Unabridged Dictionary - Letter E
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E
E (?).
1. The fifth letter of the English alphabet.
NOTE: It derives its form, name, and value from the Latin, the form
and value being further derived from the Greek, into which it came
from the Ph\'d2nician, and ultimately, probably, from the Egyptian.
Its etymological relations are closest with the vowels i, a, and o,
as illustrated by to fall, to fell; man, pl. men; drink, drank,
drench; dint, dent; doom, deem; goose, pl. geese; beef, OF. boef,
L. bos; and E. cheer, OF. chiere, LL. cara.
NOTE: The le tter e ha s in English several vowel sounds, the two
principal being its long or name sound, as in eve, me, and the
short, as in end, best. Usually at the end of words it is silent,
but serves to indicate that the preceding vowel has its long sound,
where otherwise it would be short, as in m\'bene, as in c\'bene, m,
which without the final e would be pronounced m, c, m. After c and
g, the final e indicates that these letters are to be pronounced as
s and j; respectively, as in lace, rage.
See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 74-97.
2. (Mus.) E is the third tone of the model diatonic scale. Eb (E flat)
is a tone which is intermediate between D and E.
E-
E-. A Latin prefix meaning out, out of, from; also, without. See Ex-.
Each
Each (?), a. OR a. pron. [OE. eche, \'91lc, elk, ilk, AS. \'91lc; \'be
always + gel\'c6c like; akin to OD. ieg, OHG. , MHG. iegel\'c6ch. Aye,
Like, and cf. Either, Every, Ilk.]
1. Every one of the two or more individuals composing a number of
objects, considered separately from the rest. It is used either with
or without a following noun; as, each of you or each one of you. "Each
of the combatants." Fielding.
NOTE: &hand; To ea ch co rresponds ot her. "L et each esteem other
better than himself." Each other, used elliptically for each the
other. It is our duty to assist each other; that is, it is our
duty, each to assist the other, each being in the nominative and
other in the objective case.
It is a bad thing that men should hate each other; but it is far
worse that they should contract the habit of cutting one another's
throats without hatred. Macaulay.
Let each His adamantine coat gird well. Milton.
In each cheek appears a pretty dimple. Shak.
Then draw we nearer day by day, Each to his brethren, all to God.
Keble.
The oak and the elm have each a distinct character. Gilpin.
2. Every; -- sometimes used interchangeably with every. Shak.
I know each lane and every alley green. Milton.
In short each man's happiness depends upon himself. Sterne.
NOTE: &hand; Th is use of each for every, though common in Scotland
and in America, is now un-English.
Fitzed. Hall. Syn. -- See Every.
Eachwhere
Each"where` (?), adv. Everywhere. [Obs.]
The sky eachwhere did show full bright and fair. Spenser.
Eadish
Ead"ish (?), n. See Eddish.
Eager
Ea"ger (?), a. [OE. egre sharp, sour, eager, OF. agre, aigre, F.
aigre, fr. L. acer sharp, sour, spirited, zealous; akin to Gr. a
point; fr. a root signifying to be sharp. Cf. Acrid, Edge.]
1. Sharp; sour; acid. [Obs.] "Like eager droppings into milk." Shak.
2. Sharp; keen; bitter; severe. [Obs.] "A nipping and an eager air."
"Eager words." Shak.
3. Excited by desire in the pursuit of any object; ardent to pursue,
perform, or obtain; keenly desirous; hotly longing; earnest; zealous;
impetuous; vehement; as, the hounds were eager in the chase.
And gazed for tidings in my eager eyes. Shak.
How eagerly ye follow my disgraces! Shak.
When to her eager lips is brought Her infant's thrilling kiss.
Keble.
A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys. Hawthorne.
Conceit and grief an eager combat fight. Shak.
4. Brittle; inflexible; not ductile. [Obs.]
Gold will be sometimes so eager, as artists call it, that it will
as little endure the hammer as glass itself. Locke.
Syn. -- Earnest; ardent; vehement; hot; impetuous; fervent; intense;
impassioned; zealous; forward. See Earnest. -- Eager, Earnest. Eager
marks an excited state of desire or passion; thus, a child is eager
for a plaything, a hungry man is eager for food, a covetous man is
eager for gain. Eagerness is liable to frequent abuses, and is good or
bad, as the case may be. It relates to what is praiseworthy or the
contrary. Earnest denotes a permanent state of mind, feeling, or
sentiment. It is always taken in a good sense; as, a preacher is
earnest in his appeals to the conscience; an agent is earnest in his
solicitations.
Eager
Ea"ger, n. Same as Eagre.
Eagerly
Ea"ger*ly, adv. In an eager manner.
Eagerness
Ea"ger*ness, n.
1. The state or quality of being eager; ardent desire. "The eagerness
of love." Addison.
2. Tartness; sourness. [Obs.] Syn. -- Ardor; vehemence; earnestness;
impetuosity; heartiness; fervor; fervency; avidity; zeal; craving;
heat; passion; greediness.
Eagle
Ea"gle (?), n. [OE. egle, F. aigle, fr. L. aquila; prob. named from
its color, fr. aquilus dark-colored, brown; cf. Lith. aklas blind. Cf.
Aquiline.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any large, rapacious bird of the Falcon family, esp. of
the genera Aquila and Hali\'91etus. The eagle is remarkable for
strength, size, graceful figure, keenness of vision, and extraordinary
flight. The most noted species are the golden eagle (Aquila
chrysa\'89tus); the imperial eagle of Europe (A. mogilnik OR
imperialis); the American bald eagle (Hali\'91etus leucocephalus); the
European sea eagle (H. albicilla); and the great harpy eagle
(Thrasaetus harpyia). The figure of the eagle, as the king of birds,
is commonly used as an heraldic emblem, and also for standards and
emblematic devices. See Bald eagle, Harpy, and Golden eagle.
2. A gold coin of the United States, of the value of ten dollars.
3. (Astron.) A northern constellation, containing Altair, a star of
the first magnitude. See Aquila.
4. The figure of an eagle borne as an emblem on the standard of the
ancient Romans, or so used upon the seal or standard of any people.
Though the Roman eagle shadow thee. Tennyson.
NOTE: &hand; So me modern nations, as the United States, and France
under the Bonapartes, have adopted the eagle as their national
emblem. Russia, Austria, and Prussia have for an emblem a
double-headed eagle.
Bald eagle. See Bald eagle. -- Bold eagle. See under Bold. -- Double
eagle, a gold coin of the United States worth twenty dollars. -- Eagle
hawk (Zo\'94l.), a large, crested, South American hawk of the genus
Morphnus. -- Eagle owl (Zo\'94l.), any large owl of the genus Bubo,
and allied genera; as the American great horned owl (Bubo
Virginianus), and the allied European species (B. maximus). See Horned
owl. -- Eagle ray (Zo\'94l.), any large species of ray of the genus
Myliobatis (esp. M. aquila). -- Eagle vulture (Zo\'94l.), a large West
African bid (Gypohierax Angolensis), intermediate, in several
respects, between the eagles and vultures.
Eagle-eyed
Ea"gle-eyed` (?), a. Sharp-sighted as an eagle. "Inwardly eagle-eyed."
Howell.
Eagle-sighted
Ea"gle-sight`ed (?), a. Farsighted and strong-sighted; sharp-sighted.
Shak.
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Eagless
Ea"gless (?), n. [Cf. OF. aiglesse.] (Zo\'94l.) A female or hen eagle.
[R.] Sherwood.
Eaglestone
Ea"gle*stone (?), n. (Min.) A concretionary nodule of clay ironstone,
of the size of a walnut or larger, so called by the ancients, who
believed that the eagle transported these stones to her nest to
facilitate the laying of her eggs; a\'89tites.
Eaglet
Ea"glet (?), n. [Cf. OF. aiglet.] (Zo\'94l.) A young eagle, or a
diminutive eagle.
Eagle-winged
Ea"gle-winged` (?), a. Having the wings of an eagle; swift, or soaring
high, like an eagle. Shak.
Eaglewood
Ea"gle*wood` (?), n. [From Skr. aguru, through Pg. aguila; cf. F. bois
d'aigle.] A kind of fragrant wood. See Agallochum.
Eagrass
Ea"grass (?), n. See Eddish. [Obs.]
Eagre
Ea"gre (?), n. [AS. e\'a0gor, , in comp., water, sea,
e\'a0gor-stre\'a0m water stream, sea.] A wave, or two or three
successive waves, of great height and violence, at flood tide moving
up an estuary or river; -- commonly called the bore. See Bore.
Ealderman, Ealdorman
Eal"der*man, Eal"dor*man (?), n. An alderman. [Obs.]
Eale
Eale (?), n. [See Ale.] Ale. [Obs.] Shak.
Eame
Eame (?), n. [AS. e\'a0m; akin to D. oom, G. ohm, oheim; cf. L.
avunculus.] Uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.
Ean
Ean (?), v. t. & i. [AS. e\'a0nian. See Yean.] To bring forth, as
young; to yean. "In eaning time." Shak.
Eanling
Ean"ling (?), n. [See Ean, Yeanling.] A lamb just brought forth; a
yeanling. Shak.
Ear
Ear (?), n. [AS. e\'a0re; akin to OFries. \'a0re, \'a0r, OS. , D. oor,
OHG. , G. ohr, Icel. eyra, Sw. \'94ra, Dan. \'94re, Goth. auso, L.
auris, Lith. ausis, Russ. ukho, Gr. audire to hear, Gr. av to favor ,
protect. Cf. Auricle, Orillon.]
1. The organ of hearing; the external ear.
NOTE: &hand; In ma n an d th e hi gher ve rtebrates, th e organ of
hearing is very complicated, and is divisible into three parts: the
external ear, which includes the pinna or auricle and meatus or
external opening; the middle ear, drum, or tympanum; and the
internal ear, or labyrinth. The middle ear is a cavity connected by
the Eustachian tube with the pharynx, separated from the opening of
the external ear by the tympanic membrane, and containing a chain
of three small bones, or ossicles, named malleus, incus, and
stapes, which connect this membrane with the internal ear. The
essential part of the internal ear where the fibers of the auditory
nerve terminate, is the membranous labyrinth, a complicated system
of sacs and tubes filled with a fluid (the endolymph), and lodged
in a cavity, called the bony labyrinth, in the periotic bone. The
membranous labyrinth does not completely fill the bony labyrinth,
but is partially suspended in it in a fluid (the perilymph). The
bony labyrinth consists of a central cavity, the vestibule, into
which three semicircular canals and the canal of the cochlea
(spirally coiled in mammals) open. The vestibular portion of the
membranous labyrinth consists of two sacs, the utriculus and
sacculus, connected by a narrow tube, into the former of which
three membranous semicircular canals open, while the latter is
connected with a membranous tube in the cochlea containing the
organ of Corti. By the help of the external ear the sonorous
vibrations of the air are concentrated upon the tympanic membrane
and set it vibrating, the chain of bones in the middle ear
transmits these vibrations to the internal ear, where they cause
certain delicate structures in the organ of Corti, and other parts
of the membranous labyrinth, to stimulate the fibers of the
auditory nerve to transmit sonorous impulses to the brain.
2. The sense of hearing; the perception of sounds; the power of
discriminating between different tones; as, a nice ear for music; --
in the singular only.
Songs . . . not all ungrateful to thine ear. Tennyson.
3. That which resembles in shape or position the ear of an animal; any
prominence or projection on an object, -- usually one for support or
attachment; a lug; a handle; as, the ears of a tub, a skillet, or
dish. The ears of a boat are outside kneepieces near the bow. See
Illust. of Bell.
4. (Arch.) (a) Same as Acroterium (a). (b) Same as Crossette.
5. Privilege of being kindly heard; favor; attention.
Dionysius . . . would give no ear to his suit. Bacon.
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. Shak.
About the ears, in close proximity to; near at hand. -- By the ears,
in close contest; as, to set by the ears; to fall together by the
ears; to be by the ears. -- Button ear (in dogs), an ear which falls
forward and completely hides the inside. -- Ear finger, the little
finger. -- Ear of Dionysius, a kind of ear trumpet with a flexible
tube; -- named from the Sicilian tyrant, who constructed a device to
overhear the prisoners in his dungeons. -- Ear sand (Anat.), otoliths.
See Otolith. -- Ear snail (Zo\'94l.), any snail of the genus Auricula
and allied genera. -- Ear stones (Anat.), otoliths. See Otolith. --
Ear trumpet, an instrument to aid in hearing. It consists of a tube
broad at the outer end, and narrowing to a slender extremity which
enters the ear, thus collecting and intensifying sounds so as to
assist the hearing of a partially deaf person. -- Ear vesicle
(Zo\'94l.), a simple auditory organ, occurring in many worms,
mollusks, etc. It consists of a small sac containing a fluid and one
or more solid concretions or otocysts. -- Rose ear (in dogs), an ear
which folds backward and shows part of the inside. -- To give ear to,
to listen to; to heed, as advice or one advising. "Give ear unto my
song." Goldsmith. -- To have one's ear, to be listened to with favor.
-- Up to the ears, deeply submerged; almost overwhelmed; as, to be in
trouble up to one's ears. [Colloq.]
Ear
Ear (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Earing.] To
take in with the ears; to hear. [Sportive] "I eared her language." Two
Noble Kinsmen.
Ear
Ear, n. [AS. ear; akin to D. aar, OHG. ahir, G. \'84hre, Icel., Sw., &
Dan. ax, Goth. ahs. . Cf. Awn, Edge.] The spike or head of any cereal
(as, wheat, rye, barley, Indian corn, etc.), containing the kernels.
First the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear.
Mark iv. 28.
Ear
Ear, v. i. To put forth ears in growing; to form ears, as grain; as,
this corn ears well.
Ear
Ear, v. t. [OE. erien, AS. erian; akin to OFries. era, OHG. erran,
MHG. eren, ern, Prov. G. aren, \'84ren, Icel. erja, Goth. arjan, Lith.
arti, OSlav. orati, L. arare, Gr. Arable.] To plow or till; to
cultivate. "To ear the land." Shak.
Earable
Ear"a*ble (?), a. Arable; tillable. [Archaic]
Earache
Ear"ache` (?), n. Ache or pain in the ear.
Earal
Ear"al (?), a. Receiving by the ear. [Obs.] Hewyt.
Ear-bored
Ear"-bored` (?), a. Having the ear perforated.
Earcap
Ear"cap` (?), n. A cap or cover to protect the ear from cold.
Earcockle
Ear"coc`kle (?), n. (Bot.) A disease in wheat, in which the blackened
and contracted grain, or ear, is filled with minute worms.
Eardrop
Ear"drop` (?), n.
1. A pendant for the ear; an earring; as, a pair of eardrops.
2. (Bot.) A species of primrose. See Auricula.
Eardrum
Ear"drum` (?), n. (Anat.) The tympanum. See Illust. of Ear.
Eared
Eared (?), a.
1. Having (such or so many) ears; -- used in composition; as,
long-eared-eared; sharp-eared; full-eared; ten-eared.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having external ears; having tufts of feathers
resembling ears.
Eared owl (Zo\'94l.), an owl having earlike tufts of feathers, as the
long-eared owl, and short-eared owl. -- Eared seal (Zo\'94l.), any
seal of the family Otariid\'91, including the fur seals and hair
seals. See Seal.
Eariness
Ear"i*ness (?), n. [Scotch ery or eiry affected with fear.] Fear or
timidity, especially of something supernatural. [Written also
eiryness.]
The sense of eariness, as twilight came on. De Quincey.
Earing
Ear"ing, n. (Naut.) (a) A line used to fasten the upper corners of a
sail to the yard or gaff; -- also called head earing. (b) A line for
hauling the reef cringle to the yard; -- also called reef earing. (c)
A line fastening the corners of an awning to the rigging or
stanchions.
Earing
Ear"ing, n. Coming into ear, as corn.
Earing
Ear"ing, n. A plowing of land. [Archaic]
Neither earing nor harvest. Gen. xlv. 6.
Earl
Earl (?), n. [OE. eorl, erl, AS. eorl man, noble; akin to OS. erl boy,
man, Icel. jarl nobleman, count, and possibly to Gr. arshan man. Cf.
Jarl.] A nobleman of England ranking below a marquis, and above a
viscount. The rank of an earl corresponds to that of a count (comte)
in France, and graf in Germany. Hence the wife of an earl is still
called countess. See Count.
Earl
Earl, n. (Zo\'94l.) The needlefish. [Ireland]
Earlap
Ear"lap` (?), n. The lobe of the ear.
Earldom
Earl"dom (?), n. [AS. eorl-d; eorl man, noble + -d -dom.]
1. The jurisdiction of an earl; the territorial possessions of an
earl.
2. The status, title, or dignity of an earl.
He [Pulteney] shrunk into insignificancy and an earldom.
Chesterfield.
Earldorman
Earl"dor*man (?), n. Alderman. [Obs.]
Earlduck
Earl"duck` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The red-breasted merganser (Merganser
serrator).
Earles penny
Earles" pen`ny (?). [Cf. Arles, 4th Earnest.] Earnest money. Same as
Arles penny. [Obs.]
Earless
Ear"less (?), a. Without ears; hence, deaf or unwilling to hear. Pope.
Earlet
Ear"let (?), n. [Ear + -let.] An earring. [Obs.]
The Ismaelites were accustomed to wear golden earlets. Judg. viii.
24 (Douay version).
Earliness
Ear"li*ness (?), n. The state of being early or forward; promptness.
Earl marshal
Earl" mar"shal (?). An officer of state in England who marshals and
orders all great ceremonials, takes cognizance of matters relating to
honor, arms, and pedigree, and directs the proclamation of peace and
war. The court of chivalry was formerly under his jurisdiction, and he
is still the head of the herald's office or college of arms.
Earlock
Ear"lock` (?), n. [AS. e\'a0r-locca.] A lock or curl of hair near the
ear; a lovelock. See Lovelock.
Early
Ear"ly (?), adv. [OE. erli, erliche, AS. ; sooner + l\'c6c like. See
Ere, and Like.] Soon; in good season; seasonably; betimes; as, come
early.
Those that me early shall find me. Prov. viii. 17.
You must wake and call me early. Tennyson.
Early
Ear"ly, a. [Compar. Earlier (?); superl. Earliest.] [OE. earlich.
Early, adv.]
1. In advance of the usual or appointed time; in good season; prior in
time; among or near the first; -- opposed to late; as, the early bird;
an early spring; early fruit.
Early and provident fear is the mother of safety. Burke.
The doorsteps and threshold with the early grass springing up about
them. Hawthorne.
2. Coming in the first part of a period of time, or among the first of
successive acts, events, etc.
Seen in life's early morning sky. Keble.
The forms of its earlier manhood. Longfellow.
The earliest poem he composed was in his seventeenth summer. J. C.
Shairp.
Early English (Philol.) See the Note under English. -- Early English
architecture, the first of the pointed or Gothic styles used in
England, succeeding the Norman style in the 12th and 13th centuries.
Syn. -- Forward; timely; not late; seasonable.
Earmark
Ear"mark` (?), n.
1. A mark on the ear of sheep, oxen, dogs, etc., as by cropping or
slitting.
2. A mark for identification; a distinguishing mark.
Money is said to have no earmark. Wharton.
Flying, he [a slave] should be described by the rounding of his
head, and his earmark. Robynson (More's Utopia).
A set of intellectual ideas . . . have earmarks upon them, no
tokens of a particular proprietor. Burrow.
Earmark
Ear"mark`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earmarked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Earmarking.] To mark, as sheep, by cropping or slitting the ear.
Earn
Earn (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Ern, n. Sir W. Scott.
Earn
Earn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Earning.]
[AS. earnian; akin to OHG. arn to reap, aran harvest, G. ernte, Goth.
asans harvest, asneis hireling, AS. esne; cf. Icel. \'94nn working
season, work.]
1. To merit or deserve, as by labor or service; to do that which
entitles one to (a reward, whether the reward is received or not).
The high repute Which he through hazard huge must earn. Milton.
2. To acquire by labor, service, or performance; to deserve and
receive as compensation or wages; as, to earn a good living; to earn
honors or laurels.
I earn that [what] I eat. Shak.
The bread I have earned by the hazard of my life or the sweat of my
brow. Burke.
Earned run (Baseball), a run which is made without the assistance of
errors on the opposing side. Syn. -- See Obtain.
Earn
Earn (?), v. t. & i. [See 1st Yearn.] To grieve. [Obs.]
Earn
Earn, v. i. [See 4th Yearn.] To long; to yearn. [Obs.]
And ever as he rode, his heart did earn To prove his puissance in
battle brave. Spenser.
Earn
Earn, v. i. [AS. irnan to run. Rennet, and cf. Yearnings.] To curdle,
as milk. [Prov. Eng.]
Earnest
Ear"nest (?), n. [AS. eornost, eornest; akin to OHG. ernust, G. ernst;
cf. Icel. orrosta battle, perh. akin to Gr. oriri to rise.]
Seriousness; reality; fixed determination; eagerness; intentness.
Take heed that this jest do not one day turn to earnest. Sir P.
Sidney.
And given in earnest what I begged in jest. Shak.
In earnest, serious; seriously; not in jest; earnestly.
Earnest
Ear"nest, a.
1. Ardent in the pursuit of an object; eager to obtain or do; zealous
with sincerity; with hearty endeavor; heartfelt; fervent; hearty; --
used in a good sense; as, earnest prayers.
An earnest advocate to plead for him. Shak.
2. Intent; fixed closely; as, earnest attention.
3. Serious; important. [Obs.]
They whom earnest lets do often hinder. Hooker.
Syn. -- Eager; warm; zealous; ardent; animated; importunate; fervent;
sincere; serious; hearty; urgent. See Eager.
Earnest
Ear"nest, v. t. To use in earnest. [R.]
To earnest them [our arms] with men. Pastor Fido (1602).
Earnest
Ear"nest, n. [Prob. corrupted fr. F. arrhes, L. arra, arrha, arrhabo,
Gr. ; or perh. fr. W. ernes, akin to Gael. earlas, perh. fr. L. arra.
Cf. Arles, Earles penny.]
1. Something given, or a part paid beforehand, as a pledge; pledge;
handsel; a token of what is to come.
Who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our
hearts. 2 Cor. i. 22.
And from his coffers Received the golden earnest of our death.
Shak.
2. (Law) Something of value given by the buyer to the seller, by way
of token or pledge, to bind the bargain and prove the sale. Kent.
Ayliffe. Benjamin.
Earnest money (Law), money paid as earnest, to bind a bargain or to
ratify and prove a sale. Syn. -- Earnest, Pledge. These words are here
compared as used in their figurative sense. Earnest is not so strong
as pledge. An earnest, like first fruits, gives assurance, or at least
a high probability, that more is coming of the same kind; a pledge,
like money deposited, affords security and ground of reliance for the
future. Washington gave earnest of his talent as commander by saving
his troops after Braddock's defeat; his fortitude and that of his
soldiers during the winter at Valley Forge might rightly be considered
a pledge of their ultimate triumph.
Earnestful
Ear"nest*ful (?), a. Serious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Earnestly
Ear"nest*ly, adv. In an earnest manner.
Earnestness
Ear"nest*ness, n. The state or quality of being earnest; intentness;
anxiety.
An honest earnestness in the young man's manner. W. Irving.
Earnful
Earn"ful (?), a. [From Earn to yearn.] Full of anxiety or yearning.
[Obs.] P. Fletcher.
Earning
Earn"ing, n.; pl. Earnings (. That which is earned; wages gained by
work or services; money earned; -- used commonly in the plural.
As to the common people, their stock is in their persons and in
their earnings. Burke.
Earpick
Ear"pick` (?), n. An instrument for removing wax from the ear.
Ear-piercer
Ear"-pier`cer (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The earwig.
Earreach
Ear"reach` (?), n. Earshot. Marston.
Earring
Ear"ring` (?), n. An ornament consisting of a ring passed through the
lobe of the ear, with or without a pendant.
Earsh
Earsh (?), n. See Arrish.
Ear-shell
Ear"-shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A flattened marine univalve shell of
the genus Haliotis; -- called also sea-ear. See Abalone.
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Earshot
Ear"shot` (?), n. Reach of the ear; distance at which words may be
heard. Dryden.
Earshrift
Ear"shrift` (?), n. A nickname for auricular confession; shrift.
[Obs.] Cartwright.
Earsore
Ear"sore` (?), n. An annoyance to the ear. [R.]
The perpetual jangling of the chimes . . . is no small earsore Sir
T. Browne.
Ear-splitting
Ear"-split`ting (?), a. Deafening; disagreeably loud or shrill; as,
ear-splitting strains.
Earst
Earst (?), adv. See Erst. [Obs.] Spenser.
Earth
Earth (?), n. [AS. eor; akin to OS. ertha, OFries. irthe, D. aarde,
OHG. erda, G. erde, Icel. j\'94r, Sw. & Dan. jord, Goth. a\'c6rpa,
OHG. ero, Gr. ear to plow.]
1. The globe or planet which we inhabit; the world, in distinction
from the sun, moon, or stars. Also, this world as the dwelling place
of mortals, in distinction from the dwelling place of spirits.
That law preserves the earth a sphere And guides the planets in
their course. S. Rogers.
In heaven, or earth, or under earth, in hell. Milton.
2. The solid materials which make up the globe, in distinction from
the air or water; the dry land.
God called the dry land earth. Gen. i. 10.
He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of earth and water
never appear in him. Shak.
3. The softer inorganic matter composing part of the surface of the
globe, in distinction from the firm rock; soil of all kinds, including
gravel, clay, loam, and the like; sometimes, soil favorable to the
growth of plants; the visible surface of the globe; the ground; as,
loose earth; rich earth.
Give him a little earth for charity. Shak.
4. A part of this globe; a region; a country; land.
Would I had never trod this English earth. Shak.
5. Worldly things, as opposed to spiritual things; the pursuits,
interests, and allurements of this life.
Our weary souls by earth beguiled. Keble.
6. The people on the globe.
The whole earth was of one language. Gen. xi. 1.
7. (Chem.) (a) Any earthy-looking metallic oxide, as alumina, glucina,
zirconia, yttria, and thoria. (b) A similar oxide, having a slight
alkaline reaction, as lime, magnesia, strontia, baryta.
8. A hole in the ground, where an animal hides himself; as, the earth
of a fox. Macaulay.
They [ferrets] course the poor conies out of their earths. Holland.
NOTE: &hand; Ea rth is used either adjectively or in combination to
form compound words; as, earth apple or earth-apple; earth metal or
earth-metal; earth closet or earth-closet.
Adamic earth, Bitter earth, Bog earth, Chian earth, etc. See under
Adamic, Bitter, etc. -- Alkaline earths. See under Alkaline. -- Earth
apple. (Bot.) (a) A potato. (b) A cucumber. -- Earth auger, a form of
auger for boring into the ground; -- called also earth borer. -- Earth
bath, a bath taken by immersing the naked body in earth for healing
purposes. -- Earth battery (Physics), a voltaic battery the elements
of which are buried in the earth to be acted on by its moisture. --
Earth chestnut, the pignut. -- Earth closet, a privy or commode
provided with dry earth or a similar substance for covering and
deodorizing the f\'91cal discharges. -- Earth dog (Zo\'94l.), a dog
that will dig in the earth, or enter holes of foxes, etc. -- Earth
hog, Earth pig (Zo\'94l.), the aard-vark. -- Earth hunger, an intense
desire to own land, or, in the case of nations, to extend their
domain. -- Earth light (Astron.), the light reflected by the earth, as
upon the moon, and corresponding to moonlight; -- called also earth
shine. Sir J. Herschel. -- Earth metal. See 1st Earth,
7. (Chem.) --
Earth oil, petroleum. -- Earth pillars OR pyramids (Geol.), high
pillars or pyramids of earth, sometimes capped with a single stone,
found in Switzerland. Lyell. -- Earth pitch (Min.), mineral tar, a
kind of asphaltum. -- Earth quadrant, a fourth of the earth's
circumference. -- Earth table (Arch.), the lowest course of stones
visible in a building; the ground table. -- On earth, an intensive
expression, oftenest used in questions and exclamations; as, What on
earth shall I do? Nothing on earth will satisfy him. [Colloq.]
Earth
Earth (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earthed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Earthing.]
1. To hide, or cause to hide, in the earth; to chase into a burrow or
den. "The fox is earthed." Dryden.
2. To cover with earth or mold; to inter; to bury; -- sometimes with
up.
The miser earths his treasure, and the thief, Watching the mole,
half beggars him ere noon. Young.
Why this in earthing up a carcass? R. Blair.
Earth
Earth, v. i. To burrow. Tickell.
Earth
Earth, n. [From Ear to plow.] A plowing. [Obs.]
Such land as ye break up for barley to sow, Two earths at the
least, ere ye sow it, bestow. Tusser.
Earthbag
Earth"bag` (?), n. (Mil.) A bag filled with earth, used commonly to
raise or repair a parapet.
Earthbank
Earth"bank` (?), n. A bank or mound of earth.
Earthboard
Earth"board` (?), n. (Agric.) The part of a plow, or other implement,
that turns over the earth; the moldboard.
Earthborn
Earth"born` (?), a.
1. Born of the earth; terrigenous; springing originally from the
earth; human.
Some earthborn giant. Milton.
2. Relating to, or occasioned by, earthly objects.
All earthborn cares are wrong. Goldsmith.
Earthbred
Earth"bred` (?), a. Low; grovelling; vulgar.
Earthdin
Earth"din` (?), n. An earthquake. [Obs.]
Earthdrake
Earth"drake` (?), n. A mythical monster of the early Anglo-Saxon
literature; a dragon. W. Spalding.
Earthen
Earth"en (?), a. Made of earth; made of burnt or baked clay, or other
like substances; as, an earthen vessel or pipe.
Earthen-hearted
Earth"en-heart`ed (?), a. Hard-hearted; sordid; gross. [Poetic]
Lowell.
Earthenware
Earth"en*ware` (?), n. Vessels and other utensils, ornaments, or the
like, made of baked clay. See Crockery, Pottery, Stoneware, and
Porcelain.
Earth flax
Earth" flax` (?). (Min.) A variety of asbestus. See Amianthus.
Earthfork
Earth"fork` (?), n. A pronged fork for turning up the earth.
Earthiness
Earth"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being earthy, or of
containing earth; hence, grossness.
Earthliness
Earth"li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being earthly;
worldliness; grossness; perishableness.
Earthling
Earth"ling (?), n. [Earth + -ling.] An inhabitant of the earth; a
mortal.
Earthings oft her deemed a deity. Drummond.
Earthly
Earth"ly, a.
1. Pertaining to the earth; belonging to this world, or to man's
existence on the earth; not heavenly or spiritual; carnal; worldly;
as, earthly joys; earthly flowers; earthly praise.
This earthly load Of death, called life. Milton.
Whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things. Phil. iii.
19.
2. Of all things on earth; possible; conceivable.
What earthly benefit can be the result? Pope.
3. Made of earth; earthy. [Obs.] Holland. Syn. -- Gross; material;
sordid; mean; base; vile; low; unsubstantial; temporary; corrupt;
groveling.
Earthly
Earth"ly, adv. In the manner of the earth or its people; worldly.
Took counsel from his guiding eyes To make this wisdom earthly
wise. Emerson.
Earthly-minded
Earth"ly-mind`ed (?), a. Having a mind devoted to earthly things;
worldly-minded; -- opposed to spiritual-minded. --
Earth"ly-mind`ed*ness, n.
Earthmad
Earth"mad` (?), n. [Earth + mad an earthworm.] (Zo\'94l.) The
earthworm. [Obs.]
The earthmads and all the sorts of worms . . . are without eyes.
Holland.
Earthnut
Earth"nut` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to various roots, tubers, or
pods grown under or on the ground; as to: (a) The esculent tubers of
the umbelliferous plants Bunium flexuosum and Carum Bulbocastanum. (b)
The peanut. See Peanut.
Earthpea
Earth"pea` (?), n. (Bot.) A species of pea (Amphicarp\'91a monoica).
It is a climbing leguminous plant, with hairy underground pods.
Earthquake
Earth"quake` (?), n. A shaking, trembling, or concussion of the earth,
due to subterranean causes, often accompanied by a rumbling noise. The
wave of shock sometimes traverses half a hemisphere, destroying cities
and many thousand lives; -- called also earthdin, earthquave, and
earthshock.<-- also temblor, tremor --> Earthquake alarm, a bell
signal constructed to operate on the theory that a few seconds before
the occurrence of an earthquake the magnet temporarily loses its
power.
Earthquake
Earth"quake`, a. Like, or characteristic of, an earthquake; loud;
starling.
The earthquake voice of victory. Byron.
Earthquave
Earth"quave` (?), n. An earthquake.
Earth shine
Earth" shine` (?). See Earth light, under Earth.
Earthshock
Earth"shock` (?), n. An earthquake.
Earthstar
Earth"star` (?), n. (Bot.) A curious fungus of the genus Geaster, in
which the outer coating splits into the shape of a star, and the inner
one forms a ball containing the dustlike spores.
Earth-tongue
Earth"-tongue` (?), n. (Bot.) A fungus of the genus Geoglossum.
Earthward, Earthwards
Earth"ward (?), Earth"wards (, adv. Toward the earth; -- opposed to
heavenward or skyward.
Earthwork
Earth"work` (?), n.
1. (Mil.) Any construction, whether a temporary breastwork or
permanent fortification, for attack or defense, the material of which
is chiefly earth.
2. (Engin.) (a) The operation connected with excavations and
embankments of earth in preparing foundations of buildings, in
constructing canals, railroads, etc. (b) An embankment or construction
made of earth.
Earthworm
Earth"worm` (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any worm of the genus Lumbricus and allied genera, found
in damp soil. One of the largest and most abundant species in Europe
and America is L. terrestris; many others are known; -- called also
angleworm and dewworm.
2. A mean, sordid person; a niggard. Norris.
Earthy
Earth"y (?), a.
1. Consisting of, or resembling, earth; terrene; earthlike; as, earthy
matter.
How pale she looks, And of an earthy cold! Shak.
All over earthy, like a piece of earth. Tennyson.
2. Of or pertaining to the earth or to, this world; earthly;
terrestrial; carnal. [R.] "Their earthy charge." Milton.
The first man is of the earth, earthy; the second man is from
heaven. As is the earthy, such are they also that are earthy. 1
Cor. xv. 47, 48 (Rev. Ver. )
Earthy spirits black and envious are. Dryden.
3. Gross; low; unrefined. "Her earthy and abhorred commands." Shak.
4. (Min.) Without luster, or dull and roughish to the touch; as, an
earthy fracture.
Earwax
Ear"wax` (?), n. (Anat.) See Cerumen.
Earwig
Ear"wig` (?), n. [AS. e\'a0rwicga; e\'a0re ear + wicga beetle, worm:
cf. Prov. E. erri-wiggle.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any insect of the genus Forticula and related genera,
belonging to the order Euplexoptera.
2. (Zo\'94l.) In America, any small chilopodous myriapod, esp. of the
genus Geophilus.
NOTE: &hand; Bo th in sects are so called from the supposition that
they creep into the human ear.
3. A whisperer of insinuations; a secret counselor. Johnson.
Earwig
Ear"wig` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earwigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Earwigging (?).] To influence, or attempt to influence, by whispered
insinuations or private talk. "No longer was he earwigged by the Lord
Cravens." Lord Campbell.
Earwitness
Ear"wit`ness (?), n. A witness by means of his ears; one who is within
hearing and does hear; a hearer. Fuller.
Ease
Ease (?), n. [OE. ese, eise, F. aise; akin to Pr. ais, aise, OIt.
asio, It. agio; of uncertain origin; cf. L. ansa handle, occasion,
opportunity. Cf. Agio, Disease.]
1. Satisfaction; pleasure; hence, accommodation; entertainment. [Obs.]
They him besought Of harbor and or ease as for hire penny. Chaucer.
2. Freedom from anything that pains or troubles; as: (a) Relief from
labor or effort; rest; quiet; relaxation; as, ease of body.
Usefulness comes by labor, wit by ease. Herbert.
Give yourself ease from the fatigue of watching. Swift.
(b) Freedom from care, solicitude, or anything that annoys or
disquiets; tranquillity; peace; comfort; security; as, ease of mind.
Among these nations shalt thou find no ease. Deut. xxviii. 65.
Take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry. Luke xii. 19.
(c) Freedom from constraint, formality, difficulty, embarrassment,
etc.; facility; liberty; naturalness; -- said of manner, style, etc.;
as, ease of style, of behavior, of address.
True ease in writing comes from art, not chance. Pope.
Whate'er he did was done with so much ease, In him alone 't was
natural to please. Dryden.
At ease, free from pain, trouble, or anxiety. "His soul shall dwell at
ease." Ps. xxv. 12. -- Chapel of ease. See under Chapel. -- Ill at
ease, not at ease, disquieted; suffering; anxious. -- To stand at ease
(Mil.), to stand in a comfortable attitude in one's place in the
ranks. -- With ease, easily; without much effort. Syn. -- Rest; quiet;
repose; comfortableness; tranquility; facility; easiness; readiness.
Ease
Ease (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Eased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Easing.]
[OE. esen, eisen, OF. aisier. See Ease, n.]
1. To free from anything that pains, disquiets, or oppresses; to
relieve from toil or care; to give rest, repose, or tranquility to; --
often with of; as, to ease of pain; ease the body or mind.
Eased [from] the putting off These troublesome disguises which we
wear. Milton.
Sing, and I 'll ease thy shoulders of thy load. Dryden.
2. To render less painful or oppressive; to mitigate; to alleviate.
My couch shall ease my complaint. Job vii. 13.
3. To release from pressure or restraint; to move gently; to lift
slightly; to shift a little; as, to ease a bar or nut in machinery.
4. To entertain; to furnish with accommodations. [Obs.] Chaucer.
To ease off, To ease away (Naut.), to slacken a rope gradually. -- To
ease a ship (Naut.), to put the helm hard, or regulate the sail, to
prevent pitching when closehauled. -- To ease the helm (Naut.), to put
the helm more nearly amidships, to lessen the effect on the ship, or
the strain on the wheel rope. Ham. Nav. Encyc. Syn. -- To relieve;
disburden; quiet; calm; tranquilize; assuage; alleviate; allay;
mitigate; appease; pacify.
Easeful
Ease"ful (?), a. Full of ease; suitable for affording ease or rest;
quiet; comfortable; restful. Shak. -- Ease"ful*ly, adv. --
Ease"ful*ness, n.
Easel
Ea"sel (?), n. [D. ezel ass, donkey, hence, easel, or G. esel; akin to
E. ass. See Ass.] A frame (commonly) of wood serving to hold a canvas
upright, or nearly upright, for the painter's convenience or for
exhibition. Easel picture, Easel piece, a painting of moderate size
such as is made while resting on an easel, as distinguished from a
painting on a wall or ceiling.
Easeless
Ease"less (?), a. Without ease. Donne.
Easement
Ease"ment (?), n. [OF. aisement. See Ease, n.]
1. That which gives ease, relief, or assistance; convenience;
accommodation.
In need of every kind of relief and easement. Burke.
2. (Law) A liberty, privilege, or advantage, which one proprietor has
in the estate of another proprietor, distinct from the ownership of
the soil, as a way, water course, etc. It is a species of what the
civil law calls servitude. Kent.
3. (Arch.) A curved member instead of an abrupt change of direction,
as in a baseboard, hand rail, etc.
Easily
Eas"i*ly (?), adv. [From Easy.]
1. With ease; without difficulty or much effort; as, this task may be
easily performed; that event might have been easily foreseen.
2. Without pain, anxiety, or disturbance; as, to pass life well and
easily. Sir W. Temple.
3. Readily; without reluctance; willingly.
Not soon provoked, she easily forgives. Prior.
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4. Smoothly; quietly; gently; gracefully; without
5. Without shaking or jolting; commodiously; as, a carriage moves
easily.
Easiness
Eas"i*ness (?), n.
1. The state or condition of being easy; freedom from distress; rest.
2. Freedom from difficulty; ease; as the easiness of a task.
3. Freedom from emotion; compliance; disposition to yield without
opposition; unconcernedness.
Give to him, and he shall but laugh at your easiness. South.
4. Freedom from effort, constraint, or formality; -- said of style,
manner, etc.
With painful care, but seeming easiness. Roscommon.
5. Freedom from jolting, jerking, or straining.
East
East (?), n. [OE. est, east, AS. e\'a0st; akin to D. oost, oosten,
OHG. , G. ost, osten, Icel. austr, Sw. ost, Dan. \'94st, \'94sten,
Lith. auszra dawn, L. aurora (for ausosa), Gr. ushas; cf. Skr. ush to
burn, L. urere. Aurora, Easter, Sterling.]
1. The point in the heavens where the sun is seen to rise at the
equinox, or the corresponding point on the earth; that one of the four
cardinal points of the compass which is in a direction at right angles
to that of north and south, and which is toward the right hand of one
who faces the north; the point directly opposite to the west.
The east began kindle. E. Everett.
2. The eastern parts of the earth; the regions or countries which lie
east of Europe; the orient. In this indefinite sense, the word is
applied to Asia Minor, Syria, Chaldea, Persia, India, China, etc.; as,
the riches of the East; the diamonds and pearls of the East; the kings
of the East.
The gorgeous East, with richest hand, Showers on her kings barbaric
pearl and gold. Milton.
3. (U. S. Hist. and Geog.) Formerly, the part of the United States
east of the Alleghany Mountains, esp. the Eastern, or New England,
States; now, commonly, the whole region east of the Mississippi River,
esp. that which is north of Maryland and the Ohio River; -- usually
with the definite article; as, the commerce of the East is not
independent of the agriculture of the West.
East by north, East by south, according to the notation of the
mariner's compass, that point which lies 11 -- East-northeast,
East-southeast, that which lie 22Illust. of Compass.
East
East (?), a. Toward the rising sun; or toward the point where the sun
rises when in the equinoctial; as, the east gate; the east border; the
east side; the east wind is a wind that blows from the east.
East
East, adv. Eastward.
East
East, v. i. To move toward the east; to veer from the north or south
toward the east; to orientate.
Easter
Eas"ter (?), n. [AS. e\'a0ster, e\'a0stran, paschal feast, Easter;
akin to G. ostern; fr. AS. E\'a0stre, a goddess of light or spring, in
honor of whom a festival was celebrated in April; whence this month
was called in AS. E\'a0sterm. From the root of E. east. See East.]
1. An annual church festival commemorating Christ's resurrection, and
occurring on Sunday, the second day after Good Friday. It corresponds
to the pasha or passover of the Jews, and most nations still give it
this name under the various forms of pascha, pasque, p\'83que, or
pask.
2. The day on which the festival is observed; Easter day.
NOTE: &hand; Ea ster is us ed ei ther ad jectively or as the first
element of a compound; as, Easter day or Easter-day, Easter Sunday,
Easter week, Easter gifts.
Sundays by thee more glorious break, An Easter day in every week.
Keble.
NOTE: &hand; Ea ster da y, on which the rest of the movable feasts
depend, is always the first Sunday after the fourteenth day of the
calendar moon which (fourteenth day) falls on, or next after, the
21st of March, according to the rules laid down for the
construction of the calendar; so that if the fourteenth day happen
on a Sunday, Easter day is the Sunday after.
Eng. Cyc. Easter dues (Ch. of Eng.), money due to the clergy at
Easter, formerly paid in communication of the tithe for personal labor
and subject to exaction. For Easter dues, Easter offerings, voluntary
gifts, have been substituted. -- Easter egg. (a) A painted or colored
egg used as a present at Easter. (b) An imitation of an egg, in sugar
or some fine material, sometimes made to serve as a box for jewelry or
the like, used as an Easter present.
Easter
East"er (?), v. i. (Naut.) To veer to the east; -- said of the wind.
Russell.
Easterling
East"er*ling (?), n. [Cf. Sterling.]
1. A native of a country eastward of another; -- used, by the English,
of traders or others from the coasts of the Baltic.
Merchants of Norway, Denmark, . . . called . . . Easterlings
because they lie east in respect of us. Holinshed.
2. A piece of money coined in the east by Richard II. of England.
Crabb.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The smew.
Easterling
East"er*ling, a. Relating to the money of the Easterlings, or Baltic
traders. See Sterling.
Easterly
East"er*ly, a.
1. Coming from the east; as, it was easterly wind.
2. Situated, directed, or moving toward the east; as, the easterly
side of a lake; an easterly course or voyage.
Easterly
East"er*ly, adv. Toward, or in the direction of, the east.
Eastern
East"ern (?), a. [AS. e\'a0stern.]
1. Situated or dwelling in the east; oriental; as, an eastern gate;
Eastern countries.
Eastern churches first did Christ embrace. Stirling.
2. Going toward the east, or in the direction of east; as, an eastern
voyage.
Eastern Church. See Greek Church, under Greek.
Easternmost
East"ern*most` (?), a. Most eastern.
East Indian
East" In"di*an (?; see Indian). Belonging to, or relating to, the East
Indies. -- n. A native of, or a dweller in, the East Indies.
Easting
East"ing, n. (Naut. & Surv.) The distance measured toward the east
between two meridians drawn through the extremities of a course;
distance of departure eastward made by a vessel.
East-insular
East`-in"su*lar (?), a. Relating to the Eastern Islands; East Indian.
[R.] Ogilvie.
Eastward, Eastwards
East"ward (?), East"wards (?), adv. Toward the east; in the direction
of east from some point or place; as, New Haven lies eastward from New
York.
Easy
Eas"y (?), a. [Compar. Easier (?); superl. Easiest.] [OF. aisi\'82, F.
ais\'82, prop. p. p. of OF. aisier. See Ease, v. t.]
1. At ease; free from pain, trouble, or constraint; as: (a) Free from
pain, distress, toil, exertion, and the like; quiet; as, the patient
is easy. (b) Free from care, responsibility, discontent, and the like;
not anxious; tranquil; as, an easy mind. (c) Free from constraint,
harshness, or formality; unconstrained; smooth; as, easy manners; an
easy style. "The easy vigor of a line." Pope.
2. Not causing, or attended with, pain or disquiet, or much exertion;
affording ease or rest; as, an easy carriage; a ship having an easy
motion; easy movements, as in dancing. "Easy ways to die." Shak.
3. Not difficult; requiring little labor or effort; slight;
inconsiderable; as, an easy task; an easy victory.
It were an easy leap. Shak.
4. Causing ease; giving freedom from care or labor; furnishing
comfort; commodious; as, easy circumstances; an easy chair or cushion.
5. Not making resistance or showing unwillingness; tractable;
yielding; complying; ready.
He gained their easy hearts. Dryden.
He is too tyrannical to be an easy monarch. Sir W. Scott.
6. Moderate; sparing; frugal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
7. (Com.) Not straitened as to money matters; as, the market is easy;
-- opposed to tight.
Honors are easy (Card Playing), said when each side has an equal
number of honors, in which case they are not counted as points. Syn.
-- Quiet; comfortable; manageable; tranquil; calm; facile;
unconcerned.
Easy-chair
Eas"y-chair` (?), n. An armichair for ease or repose. "Laugh . . . in
Rabelais' easy-chair." Pope.
Easy-going
Eas"y-go`ing (?), a. Moving easily; hence, mild-tempered; ease-loving;
inactive.
Eat
Eat (?), v. t. [imp. Ate (?; 277), Obsolescent & Colloq. Eat (; p. p.
Eaten (?), Obs. or Colloq. Eat (p. pr. & vb. n. Eating.] [OE. eten,
AS. etan; akin to OS. etan, OFries. eta, D. eten, OHG. ezzan, G.
essen, Icel. eta, Sw. \'84ta, Dan. \'91de, Goth. itan, Ir. & Gael.
ith, W. ysu, L. edere, Gr. ad. Etch, Fret to rub, Edible.]
1. To chew and swallow as food; to devour; -- said especially of food
not liquid; as, to eat bread. "To eat grass as oxen." Dan. iv. 25.
They . . . ate the sacrifices of the dead. Ps. cvi. 28.
The lean . . . did eat up the first seven fat kine. Gen. xli. 20.
The lion had not eaten the carcass. 1 Kings xiii. 28.
With stories told of many a feat, How fairy Mab junkets eat.
Milton.
The island princes overbold Have eat our substance. Tennyson.
His wretched estate is eaten up with mortgages. Thackeray.
2. To corrode, as metal, by rust; to consume the flesh, as a cancer;
to waste or wear away; to destroy gradually; to cause to disappear.
To eat humble pie. See under Humble. -- To eat of (partitive use).
"Eat of the bread that can not waste." Keble. -- To eat one's words,
to retract what one has said. (See the Citation under Blurt.) -- To
eat out, to consume completely. "Eat out the heart and comfort of it."
Tillotson. -- To eat the wind out of a vessel (Naut.), to gain slowly
to windward of her. Syn. -- To consume; devour; gnaw; corrode.
Eat
Eat, v. i.
1. To take food; to feed; especially, to take solid, in distinction
from liquid, food; to board.
He did eat continually at the king's table. 2 Sam. ix. 13.
2. To taste or relish; as, it eats like tender beef.
3. To make one's way slowly.
To eat, To eat in OR into, to make way by corrosion; to gnaw; to
consume. "A sword laid by, which eats into itself." Byron. -- To eat
to windward (Naut.), to keep the course when closehauled with but
little steering; -- said of a vessel.
Eatable
Eat"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being eaten; fit to be eaten; proper for
food; esculent; edible. -- n. Something fit to be eaten.
Eatage
Eat"age (?; 48), n. Eatable growth of grass for horses and cattle,
esp. that of aftermath.
Eater
Eat"er (?), n. One who, or that which, eats.
Eath
Eath (?), a. & adv. [AS. e\'a0.] Easy or easily. [Obs.] "Eath to move
with plaints." Fairfax.
Eating
Eat"ing (?), n.
1. The act of tasking food; the act of consuming or corroding.
2. Something fit to be eaten; food; as, a peach is good eating.
[Colloq.]
Eating house, a house where cooked provisions are sold, to be eaten on
the premises.
Eau de Cologne
Eau` de Co*logne" (?). [F. eau water (L. aqua) + de of + Cologne.]
Same as Cologne.
Eau de vie
Eau` de vie" (?). [F., water of life; eau (L. aqua) water + de of +
vie (L. vita) life.] French name for brandy. Cf. Aqua vit\'91, under
Aqua. Bescherelle.
Eavedrop
Eave"drop` (?), n. A drop from the eaves; eavesdrop. [R.] Tennyson.
Eaves
Eaves (?), n. pl. [OE. evese, pl. eveses, AS. efese eaves, brim,
brink; akin to OHG. obisa, opasa, porch, hall, MHG. obse eaves, Icel.
ups, Goth. ubizwa porch; cf. Icel. upsar-dropi, OSw. ops\'84-drup
water dropping from the eaves. Probably from the root of E. over. The
s of eaves is in English regarded as a plural ending, though not so in
Saxon. See Over, and cf. Eavesdrop.]
1. (Arch.) The edges or lower borders of the roof of a building, which
overhang the walls, and cast off the water that falls on the roof.
2. Brow; ridge. [Obs.] "Eaves of the hill." Wyclif.
3. Eyelids or eyelashes.
And closing eaves of wearied eyes. Tennyson.
Eaves board (Arch.), an arris fillet, or a thick board with a feather
edge, nailed across the rafters at the eaves of a building, to raise
the lower course of slates a little, or to receive the lowest course
of tiles; -- called also eaves catch and eaves lath. -- Eaves channel,
Eaves gutter, Eaves trough. Same as Gutter,
1. --
Eaves molding (Arch.), a molding immediately below the eaves, acting
as a cornice or part of a cornice. -- Eaves swallow (Zo\'94l.). (a)
The cliff swallow; -- so called from its habit of building
retort-shaped nests of mud under the eaves of buildings. See Cliff
swallow, under Cliff. (b) The European swallow.
Eavesdrop
Eaves"drop` (?), v. i. [Eaves + drop.] To stand under the eaves, near
a window or at the door, of a house, to listen and learn what is said
within doors; hence, to listen secretly to what is said in private.
To eavesdrop in disguises. Milton.
Eavesdrop
Eaves"drop`, n. The water which falls in drops from the eaves of a
house.
Eavesdropper
Eaves"drop`per (?), n. One who stands under the eaves, or near the
window or door of a house, to listen; hence, a secret listener.
Eavesdropping
Eaves"drop`ping (?), n. (Law) The habit of lurking about dwelling
houses, and other places where persons meet fro private intercourse,
secretly listening to what is said, and then tattling it abroad. The
offense is indictable at common law. Wharton.
Ebb
Ebb (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European bunting.
Ebb
Ebb, n. [AS. ebba; akin to Fries. ebba, D. eb, ebbe, Dan. & G. ebbe,
Sw. ebb, cf. Goth. ibuks backward; prob. akin to E. even.]
1. The reflux or flowing back of the tide; the return of the tidal
wave toward the sea; -- opposed to flood; as, the boats will go out on
the ebb.
Thou shoreless flood which in thy ebb and flow Claspest the limits
of morality! Shelley.
2. The state or time of passing away; a falling from a better to a
worse state; low state or condition; decline; decay. "Our ebb of
life." Roscommon.
Painting was then at its lowest ebb. Dryden.
Ebb and flow, the alternate ebb and flood of the tide; often used
figuratively.
This alternation between unhealthy activity and depression, this
ebb and flow of the industrial. A. T. Hadley.
Ebb
Ebb (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ebbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ebbing.] [AS.
ebbian; akin to D. & G. ebben, Dan. ebbe. See 2d Ebb.]
1. To flow back; to return, as the water of a tide toward the ocean;
-- opposed to flow.
That Power who bids the ocean ebb and flow. Pope.
2. To return or fall back from a better to a worse state; to decline;
to decay; to recede.
The hours of life ebb fast. Blackmore.
Syn. -- To recede; retire; withdraw; decay; decrease; wane; sink;
lower.
Ebb
Ebb, v. t. To cause to flow back. [Obs.] Ford.
Ebb
Ebb, a. Receding; going out; falling; shallow; low.
The water there is otherwise very low and ebb. Holland.
Ebb tide
Ebb" tide` (?). The reflux of tide water; the retiring tide; --
opposed to flood tide.
Ebionite
E"bi*o*nite (?), n. [Heb. ebyon\'c6m poor people.] (Eccl. Hist.) One
of a sect of heretics, in the first centuries of the church, whose
doctrine was a mixture of Judaism and Christianity. They denied the
divinity of Christ, regarding him as an inspired messenger, and
rejected much of the New Testament.
Ebionitism
E"bi*o*ni`tism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The system or doctrine of the
Ebionites.
Eblanin
Eb"la*nin (?), n. (Chem.) See Pyroxanthin.
Eblis
Eb"lis (?), n. [Ar. iblis.] (Moham. Myth.) The prince of the evil
spirits; Satan. [Written also Eblees.]
Ebon
Eb"on (?), a.
1. Consisting of ebony.
2. Like ebony, especially in color; black; dark.
Night, sable goddess! from her ebon throne. Young.
Ebon
Eb"on, n. Ebony. [Poetic] "Framed of ebon and ivory." Sir W. Scott.
Ebonist
Eb"on*ist (?), n. One who works in ebony.
Ebonite
Eb"on*ite (?), n. (Chem.) A hard, black variety of vulcanite. It may
be cut and polished, and is used for many small articles, as combs and
buttons, and for insulating material in electric apparatus.
Ebonize
Eb"on*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ebonized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ebonizing.] To make black, or stain black, in imitation of ebony; as,
to ebonize wood.
Ebony
Eb"on*y (?), n.; pl. Ebonies (#). [F. \'82b\'8ane, L. ebenus, fr. Gr.
hobn\'c6m, pl. Cf. Ebon.] A hard, heavy, and durable wood, which
admits of a fine polish or gloss. The usual color is black, but it
also occurs red or green.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fi nest black ebony is the heartwood of Diospyros
reticulata, of the Mauritius. Other species of the same genus (D.
Ebenum, Melanoxylon, etc.), furnish the ebony of the East Indies
and Ceylon. The West Indian green ebony is from a leguminous tree
(Brya Ebenus), and from the Exc\'91caria glandulosa.
Ebony
Eb"on*y, a. Made of ebony, or resembling ebony; black; as, an ebony
countenance.
This ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling. Poe.
Ebracteate
E*brac"te*ate (?), a. [Pref. e- + bracteate.] (Bot.) Without bracts.
Ebracteolate
E*brac"te*o*late (?), a. [Pref. e- + bracteolate.] (Bot.) Without
bracteoles, or little bracts; -- said of a pedicel or flower stalk.
Ebrauke
E*brau"ke (?), a. [L. Hebraicus: cf. F. H\'82bra\'8bque.] Hebrew.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Ebriety
E*bri"e*ty (?), n.; pl. Ebrieties (#). [L. ebrietas, from. ebrius
intoxicated: cf. F. \'82bri\'82te. Cf. So.] Drunkenness; intoxication
by spirituous liquors; inebriety. "Ruinous ebriety." Cowper.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 468
Ebrillade
E*bril"lade (?), n. [F.] (Man.) A bridle check; a jerk of one rein,
given to a horse when he refuses to turn.
Ebriosity
E`bri*os"i*ty (?), n. [L. ebriositas, from ebriousus given to
drinking, fr. ebrius. See Ebriety.] Addiction to drink; habitual
drunkenness.
Ebrious
E"bri*ous (?), a. [L. ebrius.] Inclined to drink to excess;
intoxicated; tipsy. [R.] M. Collins.
Ebulliate
E*bul"li*ate (?), v. i. To boil or bubble up. [Obs.] Prynne.
Ebullience; 106, Ebulliency
E*bul"lience (?; 106), E*bul"lien*cy (?), n. A boiling up or over;
effervescence. Cudworth.
Ebullient
E*bul"lient (?), a. [L. ebulliens, -entis, p. pr. of ebullire to boil
up, bubble up; e out, from + bullire to boil. See 1st Boil.] Boiling
up or over; hence, manifesting exhilaration or excitement, as of
feeling; effervescing. "Ebullient with subtlety." De Quincey.
The ebullient enthusiasm of the French. Carlyle.
Ebullioscope
E*bul"li*o*scope (?), n. [L. ebullire to boil up + -scope.] (Phys.
Chem.) An instrument for observing the boiling point of liquids,
especially for determining the alcoholic strength of a mixture by the
temperature at which it boils.
Ebullition
Eb`ul*li"tion (?), n. [F. \'82bullition, L. ebullitio, fr. ebullire.
See Ebullient.]
1. A boiling or bubbling up of a liquid; the motion produced in a
liquid by its rapid conversion into vapor.
2. Effervescence occasioned by fermentation or by any other process
which causes the liberation of a gas or an a\'89riform fluid, as in
the mixture of an acid with a carbonated alkali. [Formerly written
bullition.]
3. A sudden burst or violent display; an outburst; as, an ebullition
of anger or ill temper.
Eburin
Eb"ur*in (?), n. A composition of dust of ivory or of bone with a
cement; -- used for imitations of valuable stones and in making
moldings, seals, etc. Knight.
Eburnation
E`bur*na"tion (?), n. [L. eburnus of ivory, fr. ebur ivory: cf. F.
\'82burnation. See Ivory.] (Med.) A condition of bone cartilage
occurring in certain diseases of these tissues, in which they acquire
an unnatural density, and come to resemble ivory.
Eburnean
E*bur"ne*an (?), a. [L. eburneus, fr. ebur ivory. See Ivory.] Made of
or relating to ivory.
Eburnification
E*bur`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. eburnus of ivory (fr. ebur ivory) +
facere to make.] The conversion of certain substances into others
which have the appearance or characteristics of ivory.
Eburnine
Eb"ur*nine (?), a. Of or pertaining to ivory. "[She] read from tablet
eburnine." Sir W. Scott.
Ecardines
E*car"di*nes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. e out, without + cardo a hinge.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of Brachiopoda; the Lyopomata. See Brachiopoda.
\'90cart\'82
\'90`car`t\'82" (?), n. [F., prop. fr. \'82carter to reject, discard.]
A game at cards, played usually by two persons, in which the players
may discard any or all of the cards dealt and receive others from the
pack.
Ecaudate
E*cau"date (?), a. [Pref. e- + caudate.]
1. (Bot.) Without a tail or spur.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Tailless.
Ecballium
Ec*bal"li*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Ecbole.] (Bot.) A genus of
cucurbitaceous plants consisting of the single species Ecballium
agreste (or Elaterium), the squirting cucumber. Its fruit, when ripe,
bursts and violently ejects its seeds, together with a mucilaginous
juice, from which elaterium, a powerful cathartic medicine, is
prepared.
Ecbasis
Ec"ba*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure in which the orator
treats of things according to their events consequences.
Ecbatic
Ec*bat"ic (?), a. [See Ecbasis.] (Gram.) Denoting a mere result or
consequence, as distinguished from telic, which denotes intention or
purpose; thus the phrase so that it was fulfilled," is ecbatic; if
rendered "in order that it might be." etc., is telic.
Ecbole
Ec"bo*le (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A digression in which a person
is introduced speaking his own words.
Ecbolic
Ec*bol"ic (?), n. [See Ecbole.] (Med.) A drug, as ergot, which by
exciting uterine contractions promotes the expulsion of the contents
of the uterus.
Ecboline
Ec"bo*line (?; 104), n. [Gr. (Chem.) An alkaloid constituting the
active principle of ergot; -- so named from its power of producing
abortion.
Eccaleobion
Ec`ca*le*o"bi*on (?), n. [Gr. A contrivance for hatching eggs by
artificial heat.
Ecce homo
Ec"ce ho"mo (?). [L., behold the man. See John xix. 5.] (Paint.) A
picture which represents the Savior as given up to the people by
Pilate, and wearing a crown of thorns.
Eccentric
Ec*cen"tric (?), a. [F. excentrique, formerly also spelled
eccentrique, fr. LL. eccentros out of the center, eccentric, Gr. Ex-,
and Center, and cf. Excentral.]
1. Deviating or departing from the center, or from the line of a
circle; as, an eccentric or elliptical orbit; pertaining to deviation
from the center or from true circular motion.
2. Not having the same center; -- said of circles, ellipses, spheres,
etc., which, though coinciding, either in whole or in part, as to area
or volume, have not the same center; -- opposed to concentric.
3. (Mach.) Pertaining to an eccentric; as, the eccentric rod in a
steam engine.
4. Not coincident as to motive or end.
His own ends, which must needs be often eccentric to those of his
master. Bacon.
5. Deviating from stated methods, usual practice, or established forms
or laws; deviating from an appointed sphere or way; departing from the
usual course; irregular; anomalous; odd; as, eccentric conduct. "This
brave and eccentric young man." Macaulay.
He shines eccentric, like a comet's blaze. Savage.
Eccentric anomaly. (Astron.) See Anomaly. -- Eccentric chuck (Mach.),
a lathe chuck so constructed that the work held by it may be altered
as to its center of motion, so as to produce combinations of eccentric
combinations of eccentric circles. -- Eccentric gear. (Mach.) (a) The
whole apparatus, strap, and other parts, by which the motion of an
eccentric is transmitted, as in the steam engine. (b) A cogwheel set
to turn about an eccentric axis used to give variable rotation. --
Eccentric hook OR gab, a hook-shaped journal box on the end of an
eccentric rod, opposite the strap. -- Eccentric rod, the rod that
connects as eccentric strap with any part to be acted upon by the
eccentric. -- Eccentric sheave, OR Eccentric pulley, an eccentric. --
Eccentric strap, the ring, operating as a journal box, that encircles
and receives motion from an eccentric; -- called also eccentric hoop.
Syn. -- Irregular; anomalous; singular; odd; peculiar; erratic;
idiosyncratic; strange; whimsical.
Eccentric
Ec*cen"tric (?), n.
1. A circle not having the same center as another contained in some
measure within the first.
2. One who, or that which, deviates from regularity; an anomalous or
irregular person or thing.
3. (Astron.) (a) In the Ptolemaic system, the supposed circular orbit
of a planet about the earth, but with the earth not in its center. (b)
A circle described about the center of an elliptical orbit, with half
the major axis for radius. Hutton.
4. (Mach.) A disk or wheel so arranged upon a shaft that the center of
the wheel and that of the shaft do not coincide. It is used for
operating valves in steam engines, and for other purposes. The motion
derived is precisely that of a crank having the same throw.
Back eccentric, the eccentric that reverses or backs the valve gear
and the engine. -- Fore eccentric, the eccentric that imparts a
forward motion to the valve gear and the engine.
Eccentrical
Ec*cen"tric*al (?), a. See Eccentric.
Eccentrically
Ec*cen"tric*al*ly, adv. In an eccentric manner.
Drove eccentrically here and there. Lew Wallace.
Eccentricity
Ec`cen*tric"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Eccentricities (#). [Cf. F.
excentricit\'82.]
1. The state of being eccentric; deviation from the customary line of
conduct; oddity.
2. (Math.) The ratio of the distance between the center and the focus
of an ellipse or hyperbola to its semi-transverse axis.
3. (Astron.) The ratio of the distance of the center of the orbit of a
heavenly body from the center of the body round which it revolves to
the semi-transverse axis of the orbit.
4. (Mech.) The distance of the center of figure of a body, as of an
eccentric, from an axis about which it turns; the throw.
Ecchymose
Ec"chy*mose (?), v. t. (Med.) To discolor by the production of an
ecchymosis, or effusion of blood, beneath the skin; -- chiefly used in
the passive form; as, the parts were much ecchymosed.
Ecchymosis
Ec`chy*mo"sis (?), n.; pl. Ecchymoses (. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A livid
or black and blue spot, produced by the extravasation or effusion of
blood into the areolar tissue from a contusion.
Ecchymotic
Ec`chy*mot"ic (?), a. Pertaining to ecchymosis.
Eccle
Ec"cle (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European green woodpecker; -- also
called ecall, eaquall, yaffle. [Prov. Eng.]
Ecclesia
Ec*cle"si*a (?), n.; pl. Ecclesi\'91 (. [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Gr. Antiq.) The public legislative assembly of the Athenians.
2. (Eccl.) A church, either as a body or as a building.
Ecclesial
Ec*cle"si*al (?), a. Ecclesiastical. [Obs.] Milton.
Ecclesiarch
Ec*cle"si*arch (?), n. [LL. ecclesiarcha, fr. Gr. eccl\'82siarque.] An
official of the Eastern Church, resembling a sacrist in the Western
Church.
Ecclesiast
Ec*cle"si*ast (?), n.
1. An ecclesiastic. Chaucer.
2. The Apocryphal book of Ecclesiasticus. [Obs.]
Ecclesiastes
Ec*cle`si*as"tes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Ecclesiastic, a.] One of the
canonical books of the Old Testament.
Ecclesiastic
Ec*cle`si*as"tic (?; 277), a. [L. ecclesiasticus, Gr. Ex-, and Hale,
v. t., Haul.] Of or pertaining to the church. See Ecclesiastical.
"Ecclesiastic government." Swift.
Ecclesiastic
Ec*cle`si*as"tic, n. A person in holy orders, or consecrated to the
service of the church and the ministry of religion; a clergyman; a
priest.
From a humble ecclesiastic, he was subsequently preferred to the
highest dignities of the church. Prescott.
Ecclesiastical
Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al (?), a. [See Ecclesiastical, a.] Of or pertaining
to the church; relating to the organization or government of the
church; not secular; as, ecclesiastical affairs or history;
ecclesiastical courts.
Every circumstance of ecclesiastical order and discipline was an
abomination. Cowper.
Ecclesiastical commissioners for England, a permanent commission
established by Parliament in 1836, to consider and report upon the
affairs of the Established Church. -- Ecclesiastical courts, courts
for maintaining the discipline of the Established Church; -- called
also Christian courts. [Eng.] -- Ecclesiastical law, a combination of
civil and canon law as administered in ecclesiastical courts. [Eng.]
-- Ecclesiastical modes (Mus.), the church modes, or the scales
anciently used. -- Ecclesiastical States, the territory formerly
subject to the Pope of Rome as its temporal ruler; -- called also
States of the Church.<-- and Papal States. -->
Ecclesiastically
Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In an ecclesiastical manner;
according ecclesiastical rules.
Ecclesiasticism
Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cism (?), n. Strong attachment to ecclesiastical
usages, forms, etc.
Ecclesiasticus
Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cus (?), n. [L.] A book of the Apocrypha.
Ecclesiological
Ec*cle`si*o*log"ic*al (?), a. Belonging to ecclesiology.
Ecclesiologist
Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in ecclesiology.
Ecclesiology
Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Ecclesia + -logy.] The science or theory of
church building and decoration.
Eccritic
Ec*crit"ic (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A remedy which promotes discharges, as
an emetic, or a cathartic.
Ecderon
Ec"der*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) See Ecteron. -- Ec`der*on"ic
(#), a.
Ecdysis
Ec"dy*sis (?), n.; pl. Ecdyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`kdysis a getting
out, fr. 'ekdy`ein, to put off; 'ek out + dy`ein to enter.] (Biol.)
The act of shedding, or casting off, an outer cuticular layer, as in
the case of serpents, lobsters, etc.; a coming out; as, the ecdysis of
the pupa from its shell; exuviation.
Ecgonine
Ec"go*nine (?; 104), n. [Gr. 'e`kgonos sprung from.] (Chem.) A
colorless, crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by the
decomposition of cocaine.
(?), n. [F.] A small chamber or place of protection for a sentinel, usually in
the form of a projecting turret, or the like. See Castle.
Eche
Ech"e (?), a. OR a. pron. Each. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Echelon
Ech"e*lon (?), n. [F., fr. \'82chelle ladder, fr. L. scala.]
1. (Mil.) An arrangement of a body of troops when its divisions are
drawn up in parallel lines each to the right or the left of the one in
advance of it, like the steps of a ladder in position for climbing.
Also used adjectively; as, echelon distance. Upton (Tactics).
2. (Naval) An arrangement of a fleet in a wedge or Encyc. Dict.
Echelon lens (Optics), a large lens constructed in several parts or
layers, extending in a succession of annular rings beyond the central
lens; -- used in lighthouses.
Echelon
Ech"e*lon (?), v. t. (Mil.) To place in echelon; to station divisions
of troops in echelon.
Echelon
Ech"e*lon, v. i. To take position in echelon.
Change direction to the left, echelon by battalion from the right.
Upton (Tactics).
Echidna
E*chid"na (?), n. [L., a viper, adder, Gr.
1. (Gr. Myth.) A monster, half maid and half serpent.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Monotremata found in Australia, Tasmania, and
New Guinea. They are toothless and covered with spines; -- called also
porcupine ant-eater, and Australian ant-eater.
Echidnine
E*chid"nine (?; 104), n. [See Echidna.] (Chem.) The clear, viscid
fluid secreted by the poison glands of certain serpents; also, a
nitrogenous base contained in this, and supposed to be the active
poisonous principle of the virus. Brande & C.
Echinate, Echinated
Ech"i*nate (?), Ech"i*na`ted (?), a. [L. echinatus. See Echinus.] Set
with prickles; prickly, like a hedgehog; bristled; as, an echinated
pericarp.
Echinid
E*chi"nid (?), a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Echinoid.
Echinidan
E*chin"i*dan (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82chinide.] (Zo\'94l.) One the
Echinoidea.
Echinital
E*chin"i*tal (?), a. Of, or like, an echinite.
Echinite
Ech"i*nite (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82chinite. See Echinus.] (Paleon.) A
fossil echinoid.
Echinococcus
E*chi`no*coc"cus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A parasite of man
and of many domestic and wild animals, forming compound cysts or
tumors (called hydatid cysts) in various organs, but especially in the
liver and lungs, which often cause death. It is the larval stage of
the T\'91nia echinococcus, a small tapeworm peculiar to the dog.
Echinoderm
E*chin"o*derm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Echinodermata.
Echinodermal
E*chi`no*der"mal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Relating or belonging to the
echinoderms.
Echinodermata
E*chi`no*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
grand divisions of the animal kingdom. By many writers it was formerly
included in the Radiata. [Written also Echinoderma.]
_________________________________________________________________
Page 469
NOTE: &hand; Th e sp ecies us ually ha ve an ex terior ca lcareous
skeleton, or shell, made of many pieces, and often covered with
spines, to which the name. They may be star-shaped, cylindrical,
disk-shaped, or more or less spherical. The body consists of
several similar parts (spheromeres) repeated symmetrically around a
central axis, at one end of which the mouth is situated. They
generally have suckers for locomotion. The group includes the
following classes: Crinoidea, Asterioidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea,
and Holothurioidea. See these words in the Vocabulary, and also
Ambulacrum.
Echinodermatous
E*chi`no*der"ma*tous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Relating to Echinodermata;
echinodermal.
Echinoid
E*chi"noid (?), a. [Echinus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
the Echinoidea. -- n. One of the Echinoidea.
Echinoidea
Ech`i*noi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Echinus, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) The
class Echinodermata which includes the sea urchins. They have a
calcareous, usually more or less spheroidal or disk-shaped, composed
of many united plates, and covered with movable spines. See
Spatangoid, Clypeastroid. [Written also Echinidea, and Echinoida.]
Echinozoa
E*chi`no*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The Echinodermata.
Echinulate
E*chin"u*late (?), a. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Set with small spines or
prickles.
Echinus
E*chi"nus (?), n.; pl. Echini (#). [L., a hedgehog, sea urchin, Gr.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A hedgehog.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of echinoderms, including the common edible sea
urchin of Europe.
3. (Arch.) (a) The rounded molding forming the bell of the capital of
the Grecian Doric style, which is of a peculiar elastic curve. See
Entablature. (b) The quarter-round molding (ovolo) of the Roman Doric
style. See Illust. of Column (c) A name sometimes given to the egg and
anchor or egg and dart molding, because that ornament is often
identified with Roman Doric capital. The name probably alludes to the
shape of the shell of the sea urchin.
Echiuroidea
Ech`i*u*roi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. echiurus, the name of one genus
(Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Annelida which includes the genus
Echiurus and allies. They are often classed among the Gephyrea, and
called the armed Gephyreans.
Echo
Ech"o (?), n.; pl. Echoes (#). [L. echo, Gr. v\'be to sound, bellow;
perh. akin to E. voice: cf. F. \'82cho.]
1. A sound reflected from an opposing surface and repeated to the ear
of a listener; repercussion of sound; repetition of a sound.
The babbling echo mocks the hounds. Shak.
The woods shall answer, and the echo ring. Pope.
2. Fig.: Sympathetic recognition; response; answer.
Fame is the echo of actions, resounding them. Fuller.
Many kind, and sincere speeches found an echo in his heart. R. L.
Stevenson.
3. (a) (Myth. & Poetic) A wood or mountain nymph, regarded as
repeating, and causing the reverberation of them.
Sweet Echo, sweetest nymph, that liv'st unseen Within thy airy
shell. Milton.
(b) (Gr. Myth.) A nymph, the daughter of Air and Earth, who, for love
of Narcissus, pined away until nothing was left of her but her voice.
Compelled me to awake the courteous Echo To give me answer from her
mossy couch. Milton.
Echo organ (Mus.), a set organ pipes inclosed in a box so as to
produce a soft, distant effect; -- generally superseded by the swell.
-- Echo stop (Mus.), a stop upon a harpsichord contrived for producing
the soft effect of distant sound. -- To applaud to the echo, to give
loud and continuous applause. M. Arnold.
I would applaud thee to the very echo, That should applaud again.
Shak.
Echo
Ech"o, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Echoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Echoing. -- 3d
pers. sing. pres. Echoes (.]
1. To send back (a sound); to repeat in sound; to reverberate.
Those peals are echoed by the Trojan throng. Dryden.
The wondrous sound Is echoed on forever. Keble.
2. To repeat with assent; to respond; to adopt.
They would have echoed the praises of the men whom they Macaulay.
Echo
Ech"o, v. i. To give an echo; to resound; to be sounded back; as, the
hall echoed with acclamations. "Echoing noise." Blackmore.
Echoer
Ech"o*er (?), n. One who, or that which, echoes.
Echoless
Ech"o*less, a. Without echo or response.
Echometer
E*chom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. \'82chom\'8atre.] (Mus) A
graduated scale for measuring the duration of sounds, and determining
their different, and the relation of their intervals. J. J. Rousseau.
Echometry
E*chom"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82chom\'82trie.]
1. The art of measuring the duration of sounds or echoes.
2. The art of constructing vaults to produce echoes.
Echon, Echoon
Ech*on" (?), Ech*oon" (?), pron. Each one. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Echoscope
Ech"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for
intensifying sounds produced by percussion of the thorax. Knight.
(?), n. [F.] (Cookery) A kind of frosted cake, containing flavored cream.
Eclaircise
E*clair"cise (?), v. t. [F. \'82claircir; pref. es- (L. ex) + clair
clear, L. clarus.] To make clear; to clear up what is obscure or not
understood; to explain.
Eclaircissement
E*clair"cisse*ment (?), n. [F., fr. \'82claircir. See Eclaircise, v.
t.] The clearing up of anything which is obscure or not easily
understood; an explanation.
The eclaircissement ended in the discovery of the informer.
Clarendon.
Eclampsia
Ec*lamp"si*a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) A fancied perception of
flashes of light, a symptom of epilepsy; hence, epilepsy itself;
convulsions.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm is ge nerally re stricted to a convulsive
affection attending pregnancy and parturition, and to infantile
convulsions.
Eclampsy
Ec*lamp"sy (?), n. (Med.) Same as Eclampsia.
Eclat
E*clat" (?), n. [F. \'82clat a fragment, splinter, explosion,
brilliancy, splendor, fr. \'82clater to splinter, burst, explode,
shine brilliantly, prob. of German origin; cf. OHG. sleizan to slit,
split, fr. sl\'c6zan, G. schleissen; akin to E. slit.]
1. Brilliancy of success or effort; splendor; brilliant show; striking
effect; glory; renown. "The eclat of Homer's battles." Pope.
2. Demonstration of admiration and approbation; applause. Prescott.
Eclectic
Ec*lec"tic (?), a. [Gr. \'82clectique. See Eclogue, and cf. Elect.]
1. Selecting; choosing (what is true or excellent in doctrines,
opinions, etc.) from various sources or systems; as, an eclectic
philosopher.
2. Consisting, or made up, of what is chosen or selected; as, an
eclectic method; an eclectic magazine.
Eclectic physician, one of a class of practitioners of medicine, who
select their modes of practice and medicines from all schools;
formerly, sometimes the same as botanic physician. [U.S.] -- Eclectic
school. (Paint.) See Bolognese school, under Bolognese.
Eclectic
Ec*lec"tic (?), n. One who follows an eclectic method.
Eclectically
Ec*lec"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In an eclectic manner; by an eclectic
method.
Eclecticism
Ec*lec"ti*cism (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82clecticisme. Cf. Electicism.]
Theory or practice of an eclectic.
Eclegm
Ec*legm" (?), n. [F. \'82clegme, L. ecligma, fr. Gr. (Med.) A medicine
made by mixing oils with sirups. John Quincy.
Eclipse
E*clipse" (?), n. [F. \'82clipse, L. eclipsis, fr. Gr. Ex-, and Loan.]
1. (Astron.) An interception or obscuration of the light of the sun,
moon, or other luminous body, by the intervention of some other body,
either between it and the eye, or between the luminous body and that
illuminated by it. A lunar eclipse is caused by the moon passing
through the earth's shadow; a solar eclipse, by the moon coming
between the sun and the observer. A satellite is eclipsed by entering
the shadow of its primary. The obscuration of a planet or star by the
moon or a planet, though of the nature of an eclipse, is called an
occultation. The eclipse of a small portion of the sun by Mercury or
Venus is called a transit of the planet.
NOTE: &hand; In an cient ti mes, ec lipses we re, an d am ong
unenlightened people they still are, superstitiously regarded as
forerunners of evil fortune, a sentiment of which occasional use is
made in literature.
That fatal and perfidious bark, Built in the eclipse, and rigged
with curses dark. Milton.
2. The loss, usually temporary or partial, of light, brilliancy,
luster, honor, consciousness, etc.; obscuration; gloom; darkness.
All the posterity of our fist parents suffered a perpetual eclipse
of spiritual life. Sir W. Raleigh.
As in the soft and sweet eclipse, When soul meets soul on lovers'
lips. Shelley.
Annular eclipse. (Astron.) See under Annular. -- Cycle of eclipses.
See under Cycle.
Eclipse
E*clipse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eclipsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eclipsing.]
1. To cause the obscuration of; to darken or hide; -- said of a
heavenly body; as, the moon eclipses the sun.
2. To obscure, darken, or extinguish the beauty, luster, honor, etc.,
of; to sully; to cloud; to throw into the shade by surpassing. "His
eclipsed state." Dryden.
My joy of liberty is half eclipsed. Shak.
Eclipse
E*clipse", v. i. To suffer an eclipse.
While the laboring moon Eclipses at their charms. Milton.
Ecliptic
E*clip"tic (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82cliptique, L. linea ecliptica, Gr.
Ecliptic, a.]
1. (Astron.) A great circle of the celestial sphere, making an angle
with the equinoctial of about 23° 28\'b7. It is the apparent path of
the sun, or the real path of the earth as seen from the sun.
2. (Geog.) A great circle drawn on a terrestrial globe, making an
angle of 23° 28\'b7 with the equator; -- used for illustrating and
solving astronomical problems.
Ecliptic
E*clip"tic, a. [L. eclipticus belonging to an eclipse, Gr. Eclipse.]
1. Pertaining to the ecliptic; as, the ecliptic way.
2. Pertaining to an eclipse or to eclipses.
Lunar ecliptic limit (Astron.), the space of 12° on the moon's orbit
from the node, within which, if the moon happens to be at full, it
will be eclipsed. -- Solar ecliptic limit, the space of 17° from the
lunar node, within which, if a conjunction of the sun and moon occur,
the sun will be eclipsed.
Eclogite
Ec"lo*gite (?), n. [See Ecloque.] (Min.) A rock consisting of granular
red garnet, light green smaragdite, and common hornblende; -- so
called in reference to its beauty.
Eclogue
Ec"logue (?), n. [L. ecloga, Gr. \'82gloque, \'82cloque. See Ex-, and
Legend.] A pastoral poem, in which shepherds are introduced conversing
with each other; a bucolic; an idyl; as, the Ecloques of Virgil, from
which the modern usage of the word has been established.
Economic; 277, Economical
E`co*nom"ic (?; 277), E`co*nom"ic*al (?), a. [F. \'82conomique, L.
oeconomicus orderly, methodical, Gr. Economy.]
1. Pertaining to the household; domestic. "In this economical
misfortune [of ill-assorted matrimony.]" Milton.
2. Relating to domestic economy, or to the management of household
affairs.
And doth employ her economic art And busy care, her household to
preserve. Sir J. Davies.
3. Managing with frugality; guarding against waste or unnecessary
expense; careful and frugal in management and in expenditure; -- said
of character or habits.
Just rich enough, with economic care, To save a pittance. Harte.
4. Managed with frugality; not marked with waste or extravagance;
frugal; -- said of acts; saving; as, an economical use of money or of
time.
5. Relating to the means of living, or the resources and wealth of a
country; relating to political economy; as, economic purposes;
economical truths.
These matters economical and political. J. C. Shairp.
There was no economical distress in England to prompt the
enterprises of colonization. Palfrey.
Economic questions, such as money, usury, taxes, lands, and the
employment of the people. H. C. Baird.
6. Regulative; relating to the adaptation of means to an end. Grew.
NOTE: &hand; Ec onomical is th e us ual fo rm when meaning frugal,
saving; economic is the form commonly used when meaning pertaining
to the management of a household, or of public affairs.
Economically
E`co*nom"ic*al*ly (?), adv. With economy; with careful management;
with prudence in expenditure.
Economics
E`co*nom"ics (?), n. [Gr. Economic.]
1. The science of household affairs, or of domestic management.
2. Political economy; the science of the utilities or the useful
application of wealth or material resources. See Political economy,
under Political. "In politics and economics." V. Knox.
Economist
E*con"o*mist (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82conomiste.]
1. One who economizes, or manages domestic or other concerns with
frugality; one who expends money, time, or labor, judiciously, and
without waste. "Economists even to parsimony." Burke.
2. One who is conversant with political economy; a student of
economics.
Economization
E*con`o*mi*za"tion (?), n. The act or practice of using to the best
effect. [R.] H. Spenser.
Economize
E*con"o*mize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Economized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Economizing.] [Cf. F. \'82conomiser.] To manage with economy; to use
with prudence; to expend with frugality; as, to economize one's
income. [Written also economise.]
Expenses in the city were to be economized. Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Calculating how to economize time. W. Irving.
Economize
E*con"o*mize, v. i. To be prudently sparing in expenditure; to be
frugal and saving; as, to economize in order to grow rich. [Written
also economise.] Milton.
Economizer
E*con"o*mi`zer (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, economizes.
2. Specifically: (Steam Boilers) An arrangement of pipes for heating
feed water by waste heat in the gases passing to the chimney.
Economy
E*con"o*my (?), n.; pl. Economies (#). [F. \'82conomie, L. oeconomia
household management, fr. Gr. vicus village, E. vicinity) + Vicinity,
Nomad.]
1. The management of domestic affairs; the regulation and government
of household matters; especially as they concern expense or
disbursement; as, a careful economy.
Himself busy in charge of the household economies. Froude.
2. Orderly arrangement and management of the internal affairs of a
state or of any establishment kept up by production and consumption;
esp., such management as directly concerns wealth; as, political
economy.
3. The system of rules and regulations by which anything is managed;
orderly system of regulating the distribution and uses of parts,
conceived as the result of wise and economical adaptation in the
author, whether human or divine; as, the animal or vegetable economy;
the economy of a poem; the Jewish economy.
The position which they [the verb and adjective] hold in the
general economy of language. Earle.
In the Greek poets, as also in Plautus, we shall see the economy .
. . of poems better observed than in Terence. B. Jonson.
The Jews already had a Sabbath, which, as citizens and subjects of
that economy, they were obliged to keep. Paley.
4. Thrifty and frugal housekeeping; management without loss or waste;
frugality in expenditure; prudence and disposition to save; as, a
housekeeper accustomed to economy but not to parsimony.
Political economy. See under Political. Syn. -- Economy, Frugality,
Parsimony. Economy avoids all waste and extravagance, and applies
money to the best advantage; frugality cuts off indulgences, and
proceeds on a system of saving. The latter conveys the idea of not
using or spending superfluously, and is opposed to lavishness or
profusion. Frugality is usually applied to matters of consumption, and
commonly points to simplicity of manners; parsimony is frugality
carried to an extreme, involving meanness of spirit, and a sordid mode
of living. Economy is a virtue, and parsimony a vice.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 470
I have no other notion of economy than that it is the parent to
liberty and ease. Swift.
The father was more given to frugality, and the son to riotousness
[luxuriousness]. Golding.
(?), n. [F.] (Fine Arts) A manikin, or image, representing an animal,
especially man, with the skin removed so that the muscles are exposed for
purposes of study.
(?), n. [F.] (Mus.) A dancing tune in the Scotch style.
Ecostate
E*cos"tate (?), a. [Pref. e- + costate.] (Bot.) Having no ribs or
nerves; -- said of a leaf.
(?), n. [F., a listening place.] (Mil.) One of the small galleries run out in
front of the glacis. They serve to annoy the enemy's miners.
Ecphasis
Ec"pha*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) An explicit declaration.
Ecphonema
Ec`pho*ne"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A breaking out with some
interjectional particle.
Ecphoneme
Ec"pho*neme (?), n. [See Ecphonema.] A mark (!) used to indicate an
exclamation. G. Brown.
Ecphonesis
Ec`pho*ne"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Ecphonema.] (Rhet.) An animated or
passionate exclamation.
The feelings by the ecphonesis are very various. Gibbs.
Ecphractic
Ec*phrac"tic (?), a. [Gr. ecphractique.] (Med.) Serving to dissolve or
attenuate viscid matter, and so to remove obstructions; deobstruent.
-- n. An ecphractic medicine. Harvey.
(?), n. [F.] (Surg.) The operation performed with an \'82craseur.
(?), n. [F., fr. \'82craser to crush.] (Surg.) An instrument intended to
replace the knife in many operations, the parts operated on being severed by
the crushing effect produced by the gradual tightening of a steel chain, so
that hemorrhage rarely follows.
(?), a. [F., fr. L. crudus raw.] Having the color or appearance of unbleached
stuff, as silk, linen, or the like.
Ecstasy
Ec"sta*sy (?), n.; pl. Ecstasies (#). [F. extase, L. ecstasis, fr. Gr.
Ex-, and Stand.] [Also written extasy.]
1. The state of being beside one's self or rapt out of one's self; a
state in which the mind is elevated above the reach of ordinary
impressions, as when under the influence of overpowering emotion; an
extraordinary elevation of the spirit, as when the soul, unconscious
of sensible objects, is supposed to contemplate heavenly mysteries.
Like a mad prophet in an ecstasy. Dryden.
This is the very ecstasy of love. Shak.
2. Excessive and overmastering joy or enthusiasm; rapture;
enthusiastic delight.
He on the tender grass Would sit, and hearken even to ecstasy.
Milton.
3. Violent distraction of mind; violent emotion; excessive grief of
anxiety; insanity; madness. [Obs.]
That unmatched form and feature of blown youth Blasted with
ecstasy. Shak.
Our words will but increase his ecstasy. Marlowe.
4. (Med.) A state which consists in total suspension of sensibility,
of voluntary motion, and largely of mental power. The body is erect
and inflexible; the pulsation and breathing are not affected. Mayne.
Ecstasy
Ec"sta*sy, v. t. To fill ecstasy, or with rapture or enthusiasm.
[Obs.]
The most ecstasied order of holy . . . spirits. Jer. Taylor.
Ecstatic
Ec*stat"ic (?), a. [Gr. extatique. See Ecstasy, n.]
1. Pertaining to, or caused by, ecstasy or excessive emotion; of the
nature, or in a state, of ecstasy; as, ecstatic gaze; ecstatic trance.
This ecstatic fit of love and jealousy. Hammond.
2. Delightful beyond measure; rapturous; ravishing; as, ecstatic bliss
or joy.
Ecstatic
Ec*stat"ic, n. An enthusiast. [R.] Gauden.
Ecstatical
Ec*stat"ic*al (?), a.
1. Ecstatic. Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. Tending to external objects. [R.] Norris.
Ecstatically
Ec*stat"ic*al*ly, adv. Rapturously; ravishingly.
Ect-, Ecto-
Ect- (?), Ec"to- (?). [Gr. A combining form signifying without,
outside, external.
Ectad
Ec"tad (?), adv. [Ect- + L. ad towards.] (Anat.) Toward the outside or
surface; -- opposed to entad. B. G. Wilder.
Ectal
Ec"tal (?), a. [See Ect-.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or situated near,
the surface; outer; -- opposed to ental. B. G. Wilder.
Ectasia
Ec*ta"si*a (?), n. [NL. See Ectasis.] (Med.) A dilatation of a hollow
organ or of a canal.
Ectasis
Ec"ta*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Pros.) The lengthening of a syllable
from short to long.
Ectental
Ec*ten"tal (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Relating to, or connected with, the
two primitive germ layers, the ectoderm and ectoderm; as, the
"ectental line" or line of juncture of the two layers in the
segmentation of the ovum. C. S. Minot.
Ecteron
Ec"ter*on (?), n. [See Ect-.] (Anat.) The external layer of the skin
and mucous membranes; epithelium; ecderon. -- Ec`ter*on"ic (#), a.
Ectethmoid
Ec*teth"moid (?), a. [Ect- + ethmoid.] (Anat.) External to the
ethmoid; prefrontal.
Ecthlipsis
Ec*thlip"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
1. The dropping out or suppression from a word of a consonant, with or
without a vowel.
2. (Lat. Pros.) The elision of a final m, with the preceding vowel,
before a word beginning with a vowel.
Ecthoreum
Ec`tho*re"um (?), n.; pl. Ecthorea (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The
slender, hollow thread of a nettling cell or cnida. See Nettling cell.
[Written also ecthor\'91um.]
Ecthyma
Ec*thy"ma (?), n.; pl. Ecthymata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A cutaneous
eruption, consisting of large, round pustules, upon an indurated and
inflamed base. Dunglison.
Ecto-
Ec"to- (?). See Ect-.
Ectoblast
Ec"to*blast (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the
blastoderm; the epiblast; the ectoderm. (b) The outer envelope of a
cell; the cell wall. Agassiz.
Ectobronchium
Ec`to*bron"chi*um (?), n.; pl. Ectobronchia (#). [NL. See Ecto-, and
Bronchia.] (Anat.) One of the dorsal branches of the main bronchi in
the lungs of birds.
Ectocuneriform, Ectocuniform
Ec`to*cu*ne"ri*form (?), Ec`to*cu"ni*form (?), n. [Ecto- + cuneiform,
cuniform.] (Anat.) One of the bones of the tarsus. See Cuneiform.
Ectocyst
Ec"to*cyst (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The outside covering of the
Bryozoa.
Ectoderm
Ec"to*derm (?), n. [Ecto- + -derm.] (Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the
blastoderm; epiblast. (b) The external skin or outer layer of an
animal or plant, this being formed in an animal from the epiblast. See
Illust. of Blastoderm.
Ectodermal, Ectodermic
Ec`to*der"mal (?), Ec`to*der"mic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or relating to the
ectoderm.
Ectolecithal
Ec`to*lec"i*thal (?), a. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) Having the food yolk, at
the commencement of segmentation, in a peripheral position, and the
cleavage process confined to the center of the egg; as, ectolecithal
ova.
Ectomere
Ec"to*mere (?), n. [Ecto- + -mere.] (Biol.) The more transparent
cells, which finally become external, in many segmenting ova, as those
of mammals.
Ectoparasite
Ec`to*par"a*site (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any parasite which lives on the
exterior of animals; -- opposed to endoparasite. -- Ec`to*par`a*sit"ic
(#), a.
Ectopia
Ec*to"pi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A morbid displacement of
parts, especially such as is congenial; as, ectopia of the heart, or
of the bladder.
Ectopic
Ec*top"ic (?), a. (Med.) Out of place; congenitally displaced; as, an
ectopic organ.
Ectoplasm
Ec"to*plasm (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The outer transparent
layer of protoplasm in a developing ovum. (b) The outer hyaline layer
of protoplasm in a vegetable cell. (c) The ectosarc of protozoan.
Ectoplastic
Ec`to*plas"tic (?), a. [Ecto- + Gr. Pertaining to, or composed of,
ectoplasm.
Ectoprocta
Ec`to*proc"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of Bryozoa
in which the anus lies outside the circle of tentacles.
Ectopy
Ec"to*py (?), n. (Med.) Same as Ectopia.
Ectorganism
Ect*or"gan*ism (?), n. [Ect- + organism.] (Biol.) An external
parasitic organism.
Ectosarc
Ec"to*sarc (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) The semisolid external layer
of protoplasm in some unicellular organisms, as the am\'d2ba;
ectoplasm; exoplasm.
Ectosteal
Ec*tos"te*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to ectostosis; as,
ectosteal ossification.
Ectostosis
Ec`tos*to"sis (?), n. [NL. See Ect-, and Ostosis.] (Physiol.) A
process of bone formation in which ossification takes place in the
perichondrium and either surrounds or gradually replaces the
cartilage.
Ectozoic
Ec`to*zo"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) See Epizoic.
Ectozo\'94n
Ec`to*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Ectozoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) See
Epizo\'94n.
Ectropion
Ec*tro"pi*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) An unnatural eversion of the
eyelids.
Ectropium
Ec*tro"pi*um (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as Ectropion.
Ectrotic
Ec*trot"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Having a tendency to prevent the
development of anything, especially of a disease.
Ectypal
Ec"ty*pal (?), a. [L. ectypus worked in high relief, Gr. Type.]
Copied, reproduced as a molding or cast, in contradistinction from the
original model.
Ectype
Ec"type (?), n. [Cf. F. ectype. See Ectypal.]
1. (Classical Arch\'91ol.) (a) A copy, as in pottery, of an artist's
original work. Hence: (b) A work sculptured in relief, as a cameo, or
in bas-relief (in this sense used loosely).
2. A copy from an original; a type of something that has previously
existed.
Some regarded him [Klopstock] as an ectype of the ancient prophets.
Eng. Cyc. .
Ectypography
Ec`ty*pog"ra*phy (?), n. [Ectype + -graphy.] A method of etching in
which the design upon the plate is produced in relief.
Ecumenic, Ecumenical
Ec`u*men"ic (?), Ec`u*men"ic*al (?), a. [L. oecumenicus, Gr. Economy.]
General; universal; in ecclesiastical usage, that which concerns the
whole church; as, an ecumenical council. [Written also .] Ecumenical
Bishop, a title assumed by the popes. -- Ecumenical council. See under
Council.
Ecurie
Ec"u*rie (?), n. [F. See Equerry.] A stable.
Eczema
Ec"ze*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`kzema; "ek out + zei^n to boil.]
(Med.) An inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by the
presence of redness and itching, an eruption of small vesicles, and
the discharge of a watery exudation, which often dries up, leaving the
skin covered with crusts; -- called also tetter, milk crust, and salt
rheum.
Eczematous
Ec*zem"a*tous (?), a. (Med.) Pertaining to eczema; having the
characteristic of eczema.
-ed
-ed (?). The termination of the past participle of regular, or weak,
verbs; also, of analogous participial adjectives from nouns; as,
pigmented; talented.
Edacious
E*da"cious (?), a. [L. edax, edacis, fr. edere to eat.] Given to
eating; voracious; devouring.
Swallowed in the depths of edacious Time. Carlyle.
-- E*da"cious*ly, adv. -- E*da"cious*ness, n.
Edacity
E*dac"i*ty (?), n. [L. edacitas.] Greediness; voracity; ravenousness;
rapacity. Bacon.
Edda
Ed"da (?), n.; pl. Eddas (#). [Icel., lit. great-grandmother (i. e.,
of Scandinavian poetry), so called by Bishop Brynj\'a3lf Sveinsson,
who brought it again to light in 1643.] The religious or mythological
book of the old Scandinavian tribes of German origin, containing two
collections of Sagas (legends, myths) of the old northern gods and
heroes.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e tw o Ed das. Th e ol der, consisting of 39
poems, was reduced to writing from oral tradition in Iceland
between 1050 and 1133. The younger or prose Edda, called also the
Edda of Snorri, is the work of several writers, though usually
ascribed to Snorri Sturleson, who was born in 1178.
Eddaic, Eddic
Ed*da"ic (?), Ed"dic (?), a. Relating to the Eddas; resembling the
Eddas.
Edder
Ed"der (?), n. [See Adder.] (Zo\'94l.) An adder or serpent. [Prov.
Eng.] Wright.
Edder
Ed"der, n. [AS. edor hedge, fence; akin to etar.] Flexible wood worked
into the top of hedge stakes, to bind them together. [Obs.] Tusser.
Edder
Ed"der, v. t. To bind the top interweaving edder; as, to edder a
hedge. [Obs.]
Eddish
Ed"dish (?), n. [AS. edisc; cf. AS. pref. ed- again, anew. Cf. Eddy,
and Arrish.] Aftermath; also, stubble and stubble field. See Arrish.
[Eng.]
Eddoes
Ed"does (?), n. pl. (Bot.) The tubers of Colocasia antiquorum. See
Taro.
Eddy
Ed"dy (?), n.; pl. Eddies (#). [Prob. fr. Icel. i; cf. Icel. pref. i
back, AS. ed-, OS. idug-, OHG. ita-; Goth. id-.]
1. A current of air or water running back, or in a direction contrary
to the main current.
2. A current of water or air moving in a circular direction; a
whirlpool.
And smiling eddies dimpled on the main. Dryden.
Wheel through the air, in circling eddies play. Addison.
NOTE: Used also adjectively; as, eddy winds.
Dryden.
Eddy
Ed"dy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eddied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eddying.] To
move as an eddy, or as in an eddy; to move in a circle.
Eddying round and round they sink. Wordsworth.
Eddy
Ed"dy, v. t. To collect as into an eddy. [R.]
The circling mountains eddy in From the bare wild the dissipated
storm. Thomson.
Edelweiss
E"del*weiss (?), n. [G., fr. edel noble + weiss white.] (Bot.) A
little, perennial, white, woolly plant (Leontopodium alpinum), growing
at high elevations in the Alps.<-- = the national flower of Austria
-->
Edema
E*de"ma (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as \'d2dema.
Edematous, OR Edematose
E*de"ma*tous (?), OR E*de"ma*tose` (?), a. (Med.) Same as
\'d2dematous.
Eden
E"den (?), n. [Heb. \'c7den delight, pleasure; also, a place of
pleasure, Eden.] The garden where Adam and Eve first dwelt; hence, a
delightful region or residence.
Edenic
E*den"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Eden; paradisaic. "Edenic joys."
Mrs. Browning.
Edenite
E"den*ite (?), n. [From Edenville, N. Y.] (Min.) A variety of
amphibole. See Amphibole.
Edenized
E"den*ized (?), a. Admitted to a state of paradisaic happiness. [R.]
Davies (Wit's Pilgr. ).
Edental
E*den"tal (?), a. See Edentate, a. -- n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
Edentata.
Edentalous
E*den"tal*ous (?), a. See Edentate, a.
Edentata
E`den*ta"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., neut. pl. from L. edentatus, p. p. of
edentare to render toothless; e out + dens, dentis, tooth.] (Zo\'94l.)
An order of mammals including the armadillos, sloths, and anteaters;
-- called also Bruta. The incisor teeth are rarely developed, and in
some groups all the teeth are lacking.
Edentate
E*den"tate (?), a.
1. Destitute of teeth; as, an edentate quadruped; an edentate leaf.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Edentata.
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Edentate
E*den"tate (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Edentata.
Edentated
E*den`ta*ted (?), a. Same as Edentate, a.
Edentation
E`den*ta"tion (?), n. A depriving of teeth. [R.] Cockeram.
Edentulous
E*den"tu*lous (?; 135), a. [L. edentulus; e out + dens, dentis,
tooth.] Toothless.
Edge
Edge (?), n. [OE. eg, egge, AS. ecg; akin to OHG. ekka, G. ecke, Icel.
& Sw. egg, Dan. eg, and to L. acies, Gr. a edge. Egg, v. t., Eager,
Ear spike of corn, Acute.]
1. The thin cutting side of the blade of an instrument; as, the edge
of an ax, knife, sword, or scythe. Hence, figuratively, that which
cuts as an edge does, or wounds deeply, etc.
He which hath the sharp sword with two edges. Rev. ii. 12.
Slander, Whose edge is sharper than the sword. Shak.
2. Any sharp terminating border; a margin; a brink; extreme verge; as,
the edge of a table, a precipice.
Upon the edge of yonder coppice. Shak.
In worst extremes, and on the perilous edge Of battle. Milton.
Pursue even to the very edge of destruction. Sir W. Scott.
3. Sharpness; readiness of fitness to cut; keenness; intenseness of
desire.
The full edge of our indignation. Sir W. Scott.
Death and persecution lose all the ill that they can have, if we do
not set an edge upon them by our fears and by our vices. Jer.
Taylor.
4. The border or part adjacent to the line of division; the beginning
or early part; as, in the edge of evening. "On the edge of winter."
Milton.
Edge joint (Carp.), a joint formed by two edges making a corner. --
Edge mill, a crushing or grinding mill in which stones roll around on
their edges, on a level circular bed; -- used for ore, and as an oil
mill. Called also Chilian mill. -- Edge molding (Arch.), a molding
whose section is made up of two curves meeting in an angle. -- Edge
plane. (a) (Carp.) A plane for edging boards. (b) (Shoemaking) A plane
for edging soles. -- Edge play, a kind of swordplay in which
backswords or cutlasses are used, and the edge, rather than the point,
is employed. -- Edge rail. (Railroad) (a) A rail set on edge; --
applied to a rail of more depth than width. (b) A guard rail by the
side of the main rail at a switch. Knight. -- Edge railway, a railway
having the rails set on edge. -- Edge stone, a curbstone. -- Edge
tool. (a) Any tool instrument having a sharp edge intended for
cutting. (b) A tool for forming or dressing an edge; an edging tool.
-- To be on edge, to be eager, impatient, or anxious. -- To set the
teeth on edge, to cause a disagreeable tingling sensation in the
teeth, as by bringing acids into contact with them. Bacon.
Edge
Edge (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Edging.]
1. To furnish with an edge as a tool or weapon; to sharpen.
To edge her champion's sword. Dryden.
2. To shape or dress the edge of, as with a tool.
3. To furnish with a fringe or border; as, to edge a dress; to edge a
garden with box.
Hills whose tops were edged with groves. Pope.
4. To make sharp or keen, figuratively; to incite; to exasperate; to
goad; to urge or egg on. [Obs.]
By such reasonings, the simple were blinded, and the malicious
edged. Hayward.
5. To move by little and little or cautiously, as by pressing forward
edgewise; as, edging their chairs forwards. Locke.
Edge
Edge, v. i.
1. To move sideways; to move gradually; as, edge along this way.
2. To sail close to the wind.
I must edge up on a point of wind. Dryden.
To edge away OR off (Naut.), to increase the distance gradually from
the shore, vessel, or other object. -- To edge down (Naut.), to
approach by slow degrees, as when a sailing vessel approaches an
object in an oblique direction from the windward. -- To edge in, to
get in edgewise; to get in by degrees. -- To edge in with, as with a
coast or vessel (Naut.), to advance gradually, but not directly,
toward it.
Edgebone
Edge"bone` (?), n. Same as Aitchbone.
Edgeless
Edge"less, a. Without an edge; not sharp; blunt; obtuse; as, an
edgeless sword or weapon.
Edgelong
Edge"long (?; 115), adv. In the direction of the edge. [Obs.]
Three hundred thousand pieces have you stuck Edgelong into the
ground. B. Jonson.
Edgeshot
Edge"shot (?), a. (Carp.) Having an edge planed, -- said of a board.
Knight.
Edgeways, Edgewise
Edge"ways (?), Edge"wise (?), adv. With the edge towards anything; in
the direction of the edge.
Glad to get in a word, as they say, edgeways. Sir W. Scott.
Edging
Edg"ing (?), n.
1. That which forms an edge or border, as the fringe, trimming, etc.,
of a garment, or a border in a garden. Dryden.
2. The operation of shaping or dressing the edge of anything, as of a
piece of metal.
Edging machine, a machine tool with a revolving cutter, for dressing
edges, as of boards, or metal plates, to a pattern or templet.
Edgingly
Edg"ing*ly, adv. Gradually; gingerly. [R.]
Edgy
Edg"y (?), a. [From Edge.]
1. Easily irritated; sharp; as, an edgy temper.
2. (Fine Arts) Having some of the forms, such as drapery or the like,
too sharply defined. "An edgy style of sculpture." Hazlitt.
Edh
Edh (?), n. The name of the Anglo-Saxon letter &edh;, capital form .
It is sounded as "English th in a similar word: &omac;&edh;er, other,
d(°)&edh;, doth." March.
Edibility
Ed`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. Suitableness for being eaten; edibleness.
Edible
Ed"i*ble (?), a. [L. edibilis, fr. edere to eat. See Eat.] Fit to be
eaten as food; eatable; esculent; as, edible fishes. Bacon. -- n.
Anything edible. Edible bird's nest. See Bird's nest,
2. --
Edible crab (Zo\'94l.), any species of crab used as food, esp. the
American blue crab (Callinectes hastatus). See Crab. -- Edible frog
(Zo\'94l.), the common European frog (Rana esculenta), used as food.
-- Edible snail (Zo\'94l.), any snail used as food, esp. Helix pomatia
and H. aspersa of Europe.
Edibleness
Ed"i*ble*ness, n. Suitableness for being eaten.
Edict
E"dict (?), n. [L. edictum, fr. edicere, edictum, to declare,
proclaim; e out + dicere to say: cf. F. \'82dit. See Diction.] A
public command or ordinance by the sovereign power; the proclamation
of a law made by an absolute authority, as if by the very act of
announcement; a decree; as, the edicts of the Roman emperors; the
edicts of the French monarch.
It stands as an edict in destiny. Shak.
Edict of Nantes (French Hist.), an edict issued by Henry IV. (A. D.
1598), giving toleration to Protestants. Its revocation by Louis XIV.
(A. D. 1685) was followed by terrible persecutions and the
expatriation of thousands of French Protestants. Syn. -- Decree;
proclamation; law; ordinance; statute; rule; order; manifesti;
command. See Law.
Edictal
E*dic"tal (?), a. Relating to, or consisting of, edicts; as, the Roman
edictal law.
Edificant
Ed"i*fi*cant (?), a. [L. aedificans, -antis, p. pr. of aedificare. See
Edify.] Building; constructing. [R.] Dugard.
Edification
Ed`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. aedificatio: cf. F. \'82dification. See
Edify.]
1. The act of edifying, or the state of being edified; a building up,
especially in a moral or spiritual sense; moral, intellectual, or
spiritual improvement; instruction.
The assured edification of his church. Bp. Hall.
Out of these magazines I shall supply the town with what may tend
to their edification. Addison.
2. A building or edifice. [Obs.] Bullokar.
Edificatory
Ed"i*fi*ca`to*ry (?), a. Tending to edification. Bp. Hall.
Edifice
Ed"i*fice (?), n. [L. aedificium, fr. aedificare: cf. F. \'82difice.
See Edify.] A building; a structure; an architectural fabric; --
chiefly applied to elegant houses, and other large buildings; as, a
palace, a church, a statehouse.
Edificial
Ed`i*fi"cial (?), a. [L. aedificialis.] Pertaining to an edifice;
structural.
Edifier
Ed"i*fi`er (?), n.
1. One who builds. [Obs.]
2. One who edifies, builds up, or strengthens another by moral or
religious instruction.
Edify
Ed"i*fy (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Edified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Edifying.] [F. \'82difier, L. aedificare; aedes a building, house,
orig., a fireplace (akin to Gr. idh to kindle, OHG. eit funeral pile,
AS. \'bed, OIr. aed fire) + facere to make. See Fact, -fy.]
1. To build; to construct. [Archaic]
There was a holy chapel edified. Spenser.
2. To instruct and improve, especially in moral and religious
knowledge; to teach.
It does not appear probable that our dispute [about miracles] would
either edify or enlighten the public. Gibbon.
3. To teach or persuade. [Obs.] Bacon.
Edify
Ed"i*fy, v. i. To improve. [R.] Swift.
Edifying
Ed"i*fy`ing (?), a. Instructing; improving; as, an edifying
conversation. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ly, adv. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ness, n.
Edile
E"dile (?), n. [L. aedilis: cf. F. \'82dile. Cf. \'92dile.] (Rom.
Antiq.) See \'92dile.
Edileship
E"dile*ship, n. The office of \'91dile. T. Arnold.
Edingtonite
Ed"ing*ton*ite (?), n. (Min.) A grayish white zeolitic mineral, in
tetragonal crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta.
Edit
Ed"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edited; p. pr. & vb. n. Editing.] [F.
\'82diter, or L. editus, p. p. of edere to give out, put forth,
publish; e out + dare to give. See Date a point of time.] To
superintend the publication of; to revise and prepare for publication;
to select, correct, arrange, etc., the matter of, for publication; as,
to edit a newspaper.
Philosophical treatises which have never been edited. Enfield.
Edition
E*di"tion (?), n. [L. editio, fr. edere to publish; cf. F. \'82dition.
See Edit.]
1. A literary work edited and published, as by a certain editor or in
a certain manner; as, a good edition of Chaucer; Chalmers' edition of
Shakespeare.
2. The whole number of copies of a work printed and published at one
time; as, the first edition was soon sold.
\'90dition de luxe
\'90`di`tion" de luxe" (?). [F.] See Luxe.
Editioner
E*di`tion*er (?), n. An editor. [Obs.]
Editor
Ed"i*tor (?), n. [L., that which produces, from edere to publish: cf.
F. \'82diteur.] One who edits; esp., a person who prepares,
superintends, revises, and corrects a book, magazine, or newspaper,
etc., for publication.
Editorial
Ed`i*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an editor; written or
sanctioned by an editor; as, editorial labors; editorial remarks. <--
editorial content -->
Editorial
Ed`i*to"ri*al, n. A leading article in a newspaper or magazine; an
editorial article; an article published as an expression of the views
of the editor.
Editorially
Ed`i*to"ri*al*ly (?), adv. In the manner or character of an editor or
of an editorial article.
Editorship
Ed"i*tor*ship (?), n. The office or charge of an editor; care and
superintendence of a publication.
Editress
Ed"i*tress (?), n. A female editor.
Edituate
E*dit"u*ate (?), v. t. [LL. aedituatus, p. p. of aedituare, fr. L.
aedituus a temple warden; aedes building, temple + tueri to guard.] To
guard as a churchwarden does. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
Edomite
E"dom*ite (?), n. One of the descendants of Esau or Edom, the brother
of Jacob; an Idumean.
Edriophthalma
Ed`ri*oph*thal"ma (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
Crustacea in which the eyes are without stalks; the Arthrostraca.
[Written also Edriophthalmata.]
Edriophthalmous
Ed`ri*oph*thal"mous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the
Edriophthalma.
Educability
Ed`u*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82ducabilit\'82.] Capability of
being educated.
Educable
Ed"u*ca*ble (?; 135), a. [Cf. F. \'82ducable.] Capable of being
educated. "Men are educable." M. Arnold.
Educate
Ed"u*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Educated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Educating (?).] [L. educatus, p. p. of educare to bring up a child
physically or mentally, to educate, fr. educere to Educe.] To bring
as, to educate a child; to educate the eye or the taste. Syn. -- To
develop; instruct; teach; inform; enlighten; edify; bring up; train;
breed; rear; discipline; indoctrinate.
Educated
Ed"u*ca`ted (?), a. Formed or developed by education; as, an educated
man.
Education
Ed`u*ca"tion (?; 135), n. [L. educatio; cf. F. \'82ducation.] The act
or process of educating; the result of educating, as determined by the
knowledge skill, or discipline of character, acquired; also, the act
or process of training by a prescribed or customary course of study or
discipline; as, an education for the bar or the pulpit; he has
finished his education.
To prepare us for complete living is the function which education
has to discharge. H. Spenser.
Syn. -- Education, Instruction, Teaching, Training, Breeding.
Education, properly a drawing forth, implies not so much the
communication of knowledge as the discipline of the intellect, the
establishment of the principles, and the regulation of the heart.
Instruction is that part of education which furnishes the mind with
knowledge. Teaching is the same, being simply more familiar. It is
also applied to practice; as, teaching to speak a language; teaching a
dog to do tricks. Training is a department of education in which the
chief element is exercise or practice for the purpose of imparting
facility in any physical or mental operation. Breeding commonly
relates to the manners and outward conduct.
Educational
Ed`u*ca"tion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to education. "His
educational establishment." J. H. Newman.
Educationist
Ed`u*ca"tion*ist, n. One who is versed in the theories of, or who
advocates and promotes, education.
Educative
Ed"u*ca*tive (?; 135), a. [Cf. F. \'82ducatif.] Tending to educate;
that gives education; as, an educative process; an educative
experience.
Educator
Ed"u*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] One who educates; a teacher.
Educe
E*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Educed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Educing
(?).] [L. educere; e out + ducere to lead. See Duke.] To bring or draw
out; to cause to appear; to produce against counter agency or
influence; to extract; to evolve; as, to educe a form from matter.
The eternal art educing good from ill. Pope.
They want to educe and cultivate what is best and noblest in
themselves. M. Arnold.
Educible
E*du"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of being educed.
Educt
E"duct (?), n. [L. eductum, fr. educere.] That which is educed, as by
analysis. Sir W. Hamilton.
Eduction
E*duc"tion (?), n. [L. eductio.] The act of drawing out or bringing
into view. Eduction pipe, AND Eduction port. See Exhaust pipe and
Exhaust port, under Exhaust, a.
Eductive
E*duc"tive (?), a. Tending to draw out; extractive.
Eductor
E*duc"tor (?), n. [L., tutor.] One who, or that which, brings forth,
elicits, or extracts.
Stimulus must be called an eductor of vital ether. E. Darwin.
Edulcorant
E*dul"co*rant (?), a. [See Edulcorate.] Having a tendency to purify or
to sweeten by removing or correcting acidity and acrimony.
Edulcorant
E*dul"co*rant, n. An edulcorant remedy.
Edulcorate
E*dul"co*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edulcorated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Edulcorating.] [L. e oudulcoratus, p. p. of dulcorare to sweeten,
fr. dulcor sweetness, fr. dulcis sweet: cf. F. \'82dulcorer.]
1. To render sweet; to sweeten; to free from acidity.
Succory . . . edulcorated with sugar and vinegar. Evelyn.
2. (Chem.) To free from acids, salts, or other soluble substances, by
washing; to purify. [R.]
Edulcoration
E*dul`co*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82dulcoration.]
1. The act of sweetening or edulcorating.
2. (Chem.) The act of freeing from acids or any soluble substances, by
affusions of water. [R.] Ure.
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Edulcorative
E*dul"co*ra*tive (?), a. Tending to
Edulcorator
E*dul"co*ra`tor (?), n. A contrivance used to supply small quantities
of sweetened liquid, water, etc., to any mixture, or to test tubes,
etc.; a dropping bottle.
Edulious
E*du"li*ous (?), a. [L. edulis, fr. edere to eat.] Edible. [Obs.]
"Edulious pulses." Sir T. Browne.
-ee
-ee (?). [Formed on the F. p. p. ending -\'82, masc.] A suffix used,
chiefly in law terms, in a passive signification, to indicate the
direct or indirect object of an action, or the one to whom an act is
done or on whom a right is conferred; as in assignee, donee, alienee,
grantee, etc. It is correlative to -or, the agent or doer.
Eek, Eeke
Eek, Eeke (?), v. t. See Eke. [Obs.] Spenser.
Eel
Eel (?), n. [AS. ; akin to D., G., & Dan. aal, Icel. \'bell, Sw.
\'86l.] (Zo\'94l.) An elongated fish of many genera and species. The
common eels of Europe and America belong to the genus Anguilla. The
electrical eel is a species of Gymnotus. The so called vinegar eel is
a minute nematode worm. See Conger eel, Electric eel, and Gymnotus.
Eelbuck
Eel"buck` (?), n. An eelpot or eel basket.
Eelfare
Eel"fare` (?), n. [Eel + fare a journey or passage.] (Zo\'94l.) A
brood of eels. [Prov. Eng.]
Eelgrass
Eel"grass` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Zostera marina), with very long and
narrow leaves, growing abundantly in shallow bays along the North
Atlantic coast.
Eel-mother
Eel"-moth`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The eelpout.
Eelpot
Eel"pot` (?), n. A boxlike structure with funnel-shaped traps for
catching eels; an eelbuck.
Eelpout
Eel"pout` (?), n. [AS. .] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European fish (Zoarces
viviparus), remarkable for producing living young; -- called also
greenbone, guffer, bard, and Maroona eel. Also, an American species
(Z. anguillaris), -- called also mutton fish, and, erroneously, congo
eel, ling, and lamper eel. Both are edible, but of little value. (b) A
fresh-water fish, the burbot.
Eelspear
Eel"spear` (?), n. A spear with barbed forks for spearing eels.
E'en
E'en (?), adv. A contraction for even. See Even.
I have e'en done with you. L'Estrange.
Een
Een (?), n. The old plural of Eye.
And eke with fatness swollen were his een. Spenser.
E'er
E'er (?; 277), adv. A contraction for ever. See Ever.
Eerie, Eery
Ee"rie, Ee"ry (?), a. [Scotch, fr. AS. earh timid.]
1. Serving to inspire fear, esp. a dread of seeing ghosts; wild;
weird; as, eerie stories.
She whose elfin prancer springs By night to eery warblings.
Tennyson.
2. Affected with fear; affrighted. Burns.
Eerily
Ee"ri*ly (?), adv. In a strange, unearthly way.
Eerisome
Ee"ri*some (?), a. Causing fear; eerie. [Scot.]
Eet
Eet (?), obs. imp. of Eat. Chaucer.
Effable
Ef"fa*ble (?), a. [L. effabilis; ex out + fari to speak.] Capable of
being uttered or explained; utterable. Barrow.
Efface
Ef*face" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effacing (?).] [F. effacer; pref. es- (L. ex) + face face; prop., to
destroy the face or form. See Face, and cf. Deface.]
1. To cause to disappear (as anything impresses or inscribed upon a
surface) by rubbing out, striking out, etc.; to erase; to render
illegible or indiscernible; as, to efface the letters on a monument,
or the inscription on a coin.
2. To destroy, as a mental impression; to wear away.
Efface from his mind the theories and notions vulgarly received.
Bacon.
Syn. -- To blot out; expunge; erase; obliterate; cancel; destroy. --
Efface, Deface. To deface is to injure or impair a figure; to efface
is to rub out or destroy, so as to render invisible.
Effaceable
Ef*face"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being effaced.
Effacement
Ef*face"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. effacement.] The act if effacing; also,
the result of the act.
Effascinate
Ef*fas"ci*nate (?), v. t. [L. effascinare.] To charm; to bewitch.
[Obs.] Heywood.
Effascination
Ef*fas`ci*na"tion (?), n. [L. effascinatio.] A charming; state of
being bewitched or deluded. [Obs.]
Effect
Ef*fect" (?), n. [L. effectus, fr. efficere, effectum, to effect; ex +
facere to make: cf. F. effet, formerly also spelled effect. See Fact.]
1. Execution; performance; realization; operation; as, the law goes
into effect in May.
That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose, nor
keep peace between The effect and it. Shak.
2. Manifestation; expression; sign.
All the large effects That troop with majesty. Shak.
3. In general: That which is produced by an agent or cause; the event
which follows immediately from an antecedent, called the cause;
result; consequence; outcome; fruit; as, the effect of luxury.
The effect is the unfailing index of the amount of the cause.
Whewell.
4. Impression left on the mind; sensation produced.
Patchwork . . . introduced for oratorical effect. J. C. Shairp.
The effect was heightened by the wild and lonely nature of the
place. W. Irving.
5. Power to produce results; efficiency; force; importance; account;
as, to speak with effect.
6. Consequence intended; purpose; meaning; general intent; -- with to.
They spake to her to that effect. 2 Chron. xxxiv. 22.
7. The purport; the sum and substance. "The effect of his intent."
Chaucer.
8. Reality; actual meaning; fact, as distinguished from mere
appearance.
No other in effect than what it seems. Denham.
9. pl. Goods; movables; personal estate; -- sometimes used to embrace
real as well as personal property; as, the people escaped from the
town with their effects.
For effect, for an exaggerated impression or excitement. -- In effect,
in fact; in substance. See 8, above. -- Of no effect, Of none effect,
To no effect, OR Without effect, destitute of results, validity,
force, and the like; vain; fruitless. "Making the word of God of none
effect through your tradition." Mark vii. 13. "All my study be to no
effect." Shak. -- To give effect to, to make valid; to carry out in
practice; to push to its results. -- To take effect, to become
operative, to accomplish aims. Shak. Syn. -- Effect, Consequence,
Result. These words indicate things which arise out of some
antecedent, or follow as a consequent. Effect, which may be regarded
as the generic term, denotes that which springs directly from
something which can properly be termed a cause. A consequence is more
remote, not being strictly caused, nor yet a mere sequence, but
following out of and following indirectly, or in the train of events,
something on which it truly depends. A result is still more remote and
variable, like the rebound of an elastic body which falls in very
different directions. We may foresee the effects of a measure, may
conjecture its consequences, but can rarely discover its final
results.
Resolving all events, with their effects And manifold results, into
the will And arbitration wise of the Supreme. Cowper.
Shun the bitter consequence, for know, The day thou eatest thereof,
. . . thou shalt die. Milton.
Effect
Ef*fect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Effecting.]
1. To produce, as a cause or agent; to cause to be.
So great a body such exploits to effect. Daniel.
2. To bring to pass; to execute; to enforce; to achieve; to
accomplish.
To effect that which the divine counsels had decreed. Bp. Hurd.
They sailed away without effecting their purpose. Jowett (Th. ).
Syn. -- To accomplish; fulfill; achieve; complete; execute; perform;
attain. See Accomplish.
Effecter
Ef*fect"er (?), n. One who effects.
Effectible
Ef*fect"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being done or achieved; practicable;
feasible. Sir T. Browne.
Effection
Ef*fec"tion (?), n. [L. effectio: cf. F. effection.] Creation; a
doing. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
Effective
Ef*fect"ive (?), a. [L. effectivus: cf. F. effectif.] Having the power
to produce an effect or effects; producing a decided or decisive
effect; efficient; serviceable; operative; as, an effective force,
remedy, speech; the effective men in a regiment.
They are not effective of anything, nor leave no work behind them.
Bacon.
Whosoever is an effective, real cause of doing his heighbor wrong,
is criminal. Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- Efficient; forcible; active; powerful; energetic; competent.
See Effectual.
Effective
Ef*fect"ive, n.
1. That which produces a given effect; a cause. Jer. Taylor.
2. One who is capable of active service.
He assembled his army -- 20,000 effectives -- at Corinth. W. P.
Johnston.
3. [F. effectif real, effective, real amount.] (Com.) Specie or coin,
as distinguished from paper currency; -- a term used in many parts of
Europe. Simmonds.
Effectively
Ef*fect"ive*ly, adv. With effect; powerfully; completely; thoroughly.
Effectiveness
Ef*fect"ive*ness, n. The quality of being effective.
Effectless
Ef*fect"less (?), a. Without effect or advantage; useless; bootless.
Shak. -- Ef*fect"less*ly, adv.
Effector
Ef*fect"or (?), n. [L.] An effecter. Derham.
Effectual
Ef*fec"tu*al (?; 135), a. [See Effect, n.] Producing, or having
adequate power or force to produce, an intended effect; adequate;
efficient; operative; decisive. Shak.
Effectual steps for the suppression of the rebellion. Macaulay.
Effectual calling (Theol.), a doctrine concerning the work of the Holy
Spirit in producing conviction of sin and acceptance of salvation by
Christ, -- one of the five points of Calvinism. See Calvinism. Syn. --
Effectual, Efficacious, Effective. An efficacious remedy is had
recourse to, and proves effective if it does decided good, effectual
if it does all the good desired. C. J. Smith.
Effectually
Ef*fec"tu*al*ly, adv.
1. With effect; efficaciously.
2. Actually; in effect. [Obs.] Fuller.
Effectualness
Ef*fec"tu*al*ness, n. The quality of being effectual.
Effectuate
Ef*fec"tu*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effectuated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Effectuating.] [Cf. F. effectuer. See Effect, n. & v. t.] To bring
to pass; to effect; to achieve; to accomplish; to fulfill.
A fit instrument to effectuate his desire. Sir P. Sidney.
In order to effectuate the thorough reform. G. T. Curtis.
Effectuation
Ef*fec`tu*a"tion (?), n. Act of effectuating.
Effectuose, Effectuous
Ef*fec"tu*ose` (?), Ef*fec"tu*ous (?), a. Effective. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Effectuously
Ef*fec"tu*ous*ly, adv. Effectively. [Obs.]
Effeminacy
Ef*fem"i*na*cy (?), n.; pl. Effeminacies (#). [From Effeminate.]
Characteristic quality of a woman, such as softness, luxuriousness,
delicacy, or weakness, which is unbecoming a man; womanish delicacy or
softness; -- used reproachfully of men. Milton.
Effeminate
Ef*fem"i*nate (?), a. [L. effeminatus, p. p. of effeminare to make a
woman of; ex out + femina a woman. See Feminine, a.]
1. Having some characteristic of a woman, as delicacy, luxuriousness,
etc.; soft or delicate to an unmanly degree; womanish; weak.
The king, by his voluptuous life and mean marriage, became
effeminate, and less sensible of honor. Bacon.
An effeminate and unmanly foppery. Bp. Hurd.
2. Womanlike; womanly; tender; -- in a good sense.
Gentle, kind, effeminate remorse. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Ef feminate an d wo manish ar e ge nerally us ed in a
reproachful sense; feminine and womanly, applied to women, are
epithets of propriety or commendation.
Effeminate
Ef*fem"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effeminated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Effeminating (?).] To make womanish; to make soft and delicate; to
weaken.
It will not corrupt or effeminate children's minds. Locke.
Effeminate
Ef*fem"i*nate, v. i. To grow womanish or weak.
In a slothful peace both courage will effeminate and manners
corrupt. Pope.
Effeminately
Ef*fem"i*nate*ly (?), adv.
1. In an effeminate or womanish manner; weakly; softly; delicately.
"Proud and effeminately gay." Fawkes.
2. By means of a woman; by the power or art of a woman. [R.]
"Effeminately vanquished." Milton.
Effeminateness
Ef*fem"i*nate*ness, n. The state of being effeminate; unmanly
softness. Fuller.
Effemination
Ef*fem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. effeminatio.] Effeminacy; womanishness.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Effeminize
Ef*fem"i*nize (?), v. t. To make effeminate. [Obs.]
Effendi
Ef*fen"di (?), n. [Turk. efendi, fr. Modern Gr. Authentic.] Master;
sir; -- a title of a Turkish state official and man of learning,
especially one learned in the law.
Efferent
Ef"fe*rent (?), a. [L. efferens, -entis, p. pr. of effere to bear out;
ex out + ferre to bear.] (Physiol.) (a) Conveying outward, or
discharging; -- applied to certain blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves,
etc. (b) Conveyed outward; as, efferent impulses, i. e., such as are
conveyed by the motor or efferent nerves from the central nervous
organ outwards; -- opposed to afferent.
Efferent
Ef"fe*rent (?), n. An efferent duct or stream.
Efferous
Ef"fer*ous (?), a. [L. efferus savage; ex (intens.) + ferus wild.]
Like a wild beast; fierce. [Obs.]
Effervesce
Ef`fer*vesce" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Effervesced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Effervescing (?).] [L. effervescere; ex + fervescere to begin
boiling, incho., fr. fervere to boil. See Fervent.]
1. To be in a state of natural ebullition; to bubble and hiss, as
fermenting liquors, or any fluid, when some part escapes in a gaseous
form.
2. To exhibit, in lively natural expression, feelings that can not be
repressed or concealed; as, to effervesce with joy or merriment.
Effervescence, Effervescency
Ef`fer*ves"cence (?), Ef`fer*ves"cen*cy (?), n. [Cf. F.
effervescence.] A kind of natural ebullition; that commotion of a
fluid which takes place when some part of the mass flies off in a
gaseous form, producing innumerable small bubbles; as, the
effervescence of a carbonate with citric acid.
Effervescent
Ef`fer*ves"cent (?), a. [L. effervescences, p. pr. of effervescere:
cf. F. effervescent.] Gently boiling or bubbling, by means of the
disengagement of gas
Effervescible
Ef`fer*ves"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of effervescing.
Effervescive
Ef`fer*ves"cive (?), a. Tending to produce effervescence. "An
effervescive force." Hickok.
Effet
Ef"fet (?), n. [See Eft, n.] (Zo\'94l.) The common newt; -- called
also asker, eft, evat, and ewt.
Effete
Ef*fete" (?), a. [L. effetus that has brought forth, exhausted; ex +
fetus that has brought forth. See Fetus.] No longer capable of
producing young, as an animal, or fruit, as the earth; hence, worn out
with age; exhausted of energy; incapable of efficient action; no
longer productive; barren; sterile.
Effete results from virile efforts. Mrs. Browning
If they find the old governments effete, worn out, . . . they may
seek new ones. Burke.
Efficacious
Ef`fi*ca"cious (?), a. [L. eficax, -acis, fr. efficere. See Effect,
n.] Possessing the quality of being effective; productive of, or
powerful to produce, the effect intended; as, an efficacious law. Syn.
-- See Effectual. -- Ef`fi*ca"cious*ly, adv. -- Ef`fi*ca"cious*ness,
n.
Efficacity
Ef`fi*cac"i*ty (?), n. [L. efficacitas: cf. F. efficacit\'82.]
Efficacy. [R.] J. Fryth.
Efficacy
Ef"fi*ca*cy (?), n. [L. efficacia, fr. efficax. See Efficacious.]
Power to produce effects; operation or energy of an agent or force;
production of the effect intended; as, the efficacy of medicine in
counteracting disease; the efficacy of prayer. "Of noxious efficacy."
Milton. Syn. -- Virtue; force; energy; potency; efficiency.
Efficience, Efficiency
Ef*fi"cience (?), Ef*fi"cien*cy (?), n. [L. efficientia.]
1. The quality of being efficient or producing an effect or effects;
efficient power; effectual agency.
The manner of this divine efficiency being far above us. Hooker.
2. (Mech.) The ratio of useful work to energy expended. Rankine.
Efficiency of a heat engine, the ratio of the work done an engine, to
the work due to the heat supplied to it.
Efficient
Ef*fi"cient (?), a. [L. efficiens, -entis, p. pr. of efficere to
effect: cf. F. efficient. See Effect, n.] Causing effects; producing
results; that makes the effect to be what it is; actively operative;
not inactive, slack, or incapable; characterized by energetic and
useful activity; as, an efficient officer, power.
The efficient cause is the working cause. Wilson.
Syn. -- Effective; effectual; competent; able; capable; material;
potent.
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Efficient
Ef*fi"cient (?), n. An efficient cause; a prime mover.
God . . . moveth mere natural agents as an efficient only. Hooker.
Efficiently
Ef*fi"cient*ly, adv. With effect; effectively.
Effierce
Ef*fierce" (?), v. t. [Pref. ex- (intens.) + fierce.] To make fierce.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Effigial
Ef*fig"i*al (?), a. Relating to an effigy.
Effigiate
Ef*fig"i*ate (?), v. t. [L. effigiatus, p. p. of effigiare to form,
fr. effigies. See Effigy.] To form as an effigy; hence, to fashion; to
adapt.
[He must] effigiate and conform himself to those circumstances.
Jer. Taylor.
Effigiation
Ef*fig`i*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. effigiatio.] The act of forming in
resemblance; an effigy. Fuller.
Effigies
Ef*fig"i*es (?), n. [L.] See Effigy. Dryden.
Effigy
Ef"fi*gy (?), n.; pl. Effigies (#). [L. effigies, fr. effingere to
form, fashion; ex + fingere to form, shape, devise. See Feign.] The
image, likeness, or representation of a person, whether a full figure,
or a part; an imitative figure; -- commonly applied to sculptured
likenesses, as those on monuments, or to those of the heads of princes
on coins and medals, sometimes applied to portraits. To burn, OR To
hang, in effigy, to burn or to hang an image or picture of a person,
as a token of public odium.
Efflagitate
Ef*flag"i*tate (?), v. t. [L. efflagitatus, p. p. of efflagitare.] To
ask urgently. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Efflate
Ef*flate" (?), v. t. [L. efflatus, p. p. of efflare to blow or breathe
out; ex + flare to blow.] To fill with breath; to puff up. Sir T.
Herbert.
Efflation
Ef*fla"tion (?), n. The act of filling with wind; a breathing or
puffing out; a puff, as of wind.
A soft efflation of celestial fire. Parnell.
Effloresce
Ef`flo*resce" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Effloresced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Efflorescing (?).] [L. efflorescere to bloom, blossom; ex +
florescere to begin to blossom, incho., fr. florere to blossom, fr.
flos a flower. See Flower.]
1. To blossom forth. Carlyle.
2. (Chem.) To change on the surface, or throughout, to a whitish,
mealy, or crystalline powder, from a gradual decomposition, esp. from
the loss of water, on simple exposure to the air; as, Glauber's salts,
and many others, effloresce.
3. To become covered with a whitish crust or light crystallization,
from a slow chemical change between some of the ingredients of the
matter covered and an acid proceeding commonly from an external
source; as, the walls of limestone caverns sometimes effloresce with
nitrate of calcium in consequence of the action in consequence of
nitric acid formed in the atmosphere.
Efflorescence
Ef`flo*res"cence (?), n. [F. efflorescence.]
1. (Bot.) Flowering, or state of flowering; the blooming of flowers;
blowth.
2. (Med.) A redness of the skin; eruption, as in rash, measles,
smallpox, scarlatina, etc.
3. (Chem.) (a) The formation of the whitish powder or crust on the
surface of efflorescing bodies, as salts, etc. (b) The powder or crust
thus formed.
Efflorescency
Ef`flo*res"cen*cy (?), n. The state or quality of being efflorescent;
efflorescence.
Efflorescent
Ef`flo*res"cent (?), a. [F. efflorescent, L. efflorescens, -entis,
blooming, p. pr. of efflorescere. See Effloresce, v. i.]
1. That effloresces, or is liable to effloresce on exposure; as, an
efflorescent salt.
2. Covered with an efflorescence.
Efflower
Ef*flow"er (?), v. t. [Cf. F. effleurer.] (Leather Making) To remove
the epidermis of (a skin) with a concave knife, blunt in its middle
part, -- as in making chamois leather.
Effluence
Ef"flu*ence (?), n. [Cf. F. effluence.]
1. A flowing out, or emanation.
2. That which flows or issues from any body or substance; issue;
efflux.
Bright effluence of bright essence increate! Milton.
And, as if the gloom of the earth and sky had been but the
effluence of these two mortal hearts, it vanished with their
sorrow. Hawthorne.
Effluency
Ef"flu*en*cy (?), n. Effluence.
Effluent
Ef"flu*ent (?), a. [L. effluens, -entis, p. pr. of effluere to flow
out; ex + fluere to flow: cf. F. effluent. See Fluent.] Flowing out;
as, effluent beams. Parnell.
Effluent
Ef"flu*ent, n. (Geog.) A stream that flows out of another stream or
lake.
Effluviable
Ef*flu"vi*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being given off as an effluvium.
"Effluviable matter." Boyle.
Effluvial
Ef*flu"vi*al (?), a. Belonging to effluvia.
Effluviate
Ef*flu"vi*ate (?), v. i. To give forth effluvium. [R.] "An
effluviating power." Boyle.
Effluvium
Ef*flu"vi*um (?), n.; pl. Effluvia (#). [L., a flowing out, fr.
effluere to flow out. See Effluent, a.] Subtile or invisible
emanation; exhalation perceived by the sense of smell; especially,
noisome or noxious exhalation; as, the effluvium from diseased or
putrefying bodies, or from ill drainage.
Efflux
Ef"flux (?), n. [See Effluent, Flux.]
1. The act or process of flowing out, or issuing forth; effusion;
outflow; as, the efflux of matter from an ulcer; the efflux of men's
piety.
It is then that the devout affections . . . are incessantly in
efflux. I. Taylor.
2. That which flows out; emanation; effluence.
Prime cheerer, light! . . . Efflux divine. Thomson.
Efflux
Ef*flux" (?), v. i. To run out; to flow forth; to pass away. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Effluxion
Ef*flux"ion (?), n. [From Efflux.]
1. The act of flowing out; effusion.
2. That which flows out; effluvium; emanation.
Some light effluxions from spirit to spirit. Bacon.
Effodient
Ef*fo"di*ent (?), a. [L. effodiens, p. pr. of effodere to dig out; ex
+ fodere to dig.] Digging up.
Efforce
Ef*force (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Efforced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Efforcing (?).] [OF. esforcier (F. s'efforcer to exert one's self),
LL. exforciare; L. ex + fortis strong. See Force.] To force; to
constrain; to compel to yield. [Obs.] Spenser.
Efform
Ef*form" (?), v. t. [Pref. ex- + form.] To form; to shape. [Obs.]
Efforming their words within their lips. Jer. Taylor.
Efformation
Ef`for*ma"tion (?), n. The act of giving shape or form. [Obs.] Ray.
Effort
Ef"fort (?), n. [F. effort, OF. esfort, for esfors, esforz, fr.
esforcier. See Efforce.]
1. An exertion of strength or power, whether physical or mental, in
performing an act or aiming at an object; more or less strenuous
endeavor; struggle directed to the accomplishment of an object; as, an
effort to scale a wall.
We prize the stronger effort of his power. Pope.
2. (Mech.) A force acting on a body in the direction of its motion.
Rankine. Syn. -- Endeavor; exertion; struggle; strain; straining;
attempt; trial; essay. See Attempt.
Effort
Ef"fort, v. t. To stimulate. [Obs.] "He efforted his spirits." Fuller.
Effortless
Ef"fort*less, a. Making no effort. Southey.
Effossion
Ef*fos"sion (?), n. [L. effossio. See Effodient.] A digging out or up.
[R.] "The effossion of coins." Arbuthnot.
Effranchise
Ef*fran"chise (?), v. t. [Pref. ex- + franchise: cf. OF. esfranchir.]
To enfranchise.
Effray
Ef*fray" (?), v. t. [F. effrayer. See Affray.] To frighten; to scare.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Effrayable
Ef*fray"a*ble (?), a. Frightful. [Obs.] Harvey.
Effrenation
Ef`fre*na"tion (?), n. [L. effrenatio, fr. effrenare to unbridle; ex +
frenum a bridle.] Unbridled license; unruliness. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Effront
Ef*front" (?), v. t. To give assurance to. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Effrontery
Ef*front"er*y (?), n.; pl. Effronteries (#). [F. effronterie, fr.
effront\'82 shameless, fr. L. effrons, -ontis, putting forth the
forehead, i. e., barefaced, shameless; ex + frons the forehead. See
Front.] Impudence or boldness in confronting or in transgressing the
bounds of duty or decorum; insulting presumptuousness; shameless
boldness; barefaced assurance.
Corruption lost nothing of its effrontery. Bancroft.
Syn. -- Impudence; sauciness. See Impudence.
Effrontit
Ef*front"it (?), a. [F. effront\'82.] Marked by impudence. [Obs.] Jer.
Taylor.
Effrontuously
Ef*fron"tu*ous*ly (?; 135), adv. Impudently. [Obs.] R. North.
Effulge
Ef*fulge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effulged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effulging (?).] [L. effulgere to shine forth; ex + fulgere to flash,
shine. See Fulgent.] To cause to shine with abundance of light; to
radiate; to beam. [R.]
His eyes effulging a peculiar fire. Thomson.
Effulge
Ef*fulge", v. i. To shine forth; to beam.
Effulgence
Ef*ful"gence (?), n. The state of being effulgent; extreme brilliancy;
a flood of light; great luster or brightness; splendor.
The effulgence of his glory abides. Milton.
The bright and the balmy effulgence of morn. Beattie.
Effulgent
Ef*ful"gent (?), a. [L. effulgens, -entis, p. pr. of effulgere.]
Diffusing a flood of light; shining; luminous; beaming; bright;
splendid. "Effulgent rays of light." Cowper.
Effulgently
Ef*ful"gent*ly, adv. In an effulgent manner.
Effumability
Ef*fu`ma*bil"i*ty (?), n. The capability of flying off in fumes or
vapor. [Obs.] Boyle.
Effume
Ef*fume" (?), v. t. [L. effumare to emit smoke; ex + fumare to smoke,
fr. fumus smoke.] To breathe or puff out. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Effund
Ef*fund" (?), v. t. [L. effundere. See Effuse.] To pour out. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Effuse
Ef*fuse" (?), a. [L. effusus, p. p. of effundere to pour out; ex +
fundere to pour. See Fuse to melt.]
1. Poured out freely; profuse. [Obs.]
So should our joy be very effuse. Barrow.
2. Disposed to pour out freely; prodigal. [Obs.] Young.
3. (Bot.) Spreading loosely, especially on one side; as, an effuse
inflorescence. Loudon.
4. (Zo\'94l.) Having the lips, or edges, of the aperture abruptly
spreading; -- said of certain shells.
Effuse
Ef*fuse", n. Effusion; loss. "Much effuse of blood." Shak.
Effuse
Ef*fuse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effused (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effusing.] To pour out like a stream or freely; to cause to exude; to
shed. [R.]
With gushing blood effused. Milton.
Effuse
Ef*fuse", v. i. To emanate; to issue. Thomson.
Effusion
Ef*fu"sion (?), n. [L. effusio: cf. F. effusion.]
1. The act of pouring out; as, effusion of water, of blood, of grace,
of words, and the like.
To save the effusion of my people's blood. Dryden.
2. That which is poured out, literally or figuratively.
Wash me with that precious effusion, and I shall be whiter than
sow. Eikon Basilike.
The light effusions of a heedless boy. Byron.
3. (Pathol.) (a) The escape of a fluid out of its natural vessel,
either by rupture of the vessel, or by exudation through its walls. It
may pass into the substance of an organ, or issue upon a free surface.
(b) The liquid escaping or exuded.
Effusive
Ef*fu"sive (?), a. Pouring out; pouring forth freely. "Washed with the
effusive wave." Pope. Effusive rocks (Geol.), volcanic rocks, in
distinction from so-called intrusive, or plutonic, rocks. --
Ef*fu"sive*ly, adv. -- Ef*fu"sive*ness, n.
Efreet
Ef"reet (?), n. See Afrit.
Eft
Eft (?), n. [AS. efete lizard. See Newt.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European
lizard of the genus Seps. (b) A salamander, esp. the European smooth
newt (Triton punctatus).
Eft
Eft, adv. [AS. eft, \'91ft, again, back, afterward. See Aft, After.]
Again; afterwards; soon; quickly. [Obs.]
I wold never eft comen into the snare. Spenser.
Eftsoon, Eftsoons
Eft*soon" (?), Eft*soons" (?), adv. [OE. eftsone, eftsones; AS. eft +
s soon. See Eft, and Soon.] Again; anew; a second time; at once;
speedily. [Archaic]
And, if he fall from his capel [horse] eftsone. Chaucer.
The champion stout eftsoons dismounted. Spenser.
Egad
E*gad" (?), interj. [Euphemistic corruption of the oath, "by God."] An
exclamation expressing exultation or surprise, etc.
Egal
E"gal (?), a. [F. \'82gal. See Equal.] Equal; impartial. [Obs.] Shak.
Egality
E*gal"i*ty (?), n. [OE. egalite, F. \'82galit\'82.] Equality. Chaucer.
Tennyson.
Egean
E*ge"an (?), a. See \'92gean.
Egence
E"gence (?), n. [L. egens, -entis, p. pr. of egere to be needy, suffer
want.] The state of needing, or of suffering a natural want. [R.] J.
Grote.
Eger, Egre
E"ger (?), E"gre, a. [See Eager.] Sharp; bitter; acid; sour. [Obs.]
The egre words of thy friend. Chaucer.
Eger
E"ger, n. An impetuous flood; a bore. See Eagre.
Egerminate
E*ger"mi*nate (?), v. i. [From L. egerminare to sprout.] To germinate.
[Obs.]
Egest
E*gest" (?), v. t. [L. egestus, p. p. of egerere to carry out, to
discharge; e out + gerere to carry.] (Physiol.) To cast or throw out;
to void, as excrement; to excrete, as the indigestible matter of the
food; in an extended sense, to excrete by the lungs, skin, or kidneys.
Egesta
E*ges"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., neut. pl. from p. p. of L. egere. See
Egest.] (Physiol.) That which is egested or thrown off from the body
by the various excretory channels; excrements; -- opposed to ingesta.
Egestion
E*ges"tion (?), n. [L. egestio.] Act or process of egesting; a
voiding. Sir M. Hale.
Egg
Egg (?), n. [OE., fr. Icel. egg; akin to AS. \'91g (whence OE. ey),
Sw. \'84gg, Dan. \'91g, G. & D. ei, and prob. to OSlav. aje, jaje, L.
ovum, Gr. ugh, Gael. ubh, and perh. to L. avis bird. Cf. Oval.]
1. (Popularly) The oval or roundish body laid by domestic poultry and
other birds, tortoises, etc. It consists of a yolk, usually surrounded
by the "white" or albumen, and inclosed in a shell or strong membrane.
2. (Biol.) A simple cell, from the development of which the young of
animals are formed; ovum; germ cell.
3. Anything resembling an egg in form.
NOTE: &hand; Eg g is us ed ad jectively, or as the first part of
self-explaining compounds; as, egg beater or egg-beater, egg case,
egg ladle, egg-shaped, etc.
Egg and anchor (Arch.), an egg-shaped ornament, alternating with
another in the form of a dart, used to enrich the ovolo; -- called
also egg and dart, and egg and tongue. See Anchor, n., 5. Ogilvie. --
Egg cleavage (Biol.), a process of cleavage or segmentation, by which
the egg undergoes endogenous division with formation of a mass of
nearly similar cells, from the growth and differentiation of which the
new organism is ultimately formed. See Segmentation of the ovum, under
Segmentation. -- Egg development (Biol.), the process of the
development of an egg, by which the embryo is formed. -- Egg mite
(Zo\'94l.), any mite which devours the eggs of insects, as Nothrus
ovivorus, which destroys those of the canker worm. -- Egg parasite
(Zo\'94l.), any small hymenopterous insect, which, in the larval
stage, lives within the eggs of other insects. Many genera and species
are known.
Egg
Egg, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Egged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Egging (?).] [OE.
eggen, Icel. eggja, fr. egg edge. Edge.] To urge on; to instigate; to
incite
Adam and Eve he egged to ill. Piers Plowman.
[She] did egg him on to tell How fair she was. Warner.
Eggar
Eg"gar (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bombycid moth of
the genera Eriogaster and Lasiocampa; as, the oak eggar (L. roboris)
of Europe.
Egg-bird
Egg"-bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of tern, esp. the sooty tern
(Sterna fuliginosa) of the West Indies. In the Bahama Islands the name
is applied to the tropic bird, Pha\'89thon flavirostris.
Egg-cup
Egg"-cup` (?), n. A cup used for holding an egg, at table.
Eggement
Eg"ge*ment (?), n. [Egg, v. t. + -ment.] Instigation; incitement.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Egger
Egg"er (?), n. [See Egg, n.] One who gathers eggs; an eggler.
Egger
Egg"er, n. [See Egg, v. t.] One who eggs or incites.
Eggery
Egg"er*y (?), n. A place where eggs are deposited (as by sea birds) or
kept; a nest of eggs. [R.]
Egg-glass
Egg"-glass` (?), n. A small sandglass, running about three minutes,
for marking time in boiling eggs; also, a small glass for holding an
egg, at table.
Egghot
Egg"hot` (?), n. A kind of posset made of eggs, brandy, sugar, and
ale. Lamb.
Eggler
Egg"ler (?), n. One who gathers, or deals in, eggs.
Eggnog
Egg`nog" (?), n. A drink consisting of eggs beaten up with sugar,
milk, and (usually) wine or spirits.
Eggplant
Egg"plant` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Solanum Melongena), of East Indian
origin, allied to the tomato, and bearing a large, smooth, edible
fruit, shaped somewhat like an egg; mad-apple.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 474
Egg-shaped
Egg"-shaped` (?), a. Resembling an egg in form; ovoid.
Eggshell
Egg"shell` (?), n.
1. The shell or exterior covering of an egg. Also used figuratively
for anything resembling an eggshell.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A smooth, white, marine, gastropod shell of the genus
Ovulum, resembling an egg in form.
Egg squash
Egg" squash` (?). A variety of squash with small egg-shaped fruit.
Eghen
E"ghen (?), n. pl. Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Egilopical
Eg`i*lop"ic*al (?), a. [See \'92gilops.] (Med.) Pertaining to, of the
nature of, or affected with, an \'91gilops, or tumor in the corner of
the eye.
Egilops
Eg"i*lops (?), n. See \'92gilops.
Eglandulose; 135, Eglandulous
E*glan"du*lose` (?; 135), E*glan"du*lous (?), a. [Pref. e- +
glandulose, glandulosus.] Destitute of glands.
Eglantine
Eg"lan*tine (?), n. [F. \'82glantine, fr. OF. aiglent brier, hip tree,
fr. (assumed) LL. acuculentus, fr. a dim. of L. acus needle; cf. F.
aiguille needle. Cf. Aglet.] (Bot.) (a) A species of rose (Rosa
Eglanteria), with fragrant foliage and flowers of various colors. (b)
The sweetbrier (R. rubiginosa).
NOTE: &hand; Mi lton, in the following lines, has applied the name
to some twinning plant, perhaps the honeysuckle.
Through the sweetbrier, or the vine, Or the twisted eglantine.
L'Allegro, 47.
"In our early writers and in Gerarde and the herbalists, it was a
shrub with white flowers." Dr. Prior.
Eglatere
Eg"la*tere (?), n. Eglantine. [Obs. or R.] [Written also eglantere.]
Tennyson.
Egling
Eg"ling (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The European perch
when two years old. [Prov. Eng.]
Eglomerate
E*glom"er*ate (?), v. t. [Pref. e- + glomerate.] To unwind, as a
thread from a ball. [R.]
Ego
E"go (?), n. [L., I.] (Met.) The conscious and permanent subject of
all psychical experiences, whether held to be directly known or the
product of reflective thought; -- opposed to non-ego.
Egoical
E*go"i*cal (?), a. Pertaining to egoism. [R.]
Egoism
E"go*ism (?), n. [F. \'82go\'8bsme, fr. L. -ego I. See I, and cf.
Egotism.]
1. (Philos.) The doctrine of certain extreme adherents or disciples of
Descartes and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, which finds all the elements of
knowledge in the ego and the relations which it implies or provides
for.
2. Excessive love and thought of self; the habit of regarding one's
self as the center of every interest; selfishness; -- opposed to
altruism.
Egoist
E"go*ist, n. [F. \'82go\'8bste. See Egoism.]
1. One given overmuch to egoism or thoughts of self.
I, dullard egoist, taking no special recognition of such nobleness.
Carlyle.
2. (Philos.) A believer in egoism.
Egoistic, Egoistical
E`go*is"tic (?), E`go*is"tic*al (?), a. Pertaining to egoism; imbued
with egoism or excessive thoughts of self; self-loving.
Ill-natured feeling, or egoistic pleasure in making men miserable.
G. Eliot.
Egoistically
E`go*is"tic*al*ly, adv. In an egoistic manner.
Egoity
E*go"i*ty (?), n. Personality. [R.] Swift.
Egomism
E"go*mism (?), n. Egoism. [R.] A. Baxter.
Egophonic
E`go*phon"ic (?), a. Belonging to, or resembling, egophony.
Egophony
E*goph"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) The sound of a patient's voice so
modified as to resemble the bleating of a goat, heard on applying the
ear to the chest in certain diseases within its cavity, as in pleurisy
with effusion.
Egotheism
E"go*the`ism (?), n. [Gr. The deification of self. [R.]
Egotism
E"go*tism (?; 277), n. [L. ego I + ending -tism for -ism, prob.
influenced by other English words in -tism fr. the Greek, where t is
not part of the ending, as baptism. See Egoism.] The practice of too
frequently using the word I; hence, a speaking or writing overmuch of
one's self; self-exaltation; self-praise; the act or practice of
magnifying one's self or parading one's own doings. The word is also
used in the sense of egoism.
His excessive egotism, which filled all objects with himself.
Hazlitt.
Syn. -- Egotism, Self-conceit, Vanity, Egoism. Self-conceit is an
overweening opinion of one's talents, capacity, attractions, etc.;
egotism is the acting out of self-conceit, or self-importance, in
words and exterior conduct; vanity is inflation of mind arising from
the idea of being thought highly of by others. It shows itself by its
eagerness to catch the notice of others. Egoism is a state in which
the feelings are concentrated on one's self. Its expression is
egotism.
Egotist
E"go*tist (?), n. [L. ego I + ending -tist for -ist. See Egotism, and
cf. Egoist.] One addicted to egotism; one who speaks much of himself
or magnifies his own achievements or affairs.
Egotistic, Egotistical
E`go*tis"tic (?), E`go*tis"tic*al (?), a. Addicted to, or manifesting,
egotism. Syn. -- Conceited; vain; self-important; opinionated.
Egotistically
E`go*tis"tic*al*ly, adv. With egotism.
Egotize
E"go*tize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Egotized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Egotizing (?).] [See Egotism.] To talk or write as an egotist. Cowper.
Egranulose
E*gran"u*lose` (?), a. [Pref. e- + granule.] (Bot.) Having no
granules, as chlorophyll in certain conditions. R. Brown.
Egre
E"gre (?), a. & n. See Eager, and Eagre. [Obs.]
Egregious
E*gre"gious (?; 277), a. [L. egregius; lit., separated or chosen from
the herd, i. e., distinguished, excellent; e out + grex, gregis, herd.
See Gregarious.] Surpassing; extraordinary; distinguished (in a bad
sense); -- formerly used with words importing a good quality, but now
joined with words having a bad sense; as, an egregious rascal; an
egregious ass; an egregious mistake.
The egregious impudence of this fellow. Bp. Hall.
His [Wyclif's] egregious labors are not to be neglected. Milton.
Egregiously
E*gre"gious*ly (?), adv. Greatly; enormously; shamefully; as,
egregiously cheated.
Egregiousness
E*gre"gious*ness (?; 277), n. The state of being egregious.
Egremoin
Eg"re*moin (?), n. [See Agrimony.] Agrimony (Agrimonia Eupatoria).
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Egress
E"gress (?), n. [L. egressus, fr. egredi to go out; e out + gradi to
go. See Grade.]
1. The act of going out or leaving, or the power to leave; departure.
Embarred from all egress and regress. Holland.
Gates of burning adamant, Barred over us, prohibit all egress.
Milton.
2. (Astron.) The passing off from the sun's disk of an inferior
planet, in a transit.
Egress
E*gress" (?), v. i. To go out; to depart; to leave.
Egression
E*gres"sion (?), n. [L. egressio.] The act of going; egress. [R.] B.
Jonson.
Egressor
E*gress"or (?), n. One who goes out. [R.]
Egret
E"gret (?), n. [See Aigret, Heron.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The name of several species of herons which bear plumes
on the back. They are generally white. Among the best known species
are the American egret (Ardea, OR Herodias, egretta); the great egret
(A. alba); the little egret (A. garzetta), of Europe; and the American
snowy egret (A. candidissima).
A bunch of egrets killed for their plumage. G. W. Cable.
2. A plume or tuft of feathers worn as a part of a headdress, or
anything imitating such an ornament; an aigrette.
3. (Bot.) The flying feathery or hairy crown of seeds or achenes, as
the down of the thistle.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of ape.
Egrette
E*grette" (?), n. [See Aigrette.] Same as Egret, n.,
2.
Egrimony
Eg"ri*mo*ny (?), [Corrupted fr. agrimony.] (Bot.) The herb agrimony.
[Obs.]
Egrimony
Eg"ri*mo*ny, n. [L. aegrimonia.] Sorrow. [Obs.]
Egriot
E"gri*ot (?), n. [F. aigrette, griotte, formerly agriote; cf. aigre
sour.] A kind of sour cherry. Bacon.
Egritude
E"gri*tude (?), n. [L. aegritudo, fr. aeger sick.] Sickness; ailment;
sorrow. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
Egyptian
E*gyp"tian (?), a. [L. Aegyptius, Gr. Aegyptus) Egypt: cf. F.
\'82gyptien. Cf. Gypsy.] Pertaining to Egypt, in Africa. Egyptian
bean. (Bot.) (a) The beanlike fruit of an aquatic plant (Nelumbium
speciosum), somewhat resembling the water lily. (b) See under Bean,
1. --
Egyptian cross. See Illust. (No. 6) of Cross. -- Egyptian thorn
(Bot.), a medium-sized tree (Acacia vera). It is one of the chief
sources of the best gum arabic.
Egyptian
E*gyp"tian, n.
1. A native, or one of the people, of Egypt; also, the Egyptian
language.
2. A gypsy. [Obs.] Shak.
Egyptize
E"gypt*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Egyptized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Egyptizing (?).] To give an Egyptian character or appearance to.
Fairbairn.
Egyptologer, Egyptologist
E`gyp*tol"o*ger (?), E`gyp*tol"o*gist (?), n. One skilled in the
antiquities of Egypt; a student of Egyptology.
Egyptological
E*gyp`to*log"ic*al (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or devoted to,
Egyptology.
Egyptology
E`gyp*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Egypt + -logy.] The science or study of
Egyptian antiquities, esp. the hieroglyphics.
Eh
Eh (?), interj. [OE. ei, ey.] An expression of inquiry or slight
surprise.
Ehlite
Eh"lite (?), n. [From Ehl near Linz, where it occurs.] (Min.) A
mineral of a green color and pearly luster; a hydrous phosphate of
copper.
Eider
Ei"der (?), n. [Of Scand. origin, cf. Icel \'91; akin to Sw. eider,
Dan. ederfugl.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of sea duck of the genus
Somateria, esp. Somateria mollissima, which breeds in the northern
parts of Europe and America, and lines its nest with fine down (taken
from its own body) which is an article of commerce; -- called also
eider duck. The American eider (S. Dresseri), the king eider (S.
spectabilis), and the spectacled eider (Arctonetta Fischeri) are
related species. Eider down. [Cf. Icel. \'91\'ebard\'d4n, Sw.
eiderd\'d4n, Dan. ederduun.] Down of the eider duck, much sought after
as an article of luxury.
Eidograph
Ei"do*graph (?), n. [Gr. graph.] An instrument for copying drawings on
the same or a different scale; a form of the pantograph.
Eidolon
Ei*do"lon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Idol.] An image or representation; a
form; a phantom; an apparition. Sir W. Scott.
Eigh
Eigh (?), interj. An exclamation expressing delight.
Eight
Eight (?), n. [See Ait.] An island in a river; an ait. [Obs.] "Osiers
on their eights." Evelyn.
Eight
Eight, a. [AS. eahta; akin to OS. ahto, OFries. achta, D. & G. acht,
OHG. ahto, Icel. \'betta, Sw. \'86tta, Dan. otte, Goth. ahtau, Lith.
aszt, Ir. & Gael. ochd, W. wyth, Armor. eich, eiz, L. octo, Gr. ash.
Octave.] Seven and one; as, eight years.
Eight
Eight (?), n.
1. The number greater by a unit than seven; eight units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eight units, as 8 or viii.
Eighteen
Eight"een` (?), a. [AS. eahtat, eahtat. See Eight, and Ten, and cf.
Eighty.] Eight and ten; as, eighteen pounds.
Eighteen
Eight"een`, n.
1. The number greater by a unit than seventeen; eighteen units or
objects.
2. A symbol denoting eighteen units, as 18 or xviii.
Eighteenmo
Eight`een"mo (?), a. & n. See Octodecimo.
Eighteenth
Eight"eenth` (?), a. [From Eighteen.]
1. Next in order after the seventeenth.
2. Consisting of one of eighteen equal parts or divisions of a thing.
Eighteenth
Eight"eenth`, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by eighteen; one of eighteen equal
parts or divisions.
2. The eighth after the tenth.
Eightetethe
Eight"e*teth`e (?), a. [OE., fr. AS. eahtate\'a2; eahta eight + te\'a2
tenth. Cf. Eighteenth, Tenth.] Eighteenth. [Obs.]
Eightfold
Eight"fold` (?), a. Eight times a quantity.
Eighth
Eighth (?), a. [AS. eahto.]
1. Next in order after the seventh.
2. Consisting of one of eight equal divisions of a thing.
Eighth note (Mus.), the eighth part of a whole note, or semibreve; a
quaver.
Eighth
Eighth, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by eight; one of eight equal parts;
an eighth part.
2. (Mus.) The interval of an octave.
Eighthly
Eighth"ly, adv. As the eighth in order.
Eightieth
Eight"i*eth (?), a. [From Eighty.]
1. The next in order after seventy-ninth.
2. Consisting of one of eighty equal parts or divisions.
Eightieth
Eight"i*eth, n. The quotient of a unit divided by eighty; one of
eighty equal parts.
Eightling
Eight"ling (?), n. [Eight + -ling.] (Crystallog.) A compound or twin
crystal made up of eight individuals.
Eightscore
Eight"score` (?), a. & n. Eight times twenty; a hundred and sixty.
Eighty
Eight"y (?), a. [AS. eahtatig, where the ending -tig is akin to
English ten; cf. G. achtzig. See Eight, and Ten.] Eight times ten;
fourscore.
Eighty
Eight"y, n.
1. The sum of eight times ten; eighty units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eighty units, or ten eight times repeated, as
80 or lxxx.
Eigne
Eigne (?), a. [OF. aisn\'82, ainsn\'82, F. a\'8cn\'82, fr. L. ante
natus born before. Cf. Esnecy.]
1. (Law) Eldest; firstborn. Blackstone.
2. Entailed; belonging to the eldest son. [Obs.]
Bastard eigne, a bastard eldest son whose parents afterwards
intermarry.
Eiking
Eik"ing (?), n. (Naut.) See Eking.
Eikon
Ei"kon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. An image or effigy; -- used rather in an
abstract sense, and rarely for a work of art.
Eikosane
Ei"ko*sane (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A solid hydrocarbon, C20H42, of the
paraffine series, of artificial production, and also probably
occurring in petroleum.
Eikosylene
Ei*kos"y*lene (?), n. [Gr. ylene.] (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon,
C20H38, of the acetylene series, obtained from brown coal.
Eild
Eild (?), n. [See Eld.] Age. [Obs.] Fairfax.
Eire
Eire (?), n. Air. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eirenarch
Ei`re*narch (?), n. [See Irenarch.] (Gr. Antiq.) A justice of the
peace; irenarch.
Eirenic
Ei*ren"ic (?), a. Pacific. See Irenic.
Eirie
Ei"rie (?), n. See Aerie, and Eyrie.
Eisel
Ei"sel (?), n. [OF. aisil, aissil, fr. L. acet. Cf. Acetic.] Vinegar;
verjuice. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
Eisteddfod
Eis*tedd"fod (?), n. [W., session, fr. eistedd to sit.] Am assembly or
session of the Welsh bards; an annual congress of bards, minstrels and
literati of Wales, -- being a patriotic revival of the old custom.
Either
Ei"ther (?; 277), a. & pron. [OE. either, aither, AS. , (akin to OHG.
, MHG. iegeweder); \'be + ge + hw\'91 whether. See Each, and Whether,
and cf. Or, conj.]
1. One of two; the one or the other; -- properly used of two things,
but sometimes of a larger number, for any one.
Lepidus flatters both, Of both is flattered; but he neither loves,
Nor either cares for him. Shak.
Scarce a palm of ground could be gotten by either of the three.
Bacon.
There have been three talkers in Great British, either of whom
would illustrate what I say about dogmatists. Holmes.
2. Each of two; the one and the other; both; -- formerly, also, each
of any number.
His flowing hair In curls on either cheek played. Milton.
On either side . . . was there the tree of life. Rev. xxii. 2.
The extreme right and left of either army never engaged. Jowett
(Thucyd).
Either
Ei"ther, conj. Either precedes two, or more, co\'94rdinate words or
phrases, and is introductory to an alternative. It is correlative to
or.
Either he is talking, or he is pursuing, or he is in a journey, or
peradventure he sleepeth. 1 Kings xviii. 27.
Few writers hesitate to use either in what is called a triple
alternative; such as, We must either stay where we are, proceed, or
recede. Latham.
NOTE: &hand; Ei ther wa s fo rmerly so metimes us ed wi thout an y
correlation, and where we should now use or.
Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? either a vine,
figs?? James iii. 12.
Ejaculate
E*jac"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ejaculated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ejaculating.] [L. ejaculatus, p. p. of ejaculari to throw out; e out +
ejaculari to throw, fr. jaculum javelin, dart, fr. jacere to throw.
See Eject.]
1. To throw out suddenly and swiftly, as if a dart; to dart; to eject.
[Archaic or Technical]
Its active rays ejaculated thence. Blackmore.
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Page 475
2. To throw out, as an exclamation; to utter by a brief and sudden
impulse; as, to ejaculate a prayer.
Ejaculate
E*jac"u*late (?), v. i. To utter ejaculations; to make short and hasty
exclamations. [R.] "Ejaculating to himself." Sir W. Scott.
Ejaculation
E*jac`u*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82jaculation.]
1. The act of throwing or darting out with a sudden force and rapid
flight. [Archaic or Technical] "An ejaculation or irradiation of the
eye." Bacon.
2. The uttering of a short, sudden exclamation or prayer, or the
exclamation or prayer uttered.
In your dressing, let there be jaculations fitted to the several
actions of dressing. Jer. Taylor.
3. (Physiol.) The act of ejecting or suddenly throwing, as a fluid
from a duct.
Ejaculator
E*jac"u*la`tor (?), n. [NL. See Ejaculate.] (Anat.) A muscle which
helps ejaculation.
Ejaculatory
E*jac"u*la*to*ry (?), a.
1. Casting or throwing out; fitted to eject; as, ejaculatory vessels.
2. Suddenly darted out; uttered in short sentences; as, an ejaculatory
prayer or petition.
3. Sudden; hasty. [Obs.] "Ejaculatory repentances, that take us by
fits and starts." L'Estrange.
Eject
E*ject" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ejected; p. pr. & vb. n. Ejecting.]
[L. ejectus, p. p. of ejicere; e out + jacere to throw. See Jet a
shooting forth.]
1. To expel; to dismiss; to cast forth; to thrust or drive out; to
discharge; as, to eject a person from a room; to eject a traitor from
the country; to eject words from the language. "Eyes ejecting flame."
H. Brooke.
2. (Law) To cast out; to evict; to dispossess; as, to eject tenants
from an estate. Syn. -- To expel; banish; drive out; discharge; oust;
evict; dislodge; extrude; void.
Ejection
E*jec"tion (?), n. [L. ejectio: cf. F. \'82jection.]
1. The act of ejecting or casting out; discharge; expulsion;
evacuation. "Vast ejection of ashes." Eustace. "The ejection of a
word." Johnson.
2. (Physiol.) The act or process of discharging anything from the
body, particularly the excretions.
3. The state of being ejected or cast out; dispossession; banishment.
Ejectment
E*ject"ment (?), n.
1. A casting out; a dispossession; an expulsion; ejection; as, the
ejectment of tenants from their homes.
2. (Law) A species of mixed action, which lies for the recovery of
possession of real property, and damages and costs for the wrongful
withholding of it. Wharton.
Ejector
E*ject"or (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, ejects or dispossesses.
2. (Mech.) A jet jump for lifting water or withdrawing air from a
space.
Ejector condenser (Steam Engine), a condenser in which the vacuum is
maintained by a jet pump.
Ejoo
E"joo (?), n. [Malay \'c6j or h\'c6j.] Gomuti fiber. See Gomuti.
Ejulation
Ej`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. ejulatio, fr. ejulare to wail, lament.] A
wailing; lamentation. [Obs.] "Ejulation in the pangs of death."
Philips.
Ekabor, Ekaboron
Ek"a*bor` (?), Ek"a*bo"ron (?), n. [G., fr. Skr. one + G. bor, boron,
E. boron.] (Chem.) The name given by Mendelejeff in accordance with
the periodic law, and by prediction, to a hypothetical element then
unknown, but since discovered and named scandium; -- so called because
it was a missing analogue of the boron group. See Scandium.
Ekaluminium
Ek*al`u*min"i*um (?), n. [Skr. one + E. aluminium.] (Chem.) The name
given to a hypothetical element, -- later discovered and called
gallium. See Gallium, and cf. Ekabor.
Ekasilicon
Ek`a*sil"i*con (?), n. [Skr. one + E. silicon.] (Chem.) The name of a
hypothetical element predicted and afterwards discovered and named
germanium; -- so called because it was a missing analogue of the
silicon group. See Germanium, and cf. Ekkabor.
Eke
Eke (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eking.] [AS.
\'c7kan, \'dfkan; akin to OFries, \'beka, OS. , OHG. ouhh\'d3n to add,
Icel. auka to increase, Sw. \'94ka, Dan. \'94ge, Goth. aukan, L.
augere, Skr. strength, ugra mighty, and probably to English wax, v. i.
Cf. Augment, Nickname.] To increase; to add to; to augment; -- now
commonly used with out, the notion conveyed being to add to, or piece
out by a laborious, inferior, or scanty addition; as, to eke out a
scanty supply of one kind with some other. "To eke my pain." Spenser.
He eked out by his wits an income of barely fifty pounds. Macaulay.
Eke
Eke, adv. [AS. e\'a0c; akin to OFries. \'a0k, OS. , D. , OHG. ouh, G.
auch, Icel. auk, Sw. och and, Dan. og, Goth. auk for, but. Prob. from
the preceding verb.] In addition; also; likewise. [Obs. or Archaic]
'T will be prodigious hard to prove That this is eke the throne of
love. Prior.
A trainband captain eke was he Of famous London town. Cowper.
NOTE: &hand; Ek e se rves le ss to unite than to render prominent a
subjoined more important sentence or notion.
M\'84tzner.
Eke
Eke, n. An addition. [R.]
Clumsy ekes that may well be spared. Geddes.
Ekebergite
Ek"e*berg`ite (?), n. [From Ekeberg, a German.] (Min.) A variety of
scapolite.
Ekename
Eke"name` (?), n. [See Nickname.] An additional or epithet name; a
nickname. [Obs.]
Eking
Ek"ing (?), n. [From Eke, v. t.] (Shipbuilding) (a) A lengthening or
filling piece to make good a deficiency in length. (b) The carved work
under the quarter piece at the aft part of the quarter gallery.
[Written also eiking.]
E-la
E"-la` (?), n. Originally, the highest note in the scale of Guido;
hence, proverbially, any extravagant saying. "Why, this is above
E-la!" Beau. & Fl.
Elaborate
E*lab"o*rate (?), a. [L. elaboratus, p. p. of elaborare to work out; e
out + laborare to labor, labor labor. See Labor.] Wrought with labor;
finished with great care; studied; executed with exactness or
painstaking; as, an elaborate discourse; an elaborate performance;
elaborate research.
Drawn to the life in each elaborate page. Waller.
Syn. -- Labored; complicated; studied; perfected; high-wrought. --
E*lab"o*rate*ly, adv. -- E*lab"o*rate*ness, n.
Elaborate
E*lab"o*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elaborated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elaborating (?).]
1. To produce with labor
They in full joy elaborate a sigh, Young.
2. To perfect with painstaking; to improve or refine with labor and
study, or by successive operations; as, to elaborate a painting or a
literary work.
The sap is . . . still more elaborated and exalted as it circulates
through the vessels of the plant. Arbuthnot.
Elaboration
E*lab`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L. elaboratio: cf. F. \'82laboration.]
1. The act or process of producing or refining with labor; improvement
by successive operations; refinement.
2. (Physiol.) The natural process of formation or assimilation,
performed by the living organs in animals and vegetables, by which a
crude substance is changed into something of a higher order; as, the
elaboration of food into chyme; the elaboration of chyle, or sap, or
tissues.
Elaborative
E*lab"o*ra*tive (?), a. Serving or tending to elaborate; constructing
with labor and minute attention to details. Elaborative faculty
(Metaph.), the intellectual power of discerning relations and of
viewing objects by means of, or in, relations; the discursive faculty;
thought.
Elaborator
E*lab"o*ra`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, elaborates.
Elaboratory
E*lab"o*ra*to*ry (?), a. Tending to elaborate.
Elaboratory
E*lab"o*ra*to*ry, n. A laboratory. [Obs.]
El\'91agnus
E`l\'91*ag"nus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs or small
trees, having the foliage covered with small silvery scales; oleaster.
El\'91is
E*l\'91"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of palms.
NOTE: &hand; El \'91is Gu ineensis, the African oil palm, is a tree
twenty or thirty feet high, with immense pinnate leaves and large
masses of fruit. The berries are rather larger than olives, and
when boiled in water yield the orange-red palm oil.
El\'91olite
E*l\'91"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A variety of hephelite,
usually massive, of greasy luster, and gray to reddish color.
El\'91olite syenite, a kind of syenite characterized by the presence
of el\'91olite.
El\'91optene
E`l\'91*op"tene (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) The more liquid or volatile
portion of certain oily substance, as distinguished from stearoptene,
the more solid parts. [Written also elaoptene.]
Elaidate
E*la"i*date (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of elaidic acid.
Elaidic
E`la*id"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82la\'8bdique. See Elaine.] Relating to
oleic acid, or elaine. Elaidic acid (Chem.), a fatty acid isomeric
with oleic acid, and obtained from it by the action of nitrous acid.
Elaidin
E*la"i*din (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82la\'8bdine.] (Chem.) A solid isomeric
modification of olein.
Elaine, OR Elain
E*la"ine (?), OR E*la"in, n. [Gr. \'82la\'8bne.] (Chem.) Same as
Olein.
Elaiodic
E`lai*od"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Derived from castor oil; ricinoleic;
as, elaiodic acid. [R.]
Elaiometer
E`lai*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Chem.) An apparatus for
determining the amount of oil contained in any substance, or for
ascertaining the degree of purity of oil.
Elamite
E"lam*ite (?), n. A dweller in Flam (or Susiana), an ancient kingdom
of Southwestern Asia, afterwards a province of Persia.
Elamping
E*lamp"ing (?), a. [See Lamp.] Shining. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
(?), b. [F., fr. \'82lancer to dart.] Ardor inspired by passion or enthusiasm.
Elance
E*lance" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elancing (?).] [F. \'82lancer, OF. eslancier; pref. es- (L. ex) + F.
lancer to dart, throw, fr. lance.] To throw as a lance; to hurl; to
dart. [R.]
While thy unerring hand elanced . . . a dart. Prior.
Eland
E"land (?), n. [D. eland elk, of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. jelen stag,
Russ. ol\'82ne, Lith. elnis; perh. akin to E. elk.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A species of large South African antelope (Oreas canna).
It is valued both for its hide and flesh, and is rapidly disappearing
in the settled districts; -- called also Cape elk.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The elk or moose.
Elanet
E*la"net (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A kite of the genus Elanus.
Elaolite
E*la"o*lite (?), n. (Min.) See El\'91olite.
Elaoptene
E`la*op"tene (?), n. (Chem.) See El\'91optene.
Elaphine
El"a*phine (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, resembling, or
characteristic of, the stag, or Cervus elaphus.
Elaphure
El"a*phure (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of deer (Elaphurus Davidianus)
found in china. It about four feet high at the shoulder and has
peculiar antlers.
Elapidation
E*lap`i*da"tion (?), n. [L. elapidatus cleared from stones; e out +
lapis stone.] A clearing away of stones. [R.]
Elapine
El"a*pine (?), a. [See Elaps.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the
Elapid\'91, a family of poisonous serpents, including the cobras. See
Ophidia.
Elaps
E"laps (?), n. [NL., of uncertain origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
venomous snakes found both in America and the Old World. Many species
are known. See Coral snake, under Coral.
Elapse
E*lapse" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Elapsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elapsing.] [L. elapsus, p. p. of elabi to glide away; e out + labi to
fall, slide. See Lapse.] To slip or glide away; to pass away silently,
as time; -- used chiefly in reference to time.
Eight days elapsed; at length a pilgrim came. Hoole.
Elapsion
E*lap"sion (?), n. The act of elapsing. [R.]
Elaqueate
E*la"que*ate (?), v. t. [L. elaqueatus, p. p. of elaqueare to
unfetter.] To disentangle. [R.]
Elasipoda
El`a*sip"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of
holothurians mostly found in the deep sea. They are remarkable for
their bilateral symmetry and curious forms. [Written also Elasmopoda.]
Elasmobranch
E*las"mo*branch (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Elasmobranchii. -- n. One of the Elasmobranchii.
Elasmobranchiate
E*las`mo*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
Elasmobranchii. -- n. One of the Elasmobranchii.
Elasmobranchii
E*las`mo*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. branchia a gill.]
(Zo\'94l.) A subclass of fishes, comprising the sharks, the rays, and
the Chim\'91ra. The skeleton is mainly cartilaginous.
Elasmosaurus
E*las`mo*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct,
long-necked, marine, cretaceous reptile from Kansas, allied to
Plesiosaurus.
Elastic
E*las"tic (?), a. [Formed fr. Gr. alacer lively, brisk, and E.
alacrity: cf. F. \'82lastique.]
1. Springing back; having a power or inherent property of returning to
the form from which a substance is bent, drawn, pressed, or twisted;
springy; having the power of rebounding; as, a bow is elastic; the air
is elastic; India rubber is elastic.
Capable of being drawn out by force like a piece of elastic gum,
and by its own elasticity returning, when the force is removed, to
its former position. Paley.
2. Able to return quickly to a former state or condition, after being
depressed or overtaxed; having power to recover easily from shocks and
trials; as, elastic spirits; an elastic constitution.
Elastic bitumen. (Min.) See Elaterite. -- Elastic curve. (a) (Geom.)
The curve made by a thin elastic rod fixed horizontally at one end and
loaded at the other. (b) (Mech.) The figure assumed by the
longitudinal axis of an originally straight bar under any system of
bending forces. Rankine. -- Elastic fluids, those which have the
property of expanding in all directions on the removal of external
pressure, as the air, steam, and other gases and vapors. -- Elastic
limit (Mech.), the limit of distortion, by bending, stretching, etc.,
that a body can undergo and yet return to its original form when
relieved from stress; also, the unit force or stress required to
produce this distortion. Within the elastic limit the distortion is
directly proportional to the stress producing it. -- Elastic tissue
(Anat.), a variety of connective tissue consisting of a network of
slender and very elastic fibers which are but slightly affected by
acids or alkalies. -- Gum elastic, caoutchouc.
Elastic
E*las"tic, n. An elastic woven fabric, as a belt, braces or
suspenders, etc., made in part of India rubber. [Colloq.]
Elastical
E*las"tic*al (?), a. Elastic. [R.] Bentley.
Elastically
E*las"tic*al*ly, adv. In an elastic manner; by an elastic power; with
a spring.
Elasticity
E`las*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lasticit\'82.]
1. The quality of being elastic; the inherent property in bodies by
which they recover their former figure or dimensions, after the
removal of external pressure or altering force; springiness; tendency
to rebound; as, the elasticity of caoutchouc; the elasticity of the
air.
2. Power of resistance to, or recovery from, depression or overwork.
Coefficient of elasticity, the quotient of a stress (of a given kind),
by the strain (of a given kind) which it produces; -- called also
coefficient of resistance. -- Surface of elasticity (Geom.), the pedal
surface of an ellipsoid (see Pedal); a surface used in explaining the
phenomena of double refraction and their relation to the elastic force
of the luminous ether in crystalline media.
Elasticness
E*las"tic*ness (?), n. The quality of being elastic; elasticity.
Elastin
E*las"tin (?), n. [Elastic + -in.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous
substance, somewhat resembling albumin, which forms the chemical basis
of elastic tissue. It is very insoluble in most fluids, but is
gradually dissolved when digested with either pepsin or trypsin.
Elate
E*late" (?), a. [L. elatus elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure,
perh., being borrowed from a prancing horse); e out + latus (used as
p. p. of ferre to bear), for tlatus, and akin to E. tolerate. See
Tolerate, and cf. Extol.]
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1. Lifted up; raised; elevated.
With upper lip elate. Fenton.
And sovereign law, that State's collected will, O'er thrones and
globes, elate, Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill. Sir W.
Jones.
2. Having the spirits raised by success, or by hope; flushed or
exalted with confidence; elated; exultant.
O, thoughtless mortals! ever blind to fate, Too soon dejected, and
dejected, and too soon elate. Pope.
Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its own esteem,
wonderfully elate at its progress. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
Syn. -- Puffed up; lofty; proud; haughty; exalted; inspirited;
transported; delighted; overjoyed.
Elate
E*late" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elating.]
1. To raise; to exalt. [R.]
By the potent sun elated high. Thomson.
2. To exalt the spirit of; to fill with confidence or exultation; to
elevate or flush with success; to puff up; to make proud.
Foolishly elated by spiritual pride. Warburton.
You ought not be elated at the chance mishaps of your enemies.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Elatedly
E*lat"ed*ly (?), adv. With elation.
Elatedness
E*lat"ed*ness, n. The state of being elated.
Elater
E*lat"er (?), n. One who, or that which, elates.
Elater
El"a*ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Bot.) An elastic spiral filament for dispersing the spores, as in
some liverworts.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any beetle of the family Elaterid\'91, having the habit,
when laid on the back, of giving a sudden upward spring, by a quick
movement of the articulation between the abdomen and thorax; -- called
also click beetle, spring beetle, and snapping beetle.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The caudal spring used by Podura and related insects for
leaping. See Collembola.
Elater
El"a*ter (?), n. (Chem.) The active principle of elaterium, being
found in the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium
agreste, formerly Motordica Elaterium) and other related species. It
is extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance, which is a
violent purgative.
Elaterite
El"a*ter*ite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral resin, of a blackish brown
color, occurring in soft, flexible masses; -- called also mineral
caoutchouc, and elastic bitumen.
Elaterium
El`a*te"ri*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Elater.] A cathartic substance
obtained, in the form of yellowish or greenish cakes, as the dried
residue of the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium
agreste, formerly called Momordica Elaterium).
Elaterometer
El`a*ter*om"e*ter (?), n. Same as Elatrometer.
Elatery
El"a*ter*y (?), n. [See 2d Elater.] Acting force; elasticity. [Obs.]
Ray.
Elation
E*la"tion (?), n. [L. elatio. See Elate.] A lifting up by success;
exaltation; inriation with pride of prosperity. "Felt the elation of
triumph." Sir W. Scott.
Elative
E*la"tive (?), a. (Gram.) Raised; lifted up; -- a term applied to what
is also called the absolute superlative, denoting a high or intense
degree of a quality, but not excluding the idea that an equal degree
may exist in other cases.
Elatrometer
El`a*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for
measuring the degree of rarefaction of air contained in the receiver
of an air pump. [Spelt also elaterometer.]
Elayl
E*la"yl (?), n. [Gr. yl.] (Chem.) Olefiant gas or ethylene; -- so
called by Berzelius from its forming an oil combining with chlorine.
[Written also elayle.] See Ethylene.
Elbow
El"bow (?), n. [AS. elboga, elnboga (akin to D. elleboga, OHG.
elinbogo, G. ellbogen, ellenbogen, Icel. ; prop.; arm-bend); eln ell
(orig., forearm) + boga a bending. See 1st Ell, and 4th Bow.]
1. The joint or bend of the arm; the outer curve in the middle of the
arm when bent.
Her arms to the elbows naked. R. of Gloucester.
2. Any turn or bend like that of the elbow, in a wall, building, and
the like; a sudden turn in a line of coast or course of a river; also,
an angular or jointed part of any structure, as the raised arm of a
chair or sofa, or a short pipe fitting, turning at an angle or bent.
3. (Arch.) A sharp angle in any surface of wainscoting or other
woodwork; the upright sides which flank any paneled work, as the sides
of windows, where the jamb makes an elbow with the window back. Gwilt.
NOTE: &hand; Elbow is used adjectively or as part of a compound, to
denote something shaped like, or acting like, an elbow; as, elbow
joint; elbow tongs or elbow-tongs; elbowroom, elbow-room, or elbow
room.
At the elbow, very near; at hand. -- Elbow grease, energetic
application of force in manual labor. [Low] -- Elbow in the hawse
(Naut.), the twisting together of two cables by which a vessel rides
at anchor, caused by swinging completely round once. Totten. -- Elbow
scissors (Surg.), scissors bent in the blade or shank for convenience
in cutting. Knight. -- Out at elbow, with coat worn through at the
elbows; shabby; in needy circumstances.
Elbow
El"bow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elbowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elbowing.] To
push or hit with the elbow, as when one pushes by another.
They [the Dutch] would elbow our own aldermen off the Royal
Exchange. Macaulay.
To elbow one's way, to force one's way by pushing with the elbows; as,
to elbow one's way through a crowd.
Elbow
El"bow (?), v. i.
1. To jut into an angle; to project or to bend after the manner of an
elbow.
2. To push rudely along; to elbow one's way. "Purseproud, elbowing
Insolence." Grainger.
Elbowboard
El"bow*board` (?), n. The base of a window casing, on which the elbows
may rest.
Elbowchair
El"bow*chair` (?), n. A chair with arms to support the elbows; an
armchair. Addison.
Elbowroom
El"bow*room` (?), n. Room to extend the elbows on each side; ample
room for motion or action; free scope. "My soul hath elbowroom." Shak.
Then came a stretch of grass and a little more elbowroom. W. G.
Norris.
Elcaja
El*ca"ja (?), n. [Ar.] (Bot.) An Arabian tree (Trichilia emetica). The
fruit, which is emetic, is sometimes employed in the composition of an
ointment for the cure of the itch.
Elcesaite
El*ce"sa*ite (?), n. [From Elcesai, the leader of the sect.] (Eccl.)
One of a sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the time of the Emperor Trajan.
Eld
Eld (?), a. [AS. eald.] Old. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eld
Eld, n. [AS. yldu, yldo, eldo, old age, fr. ald, eald, old. See Old.]
1. Age; esp., old age. [Obs. or Archaic]
As sooth is said, eelde hath great avantage. Chaucer.
Great Nature, ever young, yet full of eld. Spenser.
2. Old times; former days; antiquity. [Poetic]
Astrologers and men of eld. Longfellow.
Eld
Eld, v. i. To age; to grow old. [Obs.]
Eld
Eld, v. t. To make old or ancient. [Obs.]
Time, that eldeth all things. Rom. of R.
Elder
Eld"er (?), a. [AS. yldra, compar. of eald old. See Old.]
1. Older; more aged, or existing longer.
Let the elder men among us emulate their own earlier deeds. Jowett
(Thucyd. )
2. Born before another; prior in years; senior; earlier; older; as,
his elder brother died in infancy; -- opposed to younger, and now
commonly applied to a son, daughter, child, brother, etc.
The elder shall serve the younger. Gen. xxv. 23.
But ask of elder days, earth's vernal hour. Keble.
Elder hand (Card Playing), the hand playing, or having the right to
play, first. Hoyle.
Elder
Eld"er, n. [AS. ealdor an elder, prince, fr. eald old. See Old, and
cf. Elder, a., Alderman.]
1. One who is older; a superior in age; a senior. 1 Tim. v. 1.
2. An aged person; one who lived at an earlier period; a predecessor.
Carry your head as your elders have done. L'Estrange.
3. A person who, on account of his age, occupies the office of ruler
or judge; hence, a person occupying any office appropriate to such as
have the experience and dignity which age confers; as, the elders of
Israel; the elders of the synagogue; the elders in the apostolic
church.
NOTE: &hand; In th e mo dern Presbyterian churches, elders are lay
officers who, with the minister, compose the church session, with
authority to inspect and regulate matters of religion and
discipline. In some churches, pastors or clergymen are called
elders, or presbyters.
4. (M. E. Ch.) A clergyman authorized to administer all the
sacraments; as, a traveling elder.
Presiding elder (Meth. Ch.), an elder commissioned by a bishop to have
the oversight of the churches and preachers in a certain district. --
Ruling elder, a lay presbyter or member of a Presbyterian church
session. Schaff.
Elder
El"der (?), n. [OE. ellern, eller, AS. ellen, cf. LG. elloorn; perh.
akin to OHG. holantar, holuntar, G. holunder; or perh. to E. alder,
n.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs (Sambucus) having broad umbels of white
flowers, and small black or red berries.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon No rth Am erican sp ecies is Sa mbucus
Canadensis; the common European species (S. nigra) forms a small
tree. The red-berried elder is S. pubens. The berries are
diaphoretic and aperient.
Box elder. See under 1st Box. -- Dwarf elder. See Danewort. -- Elder
tree. (Bot.) Same as Elder. Shak. -- Marsh elder, the cranberry tree
Viburnum Opulus).
Elderish
Eld"er*ish (?), a. Somewhat old; elderly. [R.]
Elderly
Eld"er*ly, a. Somewhat old; advanced beyond middle age; bordering on
old age; as, elderly people.
Eldern
El"dern (?), a. Made of elder. [Obs.]
He would discharge us as boys do eldern guns. Marston.
Eldership
Eld"er*ship (?), n.
1. The state of being older; seniority. "Paternity an eldership." Sir
W. Raleigh.
2. Office of an elder; collectively, a body of elders.
Elderwort
El"der*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Danewort.
Eldest
Eld"est (?), a. [AS. yldest, superl. of eald old. See Elder, a.]
1. Oldest; longest in duration. Shak.
2. Born or living first, or before the others, as a son, daughter,
brother, etc.; first in origin. See Elder. "My lady's eldest son."
Shak.
Their eldest historians are of suspected credit. Bp. Stillingfleet.
Eldest hand (Card Playing), the player on the dealer's left hand. R.
A. Proctor.
Elding
El"ding (?), n. [Icel. elding, fr. elda to kindle, eldr fire; akin to
AS. \'91ld fire, \'91lan to burn.] Fuel. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
El Dorado
El` Do*ra"do (?), pl. El Doradoes (. [Sp., lit., the gilt (sc. land);
el the + dorado gilt, p. p. of dorare to gild. Cf. Dorado.]
1. A name given by the Spaniards in the 16th century to an imaginary
country in the interior of South America, reputed to abound in gold
and precious stones.
2. Any region of fabulous wealth; exceeding richness.
The whole comedy is a sort of El Dorado of wit. T. Moore.
Eldritch
El"dritch (?), a. Hideous; ghastly; as, an eldritch shriek or laugh.
[Local, Eng.]
Eleatic
E`le*at"ic (?), a. [L. eleaticus, from Elea (or Velia) in Italy.] Of
or pertaining to a certain school of Greek philosophers who taught
that the only certain science is that which owes nothing to the
senses, and all to the reason. -- n. A philosopher of the Eleatic
school.
Eleaticism
E`le*at"i*cism (?), n. The Eleatic doctrine.
Elecampane
El`e*cam*pane" (?), n. [F. \'82nulecampane, NL. inula campana; L.
inula elecampane + LL. campana a bell; cf. G. glockenwurz, i. e.,
"bellwort."]
1. (Bot.) A large, coarse herb (Inula Helenium), with composite yellow
flowers. The root, which has a pungent taste, is used as a tonic, and
was formerly of much repute as a stomachic.
2. A sweetmeat made from the root of the plant.
Elect
E*lect" (?), a. [L. electus, p. p. of eligere to elect; e out + legere
to choose. See Legend, and cf. Elite, Eclectic.]
1. Chosen; taken by preference from among two or more. "Colors quaint
elect." Spenser.
2. (Theol.) Chosen as the object of mercy or divine favor; set apart
to eternal life. "The elect angels." 1 Tim. v. 21.
3. Chosen to an office, but not yet actually inducted into it; as,
bishop elect; governor or mayor elect.
Elect
E*lect", n.
1. One chosen or set apart.
Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul
delighteth. Is. xlii. 1.
2. pl. (Theol.) Those who are chosen for salvation.
Shall not God avenge his won elect? Luke xviii. 7.
Elect
E*lect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elected; p. pr. & vb. n. Electing.]
1. To pick out; to select; to choose.
The deputy elected by the Lord. Shak.
2. To select or take for an office; to select by vote; as, to elect a
representative, a president, or a governor.
3. (Theol.) To designate, choose, or select, as an object of mercy or
favor. Syn. -- To choose; prefer; select. See Choose.
Electant
E*lect"ant (?), n. [L. electans, p. pr. of electare.] One who has the
power of choosing; an elector. [R.]
Electary
E*lec"ta*ry (?), n. (Med.) See Electuary.
Electic
E*lec"tic (?), a. See Eclectic.
Electicism
E*lec"ti*cism (?), n. See Eclecticism.
Election
E*lec"tion (?), n. [F. \'82lection, L. electio, fr. eligere to choose
out. See Elect, a.]
1. The act of choosing; choice; selection.
2. The act of choosing a person to fill an office, or to membership in
a society, as by ballot, uplifted hands, or viva voce; as, the
election of a president or a mayor.
Corruption in elections is the great enemy of freedom. J. Adams.
3. Power of choosing; free will; liberty to choose or act. "By his own
election led to ill." Daniel.
4. Discriminating choice; discernment. [Obs.]
To use men with much difference and election is good. Bacon.
5. (Theol.) Divine choice; predestination of individuals as objects of
mercy and salvation; -- one of the "five points" of Calvinism.
There is a remnant according to the election of grace. Rom. xi. 5.
6. (Law) The choice, made by a party, of two alternatives, by taking
one of which, the chooser is excluded from the other.
7. Those who are elected. [Obs.]
The election hath obtained it. Rom. xi. 7.
To contest an election. See under Contest. -- To make one's election,
to choose.
He has made his election to walk, in the main, in the old paths.
Fitzed. Hall.
Electioneer
E*lec`tion*eer" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Electionered (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Electioneering.] To make interest for a candidate at an
election; to use arts for securing the election of a candidate.
A master of the whole art of electioneering. Macaulay.
Electioneerer
E*lec`tion*eer"er (?), n. One who electioneers.
Elective
E*lect"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82lectif.]
1. Exerting the power of choice; selecting; as, an elective act.
2. Pertaining to, or consisting in, choice, or right of choosing;
electoral.
The independent use of their elective franchise. Bancroft.
3. Dependent on choice; bestowed or passing by election; as, an
elective study; an elective office.
Kings of Rome were at first elective; . . . for such are the
conditions of an elective kingdom. Dryden.
Elective affinity OR attraction (Chem.), a tendency to unite with
certain things; chemism.
Elective
E*lect"ive, n. In an American college, an optional study or course of
study. [Colloq.]
Electively
E*lect"ive*ly, adv. In an elective manner; by choice.
Elector
E*lect"or (?), n. [L., fr. eligere: cf. F. \'82lecteur.]
1. One who elects, or has the right of choice; a person who is
entitled to take part in an election, or to give his vote in favor of
a candidate for office.
2. Hence, specifically, in any country, a person legally qualified to
vote.
3. In the old German empire, one of the princes entitled to choose the
emperor.
4. One of the persons chosen, by vote of the people in the United
States, to elect the President and Vice President.
Elector
E*lect"or (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82lectoral.] Pertaining to an election or
to electors.
In favor of the electoral and other princes. Burke.
Electoral college, the body of princes formerly entitled to elect the
Emperor of Germany; also, a name sometimes given, in the United
States, to the body of electors chosen by the people to elect the
President and Vice President.
Electorality
E*lect`or*al"i*ty (?), n. The territory or dignity of an elector;
electorate. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 477
Electorate
E*lect"or*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectorat.]
1. The territory, jurisdiction, or dignity of an elector, as in the
old German empire.
2. The whole body of persons in a nation or state who are entitled to
vote in an election, or any distinct class or division of them.
The middle-class electorate of Great Britain. M. Arnold.
Electoress
E*lect"or*ess (?), n. [Fem. of Elector.] An electress. Bp. Burnet.
Electorial
E`lec*to"ri*al (?), a. Electoral. Burke.
Electorship
E*lect"or*ship (?), n. The office or status of an elector.
Electre, Electer
E*lec"tre, E*lec"ter (?), n. [L. electrum: cf. F. \'82lectre mixture
of gold and silver. See Electrum.]
1. Amber. See Electrum. [Obs.]
2. A metallic substance compounded of gold and silver; an alloy.
[Obs.] Wyclif.
Electrepeter
E`lec*trep"e*ter (?), n. [Electro + Gr. An instrument used to change
the direction of electric currents; a commutator. [R.]
Electress
E*lect"ress (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectrice. Cf. Electoress.] The wife or
widow of an elector in the old German empire. Burke.
Electric, Electrical
E*lec"tric (?), E*lec"tric*al (?), a. [L. electrum amber, a mixed
metal, Gr. arc to beam, shine: cf. F. \'82lectrique. The name came
from the production of electricity by the friction of amber.]
1. Pertaining to electricity; consisting of, containing, derived from,
or produced by, electricity; as, electric power or virtue; an electric
jar; electric effects; an electric spark.
2. Capable of occasioning the phenomena of electricity; as, an
electric or electrical machine or substance.
3. Electrifying; thrilling; magnetic. "Electric Pindar." Mrs.
Browning.
Electric atmosphere, OR Electric aura. See under Aura. -- Electrical
battery. See Battery. -- Electrical brush. See under Brush. --
Electric cable. See Telegraph cable, under Telegraph. -- Electric
candle. See under Candle. -- Electric cat (Zo\'94l.), one of three or
more large species of African catfish of the genus Malapterurus (esp.
M. electricus of the Nile). They have a large electrical organ and are
able to give powerful shocks; -- called also sheathfish. -- Electric
clock. See under Clock, and see Electro-chronograph. -- Electric
current, a current or stream of electricity traversing a closed
circuit formed of conducting substances, or passing by means of
conductors from one body to another which is in a different electrical
state. -- Electric, OR Electrical, eel (Zo\'94l.), a South American
eel-like fresh-water fish of the genus Gymnotus (G. electricus), from
two to five feet in length, capable of giving a violent electric
shock. See Gymnotus. -- Electrical fish (Zo\'94l.), any fish which has
an electrical organ by means of which it can give an electrical shock.
The best known kinds are the torpedo, the gymnotus, or electrical eel,
and the electric cat. See Torpedo, and Gymnotus. -- Electric fluid,
the supposed matter of electricity; lightning. -- Electrical image
(Elec.), a collection of electrical points regarded as forming, by an
analogy with optical phenomena, an image of certain other electrical
points, and used in the solution of electrical problems. Sir W.
Thomson. -- Electrical light, the light produced by a current of
electricity which in passing through a resisting medium heats it to
incandescence or burns it. See under Carbon. -- Electric, OR
Electrical, machine, an apparatus for generating, collecting, or
exciting, electricity, as by friction. -- Electric motor. See
Electro-motor,
2. --
Electric osmose. (Physics) See under Osmose. -- Electric pen, a hand
pen for making perforated stencils for multiplying writings. It has a
puncturing needle driven at great speed by a very small
magneto-electric engine on the penhandle. -- Electric railway, a
railway in which the machinery for moving the cars is driven by an
electric current. -- Electric ray (Zo\'94l.), the torpedo. -- Electric
telegraph. See Telegraph.
Electric
E*lec"tric (?), n. (Physics) A nonconductor of electricity, as amber,
glass, resin, etc., employed to excite or accumulate electricity.
Electrically
E*lec"tric*al*ly (?), adv. In the manner of electricity, or by means
of it; thrillingly.
Electricalness
E*lec"tric*al*ness, a. The state or quality of being electrical.
Electrician
E`lec*tri"cian (?), n. An investigator of electricity; one versed in
the science of electricity.
Electricity
E`lec*tric"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Electricities (#). [Cf. F.
\'82lectricit\'82. See Electric.]
1. A power in nature, a manifestation of energy, exhibiting itself
when in disturbed equilibrium or in activity by a circuit movement,
the fact of direction in which involves polarity, or opposition of
properties in opposite directions; also, by attraction for many
substances, by a law involving attraction between surfaces of unlike
polarity, and repulsion between those of like; by exhibiting
accumulated polar tension when the circuit is broken; and by producing
heat, light, concussion, and often chemical changes when the circuit
passes between the poles or through any imperfectly conducting
substance or space. It is generally brought into action by any
disturbance of molecular equilibrium, whether from a chemical,
physical, or mechanical, cause.
NOTE: &hand; El ectricity is ma nifested under following different
forms: (a)
Statical electricity, called also Frictional OR Common, electricity,
electricity in the condition of a stationary charge, in which the
disturbance is produced by friction, as of glass, amber, etc., or by
induction. (b) Dynamical electricity, called also Voltaic electricity,
electricity in motion, or as a current produced by chemical
decomposition, as by means of a voltaic battery, or by mechanical
action, as by dynamo-electric machines. (c) Thermoelectricity, in
which the disturbing cause is heat (attended possibly with some
chemical action). It is developed by uniting two pieces of unlike
metals in a bar, and then heating the bar unequally. (d) Atmospheric
electricity, any condition of electrical disturbance in the atmosphere
or clouds, due to some or all of the above mentioned causes. (e)
Magnetic electricity, electricity developed by the action of magnets.
(f) Positive electricity, the electricity that appears at the positive
pole or anode of a battery, or that is produced by friction of glass;
-- called also vitreous electricity. (g) Negative electricity, the
electricity that appears at the negative pole or cathode, or is
produced by the friction of resinous substance; -- called also
resinous electricity. (h) Organic electricity, that which is developed
in organic structures, either animal or vegetable, the phrase animal
electricity being much more common.
2. The science which unfolds the phenomena and laws of electricity;
electrical science.
3. Fig.: Electrifying energy or characteristic.
Electrifiable
E*lec"tri*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of receiving electricity, or of
being charged with it.
Electrification
E*lec`tri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. (Physics) The act of electrifying, or the
state of being charged with electricity.
Electrify
E*lec"tri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electrifying.] [Electric + -fy.]
1. To communicate electricity to; to charge with electricity; as, to
electrify a jar.
2. To cause electricity to pass through; to affect by electricity; to
give an electric shock to; as, to electrify a limb, or the body.
3. To excite suddenly and violently, esp. by something highly
delightful or inspiriting; to thrill; as, this patriotic sentiment
electrified the audience.
If the sovereign were now to immure a subject in defiance of the
writ of habeas corpus . . . the whole nation would be instantly
electrified by the news. Macaulay.
Try whether she could electrify Mr. Grandcourt by mentioning it to
him at table. G. Eliot.
Electrify
E*lec"tri*fy, v. i. To become electric.
Electrine
E*lec"trine (?), a. [L. electrinus of amber. See Electric.]
1. Belonging to, or made of, amber.
2. Made of electrum, an alloy used by the ancients.
Electrition
E`lec*tri"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The recognition by an animal body of
the electrical condition of external objects.
Electrization
E*lec`tri*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectrisation.] The act of
electrizing; electrification.
Electrize
E*lec"trize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electrizing (?).] [Cf. F. \'82lectriser.] To electricity. Eng. Cyc.
Electrizer
E*lec"tri`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, electrizes.
Electro-
E*lec"tro- (?). [L. electrum amber. See Electric.] A prefix or
combining form signifying pertaining to electricity, produced by
electricity, producing or employing electricity, etc.; as,
electro-negative; electro-dynamic; electro-magnet.
Electro
E*lec"tro, n. An electrotype.
Electro-ballistic
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tic (?), a. Pertaining to electro-ballistics.
Electro-ballistics
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tics (?), n. The art or science of measuring the
force or velocity of projectiles by means of electricity.
Electro-biologist
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gist (?), n. (Biol.) One versed in electro-biology.
Electro-biology
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gy (?), n. (Biol.)
1. That branch of biology which treats of the electrical phenomena of
living organisms.
2. That phase of mesmerism or animal magnetism, the phenomena of which
are supposed to be produced by a form of electricity.
Electro-bioscopy
E*lec`tro-bi*os"co*py (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. -scopy.] (Biol.) A
method of determining the presence or absence of life in an animal
organism with a current of electricity, by noting the presence or
absence of muscular contraction.
Electro-capillarity
E*lec`tro-cap`il*lar"i*ty (?), n. (Physics) The occurrence or
production of certain capillary effects by the action of an electrical
current or charge.
Electro-capillary
E*lec`tro-cap"il*la*ry (?), a. (Physics) Pert. to, or caused by,
electro-capillarity.
Electro-chemical
E*lec`tro-chem"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to electro-chemistry.
Ure.
Electro-chemistry
E*lec`tro-chem"is*try (?), n. That branch of science which treats of
the relation of electricity to chemical changes.
Electro-chronograph
E*lec`tro-chron"o*graph (?), n. (Astron. Physics) An instrument for
obtaining an accurate record of the time at which any observed
phenomenon occurs, or of its duration. It has an electro-magnetic
register connected with a clock. See Chronograph.
Electro-chronographic
E*lec`tro-chron`o*graph"ic (?), a. Belonging to the
electro-chronograph, or recorded by the aid of it.
Electrocute
E*lec"tro*cute` (?), v. t. [Electro- + cute in execute.] To execute or
put to death by electricity. -- E*lec`tro*cu"tion, n.
NOTE: [Recent; Newspaper words]
Electrode
E*lec"trode (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. \'82lectrode.] (Elec.) The path by
which electricity is conveyed into or from a solution or other
conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires or conductors, leading
from source of electricity, and terminating in the medium traversed by
the current.
Electro-dynamic, Electro-dynamical
E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic (?), E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic*al (?), a. (Physics)
Pertaining to the movements or force of electric or galvanic currents;
dependent on electric force.
Electro-dynamics
E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ics (?), n.
1. The phenomena of electricity in motion.
2. The branch of science which treats of the properties of electric
currents; dynamical electricity.
Electro-dynamometer
E*lec`tro-dy`na*mom"e*ter (?), n. An instrument for measuring the
strength of electro-dynamic currents.
Electro-engraving
E*lec`tro-en*grav"ing (?), n. The art or process of engraving by means
of electricity.
Electro-etching
E*lec`tro-etch"ing (?), n. A mode of etching upon metals by
electrolytic action.
Electrogenesis
E*lec`tro*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Electro- + genesis.] (Physiol.) Same as
Electrogeny.
Electrogenic
E*lec`tro*gen"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to
electrogenesis; as, an electrogenic condition.
Electrogeny
E`lec*trog"e*ny (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Physiol.) A term sometimes
applied to the effects (tetanus) produced in the muscles of the limbs,
when a current of electricity is passed along the spinal cord or
nerves.
Electro-gilding
E*lec`tro-gild"ing (?), n. The art or process of gilding copper, iron,
etc., by means of voltaic electricity.
Electro-gilt
E*lec"tro-gilt` (?), a. Gilded by means of voltaic electricity.
Electrograph
E*lec"tro*graph (?), n. [Electro- + -graph.] A mark, record, or
tracing, made by the action of electricity.
Electro-kinetic
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to electro-kinetics.
Electro-kinetics
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ics (?), n. That branch of electrical science which
treats of electricity in motion.
Electrolier
E*lec`tro*lier" (?), n. [Formed from electric in imitation of
chandelier.] A branching frame, often of ornamental design, to support
electric illuminating lamps.
Electrology
E`lec*trol"o*gy (?), n. [Electro- + -logy.] That branch of physical
science which treats of the phenomena of electricity and its
properties.
Electrolysis
E`lec*trol"y*sis (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Physics & Chem.) The act or
process of chemical decomposition, by the action of electricity; as,
the electrolysis of silver or nickel for plating; the electrolysis of
water.
Electrolyte
E*lec"tro*lyte (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. \'82lectrolyte.] (Physics &
Chem.) A compound decomposable, or subjected to decomposition, by an
electric current.
Electrolytic, Electrolytical
E*lec`tro*lyt"ic (?), E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82lectrolytique.] Pertaining to electrolysis; as, electrolytic
action. -- E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al*ly, adv.
Electrolyzable
E*lec"tro*ly`za*ble (?), a. Capable of being electrolyzed, or
decomposed by electricity.
Electrolyzation
E*lec`tro*ly*za"tion (?), n. The act or the process of electrolyzing.
Electrolyze
E*lec"tro*lyze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrolyzed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Electrolyzing (?).] [Cf. F. \'82lectrolyser. See Electrolysis.] To
decompose by the direct action of electricity. Faraday.
Electro-magnet
E*lec`tro-mag"net (?), n. A mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes
of some other magnetic metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered
temporarily magnetic by being placed within a coil of wire through
which a current of electricity is passing. The metal is generally in
the form of a bar, either straight, or bent into the shape of a
horseshoe.
Electro-magnetic
E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic (?), a. Of, Pertaining to, or produced by,
magnetism which is developed by the passage of an electric current.
Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive force is
electro-magnetism. -- Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a
theory of light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of
transient electric currents moving transversely to the direction of
the ray.
Electro-magnetism
E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism (?), n. The magnetism developed by a current of
electricity; the science which treats of the development of magnetism
by means of voltaic electricity, and of the properties or actions of
the currents evolved.
Electro-metallurgy
E*lec`tro-met"al*lur`gy (?), n. The act or art precipitating a metal
electro-chemical action, by which a coating is deposited, on a
prepared surface, as in electroplating and electrotyping;
galvanoplasty.
Electrometer
E`lec*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Electro- + -meter: cf. F.
\'82lectrom\'8atre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the
quantity or intensity of electricity; also, sometimes, and less
properly, applied to an instrument which indicates the presence of
electricity (usually called an electroscope). Balance electrometer.
See under Balance.
Electro-metric, Electro-metrical
E*lec`tro-met"ric (?), E*lec`tro-met"ric*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82lectrom\'82trique.] Pertaining to electrometry; made by means of
electrometer; as, an electrometrical experiment.
Elextrometry
E`lex*trom"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectrom\'82trie.] (Physics) The
art or process of making electrical measurements.
Electro-motion
E*lec`tro-mo"tion (?), n. The motion of electricity or its passage
from one metal to another in a voltaic circuit; mechanical action
produced by means of electricity.
Electro-motive
E*lec`tro-mo"tive (?), a. Producing electro-motion; producing, or
tending to produce, electricity or an electric current; causing
electrical action or effects. Electro-motive force (Physics), the
force which produces, or tends to produce, electricity, or an electric
current; sometimes used to express the degree of electrification as
equivalent to potential, or more properly difference of potential.
Electromotor
E*lec`tro*mo"tor (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectromoteur.]
1. (Physics) A mover or exciter of electricity; as apparatus for
generating a current of electricity.
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Page 478
2. (Mech.) An apparatus or machine for producing motion and mechanical
effects by the action of electricity; an electro-magnetic engine.
Electro-muscular
E*lec`tro-mus"cu*lar (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining the reaction
(contraction) of the muscles under electricity, or their sensibility
to it.
Electron
E*lec"tron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Electric.] Amber; also, the alloy of
gold and silver, called electrum.
Electro-negative
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive (?), a. (Chem. & Physics) (a) Having the property
of being attracted by an electro-positive body, or a tendency to pass
to the positive pole in electrolysis, by the law that opposite
electricities attract each other. (b) Negative; nonmetallic; acid; --
opposed to positive, metallic, or basic.
Electro-negative
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics) A body which passes to the
positive pole in electrolysis.
Electropathy
E`lec*trop"a*thy (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Med.) The treatment of
disease by electricity.
Electrophone
E*lec"tro*phone (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Physics) An instrument for
producing sound by means of electric currents.
Electrophorus
E*lec`troph"o*rus (?), n.; pl. Electrophori (#). [NL., fr. combining
form electro- + Gr. (Physics) An instrument for exciting electricity,
and repeating the charge indefinitely by induction, consisting of a
flat cake of resin, shelllac, or ebonite, upon which is placed a plate
of metal.
Electro-physiological
E*lec`tro-phys`i*o*log"ic*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to
electrical results produced through physiological agencies, or by
change of action in a living organism.
Electro-physiology
E*lec`tro-phys`i*ol"o*gy (?), n. (Physiol.) That branch of physiology
which treats of electric phenomena produced through physiological
agencies.
Electroplate
E*lec"tro*plate` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electroplating.] (Mech.) To
plate or cover with a coating of metal, usually silver, nickel, or
gold, by means of electrolysis.
Electroplater
E*lec"tro*pla`ter (?), n. One who electroplates.
Electroplating
E*lec"tro*pla`ting (?), n. The art or process of depositing a coating
(commonly) of silver, gold, or nickel on an inferior metal, by means
of electricity.
Electro-polar
E*lec`tro-po"lar (?), a. (Physics) Possessing electrical polarity;
positively electrified at one end, or on one surface, and negatively
at the other; -- said of a conductor.
Electro-positive
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive (?), a.
1. (Physics) Of such a nature relatively to some other associated body
or bodies, as to tend to the negative pole of a voltaic battery, in
electrolysis, while the associated body tends to the positive pole; --
the converse or correlative of electro-negative.
NOTE: &hand; An el ement th at is electro-positive in one compound
may be electro-negative in another, and vice versa.
2. (Chem.) Hence: Positive; metallic; basic; -- distinguished from
negative, nonmetallic, or acid.
Electro-positive
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics) A body which passes to the
negative pole in electrolysis.
Electro-puncturation, Electro-puncturing
E*lec`tro-punc`tu*ra"tion (?), E*lec`tro-punc`tur*ing (?; 135), n.
(Med.) See Electropuncture.
Electro-puncture
E*lec`tro-punc`ture (?; 135), n. (Med.) An operation that consists in
inserting needless in the part affected, and connecting them with the
poles of a galvanic apparatus.
Electroscope
E*lec"tro*scope (?), n. [Electro- + -scope: cf. F. \'82lectroscope.]
(Physics) An instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, or
changes in the electric state of bodies, or the species of electricity
present, as by means of pith balls, and the like. Condensing
electroscope (Physics), a form of electroscope in which an increase of
sensibility is obtained by the use of a condenser.
Electroscopic
E*lec`tro*scop"ic (?), a. Relating to, or made by means of, the
electroscope.
Electrostatic
E*lec`tro*stat"ic (?), a. Pertaining to electrostatics.
Electrostatics
E*lec`tro*stat"ics (?), n. (Physics) That branch of science which
treats of statical electricity or electric force in a state of rest.
Electro-stereotype
E*lec`tro-ste"re*o*type (?), n. Same as Electrotype.
Electro-telegraphic
E*lec`tro-tel`e*graph"ic (?), a. Pertaining to the electric telegraph,
or by means of it.
Electro-telegraphy
E*lec`tro-te*leg"ra*phy (?), n. The art or science of constructing or
using the electric telegraph; the transmission of messages by means of
the electric telegraph.
Electro-therapeutics
E*lec`tro-ther`a*peu"tics (?), n. (Med.) The branch of medical science
which treats of the applications agent.
Electro-thermancy
E*lec`tro-ther"man*cy (?), n. That branch of electrical science which
treats of the effect of an electric current upon the temperature of a
conductor, or a part of a circuit composed of two different metals.
Electro-tint
E*lec"tro-tint` (?), n. (Fine Arts) A style of engraving in relief by
means of voltaic electricity. A picture is drawn on a metallic plate
with some material which resists the fluids of a battery; so that, in
electro-typing, the parts not covered by the varnish, etc., receive a
deposition of metal, and produce the required copy in intaglio. A cast
of this is then the plate for printing.
Electrotonic
E*lec`tro*ton"ic (?), a.
1. (Physics) Of or pertaining to electrical tension; -- said of a
supposed peculiar condition of a conducting circuit during its
exposure to the action of another conducting circuit traversed by a
uniform electric current when both circuits remain stationary.
Faraday.
2. (Physiol.) Relating to electrotonus; as, the electrotonic condition
of a nerve.
Electrotonize
E`lec*trot"o*nize (?), v. t. (Physiol.) To cause or produce
electrotonus.
Electrotonous
E`lec*trot"o*nous (?), a. Electrotonic.
Electrotonus
E`lec*trot"o*nus (?), n. [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr.
(Physiol.) The modified condition of a nerve, when a constant current
of electricity passes through any part of it. See Anelectrotonus, and
Catelectrotonus.
Electrotype
E*lec"tro*type (?), n. [Electro- + -type.] A facsimile plate made by
electrotypy for use in printing; also, an impression or print from
such plate. Also used adjectively.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fa ce of an el ectrotype consists of a shell of
copper, silver, or the like, produced by the action of an
electrical current upon a plate of metal and a wax mold suspended
in an acid bath and connected with opposite poles of the battery.
It is backed up with a solid filling of type metal.
Electrotype
E*lec"tro*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrotyped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electrotyping (?).] To make facsimile plates of by the electrotype
process; as to electrotype a page of type, a book, etc. See
Electrotype, n.
Electrotyper
E*lec"tro*ty`per (?), n. One who electrotypes.
Electrotypic
E*lec`tro*typ"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or effected by means of,
electrotypy.
Electrotyping
E*lec"tro*ty`ping (?), n. The act or the process of making
electrotypes.
Electrotypy
E*lec"tro*ty`py (?), n. The process of producing electrotype plates.
See Note under Electrotype, n.
Electro-vital
E*lec`tro-vi"tal (?), a. Derived from, or dependent upon, vital
processes; -- said of certain electric currents supposed by some
physiologists to circulate in the nerves of animals.
Electro-vitalism
E*lec`tro-vi"tal*ism (?), n. (Physiol.) The theory that the functions
of living organisms are dependent upon electricity or a kindred force.
Electrum
E*lec"trum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Electric, and cf. Electre, Electron.]
1. Amber.
2. An alloy of gold and silver, of an amber color, used by the
ancients.
3. German-silver plate. See German silver, under German.
Electuary
E*lec"tu*a*ry (?; 135), n.; pl. Electuaries (#). [OE. letuaire, OF.
lettuaire, electuaire, F. \'82lectuaire, L. electuarium, electarium.
prob. fr. Gr. Lick, and cf. Eclegm.] (Med.) A medicine composed of
powders, or other ingredients, incorporated with some convserve,
honey, or sirup; a confection. See the note under Confection.
Eleemosynarily
El`ee*mos"y*na*ri*ly (?), adv. In an eleemosynary manner; by charity;
charitably.
Eleemosynary
El`ee*mos"y*na*ry (?; 277), a. [LL. eleemosynarius, fr. eleemosyna
alms, Gr. Alms.]
1. Relating to charity, alms, or almsgiving; intended for the
distribution of charity; as, an eleemosynary corporation.
2. Given in charity or alms; having the nature of alms; as,
eleemosynary assistance. "Eleemosynary cures." Boyle.
3. Supported by charity; as, eleemosynary poor.
Eleemosynary
El`ee*mos"y*na*ry, n.; pl. Eleemosynaries (. One who subsists on
charity; a dependent. South.
Elegance, Elegancy
El"e*gance (?), El"e*gan*cy (?), n. [L. elegantia, fr. elegans,
-antis, elegant: cf. F. \'82l\'82gance.]
1. The state or quality of being elegant; beauty as resulting from
choice qualities and the complete absence of what deforms or impresses
unpleasantly; grace given by art or practice; fine polish; refinement;
-- said of manners, language, style, form, architecture, etc.
That grace that elegance affords. Drayton.
The endearing elegance of female friendship. Johnson.
A trait of native elegance, seldom seen in the masculine character
after childhood or early youth, was shown in the General's fondness
for the sight and fragrance of flowers. Hawthorne.
2. That which is elegant; that which is tasteful and highly
attractive.
The beautiful wildness of nature, without the nicer elegancies of
art. Spectator.
Syn. -- Elegance, Grace. Elegance implies something of a select style
of beauty, which is usually produced by art, skill, or training; as,
elegance of manners, composition, handwriting, etc.; elegant
furniture; an elegant house, etc. Grace, as the word is here used,
refers to bodily movements, and is a lower order of beauty. It may be
a natural gift; thus, the manners of a peasant girl may be graceful,
but can hardly be called elegant.
Elegant
El"e*gant (?), a. [L. elegans, -antis; akin to eligere to pick out,
choose, select: cf. F. \'82l\'82gant. See Elect.]
1. Very choice, and hence, pleasing to good taste; characterized by
grace, propriety, and refinement, and the absence of every thing
offensive; exciting admiration and approbation by symmetry,
completeness, freedom from blemish, and the like; graceful; tasteful
and highly attractive; as, elegant manners; elegant style of
composition; an elegant speaker; an elegant structure.
A more diligent cultivation of elegant literature. Prescott.
2. Exercising a nice choice; discriminating beauty or sensitive to
beauty; as, elegant taste. Syn. -- Tasteful; polished; graceful;
refined; comely; handsome; richly ornamental.
Elegantly
El"e*gant*ly, adv. In a manner to please nice taste; with elegance;
with due symmetry; richly.
Elegiac
E*le"gi*ac (?; 277), a. [L. elegiacus, Gr. \'82l\'82giaque. See
Elegy.]
1. Belonging to elegy, or written in elegiacs; plaintive; expressing
sorrow or lamentation; as, an elegiac lay; elegiac strains.
Elegiac griefs, and songs of love. Mrs. Browning.
2. Used in elegies; as, elegiac verse; the elegiac distich or couplet,
consisting of a dactylic hexameter and pentameter.
Elegiac
E*le"gi*ac (?), n. Elegiac verse.
Elegiacal
El`e*gi"a*cal (?), a. Elegiac.
Elegiast
E*le"gi*ast (?), n. One who composes elegies. Goldsmith.
Elegiographer
El`e*gi*og"ra*pher (?), n. [Gr. -graph + -er.] An elegist. [Obs.]
Elegist
El"e*gist (?), n. A write of elegies. T. Warton.
Elegit
E*le"git (?), n. [L., he has chosen, fr. eligere to choose. See
Elect.] (Law) A judicial writ of execution, by which a defendant's
goods are appraised and delivered to the plaintiff, and, if no
sufficient to satisfy the debt, all of his lands are delivered, to be
held till the debt is paid by the rents and profits, or until the
defendant's interest has expired.
Elegize
El"e*gize (?), v. t. To lament in an elegy; to celebrate in elegiac
verse; to bewail. Carlyle.
Elegy
El"e*gy (?), n.; pl. Elegies (#). [L. elegia, Gr. A mournful or
plaintive poem; a funereal song; a poem of lamentation. Shak.
Eleidin
E*le"i*din (?), n. (Biol.) Lifeless matter deposited in the form of
minute granules within the protoplasm of living cells.
Element
El"e*ment (?), n. [F. \'82l\'82ment, L. elementum.]
1. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which
anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental
powers of anything are based.
2. One of the ultimate, undecomposable constituents of any kind of
matter. Specifically: (Chem.) A substance which cannot be decomposed
into different kinds of matter by any means at present employed; as,
the elements of water are oxygen and hydrogen.
NOTE: &hand; Th e el ements ar e na turally cl assified in several
families or groups, as the group of the alkaline elements, the
halogen group, and the like. They are roughly divided into two
great classes, the metals, as sodium, calcium, etc., which form
basic compounds, and the nonmetals or metalloids, as oxygen,
sulphur, chlorine, which form acid compounds; but the distinction
is only relative, and some, as arsenic, tin, aluminium, etc., form
both acid and basic compounds. The essential fact regarding every
element is its relative atomic weight or equivalent. When the
elements are tabulated in the order of their ascending atomic
weights, the arrangement constitutes the series of the Periodic law
of Mendelejeff. See Periodic law, under Periodic. This Periodic law
enables us to predict the qualities of unknown elements. The number
of elements known is about seventy-five, but the gaps in the
Periodic law indicate the possibility of many more. Many of the
elements with which we are familiar, as hydrogen, carbon, iron,
gold, etc., have been recognized, by means of spectrum analysis, in
the sun and the fixed stars. From certain evidence (as that
afforded by the Periodic law, spectrum analysis, etc.) it appears
that the chemical elements probably may not be simple bodies, but
only very stable compounds of some simpler body or bodies. In
formulas, the elements are designated by abbreviations of their
names in Latin or New Latin.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 478
The Elements
------------------------------------------------------------ Name
|Sym-|Atomic Weight| |bol | O=16 | H=1 |
------------------------------------------------------------ Aluminum
| Al | 27.1 | 26.9| Antimony(Stibium) Argon Arsenic Barium Beryllium
(see Glucinum) Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Caesium Calcium Carbon
Cerium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Columbium Copper (Cuprum) Erbium
Fluorine Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Glucinum <--(now Beryllium)-->
Gold Helium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron (Ferrum) Krypton
Lanthanum Lead (Plumbum) Lithium Magnesium Manganese Mercury
(Hydrargyrum) Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Nickel Niobium (see Columbium)
Nirogen Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Potassium (Kalium)
Praseodymium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium
_________________________________________________________________
Page 479
----------------------------------------------------------- The
Elements -- continued
------------------------------------------------------------ Name
Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver (Argentum) Sodium (Natrium)
Strontium Sulphur Tantalum Tellurium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin
(Stannum) Titanium Tungsten (Wolframium) Uranium Vanadium Wolfranium
(see Tungsten) Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium
------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Several ot her el ements ha ve be en an nounced, as holmium,
vesbium, austrium, etc., but their properties, and in some cases
their existence, have not yet been definitely established.
3. One of the ultimate parts which are variously combined in anything;
as, letters are the elements of written language; hence, also, a
simple portion of that which is complex, as a shaft, lever, wheel, or
any simple part in a machine; one of the essential ingredients of any
mixture; a constituent part; as, quartz, feldspar, and mica are the
elements of granite.
The simplicity which is so large an element in a noble nature was
laughed to scorn. Jowett (Thucyd.).
4. (a) One out of several parts combined in a system of aggregation,
when each is of the nature of the whole; as, a single cell is an
element of the honeycomb. (b) (Anat.) One of the smallest natural
divisions of the organism, as a blood corpuscle, a muscular fiber.
5. (Biol.) One of the simplest essential parts, more commonly called
cells, of which animal and vegetable organisms, or their tissues and
organs, are composed.
6. (Math.) (a) An infinitesimal part of anything of the same nature as
the entire magnitude considered; as, in a solid an element may be
infinitesimal portion between any two planes that are separated and
indefinitely small distance. In the calculus, element is sometimes
used as synonymous with differential. (b) Sometimes a curve, or
surface, or volume is considered as described by a moving point, or
curve, or surface, the latter being at any instant called an element
of the former. (c) One of the terms in an algebraic expression.
7. One of the necessary data or values upon which a system of
calculations depends, or general conclusions are based; as, the
elements of a planet's orbit.
8. pl. The simplest or fundamental principles of any system in
philosophy, science, or art; rudiments; as, the elements of geometry,
or of music.
9. pl. Any outline or sketch, regarded as containing the fundamental
ideas or features of the thing in question; as, the elemental of a
plan.
10. One of the simple substances, as supposed by the ancient
philosophers; one of the imaginary principles of matter.
NOTE: (a) Th e fo ur el ements we re, ai r, earth, water, and fire;
whence it is said, water is the proper element of fishes; air is
the element of birds. Hence, the state or sphere natural to
anything or suited for its existence.
Of elements The grosser feeds the purer: Earth the Sea; Earth and
the Sea feed Air; the Air those Fires Ethereal. Milton.
Does not our life consist of the four elements? Shak.
And the complexion of the element [i. e.,the sky or air] In favor's
like the work we have in hand, Most bloody, fiery, and most
terrible. Shak.
About twelve ounces [of food], with mere element for drink. Cheyne.
They show that they are out of their element. T. Baker.
Esp., the conditions and movements of the air. "The elements be
kind to thee." (b) The elements of the alchemists were salt,
sulphur, and mercury. Brande & C.
11. pl. The whole material composing the world.
The elements shall melt with fervent heat. 2 Peter iii. 10.
12. pl. (Eccl.) The bread and wine used in the eucharist or Lord's
supper.
Magnetic element, one of the hypothetical elementary portions of which
a magnet is regarded as made up.
Element
El"e*ment (?), v. t.
1. To compound of elements or first principles. [Obs.] "[Love] being
elemented too." Donne.
2. To constitute; to make up with elements.
His very soul was elemented of nothing but sadness. Walton.
Elemental
El`e*men"tal (?), a.
1. Pertaining to the elements, first principles, and primary
ingredients, or to the four supposed elements of the material world;
as, elemental air. "Elemental strife." Pope.
2. Pertaining to rudiments or first principles; rudimentary;
elementary. "The elemental rules of erudition." Cawthorn.
Elementalism
El`e*men"tal*ism (?), a. The theory that the heathen divinities
originated in the personification of elemental powers.
Elementality
E`le*men*tal"i*ty (?), n. The condition of being composed of elements,
or a thing so composed.
Elementally
El`e*men"tal*ly (?), adv. According to elements; literally; as, the
words, "Take, eat; this is my body," elementally understood.
Elementar
El`e*men"tar (?), a. Elementary. [Obs.] Skelton.
Elementariness
El`e*men"ta*ri*ness (?), n. The state of being elementary; original
simplicity; uncompounded state.
Elementarity
El`e*men*tar"i*ty (?), n. Elementariness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Elementary
El`e*men"ta*ry (?), a. [L. elementarius: cf. F. \'82l\'82mentaire.]
1. Having only one principle or constituent part; consisting of a
single element; simple; uncompounded; as, an elementary substance.
2. Pertaining to, or treating of, the elements, rudiments, or first
principles of anything; initial; rudimental; introductory; as, an
elementary treatise.
3. Pertaining to one of the four elements, air, water, earth, fire.
"Some luminous and fiery impressions in the elementary region." J.
Spencer.
Elementation
El`e*men*ta"tion (?), n. Instruction in the elements or first
principles. [R.]
Elementoid
El"e*men*toid` (?), a. [Element + -oid.] Resembling an element.
Elemi
El"e*mi (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lemi, It. elemi, Sp. elemi; of American or
Oriental. origin.] A fragrant gum resin obtained chiefly tropical
trees of the genera Amyris and Canarium. A. elemifera yields Mexican
elemi; C. commune, the Manila elemi. It is used in the manufacture of
varnishes, also in ointments and plasters.
Elemin
El"e*min (?), n. (Chem.) A transparent, colorless oil obtained from
elemi resin by distillation with water; also, a crystallizable extract
from the resin.
Elench
E*lench" (?), n.; pl. Elenchs (#). [L. elenchus, Gr. elenche.] (Logic)
(a) That part of an argument on which its conclusiveness depends; that
which convinces of refutes an antagonist; a refutation. (b) A specious
but fallacious argument; a sophism.
Elenchical
E*len"chic*al (?), a. Pertaining to an elench.
Elenchically
E*len"chic*al*ly, adv. By means of an elench.
Elenchize
E*len"chize (?), v. i. To dispute. [R.] B. Jonson.
Elenchtic, Elenchtical
E*lench"tic, E*lench"tic*al (?), a. Same as Elenctic.
Elenchus
E*len"chus (?), n. [L.] Same as Elench.
Elenctic, Elenctical
E*lenc"tic (?), E*lenc"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. (Logic) Serving to refute;
refutative; -- applied to indirect modes of proof, and opposed to
deictic.
Elenge
El"enge (?), a. [Cf. AS. ellende foreign, strange, G. elend
miserable.] Sorrowful; wretched; full of trouble. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Elengeness
El"enge*ness, n. Loneliness; misery. [Obs.]
Elephansy
El"e*phan*sy (?), n. [L. elephantia.] Elephantiasis. [Obs.] Holland.
Elephant
El"e*phant (?), n. [OE. elefaunt, olifant, OF. olifant, F.
\'82l\'82phant, L. elephantus, elephas, -antis, fr. Gr. ibha, with the
Semitic article al, el, prefixed, or fr. Semitic Aleph hindi Indian
bull; or cf. Goth. ulbandus camel, AS. olfend.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living
species, Elephas Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil species,
are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusks
proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and curving upwards.
The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds. Elephants are the
largest land animals now existing.
2. Ivory; the tusk of the elephant. [Obs.] Dryden. <-- Illustr. of
Elephant. -->
Elephant apple (Bot.), an East Indian fruit with a rough, hard rind,
and edible pulp, borne by Feronia elephantum, a large tree related to
the orange. -- Elephant bed (Geol.), at Brighton, England, abounding
in fossil remains of elephants. Mantell. -- Elephant beetle
(Zo\'94l.), any very large beetle of the genus Goliathus (esp. G.
giganteus), of the family Scarab\'91id\'91. They inhabit West Africa.
-- Elephant fish (Zo\'94l.), a chim\'91roid fish (Callorhynchus
antarcticus), with a proboscis-like projection of the snout. --
Elephant paper, paper of large size, 23 × 28 inches. -- Double
elephant paper, paper measuring 26Paper. -- Elephant seal (Zo\'94l.),
an African jumping shrew (Macroscelides typicus), having a long nose
like a proboscis. -- Elephant's ear (Bot.), a name given to certain
species of the genus Begonia, which have immense one-sided leaves. --
Elephant's foot (Bot.) (a) A South African plant (Testudinaria
Elephantipes), which has a massive rootstock covered with a kind of
bark cracked with deep fissures; -- called also tortoise plant. The
interior part is barely edible, whence the plant is also called
Hottentot's bread. (b) A genus (Elephantopus) of coarse, composite
weeds. -- Elephant's tusk (Zo\'94l.), the tooth shell. See Dentalium.
Elephantiac
El`e*phan"ti*ac (?), a. (Med.) Affected with elephantiasis;
characteristic of elephantiasis.
Elephantiasis
El`e*phan*ti"a*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) A disease of the skin,
in which it become enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and
fissured, like an elephant's hide.
Elephantine
El`e*phan"tine (?), a. [L. elephantinus of ivory, Gr.
\'82l\'82phantin.] Pertaining to the elephant, or resembling an
elephant (commonly, in size); hence, huge; immense; heavy; as, of
elephantine proportions; an elephantine step or tread. Elephantine
epoch (Geol.), the epoch distinguished by the existence of large
pachyderms. Mantell. -- Elephantine tortoise (Zo\'94l.), a huge land
tortoise; esp., Testudo elephantina, from islands in the Indian Ocean;
and T. elephantopus, from the Galapagos Islands.
Elephantoid; 277, Elephantoidal
El"e*phan*toid` (?; 277), El`e*phan*toid"al (?), a. [Elephant + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Resembling an elephant in form or appearance.
Eleusinian
El`eu*sin"i*an (?), a. [L. Eleusinius, Gr. Pertaining to Eleusis, in
Greece, or to secret rites in honor of Ceres, there celebrated; as,
Eleusinian mysteries or festivals.
Eleutheromania
E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Gr. mania.] A mania or frantic zeal for
freedom. [R.] Carlyle.
Eleutheromaniac
E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*ac, a. Mad for freedom. [R.]
Eleuthero-petalous
E*leu`ther*o-pet"al*ous (?), a. [Gr. petal.] (Bot.) Having the petals
free, that is, entirely separate from each other; -- said of both
plant and flower.
Elevate
El"e*vate (?), a. [L. elevatus, p. p.] Elevated; raised aloft.
[Poetic] Milton.
Elevate
El"e*vate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elevated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elevating (?).] [L. elevatus, p. p. of elevare; e + levare to lift up,
raise, akin to levis light in weight. See Levity.]
1. To bring from a lower place to a higher; to lift up; to raise; as,
to elevate a weight, a flagstaff, etc.
2. To raise to a higher station; to promote; as, to elevate to an
office, or to a high social position.
3. To raise from a depressed state; to animate; to cheer; as, to
elevate the spirits.
4. To exalt; to ennoble; to dignify; as, to elevate the mind or
character.
5. To raise to a higher pitch, or to a greater degree of loudness; --
said of sounds; as, to elevate the voice.
6. To intoxicate in a slight degree; to render tipsy. [Colloq. &
Sportive] "The elevated cavaliers sent for two tubs of merry stingo."
Sir W. Scott.
7. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage. [A Latin meaning] [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
To elevate a piece (Gun.), to raise the muzzle; to lower the breech.
Syn. -- To exalt; dignify; ennoble; erect; raise; hoist; heighten;
elate; cheer; flush; excite; animate.
Elevated
El"e*va`ted (?), a. Uplifted; high; lofty; also, animated; noble; as,
elevated thoughts. Elevated railway, one in which the track is raised
considerably above the ground, especially a city railway above the
line of street travel.
Elevatedness
El"e*va`ted*ness, n. The quality of being elevated.
Elevation
El`e*va"tion (?), n. [L. elevatio: cf. F. \'82l\'82vation.]
1. The act of raising from a lower place, condition, or quality to a
higher; -- said of material things, persons, the mind, the voice,
etc.; as, the elevation of grain; elevation to a throne; elevation of
mind, thoughts, or character.
2. Condition of being elevated; height; exaltation. "Degrees of
elevation above us." Locke.
His style . . . wanted a little elevation. Sir H. Wotton.
3. That which is raised up or elevated; an elevated place or station;
as, an elevation of the ground; a hill.
4. (Astron.) The distance of a celestial object above the horizon, or
the arc of a vertical circle intercepted between it and the horizon;
altitude; as, the elevation of the pole, or of a star.
5. (Dialing) The angle which the style makes with the substylar line.
6. (Gunnery) The movement of the axis of a piece in a vertical plane;
also, the angle of elevation, that is, the angle between the axis of
the piece and the line odirection
.
7. (Drawing) A geometrical projection of a building, or other object,
on a plane perpendicular to the horizon; orthographic projection on a
vertical plane; -- called by the ancients the orthography.
Angle of elevation (Geodesy), the angle which an ascending line makes
with a horizontal plane. -- Elevation of the host (R. C. Ch.), that
part of the Mass in which the priest raises the host above his head
for the people to adore.
Elevator
El"e*va`tor (?), n. [L., one who raises up, a deliverer: cf. F.
\'82l\'82vateur.] One who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything;
as: (a) A mechanical contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain
with a series of scoops or buckets, for transferring grain to an upper
loft for storage. (b) A cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in
a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc., for conveying persons, goods, etc., to
or from different floors or levels; -- called in England a lift; the
cage or platform itself. (c) A building for elevating, storing, and
discharging, grain. (d) (Anat.) A muscle which serves to raise a part
of the body, as the leg or the eye. (e) (Surg.) An instrument for
raising a depressed portion of a bone. Elevator head, leg, AND boot,
the boxes in which the upper pulley, belt, and lower pulley,
respectively, run in a grain elevator.
Elevatory
El"e*va`to*ry (?), a. Tending to raise, or having power to elevate;
as, elevatory forces.
Elevatory
El"e*va`to*ry, n. [Cf. F. \'82l\'82vatoire.] (Surg.) See Elevator, n.
(e). Dunglison.
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\'90l\'8ave
\'90`l\'8ave" (, n. [F., fr. \'82lever to raise, bring up.] A pupil; a
student.
Eleven
E*lev"en (?), a. [OE. enleven, AS. endleofan, endlufon, for nleofan;
akin to LG. eleve, \'94lwe, \'94lwen, D. elf, G. elf, eilf, OHG.
einlif, Icel. ellifu, Sw. elfva, Dan. elleve, Goth. ainlif, cf. Lith.
v\'89nolika; and fr. the root of E. one + (prob.) a root signifying
"to be left over, remain," appearing in E. loan, or perh. in leave, v.
t., life. See One, and cf. Twelve.] Ten and one added; as, eleven men.
Eleven
E*lev"en, n.
1. The sum of ten and one; eleven units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eleven units, as 11 or xi.
3. (Cricket & American Football) The eleven men selected to play on
one side in a match, as the representatives of a club or a locality;
as, the all-England eleven.
Eleventh
E*lev"enth (?), a. [Cf. AS. endlyfta. See Eleven.]
1. Next after the tenth; as, the eleventh chapter.
2. Constituting one of eleven parts into which a thing is divided; as,
the eleventh part of a thing.
3. (Mus.) Of or pertaining to the interval of the octave and the
fourth.
Eleventh
E*lev"enth, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by eleven; one of eleven equal
parts.
2. (Mus.) The interval consisting of ten conjunct degrees; the
interval made up of an octave and a fourth.
Elf
Elf (?), n.; pl. Elves (#). [AS. \'91lf, ylf; akin to MHG. alp, G. alp
nightmare, incubus, Icel. elf, Sw. alf, elfva; cf. Skr. rbhu skillful,
artful, rabh to grasp. Cf. Auf, Oaf.]
1. An imaginary supernatural being, commonly a little sprite, much
like a fairy; a mythological diminutive spirit, supposed to haunt
hills and wild places, and generally represented as delighting in
mischievous tricks.
Every elf, and fairy sprite, Hop as light as bird from brier. Shak.
2. A very diminutive person; a dwarf.
Elf arrow, a flint arrowhead; -- so called by the English rural folk
who often find these objects of prehistoric make in the fields and
formerly attributed them to fairies; -- called also elf bolt, elf
dart, and elf shot. -- Elf child, a child supposed to be left by
elves, in room of one they had stolen. See Changeling. -- Elf fire,
the ignis fatuus. Brewer. -- Elf owl (Zo\'94l.), a small owl
(Micrathene Whitneyi) of Southern California and Arizona.
Elf
Elf, v. t. To entangle mischievously, as an elf might do.
Elf all my hair in knots. Shak.
Elfin
Elf"in (?), a. Relating to elves.
Elfin
Elf"in, n. A little elf or urchin. Shenstone.
Elfish
Elf"ish, a. Of or relating to the elves; elflike; implike; weird;
scarcely human; mischievous, as though caused by elves. "Elfish
light." Coleridge.
The elfish intelligence that was so familiar an expression on her
small physiognomy. Hawthorne.
Elfishly
Elf"ish*ly, adv. In an elfish manner.
Elfishness
Elf"ish*ness, n. The quality of being elfish.
Elfkin
Elf"kin (?), n. A little elf.
Elfland
Elf"land` (?), n. Fairyland. Tennyson.
Elflock
Elf"lock` (?), n. Hair matted, or twisted into a knot, as if by elves.
Elgin marbles
El"gin mar"bles (?). Greek sculptures in the British Museum. They were
obtained at Athens, about 1811, by Lord Elgin.
Elicit
E*lic"it (?), a. [L. elictus, p. p. of elicere to elicit; e + lacere
to entice. Cf. Delight, Lace.] Elicited; drawn out; made real; open;
evident. [Obs.] "An elicit act of equity." Jer. Taylor.
Elicit
E*lic"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elicited; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliciting.] To
draw out or entice forth; to bring to light; to bring out against the
will; to deduce by reason or argument; as, to elicit truth by
discussion.
Elicitate
E*lic"i*tate (?), v. t. To elicit. [Obs.]
Elicitation
E*lic`i*ta"tion (?), n. The act of eliciting. [Obs.] Abp. Bramhall.
Elide
E*lide" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elided; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliding.] [L.
elidere to strike out or off; e + laedere to hurt by striking: cf. F.
\'82lider. See Lesion.]
1. To break or dash in pieces; to demolish; as, to elide the force of
an argument. [Obs.] Hooker.
2. (Gram.) To cut off, as a vowel or a syllable, usually the final
one; to subject to elision.
Eligibility
El`i*gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82ligibilit\'82.] The quality of
being eligible; eligibleness; as, the eligibility of a candidate; the
eligibility of an offer of marriage.
Eligible
El"i*gi*ble (?), a. [F. \'82ligible, fr. L. eligere. See Elect.]
1. That may be selected; proper or qualified to be chosen; legally
qualified to be elected and to hold office.
2. Worthy to be chosen or selected; suitable; desirable; as, an
eligible situation for a house.
The more eligible of the two evils. Burke.
Eligibleness
El"i*gi*ble*ness, n. The quality worthy or qualified to be chosen;
suitableness; desirableness.
Eligibly
El"i*gi*bly, adv. In an eligible manner.
Elimate
El"i*mate (?), v. t. [L. elimatus, p. p. of elimare to file up; e out
+ limare to file, fr. lima file.] To render smooth; to polish. [Obs.]
Eliminant
E*lim"i*nant (?), n. (Math.) The result of eliminating n variables
between n homogeneous equations of any degree; -- called also
resultant.
Eliminate
E*lim"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eliminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eliminating (?).] [L. eliminatus, p. p. of eliminare; e out + limen
threshold; prob. akin to limes boundary. See Limit.]
1. To put out of doors; to expel; to discharge; to release; to set at
liberty.
Eliminate my spirit, give it range Through provinces of thought yet
unexplored. Young.
2. (Alg.) To cause to disappear from an equation; as, to eliminate an
unknown quantity.
3. To set aside as unimportant in a process of inductive inquiry; to
leave out of consideration.
Eliminate errors that have been gathering and accumulating. Lowth.
4. To obtain by separating, as from foreign matters; to deduce; as, to
eliminate an idea or a conclusion. [Recent, and not well authorized]
5. (Physiol.) To separate; to expel from the system; to excrete; as,
the kidneys eliminate urea, the lungs carbonic acid; to eliminate
poison from the system.
Elimination
E*lim`i*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82limination.]
1. The act of expelling or throwing off; (Physiol.) the act of
discharging or excreting waste products or foreign substances through
the various emunctories.
2. (Alg.) Act of causing a quantity to disappear from an equation;
especially, in the operation of deducing from several equations
containing several unknown quantities a less number of equations
containing a less number of unknown quantities.
3. The act of obtaining by separation, or as the result of
eliminating; deduction. [See Eliminate,
4.]
Eliminative
E*lim"i*na*tive (?), a. (Physiol.) Relating to, or carrying on,
elimination.
Elinguate
E*lin"guate (?), v. t. [L. elinguare.] To deprive of the tongue.
[Obs.] Davies (Holy Roode).
Elinguation
E`lin*gua"tion (?), n. [L. elinguatio. See Elinguid.] (O. Eng. Law)
Punishment by cutting out the tongue.
Elinguid
E*lin"guid (?), a. [L. elinguis, prop., deprived of the tongue; hence,
speechless; e + lingua tongue.] Tongue-tied; dumb. [Obs.]
Eliquament
E*liq"ua*ment (?), n. A liquid obtained from fat, or fat fish, by
pressure.
Eliquation
El`i*qua"tion (?), n. [L. eliquatio, fr. eliquare to clarify, strain;
e + liquare to make liquid, melt.] (Metallurgy) The process of
separating a fusible substance from one less fusible, by means of a
degree of heat sufficient to melt the one and not the other, as an
alloy of copper and lead; liquation. Ure.
Elison
E*li"son (?), n. [L. elisio, fr. elidere, elisum, to strike out: cf.
F. \'82lision. See Elide.]
1. Division; separation. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. (Gram.) The cutting off or suppression of a vowel or syllable, for
the sake of meter or euphony; esp., in poetry, the dropping of a final
vowel standing before an initial vowel in the following word, when the
two words are drawn together.
Elisor
E*li"sor (?), n. [F. \'82liseur, fr. \'82lire to choose, L. eligere.
See Elect.] (Eng. Law) An elector or chooser; one of two persons
appointed by a court to return a jury or serve a writ when the sheriff
and the coroners are disqualified.
(?), n. [F., fr. \'82lire to choose, L. eligere. See Elect.] A choice or select
body; the flower; as, the \'82lite of society.
Elix
E*lix" (?), v. t. [See Elixate.] To extract. [Obs.] Marston.
Elixate
E*lix"ate (?), v. t. [L. elixatus, p. p. of elixare to seethe, fr.
elixus thoroughly boiled; e + lixare to boil, lix ashes.] To boil; to
seethe; hence, to extract by boiling or seething. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Elixation
El`ix*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lixation.] A seething; digestion.
[Obs.] Burton.
Elixir
E*lix"ir (?), n. [F. \'82lixir, Sp. elixir, Ar. eliks\'c6r the
philosopher's stone, prob. from Gr. ksh\'be to burn.]
1. (Med.) A tincture with more than one base; a compound tincture or
medicine, composed of various substances, held in solution by alcohol
in some form.
2. (Alchemy) An imaginary liquor capable of transmuting metals into
gold; also, one for producing life indefinitely; as, elixir vit\'91,
or the elixir of life.
3. The refined spirit; the quintessence.
The . . . elixir of worldly delights. South.
4. Any cordial or substance which invigorates.
The grand elixir, to support the spirits of human nature. Addison.
Elizabethan
E*liz"a*beth`an (?), a. Pertaining to Queen Elizabeth or her times,
esp. to the architecture or literature of her reign; as, the
Elizabethan writers, drama, literature. -- n. One who lived in England
in the time of Queen Elizabeth. Lowell.
Elk
Elk (?), n. [Icel. elgr; akin to Sw. elg, AS. eolh, OHG. elaho, MHG.
elch, cf. L. alces; perh. akin to E. eland.] (Zo\'94l.) A large deer,
of several species. The European elk (Alces machlis or Cervus alces)
is closely allied to the American moose. The American elk, or wapiti
(Cervus Canadensis), is closely related to the European stag. See
Moose, and Wapiti. Irish elk (Paleon.), a large, extinct, Quaternary
deer (Cervus giganteus) with widely spreading antlers. Its remains
have been found beneath the peat of swamps in Ireland and England. See
Illustration in Appendix; also Illustration of Antler. -- Cape elk
(Zo\'94l.), the eland.
Elk, Elke
Elk, Elke (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European wild or whistling swan
(Cygnus ferus).
Elknut
Elk"nut` (?), n. (Bot.) The buffalo nut. See under Buffalo.
Elkwood
Elk"wood` (?), n. The soft, spongy wood of a species of Magnolia (M.
Umbrella).
Ell
Ell (?), n. [AS. eln; akin to D. el, elle, G. elle, OHG. elina, Icel.
alin, Dan. alen, Sw. aln, Goth. alenia, L. ulna elbow, ell, Gr. Elbow,
Alnage.] A measure for cloth; -- now rarely used. It is of different
lengths in different countries; the English ell being 45 inches, the
Dutch or Flemish ell 27, the Scotch about 37.
Ell
Ell, n. (Arch.) See L.
Ellachick
El"la*chick (?), n. [Native Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) A fresh-water
tortoise (Chelopus marmoratus) of California; -- used as food.
Ellagic
El*lag"ic (?), a. [F., fr. galle gall (with the letters reversed).]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, gallnuts or gallic acid; as,
ellagic acid. Ellagic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance,
C14H8O9, found in bezoar stones, and obtained by the oxidation of
gallic acid.
Ellebore
El"le*bore (?), n. Hellebore. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Elleborin
El*leb"o*rin (?), n. See Helleborin.
Elleck
El"leck (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The red gurnard or
cuckoo fish. [Prov. Eng.]
Ellenge, Ellinge, a., Ellengeness, Ellingeness
El"lenge (?), El"linge (?), a., El"lenge*ness, El"linge*ness, n. See
Elenge, Elengeness. [Obs.]
Elles
El"les (?), adv. & conj. See Else. [Obs.]
Ellipse
El*lipse" (?), n. [Gr. ellipse. See Ellipsis.]
1. (Geom.) An oval or oblong figure, bounded by a regular curve, which
corresponds to an oblique projection of a circle, or an oblique
section of a cone through its opposite sides. The greatest diameter of
the ellipse is the major axis, and the least diameter is the minor
axis. See Conic section, under Conic, and cf. Focus.
2. (Gram.) Omission. See Ellipsis.
3. The elliptical orbit of a planet.
The Sun flies forward to his brother Sun; The dark Earth follows
wheeled in her ellipse. Tennyson.
Ellipsis
El*lip"sis (?), n.; pl. Ellipses (#). [L., fr. Gr. In, and Loan, and
cf. Ellipse.]
1. (Gram.) Omission; a figure of syntax, by which one or more words,
which are obviously understood, are omitted; as, the virtues I admire,
for, the virtues which I admire.
2. (Geom.) An ellipse. [Obs.]
Ellipsograph
El*lip"so*graph (?), n. [Ellipse + graph: cf. F. ellipsographe.] An
instrument for describing ellipses; -- called also trammel.
Ellipsoid
El*lip"soid (?), n. [Ellipse + -oid: cf. F. ellipsoide.] (Geom.) A
solid, all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles. See
Conoid, n., 2 (a).
NOTE: &hand; Th e el lipsoid has three principal plane sections, a,
b, and c, each at right angles to the other two, and each dividing
the solid into two equal and symmetrical parts. The lines of
meeting of these principal sections are the axes, or principal
diameters of the ellipsoid. The point where the three planes meet
is the center.
Ellipsoid of revolution, a spheroid; a solid figure generated by the
revolution of an ellipse about one of its axes. It is called a prolate
spheroid, or prolatum, when the ellipse is revolved about the major
axis, and an oblate spheroid, or oblatum, when it is revolved about
the minor axis.
Ellipsoid, Ellipsoidal
El*lip"soid (?), El`lip*soi"dal (?), a. Pertaining to, or shaped like,
an ellipsoid; as, ellipsoid or ellipsoidal form.
Elliptic, Elliptical
El*lip"tic (?), El*lip"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. elliptique. See Ellipsis.]
1. Of or pertaining to an ellipse; having the form of an ellipse;
oblong, with rounded ends.
The planets move in elliptic orbits. Cheyne.
2. Having a part omitted; as, an elliptical phrase.
Elliptic chuck. See under Chuck. -- Elliptic compasses, an instrument
arranged for drawing ellipses. -- Elliptic function. (Math.) See
Function. -- Elliptic integral. (Math.) See Integral. -- Elliptic
polarization. See under Polarization.
Elliptically
El*lip"tic*al*ly, adv.
1. In the form of an ellipse.
2. With a part omitted; as, elliptically expressed.
Ellipticity
El`lip*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. ellipticit\'82.] Deviation of an
ellipse or a spheroid from the form of a circle or a sphere;
especially, in reference to the figure of the earth, the difference
between the equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided by the
equatorial; thus, the ellipticity of the earth is .
NOTE: &hand; So me wr iters us e el lipticity as th e ratio of the
difference of the two semiaxes to the minor axis, instead of the
major.
Nichol.
Elliptic-lanceolate
El*lip"tic-lan"ce*o*late (?), a. (Bot.) Having a form intermediate
between elliptic and lanceolate.
Elliptograph
El*lip"to*graph (?), n. Same as Ellipsograph.
Ellwand
Ell"wand (?), n. Formerly, a measuring rod an ell long.
Elm
Elm (?), n. [AS. elm; akin to D. olm, OHG. elm, G. ulme, Icel. almr,
Dan. & Sw. alm, L. ulmus, and E. alder. Cf. Old.] (Bot.) A tree of the
genus Ulmus, of several species, much used as a shade tree,
particularly in America. The English elm is Ulmus campestris; the
common American or white elm is U. Americana; the slippery or red elm,
U. fulva. Elm beetle (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of beetles
(esp. Galeruca calmariensis), which feed on the leaves of the elm. --
Elm borer (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of beetles of which the
larv\'91 bore into the wood or under the bark of the elm (esp. Saperda
tridentata). -- Elm butterfly (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of
butterflies, which, in the caterpillar state, feed on the leaves of
the elm (esp. Vanessa antiopa and Grapta comma). See Comma butterfly,
under Comma. -- Elm moth (Zo\'94l.), one of numerous species of moths
of which the larv\'91 destroy the leaves of the elm (esp. Eugonia
subsignaria, called elm spanworm). -- Elm sawfly (Zo\'94l.), a large
sawfly (Cimbex Americana). The larva, which is white with a black
dorsal stripe, feeds on the leaves of the elm.
Elmen
Elm"en (?), a. Belonging to elms. [Obs.]
Elmo's fire
El"mo's fire` (?). See Corposant; also Saint Elmo's Fire, under Saint.
Elmy
Elm"y (?), a. Abounding with elms.
The simple spire and elmy grange. T. Warton.
Elocation
El`o*ca"tion (?), n. [Pref. e- + locate.]
1. A removal from the usual place of residence. [Obs.]
2. Departure from the usual state; an ecstasy. [Obs.]
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Page 481
Elocular
E*loc"u*lar (?), a. [Pref. e- + locular.] Having but one cell, or
cavity; not divided by a septum or partition.
Elocution
El`o*cu"tion (?), n. [L. elocutio, fr. eloqui, elocutus, to speak out:
cf. F. \'82locution. See Eloquent.]
1. Utterance by speech. [R.]
[Fruit] whose taste . . . Gave elocution to the mute, and taught
The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise. Milton.
2. Oratorical or expressive delivery, including the graces of
intonation, gesture, etc.; style or manner of speaking or reading in
public; as, clear, impressive elocution. "The elocution of a reader."
Whately
3. Suitable and impressive writing or style; eloquent diction. [Obs.]
To express these thoughts with elocution. Dryden.
Elocutionary
El`o*cu"tion*a*ry (?), a. Pertaining to elocution.
Elocutionist
El`o*cu"tion*ist, n. One who is versed in elocution; a teacher of
elocution.
Elocutive
El"o*cu`tive (?), a. Pertaining to oratorical expression. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Elodian
E*lo"di*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of tortoises, including
the terrapins, etc., in which the head and neck can be withdrawn.
(?), n. [F. See Elogium.] A panegyrical funeral oration.
Elogist
El"o*gist (?), n. [F. \'82logiste.] One who pronounces an \'82loge.
Elogium, Elogy
E*lo"gi*um (?), El"o*gy (?), n. [L. elogium a short saying, an
inscription, fr. Gr. .] The praise bestowed on a person or thing;
panegyric; eulogy.
Elohim
E*lo"him (?), n. [Heb.] One of the principal names by which God is
designated in the Hebrew Scriptures.
Elohist
E*lo"hist (?), n. The writer, or one of the writers, of the passages
of the Old Testament, notably those of Elohim instead of Jehovah, as
the name of the Supreme Being; -- distinguished from Jehovist. S.
Davidson.
Elohistic
El`o*his"tic (?), a. Relating to Elohim as a name of God; -- said of
passages in the Old Testament.
Eloign
E*loign" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eloigned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eloigning.] [F. \'82loigner, OF. esloignier; pref. es- (L. ex) + OF. &
F. loin far, far off, L. longe, fr. longus long. See Elongate.]
>[Written also eloin.]
1. To remove afar off; to withdraw. [Obs.]
From worldly cares he did himself eloign. Spenser.
2. (Law) To convey to a distance, or beyond the jurisdiction, or to
conceal, as goods liable to distress.
The sheriff may return that the goods or beasts are eloigned.
Blackstone.
Eloignate
E*loign"ate (?), v. t. To remove. [Obs.] Howell.
Eloignment
E*loign"ment (?), n. [F. \'82loignement.] Removal to a distance;
withdrawal. [Obs.]
Eloin
E*loin" (?), v. t. See Eloign.
Eloinate
E*loin"ate (?), v. t. See Eloignate.
Eloinment
E*loin"ment (?), n. See Eloignment.
Elong
E*long" (?; 115), v. t. [See Eloign, Elongate.]
1. To lengthen out; to prolong. [Obs.]
2. To put away; to separate; to keep off. [Obs.] Wyatt.
Elongate
E*lon"gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elongated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elongating.] [LL. elongatus, p. p. of elongare to remove, to prolong;
e + L. longus long. See Long, a., and cf. Eloign.]
1. To lengthen; to extend; to stretch; as, to elongate a line.
2. To remove further off. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Elongate
E*lon"gate, v. i. To depart to, or be at, a distance; esp., to recede
apparently from the sun, as a planet in its orbit. [R.]
Elongate
E*lon"gate (?), a. [LL. elongatus.] Drawn out at length; elongated;
as, an elongate leaf. "An elongate form." Earle.
Elongation
E`lon*ga"tion (?; 277), n. [LL. elongatio: cf. F. \'82longation.]
1. The act of lengthening, or the state of being lengthened;
protraction; extension. "Elongation of the fibers." Arbuthnot.
2. That which lengthens out; continuation.
May not the mountains of Westmoreland and Cumberland be considered
as elongations of these two chains? Pinkerton.
3. Removal to a distance; withdrawal; a being at a distance; distance.
The distant points in the celestial expanse appear to the eye in so
small a degree of elongation from one another, as bears no
proportion to what is real. Glanvill.
4. (Astron.) The angular distance of a planet from the sun; as, the
elongation of Venus or Mercury.
Elope
E*lope" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eloping.]
[D. ontloopen to run away; pref. ont- (akin to G. ent-, AS. and-, cf.
E. answer) + loopen to run; akin to E. leap. See Leap, v. t.] To run
away, or escape privately, from the place or station to which one is
bound by duty; -- said especially of a woman or a man, either married
or unmarried, who runs away with a paramour or a sweetheart.
Great numbers of them [the women] have eloped from their
allegiance. Addison.
Elopement
E*lope"ment (?), n. The act of eloping; secret departure; -- said of a
woman and a man, one or both, who run away from their homes for
marriage or for cohabitation.
Eloper
E*lop"er (?), n. One who elopes.
Elops
E"lops (?), n. [L. elops, helops, a kind of sea fish, Gr.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fishes. See Saury.
2. A mythical serpent. [Obs.] Milton.
Eloquence
El"o*quence (?), n. [F. \'82loquence, L. eloquentia, fr. eloquens. See
Eloquent.]
1. Fluent, forcible, elegant, and persuasive speech in public; the
power of expressing strong emotions in striking and appropriate
language either spoken or written, thereby producing conviction or
persuasion.
Eloquence is speaking out . . . out of the abundance of the heart.
Hare.
2. Fig.: Whatever produces the effect of moving and persuasive speech.
Silence that spoke and eloquence of eyes. Pope.
The hearts of men are their books; events are their tutors; great
actions are their eloquence. Macaulay.
3. That which is eloquently uttered or written.
O, let my books be then the eloquence And dumb presagers of my
speaking breast. Shak.
Syn. -- Oratory; rhetoric.
Eloquent
El"o*quent (?), a. [F. \'82loquent, L. eloquens, -entis, p. pr. of
eloqui to speak out, declaim; e + loqui to speak. See Loquacious.]
1. Having the power of expressing strong emotions or forcible
arguments in an elevated, impassioned, and effective manner; as, an
eloquent orator or preacher.
O Death, all-eloquent! You only prove What dust we dote on when 't
is man we love. Pope.
2. Adapted to express strong emotion or to state facts arguments with
fluency and power; as, an eloquent address or statement; an eloquent
appeal to a jury.
Eloquently
El"o*quent*ly, adv. In an eloquent manner.
Elrich OR Elritch
El"rich (?) OR El"ritch, a. Ghastly; preternatural. Same as Eldritch.
[Scot. & Local, Eng.]
Else
Else (?), a. & pron. [OE. & AS. elles otherwise, gen. sing. of an adj.
signifying other; akin to OHG. elles otherwise, OSw. \'84ljes, Sw.
eljest, Goth. aljis, adj., other, L. alius, Gr. Alias, Alien.] Other;
one or something beside; as, Who else is coming? What else shall I
give? Do you expect anything else? "Bastards and else." Shak.
NOTE: &hand; This word always follows its noun. It is usual to give
the possessive form to else rather than to the substantive; as,
somebody else's; no one else's. "A boy who is fond of somebody
else's pencil case." G. Eliot. "A suit of clothes like everybody
else's." Thackeray.
Else
Else, adv. & conj.
1. Besides; except that mentioned; in addition; as, nowhere else; no
one else.
2. Otherwise; in the other, or the contrary, case; if the facts were
different.
For thou desirest not sacrifice; else would I give it. Ps. li. 16.
NOTE: &hand; Af ter \'bfor', else is sometimes used expletively, as
simply noting an alternative. "Will you give thanks, . . . or else
shall I?"
Shak.
Elsewhere
Else"where` (?), adv.
1. In any other place; as, these trees are not to be found elsewhere.
2. In some other place; in other places, indefinitely; as, it is
reported in town and elsewhere.
Elsewhither
Else"whith`er (?), adv. To some, or any, other place; as, you will
have to go elsewhither for it. R. of Gloucester."For elsewhither was I
bound." Carlyle.
Elsewise
Else"wise` (?), adv. Otherwise. [R.]
Elsin
El"sin (?), n. A shoemaker's awl. [Prov. Eng.]
Elucidate
E*lu"ci*date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elucidated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elucidating (?).] [LL. elucidatus, p. p. of elucidare; e + lucidus
full of light, clear. See Lucid.] To make clear or manifest; to render
more intelligible; to illustrate; as, an example will elucidate the
subject.
Elucidation
E*lu`ci*da"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lucidation.] A making clear; the
act of elucidating or that which elucidates, as an explanation, an
exposition, an illustration; as, one example may serve for further
elucidation of the subject.
Elucidative
E*lu"ci*da`tive (?), a. Making clear; tending to elucidate; as, an
elucidative note.
Elucidator
E*lu"ci*da`tor (?), n. One who explains or elucidates; an expositor.
Elucidatory
E*lu"ci*da*to*ry (?), a. Tending to elucidate; elucidative. [R.]
Eluctate
E*luc"tate (?), v. i. [L. eluctatus, p. p. of eluctari to struggle
out; e + luctari to wrestle.] To struggle out; -- with out. [Obs.] Bp.
Hacket.
Eluctation
E`luc*ta"tion (?), n. [L. eluctatio.] A struggling out of any
difficulty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Elucubrate
E*lu"cu*brate (?), v. i. [L. elucubratus, p. p. of elucubrare to
compose by lamplight.] See Lucubrate. [Obs.] Blount.
Elucubration
E*lu`cu*bra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lucubration.] See Lucubration.
[Obs.] Evelyn.
Elude
E*lude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Eluding.] [L.
eludere, elusum; e + ludere to play: cf. F. \'82luder. See Ludicrous.]
To avoid slyly, by artifice, stratagem, or dexterity; to escape from
in a covert manner; to mock by an unexpected escape; to baffle; as, to
elude an officer; to elude detection, inquiry, search, comprehension;
to elude the force of an argument or a blow.
Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain, Then, hid in shades, eludes
he eager swain. Pope.
The transition from fetichism to polytheism seems a gradual process
of which the stages elude close definition. Tylor.
Syn. -- To evade; avoid; escape; shun; eschew; flee; mock; baffle;
frustrate; foil.
Eludible
E*lud"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being eluded; evadible.
Elul
E"lul (?), n. [Heb.] The sixth month of the Jewish year, by the sacred
reckoning, or the twelfth, by the civil reckoning, corresponding
nearly to the month of September.
Elumbated
E*lum"ba*ted (?), a. [L. elumbis; e + lumbus loin.] Weak or lame in
the loins. [Obs.]
Elusion
E*lu"sion (?), n. [LL. elusio, fr. L. eludere, elusum. See Elude.] Act
of eluding; adroit escape, as by artifice; a mockery; a cheat;
trickery.
Elusive
E*lu"sive (?), a. Tending to elude; using arts or deception to escape;
adroitly escaping or evading; eluding the grasp; fallacious.
Elusive of the bridal day, she gives Fond hopes to all, and all
with hopes deceives. Pope.
-- E*lu"sive*ly, adv. -- E*lu"sive*ness, n.
Elusory
E*lu"so*ry (?), a. [LL. elusorius.] Tending to elude or deceive;
evasive; fraudulent; fallacious; deceitful; deceptive. --
E*lu"so*ri*ness (#), n.
Elute
E*lute" (?), v. t. [L. elutus, p. p. of eluers to elute; e + luere to
wash.] To wash out. [R.] Arbuthnot.
Elutriate
E*lu"tri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elutriated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elutriating (?).] [L. elutriatus, p. p. of elutriare.] To wash or
strain out so as to purify; as, to elutriate the blood as it passes
through the lungs; to strain off or decant, as a powder which is
separated from heavier particles by being drawn off with water; to
cleanse, as by washing.
Elutriation
E*lu`tri*a"tion (?), n. The process of elutriating; a decanting or
racking off by means of water, as finer particles from heavier.
Eluxate
E*lux"ate (?), v. t. [Pref. e- + luxate.] To dislocate; to luxate.
Eluxation
E`lux*a"tion (?), n. Dislocation; luxation.
Elvan
Elv"an (?), a.
1. Pertaining to elves; elvish.
2. (Mining) Of or pertaining to certain veins of feldspathic or
porphyritic rock crossing metalliferous veins in the mining districts
of Cornwall; as, an elvan course.
Elvan, Elvanite
Elv"an, Elv"an*ite (?), n. The rock of an elvan vein, or the elvan
vein itself; an elvan course.
Elve
Elve (?), n. An old form of Elf.
Elver
El"ver (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A young eel; a young conger or sea eel; --
called also elvene.
Elves
Elves (?), n.; pl. of Elf.
Elvish
Elv"ish (?), a.
1. Pertaining to elves; implike; mischievous; weird; also, vacant;
absent in demeanor. See Elfish.
He seemeth elvish by his countenance. Chaucer.
2. Mysterious; also, foolish. [Obs.]
Elvishly
Elv"ish*ly, adv. In an elvish manner. Sir W. Scott.
Elwand
El"wand (?), n. [Obs.] See Ellwand.
Elysian
E*ly"sian (?), a. [L. Elysius, fr. Elysium.] Pertaining, or the abode
of the blessed after death; hence, yielding the highest pleasures;
exceedingly delightful; beatific. "Elysian shades." Massinger.
"Elysian age." Beattie.
This life of mortal breath Is but a suburb of the life elysian.
Longfellow.
Elysium
E*ly"sium (?), n.; pl. E. Elysiums (#), L. Elysia (#). [L., fr. Gr.
(Anc. Myth.)
1. A dwelling place assigned to happy souls after death; the seat of
future happiness; Paradise.
2. Hence, any delightful place.
An Elysian more pure and bright than that pf the Greeks. I. Taylor.
Elytriform
E*lyt"ri*form (?), a. [Elytrum + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the form,
or structure, of an elytron.
Elytrin
El"y*trin (?), n. [From Elytrum.] (Chem.) See Chitin.
Elytroid
El"y*troid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling a beetle's wing
case.
Elytron; 277, Elytrum
El"y*tron (?; 277), El"y*trum (-tr n.; pl. Elytra (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the anterior pair of wings in the Coleoptera and
some other insects, when they are thick and serve only as a protection
for the posterior pair. See Coleoptera. (b) One of the shieldlike
dorsal scales of certain annelids. See Ch\'91topoda.
Elzevir
El"ze*vir (?), a. (Bibliog.) Applied to books or editions (esp. of the
Greek New Testament and the classics) printed and published by the
Elzevir family at Amsterdam, Leyden, etc., from about 1592 to 1680;
also, applied to a round open type introduced by them.
The Elzevir editions are valued for their neatness, and the elegant
small types used. Brande & C.
'Em
'Em (?). An obsolete or colloquial contraction of the old form hem,
them. Addison.
Em
Em (?), n. (Print.) The portion of a line formerly occupied by the
letter m, then a square type, used as a unit by which to measure the
amount of printed matter on a page; the square of the body of a type.
Em-
Em-. A prefix. See En-.
Emacerate
E*mac"er*ate (?), v. t. & i. [L. emaceratus emaciated; e + macerare to
make soft.] To make lean or to become lean; to emaciate. [Obs.]
Bullokar.
Emaceration
E*mac`er*a"tion (?), n. Emaciation. [Obs.]
Emaciate
E*ma"ci*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emaciated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emaciating.] [L. emaciatus, p. p. of emaciare to make lean; e +
maciare to make lean or meager, fr. macies leanness, akin to macer
lean. See Meager.] To lose flesh gradually and become very lean; to
waste away in flesh. "He emaciated and pined away." Sir T. Browne.
Emaciate
E*ma"ci*ate, v. t. To cause to waste away in flesh and become very
lean; as, his sickness emaciated him.
Emaciate
E*ma"ci*ate (?), a. [L. emaciatus, p. p.] Emaciated. "Emaciate
steeds." T. Warton.
Emaciation
E*ma`ci*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82maciation.]
1. The act of making very lean.
2. The state of being emaciated or reduced to excessive leanness; an
excessively lean condition.
Emaculate
E*mac"u*late (?), v. t. [L. emaculatus, p. p. of emaculare to clear
from spots. See Maculate.] To clear from spots or stains, or from any
imperfection. [Obs.] Hales.
Emaculation
E*mac`u*la"tion (?), n. The act of clearing from spots. [Obs.]
Johnson.
\'92mail ombrant
\'92`mail` om`brant" (?). [F., shaded enamel.] (Fine Arts) An art or
process of flooding transparent colored glaze over designs stamped or
molded on earthenware or porcelain. Ure.
Emanant
Em"a*nant (?), a. [L. emanans, -antis, p. pr. of emanare. See
Emanate.] Issuing or flowing forth; emanating; passing forth into an
act, or making itself apparent by an effect; -- said of mental acts;
as, an emanant volition.
Emanate
Em"a*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emanated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emanating.] [L. emanare, emanatum, to emanate; e out + manare to flow,
prob. for madnare, and akin to madere to be wet, drip, madidus wet,
drenched, drunk, Gr. mad to boil, matta drunk. Cf. Emane.]
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Page 482
1. To issue forth from a source; to flow out from more or less
constantly; as, fragrance emanates from flowers.
2. To proceed from, as a source or fountain; to take origin; to arise,
to originate.
That subsisting from of government from which all special laws
emanate. De Quincey.
Syn. -- To flow; arise; proceed; issue; originate.
Emanate
Em"a*nate (?), a. Issuing forth; emanant. [R.]
Emanation
Em`a*na"tion (?), n. [L. emanatio: cf. F. \'82manation.]
1. The act of flowing or proceeding from a fountain head or origin.
South.
Those profitable and excellent emanations from God. Jer. Taylor.
2. That which issues, flows, or proceeds from any object as a source;
efflux; an effluence; as, perfume is an emanation from a flower.
An emanation of the indwelling life. Bryant.
Emanative
Em"a*na*tive (?), a. Issuing forth; effluent.
Emanatively
Em"a*na*tive*ly, adv. By an emanation.
Emanatory
Em"a*na*to*ry (?), a. Emanative; of the nature of an emanation. Dr. H.
More.
Emancipate
E*man"ci*pate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emancipated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Emancipating.] [L. emancipatus, p. p. of emancipare to emancipate;
e + mancipare to transfer ownership in, fr. manceps purchaser, as
being one who laid his hand on the thing bought; manus hand + capere
to take. See Manual, and Capable.] To set free from the power of
another; to liberate; as: (a) To set free, as a minor from a parent;
as, a father may emancipate a child. (b) To set free from bondage; to
give freedom to; to manumit; as, to emancipate a slave, or a country.
Brasidas . . . declaring that he was sent to emancipate Hellas.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
(c) To free from any controlling influence, especially from anything
which exerts undue or evil influence; as, to emancipate one from
prejudices or error.
From how many troublesome and slavish impertinences . . . he had
emancipated and freed himself. Evelyn.
To emancipate the human conscience. A. W. Ward.
Emancipate
E*man"ci*pate (?), a. [L. emancipatus, p. p.] Set at liberty.
Emancipation
E*man`ci*pa"tion (?), n. [L. emancipatio: cf. F. \'82mancipation.] The
act of setting free from the power of another, from slavery,
subjection, dependence, or controlling influence; also, the state of
being thus set free; liberation; as, the emancipation of slaves; the
emancipation of minors; the emancipation of a person from prejudices;
the emancipation of the mind from superstition; the emancipation of a
nation from tyranny or subjection. Syn. -- Deliverance; liberation;
release; freedom; manumission; enfranchisement.
Emancipationist
E*man`ci*pa"tion*ist, n. An advocate of emancipation, esp. the
emancipation of slaves.
Emancipator
E*man"ci*pa`tor (?), n. [L.] One who emancipates.
Emancipatory
E*man"ci*pa*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to emancipation, or tending to
effect emancipation. "Emancipatory laws." G. Eliot.
Emancipist
E*man"ci*pist (?), n. A freed convict. [Australia]
Emarginate
E*mar"gi*nate (?), v. t. [L. emarginare; e out + marginare to furnish
with a margin, fr. margo margin.] To take away the margin of.
Emarginate, Emarginated
E*mar"gi*nate (?), E*mar"gi*na`ted (?), a.
1. Having the margin interrupted by a notch or shallow sinus.
2. (Bot.) Notched at the summit.
3. (Cryst.) Having the edges truncated.
Emarginately
E*mar"gi*nate*ly, adv. In an emarginate manner.
Emargination
E*mar`gi*na"tion (?), n. The act of notching or indenting the margin,
or the state of being so notched; also, a notch or shallow sinus in a
margin.
Emasculate
E*mas"cu*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emasculated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Emasculating (?).] [L. emasculare; e + masculus male, masculine.
See Male masculine.]
1. To deprive of virile or procreative power; to castrate power; to
castrate; to geld.
2. To deprive of masculine vigor or spirit; to weaken; to render
effeminate; to vitiate by unmanly softness.
Luxury had not emasculated their minds. V. Knox.
Emasculate
E*mas"cu*late (?), a. Deprived of virility or vigor; unmanned; weak.
"Emasculate slave." Hammond.
Emasculation
E*mas`cu*la"tion (?), n.
1. The act of depriving of virility, or the state of being so
deprived; castration.
2. The act of depriving, or state of being deprived, of vigor or
strength; unmanly weakness.
Emasculator
E*mas"cu*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, emasculates.
Emasculatory
E*mas"cu*la*to*ry (?), a. Serving or tending to emasculate.
Embace
Em*bace" (?), v. t. See Embase. [Obs.]
Embale
Em*bale" (?), v. t. [F. emballer; pref. em- (L. in) + balle bale. See
1st Bale.] [Obs.]
1. To make up into a bale or pack. Johnson.
2. To bind up; to inclose.
Legs . . . embaled in golden buskins. Spenser.
Emball
Em*ball" (?), v. t. [See Embale.] To encircle or embrace. [Obs.] Sir
P. Sidney.
Embalm
Em*balm" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embalmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embalming.] [F. embaumer; pref. em- (L. in) + baume balm. See Balm.]
1. To anoint all over with balm; especially, to preserve from decay by
means of balm or other aromatic oils, or spices; to fill or impregnate
(a dead body), with aromatics and drugs that it may resist
putrefaction.
Joseph commanded his servants, the physicians, to embalm embalmed
Israel. Gem. l. 2.
2. To fill or imbue with sweet odor; to perfume.
With fresh dews embalmed the earth. Milton.
3. To preserve from decay or oblivion as if with balm; to perpetuate
in remembrance.
Those tears eternal that embalm the dead. Pope.
Embalmer
Em*balm"er (?), n. One who embalms.
Embalmment
Em*balm"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embaumement.] The act of embalming. [R.]
Malone.
Embank
Em*bank" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embanked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embanking.] [Pref. em- + bank. Cf. Imbank.] To throw up a bank so as
to confine or to defend; to protect by a bank of earth or stone.
Embankment
Em*bank"ment (?), n.
1. The act of surrounding or defending with a bank.
2. A structure of earth, gravel, etc., raised to prevent water from
overflowing a level tract of country, to retain water in a reservoir,
or to carry a roadway, etc.
Embar
Em*bar" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embanking.] [Pref. em- + bar: cf. F. embarrer. Cf. Embargo.]
1. To bar or shut in; to inclose securely, as with bars.
Where fast embarred in mighty brazen wall. Spenser.
2. To stop; to hinder by prohibition; to block up.
He embarred all further trade. Bacon.
Embarcation
Em`bar*ca"tion (?), n. Same as Embarkation.
Embarge
Em*barge" (?), v. t. To put in a barge. [Poetic] Drayton.
Embargo
Em*bar"go (?), n.; pl. Embargoes (#). [Sp., fr. embargar to arrest,
restrain; pref. em- (L. in) + Sp. barra bar, akin to F. barre bar. See
Bar.] An edict or order of the government prohibiting the departure of
ships of commerce from some or all of the ports within its dominions;
a prohibition to sail.
NOTE: &hand; If th e em bargo is la id on an enemy's ships, it is
called a hostile embargo; if on the ships belonging to citizens of
the embargoing state, it is called a civil embargo.
Embargo
Em*bar"go, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embargoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embargoing.] To lay an embargo on and thus detain; to prohibit from
leaving port; -- said of ships, also of commerce and goods.
Embark
Em*bark" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embarking.] [F. embarquer; pref. em- (L. in) + barque bark: cf. Sp.
embarcar, It. imbarcare. See Bark. a vessel.]
1. To cause to go on board a vessel or boat; to put on shipboard.
2. To engage, enlist, or invest (as persons, money, etc.) in any
affair; as, he embarked his fortune in trade.
It was the reputation of the sect upon which St. Paul embarked his
salvation. South.
Embark
Em*bark", v. i.
1. To go on board a vessel or a boat for a voyage; as, the troops
embarked for Lisbon.
2. To engage in any affair.
Slow to embark in such an undertaking. Macaulay.
Embarkation
Em`bar*ka"tion (?), n.
1. The act of putting or going on board of a vessel; as, the
embarkation of troops.
2. That which is embarked; as, an embarkation of Jesuits. Smollett.
Embarkment
Em*bark"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embarquement.] Embarkation. [R.]
Middleton.
Embarrass
Em*bar"rass (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarrassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embarrassing.] [F. embarrasser (cf. Sp. embarazar, Pg. embara, Pr.
barras bar); pref. em- (L. in) + LL. barra bar. See Bar.]
1. To hinder from freedom of thought, speech, or action by something
which impedes or confuses mental action; to perplex; to discompose; to
disconcert; as, laughter may embarrass an orator.
2. To hinder from liberty of movement; to impede; to obstruct; as,
business is embarrassed; public affairs are embarrassed.
3. (Com.) To involve in difficulties concerning money matters; to
incumber with debt; to beset with urgent claims or demands; -- said of
a person or his affairs; as, a man or his business is embarrassed when
he can not meet his pecuniary engagements. Syn. -- To hinder; perplex;
entangle; confuse; puzzle; disconcert; abash; distress. -- To
Embarrass, Puzzle, Perplex. We are puzzled when our faculties are
confused by something we do not understand. We are perplexed when our
feelings, as well as judgment, are so affected that we know not how to
decide or act. We are embarrassed when there is some bar or hindrance
upon us which impedes our powers of thought, speech, or motion. A
schoolboy is puzzled by a difficult sum; a reasoner is perplexed by
the subtleties of his opponent; a youth is sometimes so embarrassed
before strangers as to lose his presence of mind.
Embarrass
Em*bar"rass, n. [F. embarras. See Embarrass, v. t.] Embarrassment.
[Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
Embarrassment
Em*bar"rass*ment (?), n. [F. embarrassement.]
1. A state of being embarrassed; perplexity; impediment to freedom of
action; entanglement; hindrance; confusion or discomposure of mind, as
from not knowing what to do or to say; disconcertedness.
The embarrassment which inexperienced minds have often to express
themselves upon paper. W. Irving.
The embarrassments tom commerce growing out of the late
regulations. Bancroft.
2. Difficulty or perplexity arising from the want of money to pay
debts.
Embase
Em*base" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + base, a. or v. t.: cf. OF.
embaissier.] To bring down or lower, as in position, value, etc.; to
debase; to degrade; to deteriorate. [Obs.]
Embased the valleys, and embossed the hills. Sylvester.
Alloy in coin of gold . . . may make the metal work the better, but
it embaseth it. Bacon.
Such pitiful embellishments of speech as serve for nothing but to
embase divinity. South.
Embasement
Em*base"ment (?), n. [From Embase, v. t.] Act of bringing down;
depravation; deterioration. South.
Embassade
Em"bas*sade (?), n. [F. ambassade. See Embassy.] An embassy. See
Ambassade. [Obs.] Shak.
Embassador
Em*bas"sa*dor (?), n. [F. ambassadeur, Sp. embajador, LL. ambassiator,
ambasciator. See Embassy, and cf. Ambassador.] Same as Ambassador.
Stilbon, that was a wise embassadour, Was sent to Corinth. Chaucer.
Myself my king's embassador will go. Dryden.
Embassadorial
Em*bas`sa*do"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F. ambassadorial.] Same as
Ambassadorial.
Embassadress
Em*bas"sa*dress (?), n. [Cf. F. ambassadrice.] Same as Ambassadress.
Embassadry
Em*bas"sa*dry (?), n. [Cf. OF. ambassaderie.] Embassy. [Obs.] Leland.
Embassage
Em"bas*sage (?; 48), n.
1. An embassy. "He sent a solemn embassage." Bacon.
Except your embassages have better success. Motley.
2. Message; errand. Shak.
Embassy
Em"bas*sy (?), n.; pl. Embassies (#). [OF. ambass\'82e, embasc\'82e,
LL. ambasciata, fr. ambasciare for ambactiare to go on a mission, fr.
L. ambactus vassal, dependent, of Celtic or German origin; cf. W.
amaeth husbandman, Goth. andbahts servant, G. amt office, OHG. ambaht.
Cf. Ambassador.]
1. The public function of an ambassador; the charge or business
intrusted to an ambassador or to envoys; a public message to; foreign
court concerning state affairs; hence, any solemn message.
He sends the angels on embassies with his decrees. Jer. Taylor.
2. The person or persons sent as ambassadors or envoys; the ambassador
and his suite; envoys.
3. The residence or office of an ambassador.
NOTE: &hand; Sometimes, but rarely, spelled ambassy.
Embastardize
Em*bas"tard*ize (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + bastardize.] To bastardize.
[Obs.]
Embathe
Em*bathe" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + bathe. Cf. Imbathe.] To bathe; to
imbathe.
Embattail
Em*bat"tail (?), v. t. [See Embattle.] To furnish with battlements; to
fortify as with battlements. [Archaic]
To embattail and to wall about thy cause With iron-worded proof.
Tennyson.
Embattle
Em*bat"tle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embattled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embattling (?).] [OF. embataillier; pref. em- (L. in) + F. bataille
battle. See Battle, and cf. Battlement.] To arrange in order of
battle; to array for battle; also, to prepare or arm for battle; to
equip as for battle.
One in bright arms embattled full strong. Spenser.
Here once the embattled farmers stood And fired the shot heard
round the world. Emerson.
Embattle
Em*bat"tle, v. i. To be arrayed for battle. [Obs.]
Embattle
Em*bat"tle, v. t. [See Battlement.] To furnish with battlements.
"Embattled house." Wordsworth.
Embattled
Em*bat"tled (?), a.
1. Having indentations like a battlement. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. (Her.) Having the edge broken like battlements; -- said of a
bearing such as a fess, bend, or the like.
3. Having been the place of battle; as, an embattled plain or field.
J. Baillie.
Embattlement
Em*bat"tle*ment (?), n.
1. An intended parapet; a battlement.
2. The fortifying of a building or a wall by means of battlements.
Embay
Em*bay" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + bay to bathe.] To bathe; to soothe or
lull as by bathing. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embay
Em*bay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Embaying.]
[Pref. em- + 1st bay.] To shut in, or shelter, as in a bay.
If that the Turkish fleet Be not ensheltered and embayed, they are
drowned. Shak.
Embayment
Em*bay"ment (?), n. A bay. [R.]
The embayment which is terminated by the land of North Berwick. Sir
W. Scott.
Embeam
Em*beam" (?), v. t. To make brilliant with beams. [R.] G. Fletcher.
Embed
Em*bed" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embedded; p. pr. & vb. n. Embedding.]
[Pref. em- + bed. Cf. Imbed.] To lay as in a bed; to lay in
surrounding matter; to bed; as, to embed a thing in clay, mortar, or
sand.
Embedment
Em*bed"ment (?), n. The act of embedding, or the state of being
embedded.
Embellish
Em*bel"lish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embellished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embellishing.] [OE. embelisen, embelisshen, F. embellir; pref. em- (L.
in) + bel, beau, beautiful. See Beauty.] To make beautiful or elegant
by ornaments; to decorate; to adorn; as, to embellish a book with
pictures, a garden with shrubs and flowers, a narrative with striking
anecdotes, or style with metaphors. Syn. -- To adorn; beautify; deck;
bedeck; decorate; garnish; enrich; ornament; illustrate. See Adorn.
Embellisher
Em*bel"lish*er (?), n. One who embellishes.
Embellishment
Em*bel"lish*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embellissement.]
1. The act of adorning, or the state of being adorned; adornment.
In the selection of their ground, as well as in the embellishment
of it. Prescott.
2. That which adds beauty or elegance; ornament; decoration; as,
pictorial embellishments.
The graces and embellishments of the exterior man. I. Taylor.
Ember
Em"ber (?), n. [OE. emmeres, emeres, AS. ; akin to Icel. eimyrja, Dan.
emmer, MHG. eimere; cf. Icel. eimr vapor, smoke.] A lighted coal,
smoldering amid ashes; -- used chiefly in the plural, to signify
mingled coals and ashes; the smoldering remains of a fire. "He rakes
hot embers." Dryden.
He takes a lighted ember out of the covered vessel. Colebrooke.
Ember
Em"ber, a. [OE. ymber, AS. ymbren, ymbryne, prop., running around,
circuit; ymbe around + ryne a running, fr. rinnan to run. See Amb-,
and Run.] Making a circuit of the year of the seasons; recurring in
each quarter of the year; as, ember fasts.
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Page 483
Ember days (R. C. & Eng. Ch.), days set apart for fasting and prayer
in each of the four seasons of the year. The Council of Placentia [A.
D. 1095] appointed for ember days the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday
after the first Sunday in Lent, Whitsuntide, the 14th of September,
and the 13th of December. The weeks in which these days fall are
called ember weeks.
Ember-goose
Em"ber-goose` (?), n. [Cf. Norw. ember, hav-imber, hav-immer, Icel.
himbrin, himbrimi.] (Zo\'94l.) The loon or great northern diver. See
Loon. [Written also emmer-goose and imber-goose.]
Emberings
Em"ber*ings (?), n. pl. Ember days. [Obs.]
Embetter
Em*bet"ter (?), v. t. To make better. [Obs.]
Embezzle
Em*bez"zle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embezzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embezzling (?).] [Norm. F. embeseiller to destroy; cf. OF. besillier
to ill treat, ravage, destroy. Cf. Bezzle.]
1. To appropriate fraudulently to one's own use, as property intrusted
to one's care; to apply to one's private uses by a breach of trust;
as, to embezzle money held in trust.
2. To misappropriate; to waste; to dissipate in extravagance. [Obs.]
To embezzle our money in drinking or gaming. Sharp.
Embezzlement
Em*bez"zle*ment (?), n. The fraudulent appropriation of property by a
person to whom it has been intrusted; as, the embezzlement by a clerk
of his employer's; embezzlement of public funds by the public officer
having them in charge.
NOTE: &hand; La rceny de notes a taking, by fraud or stealth, from
another's possession; embezzlement denotes an appropriation, by
fraud or stealth, of property already in the wrongdoer's
possession. In England and in most of the United States
embezzlement is made indictable by statute.
Embezzler
Em*bez"zler (?), n. One who embezzles.
Embillow
Em*bil"low (?), v. i. To swell or heave like a [R.] Lisle.
Embiotocoid
Em`bi*ot"o*coid (?), a. [NL. Embiotoca, the name of one genus + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Belonging to, or resembling, the Embiotocid\'91. -- n. One
of a family of fishes (Embiotocid\'91) abundant on the coast of
California, remarkable for being viviparous; -- also called surf
fishes and viviparous fishes. See Illust. in Append.
Embitter
Em*bit"ter (?), v. t. To make bitter or sad. See Imbitter.
Embitterment
Em*bit"ter*ment (?), n. The act of embittering; also, that which
embitters.
Emblanch
Em*blanch" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + 1st blanch.] To whiten. See Blanch.
[Obs.] Heylin.
Emblaze
Em*blaze" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblazed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblazing.] [Pref. em- + 1st blaze.]
1. To adorn with glittering embellishments.
No weeping orphan saw his father's stores Our shrines irradiate, or
emblaze the floors. Pope.
2. To paint or adorn with armorial figures; to blazon, or emblazon.
[Archaic]
The imperial ensign, . . . streaming to the wind, With gems and
golden luster rich emblazed. Milton.
Emblazon
Em*bla"zon (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblazoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblazoning.] [Pref. em- + blazon. Cf. Emblaze.]
1. To depict or represent; -- said of heraldic bearings. See Blazon.
2. To deck in glaring colors; to set off conspicuously; to display
pompously; to decorate.
The walls were . . . emblazoned with legends in commemoration of
the illustrious pair. Prescott.
Emblazoner
Em*bla"zon*er (?), n. One who emblazons; also, one who publishes and
displays anything with pomp.
Emblazoning
Em*bla"zon*ing, n. The act or art of heraldic decoration; delineation
of armorial bearings.
Emblazonment
Em*bla"zon*ment (?), n. An emblazoning.
Emblazonry
Em*bla"zon*ry (?), n.; pl. Emblazonries (. The act or art of an
emblazoner; heraldic or ornamental decoration, as pictures or figures
on shields, standards, etc.; emblazonment.
Thine ancient standard's rich emblazonry. Trench.
Emblem
Em"blem (?), n. [F. embl\'8ame, L. emblema, -atis, that which is put
in or on, inlaid work, fr. Gr. In, and Parable.]
1. Inlay; inlaid or mosaic work; something ornamental inserted in a
surface. [Obs.] Milton.
2. A visible sign of an idea; an object, or the figure of an object,
symbolizing and suggesting another object, or an idea, by natural
aptness or by association; a figurative representation; a typical
designation; a symbol; as, a balance is an emblem of justice; a
scepter, the emblem of sovereignty or power; a circle, the emblem of
eternity. "His cicatrice, an emblem of war, here on his sinister
cheek." Shak.
3. A picture accompanied with a motto, a set of verse, or the like,
intended as a moral lesson or meditation.
NOTE: &hand; Wr iters an d ar tists of th e 17th century gave much
attention and study to the composition of such emblems, and many
collections of them were published.
Syn. -- Sign; symbol; type; device; signal; token. -- Sign, Emblem,
Symbol, Type. Sign is the generic word comprehending all significant
representations. An emblem is a visible object representing another by
a natural suggestion of characteristic qualities, or an habitual and
recognized association; as, a circle, having no apparent beginning or
end, is an emblem of eternity; a particular flag is the emblem of the
country or ship which has adopted it for a sign and with which it is
habitually associated. Between emblem and symbol the distinction is
slight, and often one may be substituted for the other without
impropriety. See Symbol. Thus, a circle is either an emblem or a
symbol of eternity; a scepter, either an emblem or a symbol of
authority; a lamb, either an emblem or a symbol of meekness. "An
emblem is always of something simple; a symbol may be of something
complex, as of a transaction . . . In consequence we do not speak of
actions emblematic." C. J. Smith. A type is a representative example,
or model, exhibiting the qualities common to all individuals of the
class to which it belongs; as, the Monitor is a type of a class of war
vessels.
Emblem
Em"blem (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embleming.] To represent by an emblem; to symbolize. [R.]
Emblemed by the cozening fig tree. Feltham.
Emblematic, Emblematical
Em`blem*at"ic (?), Em`blem*at"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. embl\'82matique.]
Pertaining to, containing, or consisting in, an emblem; symbolic;
typically representative; representing as an emblem; as, emblematic
language or ornaments; a crown is emblematic of royalty; white is
emblematic of purity. -- Em`blem*at"ic*al*ly, adv.
Emblematiccize
Em`blem*at"ic*cize (?), v. t. To render emblematic; as, to
emblematicize a picture. [R.] Walpole.
Emblematist
Em*blem"a*tist (?), n. A writer or inventor of emblems. Sir T. Browne.
Emblematize
Em*blem"a*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblematized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Emblematizing (?).] To represent by, or as by, an emblem; to
symbolize.
Anciently the sun was commonly emblematized by a starry or radiate
figure. Bp. Hurd.
Emblement
Em"ble*ment (?), n. [OF. embleer to sow with corn, F. emblaver, fr.
LL. imbladare; pref. in- + LL. bladum grain, F. bl\'82.] (Law) The
growing crop, or profits of a crop which has been sown or planted; --
used especially in the plural. The produce of grass, trees, and the
like, is not emblement. Wharton's Law Dict.
Emblemize
Em"blem*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblemized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblemizing (?).] To represent by an emblem; to emblematize. [R.]
Embloom
Em*bloom" (?), v. t. To emblossom. Savage.
Emblossom
Em*blos"som (?), v. t. To cover or adorn with blossoms.
On the white emblossomed spray. J. Cunningham.
Embodier
Em*bod"i*er (?), n. One who embodies.
Embodiment
Em*bod"i*ment (?), n.
1. The act of embodying; the state of being embodied.
2. That which embodies or is embodied; representation in a physical
body; a completely organized system, like the body; as, the embodiment
of courage, or of courtesy; the embodiment of true piety.
Embody
Em*bod"y (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embodied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embodying.] To form into a body; to invest with a body; to collect
into a body, a united mass, or a whole; to incorporate; as, to embody
one's ideas in a treatise. [Written also imbody.]
Devils embodied and disembodied. Sir W. Scott.
The soul, while it is embodied, can no more be divided from sin.
South.
Embody
Em*bod"y, v. i. To unite in a body, a mass, or a collection; to
coalesce. [Written also imbody.]
Firmly to embody against this court party. Burke.
Embogue
Em*bogue" (?), v. i. [See Disembogue.] To disembogue; to discharge, as
a river, its waters into the sea or another river. [R.]
Emboguing
Em*bo"guing (?), n. The mouth of a river, or place where its waters
are discharged. [R.]
Emboil
Em*boil" (?), v. i. To boil with anger; to effervesce. [Obs.] Spenser.
Emboil
Em*boil", v. t. To cause to boil with anger; to irritate; to chafe.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Embo\'8ctement
Em`bo\'8cte"ment` (?), n. [F., fr. embo\'8cter to fit in, insert; en
in + bo\'8cte box.] (Biol.) The hypothesis that all living things
proceed from pre\'89xisting germs, and that these encase the germs of
all future living things, inclosed one within another. Buffon.
Embolden
Em*bold"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emboldened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emboldening (?).] To give boldness or courage to; to encourage. Shak.
The self-conceit which emboldened him to undertake this dangerous
office. Sir W. Scott.
Emboldener
Em*bold"en*er (?), n. One who emboldens.
Embolic
Em*bol"ic (?), a. [Gr. Embolism.]
1. Embolismic.
2. (Med.) Pertaining to an embolism; produced by an embolism; as, an
embolic abscess.
3. (Biol.) Pushing or growing in; -- said of a kind of invagination.
See under Invagination.
Embolism
Em"bo*lism (?), n. [L. embolismus, from Gr. embolisme. See Emblem.]
1. Intercalation; the insertion of days, months, or years, in an
account of time, to produce regularity; as, the embolism of a lunar
month in the Greek year.
2. Intercalated time. Johnson.
3. (Med.) The occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus. Embolism in
the brain often produces sudden unconsciousness and paralysis.
Embolismal
Em`bo*lis"mal (?), a. Pertaining to embolism; intercalary; as,
embolismal months.
Embolismatic, Embolismatical
Em`bo*lis*mat"ic (?), Em`bo*lis*mat"ic*al (?), a. Embolismic.
Embolismic, Embolismical
Em`bo*lis"mic (?), Em`bo*lis"mic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. embolismique.]
Pertaining to embolism or intercalation; intercalated; as, an
embolismic year, i. e., the year in which there is intercalation.
Embolite
Em"bo*lite (?), n. [From Gr. (Min.) A mineral consisting of both the
chloride and the bromide of silver.
Embolus
Em"bo*lus (?), n.; pl. Emboli (#). [L., fr. Gr. Emblem.]
1. Something inserted, as a wedge; the piston or sucker of a pump or
syringe.
2. (Med.) A plug of some substance lodged in a blood vessel, being
brought thither by the blood current. It consists most frequently of a
clot of fibrin, a detached shred of a morbid growth, a globule of fat,
or a microscopic organism.
Emboly
Em"bo*ly (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) Embolic invagination. See under
Invagination.
Embonpoint
Em`bon`point" (?), n. [F., fr. en bon point in good condition. See
Bon, and Point.] Plumpness of person; -- said especially of persons
somewhat corpulent.
Emborder
Em*bor"der (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + border: cf. OF. emborder.]
To furnish or adorn with a border; to imborder.
Embosom
Em*bos"om (?), v. t. [Written also imbosom.]
1. To take into, or place in, the bosom; to cherish; to foster.
Glad to embosom his affection. Spenser.
2. To inclose or surround; to shelter closely; to place in the midst
of something.
His house embosomed in the grove. Pope.
Some tender flower . . . . Embosomed in the greenest glade. Keble.
Emboss
Em*boss" (?; 115), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embossed (?; 115); p. pr. & vb.
n. Embossing.] [Pref. em- (L. in) + boss: cf. OF. embosser to swell in
bunches.]
1. To arise the surface of into bosses or protuberances; particularly,
to ornament with raised work.
Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss. Milton.
2. To raise in relief from a surface, as an ornament, a head on a
coin, or the like.
Then o'er the lofty gate his art embossed Androgeo's death. Dryden.
Exhibiting flowers in their natural color embossed upon a purple
ground. Sir W. Scott.
Emboss
Em*boss", v. t. [Etymology uncertain.] To make to foam at the mouth,
like a hunted animal. [Obs.]
Emboss
Em*boss", v. t. [Cf. Pr. & Sp. emboscar, It. imboscare, F. embusquer,
and E. imbosk.]
1. To hide or conceal in a thicket; to imbosk; to inclose, shelter, or
shroud in a wood. [Obs.]
In the Arabian woods embossed. Milton.
2. To surround; to ensheath; to immerse; to beset.
A knight her met in mighty arms embossed. Spenser.
Emboss
Em*boss", v. i. To seek the bushy forest; to hide in the woods. [Obs.]
S. Butler.
Embossed
Em*bossed" (?; 115), a.
1. Formed or covered with bosses or raised figures.
2. Having a part projecting like the boss of a shield.
3. Swollen; protuberant. [Obs.] "An embossed carbuncle." Shak.
Embosser
Em*boss"er (?; 115), n. One who embosses.
Embossment
Em*boss"ment (?), n.
1. The act of forming bosses or raised figures, or the state of being
so formed.
2. A bosslike prominence; figure in relief; raised work; jut;
protuberance; esp., a combination of raised surfaces having a
decorative effect. "The embossment of the figure." Addison.
Embottle
Em*bot"tle (?), v. t. To bottle. [R.] Phillips.
Embouchure
Em`bou`chure" (?), n. [F., fr. emboucher to put to the mouth; pref.
em- (L. in) + bouche the mouth. Cf. Embouge, Debouch.]
1. The mouth of a river; also, the mouth of a cannon.
2. (Mus.) (a) The mouthpiece of a wind instrument. (b) The shaping of
the lips to the mouthpiece; as, a flute player has a good embouchure.
Embow
Em*bow" (?), v. t. To bend like a bow; to curve. "Embowed arches."
[Obs. or R.] Sir W. Scott.
With gilded horns embowed like the moon. Spenser.
Embowel
Em*bow"el (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emboweled (?) or Embowelled; p. pr.
& vb. n. Emboweling or Embowelling.]
1. To disembowel.
The barbarous practice of emboweling. Hallam.
The boar . . . makes his trough In your emboweled bosoms. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Disembowel is the preferable word in this sense.
2. To imbed; to hide in the inward parts; to bury.
Or deep emboweled in the earth entire. Spenser.
Emboweler
Em*bow"el*er (?), n. One who takes out the bowels. [Written also
emboweller.]
Embowelment
Em*bow"el*ment (?), n. Disembowelment.
Embower
Em*bow"er (?), v. t. To cover with a bower; to shelter with trees.
[Written also imbower.] [Poetic] Milton. -- v. i. To lodge or rest in
a bower. [Poetic] "In their wide boughs embow'ring. " Spenser.
Embowl
Em*bowl" (?), v. t. To form like a bowl; to give a globular shape to.
[Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Embox
Em*box" (?), v. t. To inclose, as in a box; to imbox.
Emboyssement
Em*boysse"ment (?), n. [See Embushment.] An ambush. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Embrace
Em*brace" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (intens.) + brace, v. t.] To fasten
on, as armor. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embrace
Em*brace", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embraced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Embracing
(?).] [OE. embracier, F. embrasser; pref. em- (L. in) + F. bras arm.
See Brace, n.]
1. To clasp in the arms with affection; to take in the arms; to hug.
I will embrace him with a soldier's arm, That he shall shrink under
my courtesy. Shak.
Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them. Acts xx. 1.
2. To cling to; to cherish; to love. Shak.
3. To seize eagerly, or with alacrity; to accept with cordiality; to
welcome. "I embrace these conditions." "You embrace the occasion."
Shak.
What is there that he may not embrace for truth? Locke.
4. To encircle; to encompass; to inclose.
Low at his feet a spacious plain is placed, Between the mountain
and the stream embraced. Denham.
5. To include as parts of a whole; to comprehend; to take in; as,
natural philosophy embraces many sciences.
Not that my song, in such a scanty space, So large a subject fully
can embrace. Dryden.
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Page 484
6. To accept; to undergo; to submit to. "I embrace this fortune
patiently." Shak.
7. (Law) To attempt to influence corruptly, as a jury or court.
Blackstone. Syn. -- To clasp; hug; inclose; encompass; include;
Embrace
Em*brace" (?), v. i. To join in an embrace.
Embrace
Em*brace", n. Intimate or close encircling with the arms; pressure to
the bosom; clasp; hug.
We stood tranced in long embraces, Mixed with kisses. Tennyson.
Embracement
Em*brace"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embrassement.]
1. A clasp in the arms; embrace.
Dear though chaste embracements. Sir P. Sidney.
2. State of being contained; inclosure. [Obs.]
In the embracement of the parts hardly reparable, as bones. Bacon.
3. Willing acceptance. [Obs.]
A ready embracement of . . . his kindness. Barrow.
Embraceor
Em*brace"or (?), n. (Law) One guilty of embracery.
Embracer
Em*bra"cer (?), n. One who embraces.
Embracery
Em*bra"cer*y (?), n. (Law) An attempt to influence a court, jury,
etc., corruptly, by promises, entreaties, money, entertainments,
threats, or other improper inducements.
Embracive
Em*bra"cive (?), a. Disposed to embrace; fond of caressing. [R.]
Thackeray.
Embraid
Em*braid" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + 1st braid.]
1. To braid up, as hair. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To upbraid. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
Embranchment
Em*branch"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embranchement.] The branching forth, as
of trees.
Embrangle
Em*bran"gle (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + brangle.] To confuse; to
entangle.
I am lost and embrangled in inextricable difficulties. Berkeley.
Embrasure
Em*bra"sure (?; 135), n. [See Embrace.] An embrace. [Obs.] "Our locked
embrasures."" Shak.
Embrasure
Em*bra"sure (277), n. [F., fr. embraser, perh. equiv. to \'82braser to
widen an opening; of unknown origin.]
1. (Arch.) A splay of a door or window.
Apart, in the twilight gloom of a window's embrasure, Sat the
lovers. Longfellow.
2. (Fort.) An aperture with slant sides in a wall or parapet, through
which cannon are pointed and discharged; a crenelle. See Illust. of
Casemate.
Embrave
Em*brave" (?), v. t.
1. To inspire with bravery. [Obs.] Beaumont.
2. To decorate; to make showy and fine. [Obs.]
And with sad cypress seemly it embraves. Spenser.
Embrawn
Em*brawn" (?), v. t. To harden. [Obs.]
It will embrawn and iron-crust his flesh. Nash.
Embread
Em*bread" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + bread = 1st braid.] To
braid. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embreathement
Em*breathe"ment (?), n. The act of breathing in; inspiration. [R.]
The special and immediate suggestion, embreathement, and dictation
of the Holy Ghost. W. Lee.
Embrew
Em*brew" (?), v. t. To imbrue; to stain with blood. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embright
Em*bright" (?), v. t. To brighten. [Obs.]
Embrocate
Em"bro*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embrocated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embrocating.] [NL. embrocatus, p. p. of embrocare; cf. Gr. (Med.) To
moisten and rub (a diseased part) with a liquid substance, as with
spirit, oil, etc., by means of a cloth or sponge.
Embrocation
Em`bro*ca"tion (?), n. [NL. embrocatio: cf. F. embrocation.] (Med.)
(a) The act of moistening and rubbing a diseased part with spirit,
oil, etc. (b) The liquid or lotion with which an affected part is
rubbed.
Embroglio
Em*brogl"io (?), n. See Imbroglio.
Embroider
Em*broid"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embroidered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embroidering.] [OE. embrouden. See Broider.] To ornament with
needlework; as, to embroider a scarf.
Thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen. Ex. xxviii. 39.
Embroiderer
Em*broid"er*er (?), n. One who embroiders.
Embroidery
Em*broid"er*y (?), n.; pl. Embroideries (.
1. Needlework used to enrich textile fabrics, leather, etc.; also, the
art of embroidering.
2. Diversified ornaments, especially by contrasted figures and colors;
variegated decoration.
Fields in spring's embroidery are dressed. Addison.
A mere rhetorical embroidery of phrases. J. A. Symonds.
Embroil
Em*broil" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embroiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embroiling.] [F. embrouiller; pref. em- (L. in) + brouiller. See 1st
Broil, and cf. Imbroglio.]
1. To throw into confusion or commotion by contention or discord; to
entangle in a broil or quarrel; to make confused; to distract; to
involve in difficulties by dissension or strife.
The royal house embroiled in civil war. Dryden.
2. To implicate in confusion; to complicate; to jumble.
The Christian antiquities at Rome . . . are so embroiled with
Addison.
Syn. -- To perplex; entangle; distract; disturb; disorder; trouble;
implicate; commingle.
Embroil
Em*broil", n. See Embroilment.
Embroiler
Em*broil"er (?), n. One who embroils.
Embroilment
Em*broil"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embrouillement.] The act of embroiling,
or the condition of being embroiled; entanglement in a broil. Bp.
Burnet.
Embronze
Em*bronze" (?), v. t.
1. To embody in bronze; to set up a bronze representation of, as of a
person. [Poetic]
2. To color in imitation of bronze. See Bronze, v. t.
Embrothel
Em*broth"el (?), v. t. To inclose in a brothel. [Obs.] Donne.
Embroude, Embrowde, Embroyde
Em*broud"e (?), Em*browd"e, Em*broyd"e (?), v. t. To embroider; to
adorn. [Obs.]
Embrowded was he, as it were a mead All full of fresshe flowers,
white and red. Chaucer.
Embrown
Em*brown" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + brown.] To give a brown
color to; to imbrown.
Summer suns embrown the laboring swain. Fenton.
Embrue
Em*brue" (?), v. t. See Imbrue, Embrew. [Obs.]
Embrute
Em*brute" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + brute. Cf. Imbrute.] To
brutify; to imbrute.
All the man embruted in the swine. Cawthorn.
Embryo
Em"bry*o (?), n.; pl. Embryos (#). [F. embryon, Gr. in) + brew.]
(Biol.) The first rudiments of an organism, whether animal or plant;
as: (a) The young of an animal in the womb, or more specifically,
before its parts are developed and it becomes a fetus (see Fetus). (b)
The germ of the plant, which is inclosed in the seed and which is
developed by germination. In embryo, in an incipient or undeveloped
state; in conception, but not yet executed. "The company little
suspected what a noble work I had then in embryo." Swift.
Embryo
Em"bry*o, a. Pertaining to an embryo; rudimentary; undeveloped; as, an
embryo bud.
Embryogenic
Em`bry*o*gen"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Pertaining to the development of an
embryo.
Embryogeny
Em`bry*og"e*ny (?), n. [Gr. embryog\'82nie.] (Biol.) The production
and development of an embryo.
Embryogony
Em`bry*og"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The formation of an embryo.
Embryography
Em`bry*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] (Biol.) The general
description of embryos.
Embryologic, Embryological
Em`bry*o*log"ic (?), Em`bry*o*log"ic*al (?), a. (Biol.) Of or
pertaining to embryology.
Embryologist
Em`bry*ol"o*gist (?), n. One skilled in embryology.
Embryology
Em`bry*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. embryologie.] (Biol.) The
science which relates to the formation and development of the embryo
in animals and plants; a study of the gradual development of the ovum
until it reaches the adult stage.
Embryon
Em"bry*on (?), n. & a. [NL.] See Embryo.
Embryonal
Em"bry*o*nal (?), a. (Biol.) Pertaining to an embryo, or the initial
state of any organ; embryonic.
Embryonary
Em"bry*o*na*ry (?), a. (Biol.) Embryonic.
Embryonate, Embryonated
Em"bry*o*nate (?), Em"bry*o*na`ted (?), a. (Biol.) In the state of, or
having, an embryonal.
Embryonic
Em`bry*on"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to an embryo; embryonal;
rudimentary. Embryonic sac OR vesicle (Bot.), the vesicle within which
the embryo is developed in the ovule; -- sometimes called also amnios
sac, and embryonal sac.
Embryoniferous
Em`bry*o*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Embryo + -ferous.] (Biol.) Having an
embryo.
Embryoniform
Em`bry*on"i*form (?), a. [Embryo + -form.] (Biol.) Like an embryo in
form.
Embryoplastic
Em`bry*o*plas"tic (?), n. [Embryo + plastic.] (Biol.) Relating to, or
aiding in, the formation of an embryo; as, embryoplastic cells.
Embryo sac
Em"bry*o sac` (?). (Bot.) See under Embryonic.
Embryotic
Em`bry*ot"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Embryonic.
Embryotomy
Em`bry*ot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. embryotomie.] (Med.) The cutting a fetus
into pieces within the womb, so as to effect its removal.
Embryotroph
Em"bry*o*troph` (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The material from which an embryo
is formed and nourished.
Embryous
Em"bry*ous (?), a. Embryonic; undeveloped. [R.]
Embulk
Em*bulk" (?), v. t. To enlarge in the way of bulk. [R.] Latham.
Emburse
Em*burse" (?), v. t. [See Imburse.] To furnish with money; to imburse.
[Obs.]
Embush
Em*bush" (?), v. t. [Cf. Ambush, Imbosk.] To place or hide in a
thicket; to ambush. [Obs.] Shelton.
Embushment
Em*bush"ment (?), n. [OE. embusshement, OF. embuschement, F.
emb\'96chement.] An ambush. [Obs.]
Embusy
Em*bus"y (?), v. t. To employ. [Obs.] Skelton.
Eme
Eme (?), n. [See Eame.] An uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.
Emeer
E*meer" (?), n. Same as Emir.
Emenagogue
E*men"a*gogue (?), n. See Emmenagogue.
Emend
E*mend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emended; p. pr. & vb. n. Emending.]
[L. emendare; e out + menda, mendum, fault, blemish: cf. F.
\'82mender. Cf. Amend, Mend.] To purge of faults; to make better; to
correct; esp., to make corrections in (a literary work); to alter for
the better by textual criticism, generally verbal. Syn. -- To amend;
correct; improve; better; reform; rectify. See Amend.
Emendable
E*mend"a*ble (?), a. [L. emendabilis. Cf. Amendable.] Corrigible;
amendable. [R.] Bailey.
Emendately
Em"en*date*ly (?), adv. Without fault; correctly. [Obs.]
Emendation
Em`en*da"tion (?), n. [L. emendatio: cf. F. \'82mendation.]
1. The act of altering for the better, or correcting what is erroneous
or faulty; correction; improvement. "He lies in his sin without
repentance or emendation." Jer. Taylor.
2. Alteration by editorial criticism, as of a text so as to give a
better reading; removal of errors or corruptions from a document; as,
the book might be improved by judicious emendations.
Emendator
Em"en*da`tor (?), n. [L.] One who emends or critically edits.
Emendatory
E*mend"a*to*ry (?), a. [L. emendatorius.] Pertaining to emendation;
corrective. "Emendatory criticism."" Johnson.
Emender
E*mend"er (?), n. One who emends.
Emendicate
E*men"di*cate (?), v. t. [L. emendicatus, p. p. of emendicare to
obtain by begging. See Mendicate.] To beg. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Emerald
Em"er*ald (?), n. [OE. emeraude, OF. esmeraude, esmeralde, F.
\'82meraude, L. smaragdus, fr. Gr. marakata.]
1. (Min.) A precious stone of a rich green color, a variety of beryl.
See Beryl.
2. (Print.) A kind of type, in size between minion and nonpare
NOTE: \'b5 This line is printed in the type called emerald.
Emerald
Em"er*ald, a. Of a rich green color, like that of the emerald.
"Emerald meadows." Byron. Emerald fish (Zo\'94l.), a fish of the Gulf
of Mexico (Gobionellus oceanicus), remarkable for the brilliant green
and blue color of the base of the tongue; -- whence the name; --
called also esmeralda. -- Emerald green, a very durable pigment, of a
vivid light green color, made from the arseniate of copper; green
bice; Scheele's green; -- also used adjectively; as, emerald green
crystals. -- Emerald Isle, a name given to Ireland on account of the
brightness of its verdure. -- Emerald spodumene, OR Lithia emerald.
(Min.) See Hiddenite. -- Emerald nickel. (Min.) See Zaratite.
Emeraldine
Em"er*ald*ine (?; 104), n. A green compound used as a dyestuff,
produced from aniline blue when acted upon by acid.
Emeraud
Em"er*aud (?), n. [See Emerald, n.] An emerald. [Obs.] Spenser.
Emerge
E*merge" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emerged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emerging (?).] [L. emergere, emersum; e out + mergere to dip, plunge.
See Merge.] To rise out of a fluid; to come forth from that in which
anything has been plunged, enveloped, or concealed; to issue and
appear; as, to emerge from the water or the ocean; the sun emerges
from behind the moon in an eclipse; to emerge from poverty or
obscurity. "Thetis . . . emerging from the deep." Dryden.
Those who have emerged from very low, some from the lowest, classes
of society. Burke.
Emergence
E*mer"gence (?), n.; pl. Emergences (. The act of rising out of a
fluid, or coming forth from envelopment or concealment, or of rising
into view; sudden uprisal or appearance.
The white color of all refracted light, at its very first emergence
. . . is compounded of various colors. Sir I. Newton.
When from the deep thy bright emergence sprung. H. Brooke.
Emergency
E*mer"gen*cy (?), n.; pl. Emergencies (#). [See Emergence.]
1. Sudden or unexpected appearance; an unforeseen occurrence; a sudden
occasion.
Most our rarities have been found out by casual emergency.
Glanvill.
2. An unforeseen occurrence or combination of circumstances which
calls for immediate action or remedy; pressing necessity; exigency.
To whom she might her doubts propose, On all emergencies that rose.
Swift.
A safe counselor in most difficult emergencies. Brougham.
Syn. -- Crisis; conjuncture; exigency; pinch; strait; necessity.
Emergent
E*mer"gent (?), a. [L. emergens, p. pr. of emergere.]
1. Rising or emerging out of a fluid or anything that covers or
conceals; issuing; coming to light.
The mountains huge appear emergent. Milton.
2. Suddenly appearing; arising unexpectedly;
Protection granted in emergent danger. Burke.
Emergent year (Chron.), the epoch or date from which any people begin
to compute their time or dates; as, the emergent year of Christendom
is that of the birth of Christ; the emergent year of the United States
is that of the declaration of their independence. -- E*mer"gent*ly,
adv. -- E*mer"gent*ness, n. [R.]
Emeril
Em"er*il (?), n.
1. Emery. [Obs.] Drayton.
2. A glazier's diamond. Crabb.
Emerited
Em"er*it*ed (?), a. [See Emeritus.] Considered as having done
sufficient public service, and therefore honorably discharged. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
Emeritus
E*mer"i*tus (?), a. [L., having served out his time, p. p. of emerere,
emereri, to obtain by service, serve out one's term; e out + merere,
mereri, to merit, earn, serve.] Honorably discharged from the
performance of public duty on account of age, infirmity, or long and
faithful services; -- said of an officer of a college or pastor of a
church.
Emeritus
E*mer"i*tus, n.; pl. Emeriti (#). [L.] A veteran who has honorably
completed his service.
Emerods, Emeroids
Em"er*ods (?), Em"er*oids (?), n. pl. [OF. emmeroides. See
Hemorrhoids.] Hemorrhoids; piles; tumors; boils. [R.] Deut. xxviii.
27.
Emersed
E*mersed" (?), a. [L. emersus, p. p. See Emerge.] (Bot.) Standing out
of, or rising above, water. Gray.
Emersion
E*mer"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82mersion. See Emerge.]
1. The act of emerging, or of rising out of anything; as, emersion
from the sea; emersion from obscurity or difficulties.
Their immersion into water and their emersion out of the same.
Knatchbull.
2. (Astron.) The reappearance of a heavenly body after an eclipse or
occultation; as, the emersion of the moon from the shadow of the
earth; the emersion of a star from behind the moon.
Emery
Em"er*y (?), n. [F. \'82meri, earlier \'82meril, It. smeriglio, fr.
Gr. smear. Cf. Emeril.] (Min.) Corundum in the form of grains or
powder, used in the arts for grinding and polishing hard substances.
Native emery is mixed with more or less magnetic iron. See the Note
under Corundum. Emery board, cardboard pulp mixed with emery and
molded into convenient. -- Emery cloth OR paper, cloth or paper on
which the powder of emery is spread and glued for scouring and
polishing. -- Emery wheel, a wheel containing emery, or having a
surface of emery. In machine shops, it is sometimes called a buff
wheel, and by the manufacturers of cutlery, a glazer.
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Emesis
Em"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Emetic.] (Med.) A vomiting.
Emetic
E*met"ic (?), a. [L. emeticus, Gr. vomere: cf. F. \'82m\'82tique. See
Vomit.] (Med.) Inducing to vomit; exciting the stomach to discharge
its contents by the mouth. -- n. A medicine which causes vomiting.
Emetical
E*met"ic*al (?), a. Inducing to vomit; producing vomiting; emetic. --
E*met"ic*al*ly, adv.
Emetine
Em"e*tine (?; 104), n. [See Emetic.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
bitter alkaloid extracted from ipecacuanha root, and regarded as its
peculiar emetic principle.
Emeto-cathartic
Em`e*to-ca*thar"tic (?), a. [Gr. cathartic.] (Med.) Producing vomiting
and purging at the same time.
Emeu, OR Emew
E"meu, OR E"mew (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Emu.
(?), n. [F.] A seditious tumult; an outbreak.
Emforth
Em*forth" (?), prep. [AS. em-, emn-, in comp. equiv. to efen equal +
for forth.] According to; conformably to. [Obs.] Chaucer. Emforth my
might, so far as lies in my power. [Obs.]
Emgalla
Em*gal"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) [Native name.] The South African wart
hog. See Wart hog.
Emicant
Em"i*cant (?), a. [L. emicans, p. pr. of emicare. See Emication.]
Beaming forth; flashing. [R.]
Which emicant did this and that way dart. Blackmore.
Emication
Em`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L. emicatio, fr. emicare to spring out or forth;
e. out + micare to move quickly to and fro, to sparkle.] A flying off
in small particles, as heated iron or fermenting liquors; a sparkling;
scintillation. Sir T. Browne.
Emiction
E*mic"tion (?), n. [L. e out + mingere, mictum, to make water.]
1. The voiding of urine.
2. What is voided by the urinary passages; urine.
Emictory
E*mic"to*ry (?), a. & n. (Med.) Diuretic.
Emigrant
Em"i*grant (?), a. [L. emigrans, -antis, p. pr. of emigrare to
emigrate: cf. F. \'82migrant. See Emigrate, v. i.]
1. Removing from one country to another; emigrating; as, an emigrant
company or nation.
2. Pertaining to an emigrant; used for emigrants; as, an emigrant ship
or hospital.
Emigrant
Em"i*grant, n. One who emigrates, or quits one country or region to
settle in another. Syn. -- Emigrant, Immigrant. Emigrant and
emigration have reference to the country from which the migration is
made; the correlative words immigrant and immigration have reference
to the country into which the migration is made, the former marking
the going out from a country, the latter the coming into it.
Emigrate
Em"i*grate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emigrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emigrating.] [L. emigratus, p. p. of emigrare to remove, emigrate; e
out + migrare to migrate. See Migrate.] To remove from one country or
State to another, for the purpose of residence; to migrate from home.
Forced to emigrate in a body to America. Macaulay.
They [the Huns] were emigrating from Tartary into Europe in the
time of the Goths. J. H. Newman.
Emigrate
Em"i*grate (?), a. Migratory; roving. [Obs.]
Emigration
Em`i*gra"tion (?), n. [L. emigratio: cf. F. \'82migration.]
1. The act of emigrating; removal from one country or state to
another, for the purpose of residence, as from Europe to America, or,
in America, from the Atlantic States to the Western.
2. A body emigrants; emigrants collectively; as, the German
emigration.
Emigrational
Em`i*gra"tion*al (?), a. Relating to emigration.
Emigrationist
Em`i*gra"tion*ist, n. An advocate or promoter of emigration.
Emigrator
Em"i*gra`tor (?), n. One who emigrates; am emigrant. [R.]
(?), n. [F., emigrant.] One of the natives of France who were opposed to the
first Revolution, and who left their country in consequence.
Eminence
Em"i*nence (?), n. [L. eminentia, fr. eminens eminent: cf. F.
\'82minence.]
1. That which is eminent or lofty; a high ground or place; a height.
Without either eminences or cavities. Dryden.
The temple of honor ought to be seated on an eminence. Burke.
2. An elevated condition among men; a place or station above men in
general, either in rank, office, or celebrity; social or moral
loftiness; high rank; distinction; preferment. Milton.
You 've too a woman's heart, which ever yet Affected eminence,
wealth, sovereignty. Shak.
3. A title of honor, especially applied to a cardinal in the Roman
Catholic Church.
Eminency
Em"i*nen*cy (?), n.; pl Eminences (. State of being eminent; eminence.
"Eminency of estate." Tillotson.
Eminent
Em"i*nent (?), a. [L. eminens, -entis, p. pr. of eminere to stand out,
be prominent; e out + minere (in comp.) to project; of uncertain
origin: cf. F. \'82minent. Cf. Menace.]
1. High; lofty; towering; prominent. "A very eminent promontory."
Evelyn
2. Being, metaphorically, above others, whether by birth, high
station, merit, or virtue; high in public estimation; distinguished;
conspicuous; as, an eminent station; an eminent historian, statements,
statesman, or saint. <-- by distinctive accomplishment -->
Right of eminent domain. (Law) See under Domain. Syn. -- Lofty;
elevated; exalted; conspicuous; prominent; remarkable; distinguished;
illustrious; famous; celebrated; renowned; well-known. See
Distinguished.
Eminently
Em"i*nent*ly, adv. In an eminent manner; in a high degree;
conspicuously; as, to be eminently learned.
Emir, Emeer
E"mir (?), E*meer" (?), n. [Ar. em\'c6r, am\'c6r, commander: cf. F.
\'82mir. Cf. Admiral, Ameer.] An Arabian military commander,
independent chieftain, or ruler of a province; also, an honorary title
given to the descendants of Mohammed, in the line of his daughter
Fatima; among the Turks, likewise, a title of dignity, given to
certain high officials.
Emirship, Emeership
E`mir*ship, E*meer"ship, n. The rank or office of an Emir.
Emissary
Em"is*sa*ry (?), n.; pl. Emissaries (#). [L. emissarius, fr. emittere,
emissum, to send out: cf. F. \'82missaire. See Emit.] An agent
employed to advance, in a covert manner, the interests of his
employers; one sent out by any power that is at war with another, to
create dissatisfaction among the people of the latter.
Buzzing emissaries fill the ears Of listening crowds with
jealousies and fears. Dryden.
Syn. -- Emissary, Spy. A spy is one who enters an enemy's camp or
territories to learn the condition of the enemy; an emissary may be a
secret agent appointed not only to detect the schemes of an opposing
party, but to influence their councils. A spy must be concealed, or he
suffers death; an emissary may in some cases be known as the agent of
an adversary without incurring similar hazard.
Emissary
Em"is*sa*ry, a.
1. Exploring; spying. B. Jonson.
2. (Anat.) Applied to the veins which pass out of the cranium through
apertures in its walls.
Emissaryship
Em"is*sa*ry*ship`, n. The office of an emissary.
Emission
E*mis"sion (?), n. [L. emissio: cf. F. \'82mission. See Emit.]
1. The act of sending or throwing out; the act of sending forth or
putting into circulation; issue; as, the emission of light from the
sun; the emission of heat from a fire; the emission of bank notes. <--
now, we issue bank notes. -->
2. That which is sent out, issued, or put in circulation at one time;
issue; as, the emission was mostly blood.
Emission theory (Physics), the theory of Newton, regarding light as
consisting of emitted particles or corpuscles. See Corpuscular theory,
under Corpuscular.
Emissitious
Em`is*si"tious (?), a. [L. emissitius, fr. emittere.] Looking, or
narrowly examining; prying. [Obs.] "Those emissitious eyes." Bp. Hall.
Emissive
E*mis"sive (?), a. Sending out; emitting; as, emissive powers.
Emissivity
Em`is*siv"i*ty (?), n. Tendency to emission; comparative facility of
emission, or rate at which emission takes place, as of heat from the
surface of a heated body.
Emissory
E*mis"so*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Same as Emissary, a., 2.
Emit
E*mit" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emitting.] [L. emittere to send out; e out + mittere to send. See
Mission.]
1. To send forth; to throw or give out; to cause to issue; to give
vent to; to eject; to discharge; as, fire emits heat and smoke;
boiling water emits steam; the sun emits light.
Lest, wrathful, the far-shooting god emit His fatal arrows. Prior.
2. To issue forth, as an order or decree; to print and send into
circulation, as notes or bills of credit.
No State shall . . . emit bills of credit. Const. of the U. S.
Emittent
E*mit"tent (?), a. [L. emittens, p. pr. emittere.] Sending forth;
emissive. Boyle.
Emmantle
Em*man"tle (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + mantle: cf. F. emmanteler.
Cf. Inmantle.] To cover over with, or as with, a mantle; to put about
as a protection. [Obs.] Holland.
Emmanuel
Em*man"u*el (?), n. See Immanuel. Matt. i. 23.
Emmarble
Em*mar"ble (?), v. t. To turn to marble; to harden. [Obs.]
Thou dost emmarble the proud heart. Spenser.
Emmenagogue
Em*men"a*gogue (?), n. [Gr. n. pl., menses (emm\'82nagogue.] (Med.) A
medicine that promotes the menstrual discharge.
Emmet
Em"met (?), n. [OE. emete, amete, AS. \'91mete. See Ant.] (Zo\'94l.)
An ant. Emmet hunter (Zo\'94l.), the wryneck.
Emmetropia
Em`me*tro"pi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) That refractive condition
of the eye in which the rays of light are all brought accurately and
without undue effort to a focus upon the retina; -- opposed to
hypermetropia, myopia, an astigmatism.
Emmetropic
Em`me*trop"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, emmetropia.
The normal or emmetropic eye adjusts itself perfectly for all
distances. J. Le Conte.
Emmetropy
Em*met"ro*py (?), n. (Med.) Same as Emmetropia.
Emmew
Em*mew" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + mew. Cf. Immew.] To mew or
coop up. [Obs.] Shak.
Emmove
Em*move" (?), v. t. [For emove: cf. F. \'82mouvoir, L. emovere. See
Emotion.] To move; to rouse; to excite. [Obs.]
Emodin
Em"o*din (?), n. (Chem.) An orange-red crystalline substance,
C15H10O5, obtained from the buckthorn, rhubarb, etc., and regarded as
a derivative of anthraquinone; -- so called from a species of rhubarb
(Rheum emodei).
Emollescence
Em`ol*les"cence (?), n. [L. e out + mollescere, incho. fr. mollere to
be soft, mollis soft.] That degree of softness in a body beginning to
melt which alters its shape; the first or lowest degree of fusibility.
Emolliate
E*mol"li*ate (?; 106), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emolliated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Emolliating.] [See Emollient, a.] To soften; to render
effeminate.
Emolliated by four centuries of Roman domination, the Belgic
colonies had forgotten their pristine valor. Pinkerton.
Emollient
E*mol"lient (?; 106), a. [L. emolliens, -entis, p. pr. of emollire to
soften; e out + mollire to soften, mollis soft: cf. F. \'82mollient.
See Mollify.] Softening; making supple; acting as an emollient.
"Emollient applications." Arbuthnot.
Emollient
E*mol"lient (?; 105), n. (Med.) An external something or soothing
application to allay irritation, soreness, etc.
Emollition
Em`ol*li"tion (?), n. The act of softening or relaxing; relaxation.
Bacon.
Emolument
E*mol"u*ment (?), n. [L. emolumentum, lit., a working out, fr. emoliri
to move out, work out; e out + moliri to set in motion, exert one's
self, fr. moles a huge, heavy mass: cf. F. \'82molument. See Mole a
mound.] The profit arising from office, employment, or labor; gain;
compensation; advantage; perquisites, fees, or salary.
A long . . . enjoyment of the emoluments of office. Bancroft.
Emolumental
E*mol`u*men"tal (?), a. Pertaining to an emolument; profitable. [R.]
Evelyn.
Emong, Emongst
E*mong" (?), E*mongst" (?), (prep. Among. [Obs.]
Emotion
E*mo"tion (?), n. [L. emovere, emotum, to remove, shake, stir up; e
out + movere to move: cf. F. \'82motion. See Move, and cf. Emmove.] A
moving of the mind or soul; excitement of the feelings, whether
pleasing or painful; disturbance or agitation of mind caused by a
specific exciting cause and manifested by some sensible effect on the
body.
How different the emotions between departure and return! W. Irving.
Some vague emotion of delight. Tennyson.
Syn. -- Feeling; agitation; tremor; trepidation; perturbation;
passion; excitement. -- Emotion, Feeling, Agitation. Feeling is the
weaker term, and may be of the body or the mind. Emotion is of the
mind alone, being the excited action of some inward susceptibility or
feeling; as, an emotion of pity, terror, etc. Agitation may the bodily
or mental, and usually arises in the latter case from a vehement
struggle between contending desires or emotions. See Passion.
"Agitations have but one character, viz., that of violence; emotions
vary with the objects that awaken them. There are emotions either of
tenderness or anger, either gentle or strong, either painful or
pleasing." Crabb.
Emotioned
E*mo"tioned (?), a. Affected with emotion. [R.] "The emotioned soul."
Sir W. Scott.
Emotional
E*mo"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, emotion;
excitable; easily moved; sensational; as, an emotional nature.
Emotionalism
E*mo"tion*al*ism (?), n. The cultivation of an emotional state of
mind; tendency to regard things in an emotional manner.
Emotionalize
E*mo"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To give an emotional character to.
Brought up in a pious family where religion was not talked about
emotionalized, but was accepted as the rule of thought and conduct.
Froude.
Emotive
E*mo"tive (?), a. Attended by, or having the character of, emotion. H.
Brooke. -- E*mo"tive*ly, adv.
Emotiveness
E*mo"tive*ness, n. Susceptibility to emotion. G. Eliot.
Emotivity
E`mo*tiv"i*ty (?), n. Emotiveness. Hickok.
Emove
E*move" (?), v. t. To move. [Obs.] Thomson.
Empair
Em*pair" (?), v. t. To impair. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empaistic
Em*pais"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Fine Arts) Having to do with inlaid work; --
especially used with reference to work of the ancient Greeks.
Empale
Em*pale" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + pale: cf. OF. empalir.] To
make pale. [Obs.]
No bloodless malady empales their face. G. Fletcher.
Empale
Em*pale", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Empaling.]
[OF. empaler to palisade, pierce, F. empaler to punish by empalement;
pref. em- (L. in) + OF. & F. pal a pale, stake. See Pale a stake, and
cf. Impale.] >[Written also impale.]
1. To fence or fortify with stakes; to surround with a line of stakes
for defense; to impale.
All that dwell near enemies empale villages, to save themselves
from surprise. Sir W. Raleigh.
2. To inclose; to surround. See Impale.
3. To put to death by thrusting a sharpened stake through the body.
4. (Her.) Same as Impale.
Empalement
Em*pale"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. empalement, fr. empaler. See Empale.]
>[Written also impalement.]
1. A fencing, inclosing, or fortifying with stakes.
2. A putting to death by thrusting a sharpened stake through the body.
3. (Her.) Same as Impalement.
Empanel
Em*pan"el (?), n. [Pref. em- (L. in) + panel.] (Law) A list of jurors;
a panel. [Obs.] Cowell.
Empanel
Em*pan"el, v. t. See Impanel.
Empanoplied
Em*pan"o*plied (?), a. [Pref. em- + panoply.] Completely armed;
panoplied. Tennyson.
Emparadise
Em*par"a*dise (?), v. t. Same as Imparadise.
Empark
Em*park" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + park: cf. OF. emparchier, emparkier.
Cf. Impark.] To make a park of; to inclose, as with a fence; to
impark. [Obs.]
Emparlance
Em*par"lance (?), n. Parley; imparlance. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empasm
Em*pasm" (?), n. [F. empasme, fr. Gr. A perfumed powder sprinkled upon
the body to mask the odor of sweat.
Empassion
Em*pas"sion (?), v. t. To move with passion; to affect strongly. See
Impassion. [Obs.]
Those sights empassion me full near. Spenser.
Empassionate
Em*pas"sion*ate (?), a. Strongly affected. [Obs.]
The Briton Prince was sore empassionate. Spenser.
Empawn
Em*pawn" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + pawn. Cf. Impawn.] To put in pawn; to
pledge; to impawn.
To sell, empawn, and alienate the estates. Milman.
Empeach
Em*peach" (?), v. t. To hinder. See Impeach. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empearl
Em*pearl" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + pearl. Cf. Impearl.] To form like
pearls; to decorate with, or as with, pearls; to impearl.
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Page 486
Empeople
Em*peo"ple (?), v. t. To form into a people or community; to inhabit;
to people. [Obs.]
We now know 't is very well empeopled. Sir T. Browne.
Emperess
Em"per*ess (?), n. See Empress. [Obs.]
Emperice
Em"per*ice (?), n. An empress. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Emperil
Em*per"il (?), v. t. To put in peril. See Imperil. Spenser.
Emperished
Em*per"ished (?), a. Perished; decayed. [Obs.]
I deem thy brain emperished be. Spenser.
Emperor
Em"per*or (?), n. [OF. empereor, empereour, F. empereur, L. imperator,
fr. imperare to command; in in + parare to prepare, order. See Parade,
and cf. Imperative, Empress.] The sovereign or supreme monarch of an
empire; -- a title of dignity superior to that of king; as, the
emperor of Germany or of Austria; the emperor or Czar of Russia.
Emperor goose (Zo\'94l.), a large and handsome goose (Philacte
canagica), found in Alaska. -- Emperor moth (Zo\'94l.), one of several
large and beautiful bombycid moths, with transparent spots on the
wings; as the American Cecropia moth (Platysamia cecropia), and the
European species (Saturnia pavonia). -- Emperor paper. See under
Paper. -- Purple emperor (Zo\'94l.), a large, strong British butterfly
(Apatura iris).
Emperorship
Em"per*or*ship, n. The rank or office of an emperor.
Empery
Em"per*y (?), n. [L. imperium, influenced by OF. emperie, empire. See
Empire.] Empire; sovereignty; dominion. [Archaic] Shak.
Struggling for my woman's empery. Mrs. Browning.
Emphasis
Em"pha*sis (?), n.; pl. Emphases (#). [L., fr. Gr. In, and Phase.]
1. (Rhet.) A particular stress of utterance, or force of voice, given
in reading and speaking to one or more words whose signification the
speaker intends to impress specially upon his audience.
The province of emphasis is so much more important than accent,
that the customary seat of the latter is changed, when the claims
of emphasis require it. E. Porter.
2. A peculiar impressiveness of expression or weight of thought; vivid
representation, enforcing assent; as, to dwell on a subject with great
emphasis.
External objects stand before us . . . in all the life and emphasis
of extension, figure, and color. Sir W. Hamilton.
Emphasize
Em"pha*size (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emphasized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emphasizing (?).] To utter or pronounce with a particular stress of
voice; to make emphatic; as, to emphasize a word or a phrase.
Emphatic, Emphatical
Em*phat"ic (?), Em*phat"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. emphatique. See Emphasis.]
1. Uttered with emphasis; made prominent and impressive by a peculiar
stress of voice; laying stress; deserving of stress or emphasis;
forcible; impressive; strong; as, to remonstrate in am emphatic
manner; an emphatic word; an emphatic tone; emphatic reasoning.
2. Striking the sense; attracting special attention; impressive;
forcible. "Emphatical colors." Boyle. "Emphatical evils." Bp.
Reynolds. Syn. -- Forcible; earnest; impressive; energetic; striking;
positive; important; special; significant.
Emphatically
Em*phat"ic*al*ly, adv.
1. With emphasis; forcibly; in a striking manner or degree;
pre\'89minently.
He was indeed emphatically a popular writer. Macaulay.
2. Not really, but apparently. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Emphaticalness
Em*phat"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of being emphatic; emphasis.
Emphractic
Em*phrac"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Having the quality of closing the
pores of the skin.
Emphrensy
Em*phren"sy (?), v. t. To madden. [Obs.]
Emphysema
Em`phy*se"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. emphys\'8ame.] (Med.) A swelling
produced by gas or air diffused in the cellular tissue. Emphysema of
the lungs, Pulmonary emphysema (Med.), a common disease of the lungs
in which the air cells are distended and their partition walls
ruptured by an abnormal pressure of the air contained in them.
Emphysematous
Em`phy*sem"a*tous (?), a. [Cf. F. emphys\'82mateux.] (Med.) Pertaining
to, or of the nature of, emphysema; swelled; bloated.
Emphyteusis
Em`phy*teu"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rom. Law) A real right,
susceptible of assignment and of descent, charged on productive real
estate, the right being coupled with the enjoyment of the property on
condition of taking care of the estate and paying taxes, and sometimes
a small rent. Heumann.
Emphyteutic
Em`phy*teu"tic (?), a. [L. emphyteuticus.] Of or pertaining to an
emphyteusis; as, emphyteutic lands.
Emphyteuticary
Em`phy*teu"ti*ca*ry (?), n. [L. emphyteuticarius, a.] One who holds
lands by emphyteusis.
Empierce
Em*pierce" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + pierce. Cf. Impierce.] To pierce;
to impierce. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empight
Em*pight" (?), a. [Pref. em- + pight pitched, fixed.] Fixed; settled;
fastened. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empire
Em"pire (?), n. [F., fr. L. imperium a command, sovereignty, dominion,
empire, fr. imperare. See Emperor; cf. Imperial.]
1. Supreme power; sovereignty; sway; dominion. "The empire of the
sea." Shak.
Over hell extend His empire, and with iron scepter rule. Milton.
2. The dominion of an emperor; the territory or countries under the
jurisdiction and dominion of an emperor (rarely of a king), usually of
greater extent than a kingdom, always comprising a variety in the
nationality of, or the forms of administration in, constituent and
subordinate portions; as, the Austrian empire.
Empire carries with it the idea of a vast and complicated
government. C. J. Smith.
3. Any dominion; supreme control; governing influence; rule; sway; as,
the empire of mind or of reason. "Under the empire of facts." M.
Arnold.
Another force which, in the Middle Ages, shared with chivalry the
empire over the minds of men. A. W. Ward.
Celestial empire. See under Celestial. -- Empire City, a common
designation of the city of New York. -- Empire State, a common
designation of the State of New York. Syn. -- Sway; dominion; rule;
control; reign; sovereignty; government; kingdom; realm; state.
Empiric
Em*pir"ic (?; 277), n. [L. empiricus an empiric, Gr. fare: cf. F.
empirique. See In, and Fare.]
1. One who follows an empirical method; one who relies upon practical
experience.
2. One who confines himself to applying the results of mere experience
or his own observation; especially, in medicine, one who deviates from
the rules of science and regular practice; an ignorant and unlicensed
pretender; a quack; a charlatan.
Among the Greek physicians, those who founded their practice on
experience called themselves empirics. Krauth-Fleming.
Swallow down opinions as silly people do empirics' pills. Locke.
Empiric, Empirical
Em*pir"ic (?), Em*pir"ic*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to, or founded upon, experiment or experience; depending
upon the observation of phenomena; versed in experiments.
In philosophical language, the term empirical means simply what
belongs to or is the product of experience or observation. Sir W.
Hamilton.
The village carpenter . . . lays out his work by empirical rules
learnt in his apprenticeship. H. Spencer.
2. Depending upon experience or observation alone, without due regard
to science and theory; -- said especially of medical practice,
remedies, etc.; wanting in science and deep insight; as, empiric
skill, remedies.
Empirical formula. (Chem.) See under Formula. Syn. -- See
Transcendental.
Empirically
Em*pir"ic*al*ly, adv. By experiment or experience; without science; in
the manner of quacks.
Empiricism
Em*pir"i*cism (?), n.
1. The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit of knowledge by
observation and experiment.
2. Specifically, a practice of medicine founded on mere experience,
without the aid of science or a knowledge of principles; ignorant and
unscientific practice; charlatanry; quackery.
3. (Metaph.) The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of
all our knowledge to experience.
Empiricist
Em*pir"i*cist (?), n. An empiric.
Empiristic
Em`pi*ris"tic (?), a. (Physics) Relating to, or resulting from,
experience, or experiment; following from empirical methods or data;
-- opposed to nativistic.
Emplaster
Em*plas"ter (?), n. [OF. emplastre, F. empl\'83tre, L. emplastrum a
plaster or salve, fr. Gr. See Plaster. [Obs.] Wiseman.
Emplaster
Em*plas"ter, v. t. [Cf. OF. emplastrer, F. empl\'83trer. See
Emplaster, n.] To plaster over; to cover over so as to present a good
appearance. [Obs.] "Fair as ye his name emplaster." Chaucer.
Emplastic
Em*plas"tic (?), a. [Cf. F. emplastique, fr. Gr. Emplaster.] Fit to be
applied as a plaster; glutinous; adhesive; as, emplastic applications.
Emplastic
Em*plas"tic, n. A medicine causing constipation.
Emplastration
Em`plas*tra"tion (?), n. [L. emplastratio a budding.]
1. The act or process of grafting by inoculation; budding. [Obs.]
Holland.
2. [See 1st Emplaster.] (Med.) The application of a plaster or salve.
Emplead
Em*plead" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + plead: cf. F. emplaidier.
Cf. Implead.] To accuse; to indict. See Implead.
Emplection
Em*plec"tion (?), n. See Emplecton.
Emplecton
Em*plec"ton (?), n. [F. or L. emplecton, fr. Gr. A kind of masonry in
which the outer faces of the wall are ashlar, the space between being
filled with broken stone and mortar. Cross layers of stone are
interlaid as binders. [R.] Weale.
Emplore
Em*plore" (?), v. t. See Implore. [Obs.]
Employ
Em*ploy" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Employed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Employing.] [F. employer, fr. L. implicare to fold into, infold,
involve, implicate, engage; in + plicare to fold. See Ply, and cf.
Imply, Implicate.]
1. To inclose; to infold. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. To use; to have in service; to cause to be engaged in doing
something; -- often followed by in, about, on, or upon, and sometimes
by to; as: (a) To make use of, as an instrument, a means, a material,
etc., for a specific purpose; to apply; as, to employ the pen in
writing, bricks in building, words and phrases in speaking; to employ
the mind; to employ one's energies.
This is a day in which the thoughts . . . ought to be employed on
serious subjects. Addison.
(b) To occupy; as, to employ time in study. (c) To have or keep at
work; to give employment or occupation to; to intrust with some duty
or behest; as, to employ a hundred workmen; to employ an envoy.
Jonathan . . . and Jahaziah . . . were employed about this matter.
Ezra x. 15.
Thy vineyard must employ the sturdy steer To turn the glebe.
Dryden.
To employ one's self, to apply or devote one's time and attention; to
busy one's self. Syn. -- To use; busy; apply; exercise; occupy;
engross; engage. See Use.
Employ
Em*ploy", n. [Cf. F. emploi.] That which engages or occupies a person;
fixed or regular service or business; employment.
The whole employ of body and of mind. Pope.
In one's employ, in one's service.
Employable
Em*ploy"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. employable.] Capable of being employed;
capable of being used; fit or proper for use. Boyle.
Employ\'82
Em`ploy`\'82" (?), n. [F., p. p. of employer.] One employed by
another; a clerk or workman in the service of an employer.
Employee
Em`ploy*ee" (?), n. [The Eng. form of employ\'82.] One employed by
another.
Employer
Em*ploy"er (?), n. One who employs another; as, an employer of
workmen.
Employment
Em*ploy"ment (?), n.
1. The act of employing or using; also, the state of being employed.
2. That which engages or occupies; that which consumes time or
attention; office or post of business; service; as, agricultural
employments; mechanical employments; public employments; in the
employment of government.
Cares are employments, and without employ The soul is on a rack.
Young.
Syn. -- Work; business; occupation; vocation; calling; office;
service; commission; trade; profession.
Emplumed
Em*plumed" (?), a. Plumed. [R.]
Emplunge
Em*plunge" (?), v. t. [Cf. Implunge.] To plunge; to implunge. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Empoison
Em*poi"son (?), v. t. [F. empoisonner; pref. em- + F. poison. See
Poison, and cf. Impoison.] To poison; to impoison. Shak.
Empoison
Em*poi"son, n. Poison. [Obs.] Remedy of Love.
Empoisoner
Em*poi"son*er (?), n. Poisoner. [Obs.] Bacon.
Empoisonment
Em*poi"son*ment (?), n. [F. empoisonnement.] The act of poisoning.
Bacon.
Emporetic, Emporetical
Em`po*ret"ic (?), Em`po*ret"ic*al (?), a. [L. emporeticus, Gr.
Emporium.] Pertaining to an emporium; relating to merchandise. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Emporium
Em*po"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Emporiums (#), L. Emporia (#). [L., fr. Gr.
In, and Empiric, Fare.]
1. A place of trade; a market place; a mart; esp., a city or town with
extensive commerce; the commercial center of a country.
That wonderful emporium [Manchester] . . . was then a mean and
ill-built market town. Macaulay.
It is pride . . . which fills our streets, our emporiums, our
theathers. Knox.
2. (Physiol.) The brain. [Obs.]
Empoverish
Em*pov"er*ish (?), v. t. See Impoverish.
Empower
Em*pow"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empowered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Empowering.]
1. To give authority to; to delegate power to; to commission; to
authorize (having commonly a legal force); as, the Supreme Court is
empowered to try and decide cases, civil or criminal; the attorney is
empowered to sign an acquittance, and discharge the debtor.
2. To give moral or physical power, faculties, or abilities to. "These
eyes . . . empowered to gaze." Keble.
Empress
Em"press (?), n. [OE. empress, emperice, OF. empereis, empereris, fr.
L. imperatrix, fem. of imperator. See Emperor.]
1. The consort of an emperor. Shak.
2. A female sovereign.
3. A sovereign mistress. "Empress of my soul." Shak.
Empress cloth, a cloth for ladies' dresses, either wholly of wool, or
with cotton warp and wool weft. It resembles merino, but is not
twilled.
Emprint
Em*print" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Imprint.
Emprise
Em*prise" (?), n. [OF. emprise, fr. emprendre to undertake; pref. em-
(L. in) + F. prendre to take, L. prehendere, prendere; prae before + a
verb akin to E. get. See Get, and cf. Enterprise, Impresa.] [Archaic]
1. An enterprise; endeavor; adventure. Chaucer.
In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise. Spenser.
The deeds of love and high emprise. Longfellow.
2. The qualifies which prompt one to undertake difficult and dangerous
exploits.
I love thy courage yet and bolt emprise; But here thy sword can do
thee little stead. Milton.
Emprise
Em*prise", v. t. To undertake. [Obs.] Sackville.
Emprising
Em*pris"ing (?), a. [From Emprise, v. t.] Full of daring; adventurous.
[Archaic] T. Campbell.
Emprison
Em*pris"on (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Imprison.
Emprosthotonos
Em`pros*thot"o*nos (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A drawing of the body
forward, in consequence of the spasmodic action of some of the
muscles. Gross.
Empte
Emp"te (?), v. t. To empty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Emptier
Emp"ti*er (?; 215), n. One who, or that which, empties.
Emptier
Emp"ti*er, compar. of Empty.
Emptiness
Emp"ti*ness, n. [From Empty.]
1. The state of being empty; absence of contents; void space; vacuum;
as, the emptiness of a vessel; emptiness of the stomach.
2. Want of solidity or substance; unsatisfactoriness; inability to
satisfy desire; vacuity; hollowness; the emptiness of earthly glory.
3. Want of knowledge; lack of sense; vacuity of mind.
Eternal smiles his emptiness betray. Pope.
The sins of emptiness, gossip, and spite. Tennyson.
Emption
Emp"tion (?), n. [L. emptio, fr. emere to buy.] The act of buying.
[R.] Arbuthnot.
Emptional
Emp"tion*al (?), a. Capable of being purchased.
Empty
Emp"ty (?; 215), a. [Compar. Emptier (?); superl. Emptiest.] [AS.
emtig, \'91mtig, \'91metig, fr. \'91mta, \'91metta, quiet, leisure,
rest; of uncertain origin; cf. G. emsig busy.]
1. Containing nothing; not holding or having anything within; void of
contents or appropriate contents; not filled; -- said of an inclosure,
as a box, room, house, etc.; as, an empty chest, room, purse, or
pitcher; an empty stomach; empty shackles.
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2. Free; clear; devoid; -- often with of. "That fair female troop . .
. empty of all good." Milton.
I shall find you empty of that fault. Shak.
3. Having nothing to carry; unburdened. "An empty messenger." Shak.
When ye go ye shall not go empty. Ex. iii. 21.
4. Destitute of effect, sincerity, or sense; -- said of language; as,
empty words, or threats.
Words are but empty thanks. Cibber.
5. Unable to satisfy; unsatisfactory; hollow; vain; -- said of
pleasure, the world, etc.
Pleas'd in the silent shade with empty praise. Pope.
6. Producing nothing; unfruitful; -- said of a plant or tree; as, an
empty vine.
Seven empty ears blasted with the east wind. Gen. xli. 27.
7. Destitute of, or lacking, sense, knowledge, or courtesy; as, empty
brains; an empty coxcomb.
That in civility thou seem'st so empty. Shak.
8. Destitute of reality, or real existence; unsubstantial; as, empty
dreams.
NOTE: &hand; Em pty is used as the first element in a compound; as,
empty-handed, having nothing in the hands, destitute; empty-headed,
having few ideas; empty-hearted, destitute of feeling.
Syn. -- See Vacant.
Empty
Emp"ty (?), n.; pl. Empties (. An empty box, crate, cask, etc.; --
used in commerce, esp. in transportation of freight; as, "special
rates for empties."
Empty
Emp"ty, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emptied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emptying.] To
deprive of the contents; to exhaust; to make void or destitute; to
make vacant; to pour out; to discharge; as, to empty a vessel; to
empty a well or a cistern.
The clouds . . . empty themselves upon the earth. Eccl. xi. 3.
Empty
Emp"ty, v. i.
1. To discharge itself; as, a river empties into the ocean.
2. To become empty. "The chapel empties." B. Jonson.
Emptying
Emp"ty*ing, n.
1. The act of making empty. Shak.
2. pl. The lees of beer, cider, etc.; yeast. [U.S.]
Empugn
Em*pugn" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Impugn.
Empurple
Em*pur"ple (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empurpled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Empurpling (?).] [Pref. em- + purple. Cf. Impurple.] To tinge or dye
of a purple color; to color with purple; to impurple. "The deep
empurpled ran." Philips.
Empuse
Em*puse" (?), n. [LL. empusa, Gr. A phantom or specter. [Obs.] Jer.
Taylor.
Empuzzle
Em*puz"zle (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + puzzle.] To puzzle. [Archaic] Sir
T. Browne.
Empyema
Em`py*e"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A collection of blood, pus, or
other fluid, in some cavity of the body, especially that of the
pleura. Dunglison.
NOTE: &hand; Th e term empyema is now restricted to a collection of
pus in the cavity of the pleura.
Empyesis
Em`py*e"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) An eruption of pustules.
Empyreal
Em*pyr"e*al (?), a. [L. empyrius, empyreus, fiery, Gr. In, and Fire.]
Formed of pure fire or light; refined beyond a\'89rial substance;
pertaining to the highest and purest region of heaven.
Go, soar with Plato to the empyreal sphere. Pope.
Empyreal air, oxygen gas.
Empyreal
Em*pyr"e*al, n. Empyrean. Mrs. Browning.
Empyrean
Em`py*re"an (?; 277), n. [See Empyreal.] The highest heaven, where the
pure element of fire was supposed by the ancients to subsist.
The empyrean rung With hallelujahs. Milton.
Empyrean
Em`py*re"an, a. Empyreal. Akenside.
Empyreuma
Em`py*reu"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. empyreume. See Empyreal.] (Chem.)
The peculiar smell and taste arising from products of decomposition of
animal or vegetable substances when burnt in close vessels.
Empyreumatic, Empyreumatical
Em`py*reu*mat"ic (?), Em`py*reu*mat"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
empyreumatique.] Of or pertaining to empyreuma; as, an empyreumatic
odor. Empyreumatic oils, oils obtained by distilling various organic
substances at high temperatures. Brande & C.
Empyreumatize
Em`py*reu"ma*tize (?), v. t. To render empyreumatic. [R.]
Empyrical
Em*pyr"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Empyreal.] Containing the combustible
principle of coal. Kirwan.
Empyrosis
Em"py*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A general fire; a conflagration.
[Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
Emrods
Em"rods (?), n. pl. See Emerods. [Obs.]
Emu
E"mu (?), n. [Cf. Pg. ema ostrich, F. \'82mou, \'82meu, emu.]
(Zo\'94l.) A large Australian bird, of two species (Dromaius
Nov\'91-Hollandi\'91 and D. irroratus), related to the cassowary and
the ostrich. The emu runs swiftly, but is unable to fly. [Written also
emeu and emew.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is so metimes er roneously applied, by the
Brazilians, to the rhea, or South American ostrich.
Emu wren. See in the Vocabulary.
Emulable
Em"u*la*ble (?), a. [L. aemulari to emulate + -able.] Capable of being
emulated. [R.]
Some imitable and emulable good. Abp. Leighton.
Emulate
Em"u*late (?), a. [L. aemulatus, p. p. of aemulari, fr. aemulus
emulous; prob. akin to E. imitate.] Striving to excel; ambitious;
emulous. [Obs.] "A most emulate pride." Shak.
Emulate
Em"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emulating (?).] To strive to equal or to excel in qualities or
actions; to imitate, with a view to equal or to outdo, to vie with; to
rival; as, to emulate the good and the great.
Thine eye would emulate the diamond. Shak.
Emulation
Em`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. aemulatio: cf. F. \'82mulation.]
1. The endeavor to equal or to excel another in qualities or actions;
an assiduous striving to equal or excel another; rivalry.
A noble emulation heats your breast. Dryden.
2. Jea
Such factious emulations shall arise. Shak.
Syn. -- Competition; rivalry; contest; contention; strife. --
Emulation, Competition, Rivalry. Competition is the struggle of two or
more persons for the same object. Emulation is an ardent desire for
superiority, arising from competition, but now implying, of necessity,
any improper feeling. Rivalry is a personal contest, and, almost of
course, has a selfish object and gives rise to envy. "Competition and
emulation have honor for their basis; rivalry is but a desire for
selfish gratification. Competition and emulation animate to effort;
rivalry usually produces hatred. Competition and emulation seek to
merit success; rivalry is contented with obtaining it." Crabb.
Emulative
Em"u*la*tive (?), a. Inclined to emulation; aspiring to competition;
rivaling; as, an emulative person or effort. "Emulative zeal." Hoole.
Emulatively
Em"u*la*tive*ly, adv. In an emulative manner; with emulation.
Emulator
Em"u*la`tor (?), n. [L. aemulator.] One who emulates, or strives to
equal or surpass.
As Virgil rivaled Homer, Milton was the emulator of both. Bp.
Warburton.
Emulatory
Em"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to emulation; connected with rivalry.
[R.] "Emulatory officiousness." Bp. Hall.
Emulatress
Em"u*la`tress (?), n. A female emulator. [R.]
Emule
Em"ule (?), v. t. [F. \'82muler. See Emulate.] To emulate. [Obs.]
"Emuled of many." Spenser.
Emulge
E*mulge" (?), v. t. [L. emulgere, emulsum; e out + mulgere to milk;
akin to E. milk. See Milk.] To milk out; to drain. [Obs.] Bailey.
Emulgent
E*mul"gent (?), a. [L. emulgens, p. pr. of emulgere to milk out: cf.
F. \'82mulgent. So called because regarded by the ancients as
straining out the serum, as if by milking, and so producing the
urine.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the kidneys; renal; as, emulgent
arteries and veins. -- n. An emulgent vessel, as a renal artery or
vein.
Emulgent
E*mul"gent, n. (Med.) A medicine that excites the flow of bile. [Obs.]
Hoblyn.
Emulous
Em"u*lous (?), a. [L. aemulus. See Emulate.]
1. Ambitiously desirous to equal or even to excel another; eager to
emulate or vie with another; desirous of like excellence with another;
-- with of; as, emulous of another's example or virtues.
2. Vying with; rivaling; hence, contentious, envious. "Emulous
Carthage." B. Jonson.
Emulous missions 'mongst the gods. Shak.
Emulously
Em"u*lous*ly, adv. In an emulous manner.
Emulousness
Em"u*lous*ness, n. The quality of being emulous.
Emulsic
E*mul"sic (?), a. Pertaining to, or produced from, emulsin; as,
emulsic acid. Hoblyn.
Emulsify
E*mul"si*fy (?), v. t. [Emulsion + -fy.] To convert into an emulsion;
to form an emulsion; to reduce from an oily substance to a milky fluid
in which the fat globules are in a very finely divided state, giving
it the semblance of solution; as, the pancreatic juice emulsifies the
oily part of food.
Emulsin
E*mul"sin (?), n. [See Emulsion, Emulge.] (Chem.) (a) The white milky
pulp or extract of bitter almonds. [R.] (b) An unorganized ferment
(contained in this extract and in other vegetable juices), which
effects the decomposition of certain glucosides.
Emulsion
E*mul"sion (?), n. [From L. emulgere, emulsum: cf. F. \'82mulsion. See
Emulge.] Any liquid preparation of a color and consistency resembling
milk; as: (a) In pharmacy, an extract of seeds, or a mixture of oil
and water united by a mucilaginous substance. (b) In photography, a
liquid preparation of collodion holding salt of silver, used in the
photographic process.
Emulsive
E*mul"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82mulsif.]
1. Softening; milklike.
2. Yielding oil by expression; as, emulsive seeds.
3. Producing or yielding a milklike substance; as, emulsive acids.
Emunctory
E*munc"to*ry (?), n.; pl. Emunctories (#). [L. emunctorium a pair of
snuffers, fr. emungere, emunctum, to blow the nose, hence, to wipe,
cleanse; e out + mungere to blow the nose: cf. F. \'82monctoire,
formerly spelled also \'82monctoire.] (Physiol.) Any organ or part of
the body (as the kidneys, skin, etc.,) which serves to carry off
excrementitious or waste matter.
Emuscation
Em`us*ca"tion (?), n. [L. emuscare to clear from moss; e out + muscus
moss.] A freeing from moss. [Obs.]
Emu wren
E"mu wren` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A small wrenlike Australian bird
(Stipiturus malachurus), having the tail feathers long and loosely
barbed, like emu feathers.
Emyd
E"myd (?), n.; pl. E. Emyds (#), E. Emyd (#). [See Emydea.] (Zo\'94l.)
A fresh-water tortoise of the family Emydid\'91.
Emydea
E*myd"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Emys a genus of tortoises, L. emys a
kind of fresh-water tortoise, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of chelonians
which comprises many species of fresh-water tortoises and terrapins.
En-
En- (?).
1. [F. en-, L. in.] A prefix signifying in or into, used in many
English words, chiefly those borrowed from the French. Some English
words are written indifferently with en- or in-. For ease of
pronunciation it is commonly changed to em- before p, b, and m, as in
employ, embody, emmew. It is sometimes used to give a causal force, as
in enable, enfeeble, to cause to be, or to make, able, or feeble; and
sometimes merely gives an intensive force, as in enchasten. See In-.
2. A prefix from Gr. in
; as, encephalon, entomology. See In-.
-en
-en.
1. A suffix from AS. -an, formerly used to form the plural of many
nouns, as in ashen, eyen, oxen, all obs. except oxen. In some cases,
such as children and brethren, it has been added to older plural
forms.
2. A suffix corresponding to AS. -en and -on, formerly used to form
the plural of verbs, as in housen, escapen.
3. A suffix signifying to make, to cause, used to form verbs from
nouns and adjectives; as in strengthen, quicken, frighten. This must
not be confused with -en corresponding in Old English to the AS.
infinitive ending -an.
4. [AS. -en; akin to Goth. -eins, L. -inus, Gr. An adjectival suffix,
meaning made of; as in golden, leaden, wooden.
5. [AS. -en; akin to Skr. -na.] The termination of the past participle
of many strong verbs; as, in broken, gotten, trodden.
En
En (?), n. (Print.) Half an em, that is, half of the unit of space in
measuring printed matter. See Em.
Enable
En*a"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enabled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enabling (?).]
1. To give strength or ability to; to make firm and strong. [Obs.]
"Who hath enabled me." 1 Tim. i. 12.
Receive the Holy Ghost, said Christ to his apostles, when he
enabled them with priestly power. Jer. Taylor.
2. To make able (to do, or to be, something); to confer sufficient
power upon; to furnish with means, opportunities, and the like; to
render competent for; to empower; to endow.
Temperance gives Nature her full play, and enables her to exert
herself in all her force and vigor. Addison.
Enablement
En*a"ble*ment (?), n. The act of enabling, or the state of being
enabled; ability. Bacon.
Enact
En*act" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enacted; p. pr. & vb. n. Enacting.]
1. To decree; to establish by legal and authoritative act; to make
into a law; especially, to perform the legislative act with reference
to (a bill) which gives it the validity of law.
2. To act; to perform; to do; to effect. [Obs.]
The king enacts more wonders than a man. Shak.
3. To act the part of; to represent; to play.
I did enact Julius Caesar. Shak.
Enacting clause, that clause of a bill which formally expresses the
legislative sanction.
Enact
En*act", n. Purpose; determination. [Obs.]
Enactive
En*act"ive (?), a. Having power to enact or establish as a law. Abp.
Bramhall.
Enactment
En*act"ment (?), n.
1. The passing of a bill into a law; the giving of legislative
sanction and executive approval to a bill whereby it is established as
a law.
2. That which is enacted or passed into a law; a law; a decree; a
statute; a prescribed requirement; as, a prohibitory enactment; a
social enactment.
Enactor
En*act"or (?), n. One who enacts a law; one who decrees or establishes
as a law. Atterbury.
Enacture
En*ac"ture (?; 135), n. Enactment; resolution. [Obs.] Shak.
Enaliosaur
En*al"i*o*saur` (?), n. (Paleon.) One of the Enaliosauria.
Enaliosauria
En*al`i*o*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct
group of marine reptiles, embracing both the Ichthyosauria and the
Plesiosauria, now regarded as distinct orders.
Enaliosaurian
En*al`i*o*sau"ri*an (?), a. (Paleon.) Pertaining to the Enaliosauria.
-- n. One of the Enaliosauria.
Enallage
E*nal"la*ge (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.) A substitution, as of one
part of speech for another, of one gender, number, case, person,
tense, mode, or voice, of the same word, for another.
Enambush
En*am"bush (?), v. t. To ambush. [Obs.]
Enamel
En*am"el (?), n. [Pref. en- + amel. See Amel, Smelt, v. t.]
1. A variety of glass, used in ornament, to cover a surface, as of
metal or pottery, and admitting of after decoration in color, or used
itself for inlaying or application in varied colors.
2. (Min.) A glassy, opaque bead obtained by the blowpipe.
3. That which is enameled; also, any smooth, glossy surface,
resembling enamel, especially if variegated.
4. (Anat.) The intensely hard calcified tissue entering into the
composition of teeth. It merely covers the exposed parts of the teeth
of man, but in many animals is intermixed in various ways with the
dentine and cement.
Enamel painting, painting with enamel colors upon a ground of metal,
porcelain, or the like, the colors being afterwards fixed by fire. --
Enamel paper, paper glazed a metallic coating.
Enamel
En*am"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enameled (?) or Enamelled; p. pr. & vb.
n. Enameling or Enamelling.]
1. To lay enamel upon; to decorate with enamel whether inlaid or
painted.
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2. To variegate with colors as if with enamel.
Oft he [the serpent]bowed His turret crest and sleek enameled neck.
Milton.
3. To form a glossy surface like enamel upon; as, to enamel card
paper; to enamel leather or cloth.
4. To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's complexion.
Enamel
En*am"el (?), v. i. To practice the art of enameling.
Enamel
En*am"el, a. Relating to the art of enameling; as, enamel painting.
Tomlinson.
Enamelar
En*am"el*ar (?), a. Consisting of enamel; resembling enamel; smooth;
glossy. [R.] Craig.
Enameled
En*am"eled (?), a. Coated or adorned with enamel; having a glossy or
variegated surface; glazed. [Written also enamelled.]
Enameler, Enamelist
En*am"el*er (?), En*am"el*ist, n. One who enamels; a workman or artist
who applies enamels in ornamental work. [Written also enameller,
enamellist.]
Enamor
En*am"or (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enamored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enamoring.] [OF. enamourer, enamorer; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. & F.
amour love, L. amor. See Amour, and cf. Inamorato.] To inflame with
love; to charm; to captivate; -- with of, or with, before the person
or thing; as, to be enamored with a lady; to be enamored of books or
science. [Written also enamour.]
Passionately enamored of this shadow of a dream. W. Irving.
Enamorment
En*am"or*ment (?), n. The state of being enamored. [R.]
Enantiomorphous
E*nan`ti*o*mor"phous (?), a. [Gr. (Crystallog.) Similar, but not
superposable, i. e., related to each other as a right-handed to a
left-handed glove; -- said of certain hemihedral crystals.
Enantiopathic
E*nan`ti*o*path"ic (?), a. (Med.) Serving to palliate; palliative.
Dunglison.
Enantiopathy
E*nan`ti*op"a*thy (?), n. [Gr.
1. An opposite passion or affection. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. (Med.) Allopathy; -- a term used by followers of Hahnemann, or
homeopathists.
Enantiosis
E*nan`ti*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure of speech by
which what is to be understood affirmatively is stated negatively, and
the contrary; affirmation by contraries.
Enarch
En**arch" (?), v. t. To arch. [Obs.] Lydgate.
Enarched
En*arched" (?), a. (Her.) Bent into a curve; -- said of a bend or
other ordinary.
Enargite
En*ar"gite (?), n. (Min.) An iron-black mineral of metallic luster,
occurring in small orthorhombic crystals, also massive. It contains
sulphur, arsenic, copper, and often silver.
Enarmed
En*armed" (?), a. (Her.) Same as Armed, 3.
Enarration
En`ar*ra"tion (?), n. [L. enarratio. See Narration.] A detailed
exposition; relation. [Obs.] Hakewill.
Enarthrodia
En`ar*thro"di*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Arthrodia.] (Anat.) See
Enarthrosis. -- En`ar*thro"di*al, a.
Enarthrosis
En`ar*thro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A ball and socket joint,
or the kind of articulation represented by such a joint. See
Articulation.
Enascent
E*nas"cent (?), a. [L. enascens, p. pr. of enasci to spring up; e out
+ nasci to be born.] Coming into being; nascent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
Enatation
E`na*ta"tion (?), n. [L. enatare to swim out. See Natation.] A
swimming out. [Obs.] Bailey.
Enate
E*nate" (?), a. [L. enatus, p. p. of enasci. See Enascent.] Growing
out.
Enation
E*na"tion (?), n. (Bot.) Any unusual outgrowth from the surface of a
thing, as of a petal; also, the capacity or act of producing such an
outgrowth.
Enaunter
E*naun"ter (?), adv. [Pref. en- + aunter.] Lest that. [Obs.] Spenser.
Enavigate
E*nav"i*gate (?), v. t. [L. enavigatus, p. p. of enavigare.] To sail
away or over. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Enbattled
En*bat"tled (?), a. Embattled. [Obs.]
Enbibe
En*bibe" (?), v. t. To imbibe. [Obs.] Skelton.
Enbroude
En*broud"e (?), v. t. See Embroude.
Encage
En*cage" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engaging.] [Pref. en- + cage: cf. F. encager.] To confine in a cage;
to coop up. Shak.
Encalendar
En*cal"en*dar (?), v. t. To register in a calendar; to calendar.
Drayton.
Encamp
En*camp" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Encamped (?; 215); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encamping.] To form and occupy a camp; to prepare and settle in
temporary habitations, as tents or huts; to halt on a march, pitch
tents, or form huts, and remain for the night or for a longer time, as
an army or a company traveling.
The host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. 1
Chron. xi. 15.
Encamp
En*camp", v. t. To form into a camp; to place in a temporary
habitation, or quarters.
Bid him encamp his soldiers. Shak.
Encampment
En*camp"ment (?), n.
1. The act of pitching tents or forming huts, as by an army or
traveling company, for temporary lodging or rest.
2. The place where an army or a company is encamped; a camp; tents
pitched or huts erected for temporary lodgings.
A square of about seven hundred yards was sufficient for the
encampment of twenty thousand Romans. Gibbon.
A green encampment yonder meets the eye. Guardian.
Encanker
En*can"ker (?), v. t. To canker. [Obs.]
Encapsulation
En*cap`su*la"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The act of inclosing in a
capsule; the growth of a membrane around (any part) so as to inclose
it in a capsule.
Encarnalize
En*car"nal*ize (?), v. t. To carnalize; to make gross. [R.]
"Encarnalize their spirits." Tennyson.
Encarpus
En*car"pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. encarpa, pl., Gr. (Arch.) An ornament
on a frieze or capital, consisting of festoons of fruit, flowers,
leaves, etc. [Written also encarpa.]
Encase
En*case" (?), v. t. [Cf. Enchase.] To inclose as in a case. See
Incase. Beau. & Fl.
Encasement
En*case"ment (?), n. [Cf. Casement.]
1. The act of encasing; also, that which encases.
2. (Biol.) An old theory of generation similar to emboOvulist.
Encash
En*cash" (?), v. t. (Eng. Banking) To turn into cash; to cash. Sat.
Rev.
Encashment
En*cash"ment (?), n. (Eng. Banking) The payment in cash of a note,
draft, etc.
Encauma
En*cau"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. Encaustic.] (Med.) An ulcer in the
eye, upon the cornea, which causes the loss of the humors. Dunglison.
Encaustic
En*caus"tic (?), a. [L. encausticus, Gr. encaustique. See Caustic, and
cf. Ink.] (Fine Arts) Prepared by means of heat; burned in. Encaustic
painting (Fine Arts), painting by means of wax with which the colors
are combined, and which is afterwards fused with hot irons, thus
fixing the colors. -- Encaustic tile (Fine Arts), an earthenware tile
which has a decorative pattern and is not wholly of one color.
Encaustic
En*caus"tic, n. [L. encaustica, Gr. encaustique. See Encaustic, a.]
The method of painting in heated wax, or in any way where heat is used
to fix the colors.
Encave
En*cave" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + cave: cf. F. encaver. Cf. Incavated.]
To hide in, or as in, a cave or recess. "Do but encave yourself."
Shak.
-ence
-ence (?). [F. -ence, L. -entia.] A noun suffix signifying action,
state, or quality; also, that which relates to the action or state; as
in emergence, diffidence, diligence, influence, difference,
excellence. See -ance.
Enceinte
En`ceinte" (?), n. [F., fr. enceindre to gird about, surround, L.
incingere; in (intens). + cingere to gird. See Cincture.]
1. (Fort.) The line of works which forms the main inclosure of a
fortress or place; -- called also body of the place.
2. The area or town inclosed by a line of fortification.
The suburbs are not unfrequently larger than their enceinte. S. W.
Williams.
Enceinte
En`ceinte", a. [F., fr. L. in not + cinctus, p. p. of cingere to gird
about.] Pregnant; with child.
Encenia
En*ce"ni*a (?), n. pl. [LL. encaenia, fr. Gr. A festival commemorative
of the founding of a city or the consecration of a church; also, the
ceremonies (as at Oxford and Cambridge, England) commemorative of
founders or benefactors.
Encense
En*cense" (?), v. t. & i. [F. encenser, fr. encens. See Incense, n.]
To offer incense to or upon; to burn incense. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Encephalic
En`ce*phal"ic (?), a. [See Encephalon.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the
encephalon or brain.
Encephalitis
En*ceph`a*li"tis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of
the brain. -- En`ceph*a*lit"ic (#), a.
Encephalocele
En*ceph"a*lo*cele (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Hernia of the brain.
Encephaloid
En*ceph"a*loid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resembling the material of the
brain; cerebriform. Encephaloid cancer (Med.), a very malignant form
of cancer of brainlike consistency. See under Cancer.
Encephaloid
En*ceph"a*loid, n. An encephaloid cancer.
Encephalology
En*ceph`a*lol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science which treats of
the brain, its structure and functions.
Encephalon
En*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL. See Encephalos.] (Anat.) The contents of
the cranium; the brain.
Encephalopathy
En*ceph`a*lop"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Any disease or symptoms of
disease referable to disorders of the brain; as, lead encephalopathy,
the cerebral symptoms attending chronic lead poisoning.
Encephalos
En*ceph"a*los (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The encephalon.
In man the encephalos reaches its full size about seven years of
age. Sir W. Hamilton.
Encephalotomy
En*ceph`a*lot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) The act or art of dissecting
the brain.
Encephalous
En*ceph"a*lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a head; -- said of most
Mollusca; -- opposed to acephalous.
Enchafe
En*chafe" (?), v. t. To chafe; to enrage; to heat. [Obs.] Shak.
Enchafing
En*chaf"ing, n. Heating; burning. [Obs.]
The wicked enchaufing or ardure of this sin [lust]. Chaucer.
Enchain
En*chain" (?), v. t. [F. encha\'8cner; pref. en- (L. in) cha\'8cne
chain. See Chain, and cf. Incatenation.]
1. To bind with a chain; to hold in chains.
2. To hold fast; to confine; as, to enchain attention.
3. To link together; to connect. Howell.
Enchainment
En*chain"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. encha\'8cnement.] The act of enchaining,
or state of being enchained.
Enchair
En*chair" (?), v. t. To seat in a chair. Tennyson.
Enchannel
En*chan"nel (?), v. t. To make run in a channel. "Its waters were
enchanneled." Sir D. Brewster.
Enchant
En*chant" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enchanted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Enchanting.] [F. enchanter, L. incantare to chant or utter a magic
formula over or against one, to bewitch; in in, against + cantare to
sing. See Chant, and cf. Incantation.]
1. To charm by sorcery; to act on by enchantment; to get control of by
magical words and rites.
And now about the caldron sing, Like elves and fairies in a ring,
Enchanting all that you put in. Shak.
He is enchanted, cannot speak. Tennyson.
2. To delight in a high degree; to charm; to enrapture; as, music
enchants the ear.
Arcadia was the charmed circle where all his spirits forever should
be enchanted. Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. -- To charm; bewitch; fascinate. Cf. Charm.
Enchanted
En*chant"ed (?), a. Under the power of enchantment; possessed or
exercised by enchanters; as, an enchanted castle.
Enchanter
En*chant"er (?), n. [Cf. F. enchanteur.] One who enchants; a sorcerer
or magician; also, one who delights as by an enchantment.
Like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing. Shelley.
Enchanter's nightshade (Bot.), a genus (Circ\'91a) of low
inconspicuous, perennial plants, found in damp, shady places.
Enchanting
En*chant"ing, a. Having a power of enchantment; charming; fascinating.
-- En*chant"ing*ly, adv.
Enchantment
En*chant"ment (?), n. [F. enchantement.]
1. The act of enchanting; the production of certain wonderful effects
by the aid of demons, or the agency of supposed spirits; the use of
magic arts, spells, or charms; incantation.
After the last enchantment you did here. Shak.
2. The effect produced by the act; the state of being enchanted; as,
to break an enchantment.
3. That which captivates the heart and senses; an influence or power
which fascinates or highly delights.
Such an enchantment as there is in words. South.
Syn. -- Incantation; necromancy; magic; sorcery; witchcraft; spell;
charm; fascination; witchery.
Enchantress
En*chant"ress (?), n. [Cf. F. enchanteresse.] A woman versed in
magical arts; a sorceress; also, a woman who fascinates. Shak.
Encharge
En*charge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encharged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encharging (?).] [OF. enchargier, F. encharger; pref. en- (L. in) + F.
charger. See Charge.] To charge (with); to impose (a charge) upon.
His countenance would express the spirit and the passion of the
part he was encharged with. Jeffrey.
Encharge
En*charge", n. A charge. [Obs.] A. Copley.
Enchase
En*chase" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enchased (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enchasing.] [F. ench\'83sser; pref. en- (L. in) + ch\'83sse box
containing relics, frame, case, the same word as caisse case. See 1st
Case, and cf. Chase, Encase, Incase.]
1. To incase or inclose in a border or rim; to surround with an
ornamental casing, as a gem with gold; to encircle; to inclose; to
adorn.
Enchased with a wanton ivy twine. Spenser.
An precious stones, in studs of gold enchased, The shaggy velvet of
his buskins graced. Mickle.
2. To chase; to ornament by embossing or engraving; as, to enchase a
watch case.
With golden letters . . . well enchased. Spenser.
3. To delineate or describe, as by writing. [Obs.]
All which . . . for to enchase, Him needeth sure a golden pen, I
ween. Spenser.
Enchaser
En*chas"er (?), n. One who enchases.
Enchasten
En*chas"ten (?), v. t. To chasten. [Obs.]
Encheson, Encheason
En*che"son, En*chea"son (?), n. [OF. enchaison, fr. L. incidere to
happen; in + cadere to fall.] Occasion, cause, or reason. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Enchest
En*chest" (?), v. t. [Cf. Inchest.] To inclose in a chest. Vicars.
Enchiridion
En`chi*rid"i*on (?), n. [L., from Gr. Handbook; a manual of devotions.
Evelyn.
Enchisel
En*chis"el (?), v. t. To cut with a chisel.
Enchodus
En"cho*dus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of extinct
Cretaceous fishes; -- so named from their spear-shaped teeth. They
were allied to the pike (Esox).
Enchondroma
En`chon*dro"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.] (Med.) A cartilaginous
tumor growing from the interior of a bone. Quain.
Enchorial, Enchoric
En*cho"ri*al (?), En*chor"ic (?), a. [Gr. Belonging to, or used in, a
country; native; domestic; popular; common; -- said especially of the
written characters employed by the common people of ancient Egypt, in
distinction from the hieroglyphics. See Demotic.
Enchylemma
En`chy*lem"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The basal substance of the
cell nucleus; a hyaline or granular substance, more or less fluid
during life, in which the other parts of the nucleus are imbedded.
Enchyma
En"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The primitive formative juice,
from which the tissues, particularly the cellular tissue, are formed.
Encincture
En*cinc"ture (?), n. A cincture. [Poetic]
The vast encincture of that gloomy sea. Wordsworth.
Encindered
En*cin"dered (?), a. Burnt to cinders. [R.]
Encircle
En*cir"cle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encircled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encircling (?).] [Pref. en- + circle: cf. OF. encercler.] To form a
circle about; to inclose within a circle or ring; to surround; as, to
encircle one in the arms; the army encircled the city.
Her brows encircled with his serpent rod. Parnell.
Syn. -- To encompass; surround; environ; inclose.
Encirclet
En*cir"clet (?), n. [Encircle + -let.] A small circle; a ring. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Enclasp
En*clasp" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + clasp. Cf. Inclasp.] To clasp. See
Inclasp.
Enclave
En*clave" (?), n. [F., fr. L. in + clavus a nail.] A tract of land or
a territory inclosed within another territory of which it is
independent. See Exclave. [Recent]
Enclave
En*clave", v. t. [Cf. F. enclaver.] To inclose within an alien
territory. [Recent]
Enclavement
En*clave"ment (?), n. [F.] The state of being an enclave. [Recent]
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Page 489
Enclitic, Enclitical
En*clit"ic (?), En*clit"ic*al (?), a. [L. encliticus, Gr. In, and
Lean, v. i.] (Gram.) Affixed; subjoined; -- said of a word or particle
which leans back upon the preceding word so as to become a part of it,
and to lose its own independent accent, generally varying also the
accent of the preceding word.
Enclitic
En*clit"ic, n. (Gram.) A word which is joined to another so closely as
to lose its proper accent, as the pronoun thee in prithee (pray thee).
Enclitically
En*clit"ic*al*ly, adv. In an enclitic manner; by throwing the accent
back. Walker.
Enclitics
En*clit"ics (?), n. (Gram.) The art of declining and conjugating
words.
Encloister
En*clois"ter (?), v. t. [Cf. Incloister.] To shut up in a cloister; to
cloister.
Enclose
En*close" (?), v. t. [F. enclos, p. p. of enclore to enclose; pref.
en- (L. in) + clore to close. See Close, and cf. Inclose, Include.] To
inclose. See Inclose.
Enclosure
En*clo"sure (?; 135), n. Inclosure. See Inclosure.
NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rds en close an d en closure ar e wr itten
indiscriminately enclose or inclose and enclosure or inclosure.
Enclothe
En*clothe" (?), v. t. To clothe.
Encloud
En*cloud" (?), v. t. [Cf. Incloud.] To envelop in clouds; to cloud.
[R.] Spenser.
Encoach
En*coach" (?), v. t. [Cf. Incoach.] To carry in a coach. [R.] Davies
(Wit's Pilgr.)
Encoffin
En*cof"fin (?), v. t. To put in a coffin. [R.]
Encolden
En*cold"en (?), v. t. To render cold. [Obs.]
Encollar
En*col"lar (?), v. t. To furnish or surround with a collar. [R.]
Encolor
En*col"or (?), v. t. To color. [R.]
Encolure
En`co`lure" (?), n. [F.] The neck of horse. R. Browning.
Encomber
En*com"ber (?), v. t. See Encumber. [Obs.]
Encomberment
En*com"ber*ment (?), n. [See Encumberment.] Hindrance;
molestation.[Obs.] Spenser.
Encomiast
En*co"mi*ast (?), n. [Gr. encomiaste. See Encomium.] One who praises;
a panegyrist. Locke.
Encomiastic, Encomiastical
En*co`mi*as"tic (?), En*co`mi*as"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Bestowing praise;
praising; eulogistic; laudatory; as, an encomiastic address or
discourse. -- En*co`mi*as"tic*al*ly, adv.
Encomiastic
En*co`mi*as"tic, n. A panegyric. B. Jonson.
Encomion
En*co"mi*on (?), n. [NL.] Encomium; panegyric. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Encomium
En*co"mi*um (?), n.; pl. Encomiums (#). [NL., fr. Gr. Comedy.] Warm or
high praise; panegyric; strong commendation.
His encomiums awakened all my ardor. W. Irving.
Syn. -- See Eulogy.
Encompass
En*com"pass (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encompassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encompassing.] To circumscribe or go round so as to surround closely;
to encircle; to inclose; to environ; as, a ring encompasses the
finger; an army encompasses a city; a voyage encompassing the world.
Shak.
A question may be encompassed with difficulty. C. J. Smith.
The love of all thy sons encompass thee. Tennyson.
Syn. -- To encircle; inclose; surround; include; environ; invest; hem
in; shut up.
Encompassment
En*com"pass*ment (?), n. The act of surrounding, or the state of being
surrounded; circumvention.
By this encompassment and drift of question. Shak.
Encore
En`core" (?), adv. OR interj. [F. The last part of the word is fr. L.
hora hour. See Hour.] Once more; again; -- used by the auditors and
spectators of plays, concerts, and other entertainments, to call for a
repetition of a particular part.
Encore
En`core", n. A call or demand (as, by continued applause) for a
repetition; as, the encores were numerous.
Encore
En`core", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Encoring.]
To call for a repetition or reappearance of; as, to encore a song or a
singer.
[Rebecca] insisted upon encoring one of the duets. Thackeray.
Encorporing
En*cor"po*ring (?), n. [Pref. en- + L. corpus body.] Incorporation.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Encoubert
En`cou`bert" (?), n. [F., Pg. encorberto, encuberto, lit., covered.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of several species of armadillos of the genera Dasypus
and Euphractus, having five toes both on the fore and hind feet.
Encounter
En*coun"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encountered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encountering.] [OF. encontrer; pref. en- (L. in) + contre against, L.
contra. See Counter, adv.] To come against face to face; to meet; to
confront, either by chance, suddenly, or deliberately; especially, to
meet in opposition or with hostile intent; to engage in conflict with;
to oppose; to struggle with; as, to encounter a friend in traveling;
two armies encounter each other; to encounter obstacles or
difficulties, to encounter strong evidence of a truth.
Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoics,
encountered him. Acts xvii. 18.
I am most fortunate thus accidentally to encounter you. Shak.
Encounter
En*coun"ter, v. i. To meet face to face; to have a meeting; to meet,
esp. as enemies; to engage in combat; to fight; as, three armies
encountered at Waterloo.
I will encounter with Andronicus. Shak.
Perception and judgment, employed in the investigation of all
truth, have in the first place to encounter with particulars.
Tatham.
Encounter
En*coun"ter, n. [OF. encontre, fr. encontrer. See Encounter, v. t.]
1. A meeting face to face; a running against; a sudden or incidental
meeting; an interview.
To shun the encounter of the vulgar crowd. Pope.
2. A meeting, with hostile purpose; hence, a combat; a battle; as, a
bloody encounter.
As one for . . . fierce encounters fit. Spenser.
To join their dark encounter in mid-air. Milton
. Syn. -- Contest; conflict; fight; combat; assault; rencounter;
attack; engagement; onset. See Contest.
Encounterer
En*coun"ter*er (?), n. One who encounters; an opponent; an antagonist.
Atterbury.
Encourage
En*cour"age (?; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encouraged (?; 48); p. pr. &
vb. n. Encouraging (?).] [F. encourager; pref. en- (L. in) + courage
courage. See Courage.] To give courage to; to inspire with courage,
spirit, or hope; to raise, or to increase, the confidence of; to
animate; enhearten; to incite; to help forward; -- the opposite of
discourage.
David encouraged himself in the Lord. 1 Sam. xxx. 6.
Syn. -- To embolden; inspirit; animate; enhearten; hearten; incite;
cheer; urge; impel; stimulate; instigate; countenance; comfort;
promote; advance; forward; strengthen.
Encouragement
En*cour"age*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. encouragement.]
1. The act of encouraging; incitement to action or to practice; as,
the encouragement of youth in generosity.
All generous encouragement of arts. Otway.
2. That which serves to incite, support, promote, or advance, as
favor, countenance, reward, etc.; incentive; increase of confidence;
as, the fine arts find little encouragement among a rude people.
To think of his paternal care, Is a most sweet encouragement to
prayer. Byron.
Encourager
En*cour"a*ger (?), n. One who encourages, incites, or helps forward; a
favorer.
The pope is . . . a great encourager of arts. Addison.
Encouraging
En*cour"a*ging (?), a. Furnishing ground to hope; inspiriting;
favoring. -- En*cour"a*ging*ly, adv.
Encowl
En*cowl" (?), v. t. To make a monk (or wearer of a cowl) of. [R.]
Drayton.
Encradle
En*cra"dle (?), v. t. To lay in a cradle.
Encratite
En"cra*tite (?), n. [L. Encratitae, pl., fr. Gr. (Eccl. Hist.) One of
a sect in the 2d century who abstained from marriage, wine, and animal
food; -- called also Continent.
Encrease
En*crease" (?), v. t. & i. [Obs.] See Increase.
Encrimson
En*crim"son (?), v. t. To give a crimson or red color to; to crimson.
Shak.
Encrinic, Encrinal, Encrinital
En*crin"ic (?), En*cri"nal (?), En*crin"i*tal (?), a. (Paleon.)
Relating to encrinites; containing encrinites, as certain kinds of
limestone.
Encrinite
En"cri*nite (?), n. [Gr. encrinite.] (Paleon.) A fossil crinoid, esp.
one belonging to, or resembling, the genus Encrinus. Sometimes used in
a general sense for any crinoid.
Encrinitic, Encrinitical
En`cri*nit"ic (?), En`cri*nit"ic*al (?), a. (Paleon.) Pertaining to
encrinites; encrinal.
Encrinoidea
En`cri*noid"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Encrinus and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
That order of the Crinoidea which includes most of the living and many
fossil forms, having jointed arms around the margin of the oral disk;
-- also called Brachiata and Articulata. See Illusts. under Comatula
and Crinoidea.
Encrinus
En"cri*nus (?), n.; pl. Encrini (#). [NL. See Encrinite.] (Paleon.) A
genus of fossil encrinoidea, from the Mesozoic rocks.
Encrisped
En*crisped" (?), a. Curled. [Obs.] Skelton.
Encroach
En*croach" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Encroached (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encroaching.] [OF. encrochier to perch, prop., to hook, fasten a hook
(perh. confused with acrochier, F. accrocher, to hook, get hold of, E.
accroach); pref. en- (L. in) + F. croc hook. See Crook, and cf.
Accroach.] To enter by gradual steps or by stealth into the
possessions or rights of another; to trespass; to intrude; to trench;
-- commonly with on or upon; as, to encroach on a neighbor; to
encroach on the highway.
No sense, faculty, or member must encroach upon or interfere with
the duty and office of another. South.
Superstition, . . . a creeping and encroaching evil. Hooker.
Exclude the encroaching cattle from thy ground. Dryden.
Syn. -- To intrude; trench; infringe; invade; trespass.
Encroach
En*croach", n. Encroachment. [Obs.] South.
Encroacher
En*croach"er (?), n. One who by gradual steps enters on, and takes
possession of, what is not his own.
Encroachingly
En*croach"ing*ly, adv. By way of encroachment.
Encroachment
En*croach"ment (?), n.
1. The act of entering gradually or silently upon the rights or
possessions of another; unlawful intrusion.
An unconstitutional encroachment of military power on the civil
establishment. Bancroft.
2. That which is taken by encroaching on another.
3. (Law) An unlawful diminution of the possessions of another.
Encrust
En*crust" (?), v. t. To incrust. See Incrust.
Encrustment
En*crust"ment (?), n. That which is formed as a crust; incrustment;
incrustation.
Disengaging truth from its encrustment of error. I. Taylor.
Encumber
En*cum"ber (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encumbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encumbering.] [F. encombrer; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. combrer to
hinder. See Cumber, and cf. Incumber.] >[Written also incumber.]
1. To impede the motion or action of, as with a burden; to retard with
something superfluous; to weigh down; to obstruct or embarrass; as,
his movements were encumbered by his mantle; his mind is encumbered
with useless learning.
Not encumbered with any notable inconvenience. Hooker.
2. To load with debts, or other legal claims; as, to encumber an
estate with mortgages. Syn. -- To load; clog; oppress; overload;
embarrass; perplex; hinder; retard; obstruct; check; block.
Encumberment
En*cum"ber*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. encombrement.] Encumbrance. [R.]
Encumbrance
En*cum"brance (?), n. [Cf. OF. encombrance. Cf. Incumbrance.]
1. That which encumbers; a burden which impedes action, or renders it
difficult and laborious; a clog; an impediment. See Incumbrance.
2. (Law) Same as Incumbrance. Syn. -- Burden; clog; impediment; check;
hindrance.
Encumbrancer
En*cum"bran*cer (?), n. (Law) Same as Incumbrancer.
Encurtain
En*cur"tain (?), v. t. To inclose with curtains.
-ency
-en*cy (?). [L. -entia.] A noun suffix having much the same meaning as
-ence, but more commonly signifying the quality or state; as,
emergency, efficiency. See -ancy.
Encyclic, Encyclical
En*cyc"lic (?), En*cyc"li*cal (?), a. [L. encyclios of a circle,
general, Gr. encyclique. See Cycle.] Sent to many persons or places;
intended for many, or for a whole order of men; general; circular; as,
an encyclical letter of a council, of a bishop, or the pope.
Encyclic, Encyclical
En*cyc"lic, En*cyc"li*cal, n. An encyclical letter, esp. one from a
pope. Shipley.
Encyclopedia, Encyclop\'91dia
En*cy`clo*pe"di*a, En*cy`clo*p\'91"di*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
encyclop\'82die. See Cyclopedia, and Encyclical.] [Formerly written
encyclop\'91dy and encyclopedy.] The circle of arts and sciences; a
comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge; esp.,
a work in which the various branches of science or art are discussed
separately, and usually in alphabetical order; a cyclopedia.
Encyclopediacal
En*cy`clo*pe*di"a*cal (?), a. Encyclopedic.
Encyclopedian
En*cy`clo*pe"di*an (?), a. Embracing the whole circle of learning, or
a wide range of subjects.
Encyclopedic, Encyclopedical
En*cy`clo*ped"ic (?), En*cy`clo*ped"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
encyclop\'82dique.] Pertaining to, or of the nature of, an
encyclopedia; embracing a wide range of subjects.
Encyclopedism
En*cy`clo*pe"dism (?), n. The art of writing or compiling
encyclopedias; also, possession of the whole range of knowledge;
encyclopedic learning.
Encyclopedist
En*cy`clo*pe"dist (?), n. [Cf. F. encyclop\'82diste.] The compiler of
an encyclopedia, or one who assists in such compilation; also, one
whose knowledge embraces the whole range of the sciences. The
Encyclopedists, the writers of the great French encyclopedia which
appeared in 1751-1772. The editors were Diderot and D'Alembert. Among
the contributors were Voltaire and Rousseau.
Encyst
En*cyst" (?), v. t. To inclose in a cyst.
Encystation
En`cys*ta"tion (?), n. Encystment.
Encysted
En*cyst"ed (?), a. Inclosed in a cyst, or a sac, bladder, or vesicle;
as, an encysted tumor.
The encysted venom, or poison bag, beneath the adder's fang.
Coleridge.
Encystment
En*cyst"ment (?), n.
1. (Biol.) A process which, among some of the lower forms of life,
precedes reproduction by budding, fission, spore formation, etc.
NOTE: &hand; Th e animal (a) first contracts its body to a globular
mass (b) and then secretes a transparent cyst (c), after which the
mass divides into two or more parts (as in d e), each of which
attains freedom by the bursting of the cyst, and becomes an
individual animal.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A process by which many internal parasites, esp. in
their larval states, become inclosed within a cyst in the muscles,
liver, etc. See Trichina.
End
End (?), n. [OE. & AS. ende; akin to OS. endi, D. einde, eind, OHG.
enti, G. ende, Icel. endir, endi, Sw. \'84nde, Dan. ende, Goth.
andeis, Skr. anta. Ante-, Anti-, Answer.]
1. The extreme or last point or part of any material thing considered
lengthwise (the extremity of breadth being side); hence, extremity, in
general; the concluding part; termination; close; limit; as, the end
of a field, line, pole, road; the end of a year, of a discourse; put
an end to pain; -- opposed to beginning, when used of anything having
a first part.
Better is the end of a thing than the beginning thereof. Eccl. vii.
8.
2. Point beyond which no procession can be made; conclusion; issue;
result, whether successful or otherwise; conclusive event;
consequence.
My guilt be on my head, and there an end. Shak.
O that a man might know The end of this day's business ere it come!
Shak.
3. Termination of being; death; destruction; extermination; also,
cause of death or destruction.
Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end. Pope.
Confound your hidden falsehood, and award Either of you to be the
other's end. Shak.
I shall see an end of him. Shak.
4. The object aimed at in any effort considered as the close and
effect of exertion; ppurpose; intention; aim; as, to labor for private
or public ends.
Losing her, the end of living lose. Dryden.
When every man is his own end, all things will come to a bad end.
Coleridge.
5. That which is left; a remnant; a fragment; a scrap; as, odds and
ends.
I clothe my naked villainy With old odd ends stolen out of holy
writ, And seem a saint, when most I play the devil. Shak.
6. (Carpet Manuf.) One of the yarns of the worsted warp in a Brussels
carpet.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 490
An end. (a) On end; upright; erect; endways. Spenser (b) To the end;
continuously. [Obs.] Richardson. -- End bulb (Anat.), one of the
bulblike bodies in which some sensory nerve fibers end in certain
parts of the skin and mucous membranes; -- also called end corpuscles.
-- End fly, a bobfly. -- End for end, one end for the other; in
reversed order. -- End man, the last man in a row; one of the two men
at the extremities of a line of minstrels. -- End on (Naut.), bow
foremost. -- End organ (Anat.), the structure in which a nerve fiber
ends, either peripherally or centrally. -- End plate (Anat.), one of
the flat expansions in which motor nerve fibers terminate on muscular
fibers. -- End play (Mach.), movement endwise, or room for such
movement. -- End stone (Horol.), one of the two plates of a jewel in a
timepiece; the part that limits the pivot's end play. -- Ends of the
earth, the remotest regions of the earth. -- In the end, finally.
Shak. -- On end, upright; erect. -- To the end, in order. Bacon. -- To
make both ends meet, to live within one's income. Fuller. -- To put an
end to, to destroy.
End
End (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ended; p. pr. & vb. n. Ending.]
1. To bring to an end or conclusion; to finish; to close; to
terminate; as, to end a speech. "I shall end this strife." Shak.
On the seventh day God ended his work. Gen. ii. 2.
2. To form or be at the end of; as, the letter k ends the word back.
3. To destroy; to put to death. "This sword hath ended him." Shak.
To end up, to lift or tilt, so as to set on end; as, to end up a
hogshead.
End
End, v. i. To come to the ultimate point; to be finished; to come to a
close; to cease; to terminate; as, a voyage ends; life ends; winter
ends.
Endable
End"a*ble (?), a. That may be ended; terminable.
Endall
End"*all` (?), n. Complete termination. [R.]
That but this blow Might be the be-all and the end-all here. Shak.
Endamage
En*dam"age (?; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endamaged (?; 48); p. pr. &
vb. n. Endamaging (?).] [Pref. en- + damage: cf. F. endommager.] To
bring loss or damage to; to harm; to injure. [R.]
The trial hath endamaged thee no way. Milton.
Endamageable
En*dam"age*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being damaged, or injured;
damageable. [Obs.]
Endamagement
En*dam"age*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. endommagement.] Damage; injury; harm.
[Obs.] Shak.
Endamnify
En*dam"ni*fy (?), v. t. To damnify; to injure. [R.] Sandys.
Endanger
En*dan"ger (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endangered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endangering.]
1. To put to hazard; to bring into danger or peril; to expose to loss
or injury; as, to endanger life or peace.
All the other difficulties of his reign only exercised without
endangering him. Burke.
2. To incur the hazard of; to risk. [Obs.]
He that turneth the humors back . . . endangereth malign ulcers.
Bacon.
Endangerment
En*dan"ger*ment (?), n. Hazard; peril. Milton.
Endark
En*dark" (?), v. t. To darken. [Obs.] Feltham.
Endaspidean
En`das*pid"e*an (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior
scutes extending around the tarsus on the inner side; -- said of
certain birds.
Endazzle
En*daz"zle (?), v. t. To dazzle. [Obs.] "Endazzled eyes." Milton.
Endear
En*dear" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endeared (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endearing.]
1. To make dear or beloved. "To be endeared to a king." Shak.
2. To raise the price or cost of; to make costly or expensive. [R.]
King James I. (1618).
Endearedly
En*dear"ed*ly (?), adv. With affection or endearment; dearly.
Endearedness
En*dear"ed*ness, n. State of being endeared.
Endearing
En*dear"ing, a. Making dear or beloved; causing love. --
En*dear"ing*ly, adv.
Endearment
En*dear"ment (?), n. The act of endearing or the state of being
endeared; also, that which manifests, excites, or increases,
affection. "The great endearments of prudent and temperate speech."
Jer. Taylor.
Her first endearments twining round the soul. Thomson.
Endeavor
En*deav"or (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endeavored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endeavoring.] [OE. endevor; pref. en- + dever, devoir, duty, F.
devoir: cf. F. se mettre en devoir de faire quelque chose to try to do
a thing, to go about it. See Devoir, Debt.] [Written also endeavour.]
To exert physical or intellectual strength for the attainment of; to
use efforts to effect; to strive to achieve or reach; to try; to
attempt.
It is our duty to endeavor the recovery of these beneficial
subjects. Ld. Chatham.
To endeavor one's self, to exert one's self strenuously to the
fulfillment of a duty. [Obs.] "A just man that endeavoreth himself to
leave all wickedness." Latimer.
Endeavor
En*deav"or, v. i. To exert one's self; to work for a certain end.
And such were praised who but endeavored well. Pope.
NOTE: Usually wi th an in finitive; as, to endeavor to outstrip an
antagonist.
He had . . . endeavored earnestly to do his duty. Prescott.
Syn. -- To attempt; try; strive; struggle; essay; aim; seek.
Endeavor
En*deav"or, n. [Written also endeavour.] An exertion of physical or
intellectual strength toward the attainment of an object; a systematic
or continuous attempt; an effort; a trial.
To employ all my endeavor to obey you. Sir P. Sidney.
To do one's endeavor, to do one's duty; to put forth strenuous efforts
to attain an object; -- a phrase derived from the Middle English
phrase "to do one's dever" (duty). "Mr. Prynne proceeded to show he
had done endeavor to prepare his answer." Fuller. Syn. -- Essay;
trial; effort; exertion. See Attempt.
Endeavorer
En*deav"or*er (?), n. One who makes an effort or attempt. [Written
also endeavourer.]
Endeavorment
En*deav"or*ment (?), n. Act of endeavoring; endeavor. [Obs.] Spenser.
Endecagon
En*dec"a*gon (?), n. [See Hendecagon.] (Geom.) A plane figure of
eleven sides and angles.
Endecagynous
En`de*cag"y*nous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having eleven pistils; as, an
endecagynous flower.
Endecane
En"de*cane (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) One of the higher hydrocarbons of the
paraffin series, C11H24, found as a constituent of petroleum. [Written
also hendecane.]
Endecaphyllous
En`de*caph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Composed of eleven leaflets; --
said of a leaf.
Endeictic
En*deic"tic (?), a. [Gr. Serving to show or exhibit; as, an endeictic
dialogue, in the Platonic philosophy, is one which exhibits a specimen
of skill. Enfield.
Endeixis
En*deix"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Endeictic.] (Med.) An indication.
Endemial
En*de"mi*al (?), a. Endemic. [R.]
Endemic, Endemical
En*de"mic (?), En*de"mic*al (?), a. [Gr. end\'82mique.] (Med.)
Peculiar to a district or particular locality, or class of persons;
as, an endemic disease.
NOTE: &hand; An endemic disease is one which is constantly present
to a greater or less degree in any place, as distinguished from an
epidemic disease, which prevails widely at some one time, or
periodically, and from a sporadic disease, of which a few instances
occur now and then.
Endemic
En*dem"ic, n. (Med.) An endemic disease.
Fear, which is an endemic latent in every human heart, sometimes
rises into an epidemic. J. B. Heard.
Endemically
En*dem"ic*al*ly, adv. In an endemic manner.
Endemiology
En*dem`i*ol"o*gy (?), n. The science which treats of endemic
affections.
Endenization
En*den`i*za"tion (?), n. The act of naturalizing. [R.]
Endenize
En*den"ize (?), v. t. To endenizen. [Obs.]
Endenizen
En*den"i*zen (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + denizen. Cf. Indenizen.] To admit
to the privileges of a denizen; to naturalize. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Ender
End"er (?), n. One who, or that which, makes an end of something; as,
the ender of my life.
Endermatic
En`der*mat"ic (?), a. Endermic.
Endermic
En*der"mic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Acting through the skin, or by direct
application to the skin. Endermic method, that in which the medicine
enters the system through the skin, being applied either to the sound
skin, or to the surface denuded of the cuticle by a blister.
Endermically
En*der"mic*al*ly (?), adv. By the endermic method; as, applied
endermically.
Enderon
En"de*ron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The deep sensitive and
vascular layer of the skin and mucous membranes. -- En`de*ron"ic, a.
Endiademed
En*di"a*demed (?), a. Diademed. [R.]
Endiaper
En*di"a*per (?), v. t. [See Diaper.] To decorate with a diaper
pattern.
Endict
En*dict" (?), v. t. See Indict.
Endictment
En*dict"ment (?), n. See Indictment.
Ending
End"ing (?), n.
1. Termination; concluding part; result; conclusion; destruction;
death.
2. (Gram.) The final syllable or letter of a word; the part joined to
the stem. See 3d Case, 5.
Ending day, day of death. Chaucer.
Endite
En*dite (?), v. t. See Indite. Spenser.
Endive
En"dive (?), n. [F. endive (cf. Pr., Sp. Pg., & It. endivia), fr. a
deriv. of L. intibus, intybus, endive.] (Bot.) A composite herb
(Cichorium Endivia). Its finely divided and much curled leaves, when
blanched, are used for salad. Wild endive (Bot.), chicory or succory.
Endless
End"less (?), a. [AS. endele\'a0s. See End.]
1. Without end; having no end or conclusion; perpetual; interminable;
-- applied to length, and to duration; as, an endless line; endless
time; endless bliss; endless praise; endless clamor.
2. Infinite; excessive; unlimited. Shak.
3. Without profitable end; fruitless; unsatisfying. [R.] "All loves
are endless." Beau. & Fl.
4. Void of design; objectless; as, an endless pursuit.
Endless chain, a chain which is made continuous by uniting its two
ends. -- Endless screw. (Mech.) See under Screw. Syn. -- Eternal;
everlasting; interminable; infinite; unlimited; incessant; perpetual;
uninterrupted; continual; unceasing; unending; boundless; undying;
imperishable.
Endlessly
End"less*ly, adv. In an endless manner.
Endlessness
End"less*ness, n. [AS. endele\'a0snys.] The quality of being endless;
perpetuity.
Endlong
End"long` (?; 115), adv. & prep. [Cf. Along.] Lengthwise; along.
[Archaic]
The doors were all of adamants eterne, I-clenched overthwart and
endelong With iron tough. Chaucer.
He pricketh endelong the large space. Chaucer.
To thrust the raft endlong across the moat. Sir W. Scott.
Endmost
End"most` (?), a. Farthest; remotest; at the very end. Tylor.
Endo-, End-
En"do- (?), End- (?). [Gr. In.] A combining form signifying within;
as, endocarp, endogen, endocuneiform, endaspidean.
Endoblast
En"do*blast (?), n. [Endo- + -blast.] (Biol.) Entoblast; endoplast.
See Nucleus,
Endoblastic
En`do*blas"tic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to the endoblast; as, the
endoblastic layer.
Endocardiac, Endocardial
En`do*car"di*ac (?), En`do*car"di*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to the endocardium.
2. (Med.) Seated or generated within the heart; as, endocardial
murmurs.
Endocarditis
En`do*car*di"tis (?), n. [NL. See -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the
endocardium.
Endocardium
En`do*car"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The membrane lining the
cavities of the heart.
Endocarp
En"do*carp (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. endocarpe.] (Bot.) The inner layer of
a ripened or fructified ovary.
Endochondral
En`do*chon"dral (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. (Physiol.) Growing or developing
within cartilage; -- applied esp. to developing bone.
Endochrome
En"do*chrome (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.) The coloring matter within
the cells of plants, whether green, red, yellow, or any other color.
Endoctrine
En*doc"trine (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + doctrine.] To teach; to
indoctrinate. [Obs.] Donne.
Endocyst
En"do*cyst (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The inner layer of the
cells of Bryozoa.
Endoderm
En"do*derm (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The inner layer of the
skin or integument of an animal. (b) The innermost layer of the
blastoderm and the structures derived from it; the hypoblast; the
entoblast. See Illust. of Ectoderm.
Endodermal, Endodermic
En`do*der"mal (?), En`do*der"mic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to
the endoderm.
Endodermis
En`do*der"mis (?), n. [NL. See Endoderm.] (Bot.) A layer of cells
forming a kind of cuticle inside of the proper cortical layer, or
surrounding an individual fibrovascular bundle.
Endogamous
En*dog"a*mous (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. Marrying within the same tribe; --
opposed to exogamous.
Endogamy
En*dog"a*my (?), n. Marriage only within the tribe; a custom
restricting a man in his choice of a wife to the tribe to which he
belongs; -- opposed to exogamy.
Endogen
En"do*gen (?), n. [Endo- + -gen: cf. F. endog\'8ane.] (Bot.) A plant
which increases in size by internal growth and elongation at the
summit, having the wood in the form of bundles or threads, irregularly
distributed throughout the whole diameter, not forming annual layers,
and with no distinct pith. The leaves of the endogens have, usually,
parallel veins, their flowers are mostly in three, or some multiple of
three, parts, and their embryos have but a single cotyledon, with the
first leaves alternate. The endogens constitute one of the great
primary classes of plants, and included all palms, true lilies,
grasses, rushes, orchids, the banana, pineapple, etc. See Exogen.
Endogenesis
En`do*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Endo- + genesis.] (Biol.) Endogeny.
Endogenetic
En`do*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Endogenous.
Endogenous
En*dog"e*nous (?), a.
1. (Bot.) Increasing by internal growth and elongation at the summit,
instead of externally, and having no distinction of pith, wood, and
bark, as the rattan, the palm, the cornstalk.
2. (Biol.) Originating from within; increasing by internal growth.
Endogenous multiplication (Biol.), a method of cell formation, seen in
cells having a cell wall. The nucleus and protoplasm divide into two
distinct masses; these in turn become divided and subdivided, each
division becoming a new cell, until finally the original cell wall is
ruptured and the new cells are liberated (see Segmentation, and
Illust. of Cell Division, under Division). This mode of growth is
characteristic of many forms of cells, both animal and vegetable.
Endogenously
En*dog"e*nous*ly, adv. By endogenous growth.
Endogeny
En*dog"e*ny (?), n. [See Endogenesis.] (Biol.) Growth from within;
multiplication of cells by endogenous division, as in the development
of one or more cells in the interior of a parent cell.
Endognath
En"dog*nath (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The inner or principal
branch of the oral appendages of Crustacea. See Maxilla.
Endognathal
En*dog"na*thal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the endognath.
Endolymph
En"do*lymph (?), n. [Endo- + lymph: cf. F. endolymphe.] (Anat.) The
watery fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the internal
ear.
Endolymphangial
En"do*lym*phan"gi*al (?), a. [Endo- + lymphangial.] (Anat.) Within a
lymphatic vessel.
Endolymphatic
En"do*lym*phat"ic (?), a. [Endo- + lymphatic.] (Anat.) (a) Pertaining
to, or containing, endolymph; as, the endolymphatic duct. (b) Within a
lymphatic vessel; endolymphangial.
Endome
En*dome" (?), v. t. To cover as with a dome.
Endometritis
En`do*me*tri"tis (?), n. [NL. See Endometrium, and -itis.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the endometrium.
Endometrium
En`do*me"tri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The membrane lining the
inner surface of the uterus, or womb.
Endomorph
En"do*morph (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Min.) A crystal of one species
inclosed within one of another, as one of rutile inclosed in quartz.
Endomysium
En`do*my"si*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The delicate bands of
connective tissue interspersed among muscular fibers.
Endoneurium
En`do*neu"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The delicate bands of
connective tissue among nerve fibers.
Endoparasite
En`do*par"a*site (?), n. [Endo- + parasite.] (Zo\'94l.) Any parasite
which lives in the internal organs of an animal, as the tapeworms,
Trichina, etc.; -- opposed to ectoparasite. See Entozo\'94n. --
En`do*par`a*sit"ic (#), a.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 491
Endophl En`do*phl (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The inner layer of the bark of
trees.
Endophragma
En`do*phrag"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A chitinous structure
above the nervous cord in the thorax of certain Crustacea.
Endophragmal
En`do*phrag"mal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
endophragma.
Endophyllous
En*doph"yl*lous (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.) Wrapped up within a leaf
or sheath.
Endoplasm
En"do*plasm (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) The protoplasm in the
interior of a cell.
Endoplasma
En`do*plas"ma (?), n. [NL. See Endoplasm.] (Biol.) Same as Entoplasm
and Endosarc.
Endoplast
En"do*plast (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) See Nucleus.
Endoplastica
En`do*plas"ti*ca (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
Rhizopoda having a distinct nucleus, as the am
Endoplastule
En`do*plas"tule (?; 135), n. [A dim. fr. endo- + Gr. (Biol.) See
Nucleolus.
Endopleura
En`do*pleu"ra, n. [NL., fr. Gr. Pleura.] (Bot.) The inner coating of a
seed. See Tegmen.
Endopleurite
En`do*pleu"rite (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The portion of each
apodeme developed from the interepimeral membrane in certain
crustaceans.
Endopodite
En*dop"o*dite (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The internal or
principal branch of the locomotive appendages of Crustacea. See
Maxilliped.
Endorhiza
En`do*rhi"za (?), n.; pl. Endorhiz\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) Any
monocotyledonous plant; -- so named because many monocotyledons have
an endorhizal embryo.
NOTE: &hand; En dorhiza was proposed by Richard as a substitute for
the term endogen, and exorhiza as a substitute for the term exogen;
but they have not been generally adopted.
Endorhizal, Endorhizous
En`do*rhi"zal (?), En`do*rhi"zous (?), a. (Bot.) Having the radicle of
the embryo sheathed by the cotyledon, through which the embryo bursts
in germination, as in many monocotyledonous plants.
Endorse
En*dorse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endorsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endorsing.] [Formerly endosse, fr. F. endosser to put on the back, to
endorse; pref. en- (L. in) + dos back, L. dorsum. See Dorsal, and cf.
Indorse.] Same as Indorse.
NOTE: &hand; Both endorse and indorse are used by good writers; but
the tendency is to the more general use of indorse and its
derivatives indorsee, indorser, and indorsement.
Endorse
En*dorse", n. (Her.) A subordinary, resembling the pale, but of one
fourth its width (according to some writers, one eighth).
Endorsee
En`dor*see" (?), n. Same as Indorsee.
Endorsement
En*dorse"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. endossement.] Same as Indorsement.
Endorser
En*dors"er (?), n. Same as Indorser.
Endosarc
En"do*sarc (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) The semifluid, granular
interior of certain unicellular organisms, as the inner layer of
sarcode in the am\'d2ba; entoplasm; endoplasta.
Endoscope
En"do*scope (?), n. [Endo- + -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for
examining the interior of the rectum, the urethra, and the bladder.
Endoscopy
En*dos"co*py (?), n. (Med.) The art or process of examining by means
of the endoscope.
Endoskeletal
En`do*skel"e*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or connected with, the
endoskeleton; as, endoskeletal muscles.
Endoskeleton
En`do*skel"e*ton (?), n. [Endo- + skeleton.] (Anat.) The bony,
cartilaginous, or other internal framework of an animal, as
distinguished from the exoskeleton.
Endosmometer
En`dos*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Endosmose + -meter.] (Physics) An instrument
for measuring the force or amount of endosmotic action.
Endosmometric
En*dos`mo*met"ric (?), a. Pertaining to, or designed for, the
measurement of endosmotic action.
Endosmose, Endosmosis
En"dos*mose` (?), En`dos*mo"sis (?), n. [NL. endosmosis, fr. Gr.
endosmose.] (Physics) The transmission of a fluid or gas from without
inward in the phenomena, or by the process, of osmose.
Endosmosmic
En`dos*mos"mic (?), a. Endosmotic.
Endosmotic
En`dos*mot"ic (?), a. Pertaining to endosmose; of the nature
endosmose; osmotic. Carpenter.
Endosperm
En"do*sperm (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.) The albumen of a seed; --
limited by recent writers to that formed within the embryo sac.
Endospermic
En`do*sper"mic (?), a. (Bot.) Relating to, accompanied by, or
containing, endosperm.
Endospore
En"do*spore (?), n. [Endo- + spore.] (Bot.) The thin inner coat of
certain spores.
Endosporous
En`do*spor"ous (?), a. (Bot.) Having the spores contained in a case;
-- applied to fungi.
Endoss
En*doss" (?; 115), v. t. [F. endosser. See Endorse.] To put upon the
back or outside of anything; -- the older spelling of endorse. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Endosteal
En*dos"te*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Relating to endostosis; as, endosteal
ossification.
Endosternite
En`do*ster"nite (?), n. [Endo- + sternum.] (Zo\'94l.) The part of each
apodeme derived from the intersternal membrane in Crustacea and
insects.
Endosteum
En*dos"te*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The layer of vascular
connective tissue lining the medullary cavities of bone.
Endostoma
En*dos"to*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A plate which supports
the labrum in certain Crustacea.
Endostome
En"do*stome (?), n. [See Endostoma.]
1. (Bot.) The foramen or passage through the inner integument of an
ovule.
2. (Zo\'94l.) And endostoma.
Endostosis
En`dos*to"sis (?), n. [NL. See Endo-, and Ostosis.] (Physiol.) A
process of bone formation in which ossification takes place within the
substance of the cartilage.
Endostyle
En"do*style (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A fold of the endoderm,
which projects into the blood cavity of ascidians. See Tunicata.
Endotheca
En`do*the"ca (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The tissue which
partially fills the interior of the interseptal chambers of most
madreporarian corals. It usually consists of a series of oblique
tranverse septa, one above another. -- En`do*the"cal (#), a.
Endothecium
En`do*the"ci*um (?), n. [NL. See Endotheca.] (Bot.) The inner lining
of an another cell.
Endothelial
En`do*the"li*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of, or relating to, endothelium.
Endothelium
En`do*the"li*um (?), n.; pl. Endothelia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The
thin epithelium lining the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous
cavities. See Epithelium.
Endotheloid
En`do*the"loid (?), a. [Endothelium + -oid.] (Anat.) Like endothelium.
Endothorax
En`do*tho"rax (?), n. [Endo- + thorax.] (Zo\'94l.) An internal process
of the sternal plates in the thorax of insects.
Endow
En*dow" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endowing.] [OF. endouer; pref. en- (L. in) + F. douer to endow, L.
dotare. See Dower, and cf. 2d Endue.]
1. To furnish with money or its equivalent, as a permanent fund for
support; to make pecuniary provision for; to settle an income upon;
especially, to furnish with dower; as, to endow a wife; to endow a
public institution.
Endowing hospitals and almshouses. Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. To enrich or furnish with anything of the nature of a gift (as a
quality or faculty); -- followed by with, rarely by of; as, man is
endowed by his Maker with reason; to endow with privileges or
benefits.
Endower
En*dow"er (?), v. t. [Cf. OF. endouairer. See Dower, Endow.] To endow.
[Obs.] Waterhouse.
Endower
En*dow"er, n. One who endows.
Endowment
En*dow"ment (?), n.
1. The act of bestowing a dower, fund, or permanent provision for
support.
2. That which is bestowed or settled on a person or an institution;
property, fund, or revenue permanently appropriated to any object; as,
the endowment of a church, a hospital, or a college.
3. That which is given or bestowed upon the person or mind; gift of
nature; accomplishment; natural capacity; talents; -- usually in the
plural.
His early endowments had fitted him for the work he was to do. I.
Taylor.
Endozoa
En`do*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) See Entozoa.
Endrudge
En*drudge" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + drudge.] To make a drudge or slave
of. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Endue
En*due" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enduing.]
[L. induere, prob. confused with E. endow. See Indue.] To invest.
Latham.
Tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power
from on high. Luke xxiv. 49.
Endue them . . . with heavenly gifts. Book of Common Prayer.
Endue
En*due", v. t. An older spelling of Endow. Tillotson.
Enduement
En*due"ment (?), n. Act of enduing; induement.
Endurable
En*dur"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. endurable. See Endure.] Capable of being
endured or borne; sufferable. Macaulay. -- En*dur"a*ble*ness, n.
Endurably
En*dur"a*bly, adv. In an endurable manner.
Endurance
En*dur"ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. endurance. See Endure.]
1. A state or quality of lasting or duration; lastingness;
continuance.
Slurring with an evasive answer the question concerning the
endurance of his own possession. Sir W. Scott.
2. The act of bearing or suffering; a continuing under pain or
distress without resistance, or without being overcome; sufferance;
patience.
Their fortitude was most admirable in their patience and endurance
of all evils, of pain and of death. Sir W. Temple.
Syn. -- Suffering; patience; fortitude; resignation.
Endurant
En*dur"ant (?), a. Capable of enduring fatigue, pain, hunger, etc.
The ibex is a remarkably endurant animal. J. G. Wood.
Endure
En*dure" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Endured (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enduring (?).] [F. endurer; pref. en- (L. in) + durer to last. See
Dure, v. i., and cf. Indurate.]
1. To continue in the same state without perishing; to last; to
remain.
Their verdure still endure. Shak.
He shall hold it [his house] fast, but it shall not endure. Job
viii. 15.
2. To remain firm, as under trial or suffering; to suffer patiently or
without yielding; to bear up under adversity; to hold out.
Can thine heart endure, or can thine hands be strong in the days
that I shall deal with thee? Ezek. xxii. 14.
Endure
En*dure", v. t.
1. To remain firm under; to sustain; to undergo; to support without
breaking or yielding; as, metals endure a certain degree of heat
without melting; to endure wind and weather.
Both were of shining steel, and wrought so pure, As might the
strokes of two such arms endure. Dryden.
2. To bear with patience; to suffer without opposition or without
sinking under the pressure or affliction; to bear up under; to put up
with; to tolerate.
I will no longer endure it. Shak.
Therefore I endure all things for the elect's sake. 2 Tim. ii. 10.
How can I endure to see the evil that shall come unto my people?
Esther viii. 6.
3. To harden; to toughen; to make hardy. [Obs.]
Manly limbs endured with little ease. Spenser.
Syn. -- To last; remain; continue; abide; brook; submit to; suffer.
Endurement
En*dure"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. endurement.] Endurance. [Obs.] South.
Endurer
En*dur"er (?), n. One who, or that which, endures or lasts; one who
bears, suffers, or sustains.
Enduring
En*dur"ing, a. Lasting; durable; long-suffering; as, an enduring
disposition. "A better and enduring substance." Heb. x. 34. --
En*dur"ing*ly, adv. T. Arnold. -- En*dur"ing*ness, n.
Endways, Endwise
End"ways` (?), End"wise (?), adv.
1. On end; erectly; in an upright position.
2. With the end forward.
Endyma
En"dy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) See Ependyma.
Endysis
En"dy*sis (?), n.; pl. Endyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The act of
developing a new coat of hair, a new set of feathers, scales, etc.; --
opposed to ecdysis.
Enecate
En"e*cate (?), v. t. [L. enecatus, p. p. of enecare; e out, utterly +
necare to kill.] To kill off; to destroy. [Obs.] Harvey.
Eneid
E*ne"id (?), n. Same as \'92neid.
Enema
En"e*ma (?), n.; pl. L. Enemata (#). [L. enema, Gr. (Med.) An
injection, or clyster, thrown into the rectum as a medicine, or to
impart nourishment. Hoblyn.
Enemy
En"e*my (?), n.; pl. Enemies (#). [OF. enemi, F. ennemi, from L.
inimicus; in- (negative) + amicus friend. See Amicable.] One hostile
to another; one who hates, and desires or attempts the injury of,
another; a foe; an adversary; as, an enemy of or to a person; an enemy
to truth, or to falsehood.
To all good he enemy was still. Spenser.
I say unto you, Love your enemies. Matt. v. 44.
The enemy (Mil.), the hostile force. In this sense it is construed
with the verb and pronoun either in the singular or the plural, but
more commonly in the singular; as, we have met the enemy and he is
ours or they are ours.
It was difficult in such a country to track the enemy. It was
impossible to drive him to bay. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Foe; antagonist; opponent. See Adversary.
Enemy
En"e*my, a. Hostile; inimical. [Obs.]
They . . . every day grow more enemy to God. Jer. Taylor.
Enepidermic
En*ep`i*der"mic (?), a. [Pref. en- (Gr. epidermic.] (Med.) Applied to
the skin without friction; -- said of medicines.
Energetic, Energetical
En`er*get"ic (?), En`er*get"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Energy.]
1. Having energy or energies; possessing a capacity for vigorous
action or for exerting force; active. "A Being eternally energetic."
Grew.
2. Exhibiting energy; operating with force, vigor, and effect;
forcible; powerful; efficacious; as, energetic measures; energetic
laws. Syn. -- Forcible; powerful; efficacious; potent; vigorous;
effective; strenuous. -- En`er*get"ic*al*ly, adv. --
En`er*get"ic*al*ness, n.
Energetics
En`er*get"ics (?), n. That branch of science which treats of the laws
governing the physical or mechanical, in distinction from the vital,
forces, and which comprehends the consideration and general
investigation of the whole range of the forces concerned in physical
phenomena. [R.]
Energic, Energical
En*er"gic (?), En*er"gic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82nergique.]
1. In a state of action; acting; operating.
2. Having energy or great power; energetic.
The energic faculty that we call will. Blackw. Mag.
Energize
En"er*gize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Energized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Energizing (?).] [From Energy.] To use strength in action; to act or
operate with force or vigor; to act in producing an effect.
Of all men it is true that they feel and energize first, they
reflect and judge afterwards. J. C. Shairp.
Energize
En"er*gize, v. t. To give strength or force to; to make active; to
alacrify; as, to energize the will.
Energizer
En"er*gi`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, gives energy, or acts in
producing an effect.
Energizing
En"er*gi`zing (?), a. Capable of imparting or exercising energy.
Those nobler exercises of energizing love. Bp. Horsley.
Energumen
En`er*gu"men (?), n. [L. energumenos, fr. Gr. \'82nergum\'8ane. See
Energetic.] (Eccl. Antiq.) One possessed by an evil spirit; a
demoniac.
Energy
En"er*gy (?), n.; pl. Energies (#). [F. \'82nergie, LL. energia, fr.
Gr.In, and Work.]
1. Internal or inherent power; capacity of acting, operating, or
producing an effect, whether exerted or not; as, men possessing
energies may suffer them to lie inactive.
The great energies of nature are known to us only by their effects.
Paley.
2. Power efficiently and forcibly exerted; vigorous or effectual
operation; as, the energy of a magistrate.
3. Strength of expression; force of utterance; power to impress the
mind and arouse the feelings; life; spirit; -- said of speech,
language, words, style; as, a style full of energy.
4. (Physics) Capacity for performing work.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ki netic energy of a body is the energy it has in
virtue of being in motion. It is measured by one half of the
product of the mass of each element of the body multiplied by the
square of the velocity of the element, relative to some given body
or point. The available kinetic energy of a material system
unconnected with any other system is that energy which is due to
the motions of the parts of the system relative to its center of
mass. The potential energy of a body or system is that energy which
is not kinetic; -- energy due to configuration. Kinetic energy is
sometimes called actual energy. Kinetic energy is exemplified in
the vis viva of moving bodies, in heat, electric currents, etc.;
potential energy, in a bent spring, or a body suspended a given
distance above the earth and acted on by gravity.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 492
Accumulation, Conservation, Correlation, AND Degradation of energy,
etc. (Physics) See under Accumulation, Conservation, Correlation, etc.
Syn. -- Force; power; potency; vigor; strength; spirit; efficiency;
resolution.
Enervate
E*ner"vate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enervated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enervating.] [L. enervatus, p. p. of enervare, fr. enervis nerveless,
weak; e out + nervus nerve. See Nerve.] To deprive of nerve, force,
strength, or courage; to render feeble or impotent; to make
effeminate; to impair the moral powers of.
A man . . . enervated by licentiousness. Macaulay.
And rhyme began t' enervate poetry. Dryden.
Syn. -- To weaken; enfeeble; unnerve; debilitate.
Enervate
E*ner"vate (?), a. [L. enervatus, p. p.] Weakened; weak; without
strength of force. Pope.
Enervation
En`er*va"tion (?), n. [L. enervatio: cf. F. \'82nervation.]
1. The act of weakening, or reducing strength.
2. The state of being weakened; effeminacy. Bacon.
Enervative
E*ner"va*tive (?), a. Having power, or a tendency, to enervate;
weakening. [R.]
Enerve
E*nerve" (?), v. t. [Cf. F. \'82nerver. See Enervate.] To weaken; to
enervate. [Obs.] Milton.
Enervous
E*nerv"ous (?), a. [L. enervis, enervus.] Lacking nerve or force;
enervated. [R.]
Enfamish
En*fam"ish (?), v. t. To famish; to starve.
Enfect
En*fect" (?), a. [See Infect, a.] Contaminated with illegality. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Enfeeble
En*fee"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfeebled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enfeebling (?).] [OF. enfeblir, enfeiblir; pref. en- (L. in) + feble,
F. faible, feeble. See Feeble.] To make feeble; to deprive of
strength; to reduce the strength or force of; to weaken; to
debilitate.
Enfeebled by scanty subsistence and excessive toil. Prescott.
Syn. -- To weaken; debilitate; enervate.
Enfeeblement
En*fee"ble*ment (?), n. The act of weakening; enervation; weakness.
Enfeebler
En*fee"bler (?), n. One who, or that which, weakens or makes feeble.
Enfeeblish
En*fee"blish, v. i. To enfeeble. [Obs.] Holland.
Enfeloned
En*fel"oned (?), a. [Pref. en- + felon: cf. OF. enfelonner.] Rendered
fierce or frantic. [Obs.] "Like one enfeloned or distraught." Spenser.
Enfeoff
En*feoff" (?; see Feoff, 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfeoffed (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Enfeoffing.] [Pref. en- + feoff, fief: cf. LL. infeofare,
OF. enfeffer, enfeofer.]
1. (Law) To give a feud, or right in land, to; to invest with a fief
or fee; to invest (any one) with a freehold estate by the process of
feoffment. Mozley & W.
2. To give in vassalage; to make subservient. [Obs.]
[The king] enfeoffed himself to popularity. Shak.
Enfeoffment
En*feoff"ment (?), n. (Law) (a) The act of enfeoffing. (b) The
instrument or deed by which one is invested with the fee of an estate.
Enfester
En*fes"ter (?), v. t. To fester. [Obs.] "Enfestered sores." Davies
(Holy Roode).
Enfetter
En*fet"ter (?), v. t. To bind in fetters; to enchain. "Enfettered to
her love." Shak.
Enfever
En*fe"ver (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + fever: cf. F. enfi\'82vrer.] To
excite fever in. [R.] A. Seward.
Enfierce
En*fierce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfierced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enfiercing (?).] To make fierce. [Obs.] Spenser.
Enfilade
En`fi*lade" (?; 277), n. [F., fr. enfiler to thread, go trough a
street or square, rake with shot; pref. en- (L. in) + fil thread. See
File a row.]
1. A line or straight passage, or the position of that which lies in a
straight line. [R.]
2. (Mil.) A firing in the direction of the length of a trench, or a
line of parapet or troops, etc.; a raking fire.
Enfilade
En`fi*lade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfiladed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Enfilading.] (Mil.) To pierce, scour, or rake with shot in the
direction of the length of, as a work, or a line of troops. Campbell.
Enfiled
En*filed" (?), p. a. [F. enfiler to pierce, thread.] (Her.) Having
some object, as the head of a man or beast, impaled upon it; as, a
sword which is said to be "enfiled of" the thing which it pierces.
Enfire
En*fire" (?), v. t. To set on fire. [Obs.] Spenser.
Enflesh
En*flesh" (?), v. t. To clothe with flesh. [Obs.]
Vices which are . . . enfleshed in him. Florio.
Enflower
En*flow"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enflowered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enflowering.] To cover or deck with flowers. [Poetic]
These odorous and enflowered fields. B. Jonson.
Enfold
En*fold" (?), v. t. To infold. See Infold.
Enfoldment
En*fold"ment (?), n. The act of infolding. See Infoldment.
Enforce
En*force" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enforced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enforcing (?).] [OF. enforcier to strengthen, force, F. enforcir;
pref. en- (L. in) + F. force. See Force.]
1. To put force upon; to force; to constrain; to compel; as, to
enforce obedience to commands.
Inward joy enforced my heart to smile. Shak.
2. To make or gain by force; to obtain by force; as, to enforce a
passage. "Enforcing furious way." Spenser.
3. To put in motion or action by violence; to drive.
As swift as stones Enforced from the old Assyrian slings. Shak.
4. To give force to; to strengthen; to invigorate; to urge with
energy; as, to enforce arguments or requests.
Enforcing sentiment of the thrust humanity. Burke.
5. To put in force; to cause to take effect; to give effect to; to
execute with vigor; as, to enforce the laws.
6. To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress upon.
Enforce him with his envy to the people. Shak.
Enforce
En*force (?), v. i.
1. To attempt by force. [Obs.]
2. To prove; to evince. [R.] Hooker.
3. To strengthen; to grow strong. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Enforce
En*force", n. Force; strength; power. [Obs.]
A petty enterprise of small enforce. Milton.
Enforceable
En*force"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being enforced.
Enforced
En*forced" (?), a. Compelled; forced; not voluntary. "Enforced wrong."
"Enforced smiles." Shak. -- En*for"ced*ly, adv. Shak.
Enforcement
En*force"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. enforcement.]
1. The act of enforcing; compulsion.
He that contendeth against these enforcements may easily master or
resist them. Sir W. Raleigh.
Confess 't was hers, and by what rough enforcement You got it from
her. Shak.
2. A giving force to; a putting in execution.
Enforcement of strict military discipline. Palfrey.
3. That which enforces, constraints, gives force, authority, or effect
to; constraint; force applied.
The rewards and punishment of another life, which the Almighty has
established as the enforcements of his law. Locke.
Enforcer
En*for"cer (?), n. One who enforces.
Enforcible
En*for"ci*ble (?), a. That may be enforced.
Enforcive
En*for"cive (?), a. Serving to enforce or constrain; compulsive.
Marsion. -- En*for"cive*ly, adv.
Enforest
En*for"est (?), v. t. To turn into a forest.
Enform
En*form" (?), v. t. [F. enformer. See Inform.] To form; to fashion.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Enfouldred
En*foul"dred (?), a. [Pref. en- + OF. fouldre, foldre, lightning, F.
foudre, L. fulgur.] Mixed with, or emitting, lightning. [Obs.] "With
foul enfouldred smoke." Spenser.
Enframe
En*frame" (?), v. t. To inclose, as in a frame.
Enfranchise
En*fran"chise (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfranchised (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Enfranchising (?).] [Pref. en- + franchise: cf. F. enfranchir.]
1. To set free; to liberate from slavery, prison, or any binding
power. Bacon.
2. To endow with a franchise; to incorporate into a body politic and
thus to invest with civil and political privileges; to admit to the
privileges of a freeman.
3. To receive as denizens; to naturalize; as, to enfranchise foreign
words. I. Watts.
Enfranchisement
En*fran"chise*ment (?), n.
1. Releasing from slavery or custody. Shak.
2. Admission to the freedom of a corporation or body politic;
investiture with the privileges of free citizens.
Enfranchisement of copyhold (Eng. Law), the conversion of a copyhold
estate into a freehold. Mozley & W.
Enfranchiser
En*fran"chis*er (?), n. One who enfranchises.
Enfree
En*free" (?), v. t. To set free. [Obs.] "The enfreed Antenor." Shak.
Enfreedom
En*free"dom (?), v. t. To set free. [Obs.] Shak.
Enfreeze
En*freeze" (?), v. t. To freeze; to congeal. [Obs.]
Thou hast enfrozened her disdainful breast. Spenser.
Enfroward
En*fro"ward (?), v. t. To make froward, perverse, or ungovernable.
[Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
Engage
En*gage" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engaging (?).] [F. engager; pref. en- (L. in) + gage pledge, pawn. See
Gage.]
1. To put under pledge; to pledge; to place under obligations to do or
forbear doing something, as by a pledge, oath, or promise; to bind by
contract or promise. "I to thee engaged a prince's word." Shak.
2. To gain for service; to bring in as associate or aid; to enlist;
as, to engage friends to aid in a cause; to engage men for service.
3. To gain over; to win and attach; to attract and hold; to draw.
Good nature engages everybody to him. Addison.
4. To employ the attention and efforts of; to occupy; to engross; to
draw on.
Thus shall mankind his guardian care engage. Pope.
Taking upon himself the difficult task of engaging him in
conversation. Hawthorne.
5. To enter into contest with; to encounter; to bring to conflict.
A favorable opportunity of engaging the enemy. Ludlow.
6. (Mach.) To come into gear with; as, the teeth of one cogwheel
engage those of another, or one part of a clutch engages the other
part.
Engage
En*gage", v. i.
1. To promise or pledge one's self; to enter into an obligation; to
become bound; to warrant.
How proper the remedy for the malady, I engage not. Fuller.
2. To embark in a business; to take a part; to employ or involve one's
self; to devote attention and effort; to enlist; as, to engage in
controversy.
3. To enter into conflict; to join battle; as, the armies engaged in a
general battle.
4. (Mach.) To be in gear, as two cogwheels working together.
Engaged
En*gaged" (?), a.
1. Occupied; employed; busy.
2. Pledged; promised; especially, having the affections pledged;
promised in marriage; affianced; betrothed.
3. Greatly interested; of awakened zeal; earnest.
4. Involved; esp., involved in a hostile encounter; as, the engaged
ships continued the fight.
Engaged column. (Arch.) Same as Attached column. See under Attach, v.
t.
Engagedly
En*ga"ged*ly (?), adv. With attachment; with interest; earnestly.
Engagedness
En*ga"ged*ness, n. The state of being deeply interested; earnestness;
zeal.
Engagement
En*gage"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. engagement.]
1. The act of engaging, pledging, enlisting, occupying, or entering
into contest.
2. The state of being engaged, pledged or occupied; specif., a pledge
to take some one as husband or wife.
3. That which engages; engrossing occupation; employment of the
attention; obligation by pledge, promise, or contract; an enterprise
embarked in; as, his engagements prevented his acceptance of any
office.
Religion, which is the chief engagement of our league. Milton.
4. (Mil.) An action; a fight; a battle.
In hot engagement with the Moors. Dryden.
5. (Mach.) The state of being in gear; as, one part of a clutch is
brought into engagement with the other part. Syn. -- Vocation;
business; employment; occupation; promise; stipulation; betrothal;
word; battle; combat; fight; contest; conflict. See Battle.
Engager
En*ga"ger (?), n. One who enters into an engagement or agreement; a
surety.
Several sufficient citizens were engagers. Wood.
Engaging
En*ga"ging (?), a. Tending to draw the attention or affections;
attractive; as, engaging manners or address. -- En*ga"ging*ly, adv. --
En*ga"ging*ness, n. Engaging and disengaging gear OR machinery, that
in which, or by means of which, one part is alternately brought into
gear or out of gear with another part, as occasion may require.
Engallant
En*gal"lant (?), v. t. To make a gallant of. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Engaol
En*gaol" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + gaol: cf. OF. engaoler, engeoler. See
Gaol, and cf. Enjail.] To put in jail; to imprison. [Obs.] Shak.
Engarboil
En*gar"boil (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + garboil.] To throw into disorder;
to disturb. [Obs.] "To engarboil the church." Bp. Montagu.
Engarland
En*gar"land (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + garland: cf. F. enguirlander.] To
encircle with a garland, or with garlands. Sir P. Sidney.
Engarrison
En*gar"ri*son (?), v. t. To garrison; to put in garrison, or to
protect by a garrison. Bp. Hall.
Engastrimuth
En*gas"tri*muth (?), n. [Gr. engastrimythe.] An ventriloquist. [Obs.]
Engender
En*gen"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engendered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engendering.] [F. engender, L. ingenerare; in + generare to beget. See
Generate, and cf. Ingenerate.]
1. To produce by the union of the sexes; to beget. [R.]
2. To cause to exist; to bring forth; to produce; to sow the seeds of;
as, angry words engender strife.
Engendering friendship in all parts of the common wealth. Southey.
Syn. -- To breed; generate; procreate; propagate; occasion; call
forth; cause; excite; develop.
Engender
En*gen"der, v. i.
1. To assume form; to come into existence; to be caused or produced.
Thick clouds are spread, and storms engender there. Dryden.
2. To come together; to meet, as in sexual embrace. "I saw their
mouths engender." Massinger.
Engender
En*gen"der (?), n. One who, or that which, engenders.
Engendrure
En`gen*drure" (?), n. [OF. engendreure.] The act of generation. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Engild
En*gild" (?), v. t. To gild; to make splendent.
Fair Helena, who most engilds the night. Shak.
Engine
En"gine (?), n. [F. engin skill, machine, engine, L. ingenium natural
capacity, invention; in in + the root of gignere to produce. See
Genius, and cf. Ingenious, Gin a snare.]
1. (Pronounced, in this sense, [Obs.]
A man hath sapiences three, Memory, engine, and intellect also.
Chaucer.
2. Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or contrivance; an
agent. Shak.
You see the ways the fisherman doth take To catch the fish; what
engines doth he make? Bunyan.
Their promises, enticements, oaths, tokens, and all these engines
of lust. Shak.
3. Any instrument by which any effect is produced; especially, an
instrument or machine of war or torture. "Terrible engines of death."
Sir W. Raleigh.
4. (Mach.) A compound machine by which any physical power is applied
to produce a given physical effect.
Engine driver, one who manages an engine; specifically, the engineer
of a locomotive. -- Engine lathe. (Mach.) See under Lathe. -- Engine
tool, a machine tool. J. Whitworth. -- Engine turning (Fine Arts), a
method of ornamentation by means of a rose engine.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm en gine is more commonly applied to massive
machines, or to those giving power, or which produce some difficult
result. Engines, as motors, are distinguished according to the
source of power, as steam engine, air engine, electro-magnetic
engine; or the purpose on account of which the power is applied, as
fire engine, pumping engine, locomotive engine; or some peculiarity
of construction or operation, as single-acting or double-acting
engine, high-pressure or low-pressure engine, condensing engine,
etc.
Engine
En"gine, v. t.
1. To assault with an engine. [Obs.]
To engine and batter our walls. T. Adams.
2. To equip with an engine; -- said especially of steam vessels; as,
vessels are often built by one firm and engined by another.
3. (Pronounced, in this sense, [Obs.] Chaucer.
Engineer
En`gi*neer" (?), n. [OE. enginer: cf. OF. engignier, F. ing\'82nieur.
See Engine, n.]
1. A person skilled in the principles and practice of any branch of
engineering. See under Engineering, n.
2. One who manages as engine, particularly a steam engine; an engine
driver.
3. One who carries through an enterprise by skillful or artful
contrivance; an efficient manager. [Colloq.]
Civil engineer, a person skilled in the science of civil engineering.
-- Military engineer, one who executes engineering works of a military
nature. See under Engineering.
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Page 493
Engineer
En`gi*neer" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engineered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engineering.]
1. To lay out or construct, as an engineer; to perform the work of an
engineer on; as, to engineer a road. J. Hamilton.
2. To use contrivance and effort for; to guide the course of; to
manage; as, to engineer a bill through Congress. [Colloq.]
Engineering
En`gi*neer"ing, n. Originally, the art of managing engines; in its
modern and extended sense, the art and science by which the mechanical
properties of matter are made useful to man in structures and
machines; the occupation and work of an engineer.
NOTE: &hand; In a co mprehensive se nse, en gineering in cludes
architecture as a mechanical art, in distinction from architecture
as a fine art. It was formerly divided into military engineering,
which is the art of designing and constructing offensive and
defensive works, and civil engineering, in a broad sense, as
relating to other kinds of public works, machinery, etc. --
Civil engineering, in modern usage, is strictly the art of planning,
laying out, and constructing fixed public works, such as railroads,
highways, canals, aqueducts, water works, bridges, lighthouses, docks,
embankments, breakwaters, dams, tunnels, etc. -- Mechanical
engineering relates to machinery, such as steam engines, machine
tools, mill work, etc. -- Mining engineering deals with the excavation
and working of mines, and the extraction of metals from their ores,
etc. Engineering is further divided into steam engineering, gas
engineering, agricultural engineering, topographical engineering,
electrical engineering, etc.
Engineman
En"gine*man (?), n.; pl. Enginemen (. A man who manages, or waits on,
an engine.
Enginer
En"gin*er (?), n. [See Engineer.] A contriver; an inventor; a
contriver of engines. [Obs.] Shak.
Enginery
En"gine*ry (?), n.
1. The act or art of managing engines, or artillery. Milton.
2. Engines, in general; instruments of war.
Training his devilish enginery. Milton.
3. Any device or contrivance; machinery; structure or arrangement.
Shenstone.
Engine-sized
En"gine-sized` (?), a. Sized by a machine, and not while in the pulp;
-- said of paper. Knight.
Enginous
En"gi*nous (?), a. [OF. engignos. See Ingenious.]
1. Pertaining to an engine. [Obs.]
That one act gives, like an enginous wheel, Motion to all. Decker.
2. Contrived with care; ingenious. [Obs.]
The mark of all enginous drifts. B. Jonson.
Engird
En*gird" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engirded or Engirt (p. pr. & vb. n.
Engirding.] [Pref. en- + gird. Cf. Ingirt.] To gird; to encompass.
Shak.
Engirdle
En*gir"dle (?), v. t. To surround as with a girdle; to girdle.
Engirt
En*girt" (?), v. t. To engird. [R.] Collins.
Engiscope
En"gi*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Opt.) A kind of reflecting
microscope. [Obs.]
Englaimed
En*glaimed" (?), a. [OE. engleimen to smear, gleim birdlime, glue,
phlegm.] Clammy. [Obs.]
Engle
En"gle (?), n. [OE. enghle to coax or cajole. Cf. Angle a hook, one
easily enticed, a gull, Ingle.] A favorite; a paramour; an ingle.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
Engle
En"gle, v. t. To cajole or coax, as favorite. [Obs.]
I 'll presently go and engle some broker. B. Jonson.
English
Eng"lish (?), a. [AS. Englisc, fr. Engle, Angle, Engles, Angles, a
tribe of Germans from the southeast of Sleswick, in Denmark, who
settled in Britain and gave it the name of England. Cf. Anglican.] Of
or pertaining to England, or to its inhabitants, or to the present
so-called Anglo-Saxon race. English bond (Arch.) See 1st Bond, n.,
8. --
English breakfast tea. See Congou. -- English horn. (Mus.) See Corno
Inglese. -- English walnut. (Bot.) See under Walnut.
English
Eng"lish, n.
1. Collectively, the people of England; English people or persons.
2. The language of England or of the English nation, and of their
descendants in America, India, and other countries.
NOTE: &hand; Th e En glish language has been variously divided into
periods by different writers. In the division most commonly
recognized, the first period dates from about 450 to 1150. This is
the period of full inflection, and is called Anglo-Saxon, or, by
many recent writers, Old English. The second period dates from
about 1150 to 1550 (or, if four periods be recognized, from about
1150 to 1350), and is called Early English, Middle English, or more
commonly (as in the usage of this book), Old English. During this
period most of the inflections were dropped, and there was a great
addition of French words to the language. The third period extends
from about 1350 to 1550, and is Middle English. During this period
orthography became comparatively fixed. The last period, from about
1550, is called Modern English.
3. A kind of printing type, in size between Pica and Great Primer. See
Type.
NOTE: The type called English.
4. (Billiards) A twist or spinning motion given to a ball in striking
it that influences the direction it will take after touching a cushion
or another ball.
The King's, OR Queen's, English. See under King.
English
Eng"lish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Englished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Englishing.]
1. To translate into the English language; to Anglicize; hence, to
interpret; to explain.
Those gracious acts . . . may be Englished more properly, acts of
fear and dissimulation. Milton.
Caxton does not care to alter the French forms and words in the
book which he was Englishing. T. L. K. Oliphant.
2. (Billiards) To strike (the cue ball) in such a manner as to give it
in addition to its forward motion a spinning motion, that influences
its direction after impact on another ball or the cushion. [U.S.]
Englishable
Eng"lish*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being translated into, or expressed
in, English.
Englishism
Eng"lish*ism (?), n.
1. A quality or characteristic peculiar to the English. M. Arnold.
2. A form of expression peculiar to the English language as spoken in
England; an Anglicism.
Englishman
Eng"lish*man (-man), n.; pl. Englishmen (-men). A native or a
naturalized inhabitant of England.
Englishry
Eng"lish*ry (?), n.
1. The state or privilege of being an Englishman. [Obs.] Cowell.
2. A body of English or people of English descent; -- commonly applied
to English people in Ireland.
A general massacre of the Englishry. Macaulay.
Englishwoman
Eng"lish*wom`an (?), n.; pl. Englishwomen (. Fem. of Englishman. Shak.
Engloom
En*gloom" (?), v. t. To make gloomy. [R.]
Englue
En*glue" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + glue: cf. F. engluer to smear with
birdlime.] To join or close fast together, as with glue; as, a coffer
well englued. Gower.
Englut
En*glut" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Englutted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Englutting (?).] [Pref. en- + glut: cf. F. engloutir.]
1. To swallow or gulp down. [Obs.] Shak.
2. To glut. [Obs.] "Englutted with vanity." Ascham.
Engore
En*gore" (?), v. t.
1. To gore; to pierce; to lacerate. [Obs.]
Deadly engored of a great wild boar. Spenser.
2. To make bloody. [Obs.] Chapman.
Engorge
En*gorge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engorged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engorging (?).] [Pref. en- + gorge: cf. F. engorger to obstruct,
cram.]
1. To gorge; to glut. Mir. for Mag.
2. To swallow with greediness or in large quantities; to devour.
Spenser.
Engorge
En*gorge", v. i. To feed with eagerness or voracity; to stuff one's
self with food. Beaumont.
Engorged
En*gorged" (?), p. a.
1. Swallowed with greediness, or in large draughts.
2. (Med.) Filled to excess with blood or other liquid; congested.
Engorgement
En*gorge"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. engorgement.]
1. The act of swallowing greedily; a devouring with voracity; a
glutting.
2. (Med.) An overfullness or obstruction of the vessels in some part
of the system; congestion. Hoblyn.
3. (Metal.) The clogging of a blast furnace.
Engouled
En*gouled" (?), a. (Her.) Partly swallowed; disappearing in the jaws
of anything; as, an infant engouled by a serpent; said also of an
ordinary, when its two ends to issue from the mouths of lions, or the
like; as, a bend engouled.
Engoul\'82e
En`gou`l\'82e" (?), a. [F., p. p. of engouler to swallow up; pref. en-
(L. in) + gueule mouth.] (Her.) Same as Engouled.
Engraff
En*graff" (?), v. t. [See Ingraft.] To graft; to fix deeply. [Obs.]
Engraffment
En*graff"ment (?), n. See Ingraftment. [Obs.]
Engraft
En*graft" (?), v. t. See Ingraft. Shak.
Engraftation, Engraftment
En`graf*ta"tion (?), En*graft"ment (?), n. The act of ingrafting;
ingraftment. [R.]
Engrail
En*grail" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engrailing.] [F. engr\'88ler; pref. en- (L. in) + gr\'88le hail. See
Grail gravel.]
1. To variegate or spot, as with hail.
A caldron new engrailed with twenty hues. Chapman.
2. (Her.) To indent with small curves. See Engrailed.
Engrail
En*grail", v. i. To form an edging or border; to run in curved or
indented lines. Parnell.
Engrailed
En*grailed" (?), a. (Her.) Indented with small concave curves, as the
edge of a bordure, bend, or the like.
Engrailment
En*grail"ment (?), n.
1. The ring of dots round the edge of a medal, etc. Brande & C.
2. (Her.) Indentation in curved lines, as of a line of division or the
edge of an ordinary.
Engrain
En*grain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrained (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engraining.] [Pref. en- + grain. Cf. Ingrain.]
1. To dye in grain, or of a fast color. See Ingrain.
Leaves engrained in lusty green. Spenser.
2. To incorporate with the grain or texture of anything; to infuse
deeply. See Ingrain.
The stain hath become engrained by time. Sir W. Scott.
3. To color in imitation of the grain of wood; to grain. See Grain, v.
t., 1.
Engrapple
En*grap"ple (?), v. t. & i. To grapple. [Obs.]
Engrasp
En*grasp" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrasped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engrasping.] To grasp; to grip. [R.] Spenser.
Engrave
En*grave", v. t. [Pref. en- + grave a tomb. Cf. Engrave to carve.] To
deposit in the grave; to bury. [Obs.] "Their corses to engrave."
Spenser.
Engrave
En*grave" (?), v. t. [imp. Engraved (?); p. p. Engraved or Engraven (;
p. pr. & vb. n. Engraving.] [Pref. en- + grave to carve: cf. OF.
engraver.]
1. To cut in; to make by incision. [Obs.]
Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh He did engrave. Spenser.
2. To cut with a graving instrument in order to form an inscription or
pictorial representation; to carve figures; to mark with incisions.
Like . . . . a signet thou engrave the two stones with the names of
the children of Israel. Ex. xxviii. 11.
3. To form or represent by means of incisions upon wood, stone, metal,
or the like; as, to engrave an inscription.
4. To impress deeply; to infix, as if with a graver.
Engrave principles in men's minds. Locke.
Engraved
En*graved" (?), a.
1. Made by engraving or ornamented with engraving.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the surface covered with irregular, impressed
lines.
Engravement
En*grave"ment (?), n.
1. Engraving.
2. Engraved work. [R.] Barrow.
Engraver
En*grav"er (?), n. One who engraves; a person whose business it is to
produce engraved work, especially on metal or wood.
Engravery
En*grav"er*y (?), n. The trade or work of an engraver. [R.] Sir T.
Browne.
Engraving
En*grav"ing, n.
1. The act or art of producing upon hard material incised or raised
patterns, characters, lines, and the like; especially, the art of
producing such lines, etc., in the surface of metal plates or blocks
of wood. Engraving is used for the decoration of the surface itself;
also, for producing an original, from which a pattern or design may be
printed on paper.
2. That which is engraved; an engraved plate.
3. An impression from an engraved plate, block of wood, or other
material; a print.
NOTE: &hand; En graving on wo od is called xylography; on copper,
chalcography; on stone lithography. Engravings or prints take from
wood blocks are usually called wood cuts, those from stone,
lithographs.
Engregge
En*greg"ge (?), v. t. [OF. engregier, from (assumed) LL. ingreviare;
in + (assumed) grevis heavy, for L. gravis. Cf. Aggravate.] To
aggravate; to make worse; to lie heavy on. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Engrieve
En*grieve" (?), v. t. To grieve. [Obs.] Spenser.
Engross
En*gross" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrossed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engrossing.] [F., fr. pref. en- (L. in) + gros gross, grosse, n., an
engrossed document: cf. OF. engrossir, engroissier, to make thick,
large, or gross. See Gross.]
1. To make gross, thick, or large; to thicken; to increase in bulk or
quantity. [Obs.]
Waves . . . engrossed with mud. Spenser.
Not sleeping, to engross his idle body. Shak.
2. To amass. [Obs.]
To engross up glorious deeds on my behalf. Shak.
3. To copy or write in a large hand (en gross, i. e., in large); to
write a fair copy of in distinct and legible characters; as, to
engross a deed or like instrument on parchment.
Some period long past, when clerks engrossed their stiff and formal
chirography on more substantial materials. Hawthorne.
Laws that may be engrossed on a finger nail. De Quincey.
4. To seize in the gross; to take the whole of; to occupy wholly; to
absorb; as, the subject engrossed all his thoughts.
5. To purchase either the whole or large quantities of, for the
purpose of enhancing the price and making a profit; hence, to take or
assume in undue quantity, proportion, or degree; as, to engross
commodities in market; to engross power.
Engrossed bill (Legislation), one which has been plainly engrossed on
parchment, with all its amendments, preparatory to final action on its
passage. -- Engrossing hand (Penmanship), a fair, round style of
writing suitable for engrossing legal documents, legislative bills,
etc. Syn. -- To absorb; swallow up; imbibe; consume; exhaust; occupy;
forestall; monopolize. See Absorb.
Engrosser
En*gross"er (?), n.
1. One who copies a writing in large, fair characters.
2. One who takes the whole; a person who purchases such quantities of
articles in a market as to raise the price; a forestaller. Locke.
Engrossment
En*gross"ment (?), n.
1. The act of engrossing; as, the engrossment of a deed.
Engrossments of power and favor. Swift.
2. That which has been engrossed, as an instrument, legislative bill,
goods, etc.
Enguard
En*guard" (?), v. t. To surround as with a guard. [Obs.] Shak.
Engulf
En*gulf" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engulfed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engulfing.] [Pref. en- + gulf: cf. OF. engolfer. Cf. Ingulf.] To
absorb or swallow up as in a gulf.
It quite engulfs all human thought. Young.
Syn. -- See Absorb.
Engulfment
En*gulf"ment (?), n. A swallowing up as if in a gulf. [R.]
Engyn
En*gyn" (?). Variant of Engine. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Enhalo
En*ha"lo (?), v. t. To surround with a halo.
Enhance
En*hance" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enhanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enhancing (?).] [Norm. F. enhauncer, enhaucer, OF. enhaleier,
enhaucier; pref. en- (L. in) + haucier to lift, raise up, from an
assumed L. altiare, fr. L. altus high; cf. Pr. enansar, enanzar, to
advance, exalt, and E. advance. See Altitude, and cf. Hawser.]
1. To raise or lift up; to exalt. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Who, naught aghast, his mighty hand enhanced. Spenser.
2. To advance; to augment; to increase; to heighten; to make more
costly or attractive; as, to enhance the price of commodities; to
enhance beauty or kindness; hence, also, to render more heinous; to
aggravate; as, to enhance crime.
The reputation of ferocity enhanced the value of their services, in
making them feared as well as hated. Southey.
Enhance
En*hance", v. i. To be raised up; to grow larger; as, a debt enhances
rapidly by compound interest.
Enhancement
En*hance"ment (?), n. The act of increasing, or state of being
increased; augmentation; aggravation; as, the enhancement of value,
price, enjoyments, crime.
Enhancer
En*han"cer (?), n. One who enhances; one who, or that which, raises
the amount, price, etc.
Enharbor
En*har"bor (?), v. t. To find harbor or safety in; to dwell in or
inhabit. W. Browne.
Enharden
En*hard"en (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + harden: cf. F. enhardir to
embolden.] To harden; to embolden. [Obs.] Howell.
Enharmonic, Enharmonical
En`har*mon"ic (?), En`har*mon"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. enharmonique.]
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1. (Anc. Mus.) Of or pertaining to that one of the three kinds of
musical scale (diatonic, chromatic, enharmonic) recognized by the
ancient Greeks, which consisted of quarter tones and major thirds, and
was regarded as the most accurate.
2. (Mus.) (a) Pertaining to a change of notes to the eye, while, as
the same keys are used, the instrument can mark no difference to the
ear, as the substitution of Ab for G#. (b) Pertaining to a scale of
perfect intonation which recognizes all the notes and intervals that
result from the exact tuning of diatonic scales and their
transposition into other keys.
Enharmonically
En`har*mon"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In the enharmonic style or system; in
just intonation.
Enhearten
En*heart"en (?), v. t. To give heart to; to fill with courage; to
embolden.
The enemy exults and is enheartened. I. Taylor.
Enhedge
En*hedge" (?), v. t. To surround as with a hedge. [R.] Vicars.
Enhort
En*hort" (?), v. t. [OF. enhorter, enorter, L. inhortari. Cf. Exhort.]
To encourage. [Obs.] "To enhort the people." Chaucer.
Enhunger
En*hun"ger (?), v. t. To make hungry.
Those animal passions which vice had . . . enhungered to feed on
innocence and life. J. Martineau.
Enhydros
En*hy"dros (?), n. [NL. See Enhydrous.] (Min.) A variety of chalcedony
containing water.
Enhydrous
En*hy"drous (?), a. [Gr. Having water within; containing fluid drops;
-- said of certain crystals.
Enigma
E*nig"ma (?), n.; pl. Enigmas (#). [L. aenigma, Gr.
1. A dark, obscure, or inexplicable saying; a riddle; a statement, the
hidden meaning of which is to be discovered or guessed.
A custom was among the ancients of proposing an enigma at
festivals. Pope.
2. An action, mode of action, or thing, which cannot be satisfactorily
explained; a puzzle; as, his conduct is an enigma.
Enigmatic; 277, Enigmatical
E`nig*mat"ic (?; 277), E`nig*mat"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82nigmatique.] Relating to or resembling an enigma; not easily
explained or accounted for; darkly expressed; obscure; puzzling; as,
an enigmatical answer.
Enigmatically
E`nig*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. Darkly; obscurely.
Enigmatist
E*nig"ma*tist (?), n. [Gr. One who makes, or talks in, enigmas.
Addison.
Enigmatize
E*nig"ma*tize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Enigmatized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Enigmatizing (?).] To make, or talk in, enigmas; to deal in
riddles.
Enigmatography, Enigmatology
E*nig`ma*tog"ra*phy (?), E*nig`ma*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy,
-logy.] The art of making or of solving enigmas.
Enisled
En*isled" (?), p. a. Placed alone or apart, as if on an island;
severed, as an island. [R.] "In the sea of life enisled." M. Arnold.
Enjall
En*jall" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enjailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enjailing.] [Pref. en- + jail. Cf. Engaol.] To put into jail; to
imprison. [R.] Donne.
Enjoin
En*join" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enjoined (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enjoining.] [F. enjoindre, L. injungere to join into, charge, enjoin;
in + jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Injunction.]
1. To lay upon, as an order or command; to give an injunction to; to
direct with authority; to order; to charge.
High matter thou enjoin'st me. Milton.
I am enjoined by oath to observe three things. Shak.
2. (Law) To prohibit or restrain by a judicial order or decree; to put
an injunction on.
This is a suit to enjoin the defendants from disturbing the
plaintiffs. Kent.
NOTE: &hand; En join ha s th e fo rce of pr essing admonition with
authority; as, a parent enjoins on his children the duty of
obedience. But it has also the sense of command; as, the duties
enjoined by God in the moral law. "This word is more authoritative
than direct, and less imperious than command."
Johnson.
Enjoin
En*join", v. t. To join or unite. [Obs.] Hooker.
Enjoiner
En*join"er (?), n. One who enjoins.
Enjoinment
En*join"ment (?), n. Direction; command; authoritative admonition.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Enjoy
En*joy" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enjoyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enjoying.] [OF. enjoier to receive with joy; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. &
F. joie joy: cf. OF. enjoir to enjoy. See Joy.]
1. To take pleasure or satisfaction in the possession or experience
of; to feel or perceive with pleasure; to be delighted with; as, to
enjoy the dainties of a feast; to enjoy conversation.
2. To have, possess, and use with satisfaction; to occupy or have the
benefit of, as a good or profitable thing, or as something desirable;
as, to enjoy a free constitution and religious liberty.
That the children of Israel may enjoy every man the inheritance of
his fathers. Num. xxxvi. 8.
To enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season. Heb. xi. 25.
3. To have sexual intercourse with. Milton.
To enjoy one's self, to feel pleasure; to be happy.
Enjoy
En*joy", v. i. To take satisfaction; to live in happiness. [R.]
Milton.
Enjoyable
En*joy"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being enjoyed or of giving joy;
yielding enjoyment. Milton.
Enjoyer
En*joy"er (?), n. One who enjoys.
Enjoyment
En*joy"ment (?), n.
1. The condition of enjoying anything; pleasure or satisfaction, as in
the possession or occupancy of anything; possession and use; as, the
enjoyment of an estate.
2. That which gives pleasure or keen satisfaction.
The hope of everlasting enjoyments. Glanvill.
Syn. -- Pleasure; satisfaction; gratification; fruition; happiness;
felicity; delight.
Enkennel
En*ken"nel (?), v. t. To put into a kennel.
Enkerchiefed
En*ker"chiefed (?), a. Bound with a kerchief; draped; hooded; covered.
Milton.
That soft, enkerchiefed hair. M. Arnold.
Enkindle
En*kin"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enkindled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enkindling (?).]
1. To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle. Shak.
2. To excite; to rouse into action; to incite.
To enkindle the enthusiasm of an artist. Talfourd.
Enlace
En*lace" (?), v. t. To bind or encircle with lace, or as with lace; to
lace; to encircle; to enfold; hence, to entangle.
Ropes of pearl her neck and breast enlace. P. Fletcher.
Enlacement
En*lace"ment (?), n. The act of enlacing, or state of being enlaced; a
surrounding as with a lace.
Enlard
En*lard" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + lard: cf. OF. enlarder to put on the
spit, Pr. & Sp. enlardar to rub with grease, baste.] To cover or dress
with lard or grease; to fatten. Shak.
Enlarge
En*large" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enlarged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enlarging (?).] [OF. enlargier; pref. en- (L. in) + F. large wide. See
Large.]
1. To make larger; to increase in quantity or dimensions; to extend in
limits; to magnify; as, the body is enlarged by nutrition; to enlarge
one's house.
To enlarge their possessions of land. Locke.
2. To increase the capacity of; to expand; to give free scope or
greater scope to; also, to dilate, as with joy, affection, and the
like; as, knowledge enlarges the mind.
O ye Corinthians, our . . . heart is enlarged. 2 Cor. vi. 11.
3. To set at large or set free. [Archaic]
It will enlarge us from all restraints. Barrow.
Enlarging hammer, a hammer with a slightly rounded face of large
diameter; -- used by gold beaters. Knight. -- To enlarge an order OR
rule (Law), to extend the time for complying with it. Abbott. -- To
enlarge one's self, to give free vent to speech; to spread out
discourse. "They enlarged themselves on this subject." Clarendon. --
To enlarge the heart, to make free, liberal, and charitable. Syn. --
To increase; extend; expand; spread; amplify; augment; magnify. See
Increase.
Enlarge
En*large", v. i.
1. To grow large or larger; to be further extended; to expand; as, a
plant enlarges by growth; an estate enlarges by good management; a
volume of air enlarges by rarefaction.
2. To speak or write at length; to be diffuse in speaking or writing;
to expatiate; to dilate.
To enlarge upon this theme. M. Arnold.
3. (Naut.) To get more astern or parallel with the vessel's course; to
draw aft; -- said of the wind.
Enlarged
En*larged" (?), a. Made large or larger; extended; swollen. --
En*lar"ged*ly (#), adv. -- En*lar"ged*ness, n.
Enlargement
En*large"ment (?), n.
1. The act of increasing in size or bulk, real or apparent; the state
of being increased; augmentation; further extension; expansion.
2. Expansion or extension, as of the powers of the mind; ennoblement,
as of the feelings and character; as, an enlargement of views, of
knowledge, of affection.
3. A setting at large, or being set at large; release from
confinement, servitude, or distress; liberty.
Give enlargement to the swain. Shak.
4. Diffusiveness of speech or writing; expatiation; a wide range of
discourse or argument.
An enlargement upon the vices and corruptions that were got into
the army. Clarendon.
Enlarger
En*lar"ger (?), n. One that enlarges.
Enlay
En*lay" (?), v. t. See Inlay.
Enlengthen
En*length"en (?), v. t. To lengthen. [Obs.]
Enleven
En*lev"en (?), n. Eleven. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Enlight
En*light" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + light. Cf. Enlighten.] To illumine;
to enlighten. [R.]
Which from the first has shone on ages past, Enlights the present,
and shall warm the last. Pope.
Enlighten
En*light"en (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + lighten: cf. AS. inl\'c6htan. Cf.
Enlight.]
1. To supply with light; to illuminate; as, the sun enlightens the
earth.
His lightnings enlightened the world. Ps. xcvii. 4.
2. To make clear to the intellect or conscience; to shed the light of
truth and knowledge upon; to furnish with increase of knowledge; to
instruct; as, to enlighten the mind or understanding.
The conscience enlightened by the Word and Spirit of God. Trench.
Enlightener
En*light"en*er (?), n. One who enlightens or illuminates; one who, or
that which, communicates light to the eye, or clear views to the mind.
Enlightenment
En*light"en*ment (?), n. Act of enlightening, or the state of being
enlightened or instructed.
Enlimn
En*limn" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + limn. Cf. Enlumine, Illuminate.] To
adorn by illuminating or ornamenting with colored and decorated
letters and figures, as a book or manuscript. [R.] Palsgrave.
Enlink
En*link" (?), v. t. To chain together; to connect, as by links. Shak.
Enlist
En*list" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enlisted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Enlisting.]
1. To enter on a list; to enroll; to register.
2. To engage for military or naval service, the name being entered on
a list or register; as, to enlist men.
3. To secure the support and aid of; to employ in advancing interest;
as, to enlist persons in the cause of truth, or in a charitable
enterprise.
Enlist
En*list", v. i.
1. To enroll and bind one's self for military or naval service; as, he
enlisted in the regular army; the men enlisted for the war.
2. To enter heartily into a cause, as if enrolled.
Enlistment
En*list"ment (?), n.
1. The act or enlisting, or the state of being enlisted; voluntary
enrollment to serve as a soldier or a sailor.
2. The writing by which an enlisted man is bound.
Enlive
En*live" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + live, a.] To enliven. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
Enliven
En*liv"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enlivened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enlivening (?).] [Pref. en- + liven.].
1. To give life, action, or motion to; to make vigorous or active; to
excite; to quicken; as, fresh fuel enlivens a fire.
Lo! of themselves th' enlivened chessmen move. Cowley.
2. To give spirit or vivacity to; to make sprightly, gay, or cheerful;
to animate; as, mirth and good humor enliven a company; enlivening
strains of music. Syn. -- To animate; rouse; inspire; cheer;
encourage; comfort; exhilarate; inspirit; invigorate.
Enlivener
En*liv"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, enlivens, animates, or
invigorates.
Enlock
En*lock" (?), v. t. To lock; to inclose.
Enlumine
En*lu"mine (?), v. t. [F. enluminer; pref. en- (L. in) + L. luminare
to light up, illumine. See Illuminate, and cf. Limn.] To illumine.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Enlute
En*lute" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + L. lutum mud, clay.] To coat with
clay; to lute. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Enmanch\'82
En`man`ch\'82" (?), a. [F.; pref. en- (L. in) + manche sleeve.] (Her.)
Resembling, or covered with, a sleeve; -- said of the chief when lines
are drawn from the middle point of the upper edge upper edge to the
sides.
Enmarble
En*mar"ble (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + marble.] To make hard as marble; to
harden. [Obs.] Spenser.
Enmesh
En*mesh" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + mesh. Cf. Inmesh.] To catch or
entangle in, or as in, meshes. Shak.
My doubts enmesh me if I try. Lowell.
Enmew
En*mew" (?), v. t. See Emmew.
Enmist
En*mist" (?), v. t. To infold, as in a mist.
Enmity
En"mi*ty (?), n.; pl. Enmities (#). [OE. enemyte, fr. enemy: cf. F.
inimiti\'82, OF. enemisti\'82. See Enemy, and cf. Amity.]
1. The quality of being an enemy; hostile or unfriendly disposition.
No ground of enmity between us known. Milton.
2. A state of opposition; hostility.
The friendship of the world is enmity with God. James iv. 4.
Syn. -- Rancor; hostility; hatred; aversion; antipathy; repugnance;
animosity; ill will; malice; malevolence. See Animosity, Rancor.
Enmossed
En*mossed" (?; 115), a. [Pref. en- + moss.] Covered with moss; mossed.
Keats.
Enmove
En*move" (?), v. t. See Emmove. [Obs.]
Enmuffle
En*muf"fle (?), v. t. To muffle up.
Enmure
En*mure" (?), v. t. To immure. [Obs.]
Ennation
En*na"tion (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The ninth segment in insects.
Ennead
En"ne*ad (?), n. [Gr. The number nine or a group of nine. The Enneads,
the title given to the works of the philosopher Plotinus, published by
his pupil Porphyry; -- so called because each of the six books into
which it is divided contains nine chapters.
Enneagon
En"ne*a*gon (?; 277), n. [Gr. enn\'82agone.] (Geom.) A polygon or
plane figure with nine sides and nine angles; a nonagon.
Enneagonal
En`ne*ag"o*nal (?), a. (Geom.) Belonging to an enneagon; having nine
angles.
Enneagynous
En`ne*ag"y*nous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having or producing nine pistils
or styles; -- said of a flower or plant.
Enheahedral
En`he*a*he"dral (?), a. [Gr. (Geom.) Having nine sides.
Enheahedria, Enheahedron
En`he*a*he"dri*a (?), En`he*a*he"dron (?), n. (Geom.) A figure having
nine sides; a nonagon.
Enneandria
En`ne*an"dri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. enn\'82andrie.] (Bot.) A
Linn\'91an class of plants having nine stamens.
Enneandrian, Enneandrous
En`ne*an"dri*an (?), En`ne*an"drous (?), a. (Bot.) Having nine
stamens.
Enneapetalous
En`ne*a*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Gr. petalous: cf. F. enn\'82ap\'82tale.]
(Bot.) Having nine petals, or flower leaves.
Enneaspermous
En`ne*a*sper"mous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having nine seeds; -- said of
fruits.
Enneatic, Enneatical
En`ne*at"ic (?), En`ne*at"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Occurring once in every
nine times, days, years, etc.; every ninth. Enneatical day, every
ninth day of a disease. -- Enneatical year, every ninth year of a
man's life.
Ennew
En*new" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + new. Cf. Innovate.] To make new.
[Obs.] Skelton.
Enniche
En*niche" (?), v. t. To place in a niche. Sterne.
Ennoble
En*no"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ennobled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ennobling (?).] [Pref. en- + noble: cf. F. ennoblir.]
1. To make noble; to elevate in degree, qualities, or excellence; to
dignify. "Ennobling all that he touches." Trench.
What can ennoble sots, or slaves, or cowards? Alas! not all the
blood of all the Howards. Pope.
2. To raise to the rank of nobility; as, to ennoble a commoner. Syn.
-- To raise; dignify; exalt; elevate; aggrandize.
Ennoblement
En*no"ble*ment, n.
1. The act of making noble, or of exalting, dignifying, or advancing
to nobility. Bacon.
2. That which ennobles; excellence; dignity.
Ennobler
En*no"bler (?), n. One who ennobles.
Ennui
En`nui" (?), n. [F., fr. L. in odio in hatred. See Annoy.] A feeling
of weariness and disgust; dullness and languor of spirits, arising
from satiety or want of interest; tedium. T. Gray.
Ennuy\'82
En`nuy`\'82" (?), a. [F., p. p. of ennuyer. See Ennui.] Affected with
ennui; weary in spirits; emotionally exhausted.
Ennuy\'82
En`nuy`\'82", n. [F.] One who is affected with ennui.
Ennuy\'82e
En`nuy`\'82e" (?), n. [F.] A woman affected with ennui. Mrs. Jameson.
Enodal
E*nod"al (?), a. (Bot.) Without a node. Gray.
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Enodation
En`o*da"tion (?), n. [L. enodatio explanation, fr. enodare to free
from knots. See Enode.] The act or operation of clearing of knots, or
of untying; hence, also, the solution of a difficulty. [R.] Bailey.
Enode
E*node" (?), v. t. [L. enodare; e out + nodare to fill with knots,
nodus a knot.] To clear of knots; to make clear. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Enoint
E*noint" (?), a. Anointed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Enomotarch
E*nom"o*tarch (?), n. [Gr. Enomoty.] (Gr. Antiq.) The commander of an
enomoty. Mitford.
Enomoty
E*nom"o*ty (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A band of sworn soldiers; a
division of the Spartan army ranging from twenty-five to thirty-six
men, bound together by oath.
Enopla
En"o*pla (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the orders of
Nemertina, characterized by the presence of a peculiar armature of
spines or plates in the proboscis.
Enoptomancy
En*op"to*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by the use of a
mirror.
Enorm
E*norm" (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82norme. See Enormous.] Enormous. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Enormity
E*nor"mi*ty (?), n.; pl. Enormities (#). [L. enormitas, fr. enormis
enormous: cf. F. \'82normit\'82. See Enormous.]
1. The state or quality of exceeding a measure or rule, or of being
immoderate, monstrous, or outrageous.
The enormity of his learned acquisitions. De Quincey.
2. That which is enormous; especially, an exceeding offense against
order, right, or decency; an atrocious crime; flagitious villainy; an
atrocity.
These clamorous enormities which are grown too big and strong for
law or shame. South.
Enormous
E*nor"mous (?), a. [L. enormis enormous, out of rule; e out + norma
rule: cf. F. \'82norme. See Normal.]
1. Exceeding the usual rule, norm, or measure; out of due proportion;
inordinate; abnormal. "Enormous bliss." Milton. "This enormous state."
Shak. "The hoop's enormous size." Jenyns.
Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait. Milton.
2. Exceedingly wicked; outrageous; atrocious; monstrous; as, an
enormous crime.
That detestable profession of a life so enormous. Bale.
Syn. -- Huge; vast; immoderate; immense; excessive; prodigious;
monstrous. -- Enormous, Immense, Excessive. We speak of a thing as
enormous when it overpasses its ordinary law of existence or far
exceeds its proper average or standard, and becomes -- so to speak --
abnormal in its magnitude, degree, etc.; as, a man of enormous
strength; a deed of enormous wickedness. Immense expresses somewhat
indefinitely an immeasurable quantity or extent. Excessive is applied
to what is beyond a just measure or amount, and is always used in an
evil; as, enormous size; an enormous crime; an immense expenditure;
the expanse of ocean is immense. "Excessive levity and indulgence are
ultimately excessive rigor." V. Knox. "Complaisance becomes servitude
when it is excessive." La Rochefoucauld (Trans).
Enormously
E*nor"mous*ly, adv. In an enormous degree.
Enormousness
E*nor"mous*ness, n. The state of being enormous.
Enorthotrope
En*or"tho*trope (?), n. [Gr. An optical toy; a card on which confused
or imperfect figures are drawn, but which form to the eye regular
figures when the card is rapidly revolved. See Thaumatrope.
Enough
E*nough" (?), a. [OE. inoh, inow, enogh, AS. gen, gen, a. & adv. (akin
to OS. gin, D. genoeg, OHG. ginoug, G. genug, Icel. gn, Sw. nog, Dan.
nok, Goth. gan), fr. geneah it suffices (akin to Goth. ganah); pref.
ge- + a root akin to L. nancisci to get, Skr. na, Gr. Satisfying
desire; giving content; adequate to meet the want; sufficient; --
usually, and more elegantly, following the noun to which it belongs.
How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to
spare! Luke xv. 17.
Enough
E*nough", adv.
1. In a degree or quantity that satisfies; to satisfaction;
sufficiently.
2. Fully; quite; -- used to express slight augmentation of the
positive degree, and sometimes equivalent to very; as, he is ready
enough to embrace the offer.
I know you well enough; you are Signior Antonio. Shak.
Thou knowest well enough . . . that this is no time to lend money.
Shak.
3. In a tolerable degree; -- used to express mere acceptableness or
acquiescence, and implying a degree or quantity rather less than is
desired; as, the song was well enough.
NOTE: &hand; Enough usually follows the word it modifies.
Enough
E*nough", n. A sufficiency; a quantity which satisfies desire, is
adequate to the want, or is equal to the power or ability; as, he had
enough to do take care of himself. "Enough is as good as a feast."
And Esau said, I have enough, my brother. Gen. xxxiii. 9.
Enough
E*nough", interj. An exclamation denoting sufficiency, being a
shortened form of it is enough.
Enounce
E*nounce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enounced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enouncing (?).] [F. \'82noncer, L. enuntiare; e out + nuntiare to
announce, fr. nuntius messenger. See Nuncio, and cf. Enunciate.]
1. To announce; to declare; to state, as a proposition or argument.
Sir W. Hamilton.
2. To utter; to articulate.
The student should be able to enounce these [sounds] independently.
A. M. Bell.
Enouncement
E*nounce"ment (?), n. Act of enouncing; that which is enounced.
Enow
E*now" (?). A form of Enough. [Archaic] Shak.
Enpatron
En*pa"tron (?), v. t. To act the part of a patron towards; to
patronize. [Obs.] Shak.
Enpierce
En*pierce" (?), v. t. [See Empierce.] To pierce. [Obs.] Shak.
Enquere
En*quere" (?), v. i. To inquire. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Enquicken
En*quick"en (?), v. t. To quicken; to make alive. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Enquire
En*quire" (?), v. i. & t. See Inquire.
Enquirer
En*quir"er (?), n. See Inquirer.
Enquiry
En*quir"y (?), n. See Inquiry.
Enrace
En*race" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + race lineage.] To enroot; to implant.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Enrage
En*rage" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enraged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enraging (?).] [F. enrager to be enraged; pref. en- (L. in) + rage
rage. See Rage.] To fill with rage; to provoke to frenzy or madness;
to make furious. Syn. -- To irritate; incense; inflame; exasperate;
provoke; anger; madden; infuriate.
Enragement
En*rage"ment (?), n. Act of enraging or state of being enraged;
excitement. [Obs.]
Enrange
En*range" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + range. Cf. Enrank, Arrange.]
1. To range in order; to put in rank; to arrange. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To rove over; to range. [Obs.] Spenser.
Enrank
En*rank" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + rank.] To place in ranks or in order.
[R.] Shak.
Enrapt
En*rapt" (?), p. a. [Pref. en- + rapt. Cf. Enravish.] Thrown into
ecstasy; transported; enraptured. Shak.
Enrapture
En*rap"ture (?; 135), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enraptured (?; 135); p. pr.
& vb. n. Enrapturing.] To transport with pleasure; to delight beyond
measure; to enravish. Shenstone.
Enravish
En*rav"ish (?), v. t. To transport with delight; to enrapture; to
fascinate. Spenser.
Enravishingly
En*rav"ish*ing*ly, adv. So as to throw into ecstasy.
Enravishment
En*rav"ish*ment (?), n. The state of being enravished or enraptured;
ecstasy; rapture. Glanvill.
Enregister
En*reg"is*ter (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + register: cf. F. enregistrer.
Cf. Inregister.] To register; to enroll or record; to inregister.
To read enregistered in every nook His goodness, which His beauty
doth declare. Spenser.
Enrheum
En*rheum" (?), v. i. [Pref. en- + rheum: cf. F. s'enrhumer.] To
contract a rheum. [Obs.] Harvey.
Enrich
En*rich" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enriched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enriching.] [F. enrichir; pref. en- (L. in) + riche rich. See Rich.]
1. To make rich with any kind of wealth; to render opulent; to
increase the possessions of; as, to enrich the understanding with
knowledge.
Seeing, Lord, your great mercy Us hath enriched so openly.
Chaucer's Dream.
2. To supply with ornament; to adorn; as, to enrich a ceiling by
frescoes.
3. To make rich with manure; to fertilize; -- said of the soil; as, to
enrich land by irrigation.
4. To supply with knowledge; to instruct; to store; -- said of the
mind. Sir W. Raleigh.
Enricher
En*rich"er (?), n. One who enriches.
Enrichment
En*rich"ment (?), n. The act of making rich, or that which enriches;
increase of value by improvements, embellishment, etc.; decoration;
embellishment.
Enridge
En*ridge" (?), v. t. To form into ridges. Shak.
Enring
En*ring" (?), v. t. To encircle. [R.]
The Muses and the Graces, grouped in threes, Enringed a billowing
fountain in the midst. Tennyson.
Enripen
En*rip"en (?), v. t. To ripen. [Obs.] Donne.
Enrive
En*rive" (?), v. t. To rive; to cleave. [Obs.]
Enrobe
En*robe" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + robe: cf. OF. enrober.] To invest or
adorn with a robe; to attire.
Enrockment
En*rock"ment (?), n. [Pref. en- + rock.] A mass of large stones thrown
into water at random to form bases of piers, breakwaters, etc.
Enroll
En*roll" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enrolled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enrolling.] [Pref. en- + roll: cf. F. enr\'93ler; pref. en- (L. in) +
r\'93le roll or register. See Roll, n.] [Written also enrol.]
1. To insert in a roil; to register or enter in a list or catalogue or
on rolls of court; hence, to record; to insert in records; to leave in
writing; as, to enroll men for service; to enroll a decree or a law;
also, reflexively, to enlist.
An unwritten law of common right, so engraven in the hearts of our
ancestors, and by them so constantly enjoyed and claimed, as that
it needed not enrolling. Milton.
All the citizen capable of bearing arms enrolled themselves.
Prescott.
2. To envelop; to inwrap; to involve. [Obs.] Spenser.
Enroller
En*roll"er (?), n. One who enrolls or registers.
Enrollment
En*roll"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. enr\'93lement.] [Written also enrolment.]
1. The act of enrolling; registration. Holland.
2. A writing in which anything is enrolled; a register; a record. Sir
J. Davies.
Enroot
En*root" (?), v. t. To fix by the root; to fix fast; to implant deep.
Shak.
Enround
En*round" (?), v. t. To surround. [Obs.] Shak.
En route
En` route" (?). [F.] On the way or road.
Ens
Ens (?), n. [L., ens, entis, a thing. See Entity.]
1. (Metaph.) Entity, being, or existence; an actually existing being;
also, God, as the Being of Beings.
2. (Chem.) Something supposed to condense within itself all the
virtues and qualities of a substance from which it is extracted;
essence. [Obs.]
Ensaf
En*saf (?), v. t. To make safe. [Obs.] Hall.
Ensample
En*sam"ple (?), n. [OF. ensample, essample, F. exemple. See Example.]
An example; a pattern or model for imitation. [Obs.] Tyndale.
Being ensamples to the flock.
Ensample
En*sam"ple (?), v. t. To exemplify, to show by example. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ensanguine
En*san"guine (?), v. t. To stain or cover with blood; to make bloody,
or of a blood-red color; as, an ensanguined hue. "The ensanguined
field." Milton.
Ensate
En"sate (?), a. [NL. ensatus, fr. L. ensis sword.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.)
Having sword-shaped leaves, or appendages; ensiform.
Enscale
En*scale" (?), v. t. To cover with scales.
Enshedule
En*shed"ule (?; 135), v. t. To insert in a schedule. See Schedule.
[R.] Shak.
Ensconce
En*sconce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ensconced (?); imp. & p. p.
Ensconcing (?).] To cover or shelter, as with a sconce or fort; to
place or hide securely; to conceal.
She shall not see me: I will ensconce me behind the arras. Shak.
Enseal
En*seal" (?), v. t. To impress with a seal; to mark as with a seal;
hence, to ratify. [Obs.]
This deed I do enseal. Piers Plowman.
Enseam
En*seam" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + seam suture. Cf. Inseam.] To sew up;
to inclose by a seam; hence, to include; to contain. Camden.
Enseam
En*seam", v. t. [Pref. en- + seam grease.] To cover with grease; to
defile; to pollute. [Obs.]
In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed. Shak.
Ensear
En*sear" (?), v. t. To sear; to dry up. [Obs.]
Ensear thy fertile and conceptious womb. Shak.
Ensearch
En*search" (?), v. i. [OF. encerchier. See Search.] To make search; to
try to find something. [Obs.] -- v. t. To search for. [Obs.] Sir T.
Elyot.
Enseel
En*seel" (?), v. t. To close eyes of; to seel; -- said in reference to
a hawk. [Obs.]
Enseint
En*seint" (?), a. (Law) With child; pregnant. See Enceinte. [Obs.]
Ensemble
En`sem"ble (?), n. [F.] The whole; all the parts taken together.
Ensemble
En`sem"ble, adv. [F.] All at once; together.
Enshelter
En*shel"ter (?), v. t. To shelter. [Obs.]
Enshield
En*shield" (?), v. t. To defend, as with a shield; to shield.
[Archaic] Shak.
Enshield
En*shield", a. Shielded; enshielded. [Obs.] Shak.
Enshrine
En*shrine" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enshrined (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enshrining.] To inclose in a shrine or chest; hence, to preserve or
cherish as something sacred; as, to enshrine something in memory.
We will enshrine it as holy relic. Massinger.
Enshroud
En*shroud" (?), v. t. To cover with, or as with, a shroud; to shroud.
Churchill.
Ensiferous
En*sif"er*ous (?), a. [L. ensifer; ensis sword + ferre to bear: cf. F.
ensif\'8are.] Bearing a sword.
Ensiform
En"si*form (?), a. [L. ensis sword + -form: cf. F. ensiforme.] Having
the form of a sword blade; sword-shaped; as, an ensiform leaf.
Ensiform cartilage, AND Ensiform process. (Anat.) See Xiphisternum.
Ensign
En"sign (?), n. [L. enseigne, L. insignia, pl. of insigne a
distinctive mark, badge, flag; in + signum mark, sign. See Sign, and
cf. Insignia, 3d Ancient.]
1. A flag; a banner; a standard; esp., the national flag, or a banner
indicating nationality, carried by a ship or a body of soldiers; -- as
distinguished from flags indicating divisions of the army, rank of
naval officers, or private signals, and the like.
Hang up your ensigns, let your drums be still. Shak.
2. A signal displayed like a standard, to give notice.
He will lift an ensign to the nations from far. Is. v. 26.
3. Sign; badge of office, rank, or power; symbol.
The ensigns of our power about we bear. Waller.
4. (a) Formerly, a commissioned officer of the army who carried the
ensign or flag of a company or regiment. (b) A commissioned officer of
the lowest grade in the navy, corresponding to the grade of second
lieutenant in the army. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
NOTE: &hand; In th e British army the rank of ensign was abolished
in 1871. In the United States army the rank is not recognized; the
regimental flags being carried by a sergeant called the color
sergeant.
Ensign bearer, one who carries a flag; an ensign.
Ensign
En"sign, v. t.
1. To designate as by an ensign. [Obs.]
Henry but joined the roses that ensigned Particular families. B.
Jonson.
2. To distinguish by a mark or ornament; esp. (Her.), by a crown;
thus, any charge which has a crown immediately above or upon it, is
said to be ensigned.
Ensigncy
En"sign*cy (?; 277), n.; pl. Ensigncies (. The rank or office of an
ensign.
Ensignship
En"sign*ship, n. The state or rank of an ensign.
Ensilage
En"si*lage (?), n. [F.; pref. en- (L. in) + silo. See Silo.]
1. The process of preserving fodder (such as cornstalks, rye, oats,
millet, etc.) by compressing it while green and fresh in a pit or vat
called a silo, where it is kept covered from the air; as the ensilage
of fodder.
2. The fodder preserved in a silo.
Ensilage
En"si*lage (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ensilaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ensilaging (?).] To preserve in a silo; as, to ensilage cornstalks.
Ensky
En*sky" (?), v. t. To place in the sky or in heaven. [R.] "A thing
enskied and sainted." Shak.
Enslave
En*slave" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enslaved (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enslaving.] To reduce to slavery; to make a slave of; to subject to a
dominant influence.
The conquer'd, also, and enslaved by war, Shall, with their freedom
lost, all virtue lose. Milton.
Pleasure admitted in undue degree Enslaves the will. Cowper.
Enslavedness
En*slav"ed*ness (?), n. State of being enslaved.
Enslavement
En*slave"ment (?), n. The act of reducing to slavery; state of being
enslaved; bondage; servitude.
A fresh enslavement to their enemies. South.
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Enslaver
En*slav"er (?), n. One who enslaves. Swift.
Ensnare
En*snare" (?), v. t. To catch in a snare. See Insnare.
Ensnarl
En*snarl" (?), v. t. To entangle. [Obs.] Spenser.
Ensober
En*so"ber (?), v. t. To make sober. [Obs.]
Sad accidents to ensober his spirits. Jer. Taylor.
Ensoul
En*soul" (?), v. t. To indue or imbue (a body) with soul. [R.]
Emerson.
Ensphere
En*sphere" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + sphere. Cf. Insphere.]
1. To place in a sphere; to envelop.
His ample shoulders in a cloud ensphered. Chapman.
2. To form into a sphere.
Enstamp
En*stamp" (?), v. t. To stamp; to mark as
It is the motive . . . which enstamps the character. Gogan.
Enstate
En*state" (?), v. t. See Instate.
Enstatite
En"sta*tite (?), n. [Named fr. Gr. (Min.) A mineral of the pyroxene
group, orthorhombic in crystallization; often fibrous and massive;
color grayish white or greenish. It is a silicate of magnesia with
some iron. Bronzite is a ferriferous variety.
Enstatitic
En`sta*tit"ic (?), a. Relating to enstatite.
Enstore
En*store" (?), v. t. [See Instaurate.] To restore. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Enstyle
En*style" (?), v. t. To style; to name. [Obs.]
Ensuable
En*su"a*ble (?), a. Ensuing; following.
Ensue
En*sue" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ensued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ensuing.]
[OF. ensevre, OF. & F. ensuivre, fr. L. insequi; in + sequi to pursue.
See Sue.] To follow; to pursue; to follow and overtake. [Obs.] "Seek
peace, and ensue it." 1 Pet. iii. 11.
To ensue his example in doing the like mischief. Golding.
Ensue
En*sue", v. i. To follow or come afterward; to follow as a consequence
or in chronological succession; to result; as, an ensuing conclusion
or effect; the year ensuing was a cold one.
So spoke the Dame, but no applause ensued. Pope.
Damage to the mind or the body, or to both, ensues, unless the
exciting cause be presently removed. I. Taylor.
Syn. -- To follow; pursue; succeed. See Follow.
Ensure
En*sure" (?), v. t.
1. To make sure. See Insure.
2. To betroth. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
Ensurer
En*sur"er (?), n. See Insurer.
Enswathe
En*swathe" (?), v. t. To swathe; to envelop, as in swaddling clothes.
Shak.
Enswathement
En*swathe"ment (?), n. The act of enswathing, or the state of being
enswathed.
Ensweep
En*sweep" (?), v. t. To sweep over or across; to pass over rapidly.
[R.] Thomson.
Ent-
Ent- (?). A prefix signifying within. See Ento-.
-ent
-ent (?). [F. -ent, L. -ens, -entis.] An adjective suffix signifying
action or being; as, corrodent, excellent, emergent, continent,
quiescent. See -ant.
Entablature
En*tab"la*ture (?; 135), n. [OF. entablature: cf. It intavolatura, fr.
LL. intabulare to construct a basis; L. in + tabulatum board work,
flooring, fr. tabula. See Table.] (Arch.) The superstructure which
lies horizontally upon the columns. See Illust. of Column, Cornice.
NOTE: &hand; It is co mmonly di vided in to ar chitrave, the part
immediately above the column; frieze, the central space; and
cornice, the upper projecting moldings.
Parker.
Entablement
En*tab"le*ment (?), n. [F. entablement, LL. intabulamentum.] See
Entablature. [R.] Evelyn.
Entackle
En*tac"kle (?), v. t. To supply with tackle. [Obs.] Skelton.
Entad
En"tad (?), adv. [Ent- + L. ad towards.] (Anat.) Toward the inside or
central part; away from the surface; -- opposed to ectad. B. G.
Wilder.
Entail
En*tail" (?), n. [OE. entaile carving, OF. entaille, F., an incision,
fr. entailler to cut away; pref. en- (L. in) + tailler to cut; LL.
feudum talliatum a fee entailed, i. e., curtailed or limited. See Tail
limitation, Tailor.]
1. That which is entailed. Hence: (Law) (a) An estate in fee entailed,
or limited in descent to a particular class of issue. (b) The rule by
which the descent is fixed.
A power of breaking the ancient entails, and of alienating their
estates. Hume.
2. Delicately carved ornamental work; intaglio. [Obs.] "A work of rich
entail." Spenser.
Entail
En*tail", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Entailing.]
[OE. entailen to carve, OF. entailler. See Entail, n.]
1. To settle or fix inalienably on a person or thing, or on a person
and his descendants or a certain line of descendants; -- said
especially of an estate; to bestow as an heritage.
Allowing them to entail their estates. Hume.
I here entail The crown to thee and to thine heirs forever. Shak.
2. To appoint hereditary possessor. [Obs.]
To entail him and his heirs unto the crown. Shak.
3. To cut or carve in a ornamental way. [Obs.]
Entailed with curious antics. Spenser.
Entailment
En*tail"ment, n.
1. The act of entailing or of giving, as an estate, and directing the
mode of descent.
2. The condition of being entailed.
3. A thing entailed.
Brutality as an hereditary entailment becomes an ever weakening
force. R. L. Dugdale.
Ental
En"tal (?), a. [See Ent-.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or situated near,
central or deep parts; inner; -- opposed to ectal. B. G. Wilder.
Entame
En*tame" (?), v. t. To tame. [Obs.] Shak.
Entangle
En*tan"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entangled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entangling (?).]
1. To twist or interweave in such a manner as not to be easily
separated; to make tangled, confused, and intricate; as, to entangle
yarn or the hair.
2. To involve in such complications as to render extrication a
bewildering difficulty; hence, metaphorically, to insnare; to perplex;
to bewilder; to puzzle; as, to entangle the feet in a net, or in
briers. "Entangling alliances." Washington.
The difficulties that perplex men's thoughts and entangle their
understandings. Locke.
Allowing her to entangle herself with a person whose future was so
uncertain. Froude.
Entanglement
En*tan"gle*ment (?), n. State of being entangled; intricate and
confused involution; that which entangles; intricacy; perplexity.
Entangler
En*tan"gler (?), n. One that entangles.
Entasia
En*ta"si*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Entasis.] (Med.) Tonic spasm; --
applied generically to denote any disease characterized by tonic
spasms, as tetanus, trismus, etc.
Entasis
En"ta*sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr.
1. (Arch.) A slight convex swelling of the shaft of a column.
2. (Med.) Same as Entasia.
Entassment
En*tass"ment (?), n. [F. entassement, fr. entasser to heap up.] A
heap; accumulation. [R.]
Entastic
En*tas"tic (?), a. [Formed as if fr. (assumed) Gr. Entasis.] (Med.)
Relating to any disease characterized by tonic spasms.
Entelechy
En*tel"e*chy (?), n. [L. entelechia, Gr. (Peripatetic Philos.) An
actuality; a conception completely actualized, in distinction from
mere potential existence.
Entellus
En*tel"lus (?), n. [NL., the specific name, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An East
Indian long-tailed bearded monkey (Semnopithecus entellus) regarded as
sacred by the natives. It is remarkable for the caplike arrangement of
the hair on the head. Called also hoonoomaun and hungoor.
Entend
En*tend" (?), v. i. [F. entendre, fr. L. intendere. See Intend.] To
attend to; to apply one's self to. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Entender
En*ten"der (?), v. t.
1. To make tender. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
2. To treat with tenderness. [R.] Young.
Ententive
En*ten"tive (?), a. [OF. ententif.] Attentive; zealous. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Enter-
En"ter- (?). [F. entre between, fr. L. inter. See Inter-] A prefix
signifying between, among, part.
Enter
En"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entering.] [OE. entren, enteren, F. entrer, fr. L. intrare, fr. intro
inward, contr. fr. intero (sc. loco), fr. inter in between, between.
See Inter-, In, and cf. Interior.]
1. To come or go into; to pass into the interior of; to pass within
the outer cover or shell of; to penetrate; to pierce; as, to enter a
house, a closet, a country, a door, etc.; the river enters the sea.
That darksome cave they enter. Spenser.
I, . . . with the multitude of my redeemed, Shall enter heaven,
long absent. Milton.
2. To unite in; to join; to be admitted to; to become a member of; as,
to enter an association, a college, an army.
3. To engage in; to become occupied with; as, to enter the legal
profession, the book trade, etc.
4. To pass within the limits of; to attain; to begin; to commence
upon; as, to enter one's teens, a new era, a new dispensation.
5. To cause to go (into), or to be received (into); to put in; to
insert; to cause to be admitted; as, to enter a knife into a piece of
wood, a wedge into a log; to enter a boy at college, a horse for a
race, etc.
6. To inscribe; to enroll; to record; as, to enter a name, or a date,
in a book, or a book in a catalogue; to enter the particulars of a
sale in an account, a manifest of a ship or of merchandise at the
customhouse.
7. (Law) (a) To go into or upon, as lands, and take actual possession
of them. (b) To place in regular form before the court, usually in
writing; to put upon record in proper from and order; as, to enter a
writ, appearance, rule, or judgment. Burrill.
8. To make report of (a vessel or her cargo) at the customhouse; to
submit a statement of (imported goods), with the original invoices, to
the proper officer of the customs for estimating the duties. See
Entry,
4.
9. To file or inscribe upon the records of the land office the
required particulars concerning (a quantity of public land) in order
to entitle a person to a right pf pre\'89mption. [U.S.] Abbott.
10. To deposit for copyright the title or description of (a book,
picture, map, etc.); as, "entered according to act of Congress."
11. To initiate; to introduce favorably. [Obs.] Shak.
Enter
En"ter, v. i.
1. To go or come in; -- often with in used pleonastically; also, to
begin; to take the first steps. "The year entering." Evelyn.
No evil thing approach nor enter in. Milton.
Truth is fallen in the street, and equity can not enter. Is. lix.
14.
For we which have believed do enter into rest. Heb. iv. 3.
2. To get admission; to introduce one's self; to penetrate; to form or
constitute a part; to become a partaker or participant; to share; to
engage; -- usually with into; sometimes with on or upon; as, a ball
enters into the body; water enters into a ship; he enters into the
plan; to enter into a quarrel; a merchant enters into partnership with
some one; to enter upon another's land; the boy enters on his tenth
year; to enter upon a task; lead enters into the composition of
pewter.
3. To penetrate mentally; to consider attentively; -- with into.
He is particularly pleased with . . . Sallust for his entering into
internal principles of action. Addison.
Enteradenography
En`ter*ad`e*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] A treatise upon, or
description of, the intestinal glands.
Enteradenology
En`ter*ad`e*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science which treats of
the glands of the alimentary canal.
Enteralgia
En`ter*al"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ent\'82ralgie.] (Med.) Pain in
the intestines; colic.
Enterdeal
En"ter*deal` (?), n. [Enter- + deal.] Mutual dealings; intercourse.
[Obs.]
The enterdeal of princes strange. Spenser.
Enterer
En"ter*er (?), n. One who makes an entrance or beginning. A. Seward.
Enteric
En*ter"ic (?), a. [Gr. Enteritis.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
enteron, or alimentary canal; intestinal. Enteric fever (Med.),
typhoid fever.
Enteritis
En`te*ri"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.) An inflammation of
the intestines. Hoblyn.
Enterlace
En`ter*lace" (?), v. t. See Interlace.
Entermete
En`ter*mete" (?), v. i. [F. s'entremettre; entre between + mettre to
place.] To interfere; to intermeddle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Entermewer
En"ter*mew`er (?), n. [Enter- + mew to molt.] (Zo\'94l.) A hawk
gradually changing the color of its feathers, commonly in the second
year.
Entermise
En`ter*mise" (?), n. [F. entremise, fr. s'entremettre. See Entermete.]
Mediation. [Obs.]
Enterocele
En"ter*o*cele` (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A hernial tumor whose contents are
intestine.
Enteroc\'d2le
En"ter*o*c\'d2le` (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) A perivisceral cavity which
arises as an outgrowth or outgrowths from the digestive tract;
distinguished from a schizoc\'d2le, which arises by a splitting of the
mesoblast of the embryo.
Enterography
En`ter*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] (Anat.) A treatise upon, or
description of, the intestines; enterology.
Enterolith
En"ter*o*lith (?), n. [Gr. -lith.] (Med.) An intestinal concretion.
Enterology
En`ter*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. ent\'82rologie.] The science
which treats of the viscera of the body.
Enteron
En"te*ron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The whole alimentary, or
enteric, canal.
Enteropathy
En`ter*op"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Disease of the intestines.
Enteropneusta
En`te*rop*neus"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
wormlike invertebrates having, along the sides of the body, branchial
openings for the branchial sacs, which are formed by diverticula of
the alimentary canal. Balanoglossus is the only known genus. See
Illustration in Appendix.
Enterorrhaphy
En`ter*or"rha*phy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) The operation of sewing up a
rent in the intestinal canal.
Enterotome
En"ter*o*tome (?), n. [F. ent\'82rotome. See Enterotomy.] (Med.) A
kind of scissors used for opening the intestinal canal, as in
post-mortem examinations.
Enterotomy
En`ter*ot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Incision of the intestines,
especially in reducing certain cases of hernia.
Enterparlance
En`ter*par"lance (?), n. Mutual talk or conversation; conference.
[Obs.] Sir J. Hayward.
Enterplead
En`ter*plead" (?), v. i. Same as Interplead.
Enterprise
En"ter*prise (?), n. [F. enterprise, fr. entreprendre to undertake;
entre between (L. inter) + prendre to take. See Inter, and Emprise.]
1. That which is undertaken; something attempted to be performed; a
work projected which involves activity, courage, energy, and the like;
a bold, arduous, or hazardous attempt; an undertaking; as, a manly
enterprise; a warlike enterprise. Shak.
Their hands can not perform their enterprise. Job v. 12.
2. Willingness or eagerness to engage in labor which requires
boldness, promptness, energy, and like qualities; as, a man of great
enterprise.
Enterprise
En"ter*prise, v. t.
1. To undertake; to begin and attempt to perform; to venture upon.
[R.]
The business must be enterprised this night. Dryden.
What would I not renounce or enterprise for you! T. Otway.
2. To treat with hospitality; to entertain. [Obs.]
Him at the threshold met, and well did enterprise. Spenser.
Enterprise
En"ter*prise, v. i. To undertake an enterprise, or something hazardous
or difficult. [R.] Pope.
Enterpriser
En"ter*pri`ser (?), n. One who undertakes enterprises. Sir J. Hayward.
Enterprising
En"ter*pri`sing (?), a. Having a disposition for enterprise;
characterized by enterprise; resolute, active or prompt to attempt;
as, an enterprising man or firm. -- En"ter*pri`sing*ly, adv.
Entertain
En`ter*tain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entertained (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entertaining.] [F. entretenir; entre between (L. inter) + tenir to
hold, L. tenere. See Tenable.]
1. To be at the charges of; to take or keep in one's service; to
maintain; to support; to harbor; to keep.
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You, sir, I entertain for one of my hundred. Shak.
2. To give hospitable reception and maintenance to; to receive at
one's board, or into one's house; to receive as a guest.
Be not forgetful to entertain strangers; for thereby some have
entertained unawares. Heb. xiii. 2.
3. To engage the attention of agreeably; to amuse with that which
makes the time pass pleasantly; to divert; as, to entertain friends
with conversation, etc.
The weary time she can not entertain. Shak.
4. To give reception to; to receive, in general; to receive and take
into consideration; to admit, treat, or make use of; as, to entertain
a proposal.
I am not here going to entertain so large a theme as the philosophy
of Locke. De Quincey.
A rumor gained ground, -- and, however absurd, was entertained by
some very sensible people. Hawthorne.
5. To meet or encounter, as an enemy. [Obs.] Shak.
6. To keep, hold, or maintain in the mind with favor; to keep in the
mind; to harbor; to cherish; as, to entertain sentiments.
7. To lead on; to bring along; to introduce. [Obs.]
To baptize all nations, and entertain them into the services
institutions of the holy Jesus. Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- To amuse; divert; maintain. See Amuse.
Entertain
En`ter*tain" (?), v. i. To receive, or provide entertainment for,
guests; as, he entertains generously.
Entertain
En`ter*tain", n. [Cf. F. entretien, fr. entretenir.] Entertainment.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Entertainer
En`ter*tain"er (?), n. One who entertains.
Entertaining
En`ter*tain"ing, a. Affording entertainment; pleasing; amusing;
diverting. -- En`ter*tain"ing*ly, adv. -- En`ter*tain"ing*ness, n.
Entertainment
En`ter*tain"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. entretenement.]
1. The act of receiving as host, or of amusing, admitting, or
cherishing; hospitable reception; also, reception or treatment, in
general.
The entertainment of Christ by faith. Baxter.
The sincere entertainment and practice of the precepts of the
gospel. Bp. Sprat.
2. That which entertains, or with which one is entertained; as: (a)
Hospitality; hospitable provision for the wants of a guest;
especially, provision for the table; a hospitable repast; a feast; a
formal or elegant meal. (b) That which engages the attention
agreeably, amuses or diverts, whether in private, as by conversation,
etc., or in public, by performances of some kind; amusement.
Theatrical entertainments conducted with greater elegance and
refinement. Prescott.
3. Admission into service; service.
Some band of strangers in the adversary's entertainment. Shak.
4. Payment of soldiers or servants; wages. [Obs.]
The entertainment of the general upon his first arrival was but six
shillings and eight pence. Sir J. Davies.
Syn. -- Amusement; diversion; recreation; pastime; sport; feast;
banquet; repast; carousal.
Entertake
En`ter*take" (?), v. t. To entertain. [Obs.]
Entertissued
En`ter*tis"sued (?), a. Same as Intertissued.
Entheal, Enthean
En"the*al (?), En"the*an (?), a. [Gr. Divinely inspired; wrought up to
enthusiasm. [Obs.]
Entheasm
En"the*asm (?), n. Inspiration; enthusiasm. [R.] "Religious entheasm."
Byron.
Entheastic
En`the*as"tic (?), a. [Gr. Entheal.] Of godlike energy; inspired. --
En`the*as"tic*al*ly (#), adv.
Entheat
En"the*at (?), a. [Cf. L. entheatus, fr. Gr. Divinely inspired. [Obs.]
Drummond.
Enthelmintha, Enthelminthes
En`thel*min"tha (?), En`thel*min"thes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) Intestinal worms. See Helminthes.
Entheic
En*the"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Caused by a morbifie virus implanted in
the system; as, an enthetic disease like syphilis.
Enthrall
En*thrall" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + thrall. Cf. Inthrall.] [Written
also enthral.] To hold in thrall; to enslave. See Inthrall.
The bars survive the captive they enthrall. Byron.
Enthrallment
En*thrall"ment (?), n. The act of enthralling, or state of being
enthralled. See Inthrallment.
Enthrill
En*thrill" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + thrill.] To pierce; to thrill.
[Obs.] Sackville.
Enthrone
En*throne" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + throne: cf. OF. enthroner. Cf.
Inthronize.]
1. To seat on a throne; to exalt to the seat of royalty or of high
authority; hence, to invest with sovereign authority or dignity.
Beneath a sculptured arch he sits enthroned. Pope.
It [mercy] is enthroned in the hearts of kings. Shak.
2. (Eccl.) To induct, as a bishop, into the powers and privileges of a
vacant see.
Enthronement
En*throne"ment (?), n. The act of enthroning, or state of being
enthroned. [Recent]
Enthronization
En*thron`i*za"tion (?), n. The act of enthroning; hence, the admission
of a bishop to his stall or throne in his cathedral.
Enthronize
En*thron"ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enthronized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enthronizing (?).] [See Inthronize.] To place on a throne; hence, to
induct into office, as a bishop.
There openly enthronized as the very elected king. Knolles.
Enthuse
En*thuse" (?), v. t. & i. To make or become enthusiastic. [Slang]
Enthusiasm
En*thu"si*asm (?), n. [Gr. enthousiasme. See Entheal, Theism.]
1. Inspiration as if by a divine or superhuman power; ecstasy; hence,
a conceit of divine possession and revelation, or of being directly
subject to some divine impulse.
Enthusiasm is founded neither on reason nor divine revelation, but
rises from the conceits of a warmed or overweening imagination.
Locke.
2. A state of impassioned emotion; transport; elevation of fancy;
exaltation of soul; as, the poetry of enthusiasm.
Resolutions adopted in enthusiasm are often repented of when
excitement has been succeeded by the wearing duties of hard
everyday routine. Froude.
Exhibiting the seeming contradiction of susceptibility to
enthusiasm and calculating shrewdness. Bancroft.
3. Enkindled and kindling fervor of soul; strong excitement of feeling
on behalf of a cause or a subject; ardent and imaginative zeal or
interest; as, he engaged in his profession with enthusiasm.
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. Emerson.
4. Lively manifestation of joy or zeal.
Philip was greeted with a tumultuous enthusiasm. Prescott.
Enthusiast
En*thu"si*ast (?), n. [Gr. enthousiaste.] One moved or actuated by
enthusiasm; as: (a) One who imagines himself divinely inspired, or
possessed of some special revelation; a religious madman; a fanatic.
(b) One whose mind is wholly possessed and heated by what engages it;
one who is influenced by a peculiar; fervor of mind; an ardent and
imaginative person.
Enthusiasts soon understand each other. W. Irving.
Syn. -- Visionary; fanatic; devotee; zealot.
Enthusiastic, Enthusiastical
En*thu`si*as"tic (?), En*thu`si*as"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Filled with
enthusiasm; characterized by enthusiasm; zealous; as, an enthusiastic
lover of art. "Enthusiastical raptures." Calamy. --
En*thu`si*as"tic*al*ly, adv.
A young man . . . of a visionary and enthusiastic character. W.
Irving.
Enthusiastic
En*thu`si*as"tic, n. An enthusiast; a zealot. [Obs.]
Enthymematic, Enthymematical
En`thy*me*mat"ic (?), En`thy*me*mat"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to,
or of the form of, an enthymeme.
Enthymeme
En"thy*meme (?), n. [Gr. (Logic) An argument consisting of only two
propositions, an antecedent and consequent deduced from it; a
syllogism with one premise omitted; as, We are dependent; therefore we
should be humble. Here the major proposition is suppressed. The
complete syllogism would be, Dependent creatures should be humble; we
are dependent creatures; therefore we should be humble.
Entice
En*tice" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enticed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enticing (?).] [OE. entisen, enticen, OF. enticier, entichier; pref.
en- (L. in) + a word of uncertain origin, cf. OF. atisier to stir a
fire, provoke, L. titio firebrand, or MHG. zicken to push.] To draw
on, by exciting hope or desire; to allure; to attract; as, the bait
enticed the fishes. Often in a bad sense: To lead astray; to induce to
evil; to tempt; as, the sirens enticed them to listen.
Roses blushing as they blow, And enticing men to pull. Beau. & Fl.
My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not. Prov. i. 10.
Go, and thine erring brother gain, Entice him home to be forgiven.
Keble.
Syn. -- To allure; lure; coax; decoy; seduce; tempt; inveigle; incite;
persuade; prevail on. See Allure.
Enticeable
En*tice"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being enticed.
Enticement
En*tice"ment (?), n. [OF. enticement.]
1. The act or practice of alluring or tempting; as, the enticements of
evil companions.
2. That which entices, or incites to evil; means of allurement;
alluring object; as, an enticement to sin. Syn. -- Allurement;
attraction; temptation; seduction; inveiglement; persuasion;
inducement.
Enticer
En*ti"cer (?), n. One who entices; one who incites or allures to evil.
Burton.
Enticing
En*ti"cing (?), a. That entices; alluring.
Enticingly
En*ti"cing*ly, adv. In an enticing manner; charmingly. "She . . .
sings most enticingly." Addison.
Entierty
En*tier"ty (?), n. See Entirety. [Obs.]
Entire
En*tire" (?), a. [F. entier, L. integer untouched, undiminished,
entire; pref. in-, negative + the root of tangere to touch. See
Tangent, and cf. Integer.]
1. Complete in all parts; undivided; undiminished; whole; full and
perfect; not deficient; as, the entire control of a business; entire
confidence, ignorance.
That ye may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing. James i. 4.
With strength entire and free will armed. Milton.
One entire and perfect chrysolite. Shak.
2. Without mixture or alloy of anything; unqualified; morally whole;
pure; faithful.
Pure fear and entire cowardice. Shak.
No man had ever a heart more entire to the king. Clarendon.
3. (Bot.) (a) Consisting of a single piece, as a corolla. (b) Having
an evenly continuous edge, as a leaf which has no kind of teeth.
4. Not gelded; -- said of a horse.
5. Internal; interior. [Obs.] Spenser. Syn. -- See Whole, and Radical.
Entire
En*tire", n.
1. Entirely. "Too long to print in entire." Thackeray.
2. (Brewing) A name originally given to a kind of beer combining
qualities of different kinds of beer. [Eng.] "Foker's Entire."
Thackeray.
Entirely
En*tire"ly, adv.
1. In an entire manner; wholly; completely; fully; as, the trace is
entirely lost.
Euphrates falls not entirely into the Persian Sea. Raleigh.
2. Without alloy or mixture; truly; sincerely.
To highest God entirely pray. Spenser.
Entireness
En*tire"ness (?), n.
1. The state or condition of being entire; completeness; fullness;
totality; as, the entireness of an arch or a bridge.
This same entireness or completeness. Trench.
2. Integrity; wholeness of heart; honesty. [R.]
Entireness in preaching the gospel. Udall.
3. Oneness; unity; -- applied to a condition of intimacy or close
association. [Obs.]
True Christian love may be separated from acquaintance, and
acquaintance from entireness. Bp. Hall.
Entirety
En*tire"ty (?), n.; pl. Entireness (#). [OF. entieret\'82. Cf.
Integrity.]
1. The state of being entire; completeness; as, entirely of interest.
Blackstone.
2. That which is entire; the whole. Bacon.
Entitative
En"ti*ta*tive (?), a. [See Entity.] Considered as pure entity;
abstracted from all circumstances. Ellis. -- En"ti*ta*tive*ly, adv.
Entitle
En*ti"tle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entitled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entitling (?).] [OF. entituler, F. intituler, LL. intitulare, fr. L.
in + titulus title. See Title, and cf. Intitule.]
1. To give a title to; to affix to as a name or appellation; hence,
also, to dignify by an honorary designation; to denominate; to call;
as, to entitle a book "Commentaries;" to entitle a man "Honorable."
That which . . . we entitle patience. Shak.
2. To give a claim to; to qualify for, with a direct object of the
person, and a remote object of the thing; to furnish with grounds for
seeking or claiming with success; as, an officer's talents entitle him
to command.
3. To attribute; to ascribe. [Obs.]
The ancient proverb . . . entitles this work . . . peculiarly to
God himself. Milton.
Syn. -- To name; designate; style; characterize; empower; qualify;
enable; fit.
Entitule
En*tit"ule (?), v. t. [See Entitle.] To entitle. B. Jonson.
Entity
En"ti*ty (?), n.; pl. Entities (#). [LL. entitas, fr. L. ens, entis,
thing, prop. p. pr. of esse to be: cf. F. entit\'82. See Essence, Is.]
A real being, whether in thought (as an ideal conception) or in fact;
being; essence; existence.
Self-subsisting entities, such as our own personality. Shairp.
Fortune is no real entity, . . . but a mere relative signification.
Bentley.
Ento-
En"to- (?). [Gr. In.] A combining form signifying within; as,
entoblast.
Entoblast
En"to*blast (?), n. [Ento- + -blast.] (Biol.) The inner germ layer;
endoderm. See Nucleolus.
Entobronchium
En`to*bron"chi*um (?), n.; pl. Entobronchia (#). [See Ento-, and
Bronchia.] (Anat.) One of the main bronchi in the lungs of birds.
Entocuneiform, Entocuniform
En`to*cu*ne"i*form (?), En`to*cu"ni*form (?), n. [Ento- + cuneiform,
cuniform.] (Anat.) One of the bones of the tarsus. See Cuneiform.
Entoderm
En"to*derm (?), n. [Ento- + Gr. (Biol.) See Endoderm, and Illust. of
Blastoderm.
Entodermal, Entodermic
En`to*der"mal (?), En`to*der"mic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to the
entoderm.
Entogastric
En`to*gas"tric (?), a. [Ento- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the
interior of the stomach; -- applied to a mode of budding from the
interior of the gastric cavity, in certain hydroids.
Entogenous
En*tog"e*nous (?), a. [Ento- + -genous.] (Biol.) See Endogenous.
Entoglossal
En`to*glos"sal (?), a. [Ento- + Gr. (Anat.) Within the tongue; --
applied to the glossohyal bone.
Entoil
En*toil" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entoiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entoiling.] To take with toils or bring into toils; to insnare. [R.]
Entoiled in woofed phantasies. Keats.
Entomb
En*tomb" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entombed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entombing.] [Pref. en- + tomb: cf. OF. entomber.] To deposit in a
tomb, as a dead body; to bury; to inter; to inhume. Hooker.
Entombment
En*tomb"ment (?), n. The act of entombing or burying, or state of
being entombed; burial. Barrow.
Entomere
En"to*mere (?), n. [Ento- + -mere.] (Biol.) The more granular cells,
which finally become internal, in many segmenting ova, as those of
mammals.
Entomic, Entomical
En*tom"ic (?), En*tom"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Entomology.] (Zo\'94l.)
Relating to insects; entomological.
Entomoid
En"to*moid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling an insect. -- n.
An object resembling an insect.
Entomolin
En*tom"o*lin (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) See Chitin.
Entomolite
En*tom"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Paleon.) A fossil insect.
Entomologic, Entomological
En`to*mo*log"ic (?), En`to*mo*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
entomologique.] Of or relating to entomology. --
En`to*mo*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Entomologist
En`to*mol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. entomologiste.] One versed in
entomology.
Entomologize
En`to*mol"o*gize (?), v. i. To collect specimens in the study of
entomology. C. Kingsley.
Entomology
En`to*mol"o*gy (?), n.; pl. Entomologies (#). [Gr. 'e`ntomon insect
(so called because nearly cut in two, fr. 'e`ntomos cut in; 'en in +
te`mnein to cut) + -logy: cf. F. entomologie. See In, and Tome, and
cf. Insect.]
1. That part of zo\'94logy which treats of insects.
2. A treatise on the science of entomology.
Entomophaga
En`to*moph"a*ga (?), n.; pl. [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`ntomon an insect +
fagei^n to eat.] (Zo\'94l.)
1. One of a group of hymenopterous insects whose larv\'91 feed
parasitically upon living insects. See Ichneumon,
2.
2. A group of marsupials which are partly insectivorous, as the
opossum.
3. A group of edentates, including the ant-eaters.
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Entomophagan
En`to*moph"a*gan (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Relating to the Entomophaga. -- n.
One of the Entomophaga.
Entomophagous
En`to*moph"a*gous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Feeding on insects;
insectivorous.
Entomophilous
En`to*moph"i*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Fertilized by the agency of
insects; -- said of plants in which the pollen is carried to the
stigma by insects.
Entomostraca
En`to*mos"tra*ca (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
subclasses of Crustacea, including a large number of species, many of
them minute. The group embraces several orders; as the Phyllopoda,
Ostracoda, Copepoda, and Pectostraca. See Copepoda, Phyllopoda, and
Cladocera.
Entomostracan
En`to*mos"tra*can (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Relating to the Entomostraca. --
n. One of the Entomostraca.
Entomostracous
En`to*mos"tra*cous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Entomostracans.
Entomotomist
En`to*mot"o*mist (?), n. One who practices entomotomy.
Entomotomy
En`to*mot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. The science of the dissection of insects.
Entonic
En*ton"ic (?), a. [Gr. Entasis.] (Med.) Having great tension, or
exaggerated action. Dunglison.
Entoperipheral
En`to*pe*riph"er*al (?), a. [Ento- + peripheral.] (Physiol.) Being, or
having its origin, within the external surface of the body; --
especially applied to feelings, such as hunger, produced by internal
disturbances. Opposed to epiperipheral.
Entophyte
En"to*phyte (?), n. [Ento- + Gr. (Med.) A vegetable parasite
subsisting in the interior of the body.
Entophytic
En`to*phyt"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to entophytes; as, an
entophytic disease.
Entoplasm
En"to*plasm (?), n. [Ento- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The inner granular layer
of protoplasm in a developing ovum. (b) Endosarc.
Entoplastic
En`to*plas"tic (?), a. [Ento- + Gr. (Biol.) Pertaining to, or composed
of, entoplasm; as, the entoplastic products of some Protozoa, or the
entoplastic modification of the cell protoplasm, by which a nucleus is
produced.
Entoplastron
En`to*plas"tron (?), n.; pl. Entoplastra (#). [Ento- + plastron.]
(Anat.) The median plate of the plastron of turtles; -- called also
entosternum.
Entoprocta
En`to*proc"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of Bryozoa
in which the anus is within the circle of tentacles. See Pedicellina.
Entoptic
Ent*op"tic (?), a. [Ent- + optic.] (Physiol.) Relating to objects
situated within the eye; esp., relating to the perception of objects
in one's own eye.
Entorganism
Ent*or"gan*ism (?), n. [Ent- + organism.] (Biol.) An internal
parasitic organism.
Entortilation
En*tor`ti*la"tion (?), n. [F. entortiller to twist; pref. en- (L. in)
+ tortiller to twist.] A turning into a circle; round figures. [Obs.]
Donne.
Entosternum
En`to*ster"num (?), n.; pl. Entosterna (#). [NL. See Ento-, and
Sternum.] (Anat.) See Entoplastron. -- En`to*ster"nal (#), a.
Entosthoblast
En*tos"tho*blast (?), n. [Gr. 'e`ntosthe from within + -blast.]
(Biol.) The granule within the nucleolus or entoblast of a nucleated
cell. Agassiz.
Entothorax
En`to*tho"rax (?), n. [Ento- + thorax.] (Zo\'94l.) See Endothorax.
Entotic
Ent*ot"ic (?), a. [Ent- + Gr. (Anat.) Pertaining to the interior of
the ear.
Entozoa
En`to*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)
1. A group of worms, including the tapeworms, flukes, roundworms,
etc., most of which live parasitically in the interior of other
animals; the Helminthes.
2. An artificial group, including all kinds of animals living
parasitically in others.
Entozoal, Entozoic
En`to*zo"al (?), En`to*zo"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or
consisting of, the Entozoa.
Entozo\'94logist
En`to*zo*\'94l"o*gist (?), n. [Entozo\'94n + -logy + -ist.] One versed
in the science of the Entozoa.
Entozo\'94n
En`to*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Entozoa (#). [NL. See Entozoa.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of the Entozoa.
Entr'acte
En`tr'acte" (?), n. [F. Cf. Interact.]
1. The interval of time which occurs between the performance of any
two acts of a drama.
2. A dance, piece of music, or interlude, performed between two acts
of a drama.
Entrail
En*trail" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + OF. treiller to grate, lattice, F.
treille vine, arbor. See Trellis.] To interweave; to intertwine.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Entrail
En*trail", n. Entanglement; fold. [Obs.] Spenser.
Entrails
En"trails (?), n. pl. [F. entrailles, LL. intralia, intranea, fr.
interaneum, pl. interanea, intestine, interaneus inward, interior, fr.
inter between, among, within. See Internal.]
1. The internal parts of animal bodies; the bowels; the guts; viscera;
intestines.
2. The internal parts; as, the entrails of the earth.
That treasure . . . hid the dark entrails of America. Locke.
Entrain
En*train" (?), v. t. [F. entrainer.] To draw along as a current does;
as, water entrained by steam.
Entrain
En*train", v. t. [Pref. en- + train.] To put aboard a railway train;
as, to entrain a regiment. [Recent, Eng.]
Entrain
En*train", v. i. To go aboard a railway train; as, the troops
entrained at the station. [Recent, Eng.]
Entrammel
En*tram"mel (?), v. t. [See Trammel.] To trammel; to entangle. Bp.
Hacket.
Entrance
En"trance (?), n. [OF. entrance, fr. OF. & F. entrant, p. pr. of
entrer to enter. See Enter.]
1. The act of entering or going into; ingress; as, the entrance of a
person into a house or an apartment; hence, the act of taking
possession, as of property, or of office; as, the entrance of an heir
upon his inheritance, or of a magistrate into office.
2. Liberty, power, or permission to enter; as, to give entrance to
friends. Shak.
3. The passage, door, or gate, for entering.
Show us, we pray thee, the entrance into the city. Judg. i. 24.
4. The entering upon; the beginning, or that with which the beginning
is made; the commencement; initiation; as, a difficult entrance into
business. "Beware of entrance to a quarrel." Shak.
St. Augustine, in the entrance of one of his discourses, makes a
kind of apology. Hakewill.
5. The causing to be entered upon a register, as a ship or goods, at a
customhouse; an entering; as, his entrance of the arrival was made the
same day.
6. (Naut.) (a) The angle which the bow of a vessel makes with the
water at the water line. Ham. Nav. Encyc. (b) The bow, or entire
wedgelike forepart of a vessel, below the water line. Totten.
Entrance
En*trance" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entranced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entrancing (?).] [Pref. en- + trance.]
1. To put into a trance; to make insensible to present objects.
Him, still entranced and in a litter laid, They bore from field and
to the bed conveyed. Dryden.
2. To put into an ecstasy; to ravish with delight or wonder; to
enrapture; to charm.
And I so ravished with her heavenly note, I stood entranced, and
had no room for thought. Dryden.
Entrancement
En*trance"ment (?), n. The act of entrancing, or the state of trance
or ecstasy. Otway.
Entrant
En"trant (?), n. [See Entrance, n.]
1. One who enters; a beginner. "The entrant upon life." Bp. Terrot.
2. An applicant for admission. Stormonth.
Entrap
En*trap" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entrapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entrapping.] [Pref. en- + trap: cf. OF. entraper.] To catch in a trap;
to insnare; hence, to catch, as in a trap, by artifices; to involve in
difficulties or distresses; to catch or involve in contradictions; as,
to be entrapped by the devices of evil men.
A golden mesh, to entrap the hearts of men. Shak.
Syn. -- To insnare; inveigle; tangle; decoy; entangle.
Entreat
En*treat" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entreated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Entreating.] [OE. entreten to treat, request, OF. entraiter to treat
of; pref. en- (L. in) + traitier to treat. See Treat.]
1. To treat, or conduct toward; to deal with; to use. [Obs.]
Fairly let her be entreated. Shak.
I will cause the enemy to entreat thee well. Jer. xv. 11.
2. To treat with, or in respect to, a thing desired; hence, to ask
earnestly; to beseech; to petition or pray with urgency; to
supplicate; to importune. "Entreat my wife to come." "I do entreat
your patience." Shak.
I must entreat of you some of that money. Shak.
Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door. Poe.
Isaac entreated the Lord for his wife. Gen. xxv. 21.
3. To beseech or supplicate successfully; to prevail upon by prayer or
solicitation; to persuade.
It were a fruitless attempt to appease a power whom no prayers
could entreat. Rogers.
4. To invite; to entertain. [Obs.] "Pleasures to entreat." Spenser.
Syn. -- To beseech; beg; solicit; crave; implore; supplicate. See
Beseech.
Entreat
En*treat", v. i.
1. To treat or discourse; hence, to enter into negotiations, as for a
treaty. [Obs.]
Of which I shall have further occasion to entreat. Hakewill.
Alexander . . . was first that entreated of true peace with them. 1
Mac. x. 47.
2. To make an earnest petition or request.
The Janizaries entreated for them as valiant men. Knolles.
Entreat
En*treat", n. Entreaty. [Obs.] Ford.
Entreatable
En*treat"a*ble (?), a. That may be entreated.
Entreatance
En*treat"ance (?), n. Entreaty. [Obs.] Fairfax.
Entreater
En*treat"er (?), n. One who entreats; one who asks earnestly; a
beseecher.
Entreatful
En*treat"ful (?), a. Full of entreaty. [R.] See Intreatful.
Entreatingly
En*treat"ing*ly, adv. In an entreating manner.
Entreative
En*treat"ive (?), a. Used in entreaty; pleading. [R.] "Entreative
phrase." A. Brewer.
Entreatment
En*treat"ment (?), n. Entreaty; invitation. [Obs.] Shak.
Entreaty
En*treat"y, n.; pl. Entreaties (.
1. Treatment; reception; entertainment. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
2. The act of entreating or beseeching; urgent prayer; earnest
petition; pressing solicitation.
Fair entreaty, and sweet blandishment. Spenser.
Syn. -- Solicitation; request; suit; supplication; importunity.
Entr\'82e
En`tr\'82e" (?), n. [F. See Entry.]
1. A coming in, or entrance; hence, freedom of access; permission or
right to enter; as, to have the entr\'82e of a house.
2. (Cookery) In French usage, a dish served at the beginning of dinner
to give zest to the appetite; in English usage, a side dish, served
with a joint, or between the courses, as a cutlet, scalloped oysters,
etc.
Entremets
En`tre*mets" (?), n. sing. & pl. [F., fr. entre between + mets a dish,
mess.]
1. (Cookery) A side dish; a dainty or relishing dish usually eaten
after the joints or principal dish; also, a sweetmeat, served with a
dinner.
2. Any small entertainment between two greater ones. [R.]
Entrench
En*trench" (?), v. t. See Intrench.
Entrep\'93t
En`tre*p\'93t" (?), n. [F.] A warehouse; a magazine for depositing
goods, stores, etc.; a mart or place where merchandise is deposited;
as, an entrep\'93t for shipping goods in transit.
Entrepreneur
En`tre*pre*neur" (?), n. [F. See Enterprise.] (Polit. Econ.) One who
creates a product on his own account; whoever undertakes on his own
account an industrial enterprise in which workmen are employed. F. A.
Walker.
Entresol
En`tre*sol" (?), n. [F.] (Arch.) A low story between two higher ones,
usually between the ground floor and the first story; mezzanine.
Parker.
Entrick
En*trick" (?), v. t. [Cf. OE. entriken to perplex, OF. entriquer. Cf.
Trick, Intrigue.] To trick, to perplex. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Entrochal
En"tro*chal (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, entrochites, or
the joints of encrinites; -- used of a kind of stone or marble.
Entrochite
En"tro*chite (?), n. [Pref. en- + Gr. (Paleon.) A fossil joint of a
crinoid stem.
Entropion
En*tro"pi*on (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as Entropium.
Entropium
En*tro"pi*um (?), n. [NL. See Entropy.] (Med.) The inversion or
turning in of the border of the eyelids.
Entropy
En"tro*py (?), n. [Gr. (Thermodynamics) A certain property of a body,
expressed as a measurable quantity, such that when there is no
communication of heat the quantity remains constant, but when heat
enters or leaves the body the quantity increases or diminishes. If a
small amount, h, of heat enters the body when its temperature is t in
the thermodynamic scale the entropy of the body is increased by h .
The entropy is regarded as measured from some standard temperature and
pressure. Sometimes called the thermodynamic function.
The entropy of the universe tends towards a maximum. Clausius.
Entrust
En*trust" (?), v. t. See Intrust.
Entry
En"try (?), n.; pl. Entries (#). [OE. entree, entre, F. entr\'82e, fr.
entrer to enter. See Enter, and cf. Entr\'82e.]
1. The act of entering or passing into or upon; entrance; ingress;
hence, beginnings or first attempts; as, the entry of a person into a
house or city; the entry of a river into the sea; the entry of air
into the blood; an entry upon an undertaking.
2. The act of making or entering a record; a setting down in writing
the particulars, as of a transaction; as, an entry of a sale; also,
that which is entered; an item.
A notary made an entry of this act. Bacon.
3. That by which entrance is made; a passage leading into a house or
other building, or to a room; a vestibule; an adit, as of a mine.
A straight, long entry to the temple led. Dryden.
4. (Com.) The exhibition or depositing of a ship's papers at the
customhouse, to procure license to land goods; or the giving an
account of a ship's cargo to the officer of the customs, and obtaining
his permission to land the goods. See Enter, v. t., 8, and Entrance,
n.,
5.
5. (Law) (a) The actual taking possession of lands or tenements, by
entering or setting foot on them. (b) A putting upon record in proper
form and order. (c) The act in addition to breaking essential to
constitute the offense or burglary. Burrill.
Bill of entry. See under Bill. -- Double entry, Single entry. See
Bookkeeping. -- Entry clerk (Com.), a clerk who makes the original
entries of transactions in a business. -- Writ of entry (Law), a writ
issued for the purpose of obtaining possession of land from one who
has unlawfully entered and continues in possession. Bouvier.
Entryng
En"tryng (?), n. Am entrance. [Obs.]
So great an entryng and so large. Chaucer.
Entune
En*tune" (?), v. t. To tune; to intone. Chaucer.
Entwine
En*twine" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + twine. Cf. Intwine.] To twine,
twist, or wreathe together or round. [Written also intwine.]
Entwined in duskier wreaths her braided locks. Shelley.
Thy glorious household stuff did me entwine. Herbert.
Entwine
En*twine", v. i. To be twisted or twined.
With whose imperial laurels might entwine no cypress. De Quincey.
Entwinement
En*twine"ment (?), n. A twining or twisting together or round; union.
Bp. Hacket.
Entwist
En*twist" (?), v. t. To twist or wreathe round; to intwine. Shak.
Enubilate
E*nu"bi*late (?), v. t. [L. enubilatus, p. p. of enubilare to
enubilate; e out + nubila clouds, fr. nubilis cloudy, nubes cloud.] To
clear from mist, clouds, or obscurity. [R.] Bailey.
Enubilous
E*nu"bi*lous (?), a. [See Enubilate.] Free from fog, mist, or clouds;
clear. [R.]
Enucleate
E*nu"cle*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enucleated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enucleating (?).] [L. enucleatus, p. p. of enucleare to enucleate; e
out + nucleus kernel.]
1. To bring or peel out, as a kernel from its enveloping husks its
enveloping husks or shell.
2. (Med.) To remove without cutting (as a tumor).
3. To bring to light; to make clear. Sclater (1654).
Enucleation
E*nu`cle*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82nucl\'82ation.] The act of
enucleating; elucidation; exposition.
Neither sir, nor water, nor food, seem directly to contribute
anything to the enucleation of this disease. Tooke.
Enumerate
E*nu"mer*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enumerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enumerating (?).] [L. enumeratus, p. p. of enumerare to count out,
enumerate; e out + numerare to count, fr. numerus number. See Number.]
To count; to tell by numbers; to count over, or tell off one after
another; to number; to reckon up; to mention one by one; to name over;
to make a special and separate account of; to recount; as, to
enumerate the stars in a constellation.
Enumerating the services he had done. Ludlow.
Syn. -- To reckon; compute; calculate; count; estimate; relate;
rehearse; recapitulate; detail.
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Enumeration
E*nu`mer*a"tion (?), n. [L. enumeratio: cf. F. \'82num\'82ration.]
1. The act of enumerating, making separate mention, or recounting.
2. A detailed account, in which each thing is specially noticed.
Because almost every man we meet possesses these, we leave them out
of our enumeration. Paley.
3. (Rhet.) A recapitulation, in the peroration, of the heads of an
argument.
Enumerative
E*nu"mer*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82num\'82ratif.] Counting, or
reckoning up, one by one.
Enumerative of the variety of evils. Jer. Taylor.
Enumerator
E*nu"mer*a`tor (?), n. One who enumerates.
Enunciable
E*nun"ci*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being enunciated or expressed.
Enunciate
E*nun"ci*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enunciated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enunciating (?).] [L. enuntiatus, -ciatus, p. p. of enuntiare, -ciare.
See Enounce.]
1. To make a formal statement of; to announce; to proclaim; to
declare, as a truth.
The terms in which he enunciates the great doctrines of the gospel.
Coleridge.
2. To make distinctly audible; to utter articulately; to pronounce;
as, to enunciate a word distinctly.
Enunciate
E*nun"ci*ate, v. i. To utter words or syllables articulately.
Enunciation
E*nun`ci*a"tion (?; 277), n. [L. enuntiatio, -ciatio.]
1. The act of enunciating, announcing, proclaiming, or making known;
open attestation; declaration; as, the enunciation of an important
truth.
By way of interpretation and enunciation. Jer. Taylor.
2. Mode of utterance or pronunciation, especially as regards fullness
and distinctness or articulation; as, to speak with a clear or
impressive enunciation.
3. That which is enunciated or announced; words in which a proposition
is expressed; an announcement; a formal declaration; a statement.
Every intelligible enunciation must be either true or false. A.
Clarke.
Enunciative
E*nun"ci*a*tive (?), a. [L. enuntiativus, -ciativus.] Pertaining to,
or containing, enunciation; declarative. Ayliffe. --
E*nun"ci*a*tive*ly, adv.
Enunciator
E*nun"ci*a`tor (?), n. [L. enuntiator, enunciator.] One who enunciates
or proclaims.
Enunciatory
E*nun"ci*a*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation or
utterance.
Enure
En*ure" (?), v. t. See Inure.
Enuresis
En`u*re"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) An involuntary discharge of
urine; incontinence of urine.
Envassal
En*vas"sal (?), v. t. To make a vassal of. [Obs.]
Envault
En*vault" (?), v. t. To inclose in a vault; to entomb. [R.] Swift.
Enveigle
En*vei"gle (?), v. t. To entice. See Inveigle.
Envelop
En*vel"op (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enveloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enveloping.] [OE. envolupen, envolipen, OF. envoluper, envoleper, F.
envelopper; pref. en- (L. in) + voluper, voleper. See Develop.] To put
a covering about; to wrap up or in; to inclose within a case, wrapper,
integument or the like; to surround entirely; as, to envelop goods or
a letter; the fog envelops a ship.
Nocturnal shades this world envelop. J. Philips.
Envelope; 277, Envelop
En"vel*ope (?; 277), En*vel"op (?; 277), n. [F. enveloppe.]
1. That which envelops, wraps up, encases, or surrounds; a wrapper; an
inclosing cover; esp., the cover or wrapper of a document, as of a
letter.
2. (Astron.) The nebulous covering of the head or nucleus of a comet;
-- called also coma.
3. (Fort.) A work of earth, in the form of a single parapet or of a
small rampart. It is sometimes raised in the ditch and sometimes
beyond it. Wilhelm.
4. (Geom.) A curve or surface which is tangent to each member of a
system of curves or surfaces, the form and position of the members of
the system being allowed to vary according to some continuous law.
Thus, any curve is the envelope of its tangents. <-- 4. A set of
limits for the performance capabilities of some type of machine,
originally used to refer to aircraft. Now also used metaphorically to
refer to capabilities of any system in general, including human
organizations, esp. in the phrase
push the envelope. It is used to refer to the maximum performance
available at the current state of the technology, and therefore refers
to a class of machines in general, not a specific machine. push the
envelope Increase the capability of some type of machine or system; --
usu. by technological development. -->
Envelopment
En*vel"op*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. enveloppement.]
1. The act of enveloping or wrapping; an inclosing or covering on all
sides.
2. That which envelops or surrounds; an envelop.
Envenime
En*ven"ime (?), v. t. To envenom. [Obs.]
Envenom
En*ven"om (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Envenomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Envenoming.] [OE. envenimen, F. envenimer; pref. en- (L. in) + F.
venin poison. See Venom.]
1. To taint or impregnate with venom, or any substance noxious to
life; to poison; to render dangerous or deadly by poison, as food,
drink, a weapon; as, envenomed meat, wine, or arrow; also, to poison
(a person) by impregnating with venom.
Alcides . . . felt the envenomed robe. Milton.
O, what a world is this, when what is comely Envenoms him that
bears it! Shak.
2. To taint or impregnate with bitterness, malice, or hatred; to imbue
as with venom; to imbitter.
The envenomed tongue of calumny. Smollett.
On the question of slavery opinion has of late years been
peculiarly envenomed. Sir G. C. Lewis.
Envermeil
En*ver"meil (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + vermeil: cf. OF. envermeiller. See
Vermil.] To color with, or as with, vermilion; to dye red. [Obs.]
Milton.
Enviable
En"vi*a*ble (?), a. [From Envy.] Fitted to excite envy; capable of
awakening an ardent desire to posses or to resemble.
One of most enviable of human beings. Macaulay.
-- En"vi*a*ble*ness, n. -- En"vi*a*bly, adv.
Envie
En*vie" (?), v. i. [See Vie.] To vie; to emulate; to strive. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Envier
En"vi*er (?), n. One who envies; one who desires inordinately what
another possesses.
Envigor
En*vig"or (?), v. t. To invigorate. [Obs.]
Envious
En"vi*ous (?), a. [OF. envios, F. envieux, fr. L. invidiosus, fr.
invidia envy. See Envy, and cf. Invidious.]
1. Malignant; mischievous; spiteful. [Obs.]
Each envious brier his weary legs doth scratch. Shak.
2. Feeling or exhibiting envy; actuated or directed by, or proceeding
from, envy; -- said of a person, disposition, feeling, act, etc.;
jealously pained by the excellence or good fortune of another;
maliciously grudging; -- followed by of, at, and against; as, an
envious man, disposition, attack; envious tongues.
My soul is envious of mine eye. Keble.
Neither be thou envious at the wicked. Prov. xxiv. 19.
3. Inspiring envy. [Obs. or Poetic]
He to him leapt, and that same envious gage Of victor's glory from
him snatched away. Spenser.
4. Excessively careful; cautious. [Obs.]
No men are so envious of their health. Jer. Taylor.
-- En"vi*ous*ly, adv. -- En"vi*ous*ness, n.
Environ
En*vi"ron (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Environed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Environing.] [F. environner, fr. environ about, thereabout; pref. en-
(L. in) + OF. viron circle, circuit, fr. OF. & F. virer to turn, LL.
virare to turn up and down, topsy-turvy. Cf. Veer.] To surround; to
encompass; to encircle; to hem in; to be round about; to involve or
envelop.
Dwelling in a pleasant glade, With mountains round about environed.
Spenser.
Environed he was with many foes. Shak.
Environ me with darkness whilst I write. Donne.
Environ
En*vi"ron, adv. [F.] About; around. [Obs.]
Lord Godfrey's eye three times environ goes. Fairfax.
Environment
En*vi"ron*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. environnement.]
1. Act of environing; state of being environed.
2. That which environs or surrounds; surrounding conditions,
influences, or forces, by which living forms are influenced and
modified in their growth and development.
It is no friendly environment, this of thine. Carlyle.
Environs
En*vi"rons (?; 277), n. pl. [F.] The parts or places which surround
another place, or lie in its neighborhood; suburbs; as, the environs
of a city or town. Chesterfield.
Envisage
En*vis"age (?; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Envisaged (?; 48); p. pr. &
vb. n. Envisaging (?).] [F. envisager; pref. en- (L. in) + visage
face, visage. See Visage.] To look in the face of; to apprehend; to
regard. [R.] Keats.
From the very dawn of existence the infant must envisage self, and
body acting on self. McCosh.
Envisagement
En*vis"age*ment (?), n. The act of envisaging.
Envolume
En*vol"ume (?), v. t. To form into, or incorporate with, a volume.
[R.]
Envolup
En*vol"up (?), v. t. [See Envelop.] To wrap up; to envelop. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Envoy
En"voy (?), n. [F. envoy\'82 envoy, fr. envoyer to send; pref. en- (L.
in) + voie way, L. via: cf. F. envoi an envoy (in sense 2). See
Voyage, and cf. Invoice.]
1. One dispatched upon an errand or mission; a messenger; esp., a
person deputed by a sovereign or a government to negotiate a treaty,
or transact other business, with a foreign sovereign or government; a
minister accredited to a foreign government. An envoy's rank is below
that of an ambassador.
2. [F. envoi, fr. envoyer to send.] An explanatory or commendatory
postscript to a poem, essay, or book; -- also in the French from,
l'envoi.
The envoy of a ballad is the "sending" of it forth. Skeat.
Envoyship
En"voy*ship, n. The office or position of an envoy.
Envy
En"vy (?), n.; pl. Envies (#). [F. envie, L. invidia envious; akin to
invidere to look askance at, to look with enmity; in against + videre
to see. See Vision.]
1. Malice; ill will; spite. [Obs.]
If he evade us there, Enforce him with his envy to the people.
Shak.
2. Chagrin, mortification, discontent, or uneasiness at the sight of
another's excellence or good fortune, accompanied with some degree of
hatred and a desire to possess equal advantages; malicious grudging;
-- usually followed by of; as, they did this in envy of C\'91sar.
Envy is a repining at the prosperity or good of another, or anger
and displeasure at any good of another which we want, or any
advantage another hath above us. Ray.
No bliss Enjoyed by us excites his envy more. Milton.
Envy, to which the ignoble mind's a slave, Is emulation in the
learned or brave. Pope.
3. Emulation; rivalry. [Obs.]
Such as cleanliness and decency Prompt to a virtuous envy. Ford.
4. Public odium; ill repute. [Obs.]
To lay the envy of the war upon Cicero. B. Jonson.
5. An object of envious notice or feeling.
This constitution in former days used to be the envy of the world.
Macaulay.
Envy
En"vy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Envied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Envying.] [F.
envier.]
1. To feel envy at or towards; to be envious of; to have a feeling of
uneasiness or mortification in regard to (any one), arising from the
sight of another's excellence or good fortune and a longing to possess
it.
A woman does not envy a man for his fighting courage, nor a man a
woman for her beauty. Collier.
Whoever envies another confesses his superiority. Rambler.
2. To feel envy on account of; to have a feeling of grief or repining,
with a longing to possess (some excellence or good fortune of another,
or an equal good fortune, etc.); to look with grudging upon; to
begrudge.
I have seen thee fight, When I have envied thy behavior. Shak.
Jeffrey . . . had actually envied his friends their cool mountain
breezes. Froude.
3. To long after; to desire strongly; to covet.
Or climb his knee the envied kiss to share. T. Gray.
4. To do harm to; to injure; to disparage. [Obs.]
If I make a lie To gain your love and envy my best mistress, Put me
against a wall. J. Fletcher.
5. To hate. [Obs.] Marlowe.
6. To emulate. [Obs.] Spenser.
Envy
En"vy (?), v. i.
1. To be filled with envious feelings; to regard anything with
grudging and longing eyes; -- used especially with at.
Who would envy at the prosperity of the wicked? Jer. Taylor.
2. To show malice or ill will; to rail. [Obs.] "He has . . . envied
against the people." Shak.
Envyned
En*vyned" (?), a. [OF. enviner to store with wine; pref. en- (L. in) +
vin wine. See Vine.] Stored or furnished with wine. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Enwall
En*wall" (?), v. t. See Inwall. Sir P. Sidney.
Enwallow
En*wal"low (?), v. t. To plunge into, or roll in, flith; to wallow.
So now all three one senseless lump remain, Enwallowed in his own
black bloody gore. Spenser.
Enwheel
En*wheel" (?), v. t. To encircle. Shak.
Enwiden
En*wid"en (?), v. t. To widen. [Obs.]
Enwind
En*wind" (?), v. t. To wind about; to encircle.
In the circle of his arms Enwound us both. Tennyson.
Enwoman
En*wom"an (?), v. t. To endow with the qualities of a woman. [R.]
Daniel.
Enwomb
En*womb" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enwombed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enwombing.]
1. To conceive in the womb. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To bury, as it were in a womb; to hide, as in a gulf, pit, or
cavern. Donne.
Enwrap
En*wrap" (?), v. t. To envelop. See Inwrap.
Enwrapment
En*wrap"ment (?), n. Act of enwrapping; a wrapping or an envelope.
Shuckford.
Enwreathe
En*wreathe" (?), v. t. See Inwreathe. Shelton.
Enzo\'94tic
En`zo*\'94t"ic (?), a. [Gr. enzo\'94tique.] Afflicting animals; --
used of a disease affecting the animals of a district. It corresponds
to an endemic disease among men.
Enzyme
En"zyme (?), n. [Pref. en- (Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) An unorganized or
unformed ferment, in distinction from an organized or living ferment;
a soluble, or chemical, ferment. Ptyalin, pepsin, diastase, and rennet
are good examples of enzymes.
Eocene
E"o*cene (?), a. [Gr. (Geol.) Pertaining to the first in time of the
three subdivisions into which the Tertiary formation is divided by
geologists, and alluding to the approximation in its life to that of
the present era; as, Eocene deposits. -- n. The Eocene formation.
Lyell.
Eolian
E*o"li*an (?), a. [See \'92olian.]
1. \'92olian.
2. (Geol.) Formed, or deposited, by the action of wind, as dunes.
Eolian attachment, Eolian harp. See \'92olian.
Eolic
E*ol"ic (?), a. & n. See \'92olic.
Eolipile
E*ol"i*pile (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82olipyle.] Same as \'92olipile.
Eolis
E"o*lis (?), n. [L. Aeolis a daughter of \'92olus, Gr. A'ioli`s.]
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of nudibranch mollusks having clusters of branchial
papill\'91 along the back. See Ceratobranchia. [Written also
\'92olis.]
Eon, \'92on
E"on (?), \'92"on (?), n. [L. aeon, fr. Gr. a'iwn space or period of
time, lifetime, age; akin to L. aevum. See Age.]
1. An immeasurable or infinite space of time; eternity; a long space
of time; an age.
The eons of geological time. Huxley.
2. (Gnostic Philos.) One of the embodiments of the divine attributes
of the Eternal Being.
Among the higher \'92ons are Mind, Reason, Power, Truth, and Life.
Am. Cyc.
NOTE: &hand; Eo ns we re co nsidered to be emanations sent forth by
God from the depths of His grand solitude to fulfill various
functions in the material and spiritual universe.
Eophyte
E"o*phyte (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) A fossil plant which is found in the
lowest beds of the Silurian age.
Eophytic
E`o*phyt"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to eophytes.
Eos
E"os (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. 'Hw`s.] (Gr. Myth.) Aurora, the goddess of
morn.
Eosaurus
E`o*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'hw`s dawn + say^ros lizard.]
(Paleon.) An extinct marine reptile from the coal measures of Nova
Scotia; -- so named because supposed to be of the earliest known
reptiles.
Eosin
E"o*sin (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A yellow or brownish red dyestuff
obtained by the action of bromine on fluoresce\'8bn, and named from
the fine rose-red which it imparts to silk. It is also used for making
a fine red ink. Its solution is fluorescent.
Eosphorite
E*os"pho*rite (?), n. [From Gr. (Min.) A hydrous phosphate of alumina
and manganese. It is generally of a rose-pink color, -- whence the
name.
Eozoic
E`o*zo"ic (?), a. [See Eozo\'94n.] (Geol.) Of or pertaining to rocks
or strata older than the Paleozoic, in many of which the eozo\'94n has
been found.
NOTE: &hand; Th is te rm ha s been proposed for the strata formerly
called Azoic, and is preferred especially by those geologists who
regard the eozo\'94n as of organic origin. See Arch\'91an.
Eozo\'94n
E`o*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Eozo\'94ns (#), L. Eozoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
'hw`s dawn + zw^,on an animal.] (Paleon.) A peculiar structure found
in the Arch\'91an limestones of Canada and other regions. By some
geologists it is believed to be a species of gigantic Foraminifera,
but others consider it a concretion, without organic structure. <--p.
500 -->
_________________________________________________________________
Page 500
Eozo\'94nal
E`o*zo"\'94n*al (?), a. (Paleon.) Pertaining to the eozo\'94n;
containing eozo\'94ns; as, eozo\'94nal limestone.
Ep-
Ep- (?). [Gr. See Epi-.
Epacris
Ep"a*cris (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs, natives of
Australia, New Zealand, etc., having pretty white, red, or purple
blossoms, and much resembling heaths.
Epact
E"pact (?), n. [F. \'82pacte, fr. Gr. Epi-, and Act.] (Chron.) The
moon's age at the beginning of the calendar year, or the number of
days by which the last new moon has preceded the beginning of the
year. Annual epact, the excess of the solar year over the lunar year,
-- being eleven days. -- Menstrual epact, OR Monthly epact, the excess
of a calendar month over a lunar.
Epagoge
Ep`a*go"ge (?), n. [L., from Gr. Epact.] (Logic) The adducing of
particular examples so as to lead to a universal conclusion; the
argument by induction.
Epagogic
Ep`a*gog"ic (?), a. Inductive. Latham.
Epalate
E*pal"ate (?), a. [Pref. e- + palpus.] (Zo\'94l.) Without palpi.
Epanadiplosis
Ep*an`a*di*plo"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by which the
same word is used both at the beginning and at the end of a sentence;
as, "Rejoice in the Lord always: and again I say, Rejoice." Phil. iv.
4.
Epanalepsis
Ep*an`a*lep"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by which the
same word or clause is repeated after intervening matter. Gibbs.
Epanaphora
Ep`a*naph"o*ra (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) Same as Anaphora. Gibbs.
Epanastrophe
Ep`a*nas"tro*phe (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Rhet.) Same as Anadiplosis.
Gibbs.
Epanodos
E*pan"o*dos (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure of speech in which
the parts of a sentence or clause are repeated in inverse order, as in
the following: --
O more exceeding love, or law more just? Just law, indeed, but more
exceeding love! Milton.
Epanody
E*pan"o*dy (?), n. [See Epanodos.] (Bot.) The abnormal change of an
irregular flower to a regular form; -- considered by evolutionists to
be a reversion to an ancestral condition.
Epanorthosis
Ep`an*or*tho"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. A figure by which a speaker
recalls a word or words, in order to substitute something else
stronger or more significant; as, Most brave! Brave, did I say? most
heroic act!
Epanthous
Ep*an"thous (?), a. [Pref. ep- + Gr. (Bot.) Growing upon flowers; --
said of certain species of fungi.
Eparch
Ep"arch (?), n. [Gr. In ancient Greece, the governor or perfect of a
province; in modern Greece, the ruler of an eparchy.
Eparchy
Ep"arch*y (?), n. [Gr. A province, prefecture, or territory, under the
jurisdiction of an eparch or governor; esp., in modern Greece, one of
the larger subdivisions of a monarchy or province of the kingdom; in
Russia, a diocese or archdiocese.
Eparterial
Ep`ar*te"ri*al (?), a. [Pref. ep- + arterial.] (Anat.) Situated upon
or above an artery; -- applied esp. to the branches of the bronchi
given off above the point where the pulmonary artery crosses the
bronchus.
Epaule
E*paule" (?), n. [F. \'82paule shoulder, shoulder of a bastion. See
Epaulet, and cf. Spall the shoulder.] (Fort.) The shoulder of a
bastion, or the place where its face and flank meet and form the
angle, called the angle of the shoulder.
Epaulement
E*paule"ment (?), n. [F. \'82paulement.] (Fort.) A side work, made of
gabions, fascines, or bags, filled with earth, or of earth heaped up,
to afford cover from the flanking fire of an enemy.
Epaulet, Epaulette
Ep"au*let`, Ep"au*lette` (?), n. [F. \'82paulette, dim. of \'82paule
shoulder, fr. L. spatula a broad piece (LL., shoulder), dim. of spatha
abroad, flat instrument, fr. Gr. Spade the instrument, and cf. Epaule,
Spatula.] (Mil.) A shoulder ornament or badge worn by military and
naval officers, differences of rank being marked by some peculiar form
or device, as a star, eagle, etc.; a shoulder knot.
NOTE: &hand; In th e United States service the epaulet is reserved
for full dress uniform. Its use was abolished in the British army
in 1855.
Epauleted, Epauletted
Ep"au*let`ed, Ep"au*let`ted, a. Wearing epaulets; decorated with
epaulets.
Epaxial
Ep*ax"i*al (?), a. [Pref. ep- + axial.] (Anat.) Above, or on the
dorsal side of, the axis of the skeleton; episkeletal.
Epeira
E*pei"ra (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of spiders, including the
common garden spider (E. diadema). They spin geometrical webs. See
Garden spider.
Epen
Ep"en (?), n. (Anat.) See Epencephalon.
Epencephalic
Ep`en*ce*phal"ic (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Pertaining to the epencephalon.
(b) Situated on or over the brain.
Epencephalon
Ep`en*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The segment of the
brain next behind the midbrain, including the cerebellum and pons; the
hindbrain. Sometimes abbreviated to epen.
Ependyma
Ep*en"dy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The epithelial lining of the
ventricles of the brain and the canal of the spinal cord; endyma;
ependymis.
Ependymis
Ep*en"dy*mis (?), n. [NL.] See Ependyma.
Epenetic
Ep`e*net"ic (?), a. [Gr. Bestowing praise; eulogistic; laudatory.
[Obs.] E. Phillips.
Epenthesis
E*pen"the*sis (?), n.; pl. Epentheses (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.) The
insertion of a letter or a sound in the body of a word; as, the b in
"nimble" from AS. n&emac;mol.
Epenthetic
Ep`en*thet"ic (?), a. [Gr. \'82penth\'82tique.] (Gram.) Inserted in
the body of a word; as, an epenthetic letter or sound.
\'90pergne
\'90`pergne" (?), n. [F. \'82pargne a sparing or saving; a treasury.
"Our \'82pergne is a little treasury of sweetmeats, fruits, and
flowers." Brewer.] A centerpiece for table decoration, usually
consisting of several dishes or receptacles of different sizes grouped
together in an ornamental design.
\'90perlan
\'90`per`lan" (?), n. [F. \'82perlan, fr. G. spierling. See Sparling.]
(Zo\'94l.) The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
Epexegesis
Ep*ex`e*ge"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Exegesis.] A full or additional
explanation; exegesis.
Epexegetical
Ep*ex`e*get"ic*al (?), a. Relating to epexegesis; explanatory;
exegetical.
Ephah, OR Epha
E"phah (?), OR E"pha, n. [Heb. A Hebrew dry measure, supposed to be
equal to two pecks and five quarts. ten ephahs make one homer.
Ephemera
E*phem"e*ra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Med.) A fever of one day's continuance only.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of insects including the day flies, or ephemeral
flies. See Ephemeral fly, under Ephemeral.
Ephemeral
E*phem"er*al (?), a.
1. Beginning and ending in a day; existing only, or no longer than, a
day; diurnal; as, an ephemeral flower.
2. Short-lived; existing or continuing for a short time only.
"Ephemeral popularity." V. Knox.
Sentences not of ephemeral, but of eternal, efficacy. Sir J.
Stephen.
Ephemeral fly (Zo\'94l.), one of a group of neuropterous insects,
belonging to the genus Ephemera and many allied genera, which live in
the adult or winged state only for a short time. The larv\'91 are
aquatic; -- called also day fly and May fly.
Ephemeral
E*phem"er*al, n. Anything lasting but a day, or a brief time; an
ephemeral plant, insect, etc.
Ephemeran
E*phem"er*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the ephemeral flies.
Ephemeric
E*phem"e*ric (?), a. Ephemeral.
Ephemeris
E*phem"e*ris (?), n.; pl. Ephemerides (#). [L., a diary, Gr.
Ephemera.]
1. A diary; a journal. Johnson.
2. (Anat.) (a) A publication giving the computed places of the
heavenly bodies for each day of the year, with other numerical data,
for the use of the astronomer and navigator; an astronomical almanac;
as, the "American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac." (b) Any tabular
statement of the assigned places of a heavenly body, as a planet or
comet, on several successive days.
3. (Literature) A collective name for reviews, magazines, and all
kinds of periodical literature. Brande & C.
Ephemerist
E*phem"er*ist (?), n.
1. One who studies the daily motions and positions of the planets.
Howell.
2. One who keeps an ephemeris; a journalist.
Ephemeron
E*phem"e*ron (?), n.; pl. Ephemera (#). [NL. See Ephemera.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of the ephemeral flies.
Ephemerous
E*phem"er*ous (?), a. Ephemeral. [R.] Burke.
Ephesian
E*phe"sian (?; 106), a. [L. Ephesius: cf. F. \'82ph\'82sien.] Of or
pertaining to Ephesus, an ancient city of Ionia, in Asia Minor.
Ephesian
E*phe"sian, n.
1. A native of Ephesus.
2. A jolly companion; a roisterer. [Obs.] Shak.
Ephialtes
Eph`i*al"tes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. The nightmare. Brande & C.
Ephippial
E*phip"pi*al (?), a. Saddle-shaped; occupying an ephippium. Dana.
Ephippium
E*phip"pi*um (?), n. [L., saddle cloth, fr. Gr.
1. (Anat.) A depression in the sphenoid bone; the pituitary fossa.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A saddle-shaped cavity to contain the winter eggs,
situated on the back of Cladocera.
Ephod
Eph"od (?), n. [Heb. \'bephad to put on.] (Jew. Antiq.) A part of the
sacerdotal habit among Jews, being a covering for the back and breast,
held together on the shoulders by two clasps or brooches of onyx
stones set in gold, and fastened by a girdle of the same stuff as the
ephod. The ephod for the priests was of plain linen; that for the high
priest was richly embroidered in colors. The breastplate of the high
priest was worn upon the ephod in front. Exodus xxviii. 6-12.
Ephor
Eph"or (?), n.; pl. Ephors (#), L. Ephori (#). [L. ephorus, Gr.
\'82phore.] (Gr. Antiq.) A magistrate; one of a body of five
magistrates chosen by the people of ancient Sparta. They exercised
control even over the king.
Ephoral
Eph"or*al (?), a. Pertaining to an ephor.
Ephoralty
Eph"or*al*ty (?), n. The office of an ephor, or the body of ephors.
Ephraim
E"phra*im (?), n. [The proper name.] (Zo\'94l.) A hunter's name for
the grizzly bear.
Ephyra
Eph"y*ra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A stage in the development
of discophorous medus\'91, when they first begin to swim about after
being detached from the strobila. See Strobila.
Epi-
Ep"i- (?). [Gr. api besides, and prob. to L. ob to, before, on account
of, and perh. to E. of, off.] A prefix, meaning upon, beside, among,
on the outside, above, over. It becomes ep- before a vowel, as in
epoch, and eph- before a Greek aspirate, as in ephemeral.
Epiblast
Ep"i*blast (?), n. [Pref. epi- + -blast.] (Biol.) The outer layer of
the blastoderm; the ectoderm. See Blastoderm, Delamination.
Epiblastic
Ep`i*blas"tic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or relating to, or consisting of, the
epiblast.
Epiblema
Ep`i*ble"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The epidermal cells of
rootlets, specially adapted to absorb liquids. Goodale.
Epibolic
Ep`i*bol"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Growing or covering over; -- said of
a kind of invagination. See under Invagination.
Epiboly
E*pib"o*ly (?), n. [Cf. Gr. (Biol.) Epibolic invagination. See under
Invagination.
Epibranchial
Ep`i*bran"chi*al (?), a. [Pref. epi- + branchial.] (Anat.) Pertaining
to the segment between the ceratobranchial and pharyngobranchial in a
branchial arch. -- n. An epibranchial cartilage or bone.
Epic
Ep"ic (?), a. [L. epicus, Gr. vox voice: cf. F. \'82pique. See Voice.]
Narrated in a grand style; pertaining to or designating a kind of
narrative poem, usually called an heroic poem, in which real or
fictitious events, usually the achievements of some hero, are narrated
in an elevated style.
The epic poem treats of one great, complex action, in a grand style
and with fullness of detail. T. Arnold.
Epic
Ep"ic, n. An epic or heroic poem. See Epic, a.
Epical
Ep"ic*al (, a. Epic. -- Ep"ic*al*ly, adv.
Poems which have an epical character. Brande & C.
His [Wordsworth's] longer poems (miscalled epical). Lowell.
Epicardiac
Ep`i*car"di*ac (?), a. (Anat.) Of or relating to the epicardium.
Epicardium
Ep`i*car"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) That of the pericardium
which forms the outer surface of the heart; the cardiac pericardium.
Epicarican
Ep`i*car"i*can (?), n. [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An isopod
crustacean, parasitic on shrimps.
Epicarp
Ep"i*carp (?), [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Bot.) The external or outermost
layer of a fructified or ripened ovary. See Illust. under Endocarp.
Epicede
Ep"i*cede (?), n. [L. epicedion, Gr. \'82pic\'8ade.] A funeral song or
discourse; an elegy. [R.] Donne.
Epicedial
Ep`i*ce"di*al (?), a. Elegiac; funereal.
Epicedian
Ep`i*ce"di*an (?), a. Epicedial. -- n. An epicede.
Epicedium
Ep`i*ce"di*um (?), n. [L.] An epicede.
Epicene
Ep"i*cene (?), a. & n. [L. epicoenus, Gr. \'82pic\'8ane.]
1. Common to both sexes; -- a term applied, in grammar, to such nouns
as have but one form of gender, either the masculine or feminine, to
indicate animals of both sexes; as bos
, for the ox and cow; sometimes applied to eunuchs and hermaphrodites.
2. Fig.: Sexless; neither one thing nor the other.
The literary prigs epicene. Prof. Wilson.
He represented an epicene species, neither churchman nor layman. J.
A. Symonds.
Epicentral
Ep`i*cen"tral (?), a. [Pref. epi- + centrum.] (Anat.) Arising from the
centrum of a vertebra. Owen.
Epicerastic
Ep`i*ce*ras"tic (?), a. [Gr. \'82pic\'82rastique.] (Med.) Lenient;
assuaging. [Obs.]
Epichirema
Ep`i*chi*re"ma (?), n.; pl. Epichiremata (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet. &
Logic) A syllogism in which the proof of the major or minor premise,
or both, is introduced with the premises themselves, and the
conclusion is derived in the ordinary manner. [Written also
epicheirema.]
Epichordal
Ep`i*chor"dal (?), a. [Pref. epi- + chordal.] (Anat.) Upon or above
the notochord; -- applied esp. to a vertebral column which develops
upon the dorsal side of the notochord, as distinguished from a
perichordal column, which develops around it.
Epichorial
Ep`i*cho"ri*al (?), a. [Gr. In or of the country. [R.]
Epichorial superstitions from every district of Europe. De Quincey.
Epicleidium
Ep`i*clei"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A projection, formed by
a separate ossification, at the scapular end of the clavicle of many
birds.
Epiclinal
Ep`i*cli"nal (?), a. [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Bot.) Situated on the
receptacle or disk of a flower.
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Page 501
Epicoele
Ep"i*coele (?), n. [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.) A cavity formed by the
invagination of the outer wall of the body, as the atrium of an
amphioxus and possibly the body cavity of vertebrates.
Epicoene
Ep"i*coene (?), a. Epicene. [R.] Hadley.
Epicolic
Ep`i*col"ic (?), a. [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.) Situated upon or over
the colon; -- applied to the region of the abdomen adjacent to the
colon.
Epicondylar
Ep`i*con"dy*lar (?), n. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or resembling, an
epicondyle.
Epicondyle
Ep`i*con"dyle (?), n. [Pref. epi- + condyle.] (Anat.) A projection on
the inner side of the distal end of the numerus; the internal condyle.
Epicoracoid
Ep`i*cor"a*coid (?), n. [Pref. epi- + coracoid.] (Anat.) A ventral
cartilaginous or bony element of the coracoid in the shoulder girdle
of some vertebrates.
Epicranial
Ep`i*cra"ni*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the epicranium; as
epicranial muscles.
Epicranium
Ep`i*cra"ni*um (?), n. [NL. See Epi-, and Cranium.]
1. (Anat.) The upper and superficial part of the head, including the
scalp, muscles, etc.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The dorsal wall of the head of insects.
Epictetain
Ep`ic*te"tain (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to Epictetus, the Roman Stoic
philosopher, whose conception of life was to be passionless under
whatever circumstances.
Epicure
Ep"i*cure (?), n. [L. Epicurus, Gr.
1. A follower of Epicurus; an Epicurean. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. One devoted to dainty or luxurious sensual enjoyments, esp. to the
luxuries of the table. Syn. -- Voluptuary; sensualist.
Epicurean
Ep`i*cu*re"an (?; 277), a. [L. Epicureus, Gr. \'82picurien.]
1. Pertaining to Epicurus, or following his philosophy. "The sect
Epicurean." Milton.
2. Given to luxury; adapted to luxurious tastes; luxurious; pertaining
to good eating.
Courses of the most refined and epicurean dishes. Prescott.
Epicurean philosophy. See Atomic philosophy, under Atomic.
Epicurean
Ep`i*cu*re"an, n.
1. A follower or Epicurus.
2. One given to epicurean indulgence.
Epicureanism
Ep`i*cu*re"an*ism (?), n. Attachment to the doctrines of Epicurus; the
principles or belief of Epicurus.
Epicurely
Ep"i*cure`ly (?), adv. Luxuriously. Nash.
Epicureous
Ep`i*cu*re"ous (?), a. Epicurean. [Obs.]
Epicurism
Ep"i*cu*rism (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82picurisme.]
1. The doctrines of Epicurus.
2. Epicurean habits of living; luxury.
Epicurize
Ep"i*cu*rize (?), v. i.
1. To profess or tend towards the doctrines of Epicurus. Cudworth.
2. To feed or indulge like an epicure. Fuller.
Epicycle
Ep"i*cy`cle (?), n. [L. epicyclus, Gr. Cycle.]
1. (Ptolemaic Astron.) A circle, whose center moves round in the
circumference of a greater circle; or a small circle, whose center,
being fixed in the deferent of a planet, is carried along with the
deferent, and yet, by its own peculiar motion, carries the body of the
planet fastened to it round its proper center.
The schoolmen were like astronomers which did feign eccentries, and
epicycles, and such engines of orbs. Bacon.
2. (Mech.) A circle which rolls on the circumference of another
circle, either externally or internally.
Epicyclic
Ep`i*cyc"lic (?), a. Pertaining to, resembling, or having the motion
of, an epicycle. Epicyclic train (Mach.), a train of mechanism in
which epicyclic motion is involved; esp., a train of spur wheels,
bevel wheels, or belt pulleys, in which an arm, carrying one or more
of the wheels, sweeps around a center lying in an axis common to the
other wheels.
Epicycloid
Ep`i*cy"cloid (?), n. [Epicycle + -oid: cf. F. \'82picyclo\'8bde.]
(Geom.) A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle
which rolls on the convex side of a fixed circle.
NOTE: &hand; An y po int rigidly connected with the rolling circle,
but not in its circumference, traces a curve called an epitrochoid.
The curve traced by a point in the circumference of the rolling
circle when it rolls on the concave side of a fixed circle is
called a hypocycloid; the curve traced by a point rigidly connected
with the rolling circle in this case, but not its circumference, is
called a hypotrochoid. All the curves mentioned above belong to the
class class called roulettes or trochoids. See Trochoid.
Epicycloidal
Ep`i*cy*cloid"al (?), a. Pertaining to the epicycloid, or having its
properties. Epicycloidal wheel, a device for producing straight-line
motion from circular motion, on the principle that a pin fastened in
the periphery of a gear wheel will describe a straight line when the
wheel rolls around inside a fixed internal gear of twice its diameter.
Epideictic
Ep`i*deic"tic (?), a. [Gr. Epidictic.] Serving to show forth, explain,
or exhibit; -- applied by the Greeks to a kind of oratory, which, by
full amplification, seeks to persuade.
Epidemic, Epidemical
Ep`i*dem"ic (?), Ep`i*dem"ic*al (?), a. [L. epidemus, Gr.
\'82pid\'82mique. Cf. Demagogue.]
1. (Med.) Common to, or affecting at the same time, a large number in
a community; -- applied to a disease which, spreading widely, attacks
many persons at the same time; as, an epidemic disease; an epidemic
catarrh, fever, etc. See Endemic.
2. Spreading widely, or generally prevailing; affecting great numbers,
as an epidemic does; as, epidemic rage; an epidemic evil.
It was the epidemical sin of the nation. Bp. Burnet.
Epidemic
Ep`i*dem"ic (?), n. [Cf. Epidemy.]
1. (Med.) An epidemic disease.
2. Anything which takes possession of the minds of people as an
epidemic does of their bodies; as, an epidemic of terror.
Epidemically
Ep`i*dem"ic*al*ly, adv. In an epidemic manner.
Epidemiography
Ep`i*de`mi*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Epidemy + -graphy.] (Med.) A treatise
upon, or history of, epidemic diseases.
Epidemiological
Ep`i*de`mi*o*log"ic*al (?), a. Connected with, or pertaining to,
epidemiology.
Epidemiologist
Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gist (?), n. A person skilled in epidemiology.
Epidemiology
Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Epidemy + -logy.] (Med.) That branch of
science which treats of epidemics.
Epidemy
Ep"i*dem`y (?), n. [Gr. \'82pid\'82mie. See Epidemic.] (Med.) An
epidemic disease. Dunglison.
Epiderm
Ep"i*derm (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82piderme. See Epidermis.] (Anat.) The
epidermis.
Epidermal
Ep`i*der"mal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the epidermis; epidermic;
cuticular.
Epidermatic
Ep`i*der*mat"ic (?), a. Epidermal. [R.]
Epidermatoid
Ep`i*der"ma*toid (?), a. [Gr. -oid. Cf. Epidermoid.] (Anat.)
Epidermoid. Owen.
Epidermeous
Ep`i*der"me*ous (?), a. Epidermal. [R.]
Epidermic
Ep`i*der"mic (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82pidermique.] Epidermal; connected
with the skin or the bark. Epidermic administration of medicine
(Med.), the application of medicine to the skin by friction.
Epidermical
Ep`i*der"mic*al (?), a. Epidermal. [R.]
Epidermidal
Ep`i*der"mi*dal (?), a. Epidermal. [R.]
Epidermis
Ep`i*der"mis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Tear, v. t.]
1. (Anat.) The outer, nonsensitive layer of the skin; cuticle;
scarfskin. See Dermis.
2. (Bot.) The outermost layer of the cells, which covers both surfaces
of leaves, and also the surface of stems, when they are first formed.
As stems grow old this layer is lost, and never replaced.
Epidermoid
Ep`i*der"moid (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82pidermo\'8bde.] (Anat.) Like
epidermis; pertaining to the epidermis.
Epidermose
Ep`i*der"mose (?), n. [See Epidermis.] (Physiol. Chem.) Keratin.
Epidictic, Epidictical
Ep`i*dic"tic (?), Ep`i*dic"tic*al (?), a. [L. epidictius. See
Epideictic.] Serving to explain; demonstrative.
Epididymis
Ep`i*did"y*mis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) An oblong vermiform mass
on the dorsal side of the testicle, composed of numerous convolutions
of the excretory duct of that organ. -- Ep`i*did"y*mal (#), a.
Epididymitis
Ep`i*did`y*mi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Epididymis, and -itis.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the epididymis, one of the common results of
gonorrhea.
Epidote
Ep"i*dote (?), n. [Gr. \'82pidote. So named from the enlargement of
the base of the primary, in some of the secondary forms.] (Min.) A
mineral, commonly of a yellowish green (pistachio) color, occurring
granular, massive, columnar, and in monoclinic crystals. It is a
silicate of alumina, lime, and oxide of iron, or manganese.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Ep idote group includes ordinary epidote, zoisite
or lime epidote, piedmontite or manganese epidote, allanite or
serium epidote.
Epidotic
Ep`i*dot"ic (?),, a. Related to, resembling, or containing epidote;
as, an epidotic granite.
Epig\'91a
Ep`i*g\'91"a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) An American genus of plants,
containing but a single species (E. repens), the trailing arbutus.
Epig\'91ous
Ep`i*g\'91"ous (?), a. [Gr. Epig\'91a, and cf. Epigee.] (Bot.) Growing
on, or close to, the ground.
Epigastrial
Ep`i*gas"tri*al (?), a. (Anat.) Epigastric.
Epigastric
Ep`i*gas"tric (?), a. [Gr. \'82pigastrique.]
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to the epigastrium, or to the epigastric region.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Over the stomach; -- applied to two of the areas of the
carapace of crabs.
Epigastric region. (Anat.) (a) The whole upper part of the abdomen.
(b) An arbitrary division of the abdomen above the umbilical and
between the two hypochondriac regions.
Epigastrium
Ep`i*gas"tri*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The upper part of the
abdomen.
Epigeal
Ep`i*ge"al (?), a. (Bot.) Epig\'91ous. [R.]
Epigee
Ep"i*gee (?), n. [NL. epigeum, fr. Gr. Epig\'91a.] See Perigee. [Obs.]
Epigene
Ep"i*gene (?), a. [Pref. epi- + Gr.
1. (Crystallog.) Foreign; unnatural; unusual; -- said of forms of
crystals not natural to the substances in which they are found.
2. (Geol.) Formed originating on the surface of the earth; -- opposed
to hypogene; as, epigene rocks.
Epigenesis
Ep`i*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Pref. epi- + genesis.] (Biol.) The theory of
generation which holds that the germ is created entirely new, not
merely expanded, by the procreative power of the parents. It is
opposed to the theory of evolution, also to syngenesis.
Epigenesist
Ep`i*gen"e*sist (?), n. (Biol.) One who believes in, or advocates the
theory of, epigenesis.
Epigenetic
Ep`i*ge*net"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the epigenesis; produced
according to the theory of epigenesis.
Epigeous
Ep`i*ge"ous (?), a. Same as Epig\'91ous.
Epigeum
Ep*i*ge"um (?), n. [NL. See Epigee.] See Perigee. [Obs.]
Epiglottic
Ep`i*glot"tic (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or connected with, the
epiglottis.
Epiglottidean
Ep`i*glot*tid"e*an (?), a. (Anat.) Same as Epiglottic.
Epiglottis
Ep`i*glot"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Glottis.] (Anat.) A cartilaginous
lidlike appendage which closes the glottis while food or drink is
passing while food or drink is passing through the pharynx.
Epignathous
E*pig"na*thous (?), a. [Epi- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Hook-billed; having the
upper mandible longer than the lower.
Epigram
Ep"i*gram (?), n. [L. epigramma, fr. Gr. \'82pigramme. See Graphic.]
1. A short poem treating concisely and pointedly of a single thought
or event. The modern epigram is so contrived as to surprise the reader
with a witticism or ingenious turn of thought, and is often satirical
in character.
Dost thou think I care for a satire or an epigram? Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Ep igrams we re or iginally in scription on to mbs,
statues, temples, triumphal arches, etc.
2. An effusion of wit; a bright thought tersely and sharply expressed,
whether in verse or prose.
3. The style of the epigram.
Antithesis, i. e., bilateral stroke, is the soul of epigram in its
later and technical signification. B. Cracroft.
Epigrammatic, Epigrammatical
Ep`i*gram*mat"ic (?), Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al (?),[L. epigrammaticus: cf.
F. \'82pigrammatique.]
1. Writing epigrams; dealing in epigrams; as, an epigrammatical poet.
2. Suitable to epigrams; belonging to epigrams; like an epigram;
pointed; piquant; as, epigrammatic style, wit, or sallies of fancy.
Epigrammatically
Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. In the way of epigram; in an epigrammatic
style.
Epigrammatist
Ep`i*gram"ma*tist (?), n. [L. epigrammatista: cf. F.
\'82pigrammatiste.] One who composes epigrams, or makes use of them.
The brisk epigrammatist showing off his own cleverness. Holmes.
Epigrammatize
Ep`i*gram"ma*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Epigrammatized (?); p. pr.
& vb. n. Epigrammatizing (?).] To represent by epigrams; to express by
epigrams.
Epigrammatizer
Ep`i*gram"ma*ti`zer (?), n. One who writes in an affectedly pointed
style.
Epigrammatizers of our English prose style. Coleridge.
Epigrammist
Ep"i*gram`mist (?), n. An epigrammatist. Jer. Taylor.
Epigraph
Ep"i*graph (?), n. [Gr. \'82pigraphe. See Epigram.]
1. Any inscription set upon a building; especially, one which has to
do with the building itself, its founding or dedication.
2. (Literature) A citation from some author, or a sentence framed for
the purpose, placed at the beginning of a work or of its separate
divisions; a motto.
Epigraphic, Epigraphical
Ep`i*graph"ic (?), Ep`i*graph"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
epigraphs or to epigraphy; as, an epigraphic style; epigraphical works
or studies.
Epigraphics
Ep`i*graph"ics (?), n. The science or study of epigraphs.
Epigraphist
E*pig"ra*phist (?), n. A student of, or one versed in, epigraphy.
Epigraphy
E*pig"ra*phy (?), n. The science of inscriptions; the art of engraving
inscriptions or of deciphering them.
Epigynous
E*pig"y*nous (?), a. [Pref. epi- + Gr. \'82pigyne.] (Bot.) Adnate to
the surface of the ovary, so as to be apparently inserted upon the top
of it; -- said of stamens, petals, sepals, and also of the disk.
Epihyal
Ep`i*hy"al (?), n. [Pref. epi- + the Greek letter (Anat.) A segment
next above the ceratohyal in the hyoidean arch.
Epilepsy
Ep"i*lep`sy (?), n. [L. epilepsia, Gr. \'82pilepsie. Cf. Catalepsy.]
(Med.) The "falling sickness," so called because the patient falls
suddenly to the ground; a disease characterized by paroxysms (or fits)
occurring at interval and attended by sudden loss of consciousness,
and convulsive motions of the muscles. Dunglison.
Epileptic
Ep`i*lep"tic (?), a. [L. epilepticus, Gr. \'82pileptique.] Pertaining
to, affected with, or of the nature of, epilepsy.
Epileptic
Ep`i*lep"tic, n.
1. One affected with epilepsy.
2. A medicine for the cure of epilepsy.
Epileptical
Ep`i*lep"tic*al (?), a. Epileptic.
Epileptiform
Ep`i*lep"ti*form (?), a. Resembling epilepsy.
Epileptogenous
Ep`i*lep*tog"e*nous (?), a. [Gr. -genous.] (Med.) Producing epilepsy
or epileptoid convulsions; -- applied to areas of the body or of the
nervous system, stimulation of which produces convulsions.
Epileptoid
Ep`i*lep"toid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Med.) Resembling epilepsy; as,
epileptoid convulsions.
Epilogation
Ep`i*lo*ga"tion (?), n. [LL. epilogatio.] A summing up in a brief
account. [Obs.] Udall.
Epilogic, Epilogical
Ep`i*log"ic (?), Ep`i*log"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to an
epilogue.
Epilogism
E*pil"o*gism (?), n. [Gr. Epilogue.] Enumeration; computation. [R.] J.
Gregory.
Epilogistic
Ep`i*lo*gis"tic (?), a. [Cf. Gr. Epilogism.] Of or pertaining to
epilogue; of the nature of an epilogue. T. Warton. \'3c-- p. 502
--\'3e
Epilogize
E*pil"o*gize (?), v. i. & t. [See Epilogism.] To speak an epilogue to;
to utter as an epilogue.
Epilogue
Ep"i*logue (?; 115), n. [F. \'82pilogue, L. epilogus, fr. Gr. Legend.]
1. (Drama) A speech or short poem addressed to the spectators and
recited by one of the actors, after the conclusion of the play.
A good play no epilogue, yet . . . good plays prove the better by
the help of good epilogues. Shak.
2. (Rhet.) The closing part of a discourse, in which the principal
matters are recapitulated; a conclusion.
Epiloguize
Ep"i*lo*guize (?), v. i. & t. Same as Epilogize.
Epimachus
E*pim"a*chus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of highly ornate
and brilliantly colored birds of Australia, allied to the birds of
Paradise.
Epimera
E*pim"e*ra (?), n. pl. See Epimeron.
Epimeal
E*pim"e*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the epimera.
Epimere
Ep"i*mere (?), n. [Epi- + -mere.] (Biol.) One of the segments of the
transverse axis, or the so called homonymous parts; as, for example,
one of the several segments of the extremities in vertebrates, or one
of the similar segments in plants, such as the segments of a segmented
leaf. Syd. Soc. Lex.
Epimeron
E*pim"e*ron (?), n.; pl. Epimera (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) In
crustaceans: The part of the side of a somite external to the basal
joint of each appendage. See Illust. under Crustacea. (b) In insects:
The lateral piece behind the episternum. [Written also epimerum.]
Epinastic
Ep`i*nas"tic (?), a. [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Physiol.) A term applied to
that phase of vegetable growth in which an organ grows more rapidly on
its upper than on its under surface. See Hyponastic.
Epineural
Ep`i*neu"ral (?), a. [Pref. epi- + neural.] (Anat.) Arising from the
neurapophysis of a vertebra.
Epineurium
Ep`i*neu"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The connective tissue
framework and sheath of a nerve which bind together the nerve bundles,
each of which has its own special sheath, or perineurium.
Epinglette
Ep`in*glette" (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) An iron needle for piercing the
cartridge of a cannon before priming.
Epinicial
Ep`i*ni"cial (?), a. [See Epinicion.] Relating to victory. "An
epinicial song." T. Warton.
Epinicion
Ep`i*ni"cion (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. epinicium.] A song of triumph.
[Obs.] T. Warton.
Epinikian
Ep`i*nik"i*an (?), a. Epinicial.
Epiornis
Ep`i*or"nis (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. \'82piornis. See \'92pyornis.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of the gigantic ostrichlike birds of the genus
\'92piornis, only recently extinct. Its remains have been found in
Madagascar. [Written also \'92pyornis.]
Epiotic
Ep`i*o"tic (?), n. [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.) The upper and outer
element of periotic bone, -- in man forming a part of the temporal
bone.
Epipedometry
Ep`i*pe*dom"e*try (?), n. [Gr. -metry.] (Geom.) The mensuration of
figures standing on the same base. [Obs.]
Epiperipheral
Ep`i*pe*riph"er*al (?), a. [Pref. epi- + peripheral.] (Physiol.)
Connected with, or having its origin upon, the external surface of the
body; -- especially applied to the feelings which originate at the
extremities of nerves distributed on the outer surface, as the
sensation produced by touching an object with the finger; -- opposed
to entoperipheral. H. Spenser.
Epipetalous
Ep`i*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Pref. epi- + petal.] (Bot.) Borne on the
petals or corolla.
Epiphany
E*piph"a*ny (?), n. [F. \'82piphanie, L. epiphania, Gr. Fancy.]
1. An appearance, or a becoming manifest.
Whom but just before they beheld transfigured and in a glorious
epiphany upon the mount. Jer. Taylor.
An epic poet, if ever such a difficult birth should make its
epiphany in Paris. De Quincey.
2. (Eccl.) A church festival celebrated on the 6th of January, the
twelfth day after Christmas, in commemoration of the visit of the Magi
of the East to Bethlehem, to see and worship the child Jesus; or, as
others maintain, to commemorate the appearance of the star to the
Magi, symbolizing the manifestation of Christ to the Gentles;
Twelfthtide.
Epipharyngeal
Ep`i*phar`yn*ge"al (?), a. [Pref. epi- + pharyngeal.] (Anat.)
Pertaining to the segments above the epibranchial in the branchial
arches of fishes. -- n. An epipharyngeal bone or cartilage.
Epipharynx
Ep`i*phar"ynx (?), n. [Epi- + pharynx.] (Zo\'94l.) A structure which
overlaps the mouth of certain insects.
Epiphonema
Ep`i*pho*ne"ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) An exclamatory sentence,
or striking reflection, which sums up or concludes a discourse.
Epiphoneme
E*piph"o*neme (?), n. Epiphonema. [R.]
Epiphora
E*piph"o*ra (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Med.) The watery eye; a disease in which the tears accumulate in
the eye, and trickle over the cheek.
2. (Rhet.) The emphatic repetition of a word or phrase, at the end of
several sentences or stanzas.
Epiphragm
Ep"i*phragm (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A membranaceous or calcareous
septum with which some mollusks close the aperture of the shell during
the time of hibernation, or \'91stivation.
Epiphylospermous
Ep`i*phy`lo*sper"mous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Bearing fruit on the black
of the leaves, as ferns. Harris (1710).
Epiphyllous
E*piph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Growing upon, or inserted into, the
leaf.
Epiphyllum
Ep`i*phyl"lum (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of cactaceous plants having
flattened, jointed stems, and petals united in a tube. The flowers are
very showy, and several species are in cultivation.
Epiphyseal, Epiphysial
Ep`i*phys"e*al (?), Ep`i*phys"i*al (?), (Anat.) Pertaining to, or
having the nature of, an epiphysis.
Epiphysis
E*piph"y*sis (?), n.; pl. Epiphyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) (a) The
end, or other superficial part, of a bone, which ossifies separately
from the central portion, or diaphysis. (b) The cerebral epiphysis, or
pineal gland. See Pineal gland, under Pineal.
Epiphytal
E*piph"y*tal (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to an epiphyte.
Epiphyte
Ep"i*phyte (?), n. [Gr. \'82piphyte.]
1. (Bot.) An air plant which grows on other plants, but does not
derive its nourishment from them. See Air plant.
2. (Med.) A vegetable parasite growing on the surface of the body.
Epiphytic, Epiphytical
Ep`i*phyt"ic (?), Ep`i*phyt"ic*al (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or
having the nature of, an epiphyte. -- Ep`i*phyt"ic*al*ly, adv.
Epiplastron
Ep`i*plas"tron (?), n.; pl. Epiplastra (#). [Pref. epi- + plastron.]
(Anat.) One of the first pair of lateral plates in the plastron of
turtles.
Epipleural
Ep`i*pleu"ral (?), a. [Pref. epi- + pleural.] (Anat.) Arising from the
pleurapophysis of a vertebra. Owen.
Epiplexis
Ep`i*plex"is (?), n. [L., reproof, fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by which a
person seeks to convince and move by an elegant kind of upbraiding.
Epiploce
E*pip"lo*ce (?), n. [L., connection, from Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by
which one striking circumstance is added, in due gradation, to
another; climax; e. g., "He not only spared his enemies, but continued
them in employment; not only continued, but advanced them." Johnson.
Epiploic
Ep`i*plo"ic (?), a. Relating to the epiplo\'94n.
Epiplo\'94n
E*pip"lo*\'94n (?), n.; pl. Epiploa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) See
Omentum.
Epipodial
Ep`i*po"di*al (?), a.
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to the epipodialia or the parts of the limbs to
which they belong.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the epipodium of Mollusca.
Epipodiale
Ep`i*po`di*a"le (?), n.; pl. Epipodialia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
One of the bones of either the forearm or shank, the epipodialia being
the radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula.
Epipodite
E*pip"o*dite (?), n. [See Epipodium.] (Zo\'94l.) The outer branch of
the legs in certain Crustacea. See Maxilliped.
Epipodium
Ep`i*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Epipodia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One
of the lateral lobes of the foot in certain gastropods.
Epipolic
Ep`i*pol"ic (?), a. (Opt.) Producing, or relating to, epipolism or
fluorescence. [R.]
Epipolism
E*pip"o*lism (?), n. [Gr. (Opt.) See Fluorescence. [R.] Sir J.
Herschel.
Epipolized
E*pip"o*lized (?), a. Changed to the epipolic condition, or that in
which the phenomenon of fluorescence is presented; produced by
fluorescence; as, epipolized light. [R.] Stokes.
Epipteric
Ep`ip*ter"ic (?), a. [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.) Pertaining to a small
Wormian bone sometimes present in the human skull between the parietal
and the great wing of the sphenoid. -- n. The epipteric bone.
Epipterygoid
Ep`ip*ter"y*goid (?), a. [Pref. epi- + pterygoid.] (Anat.) Situated
upon or above the pterygoid bone. -- n. An epipterygoid bone or
cartilage; the columella in the skulls of many lizards.
Epipubic
Ep`i*pu"bic (?), a. Relating to the epipubis.
Epipubis
Ep`i*pu"bis (?), n.; pl. Epipubes (#). [NL., epi- + pubis.] (Anat.) A
cartilage or bone in front of the pubis in some amphibians and other
animals.
Episcopacy
E*pis"co*pa*cy (?), n. [See Episcopate.] Government of the church by
bishops; church government by three distinct orders of ministers --
bishops, priests, and deacons -- of whom the bishops have an authority
superior and of a different kind.
Episcopal
E*pis"co*pal (?), a. [L. episcopalis, fr. episcopus: cf. F.
\'82piscopal. See Bishop.]
1. Governed by bishops; as, an episcopal church.
2. Belonging to, or vested in, bishops; as, episcopal jurisdiction or
authority; the episcopal system.
Episcopalian
E*pis`co*pa"li*an (?), a. Pertaining to bishops, or government by
bishops; episcopal; specifically, of or relating to the Protestant
Episcopal Church.
Episcopalian
E*pis`co*pa"li*an, n. One who belongs to an episcopal church, or
adheres to the episcopal form of church government and discipline; a
churchman; specifically, in the United States, a member of the
Protestant Episcopal Church.
Episcopalianism
E*pis`co*pa"li*an*ism (?), n. The doctrine and usages of
Episcopalians; episcopacy.
Episcopally
E*pis"co*pal*ly (?), adv. By episcopal authority; in an episcopal
manner.
Episcopant
E*pis"co*pant (?), n. A bishop. [Obs.] Milton.
Episcoparian
E*pis`co*pa"ri*an (?), a. Episcopal. [R.] Wood.
Episcopate
E*pis"co*pate (?), n. [L. episcopatus, fr. episcopus: cf. F.
\'82piscopat. See Bishop.]
1. A bishopric; the office and dignity of a bishop.
2. The collective body of bishops.
3. The time of a bishop's rule.
Episcopate
E*pis"co*pate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Episcopated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Episcopating.] To act as a bishop; to fill the office of a prelate.
[Obs.]
Feeding the flock episcopating. Milton.
Episcopicide
E*pis"co*pi*cide (?), n. [L. episcopus bishop + caedere to kill.] The
killing of a bishop.
Episcopize
E*pis"co*pize (?), v. t. To make a bishop of by consecration. Southey.
Episcopize
E*pis"co*pize, v. i. To perform the duties of a bishop.
Episcopy
E*pis"co*py (?), n. [Gr. Bishop.]
1. Survey; superintendence. [Obs.] Milton.
2. Episcopacy. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Episepalous
Ep`i*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Pref. epi- + sepal.] (Bot.) Growing on the
sepals or adnate to them.
Episkeletal
Ep`i*skel"e*tal (?), a. [Pref. epi- + skeleletal.] (Anat.) Above or
outside of the endoskeleton; epaxial.
Episodal
Ep`i*so"dal (?), a. Same as Episodic.
Episode
Ep"i*sode (?), n. [Gr. sad to go: cf. F. \'82pisode.] (Rhet.) A
separate incident, story, or action, introduced for the purpose of
giving a greater variety to the events related; an incidental
narrative, or digression, separable from the main subject, but
naturally arising from it.
Episodial
Ep`i*so"di*al (?), a. Pertaining to an episode; by way of episode;
episodic.
Episodic, Episodical
Ep`i*so"dic (?), Ep`i*so"dic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82pisodique. See
Episode.] Of or pertaining to an episode; adventitious. --
Ep`i*so"dic*al*ly, adv.
Such a figure as Jacob Brattle, purely episodical though it be, is
an excellent English portrait. H. James.
Epispadias
Ep`i*spa"di*as (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A deformity in which the
urethra opens upon the top of the penis, instead of at its extremity.
Epispastic
Ep"i*spas"tic (?), a. [Gr. \'82pispastique.] (Med.) Attracting the
humors to the skin; exciting action in the skin; blistering.
Epispastic
Ep"i*spas"tic, n. (Med.) An external application to the skin, which
produces a puriform or serous discharge by exciting inflammation; a
vesicatory.
Episperm
Ep"i*sperm (?), n. [Pref. epi- + Gr. \'82pisperme.] (Bot.) The skin or
coat of a seed, especially the outer coat. See Testa.
Epispermic
Ep`i*sper"mic (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining, or belonging, to the
episperm, or covering of a seed.
Epispore
Ep"i*spore (?), n. [Pref. epi- + spore.] (Bot.) The thickish outer
coat of certain spores.
Epistaxis
Ep`i*stax"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Bleeding at the nose.
Epistemology
E*pis`te*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The theory or science of the
method or grounds of knowledge.
Episternal
Ep`i*ster"nal (?), a. (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
episternum.
Episternum
Ep`i*ster"num (?), n.; pl. Episterna (#). [NL. See Epi-, and Sternum.]
1. (Anat.) (a) A median bone connected with the sternum, in many
vertebrates; the interclavicle. (b) Same as Epiplastron.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the lateral pieces next to the sternum in the
thorax of insects.
Epistilbite
Ep`i*stil"bite (?), n. [Pref. epi- + stilbite.] (Min.) A crystallized,
transparent mineral of the Zeolite family. It is a hydrous silicate of
alumina and lime.
Epistle
E*pis"tle (?), n. [OE. epistle, epistel, AS. epistol, pistol, L.
epistola, fr. Gr. epistle, epistre, F. \'82p\'8ctre. See Stall.]
1. A writing directed or sent to a person or persons; a written
communication; a letter; -- applied usually to formal, didactic, or
elegant letters.
A madman's epistles are no gospels. Shak.
2. (Eccl.) One of the letters in the New Testament which were
addressed to their Christian brethren by Apostles.
Epistle side, the right side of an altar or church to a person looking
from the nave toward the chancel.
One sees the pulpit on the epistle side. R. Browning.
Epistle
E*pis"tle, v. t. To write; to communicate in a letter or by writing.
[Obs.] Milton.
Epistler
E*pis"tler (?), n.
1. A writer of epistles, or of an epistle of the New Testament. M.
Arnold.
2. (Eccl.) The ecclesiastic who reads the epistle at the communion
service.
Epistolar
E*pis"to*lar (?), a. Epistolary. Dr. H. More.
Epistolary
E*pis"to*la*ry (?), a. [L. epistolaris, fr. epistola: cf. F.
\'82pistolaire.]
1. Pertaining to epistles or letters; suitable to letters and
correspondence; as, an epistolary style.
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2. Contained in letters; carried on by letters. "Epistolary
correspondence." Addison.
Epistolean
Ep`is*to"le*an (?), n. One who writes epistles; a correspondent. Mary
Cowden Clarke.
Epistoler
E*pis"to*ler (?), n. (Eccl.) One of the clergy who reads the epistle
at the communion service; an epistler.
Epistolet
E*pis"to*let (?), n. A little epistle. Lamb.
Epistolic, Epistolical
Ep`is*tol"ic (?), Ep`is*tol"ic*al (?), a. [L. epistolicus, Gr.
Pertaining to letters or epistles; in the form or style of letters;
epistolary.
Epistolize
E*pis"to*lize (?), v. i. To write epistles.
Epistolizer
E*pis"to*li`zer (?), n. A writer of epistles.
Epistolographic
E*pis`to*lo*graph"ic (?), a. [Gr. \'82pistolographique.] Pertaining to
the writing of letters; used in writing letters; epistolary.
Epistolographic character OR mode of writing, the same as Demotic
character. See under Demotic.
Epistolography
E*pis`to*log"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy: cf. F. \'82pistolographie.]
The art or practice of writing epistles.
Epistoma, Epistome
E*pis"to*ma (?), Ep"i*stome (?), n. [NL. epistoma, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)
(a) The region between the antenn\'91 and the mouth, in Crustacea. (b)
A liplike organ that covers the mouth, in most Bryozoa. See Illust.,
under Entoprocta.
Epistrophe
E*pis"tro*phe (?), n. [L., from Gr. (Rhet.) A figure in which
successive clauses end with the same word or affirmation; e. g., "Are
they Hebrews? so am I. Are they Israelites? so am I." 2 Cor. xi. 22.
Epistyle
Ep"i*style (?), n. [L. epistylium, Gr. \'82pistyle.] (Anc. Arch.) A
massive piece of stone or wood laid immediately on the abacus of the
capital of a column or pillar; -- now called architrave.
Episyllogism
Ep`i*syl"lo*gism (?), n. [Pref. epi- + syllogism.] (Logic) A syllogism
which assumes as one of its premises a proposition which was the
conclusion of a preceding syllogism, called, in relation to this, the
prosyllogism.
Epitaph
Ep"i*taph (?), n. [F. \'82pitaphe, L. epitaphium a funeral oration,
fr. Gr. Cenotaph.]
1. An inscription on, or at, a tomb, or a grave, in memory or
commendation of the one buried there; a sepulchral inscription.
Hang her an epitaph upon her tomb. Shak.
2. A brief writing formed as if to be inscribed on a monument, as that
concerning Alexander: "Sufficit huic tumulus, cui non sufficeret
orbis."
Epitaph
Ep"i*taph, v. t. To commemorate by an epitaph. [R.]
Let me be epitaphed the inventor of English hexameters. G. Harvey.
Epitaph
Ep"i*taph, v. i. To write or speak after the manner of an epitaph.
[R.]
The common in their speeches epitaph upon him . . . "He lived as a
wolf and died as a dog." Bp. Hall.
Epitapher
Ep"i*taph`er (?), n. A writer of epitaphs. Nash.
Epitaphial, Epitaphian
Ep`i*taph"i*al (?), Ep`i*taph"i*an (?), a. Relating to, or of the
nature of, an epitaph.
The noble Pericles in his epitaphian speech. Milton.
Epitaphial Latin verses are not to be taken too literally. Lowell.
Epitaphic
Ep`i*taph"ic (?), a. Pertaining to an epitaph; epitaphian. -- n. An
epitaph. Udall.
Epitaphist
Ep"i*taph`ist (?), n. An epitapher.
Epitasis
E*pit"a*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. That part which embraces the main action of a play, poem, and the
like, and leads on to the catastrophe; -- opposed to protasis.
2. (Med.) The period of violence in a fever or disease; paroxysm.
Dunglison.
Epithalamic
Ep`i*tha*lam"ic (?), a. Belonging to, or designed for, an
epithalamium.
Epithalamium
Ep`i*tha*la"mi*um (?), n.; pl. Epithalamiums (#), L. Epithalamia (#).
[L., fr. Gr. A nuptial song, or poem in honor of the bride and
bridegroom.
The kind of poem which was called epithalamium . . . sung when the
bride was led into her chamber. B. Jonson.
Epithalamy
Ep`i*thal"a*my (?), n.; pl. Epithalamies (. Epithalamium. [R.] Donne.
Epitheca
Ep`i*the"ca (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A continuous and,
usually, structureless layer which covers more or less of the exterior
of many corals.
Epithelial
Ep`i*the"li*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to epithelium; as, epithelial
cells; epithelial cancer.
Epithelioid
Ep`i*the"li*oid (?), a. [Epithelium + -oid.] (Anat.) Like epithelium;
as, epithelioid cells.
Epithelioma
Ep`i*the`li*o"ma (?), n. [NL. See Epithelium, and -oma.] (Med.) A
malignant growth containing epithelial cells; -- called also
epithelial cancer.
Epithelium
Ep`i*the"li*um (?), n.; pl. E. Epitheliums (#), L. Epithelia (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The superficial layer of cells lining the
alimentary canal and all its appendages, all glands and their ducts,
blood vessels and lymphatics, serous cavities, etc. It often includes
the epidermis (i. e., keratin-producing epithelial cells), and it is
sometimes restricted to the alimentary canal, the glands and their
appendages, -- the term endothelium being applied to the lining
membrane of the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous cavities.
Epitheloid
Ep`i*the"loid (?), a. (Anat.) Epithelioid.
Epithem
Ep"i*them (?), n. [L. epithema, Gr. \'82pith\'8ame. See Epithet.]
(Med.) Any external topical application to the body, except ointments
and plasters, as a poultice, lotion, etc.
Epithema
Ep`i*the"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A horny excrescence upon
the beak of birds.
Epithesis
E*pith"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. The addition of a letter at the end
of a word, without changing its sense; as, numb for num, whilst for
whiles.
Epithet
Ep"i*thet (?), n. [L. epitheton, Gr. \'82pith\'8ate. See Do.]
1. An adjective expressing some quality, attribute, or relation, that
is properly or specially appropriate to a person or thing; as, a just
man; a verdant lawn.
A prince [Henry III.] to whom the epithet "worthless" seems best
applicable. Hallam.
2. Term; expression; phrase. "Stiffed with epithets of war." Shak.
Syn. -- Epithet, Title. The name epithet was formerly extended to
nouns which give a title or describe character (as the "epithet of
liar"), but is now confined wholly to adjectives. Some rhetoricians,
as Whately, restrict it still further, considering the term epithet as
belonging only to a limited class of adjectives, viz., those which add
nothing to the sense of their noun, but simply hold forth some quality
necessarily implied therein; as, the bright sun, the lofty heavens,
etc. But this restriction does not prevail in general literature.
Epithet is sometimes confounded with application, which is always a
noun or its equivalent.
Epithet
Ep"i*thet, v. t. To describe by an epithet. [R.]
Never was a town better epitheted. Sir H. Wotton.
Epithetic, Epithetical
Ep`i*thet"ic (?), Ep`i*thet"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to, or
abounding with, epithets. "In epithetic measured prose." Lloyd.
Epithite
Ep"i*thite (?), n. [Gr. A lazy, worthless fellow; a vagrant. [Obs.]
Mason.
Epithumetic
Ep`i*thu*met"ic (?), a. Epithumetical. [Obs.]
Epithumetical
Ep`i*thu*met"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to sexual desire; sensual.
Sir T. Browne.
Epitithides
Ep`i*tith"i*des (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Epithet.] (Arch.) The uppermost
member of the cornice of an entablature.
Epitomator
E*pit"o*ma`tor (?), n. [LL.] An epitomist. Sir W. Hamilton.
Epitome
E*pit"o*me (?), n.; pl. Epitomes (#). [L., fr. Gr. \'82pitome. See
Tome.]
1. A work in which the contents of a former work are reduced within a
smaller space by curtailment and condensation; a brief summary; an
abridgement.
[An] epitome of the contents of a very large book. Sydney Smith.
2. A compact or condensed representation of anything.
An epitome of English fashionable life. Carlyle.
A man so various that he seemed to be Not one, but all mankind's
epitome. Dryden.
Syn. -- Abridgement; compendium; compend; abstract; synopsis;
abbreviature. See Abridgment.
Epitomist
E*pit"o*mist (?), n. One who makes an epitome; one who abridges; an
epitomizer. Milton.
Epitomize
E*pit"o*mize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Epitomized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Epitomizing.]
1. To make an epitome of; to shorten or abridge, as a writing or
discourse; to reduce within a smaller space; as, to epitomize the
works of Justin.
2. To diminish, as by cutting off something; to curtail; as, to
epitomize words. [Obs.] Addison.
Epitomizer
E*pit"o*mi`zer (?), n. An epitomist. Burton.
Epitrite
Ep"i*trite (?), n. [Gr. i. e., , or in the ratio of 4 to 3);
epitritos, F. \'82pitrite.] (Gr. & Lat. Pros.) A foot consisting of
three long syllables and one short syllable.
NOTE: &hand; It is so ca lled from being compounded of a spondee
(which contains 4 times) with an iambus or a trochee (which
contains 3 times). It is called 1st, 2d, 3d, or 4th epitrite
according as the short syllable stands 1st, 2d, etc.
Epitrochlea
Ep`i*troch"le*a (?), n. [NL. See Epi-, and Trochlea.] (Anat.) A
projection on the outer side of the distal end of the humerus; the
external condyle.
Epitrochlear
Ep`i*troch"le*ar (?), a. Relating to the epitrochlea.
Epitrochoid
Ep`i*tro"choid (?), n. [Pref. epi- + Gr. -oid.] (Geom.) A kind of
curve. See Epicycloid, any Trochoid.
Epitrope
E*pit"ro*pe (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by which permission
is either seriously or ironically granted to some one, to do what he
proposes to do; e. g., "He that is unjust, let him be unjust still."
Epizeuxis
Ep`i*zeux"is (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure by which a word is
repeated with vehemence or emphasis, as in the following lines: -
Alone, alone, all all alone, Alone on a wide wide sea. Coleridge.
Epozoan
Ep`o*zo"an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An epizo\'94n.
Epozoic
Ep`o*zo"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Living upon the exterior of another
animal; ectozoic; -- said of external parasites.
Epizo\'94n
Ep`i*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Epizoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of
the artificial group of invertebrates of various kinds, which live
parasitically upon the exterior of other animals; an ectozo\'94n.
Among them are the lice, ticks, many acari, the lerneans, or fish
lice, and other crustaceans.
Epizo\'94tic
Ep`i*zo*\'94t"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82pizo\'94tique.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to an epizo\'94n.
2. (Geol.) Containing fossil remains; -- said of rocks, formations,
mountains, and the like. [Obs.]
Epizo\'94tic mountains are of secondary formation. Kirwan.
3. Of the nature of a disease which attacks many animals at the same
time; -- corresponding to epidemic diseases among men.
Epizo\'94ty, Epizo\'94tic
Ep`i*zo"\'94*ty (?), Ep`i*zo*\'94t"ic (?), n. [F. \'82pizo\'94tie.] An
epizo\'94tic disease; a murrain; an epidemic influenza among horses.
Epoch
Ep"och (?; 277), n. [LL. epocha, Gr. sah to overpower, Goth. sigis
victory, AS. sigor, sige, G. sieg: cf. F. \'82poque. See Scheme.]
1. A fixed point of time, established in history by the occurrence of
some grand or remarkable event; a point of time marked by an event of
great subsequent influence; as, the epoch of the creation; the birth
of Christ was the epoch which gave rise to the Christian era.
In divers ages, . . . divers epochs of time were used. Usher.
Great epochs and crises in the kingdom of God. Trench.
The acquittal of the bishops was not the only event which makes the
30th of June, 1688, a great epoch in history. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Ep ochs ma rk the beginning of new historical periods,
and dates are often numbered from them.
2. A period of time, longer or shorter, remarkable for events of great
subsequent influence; a memorable period; as, the epoch of maritime
discovery, or of the Reformation. "So vast an epoch of time." F.
Harrison.
The influence of Chaucer continued to live even during the dreary
interval which separates from one another two important epochs of
our literary history. A. W. Ward.
3. (Geol.) A division of time characterized by the prevalence of
similar conditions of the earth; commonly a minor division or part of
a period.
The long geological epoch which stored up the vast coal measures.
J. C. Shairp.
4. (Astron.) (a) The date at which a planet or comet has a longitude
or position. (b) An arbitrary fixed date, for which the elements used
in computing the place of a planet, or other heavenly body, at any
other date, are given; as, the epoch of Mars; lunar elements for the
epoch March 1st, 1860. Syn. -- Era; time; date; period; age. -- Epoch,
Era. We speak of the era of the Reformation, when we think of it as a
period, during which a new order of things prevailed; so also, the era
of good feeling, etc. Had we been thinking of the time as marked by
certain great events, or as a period in which great results were
effected, we should have called the times when these events happened
epochs, and the whole period an epoch.
The capture of Constantinople is an epoch in the history of
Mahometanism; but the flight of Mahomet is its era. C. J. Smith.
Epocha
Ep"o*cha (?), n. [L.] See Epoch. J. Adams.
Epochal
Ep"o*chal (?), a. Belonging to an epoch; of the nature of an epoch.
"Epochal points." Shedd.
Epode
Ep"ode (?), n. [L. epodos, Gr. \'82pode. See Ode.] (Poet.) (a) The
after song; the part of a lyric ode which follows the strophe and
antistrophe, -- the ancient ode being divided into strophe,
antistrophe, and epode. (b) A species of lyric poem, invented by
Archilochus, in which a longer verse is followed by a shorter one; as,
the Epodes of Horace. It does not include the elegiac distich.
Epodic
E*pod"ic (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to, or resembling, an epode.
Eponym, Eponyme
Ep"o*nym, Ep"o*nyme (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82ponyme. See Eponymous.]
1. The hypothetical individual who is assumed as the person from whom
any race, city, etc., took its name; as, Hellen is an eponym of the
Hellenes.
2. A name, as of a people, country, and the like, derived from that of
an individual.
Eponymic
Ep`o*nym"ic (?), a. Same as Eponymous.
Tablets . . . which bear eponymic dates. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
Eponymist
E*pon"y*mist (?), n. One from whom a race, tribe, city, or the like,
took its name; an eponym.
Eponymous
E*pon"y*mous (?), a. [Gr. Relating to an eponym; giving one's name to
a tribe, people, country, and the like.
What becomes . . . of the Herakleid genealogy of the Spartan kings,
when it is admitted that eponymous persons are to be canceled as
fictions? Grote.
Eponymy
E*pon"y*my (?), n. [Gr. The derivation of the name of a race, tribe,
etc., from that of a fabulous hero, progenitor, etc.
Epo\'94phoron
Ep`o*\'94ph"o*ron (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) See Parovarium.
Epopee, Epop Ep"o*pee` (?), Ep`o*p (?), n. [F. \'82pop\'82e, Gr. Epos.] An epic
poem; epic poetry.
Epopt
Ep"opt (?), n. [Gr. One instructed in the mysteries of a secret
system. Carlyle.
Epos
Ep"os (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. An epic.
Epotation
Ep`o*ta"tion (?), n. [L. epotare, epotatum, to drink; e out + potare
to drink.] A drinking up; a quaffing. [Obs.] Feltham.
(?), n. [F.] (Gun.) An apparatus for testing or proving the strength of
gunpowder.
Epsomite
Ep"som*ite (?), n. Native sulphate of magnesia or Epsom salt.
Epsom salts OR salt
Ep"som salts` OR salt` (?). (Med.) Sulphate of magnesia having
cathartic qualities; -- originally prepared by boiling down the
mineral waters at Epsom, England, -- whence the name; afterwards
prepared from sea water; but now from certain minerals, as from
siliceous hydrate of magnesia.
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Epulary
Ep"u*la*ry (?), a. [L. epularis, fr. epulum a feast: cf. F.
\'82pulaire.] Of or pertaining to a feast or banquet. [Obs.] Smart.
Epulation
Ep`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. epulatio.] A feasting or feast; banquet.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Epulis
E*pu"lis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A hard tumor developed from the
gums.
Epulose
Ep"u*lose` (?), a. [L. epulum a feast.] Feasting to excess. [Obs.]
Epulosity
Ep`u*los"i*ty (?), n. A feasting to excess. [Obs.]
Epulotic
Ep`u*lot"ic (?), a. [Gr. Promoting the skinning over or healing of
sores; as, an epulotic ointment. -- n. An epulotic agent.
Epuration
Ep`u*ra"tion (?), n. [L. e out, quite + purare to purify, purus pure.]
Purification.
(?), n. [F.] (Fine Arts) A draught or model from which to build; especially,
one of the full size of the work to be done; a detailed drawing.
Equability
E`qua*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. aequabilitas, fr. aequabilis. See Equable.]
The quality or condition of being equable; evenness or uniformity; as,
equability of temperature; the equability of the mind.
For the celestial bodies, the equability and constancy of their
motions argue them ordained by wisdom. Ray.
Equable
E"qua*ble (?; 277), a. [L. aequabilis, fr. aequare to make level or
equal, fr. aequus even, equal. See Equal.]
1. Equal and uniform; continuing the same at different times; -- said
of motion, and the like; uniform in surface; smooth; as, an equable
plain or globe.
2. Uniform in action or intensity; not variable or changing; -- said
of the feelings or temper.
Equableness
E"qua*ble*ness, n. Quality or state of being equable.
Equably
E"qua*bly, adv. In an equable manner.
Equal
E"qual (?), a. [L. aequalis, fr. aequus even, equal; akin to Skr. ,
and perh. to L. unus for older oinos one, E. one.]
1. Agreeing in quantity, size, quality, degree, value, etc.; having
the same magnitude, the same value, the same degree, etc.; -- applied
to number, degree, quantity, and intensity, and to any subject which
admits of them; neither inferior nor superior, greater nor less,
better nor worse; corresponding; alike; as, equal quantities of land,
water, etc. ; houses of equal size; persons of equal stature or
talents; commodities of equal value.
2. Bearing a suitable relation; of just proportion; having competent
power, abilities, or means; adequate; as, he is not equal to the task.
The Scots trusted not their own numbers as equal to fight with the
English. Clarendon.
It is not permitted to me to make my commendations equal to your
merit. Dryden.
Whose voice an equal messenger Conveyed thy meaning mild. Emerson.
3. Not variable; equable; uniform; even; as, an equal movement. "An
equal temper." Dryden.
4. Evenly balanced; not unduly inclining to either side; characterized
by fairness; unbiased; impartial; equitable; just.
Are not my ways equal? Ezek. xviii. 29.
Thee, O Jove, no equal judge I deem. Spenser.
Nor think it equal to answer deliberate reason with sudden heat and
noise. Milton.
5. Of the same interest or concern; indifferent.
They who are not disposed to receive them may let them alone or
reject them; it is equal to me. Cheyne.
6. (Mus.) Intended for voices of one kind only, either all male or all
female; -- opposed to mixed. [R.]
7. (Math.) Exactly agreeing with respect to quantity.
Equal temperament. (Mus.) See Temperament. Syn. -- Even; equable;
uniform; adequate; proportionate; commensurate; fair; just; equitable.
Equal
E"qual, n.
1. One not inferior or superior to another; one having the same or a
similar age, rank, station, office, talents, strength, or other
quality or condition; an equal quantity or number; as, "If equals be
taken from equals the remainders are equal."
Those who were once his equals envy and defame him. Addison.
2. State of being equal; equality. [Obs.] Spenser.
Equal
E"qual, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equaled (?) or Equalled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Equaling or Equalling.]
1. To be or become equal to; to have the same quantity, the same
value, the same degree or rank, or the like, with; to be commen
On me whose all not equals Edward's moiety. Shak.
2. To make equal return to; to recompense fully.
Who answered all her cares, and equaled all her love. Dryden.
3. To make equal or equal to; to equalize; hence, to compare or regard
as equals; to put on equality.
He would not equal the mind that he found in himself to the
infinite and incomprehensible. Berkeley.
Equalitarian
E*qual`i*ta"ri*an (?), n. One who believes in equalizing the condition
of men; a leveler.
Equality
E*qual"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Equalities (#). [L. aequalitas, fr. aequalis
equal. See Equal.]
1. The condition or quality of being equal; agreement in quantity or
degree as compared; likeness in bulk, value, rank, properties, etc.;
as, the equality of two bodies in length or thickness; an equality of
rights.
A footing of equality with nobles. Macaulay.
2. Sameness in state or continued course; evenness; uniformity; as, an
equality of temper or constitution.
3. Evenness; uniformity; as, an equality of surface.
4. (Math.) Exact agreement between two expressions or magnitudes with
respect to quantity; -- denoted by the symbol =; thus, a = x signifies
that a contains the same number and kind of units of measure that x
does.
Confessional equality. See under Confessional.
Equalization
E`qual*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of equalizing, or state of being
equalized.
Their equalization with the rest of their fellow subjects. Burke.
Equalize
E"qual*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Equalizing (?).] [Cf. F. \'82galiser.]
1. To make equal; to cause to correspond, or be like, in amount or
degree as compared; as, to equalize accounts, burdens, or taxes.
One poor moment can suffice To equalize the lofty and the low.
Wordsworth.
No system of instruction will completely equalize natural powers.
Whately.
2. To pronounce equal; to compare as equal.
Which we equalize, and perhaps would willingly prefer to the Iliad.
Orrery.
3. To be equal to; equal; to match. [Obs.]
It could not equalize the hundredth part Of what her eyes have
kindled in my heart. Waller.
Equalizing bar (Railroad Mach.), a lever connecting two axle boxes, or
two springs in a car truck or locomotive, to equalize the pressure on
the axles.
Equalizer
E"qual*i`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, equalizes anything.
Equally
E"qual*ly, adv. In an equal manner or degree in equal shares or
proportion; with equal and impartial justice; without difference;
alike; evenly; justly; as, equally taxed, furnished, etc.
Equalness
E"qual*ness, n. Equality; evenness. Shak.
Equangular
E*quan"gu*lar (?), a. [See Equiangular.] Having equal angles;
equiangular. [R.] Johnson.
Equanimity
E`qua*nim"i*ty (?), n. [L. aequanimitas, fr. aequanimus: cf. F.
\'82quanimit\'82. See Equanimous.] Evenness of mind; that calm temper
or firmness of mind which is not easily elated or depressed; patience;
calmness; composure; as, to bear misfortunes with equanimity.
Equanimous
E*quan"i*mous (?), a. [L. aequanimus, fr. aequus equal + animus mind.]
Of an even, composed frame of mind; of a steady temper; not easily
elated or depressed. Bp. Gauden.
Equant
E"quant (?), n. [L. aequans, -antis, p. pr. of aequare: cf. F.
\'82quant. See Equate.] (Ptolemaic Astron.) A circle around whose
circumference a planet or the center of ann epicycle was conceived to
move uniformly; -- called also eccentric equator.
Equate
E*quate" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equated; p. pr. & vb. n. Equating.]
[L. aequatus, p. p. of aequare to make level or equal, fr. aequus
level, equal. See Equal.] To make equal; to reduce to an average; to
make such an allowance or correction in as will reduce to a common
standard of comparison; to reduce to mean time or motion; as, to
equate payments; to equate lines of railroad for grades or curves;
equated distances.
Palgrave gives both scrolle and scrowe and equates both to F[rench]
rolle. Skeat (Etymol. Dict. ).
Equating for grades (Railroad Engin.), adding to the measured distance
one mile for each twenty feet of ascent. -- Equating for curves,
adding half a mile for each 360 degrees of curvature.
Equation
E*qua"tion (?), n. [L. aequatio an equalizing: cf. F. \'82quation
equation. See Equate.]
1. A making equal; equal division; equality; equilibrium.
Again the golden day resumed its right, And ruled in just equation
with the night. Rowe.
2. (Math.) An expression of the condition of equality between two
algebraic quantities or sets of quantities, the sign = being placed
between them; as, a binomial equation; a quadratic equation; an
algebraic equation; a transcendental equation; an exponential
equation; a logarithmic equation; a differential equation, etc.
3. (Astron.) A quantity to be applied in computing the mean place or
other element of a celestial body; that is, any one of the several
quantities to be added to, or taken from, its position as calculated
on the hypothesis of a mean uniform motion, in order to find its true
position as resulting from its actual and unequal motion.
Absolute equation. See under Absolute. -- Equation box, OR Equational
box, a system of differential gearing used in spinning machines for
regulating the twist of the yarn. It resembles gearing used in
equation clocks for showing apparent time. -- Equation of the center
(Astron.), the difference between the place of a planet as supposed to
move uniformly in a circle, and its place as moving in an ellipse. --
Equations of condition (Math.), equations formed for deducing the true
values of certain quantities from others on which they depend, when
different sets of the latter, as given by observation, would yield
different values of the quantities sought, and the number of equations
that may be found is greater than the number of unknown quantities. --
Equation of a curve (Math.), an equation which expresses the relation
between the co\'94rdinates of every point in the curve. -- Equation of
equinoxes (Astron.), the difference between the mean and apparent
places of the equinox. -- Equation of payments (Arith.), the process
of finding the mean time of payment of several sums due at different
times. -- Equation of time (Astron.), the difference between mean and
apparent time, or between the time of day indicated by the sun, and
that by a perfect clock going uniformly all the year round. --
Equation clock OR watch, a timepiece made to exhibit the differences
between mean solar and apparent solar time. Knight. -- Normal
equation. See under Normal. -- Personal equation (Astron.), the
difference between an observed result and the true qualities or
peculiarities in the observer; particularly the difference, in an
average of a large number of observation, between the instant when an
observer notes a phenomenon, as the transit of a star, and the assumed
instant of its actual occurrence; or, relatively, the difference
between these instants as noted by two observers. It is usually only a
fraction of a second; -- sometimes applied loosely to differences of
judgment or method occasioned by temperamental qualities of
individuals. -- Theory of equations (Math.), the branch of algebra
that treats of the properties of a single algebraic equation of any
degree containing one unknown quantity.
Equator
E*qua"tor (?), n. [L. aequator one who equalizes: cf. F. \'82quateur
equator. See Equate.]
1. (Geog.) The imaginary great circle on the earth's surface,
everywhere equally distant from the two poles, and dividing the
earth's surface into two hemispheres.
2. (Astron.) The great circle of the celestial sphere, coincident with
the plane of the earth's equator; -- so called because when the sun is
in it, the days and nights are of equal length; hence called also the
equinoctial, and on maps, globes, etc., the equinoctial line.
Equator of the sun OR of a planet (Astron.), the great circle whose
plane passes through through the center of the body, and is
perpendicular to its axis of revolution. -- Magnetic equator. See
Aclinic.
Equatorial
E`qua*to"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82quatorial.] Of or pertaining to the
equator; as, equatorial climates; also, pertaining to an equatorial
instrument.
Equatorial
E`qua*to"ri*al, n. (Astron.) An instrument consisting of a telescope
so mounted as to have two axes of motion at right angles to each
other, one of them parallel to the axis of the earth, and each
carrying a graduated circle, the one for measuring declination, and
the other right ascension, or the hour angle, so that the telescope
may be directed, even in the daytime, to any star or other object
whose right ascension and declination are known. The motion in right
ascension is sometimes communicated by clockwork, so as to keep the
object constantly in the field of the telescope. Called also an
equatorial telescope.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm eq uatorial, or eq uatorial instrument, is
sometimes applied to any astronomical instrument which has its
principal axis of rotation parallel to the axis of the earth.
<-- contrasted with altazimuthal movement of a telescope. -->
Equatorially
E`qua*to"ri*al*ly, adv. So as to have motion or direction parallel to
the equator.
Equerry
Eq"uer*ry (?; 277), n.; pl. Equerries (#). [F. \'82curie stable, for
older escurie, escuirie (confused somewhat with F. \'82cuyer, OF.
escuyer, squire), LL. scuria, OHG. skiura, sc, barn, shed, G. scheuer,
from a root meaning to cover, protect, and akin to L. scutum shield.
See Esquire, and cf. Ecurie, Querry.]
1. A large stable or lodge for horses. Johnson.
2. An officer of princes or nobles, charged with the care of their
horses.
NOTE: &hand; In En gland eq uerries ar e of ficers of th e ro yal
household in the department of the Master of the Horse.
Equery
Eq"ue*ry (?), n. Same as Equerry.
Equestrian
E*ques"tri*an (?), a. [L. equester, from eques horseman, fr. equus
horse: cf. F. \'82questre. See Equine.]
1. Of or pertaining to horses or horsemen, or to horsemanship; as,
equestrian feats, or games.
2. Being or riding on horseback; mounted; as, an equestrian statue.
An equestrian lady appeared upon the plains. Spectator.
3. Belonging to, or composed of, the ancient Roman equities or
knights; as, the equestrian order. Burke.
Equestrian
E*ques"tri*an, n. One who rides on horseback; a horseman; a rider.
Equestrianism
E*ques"tri*an*ism (?), n. The art of riding on horseback; performance
on horseback; horsemanship; as, feats equestrianism.
Equestrienne
E*ques"tri*enne` (?), n. [Formed after analogy of the French
language.] A woman skilled in equestrianism; a horsewoman.
Equi-
E"qui- (?). [L. aequus equal. See Equal.] A prefix, meaning equally;
as, equidistant; equiangular.
Equiangled
E"qui*an`gled (?), a. [Equi- + angle.] Equiangular. [Obs.] Boyle.
Equiangular
E`qui*an"gu*lar (?), a. [Equi- + angular. Cf. Equangular.] Having
equal angles; as, an equiangular figure; a square is equiangular.
Equiangular spiral. (Math.) See under Spiral, n. -- Mutually
equiangular, applied to two figures, when every angle of the one has
its equal among the angles of the other.
Equibalance
E`qui*bal"ance (?), n. [Equi- + balance.] Equal weight;
equiponderance.
Equibalance
E`qui*bal"ance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equibalanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Equibalancing (?).] To make of equal weight; to balance equally; to
counterbalance; to equiponderate.
Equicrescent
E`qui*cres"cent (?), a. [Equi- + crescent.] (Math.) Increasing by
equal increments; as, an equicrescent variable.
Equicrural
E`qui*cru"ral (?), a. [L. aequicrurius; aequus equal + crus, cruris,
leg.] Having equal legs or sides; isosceles. [R.] "Equicrural
triangles." Sir T. Browne.
Equicrure
E"qui*crure (?), a. Equicrural. [Obs.]
Equidifferent
E`qui*dif"fer*ent (?), a. [Equi- + different: cf. F.
\'82quidiff\'82rent.] Having equal differences; as, the terms of
arithmetical progression are equidifferent.
Equidistance
E`qui*dis"tance (?), n. Equal distance.
Equidistant
E`qui*dis"tant (?), a. [L. aequidistans, -antis; aequus equal +
distans distant: cf. F. \'82quidistant.] Being at an equal distance
from the same point or thing. -- E`qui*dis"tant*ly, adv. Sir T.
Browne.
Equidiurnal
E`qui*di*ur"nal (?), a. [Equi- + diurnal.] Pertaining to the time of
equal day and night; -- applied to the equinoctial line. Whewell.
Equiform
E"qui*form (?), a. [L. aequiformis; aequus equal + forma form.] Having
the same form; uniform. -- E`qui*for"mi*ty (#), n. Sir T. Browne.
Equilateral
E`qui*lat"er*al (?), a. [L. aequilateralis; aequus equal + latus,
lateris, side: cf. F. \'82quilat\'82ral.] Having all the sides equal;
as, an equilateral triangle; an equilateral polygon. Equilateral
hyperbola (Geom.), one whose axes are equal. -- Equilateral shell
(Zo\'94l.), one in which a transverse line drawn through the apex of
the umbo bisects the valve, or divides it into two equal and
symmetrical parts. -- Mutually equilateral, applied to two figures,
when every side of the one has its equal among the sides of the other.
Equilateral
E`qui*lat"er*al, n. A side exactly corresponding, or equal, to others;
also, a figure of equal sides.
Equilibrate
E`qui*li"brate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equilibrated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Equilibrating (?).] [L. aequilibratus in equilibrium; aequus equal
+ libra balance. See Equilibrium.] To balance two scales, sides, or
ends; to keep even with equal weight on each side; to keep in
equipoise. H. Spenser. \'3c-- p. 505 --\'3e
Equilibration
E`qui*li*bra"tion (?), n.
1. Act of keeping a balance, or state of being balanced; equipoise.
In . . . running, leaping, and dancing, nature's laws of
equilibration are observed. J. Denham.
2. (Biol.) The process by which animal and vegetable organisms
preserve a physiological balance. H. Spenser.
Equilibrious
E`qui*lib"ri*ous (?), a. Evenly poised; balanced. Dr. H. More. --
E`qui*lib"ri*ous*ly, adv.
Equilibrist
E*quil"i*brist (?), n. One who balances himself in unnatural positions
and hazardous movements; a balancer.
When the equilibrist balances a rod upon his finger. Stewart.
Equilibrity
E`qui*lib"ri*ty (?), n. [L. aequilibritas equal distribution. See
Equilibrium.] The state of being balanced; equality of weight. [R.] J.
Gregory.
Equilibrium
E`qui*lib"ri*um (?), n.; pl. E. Equilibriums (#), L. Equilibria (#).
[L. aequilibrium, fr. aequilibris in equilibrium, level; aequus equal
+ libra balance. See Equal, and Librate.]
1. Equality of weight or force; an equipoise or a state of rest
produced by the mutual counteraction of two or more forces.
2. A level position; a just poise or balance in respect to an object,
so that it remains firm; equipoise; as, to preserve the equilibrium of
the body.
Health consists in the equilibrium between those two powers.
Arbuthnot.
3. A balancing of the mind between motives or reasons, with consequent
indecision and doubt.
Equilibrium valve (Steam Engine), a balanced valve. See under Valve.
Equimomental
E`qui*mo*men"tal (?), a. [Equi- + momental.] (Mech.) Having equal
moments of inertia.
NOTE: &hand; Tw o bo dies or sy stems of bo dies ar e sa id to be
equimomental when their moments of inertia about all straight lines
are equal each to each.
Equimomental cone of a given rigid body, a conical surface that has
any given vertex, and is described by a straight line which moves in
such manner that the moment of inertia of the given rigid body about
the line is in all its positions the same.
Equimultiple
E`qui*mul"ti*ple (?), a. [Equi- + multiple: cf. F. \'82quimultiple.]
Multiplied by the same number or quantity.
Equimultiple
E`qui*mul"ti*ple, n. (Math.) One of the products arising from the
multiplication of two or more quantities by the same number or
quantity. Thus, seven times 2, or 14, and seven times 4, or 28, are
equimultiples of 2 and 4.
Equinal
E*qui"nal (?), a. See Equine. "An equinal shape." Heywood.
Equine
E"quine (?), a. [L. equinus, fr. equus horse; akin to Gr. a, OS. ehu,
AS. eh, eoh, Icel. j, OIr. ech, cf. Skr. a to reach, overtake, perh.
akin to E. acute, edge, eager, a. Cf. Hippopotamus.] Of, pertaining
to, or resembling, a horse.
The shoulders, body, things, and mane are equine; the head
completely bovine. Sir J. Barrow.
Equinia
E*quin"i*a (?), n. [NL. See Equine.] (Med.) Glanders.
Equinoctial
E`qui*noc"tial (?), a. [L. aequinoctials, fr. aequinoctium equinox:
cf. F. \'82quinoxial. See Equinox.]
1. Pertaining to an equinox, or the equinoxes, or to the time of equal
day and night; as, the equinoctial line.
2. Pertaining to the regions or climate of the equinoctial line or
equator; in or near that line; as, equinoctial heat; an equinoctial
sun.
3. Pertaining to the time when the sun enters the equinoctial points;
as, an equinoctial gale or storm, that is, one happening at or near
the time of the equinox, in any part of the world.
Equinoctial colure (Astron.), the meridian passing through the
equinoctial points. -- Equinoctial line (Astron.), the celestial
equator; -- so called because when the sun is on it, the nights and
days are of equal length in all parts of the world. See Equator.
Thrice the equinoctial line He circled. Milton.
- Equinoctial points (Astron.), the two points where the celestial and
ecliptic intersect each other; the one being in the first point of
Aries, the other in the first point of Libra. -- Equinoctial time
(Astron.) reckoned in any year from the instant when the mean sun is
at the mean vernal equinoctial point.
Equinoctial
E`qui*noc"tial, n. The equinoctial line.
Equinoctially
E`qui*noc"tial*ly, adv. Towards the equinox.
Equinox
E"qui*nox (?), n. [OE. equinoxium, equenoxium, L. aequinoctium; aequus
equal + nox, noctis, night: cf. F. \'82quinoxe. See Equal, and Night.]
1. The time when the sun enters one of the equinoctial points, that
is, about March 21 and September 22. See Autumnal equinox, Vernal
equinox, under Autumnal and Vernal.
When descends on the Atlantic The gigantic Stormwind of the
equinox. Longfellow.
2. Equinoctial wind or storm. [R.] Dryden.
Equinumerant
E`qui*nu"mer*ant (?), a. [Equi- + L. numerans, p. pr. of numerare to
number.] Equal as to number. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
Equip
E*quip" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Equipping.] [F. \'82quiper to supply, fit out, orig. said of a ship,
OF. esquiper to embark; of German origin; cf. OHG. scif, G. schiff,
Icel. skip, AS. scip. See Ship.]
1. To furnish for service, or against a need or exigency; to fit out;
to supply with whatever is necessary to efficient action in any way;
to provide with arms or an armament, stores, munitions, rigging, etc.;
-- said esp. of ships and of troops. Dryden.
Gave orders for equipping a considerable fleet. Ludlow.
2. To dress up; to array; accouter.
The country are led astray in following the town, and equipped in a
ridiculous habit, when they fancy themselves in the height of the
mode. Addison.
Equipage
Eq"ui*page (?; 48), n. [F. \'82quipage, fr. \'82quiper. See Equip.]
1. Furniture or outfit, whether useful or ornamental; especially, the
furniture and supplies of a vessel, fitting her for a voyage or for
warlike purposes, or the furniture and necessaries of an army, a body
of troops, or a single soldier, including whatever is necessary for
efficient service; equipments; accouterments; habiliments; attire.
Did their exercises on horseback with noble equipage. Evelyn.
First strip off all her equipage of Pride. Pope.
2. Retinue; train; suite. Swift.
3. A carriage of state or of pleasure with all that accompanies it, as
horses, liveried servants, etc., a showy turn-out.
The rumbling equipages of fashion . . . were unknown in the
settlement of New Amsterdam. W. Irving.
Equipaged
Eq"ui*paged (?), a. Furnished with equipage.
Well dressed, well bred. Well equipaged, is ticket good enough.
Cowper.
Equiparable
E*quip"a*ra*ble (?) a. [L. aequiparabilis.] Comparable. [Obs. or R.]
Equiparate
E*quip"a*rate (?) v. t. [L. aequiparatus, p. p. of aequiparare.] To
compare. [R.]
Equipedal
E*quip"e*dal (?), a. [Equi- + L. pes, pedis, foot.] (Zo\'94l.)
Equal-footed; having the pairs of feet equal.
Equipendency
E`qui*pend"en*cy (?), n. [Equi- + pendency.] The act or condition of
hanging in equipoise; not inclined or determined either way. South.
Equipensate
E`qui*pen"sate (?), v. t. [Equi- + pensatus, p. p. of pensare to
weigh. Cf. Equipoise.] To weigh equally; to esteem alike. [Obs.]
Equipment
E*quip"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82quipement. See Equip.]
1. The act of equipping, or the state of being equipped, as for a
voyage or expedition. Burke.
The equipment of the fleet was hastened by De Witt. Hume.
2. Whatever is used in equipping; necessaries for an expedition or
voyage; the collective designation for the articles comprising an
outfit; equipage; as, a railroad equipment (locomotives, cars, etc. ;
for carrying on business); horse equipments; infantry equipments;
naval equipments; laboratory equipments.
Armed and dight, In the equipments of a knight. Longfellow.
Equipoise
E"qui*poise (?), n. [Equi- + poise.]
1. Equality of weight or force; hence, equilibrium; a state in which
the two ends or sides of a thing are balanced, and hence equal; state
of being equally balanced; -- said of moral, political, or social
interests or forces.
The means of preserving the equipoise and the tranquillity of the
commonwealth. Burke.
Our little lives are kept in equipoise By opposite attractions and
desires. Longfellow.
2. Counterpoise.
The equipoise to the clergy being removed. Buckle.
Equipollence, Equipollency
E`qui*pol"lence (?), E`qui*pol"len*cy (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82quipollence.
See Equipollent.]
1. Equality of power, force, signification, or application. Boyle.
2. (Logic) Sameness of signification of two or more propositions which
differ in language.
Equipollent
E`qui*pol"lent (?), a. [L. aequipollens; aequus equal + pollens,
-entis, p. pr. of pollere to be strong, able: cf. F. \'82quipollent.]
1. Having equal power or force; equivalent. Bacon.
2. (Logic) Having equivalent signification and reach; expressing the
same thing, but differently.
Equipollently
E`qui*pol"lent*ly, adv. With equal power. Barrow.
Equiponderance, Equiponderancy
E`qui*pon"der*ance (?), E`qui*pon"der*an*cy (?), n. [Equi- +
ponderance: cf. F. \'82quipond\'82rance.] Equality of weight;
equipoise.
Equiponderant
E`qui*pon"der*ant (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82quipond\'82rant.] Being of the
same weight.
A column of air . . . equiponderant to a column of quicksilver.
Locke.
Equiponderate
E`qui*pon"der*ate (?), v. i. [Equi- + L. ponderare to weigh. See
Ponderate.] To be equal in weight; to weigh as much as another thing.
Bp. Wilkins.
Equiponderate
E`qui*pon"der*ate, v. t. To make equal in weight; to counterbalance.
"More than equiponderated the declension in that direction." De
Quincey.
Equiponderous
E`qui*pon"der*ous (?), a. [Equi- + L. pondus, ponderis, weight.]
Having equal weight. Bailey.
Equipondious
E`qui*pon"di*ous (?), a. [L. aequipondium an equal weight; aequus
equal + pondus weight.] Of equal weight on both sides; balanced.
[Obs.] Glanvill.
Equipotential
E`qui*po*ten"tial (?), a. [Equi- + potential.] (Mech. & Physics)
Having the same potential. Equipotential surface, a surface for which
the potential is for all points of the surface constant. Level
surfaces on the earth are equipotential.
Equiradical
E`qui*rad"i*cal (?) a. [Equi- + radical.] Equally radical. [R.]
Coleridge.
Equirotal
E`qui*ro"tal (?), a. [Equi- + L. rota wheel.] Having wheels of the
same size or diameter; having equal rotation. [R.]
Equisetaceous
E`qui*se*ta"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to the Equisetace\'91, or
Horsetail family.
Equisetiform
E`qui*set"i*form (?), a. [Equisetum- + -form.] (Bot.) Having the form
of the equisetum.
Equisetum
Eq`ui*se"tum (?), n.; pl. Equiseta (#). [L., the horsetail, fr. equus
horse + seta a thick,, stiff hair, bristle.] (Bot.) A genus of
vascular, cryptogamic, herbaceous plants; -- also called horsetails.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Eq uiseta ha ve ho llow jointed stems and no true
leaves. The cuticle often contains siliceous granules, so that one
species (E. hyemale) is used for scouring and polishing, under the
name of Dutch rush or scouring rush.
Equisonance
E*quis"o*nance (?), n. [Equi- + L. sonans, p. pr. of sonare to sound:
cf. F. \'82quisonnance. See Sonant.] (Mus.) An equal sounding; the
consonance of the unison and its octaves.
Equisonant
E*quis"o*nant (?) a. Of the same or like sound.
Equitable
Eq"ui*ta*ble (?), a. [F. \'82quitable, from \'82quit\'82. See Equity.]
1. Possessing or exhibiting equity; according to natural right or
natural justice; marked by a due consideration for what is fair,
unbiased, or impartial; just; as an equitable decision; an equitable
distribution of an estate; equitable men.
No two . . . had exactly the same notion of what was equitable.
Macaulay.
2. (Law) That can be sustained or made available or effective in a
court of equity, or upon principles of equity jurisprudence; as, an
equitable estate; equitable assets, assignment, mortgage, etc. Abbott.
Syn. -- Just; fair; reasonable; right; honest; impartial; candid;
upright.
Equitableness
Eq"ui*ta*ble*ness, n. The quality of being equitable, just, or
impartial; as, the equitableness of a judge, a decision, or
distribution of property.
Equitably
Eq"ui*ta*bly, adv. In an equitable manner; justly; as, the laws should
be equitably administered.
Equitancy
Eq"ui*tan*cy (?), n. [Cf. LL. equitantia. See Equitant.] Horsemanship.
Equitant
Eq"ui*tant (?), a. [L. equitans, -antis, p. pr. of equitare to ride,
fr. eques horseman, fr. equus horse.]
1. Mounted on, or sitting upon, a horse; riding on horseback.
2. (Bot.) Overlapping each other; -- said of leaves whose bases are
folded so as to overlap and bestride the leaves within or above them,
as in the iris.
Equitation
Eq`ui*ta"tion (?), n. [L. equitatio, fr. equitare: cf. F.
\'82quitation.] A riding, or the act of riding, on horseback;
horsemanship.
The pretender to equitation mounted. W. Irving.
Equitemporaneous
E`qui*tem`po*ra"ne*ous (?), a. [L. aequus equal + tempus, temporis,
time.] Contemporaneous. [Obs.] Boyle.
Equites
Eq"ui*tes (?) n. pl [L., pl. of eques a horseman.] (Rom. Antiq.) An
order of knights holding a middle place between the senate and the
commonalty; members of the Roman equestrian order.
Equity
Eq"ui*ty (?), n.; pl. Equities (#). [F. \'82quit\'82, L. aequitas, fr.
aequus even, equal. See Equal.]
1. Equality of rights; natural justice or right; the giving, or
desiring to give, to each man his due, according to reason, and the
law of God to man; fairness in determination of conflicting claims;
impartiality.
Christianity secures both the private interests of men and the
public peace, enforcing all justice and equity. Tillotson.
2. (Law) An equitable claim; an equity of redemption; as, an equity to
a settlement, or wife's equity, etc.
I consider the wife's equity to be too well settled to be shaken.
Kent.
3. (Law) A system of jurisprudence, supplemental to law, properly so
called, and complemental of it.
Equity had been gradually shaping itself into a refined science
which no human faculties could master without long and intense
application. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Eq uitable ju risprudence in England and in the United
States grew up from the inadequacy of common-law forms to secure
justice in all cases; and this led to distinct courts by which
equity was applied in the way of injunctions, bills of discovery,
bills for specified performance, and other processes by which the
merits of a case could be reached more summarily or more
effectively than by common-law suits. By the recent English
Judicature Act (1873), however, the English judges are bound to
give effect, in common-law suits, to all equitable rights and
remedies; and when the rules of equity and of common law, in any
particular case, conflict, the rules of equity are to prevail. In
many jurisdictions in the United States, equity and common law are
thus blended; in others distinct equity tribunals are still
maintained. See Chancery.
Equity of redemption (Law), the advantage, allowed to a mortgageor, of
a certain or reasonable time to redeem lands mortgaged, after they
have been forfeited at law by the nonpayment of the sum of money due
on the mortgage at the appointed time. Blackstone. Syn. -- Right;
justice; impartiality; rectitude; fairness; honesty; uprightness. See
Justice.
Equivalence
E*quiv"a*lence (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82quivalence, LL. aequivalentia.]
1. The condition of being equivalent or equal; equality of worth,
value, signification, or force; as, an equivalence of definitions.
2. Equal power or force; equivalent amount.
3. (Chem.) (a) The quantity of the combining power of an atom,
expressed in hydrogen units; the number of hydrogen atoms can combine
with, or be exchanged for; valency. See Valence. (b) The degree of
combining power as determined by relative weight. See Equivalent, n.,
2. [R.]
Equivalence
E*quiv"a*lence, v. t. To be equivalent or equal to; to counterbalance.
[R.] Sir T. Browne.
Equivalency
E*quiv"a*len*cy (?), n. Same as Equivalence.
Equivalent
E*quiv"a*lent (?), a. [L. aequivalens, -entis, p. pr. of aequivalere
to have equal power; aequus equal + valere to be strong, be worth: cf.
F. \'82quivalent. See Equal, and Valiant.]
1. Equal in wortir or value, force, power, effect, import, and the
like; alike in significance and value; of the same import or meaning.
For now to serve and to minister, servile and ministerial, are
terms equivalent. South.
2. (Geom.) Equal in measure but not admitting of superposition; --
applied to magnitudes; as, a square may be equivalent to a triangle.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 506
3. (Geol.) Contemporaneous in origin; as, the equivalent strata of
different countries.
Equivalent
E*quiv"a*lent (?), n.
1. Something equivalent; that which is equal in value, worth, weight,
or force; as, to offer an equivalent for damage done.
He owned that, if the Test Act were repealed, the Protestants were
entitled to some equivalent. . . . During some weeks the word
equivalent, then lately imported from France, was in the mouths of
all the coffeehouse. Macaulay.
2. (Chem.) That comparative quantity by weight of an element which
possesses the same chemical value as other elements, as determined by
actual experiment and reference to the same standard. Specifically:
(a) The comparative proportions by which one element replaces another
in any particular compound; thus, as zinc replaces hydrogen in
hydrochloric acid, their equivalents are 32.5 and 1. (b) The combining
proportion by weight of a substance, or the number expressing this
proportion, in any particular compound; as, the equivalents of
hydrogen and oxygen in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric
dioxide 1 and 16.<-- = equivalent weight. -->
NOTE: &hand; Th is term was adopted by Wollaston to avoid using the
conjectural expression atomic weight, with which, however, for a
time it was practically synonymous. The attempt to limit the term
to the meaning of a universally comparative combining weight
failed, because of the possibility of several compounds of the
substances by reason of the variation in combining power which most
elements exhibit. The equivalent was really identical with, or a
multiple of submultiple of, the atomic weight.
3. (Chem.) A combining unit, whether an atom, a radical, or a
molecule; as, in acid salt two or more equivalents of acid unite with
one or more equivalents of base.
Mechanical equivalent of heat (Physics), the number of units of work
which the unit of heat can perform; the mechanical energy which must
be expended to raise the temperature of a unit weight of water from 0°
C. to 1° C., or from 32° F. to 33° F. The term was introduced by Dr.
Mayer of Heilbronn. Its value was found by Joule to be 1390 foot
pounds upon the Centigrade, or 772 foot pounds upon the Fahrenheit,
thermometric scale, whence it is often called Joule's equivalent, and
represented by the symbol J. This is equal to 424 kilogram meters
(Centigrade scale). A more recent determination by Professor Rowland
gives the value 426.9 kilogram meters, for the latitude of Baltimore.
Equivalent
E*quiv"a*lent, v. t. To make the equivalent to; to equal; equivalence.
[R.]
Equivalently
E*quiv"a*lent*ly, adv. In an equal manner.
Equivalue
E`qui*val"ue (?), v. t. To put an equal value upon; to put (something)
on a par with another thing. W. Taylor.
Equivalve, Equivalved
E"qui*valve (?), E"qui*valved (?), a. [Equi- + valve.] (Zo\'94l.)
Having the valves equal in size and from, as in most bivalve shells.
Equivalvular
E`qui*val"vu*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Equivalve or Equivalved.
Equivocacy
E*quiv"o*ca*cy (?), n. Equivocalness.
Equivocal
E*quiv"o*cal (?), a. [L. aequivocus: aequus equal + vox, vocis, word.
See Equal, and Voice, and cf. Equivoque.]
1. (Literally, called equally one thing or the other; hence:) Having
two significations equally applicable; capable of double
interpretation; of doubtful meaning; ambiguous; uncertain; as,
equivocal words; an equivocal sentence.
For the beauties of Shakespeare are not of so dim or equivocal a
nature as to be visible only to learned eyes. Jeffrey.
2. Capable of being ascribed to different motives, or of signifying
opposite feelings, purposes, or characters; deserving to be suspected;
as, his actions are equivocal. "Equivocal repentances." Milton.
3. Uncertain, as an indication or sign; doubtful. "How equivocal a
test." Burke.
Equivocal chord (Mus.), a chord which can be resolved into several
distinct keys; one whose intervals, being all minor thirds, do not
clearly indicate its fundamental tone or root; the chord of the
diminished triad, and the diminished seventh. Syn. -- Ambiguous;
doubtful; uncertain; indeterminate. -- Equivocal, Ambiguous. We call
an expression ambiguous when it has one general meaning, and yet
contains certain words which may be taken in two different senses; or
certain clauses which can be so connected with other clauses as to
divide the mind between different views of part of the meaning
intended. We call an expression equivocal when, taken as a whole, it
conveys a given thought with perfect clearness and propriety, and also
another thought with equal propriety and clearness. Such were the
responses often given by the Delphic oracle; as that to Crambiguous is
a mere blunder of language; what is equivocal is usually intended to
deceive, though it may occur at times from mere inadvertence.
Equivocation is applied only to cases where there is a design to
deceive.
Equivocal
E*quiv"o*cal, n. A word or expression capable of different meanings;
an ambiguous term; an equivoque.
In languages of great ductility, equivocals like that just referred
to are rarely found. Fitzed. Hall.
Equivocally
E*quiv"o*cal*ly, adv. In an equivocal manner.
Equivocalness
E*quiv"o*cal*ness, n. The state of being equivocal.
Equivocate
E*quiv"o*cate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Equivocated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Equivocating.] [L. aequivocatus, p. p. of aequivocari to be called
by the same name, fr. L. aequivocus: cf. F. \'82quivoquer. See
Equivocal, a.] To use words of equivocal or doubtful signification; to
express one's opinions in terms which admit of different senses, with
intent to deceive; to use ambiguous expressions with a view to
mislead; as, to equivocate is the work of duplicity.
All that Garnet had to say for him was that he supposed he meant to
equivocate. Bp. Stillingfleet.
Syn. -- To prevaricate; evade; shuffle; quibble. See Prevaricate.
Equivocate
E*quiv"o*cate (?), v. t. To render equivocal or ambiguous.
He equivocated his vow by a mental reservation. Sir G. Buck.
Equivocation
E*quiv`o*ca"tion (?), n. The use of expressions susceptible of a
double signification, with a purpose to mislead.
There being no room for equivocations, there is no need of
distinctions. Locke.
Syn. -- Prevarication; ambiguity; shuffling; evasion; guibbling. See
Equivocal, a., and Prevaricate, v. i.
Equivocator
E*quiv"o*ca`tor (?), n. One who equivocates.
Here's an equivocator that could swear in both the scales against
either scale, yet could not equivocate to heaven. Shak.
Equivocatory
E*quiv"o*ca*to*ry (?), a. Indicating, or characterized by,
equivocation.
Equivoque, Equivoke
Eq"ui*voque, Eq"ui*voke (?), n. [F. \'82quivoque. See Equivocal.]
1. An ambiguous term; a word susceptible of different significations.
Coleridge.
2. An equivocation; a guibble. B. Jonson.
Equivorous
E*quiv"o*rous (?), a. [L. equus horse + vorare to eat greedily.]
Feeding on horseflesh; as, equivorous Tartars.
Equus
E"quus (?), n. [L., horse.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of mammals, including
the horse, ass, etc.
-er
-er (?).
1. [AS. -ere; akin to L. -arius.] The termination of many English
words, denoting the agent; -- applied either to men or things; as in
hater, farmer, heater, grater. At the end of names of places, -er
signifies a man of the place; as, Londoner, i. e., London man.
2. [AS. -ra; akin to G. -er, Icel. -are, -re, Goth. -iza, -, L. -ior,
Gr. -\'c6yas.] A suffix used to form the comparative degree of
adjectives and adverbs; as, warmer, sooner, lat(e)er, earl(y)ier.
Era
E"ra (?), n.; pl. Eras (#). [LL. aera an era, in earlier usage, the
items of an account, counters, pl. of aes, aeris, brass, money. See
Ore.]
1. A fixed point of time, usually an epoch, from which a series of
years is reckoned.
The foundation of Solomon's temple is conjectured by Ideler to have
been an era. R. S. Poole.
2. A period of time reckoned from some particular date or epoch; a
succession of years dating from some important event; as, the era of
Alexander; the era of Christ, or the Christian era (see under
Christian).
The first century of our era. M. Arnold.
3. A period of time in which a new order of things prevails; a signal
stage of history; an epoch.
Painting may truly be said to have opened the new era of culture.
J. A. Symonds.
Syn. -- Epoch; time; date; period; age; dispensation. See Epoch.
Eradiate
E*ra"di*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eradiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eradiating (?).] [Pref. e- + radiate.] To shoot forth, as rays of
light; to beam; to radiate. Dr. H. More.
Eradiation
E*ra`di*a"tion (?), n. Emission of radiance.
Eradicable
E*rad"i*ca*ble (?), a. Capable of being eradicated.
Eradicate
E*rad"i*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eradicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eradicating (?).] [L. eradicatus, p. p. of eradicare to eradicate; e
out + radix, radicis, root. See Radical.]
1. To pluck up by the roots; to root up; as, an oak tree eradicated.
2. To root out; to destroy utterly; to extirpate; as, to eradicate
diseases, or errors.
This, although now an old an inveterate evil, might be eradicated
by vigorous treatment. Southey.
Syn. -- To extirpate; root out; exterminate; destroy; annihilate.
Eradication
E*rad`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L. eradicatio: cf. F. \'82radication.]
1. The act of plucking up by the roots; a rooting out; extirpation;
utter destruction.
2. The state of being plucked up by the roots.
Eradicative
E*rad"i*ca*tive (?), a. [Cf. \'82radicatif.] Tending or serving to
eradicate; curing or destroying thoroughly, as a disease or any evil.
Eradicative
E*rad"i*ca*tive, n. (Med.) A medicine that effects a radical cure.
Whitlock.
Erasable
E*ras"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being erased.
Erase
E*rase" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Erased (#); p. pr. & vb. n..
Erasing.] [L. erasus, p. p. of eradere to erase; e out + radere to
scrape, scratch, shave. See Rase.]
1. To rub or scrape out, as letters or characters written, engraved,
or painted; to efface; to expunge; to cross out; as, to erase a word
or a name.
2. Fig.: To obliterate; to expunge; to blot out; -- used of ideas in
the mind or memory. Burke.
Erased
E*rased" (?), p. pr. & a.
1. Rubbed or scraped out; effaced; obliterated.
2. (Her.) Represented with jagged and uneven edges, as is torn off; --
used esp. of the head or limb of a beast. Cf. Couped.
Erasement
E*rase"ment (?), n. The act of erasing; a rubbing out; expunction;
obliteration. Johnson.
Eraser
E*ras"er (?), n. One who, or that which, erases; esp., a sharp
instrument or a piece of rubber used to erase writings, drawings, etc.
Erasion
E*ra"sion (?), n. The act of erasing; a rubbing out; obliteration.
Erastian
E*ras"tian (?; 106), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of the followers of Thomas
Erastus, a German physician and theologian of the 16th century. He
held that the punishment of all offenses should be referred to the
civil power, and that holy communion was open to all. In the present
day, an Erastian is one who would see the church placed entirely under
the control of the State. Shipley.
Erastianism
E*ras"tian*ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The principles of the Erastains.
Erasure
E*ra"sure (?; 135), n. [From Erase.] The act of erasing; a scratching
out; obliteration.
Erative
Er"a*tive (?), a. Pertaining to the Muse Erato who presided over
amatory poetry. Stormonth.
Erato
Er"a*to (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) The Muse who presided over
lyric and amatory poetry.
Erbium
Er"bi*um (?), n. [NL. from Ytterby, in Sweden, where gadolinite is
found. Cf. Terbium, Yttrium, Ytterbium.] (Chem.) A rare metallic
element associated with several other rare elements in the mineral
gadolinite from Ytterby in Sweden. Symbol Er. Atomic weight 165.9. Its
salts are rose-colored and give characteristic spectra. Its
sesquioxide is called erbia.
Ercedeken
Er`ce*de"ken (?), n. [OE., fr. pref. erce- = archi- + deken a deacon.]
An archdeacon. [Obs.]
Erd
Erd (?), n. [OE. erd, eard, earth, land, country, AS. eard; akin to
OS. ard dwelling place, OHG. art plowing, tillage, Icel. \'94r&edh;
crop, and to L. arare to plow, E. ear to plow.] The earth. [Prov.
Eng.] Wright. Erd shrew (Zo\'94l.), the common European shrew (Sorex
vulgaris); the shrewmouse.
Ere
Ere (?; 277), prep. & adv. [AS. , prep., adv., & conj.; akin to OS.,
OFries., & OHG. , G. eher, D. eer, Icel. \'ber, Goth. air. &root;204.
Cf. Early, Erst, Or, adv.]
1. Before; sooner than. [Archaic or Poetic]
Myself was stirring ere the break of day. Shak.
Ere sails were spread new oceans to explore. Dryden.
Sir, come down ere my child die. John iv. 49.
2. Rather than.
I will be thrown into Etna, . . . ere I will leave her. Shak.
Ere long, before, shortly. Shak. -- Ere now, formerly, heretofore.
Shak. -- Ere that, AND Or are. Same as Ere. Shak.
Ere
Ere (?), v. t. To plow. [Obs.] See Ear, v. t. Chaucer.
Erebus
Er"e*bus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Greek Myth.) A place of nether darkness, being the gloomy space
through which the souls passed to Hades. See Milton's "Paradise Lost,"
Book II., line 883.
2. (Greek Myth.) The son of Chaos and brother of Nox, who dwelt in
Erebus.
To the infernal deep, with Erebus and tortures vile. Shak.
Erect
E*rect" (?), a. [L. erectus, p. p. of erigere to erect; e out + regere
to lead straight. See Right, and cf. Alert.]
1. Upright, or having a vertical position; not inverted; not leaning
or bent; not prone; as, to stand erect.
Two of far nobler shape, erect and tall. Milton.
Among the Greek colonies and churches of Asia, Philadelphia is
still erect -- a column of ruins. Gibbon.
2. Directed upward; raised; uplifted.
His piercing eyes, erect, appear to view Superior worlds, and look
all nature through. Pope.
3. Bold; confident; free from depression; undismayed.
But who is he, by years Bowed, but erect in heart? Keble.
4. Watchful; alert.
Vigilant and erect attention of mind. Hooker.
5. (Bot.) Standing upright, with reference to the earth's surface, or
to the surface to which it is attached.
6. (Her.) Elevated, as the tips of wings, heads of serpents, etc.
Erect
E*rect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Erected; p. pr. & vb. n. Erecting.]
1. To raise and place in an upright or perpendicular position; to set
upright; to raise; as, to erect a pole, a flagstaff, a monument, etc.
2. To raise, as a building; to build; to construct; as, to erect a
house or a fort; to set up; to put together the component parts of, as
of a machine.
3. To lift up; to elevate; to exalt; to magnify.
That didst his state above his hopes erect. Daniel.
I, who am a party, am not to erect myself into a judge. Dryden.
4. To animate; to encourage; to cheer.
It raiseth the dropping spirit, erecting it to a loving
complaisance. Barrow.
5. To set up as an assertion or consequence from premises, or the
like. "To erect conclusions." Sir T. Browne. "Malebranche erects this
proposition." Locke.
6. To set up or establish; to found; to form; to institute. "To erect
a new commonwealth." Hooker.
Erecting shop (Mach.), a place where large machines, as engines, are
put together and adjusted. Syn. -- To set up; raise; elevate;
construct; build; institute; establish; found.
Erect
E*rect", v. i. To rise upright. [Obs.]
By wet, stalks do erect. Bacon.
Erectable
E*rect"a*ble (?) a. Capable of being erected; as, an erectable
feather. Col. G. Montagu.
Erecter
E*rect"er (?), n. An erector; one who raises or builds.
Erectile
E*rect"ile (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82rectile.] Capable of being erected;
susceptible of being erected of dilated. Erectile tissue (Anat.), a
tissue which is capable of being greatly dilated and made rigid by the
distension of the numerous blood vessels which it contains.
Erectility
E`rec*til"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being erectile.
Erection
E*rec"tion (?), n. [L. erectio: cf. F. \'82rection.]
1. The act of erecting, or raising upright; the act of constructing,
as a building or a wall, or of fitting together the parts of, as a
machine; the act of founding or establishing, as a commonwealth or an
office; also, the act of rousing to excitement or courage.
2. The state of being erected, lifted up, built, established, or
founded; exaltation of feelings or purposes.
Her peerless height my mind to high erection draws up. Sidney
3. State of being stretched to stiffness; tension.
4. Anything erected; a building of any kind.
5. (Physiol.) The state of a part which, from having been soft, has
become hard and swollen by the accumulation of blood in the erectile
tissue. <-- p. 50- -->
Erective
> E*rect"ive (?), a. Making erect or upright; raising; tending to
erect.
Erectly
> E*rect"ly, adv. In an erect manner or posture.
Erectness
> E*rect"ness, n. Uprightness of posture or form.
Erecto-patent
> E*rec"to-pat"ent (?), a.
1. (Bot.) Having a position intermediate between erect and patent, or
spreading.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Standing partially spread and erect; -- said of the
wings of certain insects.
Erector
> E*rec"tor (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, erects.
2. (Anat.) A muscle which raises any part.
3. (Physics) An attachment to a microscope, telescope, or other
optical instrument, for making the image erect instead of inverted.
Erelong
> Ere`long" (?; 115), adv. Before the ere long.
A man, . . . following the stag, erelong slew him. Spenser.
The world, erelong, a world of tears must weep. Milton.
Eremacausis
> Er`e*ma*cau"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A gradual oxidation from
exposure to air and moisture, as in the decay of old trees or of dead
animals.
Eremitage
> Er"e*mit*age (?), n. See Hermitage.
Eremite
> Er"e*mite (?), n. [See Hermit.] A hermit.
Thou art my heaven, and I thy eremite. Keats.
Eremitic, Eremitical
> Er`e*mit"ic (?), Er`e*mit"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an
eremite; hermitical; living in solitude. "An eremitical life in the
woods." Fuller. "The eremitic instinct." Lowell.
Eremitish
> Er"e*mi`tish (?), a. Eremitic. Bp. Hall.
Eremitism
> Er"e*mit*ism (?), n. The state of a hermit; a living in seclusion
from social life.
Eretation
> E`re*ta"tion (?), n. [L. erepere to creep out; e out + repere to
creep.] A creeping forth. [Obs.]
Ereption
> E*rep"tion (?), n. [L. ereptio, fr. eripere to snatch away; e out +
rapere to snatch.] A snatching away. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Erethism
> Er"e*thism (?), n. [Gr. \'82r\'82thisme.] (Med.) A morbid degree of
excitement or irritation in an organ. Hoblyn.
Erethistic
> Er`e*this"tic (?), a. [Gr. Relating to erethism.
Erewhile, Erewhiles
> Ere`while" (?), Ere`whiles" (?), adv. Some time ago; a little while
before; heretofore. [Archaic]
I am as fair now as I was erewhile. Shak.
Erf
> Erf (?), n.; pl. Erven (#). [D.] A garden plot, usually about half
an acre. [Cape Colony]
Erg
> Erg (?), n. [Gr. (Physics) The unit of work or energy in the C. G.
S. system, being the amount of work done by a dyne working through a
distance of one centimeter; the amount of energy expended in moving a
body one centimeter against a force of one dyne. One foot pound is
equal to 13,560,000 ergs.
Ergat
> Er"gat (?), v. t. [L. ergo therefore.] To deduce logically, as
conclusions. [Obs.] Hewyt.
Ergo
> Er"go (?), conj. OR adv. [L.] Therefore; consequently; -- often used
in a jocular way. Shak.
Ergot
> Er"got (?), n. [F. ergot, argot, lit., a spur.]
1. A diseased condition of rye and other cereals, in which the grains
become black, and often spur-shaped. It is caused by a parasitic
fungus, Claviceps purpurea.
2. The mycelium or spawn of this fungus infecting grains of rye and
wheat. It is a powerful remedial agent, and also a dangerous poison,
and is used as a means of hastening childbirth, and to arrest
bleeding.
3. (Far.) A stub, like soft horn, about the size of a chestnut,
situated behind and below the pastern joint.
4. (Anat.) See 2d Calcar, 3 (b).
Ergotic
> Er*got"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, ergot; as, ergotic
acid.
Ergotin
> Er"go*tin (?), n. (Med.) An extract made from ergot.
Ergotine
> Er"go*tine (?). (Chem.) A powerful astringent alkaloid extracted
from ergot as a brown, amorphous, bitter substance. It is used to
produce contraction of the uterus.
Ergotism
> Er"go*tism (?), n. [F. ergotisme, fr. L. ergo.] A logical deduction.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Ergotism
> Er"got*ism (?), n. [From Ergot, n.; cf. F. ergotisme.] (Med.) A
diseased condition produced by eating rye affected with the ergot
fungus.
Ergotized
> Er"got*ized (?), a. Affected with the ergot fungus; as, ergotized
rye.
Eriach, Eric
> Er"i*ach (?), Er"ic (?), n. [Ir. eiric.] (Old Irish Law) A
recompense formerly given by a murderer to the relatives of the
murdered person.
Erica
> E*ri"ca (?), n. [NL., fr. L. erice heath, Gr. (Bot.) A genus of
shrubby plants, including the heaths, many of them producing beautiful
flowers.
Ericaceous
> Er`i*ca"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to the Heath family, or
resembling plants of that family; consisting of heats.
Ericinol
> E*ric"i*nol (?), n. [NL. ericaceae the Heath family + L. oleum oil.]
(Chem.) A colorless oil (quickly becoming brown), with a pleasant
odor, obtained by the decomposition of ericolin.
Ericius
> E*ri"ci*us (?), n. [L., a hedgehog.] The Vulgate rendering of the
Hebrew word qip&omac;d, which in the "Authorized Version" is
translated bittern, and in the Revised Version, porcupine.
I will make it [Babylon] a possession for the ericius and pools of
waters. Is. xiv. 23 (Douay version).
Ericolin
> E*ric"o*lin (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside found in the bearberry (and
others of the Ericace\'91), and extracted as a bitter, yellow,
amorphous mass.
Eridanus
> E*rid"a*nus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A long, winding
constellation extending southward from Taurus and containing the
bright star Achernar.
Erigible
> Er"i*gi*ble (?), a. [See Erect.] Capable of being erected. [Obs.]
Erin
> E"rin (?), n. [Ir. Cf. Aryan.] An early, and now a poetic, name of
Ireland.
Erinaceous
> Er`i*na"ceous (?), a. [L. erinaceus hedgehog.] (Zo\'94l.) Of the
Hedgehog family; like, or characteristic of, a hedgehog.
Eringo
> E*rin"go (?), n. The sea holly. See Eryngo.
Erinite
> Er"i*nite (?), n. (Min.) A hydrous arseniate of copper, of an
emerald-green color; -- so called from Erin, or Ireland, where it
occurs.
Erinys
> E*rin"ys (?), n.; pl. Erinyes (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) An
avenging deity; one of the Furies; sometimes, conscience personified.
[Written also Erinnys.]
Eriometer
> E`ri*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Opt.) An instrument for
measuring the diameters of minute particles or fibers, from the size
of the colored rings produced by the diffraction of the light in which
the objects are viewed.
Eristalis
> E*ris"ta*lis (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of dipterous insects
whose young (called rat-tailed larv\'91) are remarkable for their long
tapering tail, which spiracles at the tip, and for their ability to
live in very impure and salt waters; -- also called drone fly.
Eristic, Eristical
> E*ris"tic (?), E*ris"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Controversial. [Archaic]
A specimen of admirable special pleading in the court of eristic
logic. Coleridge.
Erke
> Erke (?), a. [Cf. Irk.] ASlothful. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Erlking
> Erl"king` (?), n. [G. erlk\'94nig, fr. Dan. ellekonge elfking.] A
personification, in German and Scandinavian mythology, of a spirit
natural power supposed to work mischief and ruin, esp. to children.
Erme
> Erme (?), v. i. [OE. ermen, AS. yrman. Cf. Yearn.] To grieve; to
feel sad. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ermelin, Ermilin
> Er"me*lin (?), Er"mi*lin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Ermine. Shenstone.
Ermin
> Er"min (?), n. [OF. Ermin, L. Armenius.] An Armenian. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ermine
> Er"mine (?), n. [OF. ermine, F. hermine, prob. of German origin; cf.
OHG. harmo, G. hermelin, akin to Lith. szarm, szarmonys, weasel, cf.
AS. hearma; but cf. also LL. armelinus, armellina, hermellina, and
pellis Armenia, the fur of the Armenian rat, mus Armenius, the animal
being found also in Armenia.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A valuable fur-bearing animal of the genus Mustela (M.
erminea), allied to the weasel; the stoat. It is found in the northern
parts of Asia, Europe, and America. In summer it is brown, but in
winter it becomes white, except the tip of the tail, which is always
black.
2. The fur of the ermine, as prepared for ornamenting garments of
royalty, etc., by having the tips of the tails, which are black,
arranged at regular intervals throughout the white.
3. By metonymy, the office or functions of a judge, whose state robe,
lined with ermine, is emblematical of purity and honor without stain.
Chatham.
4. (Her.) One of the furs. See Fur (Her.)
NOTE: &hand; Er mine is represented by an argent field, tufted with
black. Ermines is the reverse of ermine, being black, spotted or
timbered with argent. Erminois is the same as ermine, except that
or is substituted for argent.
Ermine moth (Zo\'94l.), a white moth with black spots (esp. Yponomeuta
padella of Europe); -- so called on account of the resemblance of its
covering to the fur of the ermine; also applied to certain white
bombycid moths of America.
Ermine
> Er"mine, v. t. To clothe with, or as with, ermine.
The snows that have ermined it in the winter. Lowell.
Ermined
> Er"mined (?), a. Clothed or adorned with the fur of the ermine.
Pope.
Ermines, n., Erminois
> Er"mines (?), n., Er"min*ois (, n. (Her.) See Note under Ermine, n.,
4.
Ermit
> Er"mit (?), n. [See Hermit.] A hermit. [Obs.]
Ern, Erne
> Ern, Erne (?), n. [AS. earn eagle; akin to D. arend, OHG. aro, G.
aar, Icel., Sw., & Dan. \'94rn, Goth. ara, and to Gr. Ornithology.]
(Zo\'94l.) A sea eagle, esp. the European white-tailed sea eagle
(Hali\'91etus albicilla).
Ern
> Ern (?), v. i. [Cf. Erme.] To stir with strong emotion; to grieve;
to mourn.
NOTE: [Corrupted into yearn in modern editions of Shakespeare.]
[Obs.]
Ernest
> Er"nest (?), n. See Earnest. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ernestful
> Er"nest*ful (?), a. [See Earnest, a.] Serious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Erode
> E*rode" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eroded; p. pr. & vb. n. Eroding.]
[L. erodere, erosum; e out + rodere to gnaw. See Rodent.] To eat into
or away; to corrode; as, canker erodes the flesh. "The blood . . .
erodes the vessels." Wiseman.
The smaller charge is more apt to . . . erode the gun. Am. Cyc.
Eroded
> E*rod"ed, p. p. & a.
1. Eaten away; gnawed; irregular, as if eaten or worn away.
2. (Bot.) Having the edge worn away so as to be jagged or irregularly
toothed.
Erodent
> E*rod"ent (?), n. [L. erodens, -entis, p. pr. of erodere. See
Erode.] (Med.) A medicine which eats away extraneous growths; a
caustic.
Erogate
> Er"o*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Erogated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Erogating (?).] [L. erogatus, p. p. of erogare; e out + rogare to
ask.] To lay out, as money; to deal out; to expend. [Obs.]
Erogation
> Er`o*ga"tion (?), n. [L. erogatio.] The act of giving out or
bestowing. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
Eros
> E"ros (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Greek Myth.) Love; the god of love; --
by earlier writers represented as one of the first and creative gods,
by later writers as the son of Aphrodite, equivalent to the Latin god
Cupid.
Erose
> E*rose" (?), a. [L. erosus, p. p. See Erode.]
1. Irregular or uneven as if eaten or worn away.
2. (Bot.) Jagged or irregularly toothed, as if nibbled out or gnawed.
-- E*rose"ly, adv.
Erosion
> E*ro"sion (?), n. [L. erosio. See Erode.]
1. The act or operation of eroding or eating away.
2. The state of being eaten away; corrosion; canker.
Erosive
> E*ro"sive (?), a. That erodes or gradually eats away; tending to
erode; corrosive. Humble.
Erostrate
> E*ros"trate (?), a. [Pref. e- out + rostrate.] (Bot.) Without a
beak.
Eroteme
> Er"o*teme (?), n. [Gr. A mark indicating a question; a note of
interrogation.
Erotesis
> Er`o*te"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure o
Must I give way and room to your rash choler? Shall I be frighted
when a madman stares? Shak.
Erotic, Erotical
> E*rot"ic (?), E*rot"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. \'82rotique. See Eros.] Of or
pertaining to the passion of love; treating of love; amatory.
Erotic
> E*rot"ic, n. An amorous composition or poem.
Eroticism
> E*rot"i*cism (?), n. Erotic quality.
Erpetologist
> Er`pe*tol"o*gist (?), n. Herpetologist.
Erpetology
> Er`pe*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Cf. F. erp\'82tologie.] (Zo\'94l.)
Herpetology.
Err
> Err (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Erred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Erring (?;
277, 85).] [F. errer, L. errare; akin to G. irren, OHG. irran, v. t.,
irr, v. i., OS. irrien, Sw. irra, Dan. irre, Goth, a\'a1rzjan to lead
astray, airzise astray.]
1. To wander; to roam; to stray. [Archaic] "Why wilt thou err from
me?" Keble.
What seemeth to you, if there were to a man an hundred sheep and
one of them hath erred. Wyclif (Matt. xviii. 12).
2. To deviate from the true course; to miss the thing aimed at. "My
jealous aim might err." Shak.
3. To miss intellectual truth; to fall into error; to mistake in
judgment or opinion; to be mistaken.
The man may err in his judgment of circumstances. Tillotson.
4. To deviate morally from the right way; to go astray, in a
figurative sense; to do wrong; to sin.
Do they not err that devise evil? Prov. xiv. 22.
5. To offend, as by erring.
Errable
> Er"ra*ble (?), a. Liable to error; fallible.
Errableness
> Er"ra*ble*ness, n. Liability to error. Dr. H. More.
Errabund
> Er"ra*bund (?), a. [L. errabundus.] Erratic. "Errabund guesses."
Southey.
Errancy
> Er"ran*cy (?), n. [L. errantia.] A wandering; state of being in
error.
Errand
> Er"rand (?), n. [OE. erende, erande, message, business, AS.
\'91rende, \'91rend; akin to OS. arundi, OHG. arunti, Icel. eyrendi,
\'94rendi, erendi, Sw. \'84rende, Dan. \'91rende; perh. akin to AS.
earu swift, Icel. \'94rr, and to L. oriri to rise, E. orient.] A
special business intrusted to a messenger; something to be told or
done by one sent somewhere for the purpose; often, a verbal message; a
commission; as, the servant was sent on an errand; to do an errand.
Also, one's purpose in going anywhere.
I have a secret errand to thee, O king. Judg. iii. 19.
I will not eat till I have told mine errand. Gen. xxiv. 33.
<-- 2. Any specific task, usually of a routine nature, requiring some
form of travel, usually locally. An errand is often on behalf of
someone else, but sometimes for one's own purposes. To run an errand.
To perform an errand[2]. 3. A mission. -->
Errant
> Er"rant (?), a. [F. errant, p. pr. fr. OF. errer to travel, LL.
iterare, fr. L. iter journey; confused somewhat with L. errare to err.
See Eyre, and cf. Arrant, Itinerant.]
1. Wandering; deviating from an appointed course, or from a direct
path; roving.
Seven planets or errant stars in the lower orbs of heaven. Sir T.
Browne.
2. Notorious; notoriously bad; downright; arrant.
Would make me an errant fool. B. Jonson.
3. (Eng. Law) Journeying; itinerant; -- formerly applied to judges who
went on circuit and to bailiffs at large. Mozley & W.
Errant
> Er"rant, n. One who wanders about. [Obs.] Fuller.
Errantia
> Er*ran"ti*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. errare to wander. See Err.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of ch\'91topod annelids, including those that are
not confined to tubes. See Ch\'91topoda. [Written also Errantes.]
Errantry
> Er"rant*ry (?), n.
1. A wandering; a roving; esp., a roving in quest of adventures.
Addison.
2. The employment of a knight-errant. Johnson.
Errata
> Er*ra"ta (?), n. pl. [L.] See Erratum.
Erratic
> Er*rat"ic (?), a. [L. erraticus, fr. errare to wander: cf. F.
erratique. See Err.]
1. Having no certain course; roving about without a fixed destination;
wandering; moving; -- hence, applied to the planets as distinguished
from the fixed stars.
The earth and each erratic world. Blackmore.
2. Deviating from a wise of the common course in opinion or conduct;
eccentric; strange; queer; as, erratic conduct.
3. Irregular; changeable. "Erratic fever." Harvey.
Erratic blocks, gravel, etc. (Geol.), masses of stone which have been
transported from their original resting places by the agency of water,
ice, or other causes. -- Erratic phenomena, the phenomena which relate
to transported materials on the earth's surface.
Erratic
> Er*rat"ic, n.
1. One who deviates from common and accepted opinions; one who is
eccentric or preserve in his intellectual character.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 508
2. A rogue. [Obs.] Cockeram.
3. (Geol.) Any stone or material that has been borne away from its
original site by natural agencies; esp., a large block or fragment of
rock; a bowlder.
NOTE: &hand; In th e pl ural the term is applied especially to the
loose gravel and stones on the earth's surface, including what is
called drift.
Erratical
Er*rat"ic*al (?), a. Erratic. -- Er*rat"ic*al*ly, adv. --
Er*rat"ic*al*ness, n.
Erration
Er*ra"tion (?), n. [L. erratio. See Err.] A wandering; a roving about.
[Obs.] Cockeram.
Erratum
Er*ra"tum (?), n.; pl. Errata (#). [L., fr. errare, erratum, to
wander, err. See Err.] An error or mistake in writing or printing.
A single erratum may knock out the brains of a whole passage.
Cowper.
Erthine
Er"thine (?), n. [Gr. errhin.] (Med.) A medicine designed to be
snuffed up the nose, to promote discharges of mucus; a sternutatory.
Coxe. -- a. Causing or increasing secretion of nasal mucus.
Erroneous
Er*ro"ne*ous (?), a. [L. erroneus, fr. errare to err. See Err.]
1. Wandering; straying; deviating from the right course; -- hence,
irregular; unnatural. [Obs.] "Erroneous circulation." Arbuthnot.
Stopped much of the erroneous light, which otherwise would have
disturbed the vision. Sir I. Newman.
2. Misleading; misled; mistaking. [Obs.]
An erroneous conscience commands us to do what we ought to omit.
Jer. Taylor.
3. Containing error; not conformed to truth or justice; incorrect;
false; mistaken; as, an erroneous doctrine; erroneous opinion,
observation, deduction, view, etc. -- Er*ro"ne*ous*ly, adv. --
Er*ro"ne*ous*ness, n.
Error
Er"ror (?), n. [OF. error, errur, F. erreur, L. error, fr. errare to
err. See Err.]
1. A wandering; a roving or irregular course. [Obs.]
The rest of his journey, his error by sea. B. Jonson.
2. A wandering or deviation from the right course or standard;
irregularity; mistake; inaccuracy; something made wrong or left wrong;
as, an error in writing or in printing; a clerical error.
3. A departing or deviation from the truth; falsity; false notion;
wrong opinion; mistake; misapprehension.
Herror, though his candor remained unimpaired. Bancroft.
4. A moral offense; violation of duty; a sin or transgression;
iniquity; fault. Ps. xix. 12.
5. (Math.) The difference between the approximate result and the true
result; -- used particularly in the rule of double position.
6. (Mensuration) (a) The difference between an observed value and the
true value of a quantity. (b) The difference between the observed
value of a quantity and that which is taken or computed to be the true
value; -- sometimes called residual error.
7. (Law.) A mistake in the proceedings of a court of record in matters
of law or of fact.
8. (Baseball) A fault of a player of the side in the field which
results in failure to put out a player on the other side, or gives him
an unearned base.
Law of error, OR Law of frequency of error (Mensuration), the law
which expresses the relation between the magnitude of an error and the
frequency with which that error will be committed in making a large
number of careful measurements of a quantity. -- Probable error.
(Mensuration) See under Probable. -- Writ of error (Law), an original
writ, which lies after judgment in an action at law, in a court of
record, to correct some alleged error in the proceedings, or in the
judgment of the court. Bouvier. Burrill. Syn. -- Mistake; fault;
blunder; failure; fallacy; delusion; hallucination; sin. See Blunder.
Errorful
Er"ror*ful (?), a. Full of error; wrong. Foxe.
Errorist
Er"ror*ist, n. One who encourages and propagates error; one who holds
to error.
Ers
Ers (?), n. [F., fr. L. ervum a kind of pulse, bitter vetch.] (Bot.)
The bitter vetch (Ervum Ervilia).
Erse
Erse (?), n. [A modification of Irish, OE. Irishe.] A name sometimes
given to that dialect of the Celtic which is spoken in the Highlands
of Scotland; -- called, by the Highlanders, Gaelic.
Erse
Erse, a. Of or pertaining to the Celtic race in the Highlands of
Scotland, or to their language.
Ersh
Ersh (?), n. See Arrish.
Erst
Erst (?), adv. [Orig. superlative of ere; AS. . See Ere.] [Archaic]
1. First. Chaucer.
2. Previously; before; formerly; heretofore. Chaucer.
Tityrus, with whose style he had erst disclaimed all ambition to
match his pastoral pipe. A. W. Ward.
At erst, at first; at the beginning. -- Now at erst, at this present
time. Chaucer.
Erstwhile
Erst`while" (?), adv. Till then or now; heretofore; formerly.
[Archaic]
Erubescence; 135, Erubescency
Er`u*bes"cence (?; 135), Er`u*bes"cen*cy (?), n. [L. erubescentia: cf.
F. \'82rubescence.] The act of becoming red; redness of the skin or
surface of anything; a blushing.
Erubescent
Er`u*bes"cent (?), a. [L. erubescens, p. pr. erubescere to grow red; e
out + rubescere. See Rubescent.] Red, or reddish; blushing. Johnson.
Erubescite
Er`u*bes"cite (?), n. (Min.) See Bornite.
Eruca
E*ru"ca (?), n.; pl. Eruc\'91 (#). [L., a caterpillar, also, a sort of
colewort.] (Zo\'94l.) An insect in the larval state; a caterpillar; a
larva.
Erucic
E*ru"cic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, a genus of
cruciferous Mediterranean herbs (Eruca or Brassica); as, erucic acid,
a fatty acid resembling oleic acid, and found in colza oil, mustard
oil, etc.
Erucifrom
E*ru"ci*from (?), a. [Eruca + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the form of a
caterpillar; -- said of insect larv\'91.
Eruct, Eructate
E*ruct" (?), E*ruc"tate (?), v. t. [L. eructare; e out + ructare to
belch: cf. F. \'82ructer.] To eject, as wind, from the stomach; to
belch. [R.] Howell.
Eructation
Er`uc*ta"tion (?), n. [L. eructatio: cf. F. \'82ructation.]
1. The act of belching wind from the stomach; a belch.
2. A violent belching out or emitting, as of gaseous or other matter
from the crater of a volcano, geyser, etc.
Erudiate
E*ru"di*ate (?), v. t. [L. erudire.] To instruct; to educate; to
teach. [Obs.]
The skillful goddess there erudiates these In all she did.
Fanshawe.
Erudite
Er"u*dite (?; 135), a. [L. eruditus, p. p. of erudire to free from
rudeness, to polish, instruct; e out + rudis rude: cf. F. \'82rudit.
See Rude.] Characterized by extensive reading or knowledge; well
instructed; learned. "A most erudite prince." Sir T. More. "Erudite .
. . theology." I. Taylor. -- Er"u*dite`ly, adv. -- Er"u*dite`ness, n.
Erudition
Er`u*di"tion (?), n. [L. eruditio: cf. F. \'82rudition.] The act of
instructing; the result of thorough instruction; the state of being
erudite or learned; the acquisitions gained by extensive reading or
study; particularly, learning in literature or criticism, as distinct
from the sciences; scholarship.
The management of a young lady's person is not be overlooked, but
the erudition of her mind is much more to be regarded. Steele.
The gay young gentleman whose erudition sat so easily upon him.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Literature; learning. See Literature.
Erugate
Er"u*gate (?), a. [L. erugatus, p. p. of erugare to smooth; e out +
ruga wrinkle.] Freed from wrinkles; smooth.
Eruginous
E*ru"gi*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82rugineux. See \'92ruginous.]
Partaking of the substance or nature of copper, or of the rust copper;
resembling the trust of copper or verdigris; \'91ruginous.
Erumpent
E*rum"pent (?), a. [L. erumpens, -entis, p. pr. of erumpere.] (Bot.)
Breaking out; -- said of certain fungi which burst through the texture
of leaves.
Erupt
E*rupt" (?), v. t. [See Eruption.] To cause to burst forth; to eject;
as, to erupt lava. Huxley.
Eruption
E*rup"tion (?), n. [L. eruptio, fr. erumpere, eruptum, to break out; e
out + rumpere, to break: cf. F. \'82ruption. See Rupture.]
1. The act of breaking out or bursting forth; as: (a) A violent
throwing out of flames, lava, etc., as from a volcano of a fissure in
the earth's crust. (b) A sudden and overwhelming hostile movement of
armed men from one country to another. Milton. (c) A violent
commotion.
All Paris was quiet . . . to gather fresh strength for the next
day's eruption. W. Irving.
2. That which bursts forth.
3. A violent exclamation; ejaculation.
He would . . . break out into bitter and passionate eruditions. Sir
H. Wotton.
4. (Med.) The breaking out of pimples, or an efflorescence, as in
measles, scarlatina, etc.
Eruptional
E*rup"tion*al (?), a. Eruptive. [R.] R. A. Proctor.
Eruptive
E*rup"tive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82ruptif.]
1. Breaking out or bursting forth.
The sudden glance Appears far south eruptive through the cloud.
Thomson.
2. (Med.) Attended with eruption or efflorescence, or producing it;
as, an eruptive fever.
3. (Geol.) Produced by eruption; as, eruptive rocks, such as the
igneous or volcanic.
Eruptive
E*rup"tive, n. (Geol.) An eruptive rock.
Erynggium
E*ryng"gi*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. eryngion, erynge.] (Bot.) A genus
of umbelliferous plants somewhat like thistles in appearance. Eryngium
maritimum, or sea holly, has been highly esteemed as an aphrodisiac,
the roots being formerly candied.
Eryngo
E*ryn"go (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Eryngium.
Erysipelas
Er`y*sip"e*las (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Red, and Pell, n.] (Med.) St.
Anthony's fire; a febrile disease accompanied with a diffused
inflammation of the skin, which, starting usually from a single point,
spreads gradually over its surface. It is usually regarded as
contagious, and often occurs epidemically.
Erysipelatoid
Er`y*si*pel"a*toid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resembling erysipelas.
Erysipelatous
Er`y*si*pel"a*tous (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82rysip\'82lateux.] Resembling
erysipelas, or partaking of its nature.
Erysipelous
Er`y*sip"e*lous (?), a. Erysipelatous.
Erythema
Er`y*the"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A disease of the skin, in
which a diffused inflammation forms rose-colored patches of variable
size.
Erythematic
Er`y*the*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82ryth\'82matique.] (Med.)
Characterized by, or causing, a morbid redness of the skin; relating
to erythema.
Erythematous
Er`y*them"a*tous (?), a. (Med.) Relating to, or causing, erythema.
Erythrean, Erythr\'91an
Er`y*thre"an, Er`y*thr\'91"an (?), a. [L. erythraeus; Gr. Red in
color. "The erythrean main." Milton.
Erythric
E*ryth"ric (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling,
erythrin.
Erythrin, Erythrine
E*ryth"rin, E*ryth"rine (?), n. [Gr.
1. (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance, C20H22O10, extracted
from certain lichens, as the various species of Rocella. It is a
derivative of orsellinic acid. So called because of certain red
compounds derived from it. Called also erythric acid.
2. (Min.) See Erythrite, 2.
Erythrina
Er`y*thri"na (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants
growing in the tropics; coral tree; -- so called from its red flowers.
Erythrism
E*ryth"rism (?), n. [Gr. \'82rythrisme.] (Zo\'94l.) A condition of
excessive redness. See Erythrochroism.
Erythrite
E*ryth"rite (?), n. [Gr.
1. (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance, C4H6.(OH)4, of a sweet,
cooling taste, extracted from certain lichens, and obtained by the
decomposition of erythrin; -- called also erythrol, erythroglucin,
erythromannite, pseudorcin, cobalt bloom, and under the name phycite
obtained from the alga Protococcus vulgaris. It is a tetrabasic
alcohol, corresponding to glycol and glycerin. <-- now usu. called
erythritol, HO.CH2.CHOH.CHOH.CH2.OH Has coronary vasodilator activity.
-->
2. (Min.) A rose-red mineral, crystallized and earthy, a hydrous
arseniate of cobalt, known also as cobalt bloom; -- called also
erythrin or erythrine.
Erythrochroic
E*ryth`ro*chro"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having, or subject to,
erythrochroism.
Erythrochroism
E*ryth"ro*chro*ism (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An unusual redness, esp. in
the plumage of birds, or hair of mammals, independently of age, sex,
or season.
Erythrodextrin
E*ryth`ro*dex"trin (?), n. [Gr. dextrin.] (Physiol. Chem.) A dextrin
which gives a red color with iodine. See Dextrin.
Erythrogen
E*ryth"ro*gen (?), n. [Gr. -gen.] (Chem.) (a) Carbon disulphide; -- so
called from certain red compounds which it produces in combination
with other substances. (b) A substance reddened by acids, which is
supposed to be contained in flowers. (c) A crystalline substance
obtained from diseased bile, which becomes blood-red when acted on by
nitric acid or ammonia.
Erythrogranulose
E*ryth`ro*gran"u*lose (?), n. [Gr. granulose.] (Physiol. Chem.) A term
applied by Br\'81cke to a substance present in small amount in starch
granules, colored red by iodine.
Erythroid
Er"y*throid (?), a. [Gr. -oid: cf. Gr. Of a red color; reddish; as,
the erythroid tunic (the cremaster muscle).
Erythroleic
Er`y*thro"le*ic (?), a. [Gr. oleum oil.] (Chem.) Having a red color
and oily appearance; -- applied to a purple semifluid substance said
to be obtained from archil.
Erythrolein
Er`y*thro"le*in (?), n. [See Erythroleic.] (Chem.) A red substance
obtained from litmus.
Erythrolitmin
E*ryth`ro*lit"min (?), n. [Gr. litmus.] (Chem.) Erythrolein.
Erythronium
Er`y*thro"ni*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Chem.) A name originally given
(from its red acid) to the metal vanadium. [R.]
Erythrophleine
E*ryth`ro*phle"ine (?; 104), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline alkaloid,
extracted from sassy bark (Erythrophleum Guineense).
Erythrophyll, Erythrophyllin
E*ryth"ro*phyll (?), Er`y*throph"yl*lin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Bot.)
The red coloring matter of leaves, fruits, flowers, etc., in
distinction from chlorophyll.
Erythrosin
E*ryth"ro*sin (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) (a) A red substance formed by the
oxidation of tyrosin. (b) A red dyestuff obtained from fluoresce\'8bn
by the action of iodine.
Erythroxylon
Er`y*throx"y*lon (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs or
small trees of the Flax family, growing in tropical countries. E. Coca
is the source of cocaine. See Coca.
Erythrozyme
E*ryth"ro*zyme (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A ferment extracted from
madder root, possessing the power of inducing alcoholic fermentation
in solutions of sugar.
Escalade
Es`ca*lade" (?), n. [F., Sp. escalada (cf. It. scalata), fr. Sp.
escalar to scale, LL. scalare, fr. L. scala ladder. See Scale, v. t.]
(Mil.) A furious attack made by troops on a fortified place, in which
ladders are used to pass a ditch or mount a rampart.
Sin enters, not by escalade, but by cunning or treachery.
Buckminster.
Escalade
Es`ca*lade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Escaladed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Escalading.] (Mil.) To mount and pass or enter by means of ladders; to
scale; as, to escalate a wall.
Escallop
Es*cal"lop (?), n. See Escalop.
Escalloped
Es*cal"loped (?), a. See Escaloped.
Escalop
Es*cal"op (?; 277), n. [OF. escalope shell, F. escalope a sort of cut
of meat. See Scallop.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A bivalve shell of the genus Pecten. See Scallop.
2. A regular, curving indenture in the margin of anything. See
Scallop. "So many jags or escalops." Ray.
3. (a) The figure or shell of an escalop, considered as a sign that
the bearer had been on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Hence: (b)
(Her.) A bearing or a charge consisting of an escalop shell.
Escaloped
Es*cal"oped (?), a.
1. Cut or marked in the form of an escalop; scalloped.
2. (Her.) Covered with a pattern resembling a series of escalop
shells, each of which issues from between two others. Its appearance
is that of a surface covered with scales.
Escaloped oysters (Cookery). See under Scalloped.
Escambio
Es*cam"bi*o (?), n. [LL. escambium, excambium. See Excamb.] (Eng. Law)
A license formerly required for the making over a bill of exchange to
another over sea. Cowell.
Escapable
Es*cap"a*ble (?), a. Avoidable.
Escapade
Es`ca*pade" (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. escapada escape, fr. escapar to
escape; or F., fr. It. scappata escape, escapade, fr. scappare to
escape. see Escape.]
1. The fling of a horse, or ordinary kicking back of his heels; a
gambol.
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2. Act by which one breaks loose from the rules of propriety or good
sense; a freak; a prank. Carlyle.
Escape
Es*cape" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Escaped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Escaping.] [OE. escapen, eschapen, OF. escaper, eschaper, F. echapper,
fr. LL. ex cappa out of one's cape or cloak; hence, to slip out of
one's cape and escape. See 3d Cape, and cf. Scape, v.]
1. To flee from and avoid; to be saved or exempt from; to shun; to
obtain security from; as, to escape danger. "Sailors that escaped the
wreck." Shak.
2. To avoid the notice of; to pass unobserved by; to evade; as, the
fact escaped our attention.
They escaped the search of the enemy. Ludlow.
Escape
Es*cape", v. i.
1. To flee, and become secure from danger; -- often followed by from
or out of.
Haste, for thy life escape, nor look behindKeble.
2. To get clear from danger or evil of any form; to be passed without
harm.
Such heretics . . . would have been thought fortunate, if they
escaped with life. Macaulay.
3. To get free from that which confines or holds; -- used of persons
or things; as, to escape from prison, from arrest, or from slavery;
gas escapes from the pipes; electricity escapes from its conductors.
To escape out of these meshes. Thackeray.
Escape
Es*cape", n.
1. The act of fleeing from danger, of evading harm, or of avoiding
notice; deliverance from injury or any evil; flight; as, an escape in
battle; a narrow escape; also, the means of escape; as, a fire escape.
I would hasten my escape from the windy storm. Ps. lv. 8.
2. That which escapes attention or restraint; a mistake; an oversight;
also, transgression. [Obs.]
I should have been more accurate, and corrected all those former
escapes. Burton.
3. A sally. "Thousand escapes of wit." Shak.
4. (Law) The unlawful permission, by a jailer or other custodian, of a
prisoner's departure from custody.
NOTE: &hand; Es cape is te chnically di stinguishable fr om prison
breach, which is the unlawful departure of the prisoner from
custody, escape being the permission of the departure by the
custodian, either by connivance or negligence. The term escape,
however, is applied by some of the old authorities to a departure
from custody by stratagem, or without force.
Wharton.
5. (Arch.) An apophyge.
6. Leakage or outflow, as of steam or a liquid.
7. (Elec.) Leakage or loss of currents from the conducting wires,
caused by defective insulation.
Escape pipe (Steam Boilers), a pipe for carrying away steam that
escapes through a safety valve. -- Escape valve (Steam Engine), a
relief valve; a safety valve. See under Relief, and Safety. -- Escape
wheel (Horol.), the wheel of an escapement.
Escapement
Es*cape"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82chappement. See Escape.]
1. The act of escaping; escape. [R.]
2. Way of escape; vent. [R.]
An escapement for youthful high spirits. G. Eliot.
3. The contrivance in a timepiece which connects the train of wheel
work with the pendulum or balance, giving to the latter the impulse by
which it is kept in vibration; -- so called because it allows a tooth
to escape from a pallet at each vibration.
NOTE: &hand; Es capements are of several kinds, as the vertical, or
verge, or crown, escapement, formerly used in watches, in which two
pallets on the balance arbor engage with a crown wheel; the anchor
escapement, in which an anchor-shaped piece carries the pallets; --
used in common clocks (both are called recoil escapements, from the
recoil of the escape wheel at each vibration); the cylinder
escapement, having an open-sided hollow cylinder on the balance
arbor to control the escape wheel; the duplex escapement, having
two sets of teeth on the wheel; the lever escapement, which is a
kind of detached escapement, because the pallets are on a lever so
arranged that the balance which vibrates it is detached during the
greater part of its vibration and thus swings more freely; the
detent escapement, used in chronometers; the remontoir escapement,
in which the escape wheel is driven by an independent spring or
weight wound up at intervals by the clock train, -- sometimes used
in astronomical clocks. When the shape of an escape-wheel tooth is
such that it falls dead on the pallet without recoil, it forms a
deadbeat escapement.
Escaper
Es*cap"er (?), n. One who escapes.
Escarbuncle
Es*car"bun*cle (?), n. [OF. escarbuncle, F. escaboucle.] (Her.) See
Carbuncle, 3.
Escargatoire
Es*car`ga*toire" (?), n. [F. escargoti\'8are, fr. escargot snail.] A
nursery of snails. [Obs.] Addison.
Escarp
Es*carp" (?), n. [F. escarpe (cf. Sp. escarpa, It. scarpa), fr.
escarper to cut steep, cut to a slope, prob. of German origin: cf. G.
scharf sharp,, E. sharp, or perh. scrape.] (Fort.) The side of the
ditch next the parapet; -- same as scarp, and opposed to counterscarp.
Escarp
Es*carp", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Escarped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Escarping.] (Mil.) To make into, or furnish with, a steep slope, like
that of a scrap. Carleton.
Escarpment
Es*carp"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. escarpement.] A steep descent or
declivity; steep face or edge of a ridge; ground about a fortified
place, cut away nearly vertically to prevent hostile approach. See
Scarp.
-escent
-es"cent (?). [From the ending -escens, -entis, of the p. pr. of
inchoative verbs in Latin.] A suffix signifying beginning, beginning
to be; as, adolescent, effervescent, etc.
Eschalot
Esch`a*lot" (?), n. (Bot.) See Shallot.
Eschar
Es"char (?), n. [L. eschara, Gr. eschare. See Scar.] (Med.) A dry
slough, crust, or scab, which separates from the healthy part of the
body, as that produced by a burn, or the application of caustics.
Eschar
Es"char (?), n. [Ir.] (Geol.) In Ireland, one of the continuous mounds
or ridges of gravelly and sandy drift which extend for many miles over
the surface of the country. Similar ridges in Scotland are called
kames or kams. [Written also eskar and esker.]
Eschara
Es"cha*ra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Bryozoa which
produce delicate corals, often incrusting like lichens, but sometimes
branched.
Escharine
Es"cha*rine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like, or pertaining to, the genus
Eschara, or family Escharid\'91.
Escharotic
Es`cha*rot"ic (?), a. [Gr. escharotique.] (Med.) Serving or tending to
form an eschar;; producing a scar; caustic.
Escharotic
Es`cha*rot"ic, n. (Med.) A substance which produces an eschar; a
caustic, esp., a mild caustic.
Eschatological
Es`cha*to*log"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to the last or final things.
Eschatology
Es`cha*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The doctrine of the last or final
things, as death, judgment, and the events therewith connected.
Eschaunge
Es*chaunge" (?), n. Exchange. [Obs.]
Escheat
Es*cheat" (?), n. [OE. eschete, escheyte, an escheat, fr. OF. escheit,
escheoit, escheeite, esheoite, fr. escheoir (F. \'82choir) to fall to,
fall to the lot of; pref. es- (L. ex) + cheoir, F. choir, to fall, fr.
L. cadere. See Chance, and cf. Cheat.]
1. (Law) (a) (Feud. & Eng. Law) The falling back or reversion of
lands, by some casualty or accident, to the lord of the fee, in
consequence of the extinction of the blood of the tenant, which may
happen by his dying without heirs, and formerly might happen by
corruption of blood, that is, by reason of a felony or attainder.
Tomlins. Blackstone. (b) (U. S. Law) The reverting of real property to
the State, as original and ultimate proprietor, by reason of a failure
of persons legally entitled to hold the same.
NOTE: &hand; A di stinction is carefully made, by English writers,
between escheat to the lord of the fee and forfeiture to the crown.
But in this country, where the State holds the place of chief lord
of the fee, and is entitled to take alike escheat and by
forfeiture, this distinction is not essential.
Tomlins. Kent. (c) A writ, now abolished, to recover escheats from the
person in possession. Blackstone.
2. Lands which fall to the lord or the State by escheat.
3. That which falls to one; a reversion or return
To make me great by others' loss is bad escheat. Spenser.
Escheat
Es*cheat", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Esheated; p. pr. & vb. n. Escheating.]
(Law) To revert, or become forfeited, to the lord, the crown, or the
State, as lands by the failure of persons entitled to hold the same,
or by forfeiture.
NOTE: &hand; In th is country it is the general rule that when the
title to land fails by defect of heirs or devisees, it necessarily
escheats to the State; but forfeiture of estate from crime is
hardly known in this country, and corruption of blood is
universally abolished.
Kent. Bouvier.
Escheat
Es*cheat", v. t. (Law) To forfeit. Bp. Hall.
Escheatable
Es*cheat"a*ble (?), a. Liable to escheat.
Escheatage
Es*cheat"age (?; 48), n. The right of succeeding to an escheat.
Sherwood.
Escheator
Es*cheat"or (?), n. (Law) An officer whose duty it is to observe what
escheats have taken place, and to take charge of them. Burrill.
Eschevin
Es"che*vin (?), n. [OF. eschevin, a sort of magistrate, alderman, F.
\'82chevin.] The alderman or chief officer of an ancient guild. [Obs.]
Eschew
Es*chew" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eshewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eshewing.] [OF. eschever, eschiver, eskiver, F. esquiver, fr. OHG.
sciuhen, G. scheuen; akin to E. sky. See Shy, a.]
1. To shun; to avoid, as something wrong, or from a feeling of
distaste; to keep one's self clear of.
They must not only eschew evil, but do good. Bp. Beveridge.
2. To escape from; to avoid. [Obs.]
He who obeys, destruction shall eschew. Sandys.
Eschewer
Es*chew"er (?), n. One who eschews.
Eschewment
Es*chew"ment (?), n. The act of eschewing. [R.]
Eschscholtzia
Esch*scholtz"i*a (?), n. [NL. Named after Dr. Eschscholtz, a German
botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of papaveraceous plants, found in California
and upon the west coast of North America, some species of which
produce beautiful yellow, orange, rose-colored, or white flowers; the
California poppy.
Eschynite
Es"chy*nite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A rare mineral, containing chiefly
niobium, titanium, thorium, and cerium. It was so called by Berzelius
on account of the inability of chemical science, at the time of its
discovery, to separate some of its constituents.
Escocheon
Es*coch"eon (?), n. Escutcheon. [Obs.]
Escopet, Escopette
Es`co*pet", Es`co*pette" (?), n. [Sp. escopeta, F. escopette.] A kind
of firearm; a carbine.
Escorial
Es*co"ri*al (?), n. [Sp.] See Escurial.
Escort
Es"cort (?), n. [F. escorte, It. scorta a guard or guide, fr. scorgere
to perceive, discern, lead, fr. L. ex out, quite + corrigere to
correct, set right. See Correct.]
1. A body of armed men to attend a person of distinction for the sake
of affording safety when on a journey; one who conducts some one as an
attendant; a guard, as of prisoners on a march; also, a body of
persons, attending as a mark of respect or honor; -- applied to
movements on land, as convoy is to movements at sea.
The troops of my escort marched at the ordinary rate. Burke.
2. Protection, care, or safeguard on a journey or excursion; as, to
travel under the escort of a friend.
Escort
Es*cort" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Escorted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Escorting.] [Cf. F. escorter, It. scortare. See Escort, n.] To attend
with a view to guard and protect; to accompany as safeguard; to give
honorable or ceremonious attendance to; -- used esp. with reference to
journeys or excursions on land; as, to escort a public functionary, or
a lady; to escort a baggage wagon. Syn. -- To accompany; attend. See
Accompany.
Escot
Es*cot" (?), n. [OF.] See Scot, a tax. [Obs.]
Escot
Es*cot", v. t. To pay the reckoning for; to support; to maintain.
[Obs.] Shak.
Escouade
Es`couade" (?), n. See Squad,
Escout
Es*cout" (?), n. See Scout. [Obs.] Hayward.
Escribed
Es*cribed" (?), a. [L. e out, out of + scribere to write.] Drawn
outside of; -- used to designate a circle that touches one of the
sides of a given triangle, and also the other two sides produced.
Escript
Es"cript (?), n. [OF.] A writing. [Obs.]
Escritoire
Es`cri*toire" (?), n. [OF. escritoire, F. \'82critoire, LL.
scriptorium, fr. L. scriptorius belonging to writing, fr. sribere to
write. See Script, and cf. Scrutoire.] A piece of furniture used as a
writing table, commonly with drawers, pigeonholes, and the like; a
secretary or writing desk.
Escritorial
Es`cri*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an escritoire.
Escrod
Es*crod" (?), n. See Scrod, a young cod.
Escrol, Escroll
Es*crol", Es*croll" (?), n. [See Escrow, Scroll.]
1. A scroll. [Obs.]
2. (Her.) (a) A long strip or scroll resembling a ribbon or a band of
parchment, or the like, anciently placed above the shield, and
supporting the crest. (b) In modern heraldry, a similar ribbon on
which the motto is inscribed.
Escrow
Es"crow (?), n. [OF. escroe, escroue, a roll of writings, bond. See
Scroll.] (Law) A deed, bond, or other written engagement, delivered to
a third person, to be held by him till some act is done or some
condition is performed, and then to be by him delivered to the
grantee. Blackstone.
Escuage
Es"cu*age (?; 48), n. [OF. escuage, F. \'82cuage, from OF. escu
shield, F. \'82cu. See Esquire.] (Feud. Law) Service of the shield, a
species of knight service by which a tenant was bound to follow his
lord to war, at his own charge. It was afterward exchanged for a
pecuniary satisfaction. Called also scutage. Blackstone.
Esculapian
Es`cu*la"pi*an (?), n. \'92sculapian.
Esculapius
Es`cu*la"pi*us (?), n. Same as \'92sculapius.
Esculent
Es"cu*lent (?), a. [L. esculentus, fr. escare to eat, fr. esca food,
fr. edere to eat: cf. F. esculent. See Eat.] Suitable to be used by
man for food; eatable; edible; as, esculent plants; esculent fish.
Esculent grain for food. Sir W. Jones.
Esculent swallow (Zo\'94l.), the swallow which makes the edible
bird's-nest. See Edible bird's-nest, under Edible.
Esculent
Es"cu*lent, n. Anything that is fit for eating; that which may be
safely eaten by man.
Esculic
Es*cu"lic (?), a. [From NL. Aesculus, the generic name of the
horse-chestnut, fr. L. aesculus a kind of oak.] (Chem.) Pertaining to,
or obtained from, the horse-chestnut; as, esculic acid.
Esculin
Es*cu"lin (?), n. [See Esculic.] (Chem.) A glucoside obtained from the
\'92sculus hippocastanum, or horse-chestnut, and characterized by its
fine blue fluorescent solutions. [Written also \'91sculin.]
Escurial
Es*cu"ri*al (?), n. [Prop. Sp. escorial, i. e., a hill or heap of
rubbish, earth, and stones brought out of a mine, fr. escoria dross of
metal, L. scoria, fr. Gr. Scoria.] A palace and mausoleum of the kinds
of Spain, being a vast and wonderful structure about twenty-five miles
northwest of Madrid.
NOTE: &hand; Th e gr ound pl an is sa id to be in the form of a
gridiron, the structure being designed in honor of St. Lawrence,
who suffered martyrdom by being broiled on gridiron; but the
resemblance is very slight. It is nearly square, inclosing several
courts, and has a projecting mass which stands for the handle.
Escutcheon
Es*cutch"eon (?), n. [OF. escusson, F. \'82cusson, from OF. escu
shield, F. \'82cu. See Esquire, Scutcheon.]
1. (Her.) The surface, usually a shield, upon which bearings are
marshaled and displayed. The surface of the escutcheon is called the
field, the upper part is called the chief, and the lower part the base
(see Chiff, and Field.). That side of the escutcheon which is on the
right hand of the knight who bears the shield on his arm is called
dexter, and the other side sinister.
NOTE: &hand; Th e tw o si des of an es cutcheon ar e respectively
designated as dexter and sinister, as in the cut, and the different
parts or points by the following names: A, Dexter chief point; B,
Middle chief point; C, Sinister chief point; D, Honor or color
point; E, Fesse or heart point; F, Nombrill or navel point; G,
Dexter base point; H, Middle base point; I, base point.
2. A marking upon the back of a cow's udder and the space above it
(the perineum), formed by the hair growing upward or outward instead
of downward. It is esteemed an index of milking qualities. C. L.
Flint.
3. (Naut.) That part of a vessel's stern on which her name is written.
R. H. Dane, Jr.
4. (Carp.) A thin metal plate or shield to protect wood, or for
ornament, as the shield around a keyhole.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The depression behind the beak of certain bivalves; the
ligamental area.
Escutcheon of pretense, an escutcheon used in English heraldry to
display the arms of the bearer's wife; -- not commonly used unless she
an heiress. Cf. Impalement.
Escutcheoned
Es*cutch"eoned (?), a. Having an escutcheon; furnished with a coat of
arms or ensign. Young.
Ese
Ese (?), n. Ease; pleasure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Esemplastic
Es`em*plas"tic (?), a. [Gr. Plastic.] Shaped into one; tending to, or
formative into, unity. [R.] Coleridge. <-- p. 510 -->
Eserine
Es"er*ine (?; 104), n. [From native name of the Calabar bean: cf. F.
\'82s\'82rine.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found in the Calabar bean, and the
seed of Physostigma venenosum; physostigmine. It is used in ophthalmic
surgery for its effect in contracting the pupil.
Esexual
E*sex"u*al (?), a. [Pref. e- + sexual.] (Biol.) Sexless; asexual.
Esguard
Es*guard" (?), n. [Cf. OF. esgart regard, F. \'82gard. See Guard.]
Guard. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Eskar, OR Esker
Es"kar (?), OR Es"ker, n. (Geol.) See Eschar.
Eskimo
Es"ki*mo (?), n.; pl. Eskimos (#). [Originally applied by the
Algonquins to the Northern Indians, and meaning eaters of raw flesh.]
(Ethnol.) One of a peculiar race inhabiting Arctic America and
Greenland. In many respects the Eskimos resemble the Mongolian race.
[Written also Esquimau.] Eskimo dog (Zo\'94l.), one of breed of large
and powerful dogs used by the Eskimos to draw sledges. It closely
resembles the gray wolf, with which it is often crossed.<-- husky? -->
Esloin
Es*loin" (?), v. t. [See Eloign.] To remove; to banish; to withdraw;
to avoid; to eloign. [Obs.]
From worldly cares he did himself esloin. Spenser.
Esnecy
Es"ne*cy (?), n. [See Eigne.] (Eng. Law) A prerogative given to the
eldest coparcener to choose first after an inheritance is divide.
Mozley & W.
Esodic
E*sod"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Physiol.) Conveying impressions from the
surface of the body to the spinal cord; -- said of certain nerves.
Opposed to exodic.
Esophagal
E*soph"a*gal (?), a. (Anat.) Esophageal.
Esophageal
E`so*phag"e*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the esophagus. [Written
also .]
Esophagean
E`so*phag"e*an (?), a. (Anat.) Esophageal.
Esophagotomy
E*soph`a*got"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) The operation of making an
incision into the esophagus, for the purpose of removing any foreign
substance that obstructs the passage. [Written also \'d2sophagotomy.]
Esophagus
E*soph"a*gus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. v\'c6 to go, drive) + (Anat.) That
part of the alimentary canal between the pharynx and the stomach; the
gullet. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus, under Digestive. [Written
also .]
Esopian, Esopic
E*so"pi*an (?), E*so"pic (?), a. Same as \'92sopian, \'92sopic.
Esoteric
Es`o*ter"ic (?), a. [Gr. In.] Designed for, and understood by, the
specially initiated alone; not communicated, or not intelligible, to
the general body of followers; private; interior; acroamatic; -- said
of the private and more recondite instructions and doctrines of
philosophers. Opposed to exoteric.
Enough if every age produce two or three critics of this esoteric
class, with here and there a reader to understand them. De Quincey.
Esoterical
Es`o*ter"ic*al (?), a. Esoteric.
Esoterically
Es`o*ter"ic*al*ly, adv. In an esoteric manner.
Esotericism
Es`o*ter"i*cism (?), n. Esoteric doctrine or principles.
Esoterics
Es`o*ter"ics (?), n. Mysterious or hidden doctrines; secret science.
Esotery
Es"o*ter*y (?), n. Mystery; esoterics; -- opposed to exotery. A.
Tucker.
Esox
E"sox (?), n. [L., a kind of pike.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fresh-water
fishes, including pike and pickerel.
Espace
Es*pace" (?), n. Space. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Espadon
Es"pa*don (?), n. [F. espadon, fr. Sp. espadon, fr. espada sword; or
fr. It. spadone an espadon, spada sword.] A long, heavy, two-handed
and two-edged sword, formerly used by Spanish foot soldiers and by
executioners. Wilhelm.
Espalier
Es*pal"ier (?), n. [F. espalier, fr. It. spalliera, fr. spalla
shoulder, the same word as F. \'82paule. See Epaulet.] (Hort.) A
railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs are trained, as
upon a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained.
And figs from standard and espalier join. Pope.
Espalier
Es*pal"ier, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Espaliered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Espaliering.] To form an espalier of, or to protect by an espalier.
Esparcet
Es*par"cet (?), n. [F. esparcet, esparcette, \'82parcet, fr. Sp.
esparceta, esparcilla.] (Bot.) The common sainfoin (Onobrychis
sativa), an Old World leguminous forage plant.
Esparto
Es*par"to (?), n. [Sp.; cf. L. spartum Spanish broom, Gr. (Bot.) A
species of Spanish grass (Macrochloa tenacissima), of which cordage,
shoes, baskets, etc., are made. It is also used for making paper.
Espauliere
Es`pau`liere" (?), n. [OF. & F. \'82pauli\'8are. See Espalier.] A
defense for the shoulder, composed of flexible overlapping plates of
metal, used in the 15th century; -- the origin of the modern
epaulette. Fairholt.
Especial
Es*pe"cial (?), a. [OF. especial, F. sp\'82cial, L. specialis, fr.
species a particular sort, kind, or quality. See Species, and cf.
Special.] Distinguished among others of the same class or kind;
special; concerning a species or a single object; principal;
particular; as, in an especial manner or degree. Syn. -- Peculiar;
special; particular; uncommon; chief. See Peculiar.
Especially
Es*pe"cial*ly, adv. In an especial manner; chiefly; particularly;
peculiarly; in an uncommon degree.
Especialness
Es*pe"cial*ness (?), n. The state of being especial.
Esperance
Es"pe*rance (?), n. [F. esp\'82rance, fr. L. sperans, p. pr. of
sperare to hope.] Hope. [Obs.] Shak.
Espiaille
Es`pi*aille" (?), n. Espial. [Obs.]
Espial
Es*pi"al (?), n. [OE. & Norm. F. espiaille. See Espy.]
1. The act of espying; notice; discovery.
Screened from espial by the jutting cape. Byron.
2. One who espies; a spy; a scout. [Obs.] "Their espials . . . brought
word." Holland.
Espier
Es*pi"er (?), n. One who espies. Harmar.
Espinel
Es"pi*nel (?), n. A kind of ruby. See Spinel.
Espionage
Es"pi*o*nage (?; 277), n. [F. espionnage, fr. espionner to spy, fr.
espion spy, OF. espie. See Espy.] The practice or employment of spies;
the practice of watching the words and conduct of others, to make
discoveries, as spies or secret emissaries; secret watching.
Esplanade
Es`pla*nade" (?), n. [F. esplanade, Sp. esplanada, explanada, cf. It.
spianata; fr. Sp. explanar to level, L. explanare to flatten or spread
out. See Explain.]
1. (Fort.) (a) A clear space between a citadel and the nearest houses
of the town. Campbell (Mil. Dict. ). (b) The glacis of the
counterscarp, or the slope of the parapet of the covered way toward
the country.
2. (Hort.) A grass plat; a lawn. Simmonds.
3. Any clear, level space used for public walks or drives; esp., a
terrace by the seaside.
Esplees
Es*plees" (?), n. pl. [LL. expletia, OF. espleit. Cf. Exploit.] (Old
Eng. Law) The full profits or products which ground or land yields, as
the hay of the meadows, the feed of the pasture, the grain of arable
fields, the rents, services, and the like. Cowell.
Espousage
Es*pous"age (?), n. Espousal. [Obs.] Latimer.
Espousal
Es*pous"al (?), n. [OF. espousailles, pl., F. \'82pousailles, L.
sponsalia, fr. sponsalis belonging to betrothal or espousal. See
Espouse, and cf. Sponsal, Spousal.]
1. The act of espousing or betrothing; especially, in the plural,
betrothal; plighting of the troths; a contract of marriage; sometimes,
the marriage ceremony.
2. The uniting or allying one's self with anything; maintenance;
adoption; as, the espousal of a quarrel.
The open espousal of his cause. Lord Orford.
Espouse
Es*pouse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Espoused (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Espousing.] [OF. espouser, esposer, F. \'82pouser, L. sponsare to
betroth, espouse, fr. sponsus betrothed, p. p. of spondere to promise
solemnly or sacredly. Cf. Spouse.]
1. To betroth; to promise in marriage; to give as spouse.
A virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph. Luke i. 27.
2. To take as spouse; to take to wife; to marry.
Lavinia will I make my empress, . . . And in the sacred Pantheon
her espouse. Shak.
3. To take to one's self with a view to maintain; to make one's own;
to take up the cause of; to adopt; to embrace. "He espoused that
quarrel." Bacon.
Promised faithfully to espouse his cause as soon as he got out of
the war. Bp. Burnet.
Espousement
Es*pouse"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. espousement.] The act of espousing, or
the state of being espoused.
Espouser
Es*pous"er (?), n. One who espouses; one who embraces the cause of
another or makes it his own.
Espressivo
Es`pres*si"vo (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) With expression.
Espringal
Es*prin"gal (?), n. [See Springal.] (Mil. Antiq.) An engine of war
used for throwing viretons, large stones, and other missiles; a
springal.
Esprit
Es`prit" (?), n. [F. See Spirit.] Spirit. Esprit de corps (, a French
phrase much used by English writers to denote the common spirit
pervading the members of a body or association of persons. It implies
sympathy, enthusiasm, devotion, and jealous regard for the honor of
the body as a whole.
Espy
Es*py" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Espied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Espying.]
[OF. espier, F. \'82pier, from OHG. speh to watch, spy, G. sp\'84hen;
akin to L. specere to look, species sight, shape, appearance, kind.
See Spice, Spy, and cf. Espionage.]
1. To catch sight of; to perceive with the eyes; to discover, as a
distant object partly concealed, or not obvious to notice; to see at a
glance; to discern unexpectedly; to spy; as, to espy land; to espy a
man in a crowd.
As one of them opened his sack to give his ass provender in the
inn, . . . he espied his money. Gen. xlii. 27.
A goodly vessel did I then espy Come like a giant from a haven
broad. Wordsworth.
2. To inspect narrowly; to examine and keep watch upon; to watch; to
observe.
He sends angels to espy us in all our ways. Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- To discern; discover; detect; descry; spy.
Espy
Es*py", v. i. To look or search narrowly; to look about; to watch; to
take notice; to spy.
Stand by the way, and espy. Jer. xlviii. 19.
Espy
Es*py", n.; pl. Espies (#). [OF. espie. See Espy, v., Spy.] A spy; a
scout. [Obs.] Huloet.
-esque
-esque (?). [F., fr. It. -isco. Cf. -ish.] A suffix of certain words
from the French, Italian, and Spanish. It denotes manner or style;
like; as, arabesque, after the manner of the Arabs.
Esquimau
Es"qui*mau (?), n.; pl. Esquimaux (#). [F.] Same as Eskimo.
It is . . . an error to suppose that where an Esquimau can live, a
civilized man can live also. McClintock.
Esquire
Es*quire" (?), n. [OF. escuyer, escuier, properly, a shield-bearer, F.
\'82cuyer shield-bearer, armor-bearer, squire of a knight, esquire,
equerry, rider, horseman, LL. scutarius shield-bearer, fr. L. scutum
shield, akin to Gr. to cover; prob. akin to E. hide to cover. See Hide
to cover, and cf. Equerry, Escutcheon.] Originally, a shield-bearer or
armor-bearer, an attendant on a knight; in modern times, a title of
dignity next in degree below knight and above gentleman; also, a title
of office and courtesy; -- often shortened to squire.
NOTE: &hand; In En gland, the title of esquire belongs by right of
birth to the eldest sons of knights and their eldest sons in
perpetual succession; to the eldest sons of younger sons of peers
and their eldest sons in perpetual succession. It is also given to
sheriffs, to justices of the peace while in commission, to those
who bear special office in the royal household, to counselors at
law, bachelors of divinity, law, or physic, and to others. In the
United States the title is commonly given in courtesy to lawyers
and justices of the peace, and is often used in the superscription
of letters instead of Mr.
Esquire
Es*quire" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Esquired (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Esquiring.] To wait on as an esquire or attendant in public; to
attend. [Colloq.]
Esquisse
Es`quisse" (?), n. [F. See Sketch.] (Fine Arts) The first sketch of a
picture or model of a statue.
-ess
-ess (?). [OF. -esse, LL. -issa, Gr. A suffix used to form feminine
nouns; as, actress, deaconess, songstress.
Essay
Es"say (?), n.; pl. Essays (#). [F. essai, fr. L. exagium a weighing,
weight, balance; ex out + agere to drive, do; cf. examen, exagmen, a
means of weighing, a weighing, the tongue of a balance, exigere to
drive out, examine, weigh, Gr. 'exa`gion a weight, 'exagia`zein to
examine, 'exa`gein to drive out, export. See Agent, and cf. Exact,
Examine, Assay.]
1. An effort made, or exertion of body or mind, for the performance of
anything; a trial; attempt; as, to make an essay to benefit a friend.
"The essay at organization." M. Arnold.
2. (Lit.) A composition treating of any particular subject; -- usually
shorter and less methodical than a formal, finished treatise; as, an
essay on the life and writings of Homer; an essay on fossils, or on
commerce.
3. An assay. See Assay, n. [Obs.] Syn. -- Attempt; trial; endeavor;
effort; tract; treatise; dissertation; disquisition.
Essay
Es*say" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Essayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Essaying.] [F. essayer. See Essay, n.]
1. To exert one's power or faculties upon; to make an effort to
perform; to attempt; to endeavor; to make experiment or trial of; to
try.
What marvel if I thus essay to sing? Byron.
Essaying nothing she can not perform. Emerson.
A danger lest the young enthusiast . . . should essay the
impossible. J. C. Shairp.
2. To test the value and purity of (metals); to assay. See Assay.
[Obs.] Locke.
Essayer
Es*say"er (?), n. One who essays. Addison.
Essayist
Es"say*ist (?; 277), n. A writer of an essay, or of essays. B. Jonson.
Essence
Es"sence (?), n. [F. essence, L. essentia, formed as if fr. a p. pr.
of esse to be. See Is, and cf. Entity.]
1. The constituent elementary notions which constitute a complex
notion, and must be enumerated to define it; sometimes called the
nominal essence.
2. The constituent quality or qualities which belong to any object, or
class of objects, or on which they depend for being what they are
(distinguished as real essence); the real being, divested of all
logical accidents; that quality which constitutes or marks the true
nature of anything; distinctive character; hence, virtue or quality of
a thing, separated from its grosser parts.
The laws are at present, both in form and essence, the greatest
curse that society labors under. Landor.
Gifts and alms are the expressions, not the essence of this virtue
[charity]. Addison.
The essence of Addison's humor is irony. Courthope.
3. Constituent substance.
And uncompounded is their essence pure. Milton.
4. A being; esp., a purely spiritual being.
As far as gods and heavenly essences Can perish. Milton.
He had been indulging in fanciful speculations on spiritual
essences, until . . . he had and ideal world of his own around him.
W. Irving.
5. The predominant qualities or virtues of a plant or drug, extracted
and refined from grosser matter; or, more strictly, the solution in
spirits of wine of a volatile or essential oil; as, the essence of
mint, and the like.
The . . . word essence . . . scarcely underwent a more complete
transformation when from being the abstract of the verb "to be," it
came to denote something sufficiently concrete to be inclosed in a
glass bottle. J. S. Mill.
6. Perfume; odor; scent; or the volatile matter constituting perfume.
Nor let the essences exhale. Pope.
Essence
Es"sence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Essenced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Essencing
(?).] To perfume; to scent. "Essenced fops." Addison.
Essene
Es*sene" (?), n.; pl. Essenes (#). [Gr. \'besay\'be to heal, cf. Heb.
as\'be.] One of a sect among the Jews in the time of our Savior,
remarkable for their strictness and abstinence.
Essenism
Es"se*nism (?), n. The doctrine or the practices of the Essenes. De
Quincey.
Essential
Es*sen"tial (?), a. [Cf. F. essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object, or class
of objects, what it is.
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was forever in it an
essential character of plaintiveness. Hawthorne.
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
Is it true, that thou art but a a name, And no essential thing?
Webster (1623).
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the attainment of
an object; indispensably necessary.
Judgment's more essential to a general Than courage. Denham.
How to live? -- that is the essential question for us. H. Spencer.
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a substance, as
of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence, unmixed; as, an essential
oil. "Mine own essential horror." Ford.
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Page 511
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones which
constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental or passing tones.
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics which serve
to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from another. -- Essential
disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is not dependent on another.
-- Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted from
plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its characteristic odor, and
hot burning taste. They are used in essences, perfumery, etc., and
include many varieties of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, oil of
bitter almonds an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal salt, etc.;
-- called also volatile oils in distinction from the fixed or
nonvolatile.
Esential
E*sen"tial (?), n.
1. Existence; being. [Obs.] Milton.
2. That which is essential; first or constituent principle; as, the
essentials or religion.
Essentiality
Es*sen`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being essential; the
essential part. Jer. Taylor.
Esentially
E*sen"tial*ly (?), adv. In an essential manner or degree; in an
indispensable degree; really; as, essentially different.
Esentialness
E*sen"tial*ness, n. Essentiality. Ld. Digby.
Essentiate
Es*sen"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Essentiated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Essentiating.] To form or constitute the essence or being of. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Essentiate
Es*sen"ti*ate, v. i. To become assimilated; to be changed into the
essence. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Essoin OR Essoign
Es*soin" (?) OR Es*soign, n. [OF. essoine, essoigne, F. exoine, L.
essonia, exonia; pref. ex- (L. ex from) + sunnis, sunnia, sonia,
hindrance, excuse. Cf. Icel. syn refusal, synja to deny, refuse, Goth.
sunja truth, sunj&omac;n to justify, OS. sunnea impediment, OHG.
sunna.]
1. (Eng. Law) An excuse for not appearing in court at the return of
process; the allegation of an excuse to the court.
2. Excuse; exemption. [Obs.]
From every work he challenged essoin. Spenser.
Essoin day (Eng. Law), the first general return day of the term, on
which the court sits to receive essoins. Blackstone.
Essoin
Es*soin", v. t. [OF. essoinier, essoignier, essonier, LL. essoniare,
exoniare. See Essoin, n.] (Eng. Law) To excuse for nonappearance in
court. "I 'll not essoin thee." Quarles.
Essoiner
Es*soin"er (?), n. (Eng. Law) An attorney who sufficiently excuses the
absence of another.
Essonite
Es"so*nite (?), n. [Named from Gr. e. g., hyacinth.] (Min.) Cinnamon
stone, a variety of garnet. See Garnet.
Essorant
Es"so*rant (?), a. [F.] (Her.) Standing, but with the wings spread, as
if about to fly; -- said of a bird borne as a charge on an escutcheon.
Est
Est (?), n. & adv. East. [Obs.] Chaucer.
-est
-est (?). [AS. -ost, -est; akin to G. -est, -ist, Icel. -astr, -str,
Goth. -ists, -, Skr. -ish.] A suffix used to form the superlative of
adjectives and adverbs; as, smoothest; earl(y)iest.
Establish
Es*tab"lish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Established (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Establishing.] [OE. establissen, OF. establir, F. \'82tablir, fr. L.
stabilire, fr. stabilis firm, steady, stable. See Stable, a., -ish,
and cf. Stablish.]
1. To make stable or firm; to fix immovably or firmly; to set (a
thing) in a place and make it stable there; to settle; to confirm.
So were the churches established in the faith. Acts xvi. 5.
The best established tempers can scarcely forbear being borne down.
Burke.
Confidence which must precede union could be established only by
consummate prudence and self-control. Bancroft.
2. To appoint or constitute for permanence, as officers, laws,
regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain.
By the consent of all, we were established The people's
magistrates. Shak.
Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the writing, that it be
not changed. Dan. vi. 8.
3. To originate and secure the permanent existence of; to found; to
institute; to create and regulate; -- said of a colony, a state, or
other institutions.
He hath established it [the earth], he created it not in vain, he
formed it to be inhabited. Is. xlv. 18.
Woe to him that buildeth a town with blood, and establisheth a city
by iniquity! Hab. ii. 12.
4. To secure public recognition in favor of; to prove and cause to be
accepted as true; as, to establish a fact, usage, principle, opinion,
doctrine, etc.
At the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses,
shall the matter be established. Deut. xix. 15.
5. To set up in business; to place advantageously in a fixed
condition; -- used reflexively; as, he established himself in a place;
the enemy established themselves in the citadel.
Establisher
Es*tab"lish*er (?), n. One who establishes.
Establishment
Es*tab"lish*ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. establissement, F.
\'82tablissement.]
1. The act of establishing; a ratifying or ordaining; settlement;
confirmation.
2. The state of being established, founded, and the like; fixed state.
3. That which is established; as: (a) A form of government, civil or
ecclesiastical; especially, a system of religion maintained by the
civil power; as, the Episcopal establishment of England. (b) A
permanent civil, military, or commercial, force or organization. (c)
The place in which one is permanently fixed for residence or business;
residence, including grounds, furniture, equipage, etc.; with which
one is fitted out; also, any office or place of business, with its
fixtures; that which serves for the carrying on of a business; as, to
keep up a large establishment; a manufacturing establishment.
Exposing the shabby parts of the establishment. W. Irving.
Establishment of the port (Hydrography), a datum on which the tides
are computed at the given port, obtained by observation, viz., the
interval between the moon's passage over the meridian and the time of
high water at the port, on the days of new and full moon.
Establishmentarian
Es*tab`lish*men*ta"ri*an (?), n. One who regards the Church primarily
as an establishment formed by the State, and overlooks its intrinsic
spiritual character. Shipley.
Estacade
Es`ta*cade" (?), n. [F.; cf. It. steccata, Sp. estacada. Cf. Stake.]
(Mil.) A dike of piles in the sea, a river, etc., to check the
approach of an enemy.
Estafet, Estafette
Es`ta*fet", Es`ta*fette" (?), n. [F. estafette, cf. Sp. estafeta; fr.
It. stafetta, fr. staffa stirrup, fr. OHG. stapho footstep, footprint,
G. stapfe; akin to E. step.] A courier who conveys messages to another
courier; a military courier sent from one part of an army to another.
Estancia
Es*tan"ci*a (?), n. [Sp. See Stanza.] A grazing; a country house.
[Spanish America]
Estate
Es*tate" (?), n. [OF. estat, F. \'82tat, L. status, fr. stare to
stand. See Stand, and cf. State.]
1. Settled condition or form of existence; state; condition or
circumstances of life or of any person; situation. "When I came to
man's estate." Shak.
Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate. Romans
xii. 16.
2. Social standing or rank; quality; dignity.
God hath imprinted his authority in several parts, upon several
estates of men. Jer. Taylor.
3. A person of high rank. [Obs.]
She's a duchess, a great estate. Latimer.
Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords, high captains,
and chief estates of Galilee. Mark vi. 21.
4. A property which a person possesses; a fortune; possessions, esp.
property in land; also, property of all kinds which a person leaves to
be divided at his death.
See what a vast estate he left his son. Dryden.
5. The state; the general body politic; the common-wealth; the general
interest; state affairs. [Obs.]
I call matters of estate not only the parts of sovereignty, but
whatsoever . . . concerneth manifestly any great portion of people.
Bacon.
6. pl. The great classes or orders of a community or state (as the
clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty of England) or their
representatives who administer the government; as, the estates of the
realm (England), which are (1) the lords spiritual, (2) the lords
temporal, (3) the commons.
7. (Law) The degree, quality, nature, and extent of one's interest in,
or ownership of, lands, tenements, etc.; as, an estate for life, for
years, at will, etc. Abbott.
The fourth estate, a name often given to the public press.
Estate
Es*tate", v. t.
1. To establish. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
2. Tom settle as a fortune. [Archaic] Shak.
3. To endow with an estate. [Archaic]
Then would I . . . Estate them with large land and territory.
Tennyson.
Estatlich, Estatly
Es*tat"lich (?), Es"tat*ly (?), a. [OE.] Stately; dignified. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Esteem
Es*teem" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Esteemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Esteeming.] [F. estimer, L. aestimare, aestumare, to value, estimate;
perh. akin to Skr. ish to seek, strive, and E. ask. Cf. Aim,
Estimate.]
1. To set a value on; to appreciate the worth of; to estimate; to
value; to reckon.
Then he forsook God, which made him, and lightly esteemed the Rock
of his salvation. Deut. xxxii. 15.
Thou shouldst (gentle reader) esteem his censure and authority to
be of the more weighty credence. Bp. Gardiner.
Famous men, -- whose scientific attainments were esteemed hardly
less than supernatural. Hawthorne.
2. To set a high value on; to prize; to regard with reverence,
respect, or friendship.
Will he esteem thy riches? Job xxxvi. 19.
You talk kindlier: we esteem you for it. Tennyson.
Syn. -- To estimate; appreciate; regard; prize; value; respect;
revere. See Appreciate, Estimate.
Esteem
Es*teem", v. i. To form an estimate; to have regard to the value; to
consider. [Obs.]
We ourselves esteem not of that obedience, or love, or gift, which
is of force. Milton.
Esteem
Es*teem", n. [Cf. F. estime. See Esteem, v. t.]
1. Estimation; opinion of merit or value; hence, valuation; reckoning;
price.
Most dear in the esteem And poor in worth! Shak.
I will deliver you, in ready coin, The full and dear'st esteem of
what you crave. J. Webster.
2. High estimation or value; great regard; favorable opinion, founded
on supposed worth.
Nor should thy prowess want praise and esteem. Shak.
Syn. -- See Estimate, n.
Esteemable
Es*teem"a*ble (?), a. Worthy of esteem; estimable. [R.] "Esteemable
qualities." Pope.
Esteemer
Es*teem"er (?), n. One who esteems; one who sets a high value on any
thing.
The proudest esteemer of his own parts. Locke.
Ester
Es"ter (?), n. [A word invented by L. Gmelin, a German chemist.]
(Chem.) An ethereal salt, or compound ether, consisting of an organic
radical united with the residue of any oxygen acid, organic or
inorganic; thus the natural fats are esters of glycerin and the fatty
acids, oleic, etc.
Esthesiometer
Es*the`si*om"e*ter (?), n. Same as \'92sthesiometer.
Esthete, n.; Esthetic
Es"thete (?), n.; Es*thet"ic (, a., Es*thet"ic*al (, a., Es*thet"ics
(, n. etc. Same as \'92sthete, \'92sthetic, \'92sthetical,
\'92sthetics, etc.
Estiferous
Es*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. aestifer; aestus fire + ferre to bear.]
Producing heat. [R.] Smart.
Estimable
Es"ti*ma*ble (?), a. [F. estimable, or L. aestimabilis. See Esteem.]
1. Capable of being estimated or valued; as, estimable damage. Paley.
.
2. Valuable; worth a great price. [R.]
A pound of man's flesh, taken from a man, Is not so estimable,
profitable neither, As flesh of muttons, beefs, or goats. Shak.
3. Worth of esteem or respect; deserving our good opinion or regard.
A lady said of her two companions, that one was more amiable, the
other more estimable. Sir W. Temple.
Estimable
Es"ti*ma*ble (?), n. A thing worthy of regard. [R.]
One of the peculiar estimables of her country. Sir T. Browne.
Estimableness
Es"ti*ma*ble*ness, n. The quality of deserving esteem or regard.
Estimably
Es"ti*ma*bly, adv. In an estimable manner.
Estimate
Es"ti*mate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Estimated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Estimating (?).] [L. aestimatus, p. p. of aestimare. See Esteem, v.
t.]
1. To judge and form an opinion of the value of, from imperfect data,
-- either the extrinsic (money), or intrinsic (moral), value; to fix
the worth of roughly or in a general way; as, to estimate the value of
goods or land; to estimate the worth or talents of a person.
It is by the weight of silver, and not the name of the piece, that
men estimate commodities and exchange them. Locke.
It is always very difficult to estimate the age in which you are
living. J. C. Shairp.
2. To from an opinion of, as to amount,, number, etc., from imperfect
data, comparison, or experience; to make an estimate of; to calculate
roughly; to rate; as, to estimate the cost of a trip, the number of
feet in a piece of land. Syn. -- To appreciate; value; appraise;
prize; rate; esteem; count; calculate; number. -- To Estimate, Esteem.
Both these words imply an exercise of the judgment. Estimate has
reference especially to the external relations of things, such as
amount, magnitude, importance, etc. It usually involves computation or
calculation; as, to estimate the loss or gain of an enterprise. Esteem
has reference to the intrinsic or moral worth of a person or thing.
Thus, we esteem a man for his kindness, or his uniform integrity. In
this sense it implies a mingled sentiment of respect and attachment.
We esteem it an honor to live in a free country. See Appreciate.
Estimate
Es"ti*mate (?), n. A valuing or rating by the mind, without actually
measuring, weighing, or the like; rough or approximate calculation;
as, an estimate of the cost of a building, or of the quantity of water
in a pond.
Weigh success in a moral balance, and our whole estimate is
changed. J. C. Shairp.
Syn. -- Estimate, Estimation, Esteem. The noun estimate, like its
verb, supposes chiefly an exercise of judgment in determining the
amount, importance, or magnitude of things, with their other exterior
relations; as, an estimate of expenses incurred; a true estimate of
life, etc. Esteem is a moral sentiment made up of respect and
attachment, -- the valuation of a person as possessing useful
qualities or real worth. Thus we speak of the esteem of the wise and
good as a thing greatly to be desired. Estimation seems to waver
between the two. In our version of the Scriptures it is used simply
for estimate; as, "If he be poorer than thy estimation." Lev. xxvii.
8. In other cases, it verges toward esteem; as, "I know him to be of
worth and worthy estimation." Shak. It will probably settle down at
last on this latter sense. "Esteem is the value we place upon some
degree of worth. It is higher than simple approbation, which is a
decision of judgment. It is the commencement of affection." Gogan.
No; dear as freedom is, and in my heart's Just estimation prized
above all price. Cowper.
Estimation
Es`ti*ma"tion (?), n. [L. aestimatio, fr. aestimare: cf. F.
estimation. See Esteem, v. t.]
1. The act of estimating. Shak.
2. An opinion or judgment of the worth, extent, or quantity of
anything, formed without using precise data; valuation; as,
estimations of distance, magnitude, amount, or moral qualities.
If he be poorer that thy estimation, then he shall present himself
before the priest, and the priest, and the priest shall value him.
Lev. xxvii. 8.
3. Favorable opinion; esteem; regard; honor.
I shall have estimation among multitude, and honor with the elders.
Wisdom viii. 10.
4. Supposition; conjecture.
I speak not this in estimation, As what I think might be, but what
I know. Shak.
Syn. -- Estimate; calculation; computation; appraisement; esteem;
honor; regard. See Estimate, n.
Estimative
Es"ti*ma*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. estimatif.]
1. Inclined, or able, to estimate; serving for, or capable of being
used in, estimating.
We find in animals an estimative or judicial faculty. Sir M. Hale.
2. Pertaining to an estimate. [R.]
Estimator
Es"ti*ma`tor (?), n. [L. aestimator.] One who estimates or values; a
valuer. Jer. Taylor.
Estival, a., Estivate
Es"ti*val (?), a., Es"ti*vate (, v. i., Es`ti*va"tion (, n. Same as
\'92stival, \'92stivate, etc.
Estoile
Es`toile" (?), n. [OF.] (Her.) A six-pointed star whose rays are wavy,
instead of straight like those of a mullet. [Written also \'82toile.]
Estoile of eight points, a star which has four straight and four wavy
rays. -- Estoile of four points. Same as Cross estoil\'82, under
Cross.
Estop
Es*top" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Estophed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Estopping.] [OF. estoper to stop, plug, close, F. \'82touper, LL.
stuppare to close with tow, obstruct, fr. L. stuppa tow, oakum, cf.
Gr. Stop.] (Law) To impede or bar by estoppel.
A party will be estopped by his admissions, where his intent is to
influence another, or derive an advantage to himself. Abbott.
Estoppel
Es*top"pel (?), n. [From Estop.] (Law) (a) A stop; an obstruction or
bar to one's alleging or denying a fact contrary to his own previous
action, allegation, or denial; an admission, by words or conduct,
which induces another to purchase rights, against which the party
making such admission can not take a position inconsistent with the
admission. (b) The agency by which the law excludes evidence to
dispute certain admissions, which the policy of the law treats as
indisputable. Wharton. Stephen. Burrill.
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Estovers
Es*to"vers (?), n. pl. [OF. estoveir, estovoir, necessary, necessity,
need, prop. an infin. meaning to suit, be fit, be necessary. See
Stover.] (Law) Necessaries or supples; an allowance to a person out of
an estate or other thing for support; as of wood to a tenant for life,
etc., of sustenance to a man confined for felony of his estate, or
alimony to a woman divorced out of her husband's estate. Blackstone.
Common of estovers. See under Common, n.
Estrade
Es`trade" (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. estrado, orig., a carpet on the floor
of a room, also, a carpeted platform, fr. L. stratum bed covering. See
Stratum.] (Arch.) A portion of the floor of a room raised above the
general level, as a place for a bed or a throne; a platform; a dais.
He [the teacher] himself should have his desk on a mounted estrade
or platform. J. G. Fitch.
Estramacon
Es`tra`ma`con" (?), n. [F.]
1. A straight, heavy sword with two edges, used in the 16th and 17th
centuries.
2. A blow with edge of a sword. Farrow.
Estrange
Es*trange" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Estranged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Estranging.] [OF. estrangier to remove, F. \'82tranger, L. extraneare
to treat as a stranger, from extraneus strange. See Strange.]
1. To withdraw; to withhold; hence, reflexively, to keep at a
distance; to cease to be familiar and friendly with.
We must estrange our belief from everything which is not clearly
and distinctly evidenced. Glanvill.
Had we . . . estranged ourselves from them in things indifferent.
Hooker.
2. To divert from its original use or purpose, or from its former
possessor; to alienate.
They . . . have estranged this place, and have burned incense in it
unto other gods. Jer. xix. 4.
3. To alienate the affections or confidence of; to turn from
attachment to enmity or indifference.
I do not know, to this hour, what it is that has estranged him from
me. Pope.
He . . . had pretended to be estranged from the Whigs, and had
promised to act as a spy upon them. Macaulay.
Estrangedness
Es*tran"ged*ness (?), n. State of being estranged; estrangement.
Prynne.
Estrangement
Es*trange"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. estrangement.] The act of estranging,
or the state of being estranged; alienation.
An estrangement from God. J. C. Shairp.
A long estrangement from better things. South.
Estranger
Es*tran"ger (?), n. One who estranges.
Estrangle
Es*tran"gle (?), v. t. To strangle. [Obs.]
Estrapade
Es`tra*pade" (?), n. [F.] (Man.) The action of a horse, when, to get
rid of his rider, he rears, plunges, and kicks furiously.
Estray
Es*tray" (?), v. i. To stray. [Obs.] Daniel.
Estray
Es*tray" n. (Law) Any valuable animal, not wild, found wandering from
its owner; a stray. Burrill.
Estre
Es"tre (?), n. [OF. estre state, plan.] The inward part of a building;
the interior. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Estreat
Es*treat" (?), n. [OF. estraite, prop., an extract, fr. p. p. of
estraire to extract, F. extraire, fr. L.extrahere. See Extract.] (Law)
A true copy, duplicate, or extract of an original writing or record,
esp. of amercements or penalties set down in the rolls of court to be
levied by the bailiff, or other officer. Cowell. Estreat of a
recognizance, the extracting or taking out a forfeited recognizance
from among the other records of the court, for the purpose of a
prosecution in another court, or it may be in the same court. Burrill.
Estreat
Es*treat", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Estreated; p. pr. & vb. n. Estreating.]
(Law) (a) To extract or take out from the records of a court, and send
up to the court of exchequer to be enforced; -- said of a forfeited
recognizance. (b) To bring in to the exchequer, as a fine.
Estrepe
Es*trepe" (?), v. t. [OF. estreper.] (Law) To strip or lay bare, as
land of wood, houses, etc.; to commit waste.
Estrepement
Es*trepe"ment (?), n. [OF., damage, waste.] (Law) A destructive kind
of waste, committed by a tenant for life, in lands, woods, or houses.
Cowell.
Estrich
Es"trich (?), n.
1. Ostrich. [Obs.] Massinger.
2. (Com.) The down of the ostrich. Brande & C.
Estuance
Es"tu*ance (?), n. [From L. aestuans, p. pr. of aestuare. See
Estuate.] Heat. [Obs.]
Estuarine
Es"tu*a*rine (?), a. Pertaining to an estuary; estuary.
Estuary
Es"tu*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Estuaries (#). [L. aestuarium, from aestuare
to surge. See Estuate.] [Written also \'91stuary.]
1. A place where water boils up; a spring that wells forth. [Obs.]
Boyle.
2. A passage, as the mouth of a river or lake, where the tide meets
the current; an arm of the sea; a frith.
it to the sea was often by long and wide estuaries. Dana.
Estuary
Es"tu*a*ry, a. Belonging to, or formed in, an estuary; as, estuary
strata. Lyell.
Estuate
Es"tu*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Estuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Estuating.] [L. aestuare to be in violent motion, to boil up, burn,
fr. aestus boiling or undulating motion, fire, glow, heat; akin to
Gr.Ether.] To boil up; to swell and rage; to be agitated. Bacon.
Estuation
Es`tu*a"tion (?), n. [L. aestuatio.] The act of estuating; commotion,
as of a fluid; agitation.
The estuations of joys and fears. W. Montagu.
Estufa
Es*tu"fa (?), n.; pl. Estufas (#). [Sp., a stove, a warm room. Cf.
Stove.] An assembly room in dwelling of the Pueblo Indians. L. H.
Morgan.
Esture
Es"ture (?; 135), n. [See Estuate.] Commotion. [Obs.] Chapman.
Esurient
E*su"ri*ent (?), a. [L. esuriens, p. pr. of ensurire, fr. edere to
eat.] Inclined to eat; hungry; voracious. [R.] Bailey. "Poor, but
esurient." Carlyle.
Esurient
E*su"ri*ent, n. One who is hungry or greedy. [R.]
An insatiable esurient after riches. Wood.
Esurine
Es"u*rine (?), a. [See Esurient.] Causing hunger; eating; corroding.
[Obs.] Wiseman.
Esurine
Es"u*rine, n. (Med.) A medicine which provokes appetites, or causes
hunger. [Obs.]
-et
-et (?). [F. -et, masc., -ette, fem. Cf. -let.] A noun suffix with a
diminutive force; as in baronet, pocket, facet, floweret, latchet.
Etaac
E*taac" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The blue buck.
Etacism
E"ta*cism (?), n. [Gr. Itacism.] (Greek Gram.) The pronunciation of
the Greek y (eta) like the Italian e long, that is like a in the
English word ate. See Itacism.
Etacist
E"ta*cist (?), n. One who favors etacism.
\'90tag\'8are
\'90`ta`g\'8are" (?), n. [F., fr. \'82tager to arrange on shelves, fr.
\'82tage story, floor. See Stage.] A piece of furniture having a
number of uninclosed shelves or stages, one above another, for
receiving articles of elegance or use. Fairholt.
\'90tat Major
\'90`tat" Ma`jor" (?). [F., fr. \'82tat state + L. major greater.]
(Mil.) The staff of an army, including all officers above the rank of
colonel, also, all adjutants, inspectors, quartermasters,
commissaries, engineers, ordnance officers, paymasters, physicians,
signal officers, judge advocates; also, the noncommissioned assistants
of the above officers.
Et cetera, Et c\'91tera
Et` cet"e*ra, Et` c\'91t"e*ra (?). [L. et and + caetera other things.]
Others of the like kind; and the rest; and so on; -- used to point out
that other things which could be mentioned are to be understood.
Usually abbreviated into etc. or &c. (&c). Shak.
Etch
Etch (?), n. A variant of Eddish. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Etch
Etch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Etched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Etching.] [D.
etsen, G. \'84tzen to feed, corrode, etch. MHG. etzen, causative of
ezzen to eat, G. essen Eat.]
1. To produce, as figures or designs, on mental, glass, or the like,
by means of lines or strokes eaten in or corroded by means of some
strong acid.
NOTE: &hand; The plate is first covered with varnish, or some other
ground capable of resisting the acid, and this is then scored or
scratched with a needle, or similar instrument, so as to form the
drawing; the plate is then covered with acid, which corrodes the
metal in the lines thus laid bare.
2. To subject to etching; to draw upon and bite with acid, as a plate
of metal.
I was etching a plate at the beginning of 1875. Hamerton.
3. To sketch; to delineate. [R.]
There are many empty terms to be found in some learned writes, to
which they had recourse to etch out their system. Locke.
Etch
Etch, v. i. To practice etching; to make etchings.
Etcher
Etch"er (?), n. One who etches.
Etching
Etch"ing, n.
1. The act, art, or practice of engraving by means of acid which eats
away lines or surfaces left unprotected in metal, glass, or the like.
See Etch, v. t.
2. A design carried out by means of the above process; a pattern on
metal, glass, etc., produced by etching.
3. An impression on paper, parchment, or other material, taken in ink
from an etched plate.
Etching figures (Min.), markings produced on the face of a crystal by
the action of an appropriate solvent. They have usually a definite
form, and are important as revealing the molecular structure. --
Etching needle, a sharp-pointed steel instrument with which lines are
drawn in the ground or varnish in etching. -- Etching stitch
(Needlework), a stitch used outline embroidery.
Eteostic
E`te*os"tic (?), n. [Gr. A kind of chronogram. [R.] B. Jonson.
Eterminable
E*ter"mi*na*ble (?), a. [Pref. e- + terminable.] Interminable. [Obs.]
Skelton.
Etern OR Eterne
E*tern" OR E*terne" (?), a. [OF. eterne, L. aeternus, for aeviturnus,
fr. aevum age. See Age, and cf. Eternal.] Eternal. [Poetic] Shak.
Built up to eterne significance. Mrs. Browning.
Eternal
E*ter"nal (?), a. [F. \'82ternel, L. aeternalis, fr. aeternus. See
Etern.]
1. Without beginning or end of existence; always existing.
The eternal God is thy refuge. Deut. xxxiii. 27.
To know wether there were any real being, whose duration has been
eternal. Locke.
2. Without end of existence or duration; everlasting; endless;
immortal.
That they may also obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus,
with eternal glory. 2 Tim. ii. 10.
3. Continued without intermission; perpetual; ceaseless; constant.
And fires eternal in thy temple shine. Dryden.
4. Existing at all times without change; immutable.
Hobbes believed the eternal truths which he opposed. Dryden.
What are the eternal objects of poetry among all nations, and at
all times? M. Arnold.
5. Exceedingly great or bad; -- used as a strong intensive. "Some
eternal villain."
The Eternal City, an appellation of Rome. Syn. -- Everlasting;
endless; infinite; ceaseless; perpetual; interminable. See
Everlasting.
Eternal
E*ter"nal, n.
1. One of the appellations of God.
Law whereby the Eternal himself doth work. Hooker.
2. That which is endless and immortal. Young.
Eternalist
E*ter"nal*ist, n. One who holds the existence of matter to be from
eternity. T. Burnet.
Eternalize
E*ter"nal*ize (?), v. t. To make eternal. Shelton.
Eternally
E*ter"nal*ly, adv. In an eternal manner.
That which is morally good or evil at any time or in any case, must
be also eternally and unchangeably so. South.
Where western gales eternally reside. Addison.
Eterne
E*terne" (?), a. See Etern.
Eternify
E*ter"ni*fy (?), v. t. To make eternal. [Obs.]
Fame . . . eternifies the name. Mir. for Mag.
Eternity
E*ter"ni*ty (?), n.; pl. Eternities (#). [F. \'82ternit\'82, L.
aeternitas, fr. aeternus. See Etern.]
1. Infinite duration, without beginning in the past or end in the
future; also, duration without end in the future; endless time.
The high and lofty One, that inhabiteth eternity. Is. lvii. 15.
2. Condition which begins at death; immortality.
Thou know'st 't is common; all that lives must die, Passing through
nature to eternity. Shak.
Eternization
E*ter`ni*za"tion (?), n. The act of eternizing; the act of rendering
immortal or famous.
Eternize
E*ter"nize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eternized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eterniziing.] [Cf. F. \'82terniser.]
1. To make eternal or endless.
This other [gift] served but to eternize woe. Milton.
2. To make forever famous; to immortalize; as, to eternize one's self,
a name, exploits.
St. Alban's battle won by famous York, Shall be eternized in all
age to come. Shak.
Etesian
E*te"sian (?), a. [L. etesiae, pl., periodic winds, Gr.
\'82t\'82sien.] Periodical; annual; -- applied to winds which annually
blow from the north over the Mediterranean, esp. the eastern part, for
an irregular period during July and August.
Ethal
Eth"al (?), n. [Ether + alcohol: cf. F. \'82thal.] (Chem.) A white
waxy solid, C16H33.OH; -- called also cetylic alcohol. See Cetylic
alcohol, under Cetylic. <-- usu. called cetyl alcohol. -->
Ethane
Eth"ane (?), n. [From Ether.] (Chem.) A gaseous hydrocarbon, C2H6,
forming a constituent of ordinary illuminating gas. It is the second
member of the paraffin series, and its most important derivatives are
common alcohol, aldehyde, ether, and acetic acid. Called also
dimethyl.
Ethe
Ethe (?), a. [See Eath.] Easy. [Obs.] Spenser.
Ethel
Eth"el (?), a. [AS. e, \'91. See Atheling.] Noble. [Obs.]
Ethene
Eth"ene (?), n. (Chem.) Ethylene; olefiant gas.
Ethenic
E*then"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from. or resembling,
ethene or ethylene; as, ethenic ether.
Ethenyl
Eth"e*nyl (?), n. [Ethene + -yl.] (Chem.) (a) A trivalent hydrocarbon
radical, CH3.C. (b) A univalent hydrocarbon radical of the ethylene
series, CH2:CH; -- called also vinyl. See Vinyl.
Etheostomoid
E`the*os"to*moid (?), a. [NL. etheostoma name of a genus + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or like, the genus Etheostoma. -- n. Any
fish of the genus Etheostoma and related genera, allied to the
perches; -- also called darter. The etheostomoids are small and often
bright-colored fishes inhabiting the fresh waters of North America.
About seventy species are known. See Darter. <-- e.g. the snail
darter. -->
Ether
E"ther (?), n. [L. aether, Gr. idh, indh, and prob. to E. idle: cf. F.
\'82ther.] >[Written also \'91ther.]
1. (Physics) A medium of great elasticity and extreme tenuity,
supposed to pervade all space, the interior of solid bodies not
excepted, and to be the medium of transmission of light and heat;
hence often called luminiferous ether.
2. Supposed matter above the air; the air itself.
3. (Chem.) (a) A light, volatile, mobile, inflammable liquid,
(C2H5)2O, of a characteristic aromatic odor, obtained by the
distillation of alcohol with sulphuric acid, and hence called also
sulphuric ether. It is powerful solvent of fats, resins, and
pyroxylin, but finds its chief use as an an\'91sthetic. Called also
ethyl oxide.<-- also commonly, ethyl ether. --> (b) Any similar oxide
of hydrocarbon radicals; as, amyl ether; valeric ether.
Complex ether, Mixed ether (Chem.), an oxide of two different radicals
in the same molecule; as, ethyl methyl ether, C2H5.O.CH3. -- Compound
ether (Chem.), an ethereal salt or a salt of some hydrocarbon as the
base; an ester. -- Ether engine (Mach.), a condensing engine like a
steam engine, but operated by the vapor of ether instead of by steam.
Ethereal
E*the"re*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher
regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere; celestial; as,
ethereal space; ethereal regions.
Go, heavenly guest, ethereal messenger. Milton.
2. Consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly light or airy; tenuous;
spiritlike; characterized by extreme delicacy, as form, manner,
thought, etc.
Vast chain of being, which from God began, Natures ethereal, human,
angel, man. Pope.
3. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, ether; as,
ethereal salts.
Ethereal oil. (Chem.) See Essential oil, under Essential. -- Ethereal
oil of wine (Chem.), a heavy, yellow, oily liquid consisting
essentially of etherin, etherol, and ethyl sulphate. It is the oily
residuum left after etherification. Called also heavy oil of wine
(distinguished from oil of wine, or \'d2nanthic ether). -- Ethereal
salt (Chem.), a salt of some organic radical as a base; an ester.
Etherealism
E*the"re*al*ism (?), n. Ethereality.
Ethereality
E*the`re*al"i*ty (?), n. The state of being ethereal; etherealness.
Something of that ethereality of thought and manner which belonged
to Wordsworth's earlier lyrics. J. C. Shairp.
Etherealization
E*the`re*al*i*za"tion (?), n. An ethereal or spiritlike state. J. H.
Stirling.
Etherealize
E*the"re*al*ize (?), v. t.
1. To convert into ether, or into subtile fluid; to saturate with
ether.
2. To render ethereal or spiritlike.
Etherealized, moreover, by spiritual communications with the other
world. Hawthorne.
Ethereally
E*the"re*al*ly, adv. In an ethereal manner.
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Etherealness
E*the"re*al*ness (?), n. Ethereality.
Ethereous
E*the"re*ous (?), a. [L.aethereus, Gr. Ether.]
1. Formed of ether; ethereal. [Obs.]
This ethereous mold whereon we stand. Milton.
2. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or resembling, either.
Ethereous oil. See Ethereal oil, under Ethereal.
Etherification
E*ther`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. (Chem.) The act or process of making
ether; specifically, the process by which a large quantity of alcohol
is transformed into ether by the agency of a small amount of
sulphuric, or ethyl sulphuric, acid.
Etheriform
E*ther"i*form (?), a. [Ether + form.] Having the form of ether.
Etherin
E"ther*in, n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline hydrocarbon, regarded as a
polymeric variety of ethylene, obtained in heavy oil of wine, the
residue left after making ether; -- formerly called also concrete oil
of wine.
Etherization
E`ther*i*za"tion (?) n. (Med.) (a) The administration of ether to
produce insensibility. (b) The state of the system under the influence
of ether.
Etherize
E"ther*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Etherized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Etherizing (?).] [Cf. F. \'82th\'82riser.]
1. To convert into ether.
2. To render insensible by means of ether, as by inhalation; as, to
etherize a patient.
Etherol
E"ther*ol (?), n. [Ether + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) An oily hydrocarbon
regarded as a polymeric variety of ethylene, produced with etherin.
Ethic, Ethical
Eth"ic (?), Eth"ic*al (?), a. [L. ethicus, Gr. sidus, G. sitte, Skr.
svadh, prob. orig., one's own doing; sva self + dh to set: cf. F.
\'82thique. See So, Do.] Of, or belonging to, morals; treating of the
moral feelings or duties; containing percepts of morality; moral; as,
ethic discourses or epistles; an ethical system; ethical philosophy.
The ethical meaning of the miracles. Trench.
Ethical dative (Gram.), a use of the dative of a pronoun to signify
that the person or thing spoken of is regarded with interest by some
one; as, Quid mihi Celsus agit? How does my friend Celsus do?
Ethically
Eth"ic*al*ly, adv. According to, in harmony with, moral principles or
character.
Ethicist
Eth"i*cist (?), n. One who is versed in ethics, or has written on
ethics.
Ethics
Eth"ics (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82thique. See Ethic.] The science of human
duty; the body of rules of duty drawn from this science; a particular
system of principles and rules concerting duty, whether true or false;
rules of practice in respect to a single class of human actions; as,
political or social ethics; medical ethics.
The completeness and consistency of its morality is the peculiar
praise of the ethics which the Bible has taught. I. Taylor.
Ethide
Eth"ide (?), n. (Chem.) Any compound of ethyl of a binary type; as,
potassium ethide.
Ethidene
Eth"i*dene (?), n. [From Ether.] (Chem.) Ethylidene. [Obs.]
Ethine
Eth"ine (?), n. (Chem.) Acetylene.
Ethionic
Eth`i*on"ic (?), a. [Ethyl + thionic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived
from, or designating, an acid so called. Ethionic acid (Chem.), a
liquid derivative of ethylsulphuric and sulphuric (thionic) acids,
obtained by the action of sulphur trioxide on absolute alcohol.
Ethiop, Ethiopian
E"thi*op (?), E`thi*o"pi*an (?), n. [L. Aethiops, Gr. A native or
inhabitant of Ethiopia; also, in a general sense, a negro or black
man.
Ethiopian, Ethiopic
E`thi*o"pi*an, E`thi*op"ic (?), a. Of or relating to Ethiopia or the
Ethiopians.
Ethiopic
E`thi*op"ic, n. The language of ancient Ethiopia; the language of the
ancient Abyssinian empire (in Ethiopia), now used only in the
Abyssinian church. It is of Semitic origin, and is also called Geez.
Ethiops
E"thi*ops (?) n. [NL. See Ethiop.] (Old Chem.) A black substance; --
formerly applied to various preparations of a black or very dark
color. [Written also \'92thiops.] [Obs.] Ethiops martial (Old Chem.),
black oxide of iron. -- Ethiops mineral (Old Chem.), black sulphide of
mercury, obtained by triturating mercury with sulphur. -- Ethiops per
se (Old Chem.), mercury in finely divided state, having the appearance
of a dark powder, obtained by shaking it up or by exposure to the air.
Ethmoid, Ethmoidal
Eth"moid (?), Eth*moid"al (?), a. [Gr. ethmo\'8bde, ethmo\'8bdal.]
(Anat.) (a) Like a sieve; cribriform. (b) Pertaining to, or in the
region of, the ethmoid bone. Ethmoid bone (Anat.), a bone of
complicated structure through which the olfactory nerves pass out of
the cranium and over which they are largely distributed.
Ethmoid
Eth"moid (?) n. (Anat.) The ethmoid bone.
Ethmotrubinal
Eth`mo*tru"bi*nal (?), a. [Ethmoid + turbinal.] See Turbinal. -- n. An
ethmoturbinal bone.
Ethmovomerine
Eth`mo*vo"mer*ine (?), n. [Ethmoid + vomerine.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
the region of the vomer and the base of the ethmoid in the skull.
Ethmovomerine plate (Anat.), a cartilaginous plate beneath the front
of the fetal brain which the ethmoid region of the skull is developed.
Ethnarch
Eth"narch (?), n. [Gr. -arch.] (Gr. Antiq.) The governor of a province
or people. Lew Wallace.
Ethnarchy
Eth"narch*y (?) n. [Gr. The dominion of an ethnarch; principality and
rule. Wright.
Ethnic, Ethnical
Eth"nic (?), Eth"nic*al (?), a. [L. ethnicus, Gr. ethnique.]
1. Belonging to races or nations; based on distinctions of race;
ethnological.
2. Pertaining to the gentiles, or nations not converted to
Christianity; heathen; pagan; -- opposed to Jewish and Christian.
Ethnic
Eth"nic (?) n. A heathen; a pagan. [Obs.]
No better reported than impure ethnic and lay dogs. Milton.
Ethnically
Eth"nic*al*ly (?), adv. In an ethnical manner.
Ethnicism
Eth"ni*cism (?) n. Heathenism; paganism; idolatry. [Obs.] "Taint of
ethnicism." B. Jonson.
Ethnographer
Eth*nog"ra*pher (?) n. One who investigates ethnography.
Ethnographic, Ethnographical
Eth`no*graph"ic (?), Eth`no*graph"ic*al (?),. a. [Cf. F.
ethnographique.] pertaining to ethnography.
Ethnographically
Eth`no*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. In an ethnographical manner.
Ethnography
Eth*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy: cf. F. ethnographie.] That branch
of knowledge which has for its subject the characteristics of the
human family, developing the details with which ethnology as a
comparative science deals; descriptive ethnology. See Ethnology.
Ethnologic, Ethnological
Eth`no*log"ic (?), Eth`no*log"ic*al (?), a Of or pertaining to
ethnology.
Ethnologically
Eth`no*log"ic*al*ly, adv. In an ethnological manner; by ethnological
classification; as, one belonging ethnologically to an African race.
Ethnologist
Eth*nol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in ethnology; a student of
ethnology.
Ethnology
Eth*nol"o*gy (?) n. [Gr. -logy.] The science which treats of the
division of mankind into races, their origin, distribution, and
relations, and the peculiarities which characterize them.
Ethologic, Ethological
Eth`o*log"ic (?), Eth`o*log"ic*al (?), a [See Ethology.] treating of,
or pertaining to, ethnic or morality, or the science of character. J.
S. Mill.
Ethologist
E*thol"o*gist (?) n. One who studies or writes upon ethology.
Ethology
E*thol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
1. A treatise on morality; ethics.
2. The science of the formation of character, national and collective
as well as individual. J. S. Mill.
Ethopoetic
Eth"o*po*et"ic (?). [Gr. Expressing character. [Obs.] Urquhart.
Ethule
Eth"ule (?) [Ether + Gr. Ethyl, and see -yl.] (Chem.) Ethyl. [Obs.]
Ethyl
Eth"yl (?), n. [Ether + -yl.] (Chem.) A monatomic, hydrocarbon
radical, C2H5 of the paraffin series, forming the essential radical of
ethane, and of common alcohol and ether. Ethyl aldehyde. (Chem.) See
Aldehyde.
Ethylamine
Eth`yl*am"ine (?), n. [Ethyl + amine.] (Chem.) A colorless, mobile,
inflammable liquid, C2H5.NH2, very volatile and with an ammoniacal
odor. It is a strong base, and is a derivative of ammonia. Called also
ethyl carbamine, and amido ethane.
Ethylate
Eth"yl*ate (?). [From Ethyl.] (Chem.) A compound derived from ethyl
alcohol by the replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen, after the manner
of a hydrate; an ethyl alcoholate; as, potassium ethylate, C2H5.O.K.
Ethylene
Eth"yl*ene (?), n. [From Ethyl.] (Chem.) A colorless, gaseous
hydrocarbon, C2H4, forming an important ingredient of illuminating
gas, and also obtained by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid in
alcohol. It is an unsaturated compound and combines directly with
chlorine and bromine to form oily liquids (Dutch liquid), -- hence
called olefiant gas. Called also ethene, elayl, and formerly,
bicarbureted hydrogen. <-- is effective in hastening the ripening of
certain fruits. --> Ethylene series (Chem.), the series if unsaturated
hydrocarbons of which ethylene is the type, and represented by the
general formula CnH2n.
Ethylic
E*thyl"ic (?). (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing,
ethyl; as, ethylic alcohol.
Ethylidene
E*thyl"i*dene (?). (Chem.) An unsymmetrical, divalent, hydrocarbon
radical, C2H4 metameric with ethylene but written thus, CH3.CH to
distinguish it from the symmetrical ethylene, CH2.CH2. Its compounds
are derived from aldehyde. Formerly called also ethidene.
Ethylin
Eth"yl*in (?). (Chem.) Any one of the several complex ethers of ethyl
and glycerin.
Ethylsulphuric
Eth`yl*sul*phu"ric (?) a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, ethyl
and sulphuric acid. Ethylsulphuric acid (Chem.), an acid sulphate of
ethyl, H.C2H5.SO4, produced as a thick liquid by the action of
sulphiric acid on alcohol. It appears to be the active catalytic agent
in the process of etherification.
Etiolate
E"ti*o*late (?). v. i. [imp. & p. p. Etiolated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
Etiolating.] [F. \'82tioler to blanch.]
1. To become white or whiter; to be whitened or blanched by excluding
the light of the sun, as, plants.
2. (Med.) To become pale through disease or absence of light.
Etiolate
E"ti*o*late, v. t.
1. To blanch; to bleach; to whiten by depriving of the sun's rays.
2. (Med.) To cause to grow pale by disease or absence of light.
Etiolate, Etiolated
E"ti*o*late (?), E"ti*o*la`ted, a. Having a blanched or faded
appearance, as birds inhabiting desert regions.
Etiolation
E`ti*o*la"tion (?), n.
1. The operation of blanching plants, by excluding the light of the
sun; the condition of a blanched plant.
2. (Med.) Paleness produced by absence of light, or by disease.
Dunglison.
Etoolin
E"to*o*lin (?), n. [See Etiolate.] (Bot.) A yellowish coloring matter
found in plants grown in darkness, which is supposed to be an
antecedent condition of chlorophyll. Encyc. Brit.
Etiological
E`ti*o*log"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or inquiring into, causes;
\'91tiological.
Etiology
E`ti*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82tiologie.] The science of causes.
Same as tiology.
Etiquette
Et"i*quette` (?), n. [F. prop., a little piece of paper, or a mark or
title, affixed to a bag or bundle, expressing its contents, a label,
ticket, OF.estiquete, of German origin; cf. LG. stikke peg, pin, tack,
stikken to stick, G. stecken. See Stick, and cf. Ticket.] The forms
required by good breeding, or prescribed by authority, to be observed
in social or official life; observance of the proprieties of rank and
occasion; conventional decorum; ceremonial code of polite society.
The pompous etiquette to the court of Louis the Fourteenth.
Prescott.
Etna
Et"na (?), n. A kind of small, portable, cooking apparatus for which
heat is furnished by a spirit lamp.
There should certainly be an etna for getting a hot cup of coffee
in a hurry. V. Baker.
Etnean
Et*ne"an (?), a. [L. Aetnaeus, Gr. , fr.Aetna, Aetne).] Pertaining to
Etna, a volcanic mountain in Sicily.
Etoile
E`toile" (?), n. [F.] (Her.) See Estoile.
Etrurian
E*tru"ri*an (?), a. Of or relating to ancient Etruria, in Italy.
"Etrurian Shades." Milton, -- n. A native or inhabitant of ancient
Etruria.
Etruscan
E*trus"can (?), n. [L. Etruscus.] Of or relating to Etruria. -- n. A
native or inhabitant of Etruria.
Etter pike
Et"ter pike` (?), n. [Cf. Atter.] (Zo\'94l.) The stingfish, or lesser
weever (Tranchinus vipera).
Ettin
Et"tin (?), n. [SA. eten, eoten, orig., gluttonous, fr. etan to eat.]
A giant. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.
Ettle
Et"tle (?), v. t. [Perh. the same word as addle to earn; bur cf. OE.
atlien, etlien, to intend, prepare, Icel. \'91tla to think, suppose,
mean.] To earn. [Obs.] See Addle, to earn. Boucher.
Etude
E`tude" (?), n. [F. See Study.]
1. A composition in the fine arts which is intended, or may serve, for
a study.
2. (Mus.) A study; an exercise; a piece for practice of some special
point of technical execution.
Etul
E`tul" (?), n. [F.] A case for one several small articles; esp., a box
in which scissors, tweezers, and other articles of toilet or of daily
use are carried.
Etwee
Et*wee" (?), n. See . Shenstone.
Etym
Et"ym (?), n. See Etymon. H. F. Talbot.
Etymic
E*tym"ic (?), a. Relating to the etymon; as, an etymic word.
Etymologer
Et`y*mol"o*ger (?), n. An etymologist.
Etymological
Et`y*mo*log"ic*al (?), a. [L. etymologicus, Gr. \'82timilogique. See
Etymology.] Pertaining to etymology, or the derivation of words. --
Et`y*mo*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Etymologicon
Et`y*mo*log"i*con (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. an etymological dictionary or
manual.
Etymologist
Et`y*mol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82tymologiste.] One who investigates
the derivation of words.
Etymologize
Et`y*mol"o*gize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. \'82tymologiser.] To give the
etymology of; to trace to the root or primitive, as a word. Camden
Etymologize
Et`y*mol"o*gize, v. t. To search into the origin of words; to deduce
words from their simple roots.
How perilous it is to etymologize at random. Trench.
Etymology
Et`y*mol"o*gy (?), n.; pl. Etymologies (#). [L.etymologia, Gr.
\'82tymologie. See Etymon, and -logy.]
1. That branch of philological science which treats of the history of
words, tracing out their origin, primitive significance, and changes
of from and meaning.
2. That pert of grammar which relates to the changes in the form of
the words in a language; inflection.
Etymon
Et"y*mon (?), n.; pl. E. Etymons (#), Gr. Etyma (#). [L., fr. Gr.
sotya, E. sooth. See Sooth.] 1. An original form; primitive word;
root.
2. Original or fundamental signification. [R.]
Given as the etymon or genuine sense of the word. Coleridge.
Etypical
E*typ"ic*al (?), a. [Pref. e- + typical.] (Biol.) Diverging from, or
lacking conformity to, a type.
Eu
Eu (?). [Gr. su, from the same root as E. is; or with Skr. vasu good,
prob. fr. the same root as E. was.] A prefix used frequently in
composition, signifying well, good, advantageous; -- the opposite of
dys-.
Eucairite
Eu*cai"rite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A metallic mineral, a selenide of
copper and silver; -- so called by Berzelius on account of its being
found soon after the discovery of the metal selenium.
Eucalyn
Eu"ca*lyn (?), n. (Chem.) An unfermentable sugar, obtained as an
uncrystallizable sirup by the decomposition of melitose; also obtained
from a Tasmanian eucalyptus, -- whence its name.
Eucalyptol
Eu`ca*lyp*tol (?), n. [Eucalyptus + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A volatile,
terpenelike oil extracted from the eucalyptus, and consisting largely
of cymene.
Eucalyptus
Eu`ca*lyp"tus (?), n. [NL., from GR. (Bot.) A myrtaceous genus of
trees, mostly Australian. Many of them grow to an immense height, one
or two species exceeding the height even of the California Sequoia.
NOTE: &hand; Th ey ha ve ri gid, entire leaves with one edge turned
toward the zenith. Most of them secrete resinous gums, whence they
called gum trees, and their timber is of great value. Eucalyptus
Globulus is the blue gum; E. aigantea, the stringy bark: E.
amygdalina, the peppermint tree. E. Gunnii, the Tasmanian cider
tree, yields a refreshing drink from wounds made in the bark in the
spring. Center species yield oils, tars, acids, dyes and tans. It
is said that miasmatic valleys in Algeria and Portugal, and a part
of the unhealthy Roman Campagna, have been made more salubrious by
planting groves of these trees.
Eucharis
Eu"cha*ris (?), n. [NL., fr. L. eucharis agreeable, Gr. Eucharist.]
(Bot.) A genus of South American amaryllidaceous plants with large and
beautiful white blossoms.
Eucharist
Eu"cha*rist (?), n. [L. euchaistia, Gr. yearn: cf. F. euchaistie.]
1. The act of giving thanks; thanksgiving. [Obs.]
Led through the vale of tears to the region of eucharist and
hallelujahs. South.
2. (Eccl.) The sacrament of the Lord's Supper; the solemn act of
ceremony of commemorating the death of Christ, in the use of bread and
wine, as the appointed emblems; the communion. -- See Sacrament.
Eucharistic, Eucharistical
Eu`cha*ris"tic (?), Eu`cha*ris"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. eucharistie.]
1. Giving thanks; expressing thankfulness; rejoicing. [Obs.]
The eucharistical part of our daily devotions. Ray.
2. Pertaining to the Lord's Supper. "The eucharistic sacrament." Sir.
G. C. Lewis.
Euchite
Eu"chite (?), n. [From Gr. One who resolves religion into prayer.
[Obs.] Gauden.
Euchloric
Eu*chlo"ric (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Relating to, or consisting of,
euchlorine; as, euchloric . Davy.
Euchlorine
Eu*chlo"rine (?), n. [Cf. F. euchlorine. See Euchloric.] (Chem.) A
yellow or greenish yellow gas, first prepared by Davy, evolved from
potassium chlorate and hydrochloric acid. It is supposed to consist of
chlorine tetroxide with some free chlorine.
Euchologion, Euchology
Eu`cho*lo"gi*on (?), Eu*chol"o*gy (?), n. [NL. euchologion, Gr.
(Eccl.) A formulary of prayers; the book of offices in the Greek
Church, containing the liturgy, sacraments, and forms of prayers.
Euchologue
Eu"cho*logue, n. [F. euchologe.] Euchology. [R.]
Euchre
Eu"chre (?), n. [Perh. from F. \'82cart\'82.] A game at cards, that
may be played by two, three, or four persons, the highest card (except
when an extra card called the Joker is used) being the knave of the
same suit as the trump, and called right bower, the lowest card used
being the seven, or frequently, in two-handed euchre, the nine spot.
See Bower.
Euchre
Eu"chre, v. t.
1. To defeat, in a game of euchre, the side that named the trump.
2. To defeat or foil thoroughly in any scheme. [Slang.]
Euchroic
Eu*chro"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Having a fine color. Euchroic acid
(Chem.), an organic, imide acid, obtained as a colorless crystalline
substance, C12H4N2O8 by heating an ammonium salt of mellitic acid. By
reduction it is changed to a dark blue substance (euchrone), -- hence
its name.
Euchroite
Eu"chro*ite (?), n. [See Euchroic.] (Min.) A mineral occurring in
transparent emerald green crystals. It is hydrous arseniate of copper.
Euchrone
Eu"chrone (?) n. (Chem.) A substance obtained from euchroic acid. See
Eychroic.
Euchymy
Eu"chy*my (?), n. [Gr. Chyme.] (Med.) A good state of he blood and
other fluids of the body.
Euclase
Eu"clase (?) n. [Gr. euclase, G. euklas. See named from its
brittleness.] (Min.) A brittle gem occurring in light green,
transparent crystals, affording a brilliant clinodiagonal cleavage. It
is a silicate of alumina and glucina.
Euclid
Eu"clid (?), n. A Greek geometer of the 3d century
Euclidian
Eu*clid"i*an (?), n. Related to Euclid, or to the geometry of Euclid.
Euclidian space (Geom.), the kind of space to which the axioms and
definitions of Euclid, relative to straight lines and parallel lines,
apply; -- called also flat space, and homaloidal space.
Eucopepoda
Eu`co*pep"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Eu- and Copepoda.] (Zo\'94l.) A
group which includes the typical copepods and the lerneans.
Eucrasy
Eu"cra*sy (?). [Gr. eucrasie.] (Med.) Such a due mixture of qualities
in bodies as constitutes health or soundness. Quincy.
Euctical
Euc"tic*al (?) [Gr. Expecting a wish; supplicatory. [R.]
Sacrifices . . . distinguished into expiatory, euctical, and
eucharistical. Bp. Law.
Eudemon, Eud\'91mon
Eu*de"mon, Eu*d\'91"mon (?), n. [Gr. A good angel. Southey.
Eudemonics, Eud\'91monics
Eu`de*mon"ics, Eu`d\'91*mon"ics (?), n. [Gr. Eudemonism.] That part of
moral philosophy which treats of happiness; the science of happiness;
-- contrasted with aretaics. J. Grote.
Eudemonism, Eud\'91monism
Eu*de"mon*ism, Eu*d\'91"mon*ism (?), n. [Gr. Demon.] That system of
ethics which defines and enforces moral obligation by its relation to
happiness or personal well-being.
Eudemonist, Eud\'91monist
Eu*de"mon*ist, Eu*d\'91"mon*ist, n. One who believes in eudemonism.
I am too much of a eud\'91monist; I hanker too much after a state
of happiness both for myself and others. De Quincey.
Eudemonistic, Eud\'91monistic
Eu*de`mon*is"tic , Eu*d\'91`mon*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to
eudemonism.
Eudemonistical, Eud\'91monistical
Eu*de`mon*is"tic*al, Eu*d\'91`mon*is"tic*al (?), a. Eudemonistic.
Eudialyte
Eu*di"a*lyte (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A mineral of a brownish red color and
vitreous luster, consisting chiefly of the silicates of iron,
zirconia, and lime.
Eudiometer
Eu`di*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. ediom\'8atre.] (Chem.) An
instrument for the volumetric measurement of gases; -- so named
because frequently used to determine the purity of the air.
NOTE: &hand; It us ually co nsists of a fi nely gr aduated an d
calibrated glass tube, open at one end, the bottom; and having near
the top a pair of platinum wires fused in, to allow the passage of
an electric spark, as the process involves the explosion and
combustion of one of the ingredients to be determined. The
operation is conducted in a through of mercury, or sometimes over
water. Cf. Burette. Use's ediometer has the tube bent in the form
of the letter. U.
Eudiometric, Eudiometrical
Eu`di*o*met"ric (?), Eu`di*o*met"ric*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a
eudiometer; as, eudiometrical experiments or results.
Eudiometry
Eu`di*om"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F. eudiom\'82trie.] (Chem.) The art or
process of determining he constituents of a gaseous mixture by means
of the eudiometer, or for ascertaining the purity of the air or the
amount of oxygen in it.
Eudipleura
Eu`di*pleu"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The fundamental forms
of organic life, that are composed of two equal and symmetrical
halves. Syd. Soc. Lex.
Eudoxian
Eu*dox"i*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Eudoxius, patriarch of
Antioch and Constantinople in the 4th century, and a celebrated
defender of the doctrines of Arius.
Euganoidei
Eu`ga*noi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. GR. ganoidei. See Ganoid.]
(Zo\'94l) A group which includes the bony ganoids, as the gar pikes.
Euge
Eu"ge (?), n. [L., well done! bravo! Gr. Applause. [Obs.] Hammond.
Eugeuia
Eu*ge"ui*a (?), n. [NL. Named in honor of Prince Eugene of Savoy.]
(Bot.) A genus of mytraceous plants, mostly of tropical countries, and
including several aromatic trees and shrubs, among which are the trees
which produce allspice and cloves of commerce.
Eugenic
Eu*gen"ic (?), a. [See Eugenia.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived
from, cloves; as, eugenic acid.
Eudenic
Eu*den"ic (?), a. [Gr. Well-born; of high birth. Atlantic Monthly.
Eugenics
Eu*gen"ics (?), n. The science of improving stock, whether human or
animal. F. Galton.
Eugenin
Eu"ge*nin (?), n. (Chem.) A colorless, crystalline substance extracted
from oil of cloves; -- called also clove camphor.
Eugenol
Eu"ge*nol (?), n. [Eugenia + -ol.] (Chem.) A colorless, aromatic,
liquid hydrocarbon, C10H12O2 resembling the phenols, and hence also
called eugenic acid. It is found in the oils of pimento and cloves.
<-- used as an analgesic in dentistry. -->
Eugeny
Eu"ge*ny (?). [Gr. Nobleness of birth. [Obs.]
Eugetic, Eugetinic
Eu*get"ic (?), Eu`ge*tin"ic (?), a. (Chem) Pertaining to, or derived
from, eugenol; as, eugetic acid.
Eugh
Eugh (?), n. [See Yew.] The yew. [Obs.] Dryden.
Eugubian, Eugubine
Eu*gu"bi*an (?), Eu"gu*bine (?), a. Of or pertaining to the ancient
town of Eugubium (now Gubbio); as, the Eugubine tablets, or tables, or
inscriptions.
Euharmonic
Eu`har*mon"ic (?), a. [Pref. -eu + harmonic.] (Mus.) Producing
mathematically perfect harmony or concord; sweetly or perfectly
harmonious.
Euhemerism
Eu*hem"er*ism (?) n. [L. Euhemerus, Gr. The theory, held by Euhemerus,
that the gods of mythology were but deified mortals, and their deeds
only the amplification in imagination of human acts.
Euhemerist
Eu*hem"er*ist, n. One who advocates euhemerism.
Euhemeristic
Eu*hem`er*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to euhemerism.
Euhemerize
Eu*hem"er*ize (?) v. t. To interpret (mythology) on the theory of
euhemerism.
Euisopoda
Eu`i*sop"o*da (?). pl. [NL. See Eu- and Isopoda.] (Zo\'94l.) A group
which includes the typical Isopoda.
Eulachon
Eu"la*chon (?), n. [Native Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) The candlefish.
[Written also oulachan, oolacan, and ulikon.] See Candlefish.
Eulerian
Eu*le"ri*an (?) a. Pertaining Euler, a German mathematician of the
18th century. Eulerian integrals, certain definite integrals whose
properties were first investigated by Euler.
Eulogic, Eulogical
Eu*log"ic (?), Eu*log"ic*al (?), a. [See Eulogy.] Bestowing praise of
eulogy; commendatory; eulogistic. [R.] -- Eu*log"ic*al*ly, adv. [R.]
Eulogist
Eu"lo*gist (?) n. One who eulogizes or praises; panegyrist; encomiast.
Buckle.
Eulogistic, Eulogistical
Eu`lo*gis"tic (?), Eu`lo*gis"tic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
eulogy; characterized by eulogy; bestowing praise; panegyrical;
commendatory; laudatory; as, eulogistic speech or discourse. --
Eu"lo*gis"tic*al*ly, adv.
Eulogium
Eu*lo"gi*um (?) n.; pl. Eulogiums (#). [LL., fr. Gr. A formal eulogy.
Smollett.
Eulogize
Eu"lo*gize (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eulogized. (p. pr. & vb. n.
Eulogizing (?).] To speak or write in commendation of (another); to
extol in speech or writing; to praise.
Eulogy
Eu"lo*gy (?), n.; pl. Eulogies (#). [Gr. Eulogium, and see Legend.] A
speech or writing in commendation of the character or services of a
person; as, a fitting eulogy to worth.
Eulogies turn into elegies. Spenser.
Syn. -- Encomium; praise; panegyric; applause. -- Eulogy, Eulogium,
Encomium, Panegyric. The idea of praise is common to all these words.
The word encomium is used of both persons and things which are the
result of human action, and denotes warm praise. Eulogium and eulogy
apply only to persons and are more studied and of greater length. A
panegyric was originally a set speech in a full assembly of the
people, and hence denotes a more formal eulogy, couched in terms of
warm and continuous praise, especially as to personal character. We
may bestow encomiums on any work of art, on production of genius,
without reference to the performer; we bestow eulogies, or pronounce a
eulogium, upon some individual distinguished for his merit public
services; we pronounce a panegyric before an assembly gathered for the
occasion.
Eulytite
Eu"ly*tite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) a mineral, consisting chiefly of the
silicate of bismuth, found at Freiberg; -- called also culytine.
Eumenides
Eu*men"i*des (?), n. pl. [L., from Gr. (Class. Myth.) A euphemistic
name for the Furies of Erinyes.
Eumolpus
Eu*mol"pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small beetles,
one species of which (E. viti) is very injurious to the vines in the
wine countries of Europe.
Eunomian
Eu*no"mi*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Eunomius, bishop of
Cyzicus (4th century A. D.), who held that Christ was not God but a
created being, having a nature different from that of the Father. --
a. Of or pertaining to Eunomius or his doctrine.
Eunomy
Eu"no*my (?), n. [Gr. Equal law, or a well-adjusted constitution of
government. [R.] Mitford.
Eunuch
Eu"nuch (?), n. [L. eunuchus, Gr. A male of the human species
castrated; commonly, one of a class of such persons, in Oriental
countries, having charge of the women's apartments. Some of them, in
former times, gained high official rank.
Eunuch, Eunuchate
Eu"nuch (?), Eu"nuch*ate, v. t. [L. eunuchare.] To make a eunuch of;
to castrate. as a man. Creech. Sir. T. Browne.
Eunuchism
Eu"nuch*ism (?), n. [L. eunuchismus an unmanning, Gr. eunuchisme
eunuchism.] The state of being eunuch. Bp. Hall.
Euonymin
Eu*on"y*min (?), n. (Med.) A principle or mixture of principles
derived from Euonymus atropurpureus, or spindle tree.
Euonymus
Eu*on"y*mus (?), n. [NL. (cf. L. euonymos). fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of
small European and American trees; the spindle tree. The bark is used
as a cathartic.
Euornithes
Eu`or*ni"thes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr., Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The division of
Aves which includes all the typical birds, or all living birds except
the penguins and birds of ostrichlike form.
Euosmitte
Eu*os"mitte (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A fossil resin, so called from its
strong, peculiar, pleasant odor.
Eupathy
Eu"pa*thy (?), n. [Gr. Eu-, and Pathetic.] Right feeling. [R.] Harris.
Eupatorin Eupatorine
Eu*pat"o*rin Eu*pat"o*rine (?), n. (Med.) A principle or mixture of
principles extracted from various species of Eupatorium.
Eupatorium
Eu`pa*to"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Eupator, king of Pontus, said to have
used it as a medicine.] (Bot.) A genus of perennial, composite herbs
including hemp agrimony, boneset, throughwort, etc.
Eupatrid
Eu"pa*trid (?), n. [Gr. One well born, or of noble birth.
Eupepsia, Eupepsy
Eu*pep"si*a (?), Eu*pep"sy (?), n. [NL. eupepsia, Fr. Gr. (Med.)
Soundness of the nutritive or digestive organs; good concoction or
digestion; -- opposed to dyspepsia.
Eupeptic
Eu*pep"tic (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to good digestion; easy of
digestion; having a good digestion; as, eupeptic food; an eupeptic
man.
Wrapt in lazy eupeptic fat. Carlyle.
Euphemism
Eu"phe*mism (?), n. [Gr. euph\'82misme. See Fame.] (Rhet.) A figure in
which a harts or indelicate word or expression is softened; a way of
describing an offensive thing by an inoffensive expression; a mild
name for something disagreeable.
Euphemistic, Euphemistical
Eu`phe*mis"tic (?), Eu`phe*mis"tic*al (?), a. Pertaining to euphemism;
containing a euphemism; softened in expression. --
Eu`phe*mis"tic*al*ly, adv.
Euphemize
Eu"phe*mize (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Euphemized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Euphemizing.] [Gr. To express by a euphemism, or in delicate
language; to make use of euphemistic expressions.
Euphoniad
Eu*pho"ni*ad (?), n. [See Euphony.] (Mus.) An instrument in which are
combined the characteristic tones of the organ and various other
instruments. [R.]
Euphonic, Euphonical
Eu*phon"ic (?), Eu*phon"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or exhibiting,
euphony; agreeable in sound; pleasing to the ear; euphonious; as, a
euphonic expression; euphonical orthography.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 515
Euphonicon
Eu*phon"i*con (?), n. [See Euphony.] (Mus.) A kind of uptight piano.
Euphonious
Eu*pho"ni*ous (?), a. Pleasing or sweet in sound; euphonic;
smooth-sounding. Hallam. -- Eu*pho"ni*ous*ly, adv.
Euphonism
Eu"pho*nism (?), n. An agreeable combination of sounds; euphony.
Euphonium
Eu*pho"ni*um (?), n. [NL. See Euphony.] (Mus.) A bass instrument of
the saxhorn family.
Euphonize
Eu"pho*nize (?), v. t. To make euphonic. [R.]
Euphonon
Eu"pho*non (?), n. [See Euphony.] (Mus.) An instrument resembling the
organ in tine and the upright piano in form. It is characterized by
great strength and sweetness of tone.
Euphonous
Eu"pho*nous (?), n. Euphonious. [R.]
Euphony
Eu"pho*ny (?), n.; pl. Euphonies (#). [L. euphonia, Gr. euphonie.] A
pleasing or sweet sound; an easy, smooth enunciation of sounds; a
pronunciation of letters and syllables which is pleasing to the ear.
Euphorbia
Eu*phor"bi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. euphorbea. See Euphorrium.] (Bot.)
Spurge, or bastard spurge, a genus of plants of many species, mostly
shrubby, herbaceous succulents, affording an acrid, milky juice. Some
of them are armed with thorns. Most of them yield powerful emetic and
cathartic products.
Euphorbiaceous, Euphorbial
Eu*phor`bi*a"ceous (?), Eu*phor"bi*al (?), a. (Bot.) Of, relating to,
or resembling, the Euphorbia family.
Euphorbin Euphorbine
Eu*phor"bin Eu*phor"bine (?), n. (Med.) A principle, or mixture of
principles, derived from various species of Euphorbia.
Euphorbium
Eu*phor"bi*um (?), n. [NL., fr. L. euphorbeum, from Gr. Euphorbus, a
Greek physician.] (Med.) An inodorous exudation, usually in the form
of yellow tears, produced chiefly by the African Euphorbia resinifrea.
It was formerly employed medicinally, but was found so violent in its
effects that its use is nearly abandoned.
Euphotide
Eu"pho*tide (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A rock occurring in the Alps,
consisting of saussurite and smaragdite; -- sometimes called gabbro.
Euphrasy
Eu"phra*sy (?), n. [NL. euphrasia, fr. Gr. eufrasia, F. eufrasie.]
(Bot.) The plant eyesight (euphrasia officionalis), formerly regarded
as beneficial in disorders of the eyes.
Then purged with euphrasy and rue The visual nerve, for he had much
to see. Milton.
Euphroe
Eu"phroe (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A block or long slat of wood,
perforated for the passage of the crowfoot, or cords by which an
awning is held up. [Written also uphroe and uvrou.] Knight.
Euphuism
Eu"phu*ism (?), n. [Gr. Euphues, or the Anatomy of Wit," and "Euphues
and his England."] (Rhet.) An affectation of excessive elegance and
refinement of language; high-flown diction.
Euphuist
Eu"phu*ist, n. One who affects excessive refinement and elegance of
language; -- applied esp. to a class of writers, in the age of
Elizabeth, whose productions are marked by affected conceits and
high-flown diction.
Euphuistic
Eu`phu*is"tic (?), a. Belonging to the euphuists, or euphuism;
affectedly refined.
Euphuize
Eu"phu*ize (?), v. t. To affect excessive refinement in language; to
be overnice in expression.
Eupione
Eu"pi*one (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A limpid, oily liquid obtained by the
destructive distillation of various vegetable and animal substances;
-- specifically, an oil consisting largely of the higher hydrocarbons
of the paraffin series. [Written also eupion.]
Eupittone
Eu*pit"tone (?), n. [Pref. eu- + pittacal + -one.] (Chem.) A yellow,
crystalline substance, resembling aurin, and obtained by the oxidation
of pittacal; -- called also eupittonic acid. [Written also eupitton.]
Eupittonic
Eu`pit*ton"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from,
eupittone.
Euplastic
Eu*plas"tic (?), a. [Pref. eu- + -plastic.] (Med.) Having the capacity
of becoming organizable in a high degree, as the matter forming the
false membranes which sometimes result from acute inflammation in a
healthy person. Dunglison.
Euplastic
Eu*plas"tic, n. (Med.) Organizable substance by which the tissues of
an animal body are renewed.
Euplectella
Eu`plec*tel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l) A genus of elegant,
glassy sponges, consisting of interwoven siliceous fibers, and growing
in the form of a cornucopia; -- called also Venus's flower-basket.
Euplexoptera
Eu`plex*op"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of insects,
including the earwig. The anterior wings are short, in the form of
elytra, while the posterior wings fold up beneath them. See Earwig.
Eupn\'91a
Eup*n\'91"a (?), n. [NL., fr. gr. (Physiol.) Normal breathing where
arterialization of the blood is normal, in distinction from
dyspn\'91a, in which the blood is insufficiently arterialized. Foster.
Eupryion
Eu*pry"i*on (?), n. [Gr. A contrivance for obtaining a light
instantaneous, as a lucifer match. Brande & C.
Eurasian
Eu*ra"sian (?), n. [European + Asian.]
1. A child of a European parent on the one side and an Asiatic on the
other.
2. One born of European parents in Asia.
Eurasian
Eu*ra"sian (?), a. Of European and Asiatic descent; of or pertaining
to both Europe and Asia; as, the great Eurasian plain.
Eurasiatio
Eu*ra`si*at"io (?), a. (Geog.) Of or pertaining to the continents of
Europe and Asia combined.
Eureka
Eu*re"ka (?). [Gr. The exclamation attributed to Archimedes, who is
said to have cried out "Eureka! eureka!" (I have found it! I have
found it!), upon suddenly discovering a method of finding out how much
the gold of King Hiero's crown had been alloyed. Hence, an expression
of triumph concerning a discovery.
Eurhipidurous
Eu*rhip`i*du"rous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having a fanlike tail;
belonging to the Eurhipidur\'91, a division of Aves which includes all
living birds.
Euripize
Eu"ri*pize (?), v. t. [See Euripus.] To whirl hither and thither.
[Obs.]
Euripus
Eu*ri"pus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. A strait; a narrow tract of water,
where the tide, or a current, flows and reflows with violence, as the
ancient fright of this name between Eub\'91a and B\'91otia. Hence, a
flux and reflux. Burke.
Euritte
Eu"ritte (?), n. [Cf. F. eurite.] (Min.) A compact feldspathic rock;
felsite. See Felsite.
Euritic
Eu*rit"ic (?), a. Of or pelating to eurite.
Euroclydon
Eu*roc"ly*don (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. i. e. a north-east wind, as in the
Latin Yulgate Euro-aquilo.] A tempestuous northeast wind which blows
in the Mediterranean. See Levanter.
A tempestuous wind called Euroclydon. Acts xxvii. 14.
European
Eu`ro*pe"an (?), a. [L. europeaus, Gr. europa.)] Of or pertaining to
Europe, or to its inhabitants. On the European plain, having rooms to
let, and leaving it optional with guests whether they will take meals
in the house; -- said of hotels. [U. S.]
European
Eu`ro*pe"an, n. A native or an inhabitant of Europe.
Europeanize
Eu`ro*pe"an*ize (?), v. t. To cause to become like the Europeans in
manners or character; to habituate or accustom to European usages.
A state of society . . . changed and Europenized. Lubbock.
Eurus
Eu"rus (?), n. [L., gr. The east wind.
Euryale
Eu*ry"a*le (?), n. [NL., fr. Euryale, one of the Gorgons.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of water lilies, growing in India and China. The
only species (E. ferox) is very prickly on the peduncles and calyx.
The rootstocks and seeds are used as food.
2. (Zo\'94l) A genus of ophiurans with much-branched arms.
Euryalida
Eu`ry*al"i*da (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of Ophiuroidea,
including the genera Euryale, Astrophyton, etc. They generally have
the arms branched. See Astrophyton.
Eurycerous
Eu*ryc"er*ous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having broad horns.
Eurypteroid
Eu*ryp"ter*oid (?), a. [Eurypterus + -oid.] (Paleon.) Like, or
pertaining to, the genus Euryperus.
Eurypteroidea
Eu*ryp`te*roi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Eurypteroid.] (Paleont.) An
extinct order of Merostomata, of which the genus Eurypterus is the
type. They are found only in Paleozoic rocks. [Written also
Eurypterida.]
Eurypterus
Eu*ryp"te*rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of extinct
Merostomata, found in Silurian rocks. Some of the species are more
than three feet long.
Eurythmy
Eu"ryth*my (?), n. [L. eurythmia, Gr. eurythmie.]
1. (Fine Arts) Just or harmonious proportion or movement, as in the
composition of a poem, an edifice, a painting, or a statue.
2. (Med.) Regularly of the pulse.
Eusebian
Eu*se"bi*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Eusebius, bishop of
C\'91sarea, who was a friend and protector of Arius.
Eustachian
Eu*sta"chi*an (?), a. [From Eustachi, a learned Italian physician who
died in Rome, 1574.] (Anat.) (a) Discovered by Eustachius. (b)
Pertaining to the Eustachian tube; as, Eustachian catheter. Eustachian
catheter, a tubular instrument to be introduced into the Eustachian
tube so as to allow of inflation of the middle ear through the nose or
mouth. -- Eustrachian tube (Anat.), a passage from the tympanum of the
ear to the pharynx. See Ear. -- Eustachian valve (Anat.), a
crescent-shaped fold of the lining membrane of the heart at the
entrance of the vena cava inferior. It directs the blood towards the
left auricle in the fetus, but is rudimentary and functionless in the
adult.
Eustyle
Eu"style` (?), n. [Gr. eustyle.] (Arch.) See Intercolumnlation.
Eutaxy
Eu"tax*y (?), n. [Gr. eutaxie.] Good or established order or
arrangement. [R.] E. Waterhouse.
Euterpe
Eu*ter"pe (?). [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Class. Myth.) The Muse who presided over music.
2. (Bot.) A genus of palms, some species of which are elegant trees.
Euterpean
Eu*ter"pe*an (?) a. Of or pertaining to Euterpe or to music.
Euthanasia
Eu`tha*na"si*a (?) n. [NL., fr. Gr. euthanasie.] An easy death; a mode
of dying to be desired. "An euthanasia of all thought." Hazlitt.
The kindest wish of my friends is euthanasia. Arbuthnot.
<-- 2. A putting to death for humane purposes. Used to refer to the
killing of animals to relieve or avoid pain. -->
Euthanasy
Eu*than"a*sy (?), n. Same as Euthanasia.
Euthiochroic
Eu`thi*o*chro"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or denoting, an
acid so called. Euthiochroic acid (Chem.), a complex derivative of
hydroquinone and sulphonic (thionic) acid. -- so called because it
contains sulphur, and forms brilliantly colored (yellow) salts.
Euthyneura
Eu`thy*neu"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A large division of
gastropod molluske, including the Pulmonifera and Opisthobranchiata.
Eutrophy
Eu"tro*phy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Healthy nutrition; soundless as regards
the nutritive functions.
Eutychian
Eu*tych"i*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Eutyches [5th
century], who held that the divine and the human in the person of
Christ were blended together as to constitute but one nature; a
monophysite; -- opposed to Nestorian.
Eutychianism
Eu*tych"i*an*ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The doctrine of Eutyches and
his followers.
Euxanthic
Eux*an"thic (?) a. (Chem.) Having a yellow color; pertaining to,
derived from, or resembling, euxanthin. Euxanthic acid (Chem.), a
yellow, crystalline, organic acid, extracted from euxanthin.
Euxanthin
Eux*an"thin (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A yellow pigment imported from India
and China. It has a strong odor, and is said to be obtained from the
urine of herbivorous animals when fed on the mango. It consists if a
magnesium salt of euxanthic acid. Called also puri, purree, and Indian
yellow.
Euxenite
Eux"e*nite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A brownish black mineral with a
metallic luster, found in Norway. It contains niobium, titanium,
yttrium, and uranium, with some other metals.
Evacate
E*va"cate (?), v. t. [Pref. e- + vacate.] To empty. [Obs.] Harvey.
Evacuant
E*vac"u*ant (?), a. [L.evacuans, -antis, p. pr. of evacuare: cf. F.
\'82vacuant.] Emptying; evacuative; purgative; cathartic. -- n. (Med.)
A purgative or cathartic.
Evacuate
E*vac"u*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evacuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evacuating.] [l. evacuatus, p. p. of evacuare to empty, nullify; e out
+ vacuus empty, vacare to be empty. See Vacate.]
1. To make empty; to empty out; to remove the contents of; as, to
evacuate a vessel or dish.
2. Fig.: To make empty; to deprive. [R.]
Evacuate the Scriptures of their most important meaning. Coleriage.
3. To remove; to eject; to void; o discharge, as the contents of a
vessel, or of the bowels.
4. To withdraw from; to quit; to retire from; as, soldiers from a
country, city, or fortress.
The Norwegians were forced to evacuate the country. Burke.
5. To make void; to nullify; to vacate; as, to evacuate a contract or
marriage. [Obs.] Bacon.
Evacuate
E*vac"u*ate, v. i. To let blood [Obs.] Burton.
Evacuation
E*vac`u*a"tion (?), n. [L. evacuatio: cf. F. \'82vacuation.]
1. The act of emptying, clearing of the contents, or discharging.
Specifically: (a) (Mil.) Withdrawal of troops from a town, fortress,
etc. (b) (Med.) Voidance of any matter by the natural passages of the
body or by an artificial opening; defecation; also, a diminution of
the fluids of an animal body by cathartics, venesection, or other
means.
2. That which is evacuated or discharged; especially, a discharge by
stool or other natural means. Quincy.
3. Abolition; nullification. [Obs.] Hooker.
Evacuation day, the anniversary of the day on which the British army
evacuated the city of New York, November 25, 1783.
Evacuative
E*vac"u*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82vacuatif.] Serving of tending to
evacuate; cathartic; purgative.
Evacuator
E*vac"u*a`tor (?), n. One who evacuates; a nullifier. "Evacuators of
the law." Hammond.
Evacuatory
E*vac"u*a*to*ry (?), n. A purgative.
Evade
E*vade" (v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evaded; p. pr. & vb. n.. Evading.] [L.
evadere, evasum, e out + vadere to go, walk: cf. F. s'\'82vader. See
Wade.] To get away from by artifice; to avoid by dexterity,
subterfuge, address, or ingenuity; to elude; to escape from cleverly;
as, to evade a blow, a pursuer, a punishment; to evade the force of an
argument.
The heathen had a method, more truly their own, of evading the
Christian miracles. Trench.
Evade
E*vade", v. t.
1. To escape; to slip away; -- sometimes with from. "Evading from
perils." Bacon.
Unarmed they might Have easily, as spirits evaded swift By quick
contraction or remove. Milton.
2. To attempt to escape; to practice artifice or sophistry, for the
purpose of eluding.
The ministers of God are not to evade and take refuge any of these
. . . ways. South.
Syn>- To equivocate; shuffle. See Prevaricate.
Evadible
E*vad"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being evaded. [R.]
Evagation
Ev`a*ga"tion (?), n. [L. evagatio, fr. evagari to wander forth: cf. F.
\'82vagation. See Vagary.] A wandering about; excursion; a roving.
[R.] Ray.
Evagination
E*vag`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. evaginatio an extending, evaginare to
unsheathe; e out + vagina sheath.] The act of unsheathing.
Eval
E"val (?), a. [L. aevum lifetime, age, eternity.] Relating to time or
duration. [Obs.]
Evaluate
E*val"u*ate (?), v. t. [See Evaluation.] To fix the value of; to rate;
to appraise.
Evaluation
E*val`u*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82valuation, LL. evaluatio.]
Valuation; appraisement. J. S. Mill.
Evanesce
Ev`a*nesce" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Evanesced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evanescing. (.] [L. evanescere; e out + vanescere to vanish, fr. vanus
empty, vain. See Vain, and cf. Evanish.] To vanish away; to because
dissipated and disappear, like vapor.
I believe him to have evanesced or evaporated. De Quincey.
Evanescence
Ev`a*nes"cence (?), n. The act or state of vanishing away;
disappearance; as, the evanescence of vapor, of a dream, of earthly
plants or hopes. Rambler.
Evanescent
Ev`a*nes"cent (?), a. [L. evanescens, -entis, p. pr. of evanescere.]
1. Liable to vanish or pass away like vapor; vanishing; fleeting; as,
evanescent joys.
So evanescent are the fashions of the world in these particulars.
Hawthorne.
2. Vanishing from notice; imperceptible.
The difference between right and wrong, is some petty cases, is
almost evanescent. Wollaston.
Evanescently
Ev`a*nes"cent*ly, adv. In a vanishing manner; imperceptibly. Chalmers.
Evangel
E*van"gel (?), n. [F. \'82vangile, L. evangelium, Gr. Eu-, and cf.
Evangely.] Good news; announcement of glad tidings; especially, the
gospel, or a gospel. Milton.
Her funeral anthem is a glad evangel. Whittier.
Evangelian
E`van*ge"li*an (?), a. Rendering thanks for favors.
Evangelic
E`van*gel"ic (?), a. [L. evangelicus, Gr. \'82vang\'82lique. See
Evangel.] Belonging to, or contained in, the gospel; evangelical.
"Evangelic truth." J. Foster.
Evangelical
E`van*gel"ic*al (?), a.
1. Contained in, or relating to, the four Gospels; as, the evangelical
history.
2. Belonging to, agreeable or consonant to, or contained in, the
gospel, or the truth taught in the New Testament; as, evangelical
religion.
3. Earnest for the truth taught in the gospel; strict in interpreting
Christian doctrine; pre\'89minetly orthodox; -- technically applied to
that party in the Church of England, and in the Protestant Episcopal
Church, which holds the doctrine of "Justification by Faith alone";
the Low Church party. The term is also applied to other religion
bodies not regarded as orthodox.
Evangelical Alliance, an alliance for mutual strengthening and common
work, comprising Christians of different denominations and countries,
organized in Liverpool, England, in 1845. -- Evangelical Church. (a)
The Protestant Church in Germany. (b) A church founded by a fusion of
Lutherans and Calvinists in Germany in 1817. -- Evangelical Union, a
religion sect founded in Scotland in 1843 by the Rev. James Morison;
-- called also Morisonians.
Evangelical
E`van*gel"ic*al, n. One of evangelical principles.
Evangelicalism
E`van*gel"ic*al*ism (?), n. Adherence to evangelical doctrines;
evangelism. G. Eliot.
Evangelically
E`van*gel"ic*al*ly, adv. In an evangelical manner.
Evangelicalness
E`van*gel"ic*al*ness, n. State of being evangelical.
Evangelicism
E`van*gel"i*cism (?) n. Evangelical principles; evangelism.
Evangelicity
E*van`ge*lic"i*ty (?), n. Evangelicism.
Evangelism
E*van"gel*ism (?) n. The preaching or promulgation of the gospel.
Bacon.
Evangelist
E*van"gel*ist, n. [F. \'82vang\'82liste, L. evangelista, fr. Gr. A
bringer of the glad tidings of Church and his doctrines. Specially:
(a) A missionary preacher sent forth to prepare the way for a resident
pastor; an itinerant missionary preacher. (b) A writer of one of the
four Gospels (With the definite article); as, the four evangelists,
Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. (c) A traveling preacher whose efforts
are chiefly directed to arouse to immediate repentance.
The Apostles, so far as they evangelized, might claim the tittle
though there were many evangelists who were not Apistles. Plumptre.
Evangelistary
E*van`gel*is"ta*ry (?), n. [LL. evangelistarium.] A selection of
passages from the Gospels, as a lesson in divine service. Porson.
Evangelistic
E*van`gel*is"tic (?), a. Pertaining to the four evangelists; designed
or fitted to evangelize; evangelical; as, evangelistic efforts.
Evangelization
E*van`gel*i*za"tion (?) n. The act of evangelizing; the state of being
evangelized.
The work of Christ's ministers is evangelization. Hobbes.
Evangelize
E*van"gel*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evangelized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Evangelizing (?)]. [F. \'82vang\'82lisre, LL. evangelizare, fr. Gr.
To instruct in the gospel; to preach the gospel to; to convert to
Christianity; as, to evangelize the world.
His apostles whom he sends To evangelize the nations. Milton.
Evangelize
E*van"gel*ize, v. i. To preach the gospel.
Evangely
E*van"ge*ly (?), n. Evangel. [Obs.]
The sacred pledge of Christ's evangely. Spenser.
Evangile
E*van"gile (?), n. [F. \'82vangile. See Evangel.] Good tidings;
evangel. [R.]
Above all, the Servians . . . read, with much avidity, the evangile
of their freedom. Londor.
Evanid
E*van"id (?), a. [L. evanidus, fr. evanescere. See Evanesce.] Liable
to vanish or disappear; faint; weak; evanescent; as, evanid color.
[Obs.]
They are very transistory and evanid. Barrow.
Evanish
E*van"ish (?), v. i. [Pref. e- + vanish: cf. L. evanescere. See
Evanesce, vanish.] To vanish.
Or like the rainbow's lovely form, Evanishing amid the storm.
Burns.
Evanishment
E*van"ish*ment (?), n. A vanishing; disappearance. [R.] T. Jefferson.
Evaporable
E*vap"o*ra*ble (?), a. Capable of being converted into vapor, or
dissipated by evaporation.
Evaporate
E*vap"o*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evaporated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evaporating (?).] [L. evaporatus, p. p. of evaporare; e out + vapor
steam or vapor. See Vapor.]
1. To pass off in vapor, as a fluid; to escape and be dissipated,
either in visible vapor, or in practice too minute to be visible.
2. To escape or pass off without effect; to be dissipated; to be
wasted, as, the spirit of writer often evaporates in the process of
translation.
To give moderate liberty for griefs and discontents to evaporate .
. . is a safe way. Bacon.
Evaporate
E*vap"o*rate, v. t.
1. To convert from a liquid or solid state into vapor (usually) by the
agency of heat; to dissipate in vapor or fumes.
2. To expel moisture from (usually by means of artificial heat),
leaving the solid portion; to subject to evaporation; as, to evaporate
apples.
3. To give vent to; to dissipate. [R.]
My lord of Essex evaporated his thoughts in a sonnet. Sir. H.
Wotton.
Evaporating surface (Steam Boilers), that part of the heating surface
with which water is in contact.
Evaporate
E*vap"o*rate (?), a. [L. evaporatus, p. p.] Dispersed in vapors.
Thomson.
Evaporation
E*vap`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L. evaporatio: cf. F. \'82vaporation.]
1. The process by which any substance is converted from a liquid state
into, and carried off in, vapor; as, the evaporation of water, of
ether, of camphor.
2. The transformation of a portion of a fluid into vapor, in order to
obtain the fixed matter contained in it in a state of greater
consistence.
3. That which is evaporated; vapor.
4. (Steam Engine) See Vaporization.
Evaporaive
E*vap"o*ra*ive (?), a. [L. evaporatius: cf. F. \'82vaporatif.]
Pertaining to, or producing, evaporation; as, the evaporative process.
Evaporator
E*vap"o*ra`tor (?), n. An apparatus for condensing vegetable juices,
or for drying fruit by heat.
Evaporometer
E*vap`o*rom"e*ter (?), n. [L. evaporare to evaporate + -meter: cf. F.
\'82vaporm\'8atre.] (Physics) An instrument for ascertaining the
quantity of a fluid evaporated in a given time; an atmometer.
Evasible
E*va"si*ble (?), a. That may be evaded. [R.]
Evasion
E*va"sion (?), n. [L. evasio: cf. F. \'82vasion. See Evade.] The act
of eluding or avoiding, particularly the pressure of an argument,
accusation, charge, or interrogation; artful means of eluding.
Thou . . . by evasions thy crime uncoverest more. Milton.
Syn. -- Shift; subterfuge; shuffling; prevarication; equivocation.
Evasive
E*va"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82vasif. See Evade.] Tending to evade, or
marked by evasion; elusive; shuffling; avoiding by artifice.
Thus he, though conscious of the ethereal guest, Answered evasive
of the sly request. Pope.
Stammered out a few evasive phrases. Macaulay.
-- E*va"sive*ly , adv. -- E*va"sive*ness, n.
Eve
Eve (?), n. [See Even, n.]
1. Evening. [Poetic]
Winter oft, at eve resumes the breeze. Thomson.
2. The evening before a holiday, -- from the Jewish mode of reckoning
the day as beginning at sunset. not at midnight; as, Christians eve is
the evening before Christmas; also, the period immediately preceding
some important event. "On the eve of death." Keble.
Eve churr (Zo\'94l), the European goatsucker or nightjar; -- called
also night churr, and churr owl.
Evectics
E*vec"tics (?), n. [Gr. The branch of medical science which teaches
the method of acquiring a good habit of body. [Obs.]
Evection
E*vec"tion (?). [L. evectio a going up, fr. evehere to carry out; e
out + vehere to carry: cf. F \'82vection.]
1. The act of carrying up or away; exaltation. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
2. (Astron.) (a) An inequality of the moon's motion is its orbit to
the attraction of the sun, by which the equation of the center is
diminished at the syzygies, and increased at the quadratures by about
1° 20\'b7. (b) The libration of the moon. Whewell.
Even
E"ven (?) n. [OE. eve, even, efen, \'91fen. AS. \'d6fen; akin to OS.
\'beband, OFries, \'bevend, D. avond, OHG. \'beband, Icel. aptan, Sw.
afton, Dan. aften; of unknown origin. Cf. Eve, Evening.] Evening. See
Eve, n. 1. [Poetic.] Shak.
Even
E"ven, a. [AS. efen. efn; akin to OS. eban, D. even, OHG. eban, G.
efen, Icel. jafn, Dan. jevn, Sw. j\'84mn, Goth. ibns. Cf. Anent, Ebb.]
1. Level, smooth, or equal in surface; not rough; free from
irregularities; hence uniform in rate of motion of action; as, even
ground; an even speed; an even course of conduct.
2. Equable; not easily ruffed or disturbed; calm; uniformly
self-possessed; as, an even temper.
3. Parallel; on a level; reaching the same limit.
And shall lay thee even with the ground. Luke xix. 44.
4. Balanced; adjusted; fair; equitable; impartial; just to both side;
owing nothing on either side; -- said of accounts, bargains, or
persons indebted; as, our accounts are even; an even bargain.
To make the even truth in pleasure flow. Shak.
5. Without an irregularity, flaw, or blemish; pure. "I know my life so
even." Shak.
6. Associate; fellow; of the same condition. [Obs.] "His even
servant." Wyclif (Matt.
7. Not odd; capable of division by two without a remainder; -- said of
numbers; as, 4 and 10 are even numbers.
Whether the number of the stars is even or odd. Jer. Taylor.
On even ground, with equal advantage. -- On even keel (Naut.), in a
level or horizontal position.
Even
E"ven (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Evening
(?)]
1. To make even or level; to level; to lay smooth.
His temple Xerxes evened with the soil. Sir. W. Raleigh.
It will even all inequalities Evelyn.
2. To equal [Obs.] "To even him in valor." Fuller.
3. To place in an equal state, as to obligation, or in a state in
which nothing is due on either side; to balance, as accounts; to make
quits. Shak.
4. To set right; to complete.
5. To act up to; to keep pace with. Shak.
Even
E"ven (?), v. i. To be equal. [Obs.] R. Carew.
Even
E"ven, adv. [AS. efne. See Even, a., and cf. E'en.]
1. In an equal or precisely similar manner; equally; precisely; just;
likewise; as well. "Is it even so?" Shak.
Even so did these Gauls possess the coast. Spenser.
2. Up to, or down to, an unusual measure or level; so much as; fully;
quite.
Thou wast a soldier Even to Cato's wish. Shak.
Without . . . making us even sensible of the change. Swift.
3. As might not be expected; -- serving to introduce what is
unexpected or less expected.
I have made several discoveries, which appear new, even to those
who are versed in critical learning. Addison.
4. At the very time; in the very case.
I knew they were had enough to please, even when I wrote them.
Dryden.
NOTE: &hand; Ev en is sometimes used to emphasize a word or phrase.
"I have debated even in my soul."
Shak.
By these presence, even the presence of Lord Mortimer. Shak.
Evene
E*vene" (?), v. i. [L. evenire. See Event.] To happen. [Obs.] Hewyt.
Evener
E"ven*er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which makes even.
2. In vehicles, a swinging crossbar, to the ends of which other
crossbars, or whiffletrees, are hung, to equalize the draught when two
or three horses are used abreast.
Evenfall
E"ven*fall` (?), n. Beginning of evening. "At the quiet evenfall."
Tennyson.
Evenhand
E"ven*hand` (?), n. Equality. [Obs.] Bacon.
Evenhanded
E"ven*hand`ed, a. Fair or impartial; unbiased. "Evenhanded justice."
Shak. -- E"ven*hand`ed*ly, adv. -- E"ven*hand`ed*ness, n.
Evening
E"ven*ing (?), n. [AS. \'d6fnung. See even, n., and cf. Eve.]
1. The latter part and close of the day, and the beginning of darkness
or night; properly, the decline of the day, or of the sum.
In the ascending scale Of heaven, the stars that usher evening
rose. Milton.
NOTE: &hand; So metimes, es pecially in th e Southern parts of the
United States, the afternoon is called evening.
Bartlett.
2. The latter portion, as of life; the declining period, as of
strength or glory.
NOTE: &hand; So metimes used adjectively; as, evening gun. "Evening
Prayer."
Shak. Evening flower (Bot.), a genus of iridaceous plants
(Hesperantha) from the Cape of Good Hope, with sword-shaped leaves,
and sweet-scented flowers which expand in the evening. -- Evening
grosbeak (Zo\'94l.), an American singing bird (Coccothraustes
vespertina) having a very large bill. Its color is olivaceous, with
the crown, wings, and tail black, and the under tail coverts yellow.
So called because it sings in the evening. -- Evening primrose. See
under Primrose. -- The evening star, the bright star of early evening
in the western sky, soon passing below the horizon; specifically, the
planet Venus; -- called also Vesper and Hesperus. During portions of
the year, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn are also evening stars. See
Morning Star.
Evenly
E"ven*ly (?), adv. With an even, level, or smooth surface; without
roughness, elevations, or depression; uniformly; equally; comfortably;
impartially; serenely.
Evenminded
E"ven*mind`ed (?), a. Having equanimity.
Evenness
E"ven*ness, n. The state of being ven, level, or disturbed;
smoothness; horizontal position; uniformity; impartiality; calmness;
equanimity; appropriate place or level; as, evenness of surface, of a
fluid at rest, of motion, of dealings, of temper, of condition.
It had need be something extraordinary, that must warrant an
ordinary person to rise higher than his own evenness. Jer. Taylor.
Evensong
E"ven*song` (?), n. [AS. \'d6fensang.] A song for the evening; the
evening service or form of worship (in the Church of England including
vespers and compline); also, the time of evensong. Wyclif. Milton.
Event
E*vent" (?), n. [L. eventus, fr. evenire to happen, come out; e out +
venire to come. See Come.]
1. That which comes, arrives, or happens; that which falls out; any
incident, good or bad. "The events of his early years." Macaulay.
To watch quietly the course of events. Jowett (Thucyd. )
There is one event to the righteous, and to the wicked. Eccl. ix.
2.
2. An affair in hand; business; enterprise. [Obs.] "Leave we him to
his events." Shak.
3. The consequence of anything; the issue; conclusion; result; that in
which an action, operation, or series of operations, terminates.
Dark doubts between the promise and event. Young.
Syn. -- Incident; occurrence; adventure; issue; result; termination;
consequence; conclusion. -- Event, Occurrence, Incident, Circumstance.
An event denotes that which arises from a preceding state of things.
Hence we speak or watching the event; of tracing the progress of
events. An occurrence has no reference to any antecedents, but simply
marks that which meets us in our progress through life, as if by
chance, or in the course of divine providence. The things which thus
meet us, if important, are usually connected with antecedents; and
hence event is the leading term. In the "Declaration of Independence"
it is said, "When, in the cource of human events, it becomes
necessary." etc. Here, occurrences would be out of place. An incident
is that which falls into a state of things to which is does not
primarily belong; as, the incidents of a journey. The term is usually
applied to things of secondary importance. A circumstance is one of
the things surrounding us in our path of life. These may differ
greatly in importance; but they are always outsiders, which operate
upon us from without, exerting greater or less influence according to
their intrinsic importance. A person giving an account of a campaign
might dwell on the leading events which it produced; might mention
some of its striking occurrences; might allude to some remarkable
incidents which attended it; and might give the details of the
favorable or adverse circumstances which marked its progress.<--
events which produced it? --> <-- p. 517 -->
Event
E*vent" (?), v. t. [F. \'82venter to fan, divulge, LL. eventare to
fan, fr., L. e out + ventus wind.] To break forth. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Eventerate
E*ven"ter*ate (?), v. t. [L. e out + venter the belly: cf. F.
\'82venter.] To rip open; todisembowel. [Obs.] Sir. T. Brown.
Eventful
E*vent"ful (?) a. Full of, or rich in, events or incidents; as, an
eventful journey; an eventful period of history; an eventful period of
life.
Eventide
E"ven*tide` (?) n. [AS. \'d6fent\'c6d. See Tide.] The time of evening;
evening. [Poetic.] Spenser.
Eventilate
E*ven"ti*late (?), v. t. [L. eventilatus, p. p. of eventilare to fan.
See Ventilate.]
1. To winnow out; to fan. [Obs.] Cockeram.
2. To discuss; to ventilate. [Obs.] Johnson.
Eventilation
E*ven`ti*la"tion (?), n. The act of eventilating; discussion. [Obs.]
Bp. Berkely.
Eventless
E*vent"less (?), a. Without events; tame; monotomous; marked by
nothing unusual; uneventful.
Eventognathi
Ev`en*tog"na*thi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Dr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
fishes including a vast number of freshwater species such as the carp,
loach, chub, etc.
Eventration
E`ven*tra*tion (?), n. [L. e out + venter belly.] (Med.) (a) A tumor
containing a large portion of the abdominal viscera, occasioned by
relaxation of the walls of the abdomen. (b) A wound, of large extent,
in the abdomen, through which the greater part of the intestines
protrude. (c) The act af disemboweling.
Eventtual
E*vent"tu*al (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82ventiel. See Event.]
1. Coming or happening as a consequence or result; consequential.
Burke.
2. Final; ultimate. "Eventual success." Cooper.
3. (Law) Dependent on events; contingent. Marshall.
Eventuality
E*ven`tu*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Eventualities (#). [Cf. F.
\'82ventualit\'82.]
1. The coming as a consequence; contingency; also, an event which
comes as a consequence.
2. (Phren.) Disposition to take cognizance of events.
Eventually
E*ven"tu*al*ly (?), adv. In an eventual manner; finally; ultimately.
Eventuate
E*ven"tu*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eventuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eventuating.] To come out finally or in conclusion; to result; to come
to pass.
Eventuation
E*ven`tu*a"tion (?), n. The act of eventuating or happening as a
result; the outcome. R. W. Hamilton.
Ever
Ev"er (?) adv. [OE. ever, \'91fre, AS. \'91fre; perh. akin to AS. \'be
always. Cf. Aye, Age,Evry, Never.] [Sometimes contracted into e'er.]
1. At any time; at any period or point of time.
No man ever yet hated his own flesh. Eph. v. 29.
2. At all times; through all time; always; forever.
He shall ever love, and always be The subject of by scorn and
cruelty. Dryder.
3. Without cessation; continually.
NOTE: &hand; Ev er is so metimes used as an intensive or a word of
enforcement. "His the old man e'er a son?"
Shak.
To produce as much as ever they can. M. Arnold.
Ever and anon, now and then; often. See under Anon. -- Ever is one,
continually; constantly. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Ever so, in whatever
degree; to whatever extent; -- used to intensify indefinitely the
meaning of the associated adjective or adverb. See Never so, under
Never. "Let him be ever so rich." Emerson.
And all the question (wrangle e'er so long), Is only this, if God
has placed him wrong. Pope.
You spend ever so much money in entertaining your equals and
betters. Thackeray.
-- For ever, eternally. See Forever. -- For ever and a day,
emphatically forever. Shak.
She [Fortune] soon wheeled away, with scornful laughter, out of
sight for ever and day. Prof. Wilson.
-- Or ever (for or ere), before. See Or, ere. [Archaic]
Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven Or ever I had seen that
day, Horatio! Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Ever is sometimes joined to its adjective by a hyphen,
but in most cases the hyphen is needless; as, ever memorable, ever
watchful, ever burning.
Everduring
Ev`er*dur"ing (?) a. Everlasting. Shak.
Everglade
Ev`er*glade (?), n. A swamp or low tract of land inundated with water
and interspersed with hummocks, or small islands, and patches of high
grass; as, the everglades of Florida. [U. S.]
Evergreen
Ev"er*green (?) a. (Bot.) Remaining unwithered through the winter, or
retaining unwithered leaves until the leaves of the next year are
expanded, as pines cedars, hemlocks, and the like.
Evergreen
Ev"er*green, n.
1. (Bot.) An evergreen plant.
2. pl. Twigs and branches of evergreen plants used for decoration.
"The funeral evengreens entwine." Keble.
Everich, Everych
Ev"er*ich (?), Ev"er*ych, a. [OE. see Every.] each one; every one;
each of two. See Every. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Everichon, Everychon
Ev`er*ich*on", Ev`er*ych*on" (?), pron. [OE. everich + oon, on, one.
See Every, and One.] Every one. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Everlasting
Ever*last"ing (?) a.
1. Lasting or enduring forever; exsisting or continuing without end;
immoral; eternal. "The Everlasting God." Gen. xx1. 33.
2. Continuing indefinitely, or during a long period; perpetual;
sometimes used, colloquially, as a strong intensive; as, this
everlasting nonsence.
I will give to thee, and to thy seed after thee . . . the land of
Canaan, for an everlasting possession. Gen xvii. 8.
And heard thy everlasting yawn confess The pains and penalties of
idleness. Pope.
Syn. -- Eternal; immortal, interminable; endless; never-ending;
infinite; unceasing; uninterrupted; continual; unintermitted;
incessant. - Everlasting, Eternal. Eternal denotes (when taken
strictly) without beginning or end of duration; everlasting is
sometimes used in our version of the Scriptures in the sense of
eternal, but in modern usage is confined to the future, and implies no
intermission as well as no end.
Whether we shall meet again I know not; Therefore our everlasting
farewell take; Forever, and forever farewell, Cassius. Shak.
Everlasting flower. Sane as Everlasting, n., 3. -- Everlasting pea, an
ornamental plant (Lathyrus latifolius) related to the pea; -- so
called because it is perennial.
Enerlasting
En`er*last"ing, n.
1. Eternal duration, past of future; eternity.
From everlasting to everlasting, thou art God. Ps. xc. 2.
2. (With the definite article) The Eternal Being; God.
3. (Bot.) A plant whose flowers may be dried without losing their form
or color, as the pearly everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea), the
immortelle of the French, the cudweeds, etc.
4. A cloth fabic for shoes, etc. See Lasting.
Everlastingly
Ev`er*last"ing*ly, adv. In an everlasting manner.
Everlastingness
Ev`er*last"ing*ness, n. The state of being everlasting; endless
duration; indefinite duration.
Everliving
Ev`er*liv"ing (?), a.
1. Living always; immoral; eternal; as, the everliving God.
2. Continual; incessant; unintermitted.
Evermore
Ev`er*more" (?), adv. During eternity; always; forever; for an
indefinite period; at all times; -- often used substantively with for.
Seek the Lord . . . Seek his face evermore. Ps. cv. 4.
And, behold, I am alive for evermore. Rev. i. 18.
Which flow from the presence of God for evermore. Tillotson.
I evermore did love you, Hermia. Shak.
Evernic
E*ver"nic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to Evernia, a genus of lichens;
as, evernic acid.
Everse
E*verse" (?), v. t. [L. eversus, p. p. of evertere to turn out,
overthrow; e out + vertere to turn. Cf. Evert.] To overthrow or
subvert. [Obs.] Glanvill.
Eversion
E*ver"sion (?), n. [L. eversio: cf. F. \'82version.]
1. The act of eversing; destruction. Jer. Taylor.
2. The state of being turned back or outward; as, eversion of eyelids;
ectropium.
Eversive
E*ver"sive (?), a. Tending to evert or overthrow; subversive; with of.
A maxim eversive . . . of all justice and morality. Geddes.
Evert
E*vert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Everted; p. pr. & vb. n. Everting.]
[L. evertere. See Everse.]
1. To overthrow; to subvert. [R.] Ayliffe.
2. To turn outwards, or inside out, as an intestine.
Every
Ev"er*y (?), a. & a. pron. [OE. everich, everilk; AS. ever + \'91lc
each. See Ever, each.]
1. All the parts which compose a whole collection or aggregate number,
considered in their individuality, all taken separately one by one,
out of an indefinite bumber.
Every man at his best state is altogether vanity. Ps. xxxix. 5.
Every door and window was adorned with wreaths of flowers.
Macaulay.
2. Every one. Cf. Each. [Obs.] "Every of your wishes." Shak.
Daily occasions given to every of us. Hooker.
Every each, every one. [Obs.] "Every each of them hath some vices."
Burton.. -- Every now and then, at short intervals; occasionally;
repeatedly; frequently. [Colloq.]
NOTE: &hand; Every may, by way of emphasis, precede the article the
with a superlative adjective; as, every, the least variation.
Locke. Syn. -- Every, Each, Any. Any denotes one, or some, taken
indifferently from the individuals which compose a class. Every
differs from each in giving less promonence to the selection of the
individual. Each relates to two or more individuals of a class. It
refers definitely to every one of them, denoting that they are
considered separately, one by one, all being included; as, each
soldier was receiving a dollar per day. Every relates to more than two
and brings into greater prominence the notion that not one of all
considered is excepted; as, every soldier was on service, except the
cavalry, that is, all the soldiers, etc.
In each division there were four pentecosties, in every pentecosty
four enomoties, and of each enomoty there fought in the front rank
four [soldiers]. Jowett (Thucyd. ).
If society is to be kept together and the children of Adam to be
saved from setting up each for himself with every one else his foe.
J. H. Newman.
Everybody
Ev"er*y*bod`y (?), n. Every person.
Everyday
Ev"er*y*day` (?), a. Used or fit for every day; common; usual; as, an
everyday suit or clothes.
The mechanical drudgery of his everyday employment. Sir. J.
Herchel.
Everyone
Ev"er*y*one` (?), n. [OE. everychon.] Everybody; -- commonly
separated, every one.
Everything
Ev"er*y*thing` (?), n. Whatever pertains to the subject under
consideration; all things.
More wise, more learned, more just, more everything. Pope.
Everywhen
Ev"er*y*when` (?), adv. At any or all times; every instant. [R.]
"Eternal law is silently present everywhere and everywhen." Carlyle.
Everywhere
Ev"er*y*where` (?), adv. In every place; in all places; hence, in
every part; throughly; altogether.
Everywhereness
Ev"er*y*where`ness (?), n. Ubiquity; omnipresence. [R.] Grew.
Evesdrop
Eves"drop` (?), v. i. See Eavesdrop.
Evesdropper
Eves"drop`per (?), n. See Eavesdropper.
Evestigate
E*ves"ti*gate (?), v. t. [L. evestigatus traced out; e out +
vestigatus, p. p. of vestigare. See Vestigate.] To investigate. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Evet
Ev"et (?), n. [See Eft, n.] (Zo\'94l.) The common newt or eft. In
America often applied to several species of aquatic salamanders.
[Written also evat.]
Evibrate
E*vi"brate (?), v. t. & i. [L. evibrare. See Vibrate.] To vibrate.
[Obs.] Cockeram.
Evict
E*vict" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evicted; p. pr. & vb. n. Evicting.]
[L. evictus, p. p. of evincere to overcome completely, evict. See
Evince.]
1. (Law) To dispossess by a judicial process; to dispossess by
paramount right or claim of such right; to eject; to oust.
The law of England would speedily evict them out of their
possession. Sir. J. Davies.
2. To evince; to prove. [Obs.] Cheyne.
Eviction
E*vic"tion (?), n. [L. evictio: cf. F. \'82viction.]
1. The act or process of evicting; or state of being evicted; the
recovery of lands, tenements, etc., from another's possession by due
course of law; dispossession by paramount title or claim of such
title; ejectment; ouster.
2. Conclusive evidence; proof. [Obs.]
Full eviction of this fatal truth. South.
Evidence
Ev"i*dence (?), n. [F. \'82vidence, L. Evidentia. See Evident.]
1. That which makes evident or manifest; that which furnishes, or
tends to furnish, proof; any mode of proof; the ground of belief or
judgement; as, the evidence of our senses; evidence of the truth or
falsehood of a statement.
Faith is . . . the evidence of things not seen. Heb. xi. 1.
O glorious trial of exceeding love Illustrious evidence, example
high. Milton.
2. One who bears witness. [R.] "Infamous and perjured evidences." Sir
W. Scott.
3. (Law) That which is legally submitted to competent tribunal, as a
means of ascertaining the truth of any alleged matter of fact under
investigation before it; means of making proof; -- the latter,
strictly speaking, not being synonymous with evidence, but rather the
effect of it. Greenleaf.
Circumstantial evidence, Conclusive evidence, etc. See under
Circumstantial, Conclusive, etc. -- Crown's, King's, OR Queen's
evidence, evidence for the crown. [Eng.] -- State's evidence, evidence
for the government or the people. [U. S. ] -- To turn King's, Queen's
OR State's evidence, to confess a crime and give evidence against
one's accomplices. Syn. -- Testimony; proof. See Tesimony.
Evidence
Ev"i*dence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evidenced (?); p, pr. & vb. n.
Evidencing (?).] To render evident or clear; to prove; to evince; as,
to evidence a fact, or the guilt of an offender. Milton.
Evidencer
Ev"i*den*cer (?), n. One whi gives evidence.
Evident
Ev"i*dent (?), a. [F. \'82vinent, l. evidens, -entis; e out + videns,
p. pr. of videre to see. See Vision.] Clear to the vision; especially,
clear to the understanding, and satisfactory to the judgment; as, the
figure or color of a body is evident to the senses; the guilt of an
offender can not always be made evident.
Your honor and your goodness is so evident. Shak.
And in our faces evident the sings Of foul concupiscence. Milton.
Syn. -- Manifest; plain; clear; obvious; visible; apparent;
conclusive; indubitable; palpable; notorious. See Manifest.
Evidential
Ev`i*den"tial (?), a. Relating to, or affording, evidence; indicative;
especially, relating to the evidences of Christianity. Bp. Fleetwood.
"Evidential tracks." Earle.. -- Ev`i*den"tial*ly, adv.
Evidentiary
Ev`i*den"ti*a*ry (?), a. Furnishing evidence; asserting; proving;
evidential.
When a fact is supposed, although incorrectly, to be evidentiary
of, a mark of, some other fact. J. S. Mill.
Evidently
Ev"i*dent*ly (?), adv. In an evident manner; clearly; plainly.
Before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been evidently set forth. Gal.
iii. 1.
He has evidently in the prime of youth. W. Irving.
Evidentness
Ev"i*dent*ness, n. State of being evident.
Evigilation
E*vig`i*la"tion (?), n. [L. evigilatio; e out + vigilare to be awake.
See Vigilant.] A waking up or awakening. [Obs.]
Evil
E*vil (?) a. [OE. evel, evil, ifel, uvel, AS. yfel; akin to OFries,
evel, D. euvel, OS. & OHG. ubil, G. \'81bel, Goth. ubils, and perh. to
E. over.]
1. Having qualities tending to injury and mischief; having a nature or
properties which tend to badness; mischievous; not good; worthless or
deleterious; poor; as, an evil beast; and evil plant; an evil crop.
A good tree can not bring forth evil fruit. Matt. vii. 18.
2. Having or exhibiting bad moral qualities; morally corrupt; wicked;
wrong; vicious; as, evil conduct, thoughts, heart, words, and the
like.
Ah, what a sign it is of evil life, When death's approach is seen
so terrible. Shak.
3. Producing or threatening sorrow, distress, injury, or calamity;
unpropitious; calamitous; as, evil tidings; evil arrows; evil days.
Because he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel.
Deut. xxii. 19.
The owl shrieked at thy birth -- an evil sign. Shak.
Evil news rides post, while good news baits. Milton.
Evil eye, an eye which inflicts injury by some magical or fascinating
influence. It is still believed by the ignorant and superstitious that
some persons have the supernatural power of injuring by a look.
It almost led him to believe in the evil eye. J. H. Newman.
-- Evil speaking, speaking ill of others; calumny; censoriousness. --
The evil one, the Devil; Satan. <-- p. 518 bad typing! -->
NOTE: &hand; Ev il is so metimes wr itten as th e first part of a
compound (with or without a hyphen). In many cases the compounding
need not be insisted on. Examples: Evil doer or evildoer, evil
speakink or evil-speaking, evil worker, evil wishink, evil-hearted,
evil-minded.
Syn. -- Mischieveous; pernicious; injurious; hurtful; destructive;
wicked; sinful; bad; corrupt; perverse; wrong; vicious; calamitious.
Evil
> E"vil (?) n.
1. Anything which impairs the happiness of a being or deprives a being
of any good; anything which causes suffering of any kind to sentient
beings; injury; mischief; harm; -- opposed to good.
Evils which our own misdeeds have wrought. Milton.
The evil that men do lives after them. Shak.
2. Moral badness, or the deviation of a moral being from the
principles of virtue imposed by conscience, or by the will of the
Supreme Being, or by the principles of a lawful human authority;
disposition to do wrong; moral offence; wickedness; depravity.
The heart of the sons of men is full of evil. Eccl. ix. 3.
3. malady or disease; especially in the phrase king's evil, the
scrofula. [R.] Shak.
He [Edward the Confessor] was the first that touched for the evil.
Addison.
Evil
> E"vil, adv. In an evil manner; not well; ill; badly; unhappily;
injuriously; unkindly. Shak.
It went evil with his house. 1 Chron. vii. 23.
The Egyptians evil entreated us, and affected us. Deut. xxvi. 6.
Evil eye
> E"vil eye` (?). See Evil eye under Evil, a.
Evil-eyed
> E"vil-eyed (?) a. Possessed of the supposed evil eye; also, looking
with envy, jealousy, or bad design; malicious. Shak.
Evil-favored
> E"vil-fa`vored (?), a. Having a bad countenance or appearance;
ill-favored; blemished; deformed. Bacon. -- E"vil-fa`vored*ness, n.
Deut. xvi. 1.
Evilly
> E"vil*ly (?), adv. In an evil manner; not well; ill. [Obs.] "Good
deeds evilly bestowed." Shak.
Evil-minded
> E"vil-mind`ed (?), a. Having evil dispositions or intentions;
disposed to mischief or sin; malicious; malignant; wicked. --
E"vil-mind`ed*ness, n.
Evilness
> E"vil*ness, n. The condition or quality of being evil; badness;
viciousness; malignity; vileness; as, evilness of heart; the evilness
of sin.
Evince
> E*vince" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evinced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evincing (?).] [L. evincere vanquish completely, prevail, succeed in
proving; e out + vincere to vanquish. See Victor, and cf. Evict.]
1. To conquer; to subdue. [Obs.]
Error by his own arms is best evinced. Milton.
2. To show in a clear manner; to prove beyond any reasonable doubt; to
manifest; to make evident; to bring to light; to evidence.
Common sense and experience must and will evince the truth of this.
South.
Evincement
> E*vince"ment (?), n. The act of evincing or proving, or the state of
being evinced.
Evincible
> E*vin"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of being proved or clearly brought to
light; demonstrable. Sir. M. Hale. --E*vin"ci*bly, adv.
Evincive
> E*vin"cive (?), a. Tending to prove; having the power to
demonstrate; demonstrative; indicative.
Evirate
> E"vi*rate (?), v. t. [L. eviratus, p. p. of evirare to castrate; e
out + vir man.] To emasculate; to dispossess of manhood. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
Eviration
> Ev`i*ra"tion (?), n. [L. eviratio.] Castration. [Obs.]
Eviscerate
> E*vis"cer*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eviscerated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Eviscerating (?).] [L. evisceratus, p. p. of eviscerare to
eviscerate; e out + viscera the bowels. See Viscera.] To take out the
entrails of; to disembowel; to gut.
Evisceration
> E*vis`cer*a"tion (?), a. A disemboweling.
Evitable
> Ev"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L. evitabilis: cf. F. \'82vitable.] A voidable.
[R.] Hooker.
Evitate
> Ev"i*tate (?), v. t. [L. evitatus, p. p. of evitare to shun; e out +
vitare to shun.] To shun; to avoid. [Obs.] Shak.
Evitation
> Ev`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. evitatio.] A shunning; avoidance. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Evite
> E*vite" (?), v. t. [Cf. F. \'82viter. See Evitate.] To shun. [Obs.]
Dryton.
Eviternal
> Ev`i*ter"nal (?), a. [L. eviternus, aeternus. See Etern.] Eternal;
everlasting. [Obs.] -- Ev`i*ter"nal*ly, adv. Bp. Hall.
Eviternity
> Ev`i*ter"ni*ty (?), n. Eternity. [Obs.]
Evocate
> Ev"o*cate (?), v. t. [L. evocatus, p. p. of evocare. See Evoke.] To
call out or forth; to summon; to evoke. [R.] Stackhouse.
Evocation
> Ev`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L. evocatio: cf. F. \'82vocation.] The act of
calling out or forth. Sir. T. Browne.
The evocation of that better spirit. M. Arnold.
Evocative
> E*vo"ca*tive (?), a. Calling forth; serving to evoke; developing.
Evocative power over all that is eloquent and expressive in the
better soul of man. W. Pater.
Evocator
> Ev"o*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] One who calls forth. [R.]
Evoke
> E*voke" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evoked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evoking.] [L. evocare; e out + vocare to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice:
cf. F \'82voquer. See Voice, and cf. Evocate.]
1. To call out; to summon forth.
To evoke the queen of the fairies. T. Warton.
A requlating discipline of exercise, that whilst evoking the human
energies, will not suffer them to be wasted. De Quincey.
2. To call away; to remove from one tribunal to another. [R.] "The
cause was evoked to Rome." Hume.
Evolatic, Evolatical
> Ev`o*lat"ic (?), Ev`o*lat"ic*al (?), a. [L. evolare to fly away; e
out + volare to fly.] Apt to fly away. [Obs. or R.] Blount.
Evolation
> Ev`o*la"tion (?), n. [L. evolatio.] A flying out or up. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
Evolute
> Ev"o*lute (?), n. [L. evolutus unrolled, p. p. of evolvere. See
Evolve.] (Geom.) A curve from which another curve, called the involute
or evolvent, is described by the end of a thread gradually wound upon
the former, or unwound from it. See Involute. It is the locus of the
centers of all the circles which are osculatory to the given curve or
evolvent.
NOTE: &hand; Any curve may be an evolute, the term being applied to
it only in its relation to the involute.
Evolutility
> Ev`o*lu*til"i*ty (?), n. [See Evolution.] (Biol.) The faculty
possessed by all substances capable of self-nourishment of manifesting
the nutritive acts by changes of form, of volume, or of structure.
Syd. Soc. Lex.
Evolution
> Ev`o*lu"tion (?), n. [L. evolutio an unrolling: cf. F. \'82volution
evolution. See Evolve.]
1. The act of unfolding or unrolling; hence, in the process of growth;
development; as, the evolution of a flower from a bud, or an animal
from the egg.
2. A series of things unrolled or unfolded. "The whole evolution of
ages." Dr. H. More.
3. (Geom.) The formation of an involute by unwrapping a thread from a
curve as an evolute. Hutton.
4. (Arith. & Alg.) The extraction of roots; -- the reverse of
involution.
5. (Mil. & Naval) A prescribed movement of a body of troops, or a
vessel or fleet; any movement designed to effect a new arrangement or
disposition; a maneuver.
Those evolutions are best which can be executed with the greatest
celerity, compatible with regularity. Campbell.
6. (Biol.) (a) A general name for the history of the steps by which
any living organism has acquired the morphological and physiological
characters which distinguish it; a gradual unfolding of successive
phases of growth or development. (b) That theory of generation which
supposes the germ to pre\'89xist in the parent, and its parts to be
developed, but not actually formed, by the procreative act; -- opposed
to epigenesis.
7. (Metaph.) That series of changes under natural law which involves
continuous progress from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous in
structure, and from the single and simple to the diverse and manifold
in quality or function. The pocess is by some limited to organic
beings; by others it is applied to the inorganic and the psychical. It
is also applied to explain the existence and growth of institutions,
manners, language, civilization, and every product of human activity.
The agencies and laws of the process are variously explained by
different philosophrs.
Evolution is to me series with development. Gladstone.
Evolutional
> Ev`o*lu"tion*al (?), a. Relating to evolution. "Evolutional
changes." H. Spenser.
Evolutionary
> Ev`o*lu"tion*a*ry (?), a. Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary
discussions.
Evolutionism
> Ev`o*lu"tion*ism (?), n. The theory of, or belief in, evolution. See
Evolution, 6 and 7.
Evolutionist
> Ev`o*lu"tion*ist (?), n.
1. One skilled in evolutions.
2. one who holds the doctrine of evolution, either in biology or in
metaphysics. Darwin.
Evolve
> E*volve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Evolved (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evolving.] [L. evolvere, evolutum; e out + volvere to roll. See
Voluble.]
1. To unfold or unroll; to open and expand; to disentangle and exhibit
clearly and satisfactorily; to develop; to derive; to educe.
The animal soul sooner evolves itself to its full orb and extent
than the human soul. Sir. M. Hale.
The principles which art involves, science alone evolves. Whewell.
Not by any power evolved from man's own resources, but by a power
which descended from above. J. C. Shairp.
2. To throw out; to emit; as, to evolve odors.
Evolve
> E*volve", v. i. To become open, disclosed, or developed; to pass
through a process of evolution. Prior.
Evolvement
> E*volve"ment (?), n. The act of evolving, or the state of being
evolved; evolution.
Evolvent
> E*volv"ent (?), n. [L. evolvents. -entis, unrolling, p. pr. of
evolvere.] (Geom.) The involute of a curve. See Involute, and Evolute.
Evomit
> E*vom"it (?), v. t. [L. evomitus, p. p. of evomere to vomit forth; e
out + vomere.] To vomit. [Obs.]
Evomition
> Ev`o*mi"tion (?), n. The act of vomiting. [Obs.] Swift.
Evulgate
> E*vul"gate (?) v. t. [L. evulgatus, p. p. of evulgare to publish.]
To publish abroad. [Obs.]
Evulgation
> Ev`ul*ga"tion (?), n. A divulging. [Obs.]
Evulsion
> E*vul"sion (?), n. [L. evulsio, fr. evellere, evulsum, to pluck out;
e out + vellere to pluck; cf. F. \'82vulsion.] The act of plucking
out; a rooting out.
Ew
> Ew (?), n. [See Yew.] A yew. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ewe
> Ewe (?), n. [AS. e\'a2wu; akin to D. ooi, OHG. awi, ouwi, Icel.
\'91r, Goth. aw\'c7\'edi a flock of sheep, awistr a sheepfold, Lith.
avis a sheep, L. ovis, Gr. avi. \'fb231.] (Zo\'94l.) The female of the
sheep, and of sheeplike animals.
Ewe-necked
> Ewe"-necked` (?), a. Having a neck like a ewe; -- said of horses in
which the arch of the neck is deficent, being somewhat hollowed out.
Youwatt.
Ewer
> Ew"er (?), n. [OF. ewer, euwier, prop. a water carrier, F. \'82vier
a washing place, sink, aigui\'8are ewer, L. aquarius, adj., water
carrying, n., a water carrier, fr. aqua water; akin to Goth. ahwa
water, river, OHG, aha, G. au, aue, meadow. \'fb219. Cf. Aquarium,
Aquatic, Island.] A kind of widemouthed pitcher or jug; esp., one used
to hold water for the toilet.
Basins and ewers to lave her dainty hands. Shak.
Ewery, Ewry
> Ew"er*y (?), Ew"ry (?) n. [From Ewer.] An office or place of
household service where the ewers were formerly kept. [Enq.] Parker.
Ewt
> Ewt (?), n. [See Newt.] (Zo\'94l.) The newt.
Ex-
> Ex- (?). A prefix from the latin preposition, ex, akin to Gr. 'ex or
'ek signifying out of, out, proceeding from. Hence, in composition, it
signifies out of, as, in exhale, exclude; off, from, or out. as in
exscind; beyond, as, in excess, exceed, excel; and sometimes has a
privative sense of without, as in exalbuminuos, exsanguinous. In some
words, it intensifies the meaning; in others, it has little affect on
the signification. It becomes ef- before f, as in effuse. The form e-
occurs instead of ex- before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, and v, as in
ebullient, emanate, enormous, etc. In words from the French it often
appears as es-, sometimes as s- or \'82-; as, escape, scape, \'82lite.
Ex-, prefixed to names implying office, station, condition, denotes
that the person formerly held the office, or is out of the office or
condition now; as, ex-president, ex-governor, ex-mayor, ex-convict.
The Greek form 'ex becomes ex in English, as in exarch; 'ek becomes
ec, as in eccentric.
Exacerbate
> Ex*ac"er*bate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exacerrated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Exacerrating (?).] [L. exacerbatus, p. p. of exacerbare; ex out
(intens.) + acerbare. See Acerbate.] To render more violent or bitter;
to irriate; to exasperate; to imbitter, as passions or disease.
Broughman.
Exacerbation
> Ex*ac`er*ba"tion (?) n. [Cf. F. exacerbation.]
1. The act rendering more violent or bitter; the state of being
exacerbated or intensified in violence or malignity; as, exacerbation
of passion.
2. (Med.) A periodical increase of violence in a disease, as in
remittent or continious fever; an increased energy of diseased and
painful action.
Exacerbescence
> Ex*ac`er*bes"cence (?), n. [L. exacerbescens, -entis, p. pr. of
exacerbescere, incho. of exacerbare.] Increase of irritation or
violence, particularly the increase of a fever or disease.
Exacervation
> Ex*ac`er*va"tion (?), n. [L. exacervare to heap up exceedingly. See
Ex-, and Acervate.] The act of heaping up. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exacinate
> Ex*ac"i*nate (?), v. t. [L. ex out + acinus kernel.] To remove the
kernel form.
Exacination
> Ex*ac`i*na"tion (?), n. Removal of the kernel.
Exact
> Ex*act" (?), a. [L. exactus precise, accurate, p. p. of exigere to
drive out, to demand, enforce, finish, determine, measure; ex out +
agere to drive; cf. F. exact. See Agent, Act.]
1. Precisely agreeing with a standard, a fact, or the truth; perfectly
conforming; neither exceeding nor falling short in any respect; true;
correct; precise; as, the clock keeps exact time; he paid the exact
debt; an exact copy of a letter; exact accounts.
I took a great pains to make out the exact truth. Jowett (Thucyd. )
2. Habitually careful to agree with a standard, a rule, or a promise;
accurate; methodical; punctual; as, a man exact in observing an
appointment; in my doings I was exact. "I see thou art exact of
taste." Milton.
3. Precisely or definitely conceived or stated; strict.
An exact command, Larded with many several sorts of reason. Shak.
Exact
> Ex*act", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exacted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exacting.]
[From L. exactus, p. p. of exigere; or fr. LL. exactare: cf. OF.
exacter. See Exact, a.] To demand or require authoritatively or
peremptorily, as a right; to enforce the payment of, or a yielding of;
to compel to yield or to furnish; hence, to wrest, as a fee or reward
when none is due; -- followed by from or of before the one subjected
to exaction; as, to exact tribute, fees, obedience, etc., from or of
some one.
He said into them, Exact no more than that which is appointed you.
Luke. iii. 13.
Years of servise past From grateful souls exact reward at last
Dryden.
My designs Exact me in another place. Massinger.
Exact
> Ex*act", v. i. To practice exaction. [R.]
The anemy shall not exact upon him. Ps. lxxxix. 22.
Exacter
> Ex*act"er (?), n. An exactor. [R.]
Exacting
> Ex*act"ing, a. Oppressive or unreasonably severe in making demands
or requiring the exact fulfillment of obligations; harsh; severe. "A
temper so exacting." T. Arnold -- Ex*act"ing*ly, adv. --
Ex*act"ing*ness, n.
Exaction
> Ex*ac"tion (?), n. [L. exactio: cf. F. exaction.]
1. The act of demanding with authority, and compelling to pay or
yield; compulsion to give or furnish; a levying by force; a driving to
compliance; as, the exaction to tribute or of obedience; hence,
extortion.
Take away your exactions from my people. Ezek. xlv. 9.
Daily new exactions are devised. Shak.
Illegal exactions of sheriffs and officials. Bancroft.
2. That which is exacted; a severe tribute; a fee, reward, or
contribution, demanded or levied with severity or injustice. Daniel.
Exacritude
> Ex*acr"i*tude (?), n. [Cf. F. exactitude.] The quality of being
exact; exactness.
Exactly
> Ex*act"ly, adv. In an exact manner; precisely according to a rule,
standard, or fact; accurately; strictly; correctly; nicely. "Exactly
wrought." Shak.
His enemies were pleased, for he had acted exactly as their
interests required. Bancroft.
Exactness
> Ex*act"ness, n.
1. The condition of being exact; accuracy; nicety; precision;
regularity; as, exactness of jurgement or deportment.
2. Careful observance of method and conformity to truth; as, exactness
in accounts or business.
He had . . . that sort of exactness which would have made him a
respectable antiquary. Macaulay.
Exactor
> Ex*act"or (?), n. [L.: cf. F. exacteur.] One who exacts or demands
by authority or right; hence, an extortioner; also, one unreasonably
severe in injunctions or demands. Jer. Taylor.
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Exactress
Ex*act"ress (?), n. [Cf. L. exactrix.] A woman who is an exactor. [R.]
B. Jonson.
Exacuate
Ex*ac"u*ate (?), v. t. [L. exacure; ex out (intens.) + acuere to make
sharp.] To whet or sharpen. [Obs.] B. Jonson. -- Ex*ac`u*a"tion (#),
n. [Obs.]
Ex\'91resis
Ex*\'91r"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Surg.) In old writers, the
operations concerned in the removal of parts of the body.
Exaggerate
Ex*ag"ger*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exaggerated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Exaggerating . ] [L. exaggeratus , p. p. of exaggerare to heap up;
ex out + aggerare to heap up, fr. agger heap, aggerere to bring to; ad
to + gerere to bear. See Jest. ]
1. To heap up; to accumulate. [Obs.] "Earth exaggerated upon them
[oaks and firs]." Sir M. Hale.
2. To amplify; to magnify; to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth ; to
delineate extravagantly ; to overstate the truth concerning.
A friend exaggerates a man's virtues. Addison.
Exaggerated
Ex*ag"ger*a`ted (?), a. Enlarged beyond bounds or the truth. --
Ex*ag"ger*a`ted*ly, adv.
Exaggerating
Ex*ag"ger*a`ting (?) a. That exaggerates; enlarging beyond bounds. --
Ex*ag"ger*a`ting*ly, adv.
Exaggeration
Ex*ag`ger*a"tion (?), n. [L. exaggeratio : cf. F. exag\'82ration.]
1. The act of heaping or piling up. [Obs.] "Exaggeration of sand." Sir
M. Hale.
2. The act of exaggerating; the act of doing or representing in an
excessive manner; a going beyond the bounds of truth reason, or
justice; a hyperbolical representation; hyperbole; overstatement.
No need of an exaggeration of what they saw. I. Taylor.
3. (Paint.) A representation of things beyond natural life, in
expression, beauty, power, vigor.
Exaggerative
Ex*ag"ger*a*tive (?), a. Tending to exaggerate; involving
exaggeration. "Exaggerative language." Geddes. "Exaggerative
pictures." W. J. Linton. -- Ex*ag"ger*a*tive*ly, adv. Carlyle.
Exaggerator
Ex*ag"ger*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who exaggerates; one addicted to
exaggeration. L. Horner.
Exaggeratory
Ex*ag"ger*a*to*ry (?), a. Containing, or tending to, exaggeration;
exaggerative. Johnson.
Exagitate
Ex*ag"i*tate (?), v. t. [L. exagitatus, p. p. of exagitare. See Ex-,
and Agitate.]
1. To stir up; to agitate. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
2. To satirize; to censure severely. [Obs.] Hooker.
Exagitation
Ex*ag`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. exagitatio : cf. OF. exagitation.]
Agitation. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exalbuminous
Ex`al*bu"mi*nous (?), a. [Pref. ex- + albumen.] (Bot.) Having no
albumen about the embryo; -- said of certain seeds.
Exalt
Ex*alt" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exalted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exalting.]
[L. exaltare; ex out (intens.) + altare to make high, altus high:
cf.F. exalter. See Altitude.]
1. To raise high; to elevate; to lift up.
I will exalt my throne above the stars of God. Is. xiv. 13.
Exalt thy towery head, and lift thine eyes Pope.
2. To elevate in rank, dignity, power, wealth, character, or the like;
to dignify; to promote; as, to exalt a prince to the throne, a citizen
to the presidency.
Righteousness exalteth a nation. Prov. xiv. 34.
He that humbleth himself shall be exalted. Luke xiv. 11.
3. To elevate by prise or estimation; to magnify; to extol; to
glorify. "Exalt ye the Lord." Ps. xcix. 5.
In his own grace he doth exalt himself. Shak.
4. To lift up with joy, pride, or success; to inspire with delight or
satisfaction; to elate.
They who thought they got whatsoever he lost were mightily exalted.
Dryden.
5. To elevate the tone of, as of the voice or a musical instrument.
Is. xxxvii. 23.
Now Mars, she said, let Fame exalt her voice. Prior.
6. (Alchem.) To render pure or refined; to intensify or concentrate;
as, to exalt the juices of bodies.
With chemic art exalts the mineral powers. Pope.
Exaltate
Ex"al*tate (?), a. [L. exaltatus, p. p. of exaltare to exalt.]
(Astrol.) Exercising its highest influence; -- said of a planet.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Exaltation
Ex`al*ta"tion (?), n. [L. exaltatio: cf. F.exaltation.]
1. The act of exalting or raising high; also, the state of being
exalted; elevation.
Wondering at my flight, and change To this high exaltation. Milton.
2. (Alchem.) The refinement or subtilization of a body, or the
increasing of its virtue or principal property.
3. (Astrol.) That place of a planet in the zodiac in which it was
supposed to exert its strongest influence.
Exalted
Ex*alt"ed (?), a. Raised to lofty height; elevated; extolled; refined;
dignified; sublime.
Wiser far than Solomon, Of more exalted mind. Milton.
Time never fails to bring every exalted reputation to a strict
scrutiny. Ames.
-- Ex*alt"ed*ly, adv. -- Ex*alt"ed*ness, n. "The exaltedness of some
minds." T. Gray.
Exalter
Ex*alt"er (?), n. One who exalts or raises to dignity.
Exaltment
Ex*alt"ment (?), n. Exaltation. [Obs.] Barrow.
Examen
Ex*a"men (?), n. [L., the tongue of a balance, examination; for
exagmen, fr. exigere to weigh accurately, to treat: cf. F. examen. See
Exact, a.] Examination; inquiry. [R.] "A critical examen of the two
pieces." Cowper.
Exametron
Ex*am"e*tron (?), n. [NL. See Hexameter.] An hexameter. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Examinable
Ex*am"i*na*ble (?), a. Capable of being examined or inquired into.
Bacon.
Examinant
Ex*am"i*nant (?), n. [L. examinans, -antis, examining.]
1. One who examines; an examiner. Sir W. Scott.
2. One who is to be examined. [Obs.] H. Prideaux.
Examinate
Ex*am"i*nate (?), n. [L. examinatus, p. p. of examinare. See Examine.
] A person subjected to examination. [Obs.] Bacon.
Examination
Ex*am`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. examinatio: cf. F. examination.]
1. The act of examining, or state of being examined; a careful search,
investigation, or inquiry; scrutiny by study or experiment.
2. A process prescribed or assigned for testing qualification; as, the
examination of a student, or of a candidate for admission to the bar
or the ministry.
He neglected the studies, . . . stood low at the examinations.
Macaulay.
Examination in chief, OR Direct examination (Law), that examination
which is made of a witness by a party calling him. --
Cross-examination, that made by the opposite party. --
Re\'89xamination, OR Re-direct examination, that made by a party
calling a witness, after, and upon matters arising out of, the
cross-examination. Syn. -- Search; inquiry; investigation; research;
scrutiny; inquisition; inspection; exploration.
Examinator
Ex*am"i*na`tor (#), n. [L.: cf. F. examinateur.] An examiner. [R.] Sir
T. Browne.
Examine
Ex*am"ine (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Examined (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Examining.] [L. examinare, examinatum, fr. examen, examinis: cf. F.
examiner. See Examen.]
1. To test by any appropriate method; to inspect carefully with a view
to discover the real character or state of; to subject to inquiry or
inspection of particulars for the purpose of obtaining a fuller
insight into the subject of examination, as a material substance, a
fact, a reason, a cause, the truth of a statement; to inquire or
search into; to explore; as, to examine a mineral; to examine a ship
to know whether she is seaworthy; to examine a proposition, theory, or
question.
Examine well your own thoughts. Chaucer.
Examine their counsels and their cares. Shak.
2. To interrogate as in a judicial proceeding; to try or test by
question; as, to examine a witness in order to elicit testimony, a
student to test his qualifications, a bankrupt touching the state of
his property, etc.
The offenders that are to be examined. Shak.
Syn. -- To discuss; debate; scrutinize; search into; investigate;
explore. See Discuss.
Examinee
Ex*am`i*nee" (?), n. A person examined.
Examiner
Ex*am"in*er (?), n. One who examines, tries, or inspects; one who
interrogates; an officer or person charged with the duty of making an
examination; as, an examiner of students for a degree; an examiner in
chancery, in the patent office, etc.
Examinership
Ex*am"in*er*ship, n. The office or rank of an examiner.
Examining
Ex*am"in*ing, a. Having power to examine; appointed to examine; as, an
examining committee.
Examplary
Ex"am*pla*ry (?), a. [From Example, cf. Exemplary.] Serving for
example or pattern; exemplary. [Obs.] Hooker.
Example
Ex*am"ple (?), n. [A later form for ensample, fr. L. exemplum, orig.,
what is taken out of a larger quantity, as a sample, from eximere to
take out. See Exempt, and cf. Ensample, Sample.]
1. One or a portion taken to show the character or quality of the
whole; a sample; a specimen.
2. That which is to be followed or imitated as a model; a pattern or
copy.
For I have given you an example, that ye should do as John xiii.
15.
I gave, thou sayest, the example; I led the way. Milton.
3. That which resembles or corresponds with something else; a
precedent; a model.
Such temperate order in so fierce a cause Doth want example. Shak.
4. That which is to be avoided; one selected for punishment and to
serve as a warning; a warning.
Hang him; he'll be made an example. Shak.
Now these things were our examples, to the intent that we should
not lust after evil things, as they also lusted. 1 Cor. x. 6.
5. An instance serving for illustration of a rule or precept,
especially a problem to be solved, or a case to be determined, as an
exercise in the application of the rules of any study or branch of
science; as, in trigonometry and grammar, the principles and rules are
illustrated by examples. Syn. -- Precedent; case; instance. --
Example, Instance. The discrimination to be made between these two
words relates to cases in which we give "instances" or "examples" of
things done. An instance denotes the single case then "standing"
before us; if there be others like it, the word does not express this
fact. On the contrary, an example is one of an entire class of like
things, and should be a true representative or sample of that class.
Hence, an example proves a rule or regular course of things; an
instance simply points out what may be true only in the case
presented. A man's life may be filled up with examples of the
self-command and kindness which marked his character, and may present
only a solitary instance of haste or severity. Hence, the word
"example" should never be used to describe what stands singly and
alone. We do, however, sometimes apply the word instance to what is
really an example, because we are not thinking of the latter under
this aspect, but solely as a case which "stands before us." See
Precedent.
Example
Ex*am"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exampled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exampling
(?).] To set an example for; to give a precedent for; to exemplify; to
give an instance of; to instance. [Obs.] "I may example my digression
by some mighty precedent." Shak.
Burke devoted himself to this duty with a fervid assiduity that has
not often been exampled, and has never been surpassed. J. Morley.
Exampleless
Ex*am"ple*less (?), a. Without or above example. [R.]
Exampler
Ex*am"pler (?), n. [See Exemplar, Example, and cf. Sampler.] A
pattern; an exemplar. [Obs.]
Exampless
Ex*am"pless (?), a. Exampleless. [Wrongly formed.] B. Jonson.
Exanguious
Ex*an"gui*ous (?), a. Bloodless. [Obs.] See Exsanguious. Sir T.
Browne.
Exangulous
Ex*an"gu*lous (?), a. [Pref ex- + angulous.] Having no corners;
without angles. [R.]
Exanimate
Ex*an"i*mate (?), a. [L. exanimatus, p. p. of exanimare to deprive of
life or spirit; ex out + anima air, breath, life, spirit.]
1. Lifeless; dead. [R.] "Carcasses exanimate." Spenser.
2. Destitute of animation; spiritless; disheartened. [R.] "Pale . . .
wretch, exanimate by love." Thomson.
Exanimate
Ex*an"i*mate (?), v. t. To deprive of animation or of life. [Obs.]
Exanimation
Ex*an`i*ma"tion (?), n.[L. exanimatio.] Deprivation of life or of
spirits. [R.] Bailey.
Exanimous
Ex*an"i*mous (?), a. [L. exanimus, exanimis; ex out, without + anima
life.] Lifeless; dead. [Obs.] Johnson.
Exannulate
Ex*an"nu*late (?), a. [Pref. ex- + annulate.] (Bot.) Having the
sporangium destitute of a ring; -- said of certain genera of ferns.
Exanthem
Ex*an"them (?), n. Same as Exanthema.
Exanthema
Ex`an*the"ma (?), n.; pl. Exanthemata (#). [L., fr. Gr.exanth\'8ame.]
(Med.) An efflorescence or discoloration of the skin; an eruption or
breaking out, as in measles, smallpox, scarlatina, and the like
diseases; -- sometimes limited to eruptions attended with fever.
Dunglison.
Exanthematic, Exanthematous
Ex*an`the*mat"ic (?), Ex`an*them"a*tous (?), a. Of, relating to, or
characterized by, exanthema; efflorescent; as, an exanthematous
eruption.
Exanthesis
Ex`an*the"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. Exanthema. ] (Med.) An eruption
of the skin; cutaneous efflorescence.
Exantlate
Ex*ant"late (?), v. t. [L. exantlatus, p. p. of exantlare, exanclare,
to endure.] To exhaust or wear out. [Obs.] "Seeds . . . wearied or
exantlated." Boyle.
Exantlation
Ex`ant*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. exantlation.] Act of drawing out ;
exhaustion. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Exarate
Ex"a*rate (?), v. t. [L. exaratus, p. p. of exarare to plow up, to
write; ex out + arare to plow.] To plow up; also, to engrave; to
write. [Obs.] Blount.
Exaration
Ex`a*ra"tion (?), n. [L. exaratio.] Act of plowing; also, act of
writing. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exarch
Ex"arch (?), n. [L. exarchus, Gr. exarque.] A viceroy; in Ravenna, the
title of the viceroys of the Byzantine emperors; in the Eastern
Church, the superior over several monasteries; in the modern Greek
Church, a deputy of the patriarch , who visits the clergy,
investigates ecclesiastical cases, etc.
Exarchate
Ex*ar"chate (?), n. [LL. exarchatus, fr. L. exarchus: cf. F.
exarchat.] The office or the province of an exarch. Jer. Taylor.
Exarillate
Ex*ar"il*late (?), a. [Pref. ex- + arillate.] (Bot.) Having no aril;
-- said of certain seeds, or of the plants producing them.
Exarticulate
Ex`ar*tic"u*late (?), a. [Pref. ex- + articulate.] (Zo\'94l.) Having
but one joint; -- said of certain insects.
Exarticulation
Ex`ar*tic`u*la"tion (?), n. [Pref. ex- + articulation.] Luxation; the
dislocation of a joint. Bailey.
Exasperate
Ex*as"per*ate (?), a. [L. exasperatus, p. p. of exsasperare to
roughen, exasperate; ex out (intens.) + asperare to make rough, asper
rough. See Asperity.] Exasperated; imbittered. [Obs.] Shak.
Like swallows which the exasperate dying year Sets spinning. Mrs.
Browning.
Exasperate
Ex*as"per*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exsasperated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Exasperating (?).]
1. To irritate in a high degree; to provoke; to enrage; to exscite or
to inflame the anger of; as, to exasperate a person or his feelings.
To exsasperate them against the king of France. Addison.
2. To make grievous, or more grievous or malignant; to aggravate; to
imbitter; as, to exasperate enmity.
To exasperate the ways of death. Sir T. Browne.
Syn. -- To irritate; provoke. See Irritate.
Exasperater
Ex*as"per*a`ter (?), n. One who exasperates or inflames anger, enmity,
or violence.
Exasperation
Ex*as`per*a"tion (?), n. [L. exasperatio: cf. F. exasp\'82ration.]
1. The act of exasperating or the state of being exasperated;
irritation; keen or bitter anger.
Extorted from him by the exasperation of his spirits. South.
2. Increase of violence or malignity; aggravation; exacerbation.
"Exasperation of the fits." Sir H. Wotton.
Exaspidean
Ex`as*pid"e*an (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior scute
Exauctorate
Ex*auc"tor*ate (?), v. t. See Exauthorate. [Obs.]
Exauctoration
Ex*auc`tor*a"tion (?), n. See Exauthoration.
Exaugurate
Ex*au"gu*rate (?), v. t. [L. exauguratus, p. p. of exaugurare to
profane; ex out + augurari to act as an augur, fr. augur. ] To annul
the consecration of; to secularize; to unhellow. [Obs.] Holland.
Exauguration
Ex*au`gu*ra"tion (?), n. [L. exauguratio desecration.] The act of
exaugurating; desecration. [Obs.]
Exauthorate
Ex*au"thor*ate (?), v. t. [L. exauctoratus, p. p. of exauctorare to
dismiss; ex out + auctorare to bind to something, to hire, fr. auctor.
See Author.] To deprive of authority or office; to depose; to
discharge. [Obs.]
Exauthorated for their unworthiness. Jer. Taylor.
Exauthoration
Ex*au`thor*a"tion (?), n. Deprivation of authority or dignity;
degration. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Exauthorize
Ex*au"thor*ize (?), v. t. [Pref. ex- + authorize.] To deprive of
uthority. [Obs.] Selden.
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Exauthorize
Ex*au"thor*ize (?), v. t. [Pref. ex.] To deprive of authority. [Obs.]
Selden.
Excalceate
Ex*cal"ce*ate (?), v. t. [L. excalceatus, p. p. of excalceare to
unshoe. See Calceated.] To deprive of shoes. [Obs.] Chambers.
Excalceation
Ex*cal`ce*a"tion (?), n. The act of depriving or divesting of shoes.
[Obs.] Chambers.
Excalfaction
Ex`cal*fac"tion (?), n. [L. excalfactio.] A heating or warming;
calefaction. [Obs.] Blount.
Excalfactive
Ex`cal*fac"tive (?), a. [L. excalfacere to warm; ex out (intens.) +
calfacere to warm.] Serving to heat; warming. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
Excalfactory
Ex`cal*fac"to*ry (?), a. [L. excalfactorius.] Heating; warming. [Obs.]
Holland.
Excalibur
Ex*cal"i*bur (?), n. The name of King Arthur's mythical sword.
[Written also Excalibar, Excalibor, Escalibar, and Caliburn.]
Tennyson.
Excamb, Excambie
Ex*camb" (?), Ex*cam"bie (?), v. t. [LL. excambiare, excambire; L. ex
out + cambire. See Change, and cf. Exchange.] (Scots Law) To exchange;
-- used with reference to transfers of land.
Excambion, Excambium
Ex*cam"bi*on (?), Ex*cam"bi*um (?), n. [LL. excambium. See Excamb.]
(Scots Law) Exchange; barter; -- used commonly of lands.
Excandescence
Ex`can*des"cence (?), n. [L. excandescentia.]
1. A growing hot; a white or glowing heat; incandescence. [R.]
2. Violent anger; a growing angry. [Obs.] Blount.
Excandescent
Ex`can*des"cent (?), a. [L. excandescens, p. pr. of excandescere to
take fire, glow; ex out (intens.) + candescere to begin to glisten or
glow, fr. candere. See Candid.] White or glowing with heat. [R.] Ure.
Excantation
Ex`can*ta"tion (?), n. [L. excantare to charm out. See Ex, and Chant.]
Disenchantment by a countercharm. [Obs.] Gayton.
Excarnate
Ex*car"nate (?), v. t. [LL. excarnatus, p. p. of excarnare; L. ex out
+ caro, carnis, flesh.] To deprive or clear of flesh. Grew.
Excarnation
Ex`car*na"tion (?), n. The act of depriving or divesting of flesh;
excarnification; -- opposed to incarnation.
Excarnificate
Ex*car"ni*fi*cate (?), v. t. [L. ex out + LL. carnificatus, p. p.
carnificare to carnify; cf. L. excarnificare to tear to pieces,
torment. See Carnify.] To clear of flesh; to excarnate. Dr. H. More.
Excarnification
Ex*car`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act of excarnificating or of
depriving of flesh; excarnation. Johnson.
Excavate
Ex"ca*vate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excavated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Excavating(?).] [L. excavatus, p. p. of excavare to excavate; ex out +
cavare to make hollow, cavus hollow. See Cave.]
1. To hollow out; to form cavity or hole in; to make hollow by
cutting, scooping, or digging; as, to excavate a ball; to excavate the
earth.
2. To form by hollowing; to shape, as a cavity, or anything that is
hollow; as, to excavate a canoe, a cellar, a channel.
3. (Engin.) To dig out and remove, as earth.
The material excavated was usually sand. E. L. Corthell.
Excavating pump, a kind of dredging apparatus for excavating under
water, in which silt and loose material mixed with water are drawn up
by a pump. Knight.
Excavation
Ex`ca*va"tion (?), n. [L. excavatio: cf. F. excavation.]
1. The act of excavating, or of making hollow, by cutting, scooping,
or digging out a part of a solid mass.
2. A cavity formed by cutting, digging, or scooping. "A winding
excavation." Glover.
3. (Engin.) (a) An uncovered cutting in the earth, in distinction from
a covered cutting or tunnel. (b) The material dug out in making a
channel or cavity.
The delivery of the excavations at a distance of 250 feet. E. L.
Corthell.
Excavator
Ex"ca*va`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, excavates or hollows out;
a machine, as a dredging machine, or a tool, for excavating.
Excave
Ex*cave" (?), v. t. [L. excavare.] To excavate. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Excecate
Ex*ce"cate (?), v. t. [L. excaecatus, p. p. of excaecare to blind; ex
(intens.) + caecare to blind, caecus blind.] To blind. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Excecation
Ex`ce*ca"tion (?), n. The act of making blind. [Obs.] Bp. Richardson.
Excedent
Ex*ced"ent (?), n. [L. excedens, -entis, p. pr. of excedere. See
Exceed, v. t.] Excess. [R.]
Exceed
Ex*ceed" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exceeded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exceeding.] [L. excedere, excessum, to go away or beyond; ex out +
cedere to go, to pass: cf. F. exc\'82der. See Cede.] To go beyond; to
proceed beyond the given or supposed limit or measure of; to outgo; to
surpass; -- used both in a good and a bad sense; as, one man exceeds
another in bulk, stature, weight, power, skill, etc. ; one offender
exceeds another in villainy; his rank exceeds yours.
Name the time, but let it not Exceed three days. Shak.
Observes how much a chintz exceeds mohair. Pope.
Syn. -- To outdo; surpass; excel; transcend; outstrip; outvie;
overtop.
Exceed
Ex*ceed", v. i.
1. To go too far; to pass the proper bounds or measure. "In our
reverence to whom, we can not possibly exceed." Jer. Taylor.
Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed. Deut. xxv. 3.
2. To be more or greater; to be paramount. Shak.
Exceedable
Ex*ceed"a*ble (?), a. Capable of exceeding or surpassing. [Obs.]
Sherwood.
Exceeder
Ex*ceed"er (?), n. One who exceeds. Bp. Montagu.
Exceeding
Ex*ceed"ing, a. More than usual; extraordinary; more than sufficient;
measureless. "The exceeding riches of his grace." Eph. ii. 7. --
Ex*ceed"ing*ness, n. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Exceeding
Ex*ceed"ing, adv. In a very great degree; extremely; exceedingly.
[Archaic. It is not joined to verbs.] "The voice exceeding loud."
Keble.
His raiment became shining, exceeding white as snow. Mark ix. 3.
The Genoese were exceeding powerful by sea. Sir W. Raleigh.
Exceedingly
Ex*ceed"ing*ly (?), adv. To a very great degree; beyond what is usual;
surpassingly. It signifies more than very.
Excel
Ex*cel" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excelled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Excelling.] [L. excellere, excelsum; ex out + a root found in culmen
height, top; cf. F. exceller. See Culminate, Column.]
1. To go beyond or surpass in good qualities or laudable deeds; to
outdo or outgo, in a good sense.
Excelling others, these were great; Thou, greater still, must these
excel. Prior.
I saw that wisdom excelleth folly, as far as light excelleth
darkness. Eccl. ii. 13.
2. To exceed or go beyond; to surpass.
She opened; but to shut Excelled her power; the gates wide open
stood. Milton.
Excel
Ex*cel", v. i. To surpass others in good qualities, laudable actions,
or acquirements; to be distinguished by superiority; as, to excel in
mathematics, or classics.
Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel. Gen. xlix. 4.
Then peers grew proud in horsemanship t' excel. Pope.
Excellence
Ex"cel*lence (?), n. [F. excellence, L. excellentia.]
1. The quality of being excellent; state of possessing good qualities
in an eminent degree; exalted merit; superiority in virtue.
Consider first that great Or bright infers not excellence. Milton.
2. An excellent or valuable quality; that by which any one excels or
is eminent; a virtue.
With every excellence refined. Beattie.
3. A title of honor or respect; -- more common in the form excellency.
I do greet your excellence With letters of commission from the
king. Shak.
Syn. -- Superiority; pre\'89minence; perfection; worth; goodness;
purity; greatness.
Excellency
Ex"cel*len*cy (?), n.; pl. Excellencies (.
1. Excellence; virtue; dignity; worth; superiority.
His excellency is over Israel. Ps. lxviii. 34.
Extinguish in men the sense of their own excellency. Hooker.
2. A title of honor given to certain high dignitaries, esp. to
viceroys, ministers, and ambassadors, to English colonial governors,
etc. It was formerly sometimes given to kings and princes.
Excellent
Ex"cel*lent (?), a. [F. excellent, L. excellens, -entis, p. pr. of
excellere. See Excel.]
1. Excelling; surpassing others in some good quality or the sum of
qualities; of great worth; eminent, in a good sense; superior; as, an
excellent man, artist, citizen, husband, discourse, book, song, etc.;
excellent breeding, principles, aims, action.
To love . . . What I see excellent in good or fair. Milton.
2. Superior in kind or degree, irrespective of moral quality; -- used
with words of a bad significance. [Obs. or Ironical] "An excellent
hypocrite." Hume.
Their sorrows are most excellent. Beau. & Fl.
Syn. -- Worthy; choice; prime; valuable; select; exquisite;
transcendent; admirable; worthy.
Excellent
Ex"cel*lent, adv. Excellently; eminently; exceedingly. [Obs.] "This
comes off well and excellent." Shak.
Excellently
Ex"cel*lent*ly, adv.
1. In an excellent manner; well in a high degree.
2. In a high or superior degree; -- in this literal use, not implying
worthiness. [Obs.]
When the whole heart is excellently sorry. J. Fletcher.
Excelsior
Ex*cel"si*or, a. [L., compar. of excelsus elevated, lofty, p. p. of
excellere. See Excel, v. t.] More lofty; still higher; ever upward.
Excelsior
Ex*cel"si*or, n. A kind of stuffing for upholstered furniture,
mattresses, etc., in which curled shreds of wood are substituted for
curled hair.
Excentral
Ex*cen"tral (?), a. [Pref. ex.] (Bot.) Out of the center.
Excentric, Excentrical
Ex*cen"tric (?), Ex*cen"tric*al (?), a.
1. Same as Eccentric, Eccentrical.
2. (Bot.) One-sided; having the normally central portion not in the
true center. Gray.
Excentricity
Ex`cen*tric"i*ty (?). (Math.) Same as Eccentricity.
Except
Ex*cept" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excepted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Excepting.] [L. exceptus, p. p. of excipere to take or draw out, to
except; ex out + capere to take: cf. F. excepter. See Capable.]
1. To take or leave out (anything) from a number or a whole as not
belonging to it; to exclude; to omit.
Who never touched The excepted tree. Milton.
Wherein (if we only except the unfitness of the judge) all other
things concurred. Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. To object to; to protest against. [Obs.] Shak.
Except
Ex*cept", v. i. To take exception; to object; -- usually followed by
to, sometimes by against; as, to except to a witness or his testimony.
Except thou wilt except against my love. Shak.
Except
Ex*cept", prep. [Originally past participle, or verb in the imperative
mode.] With exclusion of; leaving or left out; excepting.
God and his Son except, Created thing naught valued he nor . . .
shunned. Milton.
Syn. -- Except, Excepting, But, Save, Besides. Excepting, except, but,
and save are exclusive. Except marks exclusion more pointedly. "I have
finished all the letters except one," is more marked than "I have
finished all the letters but one." Excepting is the same as except,
but less used. Save is chiefly found in poetry. Besides (lit., by the
side of) is in the nature of addition. "There is no one here except or
but him," means, take him away and there is nobody present. "There is
nobody here besides him," means, hi is present and by the side of, or
in addition to, him is nobody. "Few ladies, except her Majesty, could
have made themselves heard." In this example, besides should be used,
not except.
Except
Ex*cept" (?), conj. Unless; if it be not so that.
And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me. Gen.
xxxii. 26.
But yesterday you never opened lip, Except, indeed, to drink.
Tennyson.
NOTE: &hand; As a conjunction unless has mostly taken the place of
except.
Exceptant
Ex*cept"ant (?), a. Making exception.
Excepting
Ex*cept"ing, prep. & conj., but properly a participle. With rejection
or exception of; excluding; except. "Excepting your worship's
presence." Shak.
No one was ever yet made utterly miserable, excepting by himself.
Lubbock.
Exception
Ex*cep"tion (?), n. [L. exceptio: cf. F. exception.]
1. The act of excepting or excluding; exclusion; restriction by taking
out something which would otherwise be included, as in a class,
statement, rule.
2. That which is excepted or taken out from others; a person, thing,
or case, specified as distinct, or not included; as, almost every
general rule has its exceptions.
Such rare exceptions, shining in the dark, Prove, rather than
impeach, the just remark. Cowper.
NOTE: Often with to.
That proud exception to all nature's laws. Pope.
3. (Law) An objection, oral or written, taken, in the course of an
action, as to bail or security; or as to the decision of a judge, in
the course of a trail, or in his charge to a jury; or as to lapse of
time, or scandal, impertinence, or insufficiency in a pleading; also,
as in conveyancing, a clause by which the grantor excepts something
before granted. Burrill.
4. An objection; cavil; dissent; disapprobation; offense; cause of
offense; -- usually followed by to or against.
I will never answer what exceptions they can have against our
account [relation]. Bentley.
He . . . took exception to the place of their burial. Bacon.
She takes exceptions at your person. Shak.
Bill of exceptions (Law), a statement of exceptions to the decision,
or instructions of a judge in the trial of a cause, made for the
purpose of putting the points decided on record so as to bring them
before a superior court or the full bench for review.
Exceptionable
Ex*cep"tion*a*ble (?), a. Liable to exception or objection;
objectionable. -- Ex*cep"tion*a*ble*ness, n.
This passage I look upon to be the most exceptionable in the whole
poem. Addison.
Exceptional
Ex*cep"tion*al (?), a. [Cf. F. exceptionnel.] Forming an exception;
not ordinary; uncommon; rare; hence, better than the average;
superior. Lyell.
This particular spot had exceptional advantages. Jowett (Th. )
-- Ex*cep"tion*al*ly(#), adv.
Exceptioner
Ex*cep"tion*er (?), n. One who takes exceptions or makes objections.
[Obs.] Milton.
Exceptionless
Ex*cep"tion*less, a. Without exception.
A universal, . . . exceptionless disqualification. Bancroft.
Exceptious
Ex*cep"tious (?), a. Disposed or apt to take exceptions, or to object;
captious. [Obs.]
At least effectually silence the doubtful and exceptious. South.
-- Ex*cep"tious*ness, n. [Obs.] Barrow.
Exceptive
Ex*cept"ive (?), a. That excepts; including an exception; as, an
exceptive proposition. I. Watts.
A particular and exceptive law. Milton.
Exceptless
Ex*cept"less, a. Not exceptional; usual. [Obs.]
My general and exceptless rashness. Shak.
Exceptor
Ex*cept"or (?), n. [L., a scribe.] One who takes exceptions. T.
Burnet.
Excerebration
Ex*cer`e*bra"tion (?), n. [L. excerebratus deprived of brains; ex out
+ cerebrum brain.] The act of removing or beating out the brains.
Excerebrose
Ex*cer"e*brose` (?), a. [See Excerebration.] Brainless. [R.]
Excern
Ex*cern" (?), v. t. [L. excernere. See Excrete.] To excrete; to throw
off through the pores; as, fluids are excerned in perspiration. [R.]
Bacon.
Excernent
Ex*cern"ent (?), a. [See Excern.] (Physiol.) Connected with, or
pertaining to, excretion.
Excerp
Ex*cerp" (?), v. t. [L. excerpere, excerptum; ex out + carpere to
pick, gather. See Harvest, and cf. Scarce, a.] To pick out. [Obs.]
Hales.
Excerpt
Ex*cerpt" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excerpted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Excerpting.] [From L. excerptus, p. p. See Excerp.] To select; to
extract; to cite; to quote.
Out of which we have excerpted the following particulars. Fuller.
Excerpt
Ex*cerp"t (277), n. An extract; a passage selected or copied from a
book or record.
Excerption
Ex*cerp"tion (?), n. [L. excerptio.]
1. The act of excerpting or selecting. [R.]
2. That which is selected or gleaned; an extract. [R.]
His excerptions out of the Fathers. Fuller.
Excerptive
Ex*cerp"tive (?), a. That excerpts, selects, or chooses. D. L.
Mackenzie.
Excerptor
Ex*cerp"tor (?), n. One who makes excerpts; a picker; a culler.
Excess
Ex*cess" (?), n. [OE. exces, excess, ecstasy, L. excessus a going out,
loss of self-possession, fr. excedere, excessum, to go out, go beyond:
cf. F. exc\'8as. See Exceed.]
1. The state of surpassing or going beyond limits; the being of a
measure beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty; that which exceeds
what is usual or prover; immoderateness; superfluity; superabundance;
extravagance; as, an excess of provisions or of light.
To gild refined gold, to paint the lily, To throw a perfume on the
violet, . . . Is wasteful and ridiculous excess. Shak.
That kills me with excess of grief, this with excess of joy. Walsh.
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2. An undue indulgence of the appetite; transgression of proper
moderation in natural gratifications; intemperance; dissipation.
Be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess. Eph. v. 18.
Thy desire . . . leads to no excess That reaches blame. Milton.
3. The degree or amount by which one thing or number exceeds another;
remainder; as, the difference between two numbers is the excess of one
over the other.
Spherical excess (Geom.), the amount by which the sum of the three
angles of a spherical triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical
excess is proportional to the area of the triangle.
Excessive
Ex*cess"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. excessif.] Characterized by, or
exhibiting, excess; overmuch.
Excessive grief [is] the enemy to the living. Shak.
Syn. -- Undue; exorbitant; extreme; overmuch; enormous; immoderate;
monstrous; intemperate; unreasonable. See Enormous --Ex*cess*ive*ly,
adv. -Ex*cess"ive*ness, n.
Exchange
Ex*change" (?), n. [OE. eschange, eschaunge, OF. eschange, fr.
eschangier, F. \'82changer, to exchange; pref. ex- out + F. changer.
See Change, and cf. Excamb.]
1. The act of giving or taking one thing in return for another which
is regarded as an equivalent; as, an exchange of cattle for grain.
2. The act of substituting one thing in the place of another; as, an
exchange of grief for joy, or of a scepter for a sword, and the like;
also, the act of giving and receiving reciprocally; as, an exchange of
civilities or views.
3. The thing given or received in return; esp., a publication
exchanged for another. Shak.
4. (Com.) The process of setting accounts or debts between parties
residing at a distance from each other, without the intervention of
money, by exchanging orders or drafts, called bills of exchange. These
may be drawn in one country and payable in another, in which case they
are called foreign bills; or they may be drawn and made payable in the
same country, in which case they are called inland bills. The term
bill of exchange is often abbreviated into exchange; as, to buy or
sell exchange.
NOTE: &hand; A in Lo ndon is creditor to B in New York, and C in
London owes D in New York a like sum. A in London draws a bill of
exchange on B in New York; C in London purchases the bill, by which
A receives his debt due from B in New York. C transmits the bill to
D in New York, who receives the amount from B.
5. (Law) A mutual grant of equal interests, the one in consideration
of the other. Estates exchanged must be equal in quantity, as fee
simple for fee simple. Blackstone.
6. The place where the merchants, brokers, and bankers of a city meet
at certain hours, to transact business. In this sense often contracted
to 'Change.
Arbitration of exchange. See under Arbitration. -- Bill of exchange.
See under Bill. -- Exchange broker. See under Broker. -- Par of
exchange, the established value of the coin or standard of value of
one country when expressed in the coin or standard of another, as the
value of the pound sterling in the currency of France or the United
States. The par of exchange rarely varies, and serves as a measure for
the rise and fall of exchange that is affected by the demand and
supply. Exchange is at par when, for example, a bill in New York, for
the payment of one hundred pounds sterling in London, can be purchased
for the sum. Exchange is in favor of a place when it can be purchased
there at or above par. -- Telephone exchange, a central office in
which the wires of any two telephones or telephone stations may be
connected to permit conversation. Syn. -- Barter; dealing; trade;
traffic; interchange.
Exchange
Ex*change", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exchanged (?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Exchanging (?).] [Cf.OF. eschangier, F. \'82changer. See Exchange, n.]
1. To part with give, or transfer to another in consideration of
something received as an equivalent; -- usually followed by for before
the thing received.
Exchange his sheep for shells, or wool for a sparking pebble or a
diamond. Locke.
2. To part with for a substitute; to lay aside, quit, or resign
(something being received in place of the thing as, to exchange a
palace for cell.
And death for life exchanged foolishly. Spenser.
To shift his being Is to exchange one misery with another. Shak.
3. To give and receive reciprocally, as things of the same kind; to
barter; to swap; as, to exchange horses with a neighbor; to exchange
houses or hats.
Exchange forgiveness with me, noble Hamlet. Shak.
Syn. -- To barter; change; commute; interchange; bargain; truck; swap;
traffic.
Exchange
Ex*change", v. i. To be changed or received in exchange for; to pass
in exchange; as, dollar exchanges for ten dimes.
Exchangeability
Ex*change`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being
exchangeable.
The law ought not be contravened by an express article admitting
the exchangeability of such persons. Washington.
Exchangeable
Ex*change"a*ble (?), a. [Cf.F. \'82changeable.]
1. Capable of being exchanged; fit or proper to be exchanged.
The officers captured with Burgoyne were exchangeable within the
powers of General Howe. Marshall.
2. Available for making exchanges; ratable. "An exchangeable value."
J. S. Mill.
Exchangeably
Ex*change"a*bly, adv. By way of exchange.
Exchanger
Ex*chan"ger (?), n. One who exchanges; one who practices exchange.
Matt.
Excheat
Ex*cheat" (?), n. See Escheat. [Obs.] Spenser.
Excheator
Ex*cheat"or (?), n. See Escheator. [Obs.]
Exchequer
Ex*cheq"uer (?), n. [OE. escheker, OF. eichekier, fr. LL. scaccarium.
See Checker, Chess, Check.]
1. One of the superior courts of law; -- so called from a checkered
cloth, which covers, or formerly covered, the table. [Eng.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e ex chequer wa s a court of law and equity. In the
revenue department, it had jurisdiction over the proprietary rights
of the crown against subjects; in the common law department, it
administered justice in personal actions between subject and
subject. A person proceeding against another in the revenue
department was said to exchequer him. The judges of this court were
one chief and four puisne barons, so styled. The Court of Exchequer
Chamber sat as court of error in which the judgments of each of the
superior courts of common law, in England, were subject to revision
by the judges of the other two sitting collectively. Causes
involving difficult questions of law were sometimes after argument,
adjourned into this court from the other courts, for debate before
judgment in the court below. Recent legislation in England (1880)
has abolished the Court of Exchequer and the Court of Exchequer
Chamber, as distinct tribunals, a single board of judiciary, the
High Court of Justice, being established for the trial of all
classes of civil cases.
Wharton.
2. The department of state having charge of the collection and
management of the royal revenue. [Eng.] Hence, the treasury; and,
colloquially, pecuniary possessions in general; as, the company's
exchequer is low.
Barons of the exchequer. See under Baron. -- Chancellor of the
exchequer. See under Chancellor. -- Exchequer bills OR bonds (Eng.),
bills of money, or promissory bills, issued from the exchequer by
authority of Parliament; a species of paper currency emitted under the
authority of the government, and bearing interest.
Exchequer
Ex*cheq"uer (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exchequered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exchequering.] To institute a process against (any one) in the Court
of Exchequer.
Excide
Ex*cide" (?), v. t. [L. excidere, excisum; ex out + caedere to cut.
See Concise, and cf. Excise to cut off.] To cut off. [R.]
Excipient
Ex*cip"i*ent (?), a. [L. excipients, -entis, p. pr. of exipere. See
Except, v. t.] Taking an exception.
Excipient
Ex*cip"i*ent, n.
1. An exceptor. [R.]
2. (Med.) An inert or slightly active substance used in preparing
remedies as a vehicle or medium of administration for the medicinal
agents. Chambers.
Exciple, Excipulum
Ex"ci*ple (?), Ex*cip"u*lum (?), n. [NL. excipulum, fr. L. excipere.
See Except.] (Bot.) The outer part of the fructification of most
lichens.
Excisable
Ex*cis"a*ble (?), a. Liable or subject to excise; as, tobacco in an
excisable commodity.
Excise
Ex*cise" (?), n. [Apparently fr. L. excisum cut off, fr. excidere to
cut out or off; ex out, off + caedere to cut; or, as the word was
formerly written accise, fr. F. accise, LL. accisia, as if fr. L.
accidere, accisum, to cut into; ad + caedere to cut; but prob.
transformed fr. OF. assise, LL. assisa, assisia, assize. See Assize,
Concise.]
1. In inland duty or impost operating as an indirect tax on the
consumer, levied upon certain specified articles, as, tobacco, ale,
spirits, etc., grown or manufactured in the country. It is also levied
to pursue certain trades and deal in certain commodities. Certain
direct taxes (as, in England, those on carriages, servants, plate,
armorial bearings, etc.), are included in the excise. Often used
adjectively; as, excise duties; excise law; excise system.
The English excise system corresponds to the internal revenue
system in the United States. Abbot.
An excise . . . is a fixed, absolute, and direct charge laid on
merchandise, products, or commodities. 11 Allen's (Mass. ) Rpts.
2. That department or bureau of the public service charged with the
collection of the excise taxes. [Eng.]
Excise
Ex*cise", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Excising.]
1. To lay or impose an excise upon.
2. To impose upon; to overcharge. [Prov. Eng.]
Excise
Ex*cise", v. t. [See Excide.] To cut out or off; to separate and
remove; as, to excise a tumor.
Exciseman
Ex*cise"man (?), n.; pl. Excisemen (. An officer who inspects and
rates articles liable to excise duty. Macaulay.
Excision
Ex*ci"sion (?), n. [L. excisio: cf. F. excision. See Excide.]
1. The act of excising or cutting out or off; extirpation;
destruction.
Such conquerors are the instruments of vengeance on those nations
that have . . . grown ripe for excision. Atterbury.
2. (Eccl.) The act of cutting off from the church; excommunication.
3. (Surg.) The removal, especially of small parts, with a cutting
instrument. Dunglison.
Excitability
Ex*cit"a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. excitabilit\'82.]
1. The quality of being readily excited; proneness to be affected by
exciting causes.
2. (Physiol.) The property manifested by living organisms, and the
elements and tissues of which they are constituted, of responding to
the action of stimulants; irritability; as, nervous excitability.
Excitable
Ex*cit"a*ble (?), a. [L. excitabilis inciting: cf. F. excitable.]
Capable of being excited, or roused into action; susceptible of
excitement; easily stirred up, or stimulated.
Excitant
Ex*cit"ant (?), a. [L. excitans, -antis, p. pr. of excitare: cf. F.
excitant.] Tending to excite; exciting.
Excitant
Ex*cit"ant, n. (Physiol.) An agent or influence which arouses vital
activity, or produces increased action, in a living organism or in any
of its tissues or parts; a stimulant.
Excitate
Ex*cit"ate (?), v. t. [L. excitatus, p.p. of excitare. See Excite.] To
excite. [Obs.] Bacon.
Excitation
Ex`ci*ta"tion (?) n. [L. excitatio: cf. F. excitation.]
1. The act of exciting or putting in motion; the act of rousing up or
awakening. Bacon.
2. (Physiol.) The act of producing excitement (stimulation); also, the
excitement produced.
Excitative
Ex*cit"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. excitatif.] Having power to excite;
tending or serving to excite; excitatory. Barrow.
Excitator
Ex"ci*ta`tor (?), n. [L., one who rouses.] (Elec.) A kind of
discarder.
Excitatory
Ex*cit"a*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. excitatoire.] Tending to excite;
containing excitement; excitative.
Excite
Ex*cite" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excited; p. pr. & vb. n. exciting.]
[L. excitare; ex out + citare to move rapidly, to rouse: cf. OF.
esciter, exciter, F. exciter. See Cite.]
1. To call to activity in any way; to rouse to feeling; to kindle to
passionate emotion; to stir up to combined or general activity; as, to
excite a person, the spirits, the passions; to excite a mutiny or
insurrection; to excite heat by friction.
2. (Physiol.) To call forth or increase the vital activity of an
organism, or any of its parts. Syn. -- To incite; awaken; animate;
rouse or arouse; stimulate; inflame; irritate; provoke. -- To Excite,
Incite. When we excite we rouse into action feelings which were less
strong; when we incite we spur on or urge forward to a specific act or
end. Demosthenes excited the passions of the Athenians against Philip,
and thus incited the whole nation to unite in the war against him.
Antony, by his speech over the body of C\'91sar, so excited the
feelings of the populace, that Brutus and his companions were
compelled to flee from Rome; many however, were incited to join their
standard, not only by love of liberty, but hopes of plunder.
Exciteful
Ex*cite"ful (?), n. Full of exciting qualities; as, an exciteful
story; exciteful players. Chapman.
Excitement
Ex*cite"ment (?) n. [Cf. OF. excitement, escitement.]
1. The act of exciting, or the state of being roused into action, or
of having increased action; impulsion; agitation; as, an excitement of
the people.
2. That which excites or rouses; that which moves, stirs, or induces
action; a motive.
The cares and excitements of a season of transition and struggle.
Talfowrd.
3. (Physiol.) A state of aroused or increased vital activity in an
organism, or any of its organs or tissues.
Exciter
Ex*cit"er (?), n. One who, or that which, excites.
Hope is the grand exciter of industry. Dr. H. More.
Exciting
Ex*cit"ing, a. Calling or rousing into action; producing excitement;
as, exciting events; an exciting story. -- Ex*cit"ing*ly, adv.
Exciting causes (Med.), those which immediately produce disease, or
those which excite the action of predisposing causes.
Excitive
Ex*cit"ive (?), a. Serving or tending to excite; excitative. [R.]
Bamfield.
Excitive
Ex*cit"ive, n. That which excites; an excitant. [R.]
Excito-motion
Ex*ci`to-mo"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) Motion excited by reflex nerves.
See Excito-motory.
Excito-motor
Ex*ci`to-mo"tor (?), a. (Physiol.) Excitomotory; as, excito-motor
power or causes.
Excito-motory
Ex*ci`to-mo"to*ry (?), a. (Physiol.) Exciting motion; -- said of that
portion of the nervous system concerned in reflex action, by which
impressions are transmitted to a nerve center and then reflected back
so as to produce muscular contraction without sensation or volition.
Excito-nutrient
Ex*ci`to-nu"tri*ent (?), a (Physiol.) Exciting nutrition; said of the
reflex influence by which the nutritional processes are either excited
or modified.
Excito-secretory
Ex*ci`to-se*cre"to*ry (?), a. (Physiol.) Exciting secretion; -- said
of the influence exerted by reflex action on the function of
secretion, by which the various glands are excited to action.
Exclaim
Ex*claim" (?), v. t.& i. [imp. & p. p. Exclaimed (?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Exclaiming.] [L. exclamare, exclamatum; ex + clamare to cry out; cf.
OF. exclamer. See Clam.] To cry out from earnestness or passion; to
utter with vehemence; to call out or declare loudly; to protest
vehemently; to vociferate; to shout; as, to exclaim against oppression
with wonder or astonishment; "The field is won!" he exclaimed.
Exclaim
Ex*claim", n. Outcry; clamor. [Archaic]
Cursing cries and deep exclaims. Shak.
Exclaimer
Ex*claim"er, n. One who exclaims.
Exclamation
Ex`cla*ma"tion (?), n. [L. exclamatio: cf. F. exclamation.]
1. A loud calling or crying out; outcry; loud or emphatic utterance;
vehement vociferation; clamor; that which is cried out, as an
expression of feeling; sudden expression of sound or words indicative
of emotion, as in surprise, pain, grief, joy, anger, etc.
Exclamations against abuses in the church. Hooker.
Thus will I drown your exclamations. Shak.
A festive exclamation not unsuited to the occasion. Trench.
2. (Rhet.) A word expressing outcry; an interjection; a word
expressing passion, as wonder, fear, or grief.
3. (Print.) A mark or sign by which outcry or emphatic utterance is
marked; thus [!]; -- called also exclamation point.
Exclamative
Ex*clam"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. exclamatif.] Exclamatory. Earle. --
Ex*clam"a*tive*ly, adv.
Exclamatory
Ex*clam"a*to*ry (?), a. Containing, expressing, or using exclamation;
as, an exclamatory phrase or speaker. South. -- Ex*clam"a*to*ti*ly
(#), adv.
Exclave
Ex*clave" (?), n. [Formed fr. enclave by substitution of ex- for en-]
A portion of a country which is separated from the main part and
surrounded by politically alien territory. [Recent.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e sa me te rritory is an enclave in respect to the
surrounding country and an exclave with respect to the country to
which it is politically attached.
Exclude
Ex*clude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excluded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Excluding.] [L. excludere, exclusum; ex out + claudere to shut. See
Close.]
1. To shut out; to hinder from entrance or admission; to debar from
participation or enjoyment; to deprive of; to except; -- the opposite
to admit; as, to exclude a crowd from a room or house; to exclude the
light; to exclude one nation from the ports of another; to exclude a
taxpayer from the privilege of voting.
And none but such, from mercy I exclude. Milton.
2. To thrust out or eject; to expel; as, to exclude young animals from
the womb or from eggs.
Excluded middle. (logic) The name given to the third of the "three
logical axioms," so-called, namely, to that one which is expressed by
the formula: "Everything is either A or Not-A." no third state or
condition being involved or allowed. See Principle of contradiction,
under Contradiction.
Exclusion
Ex*clu"sion (?), n. [L. exclusio: cf. F. exclusion. See Exclude.]
1. The act of excluding, or of shutting out, whether by thrusting out
or by preventing admission; a debarring; rejection; prohibition; the
state of being excluded.
His sad exclusion from the doors of bliss. Milton.
The exclusion of the duke from the crown of England and Ireland.
Hume.
2. (Physiol.) The act of expelling or ejecting a fetus or an egg from
the womb.
3. Thing emitted. Sir T. Browne.
Exclusionary
Ex*clu"sion*a*ry (?), a. Tending to exclude; causing exclusion;
exclusive.
Exclusionism
Ex*clu"sion*ism (?), n. The character, manner, or principles of an
exclusionist.
Exclusionist
Ex*clu"sion*ist, n. One who would exclude another from some right or
privilege; esp., one of the anti-popish politicians of the time of
Charles
Exclusive
Ex*clu"sive (?) a. [Cf. F. exclusif.]
1. Having the power of preventing entrance; debarring from
participation or enjoyment; possessed and enjoyed to the exclusion of
others; as, exclusive bars; exclusive privilege; exclusive circles of
society.
2. Not taking into the account; excluding from consideration; --
opposed to inclusive; as, five thousand troops, exclusive of
artillery.
Exclusive
Ex*clu"sive, n. One of a coterie who exclude others; one who from real
of affected fastidiousness limits his acquaintance to a select few.
Exclusiveness
Ex*clu"sive*ness, n. Quality of being exclusive.
Exclusivism
Ex*clu"siv*ism (?), n. The act or practice of excluding being
exclusive; exclusiveness.
Exclusivist
Ex*clu"siv*ist, n. One who favor or practices any from of
exclusiveness or exclusivism.
The field of Greek mythology . . . the favorite sporting ground of
the exclusivists of the solar theory. Gladstone.
Exclusory
Ex*clu"so*ry (?), a. [L. exclusorius.] Able to exclude; excluding;
serving to exclude.
Excoct
Ex*coct" (?) v. t. [L. excoctus, p.p. of excoquere to excoct. See 3d
Cook.] To boil out; to produce by boiling. [Obs.] Bacon.
Excoction
Ex*coc"tion (?). [L. excoctio.] The act of excocting or boiling out.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Excogitate
Ex*cog"i*tate (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excogitated (#); p. pr. & vb.
n.. Excogitating.] [L. excogitatus, p. p. of excogitare to excogitate;
ex out + cogitare to think. See Cogitate.] To think out; to find out
or discover by thinking; to devise; to contrive. "Excogitate strange
arts." Stirling.
This evidence . . . thus excogitated out of the general theory.
Whewell.
Excogitate
Ex*cog"i*tate, v. i. To cogitate. [R.] Bacon.
Excogitation
Ex*cog`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. excogitatio: cf. F. excogitation.] The
act of excogitating; a devising in the thoughts; invention;
contrivance.
Excommune
Ex`com*mune" (?) v. t. [Cf. F. excommuier. See Excommunicate.] To
exclude from participation in; to excommunicate. [Obs.]
Poets . . . were excommuned Plato's common wealth Gayton.
Excommunicable
Ex`com*mu"ni*ca*ble (?), a. [See Excommunicate.] Liable or deserving
to be excommunicated; making excommunication possible or proper.
"Persons excommunicable ." Bp. Hall.
What offenses are excommunicable ? Kenle.
Excommunicant
Ex`com*mu"ni*cant (?), n. One who has been excommunicated.
Excommunicate
Ex"com*mu"ni*cate (?), a. [L. excommunicatus, p. p. of communicare to
excommunicate; ex out + communicare. See Communicate.] Excommunicated;
interdicted from the rites of the church. -- n. One excommunicated.
Thou shalt stand cursed and excommunicate. Shak.
Excommunicate
Ex`com*mu"ni*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excommunicated (?); p. pr.
& vb. n. Excommunicating (?).]
1. To put out of communion; especially, to cut off, or shut out, from
communion with the church, by an ecclesiastical sentence.
2. To lay under the ban of the church; to interdict.
Martin the Fifth . . . was the first that excommunicated the
reading of heretical books. Miltin.
Excommunication
Ex`com*mu`ni*ca"tion (?), n. [L. excommunicatio: cf. F.
excommunication.] The act of communicating or ejecting; esp., an
ecclesiastical censure whereby the person against whom it is
pronounced is, for the time, cast out of the communication of the
church; exclusion from fellowship in things spiritual.
NOTE: &hand; ex communication is of two kinds, the lesser and the
greater; the lesser excommunication is a separation or suspension
from partaking of the Eucharist; the greater is an absolute
execution of the offender from the church and all its rights and
advantages, even from social intercourse with the faithful.
Excommunicator
Ex`com*mu"ni*ca`tor (?) n. [Cf. LL. excommunicator.] One who
excommunicates.
Excommunion
Ex`com*mun"ion (?). A shutting out from communion; excommunication.
[Obs.]
Excommunication is the utmost of ecclesiastical judicature. Milton.
Excoriable
Ex*co"ri*a*ble (?). Capable of being excoriated.
The scaly covering of fishes, . . . even in such as are
excoriatable,/qex>. Sir T. Browne.
Eccoriate
Ec*co"ri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excoriated (?);p. pr. & vb. n.
excoriating (?).] [L. excoriare; ex out + corium hide. cf. Scourge;
see Cuirass.] To strip or wear off the skin of; to abrade; to gall; to
break and remove the cuticle of, in any manner, as by rubbing,
beating, or by the action of acrid substances.
Excoriation
Ex*co`ri*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. excoriation.]
1. The act of excoriating or flaying, or state of being excoriated, or
stripped of the skin; abrasion.
2. Stripping of possession; spoliation. [Obs.]
A pitiful excoriation of the poorer sort. Howell.
Excorticate
Ex*cor"ti*cate (?), v. t. [L. ex out, from + cortex, corticis, bark.]
To strip of bark or skin; to decorticate. [Obs.] "Excorticate the
tree." Evelyn.
Excortication
Ex*cor`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. excortication.] The act of stripping
off bark, or the state of being thus stripped; decortication.
Excreable
Ex"cre*a*ble (?), a. [L. excreabilis, exscreabilis, fr. exscreare. See
Excreate.] Capable of being discharged by spitting. [Obs.] Swift.
Excreate
Ex"cre*ate (?), v. t. [L. excreare, exsreare; ex out + screare to
hawk.] To spit out; to discharge from the throat by hawking and
spitting. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Excreation
Ex`cre*a"tion (?), n. [L. excreatio, exscreatio.] Act of spitting out.
[Obs.] Cockeram.
Excrement
Ex"cre*ment (?), n. [L. excrementum, fr. excernere, excretum, to skin
out, discharge: cf. F. excr\'82ment. See Excrete.] Matter excreted and
ejected; that which is excreted or cast out of the animal body by any
of the natural emunctories; especially, alvine, discharges; dung;
ordure.
Excrement
Ex"cre*ment, n. [L. excrementum, fr. excrescere, excretum, to grow
out. See Excrescence.] An excrescence or appendage; an outgrowth.
[Obs.] "Ornamental excrements." Fuller.
Living creatures put forth (after their period of growth) nothing
that is young but hair and nails, which are excrements and no
parts. Bacon.
Excremental
Ex`cre*men"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to excrement.
Excrementitial, Excrementitious
Ex`cre*men*ti"tial (?), Ex`cre*men*ti"tious (?), a. (Physiol.)
Pertaining to, or consisting of, excrement; of the nature of
excrement.
Excrementive
Ex`cre*men"tive (?), a. Serving to excrete; connected with excretion
or excrement. [R.] "The excrementive parts." Felthman.
Excrementize
Ex"cre*ment*ize` (?) v. i. To void excrement. [R.] Life of A. Wood
Excrescence
Ex*cres"cence (?) n. [F. excrescence, excroissanse, L. excrescentia
excrescences, neut. pl. of p. pr. of excrescere. See Excrescent.] An
excrescent appendage, as, a wart or tumor; anything growing out
unnaturally from anything else; a preternatural or morbid development;
hence, a troublesome superfluity; an incumbrance; as, an excrescence
on the body, or on a plant. "Excrescences of joy." Jer. Taylor.
The excrescences of the Spanish monarchy. Addison.
Excrescency
Ex*cres"cen*cy (?), n. Excrescence. [Obs.]
Excrescent
Ex*cres"cent (?), a. [L. excresens, -entis, p. pr. of excrescere to
grow out ; ex out + crescere to grow. See Crescent.] Growing out in an
abnormal or morbid manner or as a superfluity.
Expunge the whole, or lip the excrescent parts. Pope.
Excrescent letter (Philol.), a letter which has been added to a root;
as, the d in alder (AS. alr) is an excrescent letter.
Excrescential
Ex`cres*cen"tial (?) a. Pertaining to, or resembling, an excrescence.
[R.] Hawthorne.
Excreta
Ex*cre"ta (?), n. pl. [L.] Matters to be excreted.
Excrete
Ex*crete" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excreted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Excreting.] [L. excretus, p. p. of excernere to sift out, discharge;
ex out + cernere to sift, separate. See Crisis.] To separate and throw
off; to excrete urine. "The mucus thus excreted." Hooper.
Excretin
Ex"cre*tin (?), n. [From Excrete.] (physiol. Chem.) A nonnitrogenous,
crystalline body, present in small quantity in human f\'91ces.
Excretion
Ex*cre"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. excr\'82tion.]
1. The act of excreting.
To promote secretion and excretion. Pereira.
2. That which is excreted; excrement. Bacon.
Excretive
Ex*cre"tive (?), a. Having the power of excreting, or promoting
excretion. Harvey.
Excretory
Ex*cre"to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. excr\'82toire.] Having the quality of
excreting, or throwing off excrementitious matter.
Excruciable
Ex*cru"ci*a*ble (?), a. [L. excruciabilis.] Liable to torment. [R.]
Bailey.
Excruciate
Ex*cru"ci*ate (?), a. [L. excruciatus, p. p. of excruciare to
excruciate; ex out + cruciare to put to death on a cross, to torment.
See Cruciate, Cross.] Excruciated; tortured.
And here my heart long time excruciate. Chapman.
Excruciate
Ex*cru"ci*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excruciated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Excruciating (?).] To inflict agonizing pain upon; to torture; to
torment greatly; to rack; as, to excruciate the heart or the body.
Their thoughts, like devils, them excruciate. Drayton.
Excruciating
Ex*cru"ci*a`ting (?). Torturing; racking. "Excruciating pain." V.
Knox. "Excruciating fears." Bentley -- Ex*cru"ci*a`ting*ly, adv.
Excruciation
Ex*cru`ci*a"tion (?) n. [L. excruciatio.] The act of inflicting
agonizing pain, or the state of being thus afflicted; that which
excruciates; torture. Feltham.
Excubation
Ex`cu*ba"tion (?) n. [L. excubatio, fr. excubare to lie out on guard;
ex out on guard; ex out + cubare to lie down.] A keeping watch. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Excubitorium
Ex*cu`bi*to"ri*um (?), n. [LL. excubitorium; ex out + cubare, cubitum,
to lie.] (Eccl. Antiq.) A gallery in a church, where persons watched
all night.
Exculpable
Ex*cul"pa*ble (?). Capable of being exculpated; deserving exculpation.
Sir G. Buck.
Exculpate
Ex*cul"pate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exculpated (?), p. pr. & vb. n..
Exculpating ( [L. ex out + culpatus, p. p. of culpare to find fault
with, to blame, culpa fault. See Culpable.] To clear from alleged
fault or guilt; to prove to be guiltless; to relieve of blame; to
acquit.
He exculpated himself from being the author of the heroic epistle.
Mason.
I exculpate him further for his writing against me. Milman.
Syn. -- To exonerate; absolve; clear; acquit; excuse; vindicate;
justify.
Exculpation
Ex`cul*pa"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. exculpatio.] The act of exculpating
from alleged fault or crime; that which exculpates; excuse.
These robbers, however, were men who might have made out a strong
case in exculpation of themselves. Southey.
Exculpatory
Ex*cul"pa*to*ry (?). Clearing, or tending to clear, from alleged fault
or guilt; excusing. "An exculpatory letter." Johnson.
Excur
Ex*cur" (?) i. [L. excurrere. See Excurrent.] To run out or forth; to
extend. [Obs.] Harvey.
Excurrent
Ex*cur"rent (?), a. [L. excurrens, p. p. of excurrere, excursum, to
run out; ex out + currere to run. See Current.]
1. Running or flowing out; as: (Bot.) Running or extending out; as, an
excurrent midrib, one which projects beyond the apex of a leaf; an
excurrent steam or trunk, one which continues to the top.
2. (Zo\'94l) Characterized by a current which flows outward; as, an
excurrent orifice or tube.
Excurse
Ex*curse" (?), v. t. [See excurrent.] To journey or pass thought. [R.]
Excursion
Ex*cur"sion (?). [L. excursio: cf. F. excursion. See Excurrent.]
1. A running or going out or forth; an expedition; a sally.
Far on excursion toward the gates of hell. Milton.
They would make excursions and waste the country. Holland.
2. A journey chiefly for recreation; a pleasure trip; a brief tour;
as, an excursion into the country.
3. A wandering from a subject; digression.
I am not in a scribbling mood, and shall therefore make no
excursions. Cowper.
4. (Mach.) Length of stroke, as of a piston; stroke. [An awkward use
of the word.] Syn. -- Journey; tour; ramble; jaunt. See Journey.
Excursionist
Ex*cur"sion*ist, n. One who goes on an excursion, or pleasure trip.
Excursive
Ex*cur"sive (?), a. Prone to make excursions; wandering; roving;
exploring; as, an excursive fancy.
The course of excursive . . . understandings. I. Taylor.
-- Ex*cur"sive*ly, adv. -- Ex*cur"sive*ness, , n.
Excursus
Ex*cur"sus (?), n. [L., fr. excurrere, excursum. See Excurrent.] A
dissertation or digression appended to a work, and containing a more
extended exposition of some important point or topic.
Excusable
Ex*cus"a*ble (?) a. [L. excusabilis: cf. F. excusable. See Excuse.]
That may be excused, forgiven, justified, or acquitted of blame;
pardonable; as, the man is excusable; an excusable action. --
Ex*cus"a*ble*ness, n. -- Ex*cus"a*bly, adv.
The excusableness of my dissatisfaction. Boyle.
Excusation
Ex`cu*sa"tion (?), n. [L. excusatio: cf. F. excusation.] Excuse;
apology. [Obs.] Bacon.
Excusator
Ex`cu*sa"tor (?), n. [L.] One who makes, or is authorized to make, an
excuse; an apologist. [Obs.] Hume.
Excusatory
Ex*cus"a*to*ry (?), a. Making or containing excuse or apology;
apologetical; as, an excusatory plea.
Excuse
Ex*cuse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Excused (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Excusing.] [OE. escusen, cusen, OF. escuser, excuser, F. excuser, fr.
L. excusare; ex out + causa cause, causari to plead. See Cause.]
1. To free from accusation, or the imputation of fault or blame; to
clear from guilt; to release from a charge; to justify by extenuating
a fault; to exculpate; to absolve; to acquit.
A man's persuasion that a thing is duty, will not excuse him from
guilt in practicing it, if really and indeed it be against Gog's
law. Abp. Sharp.
2. To pardon, as a fault; to forgive entirely, or to admit to be
little censurable, and to overlook; as, we excuse irregular conduct,
when extraordinary circumstances appear to justify it.
I must excuse what can not be amended. Shak.
3. To regard with indulgence; to view leniently or to overlook; to
pardon.
And in our own (excuse some courtly stains.) No whiter page than
Addison remains. Pope.
4. To free from an impending obligation or duty; hence, to disengage;
to dispense with; to release by favor; also, to remit by favor; not to
exact; as, to excuse a forfeiture.
I pray thee have me excused. xiv. 19.
5. To relieve of an imputation by apology or defense; to make apology
for as not seriously evil; to ask pardon or indulgence for.
Think ye that we excuse ourselves to you? 2 Cor. xii. 19.
Syn. -- To vindicate; exculpate; absolve; acquit. - To Pardon, Excuse,
Forgive. A superior pardons as an act of mercy or generosity; either a
superior or an equal excuses. A crime, great fault, or a grave
offence, as one against law or morals, may be pardoned; a small fault,
such as a failure in social or conventional obligations, slight
omissions or neglects may be excused. Forgive relates to offenses
against one's self, and punishment foregone; as, to forgive injuries
or one who has injured us; to pardon grave offenses, crimes, and
criminals; to excuse an act of forgetfulness, an unintentional
offense. Pardon is also a word of courtesy employed in the sense of
excuse.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 523
Excuse
Ex*cuse" (?), n. [Cf. F. excuse. See Excuse, v. t.]
1. The act of excusing, apologizing, exculpating, pardoning,
releasing, and the like; acquittal; release; absolution;
justification; extenuation.
Pleading so wisely in excuse of it. Shak.
2. That which is offered as a reason for being excused; a plea offered
in extenuation of a fault or irregular deportment; apology; as, an
excuse for neglect of duty; excuses for delay of payment.
Hence with denial vain and coy excuse. Milton.
3. That which excuses; that which extenuates or justifies a fault. "It
hath the excuse of youth." Shak.
If eyes were made for seeing. Then beauty is its own excuse for
being. Emerson.
Syn. -- See Apology.
Excuseless
Ex*cuse"less, a. Having no excuse; not admitting of excuse or apology.
Whillock.
Excusement
Ex*cuse"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. excusement.] Excuse. [Obs.] Gower.
Excuser
Ex*cus"er (?), n.
1. One who offers excuses or pleads in extenuation of the fault of
another. Swift.
2. One who excuses or forgives another. Shelton.
Excuss
Ex*cuss" (?), v. t. [L. excussus. p. p. of excutere to shake off; ex
out, from + quatere to shake. Cf. Quash.]
1. To shake off; to discard. [R.]
To excuss the notation of a Geity out of their minds. Bp.
Stillingfleet.
2. To inspect; to investigate; to decipher. [R.]
To take some pains in excusing some old monuments. F. Junius
(1654).
3. To seize and detain by law, as goods. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
Excussion
Ex*cus"sion (?), n. [L. excussio a shaking down; LL., a threshing of
corn: cf. F. excussion.] The act of excusing; seizure by law. [Obs.]
Ayliffe.
Exeat
Ex"e*at (?), n. [L., let him go forth.]
1. A license for absence from a college or a religious house. [Eng.]
Shipley.
2. A permission which a bishop grants to a priest to go out of his
diocese. Wharton.
Execrable
Ex"e*cra*ble (?), a. [L. execrabilis, exsecrabilis: cf. F.
ex\'82crable. See Execrate.] Deserving to be execrated; accursed;
damnable; detestable; abominable; as, an execrable wretch. "Execrable
pride." Hooker. -- Ex"e*cra*ble*ness, n. -- Ex"e*cra*bly, adv.
Execrate
Ex"e*crate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Execrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Execrating (?).] [L. execratus, exsecratus, p. p. of execrare,
exsecrare, to execrate; ex out + sacer holy, sacred. See Sacred.] To
denounce evil against, or to imprecate evil upon; to curse; to protest
against as unholy or detestable; hence, to detest utterly; to abhor;
to abominate. "They . . . execrate their lct." Cowper.
Execration
Ex`e*cra"tion (?), n. [L. execratio, exsecratio: cf. F.
ex\'82cration.]
1. The act of cursing; a curse dictated by violent feelings of hatred;
imprecation; utter detestation expressed.
Cease, gentle, queen, these execrations. Shak.
2. That which is execrated; a detested thing.
Ye shall be an execration and . . . a curse. Jer. xlii. 18.
Syn. -- See Malediction.
Execrative
Ex"e*cra*tive (?), a. Cursing; imprecatory; vilifying. Carlyle. --
Ex"e*cra*tive*ly, adv.
Execrative
Ex"e*cra*tive, n. A word used for cursing; an imprecatory word or
expression. Earle.
Execratory
Ex"e*cra*to*ry (?), a. Of the nature of execration; imprecatory;
denunciatory. C. Kingsley. -- n. A formulary of execrations. L.
Addison.
Exect
Ex*ect" (?), v. t. [See Exsect.] To cut off or out. [Obs.] See Exsect.
Harvey.
Exection
Ex*ec"tion (?), n. [Obs.] See Exsection.
Executable
Ex"e*cu`ta*ble (?), a. Capable of being executed; feasible; as, an
executable project. [R.]
Executant
Ex*ec"u*tant (?), n. One who executes or performs; esp., a performer
on a musical instrument.
Great executants on the organ. De Quincey.
Execute
Ex"e*cute (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Executed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Executing (?).] [F. ex\'82cuter, L. executus, exsecutus, p. p. of
exequi to follow to the end, pursue; ex out + sequi to follow. See
Second, Sue to follow up, and cf. Exequy.]
1. To follow out or through to the end; to carry out into complete
effect; to complete; to finish; to effect; to perform;
Why delays His hand to execute what his decree Fixed on this day?
Milton.
2. To complete, as a legal instrument; to perform what is required to
give validity to, as by signing and perhaps sealing and delivering;
as, to execute a deed, lease, mortgage, will, etc.
3. To give effect to; to do what is provided or required by; to
perform the requirements or stimulations of; as, to execute a decree,
judgment, writ, or process.
4. To infect capital punishment on; to put to death in conformity to a
legal sentence; as, to execute a traitor.
5. Too put to death illegally; to kill. [Obs.] Shak.
6. (Mus.) To perform, as a piece of music, either on an instrument or
with the voice; as, to execute a difficult part brilliantly. Syn. --
To accomplish; effect; fulfill; achieve; consummate; finish; complete.
See Accomplish.
Execute
Ex"e*cute, v. i.
1. To do one's work; to act one's part of purpose. [R.] Hayward.
2. To perform musically.
Executer
Ex"e*cu`ter (?), n. One who performs or carries into effect. See
Executor.
Execution
Ex`e*cu"tion (?), n. [F. ex\'82cution, L. executio, exsecutio.]
1. The act of executing; a carrying into effect or to completion;
performance; achievement; consummation; as, the execution of a plan, a
work, etc.
The excellence of the subject contributed much to the happiness of
the execution. Dryden.
2. A putting to death as a legal penalty; death lawfully inflicted;
as, the execution of a murderer.
A warrant for his execution. Shak.
3. The act of the mode of performing a work of art, of performing on
an instrument, of engraving, etc.; as, the execution of a statue,
painting, or piece of music.
The first quality of execution is truth. Ruskin.
4. (Law) (a) The carrying into effect the judgment given in a court of
law. (b) A judicial writ by which an officer is empowered to carry a
judgment into effect; final process. (c) The act of signing, and
delivering a legal instrument, or giving it the forms required to
render it valid; as, the execution of a deed, or a will.
5. That which is executed or accomplished; effect; effective work; --
usually with do.
To do some fatal execution. Shak.
6. The act of sacking a town. [Obs.] Beau. & FL.
Executioner
Ex`e*cu"tion*er (?), n.
1. One who executes; an executer. Bacon.
2. One who puts to death in conformity to legal warrant, as a hangman.
Executive
Ex*ec"u*tive (?), a. [Cf.F. ex\'82cutif.] Designed or fitted for
execution, or carrying into effect; as, executive talent; qualifying
for, concerned with, or pertaining to, the execution of the laws or
the conduct of affairs; as, executive power or authority; executive
duties, officer, department, etc.
NOTE: &hand; In go vernment, ex ecutive is di stinguished fr om
legislative and judicial; legislative being applied to the organ or
organs of government which make the laws; judicial, to that which
interprets and applies the laws; executive, to that which carries
them into effect or secures their due performance.
Executive
Ex*ec"u*tive, n. An impersonal title of the chief magistrate or
officer who administers the government, whether king, president, or
governor; the governing person or body.
Executively
Ex*ec"u*tive*ly, adv. In the way of executing or performing.
Executor
Ex*ec"u*tor (?), n. [L. executor, exsecutor: cf. F. ex\'82cuteur. Cf.
Executer.]
1. One who executes or performs; a doer; as, an executor of baseness.
Shak.
2. An executioner. [Obs.]
Delivering o'er to executors pa . . . The lazy, yawning drone.
Shak.
3. (Law) The person appointed by a
Executor de son tort [Of., executor of his own wrong] (Law), a
stranger who intermeddles without authority in the distribution of the
estate of a deceased person.
Executorial
Ex*ec`u*to"ri*al (?), a. [LL. executorialis.] Of or pertaining to an
executive.
Executorship
Ex*ec"u*tor*ship (?), n. The office of an executor.
Executory
Ex*ec"u*to*ry (?), a. [LL. executorius, L. exsecutorius: cf.F.
ex\'82cutoire.]
1. Pertaining to administration, or putting the laws in force;
executive.
The official and executory duties of government. Burke.
2. (Law) Designed to be executed or carried into effect in time to
come, or to take effect on a future contingency; as, an executory
devise, reminder, or estate; an executory contract. Blackstone.
Executress
Ex*ec"u*tress (?), n. [Cf.F. ex\'82cutrice.] An executrix.
Executrix
Ex*ec"u*trix (?), n. [LL.] (Law) A woman exercising the functions of
an executor.
Exedent
Ex"e*dent (?), a. [L. exedent, -entis, p.pr. of exedere. See Exesion.]
Eating out; consuming. [R.]
Exedra
Ex"e*dra (?), n.; pl. Exedr\'91 (#). [L., fr.Gr
1. (Class. Antiq.) A room in a public building, furnished with seats.
2. (Arch.) (a) The projection of any part of a building in a rounded
form. (b) Any out-of-door seat in stone, large enough for several
persons; esp., one of curved form.
Exegesis
Ex`e*ge"sis (?), n.;pl. Exegeses (#). [NL., fr.Gr. Agent.]
1. Exposition; explanation; especially, a critical explanation of a
text or portion of Scripture.
2. (Math.) The process of finding the roots of an equation. [Obs.]
Exegete
Ex"e*gete (?), n. [Gr. ex\'82g\'8ate. See Exegesis.] An exegetist.
Exegetic, Exegetical
Ex`e*get"ic (?), Ex`e*get"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. ex\'82g\'82tique.]
Pertaining to exegesis; tending to unfold or illustrate; explanatory;
expository. Walker. Ex`e*get"ic*al*ly, adv.
Exegetics
Ex`e*get"ics (?), n. The science of interpretation or exegesis.
Exegetist
Ex`e*ge"tist (?), n. One versed in the science of exegesis or
interpretation; -- also called exegete.
Exemplar
Ex*em"plar (?), n. [L. exemplar, exemplum: cf. F. exemplaire. See
Example, and cf. Examper, Sampler.]
1. A model, original, or pattern, to be copied or imitated; a
specimen; sometimes; an ideal model or type, as that which an artist
conceives.
Such grand exemplar as make their own abilities the sole measure of
what is fit or unfit. South.
2. A copy of a book or writing. [Obs.] Udall.
Exemplar
Ex*em"plar, a. Exemplary. [Obs.]
The exemplar piety of the father of a family. Jer. Taylor.
Exemplarily
Ex"em*pla*ri*ly (?), adv. In a manner fitted or designed to be an
example for imitation or for warning; by way of example.
She is exemplarily loyal. Howell.
Some he punisheth exemplarily. Hakewill.
Exemplariness
Ex"em*pla*ri*ness, n. The state or quality of being exemplary; fitness
to be an example.
Exemplarity
Ex`em*plar"i*ty (, n. [Cf. LL. exemplaritas.] Exemplariness. [R.]
The exemplarity of Christ's life. Abp. Sharp.
Exemplary
Ex"em*pla*ry (?), a. [L. exemplaris, fr. exemplar: cf. F. exemplaire.
See Exemplar.]
1. Serving as a pattern; deserving to be proposed for imitation;
commendable; as, an exemplary person; exemplary conduct.
[Bishops'] lives and doctrines ought to be exemplary. Bacon.
2. Serving as a warning; monitory; as, exemplary justice, punishment,
or damages.
3. Illustrating as the proof of a thing. Fuller.
Exemplary damages. (Law) See under Damage.
Exemplary
Ex"em*pla*ry, n. An exemplar; also, a copy of a book or writing.
[Obs.] Donne.
Exemplifiable
Ex*em"pli*fi`a*ble (?), a. That can be exemplified.
Exemplification
Ex*em`pli*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
1. The act of exemplifying; a showing or illustrating by example.
2. That which exemplifies; a case in point; example.
3. (Law) A copy or transcript attested to be correct by the seal of an
officer having custody of the original.
Exemplifier
Ex*em"pli*fi`er (?), n. One who exemplifies by following a pattern.
Exemplify
Ex*em"pli*fy (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exemplified (?); p. pr. &. vb. n.
Exemplifying.] [L. exemplum example + -fy: cf. LL. exemplificare to
copy, serve as an example.]
1. To show or illustrate by example.
He did but . . . exemplify the principles in which he had been
brought up. Cowper.
2. To copy; to transcribe; to make an attested copy or transcript of,
under seal, as of a record. Holland.
3. To prove or show by an attested copy.
Exempt
Ex*empt" (?), a. [F. exempt, L. exemptus, p. p. of eximere to take
out, remove, free; ex out + emere to buy, take. Cf. Exon, Redeem.]
1. Cut off; set apart. [Obs.]
Corrupted, and exempt from ancient gentry. Shak.
2. Extraordinary; exceptional. [Obs.] Chapman.
3. Free, or released, from some liability to which others are subject;
excepted from the operation or burden of some law; released; free;
clear; privileged; -- (with from): not subject to; not liable to; as,
goods exempt from execution; a person exempt from jury service.
True nobility is exempt from fear. Shak.
T is laid on all, not any one exempt. Dryden.
Exempt
Ex*empt", n.
1. One exempted or freed from duty; one not subject.
2. One of four officers of the Yeomen of the Royal Guard, having the
rank of corporal; an Exon. [Eng.]
Exempt
Ex*empt", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exempted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exempting.]
[F. exempter. See Exempt, a.]
1. To remove; to set apart. [Obs.] Holland.
2. To release or deliver from some liability which others are subject
to; to except or excuse from he operation of a law; to grant immunity
to; to free from obligation; to release; as, to exempt from military
duty, or from jury service; to exempt from fear or pain.
Death So snatched will not exempt us from the pain We are by doom
to pay. Milton.
Exemptible
Ex*empt"i*ble (?), a. That may be exempted.
Exemption
Ex*emp"tion (?), n. [L. exenptio a removing: cf. F. exemption
exemption.] The act of exempting; the state of being exempt; freedom
from any charge, burden, evil, etc., to which others are subject;
immunity; privilege; as, exemption of certain articles from seizure;
exemption from military service; exemption from anxiety, suffering,
etc.
Exemptitious
Ex`emp*ti"tious (?), a. Separable. [Obs.] "Exemptitious from matter."
Dr. H. More.
Exenterate
Ex*en"ter*ate (?), v. t. [L. exenteratus, p.p. of exenterare; cf. Gr.
To take out the bowels or entrails of; to disembowel; to eviscerate;
as, exenterated fishes. [R.]
Exenterated rule-mongers and eviscerated logicians. Hare.
Exenteration
Ex*en`ter*a"tion (?), n. [LL. exenteratio.] Act of exenterating. [R.]
Exequatur
Ex`e*qua"tur (?), n. [L., 3d pers. sing. pres. subj. of exequi,
exsequi, to perform, execute.]
1. A written official recognition of a consul or commercial agent,
issued by the government to which he is accredited, and authorizing
him to exercise his powers in the place to which he is assigned.
2. Official recognition or permission. Prescott.
Exequial
Ex*e"qui*al (?), a. [L. exequialis, exsequialis, fr. exsequiae
exequies.] Of or pertaining to funerals; funereal.
Exequious
Ex*e"qui*ous (?), a. Funereal. [Obs.] Drayton.
Exequy
Ex"e*quy (?), n.;pl. Exequies (#). [L. exequiae, exsequiae, a funeral
procession, fr. exsequi to follow out: cf. OF. exeques. See Exequte.]
A funeral rite (usually in the plural); the ceremonies of burial;
obsequies; funeral procession.
But see his exequies fulfilled in Rouen. Shak.
Exercent
Ex*er"cent (?), a. [L. exercents, -entis, p. pr. of exercere. See
Exercise.] Practicing; professional. [Obs.] "Every exercent advocate."
Ayliffe.
Exercisable
Ex"er*ci`sa*ble (?) a. That may be exercised, used, or exerted.
Exercise
Ex"er*cise (?), n. [F. exercice, L. exercitium, from exercere,
exercitum, to drive on, keep, busy, prob. orig., to thrust or drive
out of the inclosure; ex out + arcere to shut up, inclose. See Ark.]
1. The act of exercising; a setting in action or practicing;
employment in the proper mode of activity; exertion; application; use;
habitual activity; occupation, in general; practice.
exercise of the important function confided by the constitution to
the legislature. Jefferson.
O we will walk this world, Yoked in all exercise of noble end.
Tennyson.
2. Exertion for the sake of training or improvement whether physical,
intellectual, or moral; practice to acquire skill, knowledge, virtue,
perfectness, grace, etc. "Desire of knightly exercise." Spenser.
An exercise of the eyes and memory. Locke.
3. Bodily exertion for the sake of keeping the organs and functions in
a healthy state; hygienic activity; as, to take exercise ob horseback.
The wise for cure on exercise depend. Dryden.
4. The performance of an office, a ceremony, or a religious duty.
Lewis refused even those of the church of England . . . the public
exercise of their religion. Addison.
To draw him from his holy exercise. Shak.
5. That which is done for the sake of exercising, practicing,
training, or promoting skill, health, mental, improvement, moral
discipline, etc.; that which is assigned or prescribed for such ebbs;
hence, a disquisition; a lesson; a task; as, military or naval
exercises; musical exercises; an exercise in composition.
The clumsy exercises of the European tourney. Prescott.
He seems to have taken a degree, and preformed public exercises in
Cambridge, in 1565. Brydges.
6. That which gives practice; a trial; a test.
Patience is more oft the exercise Of saints, the trial of their
fortitude. Milton.
Exercise bone (Med.), a deposit of bony matter in the soft tissues,
produced by pressure or exertion.
Exercise
Ex"er*cise (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exercised (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exercising (?).]
1. To set in action; to cause to act, move, or make exertion; to give
employment to; to put in action habitually or constantly; to school or
train; to exert repeatedly; to busy.
Herein do I Exercise myself, to have always a conscience void of
offence. Acts xxiv. 16.
2. To exert for the sake of training or improvement; to practice in
order to develop; hence, also, to improve by practice; to discipline,
and to use or to for the purpose of training; as, to exercise arms; to
exercise one's self in music; to exercise troops.
About him exercised heroic games The unarmed youth. Milton.
3. To occupy the attention and effort of; to task; to tax, especially
in a painful or vexatious manner; harass; to vex; to worry or make
anxious; to affect; to discipline; as, exercised with pain.
Where pain of unextinguishable fire Must exercise us without hope
of end. Milton.
4. To put in practice; to carry out in action; to perform the duties
of; to use; to employ; to practice; as, to exercise authority; to
exercise an office.
I am the Lord which exercise loving-kindness, judgment, and
righteousness in the earth. Jer. ix. 24.
The people of the land have used oppression and exercised robbery.
Ezek. xxii. 29.
Exercise
Ex"er*cise, v. i. To exercise one's self, as under military training;
to drill; to take exercise; to use action or exertion; to practice
gymnastics; as, to exercise for health or amusement.
I wear my trusty sword, When I do exercise. Cowper.
Exerciser
Ex"er*ci`ser (?), n. One who exercises.
Exercisible
Ex"er*ci`si*ble (?), a. Capable of being exercised, employed, or
enforced; as, the authority of a magistrate is exercisible within his
jurisdiction.
Exercitation
Ex*er`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L. exercitatio, fr. exercitare, intense.,
fr. exercere to exercise: CF. f. exercitation.] exercise; practice;
use. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Exergue
Ex*ergue" (?), n. [F.,fr.Gr. i.e., accessory work. See Work.] (Numis.)
The small space beneath the base line of a subject engraved on a coin
or medal. It usually contains the date, place, engraver's name, etc.,
or other subsidiary matter. Fairholt.
Exert
Ex*ert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exerted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exerting.]
[L. exertus, exsertus, p.p. of exerere, exserere, to thrust out; ex
out + serere to join or bind together. See Series, and cf. Exsert.]
1. To thrust forth; to emit; to push out. [Obs.]
So from the seas exerts his radiant head The star by whom the
lights of heaven are led. Dryden.
2. To put force, ability, or anything of the nature of an active
faculty; to put in vigorous action; to bring into active operation;
as, to exert the strength of the body, limbs, faculties, or
imagination; to exert the mind or the voice.
3. To put forth, as the result or exercise of effort; to bring to
bear; to do or perform.
When we will has exerted an act of command on any faculty of the
soul or member of the body. South.
To exert one's self, to use efforts or endeavors; to strive; to make
an attempt.
Exertion
Ex*er"tion (?), n. The act of exerting, or putting into motion or
action; the active exercise of any power or faculty; an effort, esp. a
laborious or perceptible effort; as, an exertion of strength or power;
an exertion of the limbs or of the mind; it is an exertion for him to
move, to-day. Syn. -- Attempt; endeavor; effort; essay; trial. See
Attempt.
Exertive
Ex*ert"ive (?), a. Having power or a tendency to exert; using
exertion.
Exertment
Ex*ert"ment (?), n. Exertion. [R.]
Exesion
Ex*e"sion (?), n. [L. exedere, exesum, to eat up; ex out + edere to
eat.] The act of eating out or through. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Exestuate
Ex*es"tu*ate (?), v. i. [L. exaestuatus,p.p. of exaestuare to boil up.
See Estuate.] To be agitated; to boil up; to effervesce. [Obs.]
Exestuation
Ex*es`tu*a"tion (?), n. [L. exaestuatio.] A boiling up; effervescence.
[Obs.] Boyle.
Exeunt
Ex"e*unt (?). [L., 3d pers. pl. pres. of exire to go out.] They go
out, or retire from the scene; as, exeunt all except Hamlet. See 1st
Exit.
Exfetation
Ex`fe*ta"tion (?), n [Pref. ex- + fetation.] (Med.) Imperfect fetation
in some organ exterior to the uterus; extra-uterine fetation. Hoblyn.
Exfoliate
Ex*fo"li*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Exfoliated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exfoliating (?).] [L. exfoliare to strip of leaves; ex out, from +
folium leaf.]
1. To separate and come off in scales or lamin\'91, as pieces of
carious bone or of bark.
2. (Min.) To split into scales, especially to become converted into
scales at the result of heat or decomposition.
Exfoliate
Ex*fo"li*ate v. t. To remove scales, lamin\'91, or splinters from the
surface of.
Exfoliation
Ex*fo`li*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. exfoliation.] The scaling off of a
bone, a rock, or a mineral, etc.; the state of being exfoliated.
Exfoliative
Ex*fo"li*a"tive (?), a. [Cf.F. exfoliatif.] Having the power of
causing exfoliation. -- n. An exfoliative agent. Wiseman.
Exhalable
Ex*hal"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being exhaled or evaporated. Boyle.
Exhalant
Ex*hal"ant (?), a. [Cf. F. exhalant.] Having the quality of exhaling
or evaporating.
Exhalation
Ex`ha*la"tion (?), n. [L. exhalatio: cf. F. exhalaison, exhalation.]
1. The act or process of exhaling, or sending forth in the form of
steam or vapor; evaporation.
2. That which is exhaled, or which rises in the form of vapor, fume,
or steam; effluvium; emanation; as, exhalations from the earth or
flowers, decaying matter, etc.
Ye mists and exhalations, that now rise From hill or steaming lake.
Milton.
3. A bright phenomenon; a meteor.
I shall fall Like a bright exhalation in the evening. Shak.
Exhale
Ex*hale" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exaled (?), p. pr. & vb. n..
Exaling.] [L. exhalare; ex out + halare to breathe; cf.F. exhaler. Cf.
Inhale.]
1. To breathe out. Hence: To emit, as vapor; to send out, as an odor;
to evaporate; as, the earth exhales vapor; marshes exhale noxious
effluvia.
Less fragrant scents the unfolding rose exhales. Pope.
2. To draw out; to cause to be emitted in vapor; as, the sum exhales
the moisture of the earth.
Exhale
Ex*hale", v. i. To rise or be given off, as vapor; to pass off, or
vanish.
Their inspiration exhaled in elegies. Prescott.
Exhalement
Ex*hale"ment (?), n. Exhalation. [Obs.]
Exhalence
Ex*hal"ence (?), n. Exhalation. [R.]
Exhaust
Ex*haust" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exhausted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exhausting.] [L. exhaustus, p.p. of exhaurire; ex out + haurire,
haustum, to draw, esp. water; perhaps akin to Icel. asua to sprinkle,
pump.]
1. To draw or let out wholly; to drain off completely; as, to exhaust
the water of a well; the moisture of the earth is exhausted by
evaporation.
2. To empty by drawing or letting out the contents; as, to exhaust a
well, or a treasury.
3. To drain, metaphorically; to use or expend wholly, or till the
supply comes to an end; to deprive wholly of strength; to use up; to
weary or tire out; to wear out; as, to exhaust one's strength,
patience, or resources.
A decrepit, exhausted old man at fifty-five. Motley.
4. To bring out or develop completely; to discuss thoroughly; as, to
exhaust a subject.
5. (Chem.) To subject to the action of various solvents in order to
remove all soluble substances or extractives; as, to exhaust a drug
successively with water, alcohol, and ether.
Exhausted receiver. (Physics) See under Receiver. Syn. -- To spend;
consume; tire out; weary.
Exhaust
Ex*haust", a. [L. exhaustus, p.p.]
1. Drained; exhausted; having expended or lost its energy.
2. Pertaining to steam, air, gas, etc., that is released from the
cylinder of an engine after having preformed its work.
Exhaust draught, a forced draught produced by drawing air through a
place, as through a furnace, instead of blowing it through. -- Exhaust
fan, a fan blower so arranged as to produce an exhaust draught, or to
draw air or gas out of a place, as out of a room in ventilating it. --
Exhaust nozzle, Exhaust orifice (Steam Engine), the blast orifice or
nozzle. -- Exhaust pipe (Steam Engine), the pipe that conveys exhaust
steam from the cylinder to the atmosphere or to the condenser. Exhaust
port (Steam Engine), the opening, in the cylinder or valve, by which
the exhaust steam escapes. -- Exhaust purifier (Milling), a machine
for sorting grains, or purifying middlings by an exhaust draught.
Knight. -- Exhaust steam (Steam Engine), steam which is allowed to
escape from the cylinder after having been employed to produce motion
of the piston. -- Exhaust valve (Steam Engine), a valve that lets
exhaust steam escape out of a cylinder.
Exhaust
Ex*haust", n. (Steam Engine)
1. The steam let out of a cylinder after it has done its work there.
2. The foul air let out of a room through a register or pipe provided
for the purpose.
Exhauster
Ex*haust"er (?) n. One who, or that which, exhausts or draws out.
Exhaustibility
Ex*haust`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capability of being exhausted.
I was seriously tormented by the thought of the exhaustibility of
musical combinations. J. S. Mill.
Exhaustible
Ex*haust"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being exhausted, drained off, or
expended. Johnson.
Exhausting
Ex*haust"ing, a. Producing exhaustion; as, exhausting labors. --
Ex*haust"ing, adv.
Exhaustion
Ex*haus"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. exhaustion.]
1. The act of draining out or draining off; the act of emptying
completely of the contents.
2. The state of being exhausted or emptied; the state of being
deprived of strength or spirits.
3. (Math.) An ancient geometrical method in which an exhaustive
process was employed. It was nearly equivalent to the modern method of
limits.
NOTE: &hand; The method of exhaustions was applied to great variety
of propositions, pertaining to rectifications and quadratures, now
investigated by the calculus.
Exhaustive
Ex*haust"ive (?), a. Serving or tending to exhaust; exhibiting all the
facts or arguments; as, an exhaustive method. Ex*haust"ive*ly, adv.
Exhaustless
Ex*haust"less, a. Not be exhausted; inexhaustible; as, an exhaustless
fund or store.
Exhaustment
Ex*haust"ment (?), n. Exhaustion; drain. [Obs.]
Exhausture
Ex*haus"ture (?), n. Exhaustion. Wraxall.
Exhedra
Ex"he*dra (?), n. [NL.] See Exedra.
Exheredate
Ex*her"e*date (?), v. t. [L., exheredatus, p.p. of exheredare to
disinherit; ex out + heres, heredis, heir.] To disinherit. [R.]
Huloet.
Exheredation
Ex*her`e*da"tion (?), n. [L., exheredatio: cf. F. exh\'82r\'82dation.]
A disinheriting; disherisor. [R.]
Exhereditation
Ex`he*red`i*ta"tion (?), n. [LL. exhereditare, exhereditatum,
disinherit.] A disinheriting; disherison. [R.] E. Waterhouse.
Exhibit
Ex*hib"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exhibited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exhibiting.] [L. exhibitus, p. p. of exhibere to hold forth, to
tender, exhibit; ex out + habere to have or hold. See Habit.]
1. To hold forth or present to view; to produce publicly, for
inspection; to show, especially in order to attract notice to what is
interesting; to display; as, to exhibit commodities in a warehouse, a
picture in a gallery.
Exhibiting a miserable example of the weakness of mind and body.
Pope.
2. (Law) To submit, as a document, to a court or officer, in course of
proceedings; also, to present or offer officially or in legal form; to
bring, as a charge.
He suffered his attorney-general to exhibit a charge of high
treason against the earl. Clarendon.
3. (Med.) To administer as a remedy; as, to exhibit calomel.
To exhibit a foundation or prize, to hold it forth or to tender it as
a bounty to candidates. -- To exibit an essay, to declaim or otherwise
present it in public. [Obs.]
Exhibit
Ex*hib"it, n.
1. Any article, or collection of articles, displayed to view, as in an
industrial exhibition; a display; as, this exhibit was marked A; the
English exhibit.
2. (Law) A document produced and identified in court for future use as
evidence.
Exhibiter
Ex*hib"it*er (?), n. [Cf. Exhibitor.] One who exhibits; one who
presents a petition, charge or bill. Shak.
Exhibition
Ex`hi*bi"tion (?), n. [L. exhibitio a delivering: cf. F. exhibition.]
1. The act of exhibiting for inspection, or of holding forth to view;
manifestation; display.
2. That which is exhibited, held forth, or displayed; also, any public
show; a display of works of art, or of feats of skill, or of
oratorical or dramatic ability; as, an exhibition of animals; an
exhibition of pictures, statues, etc.; an industrial exhibition.
3. Sustenance; maintenance; allowance, esp. for meat and drink;
pension. Specifically: (Eng. Univ.) Private benefaction for the
maintenance of scholars.
What maintenance he from his friends receives, Like exhibition thou
shalt have from me. Shak.
I have given more exhibitions to scholars, in my days, than to the
priests. Tyndale.
4. (Med.) The act of administering a remedy.
Exhibitioner
Ex`hi*bi"tion*er (?), n. (Eng. Univ.) One who has a pension or
allowance granted for support.
A youth who had as an exhibitioner from Christ's Hospital. G.
Eliot.
Exhibitive
Ex*hib"it*ive (?), a. Serving for exhibition; representative;
exhibitory. Norris. -- Ex*hib"it*ive*ly, adv.
Exhibitor
Ex*hib"it*or (?), n. [Cf. L. exhibitor a giver.] One who exhibits.
Exhibitory
Ex*hib"it*o*ry (?), a. [L. exhibitorius relating to giving up: cf. F.
exhibitoire exhibiting.] Exhibiting; publicly showing. J. Warton.
Exhilarant
Ex*hil"a*rant (?), a. [L. exhilarans. -antis, p. pr. See Exhilarate.]
Exciting joy, mirth, or pleasure. -- n. That which exhilarates.
Exhilarate
Ex*hil"a*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exhilarated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Exilarating.] [L. exhilaratus, p.p. of exhilarare to gladden; ex
out + hilarare to make merry, hilaris merry, cheerful. See Hilarious.]
To make merry or jolly; to enliven; to animate; to gladden greatly; to
cheer; as, good news exhilarates the mind; wine exhilarates a man.
Exhilarate
Ex*hil"a*rate, v. i. To become joyous. [R.] Bacon.
Exhilarating
Ex*hil"a*ra`ting (?), a. That exhilarates; cheering; gladdening. --
Ex*hil"a*ra`ting*ly, adv.
Exhilaration
Ex*hil`a*ra"tion (?), n. [L., exhilaratio.]
1. The act of enlivening the spirits; the act of making glad or
cheerful; a gladdening.
2. The state of being enlivened or cheerful.
Exhilaration hath some affinity with joy, though it be a much
lighter motion. Bacon.
Syn. -- Animation; joyousness; gladness; cheerfulness; gayety;
hilarity; merriment; jollity.
Exhort
Ex*hort" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exhorted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exhorting.] [L. exhortari; ex out + hortari to incite, encourage; cf.
F. exhorter. See Hortative.] To incite by words or advice; to animate
or urge by arguments, as to a good deed or laudable conduct; to
address exhortation to; to urge strongly; hence, to advise, warn, or
caution.
Examples gross as earth exhort me. Shak.
Let me exhort you to take care of yourself. J. D. Forbes.
Exhort
Ex*hort", v. i. To deliver exhortation; to use words or arguments to
incite to good deeds.
With many other words did he testify and exhort. Acts ii. 40.
Exhort
Ex*hort", n. Exhortation. [Obs.] Pope.
Exhortation
Ex`hor*ta"tion (?), n. [L. exhortatio: cf. F. exhortation.]
1. The act of practice of exhorting; the act of inciting to laudable
deeds; incitement to that which is good or commendable.
2. Language intended to incite and encourage; advice; counsel;
admonition.
I'll end my exhortation after dinner. Shak.
Exhortative
Ex*hor"ta*tive (?), a. [L. exhortativus: cf. F. exhortatif.] Serving
to exhort; exhortatory; hortative. Barrow.
Exhortatory
Ex*hor"ta*to*ry (?) a. [L. exhortatorius: cf. F. exhortatoire.] Of or
pertaining to exhortation; hortatory. Holinshed.
Exhorter
Ex*hort"er (?), n. One who exhorts or incites.
Exhumated
Ex*hu"ma*ted (?), a. Disinterred. [Obs.]
Exhumation
Ex`hu*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. exhumatio, F. exhumation.] The act of
exhuming that which has been buried; as, the exhumation of a body.
Exhume
Ex*hume" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exhumed (?) p. pr. & vb. n..
Exhuming.] [LL. exhumare; L. ex out + humus ground, soil: cf. F.
exhumer. See Humble.] To dig out of the ground; to take out of a place
of burial; to disinter. Mantell.
Exiccate
Ex"ic*cate (?), v. t. See Exsiccate. [Obs.] Holland.
Exiccation
Ex`ic*ca"tion (?), n. See Exsiccation. [Obs.]
Exigence
Ex"i*gence (?), n. [F.] Exigency. Hooker.
Exigency
Ex"i*gen*cy (?), n.;pl. Exigencies (#). [LL. exigentia: cf. F.
exigence.] The state of being exigent; urgent or exacting want;
pressing necessity or distress; need; a case demanding immediate
action, supply, or remedy; as, an unforeseen exigency. "The present
exigency of his affairs." Ludlow. Syn. -- Demand; urgency; distress;
pressure; emergency; necessity; crisis.
Exigendary
Ex`i*gen"da*ry (?), n. See Exigenter.
Exigent
Ex`i*gent, a. [L. exigens, -entis, p. pr. of exigere to drive out or
forth, require, exact. See Exact.] Exacting or requiring immediate aid
or action; pressing; critical. "At this exigent moment." Burke.
Exigent
Ex"i*gent, n.
1. Exigency; pressing necessity; decisive moment. [Obs.]
Why do you cross me in this exigent? Shak.
2. (o. Eng. Law) The name of a writ in proceedings before outlawry.
Abbott.
Exigenter
Ex"i*gent*er (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) An officer in the Court of King's
Bench and Common Pleas whose duty it was make out exigents. The office
in now abolished. Cowell.
Exigible
Ex"i*gi*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. exigible. See Exigent.] That may be
exacted; repairable. [R.] A. Smith.
Exiguity
Ex`i*gu"i*ty (?), n. [L. exiguitas, fr. exiguus small: cf. F.
exiguit\'82.] Scantiness; smallness; thinness. [R.] Boyle.
Exiguous
Ex*ig"u*ous (?), a. [L. exiguus.] Scanty; small; slender; diminutive.
[R.] "Exiguous resources." Carlyle. -- Ex*ig"uous*ness, n. [R.]
Exile
Ex"ile (?), n. [OE. exil, fr. L. exilium, exsilium, fr. exsuil one who
quits, or is banished from, his native soil; ex out + solum ground,
land, soil, or perh. fr.the root of salire to leap, spring; cf. F.
exil. Cf. Sole of the foot, Saltation.]
1. Forced separation from one's native country; expulsion from one's
home by the civil authority; banishment; sometimes, voluntary
separation from one's native country.
Let them be recalled from their exile. Shak.
2. The person expelled from his country by authority; also, one who
separates himself from his home.
Thou art in exile, and thou must not stay. Shak.
Syn. -- Banishment; proscription; expulsion.
Exile
Ex"ile (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exiling.]
To banish or expel from one's own country or home; to drive away.
"Exiled from eternal God." Tennyson.
Calling home our exiled friends abroad. Shak.
Syn. -- See Banish.
Exile
Ex*ile" (?), a. [L. exilis.] Small; slender; thin; fine. [Obs.] "An
exile sound." Bacon.
Exilement
Ex"ile*ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. exilement.] Banishment. [R.] Sir. H.
Wotton.
Exilic
Ex*il"ic (?), a. Pertaining to exile or banishment, esp. to that of
the Jews in Babylon. Encyc. Dict.
Exilition
Ex`i*li"tion (?), n. [L. exsilire to spring from; ex out + salire to
spring, leap.] A sudden springing or leaping out. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
Exility
Ex*il"ity (?), n. [L. exilitas: cf. F. exilit\'82. See Exile, a.]
Smallness; meagerness; slenderness; fineness, thinness. [R.] Paley.
Eximious
Ex*im"ious (?) a. [L. eximius taken out, i. e. select, fr. eximere to
take out. See Exempt.] Select; choice; hence, extraordinary,
excellent. [Obs.]
The eximious and arcane science of physic. Fuller.
Exinanite
Ex*in"a*nite (?), v. t. [L. exinanitus, p. p. of exinanire; ex out
(intens.) + inanire to make empty, inanis, empty.] To make empty; to
render of no effect; to humble. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
Exinanition
Ex*in`a*ni"tion (?) n. [L. exinanitio.] An emptying; an enfeebling;
exhaustion; humiliation. [Obs.]
Fastings to the exinanition of spirits. Jer. Taylor.
Exist
Ex*ist" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Existed; p. pr. & vb. n. Existing.]
[L. existere, exsistere, to step out or forth, emerge, appear, exist;
ex out + sistere to cause to stand, to set, put, place, stand still,
fr. stare to stand: cf. F. exister. See Stand.]
1. To be as a fact and not as a mode; to have an actual or real being,
whether material or spiritual.
Who now, alas! no more is missed Than if he never did exist. Swift.
To conceive the world . . . to have existed from eternity. South.
2. To be manifest in any manner; to continue to be; as, great evils
existed in his reign.
3. To live; to have life or the functions of vitality; as, men can not
exist water, nor fishes on land. Syn. -- See Be.
Existence
Ex*ist"ence (?), n. [Cf. F. existence.]
1. The state of existing or being; actual possession of being;
continuance in being; as, the existence of body and of soul in union;
the separate existence of the soul; immortal existence.
The main object of our existence. Lubbock.
2. Continued or repeated manifestation; occurrence, as of events of
any kind; as, the existence of a calamity or of a state of war.
The existence therefore, of a phenomenon, is but another word for
its being perceived, or for the inferred possibility of perceiving
it. J. S. Mill.
3. That which exists; a being; a creature; an entity; as, living
existences.
Existency
Ex*ist"en*cy (?), n. Existence. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
Existent
Ex*ist"ent (?), a. [L. existens, -entis, p. pr. of existere. See
Exist.] Having being or existence; existing; being; occurring now;
taking place.
The eyes and mind are fastened on objects which have no real being,
as if they were truly existent. Dryden.
Existential
Ex`is*ten"tial (?), a. Having existence. [Archaic] Bp. Barlow.
--Ex`is*ten"tial*ly, adv. [Archaic]
Existentially as well as essentially intelligent. Colerige.
Exister
Ex*ist"er (?), n. One who exists.
Existible
Ex*ist"i*ble (?), a. Capable of existence. Grew.
Existimation
Ex*is`ti*ma"tion (?), n. [L. existimatio judgment, opinion, fr.
existimare to estimate. See Estimate.] Esteem; opinion; reputation.
[Obs.] Steele.
Exit
Ex"it (?). [L., 3d pers. sing. pres. of exire to go out. See Exeunt,
Issue.] He (or she ) goes out, or retires from view; as, exit Macbeth.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Latin words exit (he or she goes out), and exeunt
( they go out), are used in dramatic writings to indicate the time
of withdrawal from the stage of one or more of the actors.
Exit
Ex"it, n. [See 1st Exit.]
1. The departure of a player from the stage, when he has performed his
part.
They have their exits and their entrances. Shak.
2. Any departure; the act of quitting the stage of action or of life;
death; as, to make one's exit.
Sighs for his exit, vulgarly called death. Cowper.
3. A way of departure; passage out of a place; egress; way out.
Forcing he water forth thought its ordinary exists. Woodward.
Exitial, Exitious
Ex*i"tial (?), Ex*i"tious (?), a. [L. exitialis, exitious, fr. exitium
a going out, a going to naught, i. e., ruin, fr.exire to go out: cf.
F. exitial.] Destructive; fatal. [Obs.] "Exitial fevers." Harvey.
Exo
Ex"o (?). [Gr. Ex-.] A prefix signifying out of, outside; as in
exocarp, exogen, exoskeleton.
Exocardiac, Exocardial
Ex`o*car"di*ac (?), Ex`o*car"di*al (?), a. [Exo- + Gr. (Anat.)
Situated or arising outside of the heat; as, exocardial murmurs; --
opposed to endocardiac.
Exocarp
Ex"o*carp (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. (Bot.) The outer portion of a fruit, as
the flesh of a peach or the rind of an orange. See Illust. of Drupe.
Exoccipital
Ex`oc*cip"i*tal (?), a. [Pref. ex- + occipital.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
a bone or region on each side of the great foremen of the skull. -- n.
The exoccipital bone, which often forms a part of the occipital in the
adult, but is usually distinct in the young.
Exocetus or, Exoc\'d2tus
Ex`o*ce"tus (? or ?), Ex`oc\'d2"tus, n. [NL. exocetus, L. exocoetus a
fish that sleeps on the shore, Gr. (Zo\'94l) A genus of fishes,
including the common flying fishes. See Flying fish.
Exoculate
Ex*oc"u*late (?), v. t. [L. exoculatus, p. p. of exoculare to
exoculate; ex out + oculus an eye.] To deprive of eyes. [R.] W. C.
Hazlitt.
Exode
Ex"ode (?) n. [L. exodium, Gr. exode. See Exodus.]
1. Departure; exodus; esp., the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt.
[Obs.] L. Coleman. Bolingbroke.
2. (Gr. Drama) The final chorus; the catastrophe.
3. (Rom. Antig.) An afterpiece of a comic description, either a farce
or a travesty.
Exodic
Ex*od"ic (?), a. [Gr. Exodus.] (Physiol.) Conducting influences from
the spinal cord outward; -- said of the motor or efferent nerves.
Opposed to esodic.
Exogium
Ex*o"gi*um (?), n. [L.] See Exode.
Exodus
Ex"o*dus (?), n. [L., the book of Exodus, Gr. Skr. \'be-sad to
approach.]
1. A going out; particularly (the Exodus), the going out or journey of
the Israelites from Egypt under the conduct of Moses; and hence, any
large migration from a place.
2. The second of the Old Testament, which contains the narrative of
the departure of the Israelites from Egypt.
Exody
Ex"o*dy (?), n. Exodus; withdrawal. [Obs.]
The time of the Jewish exody. Sir M. Hale.
Ex-official
Ex`-of*fi"cial (?), a. Proceeding from office or authority.
Ex officio
Ex` of*fi"ci*o (?); pl. Ex officiis (#). [L.] From office; by virtue,
or as a consequence, of an office; officially.
Exogamous
Ex*og"a*mous (?), a. [Exo- + Gr. Relating to exogamy; marrying outside
of the limits of one's own tribe; -- opposed to endogenous.
Exogamy
Ex*og"a*my (?), n. The custom, or tribal law, which prohibits marriage
between members of the same tribe; marriage outside of the tribe; --
opposed to endogamy. Lubbock.
Exogen
Ex"o*gen (?), n. [Exo- + -gen: cf. F. exog\'8ane.] (Bot.) A plant
belonging to one of the greater part of the vegetable kingdom, and
which the plants are characterized by having c wood bark, and pith,
the wood forming a layer between the other two, and increasing, if at
all, by the animal addition of a new layer to the outside next to the
bark. The leaves are commonly netted-veined, and the number of
cotyledons is two, or, very rarely, several in a whorl. Cf. Endogen.
Gray.
Exogenetic
Ex`o*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Arising or growing from without;
exogenous.
Exogenous
Ex*og"e*nous (?), a.
1. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or having the character of, an exogen; -- the
opposite of endogenous.
2. (Biol.) Growing by addition to the exterior.
3. (Anat.) Growing from previously ossified parts; -- opposed to
autogenous. Owen.
Exogenous aneurism (Med.), an aneurism which is produced by causes
acting from without, as from injury.
Exogyra
Ex`o*gy"ra (?) n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of Cretaceous fossil
shells allied to oysters.
Exolete
Ex"o*lete (?), a. [L. exoletus, p. p. of exolescere to grow out, grow
out of use; ex out + olescere to grow.] Obsolete; out of use; state;
insipid. [Obs.]
Exolution
Ex`o*lu"tion (?), n. [L. exolutio a release. See Exolve.] See
Exsolution. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Exolve
Ex*olve" (?), v. t. [L. exolvere, exsolutum; ex out + solvere.] To
loose; to pay. [Obs.]
Exon
Ex"on (?), n. [NL., from E. Exe (Celt. uisge water) the name of a
river.] A native or inhabitant of Exeter, in England.
Exon
Ex"on, n. [F. expect an under officer.] An officer of the Yeomen of
the Guard; an Exempt. [Eng.]
Exonerate
Ex*on"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exonerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exonerating (?).] [L. exoneratus, p. p. of exonerare to free from a
burden; ex out, from onerare to load, onus load. See Onerous.]
1. To unload; to disburden; to discharge. [Obs.]
All exonerate themselves into one common duct. Ray.
2. To relieve, in a moral sense, as of a charge, obligation, or load
of blame resting on one; to clear of something that lies upon
oppresses one, as an accusation or imputation; as, to exonerate one's
self from blame, or from the charge of avarice. Burke.
3. To discharge from duty or obligation, as a ball. Syn>- To absolve;
acquit; exculpate. See Absolve.
Exoneration
Ex*on`er*a"tion (?), n. [L. exoneratio: cf. F. Exon\'82ration.] The
act of disburdening, discharging, or freeing morally from a charge or
imputation; also, the state of being disburdened or freed from a
charge.
Exonerative
Ex*on"er*a*tive (?), a. Freeing from a burden or obligation; tending
to exonerate.
Exonerator
Ex*on"er*a`tor (?), n. [L., an unloader.] One who exonerates or frees
from obligation.
Exophthalmia
Ex`oph*thal"mi*a (?), n. [Nl.,fr. Gr. (Med.) The protrusion of the
eyeball so that the eyelids will not cover it, in consequence of
disease.
Exophthalmic
Ex`oph*thal"mic (?), a. Of or pertaining to, or characterized by,
exophthalmia. Exophthalmic golter. Same as Rasedow's disease.
Exophthalmos, Exophthalmus
Ex`oph*thal"mos (?), Ex`oph*thal"mus (, n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as
Exophthalmia.
Exophthalmy
Ex`oph*thal"my (?), n. (Med.) Exophthalmia.
Exophyllous
Ex*oph"yl*lous (?), a. [Exo- + Gr. (Bot.) Not sheathed in another
leaf.
Exoplasm
Ex"o*plasm (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. (Biol.) See Ectosarc, and Ectoplasm.
Exopodite
Ex*op"o*dite (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l) The external branch of the
appendages of Crustacea.
Exoptable
Ex*op"ta*ble (?), a. [L. exoptabilis.] Very desirable. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exoptile
Ex*op"tile (?), n. [F., fr.Gr. (Bot.) A name given by Lestiboudois to
dicotyledons; -- so called because the plumule is naked.
Exrable
Ex"ra*ble (?), a. [L. exorabilis: cf. F. exorable. See Exorate.]
Capable of being moved by entreaty; pitiful; tender. Milton.
Exorate
Ex"o*rate (?), v. t. [L. exoratus, p. p. of exorare to gain by
entreaty; ex out, from + orare to pay.] To persuade, or to gain, by
entreaty. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Exoration
Ex`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L. exoratio.] Entreaty. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
Exorbitance, Exorbitancy
Ex*or"bi*tance (?), Ex*or"bi*tan*cy (?),, n. A going out of or beyond
the usual or due limit; hence, enormity; extravagance; gross deviation
from rule, right, or propriety; as, the exorbitances of the tongue or
of deportment; exorbitance of demands. "a curb to your exorbitancies."
Dryden.
The lamentable exorbitances of their superstitions. Bp. Hall.
Exorbitant
Ex*or"bi*tant (?), a. [L. exorbitans, -antis, p. pr. of exorbitare to
go out of the track; ex out + orbita track: cf. F. exorbitant. See
Orbit.]
1. Departing from an orbit or usual track; hence, deviating from the
usual or due course; going beyond the appointed rules or established
limits of right or propriety; excessive; extravagant; enormous;
inordinate; as, exorbitant appetites and passions; exorbitant charges,
demands, or claims.
Foul exorbitant desires. Milton.
2. Not comprehended in a settled rule or method; anomalous.
The Jews . . . [were] inured with causes exorbitant, and such as
their laws had not provided for. Hooker.
Exorbitantly
Ex*or"bi*tant*ly, adv. In an exorbitant, excessive, or irregular
manner; enormously.
Exorbitate
Ex*or"bi*tate (?), v. i. [L.exorbitatus, p.p. of exorbitare. See
Exorbitant.] To go out of the track; to deviate. [Obs.] Bentley.
Exorcise
Ex"or*cise (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exorcised ; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exorcising .] [L. exorcizare, Gr. exorciser.]
1. To cast out, as a devil, evil spirits, etc., by conjuration or
summoning by a holy name, or by certain ceremonies; to expel (a demon)
or to conjure (a demon) to depart out of a person possessed by one.
He impudently excorciseth devils in the church. Prynne.
2. To deliver or purify from the influence of an evil spirit or demon.
Exorcise the beds and cross the walls. Dryden.
Mr. Spectator . . . do all you can to exorcise crowds who are . . .
processed as I am. Spectator.
Exor-ciser
Ex"or-ci`ser (?), n. An exorcist.
Exorcism
Ex"or*cism (?), n. [L. exorcismus, Gr. ; cf. F. exorcisme.]
1. The act of exorcising; the driving out of evil spirits from persons
or places by conjuration; also, the form of conjuration used.
2. Conjuration for raising spirits. [R.] Shak.
Exor-cist
Ex"or-cist (?), n. [L. exorcista, Gr. exorciste.]
1. One who expels evil spirits by conjuration or exorcism.
Certain of the vagabond Jews, exorcists. Acts xix. 13.
2. A conjurer who can raise spirits. [R.]
Thou, like an exorcist, hast conjured up My mortified spirit. Shak.
Exordial
Ex*or"di*al (?), a. Pertaining to the exordium of a discourse:
introductory.
The exordial paragraph of the second epistle. I. Taylor.
Exordium
Ex*or"di*um (?), n.; pl. E. Exordiums (#), L. Exordia . [L. fr.
exordiri to begin a web, lay a warp, begin; ex out + ordiri to begin a
web, begin; akin to E. order. See Order.] A beginning; an
introduction; especially, the introductory part of a discourse or
written composition, which prepares the audience for the main subject;
the opening part of an oration. "The exordium of repentance." Jer.
Taylor. "Long prefaces and exordiums. " Addison.
Exorhiza
Ex`o*rhi"za (?), n.; pl. Exorhize (#). [NL. fr. Gr. (Bot.) A plant
Whose radicle is not inclosed or sheathed by the cotyledons or
plumule. Gray.
Exorhizal, Exorhizous
Ex`o*rhi"zal (?), Ex`o*rhi`zous (?), a. (Bot.) Having a radicle which
is not inclosed by the cotyledons or plumule; of or relating to an
exorhiza.
Exornation
Ex`or*na"tion (?), n. [L. exornatio, fr. exornare. See Ornate.]
Ornament; decoration; embellishment. [Obs.]
Hyperbolical exornations . . . many much affect. Burton.
Exortive
Ex*or`tive (?), a. [L. exortivus, fr. exortus a coming forth, rising;
ex out + orivi to rise, come forth.] Rising; relating to the east.
[R.]
Exosculate
Ex*os"cu*late (?), v. t. [L. exosculatus, p. p. of exosculari to kiss.
See Osculate.] To kiss; especially, to kiss repeatedly or fondly.
[Obs.]
Exoskeletal
Ex`o*skel"e*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the exoskeleton; as
exoskeletal muscles.
Exoskeleton
Ex`o*skel"e*ton (?), n. [Exo- + skeleton] (Anat.) The hardened parts
of the external integument of an animal, including hair, feathers,
nails, horns, scales, etc.,as well as the armor of armadillos and many
reptiles, and the shells or hardened integument of numerous
invertebrates; external skeleton; dermoskeleton.
Exosmose
Ex"os*mose` (?), n. [Exo+osmose: cf. F. ezosmose.] (Physics) The
passage of gases, vapors, or liquids thought membranes or porous media
from within outward, in the phenomena of osmose; -- opposed to
endosmose. See Osmose.
Exosmosis
Ex`os*mo"sis (?), n. [NL. See Exo-, and Osmose.] (Physics) See
Exosmose.
Exosmotic
Ex`os*mot`ic (?), a. Pertaining to exosmose.
Exospore
Ex`o*spore (?), n. [Exo+spote.] (Biol.) The extreme outer wall of a
spore; the epispore.
Exosstate
Ex*os"state (?), v. t. [L. exossatus, p. p. of exossare to bone , fr.
exos without bones; ex out + os, ossis, bone.] To deprive of bones; to
take out the bones of; to bone. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exossation
Ex`os*sa"tion (?), n. A depriving of bone or of fruit stones. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Exosse-ous
Ex*os"se-ous (?), a. [Ex + osseous.] Boneless. "Exosseous animals. "
Sir T. Browne.
Exostome
Ex"o*stome (?), n. [Exo- + Gr. exostome.] (Bot.) The small aperture or
foremen in the outer coat of the ovule of a plant.
Exostosis
Ex`os*to"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. exostose.]
1. (Med.) Any protuberance of a bone which is not natural; an
excrescence or morbid enlargement of a bone. Coxe.
2. (Bot.) A knot formed upon or in the wood of trees by disease.
Exoteric, Exoterical
Ex`o*ter"ic (?), Ex`o*ter"ic*al (?) a. [L. exotericus, Gr.
exot\'82rique. See Ex-] External; public; suitable to be imparted to
the public; hence, capable of being readily or fully comprehended; --
opposed to esoteric, or secret.
The foppery of an exoteric and esoteric doctrine. De Quincey.
Exoterics
Ex`o*ter`ics (?), n. pl. (Philos.) The public lectures or published
writings of Aristotle. See Esoterics.
Exotery
Ex"o*ter*y (?), n.; pl. Exoteries (-. That which is obvious, public,
or common.
Dealing out exoteries only to the vulgar. A. Tucker.
Exotheca
Ex`o*the"ca (?), n. [Nl., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The tissue which fills
the interspaces between the cost\'91 of many madreporarian corals,
usually consisting of small transverse or oblique septa.
Exotheci-um
Ex`o*the"ci-um (?), n. [NL. See Exotheca.] (Bot.) The outer coat of
the anther.
Exotic
Ex*ot"ic (?), a. [L. exoticus, Gr. exotique. See Exoteric.] Introduced
from a foreign country; not native; extraneous; foreign; as, an exotic
plant; an exotic term or word.
Nothing was so splendid and exotic as the ambassador. Evelyn.
Exotic
Ex*ot"ic (?), n. Anything of foreign origin; something not of native
growth, as a plant, a word, a custom.
Plants that are unknown to Italy, and such as the gardeners call
exotics. Addison.
Exotical
Ex*ot"ic*al (?), a. Foreign; not native; exotic. [R.] --
Ex*ot"ic*al*ness, n.
Exoticism
Ex*ot"i*cism (?), n. The state of being exotic; also, anything
foreign, as a word or idiom; an exotic.
Expand
Ex*pand" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expanded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Expanding.] [L. expandere, expansum; ex out + pandere to spread out,
to throw open; perh. akin to E. patent. Cf. Spawn.]
1. To lay open by extending; to open wide; to spread out; to diffuse;
as, a flower expands its leaves.
Then with expanded wings he steers his flight. Milton.
2. To cause the particles or parts of to spread themselves or stand
apart, thus increasing bulk without addition of substance; to make to
occupy more space; to dilate; to distend; to extend every way; to
enlarge; -- opposed to contract; as, to expand the chest; heat expands
all bodies; to expand the sphere of benevolence.
3. (Math.) To state in enlarged form; to develop; as, to expand an
equation. See Expansion, 5.
Expand
Ex*pand", v. i. To become widely opened, spread apart, dilated,
distended, or enlarged; as, flowers expand in the spring; metals
expand by heat; the heart expands with joy. Dryden.
Expander
Ex*pand"er (?), n. Anything which causes expansion esp. (Mech.) a tool
for stretching open or expanding a tube, etc.
Expanding
Ex*pand"ing, a. That expands, or may be expanded; extending;
spreading; enlarging. Expanding bit, Expanding drill (Mech.), a bit or
drill made adjustable for holes of various sizes; one which can be
expanded in diameter while boring. -- Expanding pulley (Mach.), a
pulley so made, as in sections, that its diameter can be increased or
diminished.
Expanse
Ex*panse" (?), n. [From L. expansus, p. p. of expandere. See Expand.]
That which is expanded or spread out; a wide extent of space or body;
especially, the arch of the sky. "The green expanse." Savage.
Lights . . . high in the expanse of heaven. Milton.
The smooth expanse of crystal lakes. Pope.
Expanse
Ex*panse", v. t. To expand. [Obs.]
That lies expansed unto the eyes of all. Sir. T. Browne.
Expansibility
Ex*pan`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The capacity of being expanded; as, the
expansibility of air.
Expabsible
Ex*pab"si*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. expansible.] Capable of being expanded
or spread out widely.
Bodies are not expansible in proposition to their weight.
Ex*pab"si*ble*ness ,n. -Ex*pan"si*bly ,adv.
Expansile
Ex*pan"sile (?), a. Expansible.
Ether and alcohol are more expansile than water. Brande & C.
Expansion
Ex*pan"sion (?), n. [L. expansio: cf. F. expansion.]
1. The act of expanding or spreading out; the condition of being
expanded; dilation; enlargement.
2. That which is expanded; expanse; extend surface; as the
expansion of a sheet or of a lake; the expansion was formed of
metal.
The starred expansion of the skies. Beattie.
3. Space thought which anything is expanded; also, pure space.
Lost in expansion, void and infinite. Blackmore.
4. (Com.) Enlargement or extension of business transaction; esp.,
increase of the circulation of bank notes.
5. (Math.) The developed result of an indicated operation; as, the
expansion of (a + b)2 is a2 + 2ab + b2.
6. (Steam Ebgine) The operation of steam in a cylinder after its
communication with the boiler has been cut off, by which it
continues to exert pressure upon the moving piston.
7. (Nav. Arch.) The enlargement of the ship mathematically from a
model or drawing to the full or building size, in the process of
construction. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
NOTE: &hand; Ex pansion is al so used adjectively, as in expansion
joint, expansion gear, etc.
Expansion curve, a curve the co\'94rdinates of which show the relation
between the pressure and volume of expanding gas or vapor; esp. (Steam
engine), that part of an indicator diagram which shows the declining
pressure of the steam as it expands in the cylinder. -- Expansion gear
(Stream Engine). a cut-off gear. See Illust. of Link motion. --
Automatic expansion gear OR cut-off, one that is regulated by the
governor, and varies the supply of steam to the engine with the demand
for power. -- Fixed expansion gear, OR Fixed cut-off, one that always
operates at the same fixed point of the stroke. -- Expansion joint, OR
Expansion coupling (Mech. & Engin.), a yielding joint or coupling for
so uniting parts of a machine or structure that expansion, as by heat,
is prevented from causing injurious strains; as by heat, is prevented
from causing injurious strains; as: (a) A side or set of rollers, at
the end of bridge truss, to support it but allow end play. (b) A
telescopic joint in a steam pipe, to permit one part of the pipe to
slide within the other. (c) A clamp for holding a locomotive frame to
the boiler while allowing lengthwise motion. -- Expansion valve (Steam
Engine), a cut-off valve, to shut off steam from the cylinder before
the end of each stroke.
Expansive
Ex*pan"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. expansif.] Having a capacity or tendency
to expand or dilate; diffusive; of much expanse; wide-extending; as,
the expansive force of heat; the expansive quality of air.
A more expansive and generous compassion. Eustace.
His forehead was broad and expansive. Prescott.
-- Ex*pan"sive*ly, adv. -Ex*pan"sive*ness, n.
Expansure
Ex*pan"sure (?shur; 135), n. Expanse. [Obs.] "Night's rich expansure."
Ex parte
Ex` par"te (?). [L. See Ex-, and Part.] Upon or from one side only;
one-sided; partial; as, an ex parte statement. Ex parte application,
one made without notice or opportunity to oppose. -- Ex parte council,
one that assembles at the request of only one of the parties in
dispute. -- Ex parte hearing OR evidence (Law), that which is had or
taken by one side or party in the absence of the other. Hearings
before grand juries, and affidavits, are ex parte. Wharton's Law Dict.
Burrill.
Expatiate
Ex*pa"ti*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Expatiated (?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Expariating (?).] [L. expatiatus, exspatiatus, p. p. of expatiari,
exspatiari, to expatiate; ex out + spatiari to walk about spread out,
fr. spatium space. See Space.]
1. To range at large, or without restraint.
Bids his free soul expatiate in the skies. Pope.
2. To enlarge in discourse or writing; to be copious in argument or
discussion; to descant.
He expatiated on the inconveniences of trade. Addison.
Expatiate
Ex*pa"ti*ate, v. t. To expand; to spread; to extend; to diffuse; to
broaden.
Afford art an ample field in which to expatiate itself. Dryden.
Expatiation
Ex*pa`ti*a"tion (?), n. Act of expatiating.
Expatiatory
Ex*pa"ti*a*to*ry (?), a. Expansive; diffusive. [R.]
Expatriate
Ex*pa"tri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expatriated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Expatriating (?).] [LL. expatriatus, p. p. of expatriare; L. ex out
+ patria fatherland, native land, fr. pater father. See Patriot.]
1. To banish; to drive or force (a person) from his own country; to
make an exile of.
The expatriated landed interest of France. Burke.
2. Reflexively, as To expatriate one's self: To withdraw from one's
native country; to renounce the rights and liabilities of citizenship
where one is born, and become a citizen of another country.
Expatriation
Ex*pa`tri*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. expatriation.] The act of banishing,
or the state of banishment; especially, the forsaking of one's own
country with a renunciation of allegiance.
Expatriation was a heavy ransom to pay for the rights of their
minds and souls. Palfrey.
Expect
Ex*pect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Expecting.] [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out
spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
1. To wait for; to await. [Obs.]
Let's in, and there expect their coming. Shak.
2. To look for (mentally); to look forward to, as to something that is
believed to be about to happen or come; to have a previous
apprehension of, whether of good or evil; to look for with some
confidence; to anticipate; -- often followed by an infinitive,
sometimes by a clause (with, or without, that); as I expect to receive
wages; I expect that the troops will be defeated. "Good: I will expect
you." Shak. "Expecting thy reply." Shak.
The Somersetshire or yellow regiment . . . was expected to arrive
on the following day. Macaulay.
Syn. -- To anticipate; look for; await; hope. -- To Expect, Think,
Believe, Await. Expect is a mental act and has aways a reference to
the future, to some coming event; as a person expects to die, or he
expects to survive. Think and believe have reference to the past and
present, as well as to the future; as I think the mail has arrived; I
believe he came home yesterday, that he is he is at home now. There is
a not uncommon use of expect, which is a confusion of the two; as, I
expect the mail has arrived; I expect he is at home. This misuse
should be avoided. Await is a physical or moral act. We await that
which, when it comes, will affect us personally. We expect what may,
or may not, interest us personally. See Anticipate.
Expect
Ex*pect", v. t. To wait; to stay. [Obs.] Sandys.
Expect
Ex*pect", n. Expectation. [Obs.] Shak.
Expectable
Ex*pect"a*ble (?), a. [L. expectabilis.] That may be expected or
looked for. Sir T. Browne.
Expectance, Expectancy
Ex*pect"ance (?), Ex*pect"an*cy (?), n.
1. The act of expecting ; expectation. Milton.
2. That which is expected, or looked or waited for with interest; the
object of expectation or hope.
The expectancy and rose of the fair state. Shak.
Estate in expectancy (Law), one the possession of which a person is
entitled to have at some future time, either as a remainder or
reversion, or on the death of some one. Burrill.
Expectant
Ex*pect"ant (?), a. [L.expectans, exspectans, p.pr. of expectare,
exspectare: cf. F. expectant.] Waiting in expectation; looking for;
(Med.) waiting for the efforts of nature, with little active
treatment. Expectant estate (Law), an estate in expectancy. See under
Expectancy.
Expectant
Ex*pect"ant, n. One who waits in expectation; one held in dependence
by hope of receiving some good.
An expectant of future glory. South.
Those who had employments, or were expectants. Swift.
Expectation
Ex`pec*ta"tion (?) n. [L. expectio. exspectio: cf. F. expectation.]
1. The act or state of expecting or looking forward to an event as
about to happen. "In expectation of a guest." Tennyson.
My soul, wait thou only upon God, for my expectation is from him.
Ps. lxii. 5.
2. That which is expected or looked for.
Why our great expectation should be called The seed of woman.
Milton.
3. The prospect of the future; grounds upon which something excellent
is expected to happen; prospect of anything good to come, esp. of c or
rank.
His magnificent expiations made him, in the opinion of the world,
the best much in Europe. Prescott.
By all men's eyes a youth of expectations. Otway.
4. The value of any chance (as the prospect of prize or property)
which depends upon some contingent event. Expectations are computed
for or against the occurrence of the event.
5. (Med.) The leaving of the disease principally to the efforts of
nature to effect a cure.
Expectation of life, the mean or average duration of the life
individuals after any specified age. Syn. -- Anticipation; confidence;
trust.
Expectative
Ex*pect"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. expectatif.] Constituting an object of
expectation; contingent. Expectative grace, a mandate given by the
pope or a prince appointing a successor to any benefice before it
becomes vacant. Foxe.
Expectative
Ex*pect"a*tive, n. [F. expectative, fr. expectatif expectant.]
Something in expectation; esp., an expectative grace. Milman.
Expectedly
Ex*pect"ed*ly, adv. In conformity with expectation. [R.] Walpole.
Expecter
Ex*pect"er (?), n. One who expects.
Expectingly
Ex*pect"ing*ly, adv. In state of expectation.
Expective
Ex*pect"ive (?), a. Expectative. [R.] Shipley.
Expectorant
Ex*pec"to*rant (?), a. [L. expectorans, p. pr. of expectorare to drive
from the breast: cf. F. expectorant.] (Med.) Tending to facilitate
expectoration or to promote discharges of mucus, etc., from the lungs
or throat. -- n. An expectorant medicine.
Expectorate
Ex*pec"to*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expectorated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Expectorating (?).] [L. expecrorare to drive from the breast; ex
out + pectus, pectiris, breast. See Pectoral.] To eject from the
trachea or lungs; to discharge, as phlegm or other matter, by
coughing, hawking, and spitting; to spit forth.
Expectorate
Ex*pec"to*rate, v. i. To discharge matter from the lungs or throat bu
hawking and spitting; to spit.
Expectoration
Ex*pec`to*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. expectoration.]
1. The act of ejecting phlegm or mucus from the throat or lungs, by
coughing, hawking, and spitting.
2. That which is expectorated, as phlegm or mucus.
Expectorative
Ex*pec"to*ra*tive (?), a. & n. Same as Expectorant. Harvey.
Expede
Ex*pede" (?) v. t. To expedite; to hasten. [Obs.]
Expediate
Ex*pe"di*ate (?), v. t. [Cf. F. exp\'82dier. See Expedite.] To hasten;
to expedite. [Obs.] "To expediate their business." Sir E. Sandys.
Expedience, Expediency
Ex*pe"di*ence (?), Ex*pe"di*en*cy (?),, n.
1. The quality of being expedient or advantageous; fitness or
suitableness to effect a purpose intended; adaptedness to
self-interest; desirableness; advantage; advisability; -- sometimes
contradistinguished from moral rectitude.
Divine wisdom discovers no expediency in vice. Cogan.
To determine concerning the expedience of action. Sharp.
Much declamation may be heard in the present day against
expediency, as if it were not the proper object of a deliberative
assembly, and as if it were only pursued by the unprincipled.
Whately.
2. Expedition; haste; dispatch. [Obs.]
Making hither with all due expedience. Shak.
3. An expedition; enterprise; adventure. [Obs.]
Forwarding this dear expedience. Shak.
Expedient
Ex*pe"di*ent (?) a. [L. expediens, -entis, p. pr. of expedire to be
expedient, release, extricate: cf. F. exp\'82dient. See Expedite.]
1. Hastening or forward; hence, tending to further or promote a
proposed object; fit or proper under the circumstances; conducive to
self-interest; desirable; advisable; advantageous; -- sometimes
contradistinguished from right.
It is expedient for you that I go away. John xvi. 7.
Nothing but the right can ever be expedient, since that can never
be true expediency which would sacrifice a greater good to a less.
Whately.
2. Quick; expeditious. [Obs.]
His marches are expedient to this town. Shak.
Expedient
Ex*pe"di*ent, n.
1. That which serves to promote or advance; suitable means to
accomplish an end.
What sure expedient than shall Juno find, To calm her fears and
ease her boding mind? Philips.
2. Means devised in an exigency; shift. Syn. -- Shift; contrivance;
resource; substitute.
Expediential
Ex*pe`di*en"tial (?). Governed by expediency; seeking advantage; as an
expediential policy. "Calculating, expediential understanding." Hare.
-- Ex*pe`di*en"tial*ly , adv.
Expediently
Ex*pe"di*ent*ly (?) adv.
1. In an expedient manner; fitly; suitably; conveniently.
2. With expedition; quickly. [Obs.]
Expediment
Ex*ped"i*ment (?) n. An expedient. [Obs.]
A like expediment to remove discontent. Barrow.
Expeditate
Ex*ped"i*tate (?), v. t. [LL. expeditatus, p. p. of expeditare to
expeditate; ex out + pes, pedis, foot.] (Eng. Forest Laws) To deprive
of the claws or the balls of the fore feet; as, to expeditate a dog
that he may not chase deer.
Expedite
Ex"pe*dite (?), a. [L. expeditus, p. p. of expedire to free one caught
by the foot, to extricate, set free, bring forward, make ready; ex out
+ pes, prdis, t. See Foot.]
1. Free of impediment; unimpeded.
To make the way plain and expedite. Hooker.
2. Expeditious; quick; speedily; prompt.
Nimble and expedite . . . in its operation. Tollotson.
Speech is a very short and expedite way of conveying their
thoughts. Locke.
Expedite
Ex"pe*dite, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expedited (?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Expediting (?).]
1. To relieve of impediments; to facilitate; to accelerate the process
or progress of; to hasten; to quicken; as, to expedite the growth of
plants.
To expedite your glorious march. Milton.
2. To despatch; to send forth; to issue officially.
Such charters be expedited of course. Bacon.
Expeditely
Ex"pe*dite`ly (?), adv. In expedite manner; expeditiously.
Expediteness
Ex"pe*dite`ness, n. Quality of being expedite.
Expedition
Ex`pe*di"tion (?), n. [L. expeditio: cf.F. exp\'82dition.]
1. The quality of being expedite; efficient promptness; haste;
dispatch; speed; quickness; as to carry the mail with expedition.
With winged expedition
Swift as the lightning glance.
2. A sending forth or setting forth the execution of some object of
consequence; progress.
Putting it straight in expedition.
3. An important enterprise, implying a change of place; especially,
a warlike enterprise; a march or a voyage with martial intentions;
an excursion by a body of persons for a valuable end; as, a
military, naval, exploring, or scientific expedition; also, the
body of persons making such excursion.
The expedition miserably failed. Prescott.
Narrative of the exploring expedition to the Rocky Mountains. J. C.
Fremont.
Expeditionary
Ex`pe*di"tion*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to an expedition; as,
an expeditionary force.
Expeditoinist
Ex`pe*di"toin*ist, n. One who goes upon an expedition. [R].
Expeditious
Ex`pe*di"tious (?), a. Possessed of, or characterized by,
expedition, or efficiency and rapidity in action; performed with,
or acting with, expedition; quick; having celerity; speedily; as,
an expeditious march or messenger. -- Ex`pe*di"tious*ly, adv. --
Ex`pe*di"tious*ness, n. Syn. -- Prompt; ready; speedy; alert. See
Prompt.
Expeditive
Ex*ped"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. exp\'82ditif.] Performing with speed.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Expel
Ex*pel" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expelled (?), p. pr. & vb. n..
Expelling.] [L. expellere, expulsum; ex out + pellere to drive:
cf.F. expeller. See Pulse a beat.]
1. To drive or force out from that within which anything is
contained, inclosed, or situated; to eject; as to expel air from a
bellows.
Did not ye . . . expel me out of my father's house?
Judg. Xi. 7.
2. To drive away from one's country; to banish.
Forewasted all their land, and them expelled. Spenser.
.
He shell expel them from before you . . . and ye shell possess
their land. Josh. xxiii. 5.
3. To cut off from further connection with an institution of
learning, a society, and the like; as, to expel a student or
member.
4. To keep out, off, or away; to exclude. "To expel the winter's
flaw." Shak.
5. To discharge; to shoot. [Obs.]
Then he another and another [shaft] did expel. Spenser.
. Syn. -- To banish; exile; eject; drive out. See Banish.
Expellable
Ex*pel"la*ble (?), a. Capable of being expelled or driven out.
"Expellable by heat." Kirwan.
Expeller
Ex*pel"ler (?), n. One who. or that which, expels.
Expend
Ex*pend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expended; p. pr. & vb. n.
Expending.] [L. expendere, expensum, to weigh out, pay out, lay
out, lay out; ex out + pendere to weigh. See Poise, and cf. Spend.]
To lay out, apply, or employ in any way; to consume by use; to use
up or distribute, either in payment or in donations; to spend; as,
they expend money for food or in charity; to expend time labor, and
thought; to expend hay in feeding cattle, oil in a lamp, water in
mechanical operations.
If my death might make this island happy . . . I would expend it
with all willingness. Shak.
Expend
Ex*pend", v. i.
1. To be laid out, used, or consumed.
2. To pay out or disburse money.
They go elsewhere to enjoy and to expend. Macaulay
.
Expenitor
Ex*pen"i*tor (?), n. [LL.] (O. Eng. Law) A disburser; especially,
one of the disbursers of taxes for the repair of sewers. Mozley &
W.
Expenditure
Ex*pend"iture (?), n.
1. The act of expending; a laying out, as of money; disbursement.
our expenditure purchased commerce and conquest. Burke.
2. That which is expended or paid out; expense.
The receipts and expenditures of this extensive country. A.
Hamilton.
Expense
Ex*pense" (?), n. [L. expensa (sc. pecunia), or expensum, fr.
expensus, p. p. of expendere. See Expend.]
1. A spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure.
Husband nature's riches from expense. Shak.
2. That which is expended, laid out, or consumed; cost; outlay;
charge; -- sometimes with the notion of loss or damage to those on
whom the expense falls; as, the expenses of war; an expense of
time.
Courting popularity at his party's expense. Brougham.
3. Loss. [Obs.] Shak.
And moan the expense of many a vanished sight. Spenser.
Expense magazine
(Mil.), a small magazine containing ammunition for immediate use.
H. L. Scott.
Expensefull
Ex*pense"full (?), a. Full of expense; costly; chargeable. [R.] Sir
H. Wotton. -- Ex*pense"ful*ly, adv. [R.] -- Ex*pense"ful*ness, n.
[R.]
Expenseless
Ex*pense"less, a. Without cost or expense.
Expensive
Ex*pen"sive (?), a.
1. Occasioning expense; calling for liberal outlay; costly; dear;
liberal; as, expensive dress; an expensive house or family.
War is expensive, and peace desirable. Burke.
2. Free in expending; very liberal; especially, in a bad scene;
extravagant; lavish. [R.]
An active, expensive, indefatigable goodness. Sprat.
The idle and expensive are dangerous. Sir W. Temple.
Syn. -- Costly; dear; high-priced; lavish; extravagant. --
Ex*pen"sive*ly, adv. -- Ex*pen"sive*ness, n.
Experience
Ex*pe"ri*ence (?), n. [F. exp\'82rience, L. experientia, tr.
experiens, , p. pr. of experiri, expertus, to try; ex out + the
root of pertus experienced. See Peril, and cf. Expert.]
1. Trial, as a test or experiment. [Obs.]
She caused him to make experience Upon wild beasts. Spenser.
2. The effect upon the judgment or feelings produced by any event,
whether witnessed or participated in; personal and direct
impressions as contrasted with description or fancies; personal
acquaintance; actual enjoyment or suffering. "Guided by other's
experiences." Shak.
I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the
lamp of experience. P. Henry
To most men experience is like the stern lights of a ship, which
illumine only the track it has passed. Coleridge.
When the consuls . . . came in . . . they knew soon by experience
how slenderly guarded against danger the majesty of rulers is where
force is wanting. Holland.
Those that undertook the religion of our Savior upon his preaching,
had no experience of it. Sharp.
3. An act of knowledge, one or more, by which single facts or
general truths are ascertained; experimental or inductive
knowledge; hence, implying skill, facility, or practical wisdom
gained by personal knowledge, feeling or action; as, a king without
experience of war.
Whence hath the mind all the materials of reason and knowledge? To
this I answer in one word, from experience. Locke.
Experience may be acquired in two ways; either, first by noticing
facts without any attempt to influence the frequency of their
occurrence or to vary the circumstances under which they occur;
this is observation; or, secondly, by putting in action causes or
agents over which we have control, and purposely varying their
combinations, and noticing what effects take place; this is
experiment. Sir J. Herschel.
Exrerience
Ex*re"ri*ence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Experienced (-enst); p. pr. &
vb. n. Experiencing (-en-s?ng).]
1. To make practical acquaintance with; to try personally; to prove
by use or trial; to have trial of; to have the lot or fortune of;
to have befall one; to be affected by; to feel; as, to experience
pain or pleasure; to experience poverty; to experience a change of
views.
The partial failure and disappointment which he had experienced in
India. Thirwall.
2. To exercise; to train by practice.
The youthful sailors thus with early care
Their arms experience, and for sea prepare. Harte.
To experience religion
(Theol.), to become a convert to the diatribes of Christianity; to
yield to the power of religions truth.
Experienced
Ex*pe"ri*enced (-enst), p. p. & a. Taught by practice or by
repeated observations; skillful or wise by means of trials, use, or
observation; as, an experienced physician, workman, soldier; an
experienced eye.
The ablest and most experienced statesmen. Bancroft.
Experiencer
Ex*pe"ri*en*cer (-en-s?r), n.
1. One who experiences.
2. An experimenter. [Obs.] Sir. K. Gigby.
Experient
Ex*pe"ri*ent (-ent), a. Experienced. [Obs.]
The prince now ripe and full experient. Beau & Fl.
Experiential
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial (?), a. Derived from, or pertaining to,
experience. Coleridge.
It is called empirical or experiential . . . because it is divan to
us by experience or observation, and not obtained as the result of
inference or reasoning. Sir. W. Hamiltion.
-- Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ly, adv. DR. H. More.
Experientialism
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ism (?), n. (Philos.) The doctrine that
experience, either that ourselves or of others, is the test or
criterion of general knowledge; -- opposed to intuitionists.
Experientialism is in short, a philosophical or logical theory, not
a philosophical one. G. C. Robertson.
Experientiallist
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*list, n. One who accepts the doctrine of
experientialism. Also used adjectively.
Experiment
Ex*per"i*ment (?), n. [L. experimentum, fr. experiri to try: cf.
OF. esperiment, experiment. See Experience.]
1. Atrial or special observation, made to confirm or disprove
something doubtful; esp., one under conditions determined by the
experimenter; an act or operation undertaken in order to discover
some unknown principle or effect, or to test, establish, or
illustrate some suggest or known truth; practical test; poof.
A political experiment can not be made in a laboratory, not
determinant in a few hours. J. Adams.
2. Experience. [Obs.]
Adam, by sad experiment I know How little weight my words with thee
can find. Milton.
Experiment
Ex*per"i*ment (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Experimented; p. pr. & vb.
n. Experinenting.] To make experiment; to operate by test or trial;
-- often with on, upon, or in, referring to the subject of an
experiment; with, referring to the instrument; and by, referring to
the means; as, to experiment upon electricity; he experimented in
plowing with ponies, or by steam power.
Experiment
Ex*per"i*ment, v.t, To try; to know, perceive, or prove, by trial
experience. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
Experimental
Ex*per`i*men"tal (?), a. [Cf.F. exp\'82rimental.]
1. Pertaining to experiment; founded on, or derived from,
experiment or trial; as, experimental science; given to, or skilled
in, experiment; as, an experimental philosopher.
2. Known by, or derived from, experience; as, experimental
religion.
Experimetalist
Ex*per`i*me"tal*ist, n. One who makes experiments; an experimenter.
Whaterly.
Experimentalize
Ex*per`i*men"tal*ize (?), v. i. To make experiments (upon); to
experiment. J. S. Mill.
Experimentally
Ex*per`i*men"tal*ly (?), adv. By experiment; by experience or
trial. J. S. Mill.
Experimentarian
Ex*per`i*men*ta"ri*an (?), a. Relying on experiment or experience.
"an experimentarian philosopher." Boyle. -- n. One who relies on
experiment or experience. [Obs.]
Experimentation
Ex*per`i*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act of experimenting; practice by
experiment. J. S. Mill.
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Ex-peri-mentative
Ex-per`i-men"ta*tive (?), a. Experimental; of the nature of
experiment. [R.]
Experimentator
Ex*per"i*men*ta`tor (?), n. [LL.] An experimenter. [R.]
Experimenter
Ex*per"i*men`ter (?), n. One who makes experiments; one skilled in
experiments. Faraday.
Experimentist
Ex*per"i*men`tist (?), n. An experimenter.
Experrection
Ex`per*rec"tion (?), n. [L. expergisci, p. p. experrectus, to rose
up; ex out + pergere to wake up.] A waking up or arousing. [Obs.]
Holland
Expert
Ex*pert" (?), a. [F. expert, L. expertus, p. p. of experiri to try.
See Experience.] Taught by use, practice, or experience,
experienced; having facility of operation or performance from
practice; knowing and ready from much practice; clever; skillful;
as, an expert surgeon; expert in chess or archery.
A valiant and most expert gentleman. Shak.
What practice, howsoe'er expert In fitting aptest words to things .
. . Hath power to give thee as thou wert? Tennison.
Syn. -- Adroit; dexterous; clever; ready; prompt.
Expert
Ex"pert (?), n.
1. An expert or experienced person; one instructed by experience;
one who has skill, experience, or extensive knowledge in his
calling or in any special branch of learning.
2. (Law) (a) A specialist in a particular profession or department
of science requiring for its mastery peculiar culture and
erudition.
NOTE: &hand; Su ch sp ecialists ma y be witnesses in matters as to
which ordinary observers could not without such aid form just
conclusions, and are liable for negligence in case they injure
another from want of proper qualifications or proper care in the
exercise of their specialty.
(b) A sworn appraiser.
Expert
Ex*pert" (?), v. t. To experience. [Obs.]
Die would we daily, once it to expert. Spencer.
Expertly
Ex*pert"ly, adv. In a skillful or dexterous manner; adroitly; with
readiness and accuracy.
Expertness
Ex*pert"ness, n. Skill derived from practice; readiness; as,
expertness in seamanship, or in reasoning. Syn. -- Facility;
readiness; dexterity; adroitness; skill. See Facility.
Expetible
Ex*pet"ible (?), a. [L., expetibilis, fr. expetere to wish for; ex
out + petere to seek.] Worthy of being wished for; desirable.
[Obs.] Puller.
Expiable
Ex"pi*a*ble (?), a. [See Expiate.] Capable of being expiated or
atoned for; as, an expiable offense; expiable guilt. Bp. Hall.
Expiate
Ex"pi*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expiated(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Expiating(?).] [L. expiatus, p.p. of expiare to expiate; ex out +
piare to seek to appease, to purify with sacred rites, fr. pius
pious. See Pious.]
1. To extinguish the guilt of by sufferance of penalty or some
equivalent; to make complete satisfaction for; to atone for; to
make amends for; to make expiation for; as, to expiate a crime, a
guilt, or sin.
To expiate his treason, hath naught left. Milton.
The Treasurer obliged himself to expiate the injury. Clarendon.
2. To purify with sacred rites. [Obs.]
Neither let there be found among you any one that shall expiate his
son or daughter, making them to pass through the fire. Deut. xviii.
10 (Douay version)
Expiate
Ex"pi*ate (?), a. [L. expiatus,p.p] Terminated. [Obs.] Shak.
Expiation
Ex`pi*a"tion (?), n. [L. expiatio: cf.F. expiation]
1. The act of making satisfaction or atonement for any crime or
fault; the extinguishing of guilt by suffering or penalty.
His liberality seemed to have something in it of self-abasement and
expiation. W. Irving.
2. The means by which reparation or atonement for crimes or sins is
made; an expiatory sacrifice or offering; an atonement.
Those shadowy expiations weak, The blood of bulls and goats.
Milton.
3. An act by which the treats of prodigies were averted among the
ancient heathen. [Obs.] Hayward.
Expiatist
Ex"pi*a*tist (?), n. An expiator. [R.]
Expiator
Ex"pi*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who makes expiation or atonement.
Expiatorious
Ex`pi*a*to"ri*ous (?), a. Of an expiatory nature; expiatory. Jer.
Taylor.
Expiatory
Ex"pi*a*to*ry (?), a. [L. expiatorius: cf. F. expiatoire.] Having
power, or intended, to make expiation; atoning; as, an expiatory
sacrifice.
Expilation
Ex`pi*la"tion (?), n. [L. expiatio.] The act of expilating or
stripping off; plunder; pillage. [Obs.]
This ravenous expiation of the state. Daniel.
Expilator
Ex"pi*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who pillages; a plunderer; a
pillager. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Expirable
Ex*pir"a*ble (?), a. That may expire; capable of being brought to
an end.
Expirant
Ex*pir"ant (?), n. One who expires or is expiring.
Expiration
Ex`pi*ra"tion (?), n. [L. expiratio,exspiratio: cf. F. expiration.
See Expire.]
1. The act of expiring; as: (a)(Physiol.) The act or process of
breathing out, or forcing air from the lungs through the nose or
mouth; as, respiration consists of inspiration and expiration; --
opposed to inspiration. (b) Emission of volatile matter;
exhalation.
The true cause of cold is an expiration from the globe of the
earth. Bacon.
(c) The last emission of breath; death. "The groan of expiration."
Rambler. (d) A coming to a close; cessation; extinction;
termination; end.
Before the expiration of thy time. Shak.
2. That which is expired; matter breathed forth; that which is
produced by breathing out, as a sound.
The aspirate "he," which is . . . a gentle expiration. G. Sharp.
Expiratory
Ex*pir"a*to*ry (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to, or employed in,
the expiration or emission of air from the lungs; as, the
expiratory muscles.
Expire
Ex*pire" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expired (?);p. pr & vb. n.
Expiring.] [L. expirare, exspirare, expiratum, exspiratum; ex out +
spirare to breathe: cf. F. expirer. See Spirit.]
1. To breathe out; to emit from the lungs; to throw out from the
mouth or nostrils in the process of respiration; -- opposed to
inspire.
Anatomy exhibits the lungs in a continual motion of inspiring and
expiring air. Harvey.
This chafed the boar; his nostrils flames expire. Dryden.
2. To give forth insensibly or gently, as a fluid or vapor; to emit
in minute particles; to exhale; as, the earth expires a damp vapor;
plants expire odors.
The expiring of cold out of the inward parts of the earth in
winter. Bacon.
3. To emit; to give out. [Obs.] Dryden.
4. To bring to a close; to terminate. [Obs.]
Expire the term Of a despised life. Shak.
Expire
Ex*pire", v. i.
1. To emit the breath.
2. To emit the last breath; to breathe out the life; to die; as, to
expire calmly; to expire in agony.
3. To come to an end; to cease; to terminate; to perish; to become
extinct; as, the flame expired; his lease expires to-day; the month
expired on Saturday.
4. To burst forth; to fly out with a blast. [Obs.] "The ponderous
ball expires." Dryden.
Expiring
Ex*pir"ing (?), a.
1. Breathing out air from the lungs; emitting fluid or volatile
matter; exhaling; breathing the last breath; dying; ending;
terminating.
2. Pertaining to, or uttered at, the time of dying; as, expiring
words; expiring groans.
Expiry
Ex"pi*ry (?), n. Expiration.
He had to leave at the expiry of the term. Lamb.
The Parliament . . . now approaching the expiry of its legal term.
J. Morley.
Expiscate
Ex*pis"cate (?), v. t. [L. expiscatus, p.p. of expiscari to fish
out; ex out+piscari to fish, piscis fish.] To fish out; to find out
by skill or laborious investigation; to search out. "To expiscate
principles." [R.] Nichol.
Dr.Burton has with much ingenuity endeavord to expiscate the truth
which may be involved in them. W. L. Alexander.
Expiscation
Ex`pis*ca"tion (?), n. The act of expiscating; a fishing. [R.]
Chapman.
Expiscatory
Ex*pis"ca*to*ry (?), a. Tending to fish out; searching out [R.]
Carlyle.
Explain
Ex*plain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Explained(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Explaining.] [L. explandare to flatten, spread out, explain; ex
out+plandare to make level or plain, planus plain: cf. OF.
esplaner, explaner. See Plain,a., and cf. Esplanade.]
1. To flatten; to spread out; to unfold; to expand. [Obs.]
The horse-chestnut is . . . ready to explain its leaf. Evelyn.
2. To make plain, manifest, or intelligible; to clear of obscurity;
to expound; to unfold and illustrate the meaning of; as, to explain
a chapter of the Bible.
Commentators to explain the difficult passages to you. Gay.
To explain away
, to get rid of by explanation. "Those explain the meaning quite
"away." Pope. Syn. -- To expound; interpret; elucidate; clear up.
Explain
Ex*plain", v. i. To give an explanation.
Explainable
Ex*plain"a*ble (?), a. [L. explainabilis.] Capable of being
explained or made plain to the understanding; capable of being
interpreted. Sir. T. Browne.
Explainer
Ex*plain"er (?), n. One who explains; an expounder or expositor; a
commentator; an interpreter.
Explanate
Ex"pla*nate, a. [L. explanatus, p.p. of explanare. See Explain.]
(Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Spreading or extending outwardly in a flat form.
Explanation
Ex`pla*na"tion (?), n. [L. explanatio: cf. OF. esplanation.]
1. The act of explaining, expounding, or interpreting; the act of
clearing from obscurity and making intelligible; as, the
explanation of a passage in Scripture, or of a contract or treaty.
2. That which explains or makes clear; as, a satisfactory
explanation.
3. The meaning attributed to anything by one who explains it;
definition; inerpretation; sense.
Different explanations [of the Trinity]. Bp. Burnet.
4. A mutual exposition of terms, meaning, or motives, with a view
to adjust a misunderstanding, and reconcile differences;
reconciliation; agreement; as, to come to an explanation. Syn. --
Definition; description; explication; exposition; interpretation;
detail. See Definition.
Explanative
Ex*plan"a*tive (?), a. Explanatory.
Explanatoriness
Ex*plan"a*to*ri*ness (?), n. The quality of being explanatory.
Explanatory
Ex*plan"a*to*ry (?), a. [L. explanatorius.] Serving to explain;
containing explanation; as explanatory notes. Swift.
Explat, Explate
Ex*plat" (?), Ex*plate" (?), v. t. [Pref. ex-+plat or plait.] To
explain; to unfold. [Obs.]
Like Solon's self explatest the knotty laws. B. Jonson.
Expletion
Ex*ple"tion (?), n. [L. expletio a satisfying. See Expletive.]
Accomplishment; fulfillment. [Obs.] Killingbeck.
Expletive
Ex"ple*tive (?), a. [L. expletivus, from expletus, p.p. of explere
to fill up; ex out+plere to fill, akin to plenus full: cf. F.
expl\'82tif. See Full.] Filling up; hence, added merely for the
purpose of filling up; superfluous. "Expletive imagery." Hallam.
Expletive phrases to plump his speech. Barrow.
Expletive
Ex"ple*tive, n. A word, letter, or syllable not necessary to the
sense, but inserted to fill a vacancy; an oath.
While explectives their feeble aid to join, And ten low words oft
creep in one dull line. Pope.
Expletively
Ex"ple*tive*ly, adv. In the manner of an expletive.
Expletory
Ex"ple*to*ry (?), a. Serving to fill up; expletive; superfluous;
as, an expletory word. Bp. Burnet.
Explicable
Ex"pli*ca*ble (?), a. [L. explicabilis: cf. F. explicable.] Capable
of being explicated; that may be explained or accounted for;
admitting explanation.
It is not explicable upon any grounds. Burke.
Explicableness
Ex"pli*ca*ble*ness, n. Quality of being explicable.
Explicate
Ex"pli*cate (?), a. [L. explicatus, p.p. of explicare.] Evolved;
unfolded. Jer. Taylor.
Explicate
Ex"pli*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Explicated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Explicating(?).]
1. To unfold; to expand; to lay open. [Obs.] "They explicate the
leaves." Blackmore.
2. To unfold the meaning or sense of; to explain; to clear of
difficulties or obscurity; to interpret.
The last verse of his last satire is not yet sufficiently
explicated. Dryden.
Explication
Ex`pli*ca"tion (?), n. [L. explicatio: cf. F. explication.]
1. The act of opening, unfolding, or explaining; explanation;
exposition; interpretation.
The explication of our Savior's parables. Atterbury.
2. The sense given by an expositor. Bp. Burnet.
Explicative
Ex"pli*ca*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. explicatif.] Serving to unfold or
explain; tending to lay open to the understanding; explanatory. Sir
W. Hamilton.
Explicator
Ex"pli*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] One who unfolds or explains; an
expounder; an explainer.
Explicatory
Ex"pli*ca`to*ry (?), a. Explicative. Barrow.
Explicit
Ex"pli*cit (?). [LL., an abbreviation of explicitus (est liber) the
book (which anciently was a roll of parchment) is unfolded (and, of
course, "finished"). See Explicit, a.] A word formerly used (as
finis is now) at the conclusion of a book to indicate the end.
Explicit
Ex*plic"it (?), a. [L. explicitus; p.p. of explicare to unfold: cf.
F. explicite. See Explicate, Exploit.]
1. Not implied merely, or conveyed by implication; distinctly
stated; plain in language; open to the understanding; clear; not
obscure or ambiguous; express; unequivocal; as, an explicit
declaration.
The language of the charter was too explicit to admit of a doubt.
Bancroft.
2. Having no disguised meaning or reservation; unreserved;
outspoken; -- applied to persons; as, he was earnest and explicit
in his statement.
Explicit function. (Math.) See under Function. Syn. -- Express; clear;
plain; open; unreserved; unambiguous. -- Explicit, Express. Explicit
denotes a setting forth in the plainest, language, so that the meaning
can not be misunderstood; as, an explicit promise. Express is stronger
than explicit: it adds force to clearness. An express promise or
engagement is not only unambiguous, but stands out in bold relief,
with the most binding hold on the conscience. An explicit statement; a
clear and explicit notion; explicit direction; no words can be more
explicit. An explicit command; an express prohibition. "An express
declaration goes forcibly and directly to the point. An explicit
declaration leaves nothing ambiguous." C. J. Smith.
Explicitly
Ex*plic"it*ly (?), adv. In an explicit manner; clearly; plainly;
without disguise or reservation of meaning; not by inference or
implication; as, he explicitly avows his intention.
Explicitness
Ex*plic"it*ness, n. The quality of being explicit; clearness;
directness. Jer. Taylor.
Explode
Ex*plode" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Exploded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exploding.] [L. explodere, explosum, to drive out, drive out a player
by clapping; ex out+plaudere, plodere, to clap, strike, applaud: cf.
OF. exploder. See Plausible.]
1. To become suddenly expanded into a great volume of gas or vapor; to
burst violently into flame; as gunpowder explodes.
2. To burst with force and a loud report; to detonate, as a shell
filled with powder or the like material, or as a boiler from too great
pressure of steam.
3. To burst forth with sudden violence and noise; as, at this, his
wrath exploded.
Explode
Ex*plode", v. t.
1. To drive from the stage by noisy expressions of disapprobation; to
hoot off; to drive away or reject noisily; as, to explode a play.
[Obs.]
Him old and young Exploded, and seized with violent hands. Milton.
2. To bring into disrepute, and reject; to drive from notice and
acceptance; as, to explode a scheme, fashion, or doctrine.
Old exploded contrivances of mercantile fraud. Burke.
To explode and exterminate dark atheism. Bently.
3. To cause to explode or burst noisily; to detonate; as, to explode
powder by touching it with fire.
4. To drive out with violence and noise, as by powder.
But late the kindled powder did explode The massy ball and the
brass tube unload. Blackmore.
Explodent
Ex*plod"ent (?), n.
1. An instrument or agent causing explosion; an exploder; also, an
explosive.
2. See Explosive, n.,
2.
Exploder
Ex*plod"er (?), n.
1. One who or that which explodes.
2. One who rejects an opinion or scheme with open contempt. South.
Exploit
Ex*ploit" (?), n. [OE. esploit success, OF. esploit, espleit,revenue,
product, vigor, force, exploit, F. exploit exploit, fr. L. explicitum,
prop. p.p. neut. of explicare to unfold, display, exhibit; ex+plicare
to fold. See Ply, and cf. Explicit, Explicate.]
1. A deed or act; especially, a heroic act; a deed of renown; an
adventurous or noble achievement; as, the exploits of Alexander the
Great.
Ripe for exploits and mighty enterprises. Shak.
2. Combat; war. [Obs.]
He made haste to exploit some warlike service. Holland.
2. [F. exploiter.] To utilize; to make available; to get the value or
usefulness out of; as, to exploit a mine or agricultural lands; to
exploit public opinion. [Recent]
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3. Hence: To draw an illegitimate profit from; to speculate on; to put
upon. [Recent]
In no sense whatever does a man who accumulates a fortune by
legitimate industry exploit his employ\'82s or make his capital
"out of" anybody else. W. G. Sumner.
Exploitation
Ex`ploi*ta"tion (?), n. [F.] The act of exploiting or utilizing. J. D.
Whitney.
Exploiture
Ex*ploi"ture (?; 135), n.
1. The act of exploiting or accomplishing; achievement. [Obs.] Udall.
2. Exploitation. Harper's Mag.
Explorable
Ex*plor"a*ble (?), a. That may be explored; as, an explorable region.
Explorate
Ex*plo"rate (?), v. t. [L. explorare, exploratum.] To explore. [Obs.]
Sir. T. Browne.
Exploration
Ex`plo*ra"tion (?), n. [L. exploratio: cf. F. exploration.] The act of
exploring, penetrating, or ranging over for purposes of discovery,
especially of geographical discovery; examination; as, the exploration
of unknown countries; (Med.) physical examination.
"An exploration of doctrine." Bp. Hall.
Explorative
Ex*plor"a*tive (?), a. Exploratory.
Explorator
Ex"plo*ra`tor (?), n. [L.] One who explores; one who examines closely;
a searcher.
Exploratory
Ex*plor"a*to*ry (?), a. [L. exploratorius.] Serving or intended to
explore; searching; examining; explorative. Sir H. Wotton.
Explore
Ex*plore" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Explored(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Exploring.] [L. explorare to explore; ex out+plorare to cry out
aloud,prob. orig., to cause to flow; perh. akin to E. flow: cf. F.
explorer.]
1. To seek for or after; to strive to attain by search; to look wisely
and carefully for. [Obs.]
Explores the lost, the wandering sheep directs. Pope.
2. To search through or into; to penetrate or range over for
discovery; to examine thoroughly; as, to explore new countries or
seas; to explore the depths of science. "Hidden frauds [to] explore."
Dryden.
Explorement
Ex*plore"ment, n. The act of exploring; exploration. [R.] Sir T.
Browne.
Explorer
Ex*plor"er (?), n. One who explores; also, an apparatus with which one
explores, as a diving bell.
Eploring
Eplor"ing, a. Employed in, or designed for, exploration. "Exploring
parties." Bancroft.
Explosion
Ex*plo"sion (?), n. [L. explosio a driving off by clapping: cf. F.
explosion explosion. See Explode.]
1. The act of exploding; detonation; a chemical action which causes
the sudden formation of a great volume of expanded gas; as, the
explosion of gunpowder, of fire damp,etc.
2. A bursting with violence and loud noise, because of internal
pressure; as, the explosion of a gun, a bomb, a steam boiler, etc.
3. A violent outburst of feeling, manifested by excited language,
action, etc.; as, an explosion of wrath.
A formidable explosion of high-church fanaticism. Macaulay.
Explosive
Ex*plo"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. explosif.] Driving or bursting out with
violence and noise; causing explosion; as, the explosive force of
gunpowder.
Explosive
Ex*plo"sive, n.
1. An explosive agent; a compound or mixture susceptible of a rapid
chemical reaction, as gunpowder, or nitro-glycerine.
2. A sound produced by an explosive impulse of the breath; (Phonetics)
one of consonants p, b, t, d, k, g, which are sounded with a sort of
explosive power of voice.
NOTE: [See Guide to Pronunciation, &root; 155-7, 184.]
Explosively
Ex*plo"sive*ly, adv. In an explosive manner.
Expoliation
Ex*po`li*a"tion (?), n. See Exspoliation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Expolish
Ex*pol"ish (?), v. t. [Cf. L. expolire. See Polish.] To polish
thoroughly. [Obs.] Heywood.
Expone
Ex*pone" (?), v. t. [OE. exponen. See Expound.] To expound; to
explain; also, to expose; to imperil. [Old Eng. & Scotch] Drummond.
Exponent
Ex*po"nent (?), n. [L. exponens, -entis, p. pr. of exponere to put
out, set forth, expose. See Expound.]
1. (Alg.) A number, letter, or any quantity written on the right hand
of and above another quantity, and denoting how many times the latter
is repeated as a factor to produce the power indicated;
NOTE: thus a2 denotes the second power, and an the xth power, of a
(2 and x being the exponents). A fractional exponent, or index, is
used to denote the root of a quantity. Thus, a denotes the third or
cube root of a.
2. One who, or that which, stands as an index or representative; as,
the leader of a party is the exponent of its principles.
Exponent of a ratio, the quotient arising when the antecedent is
divided by the consequent; thus, 6 is the exponent of the ratio of 30
to 5. [R.]
Exponential
Ex`po*nen"tial (?), a. [Cf. F. exponentiel.] Pertaining to exponents;
involving variable exponents; as, an exponential expression;
exponential calculus; an exponential function. Exponential curve, a
curve whose nature is defined by means of an exponential equation. --
Exponential equation, an equation which contains an exponential
quantity, or in which the unknown quantity enters as an exponent. --
Exponential quantity (Math.), a quantity whose exponent is unknown or
variable, as ax. -- Exponential series, a series derived from the
development of exponential equations or quantities.
Export
Ex*port" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exported; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exporting.] [L. exportare, exportatum; ex out+portare to carry : cf.
F. exporter. See Port demeanor.]
1. To carry away; to remove. [Obs.]
[They] export honor from a man, and make him a return in envy.
Bacon.
2. To carry or send abroad, or out of a country, especially to foreign
countries, as merchandise or commodities in the way of commerce; --
the opposite of import; as, to export grain, cotton, cattle, goods,
etc.
Export
Ex"port (?), n.
1. The act of exporting; exportation; as, to prohibit the export of
wheat or tobacco.
2. That which is exported; a commodity conveyed from one country or
State to another in the way of traffic; -- used chiefly in the plural,
exports.
The ordinary course of exchange . . . between two places must
likewise be an indication of the ordinary course of their exports
and imports. A. Smith.
Exportability
Ex*port`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being suitable for
exportation.
To increase the exportability of native goods. J. P. Peters.
Exportable
Ex*port"a*ble (?), a. Suitable for exportation; as, exportable
products.
Exportation
Ex`por*ta"tion (?), n. [L. exportatio: cf. F. exporation.]
1. The act of exporting; the act of conveying or sending commodities
abroad or to another country, in the course of commerce.
2. Commodity exported; an export.
3. The act of carrying out. [R.] Bourne.
Exporter
Ex*port"er (?), n. One who exports; the person who sends goods or
commodities to a foreign country, in the way of commerce; -- opposed
to importer.
Exposal
Ex*pos"al (?), n. Exposure. Swift.
Expose
Ex*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exposed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exposing.] [F. exposer; pref. ex- (L. ex out)+poser to place. See
Pose, v. t.]
1. To set forth; to set out to public view; to exhibit; to show; to
display; as, to expose goods for sale; to expose pictures to public
inspection.
Those who seek truth only, freely expose their principles to the
test, and are pleased to have them examined. Locke.
2. To lay bare; to lay open to attack, danger, or anything
objectionable; to render accessible to anything which may affect,
especially detrimentally; to make liable; as, to expose one's self to
the heat of the sun, or to cold, insult, danger, or ridicule; to
expose an army to destruction or defeat.
Expose thyself to feel what wretches feel. Shak.
3. To deprive of concealment; to discover; to lay open to public
inspection, or bring to public notice, as a thing that shuns
publicity, something criminal, shameful, or the like; as, to expose
the faults of a neighbor.
You only expose the follies of men, without arraigning their vices.
Dryden.
4. To disclose the faults or reprehensible practices of; to lay open
to general condemnation or contempt by making public the character or
arts of; as, to expose a cheat, liar, or hypocrite.
Expos\'82
Ex`po`s\'82" (?), n. [F., prop.p.p. of exposer. See Expose, v. t.] A
formal recital or exposition of facts; exposure, or revelation, of
something which some one wished to keep concealed.
Exposedness
Ex*pos"ed*ness (?), n. The state of being exposed, laid open, or
unprotected; as, an exposedness to sin or temptation.
Exposer
Ex*pos"er (?), n. One who exposes or discloses.
Exposition
Ex`po*si"tion (?), n. [L. expositio, fr. exponere, expositum: cf. F.
exposition. See Expound.]
1. The act of exposing or laying open; a setting out or displaying to
public view.
2. The act of expounding or of laying open the sense or meaning of an
author, or a passage; explanation; interpretation; the sense put upon
a passage; a law, or the like, by an interpreter; hence, a work
containing explanations or interpretations; a commentary.
You know the law; your exposition Hath been most sound. Shak.
3. Situation or position with reference to direction of view or
accessibility to influence of sun, wind, etc.; exposure; as, an
easterly exposition; an exposition to the sun. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
4. A public exhibition or show, as of industrial and artistic
productions; as, the Paris Exposition of 1878. [A Gallicism]
Expositive
Ex*pos"i*tive (?), a. Serving to explain; expository. Bp. Pearson.
Expositor
Ex*pos"i*tor (?), n. [L. See Expound.] One who, or that which,
expounds or explains; an expounder; a commentator. Bp. Horsley.
Expository
Ex*pos"i*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or containing, exposition;
serving to explain; explanatory; illustrative; exegetical.
A glossary or expository index to the poetical writers. Johnson.
Expost facto, OR Expostfacto
Ex"post` fac"to, OR Ex"post`fac"to (?). [L., from what is done
afterwards.] (Law) From or by an after act, or thing done afterward;
in consequence of a subsequent act; retrospective. Ex post facto law,
a law which operates by after enactment. The phrase is popularly
applied to any law, civil or criminal, which is enacted with a
retrospective effect, and with intention to produce that effect; but
in its true application, as employed in American law, it relates only
to crimes, and signifies a law which retroacts, by way of criminal
punishment, upon that which was not a crime before its passage, or
which raises the grade of an offense, or renders an act punishable in
a more severe manner that it was when committed. Ex post facto laws
are held to be contrary to the fundamental principles of a free
government, and the States are prohibited from passing such laws by
the Constitution of the United States. Burrill. Kent.
Expostulate
Ex*pos"tu*late (?; 135), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Expostulated(?);p. pr. &
vb. n. Expostulating.] [L. expostulatus, p.p. of expostulare to demand
vehemently; ex out + postulare to ask, require. See Postulate.] To
reason earnestly with a person on some impropriety of his conduct,
representing the wrong he has done or intends, and urging him to make
redress or to desist; to remonstrate; -- followed by with.
Men expostulate with erring friends; they bring accusations against
enemies who have done them a wrong. Jowett (Thuc. ).
Syn. -- To remonstrate; reason. See Remonstrate.
Expostulate
Ex*pos"tu*late, v. t. To discuss; to examine. [Obs.]
To expostulate What majesty should be, what duty is. Shak.
Expostulation
Ex*pos`tu*la"tion (?), n. [L. expostulatio.] The act of expostulating
or reasoning with a person in opposition to some impropriety of
conduct; remonstrance; earnest and kindly protest; dissuasion.
We must use expostulation kindly. Shak.
Expostulator
Ex*pos"tu*la`tor (?;135), n. One who expostulates. Lamb.
Expostulatory
Ex*pos"tu*la*to*ry (?), a. Containing expostulation or remonstrance;
as, an expostulatory discourse or letter.
Exposture
Ex*pos"ture (?;135), n. [Cf. Imposture.] Exposure. [Obs.] Shak.
Exposure
Ex*po"sure (?;135), n. [From Expose.]
1. The act of exposing or laying open, setting forth, laying bare of
protection, depriving of care or concealment, or setting out to
reprobation or contempt.
The exposure of Fuller . . . put an end to the practices of that
vile tribe. Macaulay.
2. The state of being exposed or laid open or bare; openness to
danger; accessibility to anything that may affect, especially
detrimentally; as, exposure to observation, to cold to inconvenience.
When we have our naked frailties hid, That suffer in exposure.
Shak.
3. Position as to points of compass, or to influences of climate, etc.
"Under a southern exposure. Evelyn.
The best exposure of the two for woodcocks. Sir. W. Scott.
4. (Photog.) The exposing of a sensitized plate to the action of
light.
Expound
Ex*pound" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expounded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Expounding.] [OE. exponen, expounen, expounden, fr. L. exponere to set
out, expose, expound; ex out + ponere to put: cf. OE. expondre,
expondre. See Position.]
1. To lay open; to expose to view; to examine. [Obs.]
He expounded both his pockets. Hudibras.
2. To lay open the meaning of; to explain; to clear of obscurity; to
interpret; as, to expound a text of Scripture, a law, a word, a
meaning, or a riddle.
Expound this matter more fully to me. Bunyan.
Expounder
Ex*pound"er (?), n. One who expounds or explains; an interpreter.
Express
Ex*press" (?), a. [F. expr\'8as, L. expressus, p.p. of exprimere to
express; ex. out + premere To press. See Press.]
1. Exactly representing; exact.
Their human countenance The express resemblance of the gods.
Milton.
2. Directly and distinctly stated; declared in terms; not implied or
left to inference; made unambiguous by intention and care; clear; not
dubious; as, express consent; an express statement.
I have express commandment. Shak.
3. Intended for a particular purpose; relating to an express; sent on
a particular errand; dispatched with special speed; as, an express
messenger or train. Also used adverbially.
A messenger sent express from the other world. Atterbury.
Express color. (Law) See the Note under Color, n., 8. Syn. --
Explicit; clear; unambiguous. See Explicit.
Express
Ex*press", n. [Cf. F. expr\'8as a messenger.]
1. A clear image or representation; an expression; a plain
declaration. [Obs.]
The only remanent express of Christ's sacrifice on earth. Jer.
Taylor.
2. A messenger sent on a special errand; a courier; hence, a regular
and fast conveyance; commonly, a company or system for the prompt and
safe transportation of merchandise or parcels; also, a railway train
for transporting passengers or goods with speed and punctuality.
3. An express office.
She charged him . . . to ask at the express if anything came up
from town. E. E. Hale.
4. That which is sent by an express messenger or message. [Obs.] Eikon
Basilike.
Express office, an office where packages for an express are received
or delivered.
Express
Ex*press", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expressed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Expressing.] [Cf. OF. espresser, expresser, L. exprimere, expressum.
See Express,a.; cf. Sprain.]
1. To press or squeeze out; as, to express the juice of grapes, or of
apples; hence, to extort; to elicit.
All the fruits out of which drink is expressed. Bacon.
And th'idle breath all utterly expressed. Spenser.
Halters and racks can not express from thee More than by deeds. B.
Jonson.
2. To make or offer a representation of; to show by a copy or
likeness; to represent; to resemble.
Each skillful artist shall express thy form. E. Smith.
So kids and whelps their sires and dams express. Dryden.
3. To give a true impression of; to represent and make known; to
manifest plainly; to show in general; to exhibit, as an opinion or
feeling, by a look, gesture, and esp. by language; to declare; to
utter; to tell.
My words express my purpose. Shak.
They expressed in their lives those excellent doctrines of
morality. Addison.
4. To make known the opinions or feelings of; to declare what is in
the mind of; to show (one's self); to cause to appear; -- used
reflexively.
Mr. Phillips did express with much indignation against me, one
evening. Pope.
5. To denote; to designate.
Moses and Aaron took these men, which are expressed by their names.
Num. i. 17.
6. To send by express messenger; to forward by special opportunity, or
through the medium of an express; as, to express a package. Syn. -- To
declare; utter; signify; testify; intimate.
Expressage
Ex*press"age (?;48), n. The charge for carrying a parcel by express.
Expressible
Ex*press"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being expressed, squeezed out,
shown, represented, or uttered. -- Express"i*bly,adv.
Expression
Ex*pres"sion (?), n. [L. expressio. cf. F. expression.]
1. The act of expressing; the act of forcing out by pressure; as, the
expression of juices or oils; also, of extorting or eliciting; as, a
forcible expression of truth.
2. The act of declaring or signifying; declaration; utterance; as, an
expression of the public will.
With this tone of philosophy were mingled expressions of sympathy.
Prescott.
3. Lively or vivid representation of meaning, sentiment, or feeling,
etc.; significant and impressive indication, whether by language,
appearance, or gesture; that manner or style which gives life and
suggestive force to ideas and sentiments; as, he reads with
expression; her performance on the piano has expression.
The imitators of Shakespeare, fixing their attention on his
wonderful power of expression, have directed their imitation to
this. M. Arnold.
4. That which is expressed by a countenance, a posture, a work of art,
etc.; look, as indicative of thought or feeling. "The expression of an
eye." Tennyson.
It still wore the majesty of expression so conspicuous in his
portraits by the inimitable pencil of Titian. Prescott.
5. A form of words in which an idea or sentiment is conveyed; a mode
of speech; a phrase; as, a common expression; an odd expression.
6. (Math.) The representation of any quantity by its appropriate
characters or signs.
Past expression, Beyond expression, beyond the power of description.
"Beyond expression bright." Milton.
Expressional
Ex*pres"sion*al (?), a. Of, or relating to, expression;
phraseological; also, vividly representing or suggesting an idea
sentiment. Fized. Hall. Ruskin.
Expressionless
Ex*pres"sion*less, a. Destitute of expression.
Expressive
Ex*press"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. expressif.]
1. Serving to express, utter, or represent; indicative; communicative;
-- followed by of; as, words expressive of his gratitude.
Each verse so swells expressive of her woes. Tickell.
2. Full of expression; vividly representing the meaning or feeling
meant to be conveyed; significant; emphatic; as, expressive looks or
words.
You have restrained yourself within the list of too cold an adieu;
be more expressive to them. Shak.
Through her expressive eyes her soul distinctly spoke. Littelton.
-- Ex*press"ive*ly,adv. -- Ex*press"ive*ness,n.
Expressly
Ex*press"ly, adv. In an express manner; in direct terms; with distinct
purpose; particularly; as, a book written expressly for the young.
The word of the Lord came expressly unto Ezekiel. Ezek. i. 3.
I am sent expressly to your lordship. Shak.
Expressman
Ex*press"man (?), n.; pl. Expressmen (. A person employed in the
express business; also, the driver of a job wagon. W. D. Howells.
Expressness
Ex*press"ness, n. The state or quality of being express; definiteness.
[Obs.] Hammond.
Expressure
Ex*pres"sure (?;135), n. The act of expressing; expression; utterance;
representation. [Obs.]
An operation more divine Than breath or pen can give expressure to.
Shak.
Exprobrate
Ex"pro*brate (?), v. t. [L. exprobratus, p.p. of exprobrare; ex out +
probrum a shameful or disgraceful act.] To charge upon with reproach;
to upbraid. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Exprobration
Ex`pro*bra"tion (?), n. [L. exprobration: cf. F. exprobration.]
Reproachful accusation; upbraiding. [Obs.]
A fearful exprobration of our unworthiness. Jer. Taylor.
Exprobrative, Exprobratory
Ex*pro"bra*tive (?), Ex*pro"bra*to*ry (?), a. Expressing reproach;
upbraiding; reproachful. [R.] Sir A. Shirley.
Expropriate
Ex*pro"pri*ate (?), v. t. [L. ex out, from + proprius one's own: cf.
F. exproprier.] To put out of one's possession; to surrender the
ownership of; also, to deprive of possession or proprietary rights.
Boyle.
Expropriate these [bad landlords] as the monks were expropriated by
Act of Parliament. M. Arnold.
Expropriation
Ex*pro`pri*a"tion, n. [Cf. F. expropriation.] The act of
expropriating; the surrender of a claim to exclusive property; the act
of depriving of ownership or proprietary rights. W. Montagu.
The expropriation of bad landlords. M. Arnold.
Expugn
Ex*pugn" (?), v. t. [L. expugnare; ex out + pugnare to fight, pugna
fight. Cf. Impugn.] To take by assault; to storm; to overcome; to
vanquish; as, to expugn cities; to expugn a person by arguments.
Expugnable
Ex*pug"nable (?), a. [L. Expugnabilis.] Capable of being expugnded.
Expugnation
Ex`pug*na"tion (?), n. [L. expugnatio.] The act of taking by assault;
conquest. [R.] Sandys.
Expugner
Ex*pugn"er (?), n. One who expugns.
Expulse
Ex*pulse" (?), v. t. [F. expulser or L. expulsare, intens. fr.
expellere. See Expel.] To drive out; to expel. [Obs.]
If charity be thus excluded and expulsed. Milton.
Expulser
Ex*puls"er (?), n. An expeller. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
Expulsion
Ex*pul"sion (?), n. [L. expulsio, fr. expellere: cf. F. expulsion. See
Expel.]
1. The act of expelling; a driving or forcing out; summary removal
from membership, association, etc.
The expulsion of the Tarquins. Shak.
2. The state of being expelled or driven out.
Expulsive
Ex*pul"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. expulsif.] Having the power of driving out
or away; serving to expel.
The expulsive power of a new affection. Chalmers.
Expunction
Ex*punc"tion (?), n. [L. expunctio execution, performance, from
expungere. See Expunge.] The act of expunging or erasing; the
condition of being expunged. Milton.
Expunge
Ex*punge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expunged(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Expunging(?).] [L. expungere, expunctum, prick out, expunge, settle an
account, execute; ex out + pungere to prick, puncture. See Pungent.]
1. To blot out, as with pen; to rub out; to efface designedly; to
obliterate; to strike out wholly; as, to expunge words, lines, or
sentences.
2. To strike out; to wipe out or destroy; to annihilate; as, to
expugne an offense. Sandys.
Expugne the whole, or lop th' excrescent parts. Pope.
Syn. -- To efface; erase; obliterate; strike out; destroy; annihilate;
cancel.
Expurgate
Ex"pur*gate (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Expurgated(?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Expurgating(?).] [L. expurgatus, p.p. of expurgare to purge,
purify; ex out, from + purgare to cleanse, purify, purge. See Purge,
and cf. Spurge.] To purify; to clear from anything noxious, offensive,
or erroneous; to cleanse; to purge; as, to expurgate a book.
Expurgation
Ex`pur*ga"tion (?), n. [L. expurgatio justification, excuse: cf. F.
expurgation.] The act of expurgating, purging, or cleansing;
purification from anything noxious, offensive, sinful, or erroneous.
Milton.
Expurgator
Ex"pur*ga`tor (?; 277), n. One who expurgates or purifies.
Expurgatorial
Ex*pur`ga*to"ri*al (?), a. Tending or serving to expurgate;
expurgatory. Milman.
Expurgatorious
Ex*pur`ga*to"ri*ous (?), a. Expurgatory. [Obs.] "Expurgatorious
indexes." Milton.
Expurgatory
Ex*pur"ga*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. expurgatoire.] Serving to purify from
anything noxious or erroneous; cleansing; purifying. "Expurgatory
animadversions." Sir T. Browne. Expurgatory Index. See Index
Expurgatorius, under Index.
Expurge
Ex*purge" (?), v. t. [Cf. OF. espurgier. See Expurgate.] To purge
away. [Obs.] Milton.
Exquire
Ex*quire" (?), v. t. [L. exquirere. See Exquisite.] To search into or
out. [Obs.] Chapman.
Exquisite
Ex"qui*site (?), a. [L. exquisitus, p.p. of exquirere to search out;
ex out + quarere to seek, search. See Quest.]
1. Carefully selected or sought out; hence, of distinguishing and
surpassing quality; exceedingly nice; delightfully excellent; giving
rare satisfaction; as, exquisite workmanship.
Plate of rare device, and jewels Of reach and exquisite form. Shak.
I have no exquisite reason for 't, but I have reason good enough.
Shak.
2. Exceeding; extreme; keen; -- used in a bad or a good sense; as,
exquisite pain or pleasure.
3. Of delicate perception or close and accurate discrimination; not
easy to satisfy; exact; nice; fastidious; as, exquisite judgment,
taste, or discernment.
His books of Oriental languages, wherein he was exquisite. Fuller.
Syn. -- Nice; delicate; exact; refined; choice; rare; matchless;
consummate; perfect.
Exquisite
Ex"qui*site, n. One who manifests an exquisite attention to external
appearance; one who is overnice in dress or ornament; a fop; a dandy.
Exquisitely
Ex"qui*site*ly, adv. In an exquisite manner or degree; as, lace
exquisitely wrought.
To a sensitive observer there was something exquisitely painful in
it. Hawthorne.
Exquisiteness
Ex"qui*site*ness, n. Quality of being exquisite.
Exquisitive
Ex*quis"i*tive (?), a. Eager to discover or learn; curious. [Obs.]
Todd. -- Ex*quis"i*tive*ly, adv. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Exsanguine
Ex*san"guine (?), a. Bloodless. [R.]
Exsanguineous
Ex`san*guin"e*ous (?), a. Destitute of blood; an\'91mic; exsanguious.
Exsanguinity
Ex`san*guin"i*ty (?), n. (Med.) Privation or destitution of blood; --
opposed to plethora. Dunglison.
Exsanguinous
Ex*san"gui*nous (?), a. See Exsanguious.
Exsanguious
Ex*san"gui*ous (?), a. [L. exsanguis; ex out + sanguis, sanguinis,
blood. Cf. Exsanguineous.]
1. Destitute of blood. Sir T. Browne.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Destitute of true, or red, blood, as insects.
Exscind
Ex*scind" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exscinded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exscinding.] [L. exscindere; ex out, from + scindere to cut.] To cut
off; to separate or expel from union; to extirpate. Barrow.
The second presbytery of Philadelphia was also exscinded by that
Assembly. Am. Cyc.
Exscribe
Ex*scribe" (?), v. t. [L. excribere; ex out, from + scribere to
write.] To copy; to transcribe. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Exscript
Ex"script (?), n. [L. exscriptus, p.p. of exscribere.] A copy; a
transcript. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exscriptural
Ex*scrip"tur*al (?; 135), a. [Pref. ex-+scriptural.] Not in accordance
with the doctrines of Scripture; unscriptural.
Exscutellate
Ex*scu"tel*late (?), a. [Pref. ex- + scutellate.] (Zo\'94l.) Without,
or apparently without, a scutellum; -- said of certain insects.
Exsect
Ex*sect" (?), v. t. [L. exsectio.]
1. A cutting out or away. E. Darwin.
2. (Surg.) The removal by operation of a portion of a limb;
particularly, the removal of a portion of a bone in the vicinity of a
joint; the act or process of cutting out.
Exsert, Exserted
Ex*sert" (?), Ex*sert"ed, a. [L. exsertus, p.p. of exserere to stretch
out or forth. See Exert.] Standing out; projecting beyond some other
part; as, exsert stamens.
A small portion of the basal edge of the shell exserted. D. H.
Barnes.
Exsertile
Ex*sert"ile (?), a. (Biol.) Capable of being thrust out or protruded.
J. Fleming.
Exsiccant
Ex*sic"cant (?), a. [L. exsiccans, p.pr. of exsiccare. See Exsiccate.]
Having the quality of drying up; causing a drying up. -- n. (Med.) An
exsiccant medicine.
Exsiccate
Ex"sic*cate (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exsiccated(?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Exsiccating.] [L. exsiccatus, p.p. of exsiccare to dry up; ex out +
siccare to make dry, siccus dry.] To exhaust or evaporate moisture
from; to dry up. Sir T. Browne.
Exsiccation
Ex`sic*ca"tion (?), n. [L. exsiccatio: cf. F. exsiccation.] The act of
operation of drying; evaporation or expulsion of moisture; state of
being dried up; dryness. Sir T. Browne.
Exsiccative
Ex*sic"ca*tive (?), a. Tending to make dry; having the power of
drying.
Exsiccator
Ex"sic*ca`tor (?), n. (Chem.) An apparatus for drying substances or
preserving them from moisture; a desiccator; also, less frequently, an
agent employed to absorb moisture, as calcium chloride, or
concentrated sulphuric acid.
Exsiliency
Ex*sil"i*en*cy (?; 106), n. [L. exsiliens leaping out, p.pr. of
exsilire; ex out + salire to leap.] A leaping out. [R.] Latham.
Exsolution
Ex`so*lu"tion (?), n. [L. exsolutio a release.] Relaxation. [R.]
Richardson (Dict. ).
Exspoliation
Ex*spo`li*a"tion (?), n. [L. exspoliatio, fr. exspoliare to spoil, to
plunder; ex out, from + spoliare. See Spoliate.] Spoliation. [Obs. or
R.] Bp. Hall.
Exspuition
Ex`spu*i"tion (?), n. [L. exspuitio; ex out + spuere to spit: cf. F.
exspuition.] A discharge of saliva by spitting. [R.] E. Darwin.
Exsputory
Ex*spu"to*ry (?), a. Spit out, or as if spit out. "Exsputory lines."
Cowper.
Exstipulate
Ex*stip"u*late (?), a. [Pref. ex- + stipulate.] (Bot.) Having no
stipules. Martyn.
Exstrophy
Ex"stro*phy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) The eversion or turning out of any
organ, or of its inner surface; as, exstrophy of the eyelid or of the
bladder.
Exsuccous
Ex*suc"cous (?), a. [L. exsuccus; ex out + succus juice.] Destitute of
juice; dry; sapless. Latham.
Exsuction
Ex*suc"tion (?), n. [L. exsugere, exsuctum, to suck out; ex out +
sugere to suck: cf. F. exsuccion.] The act of sucking out.
Exsudation
Ex`su*da"tion (?), n. Exudation.
Exsufflate
Ex`suf*flate" (?), v. t. [L. exsufflare to blow at or upon; ex out +
sufflare. See Sufflate.] (Eccles.) To exorcise or renounce by blowing.
Exsufflation
Ex`suf*fla"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. exsufflatio.]
1. A blast from beneath. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. (Eccles.) A kind of exorcism by blowing with the breath. Jer.
Taylor.
3. (Physiol.) A strongly forced expiration of air from the lungs.
Exsufflicate
Ex*suf"fli*cate (?), a. Empty; frivolous. [A Shakespearean word only
once used.]
Such exsufflicate and blown surmises. Shak. (Oth. iii. 3, 182).
Exsuscitate
Ex*sus"ci*tate (?), v. t. [L. exsuscitatus, p.p. of exsuscitare; ex
out + suscitare. See Suscitate.] To rouse; to excite. [Obs.] Johnson.
Exsuscitation
Ex*sus`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L. exsuscitatio.] A stirring up; a rousing.
[Obs.] Hallywell.
Extacy
Ex"ta*cy (?), n. See Ecstasy. [Obs.]
Extance
Ex"tance (?), n. [L. extantia, exstantia, a standing out, fr. exstans,
p.pr. See Extant.] Outward existence. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Extancy
Ex"tan*cy (?), n. [L. extantia, exstantia.] The state of rising above
others; a projection. Evelyn. Boyle.
Extant
Ex"tant (?), a. [L. extans, -antis, or exstans, -antis, p.pr. of
extare, exstare, to stand out or forth; ex out + stare to stand: cf.
F. extant. See Stand.]
1. Standing out or above any surface; protruded.
That part of the teeth which is extant above the gums. Ray.
A body partly immersed in a fluid and partly extant. Bentley.
2. Still existing; not destroyed or lost; outstanding.
Writings that were extant at that time. Sir M. Hale.
The extant portraits of this great man. I. Taylor.
3. Publicly known; conspicuous. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Extasy
Ex"ta*sy (?), n. & v. t. See Ecstasy, n. & v. t.
Extatic
Ex*tat"ic (?), a. See Ecstatic, a.
Extemporal
Ex*tem"po*ral (?), a. [L. extemporalis, from ex tempore.]
Extemporaneous; unpremeditated. [Obs.] B. Jonson. -- Ex*tem"po*ral*ly,
adv. [Obs.]
Extemporanean
Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*an (?), a. Extemporaneous. [Obs] Burton.
Extemporaneous
Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous (?), a. [See Extempore.] Composed, performed, or
uttered on the spur of the moment, or without previous study;
unpremeditated; off-hand; extempore; extemporary; as, an
extemporaneous address or production. -- Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly, adv.
-- Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness,n.
Extemporarily
Ex*tem"po*ra*ri*ly (?), adv. Extemporaneously.
Extemporary
Ex*tem"po*ra*ry (?), a.
1. Extemporaneous. "In extemporary prayer." Fuller.
2. Made for the occasion; for the time being. [Obs.] "Extemporary
habitations." Maundrell.
Extempore
Ex*tem"po*re (?), adv. [L. ex out + tempus, temporis, time. See
Temporal.] Without previous study or meditation; without preparation;
on the spur of the moment; suddenly; extemporaneously; as, to write or
speak extempore. Shak. -- a. Done or performed extempore. "Extempore
dissertation." Addison. "Extempore poetry." Dryden. -- n. Speaking or
writing done extempore. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.
Extemporiness
Ex*tem"po*ri*ness (?), n. The quality of being done or devised
extempore [Obs.] Johnson.
Extemporization
Ex*tem`po*ri*za"tion (?), n. The act of extemporizing; the act of
doing anything extempore.
Extemporize
Ex*tem"po*rize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Extemporized(?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Extemporizing(?).] To speak extempore; especially, to discourse
without special preparation; to make an offhand address.
Extemporize
Ex*tem"po*rize, v. t. To do, make, or utter extempore or off-hand; to
prepare in great haste, under urgent necessity, or with scanty or
unsuitable materials; as, to extemporize a dinner, a costume, etc.
Themistocles . . . was of all men the best able to extemporize the
right thing to be done. Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Pitt, of whom it was said that he could extemporize a Queen's
speech Lord Campbell.
Extemporizer
Ex*tem"po*ri`zer (?), n. One who extemporizes.
Extend
Ex*tend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extended; p. pr. & vb. n.
Extending.] [L. extendere, extentum, extensum; ex out + tendere to
stretch. See Trend.]
1. To stretch out; to prolong in space; to carry forward or continue
in length; as, to extend a line in surveying; to extend a cord across
the street.
Few extend their thoughts toward universal knowledge'. Locke.
2. To enlarge, as a surface or volume; to expand; to spread; to
amplify; as, to extend metal plates by hammering or rolling them.
3. To enlarge; to widen; to carry out further; as, to extend the
capacities, the sphere of usefulness, or commerce; to extend power or
influence; to continue, as time; to lengthen; to prolong; as, to
extend the time of payment or a season of trail.
4. To hold out or reach forth, as the arm or hand.
His helpless hand extend. Dryden.
5. To bestow; to offer; to impart; to apply; as, to extend sympathy to
the suffering.
6. To increase in quantity by weakening or adulterating additions; as,
to extend liquors. G. P. Burnham.
7. (Eng. Law) To value, as lands taken by a writ of extent in
satisfaction of a debt; to assign by writ of extent.
Extended letter (Typog.), a letter, or style of type, having a broader
face than is usual for a letter or type of the same height.
NOTE: &hand; This is extended type.
Syn. -- To increase; enlarge; expand; widen; diffuse. See Increase.
Extendant
Ex*tend"ant (?), a. (Her.) Displaced. Ogilvie.
Extendedly
Ex*tend"ed*ly (?), adv. In an extended manner.
Extender
Ex*tend"er (?), n. One who, or that which, extends or stretches
anything.
Extendible
Ex*tend"i*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of being extended, susceptible of being stretched,
extended, enlarged, widened, or expanded.
2. (Law) Liable to be taken by a writ of extent.
Extendlessness
Ex*tend"less*ness, n. Unlimited extension. [Obs.]
An . . . extendlessness of excursions. Sir. M. Hale.
Extense
Ex*tense" (?), a. [L. extensus, p.p. See Extend, v. t.] Outreaching;
expansive; extended, superficially or otherwise.
Men and gods are too extense; Could you slacken and condense?
Emerson.
Extensibility
Ex*ten`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being extensible; the
capacity of being extended; as, the extensibility of a fiber, or of a
plate of metal.
Extensible
Ex*ten"si*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. extensible. See Extend.] Capable of
being extended, whether in length or breadth; susceptible of
enlargement; extensible; extendible; -- the opposite of contractible
or compressible. "An extensible membrane" Holder.
Extensibleness
Ex*ten"si*ble*ness, n. Extensibility.
Extensile
Ex*ten"sile (?) a. Suited for, or capable of, extension; extensible.
Owen.
Extension
Ex*ten"sion (?), n. [L. extensio: cf. F. extension. See Extend, v. t.]
1. The act of extending or the state of being extended; a stretching
out; enlargement in breadth or continuation of length; increase;
augmentation; expansion.
2. (Physics) That property of a body by which it occupies a portion of
space.
3. (Logic & Metaph.) Capacity of a concept or general term to include
a greater or smaller number of objects; -- correlative of intension.
The law is that the intension of our knowledge is in the inverse
ratio of its extension. Sir W. Hamilton.
The extension of [the term] plant is greater than that of geranium,
because it includes more objects. Abp. Thomson.
4. (Surg.) The operation of stretching a broken bone so as to bring
the fragments into the same straight line.
5. (Physiol.) The straightening of a limb, in distinction from
flexion.
6. (Com.) A written engagement on the part of a creditor, allowing a
debtor further time to pay a debt.
Counter extension. (Surg.) See under Counter. -- Extension table, a
table so constructed as to be readily extended or contracted in
length.
Extensional
Ex*ten"sion*al (?), a. Having great extent.
Extensionist
Ex*ten"sion*ist, n. One who favors or advocates extension.
Extensive
Ex*ten"sive (?), a. [L. extensivus: cf. F. extensif. See Extend.]
1. Having wide extent; of much superficial extent; expanded; large;
broad; wide; comprehensive; as, an extensive farm; an extensive lake;
an extensive sphere of operations; extensive benevolence; extensive
greatness.
2. Capable of being extended. [Obs.]
Silver beaters choose the finest coin, as that which is most
extensive under the hammer. Boyle.
Extensively
Ex*ten"sive*ly, adv. To a great extent; widely; largely; as, a story
is extensively circulated.
Extensiveness
Ex*ten"sive*ness (?), n. The state of being extensive; wideness;
largeness; extent; diffusiveness.
Extensometer
Ex`ten*som"e*ter (?), n. [Extension + -meter.] An instrument for
measuring the extension of a body, especially for measuring the
elongation of bars of iron, steel, or other material, when subjected
to a tensile force.
Extensor
Ex*ten"sor (?), n. [L., one who stretches. See Extend.] (Anat.) A
muscle which serves to extend or straighten any part of the body, as
an arm or a finger; -- opposed to flexor.
Extensure
Ex*ten"sure (?), n. Extension. [R.] Drayton.
Extent
Ex*tent" (?), a. [L. extentus, p. p. of extendere. See Extend.]
Extended. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extent
Ex*tent", n. [L. extentus, fr. extendere. See Extend.]
1. Space or degree to which a thing is extended; hence, superficies;
compass; bulk; size; length; as, an extent of country or of line;
extent of information or of charity.
Life in its large extent is scare a span. Cotton.
2. Degree; measure; proportion. "The extent to which we can make
ourselves what we wish to be." Lubbock.
3. (Eng. Law) (a) A peculiar species of execution upon debts due to
the crown, under which the lands and goods of the debtor may be seized
to secure payment. (b) A process of execution by which the lands and
goods of a debtor are valued and delivered to the creditor.
Extenuate
Ex*ten"u*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extenuated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extenuating(?).] [L. extenuatus, p. p. of extenuare to make thin,
loosen, weaken; ex out + tenuare to make thin, tenuis thin. See
Tenuity.]
1. To make thin or slender; to draw out so as to lessen the thickness.
His body behind the head becomes broad, from whence it is again
extenuated all the way to the tail. Grew.
2. To lessen; to palliate; to lessen or weaken the force of; to
diminish the conception of, as crime, guilt, faults, ills,
accusations, etc.; -- opposed to aggravate.
But fortune there extenuates the crime. Dryden.
Let us extenuate, conceal, adorn the unpleasing reality. I. Taylor.
3. To lower or degrade; to detract from. [Obs.]
Who can extenuate thee? Milton.
Syn. -- To palliate; to mitigate. See Palliate.
Extenuate
Ex*ten"u*ate, v. i. To become thinner; to make excuses; to advance
palliating considerations. Burke.
Extenuate
Ex*ten"u*ate (?), a. [L. extenuatus, p. p.] Thin; slender. [Obs.]
Huloet.
Extenuation
Ex*ten`u*a"tion (?), n. [L. extenuatio: cf. F. ext\'82nuation.] The
act of axtenuating or the state of being extenuated; the act of making
thin, slender, or lean, or of palliating; diminishing, or lessening;
palliation, as of a crime; mitigation, as of punishment.
To listen . . . to every extenuation of what is evil. I. Taylor.
Extenuator
Ex*ten"u*a`tor (?), n. One who extenuates.
Extenuatory
Ex*ten"u*a*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. L. extenuatorius attenuating.] Tending
to extenuate or palliate. Croker.
Exterior
Ex*te"ri*or, a. [L. exterior, compar. of exter or exterus on the
outside, outward, foreign, strange, a compar. fr. ex: cf. F.
ext\'82rieur. See Ex, and cf. Extreme, Interior.]
1. External; outward; pertaining to that which is external; -- opposed
to interior; as, the exterior part of a sphere.
Sith nor the exterior nor the inward man Resemble that it was.
Shak.
2. External; on the outside; without the limits of; extrinsic; as, an
object exterior to a man, opposed to what is within, or in his mind.
Without exterior help sustained. Milton.
3. Relating to foreign nations; foreign; as, the exterior relations of
a state or kingdom.
Exterior angle (Geom.), the angle included between any side of a
triangle or polygon and the prolongation of the adjacent side; also,
an angle included between a line crossing two parallel lines and
either of the latter on the outside. -- Exterior side (Fort.), the
side of the polygon upon which a front of fortification is formed.
Wilhelm.
NOTE: See Illust. of Ravelin.
Exterior
Ex*te"ri*or, n.
1. The outward surface or part of a thing; that which is external;
outside.
2. Outward or external deportment, form, or ceremony; visible act; as,
the exteriors of religion.
Exteriority
Ex*te`ri*or"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. ext\'82riorit\'82.] Surface;
superficies; externality.
Exteriorly
Ex*te"ri*or*ly (?), adv. Outwardly; externally; on the exterior. Shak.
They are exteriorly lifelike. J. H. Morse.
Exterminate
Ex*ter"mi*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exterminated(?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Exterminating(?).] [L. exterminatus, p. p. of exterminare to
abolish, destroy, drive out or away; ex out + terminus boundary,
limit. See Term.]
1. To drive out or away; to expel.
They deposed, exterminated, and deprived him of communion. Barrow.
2. To destroy utterly; to cut off; to extirpate; to annihilate; to
root out; as, to exterminate a colony, a tribe, or a nation; to
exterminate error or vice.
To explode and exterminate rank atheism. Bentley.
3. (Math.) To eliminate, as unknown quantities. [R.]
Extermination
Ex*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. extermination.]
1. The act of exterminating; total destruction; eradication; excision;
as, the extermination of inhabitants or tribes, of error or vice, or
of weeds from a field.
2. (Math.) Elimination. [R.]
Exterminator
Ex*ter"mi*na`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, exterminates.
Buckle.
Exterminatory
Ex*ter"mi*na*to*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to extermination; tending
to exterminate. "Exterminatory war." Burke.
Extermine
Ex*ter"mine (?), v. t. [F. exterminer.] To exterminate; to destroy.
[Obs.] Shak.
Extern
Ex*tern" (?), a. [Cf. F. externe. See External.] External; outward;
not inherent. [Obs.] Shak.
Extern
Ex*tern", n. [Cf. F. externe.]
1. A pupil in a seminary who lives without its walls; a day scholar.
2. Outward form or part; exterior. [R.]
External
Ex*ter"nal (?), a. [L. externus, fr. exter, exterus, on the outside,
outward. See Exterior.]
1. Outward; exterior; relating to the outside, as of a body; being
without; acting from without; -- opposed to internal; as, the external
form or surface of a body.
Of all external things, . . . She [Fancy] forms imaginations, aery
shapes. Milton.
2. Outside of or separate from ourselves; (Metaph.) separate from the
perceiving mind.
3. Outwardly perceptible; visible; physical or corporeal, as
distinguished from mental or moral.
Her virtues graced with external gifts. Shak.
4. Not intrinsic nor essential; accidental; accompanying; superficial.
The external circumstances are greatly different. Trench.
5. Foreign; relating to or connected with foreign nations; as,
external trade or commerce; the external relations of a state or
kingdom.
6. (Anat.) Away from the mesial plane of the body; lateral.
External angles. (Geom.) See under Angle.
External
Ex*ter"nal, n. Something external or without; outward part; that which
makes a show, rather than that which is intrinsic; visible form; --
usually in the plural.
Adam was then no less glorious in his externals South.
God in externals could not place content. Pope.
Externalism
Ex*ter"nal*ism (?) n.
1. The quality of being manifest to the senses; external acts or
appearances; regard for externals.
This externalism gave Catholicism a great advantage on all sides.
E. Eggleston.
2. (Metaph.) That philosophy or doctrine which recognizes or deals
only with externals, or objects of sense perception; positivism;
phenomenalism.
Externalistic
Ex*ter`nal*is"tic (?), a. Pertaining to externalism North Am. Rev.
Externality
Ex`ter*nal"i*ty (?), n. State of being external; exteriority;
(Metaph.) separation from the perceiving mind.
Pressure or resistance necessarily supposes externality in the
thing which presses or resists. A. Smith.
Externalize
Ex*ter"nal*ize (?), v. t. To make external; to manifest by outward
form.
Thought externalizes itself in language. Soyce.
Externally
Ex*ter"nal*ly, adv. In an external manner; outwardly; on the outside;
in appearance; visibly.
Externe
Ex`terne" (?), n. [F. Cf. Extern.] (med.) An officer in attendance
upon a hospital, but not residing in it; esp., one who cares for the
out-patients.
Exterraneous
Ex`ter*ra"ne*ous (?), a. [L. exterraneus; es out + terra land.]
Foreign; belonging to, or coming from, abroad.
Exterritorial
Ex*ter`ri*to"ri*al (?), a. [Pref. ex.] Beyond the territorial limits;
foreign to, or exempt from, the territorial jurisdiction. --
Ex*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly(#),adv.<-- = extraterritorial -->
Exterritoriality
Ex*ter`ri*to`ri*al"i*ty (?), n.
1. The state of being beyond the limits of a country.
2. The state of being free from the jurisdiction of a country when
within its territorial limits.
Extersion
Ex*ter"sion (?), n. [L. extergere, extersum, to wipe out; ex out +
tergere to wipe or rub off.] The act of wiping or rubbing out. [Obs.]
Extill
Ex*till" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Extilled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extilling.] [L. extillare, exstillare; ex out + stillare to drop,
stilla drop.] To drop or distill. [Obs.] Johnson.
Extillation
Ex`til*la"tion (?), n. Distillation. [Obs.]
An exudation or extillation of petrifying juices. Derham.
Extimulate
Ex*tim"u*late (?), v. t. [L. extimulatus, exstimulatus, p. p. of
extimulare, exstimulare, to goad. See Stimulate.] To stimulate. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Extimulation
Ex*tim`u*la"tion (?), n. Stimulation. [Obs.]
Things insipid, and without any extimulation. Bacon.
Extinct
Ex*tinct" (?), a. [L. extinctus, exstinctus, p. p. of extinguere,
exstinguere. See Extinguish.]
1. Extinguished; put out; quenched; as, a fire, a light, or a lamp, is
extinct; an extinct volcano.
Light, the prime work of God, to me is extinct. Milton.
2. Without a survivor; without force; dead; as, a family becomes
extinct; an extinct feud or law.
Extinct
Ex*tinct", v. t. To cause to be extinct. [Obs.] Shak.
Extinction
Ex*tinc"tion (?), n. [L. extinctio, exstinction: cf. F. extinction.]
1. The act of extinguishing or making extinct; a putting an end to;
the act of putting out or destroying light, fire, life, activity,
influence, etc.
2. State of being extinguished or of ceasing to be; destruction;
suppression; as, the extinction of life, of a family, of a quarrel, of
claim.
Extine
Ex"tine (?; 104), n. [L. exter on the outside. Cf. Intine.] (bot.) The
outer membrane of the grains of pollen of flowering plants.
Extinguish
Ex*tin"guish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extinguished(?); p pr. & vb. n.
Extinguishing.] [L. extinguere, exstinguere; ex out + stinguere to
quench. See Distinguish, Finish.]
1. To quench; to put out, as a light or fire; to stifle; to cause to
die out; to put an end to; to destroy; as, to extinguish a flame, or
life, or love, or hope, a pretense or a right.
A light which the fierce winds have no power to extinguish.
Prescott.
This extinguishes my right to the reversion. Blackstone.
2. To obscure; to eclipse, as by superior splendor.
Natural graces that extinguish art. Shak
.
Extinguishable
Ex*tin"guish*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being quenched, destroyed, or
suppressed.
Extinguisher
Ex*tin"guish*er (?), n. One who, or that which, extinguishes; esp., a
hollow cone or other device for extinguishing a flame, as of a torch
or candle.
Extinguishment
Ex*tin"guish*ment (?), n.
1. The act of extinguishing, putting out, or quenching, or the state
of being extinguished; extinction; suppression; destruction;
nullification; as, the extinguishment of fire or flame, of discord,
enmity, or jealousy, or of love or affection.
2. (Law) The annihilation or extinction of a right or obligation.
Abbott.
Extirp
Ex*tirp" (, v. t. [Cf. F. extirper.] To extirpate. [Obs.]
It is impossible to extirp it quite, friar. Shak
.
Extirpable
Ex*tir"pa*ble (?), a. Capable of being extirpated or eradicated; as,
an extirpable plant. Evelyn.
Extirpate
Ex"tir*pate (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extirpated(?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Extirpating(?).] [L. extirpatus, exstirpatus, p. p. of extirpare,
exstirpare; ex out + strips stock, stem, root.] To pluck up by the
stem or root; to root out; to eradicate, literally or figuratively; to
destroy wholly; as, to extirpate weeds; to extirpate a tumor; to
extirpate a sect; to extirpate error or heresy. Syn. -- To eradicate;
root out; destroy; exterminate; annihilate; extinguish.
Extirpation
Ex`tir*pa"tion (?), n. [L. extirpatio, exstirpatio: cf. F.
extirpation.] The act of extirpating or rooting out, or the state of
being extirpated; eradication; excision; total destruction; as, the
extirpation of weeds from land, of evil from the heart, of a race of
men, of heresy.
Extirpative
Ex"tir*pa*tive (?), a. Capable of rooting out, or tending to root out.
Cheyne.
Extirpator
Ex"tir*pa`tor (?; 277), n. [L. extirpator, exstirpator: cf. F.
extirpateur.] One who extirpates or roots out; a destroyer.
Extirpatory
Ex*tir"pa*to*ry (?), a. Extirpative.
Extirper
Ex*tirp"er (?), n. Extirpator. [Obs.] Bacon.
Extispicious
Ex`ti*spi"cious (?), a. [L. extispicium an inspection of the inwards
for divination; extra the entrails + specer to look at.] Relating to
the inspection of entrails for prognostication. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Extogenous
Ex*tog"e*nous (?), a. [L. exter outward + .] (Biol.) Exogenous.
Extol
Ex*tol" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extolled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extolling.] [L. extollere; ex out + tollere to lift, take up, or
raise: cf. OF. extoller. See Tollerate, and cf. Flate.]
1. To place on high; to lift up; to elevate. [Obs.]
Who extolled you in the half-crown boxes, Where you might sit and
muster all the beauties. Beau.
2. To elevate by praise; to eulogize; to praise; to magnify; as, to
extol virtue; to extol an act or a person.
Wherein have I so deserved of you, That you extol me thus? Shak.
Syn. -- To praise; applaud; commend; magnify; celebrate; laud;
glorify. See Praise.
Extoller
Ex*tol"ler (?), n.One who extols; one who praises.
Extolment
Ex*tol"ment (?), n. Praise. [Obs.] Shak.
Extorsive
Ex*tor"sive (?), a. [See Extort.] Serving or tending to extort. [R.]
Johnson. -- Ex*tor"sive*ly, adv. [R.]
Extort
Ex*tort" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extorted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Extorting.] [L. extortus, p. p. of extorquere to twist or wrench out,
to extort; ex out + torquere to turn about, twist. See Torsion.]
1. To wrest from an unwilling person by physical force, menace,
duress, torture, or any undue or illegal exercise of power or
ingenuity; to wrench away (from); to tear away; to wring (from); to
exact; as, to extort contributions from the vanquished; to extort
confessions of guilt; to extort a promise; to extort payment of a
debt.
2. (Law) To get by the offense of extortion. See Extortion, 2.
Extort
Ex*tort", v. i. To practice extortion. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extort
Ex*tort", p. p. & a. [L. extortus. p. p.] Extorted. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extorter
Ex*tort"er (?), n. One who practices extortion.
Extortion
Ex*tor"tion (?), n. [F. extorsion.]
1. The act of extorting; the act or practice of wresting anything from
a person by force, by threats, or by any undue exercise of power;
undue exaction; overcharge.
2. (Law) The offense committed by an officer who corruptly claims and
takes, as his fee, money, or other thing of value, that is not due, or
more than is due, or before it is due. Abbott.
3. That which is extorted or exacted by force. Syn. -- Oppression;
rapacity; exaction; overcharge.
Extortionary
Ex*tor"tion*a*ry (?), a. Extortionate.
Extortionate
Ex*tor"tion*ate (?), a. Characterized by extortion; oppressive; hard.
Extortioner
Ex*tor"tion*er (?), n, One who practices extortion.
Extortious
Ex*tor"tious (?), a. Extortionate. [Obs.] "Extortious cruelties." Bp.
Hall -- Ex*tor"tious*ly, adv. [Obs.] Bacon.
Extra-
Ex"tra- (?). [L., fr. exter. See Exterior.] A Latin preposition,
denoting beyond, outside of; -- often used in composition as a prefix
signifying outside of, beyond, besides, or in addition to what is
denoted by the word to which it is prefixed.
Extra
Ex"tra, a. Beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary;
additional; supernumerary; also, extraordinarily good; superior; as,
extra work; extra pay. "By working extra hours." H. Spencer.
Extra
Ex"tra (?), n.; pl. Extras (. Something in addition to what is due,
expected, or customary; something in addition to the regular charge or
compensation, or for which an additional charge is made; as, at
European hotels lights are extras. [Colloq.]
Extraarticular
Ex`tra*ar*tic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated outside of a joint.
Extraaxillar, Extraaxillary
Ex`tra*ax"il*lar (?), Ex`tra*ax"il*la*ry (?) a. (Bot.) Growing outside
of the axils; as, an extra-axillary bud.
Extrabranchial
Ex`tra*bran"chi*al (?), a. (Anat.) Outside of the branchial arches; --
said of the cartilages thus placed in some fishes.
Extracapsular
Ex`tra*cap"su*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated outside of a capsule, esp.
outside the capsular ligament of a joint.
Extract
Ex*tract" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extracted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Extracting.] [L. extractus, p. p. of extrahere to extract; ex out +
trahere to draw. See Trace, and cf. Estreat.]
1. To draw out or forth; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a fixed
position, as by traction or suction, etc.; as, to extract a tooth from
its socket, a stump from the earth, a splinter from the finger.
The bee Sits on the bloom extracting liquid sweet. Milton.
2. To withdraw by expression, distillation, or other mechanical or
chemical process; as, to extract an essence. Cf. Abstract, v. t., 6.
Sunbeams may be extracted from cucumbers, but the process is
tedious.
3. To take by selection; to choose out; to cite or quote, as a
passage from a book.
I have extracted out of that pamphlet a few notorious falsehoods.
Swift.
To extract the root (Math.), to ascertain the root of a number or
quantity.
Extract
Ex"tract` (?), n.
1. That which is extracted or drawn out.
2. A portion of a book or document, separately transcribed; a
citation; a quotation.
3. A decoction, solution, or infusion made by drawing out from any
substance that which gives it its essential and characteristic virtue;
essence; as, extract of beef; extract of dandelion; also, any
substance so extracted, and characteristic of that from which it is
obtained; as, quinine is the most important extract of Peruvian bark.
4. (Med.) A solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a
drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a plant; -- distinguished from an
abstract. See Abstract, n., 4.
5. (Old Chem.) A peculiar principle once erroneously supposed to form
the basis of all vegetable extracts; -- called also the extractive
principle. [Obs.]
6. Extraction; descent. [Obs.] South.
7. (Scots Law) A draught or copy of writing; certified copy of the
proceedings in an action and the judgement therein, with an order for
execution. Tomlins.
Fluid extract (Med.), a concentrated liquid preparation, containing a
definite proportion of the active principles of a medicinal substance.
At present a fluid gram of extract should represent a gram of the
crude drug.
Extractable, Extractible
Ex*tract"a*ble (?), Ex*tract"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being extracted.
Extractiform
Ex*tract"i*form (?), a. (Chem.) Having the form, appearance, or
nature, of an extract.
Extraction
Ex*trac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. extraction.]
1. The act of extracting, or drawing out; as, the extraction of a
tooth, of a bone or an arrow from the body, of a stump from earth, of
a passage from a book, of an essence or tincture.
2. Derivation from a stock or family; lineage; descent; birth; the
stock from which one has descended. "A family of ancient extraction."
Clarendon.
3. That which is extracted; extract; essence.
They [books] do preserve as in a vial the purest efficacy and
extraction of that living intellect that bred them. Milton.
The extraction of roots. (Math.) (a) The operation of finding the root
of a given number or quantity. (b) The method or rule by which the
operation is performed; evolution.
Extractive
Ex*tract"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. extractif.]
1. Capable of being extracted. "Thirty grains of extractive matter."
Kirwan.
2. Tending or serving to extract or draw out.
Certain branches of industry are conveniently designated
extractive: e.g., agriculture, pastoral and mining pursuits,
cutting of lumber, etc. Cairnes.
Extractive
Ex*tract"ive, n.
1. Anything extracted; an extract.
Extractives, of which the most constant are urea, kreatin, and
grape sugar. H. N. Martin.
2. (Chem.) (a) A chemical principle once supposed to exist in all
extracts. [Obs.] (b) Any one of a large class of substances obtained
by extraction, and consisting largely of nitrogenous hydrocarbons,
such as xanthin, hypoxanthin, and creatin extractives from muscle
tissue.
Extractor
Ex*tract"or (?), n. One who, or that which, extracts; as: (a) (Surg.)
A forceps or instrument for extracting substances. (b) (Breech-loading
Firearms) A device for withdrawing a cartridge or spent cartridge
shell from the chamber of the barrel.
Extradictionary
Ex`tra*dic"tion*a*ry (?), a. [Pref. extra + L. dictio a saying. See
Diction.] Consisting not in words, but in realities. [Obs.]
Of these extradictionary and real fallacies, Aristotle and
logicians make in number six. Sir T. Browne.
Extraditable
Ex"tra*di`ta*ble (?), a.
1. Subject, or liable, to extradition, as a fugitive from justice.
2. Making liable to extradition; as, extraditable offenses.
Extradite
Ex"tra*dite (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extradited(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extraditing(?).] To deliver up by one government to another, as a
fugitive from justice. See Extradition.
Extradition
Ex`tra*di"tion (?), n. [L. ex out + traditio a delivering up: cf. F.
extradition. See Tradition.] The surrender or delivery of an alleged
criminal by one State or sovereignty to another having jurisdiction to
try charge.
Extrados
Ex*tra"dos (?), n. [F.; pref. extra outside + dos (L. dorsum) the
back.] (Arch.) The exterior curve of an arch; esp., the upper curved
face of the whole body of voussoirs. See Intrados.
Extradotal
Ex`tra*do"tal (?), a. [Pref. extra.] Forming no part of the dowry; as,
extradotal property.
Extrafoliaceous
Ex`tra*fo`li*a"ceous (?), a. [Pref. extra + foliaceous.] (Bot.) Away
from the leaves, or inserted in a different place from them; as,
extrafoliaceous prickles. Loudon.
Extraforaneous
Ex`tra*fo*ra"ne*ous (?), a. [Pref. extra + L. foras out of doors.]
Pertaining to that which is out of doors. "Extr occupations." Cowper.
Extrageneous
Ex`tra*ge"ne*ous (?), a. [Pref. extra + L. genus race.] Belonging to
another race or kind.
Extrajudicial
Ex`tra*ju*di"cial (?), a. Out of or beyond the proper authority of a
court or judge; beyond jurisdiction; not legally required. "An
extrajudicial opinion." Hallam. -- Ex`tra*ju*di"cial*ly, adv.
Extralimitary
Ex`tra*lim"it*a*ry (?), a. Being beyond the limit or bounds; as,
extraliminary land. Mitford.
Extralogical
Ex`tra*log"ic*al (?), a. Lying outside of the domain of logic. --
Ex`tra*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Extramission
Ex`tra*mis"sion (?), n. A sending out; emission. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Extramundane
Ex`tra*mun"dane (?), a. [L. extramundanus; extra + mundus world.]
Beyond the material world. "An extramundane being." Bp. Warburton.
Extramural
Ex`tra*mu"ral (?), a. Outside of the walls, as of a fortified or
walled city.
Extraneity
Ex`tra*ne"i*ty (?), n. State of being without or beyond a thing;
foreignness. [Obs.]
Extraneous
Ex*tra"ne*ous (?), a. [L. extraneus, from extra. See Extra, Strange.]
Not belonging to, or dependent upon, a thing; without or beyond a
thing; not essential or intrinsic; foreign; as, to separate gold from
extraneous matter.
Nothing is admitted extraneous from the indictment. Landor.
-- Ex*tra"ne*ous*ly, adv.
Extra-ocular
Ex`tra-oc"u*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Inserted exterior to the eyes; --
said of the antenn\'91 of certain insects.
Extra-official
Ex`tra-of*fi"cial (?), a. Not prescribed by official duty.
Extraordinarily
Ex*traor"di*na*ri*ly (?), adv. In an extraordinary manner or degree.
Extraordinariness
Ex*traor"di*na*ri*ness, n. The quality of being extraordinary. [R.]
Gov. of the Tongue.
Extraordinary
Ex*traor"di*na*ry (?), a. [L. extraordinarius; extra on the outside +
ordinarius: cf. F. extraordinaire. See Ordinary.]
1. Beyond or out of the common order or method; not usual, customary,
regular, or ordinary; as, extraordinary evils; extraordinary remedies.
Which dispose To something extraordinary my thoughts. Milton.
2. Exceeding the common degree, measure. or condition; hence,
remarkable; uncommon; rare; wonderful; as, extraordinary talents or
grandeur.
3. Employed or sent upon an unusual or special service; as, an
ambassador extraordinary.
Extraordinary
Ex*traor"di*na*ry, n.; pl. Extraordinaries (. That which is
extraordinary; -- used especially in the plural; as, extraordinaries
excepted, there is nothing to prevent success.
Their extraordinary did consist especially in the matter of prayers
and devotions. Jer. Taylor.
Extraparochial
Ex`tra*pa*ro"chi*al (?), a. Beyond the limits of a parish. --
Ex`tra*pa*ro"chi*al*ly, adv.
Extraphysical
Ex`tra*phys"i*cal (?), a. Not subject to physical laws or methods.
Extraprofessional
Ex`tra*pro*fes"sion*al (?), a. Foreign to a profession; not within the
ordinary limits of professional duty or business.
Extraprovincial
Ex`tra*pro*vin"cial (?), a. Not within of pertaining to the same
province or jurisdiction. Ayliffe.
Extraregular
Ex`tra*reg"u*lar (?), a. Not comprehended within a rule or rules. Jer.
Taylor.
Extrastapedial
Ex`tra*sta*pe"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to a part of the
columella of the ear, which, in many animals, projects beyond the
connection with the stapes. -- n. The extrastapedial part of
columella.
Extraterritorial
Ex`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al (?), a. Beyond the limits of a territory or
particular jurisdiction; exterritorial. --
Ex`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly(#), adv.
Extraterritoriality
Ex`tra*ter`ri*to`ri*al"i*ty (?), n. The state of being beyond the
limits of a particular territory; esp. (Internat. Law), a fiction by
which a public minister, though actually in a foreign country, is
supposed still to remain within the territory of his own sovereign or
nation. Wheaton.
Extratropical
Ex`tra*trop"ic*al (?), a. Beyond or outside of the tropics. Whewell.
Extraught
Ex`traught" (?), p. p. of Extract. [Cf. Distraught.] Extracted;
descended. [Obs.]
Knowing whence thou art extraught Shak.
Extra-uterine
Ex`tra-u"ter*ine (?), a. (Anat. & Med.) Outside of the uterus, or
womb. Extra-uterine pregnancy (Med.), a condition of pregnancy in
which the fetus is not in the uterus, but in the Fallopian tube or in
the abdominal cavity.
Extravagance
Ex*trav"a*gance (?), n. [Cf. F. extravagance. See Extravagant, and cf.
Extravaganza.]
1. A wandering beyond proper limits; an excursion or sally from the
usual way, course, or limit.
2. The state of being extravagant, wild, or prodigal beyond bounds of
propriety or duty; want of moderation; excess; especially, undue
expenditure of money; vaid and superfluous expense; prodigality; as,
extravagance of anger, love, expression, imagination, demands.
Some verses of my own, Maximin and Almanzor, cry vengeance on me
for their extravagance. Dryden.
The income of three dukes was enough to supply her extravagance.
Arbuthnot.
Syn. -- Wildness; irregularity; excess; prodigality; profusion; waste;
lavishness; unreasonableness; recklessness.
Extravagancy
Ex*trav"a*gan*cy (?), n.; pl. Extravagancies (. Extravagance.
Extravagant
Ex*trav"a*gant (?), a. [F. extravagant, fr. L. extra on the outside +
vagance, , p. pr. of vagari to wander, from vagus wandering, vague.
See Vague.]
1. Wandering beyond one's bounds; roving; hence, foreign. [Obs.]
The extravagant and erring spirit hies To his confine. Shak.
2. Exceeding due bounds; wild; excessive; unrestrained; as,
extravagant acts, wishes, praise, abuse.
There appears something nobly wild and extravagant in great natural
geniuses. Addison.
3. Profuse in expenditure; prodigal; wasteful; as, an extravagant man.
"Extravagant expense." Bancroft.
Extravagant
Ex*trav"a*gant, n.
1. One who is confined to no general rule. L'Estrange.
2. pl. (Eccl. Hist.) Certain constitutions or decretal epistles, not
at first included with others, but subsequently made a part of the
canon law.
Extravagantly
Ex*trav"a*gant*ly, adv. In an extravagant manner; wildly; excessively;
profusely.
Extravagantness
Ex*trav"a*gant*ness, n. The state of being extravagant or in excess;
excess; extravagance.
Extravaganza
Ex*trav`a*gan"za (?), n. [Extravagance with an Italian ending: cf. It.
stravaganza.]
1. A composition, as in music, or in the drama, designed to produce
effect by its wild irregularity; esp., a musical caricature.
2. An extravagant flight of sentiment or language.
Extravagate
Ex*trav"a*gate (?), v. i. [Pref. extra + L. vagatus, p. p. of vagari
to rove. See Extravagant.] To rove. Bp. Warburton.
Extravagation
Ex*trav`a*ga"tion (?), n. A wandering beyond limits; excess. [Obs.]
Smollett.
Extravasate
Ex*trav"a*sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extravasated(?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Extravasating(?).] [Pref. extra + L. vas vessel: cf. F. extravaser.
See Vase.] To force or let out of the proper vessels or arteries, as
blood.
Extravasation
Ex*trav`a*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. extravasation.] The act of forcing
or letting out of its proper vessels or ducts, as a fluid; effusion;
as, an extravasation of blood after a rupture of the vessels.
Extravascular
Ex`tra*vas"cu*lar (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Outside the vessels; -- said of
the substance of all the tissues. (b) Destitute of vessels;
non-vascular.
Extravenate
Ex*trav"e*nate (?), a. [Pref. extra + L. vena vein.] Let out of the
veins. [Obs.] "Extravenate blood." Glanvill.
Extraversion
Ex`tra*ver"sion (?), n. [Pref. extra + L. vertere, versum, to turn:
cf. F. extraversion.] The act of throwing out; the state of being
turned or thrown out. [Obs.] Boyle.
Extreat
Ex*treat" (?), n. [See Estreat, Extract.] Extraction. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extreme
Ex*treme" (?), a. [L. extremus, superl. of exter, extrus, on the
outside, outward: cf. F. extr\'88me. See Exterior.]
1. At the utmost point, edge, or border; outermost; utmost; farthest;
most remote; at the widest limit.
2. Last; final; conclusive; -- said of time; as, the extreme hour of
life.
3. The best of worst; most urgent; greatest; highest; immoderate;
excessive; most violent; as, an extreme case; extreme folly. "The
extremest remedy." Dryden. "Extreme rapidity." Sir W. Scott.
Yet extreme gusts will blow out fire. Shak.
4. Radical; ultra; as, extreme opinions.
The Puritans or extreme Protestants. Gladstone.
5. (Mus.) Extended or contracted as much as possible; -- said of
intervals; as, an extreme sharp second; an extreme flat forth.
Extreme and mean ratio (Geom.), the relation of a line and its
segments when the line is so divided that the whole is to the greater
segment is to the less. -- Extreme distance. (Paint.) See Distance.,
n., 6. -- Extreme unction. See under Unction.
NOTE: &hand; Al though th is ad jective, be ing su perlative in
signification, is not properly subject to comparison, the
superlative form not unfrequently occurs, especially in the older
writers. "Tried in his extremest state." Spenser. "Extremest
hardships." Sharp. "Extremest of evils." Bacon. "Extremest verge of
the swift brook." Shak. "The sea's extremest borders." Addison.
Extreme
Ex*treme", n.
1. The utmost point or verge; that part which terminates a body;
extremity.
2. Utmost limit or degree that is supposable or tolerable; hence,
furthest degree; any undue departure from the mean; -- often in the
plural: things at an extreme distance from each other, the most widely
different states, etc.; as, extremes of heat and cold, of virtue and
vice; extremes meet.
His parsimony went to the extreme of meanness. Bancroft.
3. An extreme state or condition; hence, calamity, danger, distress,
etc. "Resolute in most extremes." Shak.
4. (Logic) Either of the extreme terms of a syllogism, the middle term
being interposed between them.
5. (Math.) The first or the last term of a proportion or series.
In the extreme as much as possible. "The position of the Port was
difficult in the extreme." J. P. Peters.
Extremeless
Ex*treme"less (?), a. Having no extremes; infinite.
Extremely
Ex*treme"ly, adv. In an extreme manner or state; in the utmost degree;
to the utmost point; exceedingly; as, extremely hot or cold.
Extremist
Ex*trem"ist (?), n. A supporter of extreme doctrines or practice; one
who holds extreme opinions.
Extremity
Ex*trem"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Extremities(. [L. extremitas: cf. F.
extr\'82mit\'82.]
1. The extreme part; the utmost limit; the farthest or remotest point
or part; as, the extremities of a country.
They sent fleets . . . to the extremities of Ethiopia. Arbuthnot.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of locomotive appendages of an animal; a limb; a leg
or an arm of man.
3. The utmost point; highest degree; most aggravated or intense form.
"The extremity of bodily pain." Ray.
4. The highest degree of inconvenience, pain, or suffering; greatest
need or peril; extreme need; necessity.
Divers evils and extremities that follow upon such a compulsion
shall here be set in view. Milton.
Upon mere extremity he summoned this last Parliament. Milton.
Syn. -- Verge; border; extreme; end; termination.
Extricable
Ex"tri*ca*ble (?), a. Capable of being extricated. Sir W. Jones.
Extricate
Ex"tri*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extricated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extricating(?).] [L. extricatus, p. p. of extricare to extricate; ex
out + tricae trifles, impediments, perplexities. Cf. Intricate.]
1. To free, as from difficulties or perplexities; to disentangle; to
disembarrass; as, to extricate a person from debt, peril, etc.
We had now extricated ourselves from the various labyrinths and
defiles. Eustance.
2. To cause to be emitted or evolved; as, to extricate heat or
moisture. Syn. -- To disentangle; disembarrass; disengage; relieve;
evolve; set free; liberate.
Extrication
Ex`tri*ca"tion (?), n.
1. The act or process of extricating or disentangling; a freeing from
perplexities; disentanglement.
2. The act of sending out or evolving.
Extrinsic
Ex*trin"sic (?), a. [L. extrinsecus; exter on the outside + secus
otherwise, beside; akin to E. second: cf. F. extrins\'8aque. See
Exterior, Second.]
1. Not contained in or belonging to a body; external; outward;
unessential; -- opposed to intrinsic.
The extrinsic aids of education and of artificial culture. I.
Taylor.
2. (Anat.) Attached partly to an organ or limb and partly to some
other partintrinsic
.
Extrinsical
Ex*trin"sic*al (?), a. Extrinsic. -- Ex*trin"sic*al*ly(#), adv.
Extrinsicality, Extrinsicalness
Ex*trin`si*cal"i*ty (?), Ex*trin"sic*al*ness (?), n. The state or
quality of being extrinsic.
Extroitive
Ex*tro"i*tive (?), a. [L. extra on the outside + ire, itum, to go.]
Seeking or going out after external objects. [R.]<-- extroverted? -->
Their natures being almost wholly extroitive. Coleridge.
Extrorsal
Ex*tror"sal (?), a. (Bot.) Extrorse.
Extrorse
Ex*trorse" (?), a. [As if from an assumed L. extrorsus, for
extroversus; extra on the outside + vertere, versum, to turn: cf. F.
extrorse.] (Bot.) Facing outwards, or away from the axis of growth; --
said esp. of anthers occupying the outer side of the filament.
Extroversion
Ex`tro*ver"sion (?), n. [See Extrorse.] The condition of being turned
wrong side out; as, extroversion of the bladder. Dunglison.
Extruct
Ex*truct" (?), v. t. [L. extructus, exstructus, p. p. of extruere,
exstruere, to build up; ex out + struere to build.] To construct.
[Obs.] Byrom.
Extruction
Ex*truc"tion (?), n. [L. exstructio.] A building up; construction.
[Obs.] Cockeram.
Extructive
Ex*truct"ive (?), a. Constructive. [Obs.] Fulke.
Extructor
Ex*truct"or (?), n. [L.] A builder. [Obs.] Bailey.
Extrude
Ex*trude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Extruded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Extruding.] [L. extrudere, extrusum; ex out + trudere to thrust, akin
to E. threat. See Threat.] To thrust out; to force, press, or push
out; to expel; to drive off or away. "Parentheses thrown into notes or
extruded to the margin." Coleridge.
Extrusion
Ex*tru"sion (?), n. The act of thrusting or pushing out; a driving
out; expulsion.
Extuberance
Ex*tu"ber*ance (?), n. A swelling or rising; protuberance. [R.] Moxon.
Extuberancy
Ex*tu"ber*an*cy (?), n. Extuberance. [R.]
Extuberant
Ex*tu"ber*ant (?), a. [L. extuberare.] Swollen out; protuberant. [R.]
"Extuberant lips." Gayton.
Extuberate
Ex*tu"ber*ate (?), v. i. [L. extuberatus, p. pr. of extuberare to
swell; ex out + tuber a swelling.] To swell out. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Extuberation
Ex*tu`ber*a"tion (?), n. [L. extuberatio.] Protuberance. [Obs.]
Farindon.
Extumescence
Ex`tu*mes"cence (?), n. [L. ex. + tumescens, p. pr. of tumescere,
incho. fr. tumere to swell: cf. F. extumescence.] A swelling or
rising. [R.] Cotgrave.
Exuberance
Ex*u"ber*ance (?), n. [L. exuberantia: cf. F. exub\'82rance.] The
state of being exuberant; an overflowing quantity; a copious or
excessive production or supply; superabundance; richness; as, an
exuberance of joy, of fancy, or of foliage. Syn. -- Abundance;
superabundance; excess; plenty; copiousness; profusion; richness;
overflow; overgrowth; rankness; wantonness. See Abundance.
Exuberancy
Ex*u"ber*an*cy (?), . Exuberance.
Exuberant
Ex*u"ber*ant (?), a. [L. exuberans, exuberantis, p. pr. of exuberare
to be abundant; ex + uberare to be fruitful, fr. uber fruitful,
fertile, uber udder: cf. F. exub\'82rant. See Udder.] Characterized by
abundance or superabundance; plenteous; rich; overflowing; copious or
excessive in production; as, exuberant goodness; an exuberant
intellect; exuberant foliage. "Exuberant spring." Thomson. --
Ex*u"ber*ant*ly, adv.
Exuberate
Ex*u"ber*ate (?), v. i. [L. exuberatus, p. p. of exuberare. See
Exuberant, n.] To abound; to be in great abundance. [Obs.] Boyle.
Exuccous
Ex*uc"cous (?), a. See Exsuccous. [Obs.]
Exudate
Ex*u"date (?), v. t. & i. [See Exude.] To exude. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Exudation
Ex`u*da"tion (?), n. The act of exuding; sweating; a discharge of
humors, moisture, juice, or gum, as through pores or incisions; also,
the substance exuded.
Resins, a class of proximate principles, existing in almost all
plants and appearing on the external surface of many of them in the
form of exudations. Am. Cyc.
Exude
Ex*ude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exuded; p. pr. & vb. n. exuding.] [L.
exudare, exsudare, exudatum, exsudatum, to sweat out; ex out + sudare
to sweat: cf. F. exuder, exsuder. See Sweat.] To discharge through
pores or incisions, as moisture or other liquid matter; to give out.
Our forests exude turpentine in . . . abundance. Dr. T. Dwight.
Exude
Ex*ude", v. i. To flow from a body through the pores, or by a natural
discharge, as juice.
Exulcerate
Ex*ul"cer*ate (?), v. t. & i. [L. exulceratus, p. p. of exulcerare to
make sore; ex out + ulcerare. See Ulcerate.]
1. To ulcerate. [Obs.] "To exulcerate the lungs." Evelyn.
2. To corrode; to fret; to chafe; to inflame. [Obs.]
Minds exulcerated in themselves. Hooker.
Exulcerate
Ex*ul"cer*ate (?), a. [L. exulceratus, p. p.] Very sore; ulcerated.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Exulceration
Ex*ul`cer*a"tion (?), n. [L. exulceratio: cf. F. exulc\'82ration.]
[Obs. or R.]
1. Ulceration. Quincy.
2. A fretting; a festering; soreness. Hooker.
Exulcerative
Ex*ul"cer*a*tive (?), a. Tending to cause ulcers; exulceratory.
Holland.
Exulceratory
Ex*ul"cer*a*to*ry (?), a. [L. exulceratorius: cf. F.
exulc\'82ratoire.] Having a tendency to form ulcers; rendering
ulcerous.
Exult
Ex*ult" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Exulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exulting.]
[L. exultare, exsultare, exultatum, exsultatum, to leap vigorously, to
exult, intens. fr. exsilire to spring out or up; ex out + salire to
spring, leap: cf. F. exulter. See Salient.] To be in high spirits;
figuratively, to leap for joy; to rejoice in triumph or exceedingly;
to triumph; as, an exulting heart. "An exulting countenance."
Bancroft.
The dumb shall sing, the lame his crutch forego, And leap exulting
like the bounding roe. Pope.
Exultance, Exultancy
Ex*ult"ance (?), Ex*ult"an*cy (?), n. [L. exsultantia.] Exultation.
[Obs.] Burton. Hammond.
Exultant
Ex*ult"ant (?), a. [L. exsultans, exsultantis, p. pr. of exsultare.
See Exult.] Inclined to exult; characterized by, or expressing,
exultation; rejoicing triumphantly.
Break away, exultant, from every defilement. I. Tay;or.
Exultation
Ex`ul*ta"tion (?; 277), n. [L. exsultatio: cf. F. exultation.] The act
of exulting; lively joy at success or victory, or at any advantage
gained; rapturous delight; triumph.
His bosom swelled with exultation. Prescott.
Exulting
Ex*ult"ing, a. Rejoicing triumphantly or exceedingly; exultant. --
Ex*ult"ing*ly, adv.
Exundate
Ex*un"date (?), v. i. [L. exundatus, p. p. of exundare to overflow; ex
out + undare. See Undated waved.] To overflow; to inundate. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Exundation
Ex`un*da"tion (?), n. [L. exundatio.] An overflow, or overflowing
abundance. [R.] Ray.
Exungulate
Ex*un"gu*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exungulated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exungulating(?).] [L. exungulare to lose the hoof, ex out, from +
ungula. See Ungula.] To pare off, as nails, the hoof, etc. [R.]
Exuperable
Ex*u"per*a*ble (?), a. [L. exuperabilis, exsuperabilis. See
Exuperate.] Surmountable; superable. [Obs.] Johnson.
Exuperance
Ex*u"per*ance (?), n. [L. exuperantia, exsuperantia.] Superiority;
superfluity. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.
Exuperant
Ex*u"per*ant (?), a. [L. exuperans, exsuperans, p. pr.] Surpassing;
exceeding; surmounting. [Obs.]
Exuperate
Ex*u"per*ate (?), v. t. [L. exuperatus, exsuperatus, p. p. of
exuperare, exsuperare to excel; ex out + superare to go over, super
above, over.] To excel; to surmount. [Obs.]
Exuperation
Ex*u`per*a"tion (?), n. [See Exurgent.] The act of rising or coming
into view. [Obs.] Baxter.
Exurgent
Ex*ur"gent (?), a. [L. exurgens, exsurgens, p. pr. of exurgere,
exsurgere, to rise up; ex out + surgere to rise.] Arising; coming to
light. [Obs.]
Exuscitate
Ex*us"ci*tate (?), v. t. See Exsuscitate [Obs.] T. Adams.
Exustion
Ex*us"tion (?; 106), n. [L. exustio, fr. exurere, exustum, to burn up;
ex out + urere to burn.] The act or operation of burning up. Bailey.
Exutory
Ex*u"to*ry (?), n. [Cf. F. exutoire. See Exuv.] (Med.) An issue.
Exuvia
Ex*u"vi*a (?), n. sing. of Exuvi\'91.
Exuviability
Ex*u`vi*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capability of shedding the skin
periodically. Craig.
Exuviable
Ex*u"vi*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. exuviable.] Capable of being cast off in
the form of exuvi\'91.
Exuvi\'91
Ex*u"vi*\'91, n. pl. [L., fr. exuere to draw out or off, to pull off.]
1. (Zo\'94l) Cast skins, shells, or coverings of animals; any parts of
animals which are shed or cast off, as the skins of snakes, the shells
of lobsters, etc.
2. (Geol.) The fossil shells and other remains which animals have left
in the strata of the earth.
Exuvial
Ex*u"vi*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to exuvi\'91. "Exuvial layers."
"Exuvial deposits."
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Exuviate
Ex*u"vi*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Exuviated, p. pr. & vb. n.
Exuviating.] ( [From Exuviae.] (Zo\'94l.) To shed an old covering or
condition preliminary to taking on a new one; to molt.
There is reason to suppose that very old crayfish do not exuviate
every year. Huxley.
Exuviation
Ex*u`vi*a"tion (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The rejecting or casting off of some
part, more particularly, the outer cuticular layer, as the shells of
crustaceans, skins of snakes, etc.; molting; ecdysis.
Ex-voto
Ex`-vo"to (?), n.;pl. Ex-votos (-t\'94z). [L. ex out of, in accordance
with + voto, abl. of votum a vow.] An offering to a church in
fulfillment of a vow.
Ey
Ey (?), n.[AS.\'c6g. Cf.Eyot.] An island. [Obs.]
Ey
Ey, n.; pl. Eyren (. See Egg. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ey
Ey, an interj. of wonder or inquiry. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eya-let
E`ya-let" (?), n. [Turk.,fr. Ar.iy\'belah.] Formerly, one of the
administrative divisions or provinces of the Ottoman Empire; -- now
called a vilayet.
Eyas
Ey`as (?), n. [F.niais fresh from the nest, a derivative fr. L. nidus
nest. E. an eyas for a nias. See Nest, and cf. Nias, Jashawk.]
(Zo\'94l.) A nesting or unfledged Lird; in falconry, a young hawk from
the nest, not able to pr Shak J. H. Walsh
Eyas
Ey"as, a. Jnfledged, or newly fledged. [Obs.]
Like eyas hawk up mounts unto the skies, His newly budded pinions
assay. Spebser.
Eyasmusket
Ey"as*mus`ket (?), n. [Eyas + muske the brid.] An unfledged or young
male sparrow hawk. [Obs.] Shak.
Eye
Eye (?), n. [Prob. fr. nye, an eye being for a nye. See Nye.]
(Zo\'94l.) A brood; as, an eye of pheasants.
Eye
Eye (?), n. [OE. eghe, eighe, eie, eye, AS. e\'a0ge; akin to OFries.
\'bege, OS. ga, D. oog, Ohg. ouga, G. auge, Icel. auga, Sw. \'94ga,
Dan. \'94ie, Goth. aug; cf. OSlav. oko, Lish. akis, L. okulus, Gr. ,
eye, , the two eyes, Skr. akshi. Diasy, Ocular, Optic, Eyelet, Ogle.]
1. The organ of sight or vision. In man, and the vertebrates
generally, it is properly the movable ball or globe in the orbit, but
the term often includes the adjacent parts. In most invertebrates the
years are immovable ocelli, or compound eyes made up of numerous
ocelli. See Ocellus.
CAPTION: Description of il lustration: a b Conjunctiva; c Cornea; d
Sclerotic; e Choroid; f Cillary Muscle; g Cillary Process; h Iris; i
Suspensory Ligament; k Prosterior Aqueous Chamber between h and i; l
Anterior Aqueous Chamber; m Crystalline Lens; n Vitreous Humor; o
Retina; p Yellow spot; q Center of blind spot; r Artery of Retina in
center of the Optic Nerve.
NOTE: &hand; The essential parts of the eye are inclosed in a tough
outer coat, the sclerotic, to which the muscles moving it are
attached, and which in front changes into the transparent cornea. A
little way back of cornea, the crystalline lens is suspended,
dividing the eye into two unequal cavities, a smaller one in front
filled with a watery fluid, the aqueous humor, and larger one
behind filled with a clear jelly, the vitreous humor. The sclerotic
is lined with a highly pigmented membrane, the choroid, and this is
turn is lined in the back half of the eyeball with the nearly
transparent retina, in which the fibers of the optic nerve ramify.
The choroid in front is continuous with the iris, which has a
contractile opening in the center, the pupil, admitting light to
the lens which brings the rays to a focus and forms an image upon
the retina, where the light, falling upon delicate structures
called rods and cones, causes them to stimulate the fibres of the
optic nerve to transmit visual impressions to the brain.
2. The faculty of seeing; power or range of vision; hence, judgment or
taste in the use of the eye, and in judging of objects; as, to have
the eye of sailor; an eye for the beautiful or picturesque.
3. The action of the organ of sight; sight, look; view; ocular
knowledge; judgment; opinion.
In my eye, she is the sweetest lady that I looked on. Shak.
4. The space commanded by the organ of sight; scope of vision; hence,
face; front; the presence of an object which is directly opposed or
confronted; immediate presence.
We shell express our duty in his eye. Shak.
Her shell your hear disproved to her eyes. Shak.
5. Observation; oversight; watch; inspection; notice; attention;
regard. "Keep eyes upon her." Shak.
Booksellers . . . have an eye to their own advantage. Addison.
6. That which resembles the organ of sight, in form, position, or
appearance; as: (a) (Zo\'94l.) The spots on a feather, as of peacock.
(b) The scar to which the adductor muscle is attached in oysters and
other bivalve shells; also, the adductor muscle itself, esp. when used
as food, as in the scallop. (c) The bud or sprout of a plant or tuber;
as the eye of a potato. (d) The center of a target; the bull's-eye.
(e) A small loop to receive a hook; as hooks and eyes on a dress. (f)
The hole through the head of a needle. (g) A loop forming part of
anything, or a hole through anything, to receive a rope, hook, pin,
shaft, etc.; as an eye at the end of a tie bar in a bridge truss; as
an eye through a crank; an eye at the end of rope. (h) The hole
through the upper millstone.
7. That which resembles the eye in relative importance or beauty. "The
very eye of that proverb." Shak.
Athens, the eye of Greece, mother of arts. Milton.
8. Tinge; shade of color. [Obs.]
Red with an eye of blue makes a purple. Boyle.
By the eye, in abundance. [Obs.] Marlowe. -- Elliott eye (Naut.), a
loop in a hemp cable made around a thimble and served. -- Eye agate, a
kind of circle agate, the central part of which are of deeper tints
than the rest of the mass. Brande & C. -- Eye animalcule (Zo\'94l), a
flagellate infusorian belonging to Euglena and related genera; -- so
called because it has a colored spot like an eye at one end. -- Eye
doctor, an oculist. -- Eye of a volute (Arch.), the circle in the
center of volute. -- Eye of day, Eye of the morning, Eye of heaven,
the sun. "So gently shuts the eye day." Mrs. Barbauld. -- Eye of a
ship, the foremost part in the bows of a ship, where, formerly, eyes
were painted; also, the hawser holes. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- Half an eye,
very imperfect sight; a careless glance; as, to see a thing with half
an eye; often figuratively. "Those who have but half an eye. " B.
Jonson. -- To catch one's eye, to attract one's notice. -- To find
favor in the eyes (of), to be graciously received and treated. -- To
have an eye to, to pay particular attention to; to watch. "Have an eye
to Cinna." Shak. -- To keep an eye on, to watch. -- To set the eyes
on, to see; to have a sight of. -- In the eye of the wind (Naut.), in
a direction opposed to the wind; as, a ship sails in the eye of the
wind.
Eye
Eye (, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eyed (; p. pr. & vb. n. Eying OR Eyeing.]
To fix the eye on; to look on; to view; to observe; particularly, to
observe or watch narrowly, or with fixed attention; to hold in view.
Eye me, blest Providence, and square my trial To my proportioned
strength. Milton.
Eye
Eye, v. i. To appear; to look. [Obs.]
My becomings kill me, when they do not Eye well to you. Shak.
Eyeball
Eye"ball` (?), n. The ball or globe of the eye.
Eyebar
Eye"bar` (?), n. (Engin.) A bar with an eye at one or both ends.
Eyebeam
Eye"beam` (?), n. A glance of the eye. Shak.
Eyebolt
Eye"bolt` (?), n. (Mach.) A bolt which a looped head, or an opening in
the head.
Eyebright
Eye"bright` (?), n. (Bot.) A small annual plant (Euphrasia
officinalis), formerly much used as a remedy for diseases of the eye.
Eyebrow
Eye"brow` (?), n. The brow or hairy arch above the eye. Shak.
Eyecup
Eye"cup` (?), n. A small oval porcelain or glass cup, having a rim
curved to fit the orbit of the eye. it is used in the application of
liquid remedies to eyes; -- called also eyeglass.
Eyed
Eyed (?), a. Heaving (such or so many) eyes; -- used in composition;
as sharp-eyed; dull-eyed; sad-eyed; ox-eyed Juno; myriad-eyed.
Eyedrop
Eye"drop" (?), n. A tear. [Poetic] Shak.
Eyeflap
Eye"flap" (?), n. A blinder on a horse's bridle.
Eyeful
Eye"ful (?), a. Filling or satisfying the eye; visible; remarkable.
[Obs.] "Eyeful trophies." Chapman.
Eyeglance
Eye"glance` (?), n. A glance of eye.
Eyeglass
Eye"glass` (?), n.
1. A lens of glass to assist the sight. Eyeglasses are used singly or
in pairs.
2. Eyepiece of a telescope, microscope, etc.
3. The retina. [Poetic]
4. A glass eyecup. See Eyecup.
Eyehole
Eye"hole` (?), n. A circular opening to recive a hook, cord, ring, or
rope; an eyelet.
Eyelash
Eye"lash` (?), n.
1. The fringe of hair that edges the eyelid; -- usually in the pl.
2. A hair of the fringe on the edge of the eyelid.
Eyeless
Eye"less` (?), a. Without eyes; blind. "Eyeless rage." Shak.
Eyelet
Eye"let` (?), n. [F., dim. of oculus. See Eye, and cf. Oillet.]
1. A small hole or perforation to receive a cord or fastener, as in
garments, sails, etc.
2. A metal ring or grommet, or short metallic tube, the ends of which
can be bent outward and over to fasten it in place; -- used to line an
eyelet hole.
Eyelet hole, a hole made for an eyelet. -- Eyelet punch, a machine for
punching eyelet holes and fastening eyelets, as in paper or cloth. --
Eyelet ring. See Eyelet, 2.
Eyeleteer
Eye`let*eer" (?), n. A small, sharp-pointed instrument used in
piercing eyelet holes; a stiletto.
Eyelid
Eye`lid" (?), n. (Anat.) The cover of the eye; that portion of movable
skin with which an animal covers or uncovers the eyeball at pleasure.
Eyen
Ey"en (?), n. pl. Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
Eyepiece
Eye"piece` (?), n. (Opt.) The lens, or combination of lenses, at the
eye end of a telescope or other optical instrument, through which the
image formed by the mirror or object glass is viewed. Collimating
eyepiece. See under Collimate. -- Negative, or Huyghenian, eyepiece,
an eyepiece consisting of two plano-convex lenses with their curved
surfaces turned toward the object glass, and separated from each other
by about half the sum of their focal distances, the image viewed by
the eye being formed between the two lenses. it was devised by
Huyghens, who applied it to the telescope. Campani applied it to the
microscope, whence it is sometimes called Campani's eyepiece. --
Positive eyepiece, an eyepiece consisting of two plano-convex lenses
placed with their curved surfaces toward each other, and separated by
a distance somewhat less than the focal distance of the one nearest
eye, the image of the object viewed being beyond both lenses; --
called also, from the name of the inventor, Ramsden's eyepiece. --
terrestrial, or Erecting eyepiece, an eyepiece used in telescopes for
viewing terrestrial objects, consisting of three, or usually four,
lenses, so arranged as to present the image of the object viewed in an
erect position.
Eyer
Ey"er (?), n. One who eyes another. Gayton.
Eyreach
Ey"reach` (?), n. The range or reach of the eye; eyeshot. "A seat in
eyereach of him." B. Jonson.
Eyesaint
Eye"*saint` (?), n. An object of interest to the eye; one wirehaired
with the eyes. [Obs.]
That's the eye-saint, I know, Among young gallants. Beau. & Fl.
Eyesalve
Eye"salve` (?), n. Ointment for the eye.
Eyeservant
Eye"serv`ant (?), n. A servant who attends faithfully to his duty only
when watched.
Eyeservice
Eye"serv`ice (?), n. Service performed only under inspection, or the
eye of an employer.
Not with eyeservice, as menpleasers. Col. iii. 22.
Eyeshot
Eye"shot` (?), n. Range, reach, or glance of the eye; view; sight; as,
to be out of eyeshot. Dryden.
Eyesight
Eye"sight` (?), n. Sight of the eye; the sense of seeing; view;
observation.
Josephus sets this down from his own eyesight. Bp. Wilkins.
Eyesore
Eye"sore` (?), n. Something offensive to the eye or sight; a blemish.
Mordecai was an eyesore to Haman. L'Estrange.
Eyesplice
Eye"*splice` (?), n. (Naut.) A splice formed by bending a rope's and
back, and fastening it into the rope, forming a loop or eye. See
Illust. under Splice.
Eyespot
Eye"*spot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A simple visual organ found in many
invertebrates, consisting of pigment cells covering a sensory nerve
termination. (b) An eyelike spot of color.
Eyespotted
Eye"*spot`ted (?), a. Marked with spots like eyes.
Junno's bird, in her eye-spotted train. Spenser.
Eyestalk
Eye"stalk` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the movable peduncles which, in
the decapod Crustacea, bear the eyes at the tip.
Eyestone
Eye"stone` (?), n.
1. A small, lenticular, calcareous body, esp. an operculum of a small
shell of the family Tubinid, used to remove a foreign sub stance from
the eye. It is rut into the inner corner of the eye under the lid, and
allowed to work its way out at the outer corner, bringing with the
substance.
2. (Min.) Eye agate. See under Eye.
Eyestring
Eye"string` (?), n. The tendon by which the eye is moved. Shak.
Eyet
Ey"et (?), n. An island. See Eyot.
Eyetooth
Eye"tooth (?), n.; pl. Eyeteeth ( (Anat.) A canine tooth of the upper
jaw. See Teeth. To cut one's eyeteeth, to become acute or knowing.
[Colloq.]
Eyewater
Eye"wa`ter (?), n. (Med.) A wash or lotion for application to the
eyes.
Eyewink
Eye"wink` (?), n. A wink; a token. Shak.
Eyewinker
Eye"wink`er (?), n. An eyelash. [A child's word.]
Eyewitness
Eye"wit`ness (?), n. One who sees a thing done; one who has ocular
view anything.
We . . . were eyewitnesses of his majesty. 2 Pet. i. 16.
Eyghen
Ey"ghen (?), n. pl. Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eyehgt
Eyehgt (?), n. An island. See Eyot.
Eyle
Eyle (?) v. t.& i. To ail. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eyil-ad
Ey"il-ad (?), n. See (Eiliad.
Eyne, OR Eyen
Eyne (?), OR Ey"en (?), n. Plural of eye; obsolete, or used only in
poetry. Shak.
With such a plaintive gaze their eyne Are fastened upwardly on
mine. Mrs. Browning.
Eyot
Ey"ot (?), n. [Ey (AS. \'c6g or Icel. ey) + F. dim. termination -ot;
cf. AS. \'c6geo&edt;. See Island, and cf. Ait.] A little island in a
river or lake. See Ait. [Written also ait, ayt, eey, eyet, and eyght.]
Blackstone.
Eyr
Eyr (?), n. [See Air.] Air. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eyra
Ey"ra (?), n. [Native South American name.] (Zo\'94l.) A wild cat
(Felis eyra) ranging from southern Brazil to Texas. It is reddish
yellow and about the size of the domestic cat, but with a more slender
body and shorter legs.
Eyre
Eyre (?), n. [OF. erre journey, march, way, fr. L. iter, itineris, a
going, way, fr. the root of ire to go. Cf. Errant, Itinerant, Issue.]
(O. Eng. Law) A journey in circuit of certain judges called justices
in eyre (or in itinere).
NOTE: &hand; Th ey we re it inerant ju dges, wh o rode the circuit,
holding courts in the different counties.
Eyren
Ey"ren (?), n. pl. See Ey, an egg.
Eyrie, Eyry
Ey"rie, Ey"ry (?), n.; pl>. Ey"ries (#). [See Aerie] The nest of a
bird of prey or other large bird that builds in a lofty place; aerie.
The eagle and the stork On cliffs and cedar tops their eyries
build. Milton.
Eysell
Ey"sell (?), n. Same as Eisel. [Obs.] Shak.
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