Unabridged Dictionary - Letter S
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S
S (?), the nineteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a consonanat,
and is often called a sibilant, in allusion to its hissing sound. It
has two principal sounds; one a more hissing, as in sack, this; the
other a vocal hissing (the same as that of z), as in is, wise. Besides
these it sometimes has the sounds of sh and zh, as in sure, measure.
It generally has its hissing sound at the beginning of words, but in
the middle and at the end of words its sound is determined by usage.
In a few words it is silent, as in isle, d\'82bris. With the letter h
it forms the digraph sh. See Guide to pronunciation, \'c5\'c5 255-261.
NOTE: Both th e fo rm and the name of the letter S are derived from
the Latin, which got the letter through the Greek from the
Ph\'91nician. the ultimate origin is Egyptian. S is etymologically
most nearly related to c, z, t, and r; as, in ice, OE. is; E.
hence, OE. hennes; E. rase, raze; erase, razor; that, G. das; E.
reason, F. raison, L. ratio; E. was, were; chair, chaise (see C, Z,
T, and R.).
-s
-s.
1. [OE. es, AS. as.] The suffix used to form the plural of most words;
as in roads, elfs, sides, accounts.
2. [OE. -s, for older -th, AS. -\'eb.] The suffix used to form the
third person singular indicative of English verbs; as in the falls,
tells, sends.
3. An adverbial suffix; as in towards, needs, always, -- originally
the genitive, possesive, ending. See -'s.
-'s
-'s [OE. -es, AS. -es.] The suffix used to form the possessive
singular of nouns; as, boy's; man's.
's
's. A contraction for is or (colloquially) for has. "My heart's
subdued." Shak.
Saadh
Sa"adh (?), n.See Sadh.
Saan
Saan (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) Same as Bushmen.
Sabadilla
Sab`a*dil"la (?), n. [Sp. cebadilla.] (Bot.) A Mexican liliaceous
plant (Sch\'91nocaulon officinale); also, its seeds, which contain the
alkaloid veratrine. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic and
purgative.
Sab\'91an
Sa*b\'91"an (?), a. & n. Same as Sabianism.
Sab\'91anism
Sa*b\'91"an*ism (?), n. Same as Sabianism.
Sab\'91ism, Sabaism
Sa"b\'91*ism (?), Sa"ba*ism (?), n. See Sabianism.
Sabal
Sa"bal (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of palm trees including the palmetto of
the Southern United States.
Sabaoth
Sab"a*oth (s&acr;b"&asl;*&ocr;th OR s&adot;"b&amac;*&ocr;th; 277), n.
pl. [Heb. tseb\'be'&omac;th, pl. of ts\'beb\'be', an army or host, fr.
ts\'beb\'be', to go forth to war.]
1. Armies; hosts.
NOTE: [Used tw ice in the English Bible, in the phrase "The Lord of
Sabaoth."]
2. Incorrectly, the Sabbath.
Sabbat
Sab"bat (?), n. [See Sabbath.] In medi\'91val demonology, the
nocturnal assembly in which demons and sorcerers were thought to
celebrate their orgies.
Sabbatarian
Sab`ba*ta"ri*an (?), n. [L. Sabbatarius: cf. F. sabbataire. See
Sabbath.]
1. One who regards and keeps the seventh day of the week as holy,
aggreeably to the letter of the fourth commandment in the Decalogue.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere we re Ch ristians in the early church who held
this opinion, and certain Christians, esp. the Seventh-day
Baptists, hold it now.
2. A strict observer of the Sabbath.
Sabbatarian
Sab`ba*ta"ri*an, a. Of or pertaining to the Sabbath, or the tenets of
Sabbatarians.
Sabbatarianism
Sab`ba*ta"ri*an*ism (?), n. The tenets of Sabbatarians. Bp. Ward.
(1673).
Sabbath
Sab"bath (?), n. [OE. sabat, sabbat, F. sabbat, L. sabbatum, Gr.
shabb\'beth, fr. sh\'bebath to rest from labor. Cf. Sabbat.]
1. A season or day of rest; one day in seven appointed for rest or
worship, the observance of which was enjoined upon the Jews in the
Decalogue, and has been continued by the Christian church with a
transference of the day observed from the last to the first day of the
week, which is called also Lord's Day.
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Ex. xx. 8.
2. The seventh year, observed among the Israelites as one of rest and
festival. Lev. xxv. 4.
3. Fig.: A time of rest or repose; intermission of pain, effort,
sorrow, or the like.
Peaceful sleep out the sabbath of the tomb. Pope.
Sabbath breaker, one who violates the law of the Sabbath. -- Sabbath
breaking, the violation of the law of the Sabbath. -- Sabbath-day's
journey, a distance of about a mile, which, under Rabbinical law, the
Jews were allowed to travel on the Sabbath. Syn. -- Sabbath, Sunday.
Sabbath is not strictly synonymous with Sunday. Sabbath denotes the
institution; Sunday is the name of the first day of the week. The
Sabbath of the Jews is on Saturday, and the Sabbath of most Christians
on Sunday. In New England, the first day of the week has been called
"the Sabbath," to mark it as holy time; Sunday is the word more
commonly used, at present, in all parts of the United States, as it is
in England. "So if we will be the children of our heavenly Father, we
must be careful to keep the Christian Sabbathday, which is the
Sunday." Homilies.
Sabbathless
Sab"bath*less, a. Without Sabbath, or intermission of labor; hence,
without respite or rest. Bacon.
Sabbatic, Sabbatical
Sab*bat"ic (?), Sab*bat"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. sabbatique.] Of or
pertaining to the Sabbath; resembling the Sabbath; enjoying or
bringing an intermission of labor. Sabbatical year (Jewish Antiq.),
every seventh year, in which the Israelites were commanded to suffer
their fields and vineyards to rest, or lie without tillage.
Sabbatism
Sab"ba*tism (?), n. [L. sabbatismus, Gr. sabbatisme. See Sabbath.]
Intermission of labor, as upon the Sabbath; rest. Dr. H. More.
Sabbaton
Sab"ba*ton (?), n. [Cf. Sp. zapaton, a large shoe, F. sabot a wooden
shoe.] A round-toed, armed covering for the feet, worn during a part
of the sixteenth century in both military and civil dress.
Sabean
Sa*be"an (?), a. & n. Same as Sabian.
Sabeism
Sa"be*ism (?), n. Same as Sabianism.
Sabella
Sa*bel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sabulum gravel.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
tubiculous annelids having a circle of plumose gills around head.
Sabellian
Sa*bel"li*an (?), a. Pertaining to the doctrines or tenets of
Sabellius. See Sabellian, n.
Sabellian
Sa*bel"li*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Sabellius, a
presbyter of Ptolemais in the third century, who maintained that there
is but one person in the Godhead, and that the Son and Holy Spirit are
only different powers, operations, or offices of the one God the
Father.
Sabellianism
Sa*bel"li*an*ism (?), n. (Eccl.) The doctrines or tenets of Sabellius.
See Sabellian, n.
Sabelloid
Sa*bel"loid (?), a. [Sabella + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like, or related to,
the genus Sabella. -- Sa*bel"loid, n.
Saber, Sabre
Sa"ber, Sa"bre (?), n. [F. sabre, G. s\'84bel; of uncertain origin;
cf. Hung. sz\'a0blya, Pol. szabla, Russ. sabla, and L. Gr. A sword
with a broad and heavy blade, thick at the back, and usually more or
less curved like a scimiter; a cavalry sword. Saber fish, OR Sabre
fish (Zo\'94l.), the cutlass fish.
Saber, Sabre
Sa"ber, Sa"bre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sabered (?) or Sabred (; p. pr. &
vb. n. Sabering or Sabring (.] [Cf. F. sabrer.] To strike, cut, or
kill with a saber; to cut down, as with a saber.
You send troops to saber and bayonet us into submission. Burke.
Saberbill, Sabrebill
Sa"ber*bill`, Sa"bre*bill`, n. (Zo\'94l.) The curlew.
Sabian
Sa"bi*an (?), a. [L. Sabaeus.] [Written also Sabean, and
Sab\'91anism.]
1. Of or pertaining to Saba in Arabia, celebrated for producing
aromatic plants.
2. Relating to the religion of Saba, or to the worship of the heavenly
bodies.
Sabian
Sa"bi*an, n. An adherent of the Sabian religion; a worshiper of the
heavenly bodies. [Written also Sab\'91an, and Sabean.]
Sabianism
Sa"bi*an*ism (?), n. The doctrine of the Sabians; the Sabian religion;
that species of idolatry which consists in worshiping the sun, moon,
and stars; heliolatry. [Written also Sab\'91anism.]
Sabicu
Sab"i*cu (?), n. The very hard wood of a leguminous West Indian tree
(Lysilona Sabicu), valued for shipbuilding.
Sabine
Sa"bine (?), a. [L. Sabinus.] Of or pertaining to the ancient Sabines,
a people of Italy. -- n. One of the Sabine people.
Sabine
Sab"ine (?), n. [F., fr. L. Sabina herba, fr. Sabini the Sabines. Cf.
Savin.] (Bot.) See Savin.
Sable
Sa"ble (?), n. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL.
sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel;
all fr. Russ. s\'a2bole.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela
zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and
America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sable resembles the marten, but has a longer head
and ears. Its fur consists of a soft under wool, with a dense coat
of hair, overtopped by another still longer. It varies greatly in
color and quality according to the locality and the season of the
year. The darkest and most valuable furs are taken in autumn and
winter in the colder parts of Siberia, Russia, and British North
America.
NOTE: &hand; The American sable, or marten, was formerly considered
a distinct species (Mustela Americana), but it differs very little
from the Asiatic sable, and is now considered only a geographical
variety.
2. The fur of the sable.
3. A mouring garment; a funeral robe; -- generally in the plural.
"Sables wove by destiny." Young.
4. (Her.) The tincture black; -- represented by vertical and
horizontal lines each other.
Sable
Sa"ble (?), a. Of the color of the sable's fur; dark; black; -- used
chiefly in poetry.
Night, sable goddess! from her ebon throne, In rayless majesty, now
stretches forth Her leaden scepter o'er a slumbering world. Young.
Sable antelope (Zo\'94l.), a large South African antelope (Hippotragus
niger). Both sexes have long, sharp horns. The adult male is black;
the female is dark chestnut above, white beneath. -- Sable iron, a
superior quality of Russia iron; -- so called because originally
stamped with the figure of a sable. -- Sable mouse (Zo\'94l.), the
lemming.
Sable
Sa"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sabled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sabling (?).]
To render sable or dark; to drape darkly or in black.
Sabled all in black the shady sky. G. Fletcher.
Sabot
Sa`bot" (?), n. [F.]
1. A kind of wooden shoe worn by the peasantry in France, Belgium,
Sweden, and some other European countries.
2. (Mil.) A thick, circular disk of wood, to which the cartridge bag
and projectile are attached, in fixed ammunition for cannon; also, a
piece of soft metal attached to a projectile to take the groove of the
rifling.
Saboti\'8are
Sa`bo"ti\'8are (?), n. [F.] A kind of freezer for ices.
Sabre
Sa"bre (?), n. & v. See Saber.
Sabretasche
Sa"bre*tasche` (?), n. [F. sabretache, G. s\'84bel, tasche; s\'84bel
salber + tasche a pocket.] (Mil.) A leather case or pocket worn by
cavalry at the left side, suspended from the sword belt. Campbell
(Dict. Mil. Sci. ).
Sabrina work
Sa*bri"na work` (?). A variety of appliqu\'82 work for quilts, table
covers, etc. Caulfeild & S. (Dict. of Needlework).
Sabulose
Sab"u*lose (?), a. [L. sabulosus, from sabulum, sabulo, sand.] (Bot.)
Growing in sandy places.
Sabulosity
Sab`u*los"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being sabulous; sandiness;
grittiness.
Sabulous
Sab"u*lous (?), a. [L. sabulosus.] Sandy; gritty.
Sac
Sac (?), n. (Ethnol.) See Sace.
Sac
Sac, n. [See Sake, Soc.] (O.Eng. Law) The privilege formerly enjoyed
the lord of a manor, of holding courts, trying causes, and imposing
fines. Cowell.
Sac
Sac (?), n. [F., fr. L. saccus a sack. See Sack a bag.]
1. See 2d Sack.
2. (Biol.) A cavity, bag, or receptacle, usually containing fluid, and
either closed, or opening into another cavity to the exterior; a sack.
Sacalait
Sac"a*lait (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of fresh-water bass; the crappie.
[Southern U.S.]
Sacar
Sa"car (?), n. See Saker.
Saccade
Sac*cade" (?), n. [F.] (Man.) A sudden, violent check of a horse by
drawing or twitching the reins on a sudden and with one pull.
Saccate
Sac"cate (?), a. [NL. saccatus, fr. L. saccus a sack, bag.]
1. (Biol.) Having the form of a sack or pouch; furnished with a sack
or pouch, as a petal.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Saccata, a suborder of
ctenophores having two pouches into which the long tentacles can be
retracted.
Saccharate
Sac"cha*rate (?), n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharic acid. (b) In a
wider sense, a compound of saccharose, or any similar carbohydrate,
with such bases as the oxides of calcium, barium, or lead; a sucrate.
Saccharic
Sac*char"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from,
saccharine substances; specifically, designating an acid obtained, as
a white amorphous gummy mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose,
sucrose, etc.
Sacchariferous
Sac`cha*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. saccharon sugar + -ferous.] Producing
sugar; as, sacchariferous canes.
Saccharify
Sac*char"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saccharified (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Saccharifing (?).] [L. saccharon sugar + -fy: cf. F. saccharifier.]
Toconvert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.
Saccharilla
Sac`cha*ril"la (?), n. A kind of muslin.
Saccharimeter
Sac`cha*rim"e*ter (?), n. [L. saccharon sugar + -meter: cf. F.
saccharim\'8atre.] An instrument for ascertain the quantity of
saccharine matter in any solution, as the juice of a plant, or
brewers' and distillers' worts. [Written also saccharometer.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon sa ccharimeter of th e br ewer is an
hydrometer adapted by its scale to point out the proportion of
saccharine matter in a solution of any specific gravity. The
polarizing saccharimeter of the chemist is a complex optical
apparatus, in which polarized light is transmitted through the
saccharine solution, and the proportion of sugar indicated by the
relative deviation of the plane of polarization.
Saccharimetrical
Sac`cha*ri*met"ric*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to saccharimetry;
obtained saccharimetry.
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Page 1265
Saccharimetry
Sac`cha*rim"e*try (?), n. The act, process or method of determining
the amount and kind of sugar present in sirup, molasses, and the like,
especially by the employment of polarizing apparatus.
Saccharin
Sac"cha*rin (?), n. [F., from L. saccharon sugar.] (Chem.) A bitter
white crystalline substance obtained from the saccharinates and
regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; -- so called because
formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar (saccharose).
Saccharinate
Sac"cha*ri*nate (?), n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharinic acid. (b) A
salt of saccharine.
Saccharine
Sac"cha*rine (? OR ?), a. [F. saccharin, fr. L. saccharob sugar, Gr.
&cced;arkara. Cf. Sugar.] Of or pertaining to sugar; having the
qualities of sugar; producing sugar; sweet; as, a saccharine taste;
saccharine matter.
Saccharine
Sac"cha*rine (? OR ?), n. (Chem.) A trade name for benzoic sulphinide.
[Written also saccharin.] <-- A synthetic sweetening agent used (in
the form of the sodium salt) as a non-caloric sweetening agent, to
avoid gaining weight or for medical purposes. Benzoic sulfimide,
C7H5NO3S. -->
Saccharinic
Sac"cha*rin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from,
saccharin; specifically, designating a complex acid not known in the
free state but well known in its salts, which are obtained by boiling
dextrose and levulose (invert sugar) with milk of lime.
Saccharize
Sac"cha*rize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saccharized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Saccharizing (?).] To convert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.
Saccharoid, Saccharoidal
Sac"cha*roid (?), Sac`cha*roid"al (?), a. [L. saccharon sugar + -oid:
cf. F. saccharo\'8bde.] resembling sugar, as in taste, appearance,
consistency, or composition; as, saccharoidal limestone.
Saccharometer
Sac`cha*rom"e*ter (?), n. A saccharimeter.
Saccharomyces
Sac`cha*ro*my"ces (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) A genus of budding
fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a greater or
less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid.
They are the active agents in producing fermentation of wine, beer,
etc. Saccharomyces cerevisi\'91 is the yeast of sedimentary beer. Also
called Torula.<-- Brewers' yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. -->
Saccharomycetes
Sac`cha*ro*my*ce"tes (?), n. pl. (Biol.) A family of fungi consisting
of the one genus Saccharomyces.
Saccharonate
Sac"cha*ro*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of saccharonic acid.
Saccharone
Sac"cha*rone (?), n. [Saccharin + lactone,] (Chem.) (a) A white
crystalline substance, C6H8O6, obtained by the oxidation of saccharin,
and regarded as the lactone of saccharonic acid. (b) An oily liquid,
C6H10O2, obtained by the reduction of saccharin.
Saccharonic
Sac`cha*ron"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from,
saccharone; specifically, designating an unstable acid which is
obtained from saccharone (a) by hydration, and forms a well-known
series of salts.
Saccharose
Sac"cha*rose` (?), n. (Chem.) Cane sugar; sucrose; also, in general,
any one of the group of which saccharose, or sucrose proper, is the
type. See Sucrose.
Saccharous
Sac"cha*rous (?), a. Saccharine.
Saccharum
Sac"cha*rum (?), n. [NL. See Saccharine.] (Bot.) A genus of tall
tropical grasses including the sugar cane.
Saccholactate
Sac`cho*lac"tate (?), n. [See Saccharolactatic.] (Chem.) A salt of
saccholactactic acid; -- formerly called also saccholate. [Obs.] See
Mucate.
Saccholactic
Sac`cho*lac"tic (?), a. [L. saccharon sugar + lac, lactis, milk.]
(Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid now called mucic
acid; saccholic. [Obs.]
Saccholic
Sac*chol"ic (?), a. Saccholatic. [Obs.]
Sacchulmate
Sac*chul"mate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sacchulmic acid.
Sacchulmic
Sac*chul"mic (?), a. [Saccharine + ulmic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to,
or designating, an acid obtained as a dark amorphous substance by the
long-continued boiling of sucrose with very dilute sulphuric acid. It
resembles humic acid. [Written also sacculmic.]
Sacchulmin
Sac*chul"min (?), n. (Chem.) An amorphous huminlike substance
resembling sacchulmic acid, and produced together with it.
Sacciferous
Sac*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. saccus a sack + -ferous.] (Biol.) Bearing a
sac.
Sacciform
Sac"ci*form (?), a. [L. saccus a sack + -form.] (Biol.) Having the
general form of a sac.
Saccoglossa
Sac`co*glos"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. saccus a sack + Gr. (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Pellibranchiata.
Saccular
Sac"cu*lar (?), a. Like a sac; sacciform.
Sacculated
Sac"cu*la`ted (?), a. Furnished with little sacs.
Saccule
Sac"cule (?), n. [L. sacculus, dim. of saccus sack.] A little sac;
specifically, the sacculus of the ear.
Sacculo-cochlear
Sac`cu*lo-coch"le*ar (?), a. (Anat.) pertaining to the sacculus and
cochlea of the ear.
Sacculo-utricular
Sac`cu*lo-u*tric"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the sacculus and
utriculus of the ear.
Sacculus
Sac"cu*lus (?), n.; pl. Sacculi (#). [L., little sack.] (Anat.) A
little sac; esp., a part of the membranous labyrinth of the ear. See
the Note under Ear.
Saccus
Sac"cus (?), n.; pl. Sacci (#). [L., a sack.] (Biol.) A sac.
Sacellum
Sa*cel"lum (?), n.; pl. Sacella (#). [L., dim. of sacrum a sacred
place.] (a) (Rom. Antiq.) An unroofed space consecrated to a divinity.
(b) (Eccl.) A small monumental chapel in a church. Shipley.
Sacerdotal
Sac`er*do"tal (?), a. [L. sacerdotalis, fr. sacerdos, -otis, a priest,
fr.sacer holy, sacred: cf. F. sacerdotal.] Of or pertaining to
priests, or to the order of priests; relating to the priesthood;
priesty; as, sacerdotal dignity; sacerdotal functions.
The ascendency of the sacerdotal order was long the ascendency
which naturally and properly belongs to intellectual superiority.
Macaulay.
Sacerdotalism
Sac`er*do"tal*ism (?), m. The system, style, spirit, or character, of
a priesthood, or sacerdotal order; devotion to the interests of the
sacerdotal order.
Sacerdotally
Sac`er*do"tal*ly, adv. In a sacerdotal manner.
Sachel
Sach"el (?), n. A small bag. See Satchel.
Sachem
Sa"chem (?), n. A chief of a tribe of the American Indians; a
sagamore.
Sachemdom
Sa"chem*dom (?), n. The government or jurisdiction of a sachem. Dr. T.
Dwight.
Sachemship
Sa"chem*ship, n. Office or condition of a sachem.
Sachet
Sa`chet" (?), n. [F., dim. of sac. See Sac.] A scent bag, or perfume
cushion, to be laid among handkerchiefe, garments, etc., to perfume
them.
Saciety
Sa*ci"e*ty (?), n. Satiety. [Obs.] Bacon.
Sack
Sack (?), n. [OE. seck, F. sec dry (cf. Sp. seco, It secco), from L.
siccus dry, harsh; perhaps akin to Gr. sikata sand, Ir. sesc dry, W.
hysp. Cf. Desiccate.] A anme formerly given to various dry Spanish
wines. "Sherris sack." Shak. Sack posset, a posset made of sack, and
some other ingredients.
Sack
Sack, n. [OE. sak, sek, AS. sacc, s\'91cc, L. saccus, Gr. sak; cf. F.
sac from the Latin. Cf. Sac, Satchel, Sack to plunder.]
1. A bag for holding and carrying goods of any kind; a receptacle made
of some kind of pliable material, as cloth, leather, and the like; a
large pouch.
2. A measure of varying capacity, according to local usage and the
substance. The American sack of salt is 215 pounds; the sack of wheat,
two bushels. McElrath.
3. [Perhaps a different word.] Originally, a loosely hanging garnment
for women, worn like a cloak about the shoulders, and serving as a
decorative appendage to the gown; now, an outer garment with sleeves,
worn by women; as, a dressing saek. [Written also sacque.]
4. A sack coat; a kind of coat worn by men, and extending from top to
bottom without a cross seam.
5. (Biol.) See 2d Sac, 2. <--6. [Colloq.] Bed. -->
Sack bearer (Zo\'94l.). See Basket worm, under Basket. -- Sack tree
(Bot.), an East Indian tree (Antiaris saccidora) which is cut into
lengths, and made into sacks by turning the bark inside out, and
leaving a slice of the wood for a bottom. -- To give the sack to OR
get the sack, to discharge, or be discharged, from employment; to
jilt, or be jilted. [Slang]<-- hit the sack, go to bed. -->
Sack
Sack, v. t.
1. To put in a sack; to bag; as, to sack corn.
Bolsters sacked in cloth, blue and crimson. L. Wallace.
2. To bear or carry in a sack upon the back or the shoulders.
[Colloq.]
Sack
Sack, n. [F. sac plunder, pillage, originally, a pack, packet, booty
packed up, fr. L. saccus. See Sack a bag.] the pillage or plunder, as
of a town or city; the storm and plunder of a town; devastation;
ravage.
The town was stormed, and delivered up to sack, -- by which phrase
is to be understood the perpetration of all those outrages which
the ruthless code of war allowed, in that age, on the persons and
property of the defenseless inhabitants, without regard to sex or
age. Prescott.
Sack
Sack, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sacking.] [See
Sack pillage.] To plunder or pillage, as a town or city; to devastate;
to ravage.
The Romans lay under the apprehension of seeing their city sacked
by a barbarous enemy. Addison.
Sackage
Sack"age (?; 48), n. The act of taking by storm and pillaging; sack.
[R.] H. Roscoe.
Sackbut
Sack"but (?), n. [F. saquebute, OF. saqueboute a sackbut. earlier, a
sort of hook attached to the end of a lance used by foot soldiers to
unhorse cavalrymen; prop. meaning, pull and push; fr. saquier,
sachier, to pull, draw (perhaps originally, to put into a bag or take
out from a bag; see Sack a bag) + bouter to push (see Butt to thrust).
The name was given to the musical instrument from its being lengthened
and shortened.] (Mus.) A brass wind instrument, like a bass trumpet,
so contrived that it can be lengthened or shortened according to the
tone required; -- said to be the same as the trombone. [Written also
sagbut.] Moore (Encyc. of Music).
NOTE: &hand; The sackbut of the Scriptures is supposed to have been
a stringed instrument.
Sackcloth
Sack"cloth` (?; 115), n. Linen or cotton cloth such a sacks are made
of; coarse cloth; anciently, a cloth or garment worn in mourning,
distress, mortification, or penitence.
Gird you with sackcloth, and mourn before Abner. 2 Sam. iii. 31.
Thus with sackcloth I invest my woe. Sandys.
sackclothed
sack"clothed` (?), a. Clothed in sackcloth.
Sacker
Sack"er (?), n. One who sacks; one who takes part in the storm and
pillage of a town.
Sackful
Sack"ful (?), n.; pl. Sackfuls (. As much as a sack will hold.
Sackful
Sack"ful, a. Bent on plunder. [Obs.] Chapman.
Sacking
Sack"ing, n. [AS. s\'91ccing, from s\'91cc sack, bag.] Stout, coarse
cloth of which sacks, bags, etc., are made.
Sackless
Sack"less, a. [AS. sacle\'a0s; sacu contention + le\'a0s loose, free
from.] Quiet; peaceable; harmless; innocent. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Sack-winged
Sack"-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a peculiar pouch developed
near the front edge of the wing; -- said of certain bats of the genus
Saccopteryx.
Sacque
Sacque (?), n. [Formed after the analogy of the French. See 2d Sack.]
Same as 2d Sack, 3.
Sacral
Sa"cral (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sacrum; in the region
of the sacrum.
Sacrament
Sac"ra*ment (?), n. [L. sacramentum an oath, a sacred thing, a
mystery, a sacrament, fr. sacrare to declare as sacred, sacer sacred:
cf. F. sacrament. See Sacred.]
1. The oath of allegiance taken by Roman soldiers; hence, a sacred
ceremony used to impress an obligation; a solemn oath-taking; an oath.
[Obs.]
I'll take the sacrament on't. Shak.
2. The pledge or token of an oath or solemn cobenant; a sacred thing;
a mystery. [Obs.]
God sometimes sent a light of fire, and pillar of a cloud . . . and
the sacrament of a rainbow, to guide his people through their
portion of sorrows. Jer. Taylor.
3. (Theol.) One of the solemn religious ordinances enjoined by Christ,
the head of the Christian church, to be observed by his followers;
hence, specifically, the eucharist; the Lord's Supper. Syn. --
Sacrament, Eucharist. -- Protestants apply the term sacrament to
baptism and the Lord's Supper, especially the latter. The R. Cath. and
Greek churches have five other sacraments, viz., confirmation,
penance, holy orders, matrimony, and extreme unction. As sacrament
denotes an oath or vow, the word has been applied by way of emphasis
to the Lord's Supper, where the most sacred vows are renewed by the
Christian in commemorating the death of his Redeemer. Eucharist
denotes the giving of thanks; and this term also has been applied to
the same ordinance, as expressing the grateful remembrance of Christ's
sufferings and death. "Some receive the sacrament as a means to
procure great graces and blessings; others as an eucharist and an
office of thanksgiving for what they have received." Jer. Taylor.
Sacrament
Sac"ra*ment (?), v. t. To bind by an oath. [Obs.] Laud.
Sacramental
Sac`ra*men"tal (?), a. [L. sacramentalis: cf. F. sacramental,
sacramentel.]
1. Of or pertaining to a sacrament or the sacraments; of the nature of
a sacrament; sacredly or solemny binding; as, sacramental rites or
elements.
2. Bound by a sacrament.
The sacramental host of God's elect. Cowper.
Sacramental
Sac`ra*men"tal, n. That which relates to a sacrament. Bp. Morton.
Sacramentalism
Sac`ra*men"tal*ism (?), n. The doctrine and use of sacraments;
attashment of excessive importance to sacraments.
Sacramentalist
Sac`ra*men"tal*ist, n. One who holds the doctrine of the real
objective presence of Christ;s body and blood in the holy eucharist.
Shipley.
Sacramentally
Sac`ra*men"tal*ly, adv. In a sacrament manner.
Sacramentarian
Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an (?), n. [LL. sacramentarius: cf. F.
sacramentaire.]
1. (Eccl.) A name given in the sixteenth century to those German
reformers who rejected both the Roman and the Lutheran doctrine of the
holy eucharist.
2. One who holds extreme opinions regarding the efficacy of
sacraments.
Sacramentarian
Sac`ra*men*ta"ri*an, a.
1. Of or pertaining a sacrament, or to the sacramentals; sacramental.
2. Of or pertaining to the Sacramentarians.
Sacramenttary
Sac`ra*ment"ta*ry (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining a sacrament or the sacraments; sacramental.
2. Of or pertaining to the Sacramentarians.
Sacramentary
Sac`ra*men"ta*ry, n.; pl. -ries (#). [LL. sacramentarium: cf. F.
sacramentaire.]
1. An ancient book of the Roman Catholic Church, written by Pope
Gelasius, and revised, corrected, and abridged by St. Gregory, in
which were contained the rites for Mass, the sacraments, the
dedication of churches, and other ceremonies. There are several
ancient books of the same kind in France and Germany.
2. Same as Sacramentarian, n., 1.
Papists, Anabaptists, and Sacramentaries. Jer. Taylor.
Sacramentize
Sac"ra*ment*ize (?), v. i. To administer the sacraments. [R.]
Both to preach and sacramentize. Fuller.
Sacrarium
Sa*cra"ri*um (?), n.; pl. -ria (#). [L., fr. sacer sacred.]
1. A sort of family chapel in the houses of the Romans, devoted to a
special divinity.
2. The adytum of a temple. Gwilt.
3. In a Christian church, the sanctuary.
Sacrate
Sa"crate (?), v. t. [L. sacratus, p.p. of sacrare. See Sacred.] To
consecrate. [Obs.]
Sacration
Sa*cra"tion (?), n. Consecration. [Obs.]
Sacre
Sa"cre (?), n. See Sakker.
Sacre
Sa"cre, v. t. [F. sacrer. See Sacred.] To consecrate; to make sacred.
[Obs.] Holland.
Sacred
Sa"cred (?), a. [Originally p.p. of OE. sacren to consecrate, F.
sacrer, fr. L. sacrare, fr. sacer sacred, holy, cursed. Cf.
Consecrate, Execrate, Saint, Sextion.]
1. Set apart by solemn religious ceremony; especially, in a good
sense, made holy; set apart to religious use; consecrated; not profane
or common; as, a sacred place; a sacred day; sacred service.
2. Relating to religion, or to the services of religion; not secular;
religious; as, sacred history.
Smit with the love of sacred song. Milton.
3. Designated or exalted by a divine sanction; possessing the highest
title to obedience, honor, reverence, or veneration; entitled to
extreme reverence; venerable.
Such neighbor nearness to our sacred [royal] blood Should nothing
privilege him. Shak.
Poet and saint to thee alone were given, The two most sacred names
of earth and heaven. Cowley.
4. Hence, not to be profaned or violated; inviolable.
Secrets of marriage still are sacred held. Dryden.
5. Consecrated; dedicated; devoted; -- with to.
A temple, sacred to the queen oflove. Dryden.
6. Solemnly devoted, in a bad sense, as to evil, vengeance, curse, or
the like; accursed; baleful. [Archaic]
But, to destruction sacred and devote. Milton.
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Society of the Sacred Heart (R.C. Ch.), a religious order of women,
founded in France in 1800, and approved in 1826. It was introduced
into America in 1817. The members of the order devote themselves to
the higher branches of female education. -- Sacred baboon. (Zo\'94l.)
See Hamadryas. -- Sacred bean (Bot.), a seed of the Oriental lotus
(Nelumbo speciosa or Nelimbium speciosum), a plant resembling a water
lily; also, the plant itself. See Lotus. -- Sacred beetle (Zo\'94l.)
See Scarab. -- Sacred canon. See Canon, n., 3. -- Sacred fish
(Zo\'94l.), any one of fresh-water African fishes of the family
Mormyrid\'91. Several large species inhabit the Nile and were
considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians; especially Mormyris
oxyrhynchus. -- Sacred ibis. See Ibis. -- Sacred monkey. (Zo\'94l.)
(a) Any Asiatic monkey of the genus Semnopitchecus, regarded as sacred
by the Hindoos; especially, the entellus. See Entellus. (b) The sacred
baboon. See Hamadryas. (c) The blunder monkey. -- Sacred place (Civil
Law), the place where a deceased person is buried. Syn. -- Holy;
divine; hallowed; consecrated; dedicated; devoted; religious;
venerable; reverend. -- Sa"cred*ly (#), adv. -- Sa"cred*ness, n.
Sacrific, Sacrifical
Sacrif"ic (?), Sa*crif"ic*al (?), a. [L. sacrificus, sacrificalis. See
Sacrifice.] Employed in sacrifice. [R.] Johnson.
Sacrificable
Sa*crif"ic*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being offered in sacrifice. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Sacrificant
Sa*crif"ic*ant (?), n. [L. sacrificans, p.pr. See Sacrifice.] One who
offers a sacrifice. [R.]
Sacrificator
Sac"ri*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] A sacrificer; one who offers a
sacrifice. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Sacrifictory
Sa*crif"ic*to*ry (?), n. [Cf. F. sacrificatoire.] Offering sacrifice.
[R.] Sherwood.
Sacrifice
Sac"ri*fice (?; 277), n. [OE. sacrifise, sacrifice, F. sacrifice, fr.
L. sacrificium; sacer sacer + facere to make. See Sacred, and Fact.]
1. The offering of anything to God, or to a god; consecratory rite.
Great pomp, and sacrifice, and praises loud, To Dagon. Milton.
2. Anything consecrated and offered to God, or to a divinity; an
immolated victin, or an offering of any kind, laid upon an altar, or
otherwise presented in the way of religious thanksgiving, atonement,
or conciliation.
Moloch, horrid king, besmeared with blood Of human sacrifice.
Milton.
My life, if thou preserv's my life, Thy sacrifice shall be.
Addison.
3. Destruction or surrender of anything for the sake of something
else; devotion of some desirable object in behalf of a higher object,
or to a claim deemed more pressing; hence, also, the thing so devoted
or given up; as, the sacrifice of interest to pleasure, or of pleasure
to interest.
4. A sale at a price less than the cost or the actual value.
[Tradesmen's Cant]
Burnt sacrifice. See Burnt offering, under Burnt. -- Sacrifice hit
(Baseball), in batting, a hit of such a kind that the batter loses his
chance of tallying, but enables one or more who are on bases to get
home or gain a base.
Sacrifice
Sac"ri*fice (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sacrificed (; p. pr. & vb.
n. Sacrificing (.] [From Sacrifice, n.: cf. F. sacrifier, L.
sacrificare; sacer sacred, holy + -ficare (only in comp.) to make. See
-fy.]
1. To make an offering of; to consecrate or present to a divinity by
way of expiation or propitiation, or as a token acknowledgment or
thanksgiving; to immolate on the altar of God, in order to atone for
sin, to procure favor, or to express thankfulness; as, to sacrifice an
ox or a sheep.
Oft sacrificing bullock, lamb, or kid. Milton.
2. Hence, to destroy, surrender, or suffer to be lost, for the sake of
obtaining something; to give up in favor of a higher or more
imperative object or duty; to devote, with loss or suffering.
Condemned to sacrifice his childish years To babbling ignorance,
and to empty fears. Prior.
The Baronet had sacrificed a large sum . . . for the sake of . . .
making this boy his heir. G. Eliot.
3. To destroy; to kill. Johnson.
4. To sell at a price less than the cost or the actual value.
[Tradesmen's Cant]
Sacrifice
Sac"ri*fice, v. i. To make offerings to God, or to a deity, of things
consumed on the altar; to offer sacrifice.
O teacher, some great mischief hath befallen To that meek man, who
well had sacrificed. Milton.
Sacrificer
Sac"ri*fi`cer (?), n. One who sacrifices.
Sacrificial
Sac`ri*fi"cial (?), a. Of or pertaining to sacrifice or sacrifices;
consisting in sacrifice; performing sacrifice. "Sacrificial rites."
Jer. Taylor.
Sacrilege
Sac"ri*lege (?), n. [F. sacril\'8age, L. sacrilegium, from sacrilegus
that steals, properly, gathers or picks up, sacred things; sacer
sacred + legere to gather, pick up. See Sacred, and Legend.] The sin
or crime of violating or profaning sacred things; the alienating to
laymen, or to common purposes, what has been appropriated or
consecrated to religious persons or uses.
And the hid treasures in her sacred tomb With sacrilege to dig.
Spenser.
Families raised upon the ruins of churches, and enriched with the
spoils of sacrilege. South.
Sacrilegious
Sac`ri*le"gious (?), a. [From sacrilege: cf. L. sacrilegus.] Violating
sacred things; polluted with sacrilege; involving sacrilege; profane;
impious.
Above the reach of sacrilegious hands. pope.
-- Sac`ri*le"gious*ly, adv. -- Sac`ri*le"gious*ness, n.
Sacrilegist
Sac"ri*le`gist (?), n. One guilty of sacrilege.
Sacring
Sac"ring (?), a. & n. from Sacre. Sacring bell. See Sanctus bell,
under Sanctus.
Sacrist
Sa"crist (?), n. [LL. sacrista. See Sacristan.] A sacristan; also, a
person retained in a cathedral to copy out music for the choir, and
take care of the books.
Sacristan
Sac"ris*tan (?), n. [F. sacristian, LL. sacrista, fr. L. sacer. See
Sacred, and cf. Sexton.] An officer of the church who has the care of
the utensils or movables, and of the church in general; a sexton.
Sacristy
Sac"ris*ty (?), n.; pl. Sacristies (#). [F. sacristie, LL. sacristia,
fr. L. sacer. See Sacred.] A apartment in a church where the sacred
utensils, vestments, etc., are kept; a vestry.
Sacro-
Sa"cro- (. (Anat.) A combining form denoting connection with, or
relation to, the sacrum, as in sacro-coccyageal, sacro-iliac,
sacrosciatic.
Sacrosanct
Sac"ro*sanct (?), a. [L. sucrosanctus.] Sacred; inviolable. [R.] Dr.
H. More.
Sacrosciatic
Sa`cro*sci*at"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the sacrum
and the hip; as, the sacrosciatic formina formed by the sacrosciatic
ligaments which connect the sacrum and hip bone.
Sacrovertebral
Sa`cro*ver"te*bral (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sacrum and
that part of the vertebral column immediately anterior to it; as, the
sacrovertebral angle.
sacrum
sa"crum (?), n.; pl. sacra (. [NL., fr. L. sacer sacred, os sacrum the
lowest bone of the spine.] (Anat.) That part of the vertebral column
which is directly connected with, or forms a part of, the pelvis.
NOTE: &hand; It may consist of a single vertebra or of several more
or less consolidated. In man it forms the dorsal, or posterior,
wall of the pelvis, and consists of five united vertebr\'91, which
diminish in size very rapidly to the posterior extremity, which
bears the coccyx.
Sacs
Sacs (?), n. pl.; sing. Sac (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians, which,
together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region about Green Bay,
Wisconsin. [Written also Sauks.]
Sad
Sad (?), a. [Compar. Sadder (?); supperl. Saddest.] [OE. sad sated,
tired, satisfied, firm, steadfast, AS. s\'91d satisfied, sated; akin
to D. zat, OS. sad, G. tt, OHG. sat, sa, saddr, Goth. saps, Lith.
sotus, L. sat, satis, enough, satur sated, Gr. Assets, Sate, Satiate,
Satisfy Satire.]
1. Sated; satisfied; weary; tired. [Obs.]
Yet of that art they can not waxen sad, For unto them it is a
bitter sweet. Chaucer.
2. Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard. [Obs., except in a few
phrases; as, sad bread.]
His hand, more sad than lump of lead. Spenser.
Chalky lands are naturally cold and sad. Mortimer.
3. Dull; grave; dark; somber; -- said of colors. "Sad-colored
clothes." Walton.
Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of all
sad colors. Mortimer.
4. Serious; grave; sober; steadfast; not light or frivolous. [Obs.]
"Ripe and sad courage." Bacon.
Which treaty was wisely handled by sad and discrete counsel of both
parties. Ld. Berners.
5. Affected with grief or unhappiness; cast down with affliction;
downcast; gloomy; mournful.
First were we sad, fearing you would not come; Now sadder, that you
come so unprovided. Shak.
The angelic guards ascended, mute and sad. Milton.
6. Afflictive; calamitous; causing sorrow; as, a sad accident; a sad
misfortune.
7. Hence, bad; naughty; troublesome; wicked. [Colloq.] "Sad tipsy
fellows, both of them." I. Taylor.
NOTE: &hand; Sa d is so metimes us ed in th e fo rmation of
self-explaining compounds; as, sad-colored, sad-eyed, sad-hearted,
sad-looking, and the like.
Sad bread, heavy bread. [Scot. & Local, U.S.] Bartlett. Syn. --
Sorrowful; mournful; gloomy; dejected; depressed; cheerless; downcast;
sedate; serious; grave; grievous; afflictive; calamitous.
Sad
Sad, v. t. To make sorrowful; to sadden. [Obs.]
How it sadded the minister's spirits! H. Peters.
Sadda
Sad"da (?), n. [Per. sad-dar the hundred gates or ways; sad a hundred
+ dar door, way.] A work in the Persian tongue, being a summary of the
Zend-Avesta, or sacred books.
Sadden
Sad"den (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saddened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Saddening.] To make sad. Specifically: (a) To render heavy or
cohesive. [Obs.]
Marl is binding, and saddening of land is the great prejudice it
doth to clay lands. Mortimer.
(b) To make dull- or sad-colored, as cloth. (c) To make grave or
serious; to make melancholy or sorrowful.
Her gloomy presence saddens all the scene. Pope.
Sadden
Sad"den, v. i. To become, or be made, sad. Tennyson.
Sadder
Sad"der (?), n. Same as Sadda.
Saddle
Sad"dle (?), n. [OE. sadel, AS. sadol; akin to D. zadel, G. sattel,
OHG. satal, satul, Icel. s\'94&edh;ull, Dan. & Sw. sadel; cf. Russ.
siedlo; all perh. ultimately from the root of E. sit.]
1. A seat for a rider, -- usually made of leather, padded to span
comfortably a horse's back, furnished with stirrups for the rider's
feet to rest in, and fastened in place with a girth; also, a seat for
the rider on a bicycle or tricycle.
2. A padded part of a harness which is worn on a horse's back, being
fastened in place with a girth. It serves various purposes, as to keep
the breeching in place, carry guides for the reins, etc.
3. A piece of meat containing a part of the backbone of an animal with
the ribs on each side; as, a saddle of mutton, of venison, etc.
4. (Naut.) A block of wood, usually fastened to some spar, and shaped
to receive the end of another spar.
5. (Mach.) A part, as a flange, which is hollowed out to fit upon a
convex surface and serve as a means of attachment or support.
6. (Zo\'94l.) The clitellus of an earthworm.
7. (Arch.) The threshold of a door, when a separate piece from the
floor or landing; -- so called because it spans and covers the joint
between two floors.
Saddle bar (Arch.), one the small iron bars to which the lead panels
of a glazed window are secured. Oxf. Gloss. -- Saddle gall (Far.), a
sore or gall upon a horse's back, made by the saddle. -- Saddle girth,
a band passing round the body of a horse to hold the saddle in its
place. -- saddle horse, a horse suitable or trained for riding with a
saddle. -- Saddle joint, in sheet-metal roofing, a joint formed by
bending up the edge of a sheet and folding it downward over the
turned-up edge of the next sheet. -- Saddle roof (Arch.), a roof
having two gables and one ridge; -- said of such a roof when used in
places where a different form is more common; as, a tower surmounted
by a saddle roof. Called also saddleback roof. -- Saddle shell
(Zo\'94l.), any thin plicated bivalve shaell of the genera Placuna and
Anomia; -- so called from its shape. Called also saddle oyster.
Saddle
Sad"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saddling
(?).] [AS. sadelian.]
1. To put a saddle upon; to equip (a beast) for riding. "saddle my
horse." Shak.
Abraham rose up early saddled his ass. Gen. xxii. 3.
2. Hence: To fix as a charge or burden upon; to load; to encumber; as,
to saddle a town with the expense of bridges and highways.
Saddleback
Sad"dle*back` (?), a. Same as Saddle-backed. Saddleback roof. (Arch.)
See Saddle roof, under Saddle.
Saddleback
Sad"dle*back`, n.
1. Anything saddle-backed; esp., a hill or ridge having a concave
outline at the top.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The harp seal. (b) The great blackbacked gull (Larus
marinus). (c) The larva of a bombycid moth (Empretia stimulea) which
has a large, bright green, saddle-shaped patch of color on the back.
Saddle-backed
Sad"dle-backed` (?), a.
1. Having the outline of the upper part concave like the seat of a
saddle.
2. Having a low back and high neck, as a horse.
Saddlebags
Sad"dle*bags (?), n. pl. Bags, usually of leather, united by straps or
a band, formerly much used by horseback riders to carry small
articles, one bag hanging on each side.
Saddlebow
Sad"dle*bow` (?), n. [AS. sadelboga.] The bow or arch in the front
part of a saddle, or the pieces which form the front.
Saddlecloth
Sad"dle*cloth` (?; 115), n. A cloth under a saddle, and extending out
behind; a housing.
Saddled
Sad"dled (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a broad patch of color across the
back, like a saddle; saddle-backed.
Saddler
Sad"dler (?), n. .One who makes saddles.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A harp seal.
Saddlery
Sad"dler*y (?), n.
1. The materials for making saddles and harnesses; the articles
usually offered for sale in a saddler's shop.
2. The trade or employment of a saddler.
Saddle-shaped
Sad"dle-shaped` (?), a. Shaped like a saddle. Specifically: (a) (Bot.)
Bent down at the sides so as to give the upper part a rounded form.
Henslow. (b) (Geol.) Bent on each side of a mountain or ridge, without
being broken at top; -- said of strata.
Saddletree
Sad"dle*tree` (?), n. The frame of a saddle.
For saddletree scarce reached had he, His journey to begin. Cowper.
Sadducaic
Sad`du*ca"ic (?; 135), a. Pertaining to, or like, the Sadducees; as,
Sadducaic reasonings.
Sadducee
Sad"du*cee (?), n. [L. Sadducaei, p., Gr. Tsadd&umac;k\'c6m; -- so
called from Ts\'bed&omac;k, the founder of the sect.] One of a sect
among the ancient Jews, who denied the resurrection, a future state,
and the existence of angels. -- Sad`du*ce"an (#), a.
Sadduceeism, Sadducism
Sad"du*cee`ism (?), Sad"du*cism (?), n. The tenets of the Sadducees.
Sadducize
Sad"du*cize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sadducized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sadducizing (?).] To adopt the principles of the Sadducees. Atterbury.
Sadh
Sadh (?), n. [Skr. s\'bedhu perfect, pure.] A member of a monotheistic
sect of Hindoos. Sadhs resemble the Quakers in many respects. Balfour
(cyc. of India).
Sadiron
Sad"i`ron (?), n. [Probably sad heavy + iron.] An iron for smoothing
clothes; a flatiron.
Sadly
Sad"ly, adv.
1. Wearily; heavily; firmly. [Obs.]
In go the spears full sadly in arest. Chaucer.
2. Seriously; soberly; gravely. [Obs.]
To tell thee sadly, shepherd, without blame Or our neglect, we lost
her as we came. Milton.
3. Grievously; deeply; sorrowfully; miserably. "He sadly suffers in
their grief." Dryden.
Sadness
Sad"ness, n.
1. Heaviness; firmness. [Obs.]
2. Seriousness; gravity; discretion. [Obs.]
Her sadness and her benignity. Chaucer.
3. Quality of being sad, or unhappy; gloominess; sorrowfulness;
dejection.
Dim sadness did not spare That time celestial visages. Milton.
Syn. -- Sorrow; heaviness; dejection. See Grief.
Sadr
Sadr (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Ziziphus (Z. lotus); -- so
called by the Arabs of Barbary, who use its berries for food. See
Lotus (b).
Saengerfest
Saeng"er*fest (?), n. [G. s\'84ngerfest.] A festival of singers; a
German singing festival.
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Safe
Safe (?), a. [Compar. Safer (?); superl. Safest.] [OE. sauf, F. sauf,
fr. L. salvus, akin to salus health, welfare, safety. Cf. Salute,
Salvation, Sage a plant, Save, Salvo an exception.]
1. Free from harm, injury, or risk; untouched or unthreatened by
danger or injury; unharmed; unhurt; secure; whole; as, safe from
disease; safe from storms; safe from foes. "And ye dwelled safe." 1
Sam. xii. 11.
They escaped all safe all safe to land. Acts xxvii. 44.
Established in a safe, unenvied throne. Milton.
2. Conferring safety; securing from harm; not exposing to danger;
confining securely; to be relied upon; not dangerous; as, a safe
harbor; a safe bridge, etc. "The man of safe discretion." Shak.
The King of heaven hath doomed This place our dungeon, not our safe
retreat. Milton.
3. Incapable of doing harm; no longer dangerous; in secure care or
custody; as, the prisoner is safe.
But Banquo's safe? Ay, my good lord, safe in a ditch he bides.
Shak.
Safe hit (Baseball), a hit which enables the batter to get to first
base even if no error is made by the other side.<-- safe house, a
residence where a person in hiding from the authorities or other
persons may stay without being discovered. --> Syn. -- Secure;
unendangered; sure.
Safe
Safe (?), n. A place for keeping things in safety. Specifically: (a) A
strong and fireproof receptacle (as a movable chest of steel, etc., or
a closet or vault of brickwork) for money, valuable papers, or the
like. (b) A ventilated or refrigerated chest or closet for securing
provisions from noxious animals or insects.
Safe
Safe, v. t. To render safe; to make right. [Obs.] Shak.
Safe-conduct
Safe"-con"duct (?), n. [Safe + conduct: cf. F. sauf-conduit.] That
which gives a safe, passage; either (a) a convoy or guard to protect a
person in an enemy's country or a foreign country, or (b) a writing,
pass, or warrant of security, given to a person to enable him to
travel with safety. Shak.
Safe-conduct
Safe`-con*duct" (?), v. t. To conduct safely; to give safe-conduct to.
[POetic]
He him by all the bonds of love besought To safe-conduct his love.
Spenser.
Safequard
Safe"quard` (?), n. [Safe = quard: cf. F. sauvegarde.]
1. One who, or that which, defends or protects; defense; protection.
Shak.
Thy sword, the safequard of thy brother's throne. Granwille.
2. A convoy or quard to protect a traveler or property.
3. A pass; a passport; a safe-conduct. Shak.
Safequard
Safe"quard`, v. t. To quard; to protect. Shak.
Safe-keeping
Safe"-keep"ing (?), n. [Safe + keep.] The act of keeping or preserving
in safety from injury or from escape; care; custody.
Safely
Safe"ly, adv. In a safe manner; danger, injury, loss, or evil
consequences.
Safeness
Safe"ness, n. The quality or state of being safe; freedom from hazard,
danger, harm, or loss; safety; security; as the safeness of an
experiment, of a journey, or of a possession.
Safe-pledge
Safe"-pledge" (?), n. (Law) A surety for the appearance of a person at
a given time. Bracton.
Safety
Safe"ty (?), n. [Cf. F. sauvet\'82.]
1. The condition or state of being safe; freedom from danger or
hazard; exemption from hurt, injury, or loss.
Up led by thee, Into the heaven I have presumed, An earthly guest .
. . With like safety guided down, Return me to my native element.
Milton.
2. Freedom from whatever exposes one to danger or from libility to
cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the quality of making safe or
secure, or of giving confidence, justifying trust, insuring against
harm or loss, etc.
Would there were any safety in thy sex, That I might put a thousand
sorrows off. Beau. & Fl.
3. Preservation from escape; close custody.
Imprison him, . . . Deliver him to safety; and return. Shak.
4. (Football) Same as Safety touchdown, below.
Safety arch (Arch.), a discharging arch. See under Discharge, v. t. --
Safety belt, a belt made of some buoyant material, or which is capable
of being inflated, so as to enable a person to float in water; a life
preserver. -- Safety buoy, a buoy to enable a person to float in
water; a safety belt. -- Safety cage (Mach.), a cage for an elevator
or mine lift, having appliances to prevent it from dropping if the
lifting rope should break. -- Safety lamp. (Mining) See under Lamp. --
Safety match, a match which can be ignited only on a surface specially
prepared for the purpose. -- Safety pin, a pin made in the form of a
clasp, with a guard covering its point so that it will not prick the
wearer. -- safety plug. See Fusible plug, under Fusible. -- Safety
switch. See Switch. -- Safety touchdown (Football), the act or result
of a player's touching to the ground behind his own goal line a ball
which received its last impulse from a man on his own side; --
distinguished from touchback. See Touchdown.<-- also called safety.
--> -- Safety tube (Chem.), a tube to prevent explosion, or to control
delivery of gases by an automatic valvular connection with the outer
air; especially, a bent funnel tube with bulbs for adding those
reagents which produce unpleasant fumes or violent effervescence. --
Safety valve, a valve which is held shut by a spring or weight and
opens automatically to permit the escape of steam, or confined gas,
water, etc., from a boiler, or other vessel, when the pressure becomes
too great for safety; also, sometimes, a similar valve opening inward
to admit air to a vessel in which the pressure is less than that of
the atmosphere, to prevent collapse.
Safflow
Saf"flow (?), n. (Bot.) The safflower. [Obs.]
Safflower
Saf"flow`er (?), n. [F. safeur, safior, for safran, influenced by
fleur flower. See Saffron, and Flower.]
1. (Bot.) An annual composite plant (Carthamus tinctorius), the
flowers of which are used as a dyestuff and in making rouge; bastard,
or false, saffron.
2. The died flowers of the Carthamus tinctorius.
3. A dyestuff from these flowers. See Safranin (b).
Oil of safflower, a purgative oil expressed from the seeds of the
safflower.
Saffron
Saf"fron (?; 277), n. [OE. saffran, F. safran; cf. It. zafferano, Sp.
azafran, Pg. a&cced;afr&atil;o; all fr. Ar. & Per. za' far\'ben.]
1. (Bot.) A bulbous iridaceous plant (Crocus sativus) having blue
flowers with large yellow stigmas. See Crocus.
2. The aromatic, pungent, dried stigmas, usually with part of the
stile, of the Crocus sativus. Saffron is used in cookery, and in
coloring confectionery, liquors, varnishes, etc., and was formerly
much used in medicine.
3. An orange or deep yellow color, like that of the stigmas of the
Crocus sativus.
Bastard saffron, Dyer's saffron. (Bot.) See Safflower. -- Meadow
saffron (Bot.), a bulbous plant (Colchichum autumnate) of Europe,
resembling saffron. -- Saffron wood (Bot.), the yellowish wood of a
South African tree (El\'91odendron croceum); also, the tree itself. --
Saffron yellow, a shade of yellow like that obtained from the stigmas
of the true saffron (Crocus sativus).
Saffron
Saf"fron (?; 277), a. Having the color of the stigmas of saffron
flowers; deep orange-yellow; as, a saffron face; a saffron streamer.
Saffron
Saf"fron, v. t. To give color and flavor to, as by means of saffron;
to spice. [Obs.]
And in Latyn I speak a wordes few, To saffron with my predication.
Chaucer.
Saffrony
Saf"fron*y (?), a. Having a color somewhat like saffron; yellowish.
Lord (1630).
Safranin
Saf"ra*nin (?), n. (Chem.) (a) An orange-red dyestuff extracted from
the saffron. [R.] (b) A red dyestuff extracted from the safflower, and
formerly used in dyeing wool, silk, and cotton pink and scarlet; --
called also Spanish red, China lake, and carthamin. (c) An orange-red
dyestuff prepared from certain nitro compounds of creosol, and used as
a substitute for the safflower dye.
Safranine
Saf"ra*nine (? OR ?), n. [So called because used as a substitute for
safranin.] (Chem.) An orange-red nitrogenous dyestuff produced
artificailly by oxidizing certain aniline derivatives, and used in
dyeing silk and wool; also, any one of the series of which safranine
proper is the type.
Sag
Sag (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sagging (?).]
[Akin to Sw. sacka to settle, sink down, LG.sacken, D. zakken. Cf.
Sink, v. i.]
1. To sink, in the middle, by its weight or under applied pressure,
below a horizontal line or plane; as, a line or cable supported by its
ends sags, though tightly drawn; the floor of a room sags; hence, to
lean, give way, or settle from a vertical position; as, a building may
sag one way or another; a door sags on its hinges.
2. Fig.: To lose firmness or elasticity; to sink; to droop; to flag;
to bend; to yield, as the mind or spirits, under the pressure of care,
trouble, doubt, or the like; to be unsettled or unbalanced. [R.]
the mind I sway by, and the heart I bear, Shall never sag with
doubt nor shake with fear. Shak.
3. To loiter in walking; to idle along; to drag or droop heavily.
To sag to leeward (Naut.), to make much leeway by reason of the wind,
sea, or current; to drift to leeward; -- said of a vessel. Totten.
Sag
Sag, v. t. To cause to bend or give way; to load.
Sag
Sag, n. State of sinking or bending; sagging.
Saga
Sa"ga (?), n.; pl. Sagas (#). [Icel., akin to E. saw a saying. See
Say, and cf. Saw.] A Scandinavian legend, or heroic or mythic
tradition, among the Norsemen and kindred people; a northern European
popular historical or religious tale of olden time.
And then the blue-eyed Norseman told A saga of the days of old.
Longfellow.
Sagacious
Sa*ga"cious (?), a. [L. sagax, sagacis, akin to sagire to perceive
quickly or keenly, and probably to E. seek. See Seek, and cf.
Presage.]
1. Of quick sense perceptions; keen-scented; skilled in following a
trail.
Sagacious of his quarry from so far. Milton.
2. Hence, of quick intellectual perceptions; of keen penetration and
judgment; discerning and judicious; knowing; far-sighted; shrewd;
sage; wise; as, a sagacious man; a sagacious remark.
Instinct . . . makes them, many times, sagacious above our
apprehension. Dr. H. More.
Only sagacious heads light on these observations, and reduce them
into general propositions. Locke.
Syn. -- See Shrewd. -- Sa*ga"cious*ly, adv. -- Sa-ga"cious*ness, n.
Sagacity
Sa*gac"i*ty (?), n. [L. sagacitas. See Sagacious.] The quality of
being sagacious; quickness or acuteness of sense perceptions; keenness
of discernment or penetration with soundness of judgment; shrewdness.
Some [brutes] show that nice sagacity of smell. Cowper.
Natural sagacity improved by generous education. V. Knox.
Syn. -- Penetration; shrewdness; judiciousness. -- Sagacity,
Penetration. Penetration enables us to enter into the depths of an
abstruse subject, to detect motives, plans, etc. Sagacity adds to
penetration a keen, practical judgment, which enables one to guard
against the designs of others, and to turn everything to the best
possible advantage.
Sagamore
Sag"a*more (?), n.
1. [Cf. Sachem.] The head of a tribe among the American Indians; a
chief; -- generally used as synonymous with sachem, but some writters
distinguished between them, making the sachem a chief of the first
rank, and a sagamore one of the second rank. "Be it sagamore, sachem,
or powwow." Longfellow.
2. A juice used in medicine. [Obs.] Johnson.
Sagapen
Sag"a*pen (?), n. Sagapenum.
Sagapenum
Sag`a*pe"num (?), n. [L. sagapenon, sacopenium, Gr. sagapin, gomme
sagapin, sagap\'82num, Ar. sikb\'c6naj, Per. sakb\'c6nah,
sikb\'c6nah.] (Med.) A fetid gum resin obtained from a species of
Ferula. It has been used in hysteria, etc., but is now seldom met
with. U. S. Disp.
Sagthy
Sag"*thy (?), n. [F. sagatis: cf. Sp. sagat\'a1, saet\'a1.] A mixed
woven fabric of silk and cotton; or silk and wool; sayette; also, a
light woolen fabric.
Sage
Sage (?), n. [OE. sauge, F. sauge, L. salvia, from salvus saved, in
allusion to its reputed healing virtues. See Safe.] (Bot.) (a) A
suffriticose labiate plant (Salvia officinalis) with grayish green
foliage, much used in flavoring meats, etc. The name is often extended
to the whole genus, of which many species are cultivated for ornament,
as the scarlet sage, and Mexican red and blue sage. (b) The sagebrush.
Meadow sage (Bot.), a blue-flowered species of salvia (S. pratensis)
growing in meadows in Europe. -- Sage cheese, cheese flavored with
sage, and colored green by the juice of leaves of spanish and other
plants which are added to the milk. -- Sage cock (Zo\'94l.), the male
of the sage grouse; in a more general sense, the specific name of the
sage grouse. -- Sage green, of a dull grayish green color, like the
leaves of garden sage. -- Sage grouse (Zo\'94l.), a very large
American grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), native of the dry
sagebrush plains of Western North America. Called also cock of the
plains. The male is called sage cock, and the female sage hen. -- Sage
hare, OR Sage rabbit (Zo\'94l.), a species of hare (Lepus Nuttalli, OR
artemisia) which inhabits the regions of Western North America and
lives among sagebrush. By recent writers it is considered to be merely
a variety of the common cottontail, or wood rabbit. -- Sage hen
(Zo\'94l.), the female of the sage grouse. Sage sparrow (Zo\'94l.), a
small sparrow (Amphispiza Belli, var Nevadensis) which inhabits the
dry plains of the Rocky Mountain region, living among sagebrush. --
Sage thrasher (Zo\'94l.), a singing bird (Oroscoptes montanus) which
inhabits the sagebrush plains of Western North America. -- Sage willow
(Bot.), a species of willow (Salix tristis) forming a low bush with
nearly sessile grayish green leaves.
Sage
Sage (?), a. [Compar. Sager (?); superl. Sagest.] [F., fr. L. sapius
(only in nesapius unwise, foolish), fr. sapere to be wise; perhaps
akin to E. sap. Cf. Savor, Sapient, Insipid.]
1. Having nice discernment and powers of judging; prudent; grave;
sagacious.
All you sage counselors, hence! Shak.
2. Proceeding from wisdom; well judged; shrewd; well adapted to the
purpose.
Commanders, who, cloaking their fear under show of sage advice,
counseled the general to retreat. Milton.
3. Grave; serious; solemn. [R.] "[Great bards.] in sage and solemn
tunes have sung." Milton. <-- the "great bards" was moved inside the
quote for consistency. --> Syn. -- Wise; sagacious; sapient; grave;
prudent; judicious.
Sage
Sage, n. A wise man; a man of gravity and wisdom; especially, a man
venerable for years, and of sound judgment and prudence; a grave
philosopher.
At his birth a star, Unseen before in heaven, proclaims him come,
And guides the Eastern sages. Milton.
Sagebrush
Sage"brush` (?), n. A low irregular shrub (Artemisia tridentata), of
the order Composit\'91, covering vast tracts of the dry alkaline
regions of the American plains; -- called also sagebush, and wild
sage.
Sagely
Sage"ly, adv. In a sage manner; wisely.
Sagene
Sa*gene" (?), n. [Russ. sajene.] A Russian measure of length equal to
about seven English feet.
Sageness
Sage"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sage; wisdom;
sagacity; prudence; gravity. Ascham.
Sagenite
Sag"e*nite (?), n. [F. sag\'82nite, fr. L. sagena a large net. See
Saine.] (Min.) Acicular rutile occurring in reticulated forms imbedded
in quartz.
Sagenitic
Sag`e*nit"ic (?), a. (Min.) Resembling sagenite; -- applied to quartz
when containing acicular crystals of other minerals, most commonly
rutile, also tourmaline, actinolite, and the like.
Sagger
Sag"ger (?), n. [See Segger.]
1. A pot or case of fire clay, in which fine stoneware is inclosed
while baking in the kiln; a segga.
2. The clay of which such pots or cases are made.
Sagging
Sag"ging (?), n. A bending or sinking between the ends of a thing, in
consequence of its own, or an imposed, weight; an arching downward in
the middle, as of a ship after straining. Cf. Hogging.
Saginate
Sag"i*nate (?), v. t. [L. saginatus, p.p. of saginare to fat, fr.
sagina stuffing.] To make fat; to pamper. [R.] "Many a saginated
boar." Cowper.
Sagination
Sag`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. saginatio.] The act of fettening or
pampering. [R.] Topsell.
Sagitta
Sa*git"ta (?), n. [L., an arrow.]
1. (Astron.) A small constellation north of Aquila; the Arrow.
2. (Arch.) The keystone of an arch. [R.] gwitt.
3. (Geom.) The distance from a point in a curve to the chord; also,
the versed sine of an arc; -- so called from its resemblance to an
arrow resting on the bow and string. [Obs.]
4. (Anat.) The larger of the two otoliths, or ear bones, found in most
fishes.
5. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of transparent, free-swimming marine worms
having lateral and caudal fins, and capable of swimming rapidly. It is
the type of the class Ch\'91tognatha.
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Page 1268
Sagittal
Sag"it*tal (?), a. [L. sagitta an arrow: cf. F. saguttal.]
1. Of or pertaining to an arrow; resembling an arrow; furnished with
an arowlike appendage.
2. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the sagittal suture; in the region
of the sagittal suture; rabdoidal; as, the sagittal furrow, or groove,
on the inner surface of the roof of the skull. (b) In the mesial
plane; as, a sagittal section of an animal.
Sagittal suture (Anat.), the suture between the two parietal bones in
the top of the skull; -- called also rabdoidal suture, and
interparietal suture.
Sagittarius
Sag`it*ta"ri*us (?), n. [L., literally, an archer, fr. sagittarius
belonging to an arrow, fr. sagitta an arrow.] (Astron.) (a) The ninth
of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters about November
22, marked thus [&sagittarius;] in almanacs; the Archer. (b) A
zodiacal constellation, represented on maps and globes as a centaur
shooting an arrow.
Sagittary
Sag"it*ta"ry (?), n. [See Sagittarius.]
1. (Myth.) A centaur; a fabulous being, half man, half horse, armed
with a bow and quiver. Shak.
2. The Arsenal in Venice; -- so called from having a figure of an
archer over the door. Shak.
Sagittary
Sag"it*ta*ry, a. [L. sagittarius.] Pertaining to, or resembling, an
arrow. Sir T. Browne.
Sagittate
Sag"it*tate (?), a. [NL. sagittatus, fr. L. sagitta an arrow.] Shaped
like an arrowhead; triangular, with the two basal angles prolonged
downward.
Sagittated
Sag"it*ta`ted (?), a. Sagittal; sagittate.
Sagittocyst
Sag"it*to*cyst (?), n. [See Sagitta, and Cyst.] (Zo\'94l.) A defensive
cell containing a minute rodlike structure which may be expelled. Such
cells are found in certain Turbellaria.
Sago
Sa"go (?), n. [Malay. s&amac;gu.] A dry granulated starch imported
from the East Indies, much used for making puddings and as an article
of diet for the sick; also, as starch, for stiffening textile fabrics.
It is prepared from the stems of several East Indian and Malayan palm
trees, but chiefly from the Metroxylon Sagu; also from several
cycadaceous plants (Cycas revoluta, Zamia integrifolia, atc.).
Portland sago, a kind of sago prepared from the corms of the
cuckoopint (Arum maculatum). -- Sago palm. (Bot.) (a) A palm tree
which yields sago. (b) A species of Cycas (Cycas revoluta). -- Sago
spleen (Med.), a morbid condition of the spleen, produced by amyloid
degeneration of the organ, in which a cross section shows scattered
gray translucent bodies looking like grains of sago.
Sagoin
Sa*goin" (?), n. [F. sagouin(formed from the native South American
name).] (Zo\'94l.) A marmoset; -- called also sagouin.
Sagum
Sa"gum (?), n.; pl. Saga (#). [L. sagum, sagus; cf. Gr. Say a kind of
serge.] (Rom. Antiq.) The military cloak of the Roman soldiers.
sagus
sa"gus (?), n. [NL. See Sago.] (Bot.) A genus of palms from which sago
is obtained.
Sagy
Sa"gy (?), a. Full of sage; seasoned with sage.
Sahib, saheb
Sa"hib (?), sa"heb (, n. [Ar. &cced;\'behib master, lord, fem.
&cced;\'behibah.] A respectful title or appelation given to Europeans
of rank. [India]
Sahibah
Sa"hi*bah (?), n. [See Sahib.] A lady; mistress. [India]
Sahibic
Sa*hib"ic (?), a. Same as Thebaic.
Sahlite
Sah"lite (?), n. (Min.) See Salite.
Sahui
Sa*hui" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A marmoset.
Sai
Sa"i (?), n. [Cf. Pg. sahi.] (Zo\'94l.) See Capuchin, 3 (a).
Saibling
Sai"bling (?), n. [Dial. G.] (Zo\'94l.) A European mountain trout
(Salvelinus alpinus); -- called also Bavarian charr.
Saic
Sa"ic (?), n. [F. sa\'8bque, turk. sha\'8bka.] (Naut.) A kind of ketch
very common in the Levant, which has neither topgallant sail nor
mizzen topsail.
Said
Said (?), imp. & p. p. of Say.
Said
Said, a. before-mentioned; already spoken of or specified; aforesaid;
-- used chiefly in legal style.
Saiga
Sai"ga (?), n. [Russ. saika.] (Zo\'94l.) An antelope (Saiga Tartarica)
native of the plains of Siberia and Eastern Russia. The male has erect
annulated horns, and tufts of long hair beneath the eyes and ears.
Saikyr
Sai"kyr (?), n. (Mil.) Same as Saker. [Obs.]
Sail
Sail (?), n. [OE. seil, AS. segel, segl; akin to D. zeil, OHG. segal,
G. & Sw. segel, Icel. segl, Dan. seil. &root; 153.]
1. An extent of canvas or other fabric by means of which the wind is
made serviceable as a power for propelling vessels through the water.
Behoves him now both sail and oar. Milton.
2. Anything resembling a sail, or regarded as a sail.
3. A wing; a van. [Poetic]
Like an eagle soaring To weather his broad sails. Spenser
.
4. the extended surface of the arm of a windmill.
5. A sailing vessel; a vessel of any kind; a craft.
NOTE: &hand; In th is sense, the plural has usually the same forms
as the singular; as, twenty sail were in sight.
6. A passage by a sailing vessel; a journey or excursion upon the
water.
NOTE: &hand; Sa ils ar e of two general kinds, fore-and-aft sails,
and square sails. Square sails are always bent to yards, with their
foot lying across the line of the vessel. Fore-and-aft sails are
set upon stays or gaffs with their foot in line with the keel. A
fore-and-aft sail is triangular, or quadrilateral with the after
leech longer than the fore leech. Square sails are quardrilateral,
but not necessarily square. See Phrases under Fore, a., and Square,
a.; also, Bark, Brig, Schooner, Ship, Stay.
Sail burton (Naut.), a purchase for hoisting sails aloft for bending.
-- Sail fluke (Zo\'94l.), the whiff. -- Sail hook, a small hook used
in making sails, to hold the seams square. -- Sail loft, a loft or
room where sails are cut out and made. -- Sail room (Naut.), a room in
a vessel where sails are stowed when not in use. -- Sail yard (Naut.),
the yard or spar on which a sail is extended. -- Shoulder-of-mutton
sail (Naut.), a triangular sail of peculiar form. It is chiefly used
to set on a boat's mast. -- To crowd sail. (Naut.) See under Crowd. --
To loose sails (Naut.), to unfurl or spread sails. -- To make sail
(Naut.), to extend an additional quantity of sail. -- To set a sail
(Naut.), to extend or spread a sail to the wind. -- To set sail
(Naut.), to unfurl or spread the sails; hence, to begin a voyage. --
To shorten sail (Naut.), to reduce the extent of sail, or take in a
part. -- To strike sail (Naut.), to lower the sails suddenly, as in
saluting, or in sudden gusts of wind; hence, to acknowledge
inferiority; to abate pretension. -- Under sail, having the sails
spread.
Sail
Sail (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sailing.]
[AS. segelian, seglian. See Sail, n.]
1. To be impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails,
as a ship on water; to be impelled on a body of water by the action of
steam or other power.
2. To move through or on the water; to swim, as a fish or a water
fowl.
3. To be conveyed in a vessel on water; to pass by water; as, they
sailed from London to Canton.
4. To set sail; to begin a voyage.
5. To move smoothly through the air; to glide through the air without
apparent exertion, as a bird.
As is a winged messenger of heaven, . . . When he bestrides the
lazy pacing clouds, And sails upon the bosom of the air. Shak.
Sail
Sail, v. t.
1. To pass or move upon, as in a ship, by means of sails; hence, to
move or journey upon(the water) by means of steam or other force.
A thousand ships were manned to sail the sea. Dryden.
2. To fly through; to glide or move smoothly through.
Sublime she sails The a\'89rial space, and mounts the winged gales.
Pope.
3. To direct or manage the motion of, as a vessel; as, to sail one's
own ship. Totten.
Sailable
Sail"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being sailed over; navigable; as, a
sailable river.
Sailboat
Sail"boat`, n. A boat propelled by a sail or sails.
Sailcloth
Sail"cloth` (?), n. Duck or canvas used in making sails.
Sailer
Sail"er (?), n.
1. A sailor. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.
2. A ship or other vessel; -- with qualifying words descriptive of
speed or manner of sailing; as, a heavy sailer; a fast sailer.
Sailfish
Sail"fish (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The banner fish, or spikefish
(Histiophorus.) (b) The basking, or liver, shark. (c) The quillback.
<-- Illust. of Sailfish (Histiophorus Americanus) -->
Sailing
Sail"ing (?), n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, sails; the motion of a vessel on
water, impelled by wind or steam; the act of starting on a voyage.
2. (Naut.) The art of managing a vessel; seamanship; navigation; as,
globular sailing; oblique sailing.
NOTE: &hand; Fo r th e se veral me thods of sa iling, se e un der
Circular, Globular, Oblique, Parallel, etc.
Sailing master (U. S. Navy), formerly, a warrant officer, ranking next
below a lieutenant, whose duties were to navigate the vessel; and
under the direction of the executive officer, to attend to the stowage
of the hold, to the cables, rigging, etc. The grade was merged in that
of master in 1862.
Sailless
Sail"less (?), a. Destitute of sails. Pollok.
Sailmaker
Sail"mak`er (?), n. One whose occupation is to make or repair sails.
-- Sail"mak`ing, n.
Sailor
Sail"or (?), n. One who follows the business of navigating ships or
other vessels; one who understands the practical management of ships;
one of the crew of a vessel; a mariner; a common seaman. Syn. --
Mariner; seaman; seafarer. Sailor's choice. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An
excellent marine food fish (Diplodus, OR Lagodon, rhomboides) of the
Southern United States; -- called also porgy, squirrel fish,
yellowtail, and salt-water bream. (b) A species of grunt
(Orthopristis, OR Pomadasys, chrysopterus), an excellent food fish,
common on the southern coasts of the United States; -- called also
hogfish, and pigfish.
Saily
Sail"y (?), a. Like a sail. [R.] Drayton.
Saim
Saim (?), n. [OF. sain, LL. saginum, fr. L. sagina a fattening.] Lard;
grease. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Saimir
Sai*mir" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The squirrel monkey.
Sain
Sain (?), obs. p. p. of Say, for sayen. Said. Shak.
Sain
Sain, v. t. [Cf. Saint, Sane.] To sanctify; to bless so as to protect
from evil influence. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
Sainfoin
Sain"foin (?; 277), n. [F., fr. sain wholesome (L. sanus; see Sane.) +
foin hay (L. f\'91num); or perh. fr. saint sacred (L. sanctus; see
Saint) + foin hay.] (Bot.) (a) A leguminous plant (Onobrychis sativa)
cultivated for fodder. [Written also saintfoin.] (b) A kind of tick
trefoil (Desmodium Canadense). [Canada]
Saint
Saint (?), n. [F., fr. L. santcus sacred, properly p.p. of sancire to
render sacred by a religious act, to appoint as sacred; akin to sacer
sacred. Cf. Sacred, Sanctity, Sanctum, Sanctus.]
1. A person sanctified; a holy or godly person; one eminent for piety
and virtue; any true Christian, as being redeemed and consecrated to
God.
Them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints. 1
Cor. i. 2.
2. One of the blessed in heaven.
Then shall thy saints, unmixed, and from the impure Far separate,
circling thy holy mount, Unfeigned hallelujahs to thee sing.
Milton.
3. (Eccl.) One canonized by the church. [Abbrev. St.]
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1269
--
Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently
prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean
countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on
November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak.
Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. -- Saint
Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466)
of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. -- Saint
Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John. -- Saint
Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron,
H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a
shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long slender
branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. --
Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint Vitus's dance
(Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures wrought on
intercession to this saint.
Saint
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Sainted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sainting.] To make a saint of; to enroll
among the saints by an offical act, as of the pope; to canonize; to
give the title or reputation of a saint to (some one).
A large hospital, erected by a shoemaker who has been beatified,
though never sainted. Addison.
To saint it, to act as a saint, or with a show of piety.
Whether the charmer sinner it or saint it. Shak.
Saint
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint, v. i. To act or live as
a saint. [R.] Shak.
Saintdom
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"dom (?), n. The state or
character of a saint. [R.] Tennyson.
Sainted
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ed, a.
1. Consecrated; sacred; holy; pious. "A most sainted king." Shak.
Amongst the enthroned gods on sainted seats. Milton.
2. Entered into heaven; -- a euphemism for dead.
Saintess
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ess, n. A female saint.
[R.] Bp. Fisher.
Sainthood
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"hood (?), n.
1. The state of being a saint; the condition of a saint. Walpole.
2. The order, or united body, of saints; saints, considered
collectively.
It was supposed he felt no call to anu expedition that might
sainthood. Sir W. Scott.
Saintish
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ish, a. Somewhat
saintlike; -- used ironically.
Saintism
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ism (?), n. The
character or quality of saints; also, hypocritical pretense of
holiness. Wood.
Saintlike
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"like` (?), a. Resembling
a saint; suiting a saint; becoming a saint; saintly.
Glossed over only with a saintlike show. Dryden.
Saintliness
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"li*ness (?), n. Quality
of being saintly.
Saintly
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ly, a. [Compar.
Saintlier (?); superl. Saintliest.] Like a saint; becoming a holy
person.
So dear to Heaven is saintly chastity. Milton.
Saintologist
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint*ol"o*gist (?), n. [Saint
+ -logy + -ist.] (Theol.) One who writes the lives of saints. [R.]
Saintship
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint"ship, n. The character
or qualities of a saint.
Saint-Simonian
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an (?), n. A
follower of the Count de St. Simon, who died in 1825, and who
maintained that the principle of property held in common, and the just
division of the fruits of common labor among the members of society,
are the true remedy for the social evils which exist. Brande & C.
Saint-Simonianism
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saint`-Si*mo"ni*an*ism (?), n.
The principles, doctrines, or practice of the Saint-Simonians; --
called also Saint-Simonism.
Saith
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saith (?), 3d pers. sing.
pres. of Say. [Archaic]
Saithe
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Saithe (?), n. [Gael.
saoidheam.] (Zo\'94l.) The pollock, or coalfish; -- called also
sillock. [Scot.]
Saiva
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sai"va (? OR ?), n. [Skr.
&cced;aiva devoted to Siva.] One of an important religious sect in
India which regards Siva with peculiar veneration.
Saivism
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sai"vism (?), n. The worship
of Siva.
Sajene
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*jene" (?), n. Same as
Sagene.
Sajou
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"jou (?; F. , n. (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Sapajou.
Sake
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sake (?), n. [OE. sake cause,
also, lawsuit, fault, AS. sacu strife, a cause or suit at law; akin to
D. zaak cause, thing, affair, G. sache thing, cause in law, OHG.
sahha, Icel. s\'94k, Sw. sak, Dan. sag, Goth. sakj strife, AS. sacan
to contend, strive, Goth. sakan, Icel. saka to contend, strive, blame,
OHG. sahhan, MHG. sachen, to contend, strive, defend one's right,
accuse, charge in a lawsuit, and also to E. seek. Cf. Seek.] Final
cause; end; purpose of obtaining; cause; motive; reason; interest;
concern; account; regard or respect; -- used chiefly in such phrases
as, for the sake, for his sake, for man's sake, for mercy's sake, and
the like; as, to commit crime for the sake of gain; to go abroad for
the sake of one's health.
Moved with wrath and shame and ladies; sake. Spenser.
I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake. Gen.
viii. 21.
Will he draw out, For anger's sake, finite to infinite? Milton.
Knowledge is for the sake of man, and not man for the sake of
knowledge. Sir W. Hamilton.
NOTE: &hand; Th e -s of th e po ssessive ca se pr eceding sake is
sometimes omitted for euphony; as, for goodness sake. "For
conscience sake." 1 Cor. x. 28. The plural sakes is often used with
a possessive plural. "For both our sakes." Shak.
Saker
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ker (?), n. [F. sacre (cf.
It. sagro, Sp. & Pg. sacre), either fr. L. sacer sacred, holy, as a
translation of Gr. hawk.] [Written also sacar, sacre.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A falcon (Falco sacer) native of Southern Europe and
Asia, closely resembling the lanner.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fe male is called chargh, and the male charghela,
or sakeret.
(b) The peregrine falcon. [Prov. Eng.]
2. (Mil.) A small piece of artillery. Wilhelm.
On the bastions were planted culverins and sakers. Macaulay.
The culverins and sakers showing their deadly muzzles over the
rampart. Hawthorne.
Sakeret
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ker*et (?), n. [F. sacret.
See Saker.] (Zo\'94l.) The male of the saker (a).
Saki
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ki (?), n. [Cf. F. & Pg.
saki; probably from the native name.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several
species of South American monkeys of the genus Pithecia. They have
large ears, and a long hairy tail which is not prehensile.
NOTE: &hand; Th e bl ack sa ki (Pithecia satanas), the white-headed
(P.leucocephala), and the red-backed, or hand-drinking, saki
(P.chiropotes), are among the best-known.
Saki
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"ki (?), n. The alcoholic
drink of Japan. It is made from rice.<-- usu. spelt sake -->
Sakti
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sak"ti (?), n. [Skr.] (Hind.
Myth.) The divine energy, personified as the wife of a deity (Brahma,
Vishnu, Siva, etc.); the female principle.
Sal
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal (s&add;l), n. [Hind.
s\'bel, Skr. &cced;\'bela.] (Bot.) An East Indian timber tree (Shorea
robusta), much used for building purposes. It is of a light brown
color, close-grained, and durable. [Written also saul.]
Sal
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal (s&acr;l), n. [L. See
Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.) Salt. Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an
impure potassium carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood
(Artemisia Absinthium). -- Sal acetosell\'91 [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt
of sorrel. -- Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth. -- Sal
ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, a white crystalline
volatile substance having a sharp salty taste, obtained from gas
works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It is largely employed as a
source of ammonia, as a reagent, and as an expectorant in bronchitis.
So called because originally made from the soot from camel's dung at
the temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also muriate of ammonia.
-- Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts. -- Sal
culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium chloride. -- Sal
Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above. -- Sal de
duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.), potassium sulphate; -- so
called because erroneously supposed to be composed of two salts, one
acid and one alkaline. -- Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.),
potassium acetate. -- Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium
sulphate. -- Sal gemm\'91 [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring
native. -- Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride;
-- the alchemical name of tin being Jove. -- Sal Martis [NL.] (Old
Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous sulphate; -- the alchemical name of
iron being. Mars. -- Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See
Microcosmic salt, under Microcosmic. -- Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.),
sugar of lead. -- Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under
1st Prunella. -- Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead
acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn. -- Sal sedativus
[NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric acid. -- Sal Seignette [F.
seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.), Rochelle salt. -- Sal soda
(Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium. -- Sal vitrioli [NL.]
(Old Chem.), white vitriol; zinc sulphate. -- Sal volatile. [NL.] (a)
(Chem.) See Sal ammoniac, above. (b) Spirits of ammonia.
Salaam
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*laam" (?), n. Same as
Salam.
Finally, Josiah might have made his salaam to the exciseman just as
he was folding up that letter. Prof. Wilson.
Salaam
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*laam", v. i. To make or
perform a salam.
I have salaamed and kowtowed to him. H. James.
Salability
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or condition of being salable; salableness. Duke of Argyll.
Salable
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ble (?), a. [From Sale.]
Capable of being sold; fit to be sold; finding a ready market. --
Sal"a*ble*ness, n. -- Sal"a*bly, adv.
Salacious
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*la"cious (?), n. [L. salax,
-acis, fond of leaping, lustful, fr. salire to leap. See Salient.]
Having a propensity to venery; lustful; lecherous. Dryden. --
Sa*la"cious*ly, dv. -- Sa*la"cious*ness, n.
Salacity
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*lac"i*ty (?), n. [L.
salacitas: cf. F. salacit\'82] Strong propensity to venery; lust;
lecherousness.
Salad
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ad (?), n. [F. salade,
OIt. salata, It. insalata, fr. salare to salt, fr. L. sal salt. See
Salt, and cf. Slaw.]
1. A preparation of vegetables, as lettuce, celery, water cress,
onions, etc., usually dressed with salt, vinegar, oil, and spice, and
eaten for giving a relish to other food; as, lettuce salad; tomato
salad, etc.
Leaves eaten raw termed salad. I. Watts.
2. A dish composed of chopped meat or fish, esp. chicken or lobster,
mixed with lettuce or other vegetables, and seasoned with oil,
vinegar, mustard, and other condiments; as, chicken salad; lobster
salad.<-- mention mayonnaise -->
Salad burnet (Bot.), the common burnet (Poterium Sanguisorba),
sometimes eaten as a salad in Italy.
Salade
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ade (?), n. A helmet. See
Sallet.
Salading
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ad*ing (?), n. Vegetable
for salad.
Sal\'91ratus
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`\'91*ra"tus (?), n. See
Saleratus.
Salagane
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*gane (?), n. [From the
Chinese name.] (Zo\'94l.) The esculent swallow. See under Esculent.
Salal-berry
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"al-ber`ry (?), n.
[Probably of American Indian origin.] (Bot.) The edible fruit of the
Gaultheria Shallon, an ericaceous shrub found from California
northwards. The berries are about the size of a common grape and of a
dark purple color.
Salam
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*lam (s&adot;*l&aum;m"), n.
[Ar. sal\'bem peace, safety.] A salutation or compliment of ceremony
in the east by word or act; an obeisance, performed by bowing very low
and placing the right palm on the forehead. [Written also salaam.]
Salamander
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*man`der (?), n. [F.
salamandre, L. salamandra, Gr. samander, samandel.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Urodela, belonging to
Salamandra, Amblystoma, Plethodon, and various allied genera,
especially those that are more or less terrestrial in their habits.
NOTE: &hand; The salamanders have, like lizards, an elongated body,
four feet, and a long tail, but are destitute of scales. They are
true Amphibia, related to the frogs. Formerly, it was a
superstition that the salamander could live in fire without harm,
and even extinguish it by the natural coldness of its body.
I have maintained that salamander of yours with fire any time this
two and thirty years. Shak.
Whereas it is commonly said that a salamander extinguisheth fire,
we have found by experience that on hot coals, it dieth
immediately. Sir T. Browne.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The pouched gopher (Geomys tuza) of the Southern United
States.
3. A culinary utensil of metal with a plate or disk which is heated,
and held over pastry, etc., to brown it.
4. A large poker. [prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
5. (Metal.) Solidofied material in a furnace hearth.
Giant salamander. (Zo\'94l.) See under Giant. -- Salamander's hair OR
wool (Min.), a species of asbestus or mineral flax. [Obs.] Bacon.
Salamandrina
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*man*dri"na (?), n.; pl.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of Urodela, comprising salamanders.
Salamandrine
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*man"drine (?), a. Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a salamander; enduring fire. Addison.
Salamandroid
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`a*man"droid (?), a
[Salamander + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the salamanders.
salamandridea
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> sal`a*man*dri"de*a (?), n. pl.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Amphibia including the Salamanders and
allied groups; the Urodela.
Salamstone
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"am*stone` (? OR ?), n.
(Min.) A kind of blue sapphire brought from Ceylon. Dana.
Salangana
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa*lan"ga*na (?), n. The
salagane.
Salaried
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ried (?), a. Receiving a
salary; paid by a salary; having a salary attached; as, a salaried
officer; a salaried office.
Salary
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ry (?), a. [L.
salarius.] Saline [Obs.]
Salary
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ry (?), n.; pl. Salaries
(#). [F. salarie, L. salarium, originally, salt money, the money given
to the Roman soldiers for salt, which was a part of thir pay, fr.
salarius belonging to salt, fr. sal salt. See Salt.] The recompense or
consideration paid, or stipulated to be paid, to a person at regular
intervals for services; fixed wages, as by the year, quarter, or
month; stipend; hire.
This is hire and salary, not revenge. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Recompense for services paid at, or reckoned by, short
intervals, as a day or week, is usually called wages.
Syn. -- Stipend; pay; wages; hire; allowance.
Salary
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"a*ry v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Salaried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Salarying (?).] To pay, or agree to pay,
a salary to; to attach salary to; as, to salary a clerk; to salary a
position.
Sale
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale (?), n. See 1st Sallow.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Sale
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale, n. [Icel. sala, sal,
akin to E.sell. See Sell, v. t.]
1. The act of selling; the transfer of property, or a contract to
transfer the ownership of property, from one person to another for a
valuable consideration, or for a price in money.
2. Opportunity of selling; demand; market.
They shall have ready sale for them. Spenser.
3. Public disposal to the highest bidder, or exposure of goods in
market; auction. Sir W. Temple.
Bill of sale. See under Bill. -- Of sale, On sale, For sale, to be
bought or sold; offered to purchasers; in the market. -- To set to
sale, to offer for sale; to put up for purchase; to make merchandise
of. [Obs.] Milton.
Saleable, a., Saleably
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale"a*ble (?), a.,
Sale"a*bly, adv., etc. See Salable, Salably, etc.
Saleb
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"eb (?), n. (Med.) See
Salep.
Salebrosity
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`e*bros"i*ty (?), n.
Roughness or ruggedness. [Obs.] Feltham.
Salebrous
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"e*brous (?), a. [L.
salebosus, fr. salebra a rugged road, fr. salire to leap.] Rough;
rugged. [Obs.]
Salep
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"ep (?), n. [Ar. sahleb,
perhaps a corruption of an Arabic word for fox, one Ar. name of the
orchis signifying literally, fox's testicles: cf. F. salep.] [Written
also saleb, salop, and saloop.] The dried tubers of various species of
Orchis, and Eulophia. It is used to make a nutritious beverage by
treating the powdered preparation with hot water. U. S. Disp.
Saleratus
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal`e*ra"tus (?), n. [NL. sal
a\'89ratus; -- so called because it is a source of fixed air (carbon
dioxide). See Sal, and and A\'89rated.] (Old Chem.) A\'89rated salt; a
white crystalline substance having an alkaline taste and reaction,
consisting of sodium bicarbonate (see under Sodium.) It is lagerly
used in cooking, with sour milk (lactic acid) or cream of tartar as a
substitute for yeast. It is also an ingridient of most baking powders,
and is used in the preparation of effervescing drinks.
Salesman
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sales"man (?), n.; pl.
Salesmen (#). [Sale + man.] One who sells anything; one whose
occupation is to sell goods or merchandise.
Saleswoman
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sales"wom`an (?), n.; pl.
Saleswomen (. A woman whose occupation is to sell goods or
merchandise.
Salework
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sale"work` (?), n. Work or
things made for sale; hence, work done carelessly or slightingly.
Shak.
Salian
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"lian (?), a. Denoting a
tribe of Franks who established themselves early in the fourth century
on the river Sala [now Yssel]; Salic. -- n. A Salian Frank.
Saliant
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sa"li*ant (?), a. (Her.) Same
as Salient.
Saliaunce
Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust.
4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum
Crux-Andr\'91, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's
cross. Gray. -- Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust.
6, under Cross. -- Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; -- popularly
so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the
intercession of Saint Anthony. -- Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the
groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); -- so called because swine feed on it,
and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. -- Saint Anthony's
turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr.
Prior. -- Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed
(Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th.
Dr. Prior. -- Saint Bernard (Zo\'94l.), a breed of large, handsome
dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at
the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe
and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the
rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. -- Saint Catharine's flower
(Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. -- Saint Cuthbert's
beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. -- Saint Dabeoc's
heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dab\'91cia polifolia), named from
an Irish saint. -- Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. -- Saint
Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in
dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship,
particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been
observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from
elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a
Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or
a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint
of sailors. -- Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a
field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in
the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. -- Saint George's ensign,
a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner
next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal
navy of England; -- called also the white ensign. Brande & C. -- Saint
George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the
union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an
admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. -- Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine
variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France,
where it was manufactured. -- Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed
of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties
similar to the nux vomica. -- Saint Jame's shell (Zo\'94l.), a pecten
(Vola Jacob\'91us) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust.
under Scallop. -- Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio
Jacob\'91a). -- Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. -- Saint
John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of
which have yellow flowers; -- called also John's-wort. -- Saint Leger,
the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September
at Doncaster, England; -- instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. --
Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant
(Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
1269 -- Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather
frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the
Mediterranean countries; -- so called from St. Martin's Festival,
occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in
America. Shak. Whitier. -- Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under
Cross. -- Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the
death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of
Ireland. -- Saint Peter's fish. (Zo\'94l.) See John Dory, under John.
-- Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum
Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. -- Saint Peter's wreath
(Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spir\'91a (S. hypericifolia), having long
slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in
spring. -- Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. -- Saint
Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; -- so called from the supposed cures
wrought on intercession to this saint.> Sal"i*aunce (?), a. [See
Sally.] Salience; onslaught. [Obs.] "So fierce saliaunce." Spenser.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1270
Salic
Sal"ic (?), a. [F. salique, fr. the Salian Franks, who, in the fifth
century, formed a body of laws called in latin leges Salic\'91.] Of or
pertaining to the Salian Franks, or to the Salic law so called. [Also
salique.] Salic law. (a) A code of laws formed by the Salian Franks in
the fifth century. By one provision of this code women were excluded
from the inheritance of landed property. (b) Specifically, in modern
times, a law supposed to be a special application of the
above-mentioned provision, in accordance with which males alone can
inherit the throne. This law has obtained in France, and at times in
other countries of Europe, as Spain.
Salicaceous
Sal`i*ca"ceous (?), a. [L. salix, -icis, the willow.] Belonging or
relating to the willow.
Salcin
Sal"*cin (?), n. [L. salix, -icis, a willow: cf. F. salicine. See
Sallow the tree.] (Chem.) A glucoside found in the leaves of several
species of willow (Salix) and poplar, and extracted as a bitter white
crystalline substance.<-- salicyl alcohol glucoside, salicyl alcohol
b-D-glucopyranoside, saligenin b-D-glucopyranoside, C13H18O7. It is
used in biochemistry as a standard substrate for evaluating the
potency of b-glucosidase in enzymatic preparations. It is also an
analgesic. -->
Salicyl
Sal"i*cyl (?), n. [Salicin + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical of
salicylic acid and of certain related compounds.
Salicylal
Sal"i*cyl`al (?), n. [Salicylic + aldehide.] (Chem.) A thin, fragrant,
colorless oil, HO.C6H4.CHO, found in the flowers of meadow sweet
(Spir\'91a), and also obtained by oxidation of saligenin, etc. It
reddens on exposure. Called also salycylol, salicylic aldehyde, and
formerly salicylous, OR spiroylous, acid.
Salicylate
Sal"i*cyl`ate (-&asl;t), n. (Chem.) A salt of salicylic acid.
Salicylic
Sal`i*cyl"ic (?), n. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or
designating, an acid formerly obtained by fusing salicin with
potassium hydroxide, and now made in large quantities from phenol
(carbolic acid) by the action of carbon dioxide on heated sodium
phenolate. It is a white crystalline substance. It is used as an
antiseptic, and in its salts in the treatment of rheumatism. Called
also hydroxybenzoic acid.
Salicylide
Sal"i*cyl`ide (?), n. [Salicylic + anhydride.] (Chem.) A white
crystalline substance obtained by dehydration of salicylic acid.
Salicylite
Sal"i*cyl`ite (?), n. (Chem.) A compound of salicylal; -- named after
the analogy of a salt.
Salicylol
Sal"i*cyl`ol (?), n. [Salicylic + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) Same as
Salicylal.
Salicylous
Sa*lic"y*lous (? OR ?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a
substance called salicylous acid, and now salicylal. [Obs.]
Salience
Sa"li*ence (?), n. [See Salient.]
1. That quality or condition of being salient; a leaping; a springing
forward; an assaulting.
2. The quality or state of projecting, or being projected; projection;
protrusion. Sir W. Hamilton.
Saliency
Sa"li*en*cy (?), n. Quality of being salient; hence, vigor. "A fatal
lack of poetic saliency." J. Morley.
Salient
Sa"li*ent (?), a. [L. saliens, -entis, p.pr. of salire to leap; cf. F.
saillant. See Sally, n. & v. i..]
1. Moving by leaps or springs; leaping; bounding; jumping. "Frogs and
salient animals." Sir T. Browne.
2. Shooting out up; springing; projecting.
He had in himself a salient, living spring of generous and manly
action. Burke.
3. Hence, figuratively, forcing itself on the attention; prominent;
conspicuous; noticeable.
He [Grenville] had neither salient traits, nor general
comprehensiveness of mind. Bancroft.
4. (Math. & Fort.) Projectiong outwardly; as, a salient angle; --
opposed to re\'89ntering. See Illust. of Bastion.<-- convex? -->
5. (Her.) Represented in a leaping position; as, a lion salient.
Salient angle. See Salient, a., 4. -- Salient polygon (Geom.), a
polygon all of whose angles are salient. -- Salient polyhedron
(Geom.), a polyhedron all of whose solid angles are salient.
Salient
Sa"li*ent, a. (Fort.) A salient angle or part; a projection.
Saliently
Sa"li*ent*ly, adv. In a salient manner.
Saliferous
Sa*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sal salt + -ferous.] Producing, or
impregnated with, salt. Saliferous rocks (Geol.), the New Red
Sandstone system of some geologists; -- so called because, in Europe,
this formation contains beds of salt. The saliferous beds of New York
State belong largely to the Salina period of the Upper Silurian. See
the Chart of Geology.
Salifiable
Sal"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. salifiable. See Salify.] (Chem.)
Capable of neutralizing an acid to form a salt; -- said of bases;
thus, ammonia is salifiable.
Salification
Sal`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. salification.] (Chem.) The act,
process, or result of salifying; the state of being salified.
Salify
Sal"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Salifying (?).] [F. salifier; from L. sal salt + -ficare (only in
comp.) to make. See -fy.] (Chem.) (a) To combine or impregnate with a
salt. (b) To form a salt with; to convert into a salt; as, to salify a
base or an acid.
Saligenin
Sa*lig"e*nin (?), n. [Salicin + -gen.] (Chem.) A phenol alcohol
obtained, by the decomposition of salicin, as a white crystalline
substance; -- called also hydroxy-benzyl alcohol. <--
ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, saligenol, salicyl alcohol. HOCH2.C6H4.OH
-->
Saligot
Sal"i*got (?), n. [F.] (Bot.) The water chestnut (Trapa natans).
Salimeter
Sal*im"e*ter (?), n. [L. sal salt + -meter.] An instrument for
measuring the amount of salt present in any given solution. [Written
also salometer.]
Salimetry
Sal*im"e*try (?), n. The art or process of measuring the amount of
salt in a substance.
Salina
Sa*li"na (?), n. [Cf. L. salinae, pl., salt works, from sal salt. See
Saline, a.]
1. A salt marsh, or salt pond, inclosed from the sea.
2. Salt works.
Salina period
Sa*li"na pe"ri*od (?). [So called from Salina, a town in New York.]
(Geol.) The period in which the American Upper Silurian system,
containing the brine-producing rocks of central New York, was formed.
See the Chart of Geology.
Salination
Sal`i*na"tion (?), n. The act of washing with salt water. [R. & Obs..]
Greenhill.
Saline
Sa"line (? OR ?; 277), a. [F. salin, fr. L. sal salt: cf. L. salinae
salt works, salinum saltcellar. See Salt.]
1. Consisting of salt, or containing salt; as, saline particles;
saline substances; a saline cathartic.
2. Of the quality of salt; salty; as, a saline taste.
Saline
Sa"line (? OR ?; 277), n. [Cf. F. saline. See Saline, a.] A salt
spring; a place where salt water is collected in the earth.
Saline
Sal"ine (?), n.
1. (Chem.) A crude potash obtained from beet-root residues and other
similar sources. [Written also salin.]
2. (Med. Chem.) A metallic salt; esp., a salt of potassium, sodium,
lithium, or magnesium, used in medicine. <-- 3. (Med., Biochemistry) A
saline solution, esp. normal saline, or isotonic saline, used for
infusion, to maintain blood pressure. -->
Salineness
Sa*line"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being salt; saltness.
Saliniferous
Sal`i*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Saline + -ferous.] Same as Saliferous.
Saliniform
Sa*lin"i*form (?), a. Having the form or the qualities of a salt,
especially of common salt.
Salinity
Sa*lin"i*ty (?), n. Salineness. Carpenter.
Salinometer
Sal`i*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Saline + -meter.] A salimeter.
Salinous
Sa*lin"ous (?), a. Saline. [Obs.]
Salique
Sal"ique (? OR ?), a. [F.] Salic. Shak.
She fulmined out her scorn of laws salique. Tennyson.
Saliretin
Sal`i*re"tin (?), n. [Saligenin + Gr. (Chem.) A yellow amorphous
resinoid substance obtained by the action of dilute acids on
saligenin.
Salisburia
Sal`is*bu"ri*a (?), n. [Named after R. A. Salisbury, an English
botanist.] (Bot.) The ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba, or Salisburia
adiantifolia).
Salite
Sal"ite (?), v. t. [L. salitus, p.p. of salire to salt, fr. sal salt.]
To season with salt; to salt. [Obs.]
Salite
Sa"lite (?), n. [So called from Sala, a town in Sweden.] (Min.) A
massive lamellar variety of pyroxene, of a dingy green color. [Written
also sahlite.]
Saliva
Sa*li"va (?), n. [L.; cf. Gr. (Physiol.) The secretion from the
salivary glands.
NOTE: &hand; In man the saliva is a more or less turbid and slighty
viscid fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by
the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the
saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. The
secretions from the individual salivary glands have their own
special characteristics, and these are not the same in all animals.
In man and many animals mixed saliva, i.e., saliva composed of the
secretions of all three of the salivary glands, is an important
degestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme,
ptyalin.
Salival
Sa*li"val (?; 277), a. Salivary.
Salivant
Sal"i*vant (?), a. [L. salivans, p.pr. of salivare. See Salivate.]
Producing salivation.
Salivant
Sal"i*vant, n. That which produces salivation.
Salivary
Sal"i*va*ry (?), a. [L. salivarius slimy, clammy: cf. F. salivaire.]
(Physiol.) Of or pertaining to saliva; producing or carrying saliva;
as, the salivary ferment; the salivary glands; the salivary ducts,
etc.
Salivate
Sal"i*vate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salivated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Salivating.] [L. salivatus, p.p. of salivare to salivate. See Saliva.]
To produce an abnormal flow of saliva in; to produce salivation or
ptyalism in, as by the use of mercury. <-- v.i. To produce saliva,
esp. in excess. 2. To drool. 3. (Fig.) To anticipate keenly with
pleasure, as though salivating at the expectation of a delicious meal.
Used often with over.; as, salivate over the prospects of high profits
from an enterprise.
NOTE: Probably influenced by the experiments of Pavlov, who trained
dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell, by previously ringing the
bell immediately prior to feeding them.
-->
Salivation
Sal`i*va"tion (?), n. [L. salivatio: cf. F. salivation.] (Physiol.)
The act or process of salivating; an excessive secretion of saliva,
often accompained with soreness of the mouth and gums; ptyalism.
NOTE: &hand; It ma y be in duced by direct chemical or mechanical
stimulation, as in mastication of some tasteless substance like
rubber, or indirectly by some agent which affects the whole system,
as mercury compounds.
Salivous
Sa*li"vous (?), a. [L. salivosus: cf. F. saliveux.] Pertaining to
saliva; of the nature of saliva.
Salix
Sa"lix (?), n.; pl. Salices (#). [L., the willow.] (Bot.) (a) A genus
of trees or shrubs including the willow, osier, and the like, growing
usually in wet grounds. (b) A tree or shrub of any kind of willow.
Sallenders
Sal"len*ders (?), n. pl. [F. solandres, solandre.] (Far.) An eruption
on the hind leg of a horse. [Written also sellanders, and sellenders.]
On the inside of the hock, or a little below it, as well as at the
bend of the knee, there is occasionally a scurfy eruption called
"mallenders" in the fore leg, and "sallenders" in the hind leg.
Youatt.
Sallet
Sal"let (?), n. [F. salade, Sp. celada, or It. celata, fr. L. (cassis)
caelata, fr. caelare, caelatum, to engrave in relief. So called from
the figures engraved upon it.] A light kind of helmet, with or without
a visor, introduced during the 15th century. [Written also salade.]
Then he must have a sallet wherewith his head may be saved.
Latimer.
Salet, Salleting
Sal"et, Sal"let*ing, n. Salad. [Obs.] Shak.
Salliance
Sal"li*ance (?), n. Salience. [Obs.]
Sallow
Sal"low (?), n. [OE. salwe, AS. sealth; akin to OHG. salaha, G.
salwiede, Icel. selja L. salix, Ir. sail, saileach, Gael. seileach, W.
helyg, Gr.
1. The willow; willow twigs. [Poetic] Tennyson.
And bend the pliant sallow to a shield. Fawkes.
The sallow knows the basketmaker's thumb. Emerson.
2. (Bot.) A name given to certain species of willow, especially those
which do not have flexible shoots, as Salix caprea, S. cinerea, etc.
Sallow thorn (Bot.), a European thorny shrub (Hippophae rhamnoides)
much like an El\'91agnus. The yellow berries are sometimes used for
making jelly, and the plant affords a yellow dye.
Sallow
Sal"low, a. [Compar. Sallower (?); superl. Sallowest.] [AS. salu; akin
to D. zaluw, OHG. salo, Icel. s\'94lr yellow.] Having a yellowish
color; of a pale, sickly color, tinged with yellow; as, a sallow skin.
Shak.
Sallow
Sal"low, v. t. To tinge with sallowness. [Poetic]
July breathes hot, sallows the crispy fields. Lowell.
Sallowish
Sal"low*ish, a. Somewhat sallow. Dickens.
Sallowness
Sal"low*ness (?), n. The quality or condition of being sallow.
Addison.
Sally
Sal"ly (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sallied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sallying.] [F. saillir, fr. L. salire to leap, spring, akin to gr.
Sallient, Assail, Assault, Exult, Insult, Saltation, Saltire.] To leap
or rush out; to burst forth; to issue suddenly; as a body of troops
from a fortified place to attack besiegers; to make a sally.
They break the truce, and sally out by night. Dryden.
The foe retires, -- she heads the sallying host. Byron.
Sally
Sal"ly, n.; pl. Sallies (#). [F. saillie, fr. sailir. See Sally, v.]
1. A leaping forth; a darting; a spring.
2. A rushing or bursting forth; a quick issue; a sudden eruption;
specifically, an issuing of troops from a place besieged to attack the
besiegers; a sortie.
Sallies were made by the Spaniards, but they were beaten in with
loss. Bacon.
3. An excursion from the usual track; range; digression; deviation.
Every one shall know a country better that makes often sallies into
it, and traverses it up and down, than he that . . . goes still
round in the same track. Locke.
4. A flight of fancy, liveliness, wit, or the like; a flashing forth
of a quick and active mind.
The unaffected mirth with which she enjoyed his sallies. Sir W.
Scott.
5. Transgression of the limits of soberness or steadiness; act of
levity; wild gayety; frolic; escapade.
The excursion was esteemed but a sally of youth. Sir H. Wotton.
Sally port. (a) (Fort.) A postern gate, or a passage underground, from
the inner to the outer works, to afford free egress for troops in a
sortie. (b) (Naval) A large port on each quarter of a fireship, for
the escape of the men into boats when the train is fired; a large port
in an old-fashioned three-decker or a large modern ironclad.
Sally Lunn
Sal"ly Lunn" (?). [From a woman, Sally Lunn, who is said to have first
made the cakes, and sold them in the streets of Bath, Eng.] A tea cake
slighty sweetened, and raised with yeast, baked in the form of
biscuits or in a thin loaf, and eaten hot with butter.
Sallyman
Sal"ly*man (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The velella; -- called also saleeman.
Salm
Salm (?), n. Psalm. [Obs.] Piers plowman.
Salmagundi
Sal`ma*gun"di (?), n. [F. salmigondis of uncertain origin; perhaps
from L. salgama condita, pl.; salgama pickles + condita preserved (see
Condite); or from the Countess Salmagondi, lady of honor to Maria de
Medici, who is said to have invented it; or cf. It. salame salt meat,
and F. salmis a ragout.]
1. A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herring, with oil, vinegar,
pepper, and onions. Johnson.
2. Hence, a mixture of various ingredients; an olio or medley; a
potpourri; a miscellany. W. Irving.
Salmi
Sal"mi (?), n. (Cookery) Same as Salmis.
Salmiac
Sal"mi*ac (?), n. [Cf. F. salmiac, G. salmiak.] (Old Chem.) Sal
ammoniac. See under Sal.
Salmis
Sal`mis" (?), n. [F.] (Cookery) A ragout or partky roasted game stewed
with sauce, wine, bread, and condiments suited to provoke appetite.
Salmon
Salm"on (?), n.; pl. Salmons (#) or (collectively) Salmon. [OE.
saumoun, salmon, F. saumon, fr. L. salmo, salmonis perhaps from salire
to leap. Cf. Sally, v.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of fishes of the genus Salmo
and allied genera. The common salmon (Salmo salar) of Northern Europe
and Eastern North America, and the California salmon, or quinnat, are
the most important species. They are extensively preserved for food.
See Quinnat.
NOTE: &hand; Th e salmons ascend rivers and penetrate to their head
streams to spawn. They are remarkably strong fishes, and will even
leap over considerable falls which lie in the way of their
progress. The common salmon has been known to grow to the weight of
seventy-five pounds; more generally it is from fifteen to
twenty-five pounds. Young salmon are called parr, peal, smolt, and
grilse. Among the true salmons are:
Black salmon, or Lake salmon, the namaycush. -- Dog salmon, a salmon
of Western North America (Oncorhynchus keta). -- Humpbacked salmon, a
Pacific-coast salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). -- King salmon, the
quinnat. -- Landlocked salmon, a variety of the common salmon (var.
Sebago), long confined in certain lakes in consequence of obstructions
that prevented it from returning to the sea. This last is called also
dwarf salmon. Among fishes of other families which are locally and
erroneously called salmon are: the pike perch, called jack salmon; the
spotted, or southern, squeteague; the cabrilla, called kelp salmon;
young pollock, called sea salmon; and the California yellowtail.
2. A reddish yellow or orange color, like the flesh of the salmon.
Salmon berry (Bot.), a large red raspberry growing from Alaska to
California, the fruit of the Rubus Nutkanus. -- Salmon killer
(Zo\'94l.), a stickleback (Gasterosteus cataphractus) of Western North
America and Northern Asia. -- Salmon ladder, salmon stair. See Fish
ladder, under Fish. -- Salmon peel, a young salmon. -- Salmon pipe, a
certain device for catching salmon. Crabb. -- Salmon trout. (Zo\'94l.)
(a) The European sea trout (Salmo trutta). It resembles the salmon,
but is smaller, and has smaller and more numerous scales. (b) The
American namaycush. (c) A name that is also applied locally to the
adult black spotted trout (Salmo purpuratus), and to the steel head
and other large trout of the Pacific coast.
Salmon
Salm"on, a. Of a reddish yellow or orange color, like that of the
flesh of the salmon.
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Salmonet
Salm"on*et (?), n. [Cf. Samlet.] (Zo\'94l.) A salmon of small size; a
samlet.
Salmonoid
Sal"mon*oid (?), a. [Salmon + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like, or pertaining
to, the Salmonid\'91, a family of fishes including the trout and
salmon. -- n. Any fish of the family Salmonid\'91.
Salogen
Sal"o*gen (?), n. [L. sal salt + -gen.] (Chem.) A halogen. [Obs.]
Salol
Sal"ol (?), n. [Salicylic + -ol.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
substance consisting of phenol salicylate.
salometer
sa*lom"e*ter (?), n. See Salimeter.
Salomtry
Sa*lom"*try (?), n. Salimetry.
Salom
Sa`lom" (?), n. [F. See Saloon.] An apartment for the reception of
company; hence, in the plural, faschionable parties; circles of
fashionable society.
Saloon
Sa*loon" (?), n. [F. salon (cf. It. salone), fr. F. salle a large
room, a hall, of German or Dutch origin; cf. OHG. sal house, hall, G.
saal; akin to AS. s\'91l, sele, D. zaal, Icel. salr, Goth. saljan to
dwell, and probably to L. solum ground. Cf. Sole of the foot, Soil
ground, earth.]
1. A spacious and elegant apartment for the reception of company or
for works of art; a hall of reception, esp. a hall for public
entertainments or amusements; a large room or parlor; as, the saloon
of a steamboat.
The gilden saloons in which the first magnates of the realm . . .
gave banquets and balls. Macaulay.
2. Popularly, a public room for specific uses; esp., a barroom or
grogshop; as, a drinking saloon; an eating saloon; a dancing saloon.
We hear of no hells, or low music halls, or low dancing saloons [at
Athens.] J. P. Mahaffy.
Saloop
Sa*loop" (?), n. An aromatic drink prepared from sassafras bark and
other ingredients, at one time much used in London. J. Smith (Dict.
econ. Plants). Saloop bush (Bot.), an Australian shrub (Rhagodia
hastata) of the Goosefoot family, used for fodder.
Salp
Salp (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Salpa, or of the family
Salpid\'91.
Salpa
Sal"pa (?), n.; pl. L. Salp\'91 (#), E. Salpas (#). [NL.: cf. L. salpa
a kind of stockfish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of transparent, tubular,
free-swimming oceanic tunicates found abundantly in all the warmer
latitudes. See Illustration in Appendix.
NOTE: &hand; Ea ch sp ecies ex ists in tw o distinct forms, one of
which lives solitary, and produces, by budding from an internal
organ, a series of the other kind. These are united together, side
by side, so as to form a chain, or cluster, often of large size.
Each of the individuals composing the chain carries a single egg,
which develops into the solitary kind.
Salpian, Salpid
Sal"pi*an (?), Sal"pid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A salpa.
Salpicon
Sal"pi*con (?), n. [F. salpicon, Sp. salpicon.] Chopped meat, bread,
etc., used to stuff legs of veal or other joints; stuffing; farce.
Bacon.
Salpingitis
Sal`pin*gi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Salpinx, and -itis.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the salpinx.
Salpinx
Sal"pinx (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Old Anat.) The Eustachian tube, or
the Fallopian tube.
Salsafy
Sal"sa*fy (?), n. (Bot.) See Salsify.
Salsamentarious
Sal`sa*men*ta"ri*ous (?), a. [L. salsamentarius, fr. salsamentum
brine, pickled fish, fr. salsus salted, p.p. of salire to salt.] Salt;
salted; saline. [R.]
Salse
Salse (?), n. [F.] A mud volcano, the water of which is often
impregnated with salts, whence the name.
Salsify
Sal"si*fy (?; 277), n. [F. salsifis.] (Bot.) See Oyster plant (a),
under Oyster.
Salso-acid
Sal"so-ac`id (?), a. [L. salsus salted, salt + acidus acid.] Having a
taste compounded of saltness and acidity; both salt and acid. [R.]
Salsoda
Sal`so"da (?), n. See Sal soda, under Sal.
Salsola
Sal"so*la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. salsus salt, because they contain
alkaline salts.] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the glasswort. See
Glasswort.
salsuginous
sal*su"gi*nous (?), a. [L. salsugo, -ginis, saltness from salsus
salted, salt: cf. F. salsugineux.] (Bot.) Growing in brackish places
or in salt marches.
Salt
Salt (?), n. [AS. sealt; akin to OS. & OFries. salt, D. zout, G. salz,
Icel., Sw., & Dan. salt, L. sal, Gr. sole, Ir. & Gael. salann, W.
halen, of unknown origin. Cf. Sal, Salad, Salary, Saline, Sauce,
Sausage.]
1. The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning food, for
the preservation of meat, etc. It is found native in the earth, and is
also produced, by evaporation and crystallization, from sea water and
other water impregnated with saline particles.
2. Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack; seasoning.
Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . . . we have some
salt of our youth in us. Shak.
3. Hence, also, piquancy; wit; sense; as, Attic salt.
4. A dish for salt at table; a saltcellar.
I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of silver
salts. Pepys.
5. A sailor; -- usually qualified by old. [Colloq.]
Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and gossiping,
clusters of old salts. Hawthorne.
6. (Chem.) The neutral compound formed by the union of an acid base;
thus, sulphuric acid and iron form the salt sulphate of iron or green
vitriol.
NOTE: &hand; Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking,
it is the acid radical which unites with the base or basic radical,
with the elimination of hydrogen, of water, or of analogous
compounds as side products. In the case of diacid and triacid
bases, and of dibasic and tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization
may vary in degree, producing respectively basic, neutral, or acid
salts See Phrases below.
7. Fig.: That which preserves from corruption or error; that which
purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also, an allowance or
deduction; as, his statements must be taken with a grain of salt.
Ye are the salt of the earth. Matt. v. 13.
8. pl. Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic, especially
Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or Glauber's salt.
9. pl. Marches flooded by the tide. [Prov. Eng.]
Above the salt, Below the salt, phrases which have survived the old
custom, in the houses of people of rank, of placing a large saltcellar
near the middle of a long table, the places above which were assigned
to the guests of distinction, and those below to dependents,
inferiors, and poor relations. See Saltfoot.
His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is beneath him in
clothes. He never drinks below the salt. B. Jonson.
-- Acid salt (Chem.) (a) A salt derived from an acid which has several
replaceable hydrogen atoms which are only partially exchanged for
metallic atoms or basic radicals; as, acid potassium sulphate is an
acid salt. (b) A salt, whatever its constitution, which merely gives
an acid reaction; thus, copper sulphate, which is composed of a strong
acid united with a weak base, is an acid salt in this sense, though
theoretically it is a neutral salt. -- Alkaline salt (Chem.), a salt
which gives an alkaline reaction, as sodium carbonate. -- Amphid salt
(Old Chem.), a salt of the oxy type, formerly regarded as composed of
two oxides, an acid and a basic oxide. [Obsolescent] -- Basic salt
(Chem.) (a) A salt which contains more of the basic constituent than
is required to neutralize the acid. (b) An alkaline salt. -- Binary
salt (Chem.), a salt of the oxy type conveniently regarded as composed
of two ingredients (analogously to a haloid salt), viz., a metal and
an acid radical. -- Double salt (Chem.), a salt regarded as formed by
the union of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium
sulphate. See under Double. -- Epsom salts. See in the Vocabulary. --
Essential salt (Old Chem.), a salt obtained by crystalizing plant
juices. -- Ethereal salt. (Chem.) See under Ethereal. -- Glauber's
salt OR salts. See in Vocabulary. -- Haloid salt (Chem.), a simple
salt of a halogen acid, as sodium chloride. -- Microcosmic salt.
(Chem.). See under Microcosmic. -- Neutral salt. (Chem.) (a A salt in
which the acid and base (in theory) neutralize each other. (b) A salt
which gives a neutral reaction. -- Oxy salt (Chem.), a salt derived
from an oxygen acid. -- Per salt (Old Chem.), a salt supposed to be
derived from a peroxide base or analogous compound. [Obs.] --
Permanent salt, a salt which undergoes no change on exposure to the
air. -- Proto salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a protoxide base or
analogous compound. -- Rochelle salt. See under Rochelle. -- Salt of
amber (Old Chem.), succinic acid. -- Salt of colcothar (Old Chem.),
green vitriol, or sulphate of iron. -- Salt of hartshorn. (Old Chem.)
(a) Sal ammoniac, or ammonium chloride. (b) Ammonium carbonate. Cf.
Spirit of hartshorn, under Hartshorn. -- Salt of lemons. (Chem.) See
Salt of sorrel, below. -- Salt of Saturn (Old Chem.), sugar of lead;
lead acetate; -- the alchemical of lead being Saturn. -- Salt of
Seignette. Same as Rochelle salt. -- Salt of soda (Old Chem.), sodium
carbonate. -- Salt of sorrel (Old Chem.), acid potassium oxalate, or
potassium quadroxalate, used as a solvent for ink stains; -- so called
because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also sometimes inaccurately
called salt of lemon. -- Salt of tartar (Old Chem.), potassium
carbonate; -- so called because formerly made by heating cream of
tartar, or potassium tartrate. [Obs.] -- Salt of Venus (Old Chem.),
blue vitriol; copper sulphate; -- the alchemical name of copper being
Venus. -- Salt of wisdom. See Alembroth. -- Sedative salt (Old Med.
Chem.), boric acid. -- Sesqui salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a
sesquioxide base or analogous compound. -- Spirit of salt. (Chem.) See
under Spirit. -- Sulpho salt (Chem.), a salt analogous to an oxy salt,
but containing sulphur in place of oxygen.
Salt
Salt (?), a. [Compar. Salter (?); superl. Saltest.] [AS. sealt, salt.
See Salt, n.]
1. Of or relating to salt; abounding in, or containing, salt; prepared
or preserved with, or tasting of, salt; salted; as, salt beef; salt
water. "Salt tears." Chaucer.
2. Overflowed with, or growing in, salt water; as, a salt marsh; salt
grass.
3. Fig.: Bitter; sharp; pungent.
I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me. Shak.
4. Fig.: Salacious; lecherous; lustful. Shak.
Salt acid (Chem.), hydrochloric acid. -- Salt block, an apparatus for
evaporating brine; a salt factory. Knight. -- Salt bottom, a flat
piece of ground covered with saline efforescences. [Western U.S.]
bartlett. -- Salt cake (Chem.), the white caked mass, consisting of
sodium sulphate, which is obtained as the product of the first stage
in the manufacture of soda, according to Leblanc's process. -- Salt
fish. (a) Salted fish, especially cod, haddock, and similar fishes
that have been salted and dried for food. (b) A marine fish. -- Salt
garden, an arrangement for the natural evaporation of sea water for
the production of salt, employing large shallow basins excavated near
the seashore. -- Salt gauge, an instrument used to test the strength
of brine; a salimeter. -- Salt horse, salted beef. [Slang] -- Salt
junk, hard salt beef for use at sea. [Slang] -- Salt lick. See Lick,
n. -- Salt marsh, grass land subject to the overflow of salt water. --
Salt-marsh caterpillar (Zo\'94l.), an American bombycid moth
(Spilosoma acre\'91 which is very destructive to the salt-marsh
grasses and to other crops. Called also wooly bear. See Illust. under
Moth, Pupa, and Woolly bear, under Woolly. -- Salt-marsh fleabane
(Bot.), a strong-scented composite herb (Pluchea camphorata) with
rayless purplish heads, growing in salt marshes. -- Salt-marsh hen
(Zo\'94l.), the clapper rail. See under Rail. -- Salt-marsh terrapin
(Zo\'94l.), the diamond-back. -- Salt mine, a mine where rock salt is
obtained. -- Salt pan. (a) A large pan used for making salt by
evaporation; also, a shallow basin in the ground where salt water is
evaporated by the heat of the sun. (b) pl. Salt works. -- Salt pit, a
pit where salt is obtained or made. -- Salt rising, a kind of yeast in
which common salt is a principal ingredient. [U.S.] -- Salt raker, one
who collects salt in natural salt ponds, or inclosures from the sea.
-- Salt sedative (Chem.), boracic acid. [Obs.] -- Salt spring, a
spring of salt water. -- Salt tree (Bot.), a small leguminous tree
(Halimodendron argenteum) growing in the salt plains of the Caspian
region and in Siberia. -- Salt water, water impregnated with salt, as
that of the ocean and of certain seas and lakes; sometimes, also
tears.
Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see; And yet salt water
blinds them not so much But they can see a sort of traitors here.
Shak.
-- Salt-water sailor, an ocean mariner. -- Salt-water tailor.
(Zo\'94l.) See Bluefish.
Salt
Salt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salted; p. pr. & vb. n. Salting.]
1. To sprinkle, impregnate, or season with salt; to preserve with salt
or in brine; to supply with salt; as, to salt fish, beef, or pork; to
salt cattle.
2. To fill with salt between the timbers and planks, as a ship, for
the preservation of the timber.
To salt a mine, to artfully deposit minerals in a mine in order to
deceive purchasers regarding its value. [Cant] -- To salt away, To
salt down, to prepare with, or pack in, salt for preserving, as meat,
eggs, etc.; hence, colloquially, to save, lay up, or invest sagely, as
money.
Salt
Salt (?), v. i. To deposit salt as a saline solution; as, the brine
begins to salt.
Salt
Salt (?), n. [L. saltus, fr. salire to leap.] The act of leaping or
jumping; a leap. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Saltant
Sal"tant (?), a. [L. saltans, p.pr. of saltare to dance, v. intens.
fr. salire to leap: cf. F. sautant. See Sally, v.]
1. Leaping; jumping; dancing.
2. (Her.) In a leaping position; springing forward; -- applied
especially to the squirrel, weasel, and rat, also to the cat,
greyhound, monkey, etc.
Saltarella
Sal`ta*rel"la (?), n. See Saltarello.
Saltarello
Sal`ta*rel"lo (?), n. [It., fr. L. saltare to jump.] A popular Italian
dance in quick 3-4 or 6-8 time, running mostly in triplets, but with a
hop step at the beginning of each measure. See Tarantella.
Saltate
Sal"tate (?), v. i. [See Saltant.] To leap or dance. [R.]
Saltation
Sal*ta"tion (?), n. [L. saltatio: cf. F. saltation.]
1. A leaping or jumping.
Continued his saltation without pause. Sir W. Scott.
2. Beating or palpitation; as, the saltation of the great artery.
3. (Biol.) An abrupt and marked variation in the condition or
appearance of a species; a sudden modification which may give rise to
new races.
We greatly suspect that nature does make considerable jumps in the
way of variation now and then, and that these saltations give rise
to some of the gaps which appear to exist in the series of known
forms. Huxley.
Saltatoria
Sal`ta*to"ri*a (?), n.; pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Orthoptera
including grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets.
Saltatorial
Sal`ta*to"ri*al (?), a.
1. Relating to leaping; saltatory; as, saltatorial exercises.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Same as Saltatorious. (b) Of or pertaining to the
Saltatoria.
Saltatorious
Sal`ta*to"ri*ous (?), a. Capable of leaping; formed for leaping;
saltatory; as, a saltatorious insect or leg.
Saltatory
Sal"ta*to"ry (?), a. [L. saltatorius. See Saltant, and cf. Saltire.]
Leaping or dancing; having the power of, or used in, leaping or
dancing. Saltatory evolution (Biol.), a theory of evolution which
holds that the transmutation of species is not always gradual, but
that there may come sudden and marked variations. See Saltation.<--
recently revived as "punctuated equilibrium" --> -- Saltatory spasm
(Med.), an affection in which pressure of the foot on a floor causes
the patient to spring into the air, so as to make repeated involuntary
motions of hopping and jumping. J. Ross.
Saltbush
Salt"bush` (?), n. (Bot.) An Australian plant (Atriplex nummularia) of
the Goosefoot family.
Saltcat
Salt"cat` (?), n. A mixture of salt, coarse meal lime, etc.,
attractive to pigeons.
Saltcellar
Salt"cel*lar (?), n. [OE. saltsaler; salt + F. sali\'8are saltcellar,
from L. sal salt. See Salt, and cf. Salary.] Formerly a large vessel,
now a small vessel of glass or other material, used for holding salt
on the table.
Salter
Salt"er (?), n. One who makes, sells, or applies salt; one who salts
meat or fish.
Saltern
Salt"ern (?), n. A building or place where salt is made by boiling or
by evaporation; salt works.
Saltfoot
Salt"foot` (?), n. A large saltcellar formerly placed near the center
of the table. The superior guests were seated above the saltfoot.
Salt-green
Salt"-green (?), a. Sea-green in color. Shak.
Saltle
Salt"le (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European dab.
Saltier
Sal"tier (?), n. See Saltire.
Saltigrad\'91
Sal`ti*gra"d\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL. See Saltigrade.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe
of spiders including those which lie in wait and leap upon their prey;
the leaping spiders.
Saltigrade
Sal"ti*grade (?), a. [L. saltus a leap + gradi to walk, go: cf. F.
saltigrade.] (Zo\'94l.) Having feet or legs formed for leaping.
Saltigrade
Sal"ti*grade, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Saltigrad\'91 a tribe of
spiders which leap to seize their prey.
Saltimbanco
Sal`tim*ban"co (?), n. [It., literally, one who leaps or mounts upon a
bench; saltare to leap + in in, upon + banco a bench.] A mountebank; a
quack. [Obs.] [Written also santibanco.]
Saltimbancos, quacksalvers, and charlatans. Sir T. browne.
Salting
Salt"ing (?), n.
1. The act of sprinkling, impregnating, or furnishing, with salt.
2. A salt marsh.
Saltire
Sal"tire (?), n. [F. sautoir, fr. LL. saltatorium a sort of stirrup,
fr. L. saltatorius saltatory. See Saltatory, Sally, v.] (Her.) A St.
Andrew's cross, or cross in the form of an X, -- one of the honorable
ordinaries.
Saltirewise
Sal"tire*wise` (?), adv. (Her.) In the manner of a saltire; -- said
especially of the blazoning of a shield divided by two lines drawn in
the direction of a bend and a bend sinister, and crossing at the
center.
Saltish
Salt"ish (?), a. Somewhat salt. -- Salt"ish*ly, adv. -- Salt"ish*ness,
n.
Saltless
Salt"less, a. Destitute of salt; insipid.
Saltly
Salt"ly, adv. With taste of salt; in a salt manner.
Saltmouth
Salt"mouth` (?), n. A wide-mouthed bottle with glass stopper for
holding chemicals, especially crystallized salts.
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Page 1272
Saltness
Salt"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being salt, or state of
being salt, or impregnated with salt; salt taste; as, the saltness of
sea water.
Saltpeter, Saltpetre
Salt`pe"ter, Salt`pe"tre, (, n. [F. salp\'88tre, NL. sal petrae,
literally, rock salt, or stone salt; Salt, and Petrify.] (Chem.)
Potassium nitrate; niter, a white crystalline substance, KNO3, having
a cooling saline taste, obtained by leaching from certain soils in
which it is produced by the process of nitrification (see
Nitrification, 2). It is a strong oxidizer, is the chief constituent
of gunpowder, and is also used as an antiseptic in curing meat, and in
medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and refrigerant. Chili salpeter
(Chem.), sodium nitrate (distinguished from potassium nitrate, or true
salpeter), a white crystalline substance, NaNO3, having a cooling,
saline, slightly bitter taste. It is obtained by leaching the soil of
the rainless districts of Chili and Peru. It is deliquescent and
cannot be used in gunpowder, but is employed in the production of
nitric acid. Called also cubic niter. -- Saltpeter acid (Chem.),
nitric acid; -- sometimes so called because made from saltpeter.
Saltpetrous
Salt`pe"trous (?), a. [Cf. F. salp\'88treux.] Pertaining to saltpeter,
or partaking of its qualities; impregnated with saltpeter. [Obs.]
Salt rheum
Salt" rheum (?). (Med.) A popular name, esp. in the United States, for
various cutaneous eruptions, particularly for those of eczema. See
Eczema.
Saltwort
Salt`wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several plants which grow on
the seashore, as the Batis maritima, and the glasswort. See Glasswort.
Black saltwort, the sea milkwort.
Salty
Salt"y (?), a. Somewhat salt; saltish.
Salubrious
Sa*lu"bri*ous (?), a. [L. salubris, or saluber, fr. salus health; akin
to salvus safe, sound, well. See Safe.] Favorable to health;
healthful; promoting health; as, salubrious air, water, or climate.
Syn. -- Healthful; wholesome; healthy; salutary. -- Sa-lu"bri*ous*ly,
adv. -- Sa*lu"bri*ous*ness, n.
Salubrity
Sa*lu"bri*ty (?), n. [L. salubritas: cf. F. salubrit\'82 See
Salubrious.] The quality of being salubrious; favorableness to the
preservation of health; salubriousness; wholesomeness; healthfulness;
as, the salubrity of the air, of a country, or a climate. "A sweet,
dry small of salubrity." G. W. Cable.
Salue
Sa*lue" (?), v. t. [F. saluer. See Salute.] To salute. [Obs.]
There was no "good day" and no saluyng. Chaucer.
Salutary
Sal"u*ta*ry (?), a. [L. salutaris, from salus, -utis, health safety:
cf. F. salutaire. See Salubrious.]
1. Wholesome; healthful; promoting health; as, salutary exercise.
2. Promotive of, or contributing to, some beneficial purpose;
beneficial; advantageous; as, a salutary design. Syn. -- Wholesome;
healthful; salubrious; beneficial; useful; advantageous; profitable.
-- Sal"u*ta*ri*ly (#), adv. -- Sal"u*ta*ri*ness, n.
Salutation
Sal`u*ta"tion (?), n. [L. salutatio: cf. F. salutation. See Salute.]
The act of saluting, or paying respect or reverence, by the customary
words or actions; the act of greeting, or expressing good will or
courtesy; also, that which is uttered or done in saluting or greeting.
In all public meetings or private addresses, use those forms of
salutation, reverence, and decency usual amongst the most sober
persons. Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- Greeting; salute; address. -- Salutation, Greeting, Salute,
Greeting is the general word for all manner of expressions of
recognition, agreeable or otherwise, made when persons meet or
communicate with each other. A greeting may be hearty and loving,
chilling and offensive, or merely formal, as in the opening sentence
of legal documents. Salutation more definitely implies a wishing well,
and is used of expressions at parting as well as at meeting. It is
used especially of uttered expressions of good will. Salute, while
formerly and sometimes still in the sense of either greeting or
salutation, is now used specifically to denote a conventional
demonstration not expressed in words. The guests received a greeting
which relieved their embrassment, offered their salutations in
well-chosen terms, and when they retired, as when they entered, made a
deferential salute.
Woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye love the uppermost seats in the
synagogues, and greetings in the markets. Luke xi. 43.
When Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her
womb. Luke i. 41.
I shall not trouble my reader with the first salutes of our three
friends. Addison.
Salutatorian
Sa*lu`ta*to"ri*an (?), n. The student who pronounces the salutatory
oration at the annual Commencement or like exercises of a college, --
an honor commonly assigned to that member of the graduating class who
ranks second in scholarship. [U.S.]
Salutatorily
Sa*lu"ta*to*ri*ly (?), adv. By way of salutation.
Salutatory
Sa*lu"ta*to*ry (?), a. [L. salutatorius. See Salute.] Containing or
expressing salutations; speaking a welcome; greeting; -- applied
especially to the oration which introduces the exercises of the
Commencements, or similar public exhibitions, in American colleges.
Salutatory
Sa*lu"ta*to*ry, n.
1. A place for saluting or greeting; a vestibule; a porch. [Obs.]
Milton.
2. (American Colleges) The salutatory oration.
Salute
Sa*lute" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saluted; p. pr. & vb. n. Saluting.]
[L. salutare, salutatum, from salus, -utis, health, safety. See
Salubrious.]
1. To adress, as with expressions of kind wishes and courtesy; to
greet; to hail.
I salute you with this kingly title. Shak.
2. Hence, to give a sign of good will; to compliment by an act or
ceremony, as a kiss, a bow, etc.
You have the prettiest tip of a finger . . . I must take the
freedom to salute it. Addison.
3. (Mil. & Naval) To honor, as some day, person, or nation, by a
discharge of cannon or small arms, by dipping colors, by cheers, etc.
4. To promote the welfare and safety of; to benefit; to gratify.
[Obs.] "If this salute my blood a jot." Shak.
Salute
Sa*lute" (?), n. [Cf. F. salut. See Salute, v.]
1. The act of saluting, or expressing kind wishes or respect;
salutation; greeting.
2. A sign, token, or ceremony, expressing good will, compliment, or
respect, as a kiss, a bow, etc. Tennyson.
3. (Mil. & Naval) A token of respect or honor for some distinguished
or official personage, for a foreign vessel or flag, or for some
festival or event, as by presenting arms, by a discharge of cannon,
volleys of small arms, dipping the colors or the topsails, etc.
Saluter
Sa*lut"er (?), n. One who salutes.
Salutiferous
Sal`u*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. salutifer; salus, -utis, health + ferre
to bring.] Bringing health; healthy; salutary; beneficial; as,
salutiferous air. [R.]
Innumerable powers, all of them salutiferous. Cudworth.
Syn. -- Healthful; healthy; salutary; salubrious.
Salutiferously
Sal`u*tif"er*ous*ly, adv. Salutarily. [R.]
Salvability
Sal`va*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or condition of being salvable;
salvableness. [R.]
In the Latin scheme of redemption, salvability was not possible
outside the communion of the visible organization. A. V. G. Allen.
Salvable
Sal"va*ble (?), a. [L. salvare to save, from salvus safe. Cf.
Savable.] Capable of being saved; admitting of salvation. Dr. H. More.
-- Sal"va*ble*ness, n. -- Sal"va*bly, adv.
Salvage
Sal"vage (?; 48), n. [F. salvage, OF. salver to save, F. sauver, fr.
L. salvare. See Save.]
1. The act of saving a vessel, goods, or life, goods, or life, from
perils of the sea.
Salvage of life from a british ship, or a foreign ship in British
waters, ranks before salvage of goods. Encyc. Brit.
2. (Maritime Law) (a) The compensation allowed to persons who
voluntarily assist in saving a ship or her cargo from peril. (b) That
part of the property that survives the peril and is saved. Kent.
Abbot.
Salvage
Sal"vage, a. & n. Savage. [Obs.] Spenser.
Salvation
Sal*va"tion (?), n. [OE. salvacioun, sauvacion, F. salvation, fr. L.
salvatio, fr. salvare to save. See Save.]
1. The act of saving; preservation or deliverance from destruction,
danger, or great calamity.
2. (Theol.) The redemption of man from the bondage of sin and
liability to eternal death, and the conferring on him of everlasting
happiness.
To earn salvation for the sons of men. Milton.
Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation. 2. Cor. vii. 10.
3. Saving power; that which saves.
Fear ye not; stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord, which
he will show to you to-day. Ex. xiv. 13.
Salvation Army, an organization for prosecuting the work of Christian
evangelization, especially among the degraded populations of cities.
It is virtually a new sect founded in London in 1861 by William Booth.
The evangelists, male and female, have military titles according to
rank, that of the chief being "General." They wear a uniform, and in
their phraseology and mode of work adopt a quasi military style.
Salvationist
Sal*va"tion*ist, n. An evangelist, a member, or a recruit, of the
Salvation Army.
Salvatory
Sal"va*to*ry (?), n. [LL. salvatorium, fr. salvare to save.] A place
where things are preserved; a repository. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
Salve
Sal"ve (?), interj. [L., hail, God save you, imperat. of salvere to be
well. Cf. Salvo a volley.] Hail!
Salve
Sal"ve (? OR ?), v. t. To say "Salve" to; to greet; to salute. [Obs.]
By this that stranger knight in presence came, And goodly salved
them. Spenser.
Salve
Salve (?; 277), n. [AS. sealf ointment; akin to LG. salwe, D. zalve,
zalf, OHG. salba, Dan. salve, Sw. salva, Goth. salb to anoint, and
probably to Gr. (Hesychius) sapris clarified butter. &root;155, 291.]
1. An adhesive composition or substance to be applied to wounds or
sores; a healing ointment. Chaucer.
2. A soothing remedy or antidote.
Counsel or consolation we may bring. Salve to thy sores. Milton.
Salve bug (Zo\'94l.), a large, stout isopod crustacean (\'92ga psora),
parasitic on the halibut and codfish, -- used by fishermen in the
preparation of a salve. It becomes about two inches in length.
Salve
Salve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Salved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Salving.] [AS.
sealfian to anoint. See Salve, n.]
1. To heal by applications or medicaments; to cure by remedial
traetment; to apply salve to; as, to salve a wound. Shak.
2. To heal; to remedy; to cure; to make good; to soothe, as with an
ointment, especially by some device, trick, or quibble; to gloss over.
But Ebranck salved both their infamies With noble deeds. Spenser.
What may we do, then, to salve this seeming inconsistence? Milton.
<-- salve one's conscience. salve one's wounded pride -->
Salve
Salve (?), v. t. & i. [See Salvage] To save, as a ship or goods, from
the perils of the sea. [Recent]
Salver
Salv"er (?), n. One who salves, or uses salve as a remedy; hence, a
quacksalver, or quack. [Obs.]
Salver
Sal"ver (?), n. [Cf. Salvage.] A salvor. Skeat.
Salver
Sal"ver (?), n. [Sp. salva pregustation, the tasting of viands before
they are served, salver, fr. salvar to save, to taste, to prove the
food or drink of nobles, from L. salvare to save. See Save.] A tray or
waiter on which anything is presented. <-- now used mostly in
compounds; e.g. tea salver -->
Salver-shaped
Sal"ver-shaped` (?), a. (Bot.) Tubular, with a speading border. See
Hypocraterimorphous.
Salvia
Sal"vi*a (?), n. [L., sage.] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the
sage. See Sage.
Salvific
Sal*vif"ic (?), a. [L. salficus saving; salvus saved, safe + facere to
make.] Tending to save or secure safety. [Obs.]
Salvo
Sal"vo (?), n.; pl. Salvos (#). [L. salvo jure, literally, the right
being reserved. See Safe.] An exception; a reservation; an excuse.
They admit many salvos, cautions, and reservations. Eilon Basilike.
Salvo
Sal"vo, n. [F. salve a discharge of heavy cannon, a volley, L. salve
hail, imperat. of salvere to be well, akin to salvus well. See Safe.]
1. (Mil.) A concentrated fire from pieces of artillery, as in
endeavoring to make a break in a fortification; a volley.
2. A salute paid by a simultaneous, or nearly simultaneous, firing of
a number of cannon.
Salvor
Sal"vor (?), n. [See Salvation, Save] (Law) One who assists in saving
a ship or goods at sea, without being under special obligation to do
so. Wheaton.
Sam
Sam (?), adv. [AS. same. See Same, a.] Together. [Obs.] "All in that
city sam." Spenser.
Samara
Sa*ma"ra (? OR ?), n. [L. samara, samera, the seed of the elm.] (Bot.)
A dry, indehiscent, usually one-seeded, winged fruit, as that of the
ash, maple, and elm; a key or key fruit.
Samare
Sam"are (?), n. See Simar.
Samaritan
Sa*mar"i*tan (?), a. [L. Samaritanus.] Of or pertaining to Samaria, in
Palestine. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Samaria; also, the language
of Samaria.
Samarium
Sa*ma"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. E. samarskite.] (Chem.) A rare metallic
element of doubtful identity.
NOTE: &hand; Sa marium wa s di scovered, by me ans of sp ectrum
analysis, in certain minerals (samarskite, cerite, etc.), in which
it is associated with other elements of the earthy group. It has
been confounded with the donbtful elements decipium, philippium,
etc., and is possibly a complex mixture of elements not as yet
clearly identified. Symbol Sm. Provisional atomic weight 150.2.
<-- a true element. Symb. Sa or Sm; At. No. 62; At. wt. 150.43.
Valence 2 or 3. -->
Samaroid
Sam"a*roid (?; 277), a. [Samara + -oid.] (Bot.) Resembling a samara,
or winged seed vessel.
Samarra
Sa*mar"ra (?), n. See Simar.
Samarskite
Sa*mar"skite (?), a. [After Samarski, a Russian.] (Min.) A rare
mineral having a velvet-black color and submetallic luster. It is a
niobate of uranium, iron, and the yttrium and cerium metals.
Sambo
Sam"bo, n. [Sp. zambo, sambo.] A colloquial or humorous appelation for
a negro; sometimes, the offspring of a black person and a mulatto; a
zambo.<-- deprecatory and impolite -->
Samboo
Sam"boo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sumbur.
Sambucus
Sam*bu"cus (?), n. [L., an elder tree.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs and
trees; the elder.
Sambuke
Sam"buke (?), n. [L. sambuca, Gr. (Mus.) An ancient stringed
instrument used by the Greeks, the particular construction of which is
unknown.
Sambur
Sam"bur (?), n. [Hind. s\'bembar, s\'bebar.] (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian
deer (Rusa Aristotelis) having a mane on its neck. Its antlers have
but three prongs. Called also gerow. The name is applied to other
species of the genus Rusa, as the Bornean sambur (R. equina).
Same
Same (?), a. [AS. same. adv.; akin to OS. sama, samo, adv., OHG. sam,
a., sama, adv., Icel. samr, a., Sw. samme, samma, Dan. samme, Goth.
sama, Russ. samui, Gr. sama, Gr. simul at the same time, similis like,
and E. some, a., -some. &root;191. Cf. Anomalous, Assemble,
Homeopathy, Homily, Seem, v. i., Semi-, Similar, Some.]
1. Not different or other; not another or others; identical;
unchanged.
Thou art the same, and thy years shall have no end. Ps. cii. 27.
2. Of like kind, species, sort, dimensions, or the like; not differing
in character or in the quality or qualities compared; corresponding;
not discordant; similar; like.
The ethereal vigor is in all the same. Dryden.
3. Just mentioned, or just about to be mentioned.
What ye know, the same do I know. Job. xiii. 2.
Do but think how well the same he spends, Who spends his blood his
country to relieve. Daniel.
NOTE: &hand; Same is commonly preceded by the, this, or that and is
often used substantively as in the citations above. In a
comparative use it is followed by as or with.
Bees like the same odors as we do. Lubbock.
[He] held the same political opinions with his illustrious friend.
Macaulay.
Sameliness
Same"li*ness (?), n. Sameness, 2. [R.] Bayne.
Sameness
Same"ness, n.
1. The state of being the same, identity; abscence of difference; near
resemblance; correspondence; similarity; as, a sameness of person, of
manner, of sound, of appearance, and the like. "A sameness of the
terms." Bp. Horsley.
2. Hence, want of variety; tedious monotony. Syn. -- Identity;
identicalness; oneness.
Samette
Sa*mette" (?), n. See Samite. [Obs.]
Samian
Sa"mi*an (?), a. [L. Samius.] Of or pertaining to the island of Samos.
Fill high the cup with Samian wine. Byreon.
Samian earth, a species of clay from Samoa, formerly used in medicine
as an astringent.
Samian
Sa"mi*an, n. A native or inhabitant of Samos.
Samiel
Sa"mi*el (?; 277), n. [Turk. sam-yeli; Ar. samm poison + Turk. yel
wind. Cf. Simoom.] A hot and destructive wind that sometimes blows, in
Turkey, from the desert. It is identical with the simoom of Arabia and
the kamsin of Syria.
Samiot
Sa"mi*ot (?), a. & n. [Cf. F. samiote.] Samian.
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Page 1273
Samite
Sa"mite (?), a. [OF. samit, LL. samitum, examitum, from LGr. Six, and
cf. Dimity.] A species of silk stuff, or taffeta, generally interwoven
with gold. Tennyson.
In silken samite she was light arrayed. Spenser.
Samlet
Sam"let (?), n. [Cf. Salmonet.] The parr.
Sammier
Sam"mi*er (?), n. A machine for pressing the water from skins in
tanning. Knight.
Samoan
Sa*mo"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Samoan Islands (formerly
called Navigators' Islands) in the South Pacific Ocean, or their
inhabitants. -- n. An inhabitant of the Samoan Islands.
Samovar
Sa"mo*var (?), n. [Russ. samovar'.] A metal urn used in Russia for
making tea. It is filled with water, which is heated by charcoal
placed in a pipe, with chimney attached, which passes through the urn.
<-- Samoyed. 1. A breed of medium-sized sled dogs, originating in
Siberia, of white or cream color. 2. A Uralic language spoken by the
Samoyed people. -->
Samoyedes
Sam`oy*edes" (?), n. pl.; sing. Samoyede (. (Ethnol.) An ignorant and
degraded Turanian tribe which occupies a portion of Northern Russia
and a part of Siberia.<-- also Samoyeds. -->
Samp
Samp (?), n. [From American Indian s\'bepac, saupac, made soft, or
thinned.] An article of food consisting of maize broken or bruised,
which is cooked by by boiling, and usually eaten with milk; coarse
hominy.
Sampan
Sam"pan (?), n. (Naut.) A Chinese boat from twelve to fifteen feet
long, covered with a house, and sometimes used as a permanent
habitation on the inland waters. [Written also sanpan.]
Samphire
Sam"phire (? OR ?; 277), n. [F. l'herbe de Saint Pierre. See Saint,
and Petrel.] (Bot.) (a) A fleshy, suffrutescent, umbelliferous
European plant (Crithmum maritimum). It grows among rocks and on
cliffs along the seacoast, and is used for pickles.
Hangs one that gathers samphire, dreadful trade! Scak.
(b) The species of glasswort (Salicornia herbacea); -- called in
England marsh samphire. (c) A seashore shrub (Borrichia arborescens)
of the West Indies. Golden samphire. See under Golden.
Sample
Sam"ple (?), n. [OE. sample, asaumple, OF. essample, example, fr. L.
exemplum. See Example, and cf. Ensample, Sampler.]
1. Example; pattern. [Obs.] Spenser. "A sample to the youngest." Shak.
Thus he concludes, and every hardy knight His sample followed.
Fairfax.
2. A part of anything presented for inspection, or shown as evidence
of the quality of the whole; a specimen; as, goods are often purchased
by samples.
I design this but for a sample of what I hope more fully to
discuss. Woodward.
Syn. -- Specimen; example. See Specimen.
Sample
Sam"ple, v. t.
1. To make or show something similar to; to match. Bp. Hall.
2. To take or to test a sample or samples of; as, to sample sugar,
teas, wools, cloth.
Sampler
Sam"pler (?), n. [See Exampler, Exemplar.]
1. One who makes up samples for inspection; one who examines samples,
or by samples; as, a wool sampler.
2. A pattern; a specimen; especially, a collection of needlework
patterns, as letters, borders, etc., to be used as samples, or to
display the skill of the worker.
Susie dear, bring your sampler and Mrs. Schumann will show you how
to make that W you bothered over. E. E. Hale.
Samshoo, Samshu
Sam"shoo, Sam"shu (, n. [Chinese san-shao thrice fired.] A spirituous
liquor distilled by the Chinese from the yeasty liquor in which boiled
rice has fermented under pressure. S. W. Williams.
Samson
Sam"son (?), n. An Israelite of Bible record (see Judges xiii.),
distinguished for his great strength; hence, a man of extraordinary
physical strength. Samson post. (a) (Naut.) A strong post resting on
the keelson, and supporting a beam of the keelson, and supporting a
beam of the deck; also, a temporary or movable pilar carrying a
leading block or pulley for various purposes. Brande & C. (b) In
deepwell boring, the post which supports the walking beam of the
apparatus.
Sanability
San`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sanable;
sanableness; curableness.
Sanable
San"a*ble (?), a. [L. sanabilis, fr. sanare to heal, fr. sanus sound,
healthy. See Sane.] Capable of being healed or cured; susceptible of
remedy. Syn. -- Remediable; curable; healable.
Sanableness
San"a*ble*ness, n. The quality of being sanable.
Sanation
Sa*na"tion (?), n. [L. sanatio. See Sanable.] The act of healing or
curing. [Obs.] Wiseman.
Sanative
San"a*tive (?), a. [LL. sanativus.] Having the power to cure or heal;
healing; tending to heal; sanatory. -- San"a*tive*ness, n.
Sanatorium
San`a*to"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Sanatory.] An establishment for the
treatment of the sick; a resort for invalids. See Sanitarium.
Sanatory
San"a*to*ry (?), a. [LL. sanatorius, fr. L. sa to heal. See Sanable.]
Conducive to health; tending to cure; healing; curative; sanative.
Sanatory ordinances for the protection of public health, such as
quarantine, fever hospitals, draining, etc. De Quincey.
NOTE: &hand; Sa natory an d sa nitary sh ould no t be co nfounded.
Sanatory signifies conducive to health, while sanitary has the more
general meaning of pertaining to health.
Sanbenito
San`be*ni"to (?), n. [Sp. & Pg. sambenito, contr. from L. saccus sack
+ benedictus blessed.]
1. Anciently, a sackcloth coat worn by penitens on being reconciled to
the church.
2. A garnment or cap, or sometimes both, painted with flames, figures,
etc., and worn by persons who had been examined by the Inquisition and
were brought forth for punishment at the auto-da-f\'82.
Sance-bell, Sanctte bell
Sance"-bell" (?), Sanct"te bell" (?), n. See Sanctus bell, under
Sanctus.
Sanctificate
Sanc"ti*fi*cate (?), v. t. [L. sanctificatus, p.p. of sanctificare.]
To sanctify. [Obs.] Barrow.
Sanctification
Sanc`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. sanctificatio: cf. F. sanctification.]
1. The act of sanctifying or making holy; the being sanctified or made
holy; esp. (Theol.), the act of God's grace by which the affections of
men are purified, or alienated from sin and the world, and exalted to,
a supreme love to God; also, the state of being thus purified or
sanctified.
God hath from the baginning chosen you to salvation through
sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth. 2 Thess. ii.
13.
2. The act of consecrating, or of setting apart, for a sacred purpose;
consecration. Bp. Burnet.
Sanctified
Sanc"ti*fied (?), a. Made holy; also, made to have the air of
sanctity; sanctimonious.
Sanctifier
Sanc"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who sanctifies, or makes holy; specifically,
the Holy Spirit.
Sanctify
Sanc"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sanctified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sanctifying (?).] [F. sanctifier, L. sanctificare; sanctus holy +
-ficare (in comp.) to make. See Saint, and -fy.]
1. To make sacred or holy; to set apart to a holy or religious use; to
consecrate by appropriate rites; to hallow.
God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it. Gen. ii. 3.
Moses . . . sanctified Aaron and his garnment. Lev. viii. 30.
2. To make free from sin; to cleanse from moral corruption and
pollution; to purify.
Sanctify them through thy truth. John xvii. 17.
3. To make efficient as the means of holiness; to render productive of
holiness or piety.
A means which his mercy hath sanctified so to me as to make me
repent of that unjust act. Eikon Basilike.
4. To impart or impute sacredness, venerableness, inviolability, title
to reverence and respect, or the like, to; to secure from violation;
to give sanction to.
The holy man, amazed at what he saw, Made haste to sanctify the
bliss by law. Dryden.
Truth guards the poet, sanctifies the line. Pope.
Sanctifyingly
Sanc"ti*fy`ing*ly (?), adv. In a manner or degree tending to sanctify
or make holy.
Sanctiloquent
Sanc*til"o*quent (?), a. [L. sanctus holy + loquens, p. pr. of loqui
to speak.] Discoursing on heavenly or holy things, or in a holy
manner.
Sanctimonial
Sanc`ti*mo"ni*al (?), a. [Cf. LL. sanctimonialis. ] Sanctimonius.
[Obs.]
Sanctimonious
Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous (?), a. [See Sanctimony.]
1. Possessing sanctimony; holy; sacred; saintly. Shak.
2. Making a show of sanctity; affecting saintliness; hypocritically
devout or pious. "Like the sanctimonious pirate." Shak. --
Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. -- Sanc`ti*mo"ni*ous*ness, n.
Sanctimony
Sanc"ti*mo*ny (?), n. [L. sanctimonia, fr. sanctus holy: cf. OF.
sanctimonie. See Saint.] Holiness; devoutness; scrupulous austerity;
sanctity; especially, outward or artificial saintliness; assumed or
pretended holiness; hypocritical devoutness.
Her pretense is a pilgrimage; . . . which holy undertaking with
most austere sanctimony she accomplished. Shak.
Sanction
Sanc"tion (?), n. [L. sanctio, from sancire, samctum to render sacred
or inviolable, to fix unalternably: cf. F. sanction. See Saint.]
1. Solemn or ceremonious ratification; an official act of a superior
by which he ratifies and gives validity to the act of some other
person or body; establishment or furtherance of anything by authority
to it; confirmation; approbation.
The strictest professors of reason have added the sanction of their
testimony. I. Watts.
2. Anything done or said to enforce the will, law, or authority of
another; as, legal sanctions. Syn. -- Ratification; authorization;
authoruty; countenance; support.
Sanction
Sanc"tion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sanctioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sanctioning.] To give sanction to; to ratify; to confirm; to approve.
Would have counseled, or even sanctioned, such perilous
experiments. De Quincey.
Syn. -- To ratify; confirm; authorize; countenance.
Sanctionary
Sanc"tion*a*ry (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or giving, sanction.
Sanctitude
Sanc"ti*tude (?), a. [L. sanctitudo.] Holiness; sacredness; sanctity.
[R.] milton.
Sanctity
Sanc"ti*ty (?), n.; pl. Sanctities (#). [L. sanctitas, from sanctus
holy. See Saint.]
1. The state or quality of being sacred or holy; holiness;
saintliness; moral purity; godliness.
To sanctity she made no pretense, and, indeed, narrowly escaped the
imputation of irreligion. Macaulay.
2. Sacredness; solemnity; inviolability; religious binding force; as,
the sanctity of an oath.
3. A saint or holy being. [R.]
About him all the sanctities of heaven. Milton.
Syn. -- Holiness; godliness; piety; devotion; goodness; purity;
religiousness;sacredness; solemnity. See the Note under Religion.
Sanctuarize
Sanc"tu*a*rize (?), v. t. To shelter by means of a sanctuary or sacred
privileges. [Obs.] Shak.
Sanctuary
Sanc"tu*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Sanctuaries (#). [OE. seintuare, OF.
saintuaire, F. sanctuaire, fr. L. sanctuarium, from sanctus sacred,
holy. See Saint.] A sacred place; a consecrated spot; a holy and
inviolable site. Hence, specifically: (a) The most retired part of the
temple at Jerusalem, called the Holy of Holies, in which was kept the
ark of the covenant, and into which no person was permitted to enter
except the high priest, and he only once a year, to intercede for the
people; also, the most sacred part of the tabernacle; also, the temple
at Jerusalem. (b) (Arch.) The most sacred part of any religious
building, esp. that part of a Christian church in which the altar is
placed. (c) A house consecrated to the worship of God; a place where
divine service is performed; a church, temple, or other place of
worship. (d) A sacred and inviolable asylum; a place of refuge and
protection; shelter; refuge; protection.
These laws, whoever made them, bestowed on temples the privelege of
sanctuary. Milton
.
These admirable works of painting were made fuel for the fire; but
some relics of it took sanctuary under ground, and escaped the
common destiny. Dryden.
<-- Wildlife sanctuary, a tract of land set aside by law for the
preservation of wildlife, in which no hunting is permitted. -->
Sanctum
Sanc"tum (?), n. [L., p.p. of sanctire to consecrate.] A sacred place;
hence, a place of retreat; a room reserved for personal use; as, an
editor's sanctum. Sanctum sanctorum [L.] , the Holy of Holies; the
most holy place, as in the Jewish temple.
Sanctus
Sanc"tus (?), n. [L. sanctus, p.p. of sancire.]
1. (Eccl.) A part of the Mass, or, in Protestant churches, a part of
the communion service, of which the first words in Latin are Sanctus,
sanctus, sanctus [Holy, holy, holy]; -- called also Tersanctus.
2. (Mus.) An anthem composed for these words.
Sanctus bell, a small bell usually suspended in a bell cot at the apex
of the nave roof, over the chancel arch, in medi\'91val churches, but
a hand bell is now often used; -- so called because rung at the
singing of the sanctus, at the conclusion of the ordinary of the Mass,
and again at the elevation of the host. Called also Mass bell, sacring
bell, saints' bell, sance-bell, sancte bell.
Sand
Sand (?), n. [AS. sand; akin to D. zand, G. sand, OHG. sant, Icel.
sandr, Dan. & Sw. sand, Gr.
1. Fine particles of stone, esp. of siliceous stone, but not reduced
to dust; comminuted stone in the form of loose grains, which are not
coherent when wet.
That finer matter, called sand, is no other than very small
pebbles. Woodsward.
2. A single particle of such stone. [R.] Shak.
3. The sand in the hourglass; hence, a moment or interval of time; the
term or extent of one's life.
The sands are numbered that make up my life. Shak.
4. pl. Tracts of land consisting of sand, like the deserts of Arabia
and Africa; also, extensive tracts of sand exposed by the ebb of the
tide. "The Libyan sands." Milton. "The sands o'Dee." C. Kingsley.
5. Courage; pluck; grit. [Slang]
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1274
--
Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old World birds
belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and
pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga. They mostly
belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian species (P.
exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the painted sand
grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P. alchata) are
also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. -- Sand hill, a
hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the American
brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea;
an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. -- Sand lark.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of India. (b) A
small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the
common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel
(\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also red-necked plover. --
Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.),
a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.),
the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the coast rat. -- Sand
monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard (Monitor arenarius) which
inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov.
Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under Myrtle. -- Sand partridge
(Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus
Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species
(A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species (A.
Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge,
and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by putting sand of
different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike. (Zo\'94l.) (a)
The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand storm which
takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts
like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.), a tubular
cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring
especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand,
etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.), a small
british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; --
called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian well boring, a long,
slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the
well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock, a rock
made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.), the turnstone. --
Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of
any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of
a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand
collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod crustacean (Lepidactylis
arenarius), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and
America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an American shark (Odontaspis
littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; --
called also gray shark, and dogfish shark. See Illust. under Remora.
-- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Old World
lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as, the ocellated sand skink
(Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), a silverside. --
Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless
burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native of Southern Europe, Africa,
and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii, used by snake
charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus
Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.), the
sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid starfish living on
sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a cloud of sand
driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the sandnecker. -- Sand
swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under Bank. -- Sand tube, a
tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced
by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of
cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous
particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the
madreporic plate. -- Sand viper. (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand
wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects
belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig
burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or
spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for
her young.
Sand
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Sanding.]
1. To sprinkle or cover with sand.
2. To drive upon the sand. [Obs.] Burton.
3. To bury (oysters) beneath drifting sand or mud.
4. To mix with sand for purposes of fraud; as, to sand sugar.
[Colloq.] <-- 5. To grind down or make smooth by rubbing with an
abrasive object, esp. with sandpaper; to sand down -->
Sandal
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal (?), n. Same
as Sendal.
Sails of silk and ropes of sandal. Longfellow.
Sandal
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal, n.
Sandalwood. "Fans of sandal." Tennyson.
Sandal
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal, n. [F.
sandale, L. sandalium, Gr. sandal.] (a) A kind of shoe consisting of a
sole strapped to the foot; a protection for the foot, covering its
lower surface, but not its upper. (b) A kind of slipper. (c) An
overshoe with parallel openings across the instep.
Sandaled
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"daled (?), a.
1. Wearing sandals.
The measured footfalls of his sandaled feet. Longfellow.
2. Made like a sandal.
Sandaliform
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*dal"i*form (?),
a. [Sandal + -form.] (Bot.) Shaped like a sandal or slipper.
Sandalwood
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dal*wood (?), n.
[F. sandal, santal, fr. Ar. &cced;andal, or Gr. sa`ntalon; both
ultimately fr. Skr. candana. Cf. Sanders.] (Bot.) (a) The highly
perfumed yellowish heartwood of an East Indian and Polynesian tree
(Santalum album), and of several other trees of the same genus, as the
Hawaiian Santalum Freycinetianum and S. pyrularium, the Australian S.
latifolium, etc. The name is extended to several other kinds of
fragrant wood. (b) Any tree of the genus Santalum, or a tree which
yields sandalwood. (c) The red wood of a kind of buckthorn, used in
Russia for dyeing leather (Rhamnus Dahuricus). False sandalwood, the
fragrant wood of several trees not of the genus Santalum, as Ximenia
Americana, Myoporum tenuifolium of Tahiti. -- Red sandalwood, a heavy,
dark red dyewood, being the heartwood of two leguminous trees of India
(Pterocarpus santalinus, and Adenanthera pavonina); -- called also red
sanderswood, sanders or saunders, and rubywood.
Sandarach, Sandarac
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"da*rach,
San"da*rac, (, n. [L. sandaraca, Gr.
1. (Min.) Realgar; red sulphide of arsenic. [Archaic]
2. (Bot. Chem.) A white or yellow resin obtained from a Barbary tree
(Callitris quadrivalvis or Thuya articulata), and pulverized for
pounce; -- probably so called from a resemblance to the mineral.
Sandbagger
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"bag`ger (?), n.
An assaulter whose weapon is a sand bag. See Sand bag, under Sand.
Sand-blind
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"-blind" (?), a.
[For sam blind half blind; AS. s\'bem- half (akin to semi-) + blind.]
Having defective sight; dim-sighted; purblind. Shak.
Sanded
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"ed, a.
1. Covered or sprinkled with sand; sandy; barren. Thomson.
2. Marked with small spots; variegated with spots; speckled; of a
sandy color, as a hound. Shak.
3. Short-sighted. [Prov. Eng.]
Sandemanian
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`de*ma"ni*an (?),
n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Robert Sandeman, a Scotch sectary of
the eighteenth century. See Glassite.
Sandemanianism
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`de*ma"ni*an*ism
(?), n. The faith or system of the Sandemanians. A. Fuller.
Sanderling
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"der*ling (?), n.
[Sand + 0ling. So called because it obtains its food by searching the
moist sands of the seashore.] (Zo\'94l.) A small gray and brown
sandpiper (Calidris arenaria) very common on sandy beaches in America,
Europe, and Asia. Called also curwillet, sand lark, stint, and ruddy
plover.
Sanders
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"ders (?), n.
[See Sandal.] An old name of sandalwood, now applied only to the red
sandalwood. See under Sandalwood.
Sanders-blue
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"ders-blue" (?),
n. See Saundersblue.
Sandever
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"de*ver (?), n.
See Sandiver. [Obs.]
Sandfish
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"fish` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A small marine fish of the Pacific coast of North America
(Trichodon trichodon) which buries itself in the sand.
Sandglass
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"glass` (?), n.
An instrument for measuring time by the running of sand. See
Hourglass.
Sandhiller
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"hill`er (?), n.
A nickname given to any "poor white" living in the pine woods which
cover the sandy hills in Georgia and South Carolina. [U.S.]
Sandiness
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"i*ness (?), n.
The quality or state of being sandy, or of being of a sandy color.
Sandish
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"ish, a.
Approaching the nature of sand; loose; not compact. [Obs.] Evelyn.
Sandiver
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"di*ver (?), n.
[Perh. fr. OF. sa\'8bn grease, fat + de of + verre glass (cf. Saim),
or fr. F. sel de verre sandiver.] A whitish substance which is cast
up, as a scum, from the materials of glass in fusion, and, floating on
the top, is skimmed off; -- called also glass gall. [Formerly written
also sandever.]
Sandix
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dix (?), n. [L.
sandix, sandyx, vermilion, or a color like vermilion, Gr. A kind of
minium, or red lead, made by calcining carbonate of lead, but inferior
to true minium. [Written also sandyx.] [Obs.]
Sandman
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"man` (?), n. A
mythical person who makes children sleepy, so that they rub their eyes
as if there were sand in them.
Sandnecker
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"neck`er (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A European flounder (Hippoglossoides limandoides); --
called also rough dab, long fluke, sand fluke, and sand sucker.
Sandpaper
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pa`per (?), n.
Paper covered on one side with sand glued fast, -- used for smoothing
and polishing.
Sandpaper
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pa`per, v. t.
To smooth or polish with sandpaper; as, to sandpaper a door.
Sandpiper
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pi`per (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small limicoline game
birds belonging to Tringa, Actodromas, Ereunetes, and various allied
genera of the family Tringid\'91.
NOTE: &hand; Th e mo st im portant No rth Am erican species are the
pestoral sandpiper (Tringa maculata), called also browback, grass
snipe, and jacksnipe; the red-backed, or black-breasted, sandpiper,
or dunlin (T. alpina); the purple sandpiper (T.maritima: the
red-breasted sandpiper, or knot (T. canutus); the semipalmated
sandpiper (Ereunetes pusillus); the spotted sandpiper, or
teeter-tail (Actitis macularia); the buff-breasted sandpiper
(Tryngites subruficollis), and the Bartramian sandpiper, or upland
plover. See under Upland. Among the European species are the
dunlin, the knot, the ruff, the sanderling, and the common
sandpiper (Actitis, OR tringoides, hypoleucus), called also
fiddler, peeper, pleeps, weet-weet, and summer snipe. Some of the
small plovers and tattlers are also called sandpipers.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A small lamprey eel; the pride.
Curlew sandpiper. See under Curlew. -- Stilt sandpiper. See under
Stilt.
Sandpit
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"pit` (?), n. A
pit or excavation from which sand is or has been taken.
Sandre
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dre (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A Russian fish (Lucioperca sandre) which yields a valuable
oil, called sandre oil, used in the preparation of caviare.
Sandstone
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"stone` (?), n.
A rock made of sand more or less firmly united. Common or siliceous
sandstone consists mainly of quartz sand.
NOTE: &hand; Di fferent na mes ar e ap lied to the various kinds of
sandstone according to their composition; as, granitic,
argillaceous, micaceous, etc.
Flexible sandstone (Min.), the finer-grained variety of itacolumite,
which on account of the scales of mica in the lamination is quite
flexible. -- Red sandstone, a name given to two extensive series of
British rocks in which red sandstones predominate, one below, and the
other above, the coal measures. These were formerly known as the Old
and the New Red Sandstone respectively, and the former name is still
retained for the group preceding the Coal and referred to the Devonian
age, but the term New Red Sandstone is now little used, some of the
strata being regarded as Permian and the remained as Triassic. See the
Chart of Geology.
Sandwich
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"wich (?; 277),
n. [Named from the Earl of Sandwich.] Two pieces of bread and butter
with a thin slice of meat, cheese, or the like, between them. <-- 2.
Any food composed of two pieces of bread with another food in between.
3. Any object composed of two layers of one subtance on either side of
a second substance. -->
Sandwich
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"wich, v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Sandwiched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sandwiching.] To make
into a sandwich; also, figuratively, to insert between portions of
something dissimilar; to form of alternate parts or things, or
alternating layers of a different nature; to interlard.
Sandworm
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"worm` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of annelids which burrow in
the sand of the seashore. (b) Any species of annelids of the genus
Sabellaria. They construct firm tubes of agglutinated sand on rocks
and shells, and are sometimes destructive to oysters. (c) The chigoe,
a species of flea.
Sandwort
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"wort` (?), n.
(Bot.) Any plant of the genus Arenaria, low, tufted herbs (order
Caryophyllace\'91.) <-- "of" missing? -->
Sandy
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sand"y (?), a.
[Compar. Sandier (?); superl. Sandiest.] [AS. sandig.]
1. Consisting of, abounding with, or resembling, sand; full of sand;
covered or sprinkled with sand; as, a sandy desert, road, or soil.
2. Of the color of sand; of a light yellowish red color; as, sandy
hair.
Sandyx
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"dyx (?), n. [L.]
See Sandix.
Sane
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sane (?), a. [L.
sanus; cf. Gr. Sound, a.]
1. Being in a healthy condition; not deranged; acting rationally; --
said of the mind.
2. Mentally sound; possessing a rational mind; having the mental
faculties in such condition as to be able to anticipate and judge of
the effect of one's actions in an ordinary maner; -- said of persons.
Syn. -- Sound; healthy; underanged; unbroken.
Saneness
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sane"ness, n. The
state of being sane; sanity.
Sang
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sang (?), imp. of
Sing.
Sanga, Sangu
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"ga (?), San"gu
(?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Abyssinian ox (Bos OR Bibos, Africanus), noted
for the great length of its horns. It has a hump on its back.
Sangaree
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`ga*ree" (?), n.
[Sp. sangria, lit., bleeding, from sangre, blood, L. sanguis.] Wine
and water sweetened and spiced, -- a favorite West Indian drink.
Sang-froid
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> Sang`-froid" (?), n.
[F., cold blood.] Freedom from agitation or excitement of mind;
coolness in trying circumstances; indifference; calmness. Burke.
Sangiac
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gi*ac (?), n.
See Sanjak.
Sangraal, Sangreal
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`graal" (?),
San"gre*al (?), n. [See Saint, and Grail.] See Holy Grail, under
Grail.
Sanguiferous
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*guif"er*ous (?),
a. [L. sanguis blood + -ferous.] (Physiol.) Conveying blood; as,
sanguiferous vessels, i. e., the arteries, veins, capillaries.
Sanguification
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`gui*fi*ca"tion
(?), n. [Cf. F. sanguification. See Sanguify.] (Physiol.) The
production of blood; the conversion of the products of digestion into
blood; hematosis.
Sanguifier
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*fi`er (?),
n. A producer of blood.
Sanguifluous
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*guif"lu*ous (?),
a. [L. sanguis blood + fluere to flow.] Flowing or running with blood.
Sanguify
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*fy (?), v.
t. [L. sanguis blood + -fy: cf. F. sanguifier.] To produce blood from.
Sanguigenous
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San*guig"e*nous (?),
a. [L. sanguis + -genous.] Producing blood; as, sanguigenous food.
Sanguinaceous
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`gui*na"ceous
(?), n. Of a blood-red color; sanguine.
Sanguinaria
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San`gui*na"ri*a (?),
n. [NL. See Sanguinary, a. & n.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Poppy family.
NOTE: &hand; Sa nguinaria Ca nadensis, or bl oodroot, is the only
species. It has a perennial rootstock, which sends up a few
roundish lobed leaves and solitary white blossoms in early spring.
See Bloodroot.
2. The rootstock of the bloodroot, used in medicine as an emetic, etc.
Sanguinarily
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ri*ly
(?), adv. In a sanguinary manner.
Sanguinariness
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ri*ness,
n. The quality or state of being sanguinary.
Sanguinary
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ry (?),
a. [L. sanguinarius, fr. sanguis blood: cf. F.sanguinaire.]
1. Attended with much bloodshed; bloody; murderous; as, a sanguinary
war, contest, or battle.
We may not propagate religion by wars, or by sanguinary
persecutions to force consciences. Bacon.
2. Bloodthirsty; cruel; eager to shed blood.
Passion . . . makes us brutal and sanguinary. Broome.
Sanguinary
Sand badger (Zo\'94l.), the Japanese badger (Meles ankuma). -- Sand
bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as
in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand,
used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball, soap mixed with sand, made
into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath. (a) (Chem.) A vessel
of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated
are partially immersed. (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in
hot sand. -- Sand bed, a thick layer of sand, whether deposited
naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into
which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. --
Sand birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for numerous species of
limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many
others; -- called also shore birds. -- Sand blast, a process of
engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand
against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in
the process. -- Sand box. (a) A box with a perforated top or cover,
for sprinkling paper with sand. (b) A box carried on locomotives, from
which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent
slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.), a tropical American tree (Hura
crepitans). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which,
when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds.
See Illust. of Regma. -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.), an American anomuran
crustacean (Hippa talpoidea) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is
often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust. under Anomura. -- Sand
canal (Zo\'94l.), a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and
connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It
appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.), the
redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer,
below. -- Sand crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab. (b) A land crab, or
ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.), a crack extending downward from the
coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness.
-- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large
terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera,
native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk
(Zo\'94l.), any ophidiod fish. See Illust. under Ophidiod. -- Sand dab
(Zo\'94l.), a small American flounder (Limanda ferruginea); -- called
also rusty dab. The name is also applied locally to other allied
species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.), a small etheostomoid fish of the
Ohio valley (Ammocrypta pellucida). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.), any one
of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on
sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast.
-- Sand drift, drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand.
-- Sand eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce. (b) A slender Pacific
Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus, having barbels about the mouth.
-- Sand flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy
places, especially the common dog flea. (b) the chigoe. (c) Any
leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian. See Beach
flea, under Beach. -- Sand flood, a vast body of sand borne along by
the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker.
(b) The European smooth dab (Pleuronectes microcephalus); -- called
also kitt, marysole, smear dab, town dab. -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium,
abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United
States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits.
Called also no-see-um, punky, and midge. -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand
pipe, below. -- Sand grass (Bot.), any species of grass which grows in
sand; especially, a tufted grass (Triplasis purpurea) with numerous
bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic
coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of Old
World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both
grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse, rock pigeon, and ganga.
They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles, as the common Indian
species (P. exustus). The large sand grouse (P. arenarius), the
painted sand grouse (P. fasciatus), and the pintail sand grouse (P.
alchata) are also found in India. See Illust. under Pterocletes. --
Sand hill, a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.), the
American brown crane (Grus Mexicana). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.), a
beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.), a sand wasp. --
Sand lark. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark (Alaudala raytal), native of
India. (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the
sanderling, and the common European sandpiper. (c) The Australian
red-capped dotterel (\'92gialophilus ruficapillus); -- called also
red-necked plover. -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.), a lant, or launce. --
Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.), a common European lizard (Lacerta agilis). --
Sand martin (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.), the
coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.), a large Egyptian lizard
(Monitor arenarius) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse
(Zo\'94l.), the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle. (Bot.) See under
Myrtle. -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.), either of two small Asiatic
partridges of the genus Ammoperdix. The wings are long and the tarsus
is spurless. One species (A. Heeji) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The
other species (A. Bonhami), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also
seesee partridge, and teehoo. -- Sand picture, a picture made by
putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger. (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar, a sand
storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in
desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe
(Geol.), a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept,
occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with
gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall. -- Sand pride
(Zo\'94l.), a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of
larger species; -- called also sand prey. -- Sand pump, in artesian
well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for
raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.), the pocket gopher.
-- Sand rock, a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.),
the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.), the mass of egg capsules, or
o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera.
It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand;
-- called also sand collar. -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.), an amphipod
crustacean (Lepidactylis arenarius), which burrows in the sandy
seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.), an
American shark (Odontaspis littoralis) found on the sandy coasts of
the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark, and dogfish
shark. See Illust. under Remora. -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps; as,
the ocellated sand skink (Seps ocellatus) of Southern Europe. -- Sand
skipper (Zo\'94l.), a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt
(Zo\'94l.), a silverside. -- Sand snake. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx, native
of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India
and E. Johnii, used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African
snake of the genus Psammophis, especially P. sibilans. -- Sand snipe
(Zo\'94l.), the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.), an ophiurioid
starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm, a
cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker, the
sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.), the bank swallow. See under
Bank. -- Sand tube, a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of
vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand. (c) (Zo\'94l.) In
starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which
connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper.
(Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake. -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families
Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91, which dig burrows in sand. The female
provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by
stinging, and which serve as food for her young.> San"gui*na*ry, n.
[L. herba sanguinaria an herb that stanches blood: cf. F. sanguinaire.
See Sanguinary, a.] (Bot.) (a) The yarrow. (b) The Sanguinaria.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1275
Sanguine
San"guine (?), a. [F. sanguin, L. sanguineus, fr. sanguis blood. Cf.
Sanguineous.]
1. Having the color of blood; red.
Of his complexion he was sanguine. Chaucer.
Like to that sanguine flower inscribed with woe. Milton.
2. Characterized by abundance and active circulation of blood; as, a
sanguine bodily temperament.
3. Warm; ardent; as, a sanguine temper.
4. Anticipating the best; not desponding; confident; full of hope; as,
sanguine of success. Syn. -- Warm; ardent; lively; confident; hopeful.
Sanguine
San"guine, n.
1. Blood color; red. Spenser.
2. Anything of a blood-red, as cloth. [Obs.]
In sanguine and in pes he clad was all. Chaucer.
3. (Min.) Bloodstone.
4. Red crayon. See the Note under Crayon, 1.
Sanguine
San"guine, v. t. To stain with blood; to impart the color of blood to;
to ensanguine.
Sanguineless
San"guine*less, a. Destitute of blood; pale. [R.]
Sanguine
San"guine, adv. In a sanguine manner.
I can not speculate quite so sanguinely as he does. Burke.
Sanguineness
San"guine*ness, n. The quality of being sanguine.
Sanguineous
San*guin"e*ous (?), a. [L. sanguineus. See Sanguine.]
1. Abounding with blood; sanguine.
2. Of or pertaining to blood; bloody; constituting blood. Sir T.
Browne.
3. Blood-red; crimson. Keats.
sanguinity
san*guin"i*ty, n. The quality of being sanguine; sanguineness. Swift.
Sanguinivorous
San"gui*niv"o*rous (?), a. [L. sanguis + vorare to devour.] Subsisting
on blood.
Sanguinolency
San*guin"o*len*cy (?), n. The state of being sanguinolent, or bloody.
Sanguinolent
San*guin"o*lent (?), a. [L. sanguinolentus, from sanguis blood: cf. F.
sanguinolent.] Tinged or mingled with blood; bloody; as, sanguinolent
sputa.
Sanguisuge
San"gui*suge (?), n. [L. sanguisuga; sanguis blood + sugere to suck.]
(Zo\'94l.) A bloodsucker, or leech.
Sanguivorous
San*guiv"o*rous (?), a. [L. sanguis blood + vorare to devour.]
(Zo\'94l.) Subsisting upon blood; -- said of certain blood-sucking
bats and other animals. See Vampire.
Sanhedrin, Sanhedrim
San"he*drin (?), San"he*drim (?), n. [Heb. sanhedr\'c6n, fr. Gr. Sit.]
(Jewish Antiq.) the great council of the Jews, which consisted of
seventy members, to whom the high priest was added. It had
jurisdiction of religious matters.
Sanhedrist
San"he*drist (?), n. A member of the sanhedrin. Schaeffer (Lange's
Com. ).
Sanhita
San"hi*ta (?), n. [Skr. samhita, properly, combination.] A collection
of vedic hymns, songs, or verses, forming the first part of each Veda.
Sanicle
San"i*cle (?), n. [F., from L. sanare to heal.] (Bot.) Any plant of
the umbelliferous genus Sanicula, reputed to have healing powers.
Sanidine
San"i*dine (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A variety of orthoclase feldspar common
in certain eruptive rocks, as trachyte; -- called also glassy
feldspar.
Sanies
Sa"ni*es (?), n. [L.] (Med.) A thin, serous fluid commonly discharged
from ulcers or foul wounds.
Sanious
Sa"ni*ous (?), a. [L. sanious, fr. sanies: cf. F. sanieux.]
1. (Med.) pertaining to sanies, or partaking of its nature and
appearance; thin and serous, with a slight bloody tinge; as, the
sanious matter of an ulcer.
2. (med.) Discharging sanies; as, a sanious ulcer.
Sanitarian
San`i*ta"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to health, or the laws of
health; sanitary.
Sanitarian
San`i*ta"ri*an, n. An advocate of sanitary measures; one especially
interested or versed in sanitary measures.
Sanitarist
San"i*ta*rist (?), n. A sanitarian.
Sanitarium
San`i*ta"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Sanitary.] A health station or
retreat; a sanatorium. "A sanitarium for troops." L. Oliphant.
Sanitary
San"i*ta*ry (?), a. [L. sanitas health: cf. F. sanitaire. See Sanity.]
Of or pertaining to health; designed to secure or preserve health;
relating to the preservation or restoration of health; hygienic; as,
sanitary regulations. See the Note under Sanatory. Sanitary
Commission. See under Commission. <-- sanitary napkin, an absorbant
pad worn to absorb the menstrual flow of women. -->
Sanitation
San`i*ta"tion (?), n. The act of rendering sanitary; the science of
sanitary conditions; the preservation of health; the use of sanitary
measures; hygiene.
How much sanitation has advanced during the last half century. H.
Hartshorne.
Sanity
San"i*ty (?), n. [L. saniras, from sanus sound, healthy. See Sane.]
The condition or quality of being sane; soundness of health of body or
mind, especially of the mind; saneness.
Sanjak
San"jak (?), n. [Turk. sanj\'beg.] A district or a subvision of a
vilayet. [Turkey]
Sank
Sank (?), imp. of Sink.
Sankha
Sank"ha (?), n. [Skr. &cced;ankha a shell.] A chank shell (Turbinella
pyrum); also, a shell bracelet or necklace made in India from the
chank shell.
Sankhya
Sankh"ya (?), n. A Hindoo system of philosophy which refers all things
to soul and a rootless germ called prakriti, consisting of three
elements, goodness, passion, and darkness. Whitworth.
Sannop
San"nop (s&acr;n"n&ocr;p), n. same as Sannup. Bancroft.
Sannup
San"nup (-n&ucr;p), n. A male Indian; a brave; -- correlative of
squaw.
Sanny
San"ny (?), n. The sandpiper. [prov. Eng.]
Sans
Sans (s&aum;n; E. s&acr;nz), prep. [F., from L. sine without.]
Without; deprived or destitute of. Rarely used as an English word.
"Sans fail." Chaucer.
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. Shak.
Sanscrit
San"scrit (?), n. See Sanskrit.
Sans-culotte
Sans`-cu`lotte" (F. ?; E. , n. [F., without breeches.]
1. A fellow without breeches; a ragged fellow; -- a name of reproach
given in the first French revolution to the extreme republican party,
who rejected breeches as an emblem peculiar to the upper classes or
aristocracy, and adopted pantaloons.
2. Hence, an extreme or radical republican; a violent revolutionist; a
Jacobin.
Sans-culottic
Sans`-cu*lot"tic (?), a. pertaining to, or involving, sans-culottism;
radical; revolutionary; Jacobinical. Carlyle.
Sans-culottism
Sans`-cu*lot"tism (?), n. [F. sans-culottisme.] Extreme republican
principles; the principles or practice of the sans-culottes.
Sanskrit
San"skrit (?), n. [Skr. Samsk&rsdot;ta the Sanskrit language,
literally, the perfect, polished, or classical language, fr.
samsk&rsdot;ta prepared, wrought, made,excellent, perfect; sam
together (akin to E. same) + k&rsdot;ta made. See Same, Create.]
[Written also Sanscrit.] The ancient language of the Hindoos, long
since obsolete in vernacular use, but preserved to the present day as
the literary and sacred dialect of India. It is nearly allied to the
Persian, and to the principal languages of Europe, classical and
modern, and by its more perfect preservation of the roots and forms of
the primitive language from which they are all descended, is a most
important assistance in determining their history and relations. Cf.
Prakrit, and Veda.
Sanskrit
San"skrit, a. Of or pertaining to Sanskrit; written in Sanskrit; as, a
Sanskrit dictionary or inscription.
Sanskritic
San*skrit"ic (?), a. Sanskrit.
Sanskritist
San"skrit*ist, n. One versed in Sanskrit.
Sans-souci
Sans`-sou`ci (?), adv. [F.] Without care; free and easy.
Santal
San"tal (?), n. [Santalum + piperonal.] (Chem.) A colorless
crystalline substance, isomeric with piperonal, but having weak acid
properties. It is extracted from sandalwood.
Santalaceous
San`ta*la"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of
plants (Santalace\'91), of which the genus Santalum is the type, and
which includes the buffalo nut and a few other North American plants,
and many peculiar plants of the southern hemisphere.
Santalic
San*tal"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from,
sandalwood (Santalum); -- used specifically to designate an acid
obtained as a resinous or red crystalline dyestuff, which is called
also santalin.
Santalin
San"ta*lin (?), n. [Cf. F. santaline.] (Chem.) Santalic acid. See
Santalic.
Santalum
San"ta*lum (?), n. [NL. See Sandalwood.] (Bot.) A genus of trees with
entire opposite leaves and small apetalous flowers. There are less
than a dozen species, occuring from India to Australia and the Pacific
Islands. See Sandalwood.
Santees
San`tees" (?), n. pl.; sing. Santee (. (Ethnol.) One of the seven
confederated tribes of Indians belonging to the Sioux, or Dakotas.
Santer
San"ter (?), v. i. See Saunter.
Santon
San"ton (?), n. [Sp. santon, augment fr. santo holy, L. sanctus.] A
Turkish saint; a kind of dervish, regarded by the people as a saint:
also, a hermit.
Santonate
San"to*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of santonic acid.
Santonic
San*ton"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid
(distinct from santoninic acid) obtained from santonin as a white
crystalline substance.
Santonin
San"to*nin (?), n. [L. herba santonica, a kind of plant, fr. Santoni a
people of Aquitania; cf. Gr. santonine.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
substance having a bitter taste, extracted from the buds of levant
wormseed and used as an anthelmintic. It occassions a peculiar
temporary color blindness, causing objects to appear as if seen
through a yellow glass.
Santoninate
San"to*nin`ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of santoninic acid.
Santoninic
San`to*nin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to santonin; -- used
specifically to designate an acid not known in the free state, but
obtained in its salts.
Sao
Sa"o (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine annelid of the genus Hyalin\'91cia,
especially H. tubicola of Europe, which inhabits a transparent movable
tube resembling a quill in color and texture.
Sap
Sap (?), n. [AS. s\'91p; akin to OHG. saf, G. saft, Icel. safi; of
uncertain origin; possibly akin to L. sapere to taste, to be wise,
sapa must or new wine boiled thick. Cf. Sapid, Sapient.]
1. The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and
descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.
NOTE: &hand; Th e as cending is the crude sap, the assimilation of
which takes place in the leaves, when it becomes the elaborated sap
suited to the growth of the plant.
2. The sapwood, or alburnum, of a tree.
3. A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop. [Slang]
Sap ball (Bot.), any large fungus of the genus Polyporus. See
Polyporus. -- Sap green, a dull light green pigment prepared from the
juice of the ripe berries of the Rhamnus catharticus, or buckthorn. It
is used especially by water-color artists. -- Sap rot, the dry rot.
See under Dry. -- Sap sucker (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of
small American woodpeckers of the genus Sphyrapicus, especially the
yellow-bellied woodpecker (S. varius) of the Eastern United States.
They are so named because they puncture the bark of trees and feed
upon the sap. The name is loosely applied to other woodpeckers. -- Sap
tube (Bot.), a vessel that conveys sap.
Sap
Sap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sapping.] [F.
saper (cf. Sp. zapar, It. zapare), fr. sape a sort of scythe, LL.
sappa a sort of mattock.]
1. To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to
destroy the foundation of.
Nor safe their dwellings were, for sapped by floods, Their houses
fell upon their household gods. Dryden.
2. (Mil.) To pierce with saps.
3. To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.
Ring out the grief that saps the mind. Tennyson.
Sap
Sap (?), v. i. To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to
execute saps. W. P. Craighill.
Both assaults carried on by sapping. Tatler.
Sap
Sap, n. (Mil.) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost
parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by
digging under cover of gabions, etc. Sap fagot (Mil.), a fascine about
three feet long, used in sapping, to close the crevices between the
gabions before the parapet is made. -- Sap roller (Mil.), a large
gabion, six or seven feet long, filled with fascines, which the sapper
sometimes rolls along before him for protection from the fire of an
enemy.
Sapadillo
Sap`a*dil"lo (?), n. See Sapodila.
Sapajo
Sap"a*jo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sapajou.
Sapajou
Sap"a*jou (?), n. [F. sapajou, sajou, Braz. sajuassu.] (Zo\'94l.) Any
one of several species of South American monkeys of the genus Cebus,
having long and prehensile tails. Some of the species are called also
capuchins. The bonnet sapajou (C. subcristatus), the golden-handed
sapajou (C. chrysopus), and the white-throated sapajou (C. hypoleucus)
are well known species. See Capuchin.
Sapan wood
Sa*pan" wood (?). [Malay sapang.] (Bot.) A dyewood yielded by
C\'91salpinia Sappan, a thorny leguminous tree of Southern Asia and
the neighboring islands. It is the original Brazil wood. [Written also
sappan wood.]
Sapful
Sap"ful (?), a. Abounding in sap; sappy.
Saphead
Sap"head` (?), n. A weak-minded, stupid fellow; a milksop. [Low]
Saphenous
Sa*phe"nous (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) (a) Manifest; -- applied to the two
principal superficial veins of the lower limb of man. (b) Of,
pertaining to, or in the region of, the saphenous veins; as, the
saphenous nerves; the saphenous opening, an opening in the broad
fascia of the thigh through which the internal saphenous vein passes.
Sapid
Sap"id (?), a. [L. sapidus, fr. sapere to taste: cf. F. sapide. See
Sapient, Savor.] Having the power of affecting the organs of taste;
possessing savor, or flavor.
Camels, to make the water sapid, do raise the mud with their feet.
Sir T. Browne.
Sapidity
Sa*pid"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. sapidit\'82.] The quality or state of
being sapid; taste; savor; savoriness.
Whether one kind of sapidity is more effective than another. M. S.
Lamson.
Sapidness
Sap"id*ness, n. Quality of being sapid; sapidity.
When the Israelites fancied the sapidness and relish of the
fleshpots, they longed to taste and to return. Jer. Taylor.
Sapience
Sa"pi*ence (?), n. [L. sapientia: cf. F. sapience. See Sapient..] The
quality of being sapient; wisdom; sageness; knowledge. Cowper.
Woman, if I might sit beside your feet, And glean your scattered
sapience. Tennyson.
Sapient
Sa"pi*ent (?), a. [L. sapiens, -entis, p.pr. of sapere to taste to
have sense, to know. See Sage, a.] Wise; sage; discerning; -- often in
irony or contempt.
Where the sapient king Held dalliance with his fair Egyptian
spouse. Milton.
Syn. -- Sage; sagacious; knowing; wise; discerning.
Sapiential
Sa`pi*en"tial (?), a. [L. sapientialis.] Having or affording wisdom.
-- Sa`pi*en"tial*ly, adv.
The sapiential books of the Old [Testament]. Jer. Taylor.
Sapientious
Sa`pi*en"tious (?), a. Sapiential. [Obs.]
Sapientize
Sa"pi*ent*ize, v. t. To make sapient. [R.] Coleridge.
Sapiently
Sa"pi*ent*ly (?), adv. In a sapient manner.
Sapindaceous
Sap`in*da"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to an order of trees
and shrubs (Sapindace\'91), including the (Typical) genus Sapindus,
the maples, the margosa, and about seventy other genera.
Sapindus
Sa*pin"dus (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sapo soap + Indicus Indian.] (Bot.) A
genus of tropical and subtropical trees with pinnate leaves and
panicled flowers. The fruits of some species are used instead of soap,
and their round black seeds are made into necklaces.
Sapless
Sap"less (?), a.
1. Destitute of sap; not juicy.
2. Fig.: Dry, old; husky; withered; spiritless. "A somewhat sapless
womanhood." Lowell.
Now sapless on the verge of death he stands. Dryden.
sapling
sap"ling (?), n. A young tree. Shak.
Sapodilla
Sap`o*dil"la (?), n. [Sp. zapote, sapotillo, zapotillo, Mexican
cochit-zapotl. Cf. Sapota.] (Bot.) A tall, evergeen, tropical American
tree (Achras Sapota); also, its edible fruit, the sapodilla plum.
[Written also sapadillo, sappadilo, sappodilla, and zapotilla.]
Sapodilla plum (Bot.), the fruit of Achras Sapota. It is about the
size of an ordinary quince, having a rough, brittle, dull brown rind,
the flesh being of a dirty yellowish white color, very soft, and
deliciously sweet. Called also naseberry. It is eatable only when it
begins to be spotted, and is much used in desserts.
Sapogenin
Sa*pog"e*nin (?), n. [Saponin + -gen + in.] (Chem.) A white
crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of saponin.
Saponaceous
Sap`o*na"ceous (?), a. [L. sapo, -onis, soap, of Teutonic origin, and
akin to E. soap. See Soap.] Resembling soap; having the qualities of
soap; soapy.
NOTE: &hand; Sa ponaceous bo dies ar e co mpounds of an acid and a
base, and are in reality a kind of salt.
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Saponacity
Sap`o*nac"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being saponaceous.
Saponary
Sap"o*na*ry (?), a. Saponaceous. Boyle.
Saponifiable
Sa*pon*i*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of conversion into soap; as, a
saponifiable substance.
Saponification
Sa*pon`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. saponification. See Saponify.] The
act, process, or result, of soap making; conversion into soap;
specifically (Chem.), the decomposition of fats and other ethereal
salts by alkalies; as, the saponification of ethyl acetate.<--
"ethereal salt" = ester -->
Saponifier
Sa*pon"i*fi`er (?), n. (Chem.) That which saponifies; any reagent used
to cause saponification.
Saponify
Sa*pon"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saponified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Saponifying (?).] [L. sapo, -onis, soap + -fy: cf. F. saponifier.] To
convert into soap, as tallow or any fat; hence (Chem.), to subject to
any similar process, as that which ethereal salts undergo in
decomposition; as, to saponify ethyl acetate.
Saponin
Sap"o*nin (?), n. [L. sapo, -onis soap: cf. F. saponine.] (Chem.) A
poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort
(Saponaria), in the bark of soap bark (Quillaia), etc. It is extracted
as a white amorphus powder, which occasions a soapy lather in
solution, and produces a local an\'91stesia. Formerly called also
struthiin, quilaiin, senegin, polygalic acid, etc. By extension, any
one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.
Saponite
Sap"o*nite (?), n. [Sw. saponit, fr. L. sapo, -onis, soap.] (Min.) A
hydrous silicate of magnesia and aluminia. It occurs in soft, soapy,
amorphous masses, filling veins in serpentine and cavities in trap
rock.
Saponul
Sap"o*nul (?), n. [F. saponule, fr. L. sapo, -onis, soap.] (Old Chem.)
A soapy mixture obtained by treating an essential oil with an alkali;
hence, any similar compound of an essential oil. [Written also
saponule.] [Obs.]
Sapor
Sa"por (?), n. [L. See Savor.] Power of affecting the organs of taste;
savor; flavor; taste.
There is some sapor in all aliments. Sir T. Browne.
Saporific
Sap`o*rif"ic (?), a. [L. sapor taste + facere to make.] Having the
power to produce the sensation of taste; producing taste, flavor, or
relish.
Saporosity
Sap`o*ros"i*ty (?), n. The quality of a body by which it excites the
sensation of taste.
Saporous
Sap"o*rous (?), a. [L. saporius that relishes well, savory, fr. sapor
taste.] Having flavor or taste; yielding a taste. [R.] Bailey.
Sapota
Sa*po"ta (?), n. [NL., from Sp. sapote, zapote. See Sapodilla.] (Bot.)
The sapodilla.
Sapotaceous
Sap`o*ta"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order
(Sapotace\'91) of (mostly tropical) trees and shrubs, including the
star apple, the Lucuma, or natural marmalade tree, the gutta-percha
tree (Isonandra), and the India mahwa, as well as the sapodilla, or
sapota, after which the order is named.
Sappan wood
Sap*pan" wood" (?). Sapan wood.
Sappare
Sap"pare (?), n. [F. sappare; -- so called by Saussure.] (Min.)
Kyanite. [Written also sappar.]
Sapper
Sap"per (?), n. [Cf. F. sapeur.] One who saps; specifically (Mil.),
one who is employed in working at saps, building and repairing
fortifications, and the like.
Sapphic
Sap"phic (?), a. [L. Sapphicus, Gr.
1. Of or pertaining to Sappho, the Grecian poetess; as, Sapphic odes;
Sapphic verse.
2. (Pros.) Belonging to, or in the manner of, Sappho; -- said of a
certain kind of verse reputed to have been invented by Sappho,
consisting of five feet, of which the first, fourth, and fifth are
trochees, the second is a spondee, and the third a dactyl.
Sapphic
Sap"phic, n. (Pros.) A Sapphic verse.
Sapphire
Sap"phire (? OR ?; 277), n. [OE. saphir, F. saphir, L. sapphirus, Gr.
sapp\'c6r.]
1. (Min.) Native alumina or aluminium sesquioxide, Al2O3; corundum;
esp., the blue transparent variety of corundum, highly prized as a
gem.
of rubies, sapphires, and of pearl\'82s white. Chaucer.
NOTE: &hand; Sa pphire oc curs in he xagonal cr ystals and also in
granular and massive forms. The name sapphire is usually restricted
to the blue crystals, while the bright red crystals are called
Oriental rubies (see under Ruby), the amethystine variety Oriental
amethyst (see under Amethyst), and the dull massive varieties
corundum (a name which is also used as a general term to include
all varieties). See Corundum.
2. The color of the gem; bright blue.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any humming bird of the genus Hylocharis, native of
South America. The throat and breast are usually bright blue.
Star sapphire, OR Asteriated sapphire (Min.), a kind of sapphire which
exhibits asterism.
Sapphire
Sap"phire, a. Of or resembling sapphire; sapphire; blue. "The sapphire
blaze." Gray.
Sapphirine
Sap"phir*ine (?), n. Resembling sapphire; made of sapphire; having the
color, or any quality of sapphire. "Sapphirine degree of hardness."
Boyle.
Sappho
Sap"pho (?), n. [See Sapphic.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species
of brilliant South American humming birds of the genus Sappho, having
very bright-colored and deeply forked tails; -- called also firetail.
Sappiness
Sap"pi*ness (?), n. The quality of being sappy; juiciness.
Sappodilla
Sap`po*dil"la (?), n. (Bot.) See Sapodilla.
Sappy
Sap"py (?), a. [Compar. Sappier (?); superl. Sappiest.] [From 1st
Sap.]
1. Abounding with sap; full of sap; juisy; succulent.
2. Hence, young, not firm; weak, feeble.
When he had passed this weak and sapy age. Hayward.
3. Weak in intellect. [Low]
4. (Bot.) Abounding in sap; resembling, or consisting lagerly of,
sapwood.
Sappy
Sap"py (?), a. [Written also sapy.] [Cf. L. sapere to taste.] Musty;
tainted. [Obs.]
Saprophagan
Sa*proph"a*gan (?), n. [Gr. saprophage.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of
beetles which feed upon dacaying animal and vegetable substances; a
carrion beetle.
Saprophagous
Sa*proph"a*gous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Feeding on carrion.
Saprophyte
Sap"ro*phyte (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) Any plant growing on dacayed animal
or vegetable matter, as most fungi and some flowering plants with no
green color, as the Indian pipe.
Saprophytic
Sap`ro*phyt"ic (?), a. Feeding or growing upon decaying anomal or
vegetable matter; pertaining to a saprophyte or the saprophytes.
Sapsago
Sap"sa*go (?), n. [G. schabzieger; schaben to shave, to scrape +
zieger a sort of hey.] A kind of Swiss cheese, of a greenish color,
flavored with melilot.
Sapskull
Sap"skull` (?), n. A saphead. [Low]
Sapucaia
Sap`u*ca"ia (?; Pg. , n. [Pg. sapucaya.] (Bot.) A Brazilian tree. See
Lecythis, and Monkey-pot. [Written also sapucaya.] Sapucaia nut
(Bot.), the seed of the sapucaia; -- called also paradise nut.
Sapwood
Sap"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The alburnum, or part of the wood on any
exogenous tree next to the bark, being that portion of the tree
through which the sap flows most freely; -- distinguished from
Heartwood.
Sarabate
Sar"a*ba*te (?), n. [LL. Saraba\'8btae, pl.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of
certain vagrant or heretical Oriental monks in the early church.
Saraband
Sar"a*band (?), n. [F. sarabande, Sp. zarabanda, fr. Per. serbend a
song.] A slow Spanish dance of Saracenic origin, to an air in triple
time; also, the air itself.
She has brought us the newest saraband from the court of Queen Mab.
Sir W. Scott.
Saracen
Sar"a*cen (?), n. [l. Saracenus perhaps fr. Ar. sharqi, pl.
sharqi\'c6n, Oriental Eastern, fr. sharaga to rise, said of the sun:
cf. F. sarrasin. Cf. Sarcenet, Sarrasin, Sirocco.] Anciently, an Arab;
later, a Mussulman; in the Middle Ages, the common term among
Christians in Europe for a Mohammedan hostile to the crusaders.
Saracen's consound (Bot.), a kind of ragewort (Senecio Saracenicus),
anciently used to heal wounds.
Saracenic, Saracenical
Sar`a*cen"ic (?), Sar`a*cen"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the
Saracens; as, Saracenic architecture. "Saracenic music." Sir W. Scott.
Sarasin
Sar"a*sin (?), n. (Arch.) See Sarrasin.
Saraswati
Sa`ras*wa"ti (?), n. [Skr. Sarasvat\'c6.] (Hind. Myth.) The sakti or
wife of Brahma; the Hindoo goddess of learning, music, and poetry.
Sarcasm
Sar"casm (?), n. [F. sarcasme, L. sarcasmu, Gr. A keen, reproachful
expression; a satirical remark uttered with some degree of scorn or
contempt; a taunt; a gibe; a cutting jest.
The sarcasms of those critics who imagine our art to be a matter of
inspiration. Sir J. Reynolds.
Syn. -- Satire; irony; ridicule; taunt; gibe.
Sarcasmous
Sar*cas"mous (?), a. Sarcastic. [Obs.] "Sarcasmous scandal." Hubidras.
Sarcastic, Sarcastical
Sar*cas"tic (?), Sar*cas"tic*al (?), a. Expressing, or expressed by,
sarcasm; characterized by, or of the nature of, sarcasm; given to the
use of sarcasm; bitterly satirical; scornfully severe; taunting.
What a fierce and sarcastic reprehension would this have drawn from
the friendship of the world! South.
Sarcastically
Sar*cas"tic*al*ly, adv. In a sarcastic manner.
Sarcel
Sar"cel (?), n. [OF. cercel, F. cerceau, L. circellus, dim. of
circulus. See Circle.] One of the outer pinions or feathers of the
wing of a bird, esp. of a hawk.
Sarceled
Sar"celed (?), a. (her.) Cut through the middle.
Sarcelle
Sar`celle" (?), n. [F., fr. L. querquedula.] (Zo\'94l.) The old squaw,
or long-tailed duck.
Sarcenet
Sarce"net (?), n. [OF. sacenet; cf. LL. saracenium cloth made by
Saracens. See Saracen.] A species of fine thin silk fabric, used for
linings, etc. [Written also sarsenet.]
Thou green sarcenet flap for a sore eye. Shak.
Sarcin
Sar"cin (?), n. Same as Hypoxanthin.
Sarcina
Sar*ci"na (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) A genus of bacteria found in
various organic fluids, especially in those those of the stomach,
associated with certain diseases. The individual organisms undergo
division along two perpendicular partitions, so that multiplication
takes place in two directions, giving groups of four cubical cells.
Also used adjectively; as, a sarcina micrococcus; a sarcina group.
Sarcina form (Biol.), the tetrad form seen in the division of a
dumb-bell group of micrococci into four; -- applied particularly to
bacteria. See micrococcus.
Sarcle
Sar"cle (?), v. t. [F. sarcler to weed, fr. L. sarculare to hoe, fr.
sarculum hoe.] To weed, or clear of weeds, with a hoe. [Obs.]
Ainsworth.
Sarco
Sar"co (?). A combining form from Gr. flesh; as, sarcophagous,
flesh-eating; sarcology.
Sarcobasis
Sar*cob"a*sis (?), n.; pl. Sarcobases (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A
fruit consisting of many dry indehiscent cells, which contain but few
seeds and cohere about a common style, as in the mallows.
Sarcoblast
Sar"co*blast (?), n. [Sarco- + -blast.] (Zo\'94l.) A minute yellowish
body present in the interior of certain rhizopods.
Sarcocarp
Sar"co*carp (?), n. [Sacro- + Gr. sarcocarpe.] (Bot.) the fleshy part
of a stone fruit, situated between the skin, or epicarp, and the
stone, or endocarp, as in a peach. See Illust. of Endocarp.
NOTE: &hand; The term has also been used to denote, any fruit which
is fleshy throughout.
M. T. Masters.
Sarcocele
Sar"co*cele (?), n. [Gr. sacroc\'8ale.] (Med.) Any solid tumor of the
testicle.
Sarcocol, Sarcocolla
Sar"co*col (?), Sar`co*col"la (?), n. [L. sarcoccolla, from Gr.
sacrocolle.] A gum resin obtained from certain shrubs of Africa
(Pen\'91a), -- formerly thought to cause healing of wounds and ulcers.
Sarcodo
Sar"codo (?), n. [Gr. Sarcoid.] (Biol.) A name applied by Dujardin in
1835 to the gelatinous material forming the bodies of the lowest
animals; protoplasm.
Sarcoderm, sarcoderma
Sar"co*derm (?), sar`co*der"ma (?), n. [NL. sacroderma. See Sarco-,
and Derm.] (Bot.) (a) A fleshy covering of a seed, lying between the
external and internal integuments. (b) A sarcocarp.
Sarcodic
Sar*cod"ic (? OR ?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to sarcode.
Sarcoid
Sar"coid (?), a. [Gr. Sarcode.] (Biol.) Resembling flesh, or muscle;
composed of sarcode.
Sarcolactic
Sar`co*lac"tic (?), a. [Sarco- + lactic.] (Physiol. Chem.) relating to
muscle and milk; as, sarcolactic acid. See Lactic acid, under Lactic.
Sarcolemma
Sar`co*lem"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The very thin transparent
and apparently homogenous sheath which incloses a striated muscular
fiber; the myolemma.
Sarcoline
Sar"co*line (?), a. [Gr. (Min.) Flesh-colored.
Sarcologic, Sarcological
Sar`co*log"ic (?), Sar`co*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
sarcology.
Sarcology
Sar*col"o*gy (?), n. [Sarco- + -logy: cf. F. sarcologie.] That part of
anatomy which treats of the soft parts. It includes myology,
angiology, neurology, and splanchnology.
Sarcoma
Sar*co"ma (?), n.; pl. L. Sarcomata (# OR #), E. sarcomas (#). [NL.,
from Gr. (Med.) A tumor of fleshy consistence; -- formerly applied to
many varieties of tumor, now restricted to a variety of malignant
growth made up of cells resembling those of fetal development without
any proper intercellular substance.
Sarcomatous
Sar*com"a*tous (? OR ?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to sarcoma;
resembling sarcoma.
Sarcophaga
Sar*coph"a*ga (?), n. pl. [NL., neut. pl. See Sarcophagus.] (Zo\'94l.)
A suborder of carnivorous and insectivorous marsupials including the
dasyures and the opossums.
Sarcophaga
Sar*coph"a*ga, n. [NL., frm. sing. See Sarcophagus.] (Zo\'94l.) A
genus of Diptera, including the flesh flies.
Sarcophagan
Sar*coph"a*gan (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any animal which eats flesh, especially any carnivorous
marsupial.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any fly of the genus Sarcophaga.
Sarcophagous
Sar*coph"a*gous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Feeding on flesh; flesh-eating;
carnivorous.
Sarcophagus
Sar*coph"a*gus (?), n.; pl. L. Sarcophagi (#), E. Sarcophaguses (#).
[L., fr. Gr. Sarcasm.]
1. A species of limestone used among the Greeks for making coffins,
which was so called because it consumed within a few weeks the flesh
of bodies deposited in it. It is otherwise called lapis Assius, or
Assian stone, and is said to have been found at Assos, a city of
Lycia. Holland.
2. A coffin or chest-shaped tomb of the kind of stone described above;
hence, any stone coffin.
3. A stone shaped like a sarcophagus and placed by a grave as a
memorial.
Sarcophagy
Sar*coph"a*gy (?), n. [Gr. Sarcophagus.] The practice of eating flesh.
Sarcophile
Sar"co*phile (?), n. [Sacro- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A flesh-eating animal,
especially any one of the carnivorous marsupials.
sargoptes
sar*gop"tes (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of parasitic
mites including the itch mites.
Sarcoptid
Sar*cop"tid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Sarcoptes and
related genera of mites, comprising the itch mites and mange mites. --
a. Of or pertaining to the itch mites.
Sarcorhamphi
Sar`co*rham"phi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of
raptorial birds composing the vultures.
Sarcoseptum
Sar`co*sep"tum (?), n.; pl. Sarcosepta (#). [Sarco- + septum.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of the mesenteries of an anthozoan.
Sarcosin
Sar"co*sin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline nitrogenous
substance, formed in the decomposition of creatin (one of the
constituents of muscle tissue). Chemically, it is methyl glycocoll.<--
N-Methylglycine, C3H7NO2. -->
Sarcosis
Sar*co"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) Abnormal formation of
flesh. (b) Sarcoma.
Sarcotic
Sar*cot"ic (?), a. [Gr. sarcotique.] (Med.) Producing or promoting the
growth of flesh. [R.] -- n. A sarcotic medicine. [R.]
Sarcous
Sar"cous (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Fleshy; -- applied to the minute
stryctural elements, called sarcous elements, or sarcous disks, of
which striated muscular fiber is composed.
Sarculation
Sar`cu*la"tion (?), n. [L. sarculatio. See Sarcle.] A weeding, as with
a hoe or a rake.
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Page 1277
Sard
Sard (?), n. [L. sarda, Gr. sarde. Cf. Sardius.] (Min.) A variety of
carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or brownish red color. See the
Note under Chalcedony.
Sardachate
Sar"da*chate (?), n. [L. sardachates: cf. F. Sardachate. See Sard, and
Agate.] (Min.) A variety of agate containing sard.
Sardan, Sardel
Sar"dan (?), Sar"del (?), n. [It. sardella. See Sardine a fish.]
(Zo\'94l.) A sardine. [Obs.]
Sardel
Sar"del, n. A precious stone. See Sardius.
Sardine
Sar"dine (? OR ?; 277), n. [F. sardine (cf. Sp. sardina, sarda, It.
sardina, sardella), L. sardina, sarda; cf. Gr. sardinia, Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) Any one of several small species of herring which are
commonly preserved in olive oil for food, especially the pilchard, or
European sardine (Clupea pichardus). The California sardine (Clupea
sagax) is similar. The American sardines of the Atlantic coast are
mostly the young of the common herring and of the menhaden.
Sardine
Sar"dine (? OR ?; 277), n. See Sardius.
Sardinian
Sar*din"i*an (?), a. [L. Sardinianus.] Of or pertaining to the island,
kingdom, or people of Sardinia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of
Sardinia.
Sardius
Sar"di*us (?), n. [L. sardius, lapis sardinus, Gr. Sard.] A precious
stone, probably a carnelian, one of which was set in Aaron's
breastplate. Ex. xxviii. 17.
Sardoin
Sar"doin (?), n. [Cf. F. sardoine.] (Min.) Sard; carnelian.
Sardonian
Sar*do"ni*an (?), a. [Cf. F. sardonien.] Sardonic. [Obs.] "With
Sardonian smile." Spenser.
Sardonic
Sar*don"ic (?), a. [F. sardonique, L. sardonius, Gr. Sardinia, Gr.
Forced; unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or
bitterly sarcastic; -- applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial
semblance of gayety.
Where strained, sardonic smiles are glozing still, And grief is
forced to laugh against her will. Sir H. Wotton.
The scornful, ferocious, sardonic grin of a bloody ruffian. Burke.
Sardonic grin OR laugh, an old medical term for a spasmodic affection
of the muscles of the face, giving it an appearance of laughter.
Sardonic
Sar*don"ic, a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a kind of linen made
at Colchis.
Sardonyx
Sar"do*nyx (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Sard, and Onyx.] (Min.) A variety of
onyx consisting of sard and white chalcedony in alternate layers.
Saree
Sa"ree (?), n. [Hind. The principal garment of a Hindoo woman. It
consists of a long piece of cloth, which is wrapped round the middle
of the body, a portion being arranged to hang down in front, and the
remainder passed across the bosom over the left shoulder.
Sargasso
Sar*gas"so (?), n. [Sp. sargazo seaweed.] (Bot.) The gulf weed. See
under Gulf. Sargasso Sea, a large tract of the North Atlantic Ocean
where sargasso in great abundance floats on the surface.
Sargassum
Sar*gas"sum (?), n. [NL.] A genus of alg\'91 including the gulf weed.
Sargo
Sar"go (?), n. [Sp. sargo, L. sargus a kind of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) Any
one of several species of sparoid fishes belonging to Sargus,
Pomodasys, and related genera; -- called also sar, and saragu.
Sari
Sa"ri (?), n. Same as Saree.
Sarigue
Sa*rigue" (?), n. [F., from Braz. \'87arigueia, \'87arigueira.]
(Zo\'94l.) A small South American opossum (Didelphys opossum), having
four white spots on the face.
Sark
Sark (?), n. [AS. serce, syrce, ashirt; akin to Icel. serkr, Sw.
s\'84rk.] A shirt. [Scot.]
Sark
Sark, v. t. (Carp.) To cover with sarking, or thin boards.
Sarkin
Sar"kin (?), n. [Gr. ( (Physiol. Chem.) Same as Hypoxanthin.
Sarking
Sark"ing (?), n. [From Sark shirt.] (Carp.) Thin boards for shealting,
as above the rafters, and under the shingles or slates, and for
similar purposes.
Sarlac, Sarlyk
Sar"lac (?), Sar"lyk (?), n. [Mongolian sarlyk.] (Zo\'94l.) The yak.
Sarmatian, Sarmatic
Sar*ma"tian (?), Sar*mat"ic (?), a. [L. Sarmaticus.] Of or pertaining
to Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians und the
Poles.
Sarment
Sar"ment (?), n. [L. sarmentum a twig, fr. sarpere to cut off, to
trim: cf. F. sarment.] (Bot.) A prostrate filiform stem or runner, as
of the strawbwrry. See Runner.
Sarmentaceous
Sar`men*ta"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Bearing sarments, or runners, as the
strawberry.
Sarmentose
Sar`men*tose" (? OR ?), a. [L. sarmentosus: cf. F. sarmenteux. See
Sarment.] (Bot.) (a) Long and filiform, and almost naked, or having
only leaves at the joints where it strikes root; as, a sarmentose
stem. (b) Bearing sarments; sarmentaceous.
Sarmentous
Sar*men"tous (?), a. (Bot.) Sarmentose.
Sarn
Sarn (?), n. [W. sarn a causeway, paving.] A pavement or
stepping-stone. [Prov. Eng.] Johnson.
Sarong
Sa"rong (?), n. [Malay s\'berung.] A sort of petticoat worn by both
sexes in Java and the Malay Archipelago. Balfour (Cyc. of India)
Saros
Sa"ros (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Astron) A Chaldean astronomical period
or cycle, the length of which has been variously estimated from 3,600
years to 3,600 days, or a little short of 10 years. Brande & C. <-- A
length of time (6535.82 days, or 18 years 11.32 days, assuming 4 leap
years in that interval), after which the eclipses of the sun repeat
their pattern, but are shifted 120° west.. -->
Sarplar
Sar"plar (?), n. [Cf. LL. sarplare. See Sarplier.] A large bale or
package of wool, containing eighty tods, or 2,240 pounds, in weight.
[Eng.]
Sarplier
Sar"plier (?), n. [F. serpilli\'8are; cf. Pr. sargelheira, LL.
serpelleria, serpleria, Catalan sarpallera, Sp. arpillera.] A coarse
cloth made of hemp, and used for packing goods, etc. [Written also
sarpelere.] Tyrwhitt.
Sarpo
Sar"po (?), n. [Corruption of Sp. sapo a toad.] (Zo\'94l.) A large
toadfish the Southern United States and the Gulf of Mexico (Batrachus
tau, var. pardus).
Sarracenia
Sar`ra*ce"ni*a (?), n. [NL. So named after a Dr. Sarrazin of Quebec.]
(Bot.) A genus of American perrenial herbs growing in bogs; the
American pitcher plant.
NOTE: &hand; They have hollow pitcher-shaped or tubular leaves, and
solitary flowers with an umbrella-shaped style. Sarracenia
purpurea, the sidesaddle flower, is common at the North; S. flava,
rubra, Drummondii, variolaris, and psittacina are Southern species.
All are insectivorous, catching and drowning insects in their
curious leaves. See Illust. of Sidesaddle flower, under Sidesaddle.
Sarrasin, Sarrasine
Sar"ra*sin, Sar"ra*sine (?), n. [F. sarrasine, LL. saracina. See
Saracen.] (Fort.) A portcullis, or herse. [Written also sarasin.]
Sarsa
Sar"sa (?), n. Sarsaparilla. [Written also sarza.]
Sarsaparilla
Sar`sa*pa*ril"la (?), n. [Sp. zarzaparrilla; zarza a bramble (perhaps
fr. Bisc. zartzia) + parra a vine, or Parillo, a physician said to
have discovered it.] (Bot.) (a) Any plant of several tropical American
species of Smilax. (b) The bitter mucilaginous roots of such plants,
used in medicine and in sirups for soda, etc.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is al so ap plied to many other plants and
their roots, especially to the Aralia nudicaulis, the wild
sarsaparilla of the United States.
Sarsaparillin
Sar`sa*pa*ril"lin (?), n. See Parillin.
Sarse
Sarse (?), n. [F. sas, OF. saas, LL. setatium, fr. L. seta a stiff
hair.] A fine sieve; a searce. [Obs.]
Sarse
Sarse, v. t. To sift through a sarse. [Obs.]
Sarsen
Sar"sen (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain; perhaps for saracen stone, i.e., a
heathen or pagan stone or monument.] One of the large sandstone blocks
scattered over the English chalk downs; -- called also sarsen stone,
and Druid stone. [Eng.]
Sarsenet
Sarse"net (?), n. See Sarcenet.
Sart
Sart (?), n. An assart, or clearing. [Obs.] Bailey.
Sartorial
Sar*to"ri*al (?), a. [See Sartorius.]
1. Of or pertaining to a tailor or his work.
Our legs skulked under the table as free from sartorial
impertinences as those of the noblest savages. Lowell.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to thesartorius muscle.
Sartorius
Sar*to"ri*us (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sartor a patcher, tailor, fr.
sarcire, sartum, to patch, mend.] (Anat.) A muscle of the thigh,
called the tailor's muscle, which arises from the hip bone and is
inserted just below the knee. So named because its contraction was
supposed to produce the position of the legs assumed by the tailor in
sitting.
Sarum use
Sa"rum use` (?). (Ch. of Eng.) A liturgy, or use, put forth about 1087
by St. Osmund, bishop of Sarum, based on Anglo-Saxon and Norman
customs.
Sash
Sash (?), n. [Pers. shast a sort of girdle.] A scarf or band worn
about the waist, over the shoulder, or otherwise; a belt; a girdle, --
worn by women and children as an ornament; also worn as a badge of
distinction by military officers, members of societies, etc.
Sash
Sash, v. t. To adorn with a sash or scarf. Burke.
Sash
Sash, n. [F. sh a frame, sash, fr. sh a shrine, reliquary, frame, L.
capsa. See Case a box.]
1. The framing in which the panes of glass are set in a glazed window
or door, including the narrow bars between the panes.
2. In a sawmill, the rectangular frame in which the saw is strained
and by which it is carried up and down with a reciprocating motion; --
also called gate.
French sash, a casement swinging on hinges; -- in distinction from a
vertical sash sliding up and down.
Sash
Sash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sashing.] To
furnish with a sash or sashes; as, to sash a door or a window.
Sashery
Sash"er*y (?), n. [From 1st Sash.] A collection of sashes;
ornamentation by means of sashes. [R.]
Distinguished by their sasheries and insignia. Carlyle.
Sashoon
Sash"oon (?), n. [Etymology uncertain.] A kind of pad worn on the leg
under the boot. [Obs.] Nares.
Sasin
Sa"sin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The Indian antelope (Antilope bezoartica, OR
cervicapra), noted for its beauty and swiftness. It has long, spiral,
divergent horns.
Sassaby, Sassabye
Sas"sa*by (?), Sas"sa*bye (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large African antelope
(Alcelaphus tunata), similar to the hartbeest, but having its horns
regularly curved.
Sassafras
Sas"sa*fras (?), n. [F. sassafras (cf. It. sassafrasso, sassafras, Sp.
sasafras, salsafras, salsifrax, salsifragia, saxifragia), fr. L.
saxifraga saxofrage. See Saxifrage.] (Bot.) An American tree of the
Laurel family (Sassafras officinale); also, the bark of the roots,
which has an aromatic smell and taste. Australian sassafras, a lofty
tree (Doryophora Sassafras) with aromatic bark and leaves. -- Chilian
sassafras, an aromatic tree (Laurelia sempervirens). -- New Zealand
sassafras, a similar tree (Laurelia Nov\'91 Zelandi\'91). -- Sassafras
nut. See Pichurim bean. -- Swamp sassafras, the sweet bay (Magnolia
glauca). See Magnolia.
Sassanage
Sas"sa*nage (?), n. [See Sarse a sieve.] Stones left after sifting.
Smart.
Sassarara
Sas`sa*ra"ra (?), n. [Perh. a corruption of certiorari, the name of a
writ.] A word used to emphasize a statement. [Obs.]
Out she shall pack, with a sassarara. Goldsmith.
Sasse
Sasse (?), n. [D. sas, fr. F. sas the basin of a waterfall.] A sluice
or lock, as in a river, to make it more navigable. [Obs.] Pepys.
Sassenach
Sas"sen*ach (?), n. [Gael. sasunnach.] A Saxon; an Englishman; a
Lowlander. [Celtic] Sir W. Scott.
Sassolin, Sassoline
Sas"so*lin (?), Sas"so*line (?), n. [From Sasso, a town in Italy: cf.
F. sassolin.] (Min.) Native boric acid, found in saline incrustations
on the borders of hot springs near Sasso, in the territory of
Florence.
Sassorol, Sassorolla
Sas"so*rol (?), Sas`so*rol"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The rock pigeon. See
under Pigeon.
Sassy bark
Sas"sy bark` (?). (Bot.) The bark of a West African leguminous tree
(Erythrophl\'91um Guineense, used by the natives as an ordeal poison,
and also medicinally; -- called also mancona bark.
Sastra
Sas"tra (?), n. Same as Shaster.
Sat
Sat (?), imp. of Sit. [Written also sate.]
Satan
Sa"tan (?), n. [Heb. sat\'ben an adversary, fr. s\'betan to be
adverse, to persecute: cf. GR. Satan, Satanas.] The grand adversary of
man; The Devil, or Prince of darkness; the chief of the fallen angels;
the archfiend.
I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven. Luke x. 18.
Satanic, Satanical
Sa*tan"ic (?), Sa*tan"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. satanique, GR. Of or
pertaining to Satan; having the qualities of Satan; resembling Satan;
extremely malicious or wicked; devilish; infernal. "Satanic strength."
"Satanic host." Milton.
Detest the slander which, with a Satanic smile, exults over the
character it has ruined. Dr. T. Dwight.
-- Sa*tan"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Sa*tan"ic*al*ness, n.
Satanism
Sa"tan*ism (?), n. The evil and malicious disposition of Satan; a
diabolical sprit. [R.] <-- 2. Worship of satan. -->
Satanist
Sa"tan*ist, n. A very wicked-person. [R.] Granger.
Satanophany
Sa`tan*oph"a*ny (?), n. [Satan + Gr. An incarnation of Satan; a being
possessed by a demon. [R.] O. A. Brownson.
Satchel
Satch"el (?) n. [OF. sachel, fr. L. saccellus, dim. of saccus. See
Sack a bag.] A little sack or bag for carrying papers, books, or small
articles of wearing apparel; a hand bag. [Spelled also sachel.]
The whining schoolboy with his satchel. Shak.
Sate
Sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sated; p. pr. & vb. n. Sating.]
[Probably shortened fr. satiate: cf. L. satus full. See Satiate.] To
satisfy the desire or appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit.
Crowds of wanderers sated with the business and pleasure of great
cities. Macaulay.
Sate
Sate (?), imp. of Sit.
But sate an equal guest at every board. Lowell.
Sateen
Sat*een" (?), n. [Cf. Satin.] A kind of dress goods made of cotton or
woolen, with a glossy surface resembling satin.
Sateless
Sate"less (?), a. Insatiable. [R.] Young.
Satellite
Sat"el*lite (?), n. [F., fr. L. Stelles, -itis, an attendant.]
1. An attendant attached to a prince or other powerful person; hence,
an obsequious dependent. "The satellites of power." I. Disraeli.
2. (Astron.) A secondary planet which revolves about another planet;
as, the moon is a satellite of the earth. See Solar system, under
Solar.
Satellite moth (Zo\'94l.), a handsome European noctuid moth
(Scopelosoma satellitia).
Satellite
Sat"el*lite, a. (Anat.) Situated near; accompanying; as, the satellite
veins, those which accompany the arteries.
Satellitions
Sat`el*li"tions (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, satellites.
[R.] Cheyne.
Satiate
Sa"ti*ate (?), a. [L. satiatus, p. p. of satiare to satisfy, from sat,
satis, enough. See Sad, a., and cf. Sate.] Filled to satiety; glutted;
sated; -- followed by with or of. "Satiate of applause." Pope.
Satiate
Sa"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Satiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Satiating.]
1. To satisfy the appetite or desire of; tho feed to the full; to
furnish enjoyment to, to the extent of desire; to sate; as, to satiate
appetite or sense.
These [smells] rather woo the sense than satiate it. Bacon.
I may yet survive the malice of my enemies, although they should be
satiated with my blood. Eikon Basilike.
2. To full beyond matural desire; to gratify to repletion or loathing;
to surfeit; to glut.
3. To saturate. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton. Syn. -- To satisfy; sate;
suffice; cloy; gorge; overfill; surfeit; glut. -- Satiate, Satisfy,
Content. These words differ principally in degree. To Content is to
make contented, even though every desire or appetite is not fully
gratified. To satisfy is to appease fully the longings of desire. To
satiate is to fill so completely that it is not possible to receive or
enjoy more; hence, to overfill; to cause disgust in.
Content with science in the vale of peace. Pope.
His whole felicity is endless strife;
No peace, no satisfaction, crowns his life. Beaumont.
He may be satiated, but not satisfied. Norris.
Satiation
Sa`ti*a"tion (?), n. Satiety.
Satiety
Sa*ti"e*ty (?), n. [L. satietas, from satis, sat, enough: cf. F.
sati\'82t\'82.] The state of being satiated or glutted; fullness of
gratification, either of the appetite or of any sensual desire;
fullness beyond desire; an excess of gratification which excites
wearisomeness or loathing; repletion; satiation.
In all pleasures there is satiety. Hakewill.
But thy words, with grace divine Imbued, bring to their sweetness
no satiety. Milton.
Syn. -- Repletion; satiation; surfeit; cloyment.
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Page 1278
Satin
Sat"in (?), n. [F. satin (cf. Pg. setim), fr. It. setino, from seta
silk, L. saeta, seta, a thick, stiff hair, a bristle; or possibly
ultimately of Chinese origin; cf. Chin. sz-t\'81n, sz-twan. Cf.
Sateen.] A silk cloth, of a thick, close texture, and overshot
woof, which has a glossy surface.
Cloths of gold and satins rich of hue. Chaucer.
Denmark satin, a kind of lasting; a stout worsted stuff, woven with a
satin twill, used for women's shoes. -- Farmer's satin. See under
Farmer. -- Satin bird (Zo\'94l.), an Australian bower bird. Called
also satin grackle. -- Satin flower (Bot.) See Honesty, 4. -- Satin
spar. (Min.) (a) A fine fibrous variety of calcite, having a pearly
luster. (b) A similar variety of gypsum. -- Satin sparrow (Zo\'94l.),
the shining flycatcher (Myiagra nitida) of Tasmania and Australia. The
upper surface of the male is rich blackish green with a metallic
luster. -- Satin stone, satin spar.
Satinet
Sat`i*net" (?), n. [F., fr. satin. See Satin.]
1. A thin kind of satin.
2. A kind of cloth made of cotton warp and woolen filling, used
chiefly for trousers.
satinwood
sat"in*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The hard, lemon-colored, fragrant wood of
an East Indian tree (Chloroxylon Swietnia). It takes a lustrous
finish, and is used in cabinetwork. The name is also given to the wood
of a species of prickly ash (Xanthoxylum Carib\'91um) growing in
Florida and the West Indies.
Satiny
Sat"in*y (?), a. Like or composed of satin; glossy; as, to have a
satiny appearance; a satiny texture.
Sation
Sa"tion (?), n. [L. satio, fr. serere, satum, to sow.] A sowing or
planting. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Satire
Sat"ire (?; in Eng. often , n. [L. satira, satura, fr. satura (sc.
lanx) a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, food composed of
various ingredients, a mixture, a medley, fr. satur full of food,
sated, fr. sat, satis, enough: cf. F. satire. See Sate, Sad, a., and
cf. Saturate.]
1. A composition, generally poetical, holding up vice or folly to
reprobation; a keen or severe exposure of what in public or private
morals deserves rebuke; an invective poem; as, the Satires of Juvenal.
2. Keeness and severity of remark; caustic exposure to reprobation;
trenchant wit; sarcasm. Syn. -- Lampoon; sarcasm; irony; ridicule;
pasquinade; burlesque; wit; humor.
Satiric, Satirical
Sa*tir"ic (?), Sa*tir"ic*al (?), a. [L. satiricus: cf. F. satirique.]
1. Of or pertaining to satire; of the nature of satire; as, a satiric
style.
2. Censorious; severe in language; sarcastic; insulting. "Satirical
rogue." Shak. Syn. -- Cutting; caustic; poignant; sarcastic; ironical;
bitter; reproachful; abusive. -- Sa*tir"ic*al*ly, adv. --
Sa*tir"ic*al*ness, n.
Satirist
Sat"ir*ist (?), n. [Cf. F. satiriste.] One who satirizes; especially,
one who writes satire.
The mighty satirist, who . . . had spread through the Whig ranks.
Macaulay.
Satirize
Sat"ir*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Satirized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Satirizing (?).] [Cf. F. satiriser.] To make the object of satire; to
attack with satire; to censure with keenness or severe sarcasm.
It is as hard to satirize well a man of distinguished vices, as to
praise well a man of distinguished virtues. Swift.
Satisfaction
Sat`is*fac"tion (?), n. [OE. satisfaccioum, F. satisfaction, fr. L.
satisfactio, fr. satisfacere to satisfy. See Satisfy.]
1. The act of satisfying, or the state of being satisfied;
gratification of desire; contentment in possession and enjoyment;
repose of mind resulting from compliance with its desires or demands.
The mind having a power to suspend the execution and satisfaction
of any of its desires. Locke.
2. Settlement of a claim, due, or demand; payment; indemnification;
adequate compensation.
We shall make full satisfaction. Shak.
3. That which satisfies or gratifiles; atonement.
Die he, or justice must; unless or him Some other, able, and as
willing, pay The rigid satisfaction, death for death. Milton.
Syn. -- Contentment; content; gratification; pleasure; recompence;
compensation; amends; remuneration; indemnification; atonement.
Satiafactive
Sat`ia*fac"tive (?), a. Satisfactory. [Obs.]
Satisfactive discernment of fish. Sir T. Browne.
Satisfactory
Sat`is*fac"to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. satisfactoire.]
1. Giving or producing satisfaction; yielding content; especially,
relieving the mind from doubt or uncertainty, and enabling it to rest
with confidence; sufficient; as, a satisfactory account or
explanation.
2. Making amends, indemnification, or recompense; causing to cease
from claims and to rest content; compensating; atoning; as, to make
satisfactory compensation, or a satisfactory apology.
A most wise and sufficient means of redemption and salvation, by
the satisfactory and meritorius death and obedience of the
incarnate Son of God, Jesus Christ. Bp. Sanderson.
-- Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ty (#), adv. -- Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness, n.
Satisfiable
Sat"is*fi`a*ble, a. That may be satisfied.
Satisfier
Sat"is*fi`er (?), n. One who satisfies.
Satisfy
Sat"is*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Satisfied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Satisfying (?).] [OF. satisfier; L. satis enough + -ficare (in comp.)
to make; cf. F. satisfaire, L. satisfacere. See Sad, a., and Fact.]
1. In general, to fill up the measure of a want of (a person or a
thing); hence, to grafity fully the desire of; to make content; to
supply to the full, or so far as to give contentment with what is
wished for.
Death shall . . . with us two Be forced to satisfy his ravenous
maw. Milton.
2. To pay to the extent of chaims or deserts; to give what is due to;
as, to satisfy a creditor.
3. To answer or discharge, as a claim, debt, legal demand, or the
like; to give compensation for; to pay off; to requitte; as, to
satisfy a claim or an execution.
4. To free from doubrt, suspense, or uncertainty; to give assurance
to; as, to satisfy one's self by inquiry.
The standing evidences of the truth of the gospel are in themselves
most firm, solid, and satisfying. Atterbury.
Syn. -- To satiate; sate; content; grafity; compensate. See Satiate.
Satisfy
Sat"is*fy (?), v. i.
1. To give satisfaction; to afford gratification; to leave nothing to
be desire.
2. To make payment or atonement; to atone. Milton.
Satisfyingly
Sat"is*fy`ing*ly (?), adv. So as to satisfy; satisfactorily.
Sative
Sa"tive (?), a. [L. sativus, fr. serere, satum, to sow.] Sown;
propagated by seed. [Obs.] Evelyn.
Satle
Sa"tle (?), v. t. & i. To settle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Satrap
Sa"trap (? OR ?; 277), n. [L. satrapes, Gr. khsatrap\'bevan ruler: cf.
F. satrape.] The governor of a province in ancient Persia; hence, a
petty autocrat despot.
Satrapal
Sa"trap*al (? OR ?), a. Of or pertaining to a satrap, or a satrapy.
Satrapess
Sa"trap*ess (? OR ?), n. A female satrap.
Satrapial
Sa*trap"ial (?), a. Satrapal. [R.]
Satrapy
Sa"trap*y (?; 277), n.; pl. Satrapies (#). [L. satrapia, satrapea, Gr.
satrapie.] The government or jurisdiction of a satrap; a principality.
Milton.
Satsuma ware
Sat"su*ma ware" (? OR ?). (Fine Arts) A kind of ornamental hard-glazed
pottery made at Satsuma in Kiushu, one of the Japanese islands.
Saturable
Sat"u*ra*ble (?; 135), a. [L. saturabilis: cf. F. saturable.] Capable
of being saturated; admitting of saturation. -- Sat`u*ra*bil"i*ty (#),
n.
Saturant
Sat"u*rant (?), a. [L. saturans, p. pr. See Saturate.] Impregnating to
the full; saturating.
Saturant
Sat"u*rant, n.
1. (Chem.) A substance used to neutralize or saturate the affinity of
another substance.
2. (Med.) An antacid, as magnesia, used to correct acidity of the
stomach.
Saturate
Sat"u*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saturated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Saturating.] [L. saturatus, p.p. of saturate to saturate, fr. satur
full of food, sated. See Satire.]
1. To cause to become completely penetrated, impregnated, or soaked;
to fill fully; to sate.
Innumerable flocks and herbs covered that vast expanse of emerald
meadow saturated with the moisture of the Atlantic. Macaulay.
Fill and saturate each kind With good according to its mind.
Emerson.
2. (Chem.) To satisfy the affinity of; to cause to become inert by
chemical combination with all that it can hold; as, to saturate
phosphorus with chlorine.
Saturate
Sat"u*rate (?), p. a. [L. saturatus, p. p.] Filled to repletion;
saturated; soaked.
Dries his feathers saturate with dew. Cowper.
The sand beneath our feet is saturate With blood of martyrs.
Longfellow.
Saturated
Sat"u*ra`ted (?), a.
1. Filled to repletion; holding by absorption, or in solution, all
that is possible; as, saturated garments; a saturated solution of
salt.
2. (Chem.) Having its affinity satisfied; combined with all it can
hold; -- said of certain atoms, radicals, or compounds; thus, methane
is a saturated compound. Contrasted with unsaturated.
NOTE: &hand; A saturated compound may exchange certain ingredients
for others, but can not take on more without such exchange.
Saturated color (Optics), a color not diluted with white; a pure
unmixed color, like those of the spectrum.
Saturation
Sat`u*ra"tion (?), n. [L. saturatio: cf. F. saturation.]
1. The act of saturating, or the state of being saturating; complete
penetration or impregnation.
2. (Chem.) The act, process, or result of saturating a substance, or
of combining it to its fullest extent.
3. (Optics) Freedom from mixture or dilution with white; purity; --
said of colors.
NOTE: &hand; Th e de gree of saturation of a color is its relative
purity, or freedom from admixture with white.
saturator
sat"u*ra`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, saturates.
Saturday
Sat"ur*day (?; 48), n. [OE. Saterday, AS. S\'91terd\'91g,
S\'91ternd\'91g, S\'91ternesd\'91g, literally, Saturn's day, fr. L.
Saturnus Saturn + AS. d\'91g day; cf. L. dies Saturni.] The seventh or
last day of the week; the day following Friday and preceding Sunday.
Saturity
Sa*tu"ri*ty (?), n. [L. saturitas, fr. satur full of food, sated.] The
state of being saturated; fullness of supply. [Obs.] Warner.
Saturn
Sa"turn (?), n. [L. Saturnus, literally, the saower, fr. serere,
satum, to sow. See Season.]
1. (Roman Myth.) One of the elder and principal deities, the son of
C\'d2lus and Terra (Heaven and Earth), anf the father of Jupiter. The
corresponding Greek divinity was Kro`nos, later CHro`nos, Time.
2. (Astron.) One of the planets of the solar system, next in magnitude
to Jupiter, but more remote from the sun. Its diameter is seventy
thousand miles, its mean distance from the sun nearly eight hundred
and eighty millions of miles, and its year, or periodical revolution
round the sun, nearly twenty-nine years and a half. It is surrounded
by a remarkable system of rings, and has eight satellites. <-- more
satellites have been discovered. -->
3. (Alchem.) The metal lead. [Archaic]
Saturnalia
Sat`ur*na"li*a (?), n. pl. [L. See Saturn.]
1. (Rom. Antiq.) the festival of Saturn, celebrated in December,
originally during one day, but afterward during seven days, as a
period of unrestrained license and merriment for all classes,
extending even to the slaves.
2. Hence: A period or occasion of general licemse, in which the
passions or vices have riotous indulgence.
Saturnalian
Sat`ur*na"li*an (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to the Saturnalia.
2. Of unrestrained and intemperate jollity; riotously merry;
dissolute. "Saturnalian amusement." Burke.
Saturnian
Sa*tur"ni*an (?), a. [L. Saturnius.]
1. (Roman Myth.) Of or pertaining to Saturn, whose age or reign, from
the mildness and wisdom of his government, is called the golden age.
2. Hence: Resembling the golden age; distinguished for peacefulness,
happiness, contentment.
Augustus, born to bring Saturnian times. Pope.
3. (Astron.) Of or pertaining to the planet Saturn; as, the Saturnian
year.
Saturnian verse (Pros.), a meter employed by early Roman satirists,
consisting of three iambics and an extra syllable followed by three
trochees, as in the line: -- Th&ecr; qu&emac;en | w&acr;s &ismac;n |
th&ecr; k&ismac;tch | &ecr;n &emac;at&icr;ng | br&emac;ad &acr;nd |
h&omac;n&ecr;y.
Saturnian
Sa*tur"ni*an, n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large
handsome moths belonging to Saturnia and allied genera. The Luna moth,
polyphemus, and promethea, are examples. They belong to the Silkworn
family, and some are raised for their silk. See Polyphemus.
Saturnicentric
Sat`urn*i*cen"tric (?), a. (Astron.) Appearing as if seen from the
center of the planet Saturn; relating or referred to Saturn as a
center.
Saturnine
Sat"ur*nine (?), a. [L. Saturnus the god Saturn, also, the planet
Saturn: cf. F. saturnin of or pertaining to lead (Saturn, in old
chemistry, meaning lead),saturnien saturnine, saturnian. See Saturn.]
1. Born under, or influenced by, the planet Saturn.
2. Heavy; grave; gloomy; dull; -- the opposite of mercurial; as, a
saturnine person or temper. Addison.
3. (Old Chem.) Of or pertaining to lead; characterized by, or
resembling, lead, which was formerly called Saturn. [Archaic]
Saturnine colic (Med.), lead colic.
Saturnism
Sat"ur*nism (?), n. (Med.) Plumbum. Quain.
Saturnist
Sat"ur*nist (?), n. A person of a dull, grave, gloomy temperament. W.
browne.
Satyr
Sa"tyr (?; 277), n. [L. satyrus, Gr. satyre.]
1. (Class. Myth.) A sylvan deity or demigod, represented as part man
and part goat, and characterized by riotous merriment and
lasciviousness.
Rough Satyrs danced; and Fauns, with cloven heel, From the glad
sound would not be absent long. Milton.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of many species of butterflies belonging to the
family Nymphalid\'91. Their colors are commonly brown and gray, often
with ocelli on the wings. Called also meadow browns.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The orangoutang.
Satyriasis
Sat`y*ri"a*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Satyr.] Immoderate venereal
appetite in the male. Quain.
Satyric, Satyrical
Sa*tyr"ic (?), Sa*tyr"ic*al (?), a. [L. satyricus, Gr. Of or
pertaining to satyrs; burlesque; as, satyric tragedy. P. Cyc.
Satyrion
Sa*tyr"i*on (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.) Any one of several kinds of
orchids. [Obs.]
Sauba ant
Sau"ba ant` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A South American ant (Ecodoma cephalotes)
remarkable for having two large kinds of workers besides the ordinary
ones, and for the immense size of its formicaries. The sauba ant cuts
off leaves of plants and carries them into its subterranean nests, and
thus often does great damage by defoliating trees and cultivated
plants.<-- a leaf-cutting ant -->
Sauce
Sauce (?), n. [F., fr. OF. sausse, LL. salsa, properly, salt pickle,
fr. L. salsus salted, salt, p.p. of salire to salt, fr. sal salt. See
Salt, and cf. Saucer, Souse pickle, Souse to plunge.]
1. A composition of condiments and appetizing ingredients eaten with
food as a relish; especially, a dressing for meat or fish or for
puddings; as, mint sauce; sweet sauce, etc. "Poignant sauce." Chaucer.
High sauces and rich spices fetched from the Indies. Sir S. Baker.
2. Any garden vegetables eaten with meat. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
Forby. Bartlett.
Roots, herbs, vine fruits, and salad flowers . . . they dish up
various ways, and find them very delicious sauce to their meats,
both roasted and boiled, fresh and salt. Beverly.
3. Stewed or preserved fruit eaten with other food as a relish; as,
apple sauce, cranberry sauce, etc. [U.S.] "Stewed apple sauce." Mrs.
Lincoln (Cook Book).
4. Sauciness; impertinence. [Low.] Haliwell.
To serve one the same sauce, to retaliate in the same kind. [Vulgar]
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1279
Sauce
Sauce (?), v. t. [Cf. F. saucer.] [imp. & p. p. Sauced (; p. pr. & vb.
n. Saucing (.]
1. To accompany with something intended to give a higher relish; to
supply with appetizing condiments; to season; to flavor.
2. To cause to relish anything, as if with a sauce; to tickle or
gratify, as the palate; to please; to stimulate; hence, to cover,
mingle, or dress, as if with sauce; to make an application to. [R.]
Earth, yield me roots; Who seeks for better of thee, sauce his
palate With thy most operant poison! Shak.
3. To make poignant; to give zest, flavor or interest to; to set off;
to vary and render attractive.
Then fell she to sauce her desires with threatenings. Sir P.
Sidney.
4. To treat with bitter, pert, or tart language; to be impudent or
sancy to. [Colloq. or Low]
I'll sauce her with bitter words. Shak.
Sauce
Sauce (?), n. [F.] (Fine Art) A soft crayon for use in stump drawing
or in shading with the stump.
Sauce-alone
Sauce"-a*lone` (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) Jack-by-the-hedge.
See under Jack.
Saucebox
Sauce"box` (?), n. [See Sauce, and Saucy.] A saucy, impudent person;
especially, a pert child.
Saucebox, go, meddle with your lady's fan, And prate not here! A.
Brewer.
Saucepan
Sauce"pan` (?), n. A small pan with a handle, in which sauce is
prepared over a fire; a stewpan.
Saucer
Sau"cer (?), n. [F. sauci\'8are, from sauce. see Sauce.]
1. A small pan or vessel in which sauce was set on a table. [Obs.]
Bacon.
2. A small dish, commonly deeper than a plate, in which a cup is set
at table.
3. Something resembling a saucer in shape. Specifically: (a) A flat,
shallow caisson for raising sunken ships. (b) A shallow socket for the
pivot of a capstan. <--
Flying saucer, a type of Unidentified Flying Object, having a biconvex
discoid shape; such objects are occasionally reported to have been
sighted, but no example of one has been reliably shown to exist. They
are believed by ufologists to originate in outer space, but they are
generally presumed to be misinterpretations of ordinary phenomena,
illusions or imaginary objects. Fraudulent photographs purporting to
show flying saucers are published from time to time. -->
Saucily
Sau"ci*ly (?), adv. In a saucy manner; impudently; with impertinent
boldness. Addison.
Sauciness
Sau"ci*ness, n. The quality or state of being saucy; that which is
saucy; impertinent boldness; contempt of superiors; impudence.
Your sauciness will jest upon my love. Shak.
Syn. -- Impudence; impertinence; rudeness; insolence. see Impudence.
Saucisson, Saucisse
Sau`cis`son" (?), Sau`cisse" (?), n. [F., fr. saucisse sausage. See
Sausage.]
1. (Mining or Gun.) A long and slender pipe or bag, made of cloth well
pitched, or of leather, filled with powder, and used to communicate
fire to mines, caissons, bomb chests, etc.
2. (Fort.) A fascine of more than ordinary length.
Saucy
Sau"cy (?), a. [Compar. Saucier (?); superl. Sauciest.] [From Sauce.]
1. Showing impertinent boldness or pertness; transgressing the rules
of decorum; treating superiors with contempt; impudent; insolent; as,
a saucy fellow.
Am I not protector, saucy priest? Shak.
2. Expressive of, or characterized by, impudence; impertinent; as, a
saucy eye; saucy looks.
We then have done you bold and sausy wrongs. Shak.
Syn. -- Impudent; insolent; impertinent; rude.
Sauerkraut
Sauer"kraut` (?), n. [G., fr. sauer sour + kraut herb, cabbage.]
Cabbage cut fine and allowed to ferment in a brine made of its own
juice with salt, -- a German dish.
Sauf
Sauf (?), a. Safe. [Obs.] haucer.
Sauf
Sauf, conj. & prep. Save; except. [Obs.] "Sauf I myself." Chaucer.
Saufly
Sauf"ly, adv. Safely. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sauger
Sau"ger (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An American fresh-water food fish
(Stizostedion Canadense); -- called also gray pike, blue pike,
hornfish, land pike, sand pike, pickering, and pickerel.
Saugh, Sauh
Saugh, Sauh (?), obs. imp. sing. of See. Chaucer.
Sauks
Sauks (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) Same as Sacs.
Saul
Saul (?), n. Soul. [Obs.]
Saul
Saul, n. Same as Sal, the tree.
Saule
Sau"le (?), n. A hired mourner at a funeral. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Sault
Sault (?), n. [OF., F. saut, fr. L. saltus See Salt a leap.] A rapid
in some rivers; as, the Sault Ste. Marie. [U.S.] Bartlett.
Saunders
Saun"ders (?), n. See Sandress.
Saunders-blue
Saun"ders-blue` (?), n. [Corrupted fr. F. cendres bleues blue ashes.]
A kind of color prepared from calcined lapis lazuli; ultramarine;
also, a blue prepared from carbonate of copper. [Written also
sanders-blue.]
Saunter
Saun"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sauntered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sauntering.] [Written also santer.] [Probably fr. F. s'aventurer to
adventure (one's self), through a shortened form s'auntrer. See
Adventure, n. & v.] To wander or walk about idly and in a leisurely or
lazy manner; to lounge; to stroll; to loiter.
One could lie under elm trees in a lawn, or saunter in meadows by
the side of a stream. Masson.
Syn. -- To loiter; linger; stroll; wander.
Saunter
Saun"ter, n. A sauntering, or a sauntering place.
That wheel of fops, that saunter of the town. Young.
Saunterer
Saun"ter*er (?), n. One who saunters.
Saur
Saur (?), n. [Contracted from Gael. salachar filth, nastiness, fr.
salach nasty, fr. sal filth, refuse.] Soil; dirt; dirty water; urine
from a cowhouse. [Prov. Eng.]
Saurel
Sau"rel (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any carangoid fish of the genus Trachurus,
especially T. trachurus, or T. saurus, of Europe and America, and T.
picturatus of California. Called also skipjack, and horse mackarel.
Sauria
Sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of Reptilia
formerly established to include the Lacertilia, Crocodilia,
Dinosauria, and other groups. By some writers the name is restricted
to the Lacertilia.
Saurian
Sau"ri*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of,
the Sauria. -- n. One of the Sauria.
Saurioid
Sau"ri*oid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sauroid.
Saurobatrachia
Sau"ro*ba*tra"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Sauria, and Batrachia.]
(Zo\'94l.) The Urodela.
Saurognathous
Sau*rog"na*thous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the bones of the
palate arranged as in saurians, the vomer consisting of two lateral
halves, as in the woodpeckers. (Pici).
Sauroid
Sau"roid (?), a. [Gr. -oid: cf. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Like or pertaining
to the saurians. (b) Resembling a saurian superficially; as, a sauroid
fish.
Sauroidichnite
Sau`roid*ich"nite (?), n. [See Sauroid, and Ichnite.] (Paleon.) The
fossil track of a saurian.
Sauropoda
Sau*rop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Paleon.) An extinct
order of herbivorous dinosaurs having the feet of a saurian type,
instead of birdlike, as they are in many dinosaurs. It includes the
Largest Known land animals, belonging to Brontosaurus, Camarasaurus,
and alied genera. See Illustration in Appendix.
Sauropsida
Sau*rop"si*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A comprehensive
group of vertebrates, comprising the reptiles and birds.
Sauropterygia
Sau*rop`te*ryg"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) Same as
Plesiosauria.
Saurur\'91
Sau*ru"r\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct order of
birds having a long vertebrated tail with quills along each side of
it. Arch\'91opteryx is the type. See Arch\'91opteryx, and
Odontornithes.
Saury
Sau"ry (?), n.; pl. Sauries (#). [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) A
slender marine fish (Scombresox saurus) of Europe and America. It has
long, thin, beaklike jaws. Called also billfish, gowdnook, gawnook,
skipper, skipjack, skopster, lizard fish, and Egypt herring.
Sausage
Sau"sage (?; 48), n. [F. saucisse, LL. salcitia, salcicia, fr. salsa.
See Sauce.]
1. An article of food consisting of meat (esp. pork) minced and highly
seasoned, and inclosed in a cylindrical case or skin usually made of
the prepared intestine of some animal.
2. A saucisson. See Saucisson. Wilhelm.
Sauseflem
Sau"se*flem (?), a. [OF. saus salt (L. salsus) + flemme phlegm.]
Having a red, pimpled face. [Obs.] [Written also sawceflem.] Chaucer.
Saussurite
Saus"sur*ite (?), n. [F. So called from M. Saussure.] (Min.) A tough,
compact mineral, of a white, greenish, or grayish color. It is near
zoisite in composition, and in part, at least, has been produced by
the alteration of feldspar.
Saut, Saute
Saut, Saute (?), n. An assault. [Obs.]
Saute
Sau`te" (?), p. p. of Sauter. C. Owen.
Sauter
Sau`ter" (?), v. t. [F., properly, to jump.] To fry lightly and
quickly, as meat, by turning ot tossing it over frequently in a hot
pan greased with a little fat.
Sauter
Sau"ter (?), n. Psalter. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
Sauterelle
Sau`te*relle (?), n. [F.] An instrument used by masons and others to
trace and form angles.
Sauterne
Sau`terne" (?), n. [F.] A white wine made in the district of sauterne,
France.
Sautrie
Sau"trie (?), n. Psaltery. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sauvegarde
Sau`ve*garde" (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The monitor.
Savable
Sav"a*ble (?), a. [From Save. Cf. Salvable.] capable of, or admitting
of, being saved.
In the person prayed for there ought to be the great disposition of
being in a savable condition. Jer. Taylor.
Savableness
Sav"a*ble*ness, n. Capability of being saved.
Savacioun
Sa*va"ci*oun` (?), n. Salvation. [Obs.]
Savage
Sav"age (?; 48), a. [F. sauvage, OF. salvage, fr. L. silvaticus
belonging to a wood, wild, fr. silva a wood. See Silvan, and cf.
Sylvatic.]
1. Of or pertaining to the forest; remote from human abodes and
cultivation; in a state of nature; nature; wild; as, a savage
wilderness.
2. Wild; untamed; uncultivated; as, savage beasts.
Cornels, and savage berries of the wood. Dryden.
3. Uncivilized; untaught; unpolished; rude; as, savage life; savage
manners.
What nation, since the commencement of the Christian era, ever rose
from savage to civilized without Christianity? E. D. Griffin.
4. Characterized by cruelty; barbarous; fierce; ferocious; inhuman;
brutal; as, a savage spirit. Syn. -- Ferocious; wild; uncultivated;
untamed; untaught; uncivilized; unpolished; rude; brutish; brutal;
heathenish; barbarous; cruel; inhuman; fierce; pitiless; merciless;
unmerciful; atrocious. See Ferocious.
Savage
Sav"age, n.
1. A human being in his native state of rudeness; one who is untaught;
uncivilized, or without cultivation of mind or manners.
2. A man of extreme, unfeeling, brutal cruelty; a barbarian.
Savage
Sav"age (?; 48), v. t. To make savage. [R.]
Its bloodhounds, savaged by a cross of wolf. South
Savagely
Sav"age*ly, adv. In a savage manner.
Savageness
Sav"age*ness, n. The state or quality of being savage.
Wolves and bears, they say, Casting their savageness aside have
done Like offices of pity. Shak.
Savagery
Sav"age*ry (?; 277), n. [F. sauvagerie.]
1. The state of being savage; savageness; savagism.
A like work of primeval savagery. C. Kingsley.
2. An act of cruelty; barbarity.
The wildest savagery, the vilest stroke, That ever wall-eyed wrath
or staring rage Presented to the tears of soft remorse. Shak.
3. Wild growth, as of plants. Shak.
Savagism
Sav"a*gism (?), n. The state of being savage; the state of rude,
uncivilized men, or of men in their native wildness and rudeness.
Savanilla
Sav`a*nil"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The tarpum. [Local, U.S.]
Savanna
Sa*van"na (?), n. [Of American Indian origin; cf. Sp. sabana, F.
savane.] A tract of level land covered with the vegetable growth
usually found in a damp soil and warm climate, -- as grass or reeds,
-- but destitute of trees. [Spelt also savannah.]
Savannahs are clear pieces land without woods. Dampier.
Savanna flower (Bot.), a West Indian name for several climbing
apocyneous plants of the genus Echites. -- Savanna sparrow (Zo\'94l.),
an American sparrow (Ammodramus sandwichensis or Passerculus savanna)
of which several varieties are found on grassy plains from Alaska to
the Eastern United States. -- Savanna wattle (Bot.), a name of two
West Indian trees of the genus Citharexylum.
Savant
Sa`vant" (?), n.; pl. Savants (F. . [F., fr. savoir to know, L.
sapere. See Sage, a.] A man of learning; one versed in literature or
science; a person eminent for acquirements.
Save
Save (?), n. [See Sage the herb.] The herb sage, or salvia. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Save
Save (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Saving.] [OE.
saven, sauven, salven, OF. salver, sauver, F. sauver, L. salvare, fr.
salvus saved, safe. See Safe, a.]
1. To make safe; to procure the safety of; to preserve from injury,
destruction, or evil of any kind; to rescue from impending danger; as,
to save a house from the flames.
God save all this fair company. Chaucer.
He cried, saying, Lord, save me. Matt. xiv. 30.
Thou hast . . . quitted all to save A world from utter loss.
Milton.
2. (Theol.) Specifically, to deliver from and its penalty; to rescue
from a state of condemnation and spiritual death, and bring into a
state of spiritual life.
Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners. 1 Tim. i. 15.
3. To keep from being spent or lost; to secure from waste or
expenditure; to lay up; to reserve.
Now save a nation, and now save a groat. Pope.
4. To rescue from something undesirable or hurtful; to prevent from
doing something; to spare.
I'll save you That labor, sir. All's now done. Shak.
5. To hinder from doing, suffering, or happening; to obviate the
necessity of; to prevent; to spare.
Will you not speak to save a lady's blush? Dryden.
6. To hold possession or use of; to escape loss of.
Just saving the tide, and putting in a stock of merit. Swift.
To save appearance, to preserve a decent outside; to avoid exposure of
a discreditable state of things. Syn. -- To preserve; rescue; deliver;
protect; spare; reserve; prevent.
Save
Save, v. i. To avoid unnecessary expense or expenditure; to prevent
waste; to be economical.
Brass ordnance saveth in the quantity of the material. Bacon.
Save
Save, prep. OR conj. [F. sauf, properly adj., safe. See Safe, a.]
Except; excepting; not including; leaving out; deducting; reserving;
saving.
Five times received I forty stripes save one. 2 Cor. xi. 24.
Syn. -- See Except.
Save
Save, conj. Except; unless.
Saveable
Save"a*ble (?), a. See Savable.
Save-all
Save"-all` (?), n. [Save + all.] Anything which saves fragments, or
prevents waste or loss. Specifically: (a) A device in a candlestick to
hold the ends of candles, so that they be burned. (b) (Naut.) A small
sail sometimes set under the foot of another sail, to catch the wind
that would pass under it. Totten. (c) A trough to prevent waste in a
paper-making machine.
Saveloy
Sav"e*loy (?), n. [F. cervelas, It. cervellata, fr. cervello brain, L.
cerebellum, dim. of cerebrum brain. See Cerebral.] A kind of dried
sausage. McElrath.
Savely
Save"ly (?), adv. Safely. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Savement
Save"ment (?), n. The act of saving. [Obs.]
Saver
Sav"er (?), n. One who saves.
Savin, Savine
Sav"in, Sav"ine (?), n. [OE. saveine, AS. safin\'91, savine, L. sabina
herba. Cf. Sabine.] [Written also sabine.] (Bot.) (a) A coniferous
shrub (Juniperus Sabina) of Western Asia, occasionally found also in
the northern parts of the United States and in British America. It is
a compact bush, with dark-colored foliage, and produces small berries
having a glaucous bloom. Its bitter, acrid tops are sometimes used in
medicine for gout, amenorrh\'d2a, etc. (b) The North American red
cedar (Juniperus Virginiana.)
Saving
Sav"ing (?), a. 1. Preserving; rescuing.
He is the saving strength of his anointed. Ps. xxviii. 8.
2. Avoiding unnecessary expense or waste; frugal; not lavish or
wasteful; economical; as, a saving cook.
3. Bringing back in returns or in receipts the sum expended; incurring
no loss, though not gainful; as, a saving bargain; the ship has made a
saving voyage.
4. Making reservation or exception; as, a saving clause.
NOTE: &hand; sa ving is of ten used with a noun to form a compound
adjective; as, labor-saving, life-saving, etc.
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Page 1280
Saving
Sav"ing (?), prep. OR conj.; but properly a participle. With the
exception of; except; excepting; also, without disrespect to. "Saving
your reverence." Shak. "Saving your presence." Burns.
None of us put off clothes, saving that every one put them off for
washing. Neh. iv. 23.
And in the stone a new name written, which no man knoweth saving he
that receiveth it. Rev. ii. 17.
Saving
Sav"ing, n.
1. Something kept from being expended or lost; that which is saved or
laid up; as, the savings of years of economy.
2. Exception; reservation.
Contend not with those that are too strong for us, but still with a
saving to honesty. L'Estrange.
Savings bank, a bank in which savings or earnings are deposited and
put at interest.
Savingly
Sav"ing*ly, adv.
1. In a saving manner; with frugality or parsimony.
2. So as to be finally saved from eternal death.
Savingly born of water and the Spirit. Waterland.
Savingness
Sav"ing*ness, n.
1. The quality of being saving; carefulness not to expend money
uselessly; frugality; parsimony. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
2. Tendency to promote salvation. Johnson.
Savior
Sav"ior (?), n. [OE. saveour, OF. salveor, F. sauveur, fr. L. salvator
to save. See Save, v.] [Written also saviour.]
1. One who saves, preserves, or delivers from destruction or danger.
2. Specifically: The (or our, your, etc.) Savior, he who brings
salvation to men; Jesus Christ, the Redeemer.
Savioress
Sav"ior*ess, n. A female savior. [Written also saviouress.] [R.] Bp.
Hall.
Savor
Sa"vor (?), n. [OE. savour, savor, savur, OF. savor, savour, F.
saveur, fr. L. sapor, fr. sapere to taste, savor. See Sage, a., and
cf. Sapid, Insipid, Sapor.] [Written also savour.]
1. That property of a thing which affects the organs of taste or
smell; taste and odor; flavor; relish; scent; as, the savor of an
orange or a rose; an ill savor.
I smell sweet savors and I feel soft things. Shak.
2. Hence, specific flavor or quality; characteristic property;
distinctive temper, tinge, taint, and the like.
Why is not my life a continual joy, and the savor of heaven
perpetually upon my spirit? Baxter.
3. Sense of smell; power to scent, or trace by scent. [R.] "Beyond my
savor." Herbert.
4. Pleasure; delight; attractiveness. [Obs.]
She shall no savor have therein but lite. Chaucer.
Syn. -- Taste; flavor; relish; odor; scent; smell.
Savor
Sa"vor, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Savored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Savoring.]
[Cf. OF. savorer, F. savourer. See Savor, n.] [Written also savour.]
1. To have a particular smell or taste; -- with of.
2. To partake of the quality or nature; to indicate the presence or
influence; to smack; -- with of.
This savors not much of distraction. Shak.
I have rejected everything that savors of party. Addison.
3. To use the sense of taste. [Obs.]
By sight, hearing, smelling, tasting or savoring, and feeling.
Chaucer.
Savor
Sa"vor, v. t.
1. To perceive by the smell or the taste; hence, to perceive; to note.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
2. To have the flavor or quality of; to indicate the presence of. [R.]
That cuts us off from hope, and savors only Rancor and pride,
impatience and despite. Milton.
3. To taste or smell with pleasure; to delight in; to relish; to like;
to favor. [R.] Shak.
Savorily
Sa"vor*i*ly (?), adv. In a savory manner.
Savoriness
Sa"vor*i*ness, n. The quality of being savory.
Savorless
Sa"vor*less, a. Having no savor; destitute of smell or of taste;
insipid.
Savorly
Sa"vor*ly, a. Savory. [Obs.]
Savorly
Sa"vor*ly, adv. In a savory manner. [Obs.] Barrow.
Savorous
Sa"vor*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. savoureux, OF. saveros, L. saporosus. Cf.
Saporous, and see Savor, n.] Having a savor; savory. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Savory
Sa"vor*y (?), a. [From Savor.] Pleasing to the organs of taste or
smell. [Written also savoury.]
The chewing flocks Had ta'en their supper on the savory herb.
Milton.
Savorry
Sa"vor*ry (?), n. [F. savor\'82e; cf. It. santoreggia, satureja, L.
satureia,] (Bot.) An aromatic labiate plant (Satireia hortensis), much
used in cooking; -- also called summer savory. [Written also savoury.]
Savoy
Sa*voy" (?), n. [F. chou de Savoie cabbage of Savoy.] (Bot.) A variety
of the common cabbage (Brassica oleracea major), having curled leaves,
-- much cultivated for winter use.
Savoyard
Sav`oy*ard" (?), n. [F.] A native or inhabitant of Savoy.
Saw
Saw (?), imp. of See.
Saw
Saw, n. [OE. sawe, AS. sagu; akin to secgan to say. See Say, v. t. and
cf. Saga.]
1. Something said; speech; discourse. [Obs.] "To hearken all his
sawe." Chaucer.
2. A saying; a proverb; a maxim.
His champions are the prophets and apostles, His weapons holy saws
of sacred writ. Shak.
3. Dictate; command; decree. [Obs.]
[Love] rules the creatures by his powerful saw. Spenser.
Saw
Saw, n. [OE. sawe, AS. sage; akin to D. zaag, G. s\'84ge, OHG. sega,
saga, Dan. sav, sw. s\'86g, Icel. s\'94g, L. secare to cut, securis
ax, secula sickle. Cf. Scythe, Sickle, Section, Sedge.] An instrument
for cutting or dividing substances, as wood, iron, etc., consisting of
a thin blade, or plate, of steel, with a series of sharp teeth on the
edge, which remove successive portions of the material by cutting and
tearing.
NOTE: &hand; Sa w is fr equently used adjectively, or as the first
part of a compound.
Band saw, Crosscut saw, etc. See under Band, Crosscut, etc. --
Circular saw, a disk of steel with saw teeth upon its periphery, and
revolved on an arbor. -- Saw bench, a bench or table with a flat top
for for sawing, especially with a circular saw which projects above
the table. -- Saw file, a three-cornered file, such as is used for
sharpening saw teeth. -- Saw frame, the frame or sash in a sawmill, in
which the saw, or gang of saws, is held. -- Saw gate, a saw frame. --
Saw gin, the form of cotton gin invented by Eli Whitney, in which the
cotton fibers are drawn, by the teeth, of a set of revolving circular
saws, through a wire grating which is too fine for the seeds to pass.
-- Saw grass (Bot.), any one of certain cyperaceous plants having the
edges of the leaves set with minute sharp teeth, especially the
Cladium effusum of the Southern United States. Cf. Razor grass, under
Razor. -- Saw log, a log of suitable size for sawing into lumber. --
Saw mandrel, a mandrel on which a circular saw is fastened for
running. -- Saw pit, a pit over which timbor is sawed by two men, one
standing below the timber and the other above. Mortimer. -- Saw
sharpener (Zo\'94l.), the great titmouse; -- so named from its harsh
call note. [Prov. Eng.] -- Saw whetter (Zo\'94l.), the marsh titmouse
(Parus palustris); -- so named from its call note. [Prov. Eng.] --
Scroll saw, a ribbon of steel with saw teeth upon one edge, stretched
in a frame and adapted for sawing curved outlines; also, a machine in
which such a saw is worked by foot or power.
Saw
Saw (?), v. t. [imp. Sawed (?); p. p. Sawed OR Sawn (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Sawing.]
1. To cut with a saw; to separate with a saw; as, to saw timber or
marble.
2. To form by cutting with a saw; as, to saw boards or planks, that
is, to saw logs or timber into boards or planks; to saw shingles; to
saw out a panel.
3. Also used figuratively; as, to saw the air.
Saw
Saw, v. i.
1. To use a saw; to practice sawing; as, a man saws well.
2. To cut, as a saw; as, the saw or mill saws fast.
3. To be cut with a saw; as, the timber saws smoothly.
Sawarra nut
Sa*war"ra nut` (?). See Souari nut.
Sawbelly
Saw"bel`ly (?), n. The alewife. [Local, U.S.]
Sawbill
Saw"bill` (?), n. The merganser. [Prov. Eng.]
Sawbones
Saw"bones` (?), n. A nickname for a surgeon.
Sawbuck
Saw"buck` (?), n. A sawhorse. <-- 2. A ten-dollar bill [Colloq., from
the Roman X for ten]. double sawbuck, a twenty-dollar bill -->
SAwceflem
SAw"ce*flem (?), a. See Sauseflem. [Obs.]
Sawder
Saw"der (?), n. A corrupt spelling and pronunciation of solder. Soft
sawder, seductive praise; flattery; blarney. [Slang]
Sawdust
Saw"dust` (?), n. Dust or small fragments of wood 9or of stone, etc.)
made by the cutting of a saw.
Sawfish
Saw"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of
elasmobranch fishes of the genus Pristis. They have a sharklike form,
but are more nearly allied to the rays. The flattened and much
elongated snout has a row of stout toothlike structures inserted along
each edge, forming a sawlike organ with which it mutilates or kills
its prey.
Sawfly
Saw"fly` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
hymenopterous insects belonging to the family Tenthredinid\'91. The
female usually has an ovipositor containing a pair of sawlike organs
with which she makes incisions in the leaves or stems of plants in
which to lay the eggs. The larv\'91 resemble those of Lepidoptera.
Sawhorse
Saw"horse` (?), n. A kind of rack, shaped like a double St. Andrew's
cross, on which sticks of wood are laid for sawing by hand; -- called
also buck, and sawbuck.
Sawmill
Saw"mill` (?), n. A mill for sawing, especially one for sawing timber
or lumber.
Sawneb
Saw"neb` (?), n. A merganser. [Prov. Eng.]
Saw palmetto
Saw" pal*met"to. See under Palmetto.
Saw-set
Saw"-set` (?), n. An instrument used to set or turn the teeth of a saw
a little sidewise, that they may make a kerf somewhat wider than the
thickness of the blade, to prevent friction; -- called also saw-wrest.
Sawtooth
Saw"tooth` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An arctic seal (Lobodon carcinophaga),
having the molars serrated; -- called also crabeating seal.
Saw-toothed
Saw"-toothed" (?), a. Having a tooth or teeth like those of a saw;
serrate.
Sawtry
Saw"try (?), n. A psaltery. [Obs.] Dryden.
saw-whet
saw"-whet` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small North American owl (Nyctale
Acadica), destitute of ear tufts and having feathered toes; -- called
also Acadian owl.
Saw-wort
Saw"-wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the composite genus Serratula;
-- so named from the serrated leaves of most of the species.
Saw-wrest
Saw"-wrest` (?), n. See Saw-set.
Sawyer
Saw"yer (?), n. [Saw + -yer, as in lawyer. Cf. Sawer.]
1. One whose occupation is to saw timber into planks or boards, or to
saw wood for fuel; a sawer.
2. A tree which has fallen into a stream so that its branches project
above the surface, rising and falling with a rocking or swaying motion
in the current. [U.S.]
3. (Zo\'94l.) The bowfin. [Local, U.S.]
Sax
Sax (?), n. [AS. seax a knife.] A kind of chopping instrument for
trimming the edges of roofing slates.
Saxatile
Sax"a*tile (?), a. [L. saxatilis, fr. saxum a rock: cf. F. saxalite.]
Of or pertaining to rocks; living among rocks; as, a saxatile plant.
Saxhorn
Sax"horn` (?), n. (Mus.) A name given to a numerous family of brass
wind instruments with valves, invented by Antoine Joseph Sax (known as
Adolphe Sax), of Belgium and Paris, and much used in military bands
and in orchestras.
Saxicava
Sax`i*ca"va (?), n.; pl. E. saxicavas (#), L. Saxicav\'91 (#). [NL.
See Saxicavous.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of marine bivalve shells of
the genus Saxicava. Some of the species are noted for their power of
boring holes in limestone and similar rocks.
Saxicavid
Sax`i*ca"vid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the saxicavas. --
n. A saxicava.
Saxicavous
Sax`i*ca"vous (?), a. [L. saxum rock + cavare to make hollow, fr.
cavus hollow: cf. F. saxicave.] (Zo\'94l.) Boring, or hollowing out,
rocks; -- said of certain mollusks which live in holes which they
burrow in rocks. See Illust. of Lithodomus.
Saxicoline
Sax*ic"o*line (?), a. [L. saxum a rock + colere to inhabit.]
(Zo\'94l.) Stone-inhabiting; pertaining to, or having the
characteristics of, the stonechats.
Saxicolous
Sax*ic"o*lous (?), a. [See Saxicoline.] (Bot.) Growing on rocks.
Saxifraga
Sax*if"ra*ga (?), n. [L., saxifrage. See Saxifrage.] (Bot.) A genus of
exogenous polypetalous plants, embracing about one hundred and eighty
species. See Saxifrage.
Saxifragaceous
Sax`i*fra*ga"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order
of plants (Saxifragace\'91) of which saxifrage is the type. The order
includes also the alum root, the hydrangeas, the mock orange, currants
and gooseberries, and many other plants.
Saxifragant
Sax*if"ra*gant (?), a. [See Saxifrage.] Breaking or destroying stones;
saxifragous. [R.] -- n. That which breaks or destroys stones. [R.]
Saxifrage
Sax"i*frage (?; 48), n. [L. saxifraga, from saxifragus stone-breaking;
saxum rock + frangere to break: cf. F. saxifrage. See Fracture, and
cf. Sassafras, Saxon.] (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Saxifraga, mostly
perennial herbs growing in crevices of rocks in mountainous regions.
Burnet saxifrage, a European umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella
Saxifraga). -- Golden saxifrage, a low half-sacculent herb
(Chrysosplenium oppositifolium) growing in rivulets in Europe; also,
C. Americanum, common in the United States. See also under Golden. --
Meadow saxifrage, or Pepper saxifrage. See under Meadow.
Saxifragous
Sax*if"ra*gous (?), a. [L. saxifragus: cf. F. saxifrage. See
Saxifrage.] Dissolving stone, especially dissolving stone in the
bladder.
Saxon
Sax"on (?), n. [l. Saxo, pl. Saxones, from the Saxon national name;
cf. AS. pl. Seaxe, Seaxan, fr. seax a knife, a short sword, a dagger
(akin to OHG. sahs, and perhaps to L. saxum rock, stone, knives being
originally made of stone); and cf. G. Sachse, pl. Sachsen. Cf.
Saxifrage.]
1. (a) One of a nation or people who formerly dwelt in the nothern
part of Germany, and who, with other Teutonic tribes, invaded and
conquered England in the fifth and sixth centuries. (b) Also used in
the sense of Anglo-Saxon. (c) A native or inhabitant of modern Saxony.
2. The language of the Saxons; Anglo-Saxon.
old Saxon, the saxon of the continent of Europe in the old form of the
language, as shown particularly in the "Heliand", a metrical narration
of the gospel history preserved in manuscripts of the 9th century.
Saxon
Sax"on, a. Of or pertaining to the Saxons, their country, or their
language. (b) Anglo-Saxon. (c) Of or pertaining to Saxony or its
inhabitants. Saxon blue (Dyeing), a deep blue liquid used in dyeing,
and obtained by dissolving indigo in concentrated sulphuric acid.
Brande & C. -- Saxon green (Dyeing), a green color produced by dyeing
with yellow upon a ground of Saxon blue.
Saxonic
Sax*on"ic (?), a. relating to the saxons or Anglo-Saxons.
Saxonism
Sax"on*ism (?), n. An idiom of the Saxon or Anglo-Saxon language. T.
Warton.
Saxonist
Sax"on*ist, n. One versed in the Saxon language.
Saxonite
Sax"on*ite (?), n. (Min.) See Mountain soap, under Mountain.
Saxophone
Sax"o*phone (?), n. [A.A.J. Sax, the inventor (see Saxhorn) + Gr.
(Mus.) A wind instrument of brass, containing a reed, and partaking of
the qualities both of a brass instrument and of a clarinet.
Sax-tuba
Sax"-tu`ba (?), n. [See Saxhorn, and Tube.] (Mus.) A powerful
instrument of brass, curved somewhat like the Roman buccina, or tuba.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1281
Say
Say (?), obs. imp. of See. Saw. Chaucer.
Say
Say (?), n. [Aphetic form of assay.]
1. Trial by sample; assay; sample; specimen; smack. [Obs.]
if those principal works of God . . . be but certain tastes and
saus, as if were, of that final benefit. Hooker.
Thy tongue some say of breeding breathes. Shak.
2. Tried quality; temper; proof. [Obs.]
he found a sword of better say. Spenser.
3. Essay; trial; attempt. [Obs.]
To give a say at, to attempt. B. Jonson.
Say
Say, v. t. To try; to assay. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Say
Say, n. [OE. saie, F. saie, fr. L. saga, equiv. to sagum, sagus, a
coarse woolen mantle; cf. Gr. Sagum.]
1. A kind of silk or satin. [Obs.]
Thou say, thou serge, nay, thou buckram lord! Shak.
2. A delicate kind of serge, or woolen cloth. [Obs.]
His garment neither was of silk nor say. Spenser.
Say
Say, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Said (?), contracted from sayed; p. pr. & vb.
n. Saying.] [OE. seggen, seyen, siggen, sayen, sayn, AS. secgan; akin
to OS. seggian, D. zeggen, LG. seggen, OHG. sag, G. sagen, Icel.
segja, Sw. s\'84ga, Dan. sige, Lith. sakyti; cf. OL. insece teil,
relate, Gr. Saga, Saw a saying.]
1. To utter or express in words; to tell; to speak; to declare; as, he
said many wise things.
Arise, and say how thou camest here. Shak.
2. To repeat; to rehearse; to recite; to pronounce; as, to say a
lesson.
Of my instruction hast thou nothing bated In what thou hadst to
say? Shak.
After which shall be said or sung the following hymn. Bk. of Com.
Prayer.
3. To announce as a decision or opinion; to state positively; to
assert; hence, to form an opinion upon; to be sure about; to be
determined in mind as to.
But what it is, hard is to say. Milton.
4. To mention or suggest as an estimate, hypothesis, or approximation;
hence, to suppose; -- in the imperative, followed sometimes by the
subjunctive; as, he had, say fifty thousand dollars; the fox had run,
say ten miles.
Say, for nonpayment that the debt should double, Is twenty hundred
kisses such a trouble? Shak.
It is said, OR They say, it is commonly reported; it is rumored;
people assert or maintain. -- That is to say, that is; in other words;
otherwise.
Say
Say, v. i. To speak; to express an opinion; to make answer; to reply.
You have said; but whether wisely or no, let the forest judge.
Shak.
To this argument we shall soon have said; for what concerns it us
to hear a husband divulge his household privacies? Milton.
Say
Say, n. [From Say, v. t.; cf. Saw a saying.] A speech; something said;
an expression of opinion; a current story; a maxim or proverb.
[Archaic or Colloq.]
He no sooner said out his say, but up rises a cunning snap.
L'Estrange.
That strange palmer's boding say, That fell so ominous and drear
Full on the object of his fear. Sir W. Scott.
Sayer
Say"er (?), n. One who says; an utterer.
Mr. Curran was something much better than a sayer of smart sayings.
Jeffrey.
Sayette
Sa*yette" (?), n. [F. Cf. Say a kind of serge.] A mixed stuff, called
also sagathy. See Sagathy.
Saying
Say"ing (?), n. That which is said; a declaration; a statement,
especially a proverbial one; an aphorism; a proverb.
Many are the sayings of the wise, In ancient and in modern books
enrolled. Milton.
Syn. -- Declaration; speech; adage; maxim; aphorism; apothegm; saw;
proverb; byword.
Sayman
Say"man (?), n. [Say sample + man.] One who assays. [Obs.]
Saymaster
Say"mas`ter (?), n. A master of assay; one who tries or proves. [Obs.]
"Great saymaster of state." D. Jonson.
Saynd
Saynd (?), obs. p. p. of Senge, to singe. Chaucer.
'Sblood
'Sblood (?), interj. An abbreviation of God's blood; -- used as an
oath. [Obs.] Shak.
Scab
Scab (?), n. [OE. scab, scabbe, shabbe; cf. AS. sc\'91b, sceabb,
scebb, Dan. & Sw. skab, and also L. scabies, tr. scabere to scratch,
akin to E. shave. See Shave, and cf. Shab, Shabby.]
1. An incrustation over a sore, wound, vesicle, or pustule, formed by
the drying up of the discharge from the diseased part.
2. The itch in man; also, the scurvy. [Colloq. or Obs.]
3. The mange, esp. when it appears on sheep. Chaucer.
4. A disease of potatoes producing pits in their surface, caused by a
minute fungus (Tiburcinia Scabies).
5. (Founding) A slight iregular protuberance which defaces the surface
of a casting, caused by the breaking away of a part of the mold.
6. A mean, dirty, paltry fellow. [Low] Shak.
7. A nickname for a workman who engages for lower wages than are fixed
by the trades unions; also, for one who takes the place of a workman
on a strike. [Cant]
Scab
Scab, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scabbing.] To
become covered with a scab; as, the wound scabbed over. <-- 2. To take
the place of a striking worker. -->
Scabbard
Scab"bard (?), n. [OE. scaubert, scauberk, OF. escaubers, escauberz,
pl., scabbards, probably of German or Scan. origin; cf. Icel.
sk\'belpr scabbard, and G. bergen to conceal. Cf. Hauberk.] The case
in which the blade of a sword, dagger, etc., is kept; a sheath.
Nor in thy scabbard sheathe that famous blade. Fairfax.
Scabbard fish (Zo\'94l.), a long, compressed, silver-colored
t\'91nioid fish (Lepidopus caudatus, OR argyreus), found on the
European coasts, and more abundantly about New Zealand, where it is
called frostfish and considered an excellent food fish.
Scabbard
Scab"bard (?), v. t. To put in a scabbard.
Scabbard plane
Scab"bard plane` (?). See Scaleboard plane, under Scaleboard.
Scabbed
Scab"bed (? OR ?), a.
1. Abounding with scabs; diseased with scabs.
2. Fig.: Mean; paltry; vile; worthless. Bacon.
Scabbedness
Scab"bed*ness (?), n. Scabbiness.
Scabbily
Scab"bi*ly (?), adv. In a scabby manner.
Scabbiness
Scab"bi*ness, n. The quality or state of being scabby.
Scabble
Scab"ble (?), v. t. See Scapple.
Scabby
Scab"by (?), a. [Compar. Scabbier (; superl. Scabbiest.]
1. Affected with scabs; full of scabs.
2. Diseased with the scab, or mange; mangy. Swift.
Scabies
Sca"bi*es (?), n. (Med.) The itch.
Scabious
Sca"bi*ous (?), a. [L. scabious, from scabies the scab: cf. F.
scabieux.] Consisting of scabs; rough; itchy; leprous; as, scabious
eruptions. Arbuthnot.
Scabious
Sca"bi*ous, n. [Cf. F. scabieuse. See Scabious, a.] (Bot.) Any plant
of the genus Scabiosa, several of the species of which are common in
Europe. They resemble the Composit\'91, and have similar heads of
flowers, but the anthers are not connected. Sweet scabious (a)
Mourning bride. (b) A daisylike plant (Erigeron annuus) having a stout
branching stem.
Scabling
Scab"ling (?), n. [See Scapple.] A fragment or chip of stone. [Written
also scabline.]
Scabredity
Sca*bred"i*ty (?), n. [L. scabredo, fr. scaber rough.] Roughness;
ruggedness. [Obs.] Burton.
Scabrous
Sca"brous (?), a. [L. scabrosus, fr. scaber rough: cf. F. scabreux.]
1. Rough to the touch, like a file; having small raised dots, scales,
or points; scabby; scurfy; scaly. Arbuthnot.
2. Fig.: Harsh; unmusical. [R.]
His verse is scabrous and hobbling. Dryden.
Scabrousness
Sca"brous*ness, n. The quality of being scabrous.
Scabwort
Scab"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Elecampane.
Scad
Scad (?), n. [Gael. & ir. sgadan a herring.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small
carangoid fish (Trachurus saurus) abundant on the European coast, and
less common on the American. The name is applied also to several
allied species. (b) The goggler; -- called also big-eyed scad. See
Goggler. (c) The friar skate. [Scot.] (d) The cigar fish, or round
robin.
Scaffold
Scaf"fold (?), n. [OF. eschafault, eschafaut, escafaut, escadafaut, F.
\'82chafaud; probably oiginally the same word as E. & F. catafalque,
It. catafafalco. See Catafalque.]
1. A temporary structure of timber, boards, etc., for various
purposes, as for supporting workmen and materials in building, for
exhibiting a spectacle upon, for holding the spectators at a show,
etc.
Pardon, gentles all, The flat, unraised spirits that have dared On
this unworthy scaffold to bring forth So great an object. Shak.
2. Specifically, a stage or elevated platform for the execution of a
criminal; as, to die on the scaffold.
That a scaffold of execution should grow a scaffold of coronation.
Sir P. Sidney.
3. (Metal.) An accumulation of adherent, partly fused material forming
a shelf, or dome-shaped obstruction, above the tuy\'8ares in a blast
furnace.
Scaffold
Scaf"fold, v. t. To furnish or uphold with a scaffold.
Scaffoldage
Scaf"fold*age (?), n. A scaffold. [R.] Shak.
Scaffolding
Scaf"fold*ing, n.
1. A scaffold; a supporting framework; as, the scaffolding of the
body. Pope.
2. Materials for building scaffolds.
Scaglia
Scagl"ia (?), n. [It. scaglia a scale, a shell, a ship of marble.] A
reddish variety of limestone.
Scagliola
Scagl*io"la (?), n. [It. scagliuola, dim. of scaglia. See Scaglia.] An
imitation of any veined and ornamental stone, as marble, formed by a
substratum of finely ground gypsum mixed with glue, the surface of
which, while soft, is variegated with splinters of marble, spar,
granite, etc., and subsequently colored and polished.
Scala
Sca"la (?), n.; pl. Scal\'91 (#). [L., a ladder.]
1. (Surg.) A machine formerly employed for reducing dislocations of
the humerus.
2. (Anat.) A term applied to any one of the three canals of the
cochlea.
Scalable
Scal"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being scaled.
Scalade, Scalado
Sca*lade" (?), Sca*la"do (?), n. (Mil.) See Escalade. Fairfax.
Scalar
Sca"lar (?), n. (Math.) In the quaternion analysis, a quantity that
has magnitude, but not direction; -- distinguished from a vector,
which has both magnitude and direction.
Scalaria
Sca*la"ri*a (?), n. [L., flight of steps.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of
numerous species of marine gastropods of the genus Scalaria, or family
Scalarid\'91, having elongated spiral turreted shells, with rounded
whorls, usually crossed by ribs or varices. The color is generally
white or pale. Called also ladder shell, and wentletrap. See
Ptenoglossa, and Wentletrap.
Scalariform
Sca*lar"i*form (?), a. [L. scalare, scalaria, staircase, ladder +
-form: cf. F. scalariforme.]
1. Resembling a ladder in form or appearance; having transverse bars
or markings like the rounds of a ladder; as, the scalariform cells and
scalariform pits in some plants.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to a scalaria.
Scalary
Sca"la*ry (?), a. [L. scalaris, fr. scale, pl. scala, staircase,
ladder.] Resembling a ladder; formed with steps. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Scalawag
Scal"a*wag (?), n. A scamp; a scapegrace. [Spelt also scallawag.]
[Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.
Scald
Scald (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scaled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scalding.] [OF.
eschalder, eschauder, escauder, F. \'82chauder, fr. L. excaldare; ex +
caldus, calidus, warm, hot. See Ex, and Calderon.]
1. To burn with hot liquid or steam; to pain or injure by contact
with, or imersion in, any hot fluid; as, to scald the hand.
Mine own tears Do scald like molten lead. Shak.
Here the blue flames of scalding brimstone fall. Cowley.
2. To expose to a boiling or violent heat over a fire, or in hot water
or other liquor; as, to scald milk or meat.
Scald
Scald, n. A burn, or injury to the skin or flesh, by some hot liquid,
or by steam.
Scald
Scald, a. [For scalled. See Scall.]
1. Affected with the scab; scaby. Shak.
2. Scurry; paltry; as, scald rhymers. [Obs.] Shak.
Scald crow (Zo\'94l.), the hooded crow. [Ireland] -- Scald head
(Med.), a name popularly given to several diseases of the scalp
characterized by pustules (the dried discharge of which forms scales)
and by falling out of the hair.
Scald
Scald, n. Scurf on the head. See Scall. Spenser.
Scald
Scald (? OR ?; 277), n. [Icel. sk\'beld.] One of the ancient
Scandinavian poets and historiographers; a reciter and singer of
heroic poems, etc., among the Norsemen; more rarely, a bard of any of
the ancient Teutonic tribes. [Written also skald.]
A war song such as was of yore chanted on the field of battle by
the scalds of the yet heathen Saxons. Sir W. Scott.
Scalder
Scald"er (?), n. A Scandinavian poet; a scald.
Scaldfish
Scald"fish` (?), n. [Scald, a. + fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A European flounder
(Arnoglosus laterna, or Psetta arnoglossa); -- called also megrin, and
smooth sole.
Scaldic
Scald"ic (? OR ?), a. Of or pertaining to the scalds of the Norsemen;
as, scaldic poetry.
Scale
Scale (?), n. [AS. sc\'bele; perhaps influenced by the kindred Icel.
sk\'bel balance, dish, akin also to D. schaal a scale, bowl, shell, G.
schale, OHG. sc\'bela, Dan. skaal drinking cup, bowl, dish, and perh.
to E. scale of a fish. Cf. Scale of a fish, Skull the brain case.]
1. The dish of a balance; hence, the balance itself; an instrument or
machine for weighing; as, to turn the scale; -- chiefly used in the
plural when applied to the whole instrument or apparatus for weighing.
Also used figuratively.
Long time in even scale The battle hung. Milton.
The scales are turned; her kindness weighs no more Now than my
vows. Waller.
2. (Astron.) The sign or constellation Libra.
Platform scale. See under Platform. <-- tip the scales, influence an
action so as to change an outcome from one likely result to another.
-->
Scale
Scale, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaling.] To
weigh or measure according to a scale; to measure; also, to grade or
vary according to a scale or system.
Scaling his present bearing with his past. Shak.
To scale, OR scale down, a debt, wages, etc., to reduce a debt, etc.,
according to a fixed ratio or scale. [U.S.]
Scale
Scale, n. [Cf. AS. scealu, scalu, a shell, parings; akin to D. schaal,
G. schale, OHG. scala, Dan. & Sw. skal a shell, Dan. ski\'91l a fish
scale, Goth. skalja tile, and E. shale, shell, and perhaps also to
scale of a balance; butperhaps rather fr. OF. escale, escaile, F.
\'82caille scale of a fish, and \'82cale shell of beans, pease, egs,
nuts, of German origin, and akin to Goth. skalja, G. schale. See
Shale.]
1. (Anat.) One of the small, thin, membranous, bony or horny pieces
which form the covering of many fishes and reptiles, and some mammals,
belonging to the dermal part of the skeleton, or dermoskeleton. See
Cycloid, Ctenoid, and Ganoid.
Fish that, with their fins and shining scales, Glide under the
green wave. Milton.
2. Hence, any layer or leaf of metal or other material, resembling in
size and thinness the scale of a fish; as, a scale of iron, of bone,
etc.
3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the small scalelike structures covering parts of
some invertebrates, as those on the wings of Lepidoptera and on the
body of Thysanura; the elytra of certain annelids. See Lepidoptera.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A scale insect. (See below.)
5. (Bot.) A small appendage like a rudimentary leaf, resembling the
scales of a fish in form, and often in arrangement; as, the scale of a
bud, of a pine cone, and the like. The name is also given to the chaff
on the stems of ferns.
6. The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a pocketknife. See
Illust. of Pocketknife.
7. An incrustation deposit on the inside of a vessel in which water is
heated, as a steam boiler.
8. (Metal.) The thin oxide which forms on the surface of iron
forgings. It consists esentially of the magnetic oxide, Fe3O4. Also, a
similar coating upon other metals.
Covering scale (Zo\'94l.), a hydrophyllium. -- Ganoid scale (Zo\'94l.)
See under Ganoid. -- Scale armor (Mil.), armor made of small metallic
scales overlapping, and fastened upon leather or cloth. -- Scale
beetle (Zo\'94l.), the tiger beetle. -- Scale carp (Zo\'94l.), a carp
having normal scales. -- Scale insect (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous
species of small hemipterous insects belonging to the family
Coccid\'91, in which the females, when adult, become more or less
scalelike in form. They are found upon the leaves and twigs of various
trees and shrubs, and often do great damage to fruit trees. See Orange
scale,under Orange. -- Scale moss (Bot.), any leafy-stemmed moss of
the order Hepatic\'91; -- so called from the small imbricated
scalelike leaves of most of the species. See Hepatica, 2, and
Jungermannia.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1282
Scale
Scale (?), v. t.
1. To strip or clear of scale or scales; as, to scale a fish; to scale
the inside of a boiler.
2. To take off in thin layers or scales, as tartar from the teeth; to
pare off, as a surface. "If all the mountaines were scaled, and the
earth made even." T. Burnet.
3. To scatter; to spread. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
4. (Gun.) To clean, as the inside of a cannon, by the explosion of a
small quantity of powder. Totten.
Scale
Scale, v. i.
1. To separate and come off in thin layers or lamin\'91; as, some
sandstone scales by exposure.
Those that cast their shell are the lobster and crab; the old skins
are found, but the old shells never; so it is likely that they
scale off. Bacon.
2. To separate; to scatter. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Scale
Scale, n. [L. scalae, pl., scala staircase, ladder; akin to scandere
to climb. See Scan; cf. Escalade.]
1. A ladder; a series of steps; a means of ascending. [Obs.]
2. Hence, anything graduated, especially when employed as a measure or
rule, or marked by lines at regular intervals. Specifically: (a) A
mathematical instrument, consisting of a slip of wood, ivory, or
metal, with one or more sets of spaces graduated and numbered on its
surface, for measuring or laying off distances, etc., as in drawing,
plotting, and the like. See Gunter's scale. (b) A series of spaces
marked by lines, and representing proportionately larger distances;
as, a scale of miles, yards, feet, etc., for a map or plan. (c) A
basis for a numeral system; as, the decimal scale; the binary scale,
etc. (d) (Mus.) The graduated series of all the tones, ascending or
descending, from the keynote to its octave; -- called also the gamut.
It may be repeated through any number of octaves. See Chromatic scale,
Diatonic scale, Major scale, and Minor scale, under Chromatic,
Diatonic, Major, and Minor.
3. Gradation; succession of ascending and descending steps and
degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order; as,
a scale of being.
There is a certain scale of duties . . . which for want of studying
in right order, all the world is in confusion. Milton.
4. Relative dimensions, without difference in proportion of parts;
size or degree of the parts or components in any complex thing,
compared with other like things; especially, the relative proportion
of the linear dimensions of the parts of a drawing, map, model, etc.,
to the dimensions of the corresponding parts of the object that is
represented; as, a map on a scale of an inch to a mile.
Scale of chords, a graduated scale on which are given the lengths of
the chords of arcs from 0° to 90° in a circle of given radius, -- used
in measuring given angles and in plotting angles of given numbers of
degrees.
Scale
Scale, v. t. [Cf. It. scalare, fr. L. scale, scala. See Scale a
ladder.] To climb by a ladder, or as if by a ladder; to ascend by
steps or by climbing; to clamber up; as, to scale the wall of a fort.
Oft have I scaled the craggy oak. Spenser.
Scale
Scale, v. i. To lead up by steps; to ascend. [Obs.]
Satan from hence, now on the lower stair, That scaled by steps of
gold to heaven-gate, Looks down with wonder. Milton.
Scaleback
Scale"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of marine
annelids of the family Polynoid\'91, and allies, which have two rows
of scales, or elytra, along the back. See Illust. under Ch\'91topoda.
Scalebeam
Scale"beam` (?), n.
1. The lever or beam of a balance; the lever of a platform scale, to
which the poise for weighing is applied.
2. A weighing apparatus with a sliding weight, resembling a steelyard.
Scaleboard
Scale"board` (?; commonly , n. [3d scale + board.]
1. (Print.) A thin slip of wood used to justify a page. [Obs.] Crabb.
2. A thin veneer of leaf of wood used for covering the surface of
articles of firniture, and the like.
Scaleboard plane, a plane for cutting from a board a wide shaving
forming a scaleboard.
Scaled
Scaled (?), a.
1. Covered with scales, or scalelike structures; -- said of a fish, a
reptile, a moth, etc.
2. Without scales, or with the scales removed; as, scaled herring.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Having feathers which in form, color, or arrangement
somewhat resemble scales; as, the scaled dove.
Scaled dove (Zo\'94l.), any American dove of the genus Scardafella.
Its colored feather tips resemble scales.
Scaleless
Scale"less (?), a. Destitute of scales.
Scalene
Sca*lene" (?), a. [L. scalenus, Gr. scal\'8ane.]
1. (Geom.) (a) Having the sides and angles unequal; -- said of a
triangle. (b) Having the axis inclined to the base, as a cone.
2. (Anat.) (a) Designating several triangular muscles called scalene
muscles. (b) Of or pertaining to the scalene muscles.
Scalene muscles (Anat.), a group of muscles, usually three on each
side in man, extending from the cervical vertebr\'91 to the first and
second ribs.
Scalene
Sca*lene", n. (Geom.) A triangle having its sides and angles unequal.
Scalenohedral
Sca*le`no*he"dral (?), a. (Crystallog.) Of or pertaining to a
scalenohedron.
Scalenohedron
Sca*le`no*he"dron (?), n. [Gr. (Crystallog.) A pyramidal form under
the rhombohedral system, inclosed by twelve faces, each a scalene
triangle.
Scaler
Scal"er (?), n. One who, or that which, scales; specifically, a
dentist's instrument for removing tartar from the teeth.
Scale-winged
Scale"-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the wings covered with small
scalelike structures, as the lepidoptera; scaly-winged.
Scaliness
Scal"i*ness (?), n. The state of being scaly; roughness.
Scaling
Scal"ing (?), a.
1. Adapted for removing scales, as from a fish; as, a scaling knife;
adapted for removing scale, as from the interior of a steam boiler;
as, a scaling hammer, bar, etc.
2. Serving as an aid in clambering; as, a scaling ladder, used in
assaulting a fortified place.
Scaliola
Scal*io"la (?), n. Same as Scagliola.
Scall
Scall (?), n. [Icel. skalli a bald head. Cf. Scald, a.] A scurf or
scabby disease, especially of the scalp.
It is a dry scall, even a leprosy upon the head. Lev. xiii. 30.
Scall
Scall, a. Scabby; scurfy. [Obs.] Shak.
Scalled
Scalled (?), a. Scabby; scurfy; scall. [Obs.] "With scalled brows
black." Chaucer. Scalled head. (Med.) See Scald head, under Scald, a.
Scallion
Scal"lion (?), n. [OF. escalone, escaloingne, L. caepa Ascalonius of
Ascalon, fr. Ascalo Ascalon, a town in Palestine. Cf. Shallot.]
1. (Bot.) A kind of small onion (Allium Ascalonicum), native of
Palestine; the eschalot, or shallot.
2. Any onion which does not "bottom out," but remains with a thick
stem like a leek. Amer. Cyc.
Scallop
Scal"lop (?; 277), n. [OF. escalope a shell, probably of German or
Dutch origin, and akin to E. scale of a fish; cf. D. schelp shell. See
Scale of a fish, and cf. Escalop.] [Written also scollop.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks
of the genus Pecten and allied genera of the family Pectinid\'91. The
shell is usually radially ribbed, and the edge is therefore often
undulated in a characteristic manner. The large adductor muscle of
some the species is much used as food. One species (Vola Jacob\'91us)
occurs on the coast of Palestine, and its shell was formerly worn by
pilgrims as a mark that they had been to the Holy Land. Called also
fan shell. See Pecten, 2.
NOTE: &hand; The common edible scallop of the Eastern United States
is Pecten irradians; the large sea scallop, also used as food, is
P. Clontonius, or tenuicostastus.
2. One of series of segments of circles joined at their extremities,
forming a border like the edge or surface of a scallop shell.
3. One of the shells of a scallop; also, a dish resembling a scallop
shell.
Scallop
Scal"lop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scalloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scalloping.]
1. To mark or cut the edge or border of into segments of circles, like
the edge or surface of a scallop shell. See Scallop, n., 2.
2. (Cookery) To bake in scallop shells or dishes; to prepare with
crumbs of bread or cracker, and bake. See Scalloped oysters, below.
Scalloped
Scal"loped (?), a.
1. Furnished with a scallop; made or done with or in a scallop.
2. Having the edge or border cut or marked with segments of circles.
See Scallop, n., 2.
3. (Cookery) Baked in a scallop; cooked with crumbs.
Scalloped oysters (Cookery), opened oysters baked in a deep dish with
alternate layers of bread or cracker crumbs, seasoned with pepper,
nutmeg, and butter. This was at first done in scallop shells.
Scalloper
Scal"lop*er (?), n. One who fishes for scallops.
Scalloping
Scal"lop*ing, n. Fishing for scallops.
Scalp
Scalp (?), n. [Cf. Scallop.] A bed of oysters or mussels. [Scot.]
Scalp
Scalp, n. [Perhaps akin to D. schelp shell. Cf. Scallop.]
1. That part of the integument of the head which is usually covered
with hair.
By the bare scalp of Robin Hodd's fat friar, This fellow were a
king for our wild faction! Shak.
2. A part of the skin of the head, with the hair attached, cut or torn
off from an enemy by the Indian warriors of North America, as a token
of victory.
3. Fig.: The top; the summit. Macaulay.
Scalp lock, a long tuft of hair left on the crown of the head by the
warriors of some tribes of American Indians.
Scalp
Scalp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scalped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scalping.]
1. To deprive of the scalp; to cut or tear the scalp from the head of.
2. (Surg.) To remove the skin of.
We must scalp the whole lid [of the eye]. J. S. Wells.
3. (Milling.) To brush the hairs of fuzz from, as wheat grains, in the
process of high milling. Knight.
Scalp
Scalp, v. i. To make a small, quick profit by slight fluctuations of
the market; -- said of brokers who operate in this way on their own
account. [Cant]
Scalpel
Scal"pel (?), n. [L scalpellum, dim. of scalprum a knife, akin to
scalpere to cut, carve, scrape: cf. F. scalpel.] (Surg.) A small knife
with a thin, keen blade, -- used by surgeons, and in dissecting.
Scalper
Scalper (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, scalps.
2. (Surg.) Same as Scalping iron, under Scalping.
3. A broker who, dealing on his own account, tries to get a small and
quick profit from slight fluctuations of the market. [Cant]
4. A person who buys and sells the unused parts of railroad tickets.
[Cant]
Scalping
Scalp"ing (?), a. & n. from Scalp. Scalping iron (Surg.), an
instrument used in scraping foul and carious bones; a raspatory. --
Scalping knife, a knife used by north American Indians in scalping.
Scalpriform
Scal"pri*form (?), a. [L. scalprum chisel, knife + -form.] (Anat.)
Shaped like a chisel; as, the scalpriform incisors of rodents.
Scaly
Scal"y (?), a.
1. Covered or abounding with scales; as, a scaly fish. "Scaly
crocodile." Milton.
2. Resembling scales, lamin\'91, or layers.
3. Mean; low; as, a scaly fellow. [Low]
4. (Bot.) Composed of scales lying over each other; as, a scaly bulb;
covered with scales; as, a scaly stem.
Scaly ant-eater (Zo\'94l.), the pangolin.
Scaly-winged
Scal"y-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Scale-winged.
Scamble
Scam"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scambling.] [Cf. OD. schampelen to deviate, to slip, schampen to go
away, escape, slip, and E. scamper, shamble.]
1. To move awkwardly; to be shuffling, irregular, or unsteady; to
sprawl; to shamble. "Some scambling shifts." Dr. H. More. "A fine old
hall, but a scambling house." Evelyn.
2. To move about pushing and jostling; to be rude and turbulent; to
scramble. "The scambling and unquiet time did push it out of . . .
question." Shak.
Scamble
Scam"ble, v. t. To mangle. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Scambler
Scam"bler (?), n. 1. One who scambles.
2. A bold intruder upon the hospitality of others; a mealtime visitor.
[Scot.]
Scambling
Scam"bling (?), adv. In a scambling manner; with turbulence and noise;
with bold intrusiveness.
Scamell, OR Scammel
Scam"ell (?), OR Scam"mel, n. (Zo\'94l.) The female bar-tailed godwit.
[Prov. Eng.]
NOTE: &hand; Wh ether th is is the scamel mentioned by Shakespeare
["Tempest," ii. 2] is not known.
Scamillus
Sca*mil"lus (?), n.; pl. Scamilli (#). [L., originally, a little
bench, dim. of scamnum bench, stool.] (Arch.) A sort of second plinth
or block, below the bases of Ionic and Corinthian columns, generally
without moldings, and of smaller size horizontally than the pedestal.
Scammoniate
Scam*mo"ni*ate (?), a. Made from scammony; as, a scammoniate aperient.
Scammony
Scam"mo*ny (?), n. [F. scammon\'82e, L. scammonia, scammonea, Gr.
1. (Bot.) A species of bindweed or Convolvulus (C. Scammonia).
2. An inspissated sap obtained from the rot of the Convolvulus
Scammonia, of a blackish gray color, a nauseous smell like that of old
cheese, and a somewhat acrid taste. It is used in medicine as a
cathartic.
Scamp
Scamp (?), n. [OF. escamper to run away, to make one's escape.
originally, one who runs away, a fugitive, a vagabond. See Scamper.] A
rascal; a swindler; a rogue. De Quincey.
Scamp
Scamp, v. t. [Cf. Scamp,n., or Scant, a., and Skimp.] To perform in a
hasty, neglectful, or imperfect manner; to do superficially. [Colloq.]
A workman is said to scamp his work when he does it in a
superficial, dishonest manner. Wedgwood.
Much of the scamping and dawdling complained of is that of men in
establishments of good repute. T. Hughes.
Scampavia
Scam`pa*vi"a (?), n. [It.] A long, low war galley used by the
Neapolitans and Sicilians in the early part of the nineteenth century.
Scamper
Scam"per (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scampered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scampering.] [OF. escamper to escape, to save one's self; L. ex from +
campus the field (sc. of battle). See Camp, and cf. Decamp, Scamp, n.,
Shamble, v. t.] To run with speed; to run or move in a quick, hurried
manner; to hasten away. Macaulay.
The lady, however, . . . could not help scampering about the room
after a mouse. S. Sharpe.
Scamper
Scam"per, n. A scampering; a hasty flight.
Scamperer
Scam"per*er (?), n. One who scampers. Tyndell.
Scampish
Scamp"ish (?), a. Of or like a scamp; knavish; as, scampish conduct.
Scan
Scan (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scanned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scanning.]
[L. scandere, scansum, to climb, to scan, akin to Skr. skand to
spring, leap: cf. F. scander. Cf. Ascend, Descend, Scale a ladder.]
1. To mount by steps; to go through with step by step. [Obs.]
Nor stayed till she the highest stage had scand. Spenser.
2. Specifically (Pros.), to go through with, as a verse, marking and
distinguishing the feet of which it is composed; to show, in reading,
the metrical structure of; to recite metrically.
3. To go over and examine point by point; to examine with care; to
look closely at or into; to scrutinize.
The actions of men in high stations are all conspicuous, and liable
to be scanned and sifted. Atterbury.
<-- 4. To examine quickly, from point to point, in search of something
specific; as, to scan an article for mention of a particular person.
5. (ELectronics) To form an image or an electronic representation of,
by passing a beam of light or electrons over, and detecting and
recording the reflected or transmitted signal. -->
Scandal
Scan"dal (?), n. [F. scandale, fr. L. scandalum, Gr. scandle, OF.
escandle. See Slander.]
1. Offense caused or experienced; reproach or reprobation called forth
by what is regarded as wrong, criminal, heinous, or flagrant:
opprobrium or disgrace.
O, what a scandal is it to our crown, That two such noble peers as
ye should jar! Shak.
[I] have brought scandal To Israel, diffidence of God, and doubt In
feeble hearts. Milton.
2. Reproachful aspersion; opprobrious censure; defamatory talk,
uttered heedlessly or maliciously.
You must not put another scandal on him. Shak.
My known virtue is from scandal free. Dryden.
3. (Equity) Anything alleged in pleading which is impertinent, and is
reproachful to any person, or which derogates from the dignity of the
court, or is contrary to good manners. Daniell. Syn. -- Defamation;
detraction; slander; calumny; opprobrium; reproach; shame; disgrace.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1283
Scandal
Scan"dal (?), v. t.
1. To treat opprobriously; to defame; to asperse; to traduce; to
slander. [R.]
I do faws on men and hug them hard And after scandal them. Shak.
2. To scandalize; to offend. [Obs.] Bp. Story. Syn. -- To defame;
traduce; reproach; slander; calumniate; asperse; vilify; disgarce.
Scandalize
Scan"dal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scandalized (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Scandalizing (.] [F. scandaliser, L. scandalizare, from Gr.
skandali`zein.]
1. To offend the feelings of the conscience of (a person) by some
action which is considered immoral or criminal; to bring shame,
disgrace, or reproach upon.
I demand who they are whom we scandalize by using harmless things.
Hooker.
the congregation looked on in silence, the better class
scandalized, and the lower orders, some laughing, others backing
the soldier or the minister, as their fancy dictated. Sir W. Scott.
2. To reproach; to libel; to defame; to slander.
To tell his tale might be interpreted into scandalizing the order.
Sir W. Scott.
Scandalous
Scan"dal*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. scandaleux.]
1. Giving offense to the conscience or moral feelings; exciting
reprobation; calling out condemnation.
Nothing scandalous or offensive unto any. Hooker.
2. Disgraceful to reputation; bringing shame or infamy; opprobrious;
as, a scandalous crime or vice.
3. Defamatory; libelous; as, a scandalous story.
Scandalously
Scan"dal*ous*ly, adv.
1. In a manner to give offense; shamefully.
His discourse at table was scandalously unbecoming the digmity of
his station. Swift.
2. With a disposition to impute immorality or wrong.
Shun their fault, who, scandalously nice, Will needs mistake an
author into vice. Pope.
Scandalousness
Scan"dal*ous*ness, n. Quality of being scandalous.
Scandalum magnatum
Scan"da*lum mag*na"tum` (?). [L., scandal of magnates.] (Law) A
defamatory speech or writing published to the injury of a person of
dignity; -- usually abbreviated scan. mag.
Scandent
Scan"dent (?), a. [L. scandens, -entis, p.pr. of scandere to climb.]
Climbing.
NOTE: &hand; Sc andent pl ants ma y climb either by twining, as the
hop, or by twisted leafstalks, as the clematis, or by tendrils, as
the passion flower, or by rootlets, as the ivy.
Scandia
Scan"di*a (?), n. [NL. See Scandium.] (Chem.) A chemical earth, the
oxide of scandium.
Scandic
Scan"dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to scandium; derived from,
or containing, scandium.
Scandinavian
Scan`di*na"vi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Scandinavia, that is,
Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. -- n. A native or inhabitant of
Scandinavia.
Scandium
Scan"di*um (?), n. [NL. So called because found in Scandinavian
minerals] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of the boron group, whose
existence was predicated under the provisional name ekaboron by means
of the periodic law, and subsequently discovered by spectrum analysis
in certain rare Scandinavian minerals (euxenite and gadolinite). It
has not yet been isolated. Symbol Sc. Atomic weight 44<-- Atomic
weight 44.96, at. no. 21; valence 3. -->
Scansion
Scan"sion (?), n. [L. scansio, fr. scandere, scansum, to climb. See
Scan.] (Pros.) The act of scanning; distinguishing the metrical feet
of a verse by emphasis, pauses, or otherwise.
Scansores
Scan*so"res (?), n.; pl. [NL., fr. L. scandere, scansum, to climb.]
(Zo\'94l.) An artifical group of birds formerly regarded as an order.
They are distributed among several orders by modern ornithologists.
NOTE: &hand; Th e to es are in pairs, two before and two behind, by
which they are enabled to cling to, and climb upon, trees, as the
woodpeckers, parrots, cuckoos, and trogons. See Illust. under Aves.
Scansorial
Scan*so"ri*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Capable of climbing; as, the
woodpecker is a scansorial bird; adapted for climbing; as, the
scansorial foot. (b) Of or pertaining to the Scansores. See Illust.
under Aves. Scansorial tail (Zo\'94l.), a tail in which the feathers
are stiff and sharp at the tip, as in the woodpeckers.
Scant
Scant (?), a. [Compar. Scanter (?); superl. Scantest.] [Icel. skamt,
neuter of skamr, skammr, short; cf. skamta to dole out, to portion.]
1. Not full, large, or plentiful; scarcely sufficient; less than is
wanted for the purpose; scanty; meager; not enough; as, a scant
allowance of provisions or water; a scant pattern of cloth for a
garment.
His sermon was scant, in all, a quarter of an hour. Ridley.
2. Sparing; parsimonious; chary.
Be somewhat scanter of your maiden presence. Shak.
Syn. -- See under Scanty.
Scant
Scant, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Scanting.]
1. To limit; to straiten; to treat illiberally; to stint; as, to scant
one in provisions; to scant ourselves in the use of necessaries.
Where man hath a great living laid together and where he is
scanted. Bacon.
I am scanted in the pleasure of dwelling on your actions. Dryden.
2. To cut short; to make small, narrow, or scanty; to curtail. "Scant
not my cups." Shak.
Scant
Scant, v. i. To fail, of become less; to scantle; as, the wind scants.
Scant
Scant, adv. In a scant manner; with difficulty; scarcely; hardly.
[Obs.] Bacon.
So weak that he was scant able to go down the stairs. Fuller.
Scant
Scant, n. Scantness; scarcity. [R.] T. Carew.
Scantily
Scant"i*ly (?), adv. In a scanty manner; not fully; not plentifully;
sparingly; parsimoniously.
His mind was very scantily stored with materials. Macaulay.
<-- scantily clad, wearing almost no clothing. -->
Scantiness
Scant"i*ness, n. Quality condition of being scanty.
Scantle
Scan"tle (?), v. i. [Dim. of scant, v.] To be deficient; to fail.
[Obs.] Drayton.
Scantle
Scan"tle (?), v. t. [OF. escanteler, eschanteler, to break into
contles; pref. es- (L. ex) + cantel, chantel, corner, side, piece.
Confused with E. scant. See Cantle.] To scant; to be niggard of; to
divide into small pieces; to cut short or down. [Obs.]
All their pay Must your discretion scantle; keep it back. J.
Webster.
Scantlet
Scant"let (?), n. [OF. eschantelet corner.] A small pattern; a small
quantity. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
Scantling
Scant"ling (?), a. [See Scant, a.] Not plentiful; small; scanty.
[Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Scantling
Scant"ling, n. [Cf. OF. eschantillon, F. \'82chantillon, a sample,
pattern, example. In some senses confused with scant insufficient. See
Scantle, v. t.]
1. A fragment; a bit; a little piece. Specifically: (a) A piece or
quantity cut for a special purpose; a sample. [Obs.]
Such as exceed not this scantling; -- to be solace to the sovereign
and harmless to the people. Bacon.
A pretty scantling of his knowledge may taken by his deferring to
be baptized so many years. Milton.
(b) A small quantity; a little bit; not much. [Obs.]
Reducing them to narrow scantlings. Jer. Taylor.
2. A piece of timber sawed or cut of a small size, as for studs,
rails, etc.
3. The dimensions of a piece of timber with regard to its breadth and
thickness; hence, the measure or dimensions of anything.
4. A rough draught; a rude sketch or outline.
5. A frame for casks to lie upon; a trestle. Knight.
Scantly
Scant"ly, adv.
1. In a scant manner; not fully or sufficiently; narrowly;
penuriously. Dryden.
2. Scarcely; hardly; barely.
Scantly they durst their feeble eyes dispread Upon that town.
Fairfax.
We hold a tourney here to-morrow morn, And there is scantly time
for half the work. Tennyson.
Scantness
Scant"ness, n. The quality or condition of being scant; narrowness;
smallness; insufficiency; scantiness. "Scantness of outward things."
Barrow.
Scanty
Scant"y (?), a. [Compar. Scantier (?); superl. Scantiest.] [From
Scant, a.]
1. Wanting amplitude or extent; narrow; small; not abundant.
his dominions were very narrow and scanty. Locke.
Now scantier limits the proud arch confine. Pope.
2. Somewhat less than is needed; insufficient; scant; as, a scanty
supply of words; a scanty supply of bread.
3. Sparing; niggardly; parsimonius.
In illustrating a point of difficulty, be not too scanty of words.
I. Watts.
Syn. -- Scant; narrow; small; poor; deficient; meager; scarce; chary;
sparing; parsimonious; penurious; niggardly; grudging.
Scape
Scape (?), n. [L. scapus shaft, stem, stalk; cf. Gr. scape. Cf.
Scepter.]
1. (Bot.) A peduncle rising from the ground or from a subterranean
stem, as in the stemless violets, the bloodroot, and the like.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The long basal joint of the antenn\'91 of an insect.
3. (Arch.) (a) The shaft of a column. (b) The apophyge of a shaft.
Scape
Scape, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Scaped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaping.]
[Aphetic form of escape.] To escape. [Obs. or Poetic.] Milton.
Out of this prison help that we may scape. Chaucer.
Scape
Scape, n.
1. An escape. [Obs.]
I spake of most disastrous chances, . . . Of hairbreadth scapes in
the imminent, deadly breach. Shak.
2. Means of escape; evasion. [Obs.] Donne.
3. A freak; a slip; a fault; an escapade. [Obs.]
Not pardoning so much as the scapes of error and ignorance. Milton.
4. Loose act of vice or lewdness. [Obs.] Shak.
Scapegallows
Scape"gal`lows (?), n. One who has narrowly escaped the gallows for
his crimes. [Colloq.] Dickens.
Scapegoat
Scape"goat` (?), n. [Scape (for escape) + goat.]
1. (Jewish Antiq.) A goat upon whose head were symbolically placed the
sins of the people, after which he was suffered to escape into the
wilderness. Lev. xvi. 10.
2. Hence, a person or thing that is made to bear blame for others.
Tennyson.
Scapegrace
Scape"grace` (?), n. A graceless, unprincipled person; one who is wild
and reckless. Beaconsfield.
Scapeless
Scape"less, a. (Bot.) Destitute of a scape.
Scapement
Scape"ment (?), n. [See Scape, v., Escapement.] Same as Escapement, 3.
Scape-wheel
Scape"-wheel` (?), n. (Horol.) the wheel in an escapement (as of a
clock or a watch) into the teeth of which the pallets play.
Scaphander
Sca*phan"der (?), n. [Gr. scaphandre.] The case, or impermeable
apparel, in which a diver can work while under water.
Scaphism
Scaph"ism (?), n. [Gr. ska`fh a trough.] An ancient mode of punishing
criminals among the Persians, by confining the victim in a trough,
with his head and limbs smeared with honey or the like, and exposed to
the sun and to insects until he died.
Scaphite
Scaph"ite (?), n. [L. scapha a boat, fr. Gr. (Paleon.) Any fossil
cephalopod shell of the genus Scaphites, belonging to the Ammonite
family and having a chambered boat-shaped shell. Scaphites are found
in the Cretaceous formation.
Scaphocephalic
Scaph`o*ce*phal"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or affected
with, scaphocephaly.
Scaphocephaly
Scaph`o*ceph"a*ly (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) A deformed condition of the
skull, in which the vault is narrow, clongated, and more or less
boat-shaped.
Scaphocerite
Scaph`o*ce"rite (?), n. [Gr. cerite.] (Zo\'94l.) A flattened plate or
scale attached to the second joint of the antenn\'91 of many
Crustacea.
Scaphognathite
Sca*phog"na*thite (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A thin leafike appendage
(the exopodite) of the second maxilla of decapod crustaceans. It
serves as a pumping organ to draw the water through the gill cavity.
Scaphoid
Scaph"oid (?; 277), a. [Gr. -oid: cf. F. scapho\'8bde.] (Anat.)
Resembling a boat in form; boat-shaped. -- n. The scaphoid bone.
Scaphoid bone (a) One of the carpal bones, which articulates with the
radius; the radiale. (b) One of the tarsal bones; the navicular bone.
See under Navicular.
Scapholunar
Scaph`o*lu"nar (?), a. [Scaphoid + lunar.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to
the scaphoid and lunar bones of the carpus. -- n. The scapholunar
bone. Scapholunar bone, a bone formed by the coalescence of the
scaphoid and lunar in the carpus of carnivora.
Scaphopda
Sca*phop"*da (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A class of
marine cephalate Mollusca having a tubular shell open at both ends, a
pointed or spadelike foot for burrowing, and many long, slender,
prehensile oral tentacles. It includes Dentalium, or the tooth shells,
and other similar shells. Called also Prosopocephala, and
Solenoconcha.
Scapiform
Sca"pi*form (?), a. (Bot.) Resembling scape, or flower stm.
Scaplite
Scap"*lite (?), n. [Gr. scapus a stem, sta-lite: cf. F. scapolite.]
(Mon.) A grayish white mineral occuring in tetragonal crystals and in
cleavable masses. It is esentially a silicate of aluminia and soda.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sc apolite gr oup in cludes sc apolite proper, or
wernerite, also meionite, dipyre, etc.
Scapple
Scap"ple (?), v. t. [Cf. OF. eskaper, eschapler, to cut, hew, LL.
scapellare. Cf. Scabble.] (a) To work roughly, or shape without
finishing, as stone before leaving the quarry. (b) To dress in any way
short of fine tooling or rubbing, as stone. Gwilt.
Scapula
Scap"u*la (?), n.; pl. L. Scapul\'91 (#), E. Scapuolas (#). [L.]
1. (Anat.) The principal bone of the shoulder girdle in mammals; the
shoulder blade.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the plates from which the arms of a crinoid
arise.
Scapular
Scap"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. scapulaire. Cf. Scapulary.] Of or
pertaining to the scapula or the shoulder Scapular arch (Anat.), the
pectoral arch. See under pectoral. -- Scapular region, OR Scapular
tract (Zo\'94l.), a definite longitudinal area over the shoulder and
along each side of the back of a bird, from which the scapular
feathers arise.
Scapular
Scap"u*lar, n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a special group of feathers which
arise from each of the scapular regions and lie along the sides of the
back.
Scapular, Scapulary
Scap"u*lar (?), Scap"u*la*ry (?), n. [F. scapulaire, LL. scapularium,
scapulare, fr. L.scapula shoulder blade.]
1. (R.C.Ch.) (a) A loose sleeveless vestment falling in front and
behind, worn by certain religious orders and devout persons. (b) The
name given to two pieces of cloth worn under the ordinary garb and
over the shoulders as an act of devotion. Addis & Arnold.
2. (Surg.) A bandage passing over the shoulder to support it, or to
retain another bandage in place.
Scapulary
Scap"u*la*ry, a. Same as Scapular, a.
Scapulary
Scap"u*la*ry, n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as 2d and 3d Scapular.
Scapulet
Scap"u*let (?), n. [Dim. of scapula.] (Zo\'94l.) A secondary mouth
fold developed at the base of each of the armlike lobes of the
manubrium of many rhizostome medus\'91. See Illustration in Appendix.
Scapulo-
Scap"u*lo- (. A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection
with, or relation to, the scapula or the shoulder; as, the
scapulo-clavicular articulation, the articulation between the scapula
and clavicle.
Scapus
Sca"pus (?), n. [L.] See 1st Scape.
Scar
Scar (?), n. [OF. escare, F. eschare an eschar, a dry slough (cf. It.
& Sp. escara), L. eschara, fr. Gr. Eschar.]
1. A mark in the skin or flesh of an animal, made by a wound or ulcer,
and remaining after the wound or ulcer is healed; a cicatrix; a mark
left by a previous injury; a blemish; a disfigurement.
This earth had the beauty of youth, . . . and not a wrinkle, scar,
or fracture on all its body. T. Burnet.
2. (Bot.) A mark left upon a stem or branch by the fall of a leaf,
leaflet, or frond, or upon a seed by the separation of its support.
See Illust. under Axillary.
Scar
Scar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarring.] To
mark with a scar or scars.
Yet I'll not shed her blood; Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than
snow. Shak.
His cheeks were deeply scarred. Macaulay.
Scar
Scar, v. i. To form a scar.
Scar
Scar, n. [Scot. scar, scaur, Icel. sker a skerry, an isolated rock in
the sea; akin to Dan. ski\'91r, Sw. sk\'84r. Cf. Skerry.] An isolated
or protruding rock; a steep, rocky eminence; a bare place on the side
of a mountain or steep bank of earth. [Written also scaur.]
O sweet and far, from cliff and scar, The horns of Elfland faintly
blowing. Tennyson.
Scar
Scar, n. [L. scarus, a kind of fish, Gr. ska`ros.] (Zo\'94l.) A marine
food fish, the scarus, or parrot fish.
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Scarab, Scarabee
Scar"ab (?), Scar"a*bee (?), n. [L. scarabeus; cf. F. scarab\'82e.]
(Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of lamellicorn beetles of the
genus Scarab\'91us, or family Scarab\'91id\'91, especially the sacred,
or Egyptian, species (Scarab\'91us sacer, and S. Egyptiorum).
Scarab\'91us
Scar`a*b\'91"us (?), n. [L.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scarab.
Scaraboid
Scar"a*boid (?), a. [Scarab + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
the family Scarab\'91id\'91, an extensive group which includes the
Egyptian scarab, the tumbleding, and many similar lamellicorn beetles.
Scaraboid
Scar"a*boid, n. (Zo\'94l.) A scaraboid beetle.
Scaramouch
Scar"a*mouch` (?), n. [F. scaramouche, It.scaramuccio, scaramuccia,
originally the name of a celebrated Italian comedian; cf. It.
scaramuccia, scaramuccio, F. escarmouche, skirmish. Cf. Skirmish.] A
personage in the old Italian comedy (derived from Spain) characterized
by great boastfulness and poltroonery; hence, a person of like
characteristics; a buffoon.
Scarce
Scarce (?), a. [Compar. Scarcer (?); superl. Scarcest.] [OE. scars,
OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of
excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-)
+ carpere. See Carpet, and cf. Excerp.]
1. Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the
demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon.
You tell him silver is scarcer now in England, and therefore risen
one fifth in value. Locke.
The scarcest of all is a Pescennius Niger on a medallion well
preserved. Addison.
2. Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); -- with of. [Obs.] "A
region scarce of prey." Milton.
3. Sparing; frugal; parsimonious; stingy. [Obs.] "Too scarce ne too
sparing." Chaucer.
To make one's self scarce, to decamp; to depart. [Slang] Syn. -- Rare;
infrequent; deficient. See Rare.
Scarce, Scarcely
Scarce, Scarce"ly, adv.
1. With difficulty; hardly; scantly; barely; but just.
With a scarce well-lighted flame. Milton.
The eldest scarcely five year was of age. Chaucer.
Slowly she sails, and scarcely stems the tides. Dryden.
He had scarcely finished, when the laborer arrived who had been
sent for my ransom. W. Irwing.
2. Frugally; penuriously. [Obs.] haucer.
Scarcement
Scarce"ment (?), n. (Arch. & Engin.) An offset where a wall or bank of
earth, etc., retreats, leaving a shelf or footing.
Scarceness, Scarcity
Scarce"ness (?), Scar"ci*ty (?), n. The quality or condition of being
scarce; smallness of quantity in proportion to the wants or demands;
deficiency; lack of plenty; short supply; penury; as, a scarcity of
grain; a great scarcity of beauties. Chaucer.
A scarcity of snow would raise a mutiny at Naples. Addison.
Praise . . . owes its value to its scarcity. Rambler.
The value of an advantage is enhanced by its scarceness. Collier.
Syn. -- Deficiency; lack; want; penury; dearth; rareness; rarity;
infrequency.
Scard
Scard (?), n. A shard or fragment. [Obs.]
Scare
Scare (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaring.]
[OE. skerren, skeren, Icel. skirra to bar, prevent, skirrask to shun ,
shrink from; or fr. OE. skerre, adj., scared, Icel. skjarr; both
perhaps akin to E. sheer to turn.] To frighten; to strike with sudden
fear; to alarm.
The noise of thy crossbow Will scare the herd, and so my shoot is
lost. Shak.
To scare away, to drive away by frightening. -- To scare up, to find
by search, as if by beating for game. [Slang] Syn. -- To alarm;
frighten; startle; affright; terrify.
Scare
Scare, n. Fright; esp., sudden fright produced by a trifling cause, or
originating in mistake. [Colloq.]
Scarecrow
Scare"crow` (?), n.
1. Anything set up to frighten crows or other birds from cornfields;
hence, anything terifying without danger.
A scarecrow set to frighten fools away. Dryden.
2. A person clad in rags and tatters.
No eye hath seen such scarecrows. I'll not march with them through
Coventry, that's flat. Shak.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The black tern. [Prov. Eng.]
Scarefire
Scare"fire` (?), n.
1. An alarm of fire. [Obs.]
2. A fire causing alarm. [Obs.] Fuller.
Scarf
Scarf (?), n. [Icel. skarfr.] A cormorant. [Scot.]
Scarf
Scarf, n.; pl. Scarfs, rarely Scarves (#). [Cf. OF. escharpe a
piligrim's scrip, or wallet (handing about the neck.), F. \'82charpe
sash, scarf; probably from OHG. scharpe pocket; also (from the French)
Dan. ski\'91rf; Sw. sk\'84rp, Prov. G. sch\'84rfe, LG. scherf, G.
sch\'84rpe; and also AS. scearf a fragment; possibly akin to E. scrip
a wallet. Cf. Scarp a scarf.] An article of dress of a light and
decorative character, worn loosely over the shoulders or about the
neck or the waist; a light shawl or handkerchief for the neck; also, a
cravat; a neckcloth.
Put on your hood and scarf. Swift.
With care about the banners, scarves, and staves. R. Browning.
Scarf
Scarf, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarfed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarfing.]
1. To throw on loosely; to put on like a scarf. "My sea-gown scarfed
about me." Shak.
2. To dress with a scarf, or as with a scarf; to cover with a loose
wrapping. Shak.
Scarf
Scarf, v. t. [Sw. skarfva to eke out, to join together, skarf a seam,
joint; cf. Dan. skarre to joint, to unite timber, Icel. skara to
clinich the planks of a boat, G. scharben to chop, to cut small.] (a)
To form a scarf on the end or edge of, as for a joint in timber, metal
rods, etc. (b) To unite, as two pieces of timber or metal, by a scarf
joint.
Scarf
Scarf (?), n. (a) In a piece which is to be united to another by a
scarf joint, the part of the end or edge that is tapered off,
rabbeted, or notched so as to be thinner than the rest of the piece.
(b) A scarf joint. Scarf joint (a) A joint made by overlapping and
bolting or locking together the ends of two pieces of timber that are
halved, notched, or cut away so that they will fit each other and form
a lengthened beam of the same size at the junction as elsewhere. (b) A
joint formed by welding, riveting, or brazing together the overlapping
scarfed ends, or edges, of metal rods, sheets, etc. -- Scarf weld. See
under Weld.
Scarfskin
Scarf"skin` (?), n. (Anat.) See Epidermis.
Scarification
Scar`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. scarificatio: cf. F. scarification.] The
act of scarifying.
Scarificator
Scar"i*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. scarificateur.] (Surg.) An
instrument, principally used in cupping, containing several lancets
moved simultaneously by a spring, for making slight incisions.
Scarifier
Scar"i*fi`er (?), n.
1. One who scarifies.
2. (Surg.) The instrument used for scarifying.
3. (Agric.) An implement for stripping and loosening the soil, without
bringing up a fresh surface.
You have your scarifiers to make the ground clean. Southey.
Scarify
Scar"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scarifying (?).] [F. scarifier, L. scarificare, scarifare, fr. Gr.
1. To scratch or cut the skin of; esp. (Med.), to make small incisions
in, by means of a lancet or scarificator, so as to draw blood from the
smaller vessels without opening a large vein.
2. (Agric.) To stir the surface soil of, as a field.
Scariose, Scarious
Sca"ri*ose (?), Sca"ri*ous (?), a. [F. scarieux, NL. scariosus. Cf.
Scary.] (Bot.) Thin, dry, membranous, and not green. Gray.
Scarlatina
Scar`la*ti"na (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. scarlatine. See Scarlet.] (Med.)
Scarlet fever. -- Scar`la*ti"nal (#), a. -- Scar*lat"i*nous (# OR #),
a.
Scarless
Scar"less (?), a. Free from scar. Drummond.
Scarlet
Scar"let (?), n. [OE. scarlat, scarlet, OF. escarlate, F. \'82carlate
(cf. Pr. escarlat, escarlata, Sp. & Pg. escarlata, It. scarlatto, LL.
scarlatum), from Per. sakirl\'bet.] A deep bright red tinged with
orange or yellow, -- of many tints and shades; a vivid or bright red
color.
2. Cloth of a scarlet color.
All her household are clothed with scarlet. Prov. xxxi. 21.
Scarlet
Scar"let, a. Of the color called scarlet; as, a scarlet cloth or
thread. Scarlet admiral (Zo\'94l.), the red admiral. See under Red. --
Scarlet bean (Bot.), a kind of bean (Phaseolus multiflorus) having
scarlet flowers; scarlet runner. -- Scarlet fever (Med.), a contagious
febrile disease characterized by inflammation of the fauces and a
scarlet rash, appearing usually on the second day, and ending in
desquamation about the sixth or seventh day. -- Scarlet fish
(Zo\'94l.), the telescope fish; -- so called from its red color. See
under Telescope. -- Scarlet ibis (Zo\'94l.) See under Ibis. -- Scarlet
maple (Bot.), the red maple. See Maple. -- Scarlet mite (Zo\'94l.),
any one of numerous species of bright red carnivorous mites found
among grass and moss, especially Thombidium holosericeum and allied
species. The young are parasitic upon spiders and insects. -- Scarlet
oak (Bot.), a species of oak (Quercus coccinea) of the United States;
-- so called from the scarlet color of its leaves in autumn. --
Scarlet runner (Bot.), the scarlet bean. -- Scarlet tanager.
(Zo\'94l.) See under Tanager.
Scarlet
Scar"let, v. t. To dye or tinge with scarlet. [R.]
The ashy paleness of my cheek Is scarleted in ruddy flakes of
wrath. Ford.
Scarmage, Scarmoge
Scar"mage (?), Scar"moge (?), n. A slight contest; a skirmish. See
Skirmish. [Obs.]
Such cruel game my scarmoges disarms. Spenser.
Scarn
Scarn (?), n. [Icel. skarn; akin to AS. scearn. Cf. Shearn.] Dung.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ray. Scarn bee (Zo\'94l.), a dung beetle.
Scaroid
Sca"roid, a. [Scarus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Scarid\'91, a family of marine fishes including the parrot fishes.
Scarp
Scarp (?), n. [OF. escharpe. See 2d Scarf.] (Her.) A band in the same
position as the bend sinister, but only half as broad as the latter.
Scarp
Scarp, n. [Aphetic form of Escarp.]
1. (Fort.) The slope of the ditch nearest the parapet; the escarp.
2. A steep descent or declivity.
Scarp
Scarp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarping.] To
cut down perpendicularly, or nearly so; as, to scarp the face of a
ditch or a rock.
From scarped cliff and quarried stone. Tennyson.
Sweep ruins from the scarped mountain. Emerson.
Scarring
Scar"ring (?), n. A scar; a mark.
We find upon the limestone rocks the scarrings of the ancient
glacier which brought the bowlder here. Tyndall.
Scarry
Scar"ry (?), a. Bearing scars or marks of wounds.
Scarry
Scar"ry, a. [See 4th Scar.] Like a scar, or rocky eminence; containing
scars. Holinshed.
Scarus
Sca"rus (?), n. [L. See Scar a kind of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A
Mediterranean food fish (Sparisoma scarus) od excellent quality and
highly valued by the Romans; -- called also parrot fish.
Scary
Sca"ry (?), n. [Prov. E. scare scraggy.] Barren land having only a
thin coat of grass. [Prov. Eng.]
Scary
Scar"y (?), a. [From Scare.]
1. Subject to sudden alarm. [Colloq.U.S.] Whittier.
2. Causing fright; alarming. [Colloq.U.S.]
Scasely
Scase"ly (?), adv. Scarcely; hardly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Robynson
(More's Utopia)
Scat
Scat (?), interj. Go away; begone; away; -- chiefly used in driving
off a cat.
Scat, Scatt
Scat, Scatt, n. [Icel. scattr.] Tribute. [R.] "Seizing scatt and
treasure." Longfellow.
Scat
Scat, n. A shower of rain. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
Scatch
Scatch (?), n. [F. escache.] A kind of bit for the bridle of a horse;
-- called also scatchmouth. Bailey.
Scatches
Scatch"es (?), n.; pl. [OF. eschaces, F. \'82chasses, fr. D. schaats a
high-heeled shoe, a skate. See Skate, for the foot.] Stilts. [Prov.
Eng.]
Scate
Scate (?), n. See Skate, for the foot.
Scatebrous
Scat"e*brous (?), a. [L. scatebra a gushing up of water, from scatere
to bubble, gush.] Abounding with springs. [Obs.]
Scath
Scath (?; 277), n. [Icel. ska\'ebi; akin to Dan. skade, Sw. skada, AS.
scea\'eba, sca\'eba, foe, injurer, OS. ska\'ebo, D. schade, schaden;
cf. Gr. Scathe, v.] Harm; damage; injury; hurt; waste; misfortune.
[Written also scathe.]
But she was somedeal deaf, and that was skathe. Chaucer.
Great mercy, sure, for to enlarge a thrall, Whose freedom shall
thee turn to greatest scath. Spenser.
Wherein Rome hath done you any scath, Let him make treble
satisfaction. Shak.
Scathe; 277, Scath
Scathe (?; 277), Scath (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scathed (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Scathing (?).] [Icel. ska\'eba; akin to AS. scea\'eban,
sce\'eb\'eban, Dan. skade, Sw. skada, D. & G. schaden, OHG. scad\'d3n,
Goth. ska\'edjan.] To do harm to; to injure; to damage; to waste; to
destroy.
As when heaven's fire Hath scathed the forest oaks or mountain
pines. Milton.
Strokes of calamity that scathe and scorch the soul. W. Irwing.
Scathful
Scath"ful (?), a. Harmful; doing damage; pernicious. Shak. --
Scath"ful*ness, n.
Scathless
Scath"less, a. Unharmed. R. L. Stevenson.
He, too, . . . is to be dismissed scathless. Sir W. Scott.
Scathly
Scath"ly, a. Injurious; scathful. [Obs.]
Scatter
Scat"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scattering.] [OE. scateren. See Shatter.]
1. To strew about; to sprinkle around; to throw down loosely; to
deposit or place here and there, esp. in an open or sparse order.
And some are scattered all the floor about. Chaucer.
Why should my muse enlarge on Libyan swains, Their scattered
cottages, and ample plains? Dryden.
Teach the glad hours to scatter, as they fly, Soft quiet, gentle
love, and endless joy. Prior.
2. To cause to separate in different directions; to reduce from a
close or compact to a loose or broken order; to dissipate; to
disperse.
Scatter and disperse the giddy Goths. Shak.
3. Hence, to frustrate, disappoint, and overthrow; as, to scatter
hopes, plans, or the like. Syn. -- To disperse; dissipate; spread;
strew.
Scatter
Scat"ter, v. i. To be dispersed or dissipated; to disperse or
separate; as, clouds scatter after a storm.
Scatter-brain
Scat"ter-brain` (?), n. A giddy or thoughtless person; one incapable
of concentration or attention. [Written also scatter-brains.]
Scatter-brained
Scat"ter-brained` (?), a. Giddy; thoughtless.
Scattered
Scat"tered (?), a.
1. Dispersed; dissipated; sprinkled, or loosely spread.
2. (Bot.) Irregular in position; having no regular order; as,
scattered leaves. -- Scat"tered*ly, adv. -- Scat"tered*ness, n.
Scattergood
Scat"ter*good` (?), n. One who wastes; a spendthrift.
Scattering
Scat"ter*ing, a. Going or falling in various directions; not united or
agregated; divided among many; as, scattering votes.
Scattering
Scat"ter*ing, n. Act of strewing about; something scattered. South.
Scatteringly
Scat"ter*ing*ly, adv. In a scattering manner; dispersedly.
Scatterling
Scat"ter*ling (?), n. [Scatter + -ling.] One who has no fixed
habitation or residence; a vagabond. [Obs.] "Foreign scatterlings."
Spenser.
Scaturient
Sca*tu"ri*ent (?), a.[L. scaturiens, p.pr. of scaturire gush out, from
scatere to bubble, gush.] Gushing forth; full to overflowing;
effusive. [R.]
A pen so scaturient and unretentive. Sir W. Scott.
Scaturiginous
Scat`u*rig"i*nous (?), a. [L. skaturiginosus, fr. scaturigo gushing
water. See Scaturient.] Abounding with springs. [Obs.]
Scaup
Scaup (?), n. [See Scalp a bed of oysters or mussels.]
1. A bed or stratum of shellfish; scalp. [Scot.]
2. (Zo\'94l.) A scaup duck. See below.
Scaup duck (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of northern ducks of
the genus Aythya, or Fuligula. The adult males are, in large part,
black. The three North American species are: the greater scaup duck
(Aythya marila, var. nearctica), called also broadbill, bluebill,
blackhead, flock duck, flocking fowl, and raft duck; the lesser scaup
duck (A. affinis), called also little bluebill, river broadbill, and
shuffler; the tufted, or ring-necked, scaup duck (A. collaris), called
also black jack, ringneck, ringbill, ringbill shuffler, etc. See
Illust. of Ring-necked, under Ring-necked. The common European scaup,
or mussel, duck (A.marila), closely resembles the American variety.
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Page 1285
Scauper
Scaup"er (?), n. [Cf. Scalper.] A tool with a semicircular edge, --
used by engravers to clear away the spaces between the lines of an
engraving. Fairholt.
Scaur
Scaur (?), n. A precipitous bank or rock; a scar.
Scavage
Scav"age (?; 48), n. [LL. scavagium, fr. AS. sce\'a0wian to lock at to
inspect. See Show.] (O.Eng. Law) A toll duty formerly exacted of
merchant strangers by mayors, sheriffs, etc., for goods shown or
offered for sale within their precincts. Cowell.
Scavenge
Scav"enge (?), v. t. To cleanse, as streets, from filth. C. Kingsley.
<-- 2. To salvage (usable items or material) from discarded or waste
material. -->
Scavenger
Scav"en*ger (?), n. [OE. scavager an officer with various duties,
orginally attending to scavage, fr. OE. & E. scavage. See Scavage,
Show, v.] A person whose employment is to clean the streets of a city,
by scraping or sweeping, and carrying off the fifth. The name is also
applied to any animal which devours refuse, carrion, or anything
injurious to health. Scavenger beetle (Zo\'94l.), any beetle which
feeds on decaying substances, as the carrion beetle. -- Scavanger crab
(Zo\'94l.), any crab which feeds on dead animals, as the spider crab.
-- Scavenger's daughter [corrupt. of Skevington's daughter], an
instrument of torture invented by Sir W. Skevington, which so
compressed the body as to force the blood to flow from nostrils. and
sometimes from the hands and feet. Am. Cyc.
Scazon
Sca"zon (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. to limp.] (Lat. Pros.) A choliamb.
Scelerat
Scel"er*at (?), n. [F. sc\'82l\'82ra from L. sceleratus, p.p. of
scelerare to pollute, from scelus, sceleris, a crime.] A villian; a
criminal. [Obs.] Cheyne.
Scelestic
Sce*les"tic (?), a. [L. scelestus, from scelus wickedness.] Evil;
wicked; atrocious. [Obs.] "Scelestic villainies." Feltham.
Scelet
Scel"et (?), n. [See Skeleton.] A mummy; a skeleton. [Obs.] olland.
Scena
Sce"na (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) (a) A scene in an opera. (b) An
accompanied dramatic recitative, interspersed with passages of melody,
or followed by a full aria. Rockstro.
Scenario
Sce*na"ri*o (?), n. [It.] A preliminary sketch of the plot, or main
incidents, of an opera.
Scenary
Scen"a*ry (?), n. [Cf. L. scenarius belonging to the stage.] Scenery.
[Obs.] Dryden.
Scene
Scene (?), n. [L. scaena, scena, Gr.
1. The structure on which a spectacle or play is exhibited; the part
of a theater in which the acting is done, with its adjuncts and
decorations; the stage.
2. The decorations and fittings of a stage, representing the place in
which the action is supposed to go on; one of the slides, or other
devices, used to give an appearance of reality to the action of a
play; as, to paint scenes; to shift the scenes; to go behind the
scenes.
3. So much of a play as passes without change of locality or time, or
important change of character; hence, a subdivision of an act; a
separate portion of a play, subordinate to the act, but differently
determined in different plays; as, an act of four scenes.
My dismal scene I needs must act alone. Shak.
4. The place, time, circumstance, etc., in which anything occurs, or
in which the action of a story, play, or the like, is laid;
surroundings amid which anything is set before the imagination; place
of occurence, exhibition, or action. "In Troy, there lies the scene."
Shak.
The world is a vast scene of strife. J. M. Mason.
5. An assemblage of objects presented to the view at once; a series of
actions and events exhibited in their connection; a spectacle; a show;
an exhibition; a view.
Through what new scenes and changes must we pass! Addison.
6. A landscape, or part of a landscape; scenery.
A sylvan scene with various greens was drawn, Shades on the sides,
and in the midst a lawn. Dryden.
7. An exhibition of passionate or strong feeling before others; often,
an artifical or affected action, or course of action, done for effect;
a theatrical display.
Probably no lover of scenes would have had very long to wait De
Quincey.
Behind the scenes, behind the scenery of a theater; out of the view of
the audience, but in sight of the actors, machinery, etc.; hence,
conversant with the hidden motives and agencies of what appears to
public view.
Scene
Scene, v. t. To exhibit as a scene; to make a scene of; to display.
[Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.
Sceneful
Scene"ful (?), a. Having much scenery. [R.]
Sceneman
Scene"man (?), n.; pl. Scenemen (. The man who manages the movable
scenes in a theater.
Scenery
Scen"er*y (?), n.
1. Assemblage of scenes; the scenes of a play; the disposition and
arrangement of the scenes in which the action of a play, poem, etc.,
is laid; representation of place of action or occurence.
2. Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as regards variety and
beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination of natural views,
as woods, hills, etc.
Never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime
and beautiful of natural scenery. W. Irving.
Sceneshifter
Scene"shift`er (?), n. One who moves the scenes in a theater; a
sceneman.
Scenic, Scenical
Scen"ic (?), Scen"ic*al (?), a. [L. scaenicus, scenicus, Gr.
sc\'82nique. See Scene.] Of or pertaining to scenery; of the nature of
scenery; theatrical.
All these situations communicate a scenical animation to the wild
romance, if treated dramatically. De Quincey.
Scenograph
Scen"o*graph (?), n. [See Scenography.] A perspective representation
or general view of an object.
Scenographic, Scenographical
Scen`o*graph"ic (?), Scen`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
sc\'82nographique, Gr. Of or pertaining to scenography; drawn in
perspective. -- Scen`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
Scenography
Sce*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [L. scenographia, Gr. sc\'82nographie.] The art
or act of representing a body on a perspective plane; also, a
representation or description of a body, in all its dimensions, as it
appears to the eye. Greenhill.
Scent
Scent (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scented; p. pr. & vb. n. Scenting.]
[Originally sent, fr. F. sentir to feel, to smell. See Sense.]
1. To perceive by the olfactory organs; to smell; as, to scent game,
as a hound does.
Methinks I scent the morning air. Shak.
2. To imbue or fill with odor; to perfume.
Balm from a silver box distilled around, Shall all bedew the roots,
and scent the sacred ground. Dryden.
Scent
Scent, v. i.
1. To have a smell. [Obs.]
Thunderbolts . . . do scent strongly of brimstone. Holland.
2. To hunt animals by means of the sense of smell.
Scent
Scent, n.
1. That which, issuing from a body, affects the olfactory organs of
animals; odor; smell; as, the scent of an orange, or of a rose; the
scent of musk.
With lavish hand diffuses scents ambrosial. prior.
2. Specifically, the odor left by an animal on the ground in passing
over it; as, dogs find or lose the scent; hence, course of pursuit;
track of discovery.
He gained the observations of innumerable ages, and traveled upon
the same scent into Ethiopia. Sir W. Temple.
3. The power of smelling; the sense of smell; as, a hound of nice
scent; to divert the scent. I. Watts.
Scentful
Scent"ful (?), a.
1. Full of scent or odor; odorous. "A scentful nosegay." W. Browne.
2. Of quick or keen smell.
The scentful osprey by the rock had fished. W. Browne.
Scentingly
Scent"ing*ly (?), adv. By scent. [R.] Fuller.
Scentless
Scent"less, a. Having no scent.
The scentless and the scented rose. Cowper.
Scepsis
Scep"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. skepsis. See Skeptic.] Skepticism;
skeptical philosophy. [R.]
Among their products were the system of Locke, the scepsis of Hume,
the critical philosophy of kant. J. martineau.
Scepter, Sceptre
Scep"ter, Scep"tre (?), n. [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft.
See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]
1. A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or
emblem of authority; a royal mace.
And the king held out Esther the golden scepter that was in his
hand. Esther v. 2.
2. Hence, royal or imperial power or authority; sovereignty; as, to
assume the scepter.
The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from
between his feet, until Shilon come. Gen. xlix. 10.
Scepter, Sceptre
Scep"ter, Scep"tre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sceptered (?) or Sceptred (p.
pr. & vb. n. Sceptering (?) or Sceptring (.] To endow with the
scepter, or emblem of authority; to invest with royal authority.
To Britain's queen the sceptered suppliant bends. Tickell.
Scepterellate
Scep`ter*el"late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a straight shaft with
whorls of spines; -- said of certain sponge spicules. See Illust.
under Spicule.
Scepterless, Sceptreless
Scep"ter*less, Scep"tre*less, a. Having no scepter; without authority;
powerless; as, a scepterless king.
Sceptic, Sceptical, Scepticism
Scep"tic (?), Scep"tic*al, Scep"ti*cism,etc. See Skeptic, Skeptical,
Skepticism, etc.
Sceptral
Scep"tral (?), a. Of or pertaining to a scepter; like a scepter.
Scern
Scern (?), v. t. To discern; to perceive. [Obs.]
Schade
Schade (?), n. Shade; shadow. [Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; En glish words now beginning with sh, like shade, were
formerly often spelled with a c between the s and h; as, schade;
schame; schape; schort, etc.
Schah
Schah (?), n. See Shah.
Schediasm
Sche"di*asm (?), n. [Gr. Cursory writing on a loose sheet. [R.]
Schedule
Sched"ule (?; in England commonly ?; 277), n. [F. c\'82dule, formerly
also spelt schedule, L. schedula, dim. of scheda, scida, a strip of
papyrus bark, a leaf of paper; akin to (or perh. from) Gr. scindere to
cleave, Gr. Schism, and cf. Cedule.] A written or printed scroll or
sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a
list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease,
a statute, etc. <-- 2. Timetable, esp. a list of times at which a
conveyance is expected to arrive or leave. 3. Program, a list of items
which will occur during an event, usu. with the expected time for each
item. 4. Agenda. --> Syn. -- Catalogue; list; inventory. see List.
Schedule
Sched"ule, v. t. To form into, or place in, a schedule.
Scheele's green
Scheele's" green` (?). [See Scheelite.] (Chem.) See under Green.
Scheelin
Scheel"in (?), n. (Chem.) Scheelium. [Obs.]
Scheelite
Scheel"ite (, n. [From C.W.Scheele, a Swedish chemist.] (Min.) Calcium
tungstate, a mineral of a white or pale yellowish color and of the
tetragonal system of crystallization.
Scheelium
Schee"li*um (?), n. [NL. From C.W.Scheele, who discovered it.] (Chem.)
The metal tungsten. [Obs.]
Scheik
Scheik (sh&emac;k OR sh&amac;k), n. See Sheik.
Schelly
Schel"ly (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The powan. [Prov. Eng.]
Schema
Sche"ma (?), n.; pl. Schemata (#), E. Schemas (#). [G. See Scheme.]
(Kantian Philos.) An outline or image universally applicable to a
general conception, under which it is likely to be presented to the
mind; as, five dots in a line are a schema of the number five; a
preceding and succeeding event are a schema of cause and effect.
Schematic
Sche*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. Gr. Of or pertaining to a scheme or a schema.
Schematism
Sche"ma*tism (?), n. [Cf. F. sch\'82matisme (cf. L. schematismos
florid speech), fr. Gr. Scheme.]
1. (Astrol.) Combination of the aspects of heavenly bodies.
2. Particular form or disposition of a thing; an exhibition in outline
of any systematic arrangement. [R.]
Schematist
Sche"ma*tist (?), n. One given to forming schemes; a projector; a
schemer. Swift.
Schematize
Sche"ma*tize (?), v. i. [Cf. F. sch\'82matiser, Gr. To form a scheme
or schemes.
Scheme
Scheme (?), n. [L. schema a rhetorical figure, a shape, figure,
manner, Gr. sah to be victorious, to endure, to hold out, AS. sige
victory, G. sieg. Cf. Epoch, Hectic, School.]
1. A combination of things connected and adjusted by design; a system.
The appearance and outward scheme of things. Locke.
Such a scheme of things as shall at once take in time and eternity.
Atterbury.
Arguments . . . sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole
scheme of moral philosophy. J. Edwards.
The Revolution came and changed his whole scheme of life. Macaulay.
2. A plan or theory something to be done; a design; a project; as, to
form a scheme.
The stoical scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our
desires, is like cuttig off our feet when we want shoes. Swift.
3. Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an outline.
To draw an exact scheme of Constantinople, or a map of France.
South.
4. (Astrol.) A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies
for any moment o at a given event.
A blue case, from which was drawn a scheme of nativity. Sir W.
Scott.
Syn. -- Plan; project; contrivance; purpose; device; plot. -- Scheme,
Plan. Scheme and plan are subordinate to design; they propose modes of
carrying our designs into effect. Scheme is the least definite of the
two, and lies more in speculation. A plan is drawn out into details
with a view to being carried into effect. As schemes are speculative,
they often prove visionary; hence the opprobrious use of the words
schemer and scheming. Plans, being more practical, are more frequently
carried into effect.
He forms the well-concerted scheme of mischief; 'T is fixed, 't is
done, and both are doomed to death. Rowe.
Artists and plans relieved my solemn hours; I founded palaces, and
planted bowers. prior.
Scheme
Scheme, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scheming.] To
make a scheme of; to plan; to design; to project; to plot.
That wickedness which schemed, and executed, his destruction. G.
Stuart.
Scheme
Scheme, v. i. To form a scheme or schemes.
Schemeful
Scheme"ful (?), a. Full of schemes or plans.
Schemer
Schem"er (?), n. One who forms schemes; a projector; esp., a plotter;
an intriguer.
Schemers and confederates in guilt. Paley.
Scheming
Schem"ing, a. Given to forming schemes; artful; intriguing. --
Schem"ing*ly, adv.
Schemist
Schem"ist, n. A schemer. [R.] Waterland.
Schene
Schene (?), n. [L. schoenus, Gr. sch\'8ane.] (Antiq.) An Egyptian or
Persian measure of length, varying from thirthy-two to sixty stadia.
Schenkbeer
Schenk"beer` (?), n. [G. schenkbier; schenken to pour out + bier beer;
-- so called because put on draught soon after it is made.] A mild
German beer.
Scherbet
Scher"bet (?), n. See Sherbet.
Scherif
Scher"if (? OR ?), n. See Sherif.
Scherzando
Scher*zan"do (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) In a playful or sportive manner.
Scherzo
Scher"zo (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A playful, humorous movement, commonly
in 3-4 measure, which often takes the place of the old minuet and trio
in a sonata or a symphony.
Schesis
Sche"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Scheme.]
1. General state or disposition of the body or mind, or of one thing
with regard to other things; habitude. [Obs.] Norris.
2. (Rhet.) A figure of speech whereby the mental habitude of an
adversary or opponent is feigned for the purpose of arguing against
him. Crabb.
Schetic, Schetical
Schet"ic (?), Schet"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. Gr. Of or pertaining to the
habit of the body; constitutional. [Obs.] Cudworth.
Schiedam
Schie*dam" (?), n. [Short for Schiedam schnapps.] Holland gin made at
Schiedam in the Netherlands.
Schiller
Schil"ler (?), n. [G., play of colors.] (Min.) The peculiar bronzelike
luster observed in certain minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar,
etc. It is due to the presence of minute inclusions in parallel
position, and in sometimes of secondary origin. Schiller spar (Min.),
an altered variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a
bronzelike luster.
Schilerization
Schi`ler*i*za"tion (, n. (Min.) The act or process of producing
schiller in a mineral mass.
Schilling
Schil"ling (?), n. [G. See Shilling.] Any one of several small German
and Dutch coins, worth from about one and a half cents to about five
cents.
Schindylesis
Schin`dy*le"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) A form of articulation
in which one bone is received into a groove or slit in another.
Schirrhus
Schir"rhus (?), n. See Scirrhus.
Schism
Schism (?), n. [OE. scisme, OF. cisme, scisme, F. schisme, L. schisma,
Gr. scindere, Skr. child, and prob. to E. shed, v.t. (which see); cf.
Rescind, Schedule, Zest.] Division or separation; specifically
(Eccl.), permanent division or separation in the Christian church;
breach of unity among people of the same religious faith; the offense
of seeking to produce division in a church without justifiable cause.
Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by truth, and
to our schisms by charity. Eikon Basilike.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1286
Greek schism (Eccl.), the separation of the Greek and Roman churches.
-- Great schism, OR Western schism (Eccl.) a schism in the church in
the latter part of the 14th century, on account of rival claimants to
the papal throne. -- Schism act (Law), an act of the English
Parliament requiring all teachers to conform to the Established
Church, -- passed in 1714, repealed in 1719.
Schisma
Schis"ma (?), n. [L., a spilt, separation, Gr. schisma. See Schism.]
(Anc. Mus.) An interval equal to half a comma.
Schismatic
Schis*mat"ic (s&icr;z*m&acr;t"&icr;k; so nearly all ortho\'89pists),
a. [L. schismaticus, Gr. schismatique.] Of or pertaining to schism;
implying schism; partaking of the nature of schism; tending to schism;
as, schismatic opinions or proposals.
Schismatic
Schis*mat"ic (?; 277), n. One who creates or takes part in schism; one
who separates from an established church or religious communion on
account of a difference of opinion. "They were popularly classed
together as canting schismatics." Macaulay. Syn. -- Heretic; partisan.
See Heretic.
Schismatical
Schis*mat"ic*al (?), a. Same as Schismatic. -- Schismat"ic*al*ly, adv.
-- Schis*mat"ic*al*ness, n.
Schismatize
Schis"ma*tize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Schismatized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Schismatizing (?).] [Cf. F. schismatiser.] To make part in schism;
to make a breach of communion in the church.
Schismless
Schism"less (?), a. Free from schism.
Schist
Schist (sh&icr;st), n. [Gr. schiste. See Schism.] (Geol.) Any
crystalline rock having a foliated structure (see Foliation) and hence
admitting of ready division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are
mica schist, and hornblendic schist, consisting chiefly of quartz with
mica or hornblende and often feldspar.
Schistaceous
Schis*ta"ceous (?), a. Of a slate color.
Schistic
Schist"ic (?), a. Schistose.
Schistose; 277, Schistous
Schis*tose" (?; 277), Schist*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. schisteux.] (Geol.)
Of or pertaining to schist; having the structure of a schist.
Schistosity
Schis*tos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. schistosit\'82.] (Geol.) The quality or
state of being schistose.
Schizo-
Schiz"o- (?). [Gr. A combining form denoting division or cleavage; as,
schizogenesis, reproduction by fission or cell division.
Schizocarp
Schiz"o*carp (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. (Bot.) A dry fruit which splits at
maturity into several closed one-seeded portions.
Schizoc\'d2le
Schiz"o*c\'d2le (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. (Anat.) See Enteroc\'d2le.
Schizoc\'d2lous
Schiz`o*c\'d2"lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or of the nature
of, a schizoc\'d2le.
Schizogenesis
Schiz`o*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Schizo- + genesis.] (Biol.) reproduction by
fission. Haeckel.
Schizognath
Schiz"og*nath (?), n. [See Schizognathous.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bird with a
schizognathous palate.
Schizognath\'91
Schi*zog"na*th\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The schizognathous
birds.
Schizognathism
Schi*zog"na*thism (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) the condition of having a
schizognathous palate.
Schizognathous
Schi*zog"na*thous (?), a. [Schize- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the
maxillo-palatine bones separate from each other and from the vomer,
which is pointed in front, as in the gulls, snipes, grouse, and many
other birds.
Schizomycetes
Schiz`o*my*ce"tes (?), n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) An order of
Schizophyta, including the so-called fission fungi, or bacteria. See
Schizophyta, in the Supplement.
Schizonemertea
Schiz`o*ne*mer"te*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Schizo-, and Nemertes.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit
along each side of the head. See Illust. in Appendix.
Schizopelmous
Schiz`o*pel"mous (?), a. [Schizo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the two
flexor tendons of the toes entirely separate, and the flexor hallicus
going to the first toe only.
Schizophyte
Schiz"o*phyte (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. (Biol.) One of a class of
vegetable organisms, in the classification of Cohn, which includes all
of the inferior forms that multiply by fission, whether they contain
chlorophyll or not.
Schizopod
Schiz"o*pod (?; 277), n. (Zo\'94l.) one of the Schizopoda. Also used
adjectively.
Schizopod; 277, Schizopodous
Schiz"o*pod (?; 277), Schi*zop"o*dous (?), a. Of or pertaining to a
schizopod, or the Schizopoda.
Schizopoda
Schi*zop"o*da (?), n. pl., [NL. See Schizo-, and -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A
division of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic
legs has a long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.
Scizorhinal
Sciz`o*rhi"nal (?), a. [Schizo- + rhinal.]
1. (Anat.) Having the nasal bones separate.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior nostrils prolonged backward in the
form of a slit.
Schlich
Schlich (?), n. [G.; akin to LG. slik mud, D. slijk, MHG. sl.]
(Metal.) The finer portion of a crushed ore, as of gold, lead, or tin,
separated by the water in certain wet processes. [Written also slich,
slick.]
Schmelze
Schmel"ze (?), n. [G. schmelz, schmelzglas.] A kind of glass of a red
or ruby color, made in Bohemia.
Schnapps
Schnapps (?), n. [G., a dram of spirits.] Holland gin. [U.S.]
Schneiderian
Schnei*de"ri*an (, a. (Anat.) Discovered or described by C. V.
Schneider, a German anatomist of the seventeenth century. Schneiderian
membrane, the mucous membrane which lines the nasal chambers; the
pituitary membrane.
Schoharie grit
Scho*har"ie grit` (?). (Geol.) The formation belonging to the middle
of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous period in the American
Devonian system; -- so called from Schoharie, in New York, where it
occurs. See the Chart of Geology.
Scholar
Schol"ar (?), n. [OE. scoler, AS. sc&omac;lere, fr. L. scholaris
belonging to a school, fr. schola a school. See School.]
1. One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under
the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a student.
I am no breeching scholar in the schools. Shak.
2. One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a learned person; one
versed in many branches, of knowledge; a person of high literary or
scientific attainments; a savant. Shak. Locke.
3. A man of books. Bacon.
4. In English universities, an undergraduate who belongs to the
foundation of a college, and receives support in part from its
revenues. Syn. -- Pupil; learner; disciple. -- Scholar, Pupil. Scholar
refers to the instruction, and pupil to the care and government, of a
teacher. A scholar is one who is under instruction; a pupil is one who
is under the immediate and personal care of an instructor; hence we
speak of a bright scholar, and an obedient pupil.
Scholarity
Scho*lar"i*ty (?), n. [OF. scholarit\'82, or LL. scholaritias.]
Scholarship. [Obs.] . Jonson.
Scholarlike
Schol"ar*like` (?), a. Scholarly. Bacon.
Scholarly
Schol"ar*ly, a. Like a scholar, or learned person; showing the
qualities of a scholar; as, a scholarly essay or critique. -- adv. In
a scholarly manner.
Scholarship
Schol"ar*ship, n.
1. The character and qualities of a scholar; attainments in science or
literature; erudition; learning.
A man of my master's . . . great scholarship. Pope.
2. Literary education. [R.]
Any other house of scholarship. Milton.
3. Maintenance for a scholar; a foundation for the support of a
student. T. Warton. Syn. -- Learning; erudition; knowledge.
Scholastic
Scho*las"tic (?), a. [L. scholasticus, Gr. scholastique, scolastique.
See School.]
1. Pertaining to, or suiting, a scholar, a school, or schools;
scholarlike; as, scholastic manners or pride; scholastic learning. Sir
K. Digby.
2. Of or pertaining to the schoolmen and divines of the Middle Ages
(see Schoolman); as, scholastic divinity or theology; scholastic
philosophy. Locke.
3. Hence, characterized by excessive subtilty, or needlessly minute
subdivisions; pedantic; formal.
Scholastic
Scho*las"tic, n.
1. One who adheres to the method or subtilties of the schools. Milton.
2. (R.C.Ch.) See the Note under Jesuit.
Scholastical
Scho*las"tic*al (?), a. & n. Scholastic.
Scholastically
Scho*las"tic*al*ly, adv. In a scholastic manner.
Scholasticism
Scho*las"ti*cism (?), n. The method or subtitles the schools of
philosophy; scholastic formality; scholastic doctrines or philosophy.
The spirit of the old scholasticism . . . spurned laborious
investigation and slow induction. J. P. Smith.
Scholia
Scho"li*a (?), n. pl. See Scholium.
Scholiast
Scho"li*ast (?), n. [Gr. scoliate. See Scholium.] A maker of scholia;
a commentator or annotator.
No . . . quotations from Talmudists and scholiasts . . . ever
marred the effect of his grave temperate discourses. Macaulay.
Scholiastic
Scho`li*as"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a scholiast, or his
pursuits. Swift.
Scholiaze
Scho"li*aze (?), v. i. [Cf. Gr. To write scholia. [Obs.] Milton.
Scholical
Schol"ic*al (?), a. [L. scholicus, Gr. School.] Scholastic. [Obs.]
ales.
Scholion
Scho"li*on (?), n. [NL.] A scholium.
A judgment which follows immediately from another is sometimes
called a corollary, or consectary . . . One which illustrates the
science where it appears, but is not an integral part of it, is a
scholion. Abp. Thomson (Laws of Thought).
Scholium
Scho"li*um (?), n.; pl. L. Scholia (#), E. Scholiums (#). [NL., fr.
Gr. School.]
1. Marginal anotation; an explanatory remark or comment; specifically,
an explanatory comment on the text of a classic author by an early
grammarian.
2. A remark or observation subjoined to a demonstration or a train of
reasoning.
Scholy
Scho"ly (?), n. A scholium. [Obs.] Hooker.
Scholy
Scho"ly (?), v. i. & t. To write scholia; to annotate. [Obs.]
School
School (?), n. [For shool a crowd; prob. confuced with school for
learning.] A shoal; a multitude; as, a school of fish.
School
School, n. [OE. scole, AS. sc, L. schola, Gr. Scheme.]
1. A place for learned intercourse and instruction; an institution for
learning; an educational establishment; a place for acquiring
knowledge and mental training; as, the school of the prophets.
Disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus. Acts xix. 9.
2. A place of primary instruction; an establishment for the
instruction of children; as, a primary school; a common school; a
grammar school.
As he sat in the school at his primer. Chaucer.
3. A session of an institution of instruction.
How now, Sir Hugh! No school to-day? Shak.
4. One of the seminaries for teaching logic, metaphysics, and
theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and which were
characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of reasoning.
At Cambridge the philosophy of Descartes was still dominant in the
schools. Macaulay.
5. The room or hall in English universities where the examinations for
degrees and honors are held.
6. An assemblage of scholars; those who attend upon instruction in a
school of any kind; a body of pupils.
What is the great community of Christians, but one of the
innumerable schools in the vast plan which God has instituted for
the education of various intelligences? Buckminster.
7. The disciples or followers of a teacher; those who hold a common
doctrine, or accept the same teachings; a sect or denomination in
philosophy, theology, science, medicine, politics, etc.
Let no man be less confident in his faith . . . by reason of any
difference in the several schools of Christians. Jer. Taylor.
8. The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by
the authority of a particular class or age; as, he was a gentleman of
the old school.
His face pale but striking, though not handsome after the schools.
A. S. Hardy.
9. Figuratively, any means of knowledge or discipline; as, the school
of experience.
Boarding school, Common school, District school, Normal school, etc.
See under Boarding, Common, District, etc. -- High school, a free
public school nearest the rank of a college. [U.S.] -- School board, a
corporation established by law in every borough or parish in England,
and elected by the burgesses or ratepayers, with the duty of providing
public school accomodation for all children in their dictrict. --
School commitee, School board, an elected commitee of citizens having
charge and care of the public schools in any district, town, or city,
and responsible control of the money appropriated for school purposes.
[U.S.] -- School days, the period in which youth are sent to school.
-- School district, a division of a town or city for establishing and
conducting schools. [U.S.] -- Sunday school, OR Sabbath school, a
school held on Sunday for study of the Bible and for religious
instruction; the pupils, or the teachers and pupils, of such a school,
collectively.
School
School, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schooled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Schooling.]
1. To train in an institution of learning; to educate at a school; to
teach.
He's gentle, never schooled, and yet learned. Shak.
2. To tutor; to chide and admonish; to reprove; to subject to
systematic disciplene; to train.
It now remains for you to school your child, And ask why God's
Anointed be reviled. Dryden.
The mother, while loving her child with the intensity of a sole
affection, had schooled herself to hope for little other return
than the waywardness of an April breeze. Hawthorne.
Schoolbook
School"book` (?), n. A book used in schools for learning lessons.
Schoolboy
School"boy` (?), n. A boy belonging to, or attending, a school.
Schooldame
School"dame` (?). n. A schoolmistress.
Schoolery
School"er*y (, n. Something taught; precepts; schooling. [Obs.]
penser.
Schoolfellow
School"fel`low (?), n. One bred at the same school; an associate in
school.
Schoolgirl
School"girl` (?), n. A girl belonging to, or attending, a school.
Schoolhouse
School"house` (?), n. A house appropriated for the use of a school or
schools, or for instruction.<-- a building used for schooling, esp.
one used as an elementary school; usu. small, and usu. constructed
specifically for that purpose. -->
Schooling
School"ing, n.
1. Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of
learning; act of teaching.
2. Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave his son a good
schooling. Sir W. Scott.
3. Compensation for instruction; price or reward paid to an instructor
for teaching pupils.
Schooling
School"ing, a. [See School a shoal.] (Zo\'94l.) Collecting or running
in schools or shoals.<-- used of fish -->
Schooling species like the herring and menhaden. G. B. Goode.
Schoolma'am
School"ma'am (?), n. A schoolmistress. [Colloq.U.S.]
Schoolmaid
School"maid` (?), n. A schoolgirl. Shak.
Schoolman
School"man` (?), n.; pl. Schoolmen (. One versed in the niceties of
academical disputation or of school divinity.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sc hoolmen we re ph ilosophers and divines of the
Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the Reformation, who
spent much time on points of nice and abstract speculation. They
were so called because they taught in the medi\'91val universities
and schools of divinity.
Schoolmaster
School"mas`ter (?), n.
1. The man who presides over and teaches a school; a male teacher of a
school.
Let the soldier be abroad if he will; he can do nothing in this
age. There is another personage abroad, -- a person less imposing,
-- in the eyes of some, perhaps, insignificant. The schoolmaster is
abroad; and I trust to him, armed with his primer, against the
soldier in full military array. Brougham.
2. One who, or that which, disciplines and directs.
The law was our schoolmaster, to bring us into Christ. Gal. iii.
24.
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Page 1287
Schoolmate
School"mate` (?), n. A pupil who attends the same school as another.
Schoolmistress
School"mis`tress (?), n. A woman who governs and teaches a school; a
female school-teacher.
Schoolroom
School"room` (?), n. A room in which pupils are taught.
Schoolship
School"ship` (?), n. A vessel employed as a nautical training school,
in which naval apprentices receive their education at the expense of
the state, and are trained for service as sailors. Also, a vessel used
as a reform school to which boys are committed by the courts to be
disciplined, and instructed as mariners.
School-teacher
School"-teach`er (?), n. One who teaches or instructs a school. --
School"-teach`ing, n.
Schoolward
School"ward (?), adv. Toward school. Chaucer.
Schooner
Schoon"er (?), n. [See the Note below. Cf. Shun.] (Naut.) Originally,
a small, sharp-built vessel, with two topsails on one or both masts
and was called a topsail schooner. About 1840, longer vesels with
three masts, fore-and-aft rigged, came into use, and since that time
vesels with four masts and even with six masts, so rigged, are built.
Schooners with more than two masts are designated three-masted
schooners, four-masted schooners, etc. See Illustration in
Appendix.<-- since early in the 20th century, almost all ocean
commerce has been conducted on motorized ships, and such sailing ships
have survived primarily as historical curiosities, or as pleasure
boats. -->
NOTE: &hand; Th e fi st sc hooner ev er constructed is said to have
between built in Gloucester, Massachusetts, about theyar 1713, by a
Captain Andrew Robinson, and to have received its name from the
following trivial circumstance: When the vessel went off the stocks
into the water, a bystander cried out,"O, how she scoons!" Robinson
replied, " A scooner let her be;" and, from that time, vessels thus
masted and rigged have gone by this name. The word scoon is
popularly used in some parts of New England to denote the act of
making stones skip along the surface of water. The Scottish scon
means the same thing. Both words are probably allied to the Icel.
skunda, skynda, to make haste, hurry, AS. scunian to avoid, shun,
Prov. E. scun. In the New England records, the word appears to have
been originally written scooner. Babson, in his "History of
Gloucester," gives the following extract from a letter written in
that place Sept. 25, 1721, by Dr. Moses Prince, brother of the Rev.
Thomas Prince, the annalist of New England: "This gentleman
(Captain Robinson) was first contriver of schooners, and built the
first of that sort about eight years since."
Schooner
Schoon"er, n. [D.] A large goblet or drinking glass, -- used for lager
beer or ale. [U.S.]
Schorl
Schorl (sh\'93rl), n. [G. sch\'94rl; cf. Sw. sk\'94rl.] (Min.) Black
tourmaline. [Written also shorl.]
Schorlaceous
Schor*la"ceous (?), a. Partaking of the nature and character of
schorl; resembling schorl.
Schorlous
Schorl"ous (?), a. Schorlaceous.
Schorly
Schorl"y> (, a. Pertaining to, or containing, schorl; as, schorly
granite.
Schottish, Schottische
Schot"tish, Schot"tische, (, n. [F. schottish, schotisch from G.
schottisch Scottish, Scotch.] A Scotch round dance in 2-4 time,
similar to the polka, only slower; also, the music for such a dance;
-- not to be confounded with the \'90cossaise.
Schreibersite
Schrei"bers*ite (?), n. [Named after Carl von Schreibers, of Vienna.]
(Min.) A mineral occurring in steel-gray flexible folia. It contains
iron, nickel, and phosphorus, and is found only in meteoric iron.
Schrode
Schrode (?), n. See Scrod.
Schwan's sheath
Schwan's" sheath` (?). [So called from Theodor Schwann, a German
anatomist of the 19th century.] (Anat.) The neurilemma.
Schwann's white substance
Schwann's white" sub"stance (?). (Anat.) The substance of the
medullary sheath.
Schwanpan
Schwan"pan` (?), n. Chinese abacus.
Schweitzerk\'84se
Schweit"zer*k\'84"se (?), n. [G. schweizerk\'84se Swiss cheese.]
Gruy\'8are cheese.
Schwenkfelder, Schwenkfeldian
Schwenk"feld`er (?), Schwenk"feld`i*an (?), n. A member of a religious
sect founded by Kaspar von Schwenkfeld, a Silesian reformer who
disagreed with Luther, especially on the deification of the body of
Christ.
Sci\'91noid
Sci*\'91"noid (?), a. [L. sci\'91na a kind of fish (fr. Gr. -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Sci\'91nid\'91, a family of marine
fishes which includes the meagre, the squeteague, and the kingfish.
Sciagraph
Sci"a*graph (?), n. [See Sciagraphy.]
1. (Arch.) An old term for a vertical section of a building; -- called
also sciagraphy. See Vertical section, under Section.
2. (Phys.) A radiograph. [Written also skiagraph.]
Sciagraphical
Sci`a*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sciagraphique, Gr. Pertaining to
sciagraphy. -- Sci`a*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
Sciagraphy
Sci*ag"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. sciagraphie.]
1. The art or science of projecting or delineating shadows as they
fall in nature. Gwilt.
2. (Arch.) Same as Siagraph.
Sciamachy
Sci*am"a*chy (?), n. See Sciomachy.
Sciatheric, Sciatherical
Sci`a*ther"ic (?), Sci`a*ther"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Belonging to a
sundial. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. -- Sci`a*ther"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.] J.
Gregory.
Sciatic
Sci*at"ic (?), a. [F. sciatique, LL. sciaticus, from L. inschiadicus,
Gr. Ischiadic.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the hip; in the region of,
or affecting, the hip; ischial; ischiatic; as, the sciatic nerve,
sciatic pains.
Sciatic
Sci*at"ic, n. [Cf. F. sciatique.] (Med.) Sciatica.
Sciatica
Sci*at"i*ca (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, an
affection characterized by paroxysmal attacks of pain in the buttock,
back of the thing, or in the leg or foot, following the course of the
branches of the sciatic nerve. The name is also popularly applied to
various painful affections of the hip and the parts adjoininhg. See
Ischiadic passion, under Ischiadic.
Sciatical
Sci*at"ic*al (?), a. (Anat.) Sciatic.
Sciaticly
Sci*at"ic*ly, adv. With, or by means of, sciatica.
Scibboleth
Scib"bo*leth (?), n. Shibboleth. [Obs.]
Science
Sci"ence (?), n. [F., fr. L. scientia, fr. sciens, -entis, p.pr. of
scire to know. Cf. Conscience, Conscious, Nice.]
1. Knowledge; lnowledge of principles and causes; ascertained truth of
facts.
If we conceive God's or science, before the creation, to be
extended to all and every part of the world, seeing everything as
it is, . . . his science or sight from all eternity lays no
necessity on anything to come to pass. Hammond.
Shakespeare's deep and accurate science in mental philosophy.
Coleridge.
2. Accumulated and established knowledge, which has been systematized
and formulated with reference to the discovery of general truths or
the operation of general laws; knowledge classified and made available
in work, life, or the search for truth; comprehensive, profound, or
philosophical knowledge.
All this new science that men lere [teach]. Chaucer.
Science is . . . a complement of cognitions, having, in point of
form, the character of logical perfection, and in point of matter,
the character of real truth. Sir W. Hamilton.
3. Especially, such knowledge when it relates to the physical world
and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and forces of matter, the
qualities and function of living tissues, etc.; -- called also natural
science, and physical science.
Voltaire hardly left a single corner of the field entirely
unexplored in science, poetry, history, philosophy. J. Morley.
4. Any branch or departament of systematized knowledge considered as a
distinct field of investigation or object of study; as, the science of
astronomy, of chemistry, or of mind.
NOTE: &hand; The ancients reckoned seven sciences, namely, grammar,
rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- the
first three being included in the Trivium, the remaining four in
the Quadrivium.
Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven, And though no
science, fairly worth the seven. Pope.
5. Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the result of knowledge of
laws and principles.
His science, coolness, and great strength. G. A. Lawrence.
NOTE: &hand; Sc ience is ap plied or pu re. Ap plied science is a
knowledge of facts, events, or phenomena, as explained, accounted
for, or produced, by means of powers, causes, or laws. Pure science
is the knowledge of these powers, causes, or laws, considered
apart, or as pure from all applications. Both these terms have a
similar and special signification when applied to the science of
quantity; as, the applied and pure mathematics. Exact science is
knowledge so systematized that prediction and verification, by
measurement, experiment, observation, etc., are possible. The
mathematical and physical sciences are called the exact sciences.
Comparative sciences, Inductive sciences. See under Comparative, and
Inductive. Syn. -- Literature; art; knowledge. -- Science, Literature,
Art. Science is literally knowledge, but more usually denotes a
systematic and orderly arrangement of knowledge. In a more distinctive
sense, science embraces those branches of knowledge of which the
subject-matter is either ultimate principles, or facts as explained by
principles or laws thus arranged in natural order. The term literature
sometimes denotes all compositions not embraced under science, but
usually confined to the belles-lettres. [See Literature.] Art is that
which depends on practice and skill in performance. "In science,
scimus ut sciamus; in art, scimus ut producamus. And, therefore,
science and art may be said to be investigations of truth; but one,
science, inquires for the sake of knowledge; the other, art, for the
sake of production; and hence science is more concerned with the
higher truths, art with the lower; and science never is engaged, as
art is, in productive application. And the most perfect state of
science, therefore, will be the most high and accurate inquiry; the
perfection of art will be the most apt and efficient system of rules;
art always throwing itself into the form of rules." Karslake.
Science
Sci"ence, v. t. To cause to become versed in science; to make skilled;
to instruct. [R.] Francis.
Scient
Sci"ent (?), a. [L. sciens, -entis, p.pr.] Knowing; skillful. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Scienter
Sci*en"ter (?), adv. [L.] (Law) Knowingly; willfully. Bouvier.
Sciential
Sci*en"tial (?), a. [LL. scientialis, fr. L. scientic.] Pertaining to,
or producing, science. [R.] Milton.
Scientific
Sci`en*tif"ic (?), a. [F. scientifique; L. scientia science + facere
to make.]
1. Of or pertaining to science; used in science; as, scientific
principles; scientific apparatus; scientific observations.
2. Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules or principles of science;
as, a scientific classification; a scientific arrangement of fossils.
3. Having a knowledge of science, or of a science; evincing science or
systematic knowledge; as, a scientific chemist; a scientific reasoner;
a scientific argument.
Bossuet is as scientific in the structure of his sentences. Lander.
Scientific method, the method employed in exact science and consisting
of: (a) Careful and abundant observation and experiment. (b)
generalization of the results into formulated "Laws" and statements.
Scientifical
Sci`en*tif"ic*al (?), a. Scientific. Locke.
Scientifically
Sci`en*tif"ic*al*ly, adv. In a scientific manner; according to the
rules or principles of science.
It is easier to believe than to be scientifically instructed.
Locke.
Scientist
Sci"en*tist (?), n. One learned in science; a scientific investigator;
one devoted to scientific study; a savant. [Recent]
NOTE: &hand; Twenty years ago I ventured to propose one [a name for
the class of men who give their lives to scientific study] which
has been slowly finding its way to general adoption; and the word
scientist, though scarcely euphonious, has gradually assumed its
place in our vocabulary.
B. A. Gould (Address, 1869). <-- MW10 gives 1834 as first ref. date.
-->
Scilicet
Scil"i*cet (?), adv. [L., fr. scire licet you may know.] To wit;
namely; videlicet; -- often abbreviated to sc., or ss.
Scillain
Scil"la*in (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside extracted from squill (Scilla)
as a light porous substance.
Scillitin
Scil"li*tin (?), n. [Cf. F. scilistine.] (Chem.) A bitter principle
extracted from the bulbs of the squill (Scilla), and probably
consisting of a complex mixture of several substances.
Scimiter, Scimitar
Scim"i*ter , Scim"i*tar (?), n. [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra, Sp.
cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarry with a sharp edge; or corrupted from
Per. shimsh\'c6r.]
1. A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex
side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians.
[Written also cimeter, and scymetar.]
2. A long-handled billhook. See Billhook.
Scimiter pods (Bot.), the immense curved woody pods of a leguminous
woody climbing plant (Entada scandens) growing in tropical India and
America. They contain hard round flattish seeds two inches in
diameter, which are made into boxes.
Scincoid
Scin"coid (?), a. [L. scincus a kind of lizard (fr. Gr. -oid. Cf.
Skink.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the family Scincid\'91, or
skinks. -- n. A scincoidian.
Scincoidea
Scin*coi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of lizards
including the skinks. See Skink.
Scincoidian
Scin*coid"i*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
lizards of the family Scincid\'91 or tribe Scincoidea. The tongue is
not extensile. The body and tail are covered with overlapping scales,
and the toes are margined. See Illust. under Skink.
Sciniph
Scin"iph (?), n. [L. scinifes, cinifes, or ciniphes, pl., Gr. Some
kind of stinging or biting insect, as a flea, a gnat, a sandly, or the
like. Ex. viii. 17 (Douay version).
Scink
Scink (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A skink.
Scink
Scink (?), n. A slunk calf. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Scintilla
Scin*til"la (?), n. [L.] A spark; the least particle; an iota; a
tittle. R. North.
Scintillant
Scin"til*lant (?), a. [L. scintillans, p.pr. of scintillare to
sparkle. See Scintillate.] Emitting sparks, or fine igneous particles;
sparkling. M. Green.
Scintillate
Scin"til*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scintillated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Scintillating.] [L. scintillare, scintillatum, from scintilla a
spark. Cf. Stencil.]
1. To emit sparks, or fine igneous particles.
As the electrical globe only scintillates when rubbed against its
cushion. Sir W. Scott.
2. To sparkle, as the fixed stars.
Scintillation
Scin`til*la"tion (?), n. [L. scintillatio: cf. F. scintillation.]
1. The act of scintillating.
2. A spark of flash emitted in scintillating.
These scintillations are . . . the inflammable effluences
discharged from the bodies collided. Sir T. Browne.
Scintillous
Scin"til*lous (?), a. Scintillant. [R.]
Scintillously
Scin"til*lous*ly, adv. In a scintillant manner. [R.]
Sciography
Sci*og"ra*phy (?), n. See Sciagraphy.
Sciolism
Sci"o*lism (?), n. [See Sciolist.] The knowledge of a sciolist;
superficial knowledge.
Sciolist
Sci"o*list (?), n. [L. sciolus. See Sciolous.] One who knows many
things superficially; a pretender to science; a smatterer.
These passages in that book were enough to humble the presumption
of our modern sciolists, if their pride were not as great as their
ignorance. Sir W. Temple.
A master were lauded and scolists shent. R. Browning.
Sciolistic
Sci`o*lis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to sciolism, or a sciolist;
partaking of sciolism; resembling a sciolist.
Sciolous
Sci"o*lous (?), a. [L. scilus, dim. of scius knowing, fr. scire to
know. See Science.] Knowing superficially or imperfectly. Howell.
Sciomachy
Sci*om"a*chy (?), n. [Gr. sciomachie, sciamachie.] A fighting with a
shadow; a mock contest; an imaginary or futile combat. [Written also
scimachy.] Cowley.
Sciomancy
Sci"o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy: cf. F. sciomance, scaimancie.]
Divination by means of shadows.
Scion
Sci"on (?), n. [OF. cion, F. scion, probably fron scier to saw, fr. L.
secare to cut. Cf. Section.]
1. (Bot.) (a) A shoot or sprout of a plant; a sucker. (b) A piece of a
slender branch or twig cut for grafting. [Formerly written also cion,
and cyon.]
2. Hence, a descendant; an heir; as, a scion of a royal stock.
Scioptic
Sci*op"tic (?), a. [Gr. scioptique. See Optic.] (Opt.) Of or
pertaining to an optical arrangement for forming images in a darkened
room, usually called scioptic ball. Scioptic ball (Opt.), the lens of
a camera obscura mounted in a wooden ball which fits a socket in a
window shutter so as to be readily turned, like the eye, to different
parts of the landscape.
Sciopticon
Sci*op"ti*con (?), n. [NL. See Scioptic.] A kind of magic lantorn.
Scioptics
Sci*op"tics (?), n. The art or process of exhibiting luminous images,
especially those of external objects, in a darkened room, by
arrangements of lenses or mirrors.
Scioptric
Sci*op"tric (?), a. (Opt.) Scioptic.
Sciot
Sci"ot (?), a. Of or pertaining to the island Scio (Chio or Chios). --
n. A native or inhabitant of Scio. [Written also Chiot.]
Sciotheric
Sci`o*ther"ic (?), a. [Cf. L. sciothericon Sciatheric.] Of or
pertaining to a sundial. Sciotheric telescope (Dialing), an instrument
consisting of a horizontal dial, with a telescope attached to it, used
for determining the time, whether of day or night.
Scious
Sci"ous (?), a. [L. scius.] Knowing; having knowledge. "Brutes may be
and are scious." Coleridge.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1288
Scire facias
Sci`re fa"ci*as (?). [L., do you cause to know.] (Law) A judicial
writ, founded upon some record, and requiring the party proceeded
against to show cause why the party bringing it should not have
advantage of such record, or (as in the case of scire facias to repeal
letters patent) why the record should not be annulled or vacated.
Wharton. Bouvier.
Scirrhoid
Scir"rhoid (?), a. [Scirhus + -oid.] Resembling scirrhus. Dungliston.
Scirrhosity
Scir*rhos"i*ty (?), n. (Med.) A morbid induration, as of a gland;
stste of being scirrhous.
Scirrhous
Scir"rhous (?), a. [NL. scirrhosus.] (Med.) Proceeding from scirrhus;
of the nature of scirrhus; indurated; knotty; as, scirrhous
affections; scirrhous disease. [Written also skirrhous.]
Scirrhus
Scir"rhus (?), n.; pl. L. Scirrhi (#), E. Scirrhuses (#). [NL., from
L. scirros, Gr. (Med.) (a) An indurated organ or part; especially, an
indurated gland. [Obs.] (b) A cancerous tumor which is hard,
translucent, of a gray or bluish color, and emits a creaking sound
when incised. [Sometimes incorrectly written schirrus; written also
skirrhus.]
Sciscitation
Scis`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L. sciscitatio, fr. sciscere to seek to know,
v. incho. from scire to know.] The act of inquiring; inquiry; demand.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Scise
Scise (?), v. i. [L. scindere, scissum, to cut, split.] To cut; to
penetrate. [Obs.]
The wicked steel scised deep in his right side. Fairfax.
Scissel
Scis"sel (?), n. [Cf. Scissile.]
1. The clippings of metals made in various mechanical operations.
2. The slips or plates of metal out of which circular balnks have been
cut for the purpose of coinage.
Scissible
Scis"si*ble (?), a. [L. scindere, scissum, to Capable of being cut or
divided by a sharp instrument. [R.] con.
Scissil
Scis"sil (?), n. See Scissel.
Scissile
Scis"sile (?), a. [L. scissilis, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, to
split: cf. F. scissile. See Schism.] Capable of being cut smoothly;
scissible. [R.] Arbuthnot.
Scission
Scis"sion (?), n. [L. scissio, fr. scindere, scis, to cut, to split:
cf. F. scission.] The act of dividing with an instrument having a
sharp edge. Wiseman.
Scissiparity
Scis`si*par"i*ty (?), n. [L. scissus (p.p. of scindere to split) +
parere to bring forth: cf.F. scissiparit\'82.] (Biol.) Reproduction by
fission.
Scissor
Scis"sor (?), v. t. To cut with scissors or shears; to prepare with
the aid of scissors. Massinger.
Scissors
Scis"sors (?), n. pl. [OE. sisoures, OF. cisoires (cf. F. ciseaux),
probably fr. LL. cisorium a cutting instrument, fr. L. caedere to cut.
Cf. Chisel, Concise. The modern spelling is due to a mistaken
derivation from L. scissor one who cleaves or divides, fr. scindere,
scissum, to cut, spilt.] A cutting instrument resembling shears, but
smaller, consisting of two cutting blades with handles, movable on a
pin in the center, by which they are held together. Often called a
pair of scissors. [Formerly written also cisors, cizars, and
scissars.] Scissors grinder (Zo\'94l.), the European goatsucker.
[Prov. Eng.]
Scissorsbill
Scis"sors*bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Skimmer.
Scissorstail
Scis"sors*tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A tyrant flycatcher (Milvulus
forficatus) of the Southern United States and Mexico, which has a
deeply forked tail. It is light gray above, white beneath, salmon on
the flanks, and fiery red at the base of the crown feathers.
Scissors-tailed
Scis"sors-tailed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the outer feathers much
the longest, the others decreasing regularly to the median ones.
Scissure
Scis"sure (?), n. [L. scissura, from scindere, scissum, to cut,
spilt.] A longitudinal opening in a body, made by cutting; a cleft; a
fissure. Hammond.
Scitamineous
Scit`a*min"e*ous (?; 277), a. [NL. sciamineosus, fr. Scitamineze, fr.
L. scitamentum a delicacy, dainty.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a
natural order of plants (Scitamime\'91), mostly tropical herbs,
including the ginger, Indian shot, banana, and the plants producing
turmeric and arrowroot.
Sciurine
Sci"u*rine (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. sciurien. See Sciurus.] (Zo\'94l.) Of
or pertaining to the Squirrel family. -- n. A rodent of the Squirrel
family.
Sciuroid
Sci"u*roid (?), a. [Sciurus + -oid.] (Bot.) Resembling the tail of a
squirrel; -- generally said of branches which are close and dense, or
of spikes of grass like barley.
Sciuromorpha
Sci`u*ro*mor"pha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. sciurus squirrel + Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) A tribe of rodents containing the squirrels and allied
animals, such as the gophers, woodchucks, beavers, and others.
Sciurus
Sci*u"rus (?), n. [L., a squirrel, Gr. Squirrel.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus
of reodents comprising the common squirrels.
Sclaundre
Sclaun"dre (?), n. Slander. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sclav, Sclave
Sclav (?), Sclave, n. Same as Slav.
Sclavic
Sclav"ic (?), a. Same as Slavic.
Sclavism
Sclav"ism (?), n. Same as Slavism.
Sclavonian
Scla*vo"nian (?), a. & n. Same as Slavonian.
Sclavonic
Scla*von"ic (?), a. Same as Slavonic.
Sclender
Sclen"der (?), a. Slender. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Scleragogy
Scler"a*go`gy (?), n. [Gr. Severe discipline. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.
Sclerema
Scle*re"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Induration of the cellular
tissue. Sclerema of adults. See Scleroderma. -- Sclerema neonatorum (
[NL., of the newborn], an affection characterized by a peculiar
hardening and rigidity of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues in
the newly born. It is usually fatal. Called also skinbound disease.
Sclerenchyma
Scle*ren"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. -enchyma as in parenchyma.]
1. (Bot.) Vegetable tissue composed of short cells with thickened or
hardened walls, as in nutshells and the gritty parts of a pear. See
Sclerotic.
NOTE: &hand; By re cent ge rman wr iters an d th eir En glish
translation, this term is used for liber cells.
Goodale.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The hard calcareous deposit in the tissues of Anthozoa,
constituing the stony corals.
Sclerenchymatous
Scler`en*chym"a*tous (?), a. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or
composed of, sclerenchyma.
Sclerenchyme
Scle*ren"chyme (?), n. Sclerenchyma.
Scleriasis
Scle*ri"a*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. gr. (Med.) (a) A morbid induration of
the edge of the eyelid. (b) Induration of any part, including
scleroderma.
Sclerite
Scle"rite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A hard chitinous or calcareous process or
corpuscle, especially a spicule of the Alcyonaria.
Scleritis
Scle*ri"tis (?), n. [NL.] See Sclerottis.
Sclerobase
Scler"o*base (? OR ?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The calcareous or hornlike
coral forming the central stem or axis of most compound alcyonarians;
-- called also foot secretion. See Illust. under Gorgoniacea, and
C\'d2nenchyma. -- Scler`o*ba"sic (#), a.
Scleroderm
Scler"o*derm (? OR ?; 277), n. [Gr. scl\'82roderme.] (a) (Zo\'94l.)
One of a tribe of plectognath fishes (Sclerodermi) having the skin
covered with hard scales, or plates, as the cowfish and the trunkfish.
(b) One of the Sclerodermata. (c) Hardened, or bony, integument of
various animals.
Scleroderma
Scler`o*der"ma (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) A disease of adults, characterized
by a diffuse rigidity and hardness of the skin.
Sclerodermata
Scler`o*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The stony corals; the
Madreporaria.
Sclerodermic, Sclerodermous
Scler`o*der"mic (?), Scler`o*der"mous (?), (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having the
integument, or skin, hard, or covered with hard plates. (b) Of or
pertaining to the Sclerodermata.
Sclerodermite
Scler`o*der"mite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The hard integument of
Crustacea. (b) Sclerenchyma.
Sclerogen
Scler"o*gen (? OR ?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -gen.] (Bot.) The
thickening matter of woody cells; lignin.
Scleregenous
Scle*reg"e*nous (?), a. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -genous.] (Anat.) Making
or secreting a hard substance; becoming hard.
Scleroid
Scle"roid (?), a. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + (Bot.) Having a hard texture,
as nutshells.
Scleroma
Scle*ro"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. sklhro`s hard + -oma.] (Med.)
Induration of the tissues. See Sclerma, Scleroderma, and Sclerosis.
Sclerometer
Scle*rom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -meter.] An instrument for
determining with accuracy the degree of hardness of a mineral.
Sclerosed
Scle*rosed" (?), a. Affected with sclerosis.
Sclerosis
Scle*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (sklhro`s hard.]
1. (Med.) Induration; hardening; especially, that form of induration
produced in an organ by increase of its interstitial connective
tissue.
2. (Bot.) Hardening of the cell wall by lignification.
Cerebro-spinal sclerosis (Med.), an affection in which patches of
hardening, produced by increase of the neuroglia and atrophy of the
true nerve tissue, are found scattered throughout the brain and spinal
cord. It is associated with complete or partial paralysis, a peculiar
jerking tremor of the muscles, headache, and vertigo, and is usually
fatal. Called also multiple, disseminated, OR insular, sclerosis.<--
now only multiple sclerosis, MS -->
Sclereskeleton
Scle`re*skel"e*ton (?), n. [Gr. skeleton.] (Anat.) That part of the
skeleton which is developed in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses.
Scerotal
Sce*ro"tal (?), a. (Anat.) Sclerotic. -- n. The optic capsule; the
sclerotic coat of the eye. Owen.
Sclerotic
Scle*rot"ic (?), a. [Gr. scl\'82rotique.]
1. Hard; firm; indurated; -- applied especially in anatomy to the firm
outer coat of the eyeball, which is often cartilaginous and sometimes
bony.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sclerotic coat of the eye;
sclerotical.
3. (Med.) Affected with sclerosis; sclerosed.
Sclerotic parenchyma (Bot.), sclerenchyma. By some writers a
distinction is made, sclerotic parenchyma being applied to tissue
composed of cells with the walls hardened but not thickened, and
sclerenchyma to tissue composed of cells with the walls both hardened
and thickened.
Sclerotic
Scle*rot"ic, n. [Cf. F. scl\'82rotique.] (Anat.) The sclerotic coat of
the eye. See Illust. of Eye (d).
Sclerotic
Scle*rot"ic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid
obtained from ergot or the sclerotium of a fungus growing on rye.
Sclerotical
Scle*rot"ic*al (?), a. (Anat.) Sclerotic.
Sclerotitis
Scler`o*ti"tis (?), n. [NL. See Sclerotic, and -rris.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the sclerotic coat.
Sclerotium
Scle*ro"ti*um (?), n.; pl. Sclerotia (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Bot.) A hardened body formed by certain fungi, as by the Claviceps
purpurea, which produced ergot.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The nature or resting stage of a plasmodium.
Sclerotome
Scler"o*tome (? OR ?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the bony,
cartilaginous, or membranous partitoins which separate the myotomes.
-- Scler`o*tom"ic (#), a.
Sclerous
Scle"rous (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Hard; indurated; sclerotic.
Scoat
Scoat (?), v. t. To prop; to scotch. [Prov. Eng.]
Scobby
Scob"by (?), n. The chaffinch. [Prov. Eng.]
Scobiform
Scob"i*form (?), a. [L. scobs, or scobis, sawdust, scrapings + -form:
cf. F. scobiforme.] Having the form of, or resembling, sawdust or
raspings.
Scobs
Scobs, n. sing. & pl. [L. scobs, or scobis, fr. scabere to scrape.]
1. Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, metals, or other hard substance.
Chambers.
2. The dross of metals.
Scoff
Scoff (?; 115), n. [OE. scof; akin to OFries. schof, OHG. scoph, Icel.
skaup, and perh. to E. shove.]
1. Derision; ridicule; mockery; derisive or mocking expression of
scorn, contempt, or reproach.
With scoffs, and scorns, and contumelious taunts. Shak.
2. An object of scorn, mockery, or derision.
The scoff of withered age and beardless youth. Cowper.
Scoff
Scoff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scoffed (?; 115); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scoffing.] [Cf. Dan. skuffe to deceive, delude, Icel. skopa to scoff,
OD. schoppen. See Scoff, n.] To show insolent ridicule or mockery; to
manifest contempt by derisive acts or language; -- often with at.
Thuth from his lips prevailed with double sway, And fools who came
to scoff, remained to pray. Goldsmith.
Syn. -- To sneer; mock; gibe; jeer. See Sneer.
Scoff
Scoff, v. t. To treat or address with derision; to assail scornfully;
to mock at.
To scoff religion is ridiculously proud and immodest. Glanwill.
Scoffer
Scoff"er (?), n. One who scoffs. 2 Pet. iii. 3.
Scoffery
Scoff"er*y (?), n. The act of scoffing; scoffing conduct; mockery.
Holinshed.
Scoffingly
Scoff"ing*ly, adv. In a scoffing manner. Broome.
Scoke
Scoke (?), n. (Bot.) Poke (Phytolacca decandra).
Scolay
Sco*lay" (?), v. i. See Scoley. [Obs.]
Scold
Scold (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scolded; p. pr. & vb. n. Scolding.]
[Akin to D. schelden, G. schelten, OHG. sceltan, Dan. skielde.] To
find fault or rail with rude clamor; to brawl; to utter harsh, rude,
boisterous rebuke; to chide sharply or coarsely; -- often with at; as,
to scold at a servant.
Pardon me, lords, 't is the first time ever I was forced to scold.
Shak.
Scold
Scold, v. t. To chide with rudeness and clamor; to rate; also, to
rebuke or reprove with severity.
Scold
Scold, n.
1. One who scolds, or makes a practice of scolding; esp., a rude,
clamorous woman; a shrew.
She is an irksome, brawling scold. Shak.
2. A scolding; a brawl.
Scolder
Scold"er (?), n.
1. One who scolds.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The oyster catcher; -- so called from its shrill
cries. (b) The old squaw. [Local U.S.]
Scolding
Scold"ing, a. & n. from Scold, v. Scolding bridle, an iron frame. See
Brank, n., 2.
Scoldingly
Scold"ing*ly, adv. In a scolding manner.
Scole
Scole (?), n. School. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Scolecida
Sco*le"ci*da (? OR ?), n. pl. [NL. See Scolex.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Helminthes.
Scolecite
Scol"e*cite (? OR ?; 277), n. [Gr. (Min.) A zeolitic mineral occuring
in delicate radiating groups of white crystals. It is a hydrous
silicate of aluminia and lime. Called also lime mesotype.
Scolecomorpha
Sco*le`co*mor"pha (, n. pl. [NL. See Solex, -morphous.] (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Scolecida.
Scolex
Sco"lex (?), n.; pl. Scoleces (#). [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The
embryo produced directly from the egg in a metagenetic series,
especially the larva of a tapeworm or other parasitic worm. See
Illust. of Echinococcus. (b) One of the Scolecida.
Scoley
Sco*ley" (?), v. i. [Cf. OF. escoler to teach. See School.] To go to
school; to study. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Scoliosis
Sco`li*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A lateral curvature of the
spine.
Scolithus
Scol"i*thus (? OR ?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A tubular structure
found in Potsdam sandstone, and believed to be the fossil burrow of a
marine worm.
Scollop
Scol"lop (?), n. & v. See Scallop.
Scolopacine
Scol`o*pa"cine (?), a. [L. scolopax a snipe, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Of or
pertaining to the Scolopacid\'91, or Snipe family.
Scolopendra
Scol`o*pen"dra (?), n. [L., a kind of multiped, fr. Gr.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of venomous myriapods including the centipeds.
See Centiped.
2. A sea fish. [R.] Spenser.
Scolopendrine
Scol`o*pen"drine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the
Scolopendra.
Scolytid
Scol"y*tid (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
small bark-boring beetles of the genus Scolytus and allied genera.
Also used adjectively.
Scomber
Scom"ber (?), n. [L., a mackerel, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
acanthopterygious fishes which includes the common mackerel.
Scomberoid
Scom"ber*oid (?), a. & n. [Cf. F. scomn\'82ro\'8bde.] (Zo\'94l.) Same
as Scombroid.
_________________________________________________________________
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Scombriformes
Scom`bri*for"mes (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of fishes
including the mackerels, tunnies, and allied fishes.
Scombroid
Scom"broid (?), a. [Scomber + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to
the Mackerel family. -- n. Any fish of the family Scombrid\'91, of
which the mackerel (Scomber) is the type.
Scomfish
Scom"fish (? OR ?), v. t. & i. To suffocate or stifle; to smother.
[Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Scomtit
Scom"tit (?), n. & v. Discomfit. [Obs.]
Scomm
Scomm (?), n. [L. scomma a taunt, jeer, scoff, Gr.
1. A bufoon. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
2. A flout; a jeer; a gibe; a taunt. [Obs.] Fortherby.
Sconce
Sconce (?), n. [D. schans, OD. schantse, perhaps from OF. esconse a
hiding place, akin to esconser to hide, L. absconsus, p. p. of
abscondere. See Abscond, and cf. Ensconce, Sconce a candlestick.]
1. A fortification, or work for defense; a fort.
No sconce or fortress of his raising was ever known either to have
been forced, or yielded up, or quitted. Milton.
2. A hut for protection and shelter; a stall.
One that . . . must raise a sconce by the highway and sell
switches. Beau. & Fl.
3. A piece of armor for the head; headpiece; helmet.
I must get a sconce for my head. Shak.
4. Fig.: The head; the skull; also, brains; sense; discretion.
[Colloq.]
To knock him about the sconce with a dirty shovel. Shak.
5. A poll tax; a mulct or fine. Johnson.
6. [OF. esconse a dark lantern, properly, a hiding place. See Etymol.
above.] A protection for a light; a lantern or cased support for a
candle; hence, a fixed hanging or projecting candlestick.
Tapers put into lanterns or sconces of several-colored, oiled
paper, that the wind might not annoy them. Evelyn.
Golden sconces hang not on the walls. Dryden.
7. Hence, the circular tube, with a brim, in a candlestick, into which
the candle is inserted.
8. (Arch.) A squinch.
9. A fragment of a floe of ice. Kane.
10. [Perhaps a different word.] A fixed seat or shelf. [Prov. Eng.]
Sconce
Sconce, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sconced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sconcing.]
1. To shut up in a sconce; to imprison; to insconce. [Obs.]
Immure him, sconce him, barricade him in 't. Marston.
2. To mulct; to fine. [Obs.] Milton.
Sconchoon
Scon"choon (?), n. (Arch.) A squinch.
Scone
Scone (?), n. A cake, thinner than a bannock, made of wheat or barley
or oat meal. [Written variously, scon, skone, skon, etc.] [Scot.]
Burns.
Scoop
Scoop (?), n. [OE. scope, of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. skopa, akin to D.
schop a shovel, G. sch\'81ppe, and also to E. shove. See Shovel.]
1. A large ladle; a vessel with a long handle, used for dipping
liquids; a utensil for bailing boats.
2. A deep shovel, or any similar implement for digging out and dipping
or shoveling up anything; as, a flour scoop; the scoop of a dredging
machine.
3. (Surg.) A spoon-shaped instrument, used in extracting certain
substances or foreign bodies.
4. A place hollowed out; a basinlike cavity; a hollow.
Some had lain in the scoop of the rock. J. R. Drake.
5. A sweep; a stroke; a swoop.
6. The act of scooping, or taking with a scoop or ladle; a motion with
a scoop, as in dipping or shoveling.
Scoop net, a kind of hand net, used in fishing; also, a net for
sweeping the bottom of a river. -- Scoop wheel, a wheel for raising
water, having scoops or buckets attached to its circumference; a
tympanum.
Scoop
Scoop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scooped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scooping.]
[OE. scopen. See Scoop, n.]
1. To take out or up with, a scoop; to lade out.
He scooped the water from the crystal flood. Dryden.
2. To empty by lading; as, to scoop a well dry.
3. To make hollow, as a scoop or dish; to excavate; to dig out; to
form by digging or excavation.
Those carbuncles the Indians will scoop, so as to hold above a
pint. Arbuthnot.
Scooper
Scoop"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which scoops.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The avocet; -- so called because it scoops up the mud to
obtain food.
Scoot
Scoot (?), v. i. To walk fast; to go quickly; to run hastily away.
[Colloq. & Humorous, U.S.]
Scoparin
Sco"pa*rin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow gelatinous or crystalline
substance found in broom (Cytisus scoparius) accompanying
sparte\'8bne.
Scopate
Sco"pate (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the
surface closely covered with hairs, like a brush.
-scope
-scope (. [Gr. skopo`s a watcher, spy. See Scope.] A combining form
usually signifying an instrument for viewing (with the eye) or
observing (in any way); as in microscope, telescope, altoscope,
anemoscope.
Scope
Scope (?), n. [It. scopo, L. scopos a mark, aim, Gr. skopo`s, a
watcher, mark, aim; akin to spy. Cf. Skeptic, Bishop.]
1. That at which one aims; the thing or end to which the mind directs
its view; that which is purposed to be reached or accomplished; hence,
ultimate design, aim, or purpose; intention; drift; object. "Shooting
wide, do miss the marked scope." Spenser.
Your scope is as mine own, So to enforce or quality the laws As to
your soul seems good. Shak.
The scope of all their pleading against man's authority, is to
overthrow such laws and constitutions in the church. Hooker.
2. Room or opportunity for free outlook or aim; space for action;
amplitude of opportunity; free course or vent; liberty; range of view;
intent, or action.
Give him line and scope. Shak.
In the fate and fortunes of the human race, scope is given to the
operation of laws which man must always fail to discern the reasons
of. I. Taylor.
Excuse me if I have given too much scope to the reflections which
have arisen in my mind. Burke.
An intellectual cultivation of no moderate depth or scope.
Hawthorne.
3. Extended area. [Obs.] "The scopes of land granted to the first
adventurers." Sir J. Davies.
4. Length; extent; sweep; as, scope of cable. <-- Scope, v. t. To look
at for the purpose of evaluation; usu with out; as, to scope out the
area as a camping site. -->
Scopeline
Sco"pe*line (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Scopeloid.
Scopeloid
Sco"pe*loid (?), a. [NL. Scopelus, typical genus (fr. Gr. -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to fishes of the genus Scopelus, or
family Scopelod\'91, which includes many small oceanic fishes, most of
which are phosphorescent. -- n. (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the family
Scopelid\'91.
Scopiferous
Sco*pif"er*ous (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.)
Bearing a tuft of brushlike hairs.
Scopiform
Sco"pi*form (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + -form.] Having the
form of a broom or besom. "Zeolite, stelliform or scopiform." Kirwan.
Scopiped
Sco"pi*ped (?; 277), n. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + pes, pedis, a
foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scopuliped.
Scoppet
Scop"pet (?), v. t. [From Scoop, v. t.] To lade or dip out. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
Scops owl
Scops" owl` (?). [NL. scops, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous
species of small owls of the genus Scops having ear tufts like those
of the horned owls, especially the European scops owl (Scops giu), and
the American screech owl. (S. Asio).
Scoptic, Scoptical
Scop"tic (?), Scop"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Jesting; jeering; scoffing.
[Obs.] South. -- Scop"tic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]
Scopula
Scop"u*la (?), n.; pl. E. Scopulas (#), L. Scopul\'91 (#). [L.
scopulae, pl. a little broom.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A peculiar brushlike
organ found on the foot of spiders and used in the construction of the
web. (b) A special tuft of hairs on the leg of a bee.
Scopuliped
Scop"u*li*ped (?), n. [L. scopulae, pl., a little broom (fr. scopae a
broom) + pes, pedis, foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of bee which has on
the hind legs a brush of hairs used for collecting pollen, as the hive
bees and bumblebees.
Scopulous
Scop"u*lous (?), a. [L. scopulosus, fr. scopulus a rock, Gr. Full of
rocks; rocky. [Obs.]
Scorbute
Scor"bute (?), n. [LL. scorbutus: cf. F. scorbut. See Scurvy, n.]
Scurry. [Obs.] Purchas.
Scorbutic, Scorbutical
Scor*bu"tic (?), Scor*bu"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. scorbutique.] (Med.)
Of or pertaining to scurvy; of the nature of, or resembling, scurvy;
diseased with scurvy; as, a scorbutic person; scorbutic complaints or
symptoms. -- Scor*bu"tic*al*ly, adv.
Scorbutus
Scor*bu"tus (?), n. [LL. See Scorbute.] (Med.) Scurvy.
Scorce
Scorce (?), n. Barter. [Obs.] See Scorse.
Scorch
Scorch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scorching.] [OE. scorchen, probably akin to scorcnen; cf. Norw.
skrokken shrunk up, skrekka, skr\'94kka, to shrink, to become wrinkled
up, dial. Sw. skr\'86kkla to wrinkle (see Shrug); but perhaps
influenced by OF. escorchier to strip the bark from, to flay, to skin,
F. \'82corcher, LL. excorticare; L. ex from + cortex, -icis, bark (cf.
Cork); because the skin falls off when scorched.]
1. To burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by
heat; to subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without
consuming; as, to scorch linen.
Summer drouth or singed air never scorch thy tresses fair. Milton.
2. To affect painfully with heat, or as with heat; to dry up with
heat; to affect as by heat.
Lashed by mad rage, and scorched by brutal fires. Prior.
3. To burn; to destroy by, or as by, fire.
Power was given unto him to scorch men with fire. Rev. xvi. 8.
The fire that scorches me to death. Dryden.
Scorch
Scorch, v. i.
1. To be burnt on the surface; to be parched; to be dried up.
Scatter a little mungy straw or fern amongst your seedlings, to
prevent the roots from scorching. Mortimer.
2. To burn or be burnt.
he laid his long forefinger on the scarlet letter, which forthwith
seemed to scoch into Hester's breast, as if it had been red hot.
Hawthorne.
Scorching
Scorch"ing, a. Burning; parching or shriveling with heat. --
Scorch"ing*ly, adv. -- Scorch"ing*ness, n.
Score
Score (?), n. [AS. scor twenty, fr. sceran, scieran, to shear, cut,
divice; or rather the kindred Icel. skor incision, twenty, akin to
Dan. skure a notch, Sw. sk\'86ra. See Shear.]
1. A notch or incision; especially, one that is made as a tally mark;
hence, a mark, or line, made for the purpose of account.
Whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but the score
and the tally, thou hast caused printing to be used. Shak.
2. An account or reckoning; account of dues; bill; hence,
indebtedness.
He parted well, and paid his score. Shak.
3. Account; reason; motive; sake; behalf.
But left the trade, as many more Have lately done on the same
score. Hudibras.
You act your kindness in Cydria's score. Dryden.
4. The number twenty, as being marked off by a special score or tally;
hence, in pl., a large number.
Amongst three or four score hogsheads. Shak.
At length the queen took upon herself to grant patents of monopoly
by score. Macaulay.
5. A distance of twenty yards; -- a term used in ancient archery and
gunnery. Halliwell.
6. A weight of twenty pounds. [Prov. Eng.]
7. The number of points gained by the contestants, or either of them,
in any game, as in cards or cricket.
8. line drawn; a groove or furrow.
9. (Mus.) The original and entire draught, or its transcript, of a
composition, with the parts for all the different instruments or
voices written on staves one above another, so that they can be read
at a glance; -- so called from the bar, which, in its early use, was
drawn through all the parts. Moore (Encyc. of Music).
In score (Mus.), having all the parts arranged and placed in
juxtaposition. Smart. -- To quit scores, to settle or balance
accounts; to render an equivalent; to make compensation.
Does not the earth quit scores with all the elements in the noble
fruits that issue from it? South.
Score
Score (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.]
1. To mark with lines, scratches, or notches; to cut notches or
furrows in; to notch; to scratch; to furrow; as, to score timber for
hewing; to score the back with a lash.
Let us score their backs. Shak.
A briar in that tangled wilderness Had scored her white right hand.
M. Arnold.
2. Especially, to mark with significant lines or notches, for
indicating or keeping account of something; as, to score a tally.
3. To mark or signify by lines or notches; to keep record or account;
to set down; to record; to charge.
Madam, I know when, Instead of five, you scored me ten. Swift.
Nor need I tallies thy dear love to score. Shak.
4. To engrave, as upon a shield. [R.] Spenser.
5. To make a score of, as points, runs, etc., in a game.
6. (Mus.) To write down in proper order and arrangement; as, to score
an overture for an orchestra. See Score, n., 9.
7. (Geol.) To mark with parallel lines or scratches; as, the rocks of
New England and the Western States were scored in the drift epoch.
Scorer
Scor"er (?), n. One who, or that which, scores.
Scoria
Sco"ri*a (?), n.; pl. Scorl\'91 (#). [L., fr. Gr.
1. The recrement of metals in fusion, or the slag rejected after the
eduction of metallic ores; dross.
2. Cellular slaggy lava; volcanic cinders.
Scoriac
Sco"ri*ac (?), a. Scoriaceous. E. A. Poe.
Scoriaceous
Sco`ri*a"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. scoriac\'82.] Of or pertaining to
scoria; like scoria or the recrement of metals; partaking of the
nature of scoria.
Scorie
Sco"rie (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The young of any gull. [Written also
scaurie.] [prov. Eng.]
Scorification
Sco`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. scorification. See Scorify.] (Chem.)
The act, process, or result of scorifying, or reducing to a slag;
hence, the separation from earthy matter by means of a slag; as, the
scorification of ores.
Scorifier
Sco"ri*fi`er (?), n. (Chem.) One who, or that which, scorifies;
specifically, a small flat bowl-shaped cup used in the first heating
in assaying, to remove the earth and gangue, and to concentrate the
gold and silver in a lead button.
Scoriform
Sco"ri*form (?), a. In the form of scoria.
Scorify
Sco"ri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scorifying (?).] [Scoria + -fy: cf. F. scorifier.] (Chem.) To reduce
to scoria or slag; specifically, in assaying, to fuse so as to
separate the gangue and earthy material, with borax, lead, soda, etc.,
thus leaving the gold and silver in a lead button; hence, to separate
from, or by means of, a slag.
Scorious
Sco"ri*ous (?), a. Scoriaceous. Sir T. Browne.
Scorn
Scorn (?), n. [OE. scorn, scarn, scharn, OF. escarn, escharn, eschar,
of German origin; cf. OHG. skern mockery, skern to mock; but cf. also
OF. escorner to mock.]
1. Extreme and lofty contempt; haughty disregard; that disdain which
aprings from the opinion of the utter meanness and unworthiness of an
object.
Scorn at first makes after love the more. Shak.
And wandered backward as in scorn, To wait an \'91on to be born.
Emerson.
2. An act or expression of extreme contempt.
Every sullen frown and bitter scorn But fanned the fuel that too
fast did burn. Dryden.
3. An object of extreme disdain, contempt, or derision.
Thou makest us a reproach to our neighbors, a scorn and a derision
to them that are round about us. Ps. xliv. 13.
To think scorn, to regard as worthy of scorn or contempt; to disdain.
"He thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone." Esther iii. 6. --
To laugh to scorn, to deride; to make a mock of; to redicule as
contemptible. Syn. -- Contempt; disdain; derision; contumely; despite;
slight; dishonor; mockery.
Scorn
Scorn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.] [OE.
scornen, scarnen, schornen, OF. escarning, escharnir. See Scorn, n.]
1. To hold in extreme contempt; to reject as unworthy of regard; to
despise; to contemn; to disdain.
I scorn thy meat; 't would choke me. Shak.
This my long sufference, and my day of grace, Those who neglect and
scorn shall never taste. Milton.
We scorn what is in itself contemptible or disgraceful. C. J.
Smith.
2. To treat with extreme contempt; to make the object of insult; to
mock; to scoff at; to deride.
His fellow, that lay by his bed's side, Gan for to laugh, and
scorned him full fast. Chaucer.
To taunt and scorn you thus opprobriously. Shak.
Syn. -- To contemn; despise; disdain. See Contemn.
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Scorn
Scorn (?), v. i. To scoff; to act disdainfully.
He said mine eyes were black and my hair black, And, now I
remembered, scorned at me. Shak.
Scorner
Scorn"er (?), n. One who scorns; a despiser; a contemner;
specifically, a scoffer at religion. "Great scorners of death."
Spenser.
Superly he scorneth the scorners: but he giveth grace unto the
lowly. Prov. iii. 34.
Scornful
Scorn"ful (?), a.
1. Full of scorn or contempt; contemptuous; disdainful.
Scornful of winter's frost and summer's sun. Prior.
Dart not scornful glances from those eyes. Shak.
2. Treated with scorn; exciting scorn. [Obs.]
The scornful mark of every open eye. Shak.
Syn. -- Contemptuous; disdainful; contumelious; reproachful; insolent.
-- Scorn"ful*ly, adv. -- Scorn"ful*ness, n.
Scorny
Scorn"y (?), a. Deserving scorn; paltry. [Obs.]
Scorodite
Scor"o*dite (?), n. [G. scorodit; -- so called in allusion to its
smell under the blowpipe, from Gr. (Min.) A leek-green or brownish
mineral occurring in orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous arseniate
of iron. [Written also skorodite.]
Scorp\'91noid
Scor*p\'91"noid (?), a. [NL. Scorpaena, a typical genus (see Scorpene)
+ -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the family Scorp\'91nid\'91,
which includes the scorpene, the rosefish, the California rockfishes,
and many other food fishes. [Written also scorp\'91nid.] See Illust.
under Rockfish.
Scorpene
Scor"pene (?), n. [F. scorp\'8ane, fr. L. scorpaena a kind of fish,
Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A marine food fish of the genus Scorp\'91na, as the
European hogfish (S. scrofa), and the California species (S. guttata).
Scorper
Scor"per (?), n. Same as Scauper.
Scorpio
Scor"pi*o (?), n.; pl. Scorpiones (#). [L.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A scorpion.
2. (Astron.) (a) The eighth sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters
about the twenty-third day of October, marked thus [&scorpio;] in
almanacs. (b) A constellation of the zodiac containing the bright star
Antares. It is drawn on the celestial globe in the figure of a
scorpion.
Scorpiodea
Scor`pi*o"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scorpiones.
Scorpioid, Scorpioidal
Scor"pi*oid (?), Scor`pi*oid"al (?), a. [Gr.
1. Having the inflorescence curved or circinate at the end, like a
scorpion's tail.
Scorpion
Scor"pi*on (?), n. [F., fr. L. scorpio, scorpius, Gr. sharp.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of pulmonate arachnids of
the order scorpiones, having a suctorial mouth, large claw-bearing
palpi, and a caudal sting.
NOTE: &hand; Sc orpions ha ve a flattened body, and a long, slender
post-abdomen formed of six movable segments, the last of which
terminates in a curved venomous sting. The venom causes great pain,
but is unattended either with redness or swelling, except in the
axillary or inguinal glands, when an extremity is affected. It is
seldom if ever destructive of life. Scorpions are found widely
dispersed in the warm climates of both the Old and New Worlds.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The pine or gray lizard (Sceloporus undulatus). [Local,
U.S.]
3. (Zo\'94l.) the scorpene.
4. (Script.) A painful scourge.
My father hath chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you
with scorpions. 1 Kings xii. 11.
5. (Astron.) A sign and constellation. See Scorpio.
6. (Antiq.) An ancient military engine for hurling stones and other
missiles.
Book scorpion. (Zo\'94l.) See under Book. -- False scorpion.
(Zo\'94l.) See under False, and Book scorpion. -- Scorpion bug, OR
Water scorpion (Zo\'94l.) See Nepa. -- Scorpion fly (Zo\'94l.), a
neuropterous insect of the genus Panorpa. See Panorpid. -- Scorpion
grass (Bot.), a plant of the genus Myosotis. M. palustris is the
forget-me-not. -- Sorpion senna (Bot.), a yellow-flowered leguminous
shrub (Coronilla Emerus) having a slender joined pod, like a
scorpion's tail. The leaves are said to yield a dye like indigo, and
to be used sometimes to adulterate senna. -- Scorpion shell
(Zo\'94l.), any shell of the genus Pteroceras. See Pteroceras. --
Scorpion spiders. (Zo\'94l.), any one of the Pedipalpi. -- Scorpion's
tail (Bot.), any plant of the leguminous genus Scorpiurus, herbs with
a circinately coiled pod; -- also called caterpillar. -- Scorpion's
thorn (Bot.), a thorny leguminous plant (Genista Scorpius) of Southern
Europe. -- The Scorpion's Heart (Astron.), the star Antares in the
constellation Scorpio.
Scorpiones
Scor`pi*o"nes (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of arachnids
comprising the scorpions.
Scorpionidea
Scor`pi*o*nid"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scorpiones.
Scorpionwort
Scor"pi*on*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A leguminous plant (Ornithopus
scorpides) of Southern Europe, having curved pods.
Scorse
Scorse (? OR ?), n. [Cf. It. scorsa a course, and E. discourse.]
Barter; exchange; trade. [Obs.]
And recompensed them with a better scorse. Spenser.
Scorse
Scorse, v. t. [Written also scourse, and scoss.]
1. To barter or exchange. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To chase. [Obs.] Spenser.
Scorse
Scorse, v. i. To deal for the purchase of anything; to practice
barter. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Scortatory
Scor"ta*to*ry (?), a. [L. scorator a fornicator, from scortari to
fornicate, scortum a prostitute.] Pertaining to lewdness or
fornication; lewd.
Scot
Scot (?), n. A name for a horse. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Scot
Scot, n. [Cf. L. Skoti, pl., AS. Scotta, pl. Skottas, Sceottas.] A
native or inhabitant of Scotland; a Scotsman, or Scotchman.
Scot
Scot, n. [Icel. skot; or OF. escot, F. \'82cot, LL. scottum, scotum,
from a kindred German word; akin to AS. scot, and E. shot, shoot; cf.
AS. sce\'a2tan to shoot, to contribute. See Shoot, and cf. Shot.] A
portion of money assessed or paid; a tax or contribution; a mulct; a
fine; a shot. Scot and lot, formerly, a parish assessment laid on
subjects according to their ability. [Eng.] Cowell. Now, a phrase for
obligations of every kind regarded collectivelly.
Experienced men of the world know very well that it is best to pay
scot and lot as they go along. Emerson.
Scotal, Scotale
Scot"al (?), Scot"ale (?), n. [Scot + ale.] (O. Eng. Law) The keeping
of an alehouse by an officer of a forest, and drawing people to spend
their money for liquor, for fear of his displeasure.
Scotch
Scotch (?), a. [Cf. Scottish.] Of or pertaining to Scotland, its
language, or its inhabitants; Scottish. Scotch broom (Bot.), the
Cytisus scoparius. See Broom. -- Scotch dipper, OR Scotch duck
(Zo\'94l.), the bufflehead; -- called also Scotch teal, and Scotchman.
-- Scotch fiddle, the itch. [Low] Sir W. Scott. -- Scotch mist, a
coarse, dense mist, like fine rain. -- Scotch nightingale (Zo\'94l.),
the sedge warbler. [Prov. Eng.] -- Scotch pebble. See under pebble. --
Scotch pine (Bot.) See Riga fir. -- Scotch thistle (Bot.), a species
of thistle (Onopordon acanthium); -- so called from its being the
national emblem of the Scotch.
Scotch
Scotch, n.
1. The dialect or dialects of English spoken by the people of
Scotland.
2. Collectively, the people of Scotland.
Scotch
Scotch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scotched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scotching.]
[Cf. Prov. E. scole a prop, and Walloon ascot a prop, ascoter to prop,
F. accoter, also Armor. skoaz the shoulder, skoazia to shoulder up, to
prop, to support, W. ysgwydd a shoulder, ysgwyddo to shoulder. Cf.
Scoat.] [Written also scoatch, scoat.] To shoulder up; to prop or
block with a wedge, chock, etc., as a wheel, to prevent its rolling or
slipping.
Scotch
Scotch, n. A chock, wedge, prop, or other support, to prevent
slipping; as, a scotch for a wheel or a log on inclined ground.
Scotch
Scotch, v. t. [Probably the same word as scutch; cf. Norw. skoka,
skoko, a swingle for flax; perhaps akin to E. shake.] To cut
superficially; to wound; to score.
We have scotched the snake, not killed it. Shak.
Scotched collops (Cookery), a dish made of pieces of beef or veal cut
thin, or minced, beaten flat, and stewed with onion and other
condiments; -- called also Scotch collops. [Written also scotcht
collops.]
Scotch
Scotch, n. A slight cut or incision; a score. Walton.
Scotch-hopper
Scotch"-hop`per (?), n. Hopscotch.
Scotching
Scotch"ing, n. (Masonry) Dressing stone with a pick or pointed
instrument.
Scotchman
Scotch"man (?), n.; pl. Scotchmen (.
1. A native or inhabitant of Scotland; a Scot; a Scotsman.
2. (Naut.) A piece of wood or stiff hide placed over shrouds and other
rigging to prevent chafe by the running gear. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Scoter
Sco"ter (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. scote to plow up.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of
several species of northern sea ducks of the genus Oidemia.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Eu ropean sc oters are Oidemia nigra, called also
black duck, black diver, surf duck; and the velvet, or double,
scoter (O. fusca). The common American species are the velvet, or
white-winged, scoter (O. Deglandi), called also velvet duck,
white-wing, bull coot, white-winged coot; the black scoter (O.
Americana), called also black coot, butterbill, coppernose; and the
surf scoter, or surf duck (O. perspicillata), called also baldpate,
skunkhead, horsehead, patchhead, pishaug, and spectacled coot.
These birds are collectively called also coots. The females and
young are called gray coots, and brown coots.
Scot-free
Scot"-free" [?], a. Free from payment of scot; untaxed; hence, unhurt;
clear; safe.
Do as much for this purpose, and thou shalt pass scot-free. Sir W.
Scott.
Then young Hay escaped scot-free to Holland. A. Lang.
Scotch
Scotch (?), v. t. To clothe or cover up. [Obs.]
Scotia
Sco"ti*a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. skoti`a darkness, a sunken molding in
the base of a pillar, so called from the dark shadow it casts, from
sko`tos darkness.] (Arch.) A concave molding used especially in
classical architecture.
Scotia
Sco"ti*a, n. [L.] Scotland [Poetic]
O Scotia! my dear, my native soil! Burns.
Scotist
Sco"tist (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of (Joannes) Duns Scotus,
the Franciscan scholastic (d. 1308), who maintained certain doctrines
in philosophy and theology, in opposition to the Thomists, or
followers of Thomas Aquinas, the Dominican scholastic.
Scotograph
Scot"o*graph (?), n. [Gr. sko`tos darkness + -graph.] An instrument
for writing in the dark, or without seeing. Maunder.
Scotoma
Sco*to"ma (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Scotomy.
Scotomy
Scot"o*my (?), n. [NL. scotomia, from Gr. sko`tos darkness: cf. F.
scotomie.]
1. Dizziness with dimness of sight. [Obs.] Massinger.
2. (Med.) Obscuration of the field of vision due to the appearance of
a dark spot before the eye.
Scotoscope
Sco"to*scope (? OR ?), n. [Gr. sko`tos darkness + -scope.] An
instrument that discloses objects in the dark or in a faint light.
[Obs.] Pepys.
Scots
Scots (?), a. [For older Scottis Scottish. See Scottish.] Of or
pertaining to the Scotch; Scotch; Scottish; as, Scots law; a pound
Scots (1s. 8d.).
Scotsman
Scots"man (-man), n. See Scotchman.
Scottering
Scot"ter*ing (?), n. The burning of a wad of pease straw at the end of
harvest. [Prov. Eng.]
Scotticism
Scot"ti*cism (?), n. An idiom, or mode of expression, peculiar to
Scotland or Scotchmen.
That, in short, in which the Scotticism of Scotsmen most intimately
consists, is the habit of emphasis. Masson.
Scotticize
Scot"ti*cize (?), v. t. To cause to become like the Scotch; to make
Scottish. [R.]
Scottish
Scot"tish (?), a. [From Scot a Scotchman: cf. AS. Scyttisc, and E.
Scotch, a., Scots, a.] Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of
Scotland, their country, or their language; as, Scottish industry or
economy; a Scottish chief; a Scottish dialect.
Scoundrel
Scoun"drel (?), n. [Probably from Prov. E. & Scotch scunner, scouner,
to loathe, to disgust, akin to AS. scunian to shun. See Shun.] A mean,
worthless fellow; a rascal; a villain; a man without honor or virtue.
Go, if your ancient, but ignoble blood
Has crept through soundrels ever since the flood. Pope.
Scoundrel
Scoun"drel, a. Low; base; mean; unprincipled.
Scoundreldom
Scoun"drel*dom (?), n. The domain or sphere of scoundrels;
scoundrels, collectively; the state, ideas, or practices of
scoundrels. Carlyle.
Scoundrelism
Scoun"drel*ism (?), n. The practices or conduct of a scoundrel;
baseness; rascality. Cotgrave.
Scour
Scour (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scoured (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scouring.] [Akin to LG. sch\'81ren, D. schuren, schueren, G.
scheuern, Dan. skure; Sw. skura; all possibly fr. LL. escurare, fr.
L. ex + curare to take care. Cf. Cure.]
1. To rub hard with something rough, as sand or Bristol brick,
especially for the purpose of cleaning; to clean by friction; to
make clean or bright; to cleanse from grease, dirt, etc., as
articles of dress.
2. To purge; as, to scour a horse.
3. To remove by rubbing or cleansing; to sweep along or off; to
carry away or remove, as by a current of water; -- often with off
or away.
[I will] stain my favors in a bloody mask, Which, washed away,
shall scour my shame with it. Shak.
4. [Perhaps a different word; cf. OF. escorre, escourre, It.
scorrere, both fr. L. excurrere to run forth. Cf. Excursion.] To
pass swiftly over; to brush along; to traverse or search
thoroughly; as, to scour the coast.
Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain. Pope.
Scouring barrel, a tumbling barrel. See under Tumbling. -- Scouring
cinder (Metal.), a basic slag, which attacks the lining of a shaft
furnace. Raymond. -- Scouring rush. (Bot.) See Dutch rush, under
Dutch. -- Scouring stock (Woolen Manuf.), a kind of fulling mill.
Scour
Scour, v. i.
1. To clean anything by rubbing. Shak.
2. To cleanse anything.
Warm water is softer than cold, for it scoureth better. Bacon.
3. To be purged freely; to have a diarrh\'d2a.
4. To run swiftly; to rove or range in pursuit or search of something;
to scamper.
So four fierce coursers, starting to the race, Scour through the
plain, and lengthen every pace. Dryden.
Scour
Scour, n. Diarrh\'d2a or dysentery among cattle.
Scourage
Scour"age (?; 48), n. Refuse water after scouring.
Scourer
Scour"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, scours.
2. A rover or footpad; a prowling robber.
In those days of highwaymen and scourers. Macaulay.
Scourge
Scourge (?), n. [F. escourg\'82e, fr. L. excoriata (sc. scutica) a
stripped off (lash or whip), fr. excoriate to strip, to skin. See
Excoriate.]
1. A lash; a strap or cord; especially, a lash used to inflict pain or
punishment; an instrument of punishment or discipline; a whip.
Up to coach then goes The observed maid, takes both the scourge and
reins. Chapman.
2. Hence, a means of inflicting punishment, vengeance, or suffering;
an infliction of affliction; a punishment.
Sharp scourges of adversity. Chaucer.
What scourge for perjury Can this dark monarchy afford false
Clarence? Shak.
Scourge
Scourge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scourged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scourging
(?).] [From Scourge, n.: cf. OF. escorgier.]
1. To whip severely; to lash.
is it lawful for you to scourge a . . . Roman? Acts xxii. 25.
2. To punish with severity; to chastise; to afflict, as for sins or
faults, and with the purpose of correction.
Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he
receiveth. Heb. xii. 6.
3. To harass or afflict severely.
To scourge and impoverish the people. Brougham.
Scourger
Scour"ger (?), n. One who scourges or punishes; one who afflicts
severely.
The West must own the scourger of the world. Byron.
Scourse
Scourse (?), v. t. See Scorse. [Obs.]
Scouse
Scouse (?), n. (Naut.) A sailor's dish. Bread scouse contains no meat;
lobscouse contains meat, etc. See Lobscouse. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Scout
Scout (?), n. [Icel. sk a small craft or cutter.] A swift sailing
boat. [Obs.]
So we took a scout, very much pleased with the manner and
conversation of the passengers. Pepys.
Scout
Scout, n. [Icel. sk&umac;ta to jut out. Cf. Scout to reject.] A
projecting rock. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
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Page 1291
Scout
Scout (?), v. t. [Icel. sk a taunt; cf. Icel. skuta to jut out, skota
to shove, skj to shoot, to shove. See Shoot.] To reject with contempt,
as something absurd; to treat with ridicule; to flout; as, to scout an
idea or an apology. "Flout 'em and scout 'em." Shak.
Scout
Scout, n. [OF. escaute scout, spy, fr. escouter, escolter, to listen,
to hear, F. \'82couter, fr. L. auscultare, to hear with attention, to
listen to. See Auscultation.]
1. A person sent out to gain and bring in tidings; especially, one
employed in war to gain information of the movements and condition of
an enemy.
Scouts each coast light-arm\'8ad scour, Each quarter, to descry the
distant foe. Milton.
2. A college student's or undergraduate's servant; -- so called in
Oxford, England; at Cambridge called a gyp; and at Dublin, a skip.
[Cant]
3. (Criket) A fielder in a game for practice.
4. The act of scouting or reconnoitering. [Colloq.]
While the rat is on the scout. Cowper.
Syn. -- Scout, Spy. -- In a military sense a scout is a soldier who
does duty in his proper uniform, however hazardous his adventure. A
spy is one who in disguise penetrates the enemies' lines, or lurks
near them, to obtain information.
Scout
Scout, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Scouting.]
1. To observe, watch, or look for, as a scout; to follow for the
purpose of observation, as a scout.
Take more men, And scout him round. Beau. & Fl.
2. To pass over or through, as a scout; to reconnoiter; as, to scout a
country.
Scout
Scout, v. i. To go on the business of scouting, or watching the
motions of an enemy; to act as a scout.
With obscure wing Scout far and wide into the realm of night.
Milton.
Scovel
Scov"el (?), n. [OF. escouve, escouvette, broom, L. scopae, or cf. W.
ysgubell, dim. of ysgub a broom.] A mop for sweeping ovens; a malkin.
Scow
Scow (?), n. [D. schouw.] (Naut.) A large flat-bottomed boat, having
broad, square ends.
Scow
Scow, v. t. To transport in a scow.
Scowl
Scowl (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scowled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scowling.]
[Akin to Dan. skule; cf. Icel. skolla to skulk, LG. schulen to hide
one's self, D. schuilen, G. schielen to squint, Dan. skele, Sw. skela,
AS. sceolh squinting. Cf. Skulk.]
1. To wrinkle the brows, as in frowning or displeasure; to put on a
frowning look; to look sour, sullen, severe, or angry.
She scowled and frowned with froward countenance. Spenser.
2. Hence, to look gloomy, dark, or threatening; to lower. "The
scowling heavens." Thomson.
Scowl
Scowl, v. t.
1. To look at or repel with a scowl or a frown. Milton.
2. To express by a scowl; as, to scowl defiance.
Scowl
Scowl, n.
1. The wrinkling of the brows or face in frowing; the expression of
displeasure, sullennes, or discontent in the countenance; an angry
frown.
With solemn phiz, and critic scowl. Lloyd.
2. Hence, gloom; dark or threatening aspect. Burns.
A ruddy storm, whose scowl Made heaven's radiant face look foul.
Crashaw.
Scowlingly
Scowl"ing*ly, adv. In a scowling manner.
Scrabbed eggs
Scrab"bed eggs` (?). [CF. Scramble.] A Lenten dish, composed of eggs
boiled hard, chopped, and seasoned with butter, salt, and pepper.
Halliwell.
Scrabble
Scrab"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrabbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrabbling (?).] [Freq. of scrape. Cf. Scramble, Scrawl, v. t.]
1. To scrape, paw, or scratch with the hands; to proceed by clawing
with the hands and feet; to scramble; as, to scrabble up a cliff or a
tree.
Now after a while Little-faith came to himself, and getting up made
shift to scrabble on his way. Bunyan.
2. To make irregular, crooked, or unmeaning marks; to scribble; to
scrawl.
David . . . scrabbled on the doors of the gate. 1. Sam. xxi. 13.
Scrabble
Scrab"ble, v. t. To mark with irregular lines or letters; to scribble;
as, to scrabble paper.
Scrabble
Scrab"ble, n. The act of scrabbing; a moving upon the hands and knees;
a scramble; also, a scribble.
Scraber
Scra"ber (?), n. [Cf. Scrabble.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The Manx shearwater.
(b) The black guillemot.
Scraffle
Scraf"fle (?), v. i. [See Scramble: cf. OD. schraeffelen to scrape.]
To scramble or struggle; to wrangle; also, to be industrious. [Prov.
Eng.] Halliwell.
Scrag
Scrag (?), n. [Cf. dial. Sw. skraka a great dry tree, a long, lean
man, Gael. sgreagach dry, shriveled, rocky. See Shrink, and cf. Scrog,
Shrag, n.]
1. Something thin, lean, or rough; a bony piece; especially, a bony
neckpiece of meat; hence, humorously or in contempt, the neck.
Lady MacScrew, who . . . serves up a scrag of mutton on silver.
Thackeray.
2. A rawboned person. [Low] Halliwell.
3. A ragged, stunted tree or branch.
Scrag whale (Zo\'94l.), a North Atlantic whalebone whale (Agaphelus
giddosus). By some it is considered the young of the right whale.
Scragged
Scrag"ged (?), a.
1. Rough with irregular points, or a broken surface; scraggy; as, a
scragged backbone.
2. Lean and rough; scraggy.
Scraggedness
Scrag"ged*ness, n. Quality or state of being scragged.
Scraggily
Scrag"gi*ly (?), adv. in a scraggy manner.
Scragginess
Scrag"gi*ness, n. The quality or state of being scraggy; scraggedness.
Scraggy
Scrag"gy (?), a. [Compar. Scragger (?); superl. Scraggiest.]
1. Rough with irregular points; scragged. "A scraggy rock." J.
Philips.
2. Lean and rough; scragged. "His sinewy, scraggy neck." Sir W. Scott.
Scragly
Scrag"ly, a. See Scraggy.
Scrag-necked
Scrag"-necked` (?), a. Having a scraggy neck.
Scramble
Scram"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrambling (?).] [Freq. of Prov. E. scramb to rake together with the
hands, or of scramp to snatch at. cf. Scrabble.]
1. To clamber with hands and knees; to scrabble; as, to scramble up a
cliff; to scramble over the rocks.
2. To struggle eagerly with others for something thrown upon the
ground; to go down upon all fours to seize something; to catch rudely
at what is desired.
Of other care they little reckoning make, Than how to scramble at
the shearer's feast. Milton.
Scramble
Scram"ble (?), v. t.
1. To collect by scrambling; as, to scramble up wealth. Marlowe.
2. To prepare (eggs) as a dish for the table, by stirring the yolks
and whites together while cooking.
Scramble
Scram"ble, n.
1. The act of scrambling, climbing on all fours, or clambering.
2. The act of jostling and pushing for something desired; eager and
unceremonious struggle for what is thrown or held out; as, a scramble
for office.
Scarcity [of money] enhances its price, and increases the scramble.
Locke.
Scrambler
Scram"bler (?), n.
1. One who scrambles; one who climbs on all fours.
2. A greedy and unceremonious contestant.
Scrambling
Scram"bling (?), a. Confused and irregular; awkward; scambling. --
Scram"bling*ly, adv.
A huge old scrambling bedroom. Sir W. Scott.
Scranch
Scranch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scranched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scranching.] [Cf. D. schransen to eat greedily, G. schranzen. Cf.
Crunch, Scrunch.] To grind with the teeth, and with a crackling sound;
to craunch. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
Scranky
Scrank"y (?), a. Thin; lean. [Scot.]
Scrannel
Scran"nel (?), a. [Cf. Scrawny.] Slight; thin; lean; poor. Having
Grate on their scranned pipes of wretched straw. Milton.
Scranny
Scran"ny (?), a. [See Scrannel.] Thin; lean; meager; scrawny;
scrannel. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Scrap
Scrap (?), n. [OE. scrappe, fr. Icel. skrap trifle, cracking. See
Scrape, v. t.]
1. Something scraped off; hence, a small piece; a bit; a fragment; a
detached, incomplete portion.
I have no materials -- not a scrap. De Quincey.
2. Specifically, a fragment of something written or printed; a brief
excerpt; an unconnected extract.
3. pl. The crisp substance that remains after trying out animal fat;
as, pork scraps. <-- sic. -- meaning after "drying" out?? -->
4. pl. Same as Scrap iron, below. <-- 5. Manufactured objects or parts
useful only for reprocessing, esp. metal objects. -->
Scrap forgings, forgings made from wrought iron scrap. -- Scrap iron.
(a) Cuttings and waste pieces of wrought iron from which bar iron or
forgings can be made; -- called also wrought-iron scrap. (b) Fragments
of cast iron or defective castings suitable for remelting in the
foundry; -- called also founding scrap, or cast scrap.
Scrapbook
Scrap"book` (?), n. A blank book in which extracts cut from books and
papers may be pasted and kept.
Scrape
Scrape (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scraped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scraping.] [Icel. skrapa; akin to Sw. skrapa, Dan. skrabe, D.
schrapen, schrabben, G. schrappen, and prob. to E. sharp.]
1. To rub over the surface of (something) with a sharp or rough
instrument; to rub over with something that roughens by removing
portions of the surface; to grate harshly over; to abrade; to make
even, or bring to a required condition or form, by moving the sharp
edge of an instrument breadthwise over the surface with pressure,
cutting away excesses and superfluous parts; to make smooth or clean;
as, to scrape a bone with a knife; to scrape a metal plate to an even
surface.
2. To remove by rubbing or scraping (in the sense above).
I will also scrape her dust from her, and make her like the top of
a rock. Ezek. xxvi. 4.
3. To collect by, or as by, a process of scraping; to gather in small
portions by laborius effort; hence, to acquire avariciously and save
penuriously; -- often followed by together or up; as, to scrape money
together.
The prelatical party complained that, to swell a number the
nonconformists did not choose, but scrape, subscribers. Fuller.
4. To express disapprobation of, as a play, or to silence, as a
speaker, by drawing the feet back and forth upon the floor; -- usually
with down. Macaulay.
To scrape acquaintance, to seek acquaintance otherwise than by an
introduction. Farquhar.
He tried to scrape acquaintance with her, but failed ignominiously.
G. W. Cable.
Scrape
Scrape, v. i.
1. To rub over the surface of anything with something which roughens
or removes it, or which smooths or cleans it; to rub harshly and
noisily along.
2. To occupy one's self with getting laboriously; as, he scraped and
saved until he became rich. "[Spend] their scraping fathers' gold."
Shak.
3. To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a violin or like
instrument.
4. To draw back the right foot along the ground or floor when making a
bow.
Scrape
Scrape, n.
1. The act of scraping; also, the effect of scraping, as a scratch, or
a harsh sound; as, a noisy scrape on the floor; a scrape of a pen.
2. A drawing back of the right foot when bowing; also, a bow made with
that accompaniment. H. Spencer.
3. A disagreable and embrassing predicament, as it were, a painful
rubbing or scraping; a perplexity; a difficulty.
The too eager pursuit of this his old enemy through thick and thin
has led him into many of these scrapes. Bp. Warburton.
Scrapepenny
Scrape"pen`ny (?), n. One who gathers and hoards money in trifling
sums; a miser.<-- = a pinchpenny -->
Scraper
Scrap"er (?), n.
1. An instrument with which anything is scraped. Specifically: (a) An
instrument by which the soles of shoes are cleaned from mud and the
like, by drawing them across it. (b) An instrument drawn by oxen or
horses, used for scraping up earth in making or repairing roads,
digging cellars, canals etc. (c) (Naut.) An instrument having two or
three sharp sides or edges, for cleaning the planks, masts, or decks
of a ship. (d) (Lithography) In the printing press, a board, or blade,
the edge of which is made to rub over the tympan sheet and thus
produce the impression.
2. One who scrapes. Specifically: (a) One who plays awkwardly on a
violin. (b) One who acquires avariciously and saves penuriously.
Scraping
Scrap"ing (?), n.
1. The act of scraping; the act or process of making even, or reducing
to the proper form, by means of a scraper.
2. Something scraped off; that which is separated from a substance, or
is collected by scraping; as, the scraping of the street.
Scraping
Scrap"ing, a. Resembling the act of, or the effect produced by, one
who, or that which, scrapes; as, a scraping noise; a scraping miser.
-- Scrap"ing*ly, adv.
Scrappily
Scrap"pi*ly (?), adv. In a scrappy manner; in scraps. Mary Cowden
Clarke.
Scrappy
Scrap"py (?), a. Consisting of scraps; fragmentary; lacking unity or
consistency; as, a scrappy lecture.
A dreadfully scrappy dinner. Thackeray.
Scrat
Scrat (?), v. t. [OE. scratten. Cf. Scratch.] To scratch. [Obs.]
Burton.
Scrat
Scrat, v. i. To rake; to search. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.
Scrat
Scrat, n. [Cf. AS. scritta an hermaphrodite, Ir. scrut a scrub, a low,
mean person, Gael. sgrut, sgruit, an old, shriveled person.] An
hermaphrodite. [Obs.] Skinner.
Scratch
Scratch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scratched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scratching.] [OE. cracchen (perhaps influenced by OE. scratten to
scratch); cf. OHG. chrazz, G. kratzen, OD. kratsen, kretsen, D.
krassen, Sw. kratsa to scrape, kratta to rake, to scratch, Dan. kradse
to scratch, to scrape, Icel. krota to engrave. Cf. Grate to rub.]
1. To rub and tear or mark the surface of with something sharp or
ragged; to scrape, roughen, or wound slightly by drawing something
pointed or rough across, as the claws, the nails, a pin, or the like.
Small sand-colored stones, so hard as to scratch glass.Grew.
Be mindful, when invention fails.,
To scratch your head, and bite your nails.Swift.
2. To write or draw hastily or awkwardly. Scratch out a pamphlet."
Swift.
3. To cancel by drawing one or more lines through, as the name of a
candidate upon a ballot, or of a horse in a list; hence, to erase;
to efface; -- often with out.
4. To dig or excavate with the claws; as, some animals scratch
holes, in which they burrow.
To scratch a ticket
, to cancel one or more names of candidates on a party ballot; to
refuse to vote the party ticket in its entirety. [U.S.]
Scratch
Scratch, v. i.
1. To use the claws or nails in tearing or in digging; to make
scratches.
Dull, tame things, . . . that will neither bite nor scratch. Dr. H.
More.
2. (Billiards) To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate
chance of the game. [Cant, U.S.]
Scratch
Scratch, n.
1. A break in the surface of a thing made by scratching, or by
rubbing with anything pointed or rough; a slight wound, mark,
furrow, or incision.
The coarse file . . . makes deep scratches in the work. Moxon.
These nails with scratches deform my breast. Prior.
God forbid a shallow scratch should drive The prince of Wales from
such a field as this. Shak.
2. (Pugilistic Matches) A line across the prize ring; up to which
boxers are brought when they join fight; hence, test, trial, or
proof of courage; as, to bring to the scratch; to come up to the
scratch. [Cant] Grose.
3. pl. (Far.) Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations,
covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used
where it is very wet or muddy. Law (Farmer's Veter. Adviser).
4. A kind of wig covering only a portion of the head.
5. (Billiards) A shot which scores by chance and not as intended by
the player; a fluke. [Cant, U.S.]
Scratch cradle. See Cratch cradle, under Cratch. -- Scratch grass
(Bot.), a climbing knotweed (Polygonum sagittatum) with a square stem
beset with fine recurved prickles along the angles. -- Scratch wig.
Same as Scratch, 4, above. Thackeray.
Scratch
Scratch, a. Made, done, or happening by chance; arranged with little
or no preparation; determined by circumstances; haphazard; as, a
scratch team; a scratch crew for a boat race; a scratch shot in
billiards. [Slang] Scratch race, one without restrictions regarding
the entrance of competitors; also, one for which the competitors are
chosen by lot.
Scratchback
Scratch"back` (?), n. A toy which imitates the sound of tearing cloth,
-- used by drawing it across the back of unsuspecting persons. [Eng.]
Scratchbrush
Scratch"brush` (?), n. A stiff wire brush for cleaning iron castings
and other metal.
Scratch coat
Scratch" coat` (?). The first coat in plastering; -- called also
scratchwork. See Pricking-up.
Scratcher
Scratch"er (?), n. One who, or that which, scratches; specifically
(Zo\'94l.), any rasorial bird.
Scratching
Scratch"ing, adv. With the action of scratching.
Scratchweed
Scratch"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Cleavers.
Scratchwork
Scratch"work` (?), n. See Scratch coat.
Scratchy
Scratch"y (?), a. Characterized by scratches.
Scraw
Scraw (?), n. [Ir. scrath a turf, sgraith a turf, green sod; akin to
Gael. sgrath, sgroth, the outer skin of anything, a turf, a green
sod.] A turf. [Obs.] Swift.
Scrawl
Scrawl (?), v. i. See Crawl. [Obs.] Latimer.
Scrawl
Scrawl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrawled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scrawling.]
[Probably corrupted from scrabble.] To draw or mark awkwardly and
irregularly; to write hastily and carelessly; to scratch; to scribble;
as, to scrawl a letter.
His name, scrawled by himself. Macaulay.
Scrawl
Scrawl, v. i. To write unskillfully and inelegantly.
Though with a golden pen you scrawl. Swift.
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Scrawl
Scrawl (?), n. Unskillful or inelegant writing; that which is
unskillfully or inelegantly written.
The left will make such a scrawl, that it will not be legible.
Arbuthnot.
You bid me write no more than a scrawl to you. Gray.
Scrawler
Scrawl"er (?), n. One who scrawls; a hasty, awkward writer.
Scrawny
Scraw"ny (?), a. [Cf. Scrannel.] Meager; thin; rawboned; bony;
scranny.
Scray
Scray (?), n. [Cf. W. ysgr\'84en, ysgr\'84ell, a sea swallow, Armor.
skrav.] (Zo\'94l.) A tern; the sea swallow. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also
sgraye.]
Screable
Scre"a*ble (?), a. [L. screare to hawk, spit out.] Capable of being
spit out. [Obs.] Bailey.
Screak
Screak (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Screaking.] [Cf. Icel. skr\'91kja to screech. Cf. Creak, v., Screech.]
To utter suddenly a sharp, shrill sound; to screech; to creak, as a
door or wheel.
Screak
Screak, n. A creaking; a screech; a shriek. Bp. Bull.
Scream
Scream (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Screaming.] [Icel. skr\'91ma to scare, terrify; akin to Sw. skr\'84ma,
Dan. skr\'91mme. Cf. Screech.] To cry out with a shrill voice; to
utter a sudden, sharp outcry, or shrill, loud cry, as in fright or
extreme pain; to shriek; to screech.
I heard the owl scream and the crickets cry. Shak.
And scream thyself as none e'er screamed before. Pope.
Scream
Scream, n. A sharp, shrill cry, uttered suddenly, as in terror or in
pain; a shriek; a screech. "Screams of horror." Pope.
Screamer
Scream"er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of three species of South
American birds constituting the family Anhimid\'91, and the suborder
Palamede\'91. They have two spines on each wing, and the head is
either crested or horned. They are easily tamed, and then serve as
guardians for other poultry. The crested screamers, or chajas, belong
to the genus Chauna. The horned screamer, or kamichi, is Palamedea
cornuta.
Screaming
Scream"ing, a.
1. Uttering screams; shrieking.
2. Having the nature of a scream; like a scream; shrill; sharp.
The fearful matrons raise a screaming cry. Dryden.
Scree
Scree (?), n. A pebble; a stone; also, a heap of stones or rocky
d\'82bris. [Prov. Eng.] Southey.
Screech
Screech (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screeched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Screeching.] [Also formerly, scritch, OE. skriken, skrichen, schriken,
of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. skr&ae;kja to shriek, to screech,
skr&imac;ja to titter, Sw. skrika to shriek, Dan. skrige; also Gael.
sgreach, sgreuch, W. ysgrechio, Skr. kharj to creak. Cf. Shriek, v.,
Scream, v.] To utter a harsh, shrill cry; to make a sharp outcry, as
in terror or acute pain; to scream; to shriek. "The screech owl,
screeching loud." Shak.
Screech
Screech, n. A harsh, shrill cry, as of one in acute pain or in fright;
a shriek; a scream. Screech bird, OR Screech thrush (Zo\'94l.), the
fieldfare; -- so called from its harsh cry before rain. -- Screech
rain. -- Screech hawk (Zo\'94l.), the European goatsucker; -- so
called from its note. [Prov. Eng.] -- Screech owl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A
small American owl (Scops asio), either gray or reddish in color. (b)
The European barn owl. The name is applied also to other species.
Screechers
Screech"ers (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The picarian birds, as
distinguished from the singing birds.
Screechy
Screech"y (?), a. Like a screech; shrill and harsh.
Screed
Screed (?), n. [Prov. E., a shred, the border of a cap. See Shred.]
1. (Arch.) (a) A strip of plaster of the thickness proposed for the
coat, applied to the wall at intervals of four or five feet, as a
guide. (b) A wooden straightedge used to lay across the plaster
screed, as a limit for the thickness of the coat.
2. A fragment; a portion; a shred. [Scot.]
Screed
Screed, n. [See 1st Screed. For sense 2 cf. also Gael. sgread an
outcry.]
1. A breach or rent; a breaking forth into a loud, shrill sound; as,
martial screeds.
2. An harangue; a long tirade on any subject.
The old carl gae them a screed of doctrine; ye might have heard him
a mile down the wind. Sir W. Scott.
Screen
Screen (?), n. [OE. scren, OF. escrein, escran, F. \'82cran, of
uncertain origin; cf. G. schirm a screen, OHG. scrim, scern a
protection, shield, or G. schragen a trestle, a stack of wood, or G.
schranne a railing.]
1. Anything that separates or cuts off inconvience, injury, or danger;
that which shelters or conceals from view; a shield or protection; as,
a fire screen.
Your leavy screens throw down. Shak.
Some ambitious men seem as screens to princes in matters of danger
and envy. Bacon.
2. (Arch.) A dwarf wall or partition carried up to a certain height
for separation and protection, as in a church, to separate the aisle
from the choir, or the like.
3. A surface, as that afforded by a curtain, sheet, wall, etc., upon
which an image, as a picture, is thrown by a magic lantern, solar
microscope, etc.
4. A long, coarse riddle or sieve, sometimes a revolving perforated
cylinder, used to separate the coarser from the finer parts, as of
coal, sand, gravel, and the like. <-- 5. A netting, usu. of metal,
contained in a frame, used mostly in windows or doors to allow in
fresh air while excluding insects. Screen door, a door of which half
or more is composed of a screen. Screen window, a screen fitted for
insertion into a window frame. 6. The surface of an electronic device,
as a television set or computer monitor, on which a visible image is
formed. The screen is frequently the surface of a cathode-ray tube
containing phosphors excited by the electron beam, but other methods
for causing an image to appear on the screen are also used, as in
flat-panel displays. 7. The motion-picture industry; motion pictures.
"A star of stage and screen." -->
Screen
Screen (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Screened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Screening.]
1. To provide with a shelter or means of concealment; to separate or
cut off from inconvience, injury, or danger; to shelter; to protect;
to protect by hiding; to conceal; as, fruits screened from cold winds
by a forest or hill.
They were encouraged and screened by some who were in high comands.
Macaulay.
2. To pass, as coal, gravel, ashes, etc., through a screen in order to
separate the coarse from the fine, or the worthless from the valuable;
to sift. <-- 3. To examine a group of objects methodically, to
separate them into groups or to select one or more for some purpose.
As -- (a), To inspect the qualifications of candidates for a job, to
select one or more to be hired. (b) (Biochem., Med) To test a large
number of samples, in order to find those having specific desirable
properties; as, to screen plant extracts for anticancer agents. -->
Screenings
Screen"ings (?), n. pl. The refuse left after screening sand, coal,
ashes, etc.
Screw
Screw (?), n. [OE. scrue, OF. escroue, escroe, female screw, F.
\'82crou, L. scrobis a ditch, trench, in LL., the hole made by swine
in rooting; cf. D. schroef a screw, G. schraube, Icel. skr.]
1. A cylinder, or a cylindrical perforation, having a continuous rib,
called the thread, winding round it spirally at a constant
inclination, so as to leave a continuous spiral groove, between one
turn and the next, -- used chiefly for producing, when revolved,
motion or pressure in the direction of its axis, by the sliding of the
threads of the cylinder in the grooves between the threads of the
perforation adapted to it, the former being distinguished as the
external, or male screw, or, more usually the screw; the latter as the
internal, or female screw, or, more usually, the nut.
NOTE: &hand; The screw, as a mechanical power, is a modification of
the inclined plane, and may be regarded as a right-angled triangle
wrapped round a cylinder, the hypotenuse of the marking the spiral
thread of the screw, its base equaling the circumference of the
cylinder, and its height the pitch of the thread.
2. Specifically, a kind of nail with a spiral thread and a head with a
nick to receive the end of the screw-driver. Screws are much used to
hold together pieces of wood or to fasten something; -- called also
wood screws, and screw nails. See also Screw bolt, below.
3. Anything shaped or acting like a screw; esp., a form of wheel for
propelling steam vessels. It is placed at the stern, and furnished
with blades having helicoidal surfaces to act against the water in the
manner of a screw. See Screw propeller, below.
4. A steam vesel propelled by a screw instead of wheels; a screw
steamer; a propeller.
5. An extortioner; a sharp bargainer; a skinflint; a niggard.
Thackeray.
6. An instructor who examines with great or unnecessary severity;
also, a searching or strict examination of a student by an instructor.
[Cant, American Colleges]
7. A small packet of tobacco. [Slang] Mayhew.
8. An unsound or worn-out horse, useful as a hack, and commonly of
good appearance. Ld. Lytton.
9. (Math.) A straight line in space with which a definite linear
magnitude termed the pitch is associated (cf. 5th Pitch, 10 (b)). It
is used to express the displacement of a rigid body, which may always
be made to consist of a rotation about an axis combined with a
translation parallel to that axis.
10. (Zo\'94l.) An amphipod crustacean; as, the skeleton screw
(Caprella). See Sand screw, under Sand.
Archimedes screw, Compound screw, Foot screw, etc. See under
Archimedes, Compound, Foot, etc. -- A screw loose, something out of
order, so that work is not done smoothly; as, there is a screw loose
somewhere. H. Martineau. -- Endless, OR perpetual screw, a screw used
to give motion to a toothed wheel by the action of its threads between
the teeth of the wheel; -- called also a worm. -- Lag screw. See under
Lag. -- Micrometer screw, a screw with fine threads, used for the
measurement of very small spaces. -- Right and left screw, a screw
having threads upon the opposite ends which wind in opposite
directions. -- Screw alley. See Shaft alley, under Shaft. -- Screw
bean. (Bot.) (a) The curious spirally coiled pod of a leguminous tree
(Prosopis pubescens) growing from Texas to California. It is used for
fodder, and ground into meal by the Indians. (b) The tree itself. Its
heavy hard wood is used for fuel, for fencing, and for railroad ties.
-- Screw bolt, a bolt having a screw thread on its shank, in
distinction from a key bolt. See 1st Bolt, 3. -- Screw box, a device,
resembling a die, for cutting the thread on a wooden screw. -- Screw
dock. See under Dock. -- Screw engine, a marine engine for driving a
screw propeller. -- Screw gear. See Spiral gear, under Spiral. --
Screw jack. Same as Jackscrew. -- Screw key, a wrench for turming a
screw or nut; a spanner wrench. -- Screw machine. (a) One of a series
of machines employed in the manufacture of wood screws. (b) A machine
tool resembling a lathe, having a number of cutting tools that can be
caused to act on the work successively, for making screws and other
turned pieces from metal rods. -- Screw pine (Bot.), any plant of the
endogenous genus Pandanus, of which there are about fifty species,
natives of tropical lands from Africa to Polynesia; -- named from the
spiral arrangement of the pineapple-like leaves. -- Screw plate, a
device for cutting threads on small screws, consisting of a thin steel
plate having a series of perforations with internal screws forming
dies. -- Screw press, a press in which pressure is exerted by means of
a screw. -- Screw propeller, a screw or spiral bladed wheel, used in
the propulsion of steam vessels; also, a steam vessel propelled by a
screw. -- Screw shell (Zo\'94l.), a long, slender, spiral gastropod
shell, especially of the genus Turritella and allied genera. See
Turritella. -- Screw steamer, a steamship propelled by a screw. --
Screw thread, the spiral which forms a screw. -- Screw stone
(Paleon.), the fossil stem of an encrinite. -- Screw tree (Bot.), any
plant of the genus Helicteres, consisting of about thirty species of
tropical shrubs, with simple leaves and spirally twisted, five-celled
capsules; -- also called twisted-horn, and twisty. -- Screw valve, a
stop valve which is opened or closed by a screw. -- Screw worm
(Zo\'94l.), the larva of an American fly (Compsomyia macellaria),
allied to the blowflies, which sometimes deposits its eggs in the
nostrils, or about wounds, in man and other animals, with fatal
results. -- Screw wrench. (a) A wrench for turning a screw. (b) A
wrench with an adjustable jaw that is moved by a screw. -- To put the
screw, OR screws, on, to use pressure upon, as for the purpose of
extortion; to coerce. -- To put under the screw OR screws, to subject
to presure; to force. -- Wood screw, a metal screw with a sharp thread
of coarse pitch, adapted to holding fast in wood. See Illust. of Wood
screw, under Wood.
Screw
Screw (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Screwed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Screwing.]
1. To turn, as a screw; to apply a screw to; to press, fasten, or make
firm, by means of a screw or screws; as, to screw a lock on a door; to
screw a press.
2. To force; to squeeze; to press, as by screws.
But screw your courage to the sticking place, And we'll not fail.
Shak.
3. Hence: To practice extortion upon; to oppress by unreasonable or
extortionate exactions.
Our country landlords, by unmeasureable screwing and racking their
tenants, have already reduced the miserable people to a worse
condition than the peasants in France. swift.
4. To twist; to distort; as, to screw his visage.
He screwed his face into a hardened smile. Dryden.
5. To examine rigidly, as a student; to subject to a severe
examination. [Cant, American Colleges]
To screw out, to press out; to extort. -- To screw up, to force; to
bring by violent pressure. Howell.<-- (b) to damage by unskillful
effort; to bungle; to botch; to mess up. (c) [intrans] to fail by
unskillful effort, usu. causing unpleasant consequences. --> -- To
screw in, to force in by turning or twisting. <-- Screw around, (a) to
act aimlessly or unproductively. (b) screw around with, to operate or
make changes on (a machine or device) without expert knowledge; to
fiddle with. [Colloq.] (c) commit adultery; to be sexually
promiscuous. -->
Screw
Screw, v. i.
1. To use violent mans in making exactions; to be oppressive or
exacting. Howitt.
2. To turn one's self uneasily with a twisting motion; as, he screws
about in his chair. <-- Screwball, n. 1. an eccentric or crazy person;
an oddball. 2. a baseball pitch that curves in the direction opposite
to that of a curve ball. adj. eccentric; zany; crazy. -->
Screw-cutting
Screw"-cut`ting (?), a. Adapted for forming a screw by cutting; as, a
screw-cutting lathe.
Screw-driver
Screw"-driv`er (?), n. A tool for turning screws so as to drive them
into their place. It has a thin end which enters the nick in the head
of the screw.
Screwer
Screw"er (?), n. One who, or that which, screws.
Screwing
Screw"ing, a. & n. from Screw, v. t. Screwing machine. See Screw
machine, under Screw.
Scribable
Scrib"a*ble (?), a. [See Scribe.] Capable of being written, or of
being written upon. [R.]
Scribatious
Scri*ba"tious (?), a. [See Scribe.] Skillful in, or fond of, writing.
[Obs.] Barrow.
Scribbet
Scrib"bet (?), n. A painter's pencil.
Scribble
Scrib"ble (?), v. t. [Cf. Scrabble.] (Woolen Manuf.) To card coarsely;
to run through the scribling machine.
Scribble
Scrib"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scribbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scribling (?).] [From Scrible.]
1. To write hastily or carelessly, without regard to correctness or
elegance; as, to scribble a letter.
2. To fill or cover with careless or worthless writing.
Scribble
Scrib"ble, v. i. To write without care, elegance, or value; to scrawl.
If M\'91vius scribble in Apollo's spite. Pope.
Scribble
Scrib"ble, n. Hasty or careless writing; a writing of little value; a
scrawl; as, a hasty scribble. Boyle.
Neither did I but vacant seasons spend In this my scribble. Bunyan.
Scribblement
Scrib"ble*ment (?), n. A scribble. [R.] oster.
Scribbler
Scrib"bler (?), n. One who scribles; a literary hack.
The scribbler, pinched with hunger, writes to dine. Granville.
Scribbler
Scrib"bler, n. A scribbling machine.
Scribbling
Scrib"bling (?), n. [See 1st Scribble.] The act or process of carding
coarsely. Scribbing machine, the machine used for the first carding of
wool or other fiber; -- called also scribbler.
Scribbling
Scrib"bling, a. Writing hastily or poorly.
Ye newspaper witlings! ye pert scribbling folks! Goldsmith.
Scribbling
Scrib"bling, n. The act of writing hastily or idly.
Scribblingly
Scrib"bling*ly, adv. In a scribbling manner.
Scribe
Scribe (?), n. [L. scriba, fr. scribere to write; cf. Gr. scarify. Cf.
Ascribe, Describe, Script, Scrivener, Scrutoire.]
1. One who writes; a draughtsman; a writer for another; especially, an
offical or public writer; an amanuensis or secretary; a notary; a
copyist.
2. (Jewish Hist.) A writer and doctor of the law; one skilled in the
law and traditions; one who read and explained the law to the people.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1293
Scribe
Scribe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scribing.]
1. To write, engrave, or mark upon; to inscribe. Spenser.
2. (Carp.) To cut (anything) in such a way as to fit closely to a
somewhat irregular surface, as a baseboard to a floor which is out of
level, a board to the curves of a molding, or the like; -- so called
because the workman marks, or scribe, with the compasses the line that
he afterwards cuts.
3. To score or mark with compasses or a scribing iron.
Scribing iron, an iron-pointed instrument for scribing, or marking,
casks and logs.
Scribe
Scribe, v. i. To make a mark.
With the separated points of a pair of spring dividers scribe
around the edge of the templet. A. M. Mayer.
Scriber
Scrib"er (?), n. A sharp-pointed tool, used by joiners for drawing
lines on stuff; a marking awl.
Scribism
Scrib"ism (?), n. The character and opinions of a Jewish scribe in the
time of Christ. F. W. Robertson.
Scrid
Scrid (?), n. A screed; a shred; a fragment. [R.]
Scriggle
Scrig"gle (?), v. i. To wriggle. [Prov. Eng.]
Scrim
Scrim (?), n.
1. A kind of light cotton or linen fabric, often woven in openwork
patterns, -- used for curtains, etc,; -- called also India scrim.
2. pl. Thin canvas glued on the inside of panels to prevent shrinking,
checking, etc.
Scrimer
Scri"mer (?), n. [F. escrimeur. See Skirmish.] A fencing master.
[Obs.] Shak.
Scrimmage
Scrim"mage (?; 48), n. [A corruption of skirmish. "Sore scrymmishe."
Ld. Berners.]] [Written also scrummage.]
1. Formerly, a skirmish; now, a general row or confused fight or
struggle.
2. (Football) The struggle in the rush lines after the ball is put in
play.
Scrimp
Scrimp (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrimped (?; 215); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrimping.] [Cf. Dan. skrumpe, G. schrumpfen, D. krimpen. Cf. Shrimp,
Shrine.] To make too small or short; to limit or straiten; to put on
short allowance; to scant; to contract; to shorten; as, to scrimp the
pattern of a coat. <-- To economize. Scrimp and save. Economize and
save the money not spent. -->
Scrimp
Scrimp, a. Short; scanty; curtailed.
Scrimp
Scrimp, n. A pinching miser; a niggard. [U.S.]
Scrimping
Scrimp"ing, a. & n. from Scrimp, v. t. Scrimping bar, a device used in
connection with a calico printing machine for stretching the fabric
breadthwise so that it may be smooth for printing. Knight.
Scrimpingly
Scrimp"ing*ly, adv. In a scrimping manner.
Scrimpness
Scrimp"ness, n. The state of being scrimp.
Scrimption
Scrimp"tion (?), n. A small portion; a pittance; a little bit. [Prov.
Eng.] Halliwell.
Scrimshaw
Scrim"shaw` (?), v. t. To ornament, as shells, ivory, etc., by
engraving, and (usually) rubbing pigments into the incised lines.
[Sailor's cant. U.S.]
Scrimshaw
Scrim"shaw`, n. A shell, a whale's tooth, or the like, that is
scrimshawed. [Sailor's cant, U.S.]
Scrine
Scrine (?), n. [L. scrinium a case for books, letters, etc.: cf. OF.
escrin, F. \'82crin. See Shrine.] A chest, bookcase, or other place,
where writings or curiosities are deposited; a shrine. [Obs.]
But laid them up in immortial scrine. Spenser.
Scrine
Scrine (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scringed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scringing (?).] [Cf. Cringe.] To cringe. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]
Scrip
Scrip (?), n. [OE. scrippe, probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. &
OSw. skreppa, and also LL. scrippum, OF. esquerpe, escrepe, F.
\'82charpe scarf. Cf. Scarp, Scarf a piece of dress.] A small bag; a
wallet; a satchel. [Archaic] Chaucer.
And in requital ope his leathern scrip. Milton.
Scrip
Scrip, n. [From script.]
1. A small writing, certificate, or schedule; a piece of paper
containing a writing.
Call them generally, man by man, according to the scrip. Shak.
Bills of exchange can not pay our debts abroad, till scrips of
paper can be made current coin. Locke.
2. A preliminary certificate of a subscription to the capital of a
bank, railroad, or other company, or for a share of other joint
property, or a loan, stating the amount of the subscription and the
date of the payment of the installments; as, insurance scrip, consol
scrip, etc. When all the installments are paid, the scrip is exchanged
for a bond share certificate.
3. Paper fractional currency. [Colloq.U.S.]
Scrippage
Scrip"page (?; 48), n. The contents of a scrip, or wallet. [Obs.]
Shak.
Script
Script (?), n. [OE. scrit, L. scriptum something written, fr.
scribere, scriptum to write: cf. OF. escript, , F. \'82crit. See
Scribe, and cf. Scrip a writing.]
1. A writing; a written document. [Obs.] aucer.
2. (Print.) Type made in imitation of handwriting.
3. (Law) An original instrument or document.
4. Written characters; style of writing. <-- 5. The written document
containing the dialogue and action for a drama; the text of a stage
play, movie, or other performance. Especially, the final form used for
the performance itself. -->
Scriptorium
Scrip*to"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Scriptoria (#). [LL. See Scriptory.] In an
abbey or monastery, the room set apart for writing or copying
manuscripts; in general, a room devoted to writing.
Writing rooms, or scriptoria, where the chief works of Latin
literature . . . were copied and illuminated. J. R. Green.
Scriptory
Scrip"to*ry (?), a. [L. scriptorius, fr. scribere, scriptum to write.]
Of or pertaining to writing; expressed in writing; used in writing;
as, scriptory wills; a scriptory reed. [R.] Swift.
Scriptural
Scrip"tur*al (?; 135), a. Contained in the Scriptures; according to
the Scriptures, or sacred oracles; biblical; as, a scriptural
doctrine.
Scripturalism
Scrip"tur*al*ism (?), n. The quality or state of being scriptural;
literal adherence to the Scriptures.
Scripturalist
Scrip"tur*al*ist, n. One who adheres literally to the Scriptures.
Scripturally
Scrip"tur*al*ly, adv. In a scriptural manner.
Scripturalness
Scrip"tur*al*ness, n. Quality of being scriptural.
Scripture
Scrip"ture (?; 135), n. [L. scriptura, fr. scribere, scriptum, to
write: cf. OF. escripture, escriture, F. \'82criture. See Scribe.]
1. Anything written; a writing; a document; an inscription.
I have put it in scripture and in remembrance. Chaucer.
Then the Lord of Manny read the scripture on the tomb, the which
was in Latin. Ld. Berners.
2. The books of the Old and the new Testament, or of either of them;
the Bible; -- used by way of eminence or distinction, and chiefly in
the plural.
There is not any action a man ought to do, or to forbear, but the
Scripture will give him a clear precept or prohibition for it.
South.
Compared with the knowledge which the Scripteres contain, every
other subject of human inquiry is vanity. Buckminster.
3. A passage from the Bible;; a text.
The devil can eite Scripture for his purpose. Shak.
Hanging by the twined thread of one doubtful Scripture. Milton.
Scripturian
Scrip*tu"ri*an (?), n. A Scripturist. [Obs.]
Scripturist
Scrip"tur*ist (?; 135), n. One who is strongly attached to, or versed
in, the Scriptures, or who endeavors to regulate his life by them.
The Puritan was a Scripturist with all his heart, if as yet with
imperfect intelligence . . . he cherished the scheme of looking to
the Word of God as his sole and universal directory. Palfrey.
Scrit
Scrit (?), n. [See Script.] Writing; document; scroll. [Obs.] "Of
every scrit and bond." Chaucer.
Scritch
Scritch (?), n. A screech. [R.]
Perhaps it is the owlet's scritch. Coleridge.
Scrivener
Scrive"ner (? OR ?), n. [From older scrivein, OF. escrivain, F.
\'82crivain, LL. scribanus, from L. scribere to write. See Scribe.]
1. A professional writer; one whose occupation is to draw contracts or
prepare writings. Shak.
The writer better scrivener than clerk. Fuller.
2. One whose business is to place money at interest; a broker. [Obs.]
ryden.
3. A writing master. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Scrivener's palsy. See Writer's cramp, under Writer.
Scrobicula
Scro*bic"u*la (?), n.; pl. Scrobicul\'91 (#). [NL. See Scrobiculate.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of the smooth areas surrounding the tubercles of a sea
urchin.
Scrobicular
Scro*bic"u*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or surrounding,
scrobicul\'91; as, scrobicular tubercles.
Scrobiculate, Scrobiculated
Scro*bic"u*late (?), Scro*bic"u*la`ted (?), a. [L. scrobiculus, dim.
of scrobis a ditch or trench.] (Bot.) Having numerous small, shallow
depressions or hollows; pitted.
Scrod, Scrode
Scrod (?), Scrode (?), n. A young codfish, especially when cut open on
the back and dressed. [Written also escrod.] [Local, U.S.]
Scroddled ware
Scrod"dled ware` (?). Mottled pottery made from scraps of differently
colored clays.
Scrofula
Scrof"u*la (?), n. [L. scrofulae, fr. scrofa a breeding sow, because
swine were supposed to be subject to such a complaint, or by a
fanciful comparison of the glandular swellings to little pigs; perhaps
akin to Gr. scrofules. Cf. Scroyle.] (Med.) A constitutional disease,
generally hereditary, especially manifested by chronic enlargement and
cheesy degeneration of the lymphatic glands, particularly those of the
neck, and marked by a tendency to the development of chronic
intractable inflammations of the skin, mucous membrane, bones, joints,
and other parts, and by a diminution in the power of resistance to
disease or injury and the capacity for recovery. Scrofula is now
generally held to be tuberculous in character, and may develop into
general or local tuberculosis (consumption).
Scrofulide
Scrof"u*lide (? OR ?), n. (Med.) Any affection of the skin dependent
on scrofula.
Scrofulous
Scrof"u*lous (?), a. [Cf. F. scrofuleux.]
1. Pertaining to scrofula, or partaking of its nature; as, scrofulous
tumors; a scrofulous habit of body.
2. Diseased or affected with scrofula.
Scrofulous persons can never be duly nourished. Arbuthnot.
-- Scorf"u*lous*ly, adv. -- Scrof"u*lous*ness, n.
Scrog
Scrog (?), n. [Cf. Scrag, or Gael. sgrogag anything shriveled, from
sgrag to compress, shrivel.] A stunted shrub, bush, or branch. [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]
Scroggy
Scrog"gy (?), a. Abounding in scrog; also, twisted; stunted. [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.
Scroll
Scroll (?), n. [A dim. of OE. scroue, scrowe (whence E. escrow), OF.
escroe, escroue, F. \'82crou entry in the jail book, LL. scroa scroll,
probably of Teutonic origin; cf. OD. schroode a strip, shred, slip of
paper, akin to E. shred. Cf. Shred, Escrow.]
1. A roll of paper or parchment; a writing formed into a roll; a
schedule; a list.
The heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll. Isa. xxxiv. 4.
Here is the scroll of every man's name. Shak.
2. (Arch.) An ornament formed of undulations giving off spirals or
sprays, usually suggestive of plant form. Roman architectural ornament
is largely of some scroll pattern.
3. A mark or flourish added to a person's signature, intended to
represent a seal, and in some States allowed as a substitute for a
seal. [U.S.] Burrill.
4. (Geom.) Same as Skew surface. See under Skew.
Linen scroll (Arch.) See under Linen. -- Scroll chuck (Mach.), an
adjustable chuck, applicable to a lathe spindle, for centering and
holding work, in which the jaws are adjusted and tightened
simultaneously by turning a disk having in its face a spiral groove
which is entered by teeth on the backs of the jaws. -- Scroll saw. See
under Saw.
Scrolled
Scrolled (?), a. Formed like a scroll; contained in a scroll; adorned
with scrolls; as, scrolled work.
Scrophularia
Scroph`u*la"ri*a (?), n. [NL. So called because it was reputed to be
remedy for scrofula.] (Bot.) A genus of coarse herbs having small
flowers in panicled cymes; figwort.
Scrophulariaceous
Scroph`u*la`ri*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a very large
natural order of gamopetalous plants (Scrophulariace\'91, or
Scrophularine\'91), usually having irregular didynamous flowers and a
two-celled pod. The order includes the mullein, foxglove, snapdragon,
figwort, painted cup, yellow rattle, and some exotic trees, as the
Paulownia.
Scrotal
Scro"tal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the scrotum; as, scrotal
hernia.
Scrotiform
Scro"ti*form (?), a. [L. scrotum scrotum + -form.] Purse-shaped;
pouch-shaped.
Scrotocele
Scro"to*cele (?), n. [Scrotum + Gr. scrotoc\'82le.] (Med.) A rupture
or hernia in the scrotum; scrotal hernia.
Scrotum
Scro"tum (?), n. [L.] (Anat.) The bag or pouch which contains the
testicles; the cod.
Scrouge
Scrouge (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain.] To crowd; to squeeze. [Prov.
Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
Scrow
Scrow (? OR ?), n. [See Escrow, Scroll.]
1. A scroll. [Obs.] Palsgrave.
2. A clipping from skins; a currier's cuttings.
Scroyle
Scroyle (?), n. [Cf. OF. escrouselle a kind of vermin, escrouelles,
pl., scrofula, F. \'82crouelles, fr. (assumed) LL. scrofulae. See
Scrofula, and cf. Cruels.] A mean fellow; a wretch. [Obs.] hak.
Scrub
Scrub (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrubbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrubbing.] [OE. scrobben, probably of Dutch or Scand. origin; cf.
Dan. sckrubbe, Sw. skrubba, D. schrobben, LG. schrubben.] To rub hard;
to wash with rubbing; usually, to rub with a wet brush, or with
something coarse or rough, for the purpose of cleaning or brightening;
as, to scrub a floor, a doorplate.
Scrub
Scrub, v. i. To rub anything hard, especially with a wet brush; to
scour; hence, to be diligent and penurious; as, to scrub hard for a
living.
Scrub
Scrub, n.
1. One who labors hard and lives meanly; a mean fellow. "A sorry
scrub." Bunyan.
We should go there in as proper a manner possible; nor altogether
like the scrubs about us. Goldsmith.
2. Something small and mean.
3. A worn-out brush. Ainsworth.
4. A thicket or jungle, often specified by the name of the prevailing
plant; as, oak scrub, palmetto scrub, etc.
5. (Stock Breeding) One of the commen live stock of a region of no
particular breed or not of pure breed, esp. when inferior in size,
etc. [U.S.]
Scrub bird (Zo\'94l.), an Australian passerine bird of the family
Atrichornithid\'91, as Atrichia clamosa; -- called also brush bird. --
Scrub oak (Bot.), the popular name of several dwarfish species of oak.
The scrub oak of New England and the Middle States is Quercus
ilicifolia, a scraggy shrub; that of the Southern States is a small
tree (Q. Catesb\'91i); that of the Rocky Mountain region is Q.
undulata, var. Gambelii. -- Scrub robin (Zo\'94l.), an Australian
singing bird of the genus Drymodes.
Scrub
Scrub, a. Mean; dirty; contemptible; scrubby.
How solitary, how scrub, does this town lokk! Walpole.
No little scrub joint shall come on my board. Swift.
Scrub game, a game, as of ball, by unpracticed players. -- Scrub race,
a race between scrubs, or between untrained animals or contestants.
Scrubbed
Scrub"bed (?), a. Dwarfed or stunted; scrubby.
Scrubber
Scrub"ber (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, scrubs; esp., a brush used in scrubbing.
2. (Gas Manuf.) A gas washer. See under Gas.
Scrubboard
Scrub"board` (?), n. A baseboard; a mopboard.
Scrubby
Scrub"by (?), a. [Compar. Scrubbier (?); superl. Scrubbiest.] Of the
nature of scrub; small and mean; stunted in growth; as, a scrubby cur.
"Dense, scrubby woods." Duke of Argull.
Scrubstone
Scrub"stone` (?), n. A species of calciferous sandstone. [Prov. Eng.]
Scruff
Scruff (?), n. [See Scurf.] Scurf. [Obs.]
Scruff
Scruff, n. [Cf. Scuff.] The nape of the neck; the loose outside skin,
as of the back of the neck.
Scrummage
Scrum"mage (?; 43), n. See Scrimmage.
Scrumptious
Scrump"tious (?), a. Nice; particular; fastidious; excellent; fine.
[Slang]
Scrunch
Scrunch (?), v. t. & v. i. [Cf. Scranch, Crunch.] To scranch; to
crunch. Dickens.
Scruple
Scru"ple (?), n. [L. scrupulus a small sharp or pointed stone, the
twenty-fourth part of an ounce, a scruple, uneasiness, doubt, dim. of
scrupus a rough or sharp stone, anxiety, uneasiness; perh. akin to Gr.
kshura: cf. F. scrupule.]
1. A weight of twenty grains; the third part of a dram.
2. Hence, a very small quantity; a particle.
I will not bate thee a scruple. Shak.
3. Hesitation as to action from the difficulty of determining what is
right or expedient; unwillingness, doubt, or hesitation proceeding
from motives of conscience.
He was made miserable by the conflict between his tastes and his
scruples. Macaulay.
To make scruple, to hesitate from conscientious motives; to scruple.
Locke.
Scruple
Scru"ple, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrupled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skrupling
(?).] To be reluctant or to hesitate, as regards an action, on account
of considerations of conscience or expedience.
We are often over-precise, scrupling to say or do those things
which lawfully we may. Fuller.
Men scruple at the lawfulness of a set form of divine worship.
South.
Scruple
Scru"ple, v. t.
1. To regard with suspicion; to hesitate at; to question.
Others long before them . . . scrupled more the books of hereties
than of gentiles. Milton.
2. To excite scruples in; to cause to scruple. [R.]
Letters which did still scruple many of them. E. Symmons.
Scrupler
Scru"pler (?), n. One who scruples.
Scrupulist
Scru"pu*list (?), n. A scrupler. [Obs.]
Scruou-lize
Scru"ou-lize (?), v. t. To perplex with scruples; to regard with
scruples. [Obs.] Bp. Montagu.
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Scrupulosity
Scru`pu*los"i*ty (?), n. [L. scrupulositas.] The quality or state of
being scruppulous; doubt; doubtfulness respecting decision or action;
caution or tenderness from the far of doing wrong or ofending; nice
regard to exactness and propierty; precision.
The first sacrilege is looked on with horror; but when they have
made the breach, their scrupulosity soon retires. Dr. H. More.
Careful, even to scrupulosity, . . . to keep their Sabbath. South.
Scrupulous
Scru"pu*lous (?), a. [L. scrupulosus: cf. F. scrupuleux.]
1. Full ofscrupules; inclined to scruple; nicely doubtful; hesitating
to determine or to act, from a fear of offending or of doing wrong.
Abusing their liberty, to the offense of their weak brethren which
were scrupulous. Hooker.
2. Careful; cautious; exact; nice; as, scrupulous abstinence from
labor; scrupulous performance of duties.
3. Given to making objections; captious. [Obs.]
Equality of two domestic powers Breed scrupulous faction. Shak.
4. Liable to be doubted; doubtful; nice. [Obs.]
The justice of that cause ought to be evident; not obscrure, not
scrupulous. Bacon.
Syn. -- Cautious; careful; conscientious; hesitating. --
Scru"pu*lous*ly, adv. -- Scru"pu*lous*ness, n.
Scrutable
Scru"ta*ble (?), a. Discoverable by scrutiny, inquiry, or critical
examination. [R.] r. H. More.
Scrutation
Scru*ta"tion (?), n. [L. scrutatio.] Search; scrutiny. [Obs.]
Scrutator
Scru*ta"tor (?), n. [L.] One who scrutinizes; a close examiner or
inquirer. Ayliffe.
Scrutineer
Scru`ti*neer (?), n. A scrutinizer; specifically, an examiner of
votes, as at an election.
Scrutinize
Scru"ti*nize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrutinized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrutinizing (?).] [From Scrutiny.] To examine closely; to inspect or
observe with critical attention; to regard narrowly; as, to scrutinize
the measures of administration; to scrutinize the conduct or motives
of individuals.
Whose votes they were obliged to scrutinize. Ayliffe.
Thscrutinized his face the closest. G. W. Cable.
Scrutinize
Scru"ti*nize, v. i. To make scrutiny.
Scrutinizer
Scru"ti*ni`zer (?), n. One who scrutinizes.
Scrutinous
Scru"ti*nous (?), a. Closely examining, or inquiring; careful;
sctrict. -- Scru"ti*nous*ly, adv.
Scrutiny
Scru"ti*ny (?), n. [L. scrutinium, fr. scrutari to search carefuly,
originally, to search even to the rags, fr. scruta trash, trumpery;
perhaps akin to E. shred: cf. AS. scrudnian to make scrutiny.]
1. Close examination; minute inspection; critical observation.
They that have designed exactness and deep scrutiny have taken some
one part of nature. Sir M. Hale.
Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view And narrower
scrutiny. Milton.
2. (Anc. Church) An examination of catechumens, in the last week of
Lent, who were to receive baptism on Easter Day.
3. (Canon Law) A ticket, or little paper billet, on which a vote is
written.
4. (Parliamentary Practice) An examination by a committee of the votes
given at an election, for the purpose of correcting the poll. Brande &
C.
Scrutiny
Scru"ti*ny, v. t. To scrutinize. [Obs.]
Scrutoire
Scru*toire" (?), n. [OF. escritoire. See Escritoire.] A escritoire; a
writing desk.
Scruze
Scruze (?), v. t. [Cf. Excruciate.] To squeeze, compress, crush, or
bruise. [Obs. or Low] Spenser.
Scry
Scry (?), v. t. To descry. [Obs.] Spenser.
Scry
Scry, n. [From Scry, v.] A flock of wild fowl.
Scry
Scry, n. [OE. ascrie, fr. ascrien to cry out, fr. OF. escrier, F.
s'\'82crier. See Ex-, and Cry.] A cry or shout. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.
Scud
Scud (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scudded; p. pr. & vb. n. Scudding.]
[Dan. skyde to shoot, shove, push, akin to skud shot, gunshot, a
shoot, young bough, and to E. shoot. &root;159. See Shoot.]
1. To move swiftly; especially, to move as if driven forward by
something.
The first nautilus that scudded upon the glassy surface of warm
primeval oceans. I. Taylor.
The wind was high; the vast white clouds scudded over the blue
heaven. Beaconsfield.
2. (Naut.) To be driven swiftly, or to run, before a gale, with little
or no sail spread.
Scud
Scud, v. t. To pass over quickly. [R.] Shenstone.
Scud
Scud, n.
1. The act of scudding; a driving along; a rushing with precipitation.
2. Loose, vapory clouds driven swiftly by the wind.
Borne on the scud of the sea. Longfellow.
The scud was flying fast above us, throwing a veil over the moon.
Sir S. Baker.
3. A slight, sudden shower. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A small flight of larks, or other birds, less than a
flock. [Prov. Eng.]
5. (Zo\'94l.) Any swimming amphipod crustacean.
Storm scud. See the Note under Cloud.
Scuddle
Scud"dle (?), v. i. [Freq. of scud: cf. Scuttle to hurry.] To run
hastily; to hurry; to scuttle.
Scudo
Scu"do (?), n.; pl. Scudi (#). [It., a crown, a dollar, a shield, fr.
L. scutum a shield. Cf. Scute.] (Com.) (a) A silver coin, and money of
account, used in Italy and Sicily, varying in value, in different
parts, but worth about 4 shillings sterling, or about 96 cents; also,
a gold coin worth about the same. (b) A gold coin of Rome, worth 64
shillings 11 pence sterling, or about $ 15.70.
Scuff
Scuff (?), n. [Cf. D. schoft shoulder, Goth. skuft hair of the head.
Cf. Scruff.] The back part of the neck; the scruff. [Prov. Eng.] Ld.
Lytton.
Scuff
Scuff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scuffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scuffing.]
[See Scuffle.] To walk without lifting the feet; to proceed with a
scraping or dragging movement; to shuffle.
Scuffle
Scuf"fle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scuffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scuffling (?).] [Freq. of scuff, v.i.; cf. Sw. skuffa to push, shove,
skuff a push, Dan. skuffe a drawer, a shovel, and E. shuffle, shove.
See Shove, and cf. Shuffle.]
1. To strive or struggle with a close grapple; to wrestle in a rough
fashion.
2. Hence, to strive or contend tumultuously; to struggle confusedly or
at haphazard.
A gallant man had rather fight to great disadvantage in the field,
in an orderly way, than scuffle with an undisciplined rabble. Eikon
Basilike.
Scuffle
Scuf"fle, n.
1. A rough, haphazard struggle, or trial of strength; a disorderly
wrestling at close quarters.
2. Hence, a confused contest; a tumultuous struggle for superiority; a
fight.
The dog leaps upon the serpent, and tears it to pieces; but in the
scuffle the cradle happened to be overturned. L'Estrange.
3. A child's pinafore or bib. [Prov. Eng.]
4. A garden hoe. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Scuffler
Scuf"fler (?), n.
1. One who scuffles.
2. An agricultural implement resembling a scarifier, but usually
lighter.
Scug
Scug (?), v. i. [Cf. Dan. skugge to darken, a shade, SW. skugga to
shade, a shade, Icel. skuggja to shade, skuggi a shade.] To hide.
[Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Scug
Scug, n. A place of shelter; the declivity of a hill. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Sculk, Sculker
Sculk (?), Sculk"er (?). See Skulk, Skulker.
Scull
Scull (?), n. (Anat.) The skull. [Obs.]
Scull
Scull, n. [See 1st School.] A shoal of fish. Milton.
Scull
Scull, n. [Of uncertain origin; cf. Icel. skola to wash.]
1. (Naut.) (a) A boat; a cockboat. See Sculler. (b) One of a pair of
short oars worked by one person. (c) A single oar used at the stern in
propelling a boat.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The common skua gull. [Prov. Eng.]
Scull
Scull, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sculled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sculling.]
(Naut.) To impel (a boat) with a pair of sculls, or with a single
scull or oar worked over the stern obliquely from side to side.
Scull
Scull, v. i. To impel a boat with a scull or sculls.
Sculler
Scull"er (?), n.
1. A boat rowed by one man with two sculls, or short oars. [R.]
Dryden.
2. One who sculls.
Scullery
Scul"ler*y (?), n.; pl. Sculleries (#). [Probably originally, a place
for washing dishes, and for swillery, fr. OE. swilen to wash, AS.
swilian (see Swill to wash, to drink), but influenced either by Icel.
skola, skyla, Dan. skylle, or by OF. escuelier a place for keeping
dishes, fr. escuele a dish, F. \'82cuelle, fr. L. scutella a salver,
waiter (cf. Scuttle a basket); or perhaps the English word is
immediately from the OF. escuelier; cf. OE. squyllare a dishwasher.]
1. A place where dishes, kettles, and culinary utensils, are cleaned
and kept; also, a room attached to the kitchen, where the coarse work
is done; a back kitchen.
2. Hence, refuse; fifth; offal. [Obs.] auden.
Scullion
Scul"lion (?), n. (Bot.) A scalion.
Scullion
Scul"lion, n. [OF. escouillon (Cot.) a dishclout, apparently for
escouvillon, F. \'82couvillon a swab; cf. also OF. souillon a servant
employed for base offices. Cf. Scovel.] A servant who cleans pots and
kettles, and does other menial services in the kitchen.
The meanest scullion that followed his camp. South.
Scullionly
Scul"lion*ly, a. Like a scullion; base. [Obs.] Milton.
Sculp
Sculp (?), v. t. [See Sculptor.] To sculpture; to carve; to engrave.
[Obs. or Humorous.] Sandys.
Sculpin
Scul"pin (?), n. [Written also skulpin.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of
numerous species of marine cottoid fishes of the genus Cottus, or
Acanthocottus, having a large head armed with sharp spines, and a
broad mouth. They are generally mottled with yellow, brown, and black.
Several species are found on the Atlantic coasts of Europe and
America. (b) A large cottoid market fish of California
(Scorp\'91nichthys marmoratus); -- called also bighead, cabezon,
scorpion, salpa. (c) The dragonet, or yellow sculpin, of Europe
(Callionymus lura).
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is also applied to other related California
species.
Deep-water sculpin, the sea raven.
Sculptile
Sculp"tile (?), a. [L. sculptilis. See Sculptor.] Formed by carving;
graven; as, sculptile images. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Sculptor
Sculp"tor (?), n. [L. sculptor, fr. sculpere, sculptum, to carve; cf.
scalpere to cut, carve, scratch, and Gr. sculpteur.]
1. One who sculptures; one whose occupation is to carve statues, or
works of sculpture.
2. Hence, an artist who designs works of sculpture, his first studies
and his finished model being usually in a plastic material, from which
model the marble is cut, or the bronze is cast.
Sculptress
Sculp"tress (?), n. A female sculptor.
Sculptural
Sculp"tur*al (?; 135), a. Of or pertaining to sculpture. G. Eliot.
Sculpture
Sculp"ture (?; 135), n. [L. sculptura: cf. F. sculpture.]
1. The art of carving, cutting, or hewing wood, stone, metal, etc.,
into statues, ornaments, etc., or into figures, as of men, or other
things; hence, the art of producing figures and groups, whether in
plastic or hard materials.
2. Carved work modeled of, or cut upon, wood, stone, metal, etc.
There, too, in living sculpture, might be seen The mad affection of
the Cretan queen. Dryden.
Sculpture
Sculp"ture (?; 135), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sculptured (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Sculpturing.] To form with the chisel on, in, or from, wood, stone, or
metal; to carve; to engrave. Sculptured tortoise (Zo\'94l.), a common
North American wood tortoise (Glyptemys insculpta). The shell is
marked with strong grooving and ridges which resemble sculptured
figures.
Sculpturesque
Sculp`tur*esque" (?), a. After the manner of sculpture; resembling, or
relating to, sculpture.
Scum
Scum (?), n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. skum, Icel. sk, LG.
schum, D. schuim, OHG. sc, G. schaum; probably from a root meaning, to
cover. &root;158. Cf. Hide skin, Meerschaum, Skim, v., Sky.]
1. The extraneous matter or impurities which rise to the surface of
liquids in boiling or fermentation, or which form on the surface by
other means; also, the scoria of metals in a molten state; dross.
Some to remove the scum it did rise. Spenser.
2. refuse; recrement; anything vile or worthless.
The great and innocent are insulted by the scum and refuse of the
people. Addison.
Scum
Scum, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scummed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scumming (?).]
1. To take the scum from; to clear off the impure matter from the
surface of; to skim.
You that scum the molten lead. Dryden & Lee.
2. To sweep or range over the surface of. [Obs.]
Wandering up and down without certain seat, they lived by scumming
those seas and shores as pirates. Milton.
Scum
Scum, v. i. To form a scum; to become covered with scum. Also used
figuratively.
Life, and the interest of life, have stagnated and scummed over. A.
K. H. Boyd.
Scumber
Scum"ber (?), v. i. [Cf. Discumber.] To void excrement. [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] Massinger.
Scumber
Scum"ber, n. Dung. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Scumble
Scum"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scumbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scumbling (?).] [Freq. of scum. &root; 158.] (Fine Arts) To cover
lighty, as a painting, or a drawing, with a thin wash of opaque color,
or with color-crayon dust rubbed on with the stump, or to make any
similar additions to the work, so as to produce a softened effect.
Scumbling
Scum"bling (?), n.
1. (Fine Arts) (a) A mode of obtaining a softened effect, in painting
and drawing, by the application of a thin layer of opaque color to the
surface of a painting, or part of the surface, which is too bright in
color, or which requires harmonizing. (b) In crayon drawing, the use
of the stump.
2. The color so laid on. Also used figuratively.
Shining above the brown scumbling of leafless orchards. L. Wallace.
Scummer
Scum"mer (?), v. i. To scumber. [Obs.] Holland.
Scummer
Scum"mer, n. Excrement; scumber. [Obs.]
Scummer
Scum"mer, n. [Cf. OF. escumoire, F. \'82cumoire. See Scum, and cf.
Skimmer.] An instrument for taking off scum; a skimmer.
Scumming
Scum"ming (?), n. (a) The act of taking off scum. (b) That which is
scummed off; skimmings; scum; -- used chiefly in the plural.
Scummy
Scum"my (?), a. Covered with scum; of the nature of scum. Sir P.
Sidney.
Scunner
Scun"ner (?), v. t. [Cf. Shun.] To cause to loathe, or feel disgust
at. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Scunner
Scun"ner, v. i. To have a feeling of loathing or disgust; hence, to
have dislike, prejudice, or reluctance. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] C.
Kingsley.
Scunner
Scun"ner, n. A feeling of disgust or loathing; a strong prejudice;
abhorrence; as, to take a scunner against some one. [Scot. & Prov.
Eng.] Carlyle.
Scup
Scup (?), n. [D. schop.] A swing. [Local, U.S.]
Scup
Scup, n. [Contr. fr. American Indian mishc\'97p, fr. mishe-kuppi
large, thick-scaled.] (Zo\'94l.) A marine sparoid food fish
(Stenotomus chrysops, or S. argyrops), common on the Atlantic coast of
the United States. It appears bright silvery when swimming in the
daytime, but shows broad blackish transverse bands at night and when
dead. Called also porgee, paugy, porgy, scuppaug.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sa me na mes are also applied to a closely allied
Southern species. (Stenotomus Gardeni).
Scuppaug
Scup"paug (?), n. [Contr. fr. Amer. Indian mishcuppauog, pl. of
mishcup.] (Zo\'94l.) See 2d Scup.
Scupper
Scup"per (?), n. [OF. escopir, escupir, to spit, perhaps for escospir,
L. ex + conspuere to spit upon; pref. con- + spuere to spit. Cf. Spit,
v.] (Naut.) An opening cut through the waterway and bulwarks of a
ship, so that water falling on deck may flow overboard; -- called also
scupper hole.
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Page 1295
Scupper hose (Naut.), a pipe of leather, canvas, etc., attached to the
mouth of the scuppers, on the outside of a vessel, to prevent the
water from entering. Totten. -- Scupper nail (Naut.), a nail with a
very broad head, for securing the edge of the hose to the scupper. --
Scupper plug (Naut.), a plug to stop a scupper. Totten.
Scuppernong
Scup"per*nong (?), n. [Probably of American Indian origin.] (Bot.) An
American grape, a form of Vitis vulpina, found in the Southern
Atlantic States, and often cultivated.
Scur
Scur (?), v. i. [Cf. Scour to run.] To move hastily; to scour. [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Scurf
Scurf (?), n. [AS. scurf, sceorf, or from Scand.; cf. Sw. skorf, Dan.
skurv, Icel. skurfur, D. schurft, G. schorf; all akin to AS. scurf,
and to AS. sceorfan to scrape, to gnaw, G. sch\'81rfen to scrape, and
probably also to E. scrape. Cf. Scurvy.]
1. Thin dry scales or scabs upon the body; especially, thin scales
exfoliated from the cuticle, particularly of the scalp; dandruff.
2. Hence, the foul remains of anything adherent.
The scurf is worn away of each committed crime. Dryden.
3. Anything like flakes or scales adhering to a surface.
There stood a hill not far, whose grisly top Belched fire and
rolling smoke; the rest entire Shone with a glossy scurf. Milton.
4. (Bot.) Minute membranous scales on the surface of some leaves, as
in the goosefoot. Gray.
Scurff
Scurff (?), n. The bull trout. [Prov. Eng.]
Scurfiness
Scurf"i*ness, n.
1. Quality or state of being scurfy.
2. (Bot.) Scurf.
Scurfy
Scurf"y (?), a. [Compar. Scurfier (?); superl. Scurfiest.] Having or
producing scurf; covered with scurf; resembling scurf.
Scurrier
Scur"ri*er (?), n. One who scurries.
Scurrile
Scur"rile (?), a. [L. scurrilis, fr. scurra a bufoon, jester: cf. F.
scurrile.] Such as befits a buffoon or vulgar jester; grossly
opprobrious or loudly jocose in language; scurrilous; as, scurrile
taunts.
The wretched affectation of scurrile laughter. Cowley.
A scurrile or obscene jest will better advance you at the court of
Charles than father's ancient name. Sir W. Scott.
Scurrility
Scur*ril"i*ty (?), n. [L. scurrilitas: cf. F.scurrilit\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being scurrile or scurrilous; mean, vile,
or obscene jocularity.
Your reasons . . . have been sharp and sententious, pleasant
without scurrility. Shak.
2. That which is scurrile or scurrilous; gross or obscene language;
low buffoonery; vulgar abuse.
Interrupting prayers and sermons with clamor and scurrility.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Scurrilousness; abuse; insolence; vulgarity; indecency.
Scurrilous
Scur"ril*ous (?), a. [See Scurrile.]
1. Using the low and indecent language of the meaner sort of people,
or such as only the license of buffoons can warrant; as, a scurrilous
fellow.
2. Containing low indecency or abuse; mean; foul; vile; obscenely
jocular; as, scurrilous language.
The absurd and scurrilous sermon which had very unwisely been
honored with impeachment. Macaulay.
Syn. -- Opprobrious; abusive; reproachful; insulting; insolent;
offensive; gross; vile; vulgar; low; foul; foul-mounthed; indecent;
scurrile; mean. -- Scur"ril*ous*ly, adv. -- Scur"ril*ous*ness, n.
Scurrit
Scur"rit (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) the lesser tern (Sterna minuta). [Prov.
Eng.]
Scurry
Scur"ry (?), v. i. [Cf. Scur, Skirr.] To hasten away or along; to move
rapidly; to hurry; as, the rabbit scurried away.
Scurry
Scur"ry, n. Act of scurring; hurried movement.
Scurvily
Scur"vi*ly (?), adv. In a scurvy manner.
Scurviness
Scur"vi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being scurvy; vileness;
meanness.
Scurvy
Scur"vy (?), a. [Compar. Scurvier (?); superl. Scurviest.] [From
Scurf; cf. Scurvy, n.]
1. Covered or affected with scurf or scabs; scabby; scurfy;
specifically, diseased with the scurvy. "Whatsoever man . . . be
scurvy or scabbed." lev. xxi. 18, 20.
2. Vile; mean; low; vulgar; contemptible. "A scurvy trick." Ld.
Lytton.
That scurvy custom of taking tobacco. Swift.
[He] spoke spoke such scurvy and provoking terms. Shak.
Scurvy
Scur"vy, n. [Probably from the same source as scirbute, but influenced
by scurf, scurfy, scurvy, adj.; cf. D. scheurbuik scurvy, G.
scharbock, LL. scorbutus. Cf. Scorbute.] (Med.) A disease
characterized by livid spots, especially about the thighs and legs,
due to extravasation of blood, and by spongy gums, and bleeding from
almost all the mucous membranes. It is accompanied by paleness,
languor, depression, and general debility. It is occasioned by
confinement, innutritious food, and hard labor, but especially by lack
of fresh vegetable food, or confinement for a long time to a limited
range of food, which is incapable of repairing the waste of the
system. It was formerly prevalent among sailors and soldiers.<--
caused by lack of vitamin C --> Scurvy grass [Scurvy + grass; or cf.
Icel. skarfak\'bel scurvy grass.] (Bot.) A kind of cress (Cochlearia
officinalis) growing along the seacoast of Northern Europe and in
arctic regions. It is a remedy for the scurvy, and has proved a
valuable food to arctic explorers. The name is given also to other
allied species of plants.
Scut
Scut (?), n. [Cf. Icel. skott a fox's tail. &root; 159.] [Obs.] The
tail of a hare, or of a deer, or other animal whose tail is short, sp.
when carried erect; hence, sometimes, the animal itself. "He ran like
a scut." Skelton.
How the Indian hare came to have a long tail, wheras that part in
others attains no higher than a scut. Sir T. Browne.
My doe with the black scut. Shak.
Scuta
Scu"ta (?), n. pl. See Scutum.
Scutage
Scu"tage (?; 48), n. [LL. scutagium, from L. scutum a shield.] (Eng.
Hist.) Shield money; commutation of service for a sum of money. See
Escuage.
Scutal
Scu"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a shield.
A good example of these scutal monstrosities. Cussans.
Scutate
Scu"tate (?), a. [L. scutatus armed with a shield, from scutum a
shield.]
1. Buckler-shaped; round or nearly round.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Protected or covered by bony or horny plates, or large
scales.
Scutch
Scutch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scutched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scutching.] [See Scotch to cut slightly.]
1. To beat or whip; to drub. [Old or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
2. To separate the woody fiber from (flax, hemp, etc.) by beating; to
swingle.
3. To loosen and dress the fiber of (cotton or silk) by beating; to
free (fibrous substances) from dust by beating and blowing.
Scutching machine, a machine used to scutch cotton, silk, or flax; --
called also batting machine.
Scutch
Scutch, n.
1. A wooden instrument used in scutching flax and hemp.
2. The woody fiber of flax; the refuse of scutched flax. "The smoke of
the burning scutch." Cuthbert Bede.
Scutcheon
Scutch"eon (?), n. [Aphetic form of escutcheon.]
1. An escutcheon; an emblazoned shield. Bacon.
The corpse lay in state, with all the pomp of scutcheons, wax
lights, black hangings, and mutes. Macaulay.
2. A small plate of metal, as the shield around a keyhole. See
Escutcheon, 4.
Scutcheoned
Scutch"eoned (?), a. Emblazoned on or as a shield.
Scutcheoned panes in cloisters old. Lowell.
Scutcher
Scutch"er (?), n.
1. One who scutches.
2. An implement or machine for scutching hemp, flax, or cotton; etc.;
a scutch; a scutching machine.
Scutch grass
Scutch" grass` (?). (Bot.) A kind of pasture grass (Cynodon Dactylon).
See Bermuda grass: also Illustration in Appendix.
Scute
Scute (?), n. [L. scutum a shield, a buckler. See Scudo.]
1. A small shield. [Obs.] Skelton.
2. An old French gold coin of the value of 3s. 4d. sterling, or about
80 cents.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A bony scale of a reptile or fish; a large horny scale
on the leg of a bird, or on the belly of a snake.
Scutella
Scu*tel"la (?), n. pl. See Scutellum.
Scutella
Scu*tel"la, n.; pl. Scutelle (#). [NL., fem. dim. of L. scutum.]
(Zo\'94l.) See Scutellum, n., 2.
Scutellate, Scutellated
Scu"tel*late (?), Scu"tel*la`ted (?), a. [L. scutella a dish, salver.
Cf. Scuttle a basket.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Formed like a plate or salver; composed of platelike
surfaces; as, the scutellated bone of a sturgeon. Woodward.
2. [See Scutellum.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the tarsi covered with broad
transverse scales, or scutella; -- said of certain birds.
Scutellation
Scu`tel*la"tion (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) the entire covering, or mode of
arrangement, of scales, as on the legs and feet of a bird.
Scutelliform
Scu*tel"li*form (?), a. [L. scutella a dish + -form.]
1. Scutellate.
2. (Bot.) Having the form of a scutellum.
Scutelliplantar
Scu*tel`li*plan"tar (?), a. [L. scutellus a shield + planta foot.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having broad scutella on the front, and small scales on the
posterior side, of the tarsus; -- said of certain birds.
Scutellum
Scu*tel"lum (?), n.; pl. Scutella (#). [NL., neut. dim. of L. scutum a
shield.]
1. (Bot.) A rounded apothecium having an elevated rim formed of the
proper thallus, the fructification of certain lichens.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The third of the four pieces forming the upper part
of a thoracic segment of an insect. It follows the scutum, and is
followed by the small postscutellum; a scutella. See Thorax. (b) One
of the transverse scales on the tarsi and toes of birds; a scutella.
Scutibranch
Scu"ti*branch (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Scutibranchiate. -- n. One of the
Scutibranchiata.
Scutibranchia
Scu`ti*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Scutibranchiata.
Scutibranchian
Scu`ti*bran"chi*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Scutibranchiata.
Scutibranchiata
Scu`ti*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Scutum, and Branchia.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of gastropod Mollusca having a heart with two
auricles and one ventricle. The shell may be either spiral or
shieldlike.
NOTE: &hand; It is no w us ually re garded as including only the
Rhipidoglossa and the Docoglossa. When originally established, it
included a heterogenous group of mollusks having shieldlike shells,
such as Haliotis, Fissurella, Carinaria, etc.
Scutibranchiate
Scu`ti*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the gills protected by a
shieldlike shell; of or pertaining to the Scutibranchiata. -- n. One
of the Scutibranchiata.
Scutiferous
Scu*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. scutum shield + -ferous.] Carrying a shield
or buckler.
Scutiform
Scu"ti*form (?), a. [L. scutum shield + -form: cf. F. scutiforme.]
Shield-shaped; scutate.
Scutiger
Scu"ti*ger (?), n. [NL., fr. L. scutum shield + gerere to bear.]
(Zo\'94l.) Any species of chilopod myriapods of the genus Scutigera.
They sometimes enter buildings and prey upon insects.
Scutiped
Scu"ti*ped (?), a. [L. scutum a shield + pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F.
scutip\'8ade.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior surface of the tarsus
covered with scutella, or transverse scales, in the form of incomplete
bands terminating at a groove on each side; -- said of certain birds.
Scuttle
Scut"tle (?), n. [AS. scutel a dish, platter; cf. Icel. skutill; both
fr. L. scutella, dim. of scutra, scuta, a dish or platter; cf. scutum
a shield. Cf. Skillet.]
1. A broad, shallow basket.
2. A wide-mouthed vessel for holding coal: a coal hod.
Scuttle
Scut"tle, v. i. [For scuddle, fr. scud.] To run with affected
precipitation; to hurry; to bustle; to scuddle.
With the first dawn of day, old Janet was scuttling about the house
to wake the baron. Sir W. Scott.
Scuttle
Scut"tle, n. A quick pace; a short run. Spectator.
Scuttle
Scut"tle (?), n. [OF. escoutille, F. \'82scoutille, cf. Sp. escotilla;
probably akin to Sp. escoter to cut a thing so as to make it fit, to
hollow a garment about the neck, perhaps originally, to cut a
bosom-shaped piece out, and of Teutonic origin; cf. D. schoot lap,
bosom, G. schoss, Goth. skauts the hem of a garnment. Cf. Sheet an
expanse.]
1. A small opening in an outside wall or covering, furnished with a
lid. Specifically: (a) (Naut.) A small opening or hatchway in the deck
of a ship, large enough to admit a man, and with a lid for covering
it, also, a like hole in the side or bottom of a ship. (b) An opening
in the roof of a house, with a lid.
2. The lid or door which covers or closes an opening in a roof, wall,
or the like.
Scuttle butt, OR Scuttle cask (Naut.), a butt or cask with a large
hole in it, used to contain the fresh water for daily use in a
ship.<-- se scuttlebutt --> Totten.
Scuttle
Scut"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scuttled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Scuttling.]
1. To cut a hole or holes through the bottom, deck, or sides of (as of
a ship), for any purpose.
2. To sink by making holes through the bottom of; as, to scuttle a
ship. <-- Scuttlebutt. 1. scuttle butt. 2. A drinking fountain on
boards a ship or at a naval station. 3. The latest gossip; rumors. -->
Scutum
Scu"tum (?), n.; pl. Scuta (#). [L.]
1. (Rom. Antiq.) An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered
with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; -- carried chiefly by the
heavy-armed infantry.
2. (O. Eng. Law) A penthouse or awning. [Obs.] Burrill.
3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The second and largest of the four parts forming the
upper surface of a thoracic segment of an insect. It is preceded by
the prescutum and followed by the scutellum. See the Illust. under
Thorax. (b) One of the two lower valves of the operculum of a
barnacle.
Scybala
Scyb"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Hardened masses of feces.
Scye
Scye (?), n. Arm scye, a cutter's term for the armhole or part of the
armhole of the waist of a garnment. [Cant]
Scyle
Scyle (?), v. t. [AS. scylan to withdraw or remowe.] To hide; to
secrete; to conceal. [Obs.]
Scylla
Scyl"la (?), n. A dangerous rock on the Italian coast opposite the
whirpool Charybdis on the coast of Sicily, -- both personified in
classical literature as ravenous monsters. The passage between them
was formerly considered perilous; hence, the saying "Between Scylla
and Charybdis," signifying a great peril on either hand.
Scyll\'91a
Scyl*l\'91"a (?), n. [NL. See Scylla.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of oceanic
nudibranchiate mollusks having the small branched gills situated on
the upper side of four fleshy lateral lobes, and on the median caudal
crest.
NOTE: &hand; In co lor and form these mollusks closely imitate the
fronds of sargassum and other floathing seaweeds among which they
live.
Scyllarian
Scyl*la"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a family (Scyllarid\'91) of
macruran Crustacea, remarkable for the depressed form of the body, and
the broad, flat antenn\'91. Also used adjectively.
Scyllite
Scyl"lite (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline substance of a sweetish
taste, resembling inosite and metameric with dextrose. It is extracted
from the kidney of the dogfish (of the genus Scylium), the shark, and
the skate.
Scymetar
Scym"e*tar (?), n. See Scimiter.
Scypha
Scy"pha (?), n.; pl. Scyphae (#). [NL.] (Bot.) See Scyphus, 2 (b).
Scyphiform
Scy"phi*form (?), a. [L. scyphus a cup + -form.] (Bot.) Cup-shaped.
Scyphistoma
Scy*phis"to*ma (?), n.; pl. Scyphistomata (#), Scyphistom\'91 (#).
[NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The young attached larva of Discophora in the
stage when it resembles a hydroid, or actinian.
Scyphobranchii
Scy`pho*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
fishes including the blennioid and gobioid fishes, and other related
families.
Scyphomeduse
Scy`pho*me*du"se (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. medusa.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Acraspeda, or Discophora.
Scyphophori
Scy*phoph"o*ri (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
fresh-water fishes inhabiting tropical Africa. They have rudimentary
electrical organs on each side of the tail.
Scyphus
Scy"phus (?), n.; pl. Scyphi (#). [L., a cup, Gr.
1. (Antiq.) A kind of large drinking cup, -- used by Greeks and
Romans, esp. by poor folk.
2. (Bot.) (a) The cup of a narcissus, or a similar appendage to the
corolla in other flowers. (b) A cup-shaped stem or podetium in
lichens. Also called scypha. See Illust. of Cladonia pyxidata, under
Lichen.
Scythe
Scythe (s&imac;th), n. [OE. sithe, AS. s\'c6\'ebe, sig\'ebe; akin to
Icel. sig\'ebr a sickle, LG. segd, seged, seed, seid, OHG. segansa
sickle, scythe, G. sense scythe, and to E. saw a cutting instrument.
See Saw.] [Written also sithe and sythe.]
1. An instrument for mowing grass, grain, or the like, by hand,
composed of a long, curving blade, with a sharp edge, made fast to a
long handle, called a snath, which is bent into a form convenient for
use.
The sharp-edged scythe shears up the spiring grass. Dryden.
The scythe of Time mows down. Milton.
2. (Antiq.) A scythe-shaped blade attached to ancient war chariots.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1296
Scythe
Scythe (?), v. t. To cut with a scythe; to cut off as with a scythe;
to mow. [Obs.]
Time had not scythed all that youth begun. Shak.
Scythed
Scythed (?), a. Armed scythes, as a chariot.
Chariots scythed, On thundering axles rolled. Glover.
Scytheman
Scythe"man (?), n.; pl. Scythemen (. One who uses a scythe; a mower.
Macaulay.
Scythestone
Scythe"stone` (?), n. A stone for sharpening scythes; a whetstone.
Scythewhet
Scythe"whet` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Wilson's thrush; -- so called from its
note. [Local, U.S.]
Scythian
Scyth"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Scythia (a name given to the
northern part of Asia, and Europe adjoining to Asia), or its language
or inhabitants. Scythian lamb. (Bot.) See Barometz.
Scythian
Scyth"i*an, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Scythia; specifically (Ethnol.), one of a
Slavonic race which in early times occupied Eastern Europe.
2. The language of the Scythians.
Scytodermata
Scy`to*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Holothurioidea.
Sdan
Sdan (?), v. & n. Disdain. [Obs.] Spenser.
'Sdeath
'Sdeath (?), interj. [Corrupted fr. God's death.] An exclamation
expressive of impatience or anger. Shak.
Sdeign
Sdeign (?), v. t. To disdain. [Obs.]
But either sdeigns with other to partake. Spenser.
Sea
Sea (?), n. [OE. see, AS. s&aemac;; akin to D. zee, OS. & OHG.
s&emac;o, G. see, OFries. se, Dan. s\'94, Sw. sj\'94, Icel. s\'91r,
Goth. saiws, and perhaps to L. saevus firce, savage. &root; 151 a.]
1. One of the larger bodies of salt water, less than an ocean, found
on the earth's surface; a body of salt water of second rank, generally
forming part of, or connecting with, an ocean or a larger sea; as, the
Mediterranean Sea; the Sea of Marmora; the North Sea; the Carribean
Sea.
2. An inland body of water, esp. if large or if salt or brackish; as,
the Caspian Sea; the Sea of Aral; sometimes, a small fresh-water lake;
as, the Sea of Galilee.
3. The ocean; the whole body of the salt water which covers a large
part of the globe.
I marvel how the fishes live in the sea. Shak.
Ambiguous between sea and land The river horse and scaly crocodile.
Milton.
4. The swell of the ocean or other body of water in a high wind;
motion of the water's surface; also, a single wave; a billow; as,
there was a high sea after the storm; the vessel shipped a sea.
5. (Jewish Antiq.) A great brazen laver in the temple at Jerusalem; --
so called from its size.
He made a molten sea of ten cubits from brim to brim, round in
compass, and five cubits the height thereof. 2 Chron. iv. 2.
6. Fig.: Anything resembling the sea in vastness; as, a sea of glory.
Shak.
All the space . . . was one sea of heads. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Se a is of ten us ed in th e composition of words of
obvious signification; as, sea-bathed, sea-beaten, sea-bound,
sea-bred, sea-circled, sealike, sea-nursed, sea-tossed, sea-walled,
sea-worn, and the like. It is also used either adjectively or in
combination with substantives; as, sea bird, sea-bird, or seabird,
sea acorn, or sea-acorn.
At sea, upon the ocean; away from land; figuratively, without
landmarks for guidance; lost; at the mercy of circumstances. "To say
the old man was at sea would be too feeble an expression." G. W. Cable
-- At full sea at the height of flood tide; hence, at the height. "But
now God's mercy was at full sea." Jer. Taylor. -- Beyond seas, OR
Beyond the sea OR the seas (Law), out of the state, territory, realm,
or country. Wharton. -- Half seas over, half drunk. [Colloq.]
Spectator. -- Heavy sea, a sea in which the waves run high. -- Long
sea, a sea characterized by the uniform and steady motion of long and
extensive waves. -- Short sea, a sea in which the waves are short,
broken, and irregular, so as to produce a tumbling or jerking motion.
-- To go to sea, a adopt the calling or occupation of a sailor.
Sea acorn
Sea" a"corn (?). (Zo\'94l.) An acorn barnacle (Balanus).
Sea adder
Sea" ad"der (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European fifteen-spined
stickleback (Gasterosteus spinachia); -- called also bismore. (b) The
European tanglefish, or pipefish (Syngnathus acus).
Sea anchor
Sea" an"chor (?). (Naut.) See Drag sail, under 4th Drag.
Sea amenone
Sea" a*men"o*ne (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
soft-bodied Anthozoa, belonging to the order Actrinaria; an actinian.
NOTE: &hand; Th ey ha ve th e or al di sk surrounded by one or more
circles of simple tapering tentacles, which are often very
numerous, and when expanded somewhat resemble the petals of
flowers, with colors varied and often very beautiful.
Sea ape
Sea" ape` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The thrasher shark. (b) The sea otter.
Sea apple
Sea" ap"ple (?). (Bot.) The fruit of a West Indian palm (Manicaria
Plukenetii), often found floating in the sea. A. Grisebach.
Sea arrow
Sea" ar"row (?). (Zo\'94l.) A squid of the genus Ommastrephes. See
Squid.
Sea bank
Sea" bank` (?).
1. The seashore. Shak.
2. A bank or mole to defend against the sea.
Sea-bar
Sea"-bar` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A tern.
Sea barrow
Sea" bar"row (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea purse.
Sea bass
Sea" bass`. ((Zo\'94l.) (a) A large marine food fish (Serranus, OR
Centropristis, atrarius) which abounds on the Atlantic coast of the
United States. It is dark bluish, with black bands, and more or less
varied with small white spots and blotches. Called also, locally, blue
bass, black sea bass, blackfish, bluefish, and black perch. (b) A
California food fish (Cynoscion nobile); -- called also white sea
bass, and sea salmon.
Sea bat
Sea" bat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Batfish (a).
Seabeach
Sea"beach` (?), n. A beach lying along the sea. "The bleak seabeach."
Longfellow.
Sea bean
Sea" bean (?). (Bot.) Same as Florida bean.
Sea bear
Sea" bear` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any fur seal. See under Fur. (b) The
white bear.
Seabeard
Sea"beard` (?), n. (Bot.) A green seaweed (Cladophora rupestris)
growing in dense tufts.
Sea beast
Sea" beast` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large marine mammal, as a seal,
walrus, or cetacean.
Sea bird
Sea" bird` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any swimming bird frequenting the sea; a
sea fowl.
Sea blite
Sea" blite` (?). (Bot.) A plant (Su\'91da maritima) of the Goosefoot
family, growing in salt marches.
Sea-blubber
Sea"-blub"ber (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A jellyfish.
Seaboard
Sea"board` (?), n. [Sea + board, F. bord side.] The seashore;
seacoast. Ld. Berners.
Seaboard
Sea"board`, a. Bordering upon, or being near, the sea; seaside;
seacoast; as, a seaboard town.
Seaboard
Sea"board`, adv. Toward the sea. [R.]
Seaboat
Sea"boat` (?). [AS. s&aemac;b\'bet.]
1. A boat or vessel adapted to the open sea; hence, a vessel
considered with reference to her power of resisting a storm, or
maintaining herself in a heavy sea; as, a good sea boat.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A chitin.
Seabord
Sea"bord` (?), n. & a. See Seaboard.
Sea-bordering
Sea"-bor"der*ing (?), a. Bordering on the sea; situated beside the
sea. Drayton.
Sea-born
Sea"-born` (?), a.
1. Born of the sea; produced by the sea. "Neptune and his sea-born
niece." Waller.
2. Born at sea.
Seabound
Sea"bound` (?), a. Bounded by the sea.
Sea bow
Sea" bow` (?). See Marine rainbow, under Rainbow.
Sea boy
Sea" boy` (?). A boy employed on shipboard.
Sea breach
Sea" breach` (?). A breaking or overflow of a bank or a dike by the
sea. L'Estrange.
Sea bream
Sea" bream` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of sparoid
fishes, especially the common European species (Pagellus
centrodontus), the Spanish (P. Oweni), and the black sea bream
(Cantharus lineatus); -- called also old wife.
Sea brief
Sea" brief` (?). Same as Sea letter.
Sea bug
Sea" bug` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A chiton.
Sea-built
Sea"-built` (?), a. Built at, in, or by the sea.
Sea butterfly
Sea" but"ter*fly` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A pteropod.
Sea cabbage
Sea" cab"bage (?; 48). (Bot.) See Sea kale, under Kale.
Sea calf
Sea" calf` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The common seal.
Sea canary
Sea" ca*na"ry (?). [So called from a whistling sound which it makes.]
(Zo\'94l.) The beluga, or white whale.
Sea captain
Sea" cap"tain (?). The captain of a vessel that sails upon the sea.
Sea card
Sea" card` (?). Mariner's card, or compass.
Sea catfish. Sea cat
Sea" cat`fish (?). Sea" cat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The wolf fish. (b)
Any marine siluroid fish, as \'92lurichthys marinus, and Arinus felis,
of the eastern coast of the United States. Many species are found on
the coasts of Central and South America.
Sea chart
Sea" chart` (?). A chart or map on which the lines of the shore,
islands, shoals, harbors, etc., are delineated.
Sea chickweed
Sea" chick"weed` (?). (Bot.) A fleshy plant (Arenaria peploides)
growing in large tufts in the sands of the northern Atlantic seacoast;
-- called also sea sandwort, and sea purslane.
Sea clam
Sea" clam` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the large bivalve mollusks found
on the open seacoast, especially those of the family Mactrid\'91, as
the common American species. (Mactra, OR Spisula, solidissima); --
called also beach clam, and surf clam.
Sea coal
Sea" coal` (?). Coal brought by sea; -- a name by which mineral coal
was formerly designated in the south of England, in distinction from
charcoal, which was brought by land. Sea-coal facing (Founding),
facing consisting of pulverized bituminous coal.
Seacoast
Sea"coast` (?), n. The shore or border of the land adjacent to the sea
or ocean. Also used adjectively.
Sea cob
Sea" cob` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The black-backed gull.
Sea cock
Sea" cock` (?).
1. In a steamship, a cock or valve close to the vessel's side, for
closing a pipe which communicates with the sea.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The black-bellied plover. (b) A gurnard, as the
European red gurnard (Trigla pini).
Sea cocoa
Sea" co"coa (?). (Bot.) A magnificent palm (Lodoicea Sechellarum)
found only in the Seychelles Islands. The fruit is an immense
two-lobed nut. It was found floating in the Indian Ocean before the
tree was known, and called sea cocoanut, and double cocoanut.
Sea colander
Sea" col"an*der (?). (Bot.) A large blackfish seaweed (Agarum
Turneri), the frond of which is punctured with many little holes.
Sea colewort
Sea" cole"wort` (?). (Bot.) Sea cabbage.
Sea compass
Sea" com"pass (?). The mariner's compass. See under Compass.
Sea coot
Sea" coot` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A scoter duck.
Sea corn
Sea" corn` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A yellow cylindrical mass of egg capsule of
certain species of whelks (Buccinum), which resembles an ear of maize.
Sea cow
Sea" cow` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The mantee. (b) The dugong. (c) The
walrus.
Sea crawfish. Sea crayfish
Sea" craw"fish` (?). Sea" cray"fish` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any crustacean of
the genus Palinurus and allied genera, as the European spiny lobster
(P. vulgaris), which is much used as an article of food. See Lobster.
Sea crow
Sea" crow` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The chough. [Ireland] (b) The
cormorant. (c) The blackheaded pewit, and other gulls. (d) The skua.
(e) The razorbill. [Orkney Islands] (f) The coot.
Sea cucumber
Sea" cu"cum*ber (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large holothurian, especially one
of those belonging to the genus Pentacta, or Cucumaria, as the common
American and European species. (P. frondosa).
Sea dace
Sea" dace` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The European sea perch.
Sea daffodil
Sea" daf"fo*dil (?). (Bot.) A European amarylidaceous plant
(Pancratium maritimum).
Sea devil
Sea" dev`il (?) (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any very large ray, especially any
species of the genus Manta or Cepholoptera, some of which become more
than twenty feet across and weigh several tons. See also Ox ray, under
Ox. (b) Any large cephalopod, as a large Octopus, or a giant squid
(Architeuthis). See Devilfish. (c) The angler.
Sea dog
Sea" dog` (?).
1. (Zo\'94l.) The dogfish. (b) The common seal.
2. An old sailor; a salt. [Colloq.]
Sea dotterel
Sea" dot"ter*el (?). (Zo\'94l.) The turnstone.
Sea dove
Sea" dove` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The little auk, or rotche. See Illust. of
Rotche.
Sea dragon
Sea" drag"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A dragonet, or sculpin. (b) The
pegasus.
Sea drake
Sea" drake` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The pewit gull.
Sea duck
Sea" duck` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of ducks which
frequent the seacoasts and feed mainly on fishes and mollusks. The
scoters, eiders, old squaw, and ruddy duck are examples. They may be
distinguished by the lobate hind toe.
Sea eagle
Sea" ea"gle (?).
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of fish-eating eagles of the
genus Hali\'91etus and allied genera, as the North Pacific sea eagle.
(H. pelagicus), which has white shoulders, head, rump, and tail; the
European white-tailed eagle (H. albicilla); and the Indian
white-tailed sea eagle, or fishing eagle (Polioa\'89tus
ichthya\'89tus). The bald eagle and the osprey are also sometimes
classed as sea eagles.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The eagle ray. See under Ray.
Sea-ear
Sea"-ear` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of ear-shaped shells of the
genus Haliotis. See Abalone.
Sea eel
Sea" eel` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The conger eel.
Sea egg
Sea" egg` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea urchin.
Sea elephant
Sea" el"e*phant (?). (Zo\'94l.) A very large seal (Macrorhinus
proboscideus) of the Antarctic seas, much hunted for its oil. It
sometimes attains a length of thirty feet, and is remarkable for the
prolongation of the nose of the adult male into an erectile elastic
proboscis, about a foot in length. Another species of smaller size (M.
angustirostris) occurs on the coast of Lower California, but is now
nearly extinct.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1297
Sea fan
Sea" fan" (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gorgonian which branches in a fanlike
form, especially Gorgonia flabellum of Florida and the West Indies.
Seafarer
Sea"far`er (?), n. [Sea + fare.] One who follows the sea as a
business; a mariner; a sailor.
Seafaring
Sea"far`ing, a. Following the business of a mariner; as, a seafaring
man.
Sea feather
Sea" feath"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gorgonian which branches in a
plumelike form.
Sea fennel
Sea" fen"nel (?). (Bot.) Samphire.
Sea fern
Sea" fern" (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gorgonian which branches like a fern.
Sea fight
Sea" fight` (?). An engagement between ships at sea; a naval battle.
Sea fir
Sea" fir` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sertularian hydroid, especially Sertularia
abietina, which branches like a miniature fir tree.
Sea flewer
Sea" flew"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea anemone, or any related anthozoan.
Sea foam
Sea" foam` (?).
1. Foam of sea water.
2. (Min.) Meerschaum; -- called also sea froth.
Sea fowl
Sea" fowl` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any bird which habitually frequents the
sea, as an auk, gannet, gull, tern, or petrel; also, all such birds,
collectively.
Sea fox
Sea" fox` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The thrasher shark. See Thrasher.
Sea froth
Sea" froth` (?; 115). See Sea foam, 2.
Sea-gate, Sea-gait
Sea"-gate`, Sea"-gait`, n. A long, rolling swell of the sea. Ham. Nav.
Encyc.
Sea gauge
Sea" gauge` (?). See under Gauge, n.
Sea gherkin, OR Sea girkin
Sea" gher`kin (?), OR Sea" gir"kin (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any small
holothurian resembling in form a gherkin.
Sea ginger
Sea" gin"ger (?). (Zo\'94l.) A hydroid coral of the genus Millepora,
especially M. alcicornis, of the West Indies and Florida. So called
because it stings the tongue like ginger. See Illust. under Millepore.
Sea girdles
Sea" gir"dles (?). (Bot.) A kind of kelp (Laminaria digitata) with
palmately cleft fronds; -- called also sea wand, seaware, and tangle.
Seagirt
Sea"girt` (?), a. Surrounded by the water of the sea or ocean; as, a
seagirt isle. Milton.
Sea god
Sea" god` (?). A marine deity; a fabulous being supposed to live in,
or have dominion over, the sea, or some particular sea or part of the
sea, as Neptune.
Sea goddess
Sea" god"dess (?). A goddess supposed to live in or reign over the
sea, or some part of the sea.
Seagoing
Sea"go`ing (?), a. Going upon the sea; especially, sailing upon the
deep sea; -- used in distinction from coasting or river, as applied to
vessels.
Sea goose
Sea" goose` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A phalarope.
Sea gown
Sea" gown` (?). A gown or frock with short sleeves, formerly worn by
mariners. Shak.
Sea grape
Sea" grape` (?).
1. (Bot.) (a) The gulf weed. See under Gulf. (b) A shrubby plant
(Coccoloba uvifera) growing on the sandy shores of tropical America,
somewhat resembling the grapevine.
2. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The clusters of gelatinous egg capsules of a squid
(Loligo).
Sea grass
Sea" grass` (?). (Bot.) Eelgrass.
Sea green
Sea" green` (?). The green color of sea water.
Sea-green
Sea"-green`, a. Of a beautiful bluish green color, like sea water on
soundings.
Sea gudgeon
Sea" gud"geon (?). (Zo\'94l.) The European black goby (Gobius niger).
Sea gull
Sea" gull` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any gull living on the seacoast.
Seah
Se"ah (?), n. A Jewish dry measure containing one third of an an
ephah.
Sea hare
Sea" hare` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any tectibranchiate mollusk of the genus
Aplysia. See Aplysia.
Sea hawk
Sea" hawk` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A jager gull.
Sea heath
Sea" heath` (?). (Bot.) A low perennial plant (Frankenia l\'91vis)
resembling heath, growing along the seashore in Europe.
Sea hedgehog
Sea" hedge"hog` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea urchin.
Sea hen
Sea" hen` (?). (Zo\'94l.) the common guillemot; -- applied also to
various other sea birds.
Sea hog
Sea" hog` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The porpoise.
Sea holly
Sea" hol"ly (?). (Bot.) An evergeen seashore plant (Eryngium
maritimum). See Eryngium.
Sea holm
Sea" holm` (?). A small uninhabited island.
Sea holm
Sea" holm`. (Bot.) Sea holly.
Sea horse
Sea" horse` (?).
1. A fabulous creature, half horse and half fish, represented in
classic mythology as driven by sea dogs or ridden by the Nereids. It
is also depicted in heraldry. See Hippocampus.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The walrus. (b) Any fish of the genus Hippocampus.
NOTE: &hand; In a pa ssage of Dr yden's, the word is supposed to
refer to the hippopotamus.
Sea hulver
Sea" hul"ver (?). (Bot.) Sea holly.
Sea-island
Sea"-is`land (?), a. Of or pertaining to certain islands along the
coast of South Carolina and Georgia; as, sea-island cotton, a superior
cotton of long fiber produced on those islands.
Sea jelly
Sea" jel"ly (?). (Zo\'94l.) A medusa, or jellyfish.
Seak
Seak (?), n. Soap prepared for use in milling cloth.
Sea kale
Sea" kale" (?). (Bot.) See under Kale.
Sea king
Sea" king` (?). One of the leaders among the Norsemen who passed their
lives in roving the seas in search of plunder and adventures; a Norse
pirate chief. See the Note under Viking.
Seal
Seal (?), n. [OE. sele, AS. seolh; akin to OHG. selah, Dan. s\'91l,
Sw. sj\'84l, Icel. selr.] (Zo\'94l.) Any aquatic carnivorous mammal of
the families Phocid\'91 and Otariid\'91.
NOTE: &hand; Se als inhabit seacoasts, and are found principally in
the higher latitudes of both hemispheres. There are numerous
species, bearing such popular names as sea lion, sea leopard, sea
bear, or ursine seal, fur seal, and sea elephant. The bearded seal
(Erignathus barbatus), the hooded seal (Cystophora crustata), and
the ringed seal (Phoca f\'d2tida), are northern species. See also
Eared seal, Harp seal, and Fur seal, under Eared, Harp, Monk, and
Fur. Seals are much hunted for their skins and fur, and also for
their oil, which in some species is very abundant.
Harbor seal (Zo\'94l.), the common seal (Phoca vitulina). It inhabits
both the North Atlantic and the North Pacific Ocean, and often ascends
rivers; -- called also marbled seal, native seal, river seal, bay
seal, land seal, sea calf, sea cat, sea dog, dotard, ranger, selchie,
tangfish.
Seal
Seal, n. [OE. seel, OF. seel, F. sceau, fr. L. sigillum a little
figure or image, a seal, dim. of signum a mark, sign, figure, or
image. See Sign, n., and cf. Sigil.]
1. An engraved or inscribed stamp, used for marking an impression in
wax or other soft substance, to be attached to a document, or
otherwise used by way of authentication or security.
2. Wax, wafer, or other tenacious substance, set to an instrument, and
impressed or stamped with a seal; as, to give a deed under hand and
seal.
Till thou canst rail the seal from off my bond Thou but offend;st
thy lungs to speak so loud. Shak.
3. That which seals or fastens; esp., the wax or wafer placed on a
letter or other closed paper, etc., to fasten it.
4. That which confirms, ratifies, or makes stable; that which
authenticates; that which secures; assurance. "under the seal of
silence." Milton.
Like a red seal is the setting sun On the good and the evil men
have done. Lonfellow.
5. An arrangement for preventing the entrance or return of gas or air
into a pipe, by which the open end of the pipe dips beneath the
surface of water or other liquid, or a deep bend or sag in the pipe is
filled with the liquid; a draintrap.
Great seal. See under Great. -- Privy seal. See under Privy, a. --
Seal lock, a lock in which the keyhole is covered by a seal in such a
way that the lock can not be opened without rupturing the seal. Seal
manual. See under Manual, a. -- Seal ring, a ring having a seal
engraved on it, or ornamented with a device resembling a seal; a
signet ring. Shak.
Seal
Seal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sealed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skaling.] [OE.
selen; cf. OF. seeler, seieler, F. sceller, LL. sigillare. See Seal a
stamp.]
1. To set or affix a seal to; hence, to authenticate; to confirm; to
ratify; to establish; as, to seal a deed.
And with my hand I seal my true heart's love. Shak.
2. To mark with a stamp, as an evidence of standard exactness, legal
size, or merchantable quality; as, to seal weights and measures; to
seal silverware.
3. To fasten with a seal; to attach together with a wafer, wax, or
other substance causing adhesion; as, to seal a letter.
4. Hence, to shut close; to keep close; to make fast; to keep secure
or secret.
Seal up your lips, and give no words but "mum". Shak.
5. To fix, as a piece of iron in a wall, with cement, plaster, or the
like. Gwilt.
6. To close by means of a seal; as, to seal a drainpipe with water.
See 2d Seal, 5.
7. Among the Mormons, to confirm or set apart as a second or
additional wife. [Utah, U.S.]
If a man once married desires a second helpmate . . . she is sealed
to him under the solemn sanction of the church. H. Stansbury.
Seal
Seal, v. i. To affix one's seal, or a seal. [Obs.]
I will seal unto this bond. Shak.
Sea laces
Sea" la"ces (?). (Bot.) A kind of seaweed (Chorda Filum) having
blackish cordlike fronds, often many feet long.
Sea lamprey
Sea" lam"prey (?). (Zo\'94l.) The common lamprey.
Sea language
Sea" lan"guage (?). The peculiar language or phraseology of seamen;
sailor's cant.
Sea lark
Sea" lark` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The rock pipit (Anthus obscurus). (b)
Any one of several small sandpipers and plovers, as the ringed plover,
the turnstone, the dunlin, and the sanderling.
Sea lavender
Sea" lav"en*der (?). (Bot.) See Marsh rosemary, under Marsh.
Sea lawyer
Sea" law"yer (?). (Zo\'94l.) The gray snapper. See under Snapper.
Seal-brown
Seal"-brown` (?), a. Of a rich dark brown color, like the fur of the
fur seal after it is dyed.
Sea legs
Sea" legs` (?). Legs able to maintain their possessor upright in
stormy weather at sea, that is, ability stand or walk steadily on deck
when a vessel is rolling or pitching in a rough sea. [Sailor's Cant]
Totten.
Sea lemon
Sea" lem"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of
nudibranchiate mollusks of the genus Doris and allied genera, having a
smooth, thick, convex yellow body.
Sea leopard
Sea" leop"ard (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of spotted
seals, especially Ogmorhinus leptonyx, and Leptonychotes Weddelli, of
the Antarctic Ocean. The North Pacific sea leopard is the harbor seal.
Sealer
Seal"er (?), n. One who seals; especially, an officer whose duty it is
to seal writs or instruments, to stamp weights and measures, or the
like.
Sealer
Sealer, n. A mariner or a vessel engaged in the business of capturing
seals.
Sea letter
Sea" let"ter (?). (Mar. Law.) The customary certificate of national
character which neutral merchant vessels are bound to carry in time of
war; a passport for a vessel and cargo.
Sea lettuce
Sea" let"tuce (?). (Bot.) The green papery fronds of several seaweeds
of the genus Ulva, sometimes used as food.
Sea level
Sea" lev"el (?). The level of the surface of the sea; any surface on
the same level with the sea.
Sealgh, Selch
Sealgh (?), Selch, n.. (Zo\'94l.) A seal. [Scotch]
Sea lily
Sea" lil"y (?). (Zo\'94l.) A crinoid.
Sealing wax
Seal"ing wax` (?). A compound of the resinous materials, pigments,
etc., used as a material for seals, as for letters, documents, etc.
Sea lion
Sea" li"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several large species of seals
of the family Otariid\'91 native of the Pacific Ocean, especially the
southern sea lion (Otaria jubata) of the South American coast; the
northern sea lion (Eumetopias Stelleri) found from California to
Japan; and the black, or California, sea lion (Zalophus
Californianus), which is common on the rocks near San Francisco.
Sea loach
Sea" loach" (?). (Zo\'94l.) The three-bearded rockling. See Rockling.
Sea louse
Sea" louse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of isopod
crustaceans of Cymothoa, Livoneca, and allied genera, mostly parasites
on fishes.
Seam
Seam (?), n. [See Saim.] Grease; tallow; lard. [Obs. or prov. Eng.]
Shak. Dryden.
Seam
Seam, n. [OE. seem, seam, AS. se\'a0m; akin to D. zoom, OHG. soum, G.
saum, LG. soom, Icel. saumr, Sw. & Dan. s\'94m, and E. sew. &root;
156. See Sew to fasten with thread.]
1. The fold or line formed by sewing together two pieces of cloth or
leather.
2. Hence, a line of junction; a joint; a suture, as on a ship, a
floor, or other structure; the line of union, or joint, of two boards,
planks, metal plates, etc.
Precepts should be so finely wrought together . . . that no coarse
seam may discover where they join. Addison.
3. (geol. & Mining) A thin layer or stratum; a narrow vein between two
thicker strata; as, a seam of coal.
4. A line or depression left by a cut or wound; a scar; a cicatrix.
Seam blast, a blast by putting the powder into seams or cracks of
rocks. -- Seam lace, a lace used by carriage makers to cover seams and
edges; -- called also seaming lace. -- Seam presser. (Agric.) (a) A
heavy roller to press down newly plowed furrows. (b) A tailor's
sadiron for pressing seams. Knight. -- Seam set, a set for flattering
the seams of metal sheets, leather work, etc.
Seam
Seam, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seaming.]
1. To form a seam upon or of; to join by sewing together; to unite.
2. To mark with something resembling a seam; to line; to scar.
Seamed o'Pope.
3. To make the appearance of a seam in, as in knitting a stocking;
hence, to knit with a certain stitch, like that in such knitting.
Seam
Seam, v. i. To become ridgy; to crack open.
Later their lips began to parch and seam. L. Wallace.
Seam
Seam, n. [AS. se\'a0m, LL. sauma, L. sagma a packsaddle, fr. Gr.
Sumpter.] A denomination of weight or measure. Specifically: (a) The
quantity of eight bushels of grain. "A seam of oats." P. Plowman. (b)
The quantity of 120 pounds of glass. [Eng.]
Sea-maid
Sea"-maid` (?), n.
1. The mermaid.
2. A sea nymph.
Sea-mail
Sea"-mail` (?), n. [Sea + (perhaps) Mall Mally, for Mary; hence, Prov.
E. mally a hare.] (Zo\'94l.) A gull; the mew.
Seaman
Sea"man (?), n.; pl. Seamen (. A merman; the male of the mermaid. [R.]
"Not to mention mermaids or seamen." Locke.
Seaman
Sea"man (?), n.; pl. Seamen (#). [AS. s\'91man.] One whose occupation
is to assist in the management of ships at sea; a mariner; a sailor;
-- applied both to officers and common mariners, but especially to the
latter. Opposed to landman, or landsman. Able seaman, a sailor who is
practically conversant with all the duties of common seamanship. --
ordinary seaman. See Ordinary.
Seamanlike
Sea"man*like` (?), a. Having or showing the skill of a practical
seaman.
Seamanship
Sea"man*ship, n. The skill of a good seaman; the art, or skill in the
art, of working a ship.
Sea mantis
Sea" man"tis (?). (Zo\'94l.) A squilla.
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Page 1298
Sea marge
Sea" marge` (?). Land which borders on the sea; the seashore. Shak.
You are near the sea marge of a land teeming with life. J.
Burroughs.
Seamark
Sea"mark` (?), n. Any elevated object on land which serves as a guide
to mariners; a beacon; a landmark visible from the sea, as a hill, a
tree, a steeple, or the like. Shak.
Sea mat
Sea" mat` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any bryozoan of the genus Flustra or allied
genera which form frondlike corals.
Sea maw
Sea" maw` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The sea mew.
Seamed
Seamed (?), a. (Falconry) Out of condition; not in good condition; --
said of a hawk.
Sea-mell
Sea"-mell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The sea mew.
Sea mew
Sea" mew` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A gull; the mew.
Sea mile
Sea" mile` (?). A geographical mile. See Mile.
Sea milkwort
Sea" milk"wort` (?). (Bot.) A low, fleshy perennial herb (Glaux
maritima) found along northern seashores.
Seaming
Seam"ing (?), n.
1. The act or process of forming a seam or joint.
2. (Fishing) The cord or rope at the margin of a seine, to which the
meshes of the net are attached.
Seaming machine, a machine for uniting the edges of sheet-metal plates
by bending them and pinching them together.
Seamless
Seam"less, a. Without a seam.
Christ's seamless coat, all of a piece. Jer. Taylor.
Sea monk
Sea" monk` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Monk seal, under Monk.
Sea monster
Sea" mon"ster (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large sea animal.
Sea moss
Sea" moss` (?; 115). (Zo\'94l.) Any branched marine bryozoan
resembling moss.
Sea mouse
Sea" mouse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A dorsibranchiate annelid, belonging
to Aphrodite and allied genera, having long, slender, hairlike set\'91
on the sides. (b) The dunlin.
Seamster
Seam"ster (?), n. [See Seamstress.] One who sews well, or whose
occupation is to sew. [Obs.]
Seamstress
Seam"stress (?; 277), n. [From older seamster, properly fem., AS.
se\'a0mestre. See Seam.] A woman whose occupation is sewing; a
needlewoman.
Seamstressy
Seam"stress*y (?), n. The business of a seamstress.
Sea mud
Sea" mud` (?). A rich slimy deposit in salt marshes and along the
seashore, sometimes used as a manure; -- called also sea ooze.
Seamy
Seam"y (?), a. Having a seam; containing seams, or showing them. "Many
a seamy scar." Burns.
Everything has its fair, as well as its seamy, side. Sir W. Scott.
Sean
Sean (?), n. A seine. See Seine. [Prov. Eng.]
S\'82ance
S\'82`ance" (?), n. [F., fr. L. sedens, -entis, p.pr. of sedere to
sit. See Sit.] A session, as of some public body; especially, a
meeting of spiritualists to receive spirit communication, so called.
Sea needle
Sea" nee"dle (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Garfish (a).
Sea nettle
Sea" net`tle (?). A jellyfish, or medusa.
Seannachie
Sean"na*chie (?), n. [Gael. seanachaidh.] A bard among the Highlanders
of Scotland, who preserved and repeated the traditions of the tribes;
also, a genealogist. [Written also senachy.] [Scot.]
Sea onion
Sea" on"ion (?). (Bot.) The officinal squill. See Squill.
Sea ooze
Sea" ooze` (?). Same as Sea mud. Mortimer.
Sea orange
Sea" or"ange (?). (Zo\'94l.) A large American holothurian (Lophothuria
Fabricii) having a bright orange convex body covered with finely
granulated scales. Its expanded tentacles are bright red.
Sea-orb
Sea"-orb` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A globefish.
Sea otter
Sea" ot"ter (?). (Zo\'94l.) An aquatic carnivore (Enhydris lutris, OR
marina) found in the North Pacific Ocean. Its fur is highly valued,
especially by the Chinese. It is allied to the common otter, but is
larger, with feet more decidedly webbed. Sea-otter's cabbage (Bot.), a
gigantic kelp of the Pacific Ocean (Nereocystis Lutkeana). See
Nereocystis.
Sea owl
Sea" owl` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The lumpfish.
Sea pad
Sea" pad` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The puffin.
Sea partridge
Sea" par"tridge (?). (Zo\'94l.) The gilthead (Crenilabrus melops), a
fish of the British coasts.
Sea pass
Sea" pass` (?). A document carried by neutral merchant vessels in time
of war, to show their nationality; a sea letter or passport. See
Passport.
Sea peach
Sea" peach` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A beautiful American ascidian (Cynthia, OR
Halocynthia, pyriformis) having the size, form, velvety surface, and
color of a ripe peach.
Sea pear
Sea" pear` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A pedunculated ascidian of the genus
Boltonia.
Sea-pen
Sea"-pen" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A pennatula.
Sea perch
Sea" perch` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European bass (Roccus, OR Labrax,
lupus); -- called also sea dace. (b) The cunner. (c) The sea bass. (d)
The name is applied also to other species of fishes.
Sea pheasant
Sea" pheas"ant (?). (Zo\'94l.) The pintail duck.
Sea pie
Sea" pie (?). (Zo\'94l.) The oyster catcher, a limicoline bird of the
genus H\'91matopus.
Sea pie
Sea" pie`. A dish of crust or pastry and meat or fish, etc., cooked
together in alternate layers, -- a common food of sailors; as, a
three-decker sea pie.
Seapiece
Sea"piece` (?), n. A picture representing a scene at sea; a marine
picture. Addison.
Sea piet
Sea" pi"et (?). (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Sea pie.
Sea pig
Sea" pig` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A porpoise or dolphin. (b) A dugong.
Sea pigeon
Sea" pi"geon (?). The common guillemot.
Sea pike
Sea" pike` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The garfish. (b) A large serranoid food
fish (Centropomus undecimalis) found on both coasts of America; --
called also robalo. (c) The merluce.
Sea pincushion
Sea" pin`cush`ion (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sea purse. (b) A pentagonal
starfish.
Sea pink
Sea" pink` (?). (Bot.) See Thrift.
Sea plover
Sea" plov"er (?). the black-bellied plover.
Sea poacher. Sea poker
Sea" poach"er (?). Sea" pok"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) The lyrie.
Sea pool
Sea" pool` (?). A pool of salt water. Spenser.
Sea poppy
Sea" pop"py (?). (Bot.) The horn poppy. See under Horn.
Sea porcupine
Sea" por"cu*pine (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the genus Diodon, and
allied genera, whose body is covered with spines. See Illust. under
Diodon.
Sea pork
Sea" pork` (?). (Zo\'94l.) An American compound ascidian (Amor\'91cium
stellatum) which forms large whitish masses resembling salt pork.
Sea port
Sea" port` (?), n. A port on the seashore, or one accessible for
seagoing vessels. Also used adjectively; as, a seaport town.
Sea poy
Sea" poy (?), n. See Sepoy.
Sea pudding
Sea" pud"ding (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any large holothurian. [Prov. Eng.]
Sea purse
Sea" purse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The horny egg case of a skate, and of
certain sharks.
Sea purslane
Sea" purs"lane (?). (Bot.) See under Purslane.
Sea pye
Sea" pye` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Sea pie.
Seapyot
Sea"py"ot (?). (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Sea pie.
Seaquail
Sea"quail` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The turnstone.
Seaquake
Sea"quake` (?), n. A quaking of the sea.
Sear, Sere
Sear, Sere (?), a. [OE. seer, AS. se\'a0r (assumed) fr. se\'a0rian to
wither; akin to D. zoor dry, LG. soor, OHG. sor&emac;n to to wither,
Gr. sush) to dry, to wither, Zend hush to dry. &root;152. Cf. Austere,
Sorrel, a.] Dry; withered; no longer green; -- applied to leaves.
Milton.
I have lived long enough; my way of life Is fall'n into the sear,
the yellow leaf. Shak.
Sear
Sear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Searing.]
[OE.seeren, AS. se\'a0rian. See Sear, a.]
1. To wither; to dry up. Shak.
2. To burn (the surface of) to dryness and hardness; to cauterize; to
expose to a degree of heat such as changes the color or the hardness
and texture of the surface; to scorch; to make callous; as, to sear
the skin or flesh. Also used figuratively.
I'm seared with burning steel. Rowe.
It was in vain that the amiable divine tried to give salutary pain
to that seared conscience. Macaulay.
The discipline of war, being a discipline in destruction of life,
is a discipline in callousness. Whatever sympathies exist are
seared. H. Spencer.
NOTE: &hand; Se ar is allied to scorch in signification; but it is
applied primarily to animal flesh, and has special reference to the
effect of heat in marking the surface hard. Scorch is applied to
flesh, cloth, or any other substance, and has no reference to the
effect of hardness.
To sear, to close by searing. "Cherish veins of good humor, and sear
up those of ill." Sir W. Temple.
Sear
Sear, n. [F. serre a grasp, pressing, fr. L. sera. See Serry.] The
catch in a gunlock by which the hammer is held cocked or half cocked.
Sear spring, the spring which causes the sear to catch in the notches
by which the hammer is held.
Sea rat
Sea" rat` (?).
1. A pirate. [R.] Massinger.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The chim\'91ra.
Sea raven
Sea" ra"ven (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) An American cottoid fish
(Hemitripterus Americanus) allied to the sculpins, found on the
northeren Atlantic coasts. (b) The cormorant.
Searce
Searce (?), n. [See Sarse.] A fine sieve. [Obs.]
Searce
Searce, v. t. To sift; to bolt. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Searcer
Sear"cer (?), n.
1. One who sifts or bolts. [Obs.]
2. A searce, or sieve. [Obs.] Holland.
Search
Search (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Searched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Searching.] [OE. serchen, cerchen, OF. cerchier, F. chercher, L.
circare to go about, fr. L. circum, circa, around. See Circle.]
1. To look over or through, for the purpose of finding something; to
examine; to explore; as, to search the city. "Search the Scriptures."
John v. 39.
They are come to search the house. Shak.
Search me, O God, and know my heart. Ps. cxxxix. 23.
2. To inquire after; to look for; to seek.
I will both search my sheep, and seek them out. Ezek. xxxiv. 11.
Enough is left besides to search and know. Milton.
3. To examine or explore by feeling with an instrument; to probe; as,
to search a wound.
4. To examine; to try; to put to the test.
To search out, to seek till found; to find by seeking; as, to search
out truth. Syn. -- To explore; examine; scrutinize; seek; investigate;
pry into; inquire.
Search
Search, v. i. To seek; to look for something; to make inquiry,
exploration, or examination; to hunt.
Once more search with me. Shak.
It sufficeth that they have once with care sifted the matter, and
searched into all the particulars. Locke.
Search
Search, n. [Cf. OF. cerche. See Search, v. t.] The act of seeking or
looking for something; quest; inquiry; pursuit for finding something;
examination.
Thus the orb he roamed With narrow search, and with inspection deep
Considered every creature. Milton.
Nor did my search of liberty begin Till my black hairs were changed
upon my chin. Dryden.
Right of search (Mar. Law), the right of the lawfully commissioned
cruisers of belligerent nations to examine and search private merchant
vessels on the high seas, for the enemy's property or for articles
contraband of war. -- Search warrant (Law), a warrant legally issued,
authorizing an examination or search of a house, or other place, for
goods stolen, secreted, or concealed. Syn. -- Scrutiny; examination;
exploration; investigation; research; inquiry; quest; pursuit.
Searchable
Search"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being searched.
Searchableness
Search"a*ble*ness, n. Quality of being searchable.
Searcher
Search"er (?), n. [Cf. OF. cercheor inspector.] One who, or that
which, searhes or examines; a seeker; an inquirer; an examiner; a
trier. Specifically: (a) Formerly, an officer in London appointed to
examine the bodies of the dead, and report the cause of death. Graunt.
(b) An officer of the customs whose business it is to search ships,
merchandise, luggage, etc. (c) An inspector of leather. [Prov. Eng.]
(d) (Gun.) An instrument for examining the bore of a cannon, to detect
cavities. (e) An implement for sampling butter; a butter trier. (j)
(Med.) An instrument for feeling after calculi in the bladder, etc.
Searching
Search"ing, a. Exploring thoroughly; scrutinizing; penetrating;
trying; as, a searching discourse; a searching eye. "Piercing,
searching, biting, cold." Dickens. -- Search"ing*ly, adv. --
Search"ing*ness, n.
Searchless
Search"less, a. Impossible to be searched; inscrutable; impenetrable.
Searcloth
Sear"cloth` (?; 115), n. Cerecloth. Mortimer.
Searcloth
Sear"cloth, v. t. To cover, as a sore, with cerecloth.
Seared
Seared (?), a. Scorched; cauterized; hence, figuratively, insensible;
not susceptible to moral influences.
A seared conscience and a remorseless heart. Macaulay.
Searedness
Sear"ed*ness (?), n. The state of being seared or callous;
insensibility. Bp. Hall.
Sea reed
Sea" reed` (?). (Bot.) The sea-sand reed. See under Reed.
Sea risk
Sea" risk (?). Risk of injury, destruction, or loss by the sea, or
while at sea.
Sea robber
Sea" rob"ber (?). A pirate; a sea rover.
Sea robin
Sea" rob"in (?). See under Robin, and Illustration in Appendix.
Sea rocket
Sea" rock"et (?).(Bot.) See under Rocket.
Sea room
Sea" room` (?). (Naut.) Room or space at sea for a vessel to maneuver,
drive, or scud, without peril of running ashore or aground. Totten.
Sea rover
Sea" rov"er (?). One that cruises or roves the sea for plunder; a sea
robber; a pirate; also, a piratical vessel.
Sea-roving
Sea"-rov"ing, a. Cruising at random on the ocean.
Sea salmon
Sea" salm"on (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A young pollock. (b) The spotted
squeteague. (c) See Sea bass (b).
Sea salt
Sea" salt` (?). Common salt, obtained from sea water by evaporation.
Sea sandpiper
Sea" sand"pi`per (?). (Zo\'94l.) The purple sandpiper.
Sea sandwort
Sea" sand"wort` (?). (Bot.) See Sea chickweed.
Sea saurian
Sea" sau"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine saurian; esp. (Paleon.)
the large extinct species of Mosasaurus, Icthyosaurus, Plesiosaurus,
and related genera.
Seascape
Sea"scape (?), n. [Cf. Landscape.] A picture representing a scene at
sea. [Jocose] Thackeray.
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Sea scorpion
Sea" scor"pi*on (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European sculpin (Cottus
scorpius) having the head armed with short spines. (b) The scorpene.
Sea scurf
Sea" scurf` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any bryozoan which forms rounded or
irregular patches of coral on stones, seaweeds, etc.
Sea serpent
Sea" ser`pent (?).
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine snake. See Sea snake.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A large marine animal of unknown nature, often reported
to have been seen at sea, but never yet captured.
NOTE: &hand; Ma ny ac counts of se a se rpents ar e im aginary or
fictitious; others are greatly exaggerated and distorted by
incompetent observers; but a number have been given by competent
and trustworthy persons, which indicate that several diverse
animals have been called sea serpents. Among these are, apparently,
several large snakelike fishes, as the oar fish, or ribbon fish
(Regalecus), and huge conger eels. Other accounts probably refer to
the giant squids (Architeuthis). Some of the best accounts seem to
describe a marine saurian, like the fossil Mosasauri, which were
large serpentlike creatures with paddles.
Seashell
Sea"shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The shell of any marine mollusk.
Seashore
Sea"shore` (?), n.
1. The coast of the sea; the land that lies adjacent to the sea or
ocean.
2. (Law) All the ground between the ordinary highwater and low-water
marks.
Seasick
Sea"sick` (?), a. Affected with seasickness.
Seasickness
Sea"sick`ness, n. The peculiar sickness, characterized by nausea and
prostration, which is caused by the pitching or rolling of a vessel.
Seaside
Sea"side` (?), n. The land bordering on, or adjacent to, the sea; the
seashore. Also used adjectively.
Sea slater
Sea" slat"er (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any isopod crustacean of the genus Ligia.
Sea slug
Sea" slug` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A holothurian. (b) A nudibranch
mollusk.
Sea snail
Sea" snail` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small fish of the genus Liparis,
having a ventral sucker. It lives among stones and seaweeds. (b) Any
small creeping marine gastropod, as the species of Littorina, Natica,
etc.
Sea snake
Sea" snake` (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of many species of venomous
aquatic snakes of the family Hydrophid\'91, having a flattened tail
and living entirely in the sea, especially in the warmer parts of the
Indian and Pacific Oceans. They feed upon fishes, and are mostly of
moderate size, but some species become eight or ten feet long and four
inches broad.
Sea snipe
Sea" snipe` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sandpiper, as the knot and dunlin.
(b) The bellows fish.
Season
Sea"son (?), n. [OE. sesoun, F. saison, properly, the sowing time, fr.
L. satio a sowing, a planting, fr. serere, satum, to sow, plant; akin
to E. sow, v., to scatter, as seed.]
1. One of the divisions of the year, marked by alternations in the
length of day and night, or by distinct conditions of temperature,
moisture, etc., caused mainly by the relative position of the earth
with respect to the sun. In the north temperate zone, four seasons,
namely, spring, summer, autumn, and winter, are generally recognized.
Some parts of the world have three seasons, -- the dry, the rainy, and
the cold; other parts have but two, -- the dry and the rainy.
The several seasons of the year in their beauty. Addison.
2. Hence, a period of time, especially as regards its fitness for
anything contemplated or done; a suitable or convenient time; proper
conjuncture; as, the season for planting; the season for rest.
The season, prime for sweetest scents and airs. Milton.
3. A period of time not very long; a while; a time.
Thou shalt be blind, not seeing the sun for a season. Acts xiii.
11.
4. That which gives relish; seasoning. [Obs.]
You lack the season of all natures, sleep. Shak.
In season, in good time, or sufficiently early for the purpose. -- Out
of season, beyond or out of the proper time of the usual or appointed
time.
Season
Sea"son, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seasoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seasoning.]
1. To render suitable or appropriate; to prepare; to fit.
He is fit and seasoned for his passage. Shak.
2. To fit for any use by time or habit; to habituate; to accustom; to
inure; to ripen; to mature; as, to season one to a climate.
3. Hence, to prepare by drying or hardening, or removal of natural
juices; as, to season timber.
4. To fit for taste; to render palatable; to give zest or relish to;
to spice; as, to season food.
5. Hence, to fit for enjoyment; to render agrecable.
You season still with sports your serious hours. Dryden.
The proper use of wit is to season conversation. Tillotson.
6. To qualify by admixture; to moderate; to temper. "When mercy
seasons justice." Shak.
7. To imbue; to tinge or taint. "Who by his tutor being seasoned with
the love of the truth." Fuller.
Season their younger years with prudent and pious principles. Jer.
Taylor.
8. To copulate with; to impregnate. [R.] Holland.
Season
Sea"son (?), v. i.
1. To become mature; to grow fit for use; to become adapted to a
climate.
2. To become dry and hard, by the escape of the natural juices, or by
being penetrated with other substance; as, timber seasons in the sun.
3. To give token; to savor. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Seasonable
Sea"son*a*ble (?), a. Occurring in good time, in due season, or in
proper time for the purpose; suitable to the season; opportune;
timely; as, a seasonable supply of rain.
Mercy is seasonable in the time of affliction. Ecclus. xxxv. 20.
-- Sea"son*a*ble*ness, n. -- Sea"son*a*bly, adv.
Seasonage
Sea"son*age (?), n. A seasoning. [Obs.] outh.
Seasonal
Sea"son*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the seasons. <-- 2. Occurring
or being used in a specific season; as, seasonal items for sale. -->
Seasonal dimorphism (Zo\'94l.), the condition of having two distinct
varieties which appear at different seasons, as certain species of
butterflies in which the spring brood differs from the summer or
autumnal brood.
Seasoner
Sea"son*er (?), n. One who, or that which, seasons, or gives a relish;
a seasoning.
Seasoning
Sea"son*ing, n.
1. The act or process by which anything is seasoned.
2. That which is added to any species of food, to give it a higher
relish, as salt, spices, etc.; a condiment.
3. Hence, something added to enhance enjoyment or relieve dullness;
as, wit is the seasoning of conversation.
Political speculations are of so dry and austere a nature, that
they will not go down with the public without frequent seasonings.
Addison.
Seasoning tub (Bakery), a trough in which dough is set to rise.
Knight.
Seasonless
Sea"son*less, a. Without succession of the seasons.
Sea spider
Sea" spi"der (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any maioid crab; a spider crab. See
Maioid, and Spider crab, under Spider. (b) Any pycnogonid.
Sea squirt
Sea" squirt` (?). (Zo\'94l.) An ascidian. See Illust. under Tunicata.
Sea star
Sea" star` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A starfish, or brittle star.
Sea surgeon
Sea" sur"geon (?). (Zo\'94l.) A surgeon fish.
Sea swallow
Sea" swal"low (?).
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common tern. (b) The storm petrel. (c) The
gannet.
2. (Her.) See Cornish chough, under Chough.
Seat
Seat (?), n. [OE. sete, Icel. s\'91ti; akin to Sw. s\'84te, Dan.
s\'91de, MHG. s&amac;ze, AS. set, setl, and E. sit. &root;154. See
Sit, and cf. Settle, n.]
1. The place or thing upon which one sits; hence; anything made to be
sat in or upon, as a chair, bench, stool, saddle, or the like.
And Jesus . . . overthrew the tables of the money changers, and the
seats of them that sold doves. Matt. xxi. 12.
2. The place occupied by anything, or where any person or thing is
situated, resides, or abides; a site; an abode, a station; a post; a
situation.
Where thou dwellest, even where Satan's seat is. Rev. ii. 13.
He that builds a fair house upon an ill seat committeth himself to
prison. Bacon.
A seat of plenty, content, and tranquillity. Macaulay.
3. That part of a thing on which a person sits; as, the seat of a
chair or saddle; the seat of a pair of pantaloons.
4. A sitting; a right to sit; regular or appropriate place of sitting;
as, a seat in a church; a seat for the season in the opera house.
5. Posture, or way of sitting, on horseback.
She had so good a seat and hand she might be trusted with any
mount. G. Eliot.
6. (Mach.) A part or surface on which another part or surface rests;
as, a valve seat.
Seat worm (Zo\'94l.), the pinworm.
Seat
Seat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seated; p. pr. & vb. n. Seating.]
1. To place on a seat; to cause to sit down; as, to seat one's self.
The guests were no sooner seated but they entered into a warm
debate. Arbuthnot.
2. To cause to occupy a post, site, situation, or the like; to
station; to establish; to fix; to settle.
Thus high . . . is King Richard seated. Shak.
They had seated themselves in New Guiana. Sir W. Raleigh.
3. To assign a seat to, or the seats of; to give a sitting to; as, to
seat a church, or persons in a church.
4. To fix; to set firm.
From their foundations, loosening to and fro, They plucked the
seated hills. Milton.
5. To settle; to plant with inhabitants; as to seat a country. [Obs.]
W. Stith.
6. To put a seat or bottom in; as, to seat a chair.
Seat
Seat, v. i. To rest; to lie down. [Obs.] Spenser.
Sea tang
Sea" tang` (?). (Bot.) A kind of seaweed; tang; tangle.
To their nests of sedge and sea tang. Longfellow.
Sea term
Sea" term` (?). A term used specifically by seamen; a nautical word or
phrase.
Sea thief
Sea" thief` (?). A pirate. Drayton.
Sea thongs
Sea" thongs` (?; 115). (Bot.) A kind of blackish seaweed (Himanthalia
lorea) found on the northern coasts of the Atlantic. It has a
thonglike forking process rising from a top-shaped base.
Seating
Seat"ing (?), n.
1. The act of providong with a seat or seats; as, the seating of an
audience.
2. The act of making seats; also, the material for making seats; as,
cane seating.
Sea titling
Sea" tit"ling (?). (Zo\'94l.) The rock pipit.
Seatless
Seat"less (?), a. Having no seat.
Sea toad
Sea" toad` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sculpin. (b) A toadfish. (c) The
angler.
Sea trout
Sea" trout` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of true
trouts which descend rivers and enter the sea after spawning, as the
European bull trout and salmon trout, and the eastern American spotted
trout. (b) The common squeteague, and the spotted squeteague. (c) A
California fish of the family Chirid\'91, especially Hexagrammus
decagrammus; -- called also spotted rock trout. See Rock trout, under
Rock. (d) A California sci\'91noid fish (Cynoscion nobilis); -- called
also white sea bass.
Sea trumpet
Sea" trum"pet (?).
1. (Bot.) A great blackish seaweed of the Southern Ocean, having a
hollow and expanding stem and a pinnate frond, sometimes twenty feet
long.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any large marine univalve shell of the genus Triton. See
Triton.
Sea turn
Sea" turn` (?). A breeze, gale, or mist from the sea. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Sea turtle
Sea" tur"tle (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several very large species
of chelonians having the feet converted into paddles, as the green
turtle, hawkbill, loggerhead, and leatherback. They inhabit all warm
seas. (b) The sea pigeon, or guillemot.
Sea unicorn
Sea" u"ni*corn (?). (Zo\'94l.) The narwhal.
Sea urchin
Sea" ur"chin (?). (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
echinoderms of the order Echinoidea.
NOTE: When li ving th ey ar e covered with movable spines which are
often long and sharp.
Seave
Seave (?), n. [Cf. Dan. siv, Sw. s\'84f, Icel. sef.] A rush. [Prov.
Eng.] Halliwell.
Seavy
Seav`y, a. Overgrown with rushes. [Prov. Eng.]
Sea wall
Sea" wall` (?). [AS. s&ae;weall.] A wall, or embankment, to resist
encroachments of the sea.
Sea-walled
Sea"-walled` (?), a. Surrounded, bounded, or protected by the sea, as
if by a wall. Shak.
Seawan, Seawant
Sea"wan (?), Sea"want (?), n. The name used by the Algonquin Indians
for the shell beads which passed among the Indians as money.
NOTE: &hand; Se awan wa s of tw o ki nds; wa mpum, wh ite, an d
suckanhock, black or purple, -- the former having half the value of
the latter. Many writers, however, use the terms seawan and wampum
indiscriminately. Bartlett.
Seawand
Sea"wand` . (Bot.) See Sea girdles.
Seaward
Sea"ward (?), a. Directed or situated toward the sea. Donne.
Two still clouds . . . sparkled on their seaward edges like a
frosted fleece. G. W. Cable.
Seaward
Sea"ward, adv. Toward the sea. Drayton.
Seaware
Sea"ware` (?), n. [Cf. AS. s\'d6w\'ber seaweed.] (Bot.) Seaweed; esp.,
coarse seaweed. See Ware, and Sea girdles.
Seaweed
Sea"weed` (?), n.
1. Popularly, any plant or plants growing in the sea.
2. (Bot.) Any marine plant of the class Alg\'91, as kelp, dulse,
Fucus, Ulva, etc.
Sea whip
Sea" whip` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A gorgonian having a simple stem.
Sea widgeon
Sea" wid"geon (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The scaup duck. (b) The pintail
duck.
Seawife
Sea"wife` (?), n.; pl. Seawives (. (Zo\'94l.) A European wrasse
(Labrus vetula).
Sea willow
Sea" wil"low (?). (Zo\'94l.) A gorgonian coral with long flexible
branches.
Sea wing
Sea" wing` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A wing shell (Avicula).
Sea withwind
Sea" with"wind` (?). (Bot.) A kind of bindweed (Convolvulus
Soldanella) growing on the seacoast of Europe.
Sea wolf
Sea" wolf` (?). (Zo\'94l.) (a) The wolf fish. (b) The European sea
perch. (c) The sea elephant. (d) A sea lion.
Sea woodcock
Sea" wood"cock` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The bar-tailed godwit.
Sea wood louse
Sea" wood louse` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A sea slater.
Sea wormwood
Sea" worm"wood` (?). (Bot.) A European species of wormwood (Artemisia
maritima) growing by the sea.
Seaworthiness
Sea"wor`thi*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being seaworthy, or
able to resist the ordinary violence of wind and weather. Kent.
Seaworthy
Sea"wor`thy (?), a. Fit for a voyage; worthy of being trusted to
transport a cargo with safety; as, a seaworthy ship.
Sea wrack
Sea" wrack` (?). (Bot.) See Wrack.
Sebaceous
Se*ba"ceous (?), a. [NL. sebaceus, from L. sebum tallow, grease.]
(Physiol.) Pertaining to, or secreting, fat; composed of fat; having
the appearance of fat; as, the sebaceous secretions of some plants, or
the sebaceous humor of animals. Sebaceous cyst (Med.), a cyst formed
by distention of a sebaceous gland, due to obstruction of its
excretory duct. -- Sebaceous glands (Anat.), small subcutaneous
glands, usually connected with hair follicles. They secrete an oily
semifluid matter, composed in great part of fat, which softens and
lubricates the hair and skin.
Sebacic
Se*bac"ic (?), a. [L. sebum tallow: cf. F. s\'82bacique.] (Chem.) Of
or pertaining to fat; derived from, or resembling, fat; specifically,
designating an acid (formerly called also sebic, and pyroleic, acid),
obtained by the distillation or saponification of certain oils (as
castor oil) as a white crystalline substance.
Sebat
Se"bat (?), n. [Heb. sh\'cbb\'bet.] The eleventh month of the ancient
Hebrew year, approximately corresponding with February. W. Smith
(Bibl. Dict. ).
Sebate
Se"bate (s\'c7"b\ddt), n. (Chem.) A salt of sebacic acid.
Sebesten
Se*bes"ten (?), n. [Ar. sebest\'ben the tree: cf. Sp. sebesten.]
(Bot.) The mucilaginous drupaceous fruit of two East Indian trees
(Cordia Myxa, and C. latifolia), sometimes used medicinally in
pectoral diseases.
NOTE: &hand; In th e We st Indies the name is given to the similar
fruit of Cordia Sebestana.
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Sebic
Se"bic (?), a. See Sebacic. [Obs.]
Sebiferous
Se*bif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sebum tallow + -ferous.]
1. (Bot.) Producing vegetable tallow.
2. (Physiol.) Producing fat; sebaceous; as, the sebiferous, or
sebaceous, glands.
Sebiparous
Se*bip"a*rous (?), a. [L. sebum tallow + parere to bring forth.]
(Physiol.) Same as Sebiferous.
Seborrhea
Seb"or*rhe*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sebum tallow + Gr. (Med.) A morbidly
increased discharge of sebaceous matter upon the skin; stearrhea.
Secale
Se*ca"le (?), n. [L., a kind of grain.] (Bot.) A genus of cereal
grasses including rye.
Secancy
Se"can*cy (?), n. [See Secant.] A cutting; an intersection; as, the
point of secancy of one line by another. [R.] Davies & Peck (Math.
Dict. ).
Secant
Se"cant (?), a. [L. secans, -antis, p.pr. of secare to cut. See
Section.] Cutting; divivding into two parts; as, a secant line.
Secant
Secant, n. [Cf. F. s\'82cante. See Secant, a.]
1. (Geom.) A line that cuts another; especially, a straight line
cutting a curve in two or more points.
2. (Trig.) A right line drawn from the center of a circle through one
end of a circular arc, and terminated by a tangent drawn from the
other end; the number expressing the ratio line of this line to the
radius of the circle. See Trigonometrical function, under Function.
Secco
Sec"co (?), a. [It.] Dry. Secco painting, OR Painting in secco,
painting on dry plaster, as distinguished from fresco painting, which
is on wet or fresh plaster.
Secede
Se"cede" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Seceded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seceding.]
[L. secedere, secessum; pref se- aside + cedere to go, move. See
Cede.] To withdraw from fellowship, communion, or association; to
separate one's self by a solemn act; to draw off; to retire;
especially, to withdraw from a political or religious body.
Seceder
Se*ced"er (?), n.
1. One who secedes.
2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a numerous body of Presbyterians in Scotland
who seceded from the communion of the Established Church, about the
year 1733, and formed the Secession Church, so called.
Secern
Se*cern" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secerned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Secerning.] [L. secernere. See Secrete.]
1. To separate; to distinguish.
Averroes secerns a sense of titillation, and a sense of hunger and
thirst. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. (Physiol.) To secrete; as, mucus secerned in the nose. Arbuthnot.
Secernent
Se*cern"ent (?), a. [L. secernens, p.pr.] (Physiol.)Secreting;
secretory.
Secernent
Se*cern"ent, n.
1. That which promotes secretion.
2. (Anat.) A vessel in, or by means of, which the process of secretion
takes place; a secreting vessel.
Secernment
Se*cern"ment (?), n. (Physiol.) The act or process of secreting.
Secess
Se*cess" (?), n. [L. secessus. See Secede.] Retirement; retreat;
secession. [Obs.] R. H. More.
Secession
Se*ces"sion (?), n. [L. secessio: cf. F. s\'82cession. See Secede.]
1. The act of seceding; separation from fellowship or association with
others, as in a religious or political organization; withdrawal.
2. (U.S. Hist.) The withdrawal of a State from the national Union.
Secession Church (in Scotland). See Seceder.
Secessionism
Se*ces"sion*ism (?), n. The doctrine or policy of secession; the
tenets of secession; the tenets of secessionists.
Secessionist
Se*ces"sion*ist, n.
1. One who upholds secession.
2. (U.S. Hist.) One who holds to the belief that a State has the right
to separate from the Union at its will.
Seche
Seche (?), v. t. & i. To seek. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sechium
Se"chi*um (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. s\'82chion; perhaps formed fr. Gr.
(Bot.) The edible fruit of a West Indian plant (Sechium edule) of the
Gourd family. It is soft, pear-shaped, and about four inches long, and
contains a single large seed. The root of the plant resembles a yam,
and is used for food.
Seck
Seck (?), a. [F. sec, properly, dry, L. siccua.] Barren; unprofitable.
See Rent seck, under Rent.
Seckel
Seck"el (?), n. (Bot.) A small reddish brown sweet and juicy pear. It
originated on a farm near Philadelphia, afterwards owned by a Mr.
Seckel.
Secle
Se"cle (?), n. [L. saeculum: cf. F. si\'8acle. See Secular.] A
century. [Obs.] Hammond.
Seclude
Se*clude (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secluded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Secluding.] [L. secludere, seclusum pref. se- aside + claudere to
shut. See Close, v. t.]
1. To shut up apart from others; to withdraw into, or place in,
solitude; to separate from society or intercourse with others.
Let Eastern tyrants from the light of heaven Seclude their bosom
slaves. Thomson.
2. To shut or keep out; to exclude. [Obs.] Evelyn. -- Se*clud"ed*ly,
adv. -- Se*clud"ed*ness, n.
Seclusion
Se*clu"sion (?), n. [See Seclude.] The act of secluding, or the state
of being secluded; separation from society or connection; a
withdrawing; privacy; as, to live in seclusion.
O blest seclusion from a jarring world, which he, thus occupied,
enjoys! Cowper.
Syn. -- Solitude; separation; withdrawment; retirement; privacy. See
Solitude.
Seclusive
Se*clu"sive (?), a. Tending to seclude; keeping in seclusion;
secluding; sequestering.
Second
Sec"ond (?), a. [F., fr. L. secundus second, properly, following, fr.
sequi to follow. See Sue to follow, and cf. Secund.]
1. Immediately following the first; next to the first in order of
place or time; hence, occuring again; another; other.
And he slept and dreamed the second time. Gen. xli. 5.
2. Next to the first in value, power, excellence, dignity, or rank;
secondary; subordinate; inferior.
May the day when we become the second people upon earth . . . be
the day of our utter extirpation. Landor.
3. Being of the same kind as another that has preceded; another, like
a protype; as, a second Cato; a second Troy; a second deluge.
A Daniel, still say I, a second Daniel! Shak.
Second Adventist. See Adventist. -- Second cousin, the child of a
cousin. -- Second-cut file. See under File. -- Second distance (Art),
that part of a picture between the foreground and the background; --
called also middle ground, or middle distance. [R.] -- Second estate
(Eng.), the House of Peers. -- Second girl, a female house-servant who
does the lighter work, as chamber work or waiting on table. -- Second
intention. See under Intention. -- Second story, Story floor, in
America, the second range of rooms from the street level. This, in
England, is called the first floor, the one beneath being the ground
floor. -- Second thought OR thoughts, consideration of a matter
following a first impulse or impression; reconsideration.
On second thoughts, gentlemen, I don't wish you had known him.
Dickens.
Second
Sec"ond (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, follows, or comes after; one next and
inferior in place, time, rank, importance, excellence, or power.
Man an angel's second, nor his second long. Young.
2. One who follows or attends another for his support and aid; a
backer; an assistant; specifically, one who acts as another's aid in a
duel.
Being sure enough of seconds after the first onset. Sir H. Wotton.
3. Aid; assistance; help. [Obs.]
Give second, and my love Is everlasting thine. J. Fletcher.
4. pl. An article of merchandise of a grade inferior to the best;
esp., a coarse or inferior kind of flour.
5. [F. seconde. See Second, a.] The sixtieth part of a minute of time
or of a minute of space, that is, the second regular subdivision of
the degree; as, sound moves about 1,140 English feet in a second; five
minutes and ten seconds north of this place.
6. In the duodecimal system of mensuration, the twelfth part of an
inch or prime; a line. See Inch, and Prime, n., 8.
7. (Mus.) (a) The interval between any tone and the tone which is
represented on the degree of the staff next above it. (b) The second
part in a concerted piece; -- often popularly applied to the alto.
Second hand, the hand which marks the seconds on the dial of a watch
or a clock.
Second
Sec"ond, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seconded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seconding.]
[Cf. F. seconder, L. secundare, from secundus. See Second, a.]
1. To follow in the next place; to succeed; to alternate. [R.]
In the method of nature, a low valley is immediately seconded with
an ambitious hill. Fuller.
Sin is seconded with sin. South.
2. To follow or attend for the purpose of assisting; to support; to
back; to act as the second of; to assist; to forward; to encourage.
We have supplies to second our attempt. Shak.
In human works though labored on with pain, A thousand movements
scarce one purpose gain; In God's, one single can its end produce,
Yet serves to second too some other use. Pope.
3. Specifically, to support, as a motion or proposal, by adding one's
voice to that of the mover or proposer.
Secondarily
Sec"ond*a*ri*ly (?), adv.
1. In a secondary manner or degree.
2. Secondly; in the second place. [Obs.]
God hath set some in the church, first apostels, secondarily
prophets, thirdly teachers. 1 Cor. xii. 28.
Secondariness
Sec"ond*a*ri*ness, n. The state of being secondary.
Full of a girl's sweet sense of secondariness to the object of her
love. Mrs. Oliphant.
Secondary
Sec"ond*a*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. secondaire, L. secundaire. See Second,
a.]
1. Suceeding next in order to the first; of second place, origin,
rank, rank, etc.; not primary; subordinate; not of the first order or
rate.
Wheresoever there is normal right on the one hand, no secondary
right can discharge it. L'Estrange.
Two are the radical differences; the secondary differences are as
four. Bacon.
2. Acting by deputation or delegated authority; as, the work of
secondary hands.
3. (Chem.) Possessing some quality, or having been subject to some
operation (as substitution), in the second degree; as, a secondary
salt, a secondary amine, etc. Cf. primary.
4. (Min.) Subsequent in origin; -- said of minerals produced by
alteertion or deposition subsequent to the formation of the original
rocks mass; also of characters of minerals (as secondary cleavage,
etc.) developed by pressure or other causes.
5. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the second joint of the wing of a bird.
6. (Med.) Dependent or consequent upon another disease; as, Bright's
disease is often secondary to scarlet fever. (b) Occuring in the
second stage of a disease; as, the secondary symptoms of syphilis.
Secondary accent. See the Note under Accent, n., 1. -- Secondary age.
(Geol.) The Mesozoic age, or age before the Tertiary. See Mesozoic,
and Note under Age, n., 8. -- Secondary alcohol (Chem.), any one of a
series of alcohols which contain the radical CH.OH united with two
hydrocarbon radicals. On oxidation the secondary alcohols form
ketones. -- Secondary amputation (Surg.), an amputation for injury,
performed after the constitutional effects of the injury have
subsided. -- Secondary axis (Opt.), any line which passes through the
optical center of a lens but not through the centers of curvature, or,
in the case of a mirror, which passes through the center of curvature
but not through the center of the mirror. -- Secondary battery.
(Elec.) See under Battery, n., 4. -- Secondary circle (Geom. &
Astron.), a great circle passes through the poles of another great
circle and is therefore perpendicular to its plane. -- Secondary
circuit, Secondary coil (Elec.), a circuit or coil in which a current
is produced by the induction of a current in a neighboring circuit or
coil called the primary circuit or coil. -- Secondary color, a color
formed by mixing any two primary colors in equal proportions. --
Secondary coverts (Zo\'94l.), the longer coverts which overlie the
basal part of the secondary quills of a bird. See Illust. under Bird.
-- Secondary crystal (Min.), a crystal derived from one of the primary
forms. -- Secondary current (Elec.), a momentary current induced in a
closed circuit by a current of electricity passing through the same or
a contiguous circuit at the beginning and also at the end of the
passage of the primary current. -- Secondary evidence, that which is
admitted upon failure to obtain the primary or best evidence. --
Secondary fever (Med.), a fever coming on in a disease after the
subsidence of the fever with which the disease began, as the fever
which attends the outbreak of the eruption in smallpox. -- Secondary
hemorrhage (Med.), hemorrhage occuring from a wounded blood vessel at
some considerable time after the original bleeding has ceased. --
Secondary planet. (Astron.) See the Note under Planet. -- Secondary
qualities, those qualities of bodies which are not inseparable from
them as such, but are dependent for their development and intensity on
the organism of the percipient, such as color, taste, odor, etc. --
Secondary quills OR remiges (Zo\'94l.), the quill feathers arising
from the forearm of a bird and forming a row continuous with the
primaries; -- called also secondaries. See Illust. of Bird. --
Secondary rocks OR strata (Geol.), those lying between the Primary, or
Paleozoic, and Tertiary (see Primary rocks, under Primary); -- later
restricted to strata of the Mesozoic age, and at but little used. --
Secondary syphilis (Med.), the second stage of syphilis, including the
period from the first development of constitutional symptoms to the
time when the bones and the internal organs become involved. --
Secondary tint, any subdued tint, as gray. -- Secondary union (Surg.),
the union of wounds after suppuration; union by the second intention.
Syn. -- Second; second-rate; subordinate; inferior.
Secondary
Sec"ond*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Secondaries (.
1. One who occupies a subordinate, inferior, or auxiliary place; a
delegate deputy; one who is second or next to the chief officer; as,
the secondary, or undersheriff of the city of London.
Old Escalus . . . is thy secondary. Shak.
2. (Astron.) (a) A secondary circle. (b) A satellite.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A secondary quill.
Second-class
Sec"ond-class` (?), a. Of the rank or degree below the best highest;
inferior; second-rate; as, a second-class house; a second-class
passage.
Seconder
Sec"ond*er (?), n. One who seconds or supports what another attempts,
affirms, moves, or proposes; as, the seconder of an enterprise or of a
motion.
Secondhand
Sec"ond*hand` (?), a.
1. Not original or primary; received from another.
They have but a secondhand or implicit knowledge. Locke.
2. Not new; already or previously or used by another; as, a secondhand
book, garment.
At second hand. See Hand, n., 10.
Secondly
Sec"ond*ly, adv. In the second place.
Secondo
Se*con"do (?; It.), n. [It.] (Mus.) The second part in a concerted
piece.
Second-rate
Sec"ond-rate` (?), a. Of the second size, rank, quality, or value; as,
a second-rate ship; second-rate cloth; a second-rate champion. Dryden.
Second-sight
Sec"ond-sight` (?), n. The power of discerning what is not visible to
the physical eye, or of foreseeing future events, esp. such as are of
a disastrous kind; the capacity of a seer; prophetic vision.
he was seized with a fit of second-sight. Addison.
Nor less availed his optic sleight, And Scottish gift of
second-sight. Trumbull.
Second-sighted
Sec"ond-sight`ed, a. Having the power of second-sight. Addison.
Secre
Se"cre (? OR ?), a. Secret; secretive; faithful to a secret. [Obs.]
To be holden stable and secre. Chaucer.
Secre
Se"cre, n. A secret. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Secrecy
Se"cre*cy (?), n.; pl. Secrecies (#). [From Secret.]
1. The state or quality of being hidden; as, his movements were
detected in spite of their secrecy.
The Lady Anne, Whom the king hath in secrecy long married. Shak.
2. That which is concealed; a secret. [R.] Shak.
3. Seclusion; privacy; retirement. "The pensive secrecy of desert
cell." Milton.
4. The quality of being secretive; fidelity to a secret; forbearance
of disclosure or discovery.
It is not with public as with private prayer; in this, rather
secrecy is commanded than outward show. Hooker.
Secrely
Se"cre*ly (?), adv. Secretly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Secreness
Se"cre*ness, n. Secrecy; privacy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Secret
Se"cret (?), a. [F. secret (cf. Sp.& Pg. secreto, It. secreto,
segreto), fr. L. secretus, p.p. of secrernere to put apart, to
separate. See Certain, and cf. Secrete, Secern.]
1. Hidden; concealed; as, secret treasure; secret plans; a secret vow.
Shak.
The secret things belong unto the Lord our God; but those things
which are revealed belong unto us. Deut. xxix. 29.
2. Withdraw from general intercourse or notice; in retirement or
secrecy; secluded.
There, secret in her sapphire cell, He with the Na\'8bs wont to
dwell. Fenton.
3. Faithful to a secret; not inclined to divulge or betray confidence;
secretive. [R.]
Secret Romans, that have spoke the word, And will not palter. Shak.
4. Separate; distinct. [Obs.]
They suppose two other divine hypostases superior thereunto, which
were perfectly secret from matter. Cudworth.
Syn. -- Hidden; concealed; secluded; retired; unseen; unknown;
private; obscure; recondite; latent; covert; clandestine; privy. See
Hidden.
Secret
Se"cret, n. [F. secret (cf. Pr. secret, Sp. & Pg. secreto, It.
secreto, segreto), from L. secretum. See Secret, a.]
1. Something studiously concealed; a thing kept from general
knowledge; what is not revealed, or not to be revealed.
To tell our secrets is often folly; to communicate those of others
is treachery. Rambler.
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2. A thing not discovered; what is unknown or unexplained; a mystery.
All secrets of the deep, all nature's works. Milton
3. pl. The parts which modesty and propriety require to be concealed;
the genital organs.
In secret, in a private place; in privacy or secrecy; in a state or
place not seen; privately.
Bread eaten in secret is pleasant. Prov. ix. 17.
Secret
Se"cret (?), v. t. To keep secret. [Obs.] Bacon.
Secretage
Se"cret*age (?), n. [F.] A process in which mercury, or some of its
salts, is employed to impart the property of felting to certain kinds
of furs. Ure.
Secretarial
Sec`re*ta"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a secretary; befitting a
secretary. [R.]
Secretarial, diplomatic, or other official training. Carlyle.
Secretariat, Secretariate
Sec`re*ta"ri*at (?), Sec`re*ta"ri*ate (?), n. [F. secr\'82tariat.] The
office of a secretary; the place where a secretary transacts business,
keeps records, etc.
Secretary
Sec"re*ta*ry (?), n.; pl. Secretaries (#). [F. secr\'82taire (cf. Pr.
secretari, Sp. & Pg. secretario, It. secretario, segretario) LL.
secretarius, originally, a confidant, one intrusted with secrets, from
L. secretum a secret. See Secret, a. & n.]
1. One who keeps, or is intrusted with, secrets. [R.]
2. A person employed to write orders, letters, dispatches, public or
private papers, records, and the like; an official scribe, amanuensis,
or writer; one who attends to correspondence, and transacts other
business, for an association, a public body, or an individual.
That which is most of all profitable is acquaintance with the
secretaries, and employed men of ambassadors. Bacon.
3. An officer of state whose business is to superintend and manage the
affairs of a particular department of government, and who is usually a
member of the cabinet or advisory council of the chief executive; as,
the secretary of state, who conducts the correspondence and attends to
the relations of a government with foreign courts; the secretary of
the treasury, who manages the department of finance; the secretary of
war, etc.
4. A piece of furniture, with conveniences for writing and for the
arrangement of papers; an escritoire.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The secretary bird.
Secretary Bird. [So called in allusion to the tufts of feathers at the
back of its head, which were fancifully thought to resemble pens stuck
behind the ear.] (Zo\'94l.) A large long-legged raptorial bird
(Gypogeranus serpentarius), native of South Africa, but now
naturalized in the West Indies and some other tropical countries. It
has a powerful hooked beak, a crest of long feathers, and a long tail.
It feeds upon reptiles of various kinds, and is much prized on account
of its habit of killing and devouring snakes of all kinds. Called also
serpent eater. Syn. -- See the Note under Clerk, n., 4.
Secretaryship
Sec"re*ta*ry*ship, n. The office, or the term of office, of a
secretary.
Secrete
Se*crete" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secreted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Secreting.] [L. secretus separated, secret, hidden, p. p. of
secernere. See Secret, and cf. Discrete, Discreet.]
1. To deposit in a place of hiding; to hide; to conceal; as, to
secrete stolen goods; to secrete one's self.
2. (Physiol.) To separate from the blood and elaborate by the process
of secretion; to elaborate and emit as a secretion. See Secretion.
Why one set of cells should secrete bile, another urea, and so on,
we do not known. Carpenter.
Syn. -- To conceal; hide. See Conceal.
Secretion
Se*cre"tion (?), n. [L. secretio: cf. F. s\'82cr\'82tion.]
1. The act of secreting or concealing; as, the secretion of dutiable
goods.
2. (Physiol.) The act of secreting; the process by which material is
separated from the blood through the agency of the cells of the
various glands and elaborated by the cells into new substances so as
to form the various secretions, as the saliva, bile, and other
digestive fluids. The process varies in the different glands, and
hence are formed the various secretions.
3. (Physiol.) Any substance or fluid secreted, or elaborated and
emitted, as the gastric juice.
Secretist
Se"cret*ist (?), n. A dealer in secrets. [Obs.]
Secretitious
Se`cre*ti"tious (?), a. Parted by animal secretion; as, secretitious
humors. Floyer.
Secretive
Se*cret"ive (?), a. Tending to secrete, or to keep secret or private;
as, a secretive disposition.
Secretiveness
Se*cret"ive*ness, n.
1. The quality of being secretive; disposition or tendency to conceal.
2. (Phren.) The faculty or propensity which impels to reserve,
secrecy, or concealment.
Secretly
Se"cret*ly (?), adv. In a secret manner.
Secretness
Se"cret*ness, n.
1. The state or quality of being secret, hid, or concealed.
2. Secretiveness; concealment. Donne.
Secrete-metory
Se*cre`te-me"to*ry (?), a. (Physiol.) Causing secretion; -- said of
nerves which go to glands and influence secretion.
Secretory
Se*cre"to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82cr\'82toire. See Secrete.]
(Physiol.) Secreting; performing, or connected with, the office
secretion; secernent; as, secretory vessels, nerves. -- n. A secretory
vessel; a secernent.
Sect
Sect (?), n. [L. secare, sectum, to cut.] A cutting; a scion. [Obs.]
Shak.
Sect
Sect (?), n. [F. secte, L. sects, fr. sequi to follew; often confused
with L. secare, sectum, to cut. See Sue to follow, and cf. Sept, Suit,
n.] Those following a particular leader or authority, or attached to a
certain opinion; a company or set having a common belief or allegiance
distinct from others; in religion, the believers in a particular
creed, or upholders of a particular practice; especially, in modern
times, a party dissenting from an established church; a denomination;
in philosophy, the disciples of a particular master; a school; in
society and the state, an order, rank, class, or party.
He beareth the sign of poverty, And in that sect our Savior saved
all mankind. Piers Plowman.
As of the sect of which that he was born, He kept his lay, to which
that he was sworn. Chaucer.
The cursed sect of that detestable and false prophet Mohammed.
Fabyan.
As concerning this sect [Christians], we know that everywhere it is
spoken against. Acts xxviii. 22.
Sectant
Sec"tant (?), n. [L. secare, sectum, to cut.] One of the portions of
space bounded by the three coordinate planes. Specif. (Crystallog.),
one of the parts of a crystal into which it is divided by the axial
planes.
Sectarian
Sec*ta"ri*an (?), n. Pertaining to a sect, or to sects; peculiar to a
sect; bigotedly attached to the tenets and interests of a
denomination; as, sectarian principles or prejudices.
Sectarian
Sec*ta"ri*an, n. One of a sect; a member or adherent of a special
school, denomination, or religious or philosophical party; one of a
party in religion which has separated itself from established church,
or which holds tenets different from those of the prevailing
denomination in a state. Syn. -- See Heretic.
Sectarianism
Sec*ta"ri*an*ism (?), n. The quality or character of a sectarian;
devotion to the interests of a party; excess of partisan or
denominational zeal; adherence to a separate church organization.
Sectarianize
Sec*ta"ri*an*ize (?), v. t. To imbue with sectarian feelings; to
subject to the control of a sect.
Sectarism
Sec"ta*rism, n. Sectarianism. [Obs.]
Sectarist
Sec"ta*rist (?), n. A sectary. [R.] T. Warton.
Sectary
Sec"ta*ry (?), n.;pl. Sectaries (#). [F. sectaire. See Sect.] A
sectarian; a member or adherent of a sect; a follower or disciple of
some particular teacher in philosophy or religion; one who separates
from an established church; a dissenter.
I never knew that time in England when men of truest religion were
not counted sectaries. Milton.
Sectator
Sec*ta"tor (?), n. [L., fr. sectari, v. intens. fr. sequi to follow.
See Sue to follow.] A follower; a disciple; an adherent to a sect.
[Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
Sectile
Sec"tile (?), a. [L. sectilis, fr. secare, sectum, to cut: cf. F.
sectile. See Section.] Capable of being cut; specifically (Min.),
capable of being severed by the knife with a smooth cut; -- said of
minerals.
Sectility
Sec*til"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being sectile.
Section
Sec"tion (?), n. [L. sectio, fr. secare, sectum, to cut; akin to E.
saw a cutting instrument: cf. F. section. See Saw, and cf. Scion,
Dissect, Insect, Secant, Segment.]
1. The act of cutting, or separation by cutting; as, the section of
bodies.
2. A part separated from something; a division; a portion; a slice.
Specifically: -- (a) A distinct part or portion of a book or writing;
a subdivision of a chapter; the division of a law or other writing; a
paragraph; an article; hence, the character §, often used to denote
such a division.
It is hardly possible to give a distinct view of his several
arguments in distinct sections. Locke.
(b) A distinct part of a country or people, community, class, or the
like; a part of a territory separated by geographical lines, or of a
people considered as distinct.
The extreme section of one class consists of bigoted dotards, the
extreme section of the other consists of shallow and reckless
empirics. Macaulay.
(c) One of the portions, of one square mile each, into which the
public lands of the United States are divided; one thirty-sixth part
of a township. These sections are subdivided into quarter sections for
sale under the homestead and pre\'89mption laws.
3. (Geom.) The figure made up of all the points common to a
superficies and a solid which meet, or to two superficies which meet,
or to two lines which meet. In the first case the section is a
superficies, in the second a line, and in the third a point.
4. (Nat. Hist.) A division of a genus; a group of species separated by
some distinction from others of the same genus; -- often indicated by
the sign §.
5. (Mus.) A part of a musical period, composed of one or more phrases.
See Phrase.
6. The description or representation of anything as it would appear if
cut through by any intersecting plane; depiction of what is beyond a
plane passing through, or supposed to pass through, an object, as a
building, a machine, a succession of strata; profile.
NOTE: &hand; In mechanical drawing, as in these Illustrations of a
cannon, a longitudinal section (a) usually represents the object as
cut through its center lengthwise and vertically; a cross or
transverse section (b), as cut crosswise and vertically; and a
horizontal section (c), as cut through its center horizontally.
Oblique sections are made at various angles. In architecture, a
vertical section is a drawing showing the interior, the thickness
of the walls, ets., as if made on a vertical plane passed through a
building.
Angular sections (Math.), a branch of analysis which treats of the
relations of sines, tangents, etc., of arcs to the sines, tangents,
etc., of their multiples or of their parts. [R.] -- Conic sections.
(Geom.) See under Conic. -- Section liner (Drawing), an instrument to
aid in drawing a series of equidistant parallel lines, -- used in
representing sections. -- Thin sections, a section or slice, as of
mineral, animal, or vegetable substance, thin enough to be
transparent, and used for study under the microscope. Syn. -- Part;
portion; division. -- Section, Part. The English more commonly apply
the word section to a part or portion of a body of men; as, a section
of the clergy, a small section of the Whigs, etc. In the United States
this use is less common, but another use, unknown or but little known
in England, is very frequent, as in the phrases "the eastern section
of our country," etc., the same sense being also given to the
adjective sectional as, sectional feelings, interests, etc.
Sectional
Sec"tion*al (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a sections or distinct part of larger body or
territory; local.
All sectional interests, or party feelings, it is hoped, will
hereafter yield to schemes of ambition. Story.
2. Consisting of sections, or capable of being divided into sections;
as, a sectional steam boiler.
Sectionalism
Sec"tion*al*ism (?), n. A disproportionate regard for the interests
peculiar to a section of the country; local patriotism, as
distinguished from national. [U. S.]
Sectionality
Sec"tion*al"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being sectional;
sectionalism.
Sectionalize
Sec"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To divide according to gepgraphical
sections or local interests. [U. S.]
The principal results of the struggle were to sectionalize parties.
Nicilay & Hay (Life of Lincoln).
Sectionally
Sec"tion*al*ly, adv. In a sectional manner.
Sectionize
Sec"tion*ize (?), v. t. To form into sections. [R.]
Sectism
Sect"ism (?), n. Devotion to a sect. [R.]
Sectist
Sect"ist, n. One devoted to a sect; a soetary. [R.]
Sectiuncle
Sect"i*un`cle (?), n. A little or petty sect. [R.] "Some new sect or
sectiuncle." J. Martineau.
Sector
Sec"tor (?), n. [L., properly, a cutter, fr. secare, sectum, to cut:
cf. F. secteur. See Section.]
1. (Geom.) A part of a circle comprehended between two radii and the
included arc.
2. A mathematical instrument, consisting of two rulers connected at
one end by a joint, each arm marked with several scales, as of equal
parts, chords, sines, tangents, etc., one scale of each kind on each
arm, and all on lines radiating from the common center of motion. The
sector is used for plotting, etc., to any scale.
3. An astronomical instrument, the limb of which embraces a small
portion only of a circle, used for measuring differences of
declination too great for the compass of a micrometer. When it is used
for measuring zenith distances of stars, it is called a zenith sector.
Dip sector, an instrument used for measuring the dip of the horizon.
-- Sector of a sphere, OR Spherical sector, the solid generated by the
revolution of the sector of a circle about one of its radii, or, more
rarely, about any straight line drawn in the plane of the sector
through its vertex.
Sectoral
Sec"tor*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a sector; as, a sectoral
circle.
Sectorial
Sec*to"ri*al (?), a. (Anat.) Adapted for cutting. -- n. A sectorial,
or carnassial, tooth.
Secular
Sec"u*lar (?), a. [OE. secular, seculer. L. saecularis, fr. saeculum a
race, generation, age, the times, the world; perhaps akin to E. soul:
cf. F. s\'82culier.]
1. Coming or observed once in an age or a century.
The secular year was kept but once a century. Addison.
2. Pertaining to an age, or the progress of ages, or to a long period
of time; accomplished in a long progress of time; as, secular
inequality; the secular refrigeration of the globe.
3. Of or pertaining to this present world, or to things not spiritual
or holy; relating to temporal as distinguished from eternal interests;
not immediately or primarily respecting the soul, but the body;
worldly.
New foes arise, Threatening to bind our souls with secular chains.
Milton.
4. (Eccl.) Not regular; not bound by monastic vows or rules; not
confined to a monastery, or subject to the rules of a religious
community; as, a secular priest.
He tried to enforce a stricter discipline and greater regard for
morals, both in the religious orders and the secular clergy.
Prescett.
5. Belonging to the laity; lay; not clerical.
I speak of folk in secular estate. Chaucer.
Secular equation (Astron.), the algebraic or numerical expression of
the magnitude of the inequalities in a planet's motion that remain
after the inequalities of a short period have been allowed for. --
Secular games (Rom. Antiq.), games celebrated, at long but irregular
intervals, for three days and nights, with sacrifices, theatrical
shows, combats, sports, and the like. -- Secular music, any music or
songs not adapted to sacred uses. -- Secular hymn OR poem, a hymn or
poem composed for the secular games, or sung or rehearsed at those
games.
Secular
Sec"u*lar, n.
1. (Eccl.) A secular ecclesiastic, or one not bound by monastic rules.
Burke.
2. (Eccl.) A church official whose functions are confined to the vocal
department of the choir. Busby.
3. A layman, as distinguished from a clergyman.
Secularism
Sec"u*lar*ism (?), n.
1. The state or quality of being secular; a secular spirit;
secularity.
2. The tenets or principles of the secularists.
Secularist
Sec"u*lar*ist, n. One who theoretically rejects every form of
religious faith, and every kind of religious worship, and accepts only
the facts and influences which are derived from the present life;
also, one who believes that education and other matters of civil
policy should be managed without the introduction of a religious
element.
Secularity
Sec`u*lar"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.F. s\'82cularit\'82, LL. saecularitas.]
Supreme attention to the things of the present life; worldliness.
A secularity of character which makes Christianity and its
principal doctrines distasteful or unintelligible. I. Taylor.
Secularization
Sec`u*lar*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82cularisation.] The act of
rendering secular, or the state of being rendered secular; conversion
from regular or monastic to secular; conversion from religious to lay
or secular possession and uses; as, the secularization of church
property.
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Secularize
Sec"u*lar*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secularized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Secularizing (?).] [Cf. F. s\'82culaiser.]
1. To convert from regular or monastic into secular; as, to secularize
a priest or a monk.
2. To convert from spiritual or common use; as, to secularize a
church, or church property.
At the Reformation the abbey was secularized. W. Coxe.
3. To make worldly or unspiritual. Bp. Horsley.
Secularly
Sec"u*lar*ly, adv. In a secular or worldly manner.
Secularness
Sec"u*lar*ness, n. The quality or state of being secular; worldliness;
worldly-minded-ness.
Secund
Se"cund (?), a. [L. secundus following the course or current of wind
of water. See Second, a.] (Bot.) Arranged on one side only, as flowers
or leaves on a stalk. Gray.
Secundate
Se*cun"date (?), v. t. [L.secundatus, p. p. of secundare to direct
faverably.] To make prosperous. [R.]
Secundation
Sec`un*da"tion (?), n. Prosperity. [R.]
Secundine
Sec"un*dine (?), n. [Cf. F. secondine.]
1. (Bot.) The second coat, or integument, of an ovule, lying within
the primine.
NOTE: &hand; In th e ri pened se ed th e primine and secundine are
usually united to form the testa, or outer seed coat. When they
remain distinct the secundine becomes the mesosperm, as in the
castor bean.
2. [Cf. F. secondines.] The afterbirth, or placenta and membranes; --
generally used in the plural.
Secundo-geniture
Se*cun`do-gen"i*ture (?), n. [L. secundus second + genitura a
begetting, generation.] A right of inheritance belonging to a second
son; a property or possession so inherited.
The kingdom of Naples . . . was constituted a secundo-geniture of
Spain. Bancroft.
Securable
Se*cur"a*ble (?), a. That may be secured.
Secure
Se*cure" (?), a. [L. securus; pref. se- without + cura care. See Cure
care, and cf. Sure, a.]
1. Free from fear, care, or anxiety; easy in mind; not feeling
suspicion or distrust; confident.
But thou, secure of soul, unbent with woes. DRyden.
2. Overconfident; incautious; careless; -- in a bad sense. Macaulay.
3. Confident in opinion; not entertaining, or not having reason to
entertain, doubt; certain; sure; -- commonly with of; as, secure of a
welcome.
Confidence then bore thee on, secure Either to meet no danger, or
to find Matter of glorious trial. Milton.
4. Net exposed to danger; safe; -- applied to persons and things, and
followed by against or from. "Secure from fortune's blows." Dryden.
Syn. -- Safe; undisturbed; easy; sure; certain; assured; confident;
careless; heedless; inattentive.
Secure
Se*cure", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Securing.]
1. To make safe; to relieve from apprehensions of, or exposure to,
danger; to guard; to protect.
I spread a cloud before the victor's sight, Sustained the
vanquished, and secured his flight. Dryden.
2. To put beyond hazard of losing or of not receiving; to make
certain; to assure; to insure; -- frequently with against or from,
rarely with of; as, to secure a creditor against loss; to secure a
debt by a mortgage.
It secures its possessor of eternal happiness. T. Dick.
3. To make fast; to close or confine effectually; to render incapable
of getting loose or escaping; as, to secure a prisoner; to secure a
door, or the hatches of a ship.
4. To get possession of; to make one's self secure of; to acquire
certainly; as, to secure an estate.
Secure arms (Mil.), a command and a position in the manual of arms,
used in wet weather, the object being to guard the firearm from
becoming wet. The piece is turned with the barrel to the front and
grasped by the right hand at the lewer band, the muzzle is dropped to
the front, and the piece held with the guard under the right arm, the
hand supported against the hip, and the thumb on the rammer.
Securely
Se*cure"ly, adv. In a secure manner; without fear or apprehension;
without danger; safely.
His daring foe . . . securely him defied. Milton.
Securement
Se*cure"ment (?), n. The act of securing; protection. [R.]
Society condemns the securement in all cases of perpetual
protection by means of perpetual imprisonment. C. A. Ives.
Secureness
Se*cure"ness, n. The condition or quality of being secure; exemption
from fear; want of vigilance; security.
Securer
Se*cur"er (?), n. One who, or that which, secures.
Securifera
Sec`u*rif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. securis an ax + ferre to
bear.] (Zo\'94l.) The Serrifera.
Securiform
Se*cu"ri*form (?), a. [L. securis an ax or hatchet + -form: cf. F.
s\'82curiforme.] (Nat. Hist.) Having the form of an ax hatchet.
Securipalp
Se*cu"ri*palp (?), n. [L. securis ax, hatchet + E. palp.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of a family of beetles having the maxillary palpi terminating in a
hatchet-shaped joint.
Security
Se*cu"ri*ty (?), n.; pl. Securities (#). [L. securitas: cf. F.
s\'82curit\'82. See Secure, and cf. Surety.]
1. The condition or quality of being secure; secureness. Specifically:
(a) Freedom from apprehension, anxiety, or care; confidence of power
of safety; hence, assurance; certainty.
His trembling hand had lost the ease, Which marks security to
please. Sir W. Scott.
(b) Hence, carelessness; negligence; heedlessness.
He means, my lord, that we are too remiss, Whilst Bolingbroke,
through our security, Grows strong and great in substance and in
power. Shak.
(c) Freedom from risk; safety.
Give up yourself merely to chance and hazard, From firm security.
Shak.
Some . . . alleged that we should have no security for our trade.
Swift.
2. That which secures or makes safe; protection; guard; defense.
Specifically: (a) Something given, deposited, or pledged, to make
certain the fulfillment of an obligation, the performance of a
contract, the payment of a debt, or the like; surety; pledge.
Those who lent him money lent it on no security but his bare word.
Macaulay.
(b) One who becomes surety for another, or engages himself for the
performance of another's obligation.
3. An evidence of debt or of property, as a bond, a certificate of
stock, etc.; as, government securities. Syn. -- Protection; defense;
guard; shelter; safety; certainty; ease; assurance; carelessness;
confidence; surety; pledge; bail.
Sedan
Se*dan" (?), n. [Said to be named from Sedan, in France, where it was
first made, and whence it was introduced into England in the time of
King Charles I.] A portable chair or covered vehicle for carrying a
single person, -- usually borne on poles by two men. Called also sedan
chair.
Sedate
Se*date" (?), a. [L. sedatus, p. p. of sedare, sedatum, to allay,
calm, causative of sedere to sit. See Sit.] Undisturbed by passion or
caprice; calm; tranquil; serene; not passionate or giddy; composed;
staid; as, a sedate soul, mind, or temper.
Disputation carries away the mind from that calm and sedate temper
which is so necessary to contemplate truth. I. Watts.
Whatsoever we feel and know Too sedate for outward show.
Wordsworth.
Syn. -- Settled; composed; calm; quiet; tranquil; still; serene;
unruffled; undisturbed; conteplative; sober; serious. -- Se*date"ly,
adv. -- Se*date"ness, n.
Sedation
Se*da"tion (?), n. [L. sedatio.] The act of calming, or the state of
being calm. [R.] Coles.
Sedative
Sed"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82datif.] Tending to calm, moderate, or
tranquilize; specifically (Med.), allaying irritability and
irritation; assuaging pain.
Sedative
Sed"a*tive, n. (Med.) A remedy which allays irritability and
irritation, and irritative activity or pain.
Sedent
Se"dent (?), a. [L. sedens, -entis, p. pr. of sedere to sit. See Sit.]
Sitting; inactive; quiet. [R.]
Sedentarily
Sed"en*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. In a sedentary manner.
Sedentariness
Sed"en*ta*r*i*ness, n. Quality of being sedentary.
Sedentary
Sed"en*ta*ry (?), a. [L. sedentarius, fr. sedere to sit: cf. F.
se\'82dentaire. See Sedent.]
1. Accustomed to sit much or long; as, a sedentary man. "Sedentary,
scholastic sophists." Bp. Warburton.
2. Characterized by, or requiring, much sitting; as, a sedentary
employment; a sedentary life.
Any education that confined itself to sedentary pursuits was
essentially imperfect. Beaconsfield.
3. Inactive; motionless; sluggish; hence, calm; tranquil. [R.] "The
sedentary earth." Milton.
The soul, considered abstractly from its passions, is of a remiss,
sedentary nature. Spectator.
4. Caused by long sitting. [Obs.] "Sedentary numbness." Milton.
5. (Zo\'94l.) Remaining in one place, especially when firmly attached
to some object; as, the oyster is a sedentary mollusk; the barnacles
are sedentary crustaceans.
Sedentary spider (Zo\'94l.), one of a tribe of spiders which rest
motionless until their prey is caught in their web.
Sederunt
Se*de"runt (?), n. [L., they sat, fr. sedere to sit.] A sitting, as of
a court or other body.
'T is pity we have not Burn's own account of that long sederunt.
Prof. Wilson.
Acts of sederunt (Scots Law), ordinances of the Court of Session for
the ordering of processes and expediting of justice. Bell.
Sedge
Sedge (?), n. [OE. segge, AS. secg; akin to LG. segge; -- probably
named from its bladelike appearance, and akin to L. secare to cut, E.
saw a cutting instrument; cf. Ir. seisg, W. hesg. Cf. Hassock, Saw the
instrument.]
1. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Carex, perennial, endogenous herbs,
often growing in dense tufts in marshy places. They have triangular
jointless stems, a spiked inflorescence, and long grasslike leaves
which are usually rough on the margins and midrib. There are several
hundred species.
NOTE: &hand; Th e name is sometimes given to any other plant of the
order Cyperace\'91, which includes Carex, Cyperus, Scirpus, and
many other genera of rushlike plants.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A flock of herons.
Sedge ken (Zo\'94l.), the clapper rail. See under 5th Rail. -- Sedge
warbler (Zo\'94l.), a small European singing bird (Acrocephalus
phragmitis). It often builds its nest among reeds; -- called also
sedge bird, sedge wren, night warbler, and Scotch nightingale.
Sedged
Sedged (?), a. Made or composed of sedge.
With your sedged crowns and ever-harmless looks. Shak.
Sedgy
Sedg"y (?), a. Overgrown with sedge.
On the gentle Severn\'b6s sedgy bank. Shak.
Sedilia
Se*dil"i*a (?), n. pl.; sing. Sedile (. [L. sedile a seat.] (Arch.)
Seats in the chancel of a church near the altar for the officiating
clergy during intervals of service. Hook.
Sediment
Sed"i*ment (?), n. [F. s\'82diment, L. sedimentum a settling, fr.
sedere to sit, to settle. See Sit.]
1. The matter which subsides to the bottom, frrom water or any other
liquid; settlings; lees; dregs.
2. (Geol.) The material of which sedimentary rocks are formed.
Sedimental
Sed`i*men"tal (?), a. Sedimentary.
Sedimentary
Sed`i*men"ta*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82dimentaire.] Of or pertaining to
sediment; formed by sediment; containing matter that has subsided.
Sedimentary rocks. (Geol.) See Aqueous rocks, under Aqueous.
Sedimentation
Sed`i*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act of depositing a sediment;
specifically (Geol.), the deposition of the material of which
sedimentary rocks are formed.
Sedition
Se*di"tion (?), n. [OE. sedicioun, OF. sedition, F. s\'82dition, fr.
L. seditio, originally, a going aside; hence, an insurrectionary
separation; pref. se-, sed-, aside + itio a going, fr. ire, itum, to
go. Cf. Issue.]
1. The raising of commotion in a state, not amounting to insurrection;
conduct tending to treason, but without an overt act; excitement of
discontent against the government, or of resistance to lawful
authority.
In soothing them, we nourish 'gainst our senate The cockle of
rebellion, insolence, sedition. Shak.
Noisy demagogues who had been accused of sedition. Macaulay.
2. Dissension; division; schism. [Obs.]
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, . . . emulations, wrath,
strife, seditions, heresies. Gal. v. 19, 20.
Syn. -- Insurrection; tumult; uproar; riot; rebellion; revolt. See
Insurrection.
Seditionary
Se*di"tion*a*ry (?), n. An inciter or promoter of sedition. Bp. Hall.
Seditious
Se*di"tious (?), a.[L. seditiosus: cf. F. s\'82ditieux.]
1. Of or pertaining to sedition; partaking of the nature of, or
tending to excite, sedition; as, seditious behavior; seditious strife;
seditious words.
2. Disposed to arouse, or take part in, violent opposition to lawful
authority; turbulent; factious; guilty of sedition; as, seditious
citizens. -- Se*di"tious*ly, adv. -- Se*di"tious*ness, n.
Sedlitz
Sed"litz (?), a. Same as Seidlitz.
Seduce
Se*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seduced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Seducing (?).] [L. seducere, seductum; pref. se- aside + ducere to
lead. See Duke.]
1. To draw aside from the path of rectitude and duty in any manner; to
entice to evil; to lead astray; to tempt and lead to iniquity; to
corrupt.
For me, the gold of France did not seduce. Shak.
2. Specifically, to induce to surrender chastity; to debauch by means
of solicitation. Syn. -- To allure; entice; tempt; attract; mislead;
decoy; inveigle. See Allure.
Seducement
Se*duce"ment (?), n.
1. The act of seducing.
2. The means employed to seduce, as flattery, promises, deception,
etc.; arts of enticing or corrupting. Pope.
Seducer
Se*du"cer (?), n. One who, or that which, seduces; specifically, one
who prevails over the chastity of a woman by enticements and
persuasions.
He whose firm faith no reason could remove, Will melt before that
soft seducer, love. Dryden.
Seducible
Se*du"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of being seduced; corruptible.
Seducing
Se*du"cing (?), a. Seductive. "Thy sweet seducing charms." Cowper. --
Se*du"cing*ly, adv.
Seduction
Se*duc*tion (?), n. [L. seductio: cf. F. s\'82duction. See Seduce.]
1. The act of seducing; enticement to wrong doing; specifically, the
offense of inducing a woman to consent to unlawful sexual intercourse,
by enticements which overcome her scruples; the wrong or crime of
persuading a woman to surrender her chastity.
2. That which seduces, or is adapted to seduce; means of leading
astray; as, the seductions of wealth.
Seductive
Se*duc"tive (?), a. Tending to lead astray; apt to mislead by
flattering appearances; tempting; alluring; as, a seductive offer.
This may enable us to understand how seductive is the influence of
example. Sir W. Hamilton.
Seductively
Se*duc"tive*ly, adv. In a seductive manner.
Seductress
Se*duc"tress (?), n. A woman who seduces.
Sedulity
Se*du"li*ty (?), n. [L. sedulitas. See Sedulous.] The quality or state
of being sedulous; diligent and assiduous application; constant
attention; unremitting industry; sedulousness.
The industrious bee, by his sedulity in summer, lives in honey all
the winter. Feltham.
Sedulous
Sed"u*lous (?), a. [L. sedulus, perhaps from sedere to sit, and so
akin to E. sit.] Diligent in application or pursuit; constant, steady,
and persevering in business, or in endeavors to effect an object;
steadily industrious; assiduous; as, the sedulous bee.
What signifies the sound of words in prayer, without the affection
of the heart, and a sedulous application of the proper means that
may naturally lead us to such an end? L'Estrange.
Syn. -- Assiduous; diligent; industrious; laborious; unremitting;
untiring; unwearied; persevering. -- Sed"u*lous*ly, adv. --
Sed"u*lous*ness, n.
Sedum
Se"dum (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sedere to sit; so called in allusion to
the manner in which the plants attach themselves to rocks and walls.]
(Bot.) A genus of plants, mostly perennial, having succulent leaves
and cymose flowers; orpine; stonecrop. Gray.
See
See (?), n. [OE. se, see, OF. se, sed, sied, fr. L. sedes a seat, or
the kindred sedere to sit. See Sit, and cf. Siege.]
1. A seat; a site; a place where sovereign power is exercised. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Jove laughed on Venus from his sovereign see. Spenser.
2. Specifically: (a) The seat of episcopal power; a diocese; the
jurisdiction of a bishop; as, the see of New York. (b) The seat of an
archibishop; a province or jurisdiction of an archibishop; as, an
archiepiscopal see. (c) The seat, place, or office of the pope, or
Roman pontiff; as, the papal see. (d) The pope or his court at Rome;
as, to appeal to the see of Rome.
Apostolic see. See under Apostolic.
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Page 1303
See
See (?), v. t. [imp. Saw (?); p. p. Seen (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeing.]
[OE. seen, sen, seon, As. se\'a2n; akin to OFries. s\'c6a, D. zien,
OS. & OHG. sehan, G. sehen, Icel. sj\'be, Sw. se, Dan. see, Goth.
sa\'a1hwan, and probably to L. sequi to follow (and so originally
meaning, to follow with the eyes). Gr. sac. Cf. Sight, Sun to follow.]
1. To perceive by the eye; to have knowledge of the existence and
apparent qualities of by the organs of sight; to behold; to descry; to
view.
I will new turn aside, and see this great sight. Ex. iii. 3.
2. To perceive by mental vision; to form an idea or conception of; to
note with the mind; to observe; to discern; to distinguish; to
understand; to comprehend; to ascertain.
Go, I pray thee, see whether it be well with thy brethren. Gen.
xxxvii. 14.
Jesus saw that he answered discreetly. Mark xii. 34.
Who 's so gross That seeth not this palpable device? Shak.
3. To follow with the eyes, or as with the eyes; to watch; to regard
attentivelly; to look after. Shak.
I had a mind to see him out, and therefore did not care for
centradicting him. Addison.
4. To have an interview with; especially, to make a call upon; to
visit; as, to go to see a friend.
And Samuel came no more to see Saul untill the day of his death. 1
Sam. xv. 35.
5. To fall in with; to have intercourse or communication with; hence,
to have knowledge or experience of; as, to see military service.
Make us glad according to the days wherein thou hast afflicted us,
and the years wherein we have seen evil. Ps. xc. 15.
Verily, verily, I say unto you, if a man keep my saying, he shall
never see death. John viii. 51.
Improvement in visdom and prudence by seeing men. Locke.
6. To accompany in person; to escort; to wait upon; as, to see one
home; to see one aboard the cars.
God you (him, OR me, etc.) see, God keep you (him, me, etc.) in his
sight; God protect you. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To see (anything) out, to
see (it) to the end; to be present at, or attend, to the end. -- To
see stars, to see flashes of light, like stars; -- sometimes the
result of concussion of the head. [Colloq.] -- To see (one) through,
to help, watch, or guard (one) to the end of a course or an
undertaking.
See
See, v. i.
1. To have the power of sight, or of perceiving by the proper organs;
to possess or employ the sense of vision; as, he sees distinctly.
Whereas I was blind, now I see. John ix. 25.
2. Figuratively: To have intellectual apprehension; to perceive; to
know; to understand; to discern; -- often followed by a preposition,
as through, or into.
For judgment I am come into this world, that they which see not
might see; and that they which see might be made blind. John ix.
39.
Many sagacious persons will find us out, . . . and see through all
our fine pretensions. Tillotson.
3. To be attentive; to take care; to give heed; -- generally with to;
as, to see to the house.
See that ye fall not out by the way. Gen. xiv. 24.
NOTE: &hand; Le t me se e, Le t us se e, ar e us ed to ex press
consideration, or to introduce the particular consideration of a
subject, or some scheme or calculation.
Cassio's a proper man, let me see now, - To get his place. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Se e is sometimes used in the imperative for look, or
behold. "See. see! upon the banks of Boyne he stands."
Halifax. To see about a thing, to pay attention to it; to consider it.
-- To see on, to look at. [Obs.] "She was full more blissful on to
see." Chaucer. -- To see to. (a) To look at; to behold; to view.
[Obs.] "An altar by Jordan, a great altar to see to" Josh. xxii. 10.
(b) To take care about; to look after; as, to see to a fire.
Seed
Seed (?), n.; pl. Seed or Seeds (#). [OE. seed, sed, AS. s, fr.
s\'bewan to sow; akin to D. zaad seed, G. saat, Icel. s\'be, s, Goth.
manas seed of men. world. See Sow to scatter seed, and cf. Colza.]
1. (Bot.) (a) A ripened ovule, consisting of an embryo with one or
more integuments, or coverings; as, an apple seed; a currant seed. By
germination it produces a new plant. (b) Any small seedlike fruit,
though it may consist of a pericarp, or even a calyx, as well as the
seed proper; as, parsnip seed; thistle seed.
And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding
seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed
is in itself. Gen. i. 11.
NOTE: &hand; Th e se ed pr oper has an outer and an inner coat, and
within these the kernel or nucleus. The kernel is either the embryo
alone, or the embryo inclosed in the albumen, which is the material
for the nourishment of the developing embryo. The scar on a seed,
left where the stem parted from it, is called the hilum, and the
closed orifice of the ovule, the micropyle.
2. (Physiol.) The generative fluid of the male; semen; sperm; -- not
used in the plural.
3. That from which anything springs; first principle; original;
source; as, the seeds of virtue or vice.
4. The principle of production.
Praise of great acts he scatters as a seed, Which may the like in
coming ages breed. Waller.
5. Progeny; offspring; children; descendants; as, the seed of Abraham;
the seed of David.
NOTE: &hand; In this sense the word is applied to one person, or to
any number collectively, and admits of the plural form, though
rarely used in the plural.
6. Race; generation; birth.
Of mortal seed they were not held. Waller.
Seed bag (Artesian well), a packing to prevent percolation of water
down the bore hole. It consists of a bag encircling the tubing and
filled with flax seed, which swells when wet and fills the space
between the tubing and the sides of the hole. -- Seed bud (Bot.), the
germ or rudiment of the plant in the embryo state; the ovule. -- Seed
coat (Bot.), the covering of a seed. -- Seed corn, OR Seed grain
(Bot.), corn or grain for seed. -- Seed down (Bot.), the soft hairs on
certain seeds, as cotton seed. -- Seed drill. See 6th Drill, 2 (a). --
Seed eater (Zo\'94l.), any finch of the genera Sporophila, and
Crithagra. They feed mainly on seeds. -- Seed gall (Zo\'94l.), any
gall which resembles a seed, formed, on the leaves of various plants,
usually by some species of Phylloxera. -- Seed leaf (Bot.), a
cotyledon. -- Seed lobe (Bot.), a cotyledon; a seed leaf. -- Seed oil,
oil expressed from the seeds of plants. -- Seed oyster, a young
oyster, especially when of a size suitable for transplantation to a
new locality. -- Seed pearl, a small pearl of little value. -- Seed
plat, OR Seed plot, the ground on which seeds are sown, to produce
plants for transplanting; a nursery. -- Seed stalk (Bot.), the stalk
of an ovule or seed; a funicle. -- Seed tick (Zo\'94l.), one of
several species of ticks resembling seeds in form and color. -- Seed
vessel (Bot.), that part of a plant which contains the seeds; a
pericarp. -- Seed weevil (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous small
weevels, especially those of the genus Apion, which live in the seeds
of various plants. -- Seed wool, cotton wool not yet cleansed of its
seeds. [Southern U.S.]
Seed
Seed, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seeded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seeding.]
1. To sprinkle with seed; to plant seeds in; to sow; as, to seed a
field.
2. To cover thinly with something scattered; to ornament with seedlike
decorations.
A sable mantle seeded with waking eyes. B. Jonson.
To seed down, to sow with grass seed.
Seedbox
Seed"box` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A capsule. (b) A plant (Ludwigia
alternifolia) which has somewhat cubical or box-shaped capsules.
Seedcake
Seed"cake` (?), n. A sweet cake or cooky containing aromatic seeds, as
caraway. Tusser.
Seedcod
Seed"cod` (?), n. A seedlip. [Prov. Eng.]
Seeder
Seed"er (?), n. One who, or that which, sows or plants seed.
Seediness
Seed`i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being seedy, shabby, or
worn out; a state of wretchedness or exhaustion. [Colloq.] G. Eliot.
What is called seedness, after a debauch, is a plain proof that
nature has been outraged. J. S. Blackie.
Seed-lac
Seed"-lac` (?), n. A species of lac. See the Note under Lac.
Seedless
Seed"less, a. Without seed or seeds.
Seedling
Seed"ling (?), n. (Bot.) A plant reared from the seed, as
distinguished from one propagated by layers, buds, or the like.
Seedlip, Seedlop
Seed"lip` (?), Seed"lop` (?), n. [AS. s; s seed + le\'a0p basket.] A
vessel in which a sower carries the seed to be scattered. [Prov. Eng.]
Seedman
Seed"man (?), See Seedsman.
Seedness
Seed"ness, n. Seedtime. [Obs.] Shak.
Seedsman
Seeds"man (?), n.; pl. Seedsmen (.
1. A sower; one who sows or scatters seed.
The seedsman Upon the slime and ooze scatters his grain. Shak.
2. A person who deals in seeds.
Seedtime
Seed"time` (?), n. [AS. s.] The season proper for sowing.
While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat,
and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not cease. Gen.
viii. 22.
Seedy
Seed"y (?), a. [Compar. Seedier (?); superl. Seediest.]
1. Abounding with seeds; bearing seeds; having run to seeds.
2. Having a peculiar flavor supposed to be derived from the weeds
growing among the vines; -- said of certain kinds of FRench brandy.
3. Old and worn out; exhausted; spiritless; also, poor and
miserable looking; shabily clothed; shabby looking; as, he looked
seedy coat. [Colloq.]
Little Flanigan here . . . is a little seedy, as we say among us
that practice the law. Goldsmith.
Seedy toe
, an affection of a horse's foot, in which a cavity filled with horn
powder is formed between the lamin\'91 and the wall of the hoof.
Seeing
See"ing (?), conj. (but originally a present participle). In view of
the fact (that); considering; taking into account (that); insmuch as;
since; because; -- followed by a dependent clause; as, he did well,
seeing that he was so young.
Wherefore come ye to me, seeing ye hate me? Gen. xxvi. 27.
Seek
Seek (?), a. Sick. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Seek
Seek, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sought (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeking.] [OE,
seken, AS. s, s; akin to OS. s, LG. s\'94ken, D. zoeken, OHG. suohhan,
G. suchen, Icel. s, Sw. s\'94ka, Dan. s\'94ge, Goth. s, and E. sake.
Cf. Beseech, Ransack, Sagacious, Sake, Soc.]
1. To go in search of; to look for; to search for; to try to find.
The man saked him, saying, What seekest thou? And he said, I seek
my brethren. Gen. xxxvii. 15,16.
2. To inquire for; to ask for; to solicit; to bessech.
Others, tempting him, sought of him a sign. Luke xi. 16.
3. To try to acquire or gain; to strive after; to aim at; as, to seek
wealth or fame; to seek one's life.
4. To try to reach or come to; to go to; to resort to.
Seek not Bethel, nor enter into Gilgal. Amos v. 5.
Since great Ulysses sought the Phrygian plains. Pope.
Seek
Seek (?), v. i. To make search or inquiry: to endeavor to make
discovery.
Seek ye out of the book of the Lord, and read. Isa. xxxiv. 16.
To seek, needing to seek or search; hence, unpreparated. "Unpracticed,
unpreparated, and still to seek." Milton. [Obs] -- To seek after, to
make pursuit of; to attempt to find or take. -- To seek for, to
endeavor to find. -- To seek to, to apply to; to resort to; to court.
[Obs.] "All the earth sought to Solomon, to hear his wisdom." 1. Kings
x. 24. -- To seek upon, to make strict inquiry after; to follow up; to
persecute. [Obs.]
To seek Upon a man and do his soul unrest. Chaucer.
Seeker
Seek"er (?), n.
1. One who seeks; that which is used in seeking or searching.
2. (Eccl.) One of a small heterogeneous sect of the 17th century, in
Great Britain, who professed to be seeking the true church, ministry,
and sacraments.
A skeptic [is] ever seeking and never finds, like our new upstart
sect of Seekers. Bullokar.
Seek-no-further
Seek"-no-fur`ther (?), n. A kind of choice winter apple, having a
subacid taste; -- formerly called go-no-further.
Seek-sorrow
Seek"-sor`row (?), n. One who contrives to give himself vexation.
[Archaic.] Sir P. Sidney.
Seel
Seel (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seeled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeling.]
[F.siller, ciller, fr. cil an eyelash, L. cilium.]
1. (Falconry) To close the eyes of (a hawk or other bird) by drawing
through the lids threads which were fastened over the head. Bacon.
Fools climbs to fall: fond hopes, like seeled doves for want of
better light, mount till they end their flight with falling. J.
Reading.
2. Hence, to shut or close, as the eyes; to blind.
Come, seeling night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day. Shak.
Gold death, with a violent fate, his sable eyes did seel. Chapman.
Seel
Seel, v. i. [Cf. LG. sielen to lead off water, F. siller to run ahead,
to make headway, E. sile, v.t.] To incline to one side; to lean; to
roll, as a ship at sea. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
Seel, Seeling
Seel (?), Seel"ing, n. The rolling or agitation of a ship in a sterm.
[Obs.] Sandys.
Seel
Seel, n. [AS. s, from s good, prosperous. See Silly.]
1. Good fortune; favorable opportunity; prosperity. [Obs.] "So have I
seel". Chaucer.
2. Time; season; as, hay seel. [Prov. Eng.]
Seelily
Seel"i*ly (?), adv. In a silly manner. [Obs.]
Seely
Seel"y (?), a. See Silly. [Obs.] Spenser.
Seem
Seem (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Seemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seeming.]
[OE. semen to seem, to become, befit, AS. s to satisfy, pacify; akin
to Icel. s to honor, to bear with, conform to, s becoming, fit, s to
beseem, to befit, sama to beseem, semja to arrange, settle, put right,
Goth. samjan to please, and to E. same. The sense is probably due to
the adj. seemly. &root;191. See Same, a., and cf. Seemly.] To appear,
or to appear to be; to have a show or semblance; to present an
appearance; to look; to strike one's apprehension or fancy as being;
to be taken as. "It now seemed probable." Macaulay.
Thou picture of what thou seem'st. Shak.
All seemed well pleased; all seemed, but were not all. Milton.
There is a way which seemeth right unto a man; but the end thereof
are the ways of death. Prov. xiv. 12.
It seems, it appears; it is understood as true; it is said.
A prince of Italy, it seems, entertained his misstress on a great
lake. Addison.
Syn. -- To appear; look. -- Seem, Appear. To appear has reference to a
thing's being presented to our view; as, the sun appears; to seem is
connected with the idea of semblance, and usually implies an inference
of our mind as to the probability of a thing's being so; as, a storm
seems to be coming. "The story appears to be true," means that the
facts, as presented, go to show its truth; "the story seems to be
true," means that it has the semblance of being so, and we infer that
it is true. "His first and principal care being to appear unto his
people such as he would have them be, and to be such as he appeared."
Sir P. Sidney.
Ham. Ay, madam, it is common. Queen. If it be, Why seems it so
particular with thee? Ham. Seems, madam! Nay, it is; I know not
"seems." Shak.
Seem
Seem, v. t. To befit; to beseem. [Obs.] Spenser.
Seemer
Seem"er (?), n. One who seems; one who carries or assumes an
appearance or semblance.
Hence shall we see, If power change purpose, what our seemers be.
Shak.
Seeming
Seem"ing, a. Having a semblance, whether with or without reality;
apparent; specious; befitting; as, seeming friendship; seeming truth.
My lord, you have lost a friend indeed; And I dare swear you borrow
not that face Of seeming sorrow, it is sure your own. Shak.
Seeming
Seem"ing, n.
1. Appearance; show; semblance; fair appearance; speciousness.
These keep Seeming and savor all the winter long. Shak.
2. Apprehension; judgment. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Nothing more clear unto their seeming. Hooker.
His persuasive words, impregned With reason, to her seeming.
Milton.
Seemingly
Seem"ing*ly, adv. In appearance; in show; in semblance; apparently;
ostensibly.
This the father seemingly complied with. Addison.
Seemingness
Seem"ing*ness, n. Semblance; fair appearance; plausibility. Sir K.
Digby.
Seemless
Seem"less, a. Unseemly. [Obs.] Spenser.
Seemlily
Seem"li*ly (?), adv. In a seemly manner. [Obs.]
Seemliness
Seem"li*ness, n. The quality or state of being seemly: comeliness;
propriety.
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Seemly
Seem"ly (?), a. [Compar.Seemlier (; superl. Seeliest.] [Icel. s, fr. s
becoming, fit; akin to samr same, E. same; the sense being properly,
the same or like, hence, fitting. See Seem, v. i.] Suited to the
object, occasion, purpose, or character; suitable; fit; becoming;
comely; decorous.
He had a seemly nose. Chaucer.
I am a woman, lacking wit To make a seemly answer to such persons.
Shak.
Suspense of judgment and exercise of charity were safer and
seemlier for Christian men than the hot pursuit of these
controversies. Hooker.
Syn. -- Becoming; fit; suitable; proper; appropriate; congruous; meet;
decent; decorous.
Seemly
Seem"ly (?), adv. [Compar. Seemlier; superl. Seemliest.] In a decent
or suitable manner; becomingly.
Suddenly a men before him stood, Not rustic as before, but seemlier
clad, As one in city or court or place bred. Milton.
Seemlyhed
Seem"ly*hed (?), n. [See -hood.] Comely or decent appearance. [Obs.]
Rom. of R. Spenser.
Seen
Seen (?), p. p. of See.
Seen
Seen, a. Versed; skilled; accomplished. [Obs.]
Well seen in every science that mote be. Spenser.
Noble Boyle, not less in nature seen, Than his great brother read
in states and men. Dryden.
Seep, OR Sipe
Seep (?), OR Sipe (?), v. i. [AS. s\'c6pan to distill.] To run or soak
through fine pores and interstices; to ooze. [Scot. & U. S.]
Water seeps up through the sidewalks. G. W. Cable.
Seepage, OR Sipage
Seep"age (?), OR Sip"age, n. Water that seeped or oozed through a
porous soil. [Scot. & U. S.]
Seepy, OR Sipy
Seep"y (?), OR Sip"y, a. Oozy; -- applied to land under cultivation
that is not well drained.
Seer
Seer (?), a. Sore; painful. [Prov. Eng.] Ray.
Seer
Se"er (?), n. One who sees. Addison.
Seer
Seer (?), n. [From See.] A person who foresees events; a prophet.
Milton.
Seeress
Seer"ess, n. A female seer; a prophetess.
Seerfish
Seer"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A scombroid food fish of Maderia (Cybium
Commersonii).
Seerhand
Seer"hand (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A kind of muslin of a texture
between nainsook and mull.
Seership
Seer"ship, n. The office or quality of a seer.
Seersucker
Seer"suck`er (?), n. A light fabric, originally made in the East
Indies, of silk and linen, usually having alternating stripes, and a
slightly craped or puckered surface; also, a cotton fabric of similar
appearance.
Seerwood
Seer"wood` (?), n. [See Sear.] Dry wood. [Written also searwood.]
[Obs.] Dryden.
Seesaw
See"saw` (?), n. [Probably a reduplication of saw, to express the
alternate motion to and fro, as in the act of sawing.]
1. A play among children in which they are seated upon the opposite
ends of a plank which is balanced in the middle, and move alternately
up and down.
2. A plank or board adjusted for this play.
3. A vibratory or reciprocating motion.
He has been arguing in a circle; there is thus a seesaw between the
hypothesis and fact. Sir W. Hamilton.
4. (Whist.) Same as Crossruff.
Seesaw
See"saw`, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Seesawad (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Seesawing.] To move with a reciprocating motion; to move backward and
forward, or upward and downward.
Seesaw
See"saw`, v. t. To cause to move backward and forward in seesaw
fashion.
He seesaws himself to and fro. Ld. Lytton.
Seesaw
See"saw`, a. Moving up and down, or to and fro; having a reciprocating
motion.
Seet
Seet (?), obs. imp. of Sit. Sate; sat. Chaucer.
Seeth
Seeth (?), obs. imp. of Seethe. Chaucer.
Seethe
Seethe (?), v. t. [imp. Seethed (?) (Sod (, obs.); p. p. Seethed,
Sodden (; p. pr. & vb. n. Seething.] [OE. sethen, AS. se\'a2; akin to
D. sieden, OHG. siodan, G. sieden, Icel. sj, Sw. sjuda, Dan. syde,
Goth. saubs a burnt offering. Cf. Sod, n., Sodden, Suds.] To decoct or
prepare for food in hot liquid; to boil; as, to seethe flesh. [Written
also seeth.]
Set on the great pot, and seethe pottage for the sons of the
prophets. 2 Kings iv. 38.
Seethe
Seethe, v. i. To be a state of ebullition or violent commotion; to be
hot; to boil. 1 Sam. ii. 13.
A long Pointe, round which the Mississippi used to whirl, and
seethe, and foam. G. W. Cable.
Seether
Seeth"er (?), n. A pot for boiling things; a boiler.
Like burnished gold the little seether shone. Dryden.
Seg
Seg (?), n. [See Sedge.] (Bot.)
1. Sedge. [Obs.]
2. The gladen, and other species of Iris. Prior.
Seg
Seg, n. [Probably from the root of L. secare to cut.] A castrated
bull. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.
Segar
Se*gar" (?), n. See Cigar.
Seggar
Seg"gar (?), n. [Prov. E. saggard a seggar, seggard a sort of riding
surtout, contr. fr. safeguard.] A case or holder made of fire clay, in
which fine pottery is inclosed while baking in the kin. [Written also
saggar, sagger, and segger.] Ure.
Segge
Segge (?), n. (Zo\'94l.The hedge sparrow. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Segment
Seg"ment (?), n. [L. segmentum, fr. secare to cut, cut off: cf. F.
segment. See Saw a cutting instrument.]
1. One of the parts into which any body naturally separates or is
divided; a part divided or cut off; a section; a portion; as, a
segment of an orange; a segment of a compound or divided leaf.
2. (Geom.) A part cut off from a figure by a line or plane;
especially, that part of a circle contained between a chord and an arc
of that circle, or so much of the circle as is cut off by the chord;
as, the segment acb in the Illustration.
3. (Mach.) (a) A piece in the form of the sector of a circle, or part
of a ring; as, the segment of a sectional fly wheel or flywheel rim.
(b) A segment gear.
4. (Biol.) (a) One of the cells or division formed by segmentation, as
in egg cleavage or in fissiparous cell formation. (b) One of the
divisions, rings, or joints into which many animal bodies are divided;
a somite; a metamere; a somatome.
Segment gear, a piece for receiving or communicating reciprocating
motion from or to a cogwheel, consisting of a sector of a circular
gear, or ring, having cogs on the periphery, or face. -- Segment of a
line, the part of a line contained between two points on it. --
Segment of a sphere, the part of a sphere cut off by a plane, or
included between two parallel planes. -- Ventral segment. (Acoustics)
See Loor, n., 5.
Segment
Seg"ment (?), v. i. (Biol.) To divide or separate into parts in
growth; to undergo segmentation, or cleavage, as in the segmentation
of the ovum.
Segmental
Seg*men"tal (?), a.
1. Relating to, or being, a segment.
2. (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) (a) Of or pertaining to the segments of animals;
as, a segmental duct; segmental papill\'91. (b) Of or pertaining to
the segmental organs.
Segmental duct (Anat.), the primitive duct of the embryonic excretory
organs which gives rise to the Wolffian duct and ureter; the
pronephric duct. -- Segmental organs. (a) (Anat.) The embryonic
excretory organs of vertebrates, consisting primarily of the segmental
tubes and segmental ducts. (b) (Zo\'94l.) The tubular excretory
organs, a pair of which often occur in each of several segments in
annelids. They serve as renal organs, and often, also, as oviducts and
sperm ducts. See Illust. under Sipunculacea. -- Segmental tubes
(Anat.), the tubes which primarily open into the segmental duct, some
of which become the urinary tubules of the adult.
Segmentation
Seg`men*ta"tion (?), n. The act or process of dividing into segments;
specifically (Biol.), a self-division into segments as a result of
growth; cell cleavage; cell multiplication; endogenous cell formation.
Segmentation cavity (Biol.), the cavity formed by the arrangement of
the cells in segmentation or cleavage of the ovum; the cavity of the
blastosphere. In the gastrula stage, the segmentation cavity in which
the mesoblast is formed lies between the entoblast and ectoblast. See
Illust. of Invagination. -- Segmentation nucleus (Biol.), the body
formed by fusion of the male and female pronucleus in an impregnated
ovum. See the Note under Pronucleus. -- Segmentation of the ovum, OR
Egg cleavage (Biol.), the process by which the embryos of all the
higher plants and animals are derived from the germ cell. In the
simplest case, that of small ova destitute of food yolk, the ovum or
egg divides into two similar halves or segments (blastomeres), each of
these again divides into two, and so on, thus giving rise to a mass of
cells (mulberry mass, or morula), all equal and similar, from the
growth and development of which the future animal is to be formed.
This constitutes regular segmentation. Quite frequently, however, the
equality and regularity of cleavage is interfered with by the presence
of food yolk, from which results unequal segmentation. See
Holoblastic, Meroblastic, Alecithal, Centrolecithal, Ectolecithal, and
Ovum. -- Segmentation sphere (Biol.), the blastosphere, or morula. See
Morula.
Segmented
Seg"ment*ed (?), a. Divided into segments or joints; articulated.
Segnitude, Segnity
Seg"ni*tude (?), Seg"ni*ty (?), n. [L. segnitas, fr. segnis slow,
sluggish.] Sluggishness; dullness; inactivity. [Obs.]
Segno
Se"gno (?), n. [It. See Sign.] (Mus.) A sign. See Al segno, and Dal
segno.
Sego
Se"go (?), n. (Bot.) A liliaceous plant (Calochortus Nuttallii) of
Western North America, and its edible bulb; -- so called by the Ute
Indians and the Mormons.
Segregate
Seg"re*gate (?), a. [L. segregatus, p. p. of segregare to separate;
pref. se- aside + grex, gregis, a flock or herd. See Gregarious.]
1. Separate; select.
2. (Bot.) Separated from others of the same kind.
Segregate
Seg"re*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Segregated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Segregating.] To separate from others; to set apart.
They are still segregated, Christians from Christians, under odious
designations. I. Taylor.
Segregate
Seg"re*gate, v. i. (Geol.) To separate from a mass, and collect
together about centers or along lines of fracture, as in the process
of crystallization or solidification.
Segregation
Seg`re*ga"tion (?), n. [L. segregatio: cf. F. s\'82gr\'82gation.]
1. The act of segregating, or the state of being segregated;
separation from others; a parting.
2. (Geol.) Separation from a mass, and gathering about centers or into
cavities at hand through cohesive attraction or the crystallizing
process.
Seiches
Seiches (?), n. pl. [F.] (Geol.) Local oscillations in level observed
in the case of some lakes, as Lake Geneva.
Seid
Seid (?), n. [Ar seyid prince.] A descendant of Mohammed through his
daughter Fatima and nephew Ali.
Seidlitz
Seid"litz (?), a. Of or pertaining to Seidlitz, a village in Bohemia.
[Written also Sedlitz.] Seidlitz powders, effervescing salts,
consisting of two separate powders, one of which contains forty grains
of sodium bicarbonate mixed with two drachms of RochellRochelle
powders. -- Seidlitz water, a natural water from Seidlitz, containing
magnesium, sodium, calcium, and potassium sulphates, with calcium
carbonate and a little magnesium chloride. It is used as an aperient.
Seigh
Seigh (?), obs. imp. sing. of See. Saw. Chaucer.
Seigneurial
Seign*eu"ri*al (?), a. [F., fr. seigneur. See Seignior.]
1. Of or pertaining to the lord of a manor; manorial. Sir W. Temple.
2. Vested with large powers; independent.
Seignior
Seign"ior (?), n. [OF. seignor, F. seigneur, cf. It. signore, Sp.
se\'a4or from an objective case of L. senier elder. See Senior.]
1. A lord; the lord of a manor.
2. A title of honor or of address in the South of Europe,
corresponding to Sir or Mr. in English.
Grand Seignior, the sultan of Turkey.
Seigniorage
Seign"ior*age (?), n. [F. seigneuriage, OF. seignorage.]
1. Something claimed or taken by virtue of sovereign prerogative;
specifically, a charge or toll deducted from bullion brought to a mint
to be coined; the difference between the cost of a mass of bullion and
the value as money of the pieces coined from it.
If government, however, throws the expense of coinage, as is
reasonable, upon the holders, by making a charge to cover the
expense (which is done by giving back rather less in coin than has
been received in bullion, and is called "levying a seigniorage"),
the coin will rise to the extent of the seigniorage above the value
of the bullion. J. S. Mill.
2. A share of the receipts of a business taken in payment for the use
of a right, as a copyright or a patent.
Seignioral
Seign"ior*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a seignior; seigneurial.
"Kingly or seignioral patronage." Burke.
Seignioralty
Seign"ior*al*ty (?), n. The territory or authority of a seignior, or
lord. Milman.
Seigniorial
Seign*io"ri*al (?), a. Same as Seigneurial.
Seigniorize
Seign"ior*ize (?), v. t. To lord it over. [Obs.]
As proud as he that seigniorizeth hell. Fairfax.
Seigniory
Seign"ior*y (?), n.; pl. -ies (#). [OE. seignorie, OF. seigneurie, F.
seigneurie; cf. It. signoria.]
1. The power or authority of a lord; dominion.
O'Neal never had any seigniory over that country but what by
encroachment he got upon the English. Spenser.
2. The territory over which a lord holds jurisdiction; a manor.
[Written also seigneury, and seignory.]
Seine
Seine (?), n. [F. seine, or AS. segene, bsagena, Gr. (Fishing.) A
large net, one edge of which is provided with sinkers, and the other
with floats. It hangs vertically in the water, and when its ends are
brought together or drawn ashore incloses the fish. Seine boat, a boat
specially constructed to carry and pay out a seine.
Seiner
Sein"er (?), n. One who fishes with a seine.
Seining
Sein"ing, n. Fishing with a seine.
Seint
Seint (?), n. [See Cincture.] A girdle. [Obs.] "Girt with a seint of
silk." Chaucer.
Seint
Seint, n. A saint. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Seintuary
Sein"tu*a*ry (?), n. Sanctuary. [Obs.]
Seirfish
Seir"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Seerfish.
Seirospore
Sei"ro*spore (?), n. [Gr. spore.] (Bot.) One of several spores
arranged in a chain as in certain alg\'91 of the genus Callithamnion.
Seise
Seise (?), v. t. See Seize. Spenser.
NOTE: &hand; Th is is th e common spelling in the law phrase to be
seised of (an estate).
Seisin
Sei"sin (?), n. See Seizin. Spenser.
Seismic, Seismal
Seis"mic (?), Seis"mal (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to an earthquake;
caused by an earthquake. Seismic vertical, the point upon the earth's
surface vertically over the center of effort or focal point whence the
earthquake's impulse proceeds, or the vertical line connecting these
two points.
Seismograph
Seis"mo*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] (Physics) An apparatus for
registering the shocks and undulatory motions of earthquakes.
Seismographic
Seis`mo*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a seismograph; indicated
by a seismograph.
Seismography
Seis*mog"ra*phy (?), n.
1. A writing about, or a description of, earthquakes.
2. The art of registering the shocks and undulatory movements of
earthquakes.
Seismological
Seis`mo*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to seismology. --
Seis`mo*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Seismology
Seis*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science of earthquakes.
Seismometer
Seis*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for
measuring the direction, duration, and force of earthquakes and like
concussions.
Seismometric
Seis`mo*met"ric (?), a. Of or pertaining to seismometry, or
seismometer; as, seismometric instruments; seismometric measurements.
Seismometry
Seis*mom"e*try (?), n. The mensuration of such phenomena of
earthquakes as can be expressed in numbers, or by their relation to
the co\'94rdinates of space.
Seismoscope
Seis"mo*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Physics) A seismometer.
Seity
Se"i*ty (?), n. [L. se one's self.] Something peculiar to one's self.
[R.] Tatler.
Seizable
Seiz"a*ble (?), a. That may be seized.
Seize
Seize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Seizing.]
[OE. seisen, saisen, OF. seisir, saisir, F. saisir, of Teutonic
origin, and akin to E. set. The meaning is properly, to set, put,
place, hence, to put in possession of. See Set, v. t.]
1. To fall or rush upon suddenly and lay hold of; to gripe or grasp
suddenly; to reach and grasp.
For by no means the high bank he could seize. Spenser.
Seek you to seize and gripe into your hands The royalties and
rights of banished Hereford? Shak.
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2. To take possession of by force.
At last they seize The scepter, and regard not David's sons.
Milton.
3. To invade suddenly; to take sudden hold of; to come upon suddenly;
as, a fever seizes a patient.
Hope and deubt alternate seize her seul. Pope.
4. (law) To take possession of by virtue of a warrant or other legal
authority; as, the sheriff seized the debtor's goods.
5. To fasten; to fix. [Obs.]
As when a bear hath seized her cruel claws Upon the carcass of some
beast too weak. Spenser.
6. To grap with the mind; to comprehend fully and distinctly; as, to
seize an idea.
7. (Naut.) To bind or fasten together with a lashing of small stuff,
as yarn or marline; as, to seize ropes.
NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd, by wr iters on law, is commonly written
seise, in the phrase to be seised of (an estate), as also, in
composition, disseise, disseisin.
To be seized of, to have possession, or right of possession; as, A B
was seized and possessed of the manor of Dale. "Whom age might see
seized of what youth made prize." Chapman. -- To seize on OR upon, to
fall on and grasp; to take hold on; to take possession of suddenly and
forcibly. Syn. -- To catch; grasp; clutch; snatch; apprehend; arrest;
take; capture.
Seizer
Seiz"er (?), n. One who, or that which, seizes.
Seizin
Sei"zin (?), n. [F. saisine. See Seize.]
1. (Law) Possession; possession of an estate of froehold. It may be
either in deed or in law; the former when there is actual possession,
the latter when there is a right to such possession by construction of
law. In some of the United States seizin means merely ownership.
Burrill.
2. The act of taking possession. [Obs.]
3. The thing possessed; property. Sir M. Halle.
NOTE: &hand; Commonly spelt by writers on law seisin.
Livery of seizin. (Eng. Law) See Note under Livery, 1.
Seizing
Seiz"ing (?), n.
1. The act of taking or grasping suddenly.
2. (Naut.) (a) The operation of fastening together or lashing. (b) The
cord or lashing used for such fastening.
Seizor
Sei"zor (?), n. (Law) One who seizes, or takes possession.
Seizure
Sei"zure (?), n.
1. The act of seizing, or the state of being seized; sudden and
violent grasp or gripe; a taking into possession; as, the seizure of a
thief, a property, a throne, etc.
2. Retention within one's grasp or power; hold; possession; ownership.
Make o'er thy honor by a deed of trust, And give me seizure of the
mighty wealth. Dryden.
3. That which is seized, or taken possession of; a thing laid hold of,
or possessed.
Sejant, Sejeant
Se"jant, Se"jeant (?), a. [F. s\'82ant, p. pr. of seoir to sit, L.
sedere.] (Her.) Sitting, as a lion or other beast. Sejant rampant,
sitting with the forefeet lifted up. Wright.
Sejein
Se*jein" (?), v. t. [L. sejungere; pref. se- aside + jungere to join.
See Join.] To separate. [Obs.]
Sejunction
Se*junc"tion (?), n. [L. sejunctio. See Sejoin.] The act of
disjoining, or the state of being disjoined. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
Sejungible
Se*jun"gi*ble (?), a. [See Sejoin.] Capable of being disjoined. [Obs.]
Bp. Pearson.
Seke
Seke (?), a. Sick. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Seke
Seke (?), v. t. & i. To seek. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sekes
Se"kes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Arch.) A place in a pagan temple in
which the images of the deities were inclosed.
Selachian
Se*la"chi*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Selachii. See Illustration
in Appendix.
Selachii
Se*la"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
elasmobranchs including the sharks and rays; the Plagiostomi. Called
also Selacha, Selache, and Selachoidei.
Selachoidei
Sel`a*choi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Selachii, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Selachii.
Selachostomi
Sel`a*chos"to*mi (?), n. pl. [NL. See Selachii, and Stoma.] (Zo\'94l.)
A division of ganoid fishes which includes the paddlefish, in which
the mouth is armed with small teeth.
Selaginella
Sel`a*gi*nel"la (?), n. [NL., fr. L. selago, -inis, a kind of plant.]
(Bot.) A genus of cryptogamous plants resembling Lycopodia, but
producing two kinds of spores; also, any plant of this genus. Many
species are cultivated in conservatories.
Selah
Se"lah (?), n. [Heb. sel\'beh.] (Script.) A word of doubtful meaning,
occuring frequently in the Psalms; by some, supposed to signify
silence or a pause in the musical performance of the song.
Beyond the fact that Selach is a musical term, we know absolutely
nothing about it. Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.)
Selcouth
Sel"couth (?), n. [AS. selc, seldc; seld rare + c known. See Uncouth.]
Rarely known; unusual; strange. [Obs.]
[She] wondered much at his so selcouth case. Spenser.
Seld
Seld (?), a. [See Seldom.] Rare; uncommon; unusual. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Spenser.
Seld
Seld, adv. Rarely; seldom. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Selden
Sel"den (?), adv. Seldom. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Seldem
Sel"dem (?), adv. [Usually, compar. More seldom (; superl. Most seldom
(; but sometimes also, Seldomer (, Seldomest.] [AS. seldan, seldon,
seldum, fr. seld rare; akin to OFries. sielden, D. zelden, G. selten,
OHG. seltan, Icel. sjaldan, Dan. sielden, Sw. s\'84llan, Goth.
sildaleiks marvelous.] Rarely; not often; not frequently.
Wisdom and youth are seldom joined in one. Hooker.
Seldom
Sel"dom (?), a. Rare; infrequent. [Archaic.] "A suppressed and seldom
anger." Jer. Taylor.
Seldomness
Sel"dom*ness, n. Rareness. Hooker.
Seldseen
Seld"seen` (?), a. [AS. seldsiene.] Seldom seen. [Obs.] Drayton.
Seldshewn
Seld"shewn` (?), a. [Seld + shown.] Rarely shown or exhibited. [Obs.]
Shak.
Select
Se*lect" (?), a. [L. selectus, p. p. of seligere to select; pref. se-
aside + levere to gather. See Legend.] Taken from a number by
preferance; picked out as more valuable or exellent than others; of
special value or exellence; nicely chosen; selected; choice.
A few select spirits had separated from the crowd, and formed a fit
audience round a far greater teacher. Macaulay.
Select
Se*lect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Selected; p. pr. & vb. n. Selecting.] To
choose and take from a number; to take by preference from among
others; to pick out; to cull; as, to select the best authors for
perusal. "One peculiar nation to select." Milton.
The pious chief . . . A hundred youths from all his train selects.
Dryden.
Selectedly
Se*lect"ed*ly, adv. With care and selection. [R.]
Selection
Se*lec"tion (?), n. [L. selectio: cf. F. s\'82lection.] . The act of
selecting, or the state of being selected; choice, by preference.
2. That which is selected; a collection of things chosen; as, a choice
selection of books.
Natural selection. (Biol.) See under Natural.
Selective
Se*lect"ive (?), a. Selecting; tending to select.
This selective providence of the Almighty. Bp. Hall.
Selectman
Se*lect"man (?), n.; pl. Selectmen (. One of a board of town officers
chosen annually in the New England States to transact the general
public business of the town, and have a kind of executive authority.
The number is usually from three to seven in each town.
The system of delegated town action was then, perhaps, the same
which was defined in an "order made in 1635 by the inhabitants of
Charlestown at a full meeting for the government of the town, by
selectmen;" the name presently extended throughout New England to
municipal governors. Palfrey.
Selectness
Se*lect"ness, n. The quality or state of being select.
Selector
Se*lect"or (?), n. [L.] One who selects.
Selenate
Sel"e*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of selenic acid; -- formerly called
also seleniate.
Selenhydric
Sel`en*hy"dric (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
hydrogen selenide, H2Se, regarded as an acid analogous to sulphydric
acid.
Selenic
Se*len"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82l\'82nique.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining
to selenium; derived from, or containing, selenium; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence
as contrasted with selenious compounds.
Selenide
Sel"e*nide (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of selenium, or a
compound regarded as binary; as, ethyl selenide.
Seleniferous
Sel`e*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Selenium + -ferous. ] Containing, or
impregnated with, selenium; as, seleniferous pyrites.
Selenio-
Se*le"ni*o- (. (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively)
denoting the presence of selenium or its compounds; as,
selenio-phosphate, a phosphate having selenium in place of all, or a
part, of the oxygen.
Selenious
Se*le"ni*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82l\'82nieux.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining
to, or containing, selenium; specifically, designating those compounds
in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with selenic
compounds.
Selenite
Sel"e*nite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of selenious acid.
Selenite
Sel"e*nite, n. [L. selenites, Gr. (Min.) A variety of gypsum, occuring
in transparent crystals or crystalline masses.
Selenitic, Selenitical
Sel`e*nit"ic (?), Sel`e*nit"ic*al (?), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to
selenite; resembling or containing selenite.
Selenium
Se*le"ni*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. tellurium (from L. tellus the
earth), being, as it were, a companion to it.] (Chem.) A nonmetallic
element of the sulphur group, and analogous to sulphur in its
compounds. It is found in small quantities with sulphur and some
sulphur ores, and obtained in the free state as a dark reddish powder
or crystalline mass, or as a dark metallic-looking substance. It
exhibits under the action of light a remarkable variation in electric
conductivity, and is used in certain electric apparatus. Symbol Se.
Atomic weight 78.9.
Seleniuret
Sel`e*ni"u*ret (?), n. (CHem.) A selenide. [Obs.]
Seleniureted
Sel`e*ni"u*ret`ed (?), a. (Chem.) Combined with selenium as in a
selenide; as, seleniureted hydrogen. [Written also seleniuretted.]
[Obsoles.]
Selenecentric
Se*le`ne*cen"tric (?), a. [Gr. centric.] (Astron.) As seen or
estimated from the center of the moon; with the moon central.
Selenograph
Se*le"no*graph (?), n. A picture or delineation of the moon's surface,
or of any part of it.
Selenographer
Sel`e*nog"ra*pher (?), n. One skilled in selenography. Wright.
Selenographic, Selenographical
Sel`e*no*graph"ic (?), Sel`e*no*graph"i*cal (?), a. [Cf. F.
s\'82l\'82nographique.] Of or pertaining to selenography.
Selenographist
Sel`e*nog"ra*phist (?), n. A selenographer.
Selenography
Sel`e*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] The science that treats of the
physical features of the moon; -- corresponding to physical geography
in respect to the earth. "Accurate selenography, or description of the
moon." Sir T. Browne.
Selenonium
Sel`e*no"ni*um (?), n. [Selenium + sulphonium.] (Chem.) A hypothetical
radical of selenium, analogous to sulphonium. [R.]
Selenology
Sel`e*nol"o*gy, n. [Gr.-logy.] That branch of astronomy which treats
of the moon. -- Sel`e*no*log"i*cal (#), a.
Self
Self (?), a. [AS. self, seolf, sylf; akin to OS. self, OFries. self,
D. zelf, G. selb, selber, selbst, Dan. selv. Sw. sjelf, Icel.
sj\'belfr, Goth. silba. Cf. Selavage.] Same; particular; very;
identical. [Obs., except in the compound selfsame.] "On these self
hills." Sir. W. Raleigh.
To shoot another arrow that self way Which you did shoot the first.
Shak.
At that self moment enters Palamon. Dryden.
Self
Self, n.; pl. Selves (.
1. The individual as the object of his own reflective consciousness;
the man viewed by his own cognition as the subject of all his mental
phenomena, the agent in his own activities, the subject of his own
feelings, and the possessor of capacities and character; a person as a
distinct individual; a being regarded as having personality. "Those
who liked their real selves." Addison.
A man's self may be the worst fellow to converse with in the world.
Pope.
The self, the I, is recognized in every act of intelligence as the
subject to which that act belongs. It is I that perceive, I that
imagine, I that remember, I that attend, I that compare, I that
feel, I that will, I that am conscious. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. Hence, personal interest, or love of private interest; selfishness;
as, self is his whole aim.
3. Personification; embodiment. [Poetic.]
She was beauty's self. Thomson.
NOTE: &hand; Se lf is un ited to ce rtain pe rsonal pr onouns and
pronominal adjectives to express emphasis or distinction. Thus, for
emphasis; I myself will write; I will examine for myself; thou
thyself shalt go; thou shalt see for thyself; you yourself shall
write; you shall see for yourself; he himself shall write; he shall
examine for himself; she herself shall write; she shall examine for
herself; the child itself shall be carried; it shall be present
itself. It is also used reflexively; as, I abhor myself; thou
enrichest thyself; he loves himself; she admires herself; it
pleases itself; we walue ourselves; ye hurry yourselves; they see
themselves. Himself, herself, themselves, are used in the
nominative case, as well as in the objective. "Jesus himself
baptized not, but his disciples." John iv. 2.
NOTE: &hand; Se lf is us ed in th e fo rmation of in numerable
compounds, usually of obvious signification, in most of which it
denotes either the agent or the object of the action expressed by
the word with which it is joined, or the person in behalf of whom
it is performed, or the person or thing to, for, or towards whom or
which a quality, attribute, or feeling expressed by the following
word belongs, is directed, or is exerted, or from which it
proceeds; or it denotes the subject of, or object affected by, such
action, quality, attribute, feeling, or the like; as,
self-abandoning, self-abnegation, self-abhorring, self-absorbed,
self-accusing, self-adjusting, self-balanced, self-boasting,
self-canceled, self-combating, self-commendation, self-condemned,
self-conflict, self-conquest, self-constituted, self-consumed,
self-contempt, self-controlled, self-deceiving, self-denying,
self-destroyed, self-disclosure, self-display, self-dominion,
self-doomed, self-elected, self-evolved, self-exalting,
self-excusing, self-exile, self-fed, self-fulfillment,
self-governed, self-harming, self-helpless, self-humiliation,
self-idolized, self-inflicted, self-improvement, self-instruction,
self-invited, self-judging, self-justification, self-loathing,
self-loving, self-maintenance, self-mastered, self-nourishment,
self-perfect, self-perpetuation, self-pleasing, self-praising,
self-preserving, self-questioned, self-relying, self-restraining,
self-revelation, self-ruined, self-satisfaction, self-support,
self-sustained, self-sustaining, self-tormenting, self-troubling,
self-trust, self-tuition, self-upbraiding, self-valuing,
self-worshiping, and many others.
Self-abased
Self`-a*based" (?), a. Humbled by consciousness of inferiority,
unworthiness, guilt, or shame.
Self-abasement
Self`-a*base"ment (?), n.
1. Degradation of one's self by one's own act.
2. Humiliation or abasement proceeding from consciousness of
inferiority, guilt, or shame.
Self-abasing
Self`-a*bas"ing, a. Lowering or humbling one's self.
Self-abhorrence
Self`-ab*hor"rence (?), n. Abhorrence of one's self.
Self-abnegation
Self`-ab`ne*ga"tion (?), n. Self-denial; self-renunciation;
self-sacrifice.
Self-abuse
Self`-abuse" (?), n.
1. The abuse of one's own self, powers, or faculties.
2. Self-deception; delusion. [Obs.] Shak.
3. Masturbation; onanism; self-pollution.
Self-accused
Self"-ac*cused" (?), a. Accused by one's self or by one's conscience.
"Die self-accused." Cowper.
Self-acting
Self`-act"ing (?), a. Acting of or by one's self or by itself; -- said
especially of a machine or mechanism which is made to perform of or
for itself what is usually done by human agency; automatic; as, a
self-acting feed apparatus; a self-acting mule; a self-acting press.
Self-action
Self`-ac"tion (?), n. Action by, or originating in, one's self or
itself.
Self-active
Self`-ac"tive (?), a. Acting of one's self or of itself; acting
without depending on other agents.
Self-activity
Self`-ac*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being self-active;
self-action.
Self-adjusting
Self`-ad*just"ing (?), a. (Mach.) Capable of assuming a desired
position or condition with relation to other parts, under varying
circumstances, without requiring to be adjusted by hand; -- said of a
piece in machinery. Self-adjusting bearing (Shafting), a bearing which
is supported in such a manner that it may tip to accomodate flexure or
displacement of the shaft.
Self-admiration
Self`-ad`mi*ra"tion (?), n. Admiration of one's self.
Self-affairs
Self`-af*fairs" (?), n. pl. One's own affairs; one's private business.
[Obs.] Shak.
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Page 1306
Self-affrighted
Self`-af*fright"ed (?), a. Frightened at or by one's self. Shak.
Self-aggrandizement
Self`-ag*gran"dize*ment (?), n. The aggrandizement of one's self.
Self-annihilated
Self`-an*ni"hi*la`ted (?), a. Annihilated by one's self.
Self-annihilation
Self`-an*ni`hi*la"tion (?), n. Annihilation by one's own acts;
annihilation of one's desires. Addison.
Self-applause
Self`-ap*plause" (?), n. Applause of one's self.
Self-applying
Self`-ap*ply"ing (?), a. Applying to or by one's self.
Self-approving
Self`-ap*prov"ing (?), a. Approving one's own action or character by
one's own judgment.
One self-approving hour whole years outweighs Of stupid starers and
of loud huzzas. Pope.
Self-asserting
Self`-as*sert"ing (?), a. asserting one's self, or one's own rights or
claims; hence, putting one's self forward in a confident or assuming
manner.
Self-assertion
Self`-as*ser"tion (?), n. The act of asserting one's self, or one's
own rights or claims; the quality of being self-asserting.
Self-assertive
Self`-as*sert"ive (?), a. Disposed to self-assertion; self-asserting.
Self-assumed
Self`-as*sumed` (?), a. Assumed by one's own act, or without
authority.
Self-assured
Self`-as*sured` (?), a. Assured by or of one's self; self-reliant;
complacent.
Self-banished
Self`-ban"ished (?), a. Exiled voluntarily.
Self-begetten
Self"-be*get"ten (?), a. Begotten by one's self, or one's own powers.
Self-bern
Self"-bern` (?), a. Born or produced by one's self.
Self-centered, Self-centred
Self`-cen"tered, Self`-cen"tred (?), a. Centered in itself, or in
one's self.\'3c-- of people? --\'3e
There hangs the ball of earth and water mixt, Self-centered and
unmoved. Dryden.
Self-centering, Self-centring
Self`-cen"ter*ing (?), Self`-cen"tring (?) a. Centering in one's self.
Self-centration
Self`-cen*tra"tion (?), n. The quality or state of being
self-centered.
Self-charity
Self`-char"i*ty (?), n. Self-love. [Obs.] Shak.
Self-color
Self"-col`or (?), n. A color not mixed or variegated.
Self-celored
Self`-cel"ored (?), a. Being of a single color; -- applied to flowers,
animals, and textile fabrics.
Self-command
Self`-com*mand" (?), n. Control over one's own feelings, temper, etc.;
self-control.
Self-commune
Self`-com*mune" (?), n. Self-communion. [R.]
Self-communicative
Self`-com*mu"ni*ca*tive (?), a. Imparting or communicating by its own
powers.
Self-communion
Self`-com*mun"ion (?), n. Communion with one's self; thoughts about
one's self.
Self-complacency
Self`-com*pla"cen*cy (?), n. The quality of being self-complacent. J.
Foster.
Self0complacent
Self`0com*pla"cent (?), a. Satisfied with one's own character,
capacity, and doings; self-satisfied.
Self-conceit
Self`-con*ceit" (?), n. Conceit of one's self; an overweening opinion
of one's powers or endowments. Syn. -- See Egotism.
Self-conceited
Self`-con*ceit"ed, a. Having an overweening opinion of one's own
powers, attainments; vain; conceited. -- Self`-con*ceit"ed*ness, n.
Self-concern
Self`-con*cern" (?), n. Concern for one's self.
Self-condemnation
Self`-con`dem*na"tion (?), n. Condemnation of one's self by one's own
judgment.
Self-confidence
Self`-con"fi*dence (?), n. The quality or state of being
self-confident; self-reliance.
A feeling of self-confidence which supported and sustained him.
Beaconsfield.
Self-confident
Self`-con"fi*dent (?), a. Confident of one's own strength or powers;
relying on one's judgment or ability; self-reliant. --
Self`-con"fi*dent*ly, adv.
Self-conjugate
Self`-con"ju*gate (?), a. (Geom.) Having the two things that are
conjugate parts of the same figure; as, self-conjugate triangles.
Self-conscious
Self`-con"scious (?), a.
1. Conscious of one's acts or state as belonging to, or originating
in, one's self. "My self-conscious worth." Dryden.
2. Conscious of one's self as an object of the observation of others;
as, the speaker was too self-conscious.
Self-consciousness
Self`-con"scious*ness, n. The quality or state of being
self-conscious.
Self-considering
Self`-con*sid"er*ing (?), a. Considering in one's own mind;
deliberating. Pope.
Self-consistency
Self`-con*sist"en*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being
self-consistent.
Self-cconsistent
Self`-ccon*sist"ent (?), a. Consistent with one's self or with itself;
not deviation from the ordinary standard by which the conduct is
guided; logically consistent throughout; having each part consistent
with the rest.
Self-consuming
Self`-con*sum"ing (?), a. Consuming one's self or itself.
Self-contained
Self`-con*tained" (?), a.
1. Having self-control; reserved; uncommunicative; wholly engrossed in
one's self.
2. (Mach.) Having all the essential working parts connected by a
bedplate or framework, or contained in a case, etc., so that mutual
relations of the parts do not depend upon fastening outside of the
machine itself.
Self-contained steam engine. (a) A steam engine having both bearings
for the crank shaft attached to the frame of the engine. (b) A steam
engine and boiler combined and fastened together; a portable steam
engine.
Self-contradiction
Self`-con`tra*dic"tion (?), n. The act of contradicting one's self or
itself; repugnancy in conceptions or in terms; a proposition
consisting of two members, one of which contradicts the other; as, to
be and not to be at the same time is a self-contradiction.
Self-contradictory
Self`-con`tra*dict"o*ry (?), a. Contradicting one's self or itself.
Self-control
Self`-con*trol" (?), n. Control of one's self; restraint exercised
over one's self; self-command.
Self-convicted
Self`-con*vict"ed (?), a. Convicted by one's own consciousness,
knowledge, avowal, or acts.
Self-conviction
Self`-con*vic"tion (?), n. The act of convicting one's self, or the
state of being self-convicted.
Self-created
Self`-cre*at"ed (?), a. Created by one's self; not formed or
constituted by another.
Self-culture
Self`-cul"ture (?), n. Culture, training, or education of one's self
by one's own efforts.
Self-deceit
Self`-de*ceit" (?), n. The act of deceiving one's self, or the state
of being self-deceived; self-deception.
Self-deceived
Self`-de*ceived" (?), a. Deceived or misled respecting one's self by
one's own mistake or error.
Self-deception
Self`-de*cep"tion (?), n. Self-deceit.
Self-defence
Self`-de*fence" (?), n. See Self-defense.
Self-defense
Self`-de*fense" (?), n. The act of defending one's own person,
property, or reputation. In self-defense (Law), in protection of self,
-- it being permitted in law to a party on whom a grave wrong is
attempted to resist the wrong, even at the peril of the life of the
assailiant. Wharton.
Self-defensive
Self`-de*fen"sive (?), a. Defending, or tending to defend, one's own
person, property, or reputation.
Self-degradation
Self`-deg`ra*da"tion (?), n. The act of degrading one's self, or the
state of being so degraded.
Self-delation
Self`-de*la"tion (?), n. Accusation of one's self. [R.] Milman.
Self-delusion
Self`-de*lu"sion (?), n. The act of deluding one's self, or the state
of being thus deluded.
Self-denial
Self`-de*ni"al (?), n. The denial of one's self; forbearing to gratify
one's own desires; self-sacrifice.
Self-denying
Self`-de*ny"ing (?), a. Refusing to gratify one's self;
self-sacrificing. -- Self`-de*ny"ing*ly, adv.
Self-dependent
Self`-de*pend"ent (?), a. Dependent on one's self; self-depending;
self-reliant.
Self-depending
Self`-de*pend"ing, a. Depending on one's self.
Self-depraved
Self`-de*praved" (?), a. Corrupted or depraved by one's self. Milton.
Self-destroyer
Self`-de*stroy"er (?), n. One who destroys himself; a suicide.
Self-destruction
Self`-de*struc"tion (?), n. The destruction of one's self;
self-murder; suicide. Milton.
Self-destructive
Self`-de*struc"tive (?), a. Destroying, or tending to destroy, one's
self or itself; rucidal.
Self-determination
Self`-de*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. Determination by one's self; or,
determination of one's acts or states without the necessitating force
of motives; -- applied to the voluntary or activity.
Self-determining
Self`-de*ter"min*ing (?), a. Capable of self-determination; as, the
self-determining power of will.
Self-devised
Self`-de*vised" (?), a. Devised by one's self.
Self-devoted
Self`-de*vot"ed (?), a. Devoted in person, or by one's own will.
Hawthorne.
Self-devotement
Self`-de*vote"ment (?), n. Self-devotion. [R.]
Self-devotion
Self`-de*vo"tion (?), n. The act of devoting one's self, or the state
of being self-devoted; willingness to sacrifice one's own advantage or
happiness for the sake of others; self-sacrifice.
Self-devouring
Self`-de*vour"ing (?), a. Devouring one's self or itself. Danham.
Self-diffusive
Self`-dif*fu"sive (?), a. Having power to diffuse itself; diffusing
itself. Norris.
Self-discipline
Self`-dis"ci*pline (?), n. Correction or government of one's self for
the sake of improvement.
Self-distrust
Self`-dis*trust" (?), n. Want of confidence in one' self; diffidence.
Self-educated
Self`-ed"u*ca`ted (?), a. Educated by one's own efforts, without
instruction, or without pecuniary assistance from others.
Self-elective
Self`-e*lect"ive (?), a. Having the right of electing one's self, or,
as a body, of electing its own members.
Self-enjoyment
Self`-en*joy"ment, (?) n. Enjoyment of one's self; self-satisfaction.
Self-esteem
Self`-es*teem" (?), n. The holding a good opinion of one's self;
self-complacency.
Self-estimation
Self`-es`ti*ma"tion (?), n. The act of estimating one's self;
self-esteem.
Self-evidence
Self`-ev"i*dence (?), n. The quality or state of being self-evident.
Locke.
Self-evident
Self`-ev"i*dent (?), a. Evident without proof or reasoning; producing
certainty or conviction upon a bare presentation to the mind; as, a
self-evident proposition or truth. -- Self`-ev"i*dent*ly, adv.
Self-evolution
Self`-ev`o*lu"tion (?), n. Evolution of one's self; development by
inherent quality or power.
Self-exaltation
Self`-ex`al*ta"tion (?), n. The act of exalting one's self, or the
state of being so exalted.
Self-examinant
Self`-ex*am"i*nant (?), n. One who examines himself; one given to
self-examination.
The humiliated self-examinant feels that there is evil in our
nature as well as good. Coleridge.
Self-examination
Self`-ex*am`i*na"tion (?), n. An examination into one's own state,
conduct, and motives, particularly in regard to religious feelings and
duties.
Self-existence
Self`-ex*ist"ence (?), n. Inherent existence; existence possessed by
virtue of a being's own nature, and independent of any other being or
cause; -- an attribute peculiar to God. Blackmore.
Self-existent
Self`-ex*ist"ent (?), a. Existing of or by himself,independent of any
other being or cause; -- as, God is the only self-existent being.
self-explaining
self`-ex*plain"ing (?), a. Explaining itself; capable of being
understood without explanation.
Self-exposure
Self`-ex*po"sure (?), n. The act of exposing one's self; the state of
being so exposed.
Self-fertilization
Self`-fer`ti*li*za"tion (?), n. (Bot.) The fertilization of a flower
by pollen from the same flower and without outer aid; autogamy.
Self-fertilized
Self`-fer"ti*lized (?), a. (Bot.) Fertilized by pollen from the same
flower.
Self-glorious
Self`-glo"ri*ous (?), a. Springing from vainglory or vanity; vain;
boastful. Dryden.
Self-government
Self`-gov"ern*ment (?), n.
1. The act of governing one's self, or the state of being governed by
one's self; self-control; self-command.
2. Hence, government of a community, state, or nation by the joint
action of the mass of people constituting such a civil body; also, the
state of being so governed; democratic government; democracy.
It is to self-government, the great principle of popular
representation and administration, -- the system that lets in all
to participate in the councels that are to assign the good or evil
to all, -- that we may owe what we are and what we hope to be. D.
Webster.
Self-gratulation
Self`-grat`u*la"tion (?), n. Gratulation of one's self.
Self-heal
Self`-heal" (?), n. (Bot.) A blue-flowered labiate plant (Brunella
vulgaris); the healall.
Self-healing
Self`-heal"ing (?), a. Having the power or property of healing itself.
Self-help
Self`-help" (?), n. The act of aiding one's self, without depending on
the aid of others.
Self-homicide
Self`-hom"i*cide (?), n. The act of killing one's self; suicide.
Hakewill.
Selfhood
Self"hood (?), n. Existence as a separate self, or independent person;
conscious personality; individuality. Bib. Sacra.
Self-ignorance
Self`-ig"no*rance (?), n. Ignorance of one's own character, powers,
and limitations.
Self-ignorant
Self`-ig"no*rant (?), a. Ignorant of one's self.
Self-imparting
Self`-im*part"ing (?), a. Imparting by one's own, or by its own,
powers and will. Norris.
Self-importance
Self`-im*por"tance (?), n. An exaggerated estimate of one's own
importance or merit, esp. as manifested by the conduct or manners;
self-conceit.
Self-important
Self`-im*por"tant (?), a. Having or manifesting an exaggerated idea of
one's own importance or merit.
Self-imposed
Self`-im*posed" (?), a. Voluntarily taken on one's self; as,
self-imposed tasks.
Self-imposture
Self`-im*pos"ture (?), n. Imposture practiced on one's self;
self-deceit. South.
Self-indignation
Self`-in`dig*na"tion (?), n. Indignation at one's own character or
actions. Baxter.
Self-indulgence
Self`-in*dul"gence (?), n. Indulgence of one's appetites, desires, or
inclinations; -- the opposite of self-restraint, and self-denial.
Self-indulgent
Self`-in*dul"gent (?), a. Indulging one's appetites, desires, etc.,
freely.
Self-interest
Self`-in"ter*est (?), n. Private interest; the interest or advantage
of one's self.
Self-interested
Self`-in"ter*est*ed, a. Particularly concerned for one's own interest
or happiness.
Self-involution
Self`-in`vo*lu"tion (?), n. Involution in one's self; hence,
abstraction of thought; reverie.
Selfish
Self"ish (?), a.
1. Caring supremely or unduly for one's self; regarding one's own
comfort, advantage, etc., in disregard, or at the expense, of those of
others.
They judge of things according to their own private appetites and
selfish passions. Cudworth.
In that throng of selfish hearts untrue. Keble.
2. (Ethics) Believing or teaching that the chief motives of human
action are derived from love of self.
Hobbes and the selfish school of philosophers. Fleming.
Selfishly
Self"ish*ly, adv. In a selfish manner; with regard to private interest
only or chiefly.
Selfishness
Self"ish*ness, n. The quality or state of being selfish; exclusive
regard to one's own interest or happiness; that supreme self-love or
self-preference which leads a person to direct his purposes to the
advancement of his own interest, power, or happiness, without
regarding those of others.
Selfishness,- a vice utterly at variance with the happiness of him
who harbors it, and, as such, condemned by self-love. Sir J.
Mackintosh.
Syn. -- See Self-love.
Selfism
Self"ism (?), n. Concentration of one's interests on one's self;
self-love; selfishness. Emerson.
Selfist
Self"ist, n. A selfish person. [R.] I. Taylor.
Self-justifier
Self`-jus"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who excuses or justifies himself. J. M.
Mason.
Self-kindled
Self`-kin"dled (?), a. Kindled of itself, or without extraneous aid or
power. Dryden.
Self-knowing
Self`-know"ing (?), a.
1. Knowing one's self, or one's own character, powers, and
limitations.
2. Knowing of itself, without help from another.
Self-knowledge
Self`-knowl"edge (?), n. Knowledge of one's self, or of one's own
character, powers, limitations, etc.
Selfless
Self"less, a. Having no regard to self; unselfish.
Lo now, what hearts have men! they never mount As high as woman in
her selfless mood. Tennyson.
Selflessness
Self"less*ness, n. Quality or state of being selfless.
Self-life
Self"-life` (?), n. Life for one's self; living solely or chiefly for
one's own pleasure or good.
Self-love
Self`-love` (?), n. The love of one's self; desire of personal
happiness; tendency to seek one's own benefit or advantage. Shak.
Self-love, the spring of motion, acts the soul. Pope.
Syn. -- Selfishness. -- Self-love, Selfishness. The term self-love is
used in a twofold sense: 1. It denotes that longing for good or for
well-being which actuates the breasts of all, entering into and
characterizing every special desire. In this sense it has no moral
quality, being, from the nature of the case, neither good nor evil. 2.
It is applied to a voluntary regard for the gratification of special
desires. In this sense it is morally good or bad according as these
desires are conformed to duty or opposed to it. Selfishness is always
voluntary and always wrong, being that regard to our own interests,
gratification, etc., which is sought or indulged at the expense, and
to the injury, of others. "So long as self-love does not degenerate
into selfishness, it is quite compatible with true benevolence."
Fleming. "Not only is the phrase self-love used as synonymous with the
desire of happiness, but it is often confounded with the word
selfishness, which certainly, in strict propriety, denotes a very
different disposition of mind." Slewart.
Self-luminous
Self`-lu"mi*nous (?), a. Possessing in itself the property of emitting
light. Sir D. Brewster.
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Self-made
Self"-made` (?), a. Made by one's self. Self-made man, a man who has
risen from poverty or obscurity by means of his own talentss or
energies.
Self-mettle
Self"-met`tle (?), n Inborn mettle or courage; one's own temper.
[Obs.] Shak.
Self-motion
Self`-mo"tion (?), n. Motion given by inherent power, without external
impulse; spontaneus or voluntary motion.
Matter is not induced with self-motion. Cheyne.
Self-moved
Self`-moved" (?), a. Moved by inherent power., without the aid of
external impulse.
Self-moving
Self`-mov"ing (?), a. Moving by inherent power, without the aid of
external impulse.
Self-murder
Self`-mur"der (?), a. Suicide.
Self-murderer
Self`-mur"der*er (?), n. A suicide.
Self-neglecting
Self`-neg*lect"ing (?), n. A neglecting of one's self, or of one's own
interests.
Self-love, my liege, is not so vile a sin As self-neglecting. Shak.
Selfness
Self"ness, n. Selfishness. [Obs.] Sir. P. Sidney.
Self-one
Self`-one" (?), a. Secret. [Obs.] Marston.
Self-opinion
Self`-o*pin"ion (?), n. Opinion, especially high opinion, of one's
self; an overweening estimate of one's self or of one's own opinion.
Collier.
Self-opinioned
Self`-o*pin"ioned (?), a. Having a high opinion of one's self;
opinionated; conceited. South.
Self-opininating
Self`-o*pin"i*na`ting (?), a. Beginning wwith, or springing from,
one's self.
Self-partiality
Self`-par`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. That partiality to himself by which a man
overrates his own worth when compared with others. Kames.
Self-perplexed
Self`-per*plexed" (?), a. Perplexed by doubts originating in one's own
mind.
Self-posited
Self`-pos"it*ed (?), a. Disposed or arranged by an action originating
in one's self or in itself.
These molecular blocks of salt are self-posited. Tyndall.
Self-positing
Self`-pos"it*ing, a. The act of disposing or arranging one's self or
itself.
The self-positing of the molecules. R. Watts.
Self-possessed
Self"-pos*sessed" (?), a. Composed or tranquill in mind, manner, etc.;
undisturbed.
Self-possession
Self`-pos*ses"sion (?), n. The possession of one's powers; calmness;
self-command; presence of mind; composure.
Self-praise
Self"-praise` (?), n. Praise of one's self.
Self-preservation
Self`-pres`er*va"tion (?), n. The preservation of one's self from
destruction or injury.
Self-propagating
Self`-prop"a*ga`ting (?), a. Propagating by one's self or by itself.
Self-registering
Self`-reg"is*ter*ing (?), a. Registering itself; -- said of any
instrument so contrived as to record its own indications of phenomena,
whether continuously or at stated times, as at the maxima and minima
of variations; as, a self-registering anemometer or barometer.
Self-regulated
Self`-reg"u*la`ted (?), a. Regulated by one's self or by itself.
Self-regulative
Self`-reg"u*la*tive (?), a. Tending or serving to regulate one's self
or itself. Whewell.
Self-reliance
Self`-re*li"ance (?), n. Reliance on one's own powers or judgment;
self-trust.
Self-reliant
Self`-re*li"ant (?), a. Reliant upon one's self; trusting to one's own
powers or judgment.
Self-renunciation
Self`-re*nun`ci*a"tion (?), n. The act of renouncing, or setting
aside, one's own wishes, claims, etc.; self-sacrifice.
Self-repellency
Self`-re*pel"len*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being
self-repelling.
Self-repelling
Self`-re*pel"ling, ( a. Made up of parts, as molecules or atoms, which
mutually repel each other; as, gases are self-repelling. <-- gases
aren't self-repelling! Like charges are. -->
Self-repetition
Self`-rep`e*ti"tion (?), n. Repetition of one's self or of one's acts;
the saying or doing what one has already said or done.
Self-reproach
Self`-re*proach" (?), n. The act of reproaching one's self; censure by
one's own conscience.
Self-reproached
Self`-re*proached" (?), a. Reproached by one's own conscience or
judgment.
Self-reproaching
Self`-re*proach"ing (?), a. Reproaching one's self. --
Self`-re*proach"ing*ly, adv.
Self-reproof
Self`-re*proof" (?), n. The act of reproving one's self; censure of
one's conduct by one's own judgment.
Self-reproved
Self`-re*proved" (?), a. Reproved by one's own conscience or one's own
sense of guilt.
Self-reproving
Self`-re*prov"ing (?), a. Reproving one's self; reproving by
consciousness of guilt.
Self-reprovingly
Self`-re*prov"ing*ly, adv. In a self-reproving way.
Self-repugnant
Self`-re*pug"nant (?), a. Self-contradictory; inconsistent. Brougham.
Self-repulsive
Self`-re*pul"sive (?), a. Self-repelling.
Self-respect
Self`-re*spect" (?), n. Respect for one's self; regard for one's
character; laudable self-esteem.
Self-restrained
Self`-re*strained" (?), a. Restrained by one's self or itself;
restrained by one's own power or will.
Self-restraint
Self`-re*straint" (?), n. Restraint over one's self; self-control;
self-command.
Self-reverence
Self`-rev"er*ence (?), n. A reverent respect for one's self. Tennyson.
Self-righteous
Self`-right"eous (?), a. Righteous in one's own esteem; pharisaic.
Self-righteousness
Self`-right"eous*ness, n. The quality or state of being
self-righteous; pharisaism.
Self-sacrifice
Self`-sac"ri*fice (?), n. The act of sacrificing one's self, or one's
interest, for others; self-devotion.
Self-sacrificing
Self`-sac"ri*fi`cing (?), a. Yielding up one's own interest,
ffeelings, etc; sacrificing one's self.
Selfsame
Self"same (?), a. [Self, a. + same.] Precisely the same; the very
same; identical.
His servant was healed in the selfsame hour. Matt. viii. 13.
Self-satisfaction
Self`-sat`is*fac"tion (?), n. The quality or state of being
self-satisfied.
Self-satisfied
Self`-sat"is*fied (?), a. Satisfied with one's self or one's actions;
self-complacent.
Self-satisfying
Self`-sat"is*fy`ing (?), a. Giving satisfaction to one's self.
Self-seeker
Self"-seek`er, n. One who seeks only his own interest, advantage, or
pleasure.
Self-seeking
Self"-seek`ing, a. Seeking one's own interest or happiness; selfish.
Arbuthnot.
Self-seeking
Self"-seek`ing, n. The act or habit of seeking one's own interest or
happiness; selfishness.
Self-slaughter
Self`-slaugh"ter (?), n. Suicide. Shak.
Self-sufficiency
Self`-suf*fi"cien*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being
self-sufficient.
Self-sufficient
Self`-suf*fi"cient (?), a.
1. Sufficient for one's self without external aid or co\'94peration.
Neglect of friends can never be proved rational till we prove the
person using it omnipotent and self-sufficient, and such as can
never need any mortal assistance. South.
2. Having an overweening confidence in one's own abilities or worth;
hence, haughty; overbearing. "A rash and self-sufficient manner." I.
Watts.
Self-sufficing
Self`-suf*fi"cing (?), a. Sufficing for one's self or for itself,
without needing external aid; self-sufficient. --
Self`-suf*fi"cing*ness, n. J. C. Shairp.
Self-suspended
Self`-sus*pend"ed (?), a. Suspended by one's self or by itself;
balanced. Southey.
Self-suspicious
Self`-sus*pi"cious (?), a. Suspicious or distrustful of one's self.
Baxter.
Self-taught
Self"-taught` (?), a. Taught by one's own efforts.
Self-tormentor
Self`-tor*ment"or (?), n. One who torments himself.
Self-torture
Self`-tor"ture (?), n. The act of inflicting pain on one's self; pain
inflicted on one's self.
Self-trust
Self"-trust`, n. Faith in one's self; self-reliance.
Self-uned
Self`-uned" (?), a. [E. self + L. unus one.] One with itself; separate
from others. [Obs.] Sylvester.
Self-view
Self"-view` (?), n. A view if one's self; specifically, carefulness or
regard for one's own interests
Self-will
Self`-will" (?), n. [AS. selfwill.] One's own will, esp. when opposed
to that of others; obstinacy.
Self-willed
Self`-willed" (?), a. Governed by one's own will; not yielding to the
wishes of others; obstinate.
Self-willedness
Self`-willed"ness, n. Obstinacy. Sir W. Scott.
Self-worship
Self"-wor`ship (?), n. The idolizing of one's self; immoderate
self-conceit.
Self-wrong
Self"-wrong` (?), n. Wrong done by a person himself. Shak.
Selion
Sel"ion (?), n. [OF. seillon a measure of land, F. sillon a ridge,
furrow, LL. selio a measure of land.] A short piece of land in arable
ridges and furrows, of uncertain quantity; also, a ridge of land lying
between two furrows. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Seljukian
Sel*juk"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Seljuk, a Tartar chief who
embraced Mohammedanism, and began the subjection of Western Asia to
that faith and rule; of or pertaining to the dynasty founded by him,
or the empire maintained by his descendants from the 10th to the 13th
century. J. H. Newman.
Seljuckian
Sel*juck"i*an, n. A member of the family of Seljuk; an adherent of
that family, or subject of its government; (pl.) the dynasty of
Turkish sultans sprung from Seljuk.
Sell
Sell (?), n. Self. [Obs. or Scot.] B. Jonson.
Sell
Sell, n. A sill. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sell
Sell, n. A cell; a house. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sell
Sell, n. [F. selle, L. sella, akin to sedere to sit. See Sit.]
1. A saddle for a horse. [Obs.]
He left his lofty steed with golden self. Spenser.
2. A throne or lofty seat. [Obs.] Fairfax.
Sell
Sell, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sold (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Selling.] [OE.
sellen, sillen, AS. sellan, syllan, to give, to deliver; akin to OS.
sellian, OFries. sella, OHG. sellen, Icel. selja to hand over, to
sell, Sw. s\'84lja to sell, Dan. s, Goth. saljan to offer a sacrifice;
all from a noun akin to E. sale. Cf. Sale.]
1. To transfer to another for an equivalent; to give up for a valuable
consideration; to dispose of in return for something, especially for
money.
If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell that thou hast, and give to
the poor. Matt. xix. 21.
I am changed; I'll go sell all my land. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sell is corellative to buy, as one party buys what the
other sells. It is distinguished usually from exchange or barter,
in which one commodity is given for another; whereas in selling the
consideration is usually money, or its representative in current
notes.
2. To make a matter of bargain and sale of; to accept a price or
reward for, as for a breach of duty, trust, or the like; to betray.
You would have sold your king to slaughter. Shak.
3. To impose upon; to trick; to deceive; to make a fool of; to cheat.
[Slang] Dickens.
To sell one's life dearly, to cause much loss to those who take one's
life, as by killing a number of one's assailants. -- To sell
(anything) out, to dispose of it wholly or entirely; as, he had sold
out his corn, or his interest in a business.
Sell
Sell, v. i.
1. To practice selling commodities.
I will buy with you, sell with you; . . . but I will not eat with
you. Shak.
2. To be sold; as, corn sells at a good price.
To sell out, to sell one's whole stockk in trade or one's entire
interest in a property or a business.
Sell
Sell, n. An imposition; a cheat; a hoax. [Colloq.]
Sellanders, Sellenders
Sel"lan*ders (?), Sel"len*ders (?), n. pl. (Far.) See Sallenders.
Seller
Sell"er (?), n. One who sells. Chaucer.
Selters water
Sel"ters wa"ter (?). A mineral water from Sellers, in the district of
Nassan, Germany, containing much free carbonic acid.
Seltzer water
Selt"zer wa"ter (?). See Selters water.
Seltzo-gene
Selt"zo-gene (?), n. [Seltzer water + the root of Gr. A gazogene.
Selvage, Selvedge
Sel"vage, Sel"vedge (?), n. [Self + edge, i. e., its own proper edge;
cf. OD. selfegge.]
1. The edge of cloth which is woven in such a manner as to prevent
raveling.
2. The edge plate of a lock, through which the bolt passes. Knight.
3. (Mining.) A layer of clay or decomposed rock along the wall of a
vein. See Gouge, n., 4. Raymond.
Selvaged, Selvedged
Sel"vaged, Sel"vedged (?), a. Having a selvage.
Selvagee
Sel`va*gee" (?), n. (Naut.) A skein or hank of rope yarns wound round
with yarns or marline, -- used for stoppers, straps, etc.
Selve
Selve (?), a. Self; same. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Selves
Selves (?), n., pl. of Self.
Sely
Se"ly (?), a. Silly. [Obs.] Chaucer. Wyclif.
Sem\'91ostomata
Se*m\'91`o*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division
of Discophora having large free mouth lobes. It includes Aurelia, and
Pelagia. Called also Semeostoma. See Illustr. under Discophora, and
Medusa.
Semaphore
Sem"a*phore (?), n. [Gr. s\'82maphore.] A signal telegraph; an
apparatus for giving signals by the disposition of lanterns, flags,
oscillating arms, etc.
Semaphoric, Semaphorical
Sem`a*phor"ic (?), Sem`a*phor"ic*al (?) a. [Cf. F. s\'82maphorique.]
Of or pertaining to a semaphore, or semaphores; telegraphic.
Semaphorically
Sem`a*phor"ic*al*ly, adv. By means a semaphore.
Semaphorist
Se*maph"o*rist (?), n. One who manages or operates a semaphore.
Sematology
Sem`a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The doctrine of signs as the
expression of thought or reasoning; the science of indicating thought
by signs. Smart.
Sematrope
Sem"a*trope (?), n. [Gr. An instrument for signaling by reflecting the
rays of the sun in different directions. Knight.
Semblable
Sem"bla*ble (?), a. [F., from sembler to seem, resemble, L. similare,
simulare. See Simulate.] Like; similar; resembling. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Semblable
Sem"bla*ble, n. Likeness; representation. [Obs.]
Semblably
Sem"bla*bly, adv. In like manner. [Obs.] Shak.
Semblance
Sem"blance (?), n. [F. See Semblable, a.]
1. Seeming; appearance; show; figure; form.
Thier semblance kind, and mild their gestures were. Fairfax.
2. Likeness; resemblance, actual or apparent; similitude; as, the
semblance of worth; semblance of virtue.
Only semblances or imitations of shells. Woodward.
Semblant
Sem"blant (?), a. [F. semblant, p. pr.]
1. Like; resembling. [Obs.] Prior.
2. Seeming, rather than real; apparent. [R.] Carlyle.
Semblant
Sem"blant, n. [F.]
1. Show; appearance; figure; semblance. [Obs.] Spenser.
His flatterers made semblant of weeping. Chaucer.
2. The face. [Obs.] Wyclif (Luke xxiv. 5).
Semblative
Sem"bla*tive (?), a. Resembling. [Obs.]
And all is semblative a woman's part. Shak.
Semble
Sem"ble (?), v. i. [F. sembler. See Semblable, a.]
1. To imitate; to make a representation or likeness. [Obs.]
Where sembling art may carve the fair effect. Prior.
2. (Law) It seems; -- chiefly used impersonally in reports and
judgments to express an opinion in reference to the law on some point
not necessary to be decided, and not intended to be definitely settled
in the cause.
Semble
Sem"ble, a. Like; resembling. [Obs.] T. Hudson.
Sembling
Sem"bling (?), n. [Cf. Assemble.] (Zo\'94l.) The practice of
attracting the males of Lepidoptera or other insects by exposing the
female confined in a cage.
NOTE: &hand; It is often adopted by collectors in order to procure
specimens of rare species.
Sem\'82
Se*m\'82" (?), a. [F. sem\'82, fr. semer to sow.] (Her.) Sprinkled or
sown; -- said of field, or a charge, when strewed or covered with
small charges.
Semeiography, OR Semiography
Se`mei*og"ra*phy (?), OR Se`mi*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. shmei^on sign +
-graphy.] (Med.) A description of the signs of disease.
Semeiological, OR Semiologioal
Se`mei*o*log"ic*al (?), OR Se`mi*o*log"io*al, a. Of or pertaining to
the science of signs, or the systematic use of signs; as, a
semeiological classification of the signs or symptoms of disease; a
semeiological arrangement of signs used as signals.
Semeiology, OR Semiology
Se`mei*ol"o*gy (?), OR Se`mi*ol"o*gy, n. [Gr. shmei^on a mark, a sign
+ -logy.] The science or art of signs. Specifically: (a) (Med.) The
science of the signs or symptoms of disease; symptomatology. (b) The
art of using signs in signaling.
Semeiotic, OR Semiotic
Se`mei*ot"ic (?), OR Se`mi*ot"ic, a. [Gr. shmei^on a mark, a sign.]
1. Relating to signs or indications; pertaining to the language of
signs, or to language generally as indicating thought.
2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to the signs or symptoms of diseases.
Semeiotics, OR Semiotics
Se`mei*ot"ics (?), OR Se`mi*ot"ics, n. Semeiology.
Semele
Sem"e*le (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Myth.) A daughter of Cadmus, and by
Zeus mother of Bacchus.
Semen
Se"men (?), n.; pl. Semina (#). [L., from the root of serere, satum,
to sow. See Sow to scatter seed.]
1. (Bot.) The seed of plants.
2. (Physiol.) The seed or fecundating fluid of male animals; sperm. It
is a white or whitish viscid fluid secreted by the testes,
characterized by the presence of spermatozoids to which it owes its
generative power.
Semen contra, OR Semen cin\'91 or cyn\'91, a strong aromatic, bitter
drug, imported from Aleppo and Barbary, said to consist of the leaves,
peduncles, and unexpanded flowers of various species of Artemisia;
wormseed.
Semeniferous
Sem`e*nif"er*ous (?), a. (Biol.) Seminiferous.
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Semester
Se*mes"ter (?), n. [G., from L. semestris half-yearly; sex six +
mensis a month.] A period of six months; especially, a term in a
college or uneversity which divides the year into two terms.
Semi-
Sem"i- (?). [L. semi; akin to Gr. s\'bemi-, AS. s\'bem-, and prob. to
E. same, from the division into two parts of the same size. Cf. Hemi-,
Sandelend.] A prefix signifying half, and sometimes partly or
imperfectly; as, semiannual, half yearly; semitransparent, imperfectly
transparent.
NOTE: &hand; Th e prefix semi is joined to another word either with
the hyphen or without it. In this book the hyphen is omitted except
before a capital letter; as, semiacid, semiaquatic, semi-Arian,
semiaxis, semicalcareous.
Semiacid
Sem`i*ac"id (?), a. Slightly acid; subacid.
Semiacidified
Sem`i*a*cid"i*fied (?), a. Half acidified.
Semiadherent
Sem`i*ad*her"ent (?), a. Adherent part way.
Semiamplexicaul
Sem`i*am*plex"i*caul (?), a. (Bot.) Partially amplexicaul; embracing
the stem half round, as a leaf.
Semiangle
Sem"i*an`gle (?), n. (Geom.) The half of a given, or measuring, angle.
Semiiannual
Semi`i*an"nu*al (?), a. Half-yearly.
Semiannually
Sem`i*an"nu*al*ly, adv. Every half year.
Semiannular
Sem`i*an"nu*lar (?), a. Having the figure of a half circle; forming a
semicircle. Grew.
Semi-Arian
Sem`i-A"ri*an (?), n. [See Arian.] (Eccl. Hist.) A member of a branch
of the Arians which did not acknowledge the Son to be consubstantial
with the Father, that is, of the same substance, but admitted him to
be of a like substance with the Father, not by nature, but by a
peculiar privilege.
Semi-Arian
Sem"i-A"ri*an, a. Of or pertaining to Semi-Arianism.
Semi-Arianism
Sem`i-A"ri*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines or tenets of the Semi-Arians.
Semiaxis
Sem`i*ax"is (?), n. (Geom.) One half of the axis of an
Semibarbarian
Sem`i*bar*ba"ri*an (?), a. Half barbarous; partially civilized. -- n.
One partly civilized.
Semibarbaric
Sem`i*bar*bar"ic (?), a. Half barbarous or uncivilized; as,
semibarbaric display.
Semibarbarism
Sem`i*bar"ba*rism (?), n. The quality or state of being half barbarous
or uncivilized.
Semibarbarous
Sem`i*bar"ba*rous (?), a. Half barbarous.
Semibreve
Sem"i*breve` (?), n. [Pref. semi- + breve: cf. F. semi-breve, It.
semibreve.] [Formerly written semibref.] (Mus.) A note of half the
time or duration of the breve; -- now usually called a whole note. It
is the longest note in general use.
Semibrief
Sem"i*brief` (?), n. (Mus.) A semibreve. [R.]
Semibull
Sem"i*bull` (?), n. (R.C.Ch.) A bull issued by a pope in the period
between his election and coronation.
Semicalcareous
Sem`i*cal*ca"re*ous (?), a. Half or partially calcareous; as, a
semicalcareous plant.
Semicalcined
Sem`i*cal*cined" (?), a. Half calcined; as, semicalcined iron.
Semicastrate
Sem`i*cas"trate (?), v. t. To deprive of one testicle. --
Sem`i*cas*tra"tion (#),n.
Semicentennial
Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to half of a century, or
a period of fifty years; as, a semicentennial commemoration.
Semicentennial
Sem`i*cen*ten"ni*al, n. A fiftieth anniversary.
Semichaotic
Sem`i*cha*ot"ic (?), a. Partially chaotic.
Semichorus
Sem"i*cho`rus, n. (Mus.) A half chorus; a passage to be sung by a
selected portion of the voices, as the female voices only, in contrast
with the full choir.
Semi-Christianized
Sem`i-Chris"tian*ized (?), a. Half Christianized.
Semicircle
Sem"i*cir`cle (?), n.
1. (a) The half of a circle; the part of a circle bounded by its
diameter and half of its circumference. (b) A semicircumference.
2. A body in the form of half of a circle, or half of a circumference.
3. An instrument for measuring angles.
Semicircled
Sem"i*cir`cled (?), a. Semicircular. Shak.
Semicircular
Sem`i*cir"cu*lar (?), a. Having the form of half of a circle. Addison.
Semicircular canals (Anat.), certain canals of the inner ear. See
under Ear.
Semi circumference
Sem`i cir*cum"fer*ence (?), n. Half of a circumference.
Semicirque
Sem"i*cirque (?), n. A semicircular hollow or opening among trees or
hills. Wordsworth.
Semicolon
Sem"i*co`lon (?), n. The punctuation mark [;] indicating a separation
between parts or members of a sentence more distinct than that marked
by a comma.
Semicolumn
Sem"i*col`umn (?), n. A half column; a column bisected longitudinally,
or along its axis.
Semicolumnar
Sem`i*co*lum"nar (?), a. Like a semicolumn; flat on one side and round
on the other; imperfectly columnar.
Semicompact
Sem`i*com*pact" (?), a. Half compact; imperfectly indurated.
Semiconscious
Sem`i*con"scious (?), a. Half conscious; imperfectly conscious. De
Quincey.
Semicope
Sem"i*cope` (?), n. A short cope, or an inferier kind of cope. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Semi crustaceous
Sem`i crus*ta"ceous (?), a. Half crustaceous; partially crustaceous.
Semicrystalline
Sem`i*crys"tal*line (?), a. (Min.) Half crystalline; -- said of
certain cruptive rocks composed partly of crystalline, partly of
amorphous matter.
Semicubical
Sem`i*cu"bic*al (?), a. (Math.) Of or pertaining to the square root of
the cube of a quantity. Semicubical parabola, a curve in which the
ordinates are proportional to the square roots of the cubes of the
abscissas.
Semicubium, Semicupium
Sem`i*cu"bi*um (?), Sem`i*cu"pi*um (?), n. [LL., fr. L. semi half +
cupa tub, cask.] A half bath, or one that covers only the lewer
extremities and the hips; a sitz-bath; a half bath, or hip bath.
Semicylindric, Semicylyndrical
Sem`i*cy*lin"dric (?), Sem`i*cy*lyn"dric*al (?) a. Half cylindrical.
Semideistical
Sem`i*de*is"tic*al (?), a. Half deisticsl; bordering on deism. S.
Miller.
Semidemiquaver
Sem`i*dem"i*qua`ver (?), n. (Mus.) A demisemiquaver; a thirty-second
note.
Semidetached
Sem`i*de*tached" (?), a. Half detached; partly distinct or separate.
Semidetached house, one of two tenements under a single roof, but
separated by a party wall. [Eng.]
Semidiameter
Sem`i*di*am"e*ter (?), n. (Math.) Half of a diameter; a right line, or
the length of a right line, drawn from the center of a circle, a
sphere, or other curved figure, to its circumference or periphery; a
radius.
Semidiapason
Sem`i*di`a*pa"son (?), n. (Mus.) An imperfect octave.
Semidiapente
Sem`i*di`a*pen"te (?), n. (Mus.) An imperfect or diminished fifth.
Busby.
Semidiaphaneity
Sem`i*di`a*pha*ne"i*ty (?), n. Half or imperfect transparency;
translucency. [R.] Boyle.
Semidiaphanous
Sem`i*di*aph"a*nous (?), a. Half or imperfectly transparent;
translucent. Woodward.
Semidiatessaron
Sem`i*di`a*tes"sa*ron (?), n. (Mus.) An imperfect or diminished
fourth. [R.]
Semiditone
Sem`i*di"tone` (?), n. [Pref. semi- + ditone: cf. It. semiditono. Cf.
Hemiditone.] (Gr. Mus.) A lesser third, having its terms as 6 to 5; a
hemiditone. [R.]
Semidiurnal
Sem`i*di*ur"nal (?), a.
1. Pertaining to, or accomplished in, half a day, or twelve hours;
occurring twice every day.
2. Pertaining to, or traversed in, six hours, or in half the time
between the rising and setting of a heavenly body; as, a semidiurnal
arc.
Semidome
Sem"i*dome` (?), n. (Arch.) A roof or ceiling covering a semicircular
room or recess, or one of nearly that shape, as the apse of a church,
a niche, or the like. It is approximately the quarter of a hollow
sphere.
Semidouble
Sem"i*dou`ble (?), n. (Eccl.) An office or feast celebrated with less
solemnity than the double ones. See Double, n., 8.
Semidouble
Sem`i*dou"ble, a. (Bot.) Having the outermost stamens converted into
petals, while the inner ones remain perfect; -- said of a flower.
Semifable
Sem"i*fa`ble (?), n. That which is part fable and part truth; a
mixture of truth and fable. De Quincey.
Semiflexed
Sem"i*flexed` (?), a. Half bent.
Semifloret
Sem"i*flo`ret (?), n. (Bot.) See Semifloscule.
Semifloscular
Sem`i*flos"cu*lar (?), a. Semiflosculous.
Semifloscule
Sem"i*flos`cule (?), n. (Bot.) A floscule, or florest, with its
corolla prolonged into a strap-shaped petal; -- called also
semifloret.
Semiflosculous
Sem`i*flos"cu*lous (?), a. (Bot.) Having all the florets ligulate, as
in the dandelion.
Semifluid
Sem`i*flu"id (?), a. Imperfectly fluid. -- n. A semifluid substance.
Semiform
Sem"i*form` (?), n. A half form; an imperfect form.
Semiformed
Sem"i*formed` (?), a. Half formed; imperfectly formed; as, semiformed
crystals.
Semiglutin
Sem`i*glu"tin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A peptonelike body, insoluble
in alcohol, formed by boiling collagen or gelatin for a long time in
water. Hemicollin, a like body, is also formed at the same time, and
differs from semiglutin by being partly soluble in alcohol.
Semihistorical
Sem`i*his*tor"i*cal (?), a. Half or party historical. Sir G. C. Lewis.
Semihoral
Sem`i*ho"ral (?), a. Half-hourly.
Semiindurated
Sem`i*in"du*ra`ted (?), a. Imperfectly indurated or hardened.
Semilapidified
Sem`i*la*pid"i*fied (?), a. Imperfectly changed into stone. Kirwan.
Semilens
Sem"i*lens` (?), n. (Opt.) The half of a lens divided along a plane
passing through its axis.
Semilenticular
Sem`i*len*tic"u*lar (?), a. Half lenticular or convex; imperfectly
resembling a lens. Kirwan.
Semiligneous
Sem`i*lig"ne*ous (?), a. Half or partially ligneous, as a stem partly
woody and partly herbaceous.
Semiliquid
Sem`i*liq"uid (?), a. Half liquid; semifluid.
Semiliquidity
Sem`i*li*quid"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being semiliquid;
partial liquidity.
Semilogical
Sem`i*log"ic*al (?), a. Half logical; partly logical; said of
fallacies. Whately.
Semilor
Sem"i*lor (?), n. [Cf. G. similor, semilor.] A yellowish alloy of
copper and zinc. See Simplor.
Semilunar
Sem`i*lu"nar (?), a. Shaped like a half moon. Semilunar bone (Anat.),
a bone of the carpus; the lunar. See Lunar, n. -- Semilunar, OR
Sigmoid, valves (Anat.), the valves at the beginning of the aorta and
of the pulmonary artery which prevent the blood from flowing back into
the ventricle.
Semilunar
Sem`i*lu"nar, n. (Anat.) The semilunar bone.
Semilunary
Sem`i*lu"na*ry (?), a. Semilunar.
Semilunate
Sem`i*lu"nate (?), a. Semilunar.
Semilune
Sem"i*lune` (?), n. (Geom.) The half of a lune.
Semimetal
Sem"i*met`al (?), n. (Chem.) An element possessing metallic properties
in an inferior degree and not malleable, as arsenic, antimony,
bismuth, molybdenum, uranium, etc. [Obs.]
Semimetallic
Sem`i*me*tal"lic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to a semimetal;
possessing metallic properties in an inferior degree; resembling
metal.
Semimonthly
Sem`i*month"ly (?) a. Coming or made twice in a month; as, semimonthly
magazine; a semimonthly payment. -- n. Something done or made every
half month; esp., a semimonthly periodical. -- adv. In a semimonthly
manner; at intervals of half a month.
Semiimute
Semi`i*mute" (?), a. Having the faculty of speech but imperfectly
developed or partially lost.
Semimute
Sem"i*mute` (?), n. A semimute person.
Seminal
Sem"i*nal (?), a. [L. seminalis, fr. semen, seminis, seed, akin to
serere to sow: cf. F. seminal. See Sow to scatter seed.]
1. Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of, seed or semen; as, the
seminal fluid.
2. Contained in seed; holding the relation of seed, source, or first
principle; holding the first place in a series of developed results or
consequents; germinal; radical; primary; original; as, seminal
principles of generation; seminal virtue.
The idea of God is, beyond all question or comparison, the one
great seminal principle. Hare.
Seminal leaf (Bot.), a seed leaf, or cotyleden. -- Seminal receptacle.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Spermatheca.
Seminal
Sem"i*nal (?), n. A seed. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Seminality
Sem`i*nal"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being seminal. Sir T.
Browne.
Seminarian, Seminarist
Sem`i*na"ri*an (?), Sem"i*na*rist (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82minariste.] A
member of, or one educated in, a seminary; specifically, an
ecclesiastic educated for the priesthood in a seminary.
Seminary
Sem"i*na*ry (?), n.; pl. Seminaries (#). [L. seminarium, fr.
seminarius belonging to seed, fr. semon, seminis, seed. See Seminal.]
1. A piece of ground where seed is sown for producing plants for
transplantation; a nursery; a seed plat. [Obs.] Mortimer.
But if you draw them [seedling] only for the thinning of your
seminary, prick them into some empty beds. Evelyn.
2. Hence, the place or original stock whence anything is brought or
produced. [Obs.] Woodward.
3. A place of education, as a scool of a high grade, an academy,
college, or university.
4. Seminal state. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
5. Fig.: A seed bed; a source. [Obs.] Harvey.
6. A Roman Catholic priest educated in a foreign seminary; a
seminarist. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Seminary
Sem"i*na*ry, a. [L. seminarius.] Belonging to seed; seminal. [R.]
Seminate
Sem"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Seminating.] [L. seminatus, p. p. of seminare to sow, fr. semen,
seminis, seed.] To sow; to spread; to propagate. [R.] Waterhouse.
Semination
Sem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. seminatio: cf. F. s\'82mination.]
1. The act of sowing or spreading. [R.]
2. (Bot.) Natural dispersion of seeds. Martyn.
Semined
Sem"ined (?), a. [See Semen.] Thickly covered or sown, as with seeds.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
Seminiferous
Sem`i*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. semen, semenis, seed -ferous.] (Biol.)
Seed-bearing; producing seed; pertaining to, or connected with, the
formation of semen; as, seminiferous cells or vesicles.
Seminific, Semnifical
Sem`i*nif"ic (?), Sem`*nif"ic*al (?), a. [L. semen, seminis, seed +
facere to make.] (Biol.) Forming or producing seed, or the male
generative product of animals or of plants.
Seminification
Sem`i*ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. Propagation from seed. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
Seminist
Sem"i*nist (?), n. (Biol.) A believer in the old theory that the newly
created being is formed by the admixture of the seed of the male with
the supposed seed of the female.
Seminoles
Sem"i*noles (?), n. pl.; sing. Seminole (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of
Indians who formerly occupied Florida, where some of them still
remain. They belonged to the Creek Confideration.
Seminose
Sem"i*nose` (?), n. [L. semen seed + glucose.] (Chem.) A carbohydrate
of the glucose group found in the thickened endosperm of certain
seeds, and extracted as yellow sirup having a sweetish-bitter taste.
<-- same as D-mannose; C6H12O6, a hexose opticaly isomeric with
glucose. -->
Seminude
Sem`i*nude" (?), a. Partially nude; half naked.
Seminymph
Sem"i*nymph` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The pupa of insects which undergo only
a slight change in passing to the imago state.
Semioccasionally
Sem`i*oc*ca"sion*al*ly (?), adv. Once in a while; on rare occasions.
[Colloq. U. S.]
Semiofficial
Sem`i*of*fi"cial (?), a. Half official; having some official authority
or importance; as, a semiofficial statement. -- Sem`i*of*fi"cial*ly,
adv.
Semiography, Semiology, Semiological
Se`mi*og"ra*phy (?), Se`mi*ol"o*gy (?), Se`mi*o*log"ic*al (?). Same as
Semeiography, Semeiology, Semeiological.
Semiopacous
Sem`i*o*pa"cous (?), a. Semiopaque.
Semiopal
Sem"i*o`pal (?), n. (Min.) A variety of opal not possessing
opalescence.
Semiopaque
Sem`i*o*paque" (?), a. Half opaque; only half transparent.
Semiorbicular
Sem`i*or*bic"u*lar (?), a. Having the shape of a half orb or sphere.
Semiotic
Se`mi*ot"ic (?), a. Same as Semeiotic.
Semiotics
Se`mi*ot"ics (?), n. Same as Semeiotics.
Semioval
Sem`i*o"val (?), a. Half oval.
Semiovate
Sem`i*o"vate (?), a. Half ovate.
Semioxygenated
Sem`i*ox"y*gen*a`ted (?), a. Combined with oxygen only in part.
Kirwan.
Semipagan
Sem`i*pa"gan (?), a. Half pagan.
Semipalmate, Semipalmated
Sem`i*pal"mate (?), Sem`i*pal"ma*ted (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the
anterior toes joined only part way down with a web; half-webbed; as, a
semipalmate bird or foot. See Illust. k under Aves.
Semiparabola
Sem`i*pa*rab"o*la (?), n. (Geom.) One branch of a parabola, being
terminated at the principal vertex of the curve.
Semiped
Sem"i*ped (?), n. [L. semipes, semipedis; pref. semi- half + pes,
pedis, a foot.] (Pros.) A half foot in poetry.
Semipedal
Se*mip"e*dal (?), a. (Pres.) Containing a half foot.
Semi-Pelagian
Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of John Cassianus,
a French monk (died about 448), who modified the doctrines of
Pelagius, by denying human merit, and maintaining the necessity of the
Spirit's influence, while, on the other hand, he rejected the
Augustinian doctrines of election, the inability of man to do good,
and the certain perseverance of the saints.
Semi-Pelagian
Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an, a. Of or pertaining to the Semi-Pelagians, or their
tenets.
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Semi-Pelagianism
Sem`i-Pe*la"gi*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines or tenets of the
Semi-Pelagians.
Semipellucid
Sem`i*pel*lu"cid (?), a. Half clear, or imperfectly transparent; as, a
semipellucid gem.
Semipellucidity
Sem`i*pel`lu*cid"i*ty (?), n. The qualiti or state of being
imperfectly transparent.
Semipenniform
Sem`i*pen"ni*form (?), a. (Anat.) Half or partially penniform; as, a
semipenniform muscle.
Semopermanent
Sem`o*per"ma*nent, n. Half or partly permanent.
Semiperspicuous
Sem`i*per*spic"u*ous (?), a. Half transparent; imperfectly clear;
semipellucid.
Semiphlogisticated
Sem`i*phlo*gis"ti*ca`ted (?), a. (Old Chem.) Partially impregnated
with phlogiston.
Semiplume
Sem"i*plume` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A feather which has a plumelike web,
with the shaft of an ordinary feather.
Semiprecious
Sem`i*pre"cious (?), a. Somewhat precious; as, semiprecious stones or
metals.
Semiproof
Sem"i*proof` (?), n. Half proof; evidence from the testimony of a
single witness. [Obs.] Bailey.
Semi pupa
Sem`i pu"pa (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The young of an insect in a stage
between the larva and pupa.
Semiquadrate, Semiquartile
Sem"i*quad`rate (?), Sem"i*quar"tile (?), n. (Astrol.) An aspect of
the planets when distant from each other the half of a quadrant, or
forty-five degrees, or one sign and a half. Hutton.
Semiquaver
Sem"i*qua`ver (?), n. (Mus.) A note of half the duration of the
quaver; -- now usually called a sixsteenth note.
Semiquintile
Sem"i*quin`tile (?), n. (Astrol.) An aspect of the planets when
distant from each other half of the quintile, or thirty-six degrees.
Semirecondite
Sem`i*rec"on*dite (?), a. (Zool.) Half hidden or half covered; said of
the head of an insect when half covered by the shield of the thorax.
Semiring
Sem"i*ring` (?), n. (Anat.) One of the incomplete rings of the upper
part of the bronchial tubes of most birds. The semerings form an
essential part of the syrinx, or musical organ, of singing birds.
Semisavage
Sem`i*sav"age (?), a. Half savage.
Semisavage
Sem"i*sav`age, n. One who is half savage.
Semi-Saxon
Sem`i-Sax"on (?), a. Half Saxon; -- specifically applied to the
language intermediate between Saxon and English, belonging to the
period 1150-1250.
Semisextile
Sem"i*sex"tile (?), n. (Astrol.) An aspect of the planets when they
are distant from each other the twelfth part of a circle, or thirty
degrees. Hutton.
Semisolid
Sem`i*sol"id (?), a. Partially solid.
Semisoun
Sem"i*soun (-s&oomac;n), n. A half sound; a low tone. [Obs.] "Soft he
cougheth with a semisoun." Chaucer.
Semispheric, Semispherical
Sem`i*spher"ic (?), Sem`i*spher"ic*al (?), a. Having the figure of a
half sphere. Kirwan.
Semispheroidal
Sem`i*sphe*roid"al (?), a. Formed like a half spheroid.
Semisteel
Sem"i*steel` (, n. Puddled steel. [U. S. ]
Semita
Sem"i*ta (?), n.; pl. Semit\'91. [L., a path.] (Zo\'94l.) A fasciole
of a spatangoid sea urchin.
Semitangent
Sem"i*tan`gent (?), n. (Geom.) The tangent of half an arc.
Semite
Sem"ite (?), n. One belonging to the Semitic race. Also used
adjectively. [Written also Shemite.]
Semiterete
Sem`i*te*rete" (?), a. (Nat. Hist.) Half terete.
Semitertian
Sem`i*ter"tian (?), a. (Med.) Having the characteristics of both a
tertian and a quotidian intermittent. -- n. An intermittent combining
the characteristics of a tertian and a quotidian.
Semitic
Sem*it"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Shem or his descendants;
belonging to that division of the Caucasian race which includes the
Arabs, Jews, and related races. [Written also Shemitic.] Semitic
language, a name used to designate a group of Asiatic and African
languages, some living and some dead, namely: Hebrew and Ph&oe;nician,
Aramaic, Assyrian, Arabic, Ethiopic (Geez and Ampharic). Encyc. Brit.
Semitism
Sem"i*tism (?), n. A Semitic idiom; a word of Semitic origin. [Written
also Shemitism.]
Semitone
Sem"i*tone (?), n. [Pref. semi- + tone. CF. Hemitone.] (Mus.) Half a
tone; -- the name commonly applied to the smaller intervals of the
diatonic scale.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere is an impropriety in the use of this word, and
half step is now preferred. See Tone.
J. S. Dwight.
Semitonic
Sem`i*ton"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a semitone; consisting of a
semitone, or of semitones.
Semitransept
Sem"i*tran`sept (?), n. (Arch.) The half of a transept; as, the north
semitransept of a church.
Semitranslucent
Sem`i*trans*lu"cent (?), a. Slightly clear; transmitting light in a
slight degree.
Semitransparency
Sem`i*trans*par"en*cy (?), n. Imperfect or partial transparency.
Semitransparent
Sem`i*trans*par"ent (?), a. Half or imperfectly transparent.
Semiverticillate
Sem`i*ver*tic"il*late, ( a. Partially verticillate.
Semivif
Sem"i*vif (?), a. [L. semivivus.] Only half alive. [Obs.] Piers
Plowman.
Semivitreous
Sem`i*vit"re*ous (?), a. Partially vitreous.
Semivitrification
Sem`i*vit"ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being semivitrified.
2. A substance imperfectly vitrified.
Semivitrified
Sem`i*vit"ri*fied (?), a. Half or imperfectly vitrified; partially
converted into glass.
Semivocal
Sem`i*vo"cal (?), a. (Phon.) Of or pertaining to a semivowel; half
cocal; imperfectly sounding.
Semivowel
Sem"i*vow`el (?), n. (Phon.) (a) A sound intermediate between a vowel
and a consonant, or partaking of the nature of both, as in the English
w and y. (b) The sign or letter representing such a sound.
Semiweekly
Sem`i*week"ly (?), a. Coming, or made, or done, once every half week;
as, a semiweekly newspaper; a semiweekly trip. -- n. That which comes
or happens once every half week, esp. a semiweekly periodical. -- adv.
At intervals of half a week each.
Semolella
Sem`o*lel"la (?), n. [It.] See Semolina.
Semolina
Sem`o*li"na (?), n. [It. semolino, from semola bran, L. simila the
finest wheat flour. Cf. Semoule, Simnel.] The fine, hard parts of
wheat, rounded by the attrition of the millstones, -- used in cookery.
Semolino
Sem`o*li"no (?), n. [It.] Same as Semolina.
Semoule
Se*moule" (?), n. [F.] Same as Semolina.
Sempervirent
Sem`per*vi"rent (?), a. [L. semper always + virens, p. pr. of virere
to be green.] Always fresh; evergreen. [R.] Smart.
Sempervive
Sem"per*vive (?), n. [L. semperviva, sempervivum, fr. sempervivus
ever-living; semper always + vivus living.] (Bot.) The houseleek.
Sempervivum
Sem`per*vi"vum (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of fleshy-leaved plants, of
which the houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum) is the commonest species.
Sempiternal
Sem`pi*ter"nal (?), a. [L. sempiternus, fr. semper always: cf. F.
sempiternel.]
1. Of neverending duration; everlasting; endless; having beginning,
but no end. Sir M. Hale.
2. Without beginning or end; eternal. Blackmore.
Sempiterne
Sem"pi*terne (?), a. Sempiternal. [Obs.]
Sempiternity
Sem`pi*ter"ni*ty (?), n. [L. sempiternitas.] Future duration without
end; the relation or state of being sempiternal. Sir M. Hale.
Sempre
Sem"pre (?), adv. [It., fr. L. semper.] (Mus.) Always; throughout; as,
sempre piano, always soft.
Sempster
Semp"ster (?), n. A seamster. [Obs.]
Sempstress
Semp"stress (?), n. A seamstress.
Two hundred sepstress were employed to make me shirts. Swift.
Sempstressy
Semp"stress*y (?), n. Seamstressy.
Semster
Sem"ster (?), n. A seamster. [Obs.]
Semuncia
Se*mun"ci*a (?), n. [L., fr. semi half + uncia ounce.] (Rom. Antiq.) A
Roman coin equivalent to one twenty-fourth part of a Roman pound.
Sen
Sen (?), n. A Japanese coin, worth about one half of a cent.
Sen
Sen, adv., prep., & conj. [See Since.] Since. [Obs.]
Senary
Sen"a*ry (?), a. [L. senarius, fr. seni six each, fr. sex six. See
Six.] Of six; belonging to six; containing six. Dr. H. More.
Senate
Sen"ate (?), n. [OE. senat, F. s\'82nat, fr. L. senatus, fr. senex,
gen. senis, old, an old man. See Senior, Sir.]
1. An assembly or council having the highest deliberative and
legislative functions. Specifically: (a) (Anc. Rom.) A body of elders
appointed or elected from among the nobles of the nation, and having
supreme legislative authority.
The senate was thus the medium through which all affairs of the
whole government had to pass. Dr. W. Smith.
(b) The upper and less numerous branch of a legislature in various
countries, as in France, in the United States, in most of the separate
States of the United States, and in some Swiss cantons. (c) In
general, a legislative body; a state council; the legislative
department of government.
2. The governing body of the Universities of Cambridge and London.
[Eng.]
3. In some American colleges, a council of elected students, presided
over by the president of the college, to which are referred cases of
discipline and matters of general concern affecting the students. [U.
S.]
Senate chamber, a room where a senate meets when it transacts
business. -- Senate house, a house where a senate meets when it
transacts business.
Senator
Sen"a*tor (?), n. [OE. senatour, OF. senatour, F. s\'82nateur, fr. L.
senator.]
1. A member of a senate.
The duke and senators of Venice greet you. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; In th e Un ited States, each State sends two senators
for a term of six years to the national Congress.
2. (O.Eng.Law) A member of the king's council; a king's councilor.
Burrill.
Senatorial
Sen`a*to"ri*al (?), a. [F. s\'82natorial, or L. senatorius.]
1. Of or pertaining to a senator, or a senate; becoming to a senator,
or a senate; as, senatorial duties; senatorial dignity.
2. Entitled to elect a senator, or by senators; as, the senatorial
districts of a State. [U. S.]
Senatorially
Sen`a*to"ri*al*ly, adv. In a senatorial manner.
Senatorian
Sen`a*to"ri*an (?), a. Senatorial. [R.] De Quincey.
Senatorious
Sen`a*to"ri*ous (?), a. Senatorial. [Obs.]
Senatorship
Sen"a*tor*ship (?), n. The office or dignity of a senator. Carew.
Senatusconsult
Se*na`tus*con*sult" (?), n. [L. senatus consultum.] A decree of the
Roman senate.
Send
Send (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sent (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sending.] [AS.
sendan; akin to OS. sendian, D. zenden, G. senden, OHG. senten, Icel.
senda, Sw. s\'84nda, Dan. sende, Goth. sandjan, and to Goth. sinp a
time (properly, a going), gasinpa companion, OHG. sind journey, AS.
s\'c6, Icel. sinni a walk, journey, a time. W. hynt a way, journey,
OIr. s. Cf. Sense.]
1. To cause to go in any manner; to dispatch; to commission or direct
to go; as, to send a messenger.
I have not sent these prophets, yet they ran. Jer. xxiii. 21.
I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but
he sent me. John viii. 42.
Servants, sent on messages, stay out somewhat longer than the
message requires. Swift.
2. To give motion to; to cause to be borne or carried; to procure the
going, transmission, or delivery of; as, to send a message.
He . . . sent letters by posts on horseback. Esther viii. 10.
O send out thy light an thy truth; let them lead me. Ps. xliii. 3.
3. To emit; to impel; to cast; to throw; to hurl; as, to send a ball,
an arrow, or the like.
4. To cause to be or to happen; to bestow; to inflict; to grant; --
sometimes followed by a dependent proposition. "God send him well!"
Shak.
The Lord shall send upon thee cursing, vexation, and rebuke. Deut.
xxviii. 20.
And sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. Matt. v. 45.
God send your mission may bring back peace. Sir W. Scott.
Send
Send (?), v. i.
1. To dispatch an agent or messenger to convey a message, or to do an
errand.
See ye how this son of a murderer hath sent to take away my head? 2
Kings vi. 32.
2. (Naut.) To pitch; as, the ship sends forward so violently as to
endanger her masts. Totten.
To send for, to request or require by message to come or be brought.
Send
Send, n. (Naut.) The impulse of a wave by which a vessel is carried
bodily. [Written also scend.] W. C. Russell. "The send of the sea".
Longfellow.
Sendal
Sen"dal (?), n. [OF. cendal (cf. Pr. & Sp. cendal, It. zendale), LL.
cendallum, Gr. A light thin stuff of silk. [Written also cendal, and
sendal.] Chaucer.
Wore she not a veil of twisted sendal embroidered with silver? Sir
W. Scott.
Sender
Send"er (?), n. One who sends. Shak.
Senecas
Sen"e*cas (?), n. pl.; sing. Seneca (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians
who formerly inhabited a part of Western New York. This tribe was
the most numerous and most warlike of the Five Nations. Seneca
grass
(Bot.), holy grass. See under Holy. -- Seneca eil, petroleum or
naphtha. -- Seneca root, OR Seneca snakeroot (Bot.), the rootstock of
an American species of milkworth (Polygala Senega) having an aromatic
but bitter taste. It is often used medicinally as an expectorant and
diuretic, and, in large doses, as an emetic and cathartic. [Written
also Senega root, and Seneka root.]
Senecio
Se*ne"ci*o (?), n. [L., groundsel, lit., an old man. So called in
allusion to the hoary appearance of the pappus.] (Bot.) A very large
genus of composite plants including the groundsel and the golden
ragwort.
Senectitude
Se*nec"ti*tude (?), n. [L. senectus aged, old age, senex old.] Old
age. [R.] "Senectitude, weary of its toils." H. Miller.
Senega
Sen"e*ga (?), n. (Med.) Seneca root.
Senegal
Sen"e*gal (?), n. Gum senegal. See under Gum.
Senegin
Sen"e*gin (?), n. (Med. Chem.) A substance extracted from the
rootstock of the Polygala Senega (Seneca root), and probably identical
with polygalic acid.
Senescence
Se*nes"cence (?), n. [See Senescent.] The state of growing old; decay
by time.
Senescent
Se*nes"cent (?), a. [L. senescent, p. pr. of senescere to grow old,
incho. fr. senere to be old.] Growing old; decaying with the lapse of
time. "The night was senescent." Poe. "With too senescent air."
Lowell.
Seneschal
Sen"es*chal (?), n. [OF. seneschal, LL. seniscalcus, of Teutonic
origin; cf. Goth. sineigs old, skalks, OHG. scalch, AS. scealc. Cf.
Senior, Marshal.] An officer in the houses of princes and dignitaries,
in the Middle Ages, who had the superintendence of feasts and domestic
ceremonies; a steward. Sometimes the seneschal had the dispensing of
justice, and was given high military commands.
Then marshaled feast Served up in hall with sewers and seneschale.
Milton.
Philip Augustus, by a famous ordinance in 1190, first established
royal courts of justice, held by the officers called baitiffs, or
seneschals, who acted as the king's lieutenants in his demains.
Hallam.
Seneschalship
Sen"es*chal*ship, n. The office, dignity, or jurisdiction of a
seneschal.
Senge
Senge (?), v. t. To singe. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sengreen
Sen"green (?), n.[AS. singr, properly, evergreen, fr. sin (in
composition) always + gr\'89ne green; akin to OHG. sin- ever, L.
semper.] (Bot.) The houseleek.
Senile
Se"nile (?), a. [L. senilis, from senex, gen. senis, old, an old man:
cf. F. s\'82nile. See Senior.] Of or pertaining to old age; proceeding
from, or characteristic of, old age; affected with the infirmities of
old age; as, senile weakness. "Senile maturity of judgment." Boyle.
Senile gangrene (Med.), a form of gangrene occuring particularly in
old people, and caused usually by insufficient blood supply due to
degeneration of the walls of the smaller arteries.
Senility
Se*nil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82nilit\'82.] The quality or state of
being senile; old age.
Senior
Sen"ior (?), a. [L. senior, compar. of senex, gen. senis, old. See
Sir.]
1. More advanced than another in age; prior in age; elder; hence, more
advanced in dignity, rank, or office; superior; as, senior member;
senior counsel.
2. Belonging to the final year of the regular course in American
colleges, or in professional schools.
Senior
Sen"ior, n.
1. A person who is older than another; one more advanced in life.
2. One older in office, or whose entrance upon office was anterior to
that of another; one prior in grade.
3. An aged person; an older. Dryden.
Each village senior paused to scan, And speak the lovely caravan.
Emerson.
4. One in the fourth or final year of his collegiate course at an
American college; -- originally called senior sophister; also, one in
the last year of the course at a professional schools or at a
seminary.
Seniority
Sen*ior"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being senior.
Seniorize
Sen"ior*ize (?), v. i. To exercise authority; to rule; to lord it.
[R.] Fairfax.
Seniory
Sen"ior*y (?), n. Seniority. [Obs.] Shak.
Senna
Sen"na (?), n. [Cf. It. & Sp. sena, Pg. sene, F. s\'82n\'82; all fr.
Ar. san\'be.]
1. (Med.) The leaves of several leguminous plants of the genus Cassia.
(C. acutifolia. C. angustifolia, etc.). They constitute a valuable but
nauseous cathartic medicine.
2. (Bot.) The plants themselves, native to the East, but now
cultivated largely in the south of Europe and in the West Indies.
Bladder senna. (Bot.) See under Bladder. -- Wild senna (Bot.), the
Cassia Marilandica, growing in the United States, the leaves of which
are used medicinally, like those of the officinal senna.
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Page 1310
Sennachy
Sen"na*chy (?), n. See Seannachie.
Sennet
Sen"net (?), n. [Properly, a sign given for the entrance or exit of
actors, from OF. sinet, signet, dim. of signe. See Signet.] A signal
call on a trumpet or cornet for entrance or exit on the stage. [Obs.]
Sennet
Sen"net, n. (Zo\'94l.) The barracuda.
Sennight
Sen"night (?), n. [Contr. fr. sevennight.] The space of seven nights
and days; a week. [Written also se'nnight.] [Archaic.] Shak. Tennyson.
Sennit
Sen"nit (?), n. [Seven + knit.]
1. (Naut.) A braided cord or fabric formed by plaiting together rope
yarns or other small stuff.
2. Plaited straw or palm leaves for making hats.
Senocular
Se*noc"u*lar (?), a. [L. seni six each (fr. sex six) + oculus eye.]
Having six eyes. [R.] Derham.
Senonian
Se*no"ni*an (?), a. [F. s\'82nonien, from the district of S\'82nonais,
in France.] (Geol.) In european geology, a name given to the middle
division of the Upper Cretaceous formation.
Se\'a4or
Se*\'a4or" (?), n. [Sp. Cf. Senior.] A Spanish title of courtesy
corresponding to the English Mr. or Sir; also, a gentleman.
Se\'a4ora
Se*\'a4o"ra (?), n. [Sp.] A Spanish title of courtesy given to a lady;
Mrs.; Madam; also, a lady.
Se\'a4orita
Se`\'a4o*ri"ta (?), n. [Sp.] A Spanish title of courtesy given to a
young lady; Miss; also, a young lady.
Sens
Sens (?), adv. [See Since.] Since. [Obs.] Spenser.
Sensate
Sen"sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sensated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sensating.] [See Sensated.] To feel or apprehend more or less
distinctly through a sense, or the senses; as, to sensate light, or an
odor.
As those of the one are sensated by the ear, so those of the other
are by the eye. R. Hooke.
Sensate, Sensated
Sen"sate (?), Sen"sa*ted (?), a. [L. sensatus gifted with sense,
intelligent, fr. sensus sense. See Sense.] Felt or apprehended through
a sense, or the senses. [R.] Baxter.
Sensation
Sen*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. sensation. See Sensate.]
1. (Physiol.) An impression, or the consciousness of an impression,
made upon the central nervous organ, through the medium of a sensory
or afferent nerve or one of the organs of sense; a feeling, or state
of consciousness, whether agreeable or disagreeable, produced either
by an external object (stimulus), or by some change in the internal
state of the body.
Perception is only a special kind of knowledge, and sensation a
special kind of feeling. . . . Knowledge and feeling, perception
and sensation, though always coexistent, are always in the inverse
ratio of each other. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. A purely spiritual or psychical affection; agreeable or
disagreeable feelings occasioned by objects that are not corporeal or
material.
3. A state of excited interest or feeling, or that which causes it.
The sensation caused by the appearance of that work is still
remembered by many. Brougham.
Syn. -- Perception. -- Sensation, Perseption. The distinction between
these words, when used in mental philosophy, may be thus stated; if I
simply smell a rose, I have a sensation; if I refer that smell to the
external object which occasioned it, I have a perception. Thus, the
former is mere feeling, without the idea of an object; the latter is
the mind's apprehension of some external object as occasioning that
feeling. "Sensation properly expresses that change in the state of the
mind which is produced by an impression upon an organ of sense (of
which change we can conceive the mind to be conscious, without any
knowledge of external objects). Perception, on the other hand,
expresses the knowledge or the intimations we obtain by means of our
sensations concerning the qualities of matter, and consequently
involves, in every instance, the notion of externality, or outness,
which it is necessary to exclude in order to seize the precise import
of the word sensation." Fleming.
Sensational
Sen*sa"tion*al (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to sensation; as, sensational nerves.
2. Of or pertaining to sensationalism, or the doctrine that sensation
is the sole origin of knowledge.
3. Suited or intended to excite temporarily great interest or emotion;
melodramatic; emotional; as, sensational plays or novels; sensational
preaching; sensational journalism; a sensational report.
Sensationalism
Sen*sa"tion*al*ism (?), n.
1. (Metaph.) The doctrine held by Condillac, and by some ascribed to
Locke, that our ideas originate solely in sensation, and consist of
sensations transformed; sensualism; -- opposed to intuitionalism, and
rationalism.
2. The practice or methods of sensational writing or speaking; as, the
sensationalism of a novel.
Sensationalist
Sen*sa"tion*al*ist, n.
1. (Metaph.) An advocate of, or believer in, philosophical
sensationalism.
2. One who practices sensational writing or speaking.
Sense
Sense (?), n. [L. sensus, from sentire, sensum, to perceive, to feel,
from the same root as E. send; cf. OHG. sin sense, mind, sinnan to go,
to journey, G. sinnen to meditate, to think: cf. F. sens. For the
change of meaning cf. See, v. t. See Send, and cf. Assent, Consent,
Scent, v. t., Sentence, Sentient.]
1. (Physiol.) A faculty, possessed by animals, of perceiving external
objects by means of impressions made upon certain organs (sensory or
sense organs) of the body, or of perceiving changes in the condition
of the body; as, the senses of sight, smell, hearing, taste, and
touch. See Muscular sense, under Muscular, and Temperature sense,
under Temperature.
Let fancy still my sense in Lethe steep. Shak.
What surmounts the reach Of human sense I shall delineate. Milton.
The traitor Sense recalls The soaring soul from rest. Keble.
2. Perception by the sensory organs of the body; sensation;
sensibility; feeling.
In a living creature, though never so great, the sense and the
affects of any one part of the body instantly make a transcursion
through the whole. Bacon.
3. Perception through the intellect; apprehension; recognition;
understanding; discernment; appreciation.
This Basilius, having the quick sense of a lover. Sir P. Sidney.
High disdain from sense of injured merit. Milton.
4. Sound perception and reasoning; correct judgment; good mental
capacity; understanding; also, that which is sound, true, or
reasonable; rational meaning. "He speaks sense." Shak.
He raves; his words are loose As heaps of sand, and scattering wide
from sense. Dryden.
5. That which is felt or is held as a sentiment, view, or opinion;
judgment; notion; opinion.
I speak my private but impartial sense With freedom. Roscommon.
The municipal council of the city had ceased to speak the sense of
the citizens. Macaulay.
6. Meaning; import; signification; as, the true sense of words or
phrases; the sense of a remark.
So they read in the book in the law of God distinctly, and gave the
sense. Neh. viii. 8.
I think 't was in another sense. Shak.
7. Moral perception or appreciation.
Some are so hardened in wickedness as to have no sense of the most
friendly offices. L' Estrange.
8. (Geom.) One of two opposite directions in which a line, surface, or
volume, may be supposed to be described by the motion of a point,
line, or surface.
Common sense, according to Sir W. Hamilton: (a) "The complement of
those cognitions or convictions which we receive from nature, which
all men possess in common, and by which they test the truth of
knowledge and the morality of actions." (b) "The faculty of first
principles." These two are the philosophical significations. (c) "Such
ordinary complement of intelligence, that,if a person be deficient
therein, he is accounted mad or foolish." (d) When the substantive is
emphasized: "Native practical intelligence, natural prudence, mother
wit, tact in behavior, acuteness in the observation of character, in
contrast to habits of acquired learning or of speculation." -- Moral
sense. See under Moral, (a). -- The inner, OR internal, sense,
capacity of the mind to be aware of its own states; consciousness;
reflection. "This source of ideas every man has wholly in himself, and
though it be not sense, as having nothing to do with external objects,
yet it is very like it, and might properly enough be called internal
sense." Locke. -- Sense capsule (Anat.), one of the cartilaginous or
bony cavities which inclose, more or less completely, the organs of
smell, sight, and hearing. -- Sense organ (Physiol.), a specially
irritable mechanism by which some one natural force or form of energy
is enabled to excite sensory nerves; as the eye, ear, an end bulb or
tactile corpuscle, etc. -- Sense organule (Anat.), one of the modified
epithelial cells in or near which the fibers of the sensory nerves
terminate. Syn. -- Understanding; reason. -- Sense, Understanding,
Reason. Some philosophers have given a technical signification to
these terms, which may here be stated. Sense is the mind's acting in
the direct cognition either of material objects or of its own mental
states. In the first case it is called the outer, in the second the
inner, sense. Understanding is the logical faculty, i. e., the power
of apprehending under general conceptions, or the power of
classifying, arranging, and making deductions. Reason is the power of
apprehending those first or fundamental truths or principles which are
the conditions of all real and scientific knowledge, and which control
the mind in all its processes of investigation and deduction. These
distinctions are given, not as established, but simply because they
often occur in writers of the present day.
Sense
Sense (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sensed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sensing.]
To perceive by the senses; to recognize. [Obs. or Colloq.]
Is he sure that objects are not otherwise sensed by others than
they are by him? Glanvill.
Senseful
Sense"ful (?), a. Full of sense, meaning, or reason; reasonable;
judicious. [R.] "Senseful speech." Spenser. "Men, otherwise senseful
and ingenious." Norris.
Senseless
Sense"less, a. Destitute of, deficient in, or contrary to, sense;
without sensibility or feeling; unconscious; stupid; foolish; unwise;
unreasonable.
You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things. Shak.
The ears are senseless that should give us hearing. Shak.
The senseless grave feels not your pious sorrows. Rowe.
They were a senseless, stupid race. Swift.
They would repent this their senseless perverseness when it would
be too late. Clarendon.
--- Sense"less*ly, adv. -- Sense"less*ness, n.
Sensibility
Sen`si*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Sensibilities (#). [Cf. F.
sensibilit\'82, LL. sensibilitas.]
1. (Physiol.) The quality or state of being sensible, or capable of
sensation; capacity to feel or perceive.
2. The capacity of emotion or feeling, as distinguished from the
intellect and the will; peculiar susceptibility of impression,
pleasurable or painful; delicacy of feeling; quick emotion or
sympathy; as, sensibility to pleasure or pain; sensibility to shame or
praise; exquisite sensibility; -- often used in the plural.
"Sensibilities so fine!" Cowper.
The true lawgiver ought to have a heart full of sensibility. Burke.
His sensibilities seem rather to have been those of patriotism than
of wounded pride. Marshall.
3. Experience of sensation; actual feeling.
This adds greatly to my sensibility. Burke.
4. That quality of an instrument which makes it indicate very slight
changes of condition; delicacy; as, the sensibility of a balance, or
of a thermometer.<-- usu. sensitivity --> Syn. -- Taste;
susceptibility; feeling. See Taste.
Sensible
Sen"si*ble (?), a. [F., fr. L. sensibilis, fr. sensus sense.]
1. Capable of being perceived by the senses; apprehensible through the
bodily organs; hence, also, perceptible to the mind; making an
impression upon the sense, reason, or understanding; sensible
resistance.
Air is sensible to the touch by its motion. Arbuthnot.
The disgrace was more sensible than the pain. Sir W. Temple.
Any very sensible effect upon the prices of things. A. Smith.
2. Having the capacity of receiving impressions from external objects;
capable of perceiving by the instrumentality of the proper organs;
liable to be affected physsically or mentally; impressible.
Would your cambric were sensible as your finger. Shak.
3. Hence: Liable to impression from without; easily affected; having
nice perception or acute feeling; sensitive; also, readily moved or
affected by natural agents; delicate; as, a sensible thermometer.
"With affection wondrous sensible." Shak.
4. Perceiving or having perception, either by the senses or the mind;
cognizant; perceiving so clearly as to be convinced; satisfied;
persuaded.
He [man] can not think at any time, waking or sleeping, without
being sensible of it. Locke.
They are now sensible it would have been better to comply than to
refuse. Addison.
5. Having moral perception; capable of being affected by moral good or
evil.
6. Possessing or containing sense or reason; giftedwith, or
characterized by, good or common sense; intelligent; wise.
Now a sensible man, by and by a fool. Shak.
Sensible note OR tone (Mus.), the major seventh note of any scale; --
so called because, being but a half step below the octave, or key
tone, and naturally leading up to that, it makes the ear sensible of
its approaching sound. Called also the leading tone. -- Sensible
horizon. See Horizon, n., 2. (a). Syn. -- Intelligent; wise. --
Sensible, Intelligent. We call a man sensible whose judgments and
conduct are marked and governed by sound judgment or good common
semse. We call one intelligent who is quick and clear in his
understanding, i. e., who discriminates readily and nicely in respect
to difficult and important distinction. The sphere of the sensible man
lies in matters of practical concern; of the intelligent man, in
subjects of intellectual interest. "I have been tired with accounts
from sensible men, furnished with matters of fact which have happened
within their own knowledge." Addison. "Trace out numerous footsteps .
. . of a most wise and intelligent architect throughout all this
stupendous fabric." Woodward.
Sensible
Sen"si*ble (?), n.
1. Sensation; sensibility. [R.] "Our temper changed . . . which must
needs remove the sensible of pain." Milton.
2. That which impresses itself on the sense; anything perceptible.
Aristotle distinguished sensibles into common and proper.
Krauth-Fleming.
3. That which has sensibility; a sensitive being. [R.]
This melancholy extends itself not to men only, but even to
vegetals and sensibles. Burton.
Sensibleness
Sen"si*ble*ness, n.
1. The quality or state of being sensible; sensibility; appreciation;
capacity of perception; susceptibility. "The sensibleness of the eye."
Sharp. "Sensibleness and sorrow for sin." Hammond.
The sensibleness of the divine presence. Hallywell.
2. Intelligence; reasonableness; good sense.
Sensibly
Sen"si*bly, adv.
1. In a sensible manner; so as to be perceptible to the senses or to
the mind; appreciably; with perception; susceptibly; sensitively.
What remains past cure, Bear not too sensibly. Milton.
2. With intelligence or good sense; judiciously.
Sensifacient
Sen`si*fa"cient (?), a. [L. sensus sense + facere to make.] Converting
into sensation. Huxley.
Sensiferous
Sen*sif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sensifer; sensus sense + ferre to bear.]
Exciting sensation; conveying sensation. Huxley.
Sensific
Sen*sif"ic (?), a. [L. sensificus; sensus sense + facere to make.]
Exciting sensation.
Sensificatory
Sen*sif"i*ca*to*ry (?), a. Susceptible of, or converting into,
sensation; as, the sensificatory part of a nervous system. Huxley.
Sensigenous
Sen*sig"e*nous (?), a. [L. sensus sense + -genous.] Causing or
exciting sensation. Huxley.
Sensism
Sens"ism (?), n. Same as Sensualism, 2 & 3.
Sensist
Sens"ist, n. One who, in philosophy, holds to sensism.
Sensitive
Sen"si*tive (?), a. [F. sensitif. See Sense.]
1. Having sense of feeling; possessing or exhibiting the capacity of
receiving impressions from external objects; as, a sensitive soul.
2. Having quick and acute sensibility, either to the action of
external objects, or to impressions upon the mind and feelings; highly
susceptible; easily and acutely affected.
She was too sensitive to abuse and calumny. Macaulay.
3. (a) (Mech.) Having a capacity of being easily affected or moved;
as, a sensitive thermometer; sensitive scales. (b) (Chem. & Photog.)
Readily affected or changed by certain appropriate agents; as, silver
chloride or bromide, when in contact with certain organic substances,
is extremely sensitive to actinic rays.
4. Serving to affect the sense; sensible. [R.]
A sensitive love of some sensitive objects. Hammond.
5. Of or pertaining to sensation; depending on sensation; as,
sensitive motions; sensitive muscular motions excited by irritation.
E. Darwin.
Sensitive fern (Bot.), an American fern (Onoclea sensibilis), the
leaves of which, when plucked, show a slight tendency to fold
together. -- Sensitive flame (Physics), a gas flame so arranged that
under a suitable adjustment of pressure it is exceedingly sensitive to
sounds, being caused to roar, flare, or become suddenly shortened or
extinguished, by slight sounds of the proper pitch. -- Sensitive joint
vetch (Bot.), an annual leguminous herb (\'92schynomene hispida), with
sensitive foliage. -- Sensitive paper, paper prepared for photographic
purpose by being rendered sensitive to the effect of light. --
Sensitive plant. (Bot.) (a) A leguminous plant (Mimosa pudica, or M.
sensitiva, and other allied species), the leaves of which close at the
slightest touch. (b) Any plant showing motions after irritation, as
the sensitive brier (Schrankia) of the Southern States, two common
American species of Cassia (C. nictitans, and C. Cham\'91crista), a
kind of sorrel (Oxalis sensitiva), etc.
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-- Sen"si*tive*ly (#), adv. -- Sen"si*tive*ness, n.
Sensitivity
Sen`si*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sensitive; --
used chiefly in science and the arts; as, the sensitivity of iodized
silver.
Sensitivity and emotivity have also been used as the scientific
term for the capacity of feeling. Hickok.
Sensitize
Sen"si*tize (?), v. t. (Photog.) To render sensitive, or susceptible
of being easily acted on by the actinic rays of the sun; as,
sensitized paper or plate.
Sensitizer
Sen"si*ti`zer (?), n. (Photog.) An agent that sensitizes.
The sensitizer should be poured on the middle of the sheet. Wilis &
Clements (The Platinotype).
Sensitory
Sen"si*to*ry (?), n. See Sensory.
Sensive
Sens"ive (?), a. Having sense or sensibility; sensitive. [Obs.] Sir P.
Sidney.
Sensor
Sen"sor (?), a. Sensory; as, the sensor nerves.
Sensorial
Sen*so"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sensorial. See Sensorium.] Of or
pertaining to the sensorium; as, sensorial faculties, motions, powers.
A. Tucker.
Sensorium
Sen*so"ri*um (?), n.; pl. E. Sensoriums (#), L. Sensoria (#). [L., fr.
sentire, sensum, to discern or perceive by the senses.] (Physiol.) The
seat of sensation; the nervous center or centers to which impressions
from the external world must be conveyed before they can be perceived;
the place where external impressions are localized, and transformed
into sensations, prior to being reflected to other parts of the
organism; hence, the whole nervous system, when animated, so far as it
is susceptible of common or special sensations.
Sensori-volitional
Sen*so`ri-vo*li"tion*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Concerned both in sensation
and volition; -- applied to those nerve fibers which pass to and from
the cerebro-spinal axis, and are respectively concerned in sensation
and volition. Dunglison.
Sensery
Sen"se*ry (?), n.; pl. Sensories (. (Physiol.) Same as Sensorium.
Sensory
Sen"so*ry, a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to the sensorium or
sensation; as, sensory impulses; -- especially applied to those nerves
and nerve fibers which convey to a nerve center impulses resulting in
sensation; also sometimes loosely employed in the sense of afferent,
to indicate nerve fibers which convey impressions of any kind to a
nerve center.
Sensual
Sen"su*al (?), a. [L. sensualis, from sensus sense: cf. F. sensuel.]
1. Pertaining to, consisting in, or affecting, the sense, or bodily
organs of perception; relating to, or concerning, the body, in
distinction from the spirit.
Pleasing and sensual rites and ceremonies. Bacon.
Far as creation's ample range extends, The scale of sensual, mental
powers ascends. Pope.
2. Hence, not spiritual or intellectual; carnal; fleshly; pertaining
to, or consisting in, the gratification of the senses, or the
indulgence of appetites; wordly.
These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the
Spirit. Jude 19.
The greatest part of men are such as prefer . . . that good which
is sensual before whatsoever is most divine. Hooker.
3. Devoted to the pleasures of sense and appetite; luxurious;
voluptuous; lewd; libidinous.
No small part of virtue consists in abstaining from that wherein
sensual men place their felicity. Atterbury.
4. Pertaining or peculiar to the philosophical doctrine of sensualism.
Sensualism
Sen"su*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. sensualisme.]
1. The condition or character of one who is sensual; subjection to
sensual feelings and appetite; sensuality.
2. (Philos.) The doctrine that all our ideas, or the operations of the
understanding, not only originate in sensation, but are transformed
sensations, copies or relics of sensations; sensationalism; sensism.
3. (Ethics) The regarding of the gratification of the senses as the
highest good. Krauth-Fleming.
Sensualist
Sen"su*al*ist, n. [CF. F. sensualiste.]
1. One who is sensual; one given to the indulgence of the appetites or
senses as the means of happiness.
2. One who holds to the doctrine of sensualism.
Sensualistic
Sen`su*al*is"tic (?), a.
1. Sensual.
2. Adopting or teaching the doctrines of sensualism.
Sensuality
Sen`su*al"i*ty (?), n. [CF. F. sensualit\'82, L. sensualitas
sensibility, capacity for sensation.] The quality or state of being
sensual; devotedness to the gratification of the bodily appetites;
free indulgence in carnal or sensual pleasures; luxuriousness;
voluptuousness; lewdness.
Those pampered animals That rage in savage sensuality. Shak.
They avoid dress, lest they should have affections tainted by any
sensuality. Addison.
Sensualization
Sen`su*al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of sensualizing, or the state of
being sensualized.
Sensualize
Sen"su*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sensualized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Sensualizing (?).] To make sensual; to subject to the love of
sensual pleasure; to debase by carnal gratifications; to carnalize;
as, sensualized by pleasure. Pope.
By the neglect of prayer, the thoughts are sensualized. T. H.
Skinner.
Sensually
Sen"su*al*ly, adv. In a sensual manner.
Sensualness
Sen"su*al*ness, n. Sensuality; fleshliness.
Sensuism
Sen"su*ism (?), n. Sensualism.
Sensuosity
Sen`su*os"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sensuous;
sensuousness. [R.]
Sensuous
Sen"su*ous (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to the senses, or sensible objects; addressing the
senses; suggesting pictures or images of sense.
To this poetry would be made precedent, as being less subtle and
fine, but more simple, sensuous, and passionate. Milton.
2. Highly susceptible to influence through the senses. --
Sen"su*ous*ly (#), adv. -- Sen"su*ous*ness, n.
Sent
Sent (?), v. & n. See Scent, v. & n. [Obs.] Spenser.
Sent
Sent, obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Send, for sendeth.
Sent
Sent, imp. & p. p. of Send.
Sentence
Sen"tence (?), n. [F., from L. sententia, for sentientia, from sentire
to discern by the senses and the mind, to feel, to think. See Sense,
n., and cf. Sentiensi.]
1. Sense; meaning; significance. [Obs.]
Tales of best sentence and most solace. Chaucer.
The discourse itself, voluble enough, and full of sentence. Milton.
2. (a) An opinion; a decision; a determination; a judgment, especially
one of an unfavorable nature.
My sentence is for open war. Milton.
That by them [Luther's works] we may pass sentence upon his
doctrines. Atterbury.
(b) A philosophical or theological opinion; a dogma; as, Summary of
the Sentences; Book of the Sentences.
3. (Law) In civil and admiralty law, the judgment of a court
pronounced in a cause; in criminal and ecclesiastical courts, a
judgment passed on a criminal by a court or judge; condemnation
pronounced by a judgical tribunal; doom. In common law, the term is
exclusively used to denote the judgment in criminal cases.
Received the sentence of the law. Shak.
4. A short saying, usually containing moral instruction; a maxim; an
axiom; a saw. Broome.
5. (Gram.) A combination of words which is complete as expressing a
thought, and in writing is marked at the close by a period, or full
point. See Proposition, 4.
NOTE: &hand; Se ntences ar e si mple or compound. A simple sentence
consists of one subject and one finite verb; as, "The Lord reigns."
A compound sentence contains two or more subjects and finite verbs,
as in this verse: -
He fills, he bounds, connects, and equals all. Pope.
Dark sentence, a saving not easily explained.
A king . . . understanding dark sentences. Dan. vii. 23.
Sentence
Sen"tence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sentenced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sentencing (?).]
1. To pass or pronounce judgment upon; to doom; to condemn to
punishment; to prescribe the punishment of.
Nature herself is sentenced in your doom. Dryden.
2. To decree or announce as a sentence. [Obs.] Shak.
3. To utter sentenciously. [Obs.] Feltham.
Sentencer
Sen"ten*cer (?), n. One who pronounced a sentence or condemnation.
sentential
sen*ten"tial (?), a.
1. Comprising sentences; as, a sentential translation. Abp. Newcome.
2. Of or pertaining to a sentence, or full period; as, a sentential
pause.
Sententially
Sen*ten"tial*ly, adv. In a sentential manner.
Sententiarist
Sen*ten"ti*a*rist (?), n. A sententiary. Barnas Sears (Life of
Luther).
Sententiary
Sen*ten"ti*ary (?), n. [LL. sententiarius.] One who read lectures, or
commented, on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, Bishop of Paris
(1159-1160), a school divine. R. Henry.
Sententiosity
Sen*ten`ti*os"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sententious.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Sententious
Sen*ten"tious (?), a.[L. sentenciosus: cf. F. sentencieux.]
1. Abounding with sentences, axioms, and maxims; full of meaning;
terse and energetic in expression; pithy; as, a sententious style or
discourse; sententious truth.
How he apes his sire, Ambitiously sententious! Addison.
2. Comprising or representing sentences; sentential. [Obs.]
"Sententious marks." Grew. --- Sen*ten"tious*ly, adv. --
Sen*ten"tious*ness, n.
Sentery
Sen"ter*y (?), n. A sentry. [Obs.] Milton.
Senteur
Sen"teur (?), n. [F.] Scent. [Obs.] Holland.
Sentience, Sentiency
Sen"ti*ence (?), Sen"ti*en*cy (?), n. [See Sentient, Sentence.] The
quality or state of being sentient; esp., the quality or state of
having sensation. G. H. Lewes
An example of harmonious action between the intelligence and the
sentieny of the mind. Earle.
Sentient
Sen"ti*ent (?), a. [L. sentiens, -entis, p. pr. of sentire to discern
or perceive by the senses. See Sense.] Having a faculty, or faculties,
of sensation and perception. Specif. (Physiol.), especially sensitive;
as, the sentient extremities of nerves, which terminate in the various
organs or tissues.
Sentient
Sen"ti*ent, n. One who has the faculty of perception; a sentient
being.
Sentiently
Sen"ti*ent*ly, adv. In a sentient or perceptive way.
Sentiment
Sen"ti*ment (?), n. [OE. sentement, OF. sentement, F. sentiment, fr.
L. sentire to perceive by the senses and mind, to feel, to think. See
Sentient, a.]
1. A thought prompted by passion or feeling; a state of mind in view
of some subject; feeling toward or respecting some person or thing;
disposition prompting to action or expression.
The word sentiment, agreeably to the use made of it by our best
English writers, expresses, in my own opinion very happily, those
complex determinations of the mind which result from the
co\'94peration of our rational powers and of our moral feelings.
Stewart.
Alike to council or the assembly came, With equal souls and
sentiments the same. Pope.
2. Hence, generally, a decision of the mind formed by deliberation or
reasoning; thought; opinion; notion; judgment; as, to express one's
sentiments on a subject.
Sentiments of philosophers about the perception of external
objects. Reid.
Sentiment, as here and elsewhere employed by Reid in the meaning of
opinion (sententia), is not to be imitated. Sir W. Hamilton.
3. A sentence, or passage, considered as the expression of a thought;
a maxim; a saying; a toast.
4. Sensibility; feeling; tender susceptibility.
Mr. Hume sometimes employs (after the manner of the French
metaphysicians) sentiment as synonymous with feeling; a use of the
word quite unprecedented in our tongue. Stewart.
Less of sentiment than sense. Tennyson.
Syn. -- Thought; opinion; notion; sensibility; feeling. -- Sentiment,
Opinion, Feeling. An opinion is an intellectual judgment in respect to
any and every kind of truth. Feeling describes those affections of
pleasure and pain which spring from the exercise of our sentient and
emotional powers. Sentiment (particularly in the plural) lies between
them, denoting settled opinions or principles in regard to subjects
which interest the feelings strongly, and are presented more or less
constantly in practical life. Hence, it is more appropriate to speak
of our religious sentiments than opinions, unless we mean to exclude
all reference to our feelings. The word sentiment, in the singular,
leans ordinarily more to the side of feeling, and denotes a refined
sensibility on subjects affecting the heart. "On questions of feeling,
taste, observation, or report, we define our sentiments. On questions
of science, argument, or metaphysical abstraction, we define our
opinions. The sentiments of the heart. The opinions of the mind . . .
There is more of instinct in sentiment, and more of definition in
opinion. The admiration of a work of art which results from first
impressions is classed with our sentiments; and, when we have
accounted to ourselves for the approbation, it is classed with our
opinions." W. Taylor.
Sentimental
Sen`ti*men"tal (?), a. [Cf. F. sentimental.]
1. Having, expressing, or containing a sentiment or sentiments;
abounding with moral reflections; containing a moral reflection;
didactic. [Obsoles.]
Nay, ev'n each moral sentimental stroke, Where not the character,
but poet, spoke, He lopped, as foreign to his chaste design, Nor
spared a useless, though a golden line. Whitehead.
2. Inclined to sentiment; having an excess of sentiment or
sensibility; indulging the sensibilities for their own sake;
artificially or affectedly tender; -- often in a reproachful sense.
A sentimental mind is rather prone to overwrought feeling and
exaggerated tenderness. Whately.
3. Addressed or pleasing to the emotions only, usually to the weaker
and the unregulated emotions. Syn. -- Romantic. -- Sentimental,
Romantic. Sentimental usually describes an error or excess of the
sensibilities; romantic, a vice of the imagination. The votary of the
former gives indulgence to his sensibilities for the mere luxury of
their excitement; the votary of the latter allows his imagination to
rove for the pleasure of creating scenes of ideal enjoiment. "Perhaps
there is no less danger in works called sentimental. They attack the
heart more successfully, because more cautiously." V. Knox. "I can not
but look on an indifferency of mind, as to the good or evil things of
this life, as a mere romantic fancy of such who would be thought to be
much wiser than they ever were, or could be." Bp. Stillingfleet.
Sentimentalism
Sen`ti*men"tal*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. sentimentalisme.] The quality of
being sentimental; the character or behavior of a sentimentalist;
sentimentality.
Sentimentalist
Sen`ti*men"tal*ist, n. [Cf. F. sentimentaliste.] One who has, or
affects, sentiment or fine feeling.
Sentimentality
Sen`ti*men*tal"i*ty (?), n. [CF. F. sentimentalit\'82.] The quality or
state of being sentimental.
Sentimentalize
Sen`ti*men"tal*ize (?), v. t. To regard in a sentimental manner; as,
to sentimentalize a subject.
Sentimentalize
Sen`ti*men"tal*ize, v. i. To think or act in a sentimental manner, or
like a sentimentalist; to affect exquisite sensibility. C. Kingsley.
Sentimentally
Sen`ti*men"tal*ly, adv. In a sentimental manner.
Sentine
Sen"tine (?), n. [L. sentina bilge water, hold of a ship, dregs: cf.
F. sentine.] A place for dregs and dirt; a sink; a sewer. [Obs.]
Latimer.
Sentinel
Sen"ti*nel, n. [F. sentinelle (cf. It. sentinella); probably
originally, a litle path, the sentinel's beat,, and a dim. of a word
meaning, path; cf. F. sente path. L. semita; and OF. sentine, sentele,
senteret, diminutive words. Cf. Sentry.]
1. One who watches or guards; specifically (Mil.), a soldier set to
guard an army, camp, or other place, from surprise, to observe the
approach of danger, and give notice of it; a sentry.
The sentinels who paced the ramparts. Macaulay.
2. Watch; guard. [Obs.] "That princes do keep due sentinel." Bacon.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A marine crab (Podophthalmus vigil) native of the Indian
Ocean, remarkable for the great length of its eyestalks; -- called
also sentinel crab.
Sentinel
Sen"ti*nel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sentineled (?) or Sentinelled; p. pr.
& vb. n. Sentineling or Sentinelling.]
1. To watch over like a sentinel. "To sentinel enchanted land." [R.]
Sir W. Scott.
2. To furnish with a sentinel; to place under the guard of a sentinel
or sentinels.
Sentisection
Sen`ti*sec"tion (?), n. [L. sentire to feel + E. section.] Painful
vivisection; -- opposed to callisection. B. G. Wilder.
Sentry
Sen"try (?), n.; pl. Sentires (#). [Probably from OF. senteret a
little patch; cf. F. sentier path, and OF. sente. See Sentinel.]
1. (Mil.) A soldier placed on guard; a sentinel.
2. Guard; watch, as by a sentinel.
Here toils, and death, and death's half-brother, sleep, Forms
terrible to view, their sentry keep. Dryden.
Sentry box, a small house or box to cover a sentinel at his post, and
shelter him from the weather.
Senza
Sen"za (?), prep. [It.] (Mus.) Without; as, senza stromenti, without
instruments.
Sepal
Se"pal (?), n. [NL. sepalum, formed in imitation of NL. petalum,
petal, to denote one of the divisions of the calyx: cf. F. s\'82pale.]
(Bot.) A leaf or division of the calyx.
NOTE: &hand; When the calyx consists of but one part, it is said to
be monosepalous; when of two parts, it is said to be disepalous;
when of a variable and indefinite number of parts, it is said to be
polysepalous; when of several parts united, it is properly called
gamosepalous.
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Sepaled
Se"paled (?), a. (Bot.) Having one or more sepals.
Sepaline
Sep"al*ine (?), a. (Bot.) Relating to, or having the nature of,
sepals.
Sepalody
Se*pal"o*dy (?), n. [Sepal + Gr. (Bot.) The metamorphosis of other
floral organs into sepals or sepaloid bodies.
Sepaloid
Sep"al*oid (?), a. [Sepal + -oid.] (Bot.) Like a sepal, or a division
of a calyx.
Sepalous
Sep"al*ous (?), a. (Bot.) Having, or relating to, sepals; -- used
mostly in composition. See under Sepal.
Separability
Sep`a*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. Quality of being separable or divisible;
divisibility; separableness.
Separable
Sep"a*ra*ble (?), a. [L. separabilis: cf. F. s\'82parable.] Capable of
being separated, disjoined, disunited, or divided; as, the separable
parts of plants; qualities not separable from the substance in which
they exist. -- Sep"a*ra*ble*ness, n. -- Sep"a*ra*bly, adv.
Trials permit me not to doubt of the separableness of a yellow
tincture from gold. Boyle.
Separate
Sep"a*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Separated (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Separating.] [L. separatus, p. p. of separare to separate; pfref. se-
aside + parare to make ready, prepare. See Parade, and cf. Sever.]
1. To disunite; to divide; to disconnect; to sever; to part in any
manner.
From the fine gold I separate the alloy. Dryden.
Separate thyself, I pray thee, from me. Gen. xiii. 9.
Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Rom. viii. 35.
2. To come between; to keep apart by occupying the space between; to
lie between; as, the Mediterranean Sea separates Europe and Africa.
3. To set apart; to select from among others, as for a special use or
service.
Separate me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called
thaem. Acts xiii. 2.
Separated flowers (Bot.), flowers which have stamens and pistils in
separate flowers; diclinous flowers. Gray.
Separate
Sep"a*rate, v. i. To part; to become disunited; to be disconnected; to
withdraw from one another; as, the family separated.
Separate
Sep"a*rate (?), p. a. [L. separatus, p. p. ]
1. Divided from another or others; disjoined; disconnected; separated;
-- said of things once connected.
Him that was separate from his brethren. Gen. xlix. 26.
2. Unconnected; not united or associated; distinct; -- said of things
that have not been connected.
For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless,
undefiled, separate from sinnere. Heb. vii. 26.
3. Disunited from the body; disembodied; as, a separate spirit; the
separate state of souls.
Separate estate (Law), an estate limited to a married woman
independent of her husband. -- Separate maintenance (Law), an
allowance made to a wife by her husband under deed of separation. --
Sep"a*rate*ly, adv. -- Sep"a*rate*ness, n.
Separatical
Sep`a*rat"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to separatism in religion;
schismatical. [R.] Dr. T. Dwight.
Separating
Sep"a*ra`ting (?), a. Designed or employed to separate. Separating
funnel (Chem.), a funnel, often globe-shaped, provided with a stopcock
for the separate drawing off of immiscible liquids of different
specific gravities.
Separation
Sep`a*ra"tion (?), n. [L. separatio: cf. F. s\'82paration.] The act of
separating, or the state of being separated, or separate.
Specifically: (a) Chemical analysis. (b) Divorce. (c) (Steam Boilers)
The operation of removing water from steam. Judicial separation (Law),
a form of divorce; a separation of man and wife which has the effect
of making each a single person for all legal purposes but without
ability to contract a new marriage. Mozley & W.
Separatism
Sep"a*ra*tism (?), n. [CF. F. s\'82paratisme.] The character or act of
a separatist; disposition to withdraw from a church; the practice of
so withdrawing.
Separatist
Sep`a*ra*tist (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82paratiste.] One who withdraws or
separates himself; especially, one who withdraws from a church to
which he has belonged; a seceder from an established church; a
dissenter; a nonconformist; a schismatic; a sectary.
Heavy fines on divines who should preach in any meeting of
separatist . Macaulay.
Separatistic
Sep`a*ra*tis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to separatists;
characterizing separatists; schismatical.
Separative
Sep"a*ra*tive (?), a. [L. separativus.] Causing, or being to cause,
separation. "Separative virtue of extreme cold." Boyle.
Separator
Sep"a*ra`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, separates.
Specifically: (a) (Steam Boilers) A device for depriving steam of
particles of water mixed with it. (b) (Mining) An apparatus for
sorting pulverized ores into grades, or separating them from gangue.
(c) (Weaving) An instrument used for spreading apart the threads of
the warp in the loom, etc.
Separatory
Sep"a*ra*to*ry (?), a. Separative. Cheyne.
Separatory
Sep"a*ra*to*ry, n. [Cf. F. s\'82paratoire.]
1. (Chem.) An apparatus used in separating, as a separating funnel.
2. (Surg.) A surgical instrument for separating the pericranium from
the cranium. [Obs.]
Separatrix
Sep`a*ra"trix (?), n.; pl. L. -trices (#), E. -trixes (#). [L., she
that separates.] (Arith.) The decimal point; the dot placed at the
left of a decimal fraction, to separate it from the whole number which
it follows. The term is sometimes also applied to other marks of
separation.
Sepawn
Se*pawn" (?), n. See Supawn. [Local, U.S.]
Sepelible
Sep"e*li*ble (?), a. [L. sepelibilis, fr. sepelire to bury.] Admitting
of burial. [Obs.] Bailey.
Sepelition
Sep`e*li"tion (?), n. Burial. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Sephen
Se"phen (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large sting ray of the genus Trygon,
especially T. sephen of the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. The skin is
an article of commerce.
Sepia
Se"pi*a (?), n.; pl. E. Sepias (#), L. Sepi\'91 (#). [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common European cuttlefish. (b) A genus
comprising the common cuttlefish and numerous similar species. See
Illustr. under Cuttlefish.
2. A pigment prepared from the ink, or black secretion, of the sepia,
or cuttlefish. Treated with caustic potash, it has a rich brown color;
and this mixed with a red forms Roman sepia. Cf. India ink, under
India.
Sepia drawing OR picture, a drawing in monochrome, made in sepia
alone, or in sepia with other brown pigments.
Sepia
Se"pi*a, a. Of a dark brown color, with a little red in its
composition; also, made of, or done in, sepia.
Sepic
Se"pic (?), a. Of or pertaining to sepia; done in sepia; as, a sepic
drawing.
Sepidaceous
Sep`i*da"ceous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the
cuttlefishes of the genus Sepia.
Sepiment
Sep"i*ment (?), n. [L. sepimentum, saepimentum, from sepire, saepire,
to hedge in.] Something that separates; a hedge; a fence. [R.] Bailey.
Sepiolite
Se"pi*o*lite` (?), n. [Septa + -lite.] (Min.) Meerschaum. See
Meerschaum.
Sepiostare
Se"pi*o*stare` (?), n. [Sepia + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The bone or shell of
cuttlefish. See Illust. under Cuttlefish.
Sepon
Se*pon" (#), n. See Supawn. [Local, U.S.]
Sepose
Se*pose" (?), v. t. [L. pref se- aside + E. pose.] To set apart.
[Obs.] Donne.
Seposit
Se*pos"it (?), v. t. [L. sepositus, p. p. of seponere to set aside.]
To set aside; to give up. [Obs.]
Seposition
Sep`o*si"tion (, n. [L. sepositio.] The act of setting aside, or of
giving up. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Sepoy
Se"poy (?), n. [Per. sip\'beh\'c6, fr. sip\'beh an army. Cf. Spahi.] A
native of India employed as a soldier in the service of a European
power, esp. of Great Britain; an Oriental soldier disciplined in the
European manner.
Seppuku
Sep*pu"ku (?), n. Same as Hara-kiri.
Seppuku, or hara-kiri, also came into vogue. W. E. Griffis.
Sepsin
Sep"sin (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A soluble poison (ptomaine)
present in putrid blood. It is also formed in the putrefaction of
proteid matter in general.
Sepsis
Sep"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) The poisoning of the system by
the introduction of putrescent material into the blood.
Sept
Sept (?), n. [A corruption of sect, n.] A clan, tribe, or family,
proceeding from a common progenitor; -- used especially of the ancient
clans in Ireland.
The chief, struck by the illustration, asked at once to be
baptized, and all his sept followed his example. S. Lover.
Sept\'91mia
Sep*t\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Septic\'91mia.
Septal
Sep"tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a septum or septa, as of a coral
or a shell.
Septane
Sep"tane (?), n. [L. septem seven.] (Chem.) See Heptane. [R.]
Septangle
Sep"tan`gle (?), n. [Septi- + angle.] (Geom.) A figure which has seven
angles; a heptagon. [R.]
Septangular
Sep*tan"gu*lar (?), a. Heptagonal.
Septarium
Sep*ta"ri*um (?), n.;pl. Septaria (#). [NL., fr. L. septum, saeptum,
an inclosure, a partition, fr. sepire, saepire, to inclose.] (Geol.) A
flattened concretionary nodule, usually of limestone, intersected
within by cracks which are often filled with calcite, barite, or other
minerals.
Septate
Sep"tate (?), a. [L. septum, saeptum, partition.] Divided by partition
or partitions; having septa; as, a septate pod or shell.
September
Sep*tem"ber (?), n. [L., fr. septem seven, as being the seventh month
of the Roman year, which began with March: cf. F. septembre. See
Seven.] The ninth month of the year, containing thurty days.
Septemberer
Sep*tem"ber*er (?), n. A Setembrist. Carlyle.
Septembrist
Sep*tem"brist (?), n. [F. septembriste.] An agent in the massacres in
Paris, committed in patriotic frenzy, on the 22d of September, 1792.
Septemfluous
Sep*tem"flu*ous (?), a.[L. septemfluus; septem seven + fluere to
flow.] Flowing sevenfold; divided into seven streams or currents. [R.]
Fuller.
Septempartite
Sep*tem"par*tite (?), a. [L. septem seven + E. partite.] Divided
nearly to the base into seven parts; as, a septempartite leaf.
Septemtrioun
Sep*tem"tri*oun (?), n. Septentrion. [Obs.]
Septemvir
Sep*tem"vir (?), n.; pl. E. Septemvirs (#), L. Septemviri (#). [L.
septemviri, pl.; septem seven + viri, pl. of vir man.] (Rom. Hist.)
One of a board of seven men associated in some office.
Septemvirate
Sep*tem"vi*rate (?), n.[L. septemviratus.] The office of septemvir; a
government by septimvirs.
Septenary
Sep"ten*a*ry (?), a. [L. septenairus, from septeni seven each, septem
seven: cf. F. sept\'82naire. See Seven. ]
1. Consisting of, or relating to, seven; as, a septenary number. I.
Watts.
2. Lasting seven years; continuing seven years. "Septenary penance."
Fuller.
Septenary
Sep"ten*a*ry, n. The number seven. [R.] Holinshed.
Septenate
Sep"ten*ate (?), a. [L. septeni seven each.] (Bot.) Having parts in
sevens; heptamerous.
Septennate
Sep*ten"nate (?), n. [F. septennat.] A period of seven years; as, the
septennate during which the President of the French Republic holds
office.
Septennial
Sep*ten"ni*al (?), a. [L. septennium a period of seven years; septem
seven + annus year. See Seven, and Annual.]
1. Lasting or continuing seven years; as, septennial parliaments.
2. Happening or returning once in every seven years; as, septennial
elections in England.
Septennially
Sep*ten"ni*al*ly, adv. Once in seven years.
Septentrial
Sep*ten"tri*al (?), a. Septentrional. Drayton.
Septentrio
Sep*ten"tri*o (?), n. [L. See Septentrion.] (Astron.) The
constellation Ursa Major.
Septentrion
Sep*ten"tri*on (?), n. [L. septentrio the northern regions, the north,
fr. septentriones the seven stars near the north pole, called
Charles's Wain, or the Great Bear, also those called the Little Bear;
properly, the seven plow oxen; septem seven + trio, orig., a plow ox:
cf. F. septentrion.] The north or northern regions. Shak.
Both East West, South and Septentrioun. Chaucer.
Septentrion, Septentrional
Sep*ten"tri*on (?), Sep*ten"tri*on*al (?), a. [L. septentrionalis: cf.
F. septentrional.] Of or pertaining to the north; northern. "From cold
septentrion blasts." Milton.
Septentrionality
Sep*ten`tri*on*al"i*ty (?), n. Northerliness.
Septentrionally
Sep*ten"tri*on*al*ly (?), adv. Northerly.
Septentrionate
Sep*ten"tri*on*ate (?), v. i. To tend or point toward the north; to
north. Sir T. Browne.
Septet, Septette
Sep*tet", Sep*tette" (?), n. [From L. septem seven, like duet, from L.
duo.]
1. A set of seven persons or objects; as, a septet of singers.
2. (Mus.) A musical composition for seven instruments or seven voices;
-- called also septuor.
Septfoil
Sept"foil (?), n. [F. sept seven (L. septem) + E. foil leaf: cf. L.
septifolium.]
1. (Bot.) A European herb, the tormentil. See Tormentil.
2. (Arch.) An ornamental foliation having seven lobes. Cf. Cinquefoil,
Quarterfoil, and Trefoil.
3. (Eccl.Art.) A typical figure, consisting of seven equal segments of
a circle, used to denote the gifts of the Holy Chost, the seven
sacraments as recognized by the Roman Catholic Church, etc. [R.]
Septi-
Sep"ti- (?), [L. septem seven.] A combining form meaning seven; as,
septifolious, seven-leaved; septi-lateral, seven-sided.
Septic
Sep"tic (?), a. [Septi- + -ic.] (Math.) Of the seventh degree or
order. -- n. (Alg.) A quantic of the seventh degree.
Septic, Septical
Sep"tic (?), Sep"tic*al (?), a. [L. septicus, Gr. septique.] Having
power to promote putrefaction.
Septic
Sep"tic, n. A substance that promotes putrefaction.
Septic\'91mia
Sep`ti*c\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) A poisoned condition
of the blood produced by the absorption into it of septic or
putrescent material; blood poisoning. It is marked by chills, fever,
prostration, and inflammation of the different serous membranes and of
the lungs, kidneys, and other organs. <-- Now septicemia. A condition
caused by bacterial infection, the effects being mediated by the
release of toxins by bacteria, within the circulation. (local
infection is sepsis) Also septemia, septic fever, hematosepsis,
sapremia -->
Septically
Sep"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In a septic manner; in a manner tending to
promote putrefaction.
Septicidal
Sep"ti*ci`dal (?), a. [Septum + L. caedere to cut: cf. F. septicide.]
(Bot.) Dividing the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence in
which a pod splits through the partitions and is divided into its
component carpels.
Septicity
Sep*tic"i*ty (?), n. [See Septic.] Tendency to putrefaction; septic
quality.
Septifarious
Sep`ti*fa"ri*ous (?), a. [L. septifariam sevenfold. Cf. Bifarious.]
(Bot.) Turned in seven different ways.
Septiferous
Sep*tif"er*ous (?), a. [Septum + -ferous: cf. F. septif\'8are.] (Bot.)
Bearing a partition; -- said of the valves of a capsule.
Septiferous
Sep*tif"er*ous, a. [Gr. -ferous.] Conveying putrid poison; as, the
virulence of septiferous matter.
Septifluous
Sep*tif"lu*ous (?), a. [CF. Septemfluous.] Flowing in seven streams;
septemfluous.
Septifolious
Sep`ti*fo"li*ous (?), a. [Septi- + L. folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having
seven leaves.
Septiform
Sep"ti*form (?), a. [Septum + -form.] Having the form of a septum.
Septifragal
Sep*tif"ra*gal (?), a. [Septum + L. frangere, fractum, to break.]
(Bot.) Breaking from the partitions; -- said of a method of dehiscence
in which the valves of a pod break away from the partitions, and these
remain attached to the common axis.
Septilateral
Sep`ti*lat"er*al (?), a. [Septi- + lateral.] Having seven sides; as, a
septilateral figure.
Septillion
Sep*til"lion (?), n. [F. septilion, formed fr. L. septem seven, in
imitation of million.] According to the French method of numeration
(which is followed also in the United States), the number expressed by
a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. According to the English
method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-two ciphers annexed.
See Numeration.
Septimole
Sep"ti*mole (?), n. [L. septem seven.] (Mus.) A group of seven notes
to be played in the time of four or six.
Septinsular
Sep*tin"su*lar (?), a. [Septi- + insular.] Consisting of seven
islands; as, the septinsular republic of the Ionian Isles.
Septisyllable
Sep"ti*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Septi- + syllable.] A word of seven
syllables.
Septoic
Sep*to"ic (?), a. [L. septem seven.] (Chem.) See Heptoic. [R.]
Septomaxillary
Sep`to*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the nasal
septum and the maxilla; situated in the region of these parts. -- n. A
small bone between the nasal septum and the maxilla in many reptiles
and amphibians.
Septuagenarian
Sep`tu*a*ge*na"ri*an (?), n. A person who is seventy years of age; a
septuagenary.
Septuagenary
Sep`tu*ag"e*na*ry (?), a. [L. septuagenarius, fr. septuageny seventy
each; akin to septuaginta seventy, septem seven. See Seven.]
Consisting of seventy; also, seventy years old. -- n. A
septuagenarian.
Septuagesima
Sep`tu*a*ges"i*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. L. septuagesimus the seventieth,
fr. septuaginta seventy.] (Eccl.) The third Sunday before Lent; -- so
called because it is about seventy days before Easter.
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Page 1313
Septuagesimal
Sep`tu*a*ges"i*mal (?), a. Consisting of seventy days, years, etc.;
reckoned by seventies.
Our abridged and septuagesimal age. Sir T. Browne.
Septuagint
Sep"tu*a*gint (?), n. [From L. septuaginta seventy.] A Greek version
of the Old Testament; -- so called because it was believed to be the
work of seventy (or rather of seventy-two) translators.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ca uses wh ich pr oduced it [the Septuagint], the
number and names of the translators, the times at which different
portions were translated, are all uncertain. The only point in
which all agree is that Alexandria was the birthplace of the
version. On one other point there is a near agreement, namely, as
to time, that the version was made, or at least commenced, in the
time of the early Ptolemies, in the first half of the third century
b.c.
Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.) Septuagint chronology, the chronology
founded upon the dates of the Septuagint, which makes 1500 years more
from the creation to Abraham than the Hebrew Bible.
Septuary
Sep"tu*a*ry (?), n. [L. septem seven.] Something composed of seven; a
week. [R.] Ash.
Septulate
Sep"tu*late (?), a. [Dim. fr. septum.] (Bot.) Having imperfect or
spurious septa.
Septulum
Sep"tu*lum (?), n.; pl. Septula (#). [NL., dim. of L. septum septum.]
(Anat.) A little septum; a division between small cavities or parts.
Septum
Sep"tum (?), n.; pl. Septa (#). [L. septum, saeptum, an inclosure,
hedge, fence, fr. sepire, saepire, to hedge in, inclose.]
1. A wall separating two cavities; a partition; as, the nasal septum.
2. (Bot.) A partition that separates the cells of a fruit.
3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the radial calcareous plates of a coral. (b)
One of the transverse partitions dividing the shell of a mollusk, or
of a rhizopod, into several chambers. See Illust. under Nautilus. (c)
One of the transverse partitions dividing the body cavity of an
annelid.
Septuor
Sep"tu*or (?), n. [F.] (Mus.) A septet.
Septuple
Sep"tu*ple (?), a. [LL. septuplus; cf. Gr. septuple. Cf. Double,
Quadruple.] Seven times as much; multiplied by seven; sevenfold.
Septuple
Sep"tu*ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Septupled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Septupling (?).] To multiply by seven; to make sevenfold. Sir J.
Herschel.
Sepulcher, Sepulchre
Sep"ul*cher, Sep"ul*chre (?), n. [OE. sepulcre, OF. sepulcre, F.
s\'82pulcre, fr. L. sepulcrum, sepulchrum, fr. sepelire to bury.] The
place in which the dead body of a human being is interred, or a place
set apart for that purpose; a grave; a tomb.
The stony entrance of this sepulcher. Shak.
The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was
yet dark, unto the sepulcher. John xx. 1.
A whited sepulcher. Fig.: Any person who is fair outwardly but unclean
or vile within. See Matt. xxiii.27.
Sepulcher, Sepulchre
Sep"ul*cher, Sep"ul*chre (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sepulchered (?) or
Sepulchred (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sepulchering (?) or Sepulchring (.] To
bury; to inter; to entomb; as, obscurely sepulchered.
And so sepulchered in such pomp dost lie That kings for such a tomb
would wish to die. Milton.
Sepulchral
Se*pul"chral (?), a. [L. sepulcralis: cf. F. s\'82pulcral.]
1. Of or pertaining to burial, to the grave, or to monuments erected
to the memory of the dead; as, a sepulchral stone; a sepulchral
inscription.
2. Unnaturally low and grave; hollow in tone; -- said of sound,
especially of the voice.
This exaggerated dulling of the voice . . . giving what is commonly
called a sepulchral tone. H. Sweet.
Sepulture
Sep"ul*ture (?), n. [F. s\'82pulture, L. sepultura, fr. sepelire,
sepultum, to bury.]
1. The act of depositing the dead body of a human being in the grave;
burial; interment.
Where we may royal sepulture prepare. Dryden.
2. A sepulcher; a grave; a place of burial.
Drunkeness that the horrible sepulture of man's reason. Chaucer.
Sequacious
Se*qua"cious (?), a. [L. sequax, -acis, fr. suquit to follow. See Sue
to follow. ]
1. Inclined to follow a leader; following; attendant.
Trees uprooted left their place, Sequacious of the lyre. Dryden.
2. Hence, ductile; malleable; pliant; manageable.
In the greater bodies the forge was easy, the matter being ductile
and sequacious. Ray.
3. Having or observing logical sequence; logically consistent and
rigorous; consecutive in development or transition of thought.
The scheme of pantheistic omniscience so prevalent among the
sequacious thinkers of the day. Sir W. Hamilton.
Milton was not an extensive or discursive thinker, as Shakespeare
was; for the motions of his mind were slow, solemn, and sequacious,
like those of the planets. De Quincey.
Sequaciousness
Se*qua"cious*ness, n. Quality of being sequacious.
Sequacity
Se*quac"i*ty (?), n. [L. sequacitas.] Quality or state of being
sequacious; sequaciousness. Bacon.
Sequel
Se"quel (?), n. [L. sequela, fr. sequit to follow: cf. F. s\'82quelle
a following. See Sue to follow.]
1. That which follows; a succeeding part; continuation; as, the sequel
of a man's advantures or history.
O, let me say no more! Gather the sequel by that went before. Shak.
2. Consequence; event; effect; result; as, let the sun cease, fail, or
swerve, and the sequel would be ruin.
3. Conclusion; inference. [R.] Whitgift.
Sequela
Se*que"la (?), n.; pl. Sequel\'91 (#). [L., a follower, a result, from
sequit to follow.] One who, or that which, follows. Specifically: (a)
An adherent, or a band or sect of adherents. "Coleridge and his
sequela." G. P. Marsh. (b) That which follows as the logical result of
reasoning; inference; conclusion; suggestion.
Sequel\'91, or thoughts suggested by the preceding aphorisms.
Coleridge.
(c) (Med.) A morbid phenomenon left as the result of a disease; a
disease resulting from another.
Sequence
Se"quence (?), n. [F. s\'82quence, L. sequentia, fr. sequens. See
Sequent.]
1. The state of being sequent; succession; order of following;
arrangement.
How art thou a king But by fair sequence and succession? Shak.
Sequence and series of the seasons of the year. Bacon.
2. That which follows or succeeds as an effect; sequel; consequence;
result.
The inevitable sequences of sin and punishment. Bp. Hall.
3. (Philos.) Simple succession, or the coming after in time, without
asserting or implying causative energy; as, the reactions of chemical
agents may be conceived as merely invariable sequences.
4. (Mus.) (a) Any succession of chords (or harmonic phrase) rising or
falling by the regular diatonic degrees in the same scale; a
succession of similar harmonic steps. (b) A melodic phrase or passage
successively repeated one tone higher; a rosalia.
5. (R.C.Ch.) A hymn introduced in the Mass on certain festival days,
and recited or sung immediately before the gospel, and after the
gradual or introit, whence the name. Bp. Fitzpatrick.
Originally the sequence was called a Prose, because its early form
was rhythmical prose. Shipley.
6. (Card Playing) (a) (Whist) Three or more cards of the same suit in
immediately consecutive order of value; as, ace, king, and queen; or
knave, ten, nine, and eight. (b) (Poker) All five cards, of a hand, in
consecutive order as to value, but not necessarily of the same suit;
when of one suit, it is called a sequence flush. <-- sequence is usu.
called a run, and five are now called straight and straight flush -->
Sequent
Se"quent (?), a. [L. sequens, -entis, p. pr. of sequi to follow. See
Sue to follow.]
1. Following; succeeding; in continuance.
What to this was sequent Thou knowest already. Shak.
2. Following as an effect; consequent.
Sequent
Se"quent, n.
1. A follower. [R.] Shak.
2. That which follows as a result; a sequence.
Sequential
Se*quen"tial (?), a. Succeeding or following in order. --
Se*quen"tial*ly, adv.
Sequester
Se*ques"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sequestered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sequestering.] [F. s\'82questrer, L. sequestrare to give up for safe
keeping, from sequester a depositary or trustee in whose hands the
thing contested was placed until the dispute was settled. Cf.
Sequestrate.]
1. (Law) To separate from the owner for a time; to take from parties
in controversy and put into the possession of an indifferent person;
to seize or take possession of, as property belonging to another, and
hold it till the profits have paid the demand for which it is taken,
or till the owner has performed the decree of court, or clears himself
of contempt; in international law, to confiscate.
Formerly the goods of a defendant in chancery were, in the last
resort, sequestered and detained to enforce the decrees of the
court. And now the profits of a benefice are sequestered to pay the
debts of ecclesiastics. Blackstone.
2. To cause (one) to submit to the process of sequestration; to
deprive (one) of one's estate, property, etc.
It was his tailor and his cook, his fine fashions and his French
ragouts, which sequestered him. South.
3. To set apart; to put aside; to remove; to separate from other
things.
I had wholly sequestered my civil affairss. Bacon.
4. To cause to retire or withdraw into obscurity; to seclude; to
withdraw; -- often used reflexively.
When men most sequester themselves from action. Hooker.
A love and desire to sequester a man's self for a higher
conversation. Bacon.
<-- 5. (Chem.) To bind, so as to make [a metal ion] unavailable in its
normal form; -- said of chelating agents, such as EDTA, which, in a
solution, bind tightly to multivalent metal cations, thereby lowering
their effective concentration in solution. Compounds employed
particularly for this purpose are called sequestering agents, or
chelating agents. In biochemistry, sequestration is one means of
reversibly inhibiting enzymes which depend on divalent metal cations
(such as Magnesium) for their activity. Such agents are used, for
example, to help preserve blood for storage and subsequent use in
transfusion. -->
Sequester
Se*ques"ter, v. i.
1. To withdraw; to retire. [Obs.]
To sequester out of the world into Atlantic and Utopian politics.
Milton.
2. (Law) To renounce (as a widow may) any concern with the estate of
her husband.
Sequester
Se*ques"ter, n.
1. Sequestration; separation. [R.]
2. (Law) A person with whom two or more contending parties deposit the
subject matter of the controversy; one who mediates between two
parties; a mediator; an umpire or referee. Bouvier.
3. (Med.) Same as Sequestrum.
Sequestered
Se*ques"tered (?), a. Retired; secluded. "Sequestered scenes." Cowper.
Along the cool, sequestered vale of life. Gray.
Sequestrable
Se*ques"tra*ble (?), a. Capable of being sequestered; subject or
liable to sequestration.
Sequestral
Se*ques"tral (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a sequestrum. Quian.
Sequestrate
Se*ques"trate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sequestrated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Sequestrating.] To sequester.
Seguestration
Seg`ues*tra"tion (?), n. [L. sequestratio: cf. F. s\'82questration.]
1. (a) (Civil & Com. Law) The act of separating, or setting aside, a
thing in controversy from the possession of both the parties that
contend for it, to be delivered to the one adjudged entitled to it. It
may be voluntary or involuntary. (b) (Chancery) A prerogative process
empowering certain commissioners to take and hold a defendant's
property and receive the rents and profits thereof, until he clears
himself of a contempt or performs a decree of the court. (c) (Eccl.
Law) A kind of execution for a rent, as in the case of a beneficed
clerk, of the profits of a benefice, till he shall have satisfied some
debt established by decree; the gathering up of the fruits of a
benefice during a vacancy, for the use of the next incumbent; the
disposing of the goods, by the ordinary, of one who is dead, whose
estate no man will meddle with. Craig. Tomlins. Wharton. (d) (Intrnat.
Law) The seizure of the property of an individual for the use of the
state; particularly applied to the seizure, by a belligerent power, of
debts due from its subjects to the enemy. Burrill.
2. The state of being separated or set aside; separation; retirement;
seclusion from society.
Since Henry Monmouth first began to reign, . . . This loathsome
sequestration have I had. Shak.
3. Disunion; disjunction. [Obs.] Boyle. <-- 4. (Chem.) the act or
process of sequestering (v. t. sense 5) -->
Sequestrator
Seq"ues*tra`tor (?), n. [L., one that hinders or impedes.] (Law) (a)
One who sequesters property, or takes the possession of it for a time,
to satisfy a demand out of its rents or profits. (b) One to whom the
keeping of sequestered property is committed.
Sequestrum
Se*ques"trum (?), n.; pl. Sequestra (#). [NL. See Sequester.] (Med.) A
portion of dead bone which becomes separated from the sound portion,
as in necrosis.
Sequin
Se"quin (?), n. [F. sequin, It. zecchino, from zecca the mint, fr. Ar.
sekkah, sikkah, a die, a stamp. Cf. Zechin.] An old gold coin of Italy
and Turkey. It was first struck at Venice about the end of the 13th
century, and afterward in the other Italian cities, and by the Levant
trade was introduced into Turkey. It is worth about 9s. 3d. sterling,
or about $2.25. The different kinds vary somewhat in value. [Written
also chequin, and zequin.]
Sequoia
Se*quoi"a (?), n. [NL. So called by Dr. Endlicher in honor of
Sequoyah, who invented the Cherokee alphabet.] (Bot.) A genus of
coniferous trees, consisting of two species, Sequoia Washingtoniana,
syn. S. gigantea, the "big tree" of California, and S. sempervirens,
the redwood, both of which attain an immense height.
Sequoi\'89ne
Se*quoi"\'89ne (?), n. (Chem.) A hydrocarbon (C13H10) obtained in
white fluorescent crystals, in the distillation products of the
needles of the California "big tree" (Sequoia gigantea).
Seraglio
Se*ragl"io (?), n. [It. serraglio, originally, an inclosure of
palisades, afterwards also, a palace, seraglio (by confusion with Per.
ser\'be\'8ba a palace, an entirely different word), fr. serrare to
shut, fr. LL. serra a bar for fastening doors, L. sera. See Serry,
Series.]
1. An inclosure; a place of separation. [Obs.]
I went to the Ghetto, where the Jews dwell as in a suburb, by
themselves. I passed by the piazza Judea, where their seraglio
begins. Evelyn.
2. The palace of the Grand Seignior, or Turkish sultan, at
Constantinople, inhabited by the sultan himself, and all the officers
and dependents of his court. In it are also kept the females of the
harem.
3. A harem; a place for keeping wives or concubines; sometimes,
loosely, a place of licentious pleasure; a house of debauchery.
Serai
Se*ra"i (?), n. [Per. ser\'be\'8b, or sar\'be\'8b, a palace, a king's
court, a seraglio, an inn. Cf. Caravansary.] A palace; a seraglio;
also, in the East, a place for the accommodation of travelers; a
caravansary, or rest house.
Seralbumen
Ser`al*bu"men (?), n. (Physiol. CHem.) Serum albumin.
Serang
Se*rang" (?), n. [Per. sarhang a commander.] The boatswain of a Lascar
or East Ondian crew.
Serape
Se*ra"pe (?), n. [Sp. Amer. sarape.] A blanket or shawl worn as an
outer garment by the Spanish Americans, as in Mexico.
Seraph
Ser"aph (?), n.; pl. E. Seraphs (#), Heb. Seraphim (#). [Heb.
ser\'bephim, pl.] One of an order of celestial beings, each having
three pairs of wings. In ecclesiastical art and in poetry, a seraph is
represented as one of a class of angels. Isa. vi. 2.
As full, as perfect, in vile man that mourns, As the rapt seraph
that adores and burns. Pope.
Seraph moth (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of geometrid moths
of the genus Lobophora, having the hind wings deeply bilobed, so that
they seem to have six wings.
Seraphic, Seraphical
Se*raph"ic (?), Se*raph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82raphique.] Of or
pertaining to a seraph; becoming, or suitable to, a seraph; angelic;
sublime; pure; refined. "Seraphic arms and trophies." Milton.
"Seraphical fervor." Jer. Taylor. -- Se*raph"ic*al*ly, adv. --
Se*raph"ic*al*ness, n.
Seraphicism
Se*raph"i*cism (?), n. The character, quality, or state of a seraph;
seraphicalness. [R.] Cudworth.
Seraphim
Ser"a*phim (?), n. The Hebrew plural of Seraph. Cf. Cherubim.
NOTE: &hand; The double plural form seraphims is sometimes used, as
in the King James version of the Bible, Isa. vi. 2 and 6.
_________________________________________________________________
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Seraphina
Ser`a*phi"na (?), n. [NL.] A seraphine.
Seraphine
Ser"a*phine (?), n. [From Seraph.] (Mus.) A wind instrument whose
sounding parts are reeds, consisting of a thin tongue of brass playing
freely through a slot in a plate. It has a case, like a piano, and is
played by means of a similar keybord, the bellows being worked by the
foot. The melodeon is a portable variety of this instrument.
Serapis
Se*ra"pis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Myth.) An Egyptian deity, at first a
symbol of the Nile, and so of fertility; later, one of the divinities
of the lower world. His worship was introduced into Greece and Rome.
Seraskier
Se*ras"kier (?), n. [Turk., fr. Per. ser head, chief + Ar. 'asker an
army.] A general or commander of land forces in the Turkish empire;
especially, the commander-in-chief of minister of war.
Seraskierate
Se*ras"kier*ate (?), n. The office or authority of a seraskier.
Serbonian
Ser*bo"ni*an (?), a. Relating to the lake of Serbonis in Egypt, which
by reason of the sand blowing into it had a deceptive appearance of
being solid land, but was a bog.
A gulf profound as that Serbonian bog . . . Where armies whole have
sunk. Milton.
Sere
Sere (?), a. Dry; withered. Same as Sear.
But with its sound it shook the sails That were so thin and sere.
Coleridge.
Sere
Sere, n. [F. serre.] Claw; talon. [Obs.] Chapman.
Serein
Se*rein" (?), n. [F. Cf. Serenade, n.] (Meteorol.) A mist, or very
fine rain, which sometimes falls from a clear sky a few moments after
sunset. Tyndall.
Serenade
Ser`*enade" (?), n. [F. s\'82r\'82nade, It. serenata, probably fr. L.
serenus serene (cf. Serene), misunderstood as a derivative fr. L.
serus late. Cf. Soir\'82e.] (Mus.) (a) Music sung or performed in the
open air at nights; -- usually applied to musical entertainments given
in the open air at night, especially by gentlemen, in a spirit of
gallantry, under the windows of ladies. (b) A piece of music suitable
to be performed at such times.
Serenade
Ser`e*nade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Serenaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Serenading.] To entertain with a serenade.
Serenade
Ser`e*nade", v. i. To perform a serenade.
Serenader
Ser`e*nad"er (?), n. One who serenades.
Serenata, Serenate
Ser`e*na"ta (?), Ser"e*nate (?), n. [It. serenata. See Serenade.]
(Mus.) A piece of vocal music, especially one on an amoreus subject; a
serenade.
Or serenate, which the starved lover sings To his pround fair.
Milton.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me se renata was given by Italian composers in
the time of Handel, and by Handel himself, to a cantata of a
pastoreal of dramatic character, to a secular ode, etc.; also by
Mozart and others to an orchectral composition, in several
movements, midway between the suite of an earlier period and the
modern symphony.
Grove.
Serene
Se*rene" (?), a. [L. serenus to grow dry, Gr.
1. Bright; clear; unabscured; as, a serene sky.
The moon serene in glory mounts the sky. Pope.
Full many a gem of purest ray serene The dark unfathomed caves of
ocean bear. Gray.
2. Calm; placid; undisturbed; unruffled; as, a serene aspect; a serene
soul. Milton.
NOTE: &hand; In se veral countries of Europe, Serene is given as a
tittle to princes and the members of their families; as, His Serene
Highness.
Drop serene. (Med.) See Amaurosis. Milton.
Serene
Se*rene", n.
1. Serenity; clearness; calmness. [Poetic.] "The serene of heaven."
Southey.
To their master is denied To share their sweet serene. Young.
2. [F. serein evening dew or damp. See Serein.] Evening air; night
chill. [Obs.] "Some serene blast me." B. Jonson.
Serene
Se*rene", v. t. [L. serenare.] To make serene.
Heaven and earth, as if contending, vie To raise his being, and
serene his soul. Thomson.
Serenely
Se*rene"ly, adv.
1. In a serene manner; clearly.
Now setting Ph&oe;bus shone serenely bright. Pope.
2. With unruffled temper; coolly; calmly. Prior.
Sereneness
Se*rene"ness, n. Serenity. Feltham.
Serenitude
Se*ren"i*tude (?), n. Serenity. [Obs.]
Serenity
Se*ren"i*ty (?), n. [L. serenuas: cf. F. s\'82r\'82nit\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being serene; clearness and calmness;
quietness; stillness; peace.
A general peace and serenity newly succeeded a general trouble. Sir
W. Temple.
2. Calmness of mind; eveness of temper; undisturbed state; coolness;
composure.
I can not see how any men should ever transgress those moral rules
with confidence and serenity. Locke.
NOTE: &hand; Serenity is given as a title to the members of certain
princely families in Europe; as, Your Serenity.
Serf
Serf (?), n. [F., fr. L. serus servant, slave; akin to servare to
protect, preserve, observe, and perhaps originally, a client, a man
under one's protection. Cf. Serve, v. t.] A servant or slave employed
in husbandry, and in some countries attached to the soil and
transferred with it, as formerly in Russia.
In England, at least from the reign of Henry II, one only, and that
the inferior species [of villeins], existed . . . But by the
customs of France and Germany, persons in this abject state seem to
have been called serfs, and distinguished from villeins, who were
only bound to fixed payments and duties in respect of their lord,
though, as it seems, without any legal redress if injured by him.
Hallam.
Syn. -- Serf, Slave. A slave is the absolute property of his master,
and may be sold in any way. A serf, according to the strict sense of
the term, is one bound to work on a certain estate, and thus attached
to the soil, and sold with it into the service of whoever purchases
the land.
Serfage, Serfdom
Serf"age (?), Serf"dom (?), n. The state or condition of a serf.
Serfhood, Serfism
Serf"hood (?), Serf"ism (, n. Serfage.
Serge
Serge (?), n. [F. serge, sarge, originally, a silken stuff, fr. L.
serica, f. or neut. pl. of sericus silken. See Sericeous, Silk.] A
woolen twilled stuff, much used as material for clothing for both
sexes. Silk serge, a twilled silk fabric used mostly by tailors for
lining parts of gentlemen's coats.
Serge
Serge, n. [F. cierge.] A large wax candle used in the ceremonies of
various churches.
Sergeancy
Ser"gean*cy (?), n.; pl. Sergeancies (#). [Cf. Sergeanty.] The office
of a sergeant; sergeantship. [Written also serjeancy.]
Sergeant
Ser"geant (?), n. [F. sergent, fr. L. serviens, -entis, p. pr. of
servire to serve. See Serve, and cf. Servant.] [Written also serjeant.
Both spellings are authorized. In England serjeant is usually
preferred, except for military officers. In the United States sergeant
is common for civil officers also.]
1. Formerly, in England, an officer nearly answering to the more
modern bailiff of the hundred; also, an officer whose duty was to
attend on the king, and on the lord high steward in court, to arrest
traitors and other offenders. He is now called sergeant-at-arms, and
two of these officers, by allowance of the sovereign, attend on the
houses of Parliament (one for each house) to execute their commands,
and another attends the Court Chancery.
The sergeant of the town of Rome them sought. Chaucer.
The magistrates sent the serjeant, saying, Let those men go. Acts
xvi. 35.
This fell sergeant, Death, Is strict in his arrest. Shak.
2. (Mil.) In a company, battery, or troop, a noncommissioned officer
next in rank above a corporal, whose duty is to instruct recruits in
discipline, to form the ranks, etc.
NOTE: &hand; In th e Un ited States service, besides the sergeants
belonging to the companies there are, in each regiment, a sergeant
major, who is the chief noncommissioned officer, and has important
duties as the assistant to the adjutant; a quartermaster sergeant,
who assists the quartermaster; a color sergeant, who carries the
colors; and a commissary sergeant, who assists in the care and
distribution of the stores. Ordnance sergeants have charge of the
ammunition at military posts.
3. (Law) A lawyer of the highest rank, answering to the doctor of the
civil law; -- called also serjeant at law. [Eng.] Blackstone.
4. A title sometimes given to the servants of the sovereign; as,
sergeant surgeon, that is, a servant, or attendant, surgeon. [Eng.]
5. (Zo\'94l.) The cobia.
Drill sergeant. (Mil.) See under Drill. -- Sergeant-at-arms, an
officer of a legislative body, or of a deliberative or judicial
assembly, who executes commands in preserving order and arresting
offenders. See Sergeant, 1. -- Sergeant major. (a) (Mil.) See the Note
under def. 2, above. (b) (Zo\'94l.) The cow pilot.
Sergeantcy
Ser"geant*cy (?), n. Same as Sergeancy.
Sergeantry
Ser"geant*ry (?), n. [CF. OF. sergenteric.] See Sergeanty. [R.]
[Written also serjeantry.]
Sergeantship
Ser"geant*ship, n. The office of sergeant.
Sergeanty
Ser"geant*y (?), n. [Cf. OF. sergentie, LL. sergentia. See Sergeant.]
(Eng. Law) Tenure of lands of the crown by an honorary kind of service
not due to any lord, but to the king only. [Written also serjeanty.]
Grand sergeanty, a particular kind of tenure by which the tenant was
bound to do some special honorary service to the king in person, as to
carry his banner, his sword, or the like. Tomlins. Cowell. Blackstone.
-- Petit sergeanty. See under Petit.
Serial
Se"ri*al (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a series; consisting of a series; appearing in
successive parts or numbers; as, a serial work or publication.
"Classification . . . may be more or less serial." H. Spencer.
2. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to rows. Gray.
Serial homology. (Biol.) See under Homology. -- Serial symmetry.
(Biol.) See under Symmetry.
Serial
Se"ri*al, n. A publication appearing in a series or succession of
part; a tale, or other writing, published in successive numbers of a
periodical.
Seriality
Se`ri*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of succession in a series;
sequence. H. Spenser.
Serially
Se"ri*al*ly, adv. In a series, or regular order; in a serial manner;
as, arranged serially; published serially.
Seriate
Se"ri*ate (?), a. Arranged in a series or succession; pertaining to a
series. -- Se"ri*ate*ly, adv.
Seriatim
Se`ri*a"tim (?), adv. [NL.] In regular order; one after the other;
severally.
Seriation
Se`ri*a"tion (?), n. (Chem.) Arrangement or position in a series.
Sericeous
Se*ri"ceous (?), a. [L. sericus silken, sericum Seric stuff, silk, fr.
Sericus belonging to the Seres, Gr. Silk, Serge a woolen stuff.]
1. Of or pertaining to silk; consisting of silk; silky.
2. (Bot.) Covered with very soft hairs pressed close to the surface;
as, a sericeous leaf.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Having a silklike luster, usually due to fine, close
hairs.
Sericin
Ser"i*cin (?), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Chem.) A gelatinous
nitrogenous material extracted from crude silk and other similar fiber
by boiling water; -- called also silk gelatin.
Sericite
Ser"i*cite (?), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Min.) A kind of muscovite
occuring in silky scales having a fibrous structure. It is
characteristic of sericite schist.
Sericterium
Ser`ic*te"ri*um (?), n. [See Sericeous.] (Zo\'94l.) A silk gland, as
in the silkworms.
Sericulture
Ser"i*cul`ture (?), n. [See Sericeous, and Culture.] The raising of
silkworms.
Serie
Se"rie (?), n. [Cf. F. s\'82rie.] Series. [Obs.]
Seriema
Ser`i*e"ma (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A large South American
bird (Dicholophus, OR Cariama cristata) related to the cranes. It is
often domesticated. Called also cariama.
Series
Se"ries (?), n. [L. series, fr. serere, sertum, to join or bind
together; cf. Gr. sarit thread. Cf. Assert, Desert a solitude, Exert,
Insert, Seraglio.]
1. A number of things or events standing or succeeding in order, and
connected by a like relation; sequence; order; course; a succession of
things; as, a continuous series of calamitous events.
During some years his life a series of triumphs. Macaulay.
2. (Biol.) Any comprehensive group of animals or plants including
several subordinate related groups.
NOTE: &hand; Sometimes a series includes several classes; sometimes
only orders or families; in other cases only species.
3. (Math.) An indefinite number of terms succeeding one another, each
of which is derived from one or more of the preceding by a fixed law,
called the law of the series; as, an arithmetical series; a
geometrical series.
Serin
Ser"in (?), n. [F. serin.] (Zo\'94l.) A European finch (Serinus
hortulanus) closely related to the canary.
Serine
Ser"ine (?), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
nitrogenous substance obtained by the action of dilute sulphuric acid
on silk gelatin<-- an amino acid -->.
Serio-comic, Serio-comical
Se`ri*o-com"ic (?), Se`ri*o-com"ic*al (?), a. Having a mixture of
seriousness and sport; serious and comical.
Serious
Se"ri*ous (?), a. [L. serius: cf. F. s\'82rieux, LL. seriosus.]
1. Grave in manner or disposition; earnest; thoughtful; solemn; not
light, gay, or volatile.
He is always serious, yet there is about his manner a graceful
ease. Macaulay.
2. Really intending what is said; being in earnest; not jesting or
deceiving. Beaconsfield.
3. Important; weighty; not trifling; grave.
The holy Scriptures bring to our ears the most serious things in
the world. Young.
4. Hence, giving rise to apprehension; attended with danger; as, a
serious injury. Syn. -- Grave; solemn; earnest; sedate; important;
weighty. See Grave. -- Se"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Se"ri*ous*ness, n.
Seriph
Ser"iph (?), n. (Type Founding) See Ceriph.
Serjeant, Serjeantcy
Ser"jeant (?), Ser"jeant*cy, etc.See Sergeant, Sergeantcy, etc.
Serjeant-at-arms. See Sergeant-at-arms, under Sergeant.
Sermocination
Ser*moc`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. sermocinatio. See Sermon.] The making of
speeches or sermons; sermonizing. [Obs.] Peacham.
Sermocinator
Ser*moc"i*na`tor (?), n. [L.] One who makes sermons or speeches.
[Obs.] Howell.
Sermon
Ser"mon (?), n. [OE. sermoun, sermun, F. sermon, fr. L. sermo, -onis,
a speaking, discourse, probably fr. serer, sertum, to join, connect;
hence, a connected speech. See Series.]
1. A discourse or address; a talk; a writing; as, the sermens of
Chaucer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. Specifically, a discourse delivered in public, usually by a
clergyman, for the purpose of religious instruction and grounded on
some text or passage of Scripture.
This our life exempt from public haunts Finds tongues in trees,
books in the running brooks, Sermons in stones and good in
everything. Shak.
His preaching much, but more his practice, wrought, A living sermon
of the truths he taught. Dryden.
3. Hence, a serious address; a lecture on one's conduct or duty; an
exhortation or reproof; a homily; -- often in a depreciatory sense.
Sermon
Ser"mon, v. i. [Cf. OF. sermoner, F. sermonner to lecture one.] To
speak; to discourse; to compose or deliver a sermon. [Obs.] Holinshed.
What needeth it to sermon of it more? Chaucer.
Sermon
Ser"mon, v. t.
1. To discourse to or of, as in a sermon. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To tutor; to lecture. [Poetic] Shak.
Sermoneer
Ser`mon*eer" (?), n. A sermonizer. B. Jonson.
Sermoner
Ser"mon*er (?), n. A preacher; a sermonizer. [Derogative or Jocose.]
Thackeray.
Sermonet
Ser`mon*et" (?), n. A short sermon. [Written also sermonette.]
Sermonic, Sermonical
Ser*mon"ic (?), Ser*mon"ic*al (?), a. Like, or appropriate to, a
sermon; grave and didactic. [R.] "Conversation . . . satirical or
sermonic." Prof. Wilson. "Sermonical style." V. Knox.
Sermoning
Ser"mon*ing (?), n. The act of discoursing; discourse; instruction;
preaching. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sermonish
Ser"mon*ish, a. Resembling a sermon. [R.]
Sermonist
Ser"mon*ist, n. See Sermonizer.
Sermonize
Ser"mon*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sermonized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sermonizing (?).]
1. To compose or write a sermon or sermons; to preach.
2. To inculcate rigid rules. [R.] Chesterfield.
Sermonize
Ser"mon*ize, v. t. To preach or discourse to; to affect or influence
by means of a sermon or of sermons. [R.]
Which of us shall sing or sermonize the other fast asleep? Landor.
Sermonizer
Ser"mon*i`zer (?), n. One who sermonizes.
Serolin
Ser"o*lin (?), n. [Serum + L. oleum oil.] (Physiol. Chem.) (a) A
peculiar fatty substance found in the blood, probably a mixture of
fats, cholesterin, etc. (b) A body found in fecal matter and thought
to be formed in the intestines from the cholesterin of the bile; --
called also stercorin, and stercolin.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1315
Seron, Seroon
Se*ron" (?), Se*roon" (?), n. [Sp. seron a kind of hamper or pannier,
aug. of sera a large pannier or basket.] Same as Ceroon.
NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd as expressing a quantity or weight has no
definite signification.
McElrath.
Serose
Se"rose` (?), a. Serous. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Serosity
Se*ros"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. serosit\'82. See Serous.]
1. The quality or state of being serous.
2. (Physiol.) A thin watery animal fluid, as synovial fluid and
pericardial fluid.
Serotine
Ser"o*tine (?), n. [F. s\'82rotine, fr. L. serotinus that comes or
happens late.] (Zo\'94l.) The European long-eared bat (Vesperugo
serotinus).
Serotinous
Se*rot"i*nous (?), a. [L. serotinus, fr. serus late.] (Biol.)
Appearing or blossoming later in the season than is customary with
allied species.
Serous
Se"rous (?), a. [Cf. F. s\'82reux. See Serum.] (Physiol.) (a) Thin;
watery; like serum; as the serous fluids. (b) Of or pertaining to
serum; as, the serous glands, membranes, layers. See Serum. Serous
membrane. (Anat.) See under Membrane.
Serow, Surrow
Ser"ow (?), Sur"row (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The thar.
Serpens
Ser"pens (?), n. [L. See Serpent.] (Astron.) A constellation
represented as a serpent held by Serpentarius.
Serpent
Ser"pent (?), n. [F., fr. L. serpens, -entis (sc. bestia), fr.
serpens, p. pr. of serpere to creep; akin to Gr. sarp, and perhaps to
L. repere, E. reptile. Cf. Herpes.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any reptile of the order Ophidia; a snake, especially a
large snake. See Illust. under Ophidia.
NOTE: &hand; Th e se rpents ar e mo stly long and slender, and move
partly by bending the body into undulations or folds and pressing
them against objects, and partly by using the free edges of their
ventral scales to cling to rough surfaces. Many species glide
swiftly over the ground, some burrow in the earth, others live in
trees. A few are entirely aquatic, and swim rapidly. See Ophidia,
and Fang.
2. Fig.: A subtle, treacherous, malicious person.
3. A species of firework having a serpentine motion as it passess
through the air or along the ground.
4. (Astron.) The constellation Serpens.
5. (Mus.) A bass wind instrument, of a loud and coarse tone, formerly
much used in military bands, and sometimes introduced into the
orchestra; -- so called from its form.
Pharaoh's serpent (Chem.), mercuric sulphocyanate, a combustible white
substance which in burning gives off a poisonous vapor and leaves a
peculiar brown voluminous residue which is expelled in a serpentine
from. It is employed as a scientific toy. -- Serpent cucumber (Bot.),
the long, slender, serpentine fruit of the cucurbitaceous plant
Trichosanthes colubrina; also, the plant itself. -- Serpent eage
(Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of raptorial birds of the
genera Circa\'89tus and Spilornis, which prey on serpents. They
inhabit Africa, Southern Europe, and India. The European serpent eagle
is Circa\'89tus Gallicus. -- Serpent eater. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The
secretary bird. (b) An Asiatic antelope; the markhoor. -- Serpent fish
(Zo\'94l.), a fish (Cepola rubescens) with a long, thin, compressed
body, and a band of red running lengthwise. -- Serpent star
(Zo\'94l.), an ophiuran; a brittle star. -- Serpent's tongue
(Paleon.), the fossil tooth of a shark; -- so called from its
resemblance to a tongue with its root. -- Serpent withe (Bot.), a West
Indian climbing plant (Aristolochia odoratissima). -- Tree serpent
(Zo\'94l.), any species of African serpents belonging to the family
Dendrophid\'91.
Serpent
Ser"pent, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Serpented; p. pr. & vb. n. Serpenting.]
To wind like a serpent; to crook about; to meander. [R.] "The
serpenting of the Thames." Evelyn.
Serpent
Ser"pent, v. t. To wind; to encircle. [R.] Evelyn.
Serpentaria
Ser`pen*ta"ri*a (?), a.[L. (sc. herba), fr. serpens serpent.] (Med.)
The fibrous aromatic root of the Virginia snakeroot (Aristolochia
Serpentaria).
Serpentarius
Ser`pen*ta"ri*us (?), n.[NL., fr. L. serpens serpent.] (Astron.) A
constellation on the equator, lying between Scorpio and Hercules; --
called also Ophiuchus.
Serpentiform
Ser*pen"ti*form (?), a. [L. serpens a serpent + -form.] Having the
form of a serpent.
Serpentigenous
Ser`pen*tig"e*nous (?), a. [L. serpens, -entis, a serpent + -genous:
cf. L. serpentigena.] Bred of a serpent.
Serpentine
Ser"pen*tine (?), a. [L. serpentinus: cf. F. serpentin.] Resembling a
serpent; having the shape or qualities of a serpent; subtle; winding
or turning one way and the other, like a moving serpent; anfractuous;
meandering; sinuous; zigzag; as, serpentine braid.
Thy shape Like his, and color serpentine. Milton.
Serpentine
Ser"pen*tine, n. [Cf. (for sense 1) F. serpentine, (for sense 2)
serpentin.]
1. (Min.) A mineral or rock consisting chiefly of the hydrous silicate
of magnesia. It is usually of an obscure green color, often with a
spotted or mottled appearance resembling a serpent's skin. Precious,
or noble, serpentine is translucent and of a rich oil-green color.
NOTE: &hand; Serpentine has been largely produced by the alteration
of other minerals, especially of chrysolite.
2. (Ordnance) A kind of ancient cannon.
Serpentine
Ser"pen*tine, v. i. To serpentize. [R.] Lyttleton.
Serpentinely
Ser"pen*tine*ly, adv. In a serpentine manner.
Serpentinian
Ser`pen*tin"i*an (?), n. (Eccl.) See 2d Ophite.
Serpentinize
Ser"pen*tin*ize (?), v. t. (Min.) To convert (a magnesian silicate)
into serpentine. -- Ser`pen*tin`i*za"tion (#), n.
Serpentinous
Ser"pen*ti`nous (?), a. Relating to, or like, serpentine; as, a rock
serpentinous in character.
Serpentize
Ser"pent*ize (?), v. i. To turn or bend like a serpent, first in one
direction and then in the opposite; to meander; to wind; to
serpentine. [R.]
The river runs before the door, and serpentizes more than you can
conceive. Walpole.
Serpentry
Ser"pent*ry (?), n.
1. A winding like a serpent's.
2. A place inhabited or infested by serpents.
Serpent-tongued
Ser"pent-tongued` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a forked tongue, like a
serpent.
Serpet
Ser"pet (?), n. [L. sirpus, scirpus, a rush, bulrush.] A basket.
[Obs.] Ainsworth.
Serpette
Ser*pette" (?), n. [F.] A pruning knife with a curved blade. Knight.
Serpiginous
Ser*pig"i*nous (?), a. [Cf. F. serpigineux.] (Med.) Creeping; -- said
of lesions which heal over one portion while continuing to advance at
another.
Serpigo
Ser*pi"go (?), n. [LL., fr. L. serpere to creep.] (Med.) A dry, scaly
eruption on the skin; especially, a ringworm.
Serpolet
Ser"po*let (?), n. [F.] (Bot.) Wild thyme.
Serpula
Ser"pu*la (?), n.; pl. Serpul\'91 (#), E. Serpulas (#). [L., a little
snake. See Serpent.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
tubicolous annelids of the genus Serpula and allied genera of the
family Serpulid\'91. They secrete a calcareous tube, which is usually
irregularly contorted, but is sometimes spirally coiled. The worm has
a wreath of plumelike and often bright-colored gills around its head,
and usually an operculum to close the aperture of its tube when it
retracts.
Serpulian, Serpulidan
Ser*pu"li*an (?), Ser*pu"li*dan (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A serpula.
Serpulite
Ser"pu*lite (?), n. A fossil serpula shell.
Serr
Serr (?), v. t. [F. serrer. See Serry.] To crowd, press, or drive
together. [Obs.] Bacon.
Serranoid
Ser*ra"noid (?), n. [NL. Serranus, a typical genus (fr. L. serra a
saw) + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the family Serranid\'91, which
includes the striped bass, the black sea bass, and many other food
fishes. -- a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Serranid\'91.
Serrate, Serrated
Ser"rate (?), Ser"ra*ted (?), a. [L. serratus, fr. serra a saw;
perhaps akin to secare to cut, E. saw a cutting instrument. Cf.
Sierra.]
1. Notched on the edge, like a saw.
2. (Bot.) Beset with teeth pointing forwards or upwards; as, serrate
leaves.
Doubly serrate, having small serratures upon the large ones, as the
leaves of the elm. -- Serrate-ciliate, having fine hairs, like the
eyelashes, on the serratures; -- said of a leaf. -- Serrate-dentate,
having the serratures toothed.
Serration
Ser*ra"tion (?), n.
1. Condition of being serrate; formation in the shape of a saw.
2. One of the teeth in a serrate or serrulate margin.
Serratirostral
Ser*ra`ti*ros"tral (?), a. [Serrate + rostral.] (Zo\'94l.) Having a
toothed bill, like that of a toucan.
Serrator
Ser*ra"tor (?), n. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The ivory gull (Larus eburneus).
Serrature
Ser"ra*ture (?), n. [L. serratura a sawing, fr. serrare to saw.]
1. A notching, like that between the teeth of a saw, in the edge of
anything. Martyn.
2. One of the teeth in a serrated edge; a serration.
Serricated
Ser"ri*ca`ted (?), a. [See Sericeous.] Covered with fine silky down.
Serricorn
Ser"ri*corn (?), a. [L. serra saw + cornu horn.] (Zo\'94l.) Having
serrated antenn
Serricorn
Ser"ri*corn, n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of a numerous tribe of beetles
(Serricornia). The joints of the antenn\'91 are prominent, thus
producing a serrate appearance. See Illust. under Antenna.
Serried
Ser"ried (?), a. [See Serry.] Crowded; compact; dense; pressed
together.
Nor seemed it to relax their serried files. Milton.
Serrifera
Ser*rif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. serra saw + ferre to bear.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of Hymenoptera comprising the sawflies.
Serrirostres
Ser`ri*ros"tres (?), n. pl. [NL. fr. L. serra saw + rostrum beak.]
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Lamellirostres.
Serrous
Ser"rous (?), a. [L. serra a saw.] Like the teeth off a saw; jagged.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Serrula
Ser"ru*la (?), n. [L., a little saw.] (Zo\'94l.) The red-breasted
merganser.
Serrulate, Serrulated
Ser"rulate (?), Ser"ru*la`ted (?), a. [L. serrula a lttle saw, dim. of
serra a saw.] Finely serrate; having very minute teeth.
Serrulation
Ser`ru*la"tion (?), n.
1. The state of being notched minutely, like a fine saw. Wright.
2. One of the teeth in a serrulate margin.
Serry
Ser"ry (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Serried (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Serrying.] [F. serrer, LL. serrare, serare, from L. sera a bar, bolt;
akin to serere to join or bind together. See Serries.] To crowd; to
press together.
NOTE: [Now perhaps only in the form serried, p. p. or a.]
Sertularia
Ser`tu*la"ri*a (?), n. [NL., dim. fr. L. serta a garland.] (Zo\'94l.)
A genus of delicate branching hydroids having small sessile
hydrothec\'91 along the sides of the branches.
Sertularian
Ser`tu*la"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Sertularia, or of
Sertularid\'91, a family of hydroids having branched chitinous stems
and simple sessile hydrothec\'91. Also used adjectively.
Serum
Se"rum (?), n. [L., akin to Gr. s\'bera curd.] (Physiol.) (a) The
watery portion of certain animal fluids, as blood, milk, etc. (b) A
thin watery fluid, containing more or less albumin, secreted by the
serous membranes of the body, such as the pericardium and peritoneum.
Blood serum, the pale yellowish fluid which exudes from the clot
formed in the coagulation of the blood; the loquid portion of the
blood, after removal of the blood corpuscles and the fibrin. -- Muscle
serum, the thin watery fluid which separates from the muscles after
coagulation of the muscle plasma; the watery portion of the plasma.
See Muscle plasma, under Plasma. -- Serum albumin (Physiol. Chem.), an
albuminous body, closely related to egg albumin, present in nearly all
serous fluids; esp., the albumin of blood serum. -- Serum globulin
(Physiol. Chem.), paraglobulin. -- Serum of milk (Physiol. Chem.), the
whey, or fluid portion of milk, remaining after removal of the casein
and fat.
Servable
Serv"a*ble (?), a. [See Serve.]
1. Capable of being served.
2. [L. servabilis.] Capable of being preserved. [R.]
Servage
Serv"age (?), n. [Cf. F. servage.] Serfage; slavery; servitude. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Serval
Ser"val (?), n. [Cf. F. serval.] (Zo\'94l.) An African wild cat (Felis
serval) of moderate size. It has rather long legs and a tail of
moderate length. Its color is tawny, with black spots on the body and
rings of black on the tail.
Servaline
Ser"val*ine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Related to, or resembling, the serval.
Servant
Serv"ant (?), n. [OE. servant, servaunt, F. servant, a & p. pr. of
servir to serve, L. servire. See Serve, and cf. Sergeant.]
1. One who serves, or does services, voluntarily or on compulsion; a
person who is employed by another for menial offices, or for other
labor, and is subject to his command; a person who labors or exerts
himself for the benefit of another, his master or employer; a
subordinate helper. "A yearly hired servant." Lev. xxv. 53.
Men in office have begun to think themselves mere agents and
servants of the appointing power, and not agents of the government
or the country. D. Webster.
NOTE: &hand; In a le gal se nse, stewards, factors, bailiffs, and
other agents, are servants for the time they are employed in such
character, as they act in subordination to others. So any person
may be legally the servant of another, in whose business, and under
whose order, direction, and control, he is acting for the time
being.
Chitty.
2. One in a state of subjection or bondage.
Thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt. Deut. v. 15.
3. A professed lover or suitor; a gallant. [Obs.]
In my time a servant was I one. Chaucer.
Servant of servants, one debased to the lowest condition of servitude.
-- Your humble servant, OR Your obedient servant, phrases of civility
often used in closing a letter.
Our betters tell us they are our humble servants, but understand us
to be their slaves. Swift.
Servant
Serv"ant, v. t. To subject. [Obs.] Shak.
Servantess
Serv"ant*ess, n. A maidservant. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Servantry
Serv"ant*ry (?), n. A body of servants; servants, collectively. [R.]
Serve
Serve (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Served (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Serving.]
[OE. serven, servien, OF. & F. servir, fr. L. servire; akin to servus
a servant or slave, servare to protect, preserve, observe; cf. Zend
har to protect, haurva protecting. Cf. Conserve, Desert merit,
Dessert, Observe, Serf, Sergeant.]
1. To work for; to labor in behalf of; to exert one's self
continuously or statedly for the benefit of; to do service for; to be
in the employment of, as an inferior, domestic, serf, slave, hired
assistant, official helper, etc.; specifically, in a religious sense,
to obey and worship.
God is my witness, whom I serve with my spirit. Rom. i. 9.
Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for
Rachel thy younger daughter. Gen. xxix. 18.
No man can serve two masters. Matt. vi. 24.
Had I but served my God with half the zeal I served my king, he
would not in mine age Have left me naked to mine enemies. Shak.
2. To be subordinate to; to act a secondary part under; to appear as
the inferior of; to minister to.
Bodies bright and greater should not serve The less not bright.
Milton.
3. To be suitor to; to profess love to. [Obs.]
To serve a lady in his beste wise. Chaucer.
4. To wait upon; to supply the wants of; to attend; specifically, to
wait upon at table; to attend at meals; to supply with food; as, to
serve customers in a shop.
Others, pampered in their shameless pride, Are served in plate and
in their chariots ride. Dryden.
5. Hence, to bring forward, arrange, deal, or distribute, as a portion
of anything, especially of food prepared for eating; -- often with up;
formerly with in.
Bid them cover the table, serve in the meat, and we will come in to
dinner. Shak.
Some part he roasts, then serves it up so dressed. Dryde.
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Page 1316
6. To perform the duties belonging to, or required in or for; hence,
to be of use to; as, a curate may serve two churches; to serve one's
country.
7. To contribute or conduce to; to promote; to be sufficient for; to
satisfy; as, to serve one's turn.
Turn it into some advantage, by observing where it can serve
another end. Jer. Taylor.
8. To answer or be (in the place of something) to; as, a sofa serves
one for a seat and a couch.
9. To treat; to behave one's self to; to requite; to act toward; as,
he served me very ill.
10. To work; to operate; as, to serve the guns.
11. (Law) (a) To bring to notice, deliver, or execute, either actually
or constructively, in such manner as the law requires; as, to serve a
summons. (b) To make legal service opon (a person named in a writ,
summons, etc.); as, to serve a witness with a subp&oe;na.
12. To pass or spend, as time, esp. time of punishment; as, to serve a
term in prison.
13. To copulate with; to cover; as, a horse serves a mare; -- said of
the male.
14. (Tennis) To lead off in delivering (the ball).
15. (Naut.) To wind spun yarn, or the like, tightly around (a rope or
cable, etc.) so as to protect it from chafing or from the weather. See
under Serving.
To serve an attachment OR a writ of attachment (Law), to levy it on
the person or goods by seizure, or to seize. -- To serve an execution
(Law), to levy it on a lands, goods, or person, by seizure or taking
possession. -- To serve an office, to discharge a public duty. -- To
serve a process (Law), in general, to read it, so as to give due
notice to the party concerned, or to leave an attested copy with him
or his attorney, or his usual place of abode. -- To serve a warrant,
to read it, and seize the person against whom it is issued. -- To
serve a writ (Law), to read it to the defendant, or to leave an
attested copy at his usual place of abode. -- To serve one out, to
retaliate upon; to requite. "I'll serve you out for this." C.
Kingsley. -- To serve one right, to treat, or cause to befall one,
according to his deserts; -- used commonly of ill deserts; as, it
serves the scoundrel right; -- To serve one's self of, to avail one's
self of; to make use of. [A Gallicism]
I will serve myself of this concession. Chillingworth.
-- To serve out, to distribute; as, to serve out rations. -- To serve
the time OR the hour, to regulate one's actions by the requirements of
the time instead of by one's duty; to be a timeserver. [Obs.]
They think herein we serve the time, because thereby we either hold
or seek preferment. Hooker.
Syn. -- To obey; minister to; subserve; promote; aid; help; assist;
benefit; succor.
Serve
Serve (?), v. i.
1. To be a servant or a slave; to be employed in labor or other
business for another; to be in subjection or bondage; to render menial
service.
The Lord shall give thee rest . . . from the hard bondage wherein
thou wast made to serve. Isa. xiv. 3.
2. To perform domestic offices; to be occupied with household affairs;
to prepare and dish up food, etc.
But Martha . . . said, Lord, dost thou not care that my sister hath
left me to serve alone? Luke x. 40.
3. To be in service; to do duty; to discharge the requirements of an
office or employment. Specifically, to act in the public service, as a
soldier, seaman. etc.
Many . . . who had before been great commanders, but now served as
private gentlemen without pay. Knolles.
4. To be of use; to answer a purpose; to suffice; to suit; to be
convenient or favorable.
This little brand will serve to light your fire. Dryden.
As occasion serves, this noble queen And prince shall follow with a
fresh supply. Shak.
5. (Tennis) To lead off in delivering the ball.
Server
Serv"er (?), n.
1. One who serves.
2. A tray for dishes; a salver. Randolph.
Servian
Ser"vi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Servia, a kingdom of Southern
Europe. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Servia. <-- modern spelling,
Serbia -->
Service, n., OR Service
Serv"ice (?), n., OR Serv"ice (?). [Properly, the tree which bears
serve, OE. serves, pl., service berries, AS. syrfe service tree; akin
to L. sorbus.] (Bot.) A name given to several trees and shrubs of the
genus Pyrus, as Pyrus domestica and P. torminalis of Europe, the
various species of mountain ash or rowan tree, and the American shad
bush (see Shad bush, under Shad). They have clusters of small, edible,
applelike berries. Service berry (Bot.), the fruit of any kind of
service tree. In British America the name is especially applied to
that of the several species or varieties of the shad bush
(Amelanchier.)
Service
Serv"ice, n. [OE. servise, OF. servise, service, F. service, from L.
servitium. See Serve.]
1. The act of serving; the occupation of a servant; the performance of
labor for the benefit of another, or at another's command; attendance
of an inferior, hired helper. slave, etc., on a superior, employer,
master, or the like; also, spiritual obedience and love. "O God . . .
whose service is perfect freedom." Bk. of Com. Prayer.
Madam, I entreat true peace of you, Which I will purchase with my
duteous service. Shak.
God requires no man's service upon hard and unreasonable terms.
Tillotson.
2. The deed of one who serves; labor performed for another; duty done
or required; office.
I have served him from the hour of my nativity, . . . and have
nothing at his hands for my service but blows. Shak.
This poem was the last piece of service I did for my master, King
Charles. Dryden.
To go on the forlorn hope is a service of peril; who will
understake it if it be not also a service of honor? Macaulay.
3. Office of devotion; official religious duty performed; religious
rites appropriate to any event or ceremonial; as, a burial service.
The outward service of ancient religion, the rites, ceremonies, and
ceremonial vestments of the old law. Coleridge.
4. Hence, a musical composition for use in churches.
5. Duty performed in, or appropriate to, any office or charge;
official function; hence, specifically, military or naval duty;
performance of the duties of a soldier.
When he cometh to experience of service abroad . . . ne maketh a
worthy soldier. Spenser.
6. Useful office; advantage conferred; that which promotes interest or
happiness; benefit; avail.
The stork's plea, when taken in a net, was the service she did in
picking up venomous creatures. L'Estrange.
7. Profession of respect; acknowledgment of duty owed. "Pray, do my
service to his majesty." Shak.
8. The act and manner of bringing food to the persons who eat it;
order of dishes at table; also, a set or number of vessels ordinarily
used at table; as, the service was tardy and awkward; a service of
plate or glass.
There was no extraordinary service seen on the board. Hakewill.
9. (Law) The act of bringing to notice, either actually or
constructively, in such manner as is prescribed by law; as, the
service of a subp&oe;na or an attachment.
10. (Naut.) The materials used for serving a rope, etc., as spun yarn,
small lines, etc.
11. (Tennis) The act of serving the ball.
12. Act of serving or covering. See Serve, v. t., 13.
Service book, a prayer book or missal. -- Service line (Tennis), a
line parallel to the net, and at a distance of 21 feet from it. --
Service of a writ, process, etc. (Law), personal delivery or
communication of the writ or process, etc., to the party to be
affected by it, so as to subject him to its operation; the reading of
it to the person to whom notice is intended to be given, or the
leaving of an attested copy with the person or his attorney, or at his
usual place of abode. -- Service of an attachment (Law), the seizing
of the person or goods according to the direction. -- Service of an
execution (Law), the levying of it upon the goods, estate, or person
of the defendant. -- Service pipe, a pipe connecting mains with a
dwelling, as in gas pipes, and the like. Tomlinson. -- To accept
service. (Law) See under Accept. -- To see service (Mil.), to do duty
in the presence of the enemy, or in actual war.
Serviceable
Serv"ice*a*ble (?), a.
1. Doing service; promoting happiness, interest, advantage, or any
good; useful to any end; adapted to any good end use; beneficial;
advantageous. "Serviceable to religion and learning". Atterbury.
"Serviceable tools." Macaulay.
I know thee well, a serviceable villain. Shak.
2. Prepared for rendering service; capable of, or fit for, the
performance of duty; hence, active; diligent.
Courteous he was, lowly, and servysable. Chaucer.
Bright-hearnessed angels sit in order serviceable. Milton.
Seeing her so sweet and serviceable. Tennnyson.
-- Serv"ice*a*ble*ness, n. -- Serv"ice*a*bly, adv.
Serviceage
Serv"ice*age (?), n. Servitude. [Obs.] Fairfax.
Servient
Serv"i*ent (?), a. [L. serviens, -entis, p. pr. See Serve.]
Subordinate. [Obs. except in law.] Dyer. Servient tenement OR estate
(Law), that on which the burden of a servitude or an easement is
imposed. Cf. Dominant estate, under Dominant. Gale & Whately.
Serviette
Ser`viette" (?), n. [F.] A table napkin.
Servile
Serv"ile (?), a. [L. servile, fr. servus a servant or slave: cf. F.
servile. See Serve.]
1. Of or pertaining to a servant or slave; befitting a servant or a
slave; proceeding from dependence; hence, meanly submissive; slavish;
mean; cringing; fawning; as, servile flattery; servile fear; servile
obedience.
She must bend the servile knee. Thomson.
Fearing dying pays death servile breath. Shak.
2. Held in subjection; dependent; enslaved.
Even fortune rules no more, O servile land! Pope.
3. (Gram.) (a) Not belonging to the original root; as, a servile
letter. (b) Not itself sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceeding
vowel, as e in tune.
Servile
Serv"ile, n. (Gram.) An element which forms no part of the original
root; -- opposed to radical.
Servilely
Serv"ile*ly, adv. In a servile manner; slavishly.
Servileness
Serv"ile*ness, n. Quality of being servile; servility.
Servility
Ser*vil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. servilit\'82.] The quality or state of
being servile; servileness.
To be a queen in bondage is more vile Than is a slave in base
servility. Shak.
Serving
Serv"ing, a & n. from Serve. Serving board (Naut.), a flat piece of
wood used in serving ropes. -- Serving maid, a female servant; a
maidservant. -- Serving mallet (Naut.), a wooden instrument shaped
like a mallet, used in serving ropes. -- Serving man, a male servant,
or attendant; a manservant. -- Serving stuff (Naut.), small lines for
serving ropes.
Servite
Serv"ite (?), n. [It. servita.] (R.C.Ch.) One of the order of the
Religious Servants of the Holy Virgin, founded in Florence in 1223.
Servifor
Serv"i*for (?), n. [L., fr. servire to serve: cf. F. serviteur.]
1. One who serves; a servant; an attendant; one who acts under
another; a follower or adherent.
Your trusty and most valiant servitor. Shak.
2. (Univ. of Oxford, Eng.) An undergraduate, partly supported by the
college funds, whose duty it formerly was to wait at table. A servitor
corresponded to a sizar in Cambridge and Dublin universities.
Servitorship
Serv"i*tor*ship, n. The office, rank, or condition of a servitor.
Boswell.
Servitude
Serv"i*tude (?), n. [L. servitudo: cf. F. servitude.]
1. The state of voluntary or compulsory subjection to a master; the
condition of being bound to service; the condition of a slave;
slavery; bondage; hence, a state of slavish dependence.
You would have sold your king to slaughter, His princes and his
peers to servitude. Shak.
A splendid servitude; . . . for he that rises up early, and
goeSouth.
2. Servants, collectively. [Obs.]
After him a cumbrous train Of herds and flocks, and numerous
servitude. Milton.
3. (Law) A right whereby one thing is subject to another thing or
person for use or convenience, contrary to the common right.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ob ject of a se rvitude is ei ther to su ffer
something to be done by another, or to omit to do something, with
respect to a thing. The easements of the English correspond in some
respects with the servitudes of the Roman law. Both terms are used
by common law writers, and often indiscriminately. The former,
however, rather indicates the right enjoyed, and the latter the
burden imposed.
Ayliffe. Erskine. E. Washburn. Penal servitude. See under Penal. --
Personal servitude (Law), that which arises when the use of a thing is
granted as a real right to a particular individual other than the
proprietor. -- Predial servitude (Law), that which one estate owes to
another estate. When it related to lands, vineyards, gardens, or the
like, it is called rural; when it related to houses and buildings, it
is called urban.
Serviture
Serv"i*ture (?), n. Servants, collectively. [Obs.]
Servitute
Serv"i*tute (?), n. [L. servitus.] Servitude. [Obs.]
Serye
Se"rye (?), n. A series. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sesame
Ses"a*me (?), n. [L. sesamum, sesama, Gr. s\'82same.] (Bot.) Either of
two annual herbaceous plants of the genus Sesamum (S. Indicum, and S.
orientale), from the seeds of which an oil is expressed; also, the
small obovate, flattish seeds of these plants, sometimes used as food.
See Benne. Open Sesame, the magical command which opened the door of
the robber's den in the Arabian Nights' tale of "The Forty Thieves;"
hence, a magical password. -- Sesame grass. (Bot.) Same as Gama grass.
Sesamoid
Ses"a*moid (?), a. [Gr. s\'82samo\'8bde.]
1. Resembling in shape the seeds of sesame.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sesamoid bones or cartilages;
sesamoidal.
Sesamoid bones, Sesamoid cartilages (Anat.), small bones or cartilages
formed in tendons, like the patella and pisiform in man.
Sesamoid
Ses"a*moid, n. (Anat.) A sesamoid bone or cartilage.
Sesamoidal
Ses`a*moid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Sesamoid.
Sesban
Ses"ban (?), n. [F., fr. Ar. saisab\'ben, seiseb\'ben, a kind of tree,
fr. Per. s\'c6sab\'ben seed of cinquefoil.] (Bot.) A leguminous shrub
(Sesbania aculeata) which furnishes a fiber used for making ropes.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is ap plied al so to th e si milar plant,
Sesbania \'92gyptiaca, and other species of the same genus.
Sesqui-
Ses`qui- (?). [L., one half more, one and a half.] (Chem.) A combining
form (also used adjectively) denoting that three atoms or equivalents
of the substance to the name of which it is prefixed are combined with
two of some other element or radical; as, sesquibromide,
sesquicarbonate, sesquichloride, sesquioxide.
NOTE: &hand; Se squidupli- is so metimes, bu t rarely, used in the
same manner to denote the proportions of two and a half to one, or
rather of five to two.
Sesquialter
Ses`qui*al"ter (?), a. Sesquialteral.
Sesquialter, Sesquialtera
Ses`qui*al"ter (?), Ses`qui*al"ter*a (?), n. [NL. sesquialtera.]
(Mus.) A stop on the organ, containing several ranks of pipes which
re\'89nforce some of the high harmonics of the ground tone, and make
the sound more brilliant.
Sesquialteral, Sesquialterate
Ses`qui*al"ter*al (?), Ses`qui*al"ter*ate (?), a. [L. sesquialter once
and a half; sesqui- + alter other: cf. F. sesquialt\'82re.] Once and a
half times as great as another; having the ratio of one and a half to
one. Sesquialteral ratio (Math.), the ratio of one and a half to one;
thus, 9 and 6 are in a sequialteral ratio.
Sesquialterous
Ses`qui*al"ter*ous (?), a. Sesquialteral.
Sesquibasic
Ses`qui*ba"sic (?), a. [Sesqui- + basic.] (Chem.) Containing, or
acting as, a base in the proportions of a sesqui compound.
Sesquiduplicate
Ses`qui*du"pli*cate (?), a. [Sesqui- + duplicate.] Twice and a half as
great (as another thing); having the ratio of two and a half to one.
Sesquiduplicate ratio (Math.), the ratio of two and a half to one, or
one in which the greater term contains the lesser twice and a half, as
that of 50 to 20.
Sesquioxide
Ses`qui*ox"ide (?), n. [Sesqui- + oxide.] (Chem.) An oxide containing
three atoms of oxygen with two atoms (or radicals) of some other
substance; thus, alumina, Al2O3 is a sesquioxide.
Sesquipedal, Sesquipedalian
Ses*quip"e*dal (?), Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an (?), a. [Sesqui- + pedal: cf.
F. sesquip\'82dal, L. sesquipedalis.] Measuring or containing a foot
and a half; as, a sesquipedalian pygmy; -- sometimes humorously
applied to long words. <-- 2. having a tendency to use long words. -->
Sesquipedalianism, Sesquipedalism
Ses`qui*pe*da"li*an*ism (?), Ses*quip"e*dal*ism (?), n.
Sesquipedality.
Sesqyipedality
Ses`qyi*pe*dal"i*ty (?), n.
1. The quality or condition of being sesquipedal. Sterne.
2. The use of sesquipedalian words; style characterized by the use of
long words; sesquipedalism.
Sesquiplicate
Ses*quip"li*cate (?), a. [Sesqui- + plicate.] (Math.) Subduplicate of
the triplicate; -- a term applied to ratios; thus, a and a\'b7 are in
the sesquiplicate ratio of b and b\'b7, when a is to a\'b7 as the
square root of the cube of b is to the square root of the cube of
b\'b7, or a:a\'b7::&root;b3:&root;b\'b73.
The periodic times of the planets are in the sesquiplicate ratio of
their mean distances. Sir I. Newton.
Sesquisalt
Ses"qui*salt (?), n. [Sesqui- + salt.] (Chem.) A salt derived from a
sesquioxide base, or made up on the proportions of a sesqui compound.
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Sesquisulphide
Ses`qui*sul"phide (?), n. [Sesqui- + sulphide.] (Chem.) A sulphide,
analogous to a sesquioxide, containing three atoms of sulphur to two
of the other ingredient; -- formerly called also sesquisulphuret; as,
orpiment, As2S3 is arsenic sesquisulphide.
Sesquitertial
Ses`qui*ter"tial (?), a. Sesquitertian.
Sesquitertian, Sesquitertianal
Ses`qui*ter"tian (?), Ses`qui*ter"tian*al (?), a. [Sesqui- + L.
tertianus belonging to the third. Cf. Tertian.] (Math.) Having the
ratio of one and one third to one (as 4 : 3).
Sesquitone
Ses"qui*tone (?), n. [Sesqui- + tone.] (Mus.) A minor third, or
interval of three semitones.
Sess
Sess (?), v. t. [Aphetic form of assess. See Assess, Cess.] To lay a
tax upon; to assess. [Obs.]
Sess
Sess, n. A tax; an assessment. See Cess. [Obs.]
Sessa
Ses"sa (?), interj. Hurry; run. [Obs.] Shak.
Sessile
Ses"sile (?), a. [L. sessilis low, dwarf, from sedere, sessum, to sit:
cf. F. sessile.]
1. Attached without any sensible projecting support.
2. (Bot.) Resting directly upon the main stem or branch, without a
petiole or footstalk; as, a sessile leaf or blossom.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Permanently attached; -- said of the gonophores of
certain hydroids which never became detached.
Sessile-eyed
Ses"sile-eyed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having eyes which are not elevated
on a stalk; -- opposed to stalk-eyed. Sessile-eyed Crustacea, the
Arthrostraca.
Session
Ses"sion (?), n. [L. sessio, fr. sedere, sessum, to sit: cf. F.
session. See Sit.]
1. The act of sitting, or the state of being seated. [Archaic]
So much his ascension into heaven and his session at the right hand
of God do import. Hooker.
But Viven, gathering somewhat of his mood, . . . Leaped from her
session on his lap, and stood. Tennyson.
2. The actual sitting of a court, council, legislature, etc., or the
actual assembly of the members of such a body, for the transaction of
business.
It's fit this royal session do proceed. Shak.
3. Hence, also, the time, period, or term during which a court,
council, legislature, etc., meets daily for business; or, the space of
time between the first meeting and the prorogation or adjournment;
thus, a session of Parliaments is opened with a speech from the
throne, and closed by prorogation. The session of a judicial court is
called a term.
It was resolved that the convocation should meet at the beginning
of the next session of Parliament. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Se ssions, in some of the States, is particularly used
as a title for a court of justices, held for granting licenses to
innkeepers, etc., and for laying out highways, and the like; it is
also the title of several courts of criminal jurisdiction in
England and the United States.
Church session, the lowest court in the Presbyterian Church, composed
of the pastor and a body of elders elected by the members of a
particular church, and having the care of matters pertaining to the
religious interests of that church, as the admission and dismission of
members, discipline, etc. -- Court of Session, the supreme civil court
of Scotland. -- Quarter sessions. (Eng.Law) See under Quarter. --
Sessions of the peace, sittings held by justices of the peace. [Eng.]
Sessional
Ses"sion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a session or sessions.
Sesspool
Sess"pool` (?), n. [Prov. E. suss hogwash, soss a dirty mess, a puddle
+ E. pool a puddle; cf. Gael. ses a coarse mess.] Same as Cesspool.
Sesterce
Ses"terce (?), n. [L. sestertius (sc. nummus), fr. sestertius two and
a half; semis half + tertius third: cf. F. sesterce.] (Rom. Antiq.) A
Roman coin or denomination of money, in value the fourth part of a
denarius, and originally containing two asses and a half, afterward
four asses, -- equal to about two pence sterling, or four cents.
NOTE: &hand; Th e se stertium wa s eq uivalent to on e th ousand
sesterces, equal to \'9c8 17s 1d. sterling, or about $43, before
the reign of Augustus. After his reign its value was about \'9c7
16s. 3d. sterling. The sesterce was originally coined only in
silver, but later both in silver and brass.
Sestet
Ses*tet" (?), n. [It. sestetto, fr. sesto sixth, L. sextus, fr. sex
six.]
1. (Mus.) A piece of music composed for six voices or six instruments;
a sextet; -- called also sestuor. [Written also sestett, sestette.]
2. (Poet.) The last six lines of a sonnet.
Sestetto
Ses*tet"to (?), n.[It.] (Mus.) A sestet.
Sestine
Ses"tine (?), n. See Sextain.
Sestuor
Ses"tu*or (?), n. [F.] A sestet.
Set
Set (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Set; p. pr. & vb. n. Setting.] [OE.
setten, AS. setton; akin to OS. settian, OFries. setta, D. zetten,
OHG. sezzen, G. setzen, Icel. setja, Sw. s\'84tta, Dan. s, Goth.
satjan; causative from the root of E. sit. Sit, and cf. Seize.]
1. To cause to sit; to make to assume a specified position or
attitude; to give site or place to; to place; to put; to fix; as, to
set a house on a stone foundation; to set a book on a shelf; to set a
dish on a table; to set a chest or trunk on its bottom or on end.
I do set my bow in the cloud. Gen. ix. 13.
2. Hence, to attach or affix (something) to something else, or in or
upon a certain place.
Set your affection on things above. Col. iii. 2.
The Lord set a mark upon Cain. Gen. iv. 15.
3. To make to assume specified place, condition, or occupation; to put
in a certain condition or state (described by the accompanying words);
to cause to be.
The Lord thy God will set thee on hihg. Deut. xxviii. 1.
I am come to set a man at variance against his father, and the
daughter against her mother. Matt. x. 35.
Every incident sets him thinking. Coleridge.
4. To fix firmly; to make fast, permanent, or stable; to render
motionless; to give an unchanging place, form, or condition to.
Specifically: -- (a) To cause to stop or stick; to obstruct; to fsten
to a spot; hence, to occasion difficulty to; to embarrass; as, to set
a coach in the mud.
They show how hard they are set in this particular. Addison.
(b) To fix beforehand; to determine; hence, to make unyielding or
obstinate; to render stiff, unpliant, or rigid; as, to set one's
countenance.
His eyes were set by reason of his age. 1 Kings xiv. 4.
On these three objects his heart was set. Macaulay.
Make my heart as a millstone, set my face as a flint. Tennyson.
(c) To fix in the ground, as a post or a tree; to plant; as, to set
pear trees in an orchard. (d) To fix, as a precious stone, in a border
of metal; to place in a setting; hence, to place in or amid something
which serves as a setting; as, to set glass in a sash.
And him too rich a jewel to be set In vulgar metal for a vulgar
use. Dryden.
(e) To render stiff or solid; especially, to convert into curd; to
curdle; as, to set milk for cheese.
5. To put into a desired position or condition; to adjust; to
regulate; to adapt. Specifically: -- <-- to set a table --> (a) To put
in order in a particular manner; to prepare; as, to set (that is, to
hone) a razor; to set a saw.
Tables for to sette, and beddes make. Chaucer.
(b) To extend and bring into position; to spread; as, to set the sails
of a ship. (c) To give a pitch to, as a tune; to start by fixing the
keynote; as, to set a psalm. Fielding. (d) To reduce from a dislocated
or fractured state; to replace; as, to set a broken bone. (e) To make
to agree with some standard; as, to set a watch or a clock. (f)
(Masonry) To lower into place and fix silidly, as the blocks of cut
stone in a structure.
6. To stake at play; to wager; to risk.
I have set my life upon a cast, And I will stand the hazard of the
die. Shak.
7. To fit with music; to adapt, as words to notes; to prepare for
singing.
Set thy own songs, and sing them to thy lute. Dryden.
8. To determine; to appoint; to assign; to fix; as, to set a time for
a meeting; to set a price on a horse.
9. To adorn with something infixed or affixed; to stud; to variegate
with objects placed here and there.
High on their heads, with jewels richly set, Each lady wore a
radiant coronet. Dryden.
Pastoral dales thin set with modern farms. Wordsworth.
10. To value; to rate; -- with at.
Be you contented, wearing now the garland, To have a son set your
decrees at naught. Shak.
I do not set my life at a pin's fee. Shak.
11. To point out the seat or position of, as birds, or other game; --
said of hunting dogs.
12. To establish as a rule; to furnish; to prescribe; to assign; as,
to set an example; to set lessons to be learned.
13. To suit; to become; as, it sets him ill. [Scot.]
14. (Print.) To compose; to arrange in words, lines, etc.; as, to set
type; to set a page.
To set abroach. See Abroach. [Obs.] Shak. -- To set against, to
oppose; to set in comparison with, or to oppose to, as an equivalent
in exchange; as, to set one thing against another. -- To set agoing,
to cause to move. -- To set apart, to separate to a particular use; to
separate from the rest; to reserve. -- To set a saw, to bend each
tooth a little, every alternate one being bent to one side, and the
intermediate ones to the other side, so that the opening made by the
saw may be a little wider than the thickness of the back, to prevent
the saw from sticking. -- To set aside. (a) To leave out of account;
to pass by; to omit; to neglect; to reject; to annul.
Setting aside all other considerations, I will endeavor to know the
truth, and yield to that. Tillotson.
(b) To set apart; to reserve; as, to set aside part of one's income.
(c) (Law) See under Aside. -- To set at defiance, to defy. -- To set
at ease, to quiet; to tranquilize; as, to set the heart at ease. -- To
set at naught, to undervalue; to contemn; to despise. "Ye have set at
naught all my counsel." Prov. i. 25. -- To set a trap, snare, OR gin,
to put it in a proper condition or position to catch prey; hence, to
lay a plan to deceive and draw another into one's power. -- To set at
work, OR To set to work. (a) To cause to enter on work or action, or
to direct how tu enter on work. (b) To apply one's self; -- used
reflexively. -- To set before. (a) To bring out to view before; to
exhibit. (b) To propose for choice to; to offer to. -- To set by. (a)
To set apart or on one side; to reject. (b) To attach the value of
(anything) to. "I set not a straw by thy dreamings." Chaucer. -- To
set by the compass, to observe and note the bearing or situation of by
the compass. -- To set case, to suppose; to assume. Cf. Put case,
under Put, v. t. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To set down. (a) To enter in
writing; to register.
Some rules were to be set down for the government of the army.
Clarendon.
(b) To fix; to establish; to ordain.
This law we may name eternal, being that order which God . . . hath
set down with himself, for himself to do all things by. Hooker.
(c) To humiliate. -- To set eyes on, to see; to behold; to fasten the
eyes on. -- To set fire to, OR To set on fire, to communicate fire to;
fig., to inflame; to enkindle the passions of; to irritate. -- To set
flying (Naut.), to hook to halyards, sheets, etc., instead of
extending with rings or the like on a stay; -- said of a sail. -- To
set forth. (a) To manifest; to offer or present to view; to exhibt; to
display. (b) To publish; to promulgate; to make appear. Waller. (c) To
send out; to prepare and send. [Obs.]
The Venetian admiral had a fleet of sixty galleys, set forth by the
Venetians. Knolles.
-- To set forward. (a) To cause to advance. (b) To promote. -- To set
free, to release from confinement, imprisonment, or bondage; to
liberate; to emancipate. -- To set in, to put in the way; to begin; to
give a start to. [Obs.]
If you please to assist and set me in, I will recollect myself.
Collier.
-- To set in order, to adjust or arrange; to reduce to method. "The
rest will I set in order when I come." 1 Cor. xi. 34. -- To set milk.
(a) To expose it in open dishes in order that the cream may rise to
the surface. (b) To cause it to become curdled as by the action of
rennet. See 4 (e). -- To set much, OR little, by, to care much, or
little, for. -- To set of, to value; to set by. [Obs.] "I set not an
haw of his proverbs." Chaucer. -- To set off. (a) To separate from a
whole; to assign to a particular purpose; to portion off; as, to set
off a portion of an estate. (b) To adorn; to decorate; to embellish.
They . . . set off the worst faces with the best airs. Addison.
(c) To give a flattering description of. -- To set off against, to
place against as an equivalent; as, to set off one man's services
against another's. -- To set on OR upon. (a) To incite; to instigate.
"Thou, traitor, hast set on thy wife to this." Shak. (b) To employ, as
in a task. " Set on thy wife to observe." Shak. (c) To fix upon; to
attach strongly to; as, to set one's heart or affections on some
object. See definition 2, above. -- To set one's cap for. See under
Cap, n. -- To set one's self against, to place one's self in a state
of enmity or opposition to. -- To set one's teeth, to press them
together tightly. -- To set on foot, to set going; to put in motion;
to start. -- To set out. (a) To assign; to allot; to mark off; to
limit; as, to set out the share of each proprietor or heir of an
estate; to set out the widow's thirds. (b) To publish, as a
proclamation. [Obs.] (c) To adorn; to embellish.
An ugly woman, in rich habit set out with jewels, nothing can
become. Dryden.
(d) To raise, equip, and send forth; to furnish. [R.]
The Venetians pretend they could set out, in case of great
necessity, thirty men-of-war. Addison.
(e) To show; to display; to recommend; to set off.
I could set out that best side of Luther. Atterbury.
(f) To show; to prove. [R.] "Those very reasons set out how heinous
his sin was." Atterbury. (g) (Law) To recite; to state at large. -- To
set over. (a) To appoint or constitute as supervisor, inspector,
ruler, or commander. (b) To assign; to transfer; to convey. -- To set
right, to correct; to put in order. -- To set sail. (Naut.) See under
Sail, n. -- To set store by, to consider valuable. -- To set the
fashion, to determine what shall be the fashion; to establish the
mode. -- To set the teeth on edge, to affect the teeth with a
disagreeable sensation, as when acids are brought in contact with
them. -- To set the watch (Naut.), to place the starboard or port
watch on duty. -- To set to, to attach to; to affix to. "He . . . hath
set to his seal that God is true." John iii. 33. -- To set up. (a) To
erect; to raise; to elevate; as, to set up a building, or a machine;
to set up a post, a wall, a pillar. (b) Hence, to exalt; to put in
power. "I will . . . set up the throne of David over Israel." 2 Sam.
iii. 10. (c) To begin, as a new institution; to institute; to
establish; to found; as, to set up a manufactory; to set up a school.
(d) To enable to commence a new business; as, to set up a son in
trade. (e) To place in view; as, to set up a mark. (f) To raise; to
utter loudly; as, to set up the voice.
I'll set up such a note as she shall hear. Dryden.
(g) To advance; to propose as truth or for reception; as, to set up a
new opinion or doctrine. T. Burnet. (h) To raise from depression, or
to a sufficient fortune; as, this good fortune quite set him up. (i)
To intoxicate. [Slang] (j) (Print.) To put in type; as, to set up
copy; to arrange in words, lines, etc., ready for printing; as, to set
up type. -- To set up the rigging (Naut.), to make it taut by means of
tackles. R. H. Dana, Jr. Syn. -- See Put.
Set
Set (?), v. i.
1. To pass below the horizon; to go down; to decline; to sink out of
sight; to come to an end.
Ere the weary sun set in the west. Shak.
Thus this century sets with little mirth, and the next is likely to
arise with more mourning. Fuller.
2. To fit music to words. [Obs.] Shak.
3. To place plants or shoots in the ground; to plant. "To sow dry, and
set wet." Old Proverb.
4. To be fixed for growth; to strike root; to begin to germinate or
form; as, cuttings set well; the fruit has set well (i. e., not
blasted in the blossom).
5. To become fixed or rigid; to be fastened.
A gathering and serring of the spirits together to resist, maketh
the teeth to set hard one against another. Bacon.
6. To congeal; to concrete; to solidify.
That fluid substance in a few minutes begins to set. Boyle.
7. To have a certain direction in motion; to flow; to move on; to
tend; as, the current sets to the north; the tide sets to the
windward.
8. To begin to move; to go out or forth; to start; -- now followed by
out.
The king is set from London. Shak.
9. To indicate the position of game; -- said of a dog; as, the dog
sets well; also, to hunt game by the aid of a setter.
10. To apply one's self; to undertake earnestly; -- now followed by
out.
If he sets industriously and sincerely to perform the commands of
Christ, he can have no ground of doubting but it shall prove
successful to him. Hammond.
11. To fit or suit one; to sit; as, the coat sets well.
NOTE: [Colloquially used, but improperly, for sit.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e us e of the verb set for sit in such expressions
as, the hen is setting on thirteen eggs; a setting hen, etc.,
although colloquially common, and sometimes tolerated in serious
writing, is not to be approved.
To set about, to commence; to begin. -- To set forward, to move or
march; to begin to march; to advance. -- To set forth, to begin a
journey. -- To set in. (a) To begin; to enter upon a particular state;
as, winter set in early. (b) To settle one's self; to become
established. "When the weather was set in to be very bad." Addyson.
(c) To flow toward the shore; -- said of the tide. -- To set off. (a)
To enter upon a journey; to start. (b) (Typog.) To deface or soil the
next sheet; -- said of the ink on a freshly printed sheet, when
another sheet comes in contract with it before it has had time to dry.
-- To set on OR upon. (a) To begin, as a journey or enterprise; to set
about.
He that would seriously set upon the search of truth. Locke.
(b) To assault; to make an attack. Bacon.
Cassio hath here been set on in the dark. Shak.
-- To set out, to begin a journey or course; as, to set out for
London, or from London; to set out in business;to set out in life or
the world. -- To set to, to apply one's self to. -- To set up. (a) To
begin business or a scheme of life; as, to set up in trade; to set up
for one's self. (b) To profess openly; to make pretensions.
Those men who set up for mortality without regard to religion, are
generally but virtuous in part. Swift.
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Set
Set (?), a.
1. Fixed in position; immovable; rigid; as, a set line; a set
countenance.
2. Firm; unchanging; obstinate; as, set opinions or prejudices.
3. Regular; uniform; formal; as, a set discourse; a set battle. "The
set phrase of peace." Shak.
4. Established; prescribed; as, set forms of prayer.
5. Adjusted; arranged; formed; adapted.
Set hammer. (a) A hammer the head of which is not tightly fastened
upon the handle, but may be reversed. Knight. (b) A hammer with a
concave face which forms a die for shaping anything, as the end of a
bolt, rivet, etc. -- Set line, a line to which a number of baited
hooks are attached, and which, supported by floats and properly
secured, may be left unguarded during the absence of the fisherman. --
Set nut, a jam nut or lock nut. See under Nut. -- Set screw (Mach.), a
screw, sometimes cupped or printed at one end, and screwed through one
part, as of a machine, tightly upon another part, to prevent the one
from slipping upon the other. -- Set speech, a speech carefully
prepared before it is delivered in public; a formal or methodical
speech.
Set
Set, n.
1. The act of setting, as of the sun or other heavenly body; descent;
hence, the close; termination. "Locking at the set of day." Tennyson.
The weary sun hath made a golden set. Shak.
2. That which is set, placed, or fixed. Specifically: -- (a) A young
plant for growth; as, a set of white thorn. (b) That which is staked;
a wager; a venture; a stake; hence, a game at venture. [Obs. or R.]
We will in France, by God's grace, play a set Shall strike his
father's crown into the hazard. Shak.
That was but civil war, an equal set. Dryden.
(c) (Mech.) Permanent change of figure in consequence of excessive
strain, as from compression, tension, bending, twisting, etc.; as, the
set of a spring. (d) A kind of punch used for bending, indenting, or
giving shape to, metal; as, a saw set. (e) (Pile Driving) A piece
placed temporarily upon the head of a pile when the latter cannot be
reached by the weight, or hammer, except by means of such an
intervening piece. [Often incorrectly written sett.] (f) (Carp.) A
short steel spike used for driving the head of a nail below the
surface.
3. [Perhaps due to confusion with sect, sept.] A number of things of
the same kind, ordinarily used or classed together; a collection of
articles which naturally complement each other, and usually go
together; an assortment; a suit; as, a set of chairs, of china, of
surgical or mathematical instruments, of books, etc. [In this sense,
sometimes incorrectly written sett.]
4. A number of persons associated by custom, office, common opinion,
quality, or the like; a division; a group; a clique. "Others of our
set." Tennyson.
This falls into different divisions, or sets, of nations connected
under particular religions. R. P. Ward.
5. Direction or course; as, the set of the wind, or of a current.
6. In dancing, the number of persons necessary to execute a quadrille;
also, the series of figures or movements executed.
7. The deflection of a tooth, or of the teeth, of a saw, which causes
the the saw to cut a kerf, or make an opening, wider than the blade.
8. (a) A young oyster when first attached. (b) Collectively, the crop
of young oysters in any locality.
9. (Tennis) A series of as many games as may be necessary to enable
one side to win six. If at the end of the tenth game the score is a
tie, the set is usually called a deuce set, and decided by an
application of the rules for playing off deuce in a game. See Deuce.
10. (Type Founding) That dimension of the body of a type called by
printers the width.
Dead set. (a) The act of a setter dog when it discovers the game, and
remains intently fixed in pointing it out. (b) A fixed or stationary
condition arising from obstacle or hindrance; a deadlock; as, to be at
a dead set. (c) A concerted scheme to defraud by gaming; a determined
onset. -- To make a dead set, to make a determined onset, literally or
figuratively. Syn. -- Collection; series; group. See Pair.
Seta
Se"ta (?), n.; pl. Set\'91. [L. seta, saeta, a bristle.]
1. (Biol.) Any slender, more or less rigid, bristlelike organ or part;
as the hairs of a caterpillar, the slender spines of a crustacean, the
hairlike processes of a protozoan, the bristles or stiff hairs on the
leaves of some plants, or the pedicel of the capsule of a moss.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the movable chitinous spines or hooks of an
annelid. They usually arise in clusters from muscular capsules, and
are used in locomotion and for defense. They are very diverse in form.
(b) One of the spinelike feathers at the base of the bill of certain
birds.
Setaceous
Se*ta"ceous (?), a. [L. seta a bristle: cf. F. s\'82tac\'82.]
1. Set with, or consisting of, bristles; bristly; as, a stiff,
setaceous tail.
2. Bristelike in form or texture; as, a setaceous feather; a setaceous
leaf.
Setback
Set"back` (?), n.
1. (Arch.) Offset, n., 4.
2. A backset; a countercurrent; an eddy. [U. S.]
3. A backset; a check; a repulse; a reverse; a relapse. [Colloq. U.S.]
Setbolt
Set"bolt` (?), n. (Shipbuilding)
1. An iron pin, or bolt, for fitting planks closely together. Craig.
2. A bolt used for forcing another bolt out of its hole.
Setdown
Set"down` (?), n. The humbling of a person by act or words, especially
by a retort or a reproof; the retort or the reproof which has such
effect.
Setee
Set*ee" (?), n. (Naut.) See 2d Settee.
Seten
Set"en (?), obs. imp. pl. of Sit. Sat. Chaucer.
Setewale
Set"e*wale (?), n. See Cetewale. [Obs.]
Set-fair
Set"-fair` (?), n. In plastering, a particularly good troweled
surface. Knight.
Setfoil
Set"foil` (?), n. See Septfoil.
Sethen
Seth"en (?), adv. & conj. See Since. [Obs.]
Sethic
Seth"ic (?), a. See Sothic.
Setiferous
Se*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L. seta a bristle + -ferous.] Producing, or
having one or more, bristles.
Setiform
Se"ti*form (?), a. [Seta + -form: cf. F. s\'82tiforme.] Having the
form or structure of set\'91.
Setiger
Se"ti*ger (?), n. [NL. See Setigerous.] (Zo\'94l.) An annelid having
set\'91; a ch\'91topod.
Setigerous
Se*tig"er*ous (?), a. [Seta + -gerous.] Covered with bristles; having
or bearing a seta or set\'91; setiferous; as, setigerous glands; a
setigerous segment of an annelid; specifically (Bot.), tipped with a
bristle.
Setim
Se"tim (?), n. See Shittim.
Setiparous
Se*tip"a*rous (?), a. [Seta + L. papere to produce.] (Zo\'94l.)
Producing set\'91; -- said of the organs from which the set\'91 of
annelids arise.
Setireme
Se"ti*reme (?), n. [Seta + L. remus an oar.] (Zo\'94l.) A swimming leg
(of an insect) having a fringe of hairs on the margin.
Setness
Set"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being set; formality;
obstinacy. "The starched setness of a sententious writer." R. Masters.
Set-off
Set"-off` (?), n. [Set + off.]
1. That which is set off against another thing; an offset.
I do not contemplate such a heroine as a set-off to the many sins
imputed to me as committed against woman. D. Jerrold.
2. That which is used to improve the appearance of anything; a
decoration; an ornament.
3. (Law) A counterclaim; a cross debt or demand; a distinct claim
filed or set up by the defendant against the plaintiff's demand.
NOTE: &hand; Se t-off di ffers fr om re coupment, as th e la tter
generally grows out of the same matter or contract with the
plaintiff's claim, while the former grows out of distinct matter,
and does not of itself deny the justice of the plaintiff's demand.
Offset is sometimes improperly used for the legal term set-off. See
Recoupment.
4. (Arch.) Same as Offset, n., 4.
5. (Print.) See Offset, 7. Syn. -- Set-off, Offset. -- Offset
originally denoted that which branches off or projects, as a shoot
from a tree, but the term has long been used in America in the sense
of set-off. This use is beginning to obtain in England; though
Macaulay uses set-off, and so, perhaps, do a majority of English
writers.
Seton
Se"ton (?), n. [F. s\'82ton (cf. It. setone), from L. seta a thick,
stiff hair, a bristle.] (Med. & Far.) A few silk threads or
horsehairs, or a strip of linen or the like, introduced beneath the
skin by a knife or needle, so as to form an issue; also, the issue so
formed.
Setose, Setous
Se*tose" (?), Se"tous (?), a. [L. setosus, saetosus, from seta, saeta,
bristle: cf. F. s\'82teux.] Thickly set with bristles or bristly
hairs.
Setout
Set"out` (?), n. A display, as of plate, equipage, etc.; that which is
displayed. [Coloq.] Dickens.
Set-stitched
Set"-stitched` (?), a. Stitched according to a formal pattern. "An old
set-stiched chair, valanced, and fringed with party-colored worsted
bobs." Sterne.
Sett
Sett (?), n. See Set, n., 2 (e) and 3.
Settee
Set*tee" (?), n. [From Set; cf. Settle a seat.] A long seat with a
back, -- made to accommodate several persons at once.
Settee
Set*tee", n. [F. sc\'82tie, scitie.] (Naut.) A vessel with a very
long, sharp prow, carrying two or three masts with lateen sails, --
used in the Mediterranean. [Written also setee.]
Setter
Set"ter (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, sets; -- used mostly in composition with a
noun, as typesetter; or in combination with an adverb, as a setter on
(or inciter), a setter up, a setter forth.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A hunting dog of a special breed originally derived from
a cross between the spaniel and the pointer. Modern setters are
usually trained to indicate the position of game birds by standing in
a fixed position, but originally they indicated it by sitting or
crouching.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e several distinct varieties of setters; as,
the Irish, or red, setter; the Gordon setter, which is usually red
or tan varied with black; and the English setter, which is
variously colored, but usually white and tawny red, with or without
black.
3. One who hunts victims for sharpers. Shak.
4. One who adapts words to music in composition.
5. An adornment; a decoration; -- with off. [Obs.]
They come as . . . setters off of thy graces. Whitlock.
6. (Pottery) A shallow seggar for porcelain. Ure.
Setter
Set"ter, v. t. To cut the dewlap (of a cow or an ox), and to insert a
seton, so as to cause an issue. [Prov. Eng.]
Setterwort
Set"ter*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The bear's-foot (Helleborus f&oe;tidus);
-- so called because the root was used in settering, or inserting
setons into the dewlaps of cattle. Called also pegroots. Dr. Prior.
Setting
Set"ting (?), n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, sets; as, the setting of type,
or of gems; the setting of the sun; the setting (hardening) of moist
plaster of Paris; the setting (set) of a current.
2. The act of marking the position of game, as a setter does; also,
hunting with a setter. Boyle.
3. Something set in, or inserted.
Thou shalt set in it settings of stones. Ex. xxviii. 17.
4. That in which something, as a gem, is set; as, the gold setting of
a jeweled pin.
Setting coat (Arch.), the finishing or last coat of plastering on
walls or ceilings. -- Setting dog, a setter. See Setter, n., 2. --
Setting pole, a pole, often iron-pointed, used for pushing boats along
in shallow water. -- Setting rule. (Print.) A composing rule.
Settle
Set"tle (?), n. [OE. setel, setil, a seat, AS. setl: akin to OHG.
sezzal, G. sessel, Goth. sitls, and E. sit. &root;154. See Sit.]
1. A seat of any kind. [Obs.] "Upon the settle of his majesty"
Hampole.
2. A bench; especially, a bench with a high back.
3. A place made lower than the rest; a wide step or platform lower
than some other part.
And from the bottom upon the ground, even to the lower settle,
shall be two cubits, and the breadth one cubit. Ezek. xliii. 14.
Settle bed, a bed convertible into a seat. [Eng.]
Settle
Set"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Settled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Settling
(?).] [OE. setlen, AS. setlan. &root;154. See Settle, n. In senses 7,
8, and 9 perhaps confused with OE. sahtlen to reconcile, AS. sahtlian,
fr. saht reconciliation, sacon to contend, dispute. Cf. Sake.]
1. To place in a fixed or permanent condition; to make firm, steady,
or stable; to establish; to fix; esp., to establish in life; to fix in
business, in a home, or the like.
And he settled his countenance steadfastly upon him, until he was
ashamed. 2 Kings viii. 11. (Rev. Ver.)
The father thought the time drew on Of setting in the world his
only son. Dryden.
2. To establish in the pastoral office; to ordain or install as pastor
or rector of a church, society, or parish; as, to settle a minister.
[U. S.]
3. To cause to be no longer in a disturbed condition; to render quiet;
to still; to calm; to compose.
God settled then the huge whale-bearing lake. Chapman.
Hoping that sleep might settle his brains. Bunyan.
4. To clear of dregs and impurities by causing them to sink; to render
pure or clear; -- said of a liquid; as, to settle coffee, or the
grounds of coffee.
5. To restore or bring to a smooth, dry, or passable condition; --
said of the ground, of roads, and the like; as, clear weather settles
the roads.
6. To cause to sink; to lower; to depress; hence, also, to render
close or compact; as, to settle the contents of a barrel or bag by
shaking it.
7. To determine, as something which is exposed to doubt or question;
to free from unscertainty or wavering; to make sure, firm, or
constant; to establish; to compose; to quiet; as, to settle the mind
when agitated; to settle questions of law; to settle the succession to
a throne; to settle an allowance.
It will settle the wavering, and confirm the doubtful. Swift.
8. To adjust, as something in discussion; to make up; to compose; to
pacify; as, to settle a quarrel.
9. To adjust, as accounts; to liquidate; to balance; as, to settle an
account.
10. Hence, to pay; as, to settle a bill. [Colloq.] Abbott.
11. To plant with inhabitants; to colonize; to people; as, the French
first settled Canada; the Puritans settled New England; Plymouth was
settled in 1620.
To settle on OR upon, to confer upon by permanent grant; to assure to.
"I . . . have settled upon him a good annuity." Addison. -- To settle
the land (Naut.), to cause it to sink, or appear lower, by receding
from it. Syn. -- To fix; establish; regulate; arrange; compose;
adjust; determine; decide.
Settle
Set"tle, v. i.
1. To become fixed or permanent; to become stationary; to establish
one's self or itself; to assume a lasting form, condition, direction,
or the like, in place of a temporary or changing state.
The wind came about and settled in the west. Bacon.
Chyle . . . runs through all the intermediate colors until it
settles in an intense red. Arbuthnot.
2. To fix one's residence; to establish a dwelling place or home; as,
the Saxons who settled in Britain.
3. To enter into the married state, or the state of a householder.
As people marry now and settle. Prior.
4. To be established in an employment or profession; as, to settle in
the practice of law.
5. To become firm, dry, and hard, as the ground after the effects of
rain or frost have disappeared; as, the roads settled late in the
spring.
6. To become clear after being turbid or obscure; to clarify by
depositing matter held in suspension; as, the weather settled; wine
settles by standing.
A government, on such occasions, is always thick before it settles.
Addison.
7. To sink to the bottom; to fall to the bottom, as dregs of a liquid,
or the sediment of a reserveir.
8. To sink gradually to a lower level; to subside, as the foundation
of a house, etc.
9. To become calm; to cease from agitation.
Till the fury of his highness settle, Come not before him. Shak.
10. To adjust differences or accounts; to come to an agreement; as, he
has settled with his creditors.
11. To make a jointure for a wife.
He sighs with most success that settles well. Garth.
Settledness
Set"tled*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being settled; confirmed
state. [R.] Bp. Hall.
Settlement
Set"tle*ment (?), n.
1. The act of setting, or the state of being settled. Specifically: --
(a) Establishment in life, in business, condition, etc.; ordination or
installation as pastor.
Every man living has a design in his head upon wealth power, or
settlement in the world. L'Estrange.
(b) The act of peopling, or state of being peopled; act of planting,
as a colony; colonization; occupation by settlers; as, the settlement
of a new country.
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(c) The act or process of adjusting or determining; composure of
doubts or differences; pacification; liquidation of accounts;
arrangement; adjustment; as, settlement of a controversy, of accounts,
etc. (d) Bestowal, or giving possession, under legal sanction; the act
of giving or conferring anything in a formal and permanent manner.
My flocks, my fields, my woods, my pastures take, With settlement
as good as law can make. Dryden.
(e) (Law) A disposition of property for the benefit of some person or
persons, usually through the medium of trustees, and for the benefit
of a wife, children, or other relatives; jointure granted to a wife,
or the act of granting it.
2. That which settles, or is settled, established, or fixed.
Specifically: -- (a) Matter that subsides; settlings; sediment; lees;
dregs. [Obs.]
Fuller's earth left a thick settlement. Mortimer.
(b) A colony newly established; a place or region newly settled; as,
settlement in the West. (c) That which is bestowed formally and
permanently; the sum secured to a person; especially, a jointure made
to a woman at her marriage; also, in the United States, a sum of money
or other property formerly granted to a pastor in additional to his
salary.
3. (Arch.) (a) The gradual sinking of a building, whether by the
yielding of the ground under the foundation, or by the compression of
the joints or the material. (b) pl. Fractures or dislocations caused
by settlement.
4. (Law) A settled place of abode; residence; a right growing out of
residence; legal residence or establishment of a person in a
particular parish or town, which entitles him to maintenance if a
pauper, and subjects the parish or town to his support. Blackstone.
Bouvier.
Act of settlement (Eng. Hist.), the statute of 12 and 13 William III,
by which the crown was limited to the present reigning house (the
house of Hanover). Blackstone.
Settler
Set"tler (?), n.
1. One who settles, becomes fixed, established, etc.
2. Especially, one who establishes himself in a new region or a
colony; a colonist; a planter; as, the first settlers of New England.
3. That which settles or finishes; hence, a blow, etc., which settles
or decides a contest. [Colloq.]
4. A vessel, as a tub, in which something, as pulverized ore suspended
in a liquid, is allowed to settle.
Settling
Set"tling (?), n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, settles; the act of establishing
one's self, of colonizing, subsiding, adjusting, etc.
2. pl. That which settles at the bottom of a liquid; lees; dregs;
sediment. Milton.
Settling day, a day for settling accounts, as in the stock market.
Set-to
Set"-to` (?), n. A contest in boxing, in an argument, or the like.
[Colloq.] Halliwell.
Setula
Set"u*la (?), n.; pl. Setul\'91 (#). [L. setula, saetula, dim. of
seta, saeta, bristle.] A small, short hair or bristle; a small seta.
Setule
Set"ule (?), n. [See Setula.] A setula.
Setulose
Set"u*lose` (?), a. Having small bristles or set\'91.
Setwall
Set"wall` (?), n. [CF. Cetewale.] (Bot.) A plant formerly valued for
its restorative qualities (Valeriana officinalis, or V. Pyrenaica).
[Obs.] [Written also setwal.] Chaucer.
Seven
Sev"en (?), a. [OE. seven, seoven, seofen, AS. seofon, seofan, seofen;
akin to D. zeven, OS., Goth., & OHG. sibun, G. sieben, Icel. sjau,
sj\'94, Sw. sju, Dan. syv, Lith. septyni, Russ. seme, W. saith, Gael.
seachd, Ir. seacht, L. septem, Gr. saptan. &root;305. Cf. Hebdomad,
Heptagon, September.] One more than six; six and one added; as, seven
days make one week. Seven sciences. See the Note under Science, n., 4.
-- Seven stars (Astron.), the Pleiades. -- Seven wonders of the world.
See under Wonders. -- Seven-year apple (Bot.), a rubiaceous shrub
(Genipa clusiifolia) growing in the West Indies; also, its edible
fruit. -- Seven-year vine (Bot.), a tropical climbing plant (Ipom&oe;a
tuberosa) related to the morning-glory.
Seven
Sev"en, n.
1. The number greater by one than six; seven units or objects.
Of every beast, and bird, and insect small, Game sevens and pairs.
Milton.
2. A symbol representing seven units, as 7, or vii.
Sevenfold
Sev"en*fold` (?), a. Repeated seven times; having seven thicknesses;
increased to seven times the size or amount. "Sevenfold rage." Milton.
Sevenfold
Sev"en*fold`, adv. Seven times as much or as often.
Whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold.
Gen. iv. 15.
Sevennight
Seven"night (?), n. A week; any period of seven consecutive days and
nights. See Sennight.
Sevenscore
Sev"en*score` (?), n. & a. Seven times twenty, that is, a hundred and
forty.
The old Countess of Desmond . . . lived sevenscore years. Bacon.
Seven-shooter
Sev"en-shoot`er (?), n. A firearm, esp. a pistol, with seven barrels
or chambers for cartridges, or one capable of firing seven shots
without reloading. [Colloq.]
Seventeen
Sev"en*teen` (?), a. [OE. seventene, AS. seofont&ymac;ne, i. e.,
seven-ten. Cf. Seventy.] One more than sixteen; ten and seven added;
as, seventeen years.
Seventeen
Sev"en*teen`, n.
1. The number greater by one than sixteen; the sum of ten and seven;
seventeen units or objects.
2. A symbol denoting seventeen units, as 17, or xvii.
Seventeenth
Sev"en*teenth` (?), a. [From Seventeen: cf. AS. seofonte\'a2&edh;a,
seofonteoge&edh;a.]
1. Next in order after the sixteenth; coming after sixteen others.
In . . . the seventeenth day of the month . . . were all the
fountains of the great deep broken up. Gen. vii. 11.
2. Constituting or being one of seventeen equal parts into which
anything is divided.
Seventeenth
Sev"en*teenth` (?), n.
1. The next in order after the sixteenth; one coming after sixteen
others.
2. The quotient of a unit divided by seventeen; one of seventeen equal
parts or divisions of one whole.
3. (Mus.) An interval of two octaves and a third.
Seventh
Sev"enth (?), a. [From Seven: cf. AS. seofo&edh;a.]
1. Next in order after the sixth;; coming after six others.
On the seventh day, God ended his work which he had made; and he
rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. Gen.
ii. 2.
2. Constituting or being one of seven equal parts into which anything
is divided; as, the seventh part.
Seventh day, the seventh day of the week; Saturday. -- Seventh-day
Baptists. See under Baptist.
Seventh
Sev"enth, n.
1. One next in order after the sixth; one coming after six others.
2. The quotient of a unit divided by seven; one of seven equal parts
into which anything is divided.
3. (Mus.) (a) An interval embracing seven diatonic degrees of the
scale. (b) A chord which includes the interval of a seventh whether
major, minor, or diminished.
Seven-thirties
Sev`en-thir"ties (?), n. pl. A name given to three several issues of
United States Treasury notes, made during the Civil War, in
denominations of $50 and over, bearing interest at the rate of seven
and three tenths (thirty hundredths) per cent annually. Within a few
years they were all redeemed or funded.
Seventhly
Sev"enth*ly (?), adv. In the seventh place.
Seventieth
Sev"en*ti*eth (?), a. [AS. hund-seofontigo&edh;a.]
1. Next in order after the sixty-ninth; as, a man in the seventieth
year of his age.
2. Constituting or being one of seventy equal parts.
Seventieth
Sev"en*ti*eth, n.
1. One next in order after the sixty-ninth.
2. The quotient of a unit divided by seventy; one of seventy equal
parts or fractions.
Seventy
Sev"en*ty (?), a. [AS. hund-seofontig. See Seven, and Ten, and cf.
Seventeen, Sixty.] Seven times ten; one more than sixty-nine.
Seventy
Sev"en*ty, n.; pl. Seventies (.
1. The sum of seven times ten; seventy units or objects.
2. A symbol representing seventy units, as 70, or lxx.
The Seventy, the translators of the Greek version of the Old Testament
called the Septuagint. See Septuagint.
Seventy-four
Sev`en*ty-four" (?), n. (Naut.) A naval vessel carrying seventy-four
guns.
Seven-up
Sev"en-up`, n. The game of cards called also all fours, and old
sledge. [U. S.]
Sever
Sev"er (?), v. t. [imp. &. p. p. Severed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Severing.] [OF. sevrer, severer, to separate, F. sevrer to wean, fr.
L. separare. See Separate, and cf. Several.]
1. To separate, as one from another; to cut off from something; to
divide; to part in any way, especially by violence, as by cutting,
rending, etc.; as, to sever the head from the body.
The angels shall come forth, and sever the wicked from among the
just. Matt. xiii. 49.
2. To cut or break open or apart; to divide into parts; to cut
through; to disjoin; as, to sever the arm or leg.
Our state can not be severed; we are one. Milton.
3. To keep distinct or apart; to except; to exempt.
I will sever in that day the land of Goshen, in which my people
dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there. Ex. viii. 22.
4. (Law) To disunite; to disconnect; to terminate; as, to sever an
estate in joint tenancy. Blackstone.
Sever
Sev"er, v. i.
1. To suffer disjunction; to be parted, or rent asunder; to be
separated; to part; to separate. Shak.
2. To make a separation or distinction; to distinguish.
The Lord shall sever between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of
Egypt. Ex. ix. 4.
They claimed the right of severing in their challenge. Macaulay.
Severable
Sev"er*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being severed. Encyc. Dict.
Several
Sev"er*al (?), a. [OF., fr. LL. separalis, fr. L. separ separate,
different. See Sever, Separate.]
1. Separate; distinct; particular; single.
Each several ship a victory did gain. Dryden.
Each might his several province well command, Would all but stoop
to what they understand. Pope.
2. Diverse; different; various. Spenser.
Habits and faculties, several, and to be distinguished. Bacon.
Four several armies to the field are led. Dryden.
3. Consisting of a number more than two, but not very many; divers;
sundry; as, several persons were present when the event took place.
Several
Sev"er*al, adv. By itself; severally. [Obs.]
Every kind of thing is laid up several in barns or storehoudses.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
Several
Sev"er*al, n.
1. Each particular taken singly; an item; a detail; an individual.
[Obs.]
There was not time enough to hear . . . The severals. Shak.
2. Persons oe objects, more than two, but not very many.
Several of them neither rose from any conspicuous family, nor left
any behind them. Addison.
3. An inclosed or separate place; inclosure. [Obs.]
They had their several for heathen nations, their several for the
people of their own nation. Hooker.
In several, in a state of separation. [R.] "Where pastures in several
be." Tusser.
Severality
Sev`er*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Severalities (. Each particular taken
singly; distinction. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Severalize
Sev"er*al*ize (?), v. t. To distinguish. [Obs.]
Severally
Sev"er*al*ly, adv. Separately; distinctly; apart from others;
individually.
There must be an auditor to check and revise each severally by
itself. De Quincey.
Severalty
Sev"er*al*ty (?), n. A state of separation from the rest, or from all
others; a holding by individual right.
Forests which had never been owned in severalty. Bancroft.
Estate in severalty (Law), an estate which the tenant holds in his own
right, without being joined in interest with any other person; --
distinguished from joint tenancy, coparcenary, and common. Blackstone.
Severance
Sev"er*ance (?), n.
1. The act of severing, or the state of being severed; partition;
separation. Milman.
2. (Law) The act of dividing; the singling or severing of two or more
that join, or are joined, in one writ; the putting in several or
separate pleas or answers by two or more disjointly; the destruction
of the unity of interest in a joint estate. Bouvier.
Severe
Se*vere" (?), a. [Compar. Severer (?); superl. Severest.] [L. severus;
perhaps akin to Gr. swikns innocent, chaste: cf. F. s\'82v\'8are. Cf.
Asseverate, Persevere.]
1. Serious in feeeling or manner; sedate; grave; austere; not light,
lively, or cheerful.
Your looks alter, as your subject does, From kind to fierce, from
wanton to severe. Waller.
2. Very strict in judgment, discipline, or government; harsh; not mild
or indulgent; rigorous; as, severe criticism; severe punishment.
"Custody severe." Milton.
Come! you are too severe a moraler. Shak.
Let your zeal, if it must be expressed in anger, be always more
severe against thyself than against others. Jer. Taylor.
3. Rigidly methodical, or adherent to rule or principle; exactly
conformed to a standard; not allowing or employing unneccessary
ornament, amplification, etc.; strict; -- said of style, argument,
etc. "Restrained by reason and severe principles." Jer. Taylor.
The Latin, a most severe and compendious language. Dryden.
4. Sharp; afflictive; distressing; violent; extreme; as, severe pain,
anguish, fortune; severe cold.
5. Difficult to be endured; exact; critical; rigorous; as, a severe
test. Syn. -- Strict; grave; austere; stern; morose; rigid; exact;
rigorous; hard; rough; harsh; censorious; tart; acrimonious;
sarcastic; satirical; cutting; biting; keen; bitter; cruel. See
Strict. -- Se*vere"ly, adv. -- Se*vere"ness, n.
Severity
Se*ver"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Severities (#). [L. severitas: cf. F.
s\'82v\'82rit\'82.] The quality or state of being severe.
Specifically: -- (a) Gravity or austerity; extreme strictness; rigor;
harshness; as, the severity of a reprimand or a reproof; severity of
discipline or government; severity of penalties. "Strict age, and sour
severity." Milton. (b) The quality or power of distressing or paining;
extreme degree; extremity; intensity; inclemency; as, the severity of
pain or anguish; the severity of cold or heat; the severity of the
winter. (c) Harshness; cruel treatment; sharpness of punishment; as,
severity practiced on prisoners of war. (d) Exactness; rigorousness;
strictness; as, the severity of a test.
Confining myself to the severity of truth. Dryden.
Severy
Sev"er*y (?), n. [Prob. corrupted fr. ciborium. Oxf. Gloss.] (Arch.) A
bay or compartment of a vaulted ceiling. [Written also civery.]
Sevocation
Sev`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L. sevocare, sevocatum, to call aside.] A
calling aside. [Obs.]
S\'8avres blue
S\'8a"vres blue` (?). A very light blue.
S\'8avres ware
S\'8a"vres ware` (?). Porcelain manufactured at S\'8avres, France,
ecpecially in the national factory situated there.
Sew
Sew (?), n.[OE. See Sewer household officer.] Juice; gravy; a seasoned
dish; a delicacy. [Obs.] Gower.
I will not tell of their strange sewes. Chaucer.
Sew
Sew, v. t. [See Sue to follow.] To follow; to pursue; to sue. [Obs.]
Chaucer. Spenser.
Sew
Sew (?), v. t. [imp. Sewed (?); p. p. Sewed, rarely Sewn (; p. pr. &
vb. n. Sewing.] [OE. sewen, sowen, AS. si\'a2wian, s\'c6wian; akin to
OHG. siuwan, Icel. s, Sw. sy, Dan. sye, Goth. siujan, Lith. siuti,
Russ, shite, L. ssuere, Gr. siv. &root;156. Cf. Seam a suture,
Suture.]
1. To unite or fasten together by stitches, as with a needle and
thread.
No man also seweth a piece of new cloth on an old garment. Mark ii.
21.
2. To close or stop by ssewing; -- often with up; as, to sew up a rip.
3. To inclose by sewing; -- sometimes with up; as, to sew money in a
bag.
Sew
Sew, v. i. To practice sewing; to work with needle and thread.
Sew
Sew (?), v. t. [&root;151 b. See Sewer a drain.] To drain, as a pond,
for taking the fish. [Obs.] Tusser.
Sewage
Sew"age (?), n.
1. The contents of a sewer or drain; refuse liquids or matter carried
off by sewers
2. Sewerage, 2.
Sewe
Sewe (?), v. i. To perform the duties of a sewer. See 3d Sewer. [Obs.]
Sewel
Sew"el (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A scarecrow, generally made of
feathers tied to a string, hung up to prevent deer from breaking into
a place. Halliwell.
Sewellel
Se*wel"lel (?), n. [Of American Indian origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar
gregarious burrowing rodent (Haplodon rufus), native of the coast
region of the Northwestern United States. It somewhat resembles a
muskrat or marmot, but has only a rudimentary tail. Its head is broad,
its eyes are small and its fur is brownish above, gray beneath. It
constitutes the family Haplodontid\'91. Called also boomer, showt'l,
and mountain beaver.
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Sewen
Sew"en (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A British trout usually regarded as a
variety (var. Cambricus) of the salmon trout.
Sewer
Sew"er (?), n.
1. One who sews, or stitches.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A small tortricid moth whose larva sews together the
edges of a leaf by means of silk; as, the apple-leaf sewer
(Phoxopteris nubeculana)
Sewer
Sew"er (?), n. [OF. sewiere, seuwiere, ultimately fr. L. ex out + a
derivative of aqua water; cf. OF. essevour a drain, essever, esseuwer,
essiaver, to cause to flow, to drain, to flow, LL. exaquatorium a
channel through which water runs off. Cf. Ewer, Aquarium.] A drain or
passage to carry off water and filth under ground; a subterraneous
channel, particularly in cities.
Sewer
Sew"er, n. [Cf. OE. assewer, and asseour, OF. asseour, F. asseoir to
seat, to set, L. assidere to sit by; ad + sedere to sit (cf. Sit); or
cf. OE. sew pottage, sauce, boiled meat, AS. se\'a0w juice, Skr. su to
press out.] Formerly, an upper servant, or household officer, who set
on and removed the dishes at a feast, and who also brought water for
the hands of the guests.
Then the sewer Poured water from a great and golden ewer, That from
their hands to a silver caldron ran. Chapman.
Sewerage
Sew"er*age (?), n.
1. The construction of a sewer or sewers.
2. The system of sewers in a city, town, etc.; the general drainage of
a city or town by means of sewers.
3. The material collected in, and discharged by, sewers. [In this
sense sewage is preferable and common.]
Sewin
Sew"in (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sewen.
Sewing
Sew"ing (?), n.
1. The act or occupation of one who sews.
2. That which is sewed with the needle.
Sewing horse (Harness making), a clamp, operated by the foot, for
holding pieces of leather while being sewed. -- Sewing machine, a
machine for sewing or stitching. -- Sewing press, OR Sewing table
(Bookbinding), a fixture or table having a frame in which are held the
cords to which the back edges of folded sheets are sewed to form a
book.
Sewster
Sew"ster (?), n. A seamstress. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Sex-
Sex- (?). [L. sex six. See Six.] A combining form meaning six; as,
sexdigitism; sexennial.
Sex
Sex, n. [L. sexus: cf. F. sexe.]
1. The distinguishing peculiarity of male or female in both animals
and plants; the physical difference between male and female; the
assemblage of properties or qualities by which male is distinguished
from female.
2. One of the two divisions of organic beings formed on the
distinction of male and female.
3. (Bot.) (a) The capability in plants of fertilizing or of being
fertilized; as, staminate and pistillate flowers are of opposite
sexes. (b) One of the groups founded on this distinction.
The sex, the female sex; women, in general.
Sexagenarian
Sex`a*ge*na"ri*an (?), n. [See Sexagenary.] A person who is sixty
years old.
Sexagenary
Sex*ag"e*na*ry (?), a. [L. sexagenarius, fr. sexageni sixty each, akin
to sexaginta sixty, sex six: cf. sexag\'82naire. See Six.] Pertaining
to, or designating, the number sixty; poceeding by sixties; sixty
years old. Sexagenary arithmetic. See under Sexagesimal. --
Sexagenary, OR Sexagesimal, scale (Math.), a scale of numbers in which
the modulus is sixty. It is used in treating the divisions of the
circle.
Sexagenary
Sex*ag"e*na*ry, n.
1. Something composed of sixty parts or divisions.
2. A sexagenarian. Sir W. Scott.
Sexagesima
Sex`a*ges"i*ma (?), n. [L., fem. of sexagesimus sixtieth, fr.
sexaginta sixty.] (Eccl.) The second Sunday before Lent; -- so called
as being about the sixtieth day before Easter.
Sexagesimal
Sex`a*ges"i*mal (?), a. [Cf. F. sexag\'82simal.] Pertaining to, or
founded on, the number sixty. Sexagesimal fractions OR numbers (Arith.
& Alg.), those fractions whose denominators are some power of sixty;
as, , , ; -- called also astronomical fractions, because formerly
there were no others used in astronomical calculations. --
Sexagesimal, OR Sexagenary, arithmetic, the method of computing by the
sexagenary scale, or by sixties. -- Sexagesimal scale (Math.), the
sexagenary scale.
Sexagesimal
Sex`a*ges"i*mal, n. A sexagesimal fraction.
Sexangle
Sex"an`gle (?), n. [L. sexangulus sexangular; sex six + angulus angle:
cf. F. sexangle. Cf. Hexangular.] (Geom.) A hexagon. [R.] Hutton.
Sexangled, Sexangular
Sex"an`gled (?), Sex*an"gu*lar (?) a. [Cf. F. sexangulaire.] Having
six angles; hexagonal. [R.] Dryden.
Sexangularly
Sex*an"gu*lar*ly, adv. Hexagonally. [R.]
Sexavalent
Sex*av"a*lent (?), a. See Sexivalent. [R.]
Sexdigitism
Sex*dig"it*ism (?), n. [Sex- + digit.] The state of having six fingers
on a hand, or six toes on a foot.
Sexdigitist
Sex*dig"it*ist, n. One who has six fingers on a hand, or six toes on a
foot.
Sexed
Sexed (?), a. Belonging to sex; having sex; distinctively male of
female; as, the sexed condition.
Sexenary
Sex"e*na*ry (?), a. Proceeding by sixes; sextuple; -- applied
especially to a system of arithmetical computation in which the base
is six.
Sexennial
Sex*en"ni*al (?), a. [L. sexennium a period of six years, sexennis of
six years; sex six + annus a year. See Six, and Annual.] Lasting six
years, or happening once in six years. -- n. A sexennial event.
Sexennially
Sex*en"ni*al*ly, adv. Once in six years.
Sexfid, Sexifid
Sex"fid (?), Sex"i*fid (?), a. [Sex- + root of L. findere to split:
cf. F. sexfide.] (Bot.) Six-cleft; as, a sexfid calyx or nectary.
Sexisyllabic
Sex`i*syl*lab"ic (?), a. [Sex- + syllabic.] Having six syllables.
Emerson.
Sexisyllable
Sex"i*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Sex- + syllable.] A word of six syllables.
Sexivalent
Sex*iv"a*lent (?), a. [Sex- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valence.] (hem.)
Hexavalent. [R.]
Sexless
Sex"less (?), a. Having no sex.
Sexlocular
Sex`loc"u*lar (?), a. [Sex- + locular: cf. F. sexloculaire.] (Bot.)
Having six cells for seeds; six-celled; as, a sexlocular pericarp.
Sexly
Sex"ly (?), a. Pertaining to sex. [R.]
Should I ascribe any of these things unto myself or my sexly
weakness, I were not worthy to live. Queen Elizabeth.
Sexradiate
Sex*ra"di*ate (?), a. [Sex- + radiate.] (Zo\'94l.) Having six rays; --
said of certain sponge spicules. See Illust. of Spicule.
Sext
Sext (?), n. [L. sexta, fem. of sextus sixtt, fr. sex six: cf. F.
sexte.] (R.C.Ch.) (a) The office for the sixth canonical hour, being a
part of the Breviary. (b) The sixth book of the decretals, added by
Pope Boniface VIII.
Sextain
Sex"tain, n. [L. sextus sixth, fr. sex six: cf. It. sestina.] (Pros.)
A stanza of six lines; a sestine.
Sextans
Sex"tans (?), n. [L. See Sextant.]
1. (Rom. Antiq.) A Roman coin, the sixth part of an as.
2. (Astron.) A constellation on the equator south of Leo; the Sextant.
Sextant
Sex"tant (?), n. [L. sextans, -antis, the sixth part of an as, fr.
sextus sixth, sex six. See Six.]
1. (Math.) The sixth part of a circle.
2. An instrument for measuring angular distances between objects, --
used esp. at sea, for ascertaining the latitude and longitude. It is
constructed on the same optical principle as Hadley's quadrant, but
usually of metal, with a nicer graduation, telescopic sight, and its
arc the sixth, and sometimes the third, part of a circle. See
Quadrant.
3. (Astron.) The constellation Sextans.
Box sextant, a small sextant inclosed in a cylindrical case to make it
more portable.
Sextary
Sex"ta*ry (?), n.; pl. Sextaries (#). [L. sextarius the sixth part of
a measure, weight, etc., fr. sextus sixth, sex six.] (Rom. Antiq.) An
ancient Roman liquid and dry measure, about equal to an English pint.
Sextary
Sex"ta*ry (?), n. [For sextonry.] A sacristy. [Obs.]
Sextet, Sextetto
Sex*tet" (?), Sex*tet"to (?), n. (Mus.) See Sestet.
Sexteyn
Sex"teyn (?), n. A sacristan. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sextic
Sex"tic (?), a. [L. sextus sixth.] (Math.) Of the sixth degree or
order. -- n. (Alg.) A quantic of the sixth degree.
Sextile
Sex"tile (?), a. [F. sextil, fr. L. sextus the sixth, from sex six.
See Six.] (Astrol.) Measured by sixty degrees; fixed or indicated by a
distance of sixty degrees. Glanvill.
Sextile
Sex"tile, n. [Cf. F. aspect sextil.] (Astrol.) The aspect or position
of two planets when distant from each other sixty degrees, or two
signs. This position is marked thus: <8star/. Hutton.
Sextillion
Sex*til"lion (?), n. [Formed (in imitation of million) fr. L. sextus
sixth, sex six: cf. F. sextilion.] According to the method of
numeration (which is followed also in the United States), the number
expressed by a unit with twenty-one ciphers annexed. According to the
English method, a million raised to the sixth power, or the number
expressed by a unit with thirty-six ciphers annexed. See Numeration.
Sexto
Sex"to (?), n.; pl. Sextos (#). [L. sextus sixth.] A book consisting
of sheets each of which is folded into six leaves.
Sextodecimo
Sex`to*dec"i*mo (?), a. [L. sextus-decimus the sixteenth; sextus the
sixth (fr. sex six) + decimus the tenth, from decem ten. See -mo.]
Having sixteen leaves to a sheet; of, or equal to, the size of one
fold of a sheet of printing paper when folded so as to make sixteen
leaves, or thirty-two pages; as, a sextodecimo volume.
Sextodecimo
Sex`to*dec"imo, n.; pl. Sextodecimos (. A book composed of sheets each
of which is folded into sixteen leaves; hence, indicating, more or
less definitely, a size of a book; -- usually written 16mo, or 16°.
Sextolet
Sex"to*let (?), n. (Mus.) A double triplet; a group of six equal notes
played in the time of four.
Sexton
Sex"ton (?), n. [OE. sextein, contr. fr. sacristan.] An under officer
of a church, whose business is to take care of the church building and
the vessels, vestments, etc., belonging to the church, to attend on
the officiating clergyman, and to perform other duties pertaining to
the church, such as to dig graves, ring the bell, etc. Sexton beetle
(Zo\'94l.), a burying beetle.
Sextoness
Sex"ton*ess, n. A female sexton; a sexton's wife.
Sextonry
Sex"ton*ry (?), n. Sextonship. [Obs.] Ld. Bernes.
Sextonship
Sex"ton*ship, n. The office of a sexton. Swift.
Sextry
Sex"try (?), n. See Sacristy. [Obs.]
Sextuple
Sex"tu*ple (?), a. [Formed (in imitation of quadruple) fr. L. sextus
sixth: cf. F. sextuple.]
1. Six times as much; sixfold.
2. (Mus.) Divisible by six; having six beats; as, sixtuple measure.
Sexual
Sex"u*al (?), a. [L. sexualis, fr. sexus sex: cf. F. sexuel.] Of or
pertaining to sex, or the sexes; distinguishing sex; peculiar to the
distinction and office of male or female; relating to the distinctive
genital organs of the sexes; proceeding from, or based upon, sex; as,
sexual characteristics; sexual intercourse, connection, or commerce;
sexual desire; sexual diseases; sexual generation. Sexual dimorphism
(Biol.), the condition of having one of the sexes existing in two
forms, or varieties, differing in color, size, etc., as in many
species of butterflies which have two kinds of females. -- Sexual
method (Bot.), a method of classification proposed by Linn\'91us,
founded mainly on difference in number and position of the stamens and
pistils of plants. -- Sexual selection (Biol.), the selective
preference of one sex for certain characteristics in the other, such
as bright colors, musical notes, etc.; also, the selection which
results from certain individuals of one sex having more opportunities
of pairing with the other sex, on account of greater activity,
strength, courage, etc.; applied likewise to that kind of evolution
which results from such sexual preferences. Darwin.
In these cases, therefore, natural selection seems to have acted
independently of sexual selection. A. R. Wallace.
Sexualist
Sex"u*al*ist, n. (Bot.) One who classifies plants by the sexual method
of Linn\'91us.
Sexuality
Sex`u*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being distinguished by
sex. Lindley.
Sexualize
Sex"u*al*ize (?), v. t. To attribute sex to.
Sexually
Sex"u*al*ly, adv. In a sexual manner or relation.
Sey, Seyh
Sey (?), Seyh (?), obs. imp. sing. & 2d pers. pl. of See. Chaucer.
Seye, Seyen
Seye (?), Seyen (?), obs. imp. pl. & p. p. of See.
Seynd
Seynd (?), obs. p. p. of Senge, to singe. Chaucer.
Seynt
Seynt (?), n. A gridle. See 1st Seint. [Obs.]
Sforzando, Sforzato
Sfor*zan"do (?), Sfor*za"to (?), a. [It. sforzando, p. pr., and
sforzato, p. p. of sforzare to force.] (Mus.) Forcing or forced; -- a
direction placed over a note, to signify that it must be executed with
peculiar emphasis and force; -- marked fz (an abbreviation of
forzando), sf, sfz, or
Sfumato
Sfu*ma"to (?), a. [It.] (Paint.) Having vague outlines, and colors and
shades so mingled as to give a misty appearance; -- said of a
painting.
Sgraffito
Sgraf*fi"to (?), a. [It.] (Paint.) Scratched; -- said of decorative
painting of a certain style, in which a white overland surface is cut
or scratched through, so as to form the design from a dark ground
underneath.
Shab
Shab (?), n. [OE. shabbe, AS. sc. See Scab.] The itch in animals;
also, a scab. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Shab
Shab, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shabbing.] [See
Scab, 3.] To play mean tricks; to act shabbily. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]
Shab
Shab, v. t. To scratch; to rub. [Obs.] Farquhar.
Shabbed
Shab"bed (?), a. Shabby. [Obs.] Wood.
Shabbily
Shab"bi*ly (?), adv. In a shabby manner.
Shabbiness
Shab"bi*ness, n. The quality or state of being sghabby.
Shabble, Shabble
Shab"ble (?), Shab"ble, n.[Cf. D. sabel, and G. s\'84bel.] A kind of
crooked sword or hanger. [Scot.]
Shabby
Shab"by (?), a. [Compar. Shabbier (?); superl. Shabbiest.] [See Shab,
n., Scabby, and Scab.]
1. Torn or worn to rage; poor; mean; ragged.
Wearing shabby coats and dirty shirts. Macaulay.
2. Clothed with ragged, much worn, or soiled garments. "The dean was
so shabby." Swift.
3. Mean; paltry; despicable; as, shabby treatment. "Very shabby
fellows." Clarendon.
Shabrack
Shab"rack (?), n. [Turk. tsh\'bepr\'bek, whence F. chabraque, G.
shabracke.] (Mil.) The saddlecloth or housing of a cavalry horse.
Shack
Shack (?), v. t. [Prov. E., to shake, to shed. See Shake.]
1. To shed or fall, as corn or grain at harvest. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
2. To feed in stubble, or upon waste corn. [Prov. Eng.]
3. To wander as a vagabond or a tramp. [Prev.Eng.]
Shack
Shack, n. [Cf. Scot. shag refuse of barley or oats.]
1. The grain left after harvest or gleaning; also, nuts which have
fallen to the ground. [Prov. Eng.]
2. Liberty of winter pasturage. [Prov. Eng.]
3. A shiftless fellow; a low, itinerant beggar; a vagabond; a tramp.
[Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] Forby.
All the poor old shacks about the town found a friend in Deacon
Marble. H. W. Beecher.
Common of shack (Eng.Law), the right of persons occupying lands lying
together in the same common field to turn out their cattle to range in
it after harvest. Cowell.
Shackatory
Shack"a*to*ry (?), n. A hound. [Obs.]
Shackle
Shac"kle (?), n. Stubble. [Prov. Eng.] Pegge.
Shackle
Shac"kle, n. [Generally used in the plural.] [OE. schakkyll, schakle,
AS. scacul, sceacul, a shackle, fr. scacan to shake; cf. D. schakel a
link of a chain, a mesh, Icel. sk\'94kull the pole of a cart. See
Shake.]
1. Something which confines the legs or arms so as to prevent their
free motion; specifically, a ring or band inclosing the ankle or
wrist, and fastened to a similar shackle on the other leg or arm, or
to something else, by a chain or a strap; a gyve; a fetter.
His shackles empty left; himself escaped clean. Spenser.
2. Hence, that which checks or prevents free action.
His very will seems to be in bonds and shackles. South.
3. A fetterlike band worn as an ornament.
Most of the men and women . . . had all earrings made of gold, and
gold shackles about their legs and arms. Dampier.
4. A link or loop, as in a chain, fitted with a movable bolt, so that
the parts can be separated, or the loop removed; a clevis.
5. A link for connecting railroad cars; -- called also drawlink,
draglink, etc.
6. The hinged and curved bar of a padlock, by which it is hung to the
staple. Knight.
Shackle joint (Anat.), a joint formed by a bony ring passing through a
hole in a bone, as at the bases of spines in some fishes.
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Page 1321
Shackle
Shac"kle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shackled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shackling.]
1. To tie or confine the limbs of, so as to prevent free motion; to
bind with shackles; to fetter; to chain.
To lead him shackled, and exposed to scorn Of gathering crowds, the
Britons' boasted chief. J. Philips.
2. Figuratively: To bind or confine so as to prevent or embarrass
action; to impede; to cumber.
Shackled by her devotion to the king, she seldom could pursue that
object. Walpole.
3. To join by a link or chain, as railroad cars. [U. S.]
Shackle bar, the coupling between a locomotive and its tender. [U.S.]
-- Shackle bolt, a shackle. Sir W. Scott.
Shacklock
Shack"lock` (?), n. A sort of shackle. [Obs.]
Shackly
Shack"ly, a. Shaky; rickety. [Colloq. U. S.]
Shad
Shad (?), n. sing. & pl. [AS. sceadda a kind of fish, akin to Prov. G.
schade; cf. Ir. & Gael. sgadan a herring, W. ysgadan herrings; all
perhaps akin to E. skate a fish.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several
species of food fishes of the Herring family. The American species
(Clupea sapidissima), which is abundant on the Atlantic coast and
ascends the larger rivers in spring to spawn, is an important market
fish. The European allice shad, or alose (C. alosa), and the twaite
shad. (C. finta), are less important species. [Written also chad.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is loosely applied, also, to several other
fishes, as the gizzard shad (see under Gizzard), called also mud
shad, white-eyed shad, and winter shad.
Hardboaded, OR Yellow-tailed, shad, the menhaden. -- Hickory, OR
Tailor, shad, the mattowacca. -- Long-boned shad, one of several
species of important food fishes of the Bermudas and the West Indies,
of the genus Gerres. -- Shad bush (Bot.), a name given to the North
American shrubs or small trees of the rosaceous genus Amelanchier (A.
Canadensis, and A. alnifolia) Their white racemose blossoms open in
April or May, when the shad appear, and the edible berries (pomes)
ripen in June or July, whence they are called Juneberries. The plant
is also called service tree, and Juneberry. -- Shad frog, an American
spotted frog (Rana halecina); -- so called because it usually appears
at the time when the shad begin to run in the rivers. -- Trout shad,
the squeteague. -- White shad,the common shad.
Shadbird
Shad"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The American, or Wilson's, snipe.
See under Snipe. So called because it appears at the same time as the
shad. (b) The common European sandpiper. [Prov. Eng.]
Shadd
Shadd (?), n. (Mining.) Rounded stones containing tin ore, lying at
the surface of the ground, and indicating a vein. Raymond.
Shadde
Shad"de (?), obs. imp. of Shed. Chaucer.
Shaddock
Shad"dock (?), n. [Said to be so called from a Captain Shaddock, who
first brought this fruit from the East Indies.] (Bot.) A tree (Citrus
decumana) and its fruit, which is a large species of orange; -- called
also forbidden fruit, and pompelmous.
Shade
Shade (?), n. [OE. shade, shadewe, schadewe, AS. sceadu, scead; akin
to OS. skado, D. schaduw, OHG. scato, (gen. scatewes), G. schatten,
Goth. skadus, Ir. & Gael. sgath, and probably to Gr. Shadow, Shed a
hat.]
1. Comparative obscurity owing to interception or interruption of the
rays of light; partial darkness caused by the intervention of
something between the space contemplated and the source of light.
NOTE: &hand; Sh ade differs from shadow as it implies no particular
form or definite limit; whereas a shadow represents in form the
object which intercepts the light. When we speak of the shade of a
tree, we have no reference to its form; but when we speak of
measuring a pyramid or other object by its shadow, we have
reference to its form and extent.
2. Darkness; obscurity; -- often in the plural.
The shades of night were falling fast. Longfellow.
3. An obscure place; a spot not exposed to light; hence, a secluded
retreat.
Let us seek out some desolate shade, and there Weep our sad bosoms
empty. Shak.
4. That which intercepts, or shelters from, light or the direct rays
of the sun; hence, also, that which protects from heat or currents of
air; a screen; protection; shelter; cover; as, a lamp shade.
The Lord is thy shade upon thy right hand. Ps. cxxi. 5.
Sleep under a fresh tree's shade. Shak.
Let the arched knife well sharpened now assail the spreading shades
of vegetables. J. Philips.
5. Shadow. [Poetic.]
Envy will merit, as its shade, pursue. Pope.
6. The soul after its separation from the body; -- so called because
the ancients it to be perceptible to the sight, though not to the
touch; a spirit; a ghost; as, the shades of departed heroes.
Swift as thought the flitting shade Thro' air his momentary journey
made. Dryden.
7. (Painting, Drawing, etc.) The darker portion of a picture; a less
illuminated part. See Def. 1, above.
8. Degree or variation of color, as darker or lighter, stronger or
paler; as, a delicate shade of pink.
White, red, yellow, blue, with their several degrees, or shades and
mixtures, as green only in by the eyes. Locke.
9. A minute difference or variation, as of thought, belief,
expression, etc.; also, the quality or degree of anything which is
distinguished from others similar by slight differences; as, the
shades of meaning in synonyms.
New shades and combinations of thought. De Quincey.
Every shade of religious and political opinion has its own
headquarters. Macaulay.
The Shades, the Nether World; the supposed abode of souls after
leaving the body.
Shade
Shade (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Shading.]
1. To shelter or screen by intercepting the rays of light; to keep off
illumination from. Milton.
I went to crop the sylvan scenes, And shade our altars with their
leafy greens. Dryden.
2. To shelter; to cover from injury; to protect; to screen; to hide;
as, to shade one's eyes.
Ere in our own house I do shade my head. Shak.
3. To obscure; to dim the brightness of.
Thou shad'st The full blaze of thy beams. Milton.
4. To pain in obscure colors; to darken.
5. To mark with gradations of light or color.
6. To present a shadow or image of; to shadow forth; to represent.
[Obs.]
[The goddess] in her person cunningly did shade That part of
Justice which is Equity. Spenser.
Shadeful
Shade"ful (?), a. Full of shade; shady.
Shadeless
Shade"less, a. Being without shade; not shaded.
Shader
Shad"er (?), n. One who, or that which, shades.
Shadily
Shad"i*ly (?), adv. In a shady manner.
Shadiness
Shad"i*ness, n. Quality or state of being shady.
Shading
Shad"ing, n.
1. Act or process of making a shade.
2. That filling up which represents the effect of more or less
darkness, expressing rotundity, projection, etc., in a picture or a
drawing.
Shadoof
Sha*doof" (?), n. [Ar. sh\'bed.] A machine, resembling a well sweep,
used in Egypt for raising water from the Nile for irrigation.
Shadow
Shad"ow (?), n. [Originally the same word as shade. &root;162. See
Shade.]
1. Shade within defined limits; obscurity or deprivation of light,
apparent on a surface, and representing the form of the body which
intercepts the rays of light; as, the shadow of a man, of a tree, or
of a tower. See the Note under Shade, n., 1.
2. Darkness; shade; obscurity.
Night's sable shadows from the ocean rise. Denham.
3. A shaded place; shelter; protection; security.
In secret shadow from the sunny ray, On a sweet bed of lilies
softly laid. Spenser.
4. A reflected image, as in a mirror or in water. Shak.
5. That which follows or attends a person or thing like a shadow; an
inseparable companion; hence, an obsequious follower.
Sin and her shadow Death. Milton.
6. A spirit; a ghost; a shade; a phantom. "Hence, horrible shadow!"
Shak.
7. An imperfect and faint representation; adumbration; indistinct
image; dim bodying forth; hence, mystical reprresentation; type.
The law having a shadow of good things to come. Heb. x. 1.
[Types] and shadows of that destined seed. Milton.
8. A small degree; a shade. "No variableness, neither shadow of
turning." James i. 17.
9. An uninvited guest coming with one who is invited. [A Latinism]
Nares.
I must not have my board pastered with shadows That under other
men's protection break in Without invitement. Massinger.
Shadow of death, darkness or gloom like that caused by the presence or
the impending of death. Ps. xxiii. 4.
Shadow
Shad"ow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shadowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shadowing.]
[OE. shadowen, AS. sceadwian. See adow, n.]
1. To cut off light from; to put in shade; to shade; to throw a shadow
upon; to overspead with obscurity.
The warlike elf much wondered at this tree, So fair and great, that
shadowed all the ground. Spenser.
2. To conceal; to hide; to screen. [R.]
Let every soldier hew him down a bough. And bear't before him;
thereby shall we shadow The numbers of our host. Shak.
3. To protect; to shelter from danger; to shroud.
Shadoving their right under your wings of war. Shak.
4. To mark with gradations of light or color; to shade.
5. To represent faintly or imperfectly; to adumbrate; hence, to
represent typically.
Augustus is shadowed in the person of Dryden.
6. To cloud; to darken; to cast a gloom over.
The shadowed livery of the burnished sun. Shak.
Why sad? I must not see the face O love thus shadowed. Beau & Fl.
7. To attend as closely as a shadow; to follow and watch closely,
especially in a secret or unobserved manner; as, a detective shadows a
criminal.
Shadowiness
Shad"ow*i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shadowy.
Shadowing
Shad"ow*ing, n.
1. Shade, or gradation of light and color; shading. Feltham.
2. A faint representation; an adumbration.
There are . . . in savage theology shadowings, quaint or majestic,
of the conception of a Supreme Deity. Tylor.
Shadowish
Shad"ow*ish, a. Shadowy; vague. [Obs.] Hooker.
Shadowless
Shad"ow*less, a. Having no shadow.
Shadowy
Shad"ow*y (?), a.
1. Full of shade or shadows; causing shade or shadow. "Shadowy
verdure." Fenton.
This shadowy desert, unfrequented woods. Shak.
2. Hence, dark; obscure; gloomy; dim. "The shadowy past." Longfellow.
3. Not brightly luminous; faintly light.
The moon . . . with more pleasing light, Shadowy sets off the face
things. Milton.
4. Faintly representative; hence, typical.
From sshadowy types to truth, from flesh to spirit. Milton.
5. Unsubstantial; unreal; as, shadowy honor.
Milton has brought into his poems two actors of a shadowy and
fictitious nature, in the persons of Sin and Death. Addison.
Shadrach
Sha"drach (?), n. (Metal.) A mass of iron on which the operation of
smelting has failed of its intended effect; -- so called from
Shadrach, one of the three Hebrews who came forth unharmed from the
fiery furnace of Nebuchadnezzar. (See Dan. iii. 26, 27.)
Shad-spirit
Shad"-spir`it (?), n. See Shadbird (a)
Shad-waiter
Shad"-wait`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A lake whitefish; the roundfish. See
Roundfish.
Shady
Shad"y (?), a. [Compar. Shadier (?); superl. Shadiest.]
1. Abounding in shade or shades; overspread with shade; causing shade.
The shady trees cover him with their shadow. Job. xl. 22.
And Amaryllis fills the shady groves. Dryden.
2. Sheltered from the glare of light or sultry heat.
Cast it also that you may have rooms shady for summer and warm for
winter. Bacon.
3. Of or pertaining to shade or darkness; hence, unfit to be seen or
known; equivocal; dubious or corrupt. [Colloq.] "A shady business."
London Sat. Rev.
Shady characters, disreputable, criminal. London Spectator.
On the shady side of, on the thither side of; as, on the shady side of
fifty; that is, more than fifty. [Colloq.] -- To keep shady, to stay
in concealment; also, to be reticent. [Slang]
Shaffle
Shaf"fle (?), v. i. [See Shuffle.] To hobble or limp; to shuffle.
[Obs. or Prov.Eng.]
Shaffler
Shaf"fler (?), n. A hobbler; one who limps; a shuffer. [Obs. or
Prov.Eng.]
Shafiite
Sha"fi*ite (?), n. A member of one of the four sects of the Sunnites,
or Orthodox Mohammedans; -- so called from its founder, Mohammed
al-Shafe\'8b.
Shaft
Shaft (?), n. [OE. shaft, schaft, AS. sceaft; akin to D. schacht, OHG.
scaft, G. schaft, Dan. & Sw. skaft handle, haft, Icel. skapt, and
probably to L. scapus, Gr. Scape, Scepter, Shave.]
1. The slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence, an arrow.
His sleep, his meat, his drink, is him bereft, That lean he wax,
and dry as is a shaft. Chaucer.
A shaft hath three principal parts, the stele [stale], the
feathers, and the head. Ascham.
2. The long handle of a spear or similar weapon; hence, the weapon
itself; (Fig.) anything regarded as a shaft to be thrown or darted;
as, shafts of light.
And the thunder, Winged with red lightning and impetuous rage,
Perhaps hath spent his shafts. Milton.
Some kinds of literary pursuits . . . have been attacked with all
the shafts of ridicule. V. Knox.
3. That which resembles in some degree the stem or handle of an arrow
or a spear; a long, slender part, especially when cylindrical.
Specifically: (a) (Bot.) The trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) The stem or midrib of a feather. See Illust. of Feather.
(c) The pole, or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill. (d) The part of
a candlestick which supports its branches.
Thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold . . . his shaft, and his
branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, shall be of the
same. Ex. xxv. 31.
(e) The handle or helve of certain tools, instruments, etc., as a
hammer, a whip, etc. (f) A pole, especially a Maypole. [Obs.] Stow.
(g) (Arch.) The body of a column; the cylindrical pillar between the
capital and base (see Illust. of Column). Also, the part of a chimney
above the roof. Also, the spire of a steeple. [Obs. or R.] Gwilt. (h)
A column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped or columnar monument.
Bid time and nature gently spare The shaft we raise to thee.
Emerson.
(i) (Weaving) A rod at the end of a heddle. (j) (Mach.) A solid or
hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests
and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other
revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the shaft of a
steam engine. See Illust. of Countershaft.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A humming bird (Thaumastura cora) having two of the tail
feathers next to the middle ones very long in the male; -- called also
cora humming bird.
5. [Cf. G. schacht.] (Mining) A well-like excavation in the earth,
perpendicular or nearly so, made for reaching and raising ore, for
raising water, etc.
6. A long passage for the admission or outlet of air; an air shaft.
7. The chamber of a blast furnace.
Line shaft (Mach.), a main shaft of considerable length, in a shop or
factory, usually bearing a number of pulleys by which machines are
driven, commonly by means of countershafts; -- called also line, or
main line. -- Shaft alley (Naut.), a passage extending from the engine
room to the stern, and containing the propeller shaft. -- Shaft
furnace (Metal.), a furnace, in the form of a chimney, which is
charged at the top and tapped at the bottom.
Shafted
Shaft"ed, a.
1. Furnished with a shaft, or with shafts; as, a shafted arch.
2. (Her.) Having a shaft; -- applied to a spear when the head and the
shaft are of different tinctures.
Shafting
Shaft"ing, n. (Mach.) Shafts, collectivelly; a system of connected
shafts for communicating motion.
Shaftman, Shaftment
Shaft"man (?), Shaft"ment (?), n. [AS. sceaftmund.] A measure of about
six inches. [Obs.]
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Shag
Shag (?), n. [AS. sceacga a bush of hair; akin to Icel. skegg the
beard, Sw. sk\'84gg, Dan. skj. Cf. Schock of hair.]
1. Coarse hair or nap; rough, woolly hair.
True Witney broadcloth, with its shag unshorn. Gay.
2. A kind of cloth having a long, coarse nap.
3. (Com.) A kind of prepared tobacco cut fine.
4. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of cormorant.
Shag
Shag, a. Hairy; shaggy. Shak.
Shag
Shag, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shagging.] To
make hairy or shaggy; hence, to make rough.
Shag the green zone that bounds the boreal skies. J. Barlow.
<-- (Sport) To chase, as (a) to chase and return balls hit out of
bounds. (b) (Baseball) to catch fly balls for practise. -->
Shagbark
Shag"bark` (?), n. (Bot.) A rough-barked species of hickory (Carya
alba), its nut. Called also shellbark. See Hickory. (b) The West
Indian Pithecolobium micradenium, a legiminous tree with a red
coiled-up pod.
Shagebush
Shage"bush` (?), n. A sackbut. [Obs.]
Shagged
Shag"ged (?), a. Shaggy; rough. Milton. -- Shag"ged*ness, n. Dr. H.
More.
Shagginess
Shag"gi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shaggy; roughness;
shaggedness.
Shaggy
Shag"gy (?), a. [Compar. Shaggier (?); superl. Shaggiest.] [From Shag,
n.] Rough with long hair or wool.
About his shoulders hangs the shaggy skin. Dryden.
2. Rough; rugged; jaggy. Milton.
[A rill] that winds unseen beneath the shaggy fell. Keble.
Shag-haired
Shag"-haired` (?), a. Having shaggy hair. Shak.
Shag-rag
Shag"-rag` (?), n. The unkempt and ragged part of the community.
[Colloq. or Slang.] R. Browning.
Shagreen
Sha*green" (?), v. t. To chagrin. [Obs.]
Shagreen
Sha*green", n. [F. chagrin, It. zigrino, fr. Turk. saghri the back of
a horse or other beast of burden, shagreen. Cf. Chagrin.]
1. A kind of untanned leather prepared in Russia and the East, from
the skins of horses, asses, and camels, and grained so as to be
covered with small round granulations. This characteristic surface is
produced by pressing small seeds into the grain or hair side when
moist, and afterward, when dry, scraping off the roughness left
between them, and then, by soaking, causing the portions of the skin
which had been compressed or indented by the seeds to swell up into
relief. It is used for covering small cases and boxes.
2. The skin of various small sharks and other fishes when having
small, rough, bony scales. The dogfishes of the genus Scyllium furnish
a large part of that used in the arts.
Shagreen, Shagreened
Sha*green" (?), Sha*greened" (?) a.
1. Made or covered with the leather called shagreen. "A shagreen case
of lancets." T. Hook.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Covered with rough scales or points like those on
shagreen.
Shah
Shah (?), n. [Per. sh\'beh a king, sovereign, prince. Cf. Checkmate,
Chess, Pasha.] The title of the supreme ruler in certain Eastern
countries, especially Persia. [Written also schah.] Shah Nameh. [Per.,
Book of Kings.] A celebrated historical poem written by Firdousi,
being the most ancient in the modern Persian language. Brande & C.
Shahin
Sha*hin" (?), n. [Ar. sh\'beh\'c6n.] (Zo\'94l.) A large and swift
Asiatic falcon (Falco pregrinator) highly valued in falconry.
Shaik
Shaik (?), n. See Sheik.
Shail
Shail (?), v. i. [Cf. AS. sceolh squinting, Icel. skj\'begr wry,
oblique, Dan. skele to squint.] To walk sidewise. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
Shake
Shake (?), obs. p. p. of Shake. Chaucer.
Shake
Shake, v. t. [imp. Shook (?); p. p. Shaken (?), (Shook, obs.); p. pr.
& vb. n. Shaking.] [OE. shaken, schaken, AS. scacan, sceacan; akin to
Icel. & Sw. skaka, OS. skakan, to depart, to flee. &root;161. Cf.
Shock, v.]
1. To cause to move with quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly
one way and the other; to make to tremble or shiver; to agitate.
As a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a
mighty wind. Rev. vi. 13.
Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels That shake heaven's
basis. Milton.
2. Fig.: To move from firmness; to weaken the stability of; to cause
to waver; to impair the resolution of.
When his doctrines grew too strong to be shook by his enemies, they
persecuted his reputation. Atterbury.
Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love Can by his fraud be
shaken or seduced. Milton.
3. (Mus.) To give a tremulous tone to; to trill; as, to shake a note
in music.
4. To move or remove by agitating; to throw off by a jolting or
vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; -- generally with an adverb,
as off, out, etc.; as, to shake fruit down from a tree.
Shake off the golden slumber of repose. Shak.
'Tis our fast intent To shake all cares and business from our age.
Shak.
I could scarcely shake him out of my company. Bunyan.
To shake a cask (Naut.), to knock a cask to pieces and pack the
staves. -- To shake hands, to perform the customary act of civility by
clasping and moving hands, as an expression of greeting, farewell,
good will, agreement, etc. -- To shake out a reef (Naut.), to untile
the reef points and spread more canvas. -- To shake the bells. See
under Bell. -- To shake the sails (Naut.), to luff up in the wind,
causing the sails to shiver. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Shake
Shake, v. i. To be agitated with a waving or vibratory motion; to
tremble; to shiver; to quake; to totter.
Under his burning wheels The steadfast empyrean shook throughout,
All but the throne itself of God. Milton.
What danger? Who 's that that shakes behind there? Beau & FL.
Shaking piece, a name given by butchers to the piece of beef cut from
the under side of the neck. See Illust. of Beef.
Shake
Shake (?), n.
1. The act or result of shaking; a vacillating or wavering motion; a
rapid motion one way and other; a trembling, quaking, or shivering;
agitation.
The great soldier's honor was composed Of thicker stuff, which
could endure a shake. Herbert.
Our salutations were very hearty on both sides, consisting of many
kind shakes of the hand. Addison.
2. A fissure or crack in timber, caused by its being dried too
suddenly. Gwilt.
3. A fissure in rock or earth.
4. (Mus.) A rapid alternation of a principal tone with another
represented on the next degree of the staff above or below it; a
trill.
5. (Naut.) One of the staves of a hogshead or barrel taken apart.
Totten.
6. A shook of staves and headings. Knight.
7. (Zo\'94l.) The redshank; -- so called from the nodding of its head
while on the ground. [Prov. Eng.]
No great shakes, of no great importance. [Slang] Byron. -- The shakes,
the fever and ague. [Colloq. U.S.]
Shakedown
Shake"down` (?), n. A temporary substitute for a bed, as one made on
the floor or on chairs; -- perhaps originally from the shaking down of
straw for this purpose. Sir W. Scott. <-- shake down, v. t. subject to
extortion. -->
Shakefork
Shake"fork` (?), n. A fork for shaking hay; a pitchfork. [Obs.]
Shaken
Shak"en (?), a.
1. Caused to shake; agitated; as, a shaken bough.
2. Cracked or checked; split. See Shake, n., 2.
Nor is the wood shaken or twisted. Barroe.
3. Impaired, as by a shock.
Shaker
Shak"er (?), n.
1. A person or thing that shakes, or by means of which something is
shaken.
2. One of a religious sect who do not marry, popularly so called from
the movements of the members in dancing, which forms a part of their
worship.
NOTE: &hand; Th e se ct or iginated in England in 1747, and came to
the United States in 1774, under the leadership of Mother Ann Lee.
The Shakers are sometimes nicknamed Shaking Quakers, but they
differ from the Quakers in doctrine and practice. They style
themselves the "United Society of Believers in Christ's Second
Appearing." The sect is now confined in the United States.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of pigeon. P. J. Selby.
Shakeress
Shak"er*ess, n. A female Shaker.
Shakerism
Shak"er*ism (?), n. Doctrines of the Shakers.
Shakespearean
Shake*spear"e*an (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or in the style of,
Shakespeare or his works. [Written also Shakespearian, Shakspearean,
Shakspearian, Shaksperean, Shaksperian.etc.]
Shakiness
Shak"i*ness (?), n. Quality of being shaky.
Shakings
Shak"ings (?), n. pl. (Naut.) Deck sweepings, refuse of cordage,
canvas, etc. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Shako
Shak"o (?), n. [Hung. cs\'a0k\'a2: cf. F. shako, schako.] A kind of
military cap or headress.
Shaky
Shak"y (?), a. [Compar. Shakier (?); superl. Shakiest.]
1. Shaking or trembling; as, a shaky spot in a marsh; a shaky hand.
Thackeray.
2. Full of shakes or cracks; cracked; as, shaky timber. Gwilt.
3. Easily shaken; tottering; unsound; as, a shaky constitution; shaky
business credit. [Colloq.]
Shale
Shale (?), n. [AS. scealy, scalu. See Scalme, and cf. Shell.]
1. A shell or husk; a cod or pod. "The green shales of a bean."
Chapman.
2. [G. shale.] (Geol.) A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin,
laminated, and often friable, structure.
Bituminous shale. See under Bituminous.
Shale
Shale, v. t. To take off the shell or coat of; to shell.
Life, in its upper grades, was bursting its shell, or was shaling
off its husk. I. Taylor.
Shall
Shall (?), v. i. & auxiliary. [imp. Should (?).] [OE. shal, schal,
imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde,
sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D.
zullen, pres. zal, imp. zoude, zou, OHG. solan, scolan, pres. scal,
sol. imp. scolta, solta, G. sollen, pres. soll, imp. sollte, Icel.
skulu, pres. skal, imp. skyldi, SW. skola, pres. skall, imp. skulle,
Dan. skulle, pres. skal, imp. skulde, Goth. skulan, pres. skal, imp.
skulda, and to AS. scyld guilt, G. schuld guilt, fault, debt, and
perhaps to L. scelus crime.]
NOTE: [Shall is de fective, ha ving no infinitive, imperative, or
participle.]
1. To owe; to be under obligation for. [Obs.] "By the faith I shall to
God" Court of Love.
2. To be obliged; must. [Obs.] "Me athinketh [I am sorry] that I shall
rehearse it her." Chaucer.
3. As an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or necessity whose
obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you shall go; he
shall go; that is, I order or promise your going. It thus ordinarily
expresses, in the second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a
promise. If the auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more
imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. It is also
employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day shall come when . .
. , " since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly
coincide in significance. In shall with the first person, the
necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere
than in the speaker; as, I shall suffer; we shall see; and there is
always a less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is
indicated by will. "I shall go" implies nearly a simple futurity; more
exactly, a foretelling or an expectation of my going, in which,
naturally enough, a certain degree of plan or intention may be
included; emphasize the shall, and the event is described as certain
to occur, and the expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic
"I will go." In a question, the relation of speaker and source of
obligation is of course transferred to the person addressed; as,
"Shall you go?" (answer, "I shall go"); "Shall he go?" i. e., "Do you
require or promise his going?" (answer, "He shall go".) The same
relation is transferred to either second or third person in such
phrases as "You say, or think, you shall go;" "He says, or thinks, he
shall go." After a conditional conjunction (as if, whether) shall is
used in all persons to express futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he
shall say they are right. Should is everywhere used in the same
connection and the same senses as shall, as its imperfect. It also
expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he should do it whether he
will or not. In the early English, and hence in our English Bible,
shall is the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express
simple futurity. (Cf. Will, v. t.) Shall may be used elliptically;
thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be
omitted. "He to England shall along with you." Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sh all an d wi ll ar e of ten confounded by inaccurate
speakers and writers. Say: I shall be glad to see you. Shall I do
this? Shall I help you? (not Will I do this?) See Will.
Shalli
Shal"li (?), n. See Challis.
Shallon
Shal"lon (?), n. (Bot.) An evergreen shrub (Gaultheria Shallon) of
Northwest America; also, its fruit. See Salal-berry.
Shalloon
Shal*loon" (?), n. [F. chalon, from Ch\'83lons, in France, where it
was first made.] A thin, loosely woven, twilled worsted stuff.
In blue shalloon shall Hannibal be clad. Swift.
Shallop
Shal"lop (?), n. [F. chaloupe, probably from D. sloep. Cf. Sloop.]
(Naut.) A boat.
[She] thrust the shallop from the floating strand. Spenser.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm sh allop is applied to boats of all sizes,
from a light canoe up to a large boat with masts and sails.
Shallot
Shal*lot" (?), n. [OF. eschalote (for escalone), F. \'82chalote. See
Scallion, and cf. Eschalot.] (Bot.) A small kind of onion (Allium
Ascalonicum) growing in clusters, and ready for gathering in spring; a
scallion, or eschalot.
Shallow
Shal"low (?), a. [Compar. Shallower (?); superl. Shallowest.] [OE.
schalowe, probably originally, sloping or shelving; cf. Icel.
skj\'belgr wry, squinting, AS. sceolh, D. & G. scheel, OHG. schelah.
Cf. Shelve to slope, Shoal shallow.]
1. Not deep; having little depth; shoal. "Shallow brooks, and rivers
wide." Milton.
2. Not deep in tone. [R.]
The sound perfecter and not so shallow and jarring. Bacon.
3. Not intellectually deep; not profound; not penetrating deeply;
simple; not wise or knowing; ignorant; superficial; as, a shallow
mind; shallow learning.
The king was neither so shallow, nor so ill advertised, as not to
perceive the intention of the French king. Bacon.
Deep versed in books, and shallow in himself. Milton.
Shallow
Shal"low, n.
1. A place in a body of water where the water is not deep; a shoal; a
flat; a shelf.
A swift stream is not heard in the channel, but upon shallows of
gravel. Bacon.
Dashed on the shallows of the moving sand. Dryden.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The rudd. [Prov. Eng.]
Shallow
Shal"low, v. t. To make shallow. Sir T. Browne.
Shallow
Shal"low, v. i. To become shallow, as water.
Shallow-bodied
Shal"low-bod`ied (?), a. (Naut.) Having a moderate depth of hold; --
said of a vessel.
Shallow-brained
Shal"low-brained` (?), a. Weak in intellect; foolish; empty-headed.
South.
Shallow-hearted
Shal"low-heart`ed (?), a. Incapable of deep feeling. Tennyson.
Shallowly
Shal"low*ly, adv. In a shallow manner.
Shallowness
Shal"low*ness, n. Quality or state of being shallow.
Shallow-pated
Shal"low-pat`ed (?), a. Shallow-brained.
Shallow-waisted
Shal"low-waist`ed (?), a. (Naut.) Having a flush deck, or with only a
moderate depression amidships; -- said of a vessel.
Shalm
Shalm (?), n. See Shawm. [Obs.] Knolles.
Shalt
Shalt (?), 2d per. sing. of Shall.
Shaly
Shal"y (?), a. Resembling shale in structure.
Sham
Sham (?), n. [Originally the same word as shame, hence, a disgrace, a
trick. See Shame, n.]
1. That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that
deludes and disappoint; a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.
"A mere sham." Bp. Stillingfleet.
Believe who will the solemn sham, not I. Addison.
2. A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
Pillow sham, a covering to be laid on a pillow.
Sham
Sham, a. False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham
fight.
They scorned the sham independence proffered to them by the
Athenians. Jowett (Thucyd)
Sham
Sham, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shammed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shamming.]
1. To trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false pretenses.
Fooled and shammed into a conviction. L'Estrange.
2. To obtrude by fraud or imposition. [R.]
We must have a care that we do not . . . sham fallacies upon the
world for current reason. L'Estrange.
3. To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to
feign.
To sham Abram OR Abraham, to feign sickness; to malinger. Hence a
malingerer is called, in sailors' cant, Sham Abram, or Sham Abraham.
Sham
Sham, v. i. To make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
Wondering . . . whether those who lectured him were such fools as
they professed to be, or were only shamming. Macaulay.
Shama
Sha"ma (?), n. [Hind. sh\'bem\'be.] (Zo\'94l.) A saxicoline singing
bird (Kittacincla macroura) of India, noted for the sweetness and
power of its song. In confinement it imitates the notes of other birds
and various animals with accuracy. Its head, neck, back, breast, and
tail are glossy black, the rump white, the under parts chestnut.
Shaman
Sha"man (?), n. [From the native name.] A priest of Shamanism; a
wizard among the Shamanists.
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Shamanic
Sha*man"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Shamanism.
Shamanism
Sha"man*ism (?), n. The type of religion which once prevalied among
all the Ural-Altaic peoples (Tungusic, Mongol, and Turkish), and which
still survives in various parts of Northern Asia. The Shaman, or
wizard priest, deals with good as well as with evil spirits,
especially the good spirits of ancestors. Encyc. Brit.
Shamanist
Sha"man*ist, n. An adherent of Shamanism.
Shamble
Sham"ble (?), n. [OE. schamel a bench, stool, AS. scamel, sceamol, a
bench, form, stool, fr. L. scamellum, dim. of scamnum a bench, stool.]
1. (Mining) One of a succession of niches or platforms, one above
another, to hold ore which is thrown successively from platform to
platform, and thus raised to a higher level.
2. pl. A place where butcher's meat is sold.
As summer flies are in the shambles. Shak.
3. pl. A place for slaughtering animals for meat.
To make a shambles of the parliament house. Shak.
Shamble
Sham"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shambling
(?).] [Cf. OD. schampelen to slip, schampen to slip away, escape. Cf.
Scamble, Scamper.] To walk awkwardly and unsteadily, as if the knees
were weak; to shuffle along.
Shambling
Sham"bling (?), a. Characterized by an awkward, irregular pace; as, a
shambling trot; shambling legs.
Shambling
Sham"bling, n. An awkward, irregular gait.
Shame
Shame (?), n. [OE. shame, schame, AS. scamu, sceamu; akin to OS. &
OHG. scama, G. scham, Icel. sk\'94mm, shkamm, Sw. & Dan. skam, D. & G.
schande, Goth. skanda shame, skaman sik to be ashamed; perhaps from a
root skam meaning to cover, and akin to the root (kam) of G. hemd
shirt, E. chemise. Cf. Sham.]
1. A painful sensation excited by a consciousness of guilt or
impropriety, or of having done something which injures reputation, or
of the exposure of that which nature or modesty prompts us to conceal.
HIde, for shame, Romans, your grandsires' images, That blush at
their degenerate progeny. Dryden.
Have you no modesty, no maiden shame? Shak.
2. Reproach incurred or suffered; dishonor; ignominy; derision;
contempt.
Ye have borne the shame of the heathen. Ezek. xxxvi. 6.
Honor and shame from no condition rise. Pope.
And every woe a tear can claim Except an erring sister's shame.
Byron.
3. The cause or reason of shame; that which brings reproach, and
degrades a person in the estimation of others; disgrace.
O Cshame is this! Shak.
Guides who are the shame of religion. Shak.
4. The parts which modesty requires to be covered; the private parts.
Isa. xlvii. 3.
For shame! you should be ashamed; shame on you! -- To put to shame, to
cause to feel shame; to humiliate; to disgrace. "Let them be driven
backward and put to shame that wish me evil." Ps. xl. 14.
Shame
Shame, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shaming.]
1. To make ashamed; to excite in (a person) a comsciousness of guilt
or impropriety, or of conduct derogatory to reputation; to put to
shame.
Were there but one righteous in the world, he would . . . shame the
world, and not the world him. South.
2. To cover with reproach or ignominy; to dishonor; to disgrace.
And with foul cowardice his carcass shame. Spenser.
3. To mock at; to deride. [Obs. or R.]
Ye have shamed the counsel of the poor. Ps. xiv. 6.
Shame
Shame, v. i. [AS. scamian, sceamian. See Shame, n.] To be ashamed; to
feel shame. [R.]
I do shame To think of what a noble strain you are. Shak.
Shamefaced
Shame"faced` (?), a. [For shamefast; AS. scamf. See Shame, n., and
Fast firm.] Easily confused or put out of countenance; diffident;
bashful; modest.
Your shamefaced virtue shunned the people's prise. Dryden.
NOTE: &hand; Sh amefaced wa s on ce sh amefast, sh amefacedness was
shamefastness, like steadfast and steadfastness; but the ordinary
manifestations of shame being by the face, have brought it to its
present orthography. Trench.
-- Shame"faced, adv. -- Shame"faced`ness, n.
Shamefast
Shame"fast (?), a. [AS. scamf&ae;st.] Modest; shamefaced. --
Shame"fast*ly, adv. -- Shame"fast*ness, n. [Archaic] See Shamefaced.
Shamefast she was in maiden shamefastness. Chaucer.
[Conscience] is a blushing shamefast spirit. Shak.
Modest apparel with shamefastness. 1 Tim. ii. 9 (Rev. Ver.).
Shameful
Shame"ful (?), a.
1. Bringing shame or disgrace; injurious to reputation; disgraceful.
His naval preparations were not more surprising than his quick and
shameful retreat. Arbuthnot.
2. Exciting the feeling of shame in others; indecent; as, a shameful
picture; a shameful sight. Spenser. Syn. -- Disgraceful; reproachful;
indecent; unbecoming; degrading; scandalous; ignominious; infamous. --
Shame"ful*ly, adv. -- Shame"ful*ness, n.
Shameless
Shame"less, a. [AS. scamle\'a0s.]
1. Destitute of shame; wanting modesty; brazen-faced; insensible to
disgrace. "Such shameless bards we have." Pope.
Shame enough to shame thee, wert thou not shameless. Shak.
2. Indicating want of modesty, or sensibility to disgrace; indecent;
as, a shameless picture or poem. Syn. -- Impudent; unblushing;
audacious; immodest; indecent; indelicate. -- Shame"less*ly, adv. --
Shame"less*ness, n.
Shame-proof
Shame"-proof` (?), n. Shameless. Shak.
Shamer
Sham"er (?), n. One who, or that which, disgraces, or makes ashamed.
Beau & Fl.
Shammer
Sham"mer (?), n. One who shams; an impostor. Johnson.
Shammy
Sham"my (?), n. [F. chamious a chamois, shammy leather. See Chamois.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The chamois.
2. A soft, pliant leather, prepared originally from the skin of the
chamois, but now made also from the skin of the sheep, goat, kid,
deer, and calf. See Shamoying. [Written also chamois, shamoy, and
shamois.]
Shamois, Shamoy
Sham"ois, Sham"oy (?), n. See Shammy.
Shamoying
Sha*moy"ing (?), n. [See Shammy.] A process used in preparing certain
kinds of leather, which consists in frizzing the skin, and working oil
into it to supply the place of the astringent (tannin, alum, or the
like) ordinarily used in tanning.
Shampoo
Sham*poo" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shampooed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shampooing.] [Hind. ch\'bempn\'be to press, to squeeze.] [Writing also
champoo.]
1. To press or knead the whole surface of the body of (a person), and
at the same time to stretch the limbs and joints, in connection with
the hot bath.
2. To wash throughly and rub the head of (a person), with the fingers,
using either soap, or a soapy preparation, for the more thorough
cleansing.
Shampoo
Sham*poo", n. The act of shampooing.
Shampooer
Sham*poo"er (?), n. One who shampoos.
Shamrock
Sham"rock (?), n. [L. seamrog, seamar, trefoil, white clover, white
honeysuckle; akin to Gael. seamrag.] (Bot.) A trifoliate plant used as
a national emblem by the Irish. The legend is that St. Patrick once
plucked a leaf of it for use in illustrating the doctrine of the
trinity.
NOTE: &hand; Th e original plant was probably a kind of wood sorrel
(Oxalis Acetocella); but now the name is given to the white clover
(Trifolium repens), and the black medic (Medicago lupulina).
Shandrydan
Shan"dry*dan (?), n. A jocosely depreciative name for a vehicle.
[Ireland]
Shandygaff
Shan"dy*gaff (, n. A mixture of strong beer and ginger beer. [Eng.]
Shanghai
Shang`hai" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shanghaied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shanghaiing.] To intoxicate and ship (a person) as a sailor while in
this condition. [Written also shanghae.] [Slang, U.S.]
Shanghai
Shang`hai" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large and tall breed of domestic fowl.
Shank
Shank (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Chank.
Shank
Shank, n. [OE. shanke, schanke, schonke, AS. scanca, sceanca, sconca,
sceonca; akin to D. schonk a bone, G. schenkel thigh, shank, schinken
ham, OHG. scincha shank, Dan. & Sw. skank. &root;161. Cf. Skink, v.]
1. The part of the leg from the knee to the foot; the shin; the shin
bone; also, the whole leg.
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk
shank. Shak.
2. Hence, that part of an instrument, tool, or other thing, which
connects the acting part with a handle or other part, by which it is
held or moved. Specifically: (a) That part of a key which is between
the bow and the part which enters the wards of the lock. (b) The
middle part of an anchor, or that part which is between the ring and
the arms. See Illustr. of Anchor. (c) That part of a hoe, rake, knife,
or the like, by which it is secured to a handle. (d) A loop forming an
eye to a button.
3. (Arch.) The space between two channels of the Doric triglyph.
Gwilt.
4. (Founding) A large ladle for molten metal, fitted with long bars
for handling it.
5. (Print.) The body of a type.
6. (Shoemaking) The part of the sole beneath the instep connecting the
broader front part with the heel.
7. (Zo\'94l.) A wading bird with long legs; as, the green-legged
shank, or knot; the yellow shank, or tattler; -- called also shanks.
8. pl. Flat-nosed pliers, used by opticians for nipping off the edges
of pieces of glass to make them round.
Shank painter (Naut.), a short rope or chain which holds the shank of
an anchor against the side of a vessel when it is secured for a
voyage. -- To ride shank's mare, to go on foot; to walk.
Shank
Shank, v. i. To fall off, as a leaf, flower, or capsule, on account of
disease affecting the supporting footstalk; -- usually followed by
off. Darwin.
Shankbeer
Shank"beer` (?), n. See Schenkbeer.
Shanked
Shanked (?), a. Having a shank.
Shanker
Shank"er (?), n. (Med.) See Chancre.
Shanny
Shan"ny (?), n.; pl. Shannies (#). [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The
European smooth blenny (Blennius pholis). It is olive-green with
irregular black spots, and without appendages on the head.
Shan't
Shan't (?). A contraction of shall not. [Colloq.]
Shanty
Shan"ty (?), a. Jaunty; showy. [Prov. Eng.]
Shanty
Shan"ty, n.;pl. Shanties (#). [Said to be fr. Ir. sean old + tig. a
house.] A small, mean dwelling; a rough, slight building for temporary
use; a hut.
Shanty
Shan"ty, v. i. To inhabit a shanty. S. H. Hammond.
Shapable
Shap"a*ble (?), a.
1. That may be shaped.
2. Shapely. [R.] "Round and shapable." De Foe.
Shape
Shape (?), v. t. [imp. Shaped (#); p. p. Shaped or Shapen (#); p. pr.
& vb. n. Shaping.] [OE. shapen, schapen, AS. sceapian. The p. p.
shapen is from the strong verb, AS. scieppan, scyppan, sceppan, p. p.
sceapen. See Shape, n.]
1. To form or create; especially, to mold or make into a particular
form; to give proper form or figure to.
I was shapen in iniquity. Ps. li. 5.
Grace shaped her limbs, and beauty decked her face. Prior.
2. To adapt to a purpose; to regulate; to adjust; to direct; as, to
shape the course of a vessel.
To the stream, when neither friends, nor force, Nor spead nor art
avail, he shapes his course. Denham.
Charmed by their eyes, their manners I acqire, And shape my
foolishness to their desire. Prior.
3. To image; to conceive; to body forth.
Oft my jealousy Shapes faults that are not. Shak.
4. To design; to prepare; to plan; to arrange.
When shapen was all this conspiracy, From point to point. Chaucer.
Shaping machine. (Mach.) Same as Shaper. -- To shape one's self, to
prepare; to make ready. [Obs.]
I will early shape me therefor. Chaucer.
Shape
Shape (?), v. i. To suit; to be adjusted or conformable. [R.] Shak.
Shape
Shape, n. [OE. shap, schap, AS. sceap in gesceap creation, creature,
fr. the root of scieppan, scyppan, sceppan, to shape, to do, to
effect; akin to OS. giskeppian, OFries. skeppa, D. scheppen, G.
schaffen, OHG. scaffan, scepfen, skeffen, Icer. skapa, skepja, Dan.
skabe, skaffe, Sw. skapa, skaffa, Goth. gaskapjan, and perhaps to E.
shave, v. Cf. -ship.]
1. Character or construction of a thing as determining its external
appearance; outward aspect; make; figure; form; guise; as, the shape
of a tree; the shape of the head; an elegant shape.
He beat me grievously, in the shape of a woman. Shak.
2. That which has form or figure; a figure; an appearance; a being.
Before the gates three sat, On either side, a formidable shape.
Milton.
3. A model; a pattern; a mold.
4. Form of embodiment, as in words; form, as of thought or conception;
concrete embodiment or example, as of some quality. Milton.
5. Dress for disguise; guise. [Obs.]
Look better on this virgin, and consider This Persian shape laid
by, and she appearing In a Greekish dress. Messinger.
6. (Iron Manuf.) (a) A rolled or hammered piece, as a bar, beam, angle
iron, etc., having a cross section different from merchant bar. (b) A
piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will receive
when completely forged or fitted.
To take shape, to assume a definite form. <-- in shape, having a good
muscle tone; healthy. Get into shape, to exercise so as to acquire a
good muscle tone. -->
Shapeless
Shape"less, a. Destitute of shape or regular form; wanting symmetry of
dimensions; misshapen; -- opposed to shapely. -- Shape"less*ness, n.
The shapeless rock, or hanging precipice. Pope.
Shapeliness
Shape"li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shapely.
Shapely
Shape"ly, a. [Compar. Shapelier (?); superl. Shapeliest.]
1. Well-formed; having a regular shape; comely; symmetrical. T.
Warton.
Waste sandy valleys, once perplexed with thorn, The spiry fir and
shapely box adorn. Pope.
Where the shapely column stood. Couper.
2. Fit; suitable. [Obs.]
Shaply for to be an alderman. Chaucer.
Shaper
Shap"er (?), n.
1. One who shapes; as, the shaper of one's fortunes.
The secret of those old shapers died with them. Lowell.
2. That which shapes; a machine for giving a particular form or
outline to an object. Specifically; (a) (Metal Working) A kind of
planer in which the tool, instead of the work, receives a
reciprocating motion, usually from a crank. (b) (Wood Working) A
machine with a vertically revolving cutter projecting above a flat
table top, for cutting irregular outlines, moldings, etc.
Shapoo
Sha"poo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The o\'94rial.
Shard
Shard (?), n. A plant; chard. [Obs.] Dryden.
Shard
Shard, n. [AS. sceard, properly a p. p. from the root of scearn to
shear, to cut; akin to D. schaard a fragment, G. scharte a notch,
Icel. skar. See Shear, and cf. Sherd.] [Written also sheard, and
sherd.]
1. A piece or fragment of an earthen vessel, or a like brittle
substance, as the shell of an egg or snail. Shak.
The precious dish Broke into shards of beauty on the board. E.
Arnold.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The hard wing case of a beetle.
They are his shards, and he their beetle. Shak.
3. A gap in a fence. [Obs.] Stanyhurst.
4. A boundary; a division. [Obs. & R.] Spenser.
Shard-borne
Shard"-borne` (?), a. Borne on shards or scaly wing cases. "The
shard-borne beetle." Shak.
Sharded
Shard"ed, a. (Zo\'94l.) Having elytra, as a beetle.
Shardy
Shard"y (?), a. Having, or consisting of, shards.
Share
Share (?), n. [OE. schar, AS. scear; akin to OHG. scaro, G. schar,
pflugshar, and E. shear, v. See Shear.]
1. The part (usually an iron or steel plate) of a plow which cuts the
ground at the bottom of a furrow; a plowshare.
2. The part which opens the ground for the reception of the seed, in a
machine for sowing seed. Knight.
Share
Share, n. [OE. share, AS. scearu, scaru, fr. sceran to shear, cut. See
Shear, v.]
1. A certain quantity; a portion; a part; a division; as, a small
share of prudence.
2. Especially, the part allotted or belonging to one, of any property
or interest owned by a number; a portion among others; an apportioned
lot; an allotment; a dividend. "My share of fame." Dryden.
3. Hence, one of a certain number of equal portions into which any
property or invested capital is divided; as, a ship owned in ten
shares.
4. The pubes; the sharebone. [Obs.] Holland.
To go shares, to partake; to be equally concerned. -- Share and share
alike, in equal shares.
Share
Share, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sharing.]
1. To part among two or more; to distribute in portions; to divide.
Suppose I share my fortune equally between my children and a
stranger. Swift.
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2. To partake of, use, or experience, with others; to have a portion
of; to take and possess in common; as, to share a shelter with
another.
While avarice and rapine share the land. Milton.
3. To cut; to shear; to cleave; to divide. [Obs.]
The shared visage hangs on equal sides. Dryden.
Share
Share (?), v. i. To have part; to receive a portion; to partake,
enjoy, or suffer with others.
A right of inheritance gave every one a title to share in the goods
of his father. Locke.
Sharebeam
Share"beam` (?), n. The part of the plow to which the share is
attached.
Sharebone
Share"bone` (?), n. (Anat.) The public bone.
Sharebroker
Share"bro`ker (?), n. A broker who deals in railway or other shares
and securities.
Shareholder
Share"hold`er (?), n. One who holds or owns a share or shares in a
joint fund or property.
Sharer
Shar"er (?), n. One who shares; a participator; a partaker; also, a
divider; a distributer.
Sharewort
Share"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A composite plant (Aster Tripolium) growing
along the seacoast of Europe.
Shark
Shark (?), n. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps through OF. fr. carcharus
a kind of dogfish, Gr. Shark, v. t.&i.); cf. Corn. scarceas.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of elasmobranch fishes of
the order Plagiostomi, found in all seas.
NOTE: &hand; Some sharks, as the basking shark and the whale shark,
grow to an enormous size, the former becoming forty feet or more,
and the latter sixty feet or more, in length. Most of them are
harmless to man, but some are exceedingly voracious. The man-eating
sharks mostly belong to the genera Carcharhinus, Carcharodon, and
related genera. They have several rows of large sharp teeth with
serrated edges, as the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias,
OR Rondeleti) of tropical seas, and the great blue shark
(Carcharhinus glaucus) of all tropical and temperate seas. The
former sometimes becomes thirty-six feet long, and is the most
voracious and dangerous species known. The rare man-eating shark of
the United States coast (Charcarodon Atwoodi) is thought by some to
be a variety, or the young, of C. carcharias. The dusky shark
(Carcharhinus obscurus), and the smaller blue shark (C. caudatus),
both common species on the coast of the United States, are of
moderate size and not dangerous. They feed on shellfish and bottom
fishes.
2. A rapacious, artful person; a sharper. [Colloq.]
3. Trickery; fraud; petty rapine; as, to live upon the shark. [Obs.]
South.
Baskin shark, Liver shark, Nurse shark, Oil shark, Sand shark, Tiger
shark, etc. See under Basking, Liver, etc. See also Dogfish,
Houndfish, Notidanian, and Tope. -- Gray shark, the sand shark. --
Hammer-headed shark. See Hammerhead. -- Port Jackson shark. See
Cestraciont. -- Shark barrow, the eggcase of a shark; a sea purse. --
Shark ray. Same as Angel fish (a), under Angel. -- Thrasher shark, OR
Thresher shark, a large, voracious shark. See Thrasher. -- Whale
shark, a huge harmless shark (Rhinodon typicus) of the Indian Ocean.
It becomes sixty feet or more in length, but has very small teeth.
Shark
Shark, v. t. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps fr. shark, n., or perhaps
related to E. shear (as hearken to hear), and originally meaning, to
clip off. Cf. Shirk.] To pick or gather indiscriminately or covertly.
[Obs.] Shak.
Shark
Shark, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sharked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sharking.]
1. To play the petty thief; to practice fraud or trickery; to swindle.
Neither sharks for a cup or a reckoning. Bp. Earle.
2. To live by shifts and stratagems. Beau & Fl.
Sharker
Shark"er (?), n. One who lives by sharking.
Sharking
Shark"ing, n. Petty rapine; trick; also, seeking a livelihood by
shifts and dishonest devices.
Sharock
Shar"ock (?), n. An East Indian coin of the value of 12 pence
sterling, or about 25 cents.
Sharp
Sharp (?), a. [Compar. Sharper (?); superl. Sharpest.] [OE. sharp,
scharp, scarp, AS. scearp; akin to OS. skarp, LG. scharp, D. scherp,
G. scharf, Dan. & Sw. skarp, Icel. skarpr. Cf. Escarp, Scrape,
Scorpion.]
1. Having a very thin edge or fine point; of a nature to cut or pierce
easily; not blunt or dull; keen.
He dies upon my scimeter's sharp point. Shak.
2. Terminating in a point or edge; not obtuse or rounded; somewhat
pointed or edged; peaked or ridged; as, a sharp hill; sharp features.
3. Affecting the sense as if pointed or cutting, keen, penetrating,
acute: to the taste or smell, pungent, acid, sour, as ammonia has a
sharp taste and odor; to the hearing, piercing, shrill, as a sharp
sound or voice; to the eye, instantaneously brilliant, dazzling, as a
sharp flash.
4. (Mus.) (a) High in pitch; acute; as, a sharp note or tone. (b)
Raised a semitone in pitch; as, C sharp (C#), which is a half step, or
semitone, higher than C. (c) So high as to be out of tune, or above
true pitch; as, the tone is sharp; that instrument is sharp. Opposed
in all these senses to flat.
5. Very trying to the feelings; pierching; keen; severe; painful;
distressing; as, sharp pain, weather; a sharp and frosty air.
Sharp misery had worn him to the bones. Shak.
The morning sharp and clear. Cowper.
In sharpest perils faithful proved. Keble.
6. Cutting in language or import; biting; sarcastic; cruel; harsh;
rigorous; severe; as, a sharp rebuke. "That sharp look." Tennyson.
To that place the sharp Athenian law Can not pursue us. Shak.
Be thy words severe, Sharp as merits but the sword forbear. Dryden.
7. Of keen perception; quick to discern or distinguish; having nice
discrimination; acute; penetrating; sagacious; clever; as, a sharp
eye; sharp sight, hearing, or judgment.
Nothing makes men sharper . . . than want. Addison.
Many other things belong to the material world, wherein the
sharpest philosophers have never yeL. Watts.
8. Eager in pursuit; keen in quest; impatient for gratification; keen;
as, a sharp appetite.
9. Fierce; ardent; fiery; violent; impetuous. "In sharp contest of
battle." Milton.
A sharp assault already is begun. Dryden.
10. Keenly or unduly attentive to one's own interest; close and exact
in dealing; shrewd; as, a sharp dealer; a sharp customer.
The necessity of being so sharp and exacting. Swift.
11. Composed of hard, angular grains; gritty; as, sharp sand. Moxon.
12. Steep; precipitous; abrupt; as, a sharp ascent or descent; a sharp
turn or curve.
13. (Phonetics) Uttered in a whisper, or with the breath alone,
without voice, as certain consonants, such as p, k, t, f; surd;
nonvocal; aspirated.
NOTE: &hand; Sh arp is of ten us ed in th e fo rmation of
self-explaining compounds; as, sharp-cornered, sharp-edged,
sharp-pointed, sharp-tasted, sharp-visaged, etc.
Sharp practice, the getting of an advantage, or the attempt to do so,
by a tricky expedient. -- To brace sharp, OR To sharp up (Naut.), to
turn the yards to the most oblique position possible, that the ship
may lie well up to the wind. Syn. -- Keen; acute; piercing;
penetrating; quick; sagacious; discerning; shrewd; witty; ingenious;
sour; acid; tart; pungent; acrid; severe; poignant; biting;
acrimonious; sarcastic; cutting; bitter; painful; afflictive; violent;
harsh; fierce; ardent; fiery.
Sharp
Sharp (?), adv.
1. To a point or edge; piercingly; eagerly; sharply. M. Arnold.
The head [of a spear] full sharp yground. Chaucer.
You bite so sharp at reasons. Shak.
2. Precisely; exactly; as, we shall start at ten o'clock sharp.
[Colloq.]
Look sharp, attend; be alert. [Colloq.]
Sharp
Sharp, n.
1. A sharp tool or weapon. [Obs.]
If butchers had but the manners to go to sharps, gentlemen would be
contented with a rubber at cuffs. Collier.
2. (Mus.) (a) The character [#] used to indicate that the note before
which it is placed is to be raised a half step, or semitone, in pitch.
(b) A sharp tone or note. Shak.
3. A portion of a stream where the water runs very rapidly. [Prov.
Eng.] C. Kingsley.
4. A sewing needle having a very slender point; a needle of the most
pointed of the three grades, blunts, betweens, and sharps.
5. pl. Same as Middlings, 1.
6. An expert. [Slang]
Sharp
Sharp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sharped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sharping.]
1. To sharpen. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. (Mus.) To raise above the proper pitch; to elevate the tone of;
especially, to raise a half step, or semitone, above the natural tone.
Sharp
Sharp, v. i.
1. To play tricks in bargaining; to act the sharper. L'Estrange.
2. (Mus.) To sing above the proper pitch.
Sharp-cut
Sharp-cut` (?), a. Cut sharply or definitely, or so as to make a
clear, well-defined impression, as the lines of an engraved plate, and
the like; clear-cut; hence, having great distinctness; well-defined;
clear.
Sharpen
Sharp"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sarpened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sharpening.] [See Sharp, a.] To make sharp. Specifically: (a) To give
a keen edge or fine point to; to make sharper; as, to sharpen an ax,
or the teeth of a saw. (b) To render more quick or acute in
perception; to make more ready or ingenious.
The air . . . sharpened his visual ray To objects distant far.
Milton.
He that wrestles with us strengthens our nerves and sharpens our
skill. Burke.
(c) To make more eager; as, to sharpen men's desires.
Epicurean cooks Sharpen with cloyless sauce his appetite. Shak.
(d) To make more pungent and intense; as, to sharpen a pain or
disease. (e) To make biting, sarcastic, or severe. "Sharpen each
word." E. Smith. (f) To render more shrill or piercing.
Inclosures not only preserve sound, but increase and sharpen it.
Bacon.
(g) To make more tart or acid; to make sour; as, the rays of the sun
sharpen vinegar. (h) (Mus.) To raise, as a sound, by means of a sharp;
to apply a sharp to.
Sharpen
Sharp"en, v. i. To grow or become sharp.
Sharper
Sharp"er (?), n. A person who bargains closely, especially, one who
cheats in bargains; a swinder; also, a cheating gamester.
Sharpers, as pikes, prey upon their own kind. L'Estrange.
Syn. -- Swindler; cheat; deceiver; trickster; rogue. See Swindler.
Sharpie
Sharp"ie (?), n. (Naut.) A long, sharp, flat-bottomed boat, with one
or two masts carrying a triangular sail. They are often called Fair
Haven sharpies, after the place on the coast of Connecticut where they
originated. [Local, U.S.]
Sharpling
Sharp"ling (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A stickleback. [Prov. Eng.]
Sharply
Sharp"ly, adv. In a sharp manner,; keenly; acutely.
They are more sharply to be chastised and reformed than the rude
Irish. Spenser.
The soldiers were sharply assailed with wants. Hayward.
You contract your eye when you would see sharply. Bacon.
Sharpness
Sharp"ness, n. [AS. scearpness.] The quality or condition of being
sharp; keenness; acuteness.
Sharpsaw
Sharp"saw` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The great titmouse; -- so called from
its harsh call notes. [Prov. Eng.]
Sharp-set
Sharp"-set` (?), a. Eager in appetite or desire of gratification;
affected by keen hunger; ravenous; as, an eagle or a lion sharp-set.
The town is sharp-set on new plays. Pope.
Sharpshooter
Sharp"shoot`er (?), n. One skilled in shooting at an object with
exactness; a good marksman.
Sharpshooting
Sharp"shoot`ing, n. A shooting with great precision and effect; hence,
a keen contest of wit or argument.
Sharp-sighted
Sharp"-sight`ed (?), a. Having quick or acute sight; -- used literally
and figuratively. -- Sharp`-sight`ed*ness, n.
Sharptail
Sharp"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pintail duck. (b) The pintail
grouse, or prairie chicken.
Sharp-witted
Sharp"-wit`ted (?), a. Having an acute or nicely discerning mind.
Shash
Shash (?), n. [See Sash.]
1. The scarf of a turban. [Obs.] Fuller.
2. A sash. [Obs.]
Shaster, Shastra
Shas"ter (?), Shas"tra (?), n. [Skr. c\'bestra an order or command, a
sacred book, fr. c\'bes to order, instruct, govern. Cf. Sastra.] A
treatise for authoritative instruction among the Hindoos; a book of
institutes; especially, a treatise explaining the Vedas. [Written also
sastra.]
Shathmont
Shath"mont (, n. A shaftment. [Scot.]
Shatter
Shat"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shattering.] [OE. schateren, scateren, to scatter, to dash, AS.
scateran; cf. D. schateren to crack, to make a great noise, OD.
schetteren to scatter, to burst, to crack. Cf. Scatter.]
1. To break at once into many pieces; to dash, burst, or part
violently into fragments; to rend into splinters; as, an explosion
shatters a rock or a bomb; too much steam shatters a boiler; an oak is
shattered by lightning.
A monarchy was shattered to pieces, and divided amongst revolted
subjects. Locke.
2. To disorder; to derange; to render unsound; as, to be shattered in
intellect; his constitution was shattered; his hopes were shattered.
A man of a loose, volatile, and shattered humor. Norris.
3. To scatter about. [Obs.]
Shatter your leaves before the mellowing year. Milton.
Shatter
Shat"ter, v. i. To be broken into fragments; to fal
Some fragile bodies break but where the force is; some shatter and
fly in many places. Bacon.
Shatter
Shat"ter, n. A fragment of anything shattered; -- used chiefly or
soley in the phrase into shatters; as, to break a glass into shatters.
Swift.
Shatter-brained, Shatter-pated
Shat"ter-brained` (?), Shat"ter-pat`ed (?), a. Disordered or wandering
in intellect; hence, heedless; wild. J. Goodman.
Shattery
Shat"ter*y (?), a. Easily breaking into pieces; not compact; loose of
texture; brittle; as, shattery spar.
Shave
Shave (?), obs. p. p. of Shave. Chaucer.
His beard was shave as nigh as ever he can. Chaucer.
Shave
Shave, v. t. [imp. Shaved (?);p. p. Shaved or Shaven (; p. pr. & vb.
n. Shaving.] [OE. shaven, schaven, AS. scafan, sceafan; akin to D.
schaven, G. schaben, Icel. skafa, Sw. skafva, Dan. skave, Goth.
scaban, Russ. kopate to dig, Gr. scabere to scratch, to scrape. Cf.
Scab, Shaft, Shape.]
1. To cut or pare off from the surface of a body with a razor or other
edged instrument; to cut off closely, as with a razor; as, to shave
the beard.
2. To make bare or smooth by cutting off closely the surface, or
surface covering, of; especially, to remove the hair from with a razor
or other sharp instrument; to take off the beard or hair of; as, to
shave the face or the crown of the head; he shaved himself.
I'll shave your crown for this. Shak.
The laborer with the bending scythe is seen Shaving the surface of
the waving green. Gay.
3. To cut off thin slices from; to cut in thin slices.
Plants bruised or shaven in leaf or root. Bacon.
4. To skim along or near the surface of; to pass close to, or touch
lightly, in passing.
Now shaves with level wing the deep. Milton.
5. To strip; to plunder; to fleece. [Colloq.]
To shave a note, to buy it at a discount greater than the legal rate
of interest, or to deduct in discounting it more than the legal rate
allows. [Cant, U.S.]
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Page 1325
Shave
Shave (?), v. i. To use a razor for removing the beard; to cut
closely; hence, to be hard and severe in a bargain; to practice
extortion; to cheat.
Shave
Shave (?), n. [AS. scafa, sceafa, a sort of knife. See Shave, v. t.]
1. A thin slice; a shaving. Wright.
2. A cutting of the beard; the operation of shaving.
3. (a) An exorbitant discount on a note. [Cant, U.S.] (b) A premium
paid for an extension of the time of delivery or payment, or for the
right to vary a stock contract in any particular. [Cant, U.S.] N.
Biddle.
4. A hand tool consisting of a sharp blade with a handle at each end;
a drawing knife; a spokeshave.
5. The act of passing very near to, so as almost to graze; as, the
bullet missed by a close shave. [Colloq.]
Shave grass (Bot.), the scouring rush. See the Note under Equisetum.
-- Shave hook, a tool for scraping metals, consisting of a sharp-edged
triangular steel plate attached to a shank and handle.
Shaveling
Shave"ling (?), n. A man shaved; hence, a monk, or other religious; --
used in contempt.
I am no longer a shaveling than while my frock is on my back. Sir
W. Scott.
Shaver
Shav"er (?), n.
1. One who shaves; one whose occupation is to shave.
2. One who is close in bargains; a sharper. Swift.
3. One who fleeces; a pillager; a plunderer.
By these shavers the Turks were stripped. Knolles.
4. A boy; a lad; a little fellow. [Colloq.] "These unlucky little
shavers." <-- often little shaver --> Salmagundi.
As I have mentioned at the door to this young shaver, I am on a
chase in the name of the king. Dickens.
5. (Mech.) A tool or machine for shaving.
A note shaver, a person who buys notes at a discount greater than the
legal rate of interest. [Cant, U.S.]
Shaving
Shav"ing, n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, shaves; specifically, the act of
cutting off the beard with a razor.
2. That which is shaved off; a thin slice or strip pared off with a
shave, a knife, a plane, or other cutting instrument. "Shaving of
silver." Chaucer.
Shaving brush, a brush used in lathering the face preparatory to
shaving it.
Shaw
Shaw (?), n. [OE. schawe, scha, thicket, grove, AS. scaga; akin to
Dan. skov, Sw. skog, Icel. sk.]
1. A thicket; a small wood or grove. [Obs. or Prov.Eng. & Scot.]
Burns.
Gaillard he was as goldfinch in the shaw. Chaucer.
The green shaws, the merry green woods. Howitt.
2. pl. The leaves and tops of vegetables, as of potatoes, turnips,
etc. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Shawfowl
Shaw"fowl`, n. [Scot. schaw, shaw, show + fowl.] The representation or
image of a fowl made by fowlers to shoot at. Johnson.
Shawl
Shawl (?), n. [Per. & Hind. sh\'bel: cf. F. ch\'83le.] A square or
oblong cloth of wool, cotton, silk, or other textile or netted fabric,
used, especially by women, as a loose covering for the neck and
shoulders. India shawl, a kind of rich shawl made in India from the
wool of the Cashmere goat. It is woven in pieces, which are sewed
together. -- Shawl goat (Zo\'94l.), the Cashmere goat.
Shawl
Shawl, v. t. To wrap in a shawl. Thackeray.
Shawm
Shawm (?), n. [OE. shalmie, OF. chalemie; cf. F. chalumeau shawm,
chaume haulm, stalk; all fr. L. calamus a reed, reed pipe. See Haulm,
and cf. Calumet.] (Mus.) A wind instrument of music, formerly in use,
supposed to have resembled either the clarinet or the hautboy in form.
[Written also shalm, shaum.] Otway.
Even from the shrillest shaum unto the cornamute. Drayton.
Shawnees
Shaw`nees" (?), n. pl.; sing. Shawnee (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North
American Indians who occupied Western New York and part of Ohio, but
were driven away and widely dispersed by the Iroquois.
Shay
Shay (?), n. A chaise. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]
She
She (?), pron. [sing. nom. She; poss. Her. ( or Hers (; obj. Her; pl.
nom. They (?); poss. Their (?) or Theirs (; obj. Them (?).] [OE. she,
sche, scheo, scho, AS. se\'a2, fem. of the definite article,
originally a demonstrative pronoun; cf. OS. siu, D. zij, G. sie, OHG.
siu, s\'c6, si, Icel. s&umac;, sj\'be, Goth. si she, s&omac;, fem.
article, Russ. siia, fem., this, Gr. s\'be, sy\'be. The possessive her
or hers, and the objective her, are from a different root. See Her.]
1. This or that female; the woman understood or referred to; the
animal of the female sex, or object personified as feminine, which was
spoken of.
She loved her children best in every wise. Chaucer.
Then Sarah denied, . . . for she was afraid. Gen. xviii. 15.
2. A woman; a female; -- used substantively. [R.]
Lady, you are the cruelest she alive. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sh e is us ed in co mposition wi th no uns of common
gender, for female, to denote an animal of the female sex; as, a
she-bear; a she-cat.
Sheading
Shead"ing (?), n. [From AS. sc\'bedan, sce\'a0dan, to separate,
divide. See Shed, v. t.] A tithing, or division, in the Isle of Man,
in which there is a coroner, or chief constable. The island is divided
into six sheadings.
Sheaf
Sheaf (?), n. (Mech.) A sheave. [R.]
Sheaf
Sheaf, n.; pl. Sheaves (#). [OE. sheef, shef, schef, AS. sce\'a0f;
akin to D. schoof, OHG. scoub, G. schaub, Icel. skauf a fox's brush,
and E. shove. See Shove.]
1. A quantity of the stalks and ears of wheat, rye, or other grain,
bound together; a bundle of grain or straw.
The reaper fills his greedy hands, And binds the golden sheaves in
brittle bands. Dryden.
2. Any collection of things bound together; a bundle; specifically, a
bundle of arrows sufficient to fill a quiver, or the allowance of each
archer, -- usually twenty-four.
The sheaf of arrows shook and rattled in the case. Dryden.
Sheaf
Sheaf, v. t. To gather and bind into a sheaf; to make into sheaves;
as, to sheaf wheat.
Sheaf
Sheaf (?), v. i. To collect and bind cut grain, or the like; to make
sheaves.
They that reap must sheaf and bind. Shak.
Sheafy
Sheaf"y (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, a sheaf or sheaves;
resembling a sheaf.
Sheal
Sheal (?), n. Same as Sheeling. [Scot.]
Sheal
Sheal, v. t. To put under a sheal or shelter. [Scot.]
Sheal
Sheal, v. t. [See Shell.] To take the husks or pods off from; to
shell; to empty of its contents, as a husk or a pod. [Obs. or
Prov.Eng. & Scot.] Jamieson.
That's a shealed peascod. Shak.
Sheal
Sheal, n. A shell or pod. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]
Shealing
Sheal"ing, n. The outer husk, pod, or shell, as of oats, pease, etc.;
sheal; shell. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Shealing
Sheal"ing, n. Same as Sheeling. [Scot.]
Shear
Shear (?), v. t. [imp. Sheared (?) or Shore (;p. p. Sheared or Shorn
(; p. pr. & vb. n. Shearing.] [OE. sheren, scheren, to shear, cut,
shave, AS. sceran, scieran, scyran; akin to D. & G. scheren, Icel.
skera, Dan. ski, Gr. Jeer, Score, Shard, Share, Sheer to turn aside.]
1. To cut, clip, or sever anything from with shears or a like
instrument; as, to shear sheep; to shear cloth.
NOTE: &hand; It is especially applied to the cutting of wool from
sheep or their skins, and the nap from cloth.
2. To separate or sever with shears or a similar instrument; to cut
off; to clip (something) from a surface; as, to shear a fleece.
Before the golden tresses . . . were shorn away. Shak.
3. To reap, as grain. [Scot.] Jamieson.
4. Fig.: To deprive of property; to fleece.
5. (Mech.) To produce a change of shape in by a shear. See Shear, n.,
4.
Shear
Shear, n. [AS. sceara. See Shear, v. t.]
1. A pair of shears; -- now always used in the plural, but formerly
also in the singular. See Shears.
On his head came razor none, nor shear. Chaucer.
Short of the wool, and naked from the shear. Dryden.
2. A shearing; -- used in designating the age of sheep.
After the second shearing, he is a two-sher ram; . . . at the
expiration of another year, he is a three-shear ram; the name
always taking its date from the time of shearing. Youatt.
3. (Engin.) An action, resulting from applied forces, which tends to
cause two contiguous parts of a body to slide relatively to each other
in a direction parallel to their plane of contact; -- also called
shearing stress, and tangential stress.
4. (Mech.) A strain, or change of shape, of an elastic body,
consisting of an extension in one direction, an equal compression in a
perpendicular direction, with an unchanged magnitude in the third
direction.
Shear blade, one of the blades of shears or a shearing machine. --
Shear hulk. See under Hulk. -- Shear steel, a steel suitable for
shears, scythes, and other cutting instruments, prepared from fagots
of blistered steel by repeated heating, rolling, and tilting, to
increase its malleability and fineness of texture.
Shear
Shear, v. i.
1. To deviate. See Sheer.
2. (Engin.) To become more or less completely divided, as a body under
the action of forces, by the sliding of two contiguous parts
relatively to each other in a direction parallel to their plane of
contact.
Shearbill
Shear"bill`, n. (Zo\'94l.) The black skimmer. See Skimmer.
Sheard
Sheard (?), n. See Shard. [Obs.]
Shearer
Shear"er (?), n.
1. One who shears.
Like a lamb dumb before his shearer. Acts viii. 32.
2. A reaper. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Shearing
Shear"ing, n.
1. The act or operation of clipping with shears or a shearing machine,
as the wool from sheep, or the nap from cloth.
2. The product of the act or operation of clipping with shears or a
shearing machine; as, the whole shearing of a flock; the shearings
from cloth.
3. Same as Shearling. Youatt.
4. The act or operation of reaping. [Scot.]
5. The act or operation of dividing with shears; as, the shearing of
metal plates.
6. The process of preparing shear steel; tilting.
7. (Mining) The process of making a vertical side cutting in working
into a face of coal.
Shearing machine. (a) A machine with blades, or rotary disks, for
dividing plates or bars of metal. (b) A machine for shearing cloth.
Shearling
Shear"ling (?), n. A sheep but once sheared.
Shearman
Shear"man (?), n.; pl. Shearmen (. One whose occupation is to shear
cloth.
Shearn
Shearn (?), n. [AS. scearn. Cf. Scarn.] Dung; excrement. [Obs.]
[Written also shern.] Holland.
Shears
Shears (?), n. pl. [Formerly used also in the singular. See Shear,
n.,1.]
1. A cutting instrument. Specifically: (a) An instrument consisting of
two blades, commonly with bevel edges, connected by a pivot, and
working on both sides of the material to be cut, -- used for cutting
cloth and other substances.
Fate urged the shears, and cut the sylph in twain. Pope.
(b) A similar instrument the blades of which are extensions of a
curved spring, -- used for shearing sheep or skins. (c) A shearing
machine; a blade, or a set of blades, working against a resisting
edge.
2. Anything in the form of shears. Specifically: (a) A pair of wings.
[Obs.] Spenser. (b) An apparatus for raising heavy weights, and
especially for stepping and unstepping the lower masts of ships. It
consists of two or more spars or pieces of timber, fastened together
near the top, steadied by a guy or guys, and furnished with the
necessary tackle. [Written also sheers.]
3. (Mach.) The bedpiece of a machine tool, upon which a table or slide
rest is secured; as, the shears of a lathe or planer. See Illust.
under Lathe.
Rotary shears. See under Rotary.
Sheartail
Shear"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common tern. (b) Any one of
several species of humming birds of the genus Thaumastura having a
long forked tail.
Shearwater
Shear"wa`ter (?), n. [Shear + water; cf. G. wassersherer; -- so called
from its running lightly along the surface of the water.] (Zo\'94l.)
Any one of numerous species of long-winged oceanic birds of the genus
Puffinus and related genera. They are allied to the petrels, but are
larger. The Manx shearwater (P. Anglorum), the dusky shearwater (P.
obscurus), and the greater shearwater (P. major), are well-known
species of the North Atlantic. See Hagdon.
Sheatfish
Sheat"fish` (?), n. [Cf. dial. G. scheid, schaid, schaiden.]
(Zo\'94l.) A European siluroid fish (Silurus glanis) allied to the
cat-fishes. It is the largest fresh-water fish of Europe, sometimes
becoming six feet or more in length. See Siluroid.
Sheath
Sheath (?), n. [OE. schethe, AS. sc&aemac;&edh;, sce\'a0&edh;,
sc&emac;&edh;; akin to OS. sk&emac;&edh;ia, D. scheede, G. scheide,
OHG. sceida, Sw. skida, Dan. skede, Icel. skei&edh;ir, pl., and to E.
shed, v.t., originally meaning, to separate, to part. See Shed.]
1. A case for the reception of a sword, hunting knife, or other long
and slender instrument; a scabbard.
The dead knight's sword out of his sheath he drew. Spenser.
2. Any sheathlike covering, organ, or part. Specifically: (a) (Bot.)
The base of a leaf when sheathing or investing a stem or branch, as in
grasses. (b) (Zo\'94l.) One of the elytra of an insect.
Medullary sheath. (Anat.) See under Medullary. -- Primitive sheath.
(Anat.) See Neurilemma. -- Sheath knife, a knife with a fixed blade,
carried in a sheath. -- Sheath of Schwann. (Anat.) See Schwann's
sheath.
Sheathbill
Sheath"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Either one of two species of birds
composing the genus Chionis, and family Chionid\'91, native of the
islands of the Antarctic.seas.
NOTE: &hand; Th ey ar e re lated to the gulls and the plovers, but
more nearly to the latter. The base of the bill is covered with a
saddle-shaped horny sheath, and the toes are only slightly webbed.
The plumage of both species is white.
Sheathe
Sheathe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sheathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sheating.] [Written also sheath.]
1. To put into a sheath, case, or scabbard; to inclose or cover with,
or as with, a sheath or case.
The leopard . . . keeps the claws of his fore feet turned up from
the ground, and sheathed in the skin of his toes. Grew.
'T is in my breast she sheathes her dagger now. Dryden.
2. To fit or furnish, as with a sheath. Shak.
3. To case or cover with something which protects, as thin boards,
sheets of metal, and the like; as, to sheathe a ship with copper.
4. To obtund or blunt, as acrimonious substances, or sharp particles.
[R.] Arbuthnot.
To sheathe the sword, to make peace.
Sheathed
Sheathed (?), a.
1. Povided with, or inclosed in, sheath.
2. (Bot.) Invested by a sheath, or cylindrical membranaceous tube,
which is the base of the leaf, as the stalk or culm in grasses;
vaginate.
Sheather
Sheath"er (?), n. One who sheathes.
Sheathfish
Sheath"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sheatfish.
Sheathing
Sheath"ing (?), p. pr. & a. from Sheathe. Inclosing with a sheath; as,
the sheathing leaves of grasses; the sheathing stipules of many
polygonaceous plants.
Sheathing
Sheath"ing, n. That which sheathes. Specifically: (a) The casing or
covering of a ship's bottom and sides; the materials for such
covering; as, copper sheathing. (b) (Arch.) The first covering of
boards on the outside wall of a frame house or on a timber roof; also,
the material used for covering; ceiling boards in general.
Sheathless
Sheath"less (?), a. Without a sheath or case for covering; unsheathed.
Sheath-winged
Sheath"-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having elytra, or wing cases, as a
beetle.
Sheathy
Sheath"y (?), a. Forming or resembling a sheath or case. Sir T.
Browne.
Shea tree
She"a tree` (?). (Bot.) An African sapotaceous tree (Bassia, OR
Butyrospermum, Parkii), from the seeds of which a substance resembling
butter is obtained; the African butter tree.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1326
Sheave
Sheave (?), n. [Akin to OD. schijve orb, disk, wheel, D. schiff, G.
scheibe, Icel. sk\'c6fa a shaving, slice; cf. Gr. Shift, v., Shive.] A
wheel having a groove in the rim for a rope to work in, and set in a
block, mast, or the like; the wheel of a pulley. Sheave hole, a
channel cut in a mast, yard, rail, or other timber, in which to fix a
sheave.
Sheave
Sheave, v. t. [See Sheaf of straw.] To gather and bind into a sheaf or
sheaves; hence, to collect. Ashmole.
Sheaved
Sheaved (?), a. Made of straw. [Obs.] Shak.
Shebander
Sheb"an*der (?), n. [Per. sh\'behbandar.] A harbor master, or ruler of
a port, in the East Indies. [Written also shebunder.]
Shebang
She*bang" (?), n. [Cf. Shebeen.] A jocosely depreciative name for a
dwelling or shop. [Slang,U.S.]
Shebeen
She*been" (?), n. [Of Irish origin; cf. Ir. seapa a shop.] A low
public house; especially, a place where spirits and other excisable
liquors are illegally and privately sold. [Ireland]<-- in the 1920's,
termed a speakeasy -->
Shechinah
She*chi"nah (?), n. See Shekinah.
Shecklaton
Sheck"la*ton (?), n. [Cf. Ciclatoun.] A kind of gilt leather. See
Checklaton. [Obs.] Spenser.
Shed
Shed (?), n. [The same word as shade. See Shade.] A slight or
temporary structure built to shade or shelter something; a structure
usually open in front; an outbuilding; a hut; as, a wagon shed; a wood
shed.
The first Aletes born in lowly shed. Fairfax.
Sheds of reeds which summer's heat repel. Sandys.
Shed
Shed, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shed; p. pr. & vb. n. Shedding.] [OE.
scheden, sch, to pour, to part, AS. sc\'bedan, sce\'a0dan, to pert, to
separate; akin to OS. sk, OFries. skscheiden, OHG. sceidan, Goth.
skaidan, and probably to Lith. sk\'89du I part, separate, L. scindere
to cleave, to split, Gr. chid, and perch. also to L. caedere to cut.
&root;159. Cf. Chisel, Concise, Schism, Sheading, Sheath, Shide.]
1. To separate; to divide. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.] Robert of Brunne.
2. To part with; to throw off or give forth from one's self; to emit;
to diffuse; to cause to emanate or flow; to pour forth or out; to
spill; as, the sun sheds light; she shed tears; the clouds shed rain.
Did Romeo's hand shed Tybalt's blood? Shak.
Twice seven consenting years have shed Their utmost bounty on thy
head. Wordsworth.
3. To let fall; to throw off, as a natural covering of hair, feathers,
shell; to cast; as, fowls shed their feathers; serpents shed their
skins; trees shed leaves.
4. To cause to flow off without penetrating; as, a tight roof, or
covering of oiled cloth, sheeds water.
5. To sprinkle; to intersperse; to cover. [R.] "Her hair . . . is shed
with gray." B. Jonson.
6. (Weaving) To divide, as the warp threads, so as to form a shed, or
passageway, for the shuttle.
Shed
Shed, v. i.
1. To fall in drops; to pour. [Obs.]
Such a rain down from the welkin shadde. Chaucer.
2. To let fall the parts, as seeds or fruit; to throw off a covering
or envelope.
White oats are apt to shed most as they lie, and black as they
stand. Mortimer.
Shed
Shed, n.
1. A parting; a separation; a division. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]
They say also that the manner of making the shed of newwedded
wives' hair with the iron head of a javelin came up then likewise.
Sir T. North.
2. The act of shedding or spilling; -- used only in composition, as in
bloodshed.
3. That which parts, divides, or sheds; -- used in composition, as in
watershed.
4. (Weaving) The passageway between the threads of the warp through
which the shuttle is thrown, having a sloping top and bottom made by
raising and lowering the alternate threads.
Shedder
Shed"der (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, sheds; as, a shedder of blood; a shedder of
tears.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A crab in the act of casting its shell, or immediately
afterwards while still soft; -- applied especially to the edible
crabs, which are most prized while in this state.
Shedding
Shed"ding (?), n.
1. The act of shedding, separating, or casting off or out; as, the
shedding of blood.
2. That which is shed, or cast off. [R.] Wordsworth.
Shelfa, Shilfa
Shel"fa (?), Shil"fa (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The chaffinch; -- so named
from its call note. [Prov. Eng.]
Sheeling
Sheel"ing (?), n. [Icel. skj a shelter, a cover; akin to Dan. & Sw.
skjul.] A hut or small cottage in an expessed or a retired place (as
on a mountain or at the seaside) such as is used by shepherds,
fishermen, sportsmen, etc.; a summer cottage; also, a shed. [Written
also sheel, shealing, sheiling, etc.] [Scot.]
Sheely
Sheel"y (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sheelfa.
Sheen
Sheen (?), a. [OE. sehene, AS. sci\'82ne, sc, sc, splendid, beautiful;
akin to OFries. sk, sk, OS. sc, D. schoon, G. sch\'94n, OHG. sc, Goth,
skanus, and E. shew; the original meaning being probably, visible,
worth seeing. It is not akin to E. shine. See Shew, v. t.] Bright;
glittering; radiant; fair; showy; sheeny. [R., except in poetry.]
This holy maiden, that is so bright and sheen. Chaucer.
Up rose each warrier bold and brave, Glistening in filed steel and
armor sheen. Fairfax.
Sheen
Sheen, v. i. To shine; to glisten. [Poetic]
This town, That, sheening far, celestial seems to be. Byron.
Sheen
Sheen, n. Brightness; splendor; glitter. "Throned in celestial sheen."
Milton.
Sheenly
Sheen""ly, adv. Brightly. [R.] Mrs. Browning.
Sheeny
Sheen"y (?), a. Bright; shining; radiant; sheen. "A sheeny summer
morn." Tennyson.
Sheep
Sheep (?), n. sing. & pl. [OE. shep, scheep, AS. sc, sce\'a0p; akin to
OFries. sk, LG. & D. schaap, G. schaf, OHG. sc\'bef, Skr. ch\'bega.
&root;295. Cf. Sheepherd.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of ruminants of the genus
Ovis, native of the higher mountains of both hemispheres, but most
numerous in Asia.
NOTE: &hand; Th e do mestic sheep (Ovis aries) varies much in size,
in the length and texture of its wool, the form and size of its
horns, the length of its tail, etc. It was domesticated in
prehistoric ages, and many distinct breeds have been produced; as
the merinos, celebrated for their fine wool; the Cretan sheep,
noted for their long horns; the fat-tailed, or Turkish, sheep,
remarkable for the size and fatness of the tail, which often has to
be supported on trucks; the Southdowns, in which the horns are
lacking; and an Asiatic breed which always has four horns.
2. A weak, bashful, silly fellow. Ainsworth.
3. pl. Fig.: The people of God, as being under the government and
protection of Christ, the great Shepherd.
Rocky mountain sheep.(Zo\'94l.) See Bighorn. -- Maned sheep.
(Zo\'94l.) See Aoudad. -- Sheep bot (Zo\'94l.), the larva of the sheep
botfly. See Estrus. -- Sheep dog (Zo\'94l.), a shepherd dog, or
collie. -- Sheep laurel (Bot.), a small North American shrub (Kalmia
angustifolia) with deep rose-colored flowers in corymbs. -- Sheep pest
(Bot.), an Australian plant (Ac\'91na ovina) related to the burnet.
The fruit is covered with barbed spines, by which it adheres to the
wool of sheep. -- Sheep run, an extensive tract of country where sheep
range and graze. -- Sheep's beard (Bot.), a cichoraceous herb
(Urospermum Dalechampii) of Southern Europe; -- so called from the
conspicuous pappus of the achenes. -- Sheep's bit (Bot.), a European
herb (Jasione montana) having much the appearance of scabious. --
Sheep pox (Med.), a contagious disease of sheep, characterixed by the
development of vesicles or pocks upon the skin. -- Sheep scabious.
(Bot.) Same as Sheep's bit. -- Sheep shears, shears in which the
blades form the two ends of a steel bow, by the elasticity of which
they open as often as pressed together by the hand in cutting; -- so
called because used to cut off the wool of sheep. -- Sheep sorrel.
(Bot.), a prerennial herb (Rumex Acetosella) growing naturally on
poor, dry, gravelly soil. Its leaves have a pleasant acid taste like
sorrel. -- Sheep's-wool (Zo\'94l.), the highest grade of Florida
commercial sponges (Spongia equina, variety gossypina). -- Sheep tick
(Zo\'94l.), a wingless parasitic insect (Melophagus ovinus) belonging
to the Diptera. It fixes its proboscis in the skin of the sheep and
sucks the blood, leaving a swelling. Called also sheep pest, and sheep
louse. -- Sheep walk, a pasture for sheep; a sheep run. -- Wild sheep.
(Zo\'94l.) See Argali, Mouflon, and O\'94rial.
Sheepback
Sheep"back` (?), n. (Geol.) A rounded knoll of rock resembling the
back of a sheep. -- produced by glacial action. Called also roche
moutonn\'82e; -- usually in the plural.
Sheepberry
Sheep"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) The edible fruit of a small North American
tree of the genus Viburnum (V. Lentago), having white flowers in flat
cymes; also, the tree itself. Called also nannyberry.
Sheepbite
Sheep"bite` (?), v. i. To bite or nibble like a sheep; hence, to
practice petty thefts. [Obs.] Shak.
Sheepbiter
Sheep"bit`er (?), n. One who practices petty thefts. [Obs.] Shak.
There are political sheepbiters as well as pastoral; betrayers of
public trusts as well as of private. L'Estrange.
Sheepcot, Sheepcote
Sheep"cot` (?), Sheep"cote` (?), n. A small inclosure for sheep; a
pen; a fold.
Sheep-faced
Sheep"-faced` (?), a. Over-bashful; sheepish.
Sheepfold
Sheep"fold` (?), n. A fold or pen for sheep; a place where sheep are
collected or confined.
Sheep-headed
Sheep"-head`ed (?), a. Silly; simple-minded; stupid. Taylor (1630)
Sheephook
Sheep"hook` (?), n. A hook fastened to pole, by which shepherds lay
hold on the legs or necks of their sheep; a shepherd's crook. Dryden.
Sheepish
Sheep"ish, a.
1. Of or pertaining to sheep. [Obs.]
2. Like a sheep; bashful; over-modest; meanly or foolishly diffident;
timorous to excess.
Wanting change of company, he will, when he comes abroad, be a
sheepish or conceited creature. Locke.
-- Sheep"ish*ly, adv. -- Sheep"ish*ness, n.
Sheepmaster
Sheep"mas`ter (?), n. A keeper or feeder of sheep; also, an owner of
sheep. 2 Kings iii. 4.
Sheeprack
Sheep"rack` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The starling.
Sheep's-eye
Sheep's"-eye` (?), n. A modest, diffident look; a loving glance; --
commonly in the plural.
I saw her just now give him the languishing eye, as they call it; .
. . of old called the sheep's-eye. Wycherley.
Sheep's-foot
Sheep's-foot` (?), n. A printer's tool consisting of a metal bar
formed into a hammer head at one end and a claw at the other, -- used
as a lever and hammer.
Sheepshank
Sheep"shank` (?), n. (Naut.) A hitch by which a rope may be
temporarily shortened.
Sheepshead
Sheeps"head` (, n. [So called because of the fancied resemblance of
its head and front teeth to those of a sheep.] (Zo\'94l.) A large and
valuable sparoid food fish (Archosargus, OR Diplodus, probatocephalus)
found on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It often weighs from
ten to twelve pounds.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is also locally, in a loose way, applied to
various other fishes, as the butterfish, the fresh-water drumfish,
the parrot fish, the porgy, and the moonfish.
Sheep-shearer
Sheep"-shear`er (?), n. One who shears, or cuts off the wool from,
sheep.
Sheep-shearing
Sheep"-shear`ing (?), n.
1. Act of shearing sheep.
2. A feast at the time of sheep-shearing. Shak.
Sheepskin
Sheep"skin` (?), n.
1. The skin of a sheep; or, leather prepared from it.
2. A diploma; -- so called because usually written or printed on
parchment prepared from the skin of the sheep. [College Cant]
Sheepsplit
Sheep"split` (?), n. A split of a sheepskin; one of the thin sections
made by splitting a sheepskin with a cutting knife or machine.
Sheepy
Sheep"y (?), a. Resembling sheep; sheepish. Testament of Love.
Sheer
Sheer (?), a. [OE. shere, skere, pure, bright, Icel. sk; akin to
sk\'c6rr, AS. sc\'c6r, OS. sk\'c6ri, MHG. sch\'c6r, G. schier, Dan.
sk, Sw. sk\'84r, Goth. skeirs clear, and E. shine. &root;157. See
Shine, v. i.]
1. Bright; clear; pure; unmixed. "Sheer ale." Shak.
Thou sheer, immaculate, and silver fountain. Shak.
2. Very thin or transparent; -- applied to fabrics; as, sheer muslin.
3. Being only what it seems to be; obvious; simple; mere; downright;
as, sheer folly; sheer nonsense. "A sheer impossibility." De Quincey.
It is not a sheer advantage to have several strings to one's bow.
M. Arnold.
4. Stright up and down; vertical; prpendicular.
A sheer precipice of a thousand feet. J. D. Hooker.
It was at least Nine roods of sheer ascent. Wordsworth.
Sheer
Sheer, adv. Clean; quite; at once. [Obs.] Milton.
Sheer
Sheer, v. t. [See Shear.] To shear. [Obs.] Dryden.
Sheer
Sheer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sheered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sheering.] [D.
sheren to shear, cut, withdraw, warp. See Shear.] To decline or
deviate from the line of the proper course; to turn aside; to swerve;
as, a ship sheers from her course; a horse sheers at a bicycle. To
sheer off, to turn or move aside to a distance; to move away. -- To
sheer up, to approach obliquely.
Sheer
Sheer, n.
1. (Naut.) (a) The longitudinal upward curvature of the deck, gunwale,
and lines of a vessel, as when viewed from the side. (b) The position
of a vessel riding at single anchor and swinging clear of it.
2. A turn or change in a course.
Give the canoe a sheer and get nearer to the shore. Cooper.
3. pl. Shears See Shear.
Sheer batten (Shipbuilding), a long strip of wood to guide the
carpenters in following the sheer plan. -- Sheer boom, a boom slanting
across a stream to direct floating logs to one side. -- Sheer hulk.
See Shear hulk, under Hulk. -- Sheer plan, OR Sheer draught
(Shipbuilding), a projection of the lines of a vessel on a vertical
longitudinal plane passing through the middle line of the vessel. --
Sheer pole (Naut.), an iron rod lashed to the shrouds just above the
dead-eyes and parallel to the ratlines. -- Sheer strake
(Shipbuilding), the strake under the gunwale on the top side. Totten.
-- To break sheer (Naut.), to deviate from sheer, and risk fouling the
anchor.
Sheerly
Sheer"ly (?), adv. At once; absolutely. [Obs.]
Sheerwater
Sheer"wa`ter (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The shearwater.
Sheet
Sheet (?), n. [OE. shete, schete, AS. sc, sc, fr. sce\'a0t a
projecting corner, a fold in a garment (akin to D. schoot sheet,
bosom, lap, G. schoss bosom, lap, flap of a coat, Icel. skaut, Goth.
skauts the hem of a garment); originally, that which shoots out, from
the root of AS. sce\'a2tan to shoot. &root;159. See Shoot, v. t.] In
general, a large, broad piece of anything thin, as paper, cloth, etc.;
a broad, thin portion of any substance; an expanded superficies.
Specifically: (a) A broad piece of cloth, usually linen or cotton,
used for wrapping the body or for a covering; especially, one used as
an article of bedding next to the body.
He fell into a trance, and saw heaven opened, and a certain vessel
descending unto him, as it had been a great sheet knit at the four
corners. Acts x. 10, 11.
If I do die before thee, prithee, shroud me In one of those same
sheets. Shak.
(b) A broad piece of paper, whether folded or unfolded, whether blank
or written or printed upon; hence, a letter; a newspaper, etc. (c) A
single signature of a book or a pamphlet; in pl., the book itself.
To this the following sheets are intended for a full and distinct
answer. Waterland.
(d) A broad, thinly expanded portion of metal or other substance; as,
a sheet of copper, of glass, or the like; a plate; a leaf. (e) A broad
expanse of water, or the like. "The two beautiful sheets of water."
Macaulay. (f) A sail. Dryden. (g) (Geol.) An extensive bed of an
eruptive rock intruded between, or overlying, other strata.
2. [AS. sce\'a0ta. See the Etymology above.] (Naut.) (a) A rope or
chain which regulates the angle of adjustment of a sail in relation in
relation to the wind; -- usually attached to the lower corner of a
sail, or to a yard or a boom. (b) pl. The space in the forward or the
after part of a boat where there are no rowers; as, fore sheets; stern
sheets.
NOTE: &hand; Sheet is often used adjectively, or in combination, to
denote that the substance to the name of which it is prefixed is in
the form of sheets, or thin plates or leaves; as, sheet brass, or
sheet-brass; sheet glass, or sheet-glass; sheet gold, or
sheet-gold; sheet iron, or sheet-iron, etc.
A sheet in the wind, half drunk. [Sailors' Slang] -- Both sheets in
the wind, very drunk. [Sailors' Slang] -- In sheets, lying flat or
expanded; not folded, or folded but not bound; -- said especially of
printed sheets. -- Sheet bend (Naut.), a bend or hitch used for
temporarily fastening a rope to the bight of another rope or to an
eye. -- Sheet lightning, Sheet piling, etc. See under Lightning,
Piling, etc. <-- Three sheets to the wind, very drunk (now more common
than "both sheets in the wind" -->
Sheet
Sheet, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sheeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sheeting.]
1. To furnish with a sheet or sheets; to wrap in, or cover with, a
sheet, or as with a sheet. "The sheeted dead." "When snow the pasture
sheets." Shak.
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2. To expand, as a sheet.
The star shot flew from the welkin blue, As it fell from the
sheeted sky. J. R. Drake.
To sheet home (Naut.), to haul upon a sheet until the sail is as flat,
and the clew as near the wind, as possible.
Sheet anchor
Sheet" an"chor (?). [OE. scheten to shoot, AS. sce\'a2tan; cf. OE.
shoot anchor. See Shoot, v. t.]
1. (Naut.) A large anchor stowed on shores outside the waist of a
vessel; -- called also waist anchor. See the Note under Anchor.
2. Anything regarded as a sure support or dependence in danger; the
best hope or refuge.
Sheet cable
Sheet" ca"ble (?). (Naut.) The cable belonging to the sheet anchor.
Sheet chain
Sheet" chain" (?). (Naut.) A chain sheet cable.
Sheetful
Sheet"ful (?), n.; pl. Sheetfuls (. Enough to fill a sheet; as much as
a sheet can hold.
Sheeting
Sheet"ing, n.
1. Cotton or linen cloth suitable for bed sheets. It is sometimes made
of double width.
2. (Hydraul. Engin.) A lining of planks or boards (rarely of metal)
for protecting an embankment.
3. The act or process of forming into sheets, or flat pieces; also,
material made into sheets.
Sheik
Sheik (?), n. [Ar. sheikh, shaykh, a venerable old man, a chief, fr.
sh\'bekha to grow or be old.] The head of an Arab family, or of a clan
or a tribe; also, the chief magistrate of an Arab village. The name is
also applied to Mohammedan ecclesiastics of a high grade. [Written
also scheik, shaik, sheikh.]
Shell, Shelling
Shell (?), Shell"ing, n. See Sheeling.
Shekel
Shek"el (?), n. [Heb. shegel, fr. sh\'begal to weigh.]
1. An ancient weight and coin used by the Jews and by other nations of
the same stock.
NOTE: &hand; A common estimate makes the shekel equal in weight to
about 130 grains for gold, 224 grains for silver, and 450 grains
for copper, and the approximate values of the coins are (gold)
$5.00, (silver) 60 cents, and (copper half shekel), one and one
half cents.
2. pl. A jocose term for money.
Shekinah
She*ki"nah (?), n. [Heb Talmud shek\'c6n\'beh, fr. sh\'bekan to
inhabit.] The visible majesty of the Divine Presence, especially when
resting or dwelling between the cherubim on the mercy seat, in the
Tabernacle, or in the Temple of Solomon; -- a term used in the Targums
and by the later Jews, and adopted by Christians. [Written also
Shechinah.] Dr. W. Smith (Bib. Dict.)
Sheld
Sheld (?), a. [OE., fr. sheld a shield, probably in allusion to the
ornamentation of shields. See Shield.] Variegated; spotted; speckled;
piebald. [Prov. Eng.]
Sheldafle, Sheldaple
Sheld"a*fle (?), Sheld"a*ple (?), n. [Perhaps for sheld dapple. Cf.
Sheldrake.] (Zo\'94l.) A chaffinch. [Written also sheldapple, and
shellapple.]
Sheldfowl
Sheld"fowl` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The common sheldrake. [Prov. Eng.]
Sheldrake
Shel"drake` (?), n. [Sheld + drake.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large Old World ducks of
the genus Tadorna and allied genera, especially the European and
Asiatic species. (T. cornuta, OR tadorna), which somewhat resembles a
goose in form and habit, but breeds in burrows.
NOTE: &hand; It ha s the head and neck greenish black, the breast,
sides, and forward part of the back brown, the shoulders and middle
of belly black, the speculum green, and the bill and frontal bright
red. Called also shelduck, shellduck, sheldfowl, skeelduck,
bergander, burrow duck, and links goose.
NOTE: &hand; The Australian sheldrake (Tadorna radja) has the head,
neck, breast, flanks, and wing coverts white, the upper part of the
back and a band on the breast deep chestnut, and the back and tail
black. The chestnut sheldrake of Australia (Casarca tadornoides) is
varied with black and chestnut, and has a dark green head and neck.
The ruddy sheldrake, or Braminy duck (C. rutila), and the
white-winged sheldrake (C. leucoptera), are related Asiatic
species.
2. Any one of the American mergansers.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is also loosely applied to other ducks, as
the canvasback, and the shoveler.
Shelduck
Shel"duck` (?), n. [Sheld variegated + duck.] (Zo\'94l.) The
sheldrake. [Written also shellduck.]
Shelf
Shelf (?), n.; pl. Shelves (#). [OE. shelfe, schelfe, AS. scylfe; akin
to G. schelfe, Icel. skj\'belf. In senses 2 & 3, perhaps a different
word (cf. Shelve, v. i.).]
1. (Arch.) A flat tablet or ledge of any material set horizontally at
a distance from the floor, to hold objects of use or ornament.
2. A sand bank in the sea, or a rock, or ledge of rocks, rendering the
water shallow, and dangerous to ships.
On the tawny sands and shelves. Milton.
On the secret shelves with fury cast. Dryden.
3. (Mining) A stratum lying in a very even manner; a flat, projecting
layer of rock.
4. (Naut.) A piece of timber running the whole length of a vessel
inside the timberheads. D. Kemp.
To lay on the shelf, to lay aside as unnecessary or useless; to
dismiss; to discard.
Shelfy
Shelf"y (?), a.
1. Abounding in shelves; full of dangerous shallows. "A shelfy coast."
Dryden.
2. Full of strata of rock. [Obs.]
The tillable fields are in some places . . . so shelfy that the
corn hath much ado to fasten its root. Carew.
Shell
Shell (?), n. [OE. shelle, schelle, AS. scell, scyll; akin to D. shel,
Icel. skel, Goth. skalja a tile, and E. skill. Cf. Scale of fishes,
Shale, Skill.]
1. A hard outside covering, as of a fruit or an animal. Specifically:
(a) The covering, or outside part, of a nut; as, a hazelnut shell. (b)
A pod. (c) The hard covering of an egg.
Think him as a serpent's egg, . . . And kill him in the shell.
Shak.
(d) (Zo\'94l.) The hard calcareous or chitinous external covering of
mollusks, crustaceans, and some other invertebrates. In some mollusks,
as the cuttlefishes, it is internal, or concealed by the mantle. Also,
the hard covering of some vertebrates, as the armadillo, the tortoise,
and the like. (e) (Zo\'94l.) Hence, by extension, any mollusks having
such a covering.
2. (Mil.) A hollow projectile, of various shapes, adapted for a mortar
or a cannon, and containing an explosive substance, ignited with a
fuse or by percussion, by means of which the projectile is burst and
its fragments scattered. See Bomb.
3. The case which holds the powder, or charge of powder and shot, used
with breechloading small arms.
4. Any slight hollow structure; a framework, or exterior structure,
regarded as not complete or filled in; as, the shell of a house.
5. A coarse kind of coffin; also, a thin interior coffin inclosed in a
more substantial one. Knight.
6. An instrument of music, as a lyre, -- the first lyre having been
made, it is said, by drawing strings over a tortoise shell.
When Jubal struck the chorded shell. Dryden.
7. An engraved copper roller used in print works.
8. pl. The husks of cacao seeds, a decoction of which is often used as
a substitute for chocolate, cocoa, etc.
9. (Naut.) The outer frame or case of a block within which the sheaves
revolve.
10. A light boat the frame of which is covered with thin wood or with
paper; as, a racing shell.
Message shell, a bombshell inside of which papers may be put, in order
to convey messages. -- Shell bit, a tool shaped like a gouge, used
with a brace in boring wood. See Bit, n., 3. -- Shell button. (a) A
button made of shell. (b) A hollow button made of two pieces, as of
metal, one for the front and the other for the back, -- often covered
with cloth, silk, etc. -- Shell cameo, a cameo cut in shell instead of
stone. -- Shell flower. (Bot.) Same as Turtlehead. -- Shell gland.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A glandular organ in which the rudimentary shell is
formed in embryonic mollusks. (b) A glandular organ which secretes the
eggshells of various worms, crustacea, mollusks, etc. -- Shell gun, a
cannon suitable for throwing shells. -- Shell ibis (Zo\'94l.), the
openbill of India. -- Shell jacket, an undress military jacket. --
Shell lime, lime made by burning the shells of shellfish. -- Shell
marl (Min.), a kind of marl characterized by an abundance of shells,
or fragments of shells. -- Shell meat, food consisting of shellfish,
or testaceous mollusks. Fuller. -- Shell mound. See under Mound. --
Shell of a boiler, the exterior of a steam boiler, forming a case to
contain the water and steam, often inclosing also flues and the
furnace; the barrel of a cylindrical, or locomotive, boiler. -- Shell
road, a road of which the surface or bed is made of shells, as oyster
shells. -- Shell sand, minute fragments of shells constituting a
considerable part of the seabeach in some places.
Shell
Shell, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shelling.]
1. To strip or break off the shell of; to take out of the shell, pod,
etc.; as, to shell nuts or pease; to shell oysters.
2. To separate the kernels of (an ear of Indian corn, wheat, oats,
etc.) from the cob, ear, or husk.
3. To throw shells or bombs upon or into; to bombard; as, to shell a
town.
To shell out, to distribute freely; to bring out or pay, as money.
[Colloq.]
Shell
Shell, v. i.
1. To fall off, as a shell, crust, etc.
2. To cast the shell, or exterior covering; to fall out of the pod or
husk; as, nuts shell in falling.
3. To be disengaged from the ear or husk; as, wheat or rye shells in
reaping.
Shell-lac, Shellac
Shell"-lac`, Shel"lac` (?), n. [Shell + lac a resinous substance; cf.
D. shellak, G. schellack.] See the Note under 2d Lac.
Shellapple
Shell"ap`ple, n. (Zo\'94l.) See Sheldafle.
Shellbark
Shell"bark` (?), n. (Bot.) A species of hickory (Carya alba) whose
outer bark is loose and peeling; a shagbark; also, its nut.
Shelled
Shelled (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a shell.
Sheller
Shell"er (?), n. One who, or that which, shells; as, an oyster
sheller; a corn sheller.
Shellfish
Shell"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any aquatic animal whose external
covering consists of a shell, either testaceous, as in oysters, clams,
and other mollusks, or crustaceous, as in lobsters and crabs.
Shelling
Shell"ing, n. Groats; hulled oats. Simmonds.
Shell-less
Shell"-less, a. Having no shell. J. Burroughs.
Shellproof
Shell"proof` (?), a. Capable of resisting bombs or other shells;
bombproof.
Shellwork
Shell"work` (?), n. Work composed of shells, or adorned with them.
Cotgrave.
Shelly
Shell"y (?), a. Abounding with shells; consisting of shells, or of a
shell. "The shelly shore." Prior.
Shrinks backward in his shelly cave. Shak.
Shelter
Shel"ter (?), n. [Cf. OE. scheltrun, shiltroun, schelltrome,
scheldtrome, a guard, squadron, AS. scildtruma a troop of men with
shields; scild shield + truma a band of men. See Shield, n.]
1. That which covers or defends from injury or annoyance; a
protection; a screen.
The sick and weak the healing plant shall aid, From storms a
shelter, and from heat a shade. Pope.
2. One who protects; a guardian; a defender.
Thou [God] hast been a shelter for me. Ps. lxi. 3.
3. The state of being covered and protected; protection; security.
Who into shelter takes their tender bloom. Young.
Shelter tent,a small tent made of pieces of cotton duck arranged to
button together. In field service the soldiers carry the pieces. Syn.
-- Asylum; refuge; retreat; covert; sanctuary; protection; defense;
security.
Shelter
Shel"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sheltered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sheltering.]
1. To be a shelter for; to provide with a shelter; to cover from
injury or annoyance; to shield; to protect.
Those ruins sheltered once his sacred head. Dryden.
You have no convents . . . in which such persons may be received
and sheltered. Southey.
2. To screen or cover from notice; to disguise.
In vain I strove to cheek my growing flame, Or shelter passion
under friendship's name. Prior.
3. To betake to cover, or to a safe place; -- used reflexively.
They sheltered themselves under a rock. Abp. Abbot.
Shelter
Shel"ter, v. i. To take shelter.
There oft the Indian herdsman, shunning heat, Shelters in cool.
Milton.
Shelterless
Shel"ter*less, a. Destitute of shelter or protection.
Now sad and shelterless perhaps she lies. Rowe.
Sheltery
Shel"ter*y (?), a. Affording shelter. [R.]
Sheltie, Shelty
Shel"tie (?), Shel"ty (?), n. A Shetland pony.
Shelve
Shelve (?), v. t.
1. To furnish with shelves; as, to shelve a closet or a library.
2. To place on a shelf. Hence: To lay on the shelf; to put aside; to
dismiss from service; to put off indefinitely; as, to shelve an
officer; to shelve a claim.
Shelve
Shelve, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shelved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shelving.]
[Perhapss originally from the same source as shallow, but influenced
by shelf a ledge, a platform.] To incline gradually; to be slopping;
as, the bottom shelves from the shore.
Shelving
Shelv"ing, a. Sloping gradually; inclining; as, a shelving shore.
Shak. "Shelving arches." Addison.
Shelving
Shelv"ing, n.
1. The act of fitting up shelves; as, the job of shelving a closet.
2. The act of laying on a shelf, or on the shelf; putting off or
aside; as, the shelving of a claim.
3. Material for shelves; shelves, collectively.
Shelvy
Shelv"y (?), a. Sloping gradually; shelving.
The shore was shelving and shallow. Shak.
Shemite
Shem"ite (?), n. A descendant of Shem.
Shemitic, Shemitish
Shem*it"ic (?), Shem"i*tish (?), a. Of or pertaining to Shem, the son
of Noah, or his descendants. See Semitic.
Shemitism
Shem"i*tism (?), n. See Semitism.
Shend
Shend (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shent (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shending.]
[AS. scendan to disgrace, bring to shame, from sceand, sceond,
disgrace, dishonor, shame; akin to G. schande, Goth. skanda. See
Shame, n.]
1. To injure, mar, spoil, or harm. [Obs.] "Loss of time shendeth us."
Chaucer.
I fear my body will be shent. Dryden.
2. To blame, reproach, or revile; to degrade, disgrace, or put to
shame. [Archaic] R. Browning.
The famous name of knighthood foully shend. Spenser.
She passed the rest as Cynthia doth shend The lesser stars.
Spenser.
Shendful
Shend"ful (?), a. Destructive; ruinous; disgraceful. [Obs.] --
Shend"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] Fabyan.
Shendship
Shend"ship, n. Harm; ruin; also, reproach; disgrace. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Shent
Shent (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Shend, for shendeth. Chaucer.
Shent
Shent, v. t. To shend. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sheol
She"ol (?), n. [Heb. sh.] The place of departed spirits; Hades; also,
the grave.
For thou wilt not leave my soul to sheel. Ps. xvi. 10. (Rev. Ver.)
Shepen
Shep"en (?), n. A stable; a shippen. [Obs.]
The shepne brenning with the blacke smoke. Chaucer.
Shepherd
Shep"herd (?), n. [OE. schepherde, schephirde, AS. sce\'a0phyrde;
sce\'a0p sheep + hyrde, hirde, heorde, a herd, a guardian. See Sheep,
and Herd.]
1. A man employed in tending, feeding, and guarding sheep, esp. a
flock grazing at large.
2. The pastor of a church; one with the religious guidance of others.
Shepherd bird (Zo\'94l.), the crested screamer. See Screamer. --
Shepherd dog (Zo\'94l.), a breed of dogs used largely for the herding
and care of sheep. There are several kinds, as the collie, or Scotch
shepherd dog, and the English shepherd dog. Called also shepherd's
dog. -- Shepherd dog, a name of Pan. Keats. -- Shepherd kings, the
chiefs of a nomadic people who invaded Egypt from the East in the
traditional period, and conquered it, at least in part. They were
expelled after about five hundred years, and attempts have been made
to connect their expulsion with narrative in the book of Exodus. --
Shepherd's club (Bot.), the common mullein. See Mullein. -- Shepherd's
crook, a long staff having the end curved so as to form a large hook,
-- used by shepherds. -- Shepherd's needle (Bot.), the lady's comb. --
Shepherd's plaid, a kind of woolen cloth of a checkered black and
white pattern. -- Shephered spider (Zo\'94l.), a daddy longlegs, or
harvestman. -- Shepherd's pouch, OR Shepherd's purse (Bot.), an annual
cruciferous plant (Capsella Bursapastoris) bearing small white flowers
and pouchlike pods. See Illust. of Silicle. -- Shepherd's rod, OR
Shepherd's staff (Bot.), the small teasel.
Shepherd
Shep"herd, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shepherded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Shepherding.] To tend as a shepherd; to guard, herd, lead, or drive,
as a shepherd. [Poetic]
White, fleecy clouds . . .
Shepherded by the slow, unwilling wind. Shelley.
Shepherdess
Shep"herd*ess, n. A woman who tends sheep; hence, a rural lass.
She put herself into the garb of a shepherdess. Sir P. Sidney.
Shepherdia
Shep*her"di*a (?), n.; pl. Shepherdias (#). [NL. So called from
John Shepherd, an English botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs
having silvery scurfy leaves, and belonging to the same family as
El\'91agnus; also, any plant of this genus. See Buffalo berry,
under Buffalo.
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Page 1328
Shepherdish
Shep"herd*ish (?), n. Resembling a shepherd; suiting a shepherd;
pastoral. Sir T. Sidney.
Shepherdism
Shep"herd*ism (?), n. Pastoral life or occupation.
Shepherdling
Shep"herd*ling (?), n. A little shepherd.
Shepherdly
Shep"herd*ly (?), a. Resembling, or becoming to, a shepherd;
pastoral; rustic. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
Shepster
Shep"ster (?), n. A seamstress. [Obs.] Caxton.
Sherbet
Sher"bet (?), n. [Ar. sherbet, shorbet, sharbat, properly, one
drink or sip, a draught, beverage, from shariba to drink. Cf.
Sorbet, Sirup, Shrub a drink.]
1. A refreshing drink, common in the East, made of the juice of
some fruit, diluted, sweetened, and flavored in various ways; as,
orange sherbet; lemon sherbet; raspberry sherbet, etc.
2. A flavored water ice.
3. A preparation of bicarbonate of soda, tartaric acid, sugar,
etc., variously flavored, for making an effervescing drink; --
called also sherbet powder.
Sherd
Sherd (?), n. A fragment; -- now used only in composition, as in
potsherd. See Shard.
The thigh . . . which all in sherds it drove. Chapman.
Shereef, Sherif
Sher"eef (?), Sher"if (?), n. [Ar. sher\'c6f noble, holy, n., a
prince.] A member of an Arab princely family descended from
Mohammed through his son-in-law Ali and daughter Fatima. The Grand
Shereef is the governor of Mecca.
Sheriat
Sher"i*at (?), n. [Turk. sher\'c6 'at] The sacred law of the
Turkish empire.
Sheriff
Sher"iff, n. [OE. shereve, AS. sc\'c6r-ger; sc\'c6r a shire + ger a
reeve. See Shire, and Reeve, and cf. Shrievalty.] The chief officer
of a shire or county, to whom is intrusted the execution of the
laws, the serving of judicial writs and processes, and the
preservation of the peace.
NOTE: &hand; In England, sheriffs are appointed by the king. In the
United States, sheriffs are elected by the legislature or by the
citizens, or appointed and commissioned by the executive of the
State. The office of sheriff in England is judicial and
ministerial. In the United States, it is mainly ministerial. The
sheriff, by himself or his deputies, executes civil and criminal
process throughout the county, has charge of the jail and
prisoners, attends courts, and keeps the peace. His judicial
authority is generally confined to ascertaining damages on writs of
inquiry and the like. Sheriff, in Scotland, called sheriff depute,
is properly a judge, having also certain ministerial powers.
Sheriff clerk is the clerk of the Sheriff's Court in Scotland.
Sheriff's Court in London is a tribunal having cognizance of
certain personal actions in that city.
Wharton, Tomlins. Erskine.
Sheriffalty, Sheriffdom, Sheriffry, Sheriffship, Sheriffwick
Sher"iff*al*ty (?), Sher"iff*dom (?), Sher"iff*ry (?),
Sher"iff*ship (?), Sher"iff*wick (?), n. The office or jurisdiction
of sheriff. See Shrievalty.
Shern
Shern (?), n. See Shearn. [Obs.]
Sherris
Sher"ris (?), n. Sherry. [Obs.] Shak.
Sherry
Sher"ry (?), n. [So called from Xeres, a Spanish town near Cadiz, x
in Spanish having been formerly pronounced like sh in English.] A
Spanish light-colored dry wine, made in Andalusia. As prepared for
commerce it is colored a straw color or a deep amber by mixing with
it cheap wine boiled down.
Sherry cobbler, a beverage prepared with sherry wine, water, lemon or
orange, sugar, ice, etc., and usually imbided through a straw or a
glass tube.
Sherryvallies
Sher"ry*val`lies (?), n. pl. [Cf. Sp. zaraquelles wide breeches or
overalls.] Trousers or overalls of thick cloth or leather, buttoned on
the outside of each leg, and generally worn to protect other trousers
when riding on horseback. [Local, U.S.] Bartlett.
Shet
Shet (?), v. t. & i. [imp. Shet. (Obs. Shette (); p. pr. Shet; p. pr.
& vb. n. Shetting.] To shut. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer.
Shete
Shete (?), v. t. & i. To shoot. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sheth
Sheth (?), n. The part of a plow which projects downward beneath the
beam, for holding the share and other working parts; -- also called
standard, or post.
Shetland pony
Shet"land po"ny (?). One of a small, hardy breed of horses, with long
mane and tail, which originated in the Shetland Islands; a sheltie.
Shew
Shew (?), v. t. & i. See Show.
Shew
Shew, n. Show. [Obs. except in shewbread.]
Shewbread
Shew"bread` (?). See Showbread.
Shewel
Shew"el (?), n. A scarecrow. [Obs.] Trench.
Shewer
Shew"er (?), n. One who shews. See Shower.
Shewn
Shewn (?), p. p. of Shew.
Shiah
Shi"ah (?), n. Same as Shiite.
Shibboleth
Shib"bo*leth (?), n. [Heb. shibb&omac;leth an ear of corn, or a
stream, a flood.]
1. A word which was made the criterion by which to distinguish the
Ephraimites from the Gileadites. The Ephraimites, not being able to
pronounce sh, called the word sibboleth. See Judges xii.
Without reprieve, adjudged to death, For want of well pronouncing
shibboleth. Milton.
Also in an extended sense.
The th, with its twofold value, is . . . the shibboleth of
foreigners. Earle.
2. Hence, the criterion, test, or watchword of a party; a party cry or
pet phrase.
Shide
Shide (?), n. [OE. shide, schide, AS. sc\'c6de; akin to OHG. sc\'c6t,
G. scheit, Icel. sk\'c6, and E. shed, v.t.] A thin board; a billet of
wood; a splinter. [Prov. Eng.]
Shie
Shie (?), v. t. See Shy, to throw.
Shied
Shied (?), imp. & p. p. of Shy.
Shiel
Shiel, n. A sheeling. [Scot.] Burns.
Shield
Shield (?), n. [OE. sheld, scheld, AS. scield, scild, sceld, scyld;
akin to OS. scild, OFries. skeld, D. & G. schild, OHG. scilt, Icel.
skj\'94ldr, Sw. sk\'94ld, Dan. skiold, Goth. skildus; of uncertain
origin. Cf. Sheldrake.]
1. A broad piece of defensive armor, carried on the arm, -- formerly
in general use in war, for the protection of the body. See Buckler.
Now put your shields before your hearts and fight, With hearts more
proof than shields. Shak.
2. Anything which protects or defends; defense; shelter; protection.
"My council is my shield." Shak.
3. Figuratively, one who protects or defends.
Fear not, Abram; I am thy shield, and thy exceeding great reward.
Gen. xv. 1.
4. (Bot.) In lichens, a Hardened cup or disk surrounded by a rim and
containing the fructification, or asci.
5. (Her.) The escutcheon or field on which are placed the bearings in
coats of arms. Cf. Lozenge. See Illust. of Escutcheon.
6. (Mining & Tunneling) A framework used to protect workmen in making
an adit under ground, and capable of being pushed along as excavation
progresses.
7. A spot resembling, or having the form of, a shield. "Bespotted as
with shields of red and black." Spenser.
8. A coin, the old French crown, or \'82cu, having on one side the
figure of a shield. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Shield fern (Bot.), any fern of the genus Aspidium, in which the
fructifications are covered with shield-shaped indusia; -- called also
wood fern. See Illust. of Indusium.
Shield
Shield (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shielded; p. pr. & vb. n. Shielding.]
[AS. scidan, scyldan. See Shield, n.]
1. To cover with, or as with, a shield; to cover from danger; to
defend; to protect from assault or injury.
Shouts of applause ran ringing through the field, To see the son
the vanquished father shield. Dryden.
A woman's shape doth shield thee. Shak.
2. To ward off; to keep off or out.
They brought with them their usual weeds, fit to shield the cold to
which they had been inured. Spenser.
3. To avert, as a misfortune; hence, as a supplicatory exclamation,
forbid! [Obs.]
God shield that it should so befall. Chaucer.
God shield I should disturb devotion! Shak.
Shield-bearer
Shield"-bear`er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, carries a shield.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any small moth of the genus Aspidisca, whose larva makes
a shieldlike covering for itself out of bits of leaves.
Shielddrake
Shield"drake` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A sheldrake.
Shieldless
Shield"less, a. Destitute of a shield, or of protection. --
Shield"less*ly, adv. -- Shield"less*ness, n.
Shieldtail
Shield"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of small burrowing snakes
of the family Uropeltid\'91, native of Ceylon and Southern Asia. They
have a small mouth which can not be dilated.
Shieling
Shiel"ing (?), n. A hut or shelter for shepherds of fishers. See
Sheeling. [Scot.]
Shift
Shift (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shifting.]
[OE. shiften, schiften, to divide, change, remove. AS. sciftan to
divide; akin to LG. & D. schiften to divide, distinguish, part Icel.
skipta to divide, to part, to shift, to change, Dan skifte, Sw.
skifta, and probably to Icel. sk\'c6fa to cut into slices, as n., a
slice, and to E. shive, sheave, n., shiver, n.]
1. To divide; to distribute; to apportion. [Obs.]
To which God of his bounty would shift Crowns two of flowers well
smelling. Chaucer.
2. To change the place of; to move or remove from one place to
another; as, to shift a burden from one shoulder to another; to shift
the blame.
Hastily he schifte him[self]. Piers Plowman.
Pare saffron between the two St. Mary's days, Or set or go shift it
that knowest the ways. Tusser.
3. To change the position of; to alter the bearings of; to turn; as,
to shift the helm or sails.
Carrying the oar loose, [they] shift it hither and thither at
pleasure. Sir W. Raleigh.
4. To exchange for another of the same class; to remove and to put
some similar thing in its place; to change; as, to shift the clothes;
to shift the scenes.
I would advise you to shift a shirt. Shak.
5. To change the clothing of; -- used reflexively. [Obs.]
As it were to ride day and night; and . . . not to have patience to
shift me. Shak.
6. To put off or out of the way by some expedient. "I shifted him
away." Shak.
To shift off, to delay; to defer; to put off; to lay aside. -- To
shift the scene, to change the locality or the surroundings, as in a
play or a story.
Shift the scene for half an hour; Time and place are in thy power.
Swift.
Shiff
Shiff, v. i.
1. To divide; to distribute. [Obs.]
Some this, some that, as that him liketh shift. Chaucer.
2. To make a change or changes; to change position; to move; to veer;
to substitute one thing for another; -- used in the various senses of
the transitive verb.
The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slippered pantaloon. Shak.
Here the Baillie shifted and fidgeted about in his seat. Sir W.
Scott.
3. To resort to expedients for accomplishing a purpose; to contrive;
to manage.
Men in distress will look to themselves, and leave their companions
to schift as well as they can. L'Estrange.
4. To practice indirect or evasive methods.
All those schoolmen, though they were exceeding witty, yet better
teach all their followers to shift, than to resolve by their
distinctions. Sir W. Raleigh.
5. (Naut.) To slip to one side of a ship, so as to destroy the
equilibrum; -- said of ballast or cargo; as, the cargo shifted.
Shift
Shift (?), n. [Cf. Icel skipti. See Shift, v. t.]
1. The act of shifting. Specifically: (a) The act of putting one thing
in the place of another, or of changing the place of a thing; change;
substitution.
My going to Oxford was not merely for shift of air. Sir H. Wotton.
(b) A turning from one thing to another; hence, an expedient tried in
difficalty; often, an evasion; a trick; a fraud. "Reduced to pitiable
shifts." Macaulay.
I 'll find a thousand shifts to get away. Shak.
Little souls on little shifts rely. Dryden.
2. Something frequently shifted; especially, a woman's under-garment;
a chemise.
3. The change of one set of workmen for another; hence, a spell, or
turn, of work; also, a set of workmen who work in turn with other
sets; as, a night shift.
4. In building, the extent, or arrangement, of the overlapping of
plank, brick, stones, etc., that are placed in courses so as to break
joints.
5. (Mining) A breaking off and dislocation of a seam; a fault.
6. (Mus.) A change of the position of the hand on the finger board, in
playing the violin.
To make shift, to contrive or manage in an exigency. "I shall make
shift to go without him." Shak.
[They] made a shift to keep their own in Ireland. Milton.
Shiftable
Shift"a*ble (?), a. Admitting of being shifted.
Shifter
Shift"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, shifts; one who plays tricks or practices
artifice; a cozener.
'T was such a shifter that, if truth were known, Death was half
glad when he had got him down. Milton.
2. (Naut.) An assistant to the ship's cook in washing, steeping, and
shifting the salt provisions.
3. (Mach.) (a) An arrangement for shifting a belt sidewise from one
pulley to another. (b) (Knitting Mach.) A wire for changing a loop
from one needle to another, as in narrowing, etc.
Shiftiness
Shift"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being shifty.
Diplomatic shiftiness and political versatility. J. A. Syminds.
Shifting
Shift"ing, a.
1. Changing in place, position, or direction; varying; variable;
fickle; as, shifting winds; shifting opinions or principles.
2. Adapted or used for shifting anything.
Shifting backstays (Naut.), temporary stays that have to be let go
whenever the vessel tacks or jibes. -- Shifting ballast, ballast which
may be moved from one side of a vessel to another as safety requires.
-- Shifting center. See Metacenter. -- Shifting locomotive. See
Switching engine, under Switch.
Shiftingly
Shift"ing*ly, adv. In a shifting manner.
Shiftless
Shift"less, a. Destitute of expedients, or not using successful
expedients; characterized by failure, especially by failure to provide
for one's own support, through negligence or incapacity; hence, lazy;
improvident; thriftless; as, a shiftless fellow; shiftless management.
-- Shift"less*ly, adv. -- Shift"less*ness, n.
Shifty
Shift"y (?), a. Full of, or ready with, shifts; fertile in expedients
or contrivance. Wright.
Shifty and thrifty as old Greek or modern Scot, there were few
things he could not invent, and perhaps nothing he could not
endure. C. Kingsley.
Shiite, Shiah
Shi"ite (?), Shi"ah (?), n. [Ar. sh\'c6'a\'c6a follower of the sect of
Ali, fr. sh\'c6'at, sh\'c6'ah, a multitude following one another in
pursuit of the same object, the sect of Ali, fr. sh\'be'a to follow.]
A member of that branch of the Mohammedans to which the Persians
belong. They reject the first three caliphs, and consider Ali as being
the first and only rightful successor of Mohammed. They do not
acknowledge the Sunna, or body of traditions respecting Mohammed, as
any part of the law, and on these accounts are treated as heretics by
the Sunnites, or orthodox Mohammedans.
Shikaree, Shikari
Shi*ka"ree, Shi*ka"ri (?) n. [Hind.] A sportsman; esp., a native
hunter. [India]
Shilf
Shilf (?), n. [CF. G. shilf sedge.] Straw. [Obs.]
Shill
Shill (?), v. t. To shell. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Shill
Shill, v. t. [Cf. Sheal.] To put under cover; to sheal. [Prov.ng.]
Brockett.
Shillalah, Shillelah
Shil*la"lah, Shil*le"lah (?), n. An oaken sapling or cudgel; any
cudgel; -- so called from Shillelagh, a place in Ireland of that name
famous for its oaks. [Irish] [Written also shillaly, and shillely.]
Shilling
Shil"ling (?), n. [OE. shilling, schilling, AS. scilling; akin to D.
schelling, OS. & OHG. scilling, G. schilling, Sw. & Dan. skilling,
Icel. skillingr, Goth. skilliggs, and perh. to OHG. scellan to sound,
G. schallen.]
1. A silver coin, and money of account, of Great Britain and its
dependencies, equal to twelve pence, or the twentieth part of a pound,
equivalent to about twenty-four cents of the United States currency.
2. In the United States, a denomination of money, differing in value
in different States. It is not now legally recognized.
NOTE: &hand; Ma ny of the States while colonies had issued bills of
credit which had depreciated in different degrees in the different
colonies. Thus, in New England currency (used also in Virginia,
Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Mississippi,
Alabama, and Florida), after the adoption of the decimal system,
the pound in paper money was worth only $3.333, and the shilling 16
Am. Cyc.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1329
3. The Spanish real, of the value of one eight of a dollar, or 12
York shilling. Same as Shilling, 3.
Shill-I-shall-I, Shilly-shally
Shill"-I-shall`-I (?), Shil"ly-shal`ly, adv. [A reduplication of shall
I.] In an irresolute, undecided, or hesitating manner.
I am somewhat dainty in making a resolution, because when I make
it, I keep it; I don't stand shill-I-shall-I then; if I say 't,
I'll do 't. Congreve.
Shilly-shally
Shil"ly-shal`ly, v. i. To hesitate; to act in an irresolute manner;
hence, to occupy one's self with trifles.
Shilly-shally
Shil"ly-shal`ly, n. Irresolution; hesitation; also, occupation with
trifles.
She lost not one of her forty-five minutes in picking and choosing,
-- no shilly-shally in Kate. De Quincey.
Shiloh
Shi"loh (sh\'c6\'b6l\'d3), n. [Heb. sh\'c6l\'d3h, literally, quiet,
rest, fr. sh\'bel\'beh to rest.] (Script.) A word used by Jacob on his
deathbed, and interpreted variously, as "the Messiah," or as the city
"Shiloh," or as "Rest."
Shily
Shi"ly (?), adv. See Shyly.
Shim
Shim (?), n.
1. A kind of shallow plow used in tillage to break the ground, and
clear it of weeds.
2. (Mach.) A thin piece of metal placed between two parts to make a
fit.
Shimmer
Shim"mer (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shimmered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shimmering.] [OE. schimeren, AS. scimerian; akin to sc\'c6mian,
sc\'c6man, to glitter, D. schemeren, G. schimmern, Dan. skimre, Sw.
skimra, AS. sc\'c6ma a light, brightness, Icel. sk\'c6ma, Goth. skeima
a torch, a lantern, and E. shine. &root;157. See Shine, v. i.] To
shine with a tremulous or intermittent light; to shine faintly; to
gleam; to glisten; to glimmer.
The shimmering glimpses of a stream. Tennyson.
Shimmer
Shim"mer, n. A faint, tremulous light; a gleaming; a glimmer.
TWo silver lamps, fed with perfumed oil, diffused . . . a trembling
twilight-seeming shimmer through the quiet apartment. Sir W. Scott.
Shimmering
Shim"mer*ing, n. A gleam or glimmering. "A little shimmering of a
light." Chaucer.
Shimmy
Shim"my (?), n. A chemise. [Colloq.]
Shin
Shin (?), n. [OE. shine, schine, AS. scina; akin to D. scheen, OHG.
scina, G. schiene, schienbein, Dan. skinnebeen, Sw. skenben. Cf.
Chine.]
1. The front part of the leg below the knee; the front edge of the
shin bone; the lower part of the leg; the shank. "On his shin."
Chaucer.
2. (Railbroad) A fish plate for rails. Knight.
Shin bone (Anat.), the tibia. -- Shin leaf (Bot.), a perennial
ericaceous herb (Pyrola elliptica) with a cluster of radical leaves
and a raceme of greenish white flowers.
Shin
Shin, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shinned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shinning.]
1. To climb a mast, tree, rope, or the like, by embracing it
alternately with the arms and legs, without help of steps, spurs, or
the like; -- used with up; as, to shin up a mast. [Slang] <-- now usu.
shinny -->
2. To run about borrowing money hastily and temporarily, as for the
payment of one's notes at the bank. [Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.
Shin
Shin, v. t. To climb (a pole, etc.) by shinning up. [Slang]
Shindle
Shin"dle (?), n. [See 2d Shingle.] A shingle; also, a slate for
roofing. [Obs.] Holland.
Shindle
Shin"dle, v. t. To cover or roof with shindles. [Obs.]
Shindy
Shin"dy (?), n.; pl. Shindies (#). [Etymol. uncertain; cf. Shinney,
Shinty.]
1. An uproar or disturbance; a spree; a row; a riot. [Slang]
Thackeray.
2. Hockey; shinney. Bartlett.
3. A fancy or liking. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.
Shine
Shine (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shone ( (archaic Shined (); p. pr. &
vb. n. Shining.] [OE. shinen, schinen, AS. sc\'c6nan; akin to D.
schijnen, OFries. sk\'c6na, OS. & OHG. sc\'c6nan, G. scheinen,
Icel.sk\'c6na, Sw. skina, Dan. skinne, Goth. skeinan, and perh. to Gr.
Sheer pure, and Shimmer.]
1. To emit rays of light; to give light; to beam with steady radiance;
to exhibit brightness or splendor; as, the sun shines by day; the moon
shines by night.
Hyperion's quickening fire doth shine. Shak.
God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined
in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of
God in the face of Jesus Cghrist. 2 Cor. iv. 6.
Let thine eyes shine forth in their full luster. Denham.
2. To be bright by reflection of light; to gleam; to be glossy; as, to
shine like polished silver.
3. To be effulgent in splendor or beauty. "So proud she shined in her
princely state." Spenser.
Once brightest shined this child of heat and air. Pope.
4. To be eminent, conspicuous, or distinguished; to exhibit brilliant
intellectual powers; as, to shine in courts; to shine in conversation.
Few are qualified to shine in company; but it in most men's power
to be agreeable. Swift.
To make, OR cause, the face to shine upon, to be propitious to; to be
gracious to. Num. vi. 25.
Shine
Shine, v. t.
1. To cause to shine, as a light. [Obs.]
He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor shine honor and virtues, upon
men equally. Bacon.
2. To make bright; to cause to shine by reflected light; as, in
hunting, to shine the eyes of a deer at night by throwing a light on
them. [U. S.] Bartlett.
Shine
Shine, n.
1. The quality or state of shining; brightness; luster, gloss; polish;
sheen.
Now sits not girt with taper's holy shine. Milton.
Fair opening to some court's propitious shine. Pope.
The distant shine of the celestial city. Hawthorne.
2. Sunshine; fair weather.
Be it fair or foul, or rain or shine. Dryden.
3. A liking for a person; a fancy. [Slang, U.S.]
4. Caper; antic; row. [Slang]
To cut up shines, to play pranks. [Slang, U.S.]
Shine
Shine (?), a. [AS. sc\'c6n. See Shine, v. i.] Shining; sheen. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Shiner
Shin"er (?), n. That which shines. Specifically: (a) A luminary. (b) A
bright piece of money. [Slang]
Has she the shiners, d' ye think? Foote.
<-- [Colloq.] A bruised eye; a black eye. --> (c) (Zo\'94l.) Any one
of numerous species of small freshwater American cyprinoid fishes,
belonging to Notropis, or Minnilus, and allied genera; as the redfin
(Notropis megalops), and the golden shiner (Notemigonus chrysoleucus)
of the Eastern United States; also loosely applied to various other
silvery fishes, as the dollar fish, or horsefish, menhaden, moonfish,
sailor's choice, and the sparada. (d) (Zo\'94l.) The common Lepisma,
or furniture bug. Blunt-nosed shiner (Zo\'94l.), the silver moonfish.
Shiness
Shi"ness (?), n. See Shyness.
Shingle
Shin"gle (?), n. [Prob. from Norw. singl, singling, coarse gravel,
small round stones.] (Geol.) Round, water-worn, and loose gravel and
pebbles, or a collection of roundish stones, such as are common on the
seashore and elsewhere.
Shingle
Shin"gle, n. [OE. shingle, shindle, fr. L. scindula, scandula; cf.
scindere to cleave, to split, E. shed, v.t., Gr.
1. A piece of wood sawed or rived thin and small, with one end thinner
than the other, -- used in covering buildings, especially roofs, the
thick ends of one row overlapping the thin ends of the row below.
I reached St. Asaph, . . . where there is a very poor cathedral
church covered with shingles or tiles. Ray.
2. A sign for an office or a shop; as, to hang out one's shingle.
[Jocose, U. S.]
Shingle oak (Bot.), a kind of oak (Quercus imbricaria) used in the
Western States for making shingles.
Shingle
Shin"gle, v. t. [imp. &. p. p. Shingled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shingling
(?).]
1. To cover with shingles; as, to shingle a roof.
They shingle their houses with it. Evelyn.
2. To cut, as hair, so that the ends are evenly exposed all over the
head, as shingles on a roof.
Shingle
Shin"gle, v. t. To subject to the process of shindling, as a mass of
iron from the pudding furnace.
Shingler
Shin"gler (?), n.
1. One who shingles.
2. A machine for shingling puddled iron.
Shingles
Shin"gles (?), n. [OF. cengle a girth, F. sangle, fr. L. cingulum a
girdle, fr. cingere to gird. Cf. Cincture, Cingle, Surcingle.] (Med.)
A kind of herpes (Herpes zoster) which spreads half way around the
body like a girdle, and is usually attended with violent neuralgic
pain.
Shingling
Shin"gling (?), n.
1. The act of covering with shingles; shingles, collectively; a
covering made of shingles.
2. (Metal) The process of expelling scori\'91 and other impurities by
hammering and squeezing, in the production of wrought iron.
Shingling hammer, a ponderous hammer moved by machinery, used in
shingling puddled iron. -- Shingling mill, a mill or forge where
puddled iron is shingled.
Shingly
Shin"gly (?), a. Abounding with shingle, or gravel.
Shinhopple
Shin"hop`ple (?), n. The hobblebush.
Shining
Shin"ing (?), a.
1. Emitting light, esp. in a continuous manner; radiant; as, shining
lamps; also, bright by the reflection of light; as, shining armor.
"Fish . . . with their fins and shining scales." Milton.
2. Splendid; illustrious; brilliant; distinguished; conspicious; as, a
shining example of charity.
3. Having the surface smooth and polished; -- said of leaves, the
surfaces of shells, etc. Syn. -- Glistening; bright; radiant;
resplendent; effulgent; lustrous; brilliant; glittering; splendid;
illustrious. -- Shining, Brilliant, Sparking. Shining describes the
steady emission of a strong light, or the steady reflection of light
from a clear or polished surface. Brilliant denotes a shining of great
brightness, but with gleams or flashes. Sparkling implies a fitful,
intense shining from radiant points or sparks, by which the eye is
dazzled. The same distinctions obtain when these epithets are
figuratively applied. A man of shining talents is made conspicious by
possessing them; if they flash upon the mind with a peculiarly
striking effect, we call them brilliant; if his brilliancy is marked
by great vivacity and occasional intensity, he is sparkling.
True paradise . . . inclosed with shining rock. Milton.
Some in a brilliant buckle bind her waist, Some round her neck a
circling light display. Gay.
His sparkling blade about his head he blest. Spenser.
Shining
Shin"ing, n. Emission or reflection of light.
Shiningness
Shin"ing*ness, n. Brightness. J. Spence.
Shinney
Shin"ney (?), n. [CF. Shindy.] The game of hockey; -- so called
because of the liability of the players to receive blows on the shin.
Halliwell. <-- shinny. Same as shin, to climb with hands and feet -->
Shinplaster
Shin"plas`ter (?), n. Formerly, a jocose term for a bank note greatly
depreciated in value; also, for paper money of a denomination less
than a dollar. [U. S.]
Shinto, Shintiism
Shin"to (?), Shin"ti*ism (?), n. [Chin. shin god + tao way, doctrine.]
One of the two great systems of religious belief in Japan. Its essence
is ancestor worship, and sacrifice to dead heroes. [Written also
Sintu, and Sintuism.]
Shintoist
Shin"to*ist (?), n. An adherent of Shintoism.
Shinty
Shin"ty (?), n. [Cf. Gael. sinteag a skip, a bound.] A Scotch game
resembling hockey; also, the club used in the game. Jamieson.
Shiny
Shin"y (?), a. [Compar. Shinier (?); superl. Shiniest.] Bright;
luminous; clear; unclouded.
Like distant thunder on a shiny day. Dryden.
-ship
-ship (?). [OE. -schipe, AS. -scipe; akin to OFries. -skipe, OLG.
-skepi, D. -schap, OHG. -scaf, G. -schaft. Cf. Shape, n., and
Landscape.] A suffix denoting state, office, dignity, profession, or
art; as in lordship, friendship, chancellorship, stewardship,
horsemanship.
Ship
Ship (?), n. [AS. scipe.] Pay; reward. [Obs.]
In withholding or abridging of the ship or the hire or the wages of
servants. Chaucer.
Ship
Ship, n. [OE. ship, schip, AS. scip; akin to OFries. skip, OS. scip,
D. schip, G. schiff, OHG. scif, Dan. skib, Sw. skeep, Icel. & Goth.
skip; of unknown origin. Cf. Equip, Skiff, Skipper.]
1. Any large seagoing vessel.
Like a stately ship . . . With all her bravery on, and tackle trim,
Sails filled, and streamers waving. Milton.
Thou, too, sail on, O Ship of State! Longfellow.
2. Specifically, a vessel furnished with a bowsprit and three masts (a
mainmast, a foremast, and a mizzenmast), each of which is composed of
a lower mast, a topmast, and a topgallant mast, and square-rigged on
all masts. See Illustation in Appendix. <-- illustration: Deck plan of
a ship -->
CAPTION: l Po rt or La rboard Side; s Starboard Side; 1 Roundhouse or
Deck House; 2 Tiller; 3 Grating; 4 Wheel; 5 Wheel Chains; 6 Binnacle;
7 Mizzenmast; 8 Skylight; 9 Capstan; 10 Mainmast; 11 Pumps; 12 Galley
or Caboose; 13 Main Hatchway; 14 Windlass; 15 Foremast; 16 Fore
Hatchway; 17 Bitts; 18 Bowsprit; 19 Head Rail; 20 Boomkins; 21
Catheads on Port Bow and Starboard Bow; 22 Fore Chains; 23 Main
Chains; 24 Mizzen Chains; 25 Stern.
<--illustration: Outline of a ship -->
CAPTION: 1 Fo re Ro yal St ay; 2 Fl ying Ji b Stay; 3 Fore Topgallant
Stay;4 Jib Stay; 5 Fore Topmast Stays; 6 Fore Tacks; 8 Flying
Martingale; 9 Martingale Stay, shackled to Dolphin Striker; 10 Jib
Guys; 11 Jumper Guys; 12 Back Ropes; 13 Robstays; 14 Flying Jib Boom;
15 Flying Jib Footropes; 16 Jib Boom; 17 Jib Foottropes; 18 Bowsprit;
19 Fore Truck; 20 Fore Royal Mast; 21 Fore Royal Lift; 22 Fore Royal
Yard; 23 Fore Royal Backstays; 24 Fore Royal Braces; 25 Fore
Topgallant Mast and Rigging; 26 Fore Topgallant Lift; 27 Fore
Topgallant Yard; 28 Fore Topgallant Backstays; 29 Fore Topgallant
Braces; 30 Fore Topmast and Rigging; 31 Fore Topsail Lift; 32 Fore
Topsail Yard; 33 Fore Topsail Footropes; 34 Fore Topsail Braces; 35
Fore Yard; 36 Fore Brace; 37 Fore Lift; 38 Fore Gaff; 39 Fore Trysail
Vangs; 40 Fore Topmast Studding-sail Boom; 41 Foremast and Rigging; 42
Fore Topmast Backstays; 43 Fore Sheets; 44 Main Truck and Pennant; 45
Main Royal Mast and Backstay; 46 Main Royal Stay; 47 Main Royal Lift;
48 Main Royal Yard; 49 Main Royal Braces; 50 Main Topgallant Mast and
Rigging; 51 Main Topgallant Lift; 52 Main Topgallant Backstays; 53
Main Topgallant Yard; 54 Main Topgallant Stay; 55 Main Topgallant
Braces; 56 Main Topmast and Rigging; 57 Topsail Lift; 58 Topsail Yard;
59 Topsail Footropes; 60 Topsail Braces; 61 Topmast Stays; 62 Main
Topgallant Studding-sail Boom; 63 Main Topmast Backstay; 64 Main Yard;
65 Main Footropes; 66 Mainmast and Rigging; 67 Main Lift; 68 Main
Braces; 69 Main Tacks; 70 Main Sheets; 71 Main Trysail Gaff; 72 Main
Trysail Vangs; 73 Main Stays; 74 Mizzen Truck; 75 Mizzen Royal Mast
and Rigging; 76 Mizzen Royal Stay; 77 Mizzen Royal Lift; 78 Mizzen
Royal Yard; 79 Mizzen Royal Braces; 80 Mizzen Topgallant Mast and
Rigging; 81 Mizzen Topgallant Lift; 82 Mizzen Topgallant Backstays; 83
Mizzen Topgallant Braces; 84 Mizzen Topgallant Yard; 85 Mizzen
Topgallant Stay; 86 Mizzen Topmast and Rigging; 87 Mizzen Topmast
Stay; 88 Mizzen Topsail Lift; 89 Mizzen Topmast Backstays; 90 Mizzen
Topsail Braces; 91 Mizzen Topsail Yard; 92 Mizzen Topsail Footropes;
93 Crossjack Yard; 94 Crossjack Footropes; 95 Crossjack Lift; 96
Crossjack Braces; 97 Mizzenmast and Rigging; 98 Mizzen Stay; 99
Spanker Gaff; 100 Peak Halyards; 101 Spanker Vangs; 102 Spanker Boom;
103 Spanker Boom Topping Lift; 104 Jacob's Ladder, or Stern Ladder;
105 Spanker Sheet; 106 Cutwater; 107 Starboard Bow; 108 Starboard
Beam; 109 Water Line; 110 Starboard Quarter; 111 Rudder.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1330
3. A dish or utensil (originally fashioned like the hull of a ship)
used to hold incense. [Obs.] Tyndale.
Armed ship, a private ship taken into the service of the government in
time of war, and armed and equipped like a ship of war. [Eng.] Brande
& C. -- General ship. See under General. -- Ship biscuit, hard biscuit
prepared for use on shipboard; -- called also ship bread. See
Hardtack. -- Ship boy, a boy who serves in a ship. "Seal up the ship
boy's eyes." Shak. -- Ship breaker, one who breaks up vessels when
unfit for further use. -- Ship broker, a mercantile agent employed in
buying and selling ships, procuring cargoes, etc., and generally in
transacting the business of a ship or ships when in port. -- Ship
canal, a canal suitable for the passage of seagoing vessels. -- Ship
carpenter, a carpenter who works at shipbuilding; a shipwright. --
Ship chandler, one who deals in cordage, canvas, and other, furniture
of vessels. -- Ship chandlery, the commodities in which a ship
chandler deals; also, the business of a ship chandler. -- Ship fever
(Med.), a form of typhus fever; -- called also putrid, jail, OR
hospital fever. -- Ship joiner, a joiner who works upon ships. -- Ship
letter, a letter conveyed by a ship not a mail packet. -- Ship money
(Eng. Hist.), an imposition formerly charged on the ports, towns,
cities, boroughs, and counties, of England, for providing and
furnishing certain ships for the king's service. The attempt made by
Charles I. to revive and enforce this tax was resisted by John
Hampden, and was one of the causes which led to the death of Charles.
It was finally abolished. -- Ship of the line. See under Line. -- Ship
pendulum, a pendulum hung amidships to show the extent of the rolling
and pitching of a vessel. -- Ship railway. (a) An inclined railway
with a cradelike car, by means of which a ship may be drawn out of
water, as for repairs. (b) A railway arranged for the transportation
of vessels overland between two water courses or harbors. -- Ship's
company, the crew of a ship or other vessel. -- Ship's days, the days
allowed a vessel for loading or unloading. -- Ship's husband. See
under Husband. -- Ship's papers (Mar. Law), papers with which a vessel
is required by law to be provided, and the production of which may be
required on certain occasions. Among these papers are the register,
passport or sea letter, charter party, bills of lading, invoice, log
book, muster roll, bill of health, etc. Bouvier. Kent. -- To make
ship, to embark in a ship or other vessel.
Ship
Ship (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shipping.]
1. To put on board of a ship, or vessel of any kind, for
transportation; to send by water.
The timber was . . . shipped in the bay of Attalia, from whence it
was by sea transported to Pelusium. Knolles.
2. By extension, in commercial usage, to commit to any conveyance for
transportation to a distance; as, to ship freight by railroad.
3. Hence, to send away; to get rid of. [Colloq.]
4. To engage or secure for service on board of a ship; as, to ship
seamen.
5. To receive on board ship; as, to ship a sea.
6. To put in its place; as, to ship the tiller or rudder.
Ship
Ship, v. i.
1. To engage to serve on board of a vessel; as, to ship on a
man-of-war.
2. To embark on a ship. Wyclif (Acts xxviii. 11)
Shipboard
Ship"board` (?), n. [Ship + board. See Board, n., 8] A ship's side;
hence, by extension, a ship; -- found chiefly in adverbial phrases;
as, on shipboard; a shipboard.
Shipbuilder
Ship"build`er (?), n. A person whose occupation is to construct ships
and other vessels; a naval architect; a shipwright.
Shipbuilding
Ship"build`ing, n. Naval architecturel the art of constructing ships
and other vessels.
Shipful
Ship"ful (?), n.; pl. Shipfuls (. As much or as many as a ship will
hold; enough to fill a ship.
Shipholder
Ship"hold`er (?), n. A shipowner.
Shipless
Ship"less, a. Destitute of ships. Gray.
Shiplet
Ship"let (?), n. A little ship. [R.] Holinshed.
Shipload
Ship"load` (?), n. The load, or cargo, of a ship.
Shipman
Ship"man (?), n.; pl. Shipmen (. A seaman, or sailor. [Obs. or Poetic]
Chaucer. R. Browning.
About midnight the shipmen deemed that they drew near to some
country. Acts xxvii. 27.
Shipman's card, the mariner's compass. [Obs.] Shak.
Shipmaster
Ship"mas`ter (?), n. The captain, master, or commander of a ship.
Jonah i. 6.
Shipmate
Ship"mate` (?), n. One who serves on board of the same ship with
another; a fellow sailor.
Shipment
Ship"ment (?), n.
1. The act or process of shipping; as, he was engaged in the shipment
of coal for London; an active shipment of wheat from the West.
2. That which is shipped.
The question is, whether the share of M. in the shipment is
exempted from condemnation by reason of his neutral domicle. Story.
Shipowner
Ship"own`er (?), n. Owner of a ship or ships.
Shippen
Ship"pen (?), n. [AS. scypen. Cf. Shop, Shepen.] A stable; a cowhouse.
[Obs. or Prov.Eng.]
Shipper
Ship"per (?), n. [See Ship, n., and cf. Skipper.] One who sends goods
from one place to another not in the same city or town, esp. one who
sends goods by water.
Shipping
Ship"ping (?), a.
1. Relating to ships, their ownership, transfer, or employment; as,
shiping concerns.
2. Relating to, or concerned in, the forwarding of goods; as, a
shipping clerk.
Shipping
Ship"ping, n.
1. The act of one who, or of that which, ships; as, the shipping of
flour to Liverpool.
2. The collective body of ships in one place, or belonging to one
port, country, etc.; vessels, generally; tonnage.
3. Navigation. "God send 'em good shipping." Shak.
Shipping articles, articles of agreement between the captain of a
vessel and the seamen on board, in respect to the amount of wages,
length of time for which they are shipping, etc. Bouvier. -- To take
shipping, to embark; to take ship. [Obs.] John vi.24. Shak.
Shippon
Ship"pon (?), n. A cowhouse; a shippen. [Prov. Eng.]
Bessy would either do fieldwork, or attend to the cows, the
shippon, or churn, or make cheese. Dickens.
Ship-rigged
Ship"-rigged` (?), a. (Naut.) Rigged like a ship, that is, having
three masts, each with square sails.
Shipshape
Ship"shape` (?), a. Arranged in a manner befitting a ship; hence,
trim; tidy; orderly.
Even then she expressed her scorn for the lubbery executioner's
mode of tying a knot, and did it herself in a shipshape orthodox
manner. De Quincey.
Keep everything shipshape, for I must go Tennyson.
Shipshape
Ship"shape` (?), adv. In a shipshape or seamanlike manner.
Shipworm
Ship"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any long, slender, worm-shaped bivalve
mollusk of Teredo and allied genera. The shipworms burrow in wood, and
are destructive to wooden ships, piles of wharves, etc. See Teredo.
Shipwreck
Ship"wreck` (?), n.
1. The breaking in pieces, or shattering, of a ship or other vessel by
being cast ashore or driven against rocks, shoals, etc., by the
violence of the winds and waves.
2. A ship wrecked or destroyed upon the water, or the parts of such a
ship; wreckage. Dryden.
3. Fig.: Destruction; ruin; irretrievable loss.
Holding faith and a good conscience, which some having put away
concerning faith have made shipwreck. 1 Tim. 1. 19.
It was upon an Indian bill that the late ministry had made
shipwreck. J. Morley.
Shipwreck
Ship"wreck`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shipwrecked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shipwrecking.]
1. To destroy, as a ship at sea, by running ashore or on rocks or
sandbanks, or by the force of wind and waves in a tempest.
Shipwrecking storms and direful thunders break. Shak.
2. To cause to experience shipwreck, as sailors or passengers. Hence,
to cause to suffer some disaster or loss; to destroy or ruin, as if by
shipwreck; to wreck; as, to shipwreck a business. Addison.
Shipwright
Ship"wright` (?), n. One whose occupation is to construct ships; a
builder of ships or other vessels.
Shipyard
Ship"yard` (?), n. A yard, place, or inclosure where ships are built
or repaired.
Shiraz
Shi*raz" (?), n. A kind of Persian wine; -- so called from the place
whence it is brought.
Shire
Shire (?), n. [AS. sc\'c6re, sc\'c6r, a division, province, county.
Cf. Sheriff.]
1. A portion of Great Britain originally under the supervision of an
earl; a territorial division, usually identical with a county, but
sometimes limited to a smaller district; as, Wiltshire, Yorkshire,
Richmondshire, Hallamshire.
An indefinite number of these hundreds make up a county or shire.
Blackstone.
2. A division of a State, embracing several contiguous townships; a
county. [U. S.]
NOTE: &hand; Shire is commonly added to the specific designation of
a county as a part of its name; as, Yorkshire instead of York
shire, or the shire of York; Berkshire instead of Berks shire. Such
expressions as the county of Yorkshire, which in a strict sense are
tautological, are used in England. In the United States the
composite word is sometimes the only name of a county; as,
Berkshire county, as it is called in Massachusetts, instead of
Berks county, as in Pensylvania.
The Tyne, Tees, Humber, Wash, Yare, Stour, and Thames separate the
counties of Northumberland, Durham, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, etc.
Encyc. Brit.
Knight of the shire. See under Knight. -- Shire clerk, an officer of a
county court; also, an under sheriff. [Eng.] -- Shire mote (Old. Eng.
Law), the county court; sheriff's turn, or court. [Obs.] Cowell.
Blackstone. -- Shire reeve (Old Eng. Law), the reeve, or bailiff, of a
shire; a sheriff. Burrill. -- Shire town, the capital town of a
county; a county town. -- Shire wick, a county; a shire. [Obs.]
Holland.
Shirk
Shirk (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shirked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shirking.]
[Probably the same word as shark. See Shark, v. t.]
1. To procure by petty fraud and trickery; to obtain by mean
solicitation.
You that never heard the call of any vocation, . . . that shirk
living from others, but time from Yourselves. Bp. Rainbow.
2. To avoid; to escape; to neglect; -- implying unfaithfulness or
fraud; as, to shirk duty.
The usual makeshift by which they try to shirk difficulties. Hare.
Shirk
Shirk, v. i.
1. To live by shifts and fraud; to shark.
2. To evade an obligation; to avoid the performance of duty, as by
running away.
One of the cities shirked from the league. Byron.
Shirk
Shirk, n. One who lives by shifts and tricks; one who avoids the
performance of duty or labor.
Shirker
Shirk"er (?), n. One who shirks. Macaulay.
Shirky
Shirk"y (?), a. Disposed to shirk. [Colloq.]
Shirl
Shirl (?), a. Shrill. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Shirl
Shirl, n. (Min.) See Schorl.
Shirley
Shir"ley (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The bullfinch.
Shirr
Shirr (?), n. (Sewing) A series of close parallel runnings which are
drawn up so as to make the material between them set full by
gatherings; -- called also shirring, and gauging.
Shirred
Shirred (?), a.
1. (Sewing) Made or gathered into a shirr; as, a shirred bonnet.
2. (Cookery) Broken into an earthen dish and baked over the fire; --
said of eggs.
Shirt
Shirt (?), n. [OE. schirte, sherte, schurte; akin to Icel. skyrta,
Dan. skiorte, Sw. skjorta, Dan. ski\'94rt a petticoat, D. schort a
petticoat, an argon, G. schurz, sch\'81rze, an argon; all probably
from the root of E. short, as being originally a short garment. See
Short, and cf. Skirt.] A loose under-garment for the upper part of the
body, made of cotton, linen, or other material; -- formerly used of
the under-garment of either sex, now commonly restricted to that worn
by men and boys.
Several persons in December had nothing over their shoulders but
their shirts. Addison.
She had her shirts and girdles of hair. Bp. Fisher.
Shirt
Shirt, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Shirted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shirting.] To
cover or clothe with a shirt, or as with a shirt. Dryden.
Shirting
Shirt"ing, n. Cloth, specifically cotton cloth, suitable for making
shirts.
Shirtless
Shirt"less, a. Not having or wearing a shirt. Pope. --
Shirt"less*ness, n.
Shist, Shistose
Shist (?), Shis*tose" (?). See Shist, Schistose.
Shittah, Shittah tree
Shit"tah (?), Shit"tah tree`, n. [Heb. shitt\'beh, pl. shitt\'c6m.] A
tree that furnished the precious wood of which the ark, tables,
altars, boards, etc., of the Jewish tabernacle were made; -- now
believed to have been the wood of the Acacia Seyal, which is hard,
fine grained, and yellowish brown in color.
Shittim, Shittim wood
Shit"tim (?), Shit"tim wood`, n. The wood of the shittah tree.
Shittle
Shit"tle (?), n. [See Shuttle.] A shuttle. [Obs.] Chapman.
Shittle
Shit"tle, a. Wavering; unsettled; inconstant. [Obs.] Holland.
Shittlecock
Shit"tle*cock` (?), n. A shuttlecock. [Obs.]
Shittleness
Shit"tle*ness, n. Instability; inconstancy. [Obs.]
The vain shittlenesse of an unconstant head. Baret.
Shive
Shive (?), n. [See Sheave, n.]
1. A slice; as, a shive of bread. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Shak.
2. A thin piece or fragment; specifically, one of the scales or pieces
of the woody part of flax removed by the operation of breaking.
3. A thin, flat cork used for stopping a wide-mouthed bottle; also, a
thin wooden bung for casks.
Shiver
Shiv"er (?), n. [OE. schivere, fr. shive; cf. G. schifer a splinter,
slate, OHG. scivere a splinter, Dan. & Sw. skifer a slate. See Shive,
and cf. Skever.]
1. One of the small pieces, or splinters, into which a brittle thing
is broken by sudden violence; -- generally used in the plural. "All to
shivers dashed." Milton.
2. A thin slice; a shive. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "A shiver of their own
loaf." Fuller.
Of your soft bread, not but a shiver. Chaucer.
3. (Geol.) A variety of blue slate.
4. (Naut.) A sheave or small wheel in a pulley.
5. A small wedge, as for fastening the bolt of a window shutter.
6. A spindle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Shiver
Shiv"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shivered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shivering.]
[OE. schiveren, scheveren; cf. OD. scheveren. See Shiver a fragment.]
To break into many small pieces, or splinters; to shatter; to dash to
pieces by a blow; as, to shiver a glass goblet.
All the ground With shivered armor strown. Milton.
Shiver
Shiv"er, v. i. To separate suddenly into many small pieces or parts;
to be shattered.
There shiver shafts upon shields thick. Chaucer
The natural world, should gravity once cease, . . . would instantly
shiver into millions of atoms. Woodward.
Shiver
Shiv"er, v. i. [OE. chiveren, cheveren; of uncertain origin. This word
seems to have been confused with shiver to shatter.] To tremble; to
vibrate; to quiver; to shake, as from cold or fear.
Prometheus is laid On icy Caucasus to shiver. Swift.
The man that shivered on the brink of sin, Thus steeled and
hardened, ventures boldly in. Creech.
Shiver
Shiv"er, v. t. (Naut.) To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by
steering close to the wind.
Shiver
Shiv"er, n. The act of shivering or trembling.
Shiveringly
Shiv"er*ing*ly, adv. In a shivering manner.
Shiver-spar
Shiv"er-spar` (?), n. [Cf. G. schiefer-spath.] (Min.) A variety of
calcite, so called from its slaty structure; -- called also slate
spar.
Shivery
Shiv"er*y (?), a.
1. Tremulous; shivering. Mallet.
2. Easily broken; brittle; shattery.
Shoad
Shoad (?), n. [Cf. G. schutt rubbish.] (Mining) A train of vein
material mixed with rubbish; fragments of ore which have become
separated by the action of water or the weather, and serve to direct
in the discovery of mines. [Written also shode.]
Shoading
Shoad"ing, n. (Mining) The tracing of veins of metal by shoads.
[Written also shoding.] Pryce.
Shoal
Shoal (?), n. [AS. scolu, sceolu, a company, multitude, crowd, akin to
OS. skola; probably originally, a division, and akin to Icel. skilja
to part, divide. See Skill, and cf. School. of fishes.] A great
multitude assembled; a crowd; a throng; -- said especially of fish;
as, a shoal of bass. "Great shoals of people." Bacon.
Beneath, a shoal of silver fishes glides. Waller.
Shoal
Shoal, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shoaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shoaling.] To
assemble in a multitude; to throng; as, the fishes shoaled about the
place. Chapman.
Shoal
Shoal, a. [Cf. Shallow; or cf. G. scholle a clod, glebe, OHG. scollo,
scolla, prob. akin to E. shoal a multitude.] Having little depth;
shallow; as, shoal water.
Shoal
Shoal, n.
1. A place where the water of a sea, lake, river, pond, etc., is
shallow; a shallow.
The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the sides some
shoals for the fish to lay their span. Mortimer.
Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory, And sounded all the
depths and shoals of honor. Shak.
2. A sandbank or bar which makes the water shoal.
The god himself with ready trident stands, And opes the deep, and
spreads the moving sands, Then heaves them off the shoals. Dryden.
Shoal
Shoal, v. i. To become shallow; as, the color of the water shows where
it shoals.
Shoal
Shoal, v. t. To cause to become more shallow; to come to a more
shallow part of; as, a ship shoals her water by advancing into that
which is less deep. Marryat.
Shoaliness
Shoal"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being shoaly; little
depth of water; shallowness.
Shoaling
Shoal"ing, a. Becoming shallow gradually. "A shoaling estuary." Lyell.
Shoaly
Shoal"y (?), a. Full of shoals, or shallow places.
The tossing vessel sailed on shoaly ground. Dryden.
Shoar
Shoar (sh&omac;r), n. A prop. See 3d Shore.
Shoat
Shoat (sh&omac;t), n. A young hog. Same as Shote.
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Page 1331
Shock
Shock (?), n. [OE. schokke; cf. OD schocke, G. schock a heap,
quantity, threescore, MHG. schoc, Sw. skok, and also G. hocke a heap
of hay, Lith. kugis.]
1. A pile or assemblage of sheaves of grain, as wheat, rye, or the
like, set up in a field, the sheaves varying in number from twelve to
sixteen; a stook.
And cause it on shocks to be by and by set. Tusser.
Behind the master walks, builds up the shocks. Thomson.
2. [G. schock.] (Com.) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; -- a term
applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.
Shock
Shock, v. t. To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook;
as, to shock rye.
Shock
Shock, v. i. To be occupied with making shocks.
Reap well, scatter not, gather clean that is shorn, Bind fast,
shock apace. Tusser.
Shock
Shock, n. [Cf. D. schok a bounce, jolt, or leap, OHG. scoc a swing,
MHG. schoc, Icel. skykkjun tremuously, F. choc a shock, collision, a
dashing or striking against, Sp. choque, It. ciocco a log. &root;161.
Cf. Shock to shake.]
1. A quivering or shaking which is the effect of a blow, collision, or
violent impulse; a blow, impact, or collision; a concussion; a sudden
violent impulse or onset.
These strong, unshaken mounds resist the shocks Of tides and seas
tempestuous. Blackmore.
He stood the shock of a whole host of foes. Addison.
2. A sudden agitation of the mind or feelings; a sensation of pleasure
or pain caused by something unexpected or overpowering; also, a sudden
agitating or overpowering event. "A shock of pleasure." Talfourd.
3. (Med.) A sudden depression of the vital forces of the entire body,
or of a port of it, marking some profound impression produced upon the
nervous system, as by severe injury, overpowering emotion, or the
like.
4. (Elec.) The sudden convulsion or contraction of the muscles, with
the feeling of a concussion, caused by the discharge, through the
animal system, of electricity from a charged body. Syn. -- Concussion,
Shock. Both words signify a sudden violent shaking caused by impact or
colision; but concussion is restricted in use to matter, while shock
is used also of mental states.
Shock
Shock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shocked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shocking.]
[OE. schokken; cf. D. schokken, F. choquer, Sp. chocar. &root;161. Cf.
Chuck to strike, Jog, Shake, Shock a striking, Shog, n. & v.]
1. To give a shock to; to cause to shake or waver; hence, to strike
against suddenly; to encounter with violence.
Come the three corners of the world in arms, And we shall shock
them. Shak.
A shall never forget the force with which he shocked De Vipont. Sir
W. Scott.
2. To strike with surprise, terror, horror, or disgust; to cause to
recoil; as, his violence shocked his associates.
Advise him not to shock a father's will. Dryden.
Shock
Shock, v. i. To meet with a shock; to meet in violent encounter. "They
saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together." De
Quincey.
Shock
Shock, n. [Cf. Shag.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A dog with long hair or shag; -- called also shockdog.
2. A thick mass of bushy hair; as, a head covered with a shock of
sandy hair.
Shock
Shock, a. Bushy; shaggy; as, a shock hair.
His red shock peruke . . . was laid aside. Sir W. Scott.
Shockdog
Shock"dog` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See 7th Shock, 1.
Shock-head
Shock"-head` (?), a. Shock-headed. Tennyson.
Shock-headed
Shock"-head`ed, a. Having a thick and bushy head of hair.
Shocking
Shock"ing, a. Causing to shake or tremble, as by a blow; especially,
causing to recoil with horror or disgust; extremely offensive or
disgusting.
The grossest and most shocking villainies. Secker.
-- Shock"ing*ly, adv. -- Shock"ing*ness, n. <-- Shock troops, a highly
trained or seasoned group within an army used to spearhead a strong
offensive action. -->
Shod
Shod (?), imp. & p. p. f Shoe.
Shoddy
Shod"dy (?), n. [Perhaps fr. Shed, v. t.; as meaning originally, waste
stuff shedor thrown off.]
1. A fibrous material obtained by "deviling," or tearing into fibers,
refuse woolen goods, old stockings, rags, druggets, etc. See Mungo.
2. A fabric of inferior quality made of, or containing a large amount
of, shoddy.
NOTE: &hand; Th e gr eat quantity of shoddy goods furnished as army
supplies in the late Civil War in the United States gave wide
currency to the word, and it came to be applied to persons who
pretend to a higher position in society than that to which their
breeding or worth entitles them.
Shoddy
Shod"dy, a. Made wholly or in part of shoddy; containing shoddy; as,
shoddy cloth; shoddy blankets; hence, colloquially, not genuine; sham;
pretentious; as, shoddy aristocracy.
Shoddy inventions designed to bolster up a factitious pride.
Compton Reade.
Shoddyism
Shod"dy*ism (?), n. The quality or state of being shoddy. [Colloq.]
See the Note under Shoddy, n.
Shode
Shode (?), n. [AS. sc\'bede, fr. sce\'a0dan. See Shed, v. t.]
1. The parting of the hair on the head. [Obs.]
Full straight and even lay his jolly shode. Chaucer.
2. The top of the head; the head. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Shode, Shoding
Shode, Shod"ing. See Shoad, Shoading.
Shoder
Sho"der (?), n. A package of gold beater's skins in which gold is
subjected to the second process of beating.
Shoe
Shoe (?), n.; pl. Shoes (#), formerly Shoon (#), now provincial. [OE.
sho, scho, AS. sc, sce\'a2h; akin to OFries. sk, OS. sk, D. schoe,
schoen, G. schuh, OHG. scuoh, Icel. sk, Dan. & Sw. sko, Goth. sk; of
unknown origin.]
1. A covering for the human foot, usually made of leather, having a
thick and somewhat stiff sole and a lighter top. It differs from a
boot on not extending so far up the leg.
Your hose should be ungartered, . . . yourshoe untied. Shak.
Spare none but such as go in clouted shoon. Shak.
2. Anything resembling a shoe in form, position, or use. Specifically:
(a) A plate or rim of iron nailed to the hoof of an animal to defend
it from injury. (b) A band of iron or steel, or a ship of wood,
fastened to the bottom of the runner of a sleigh, or any vehicle which
slides on the snow. (c) A drag, or sliding piece of wood or iron,
placed under the wheel of a loaded vehicle, to retard its motion in
going down a hill. (d) The part of a railroad car brake which presses
upon the wheel to retard its motion. (e) (Arch.) A trough-shaped or
spout-shaped member, put at the bottom of the water leader coming from
the eaves gutter, so as to throw the water off from the building. (f)
(Milling.) The trough or spout for conveying the grain from the hopper
to the eye of the millstone. (g) An inclined trough in an ore-crushing
mill. (h) An iron socket or plate to take the thrust of a strut or
rafter. (i) An iron socket to protect the point of a wooden pile. (j)
(Mach.) A plate, or notched piece, interposed between a moving part
and the stationary part on which it bears, to take the wear and afford
means of adjustment; -- called also slipper, and gib.
NOTE: &hand; Shoe is often used adjectively, or in composition; as,
shoe buckle, or shoe-buckle; shoe latchet, or shoe-latchet; shoe
leathet, or shoe-leather; shoe string, shoe-string, or shoestring.
Shoe of an anchor. (Naut.) (a) A small block of wood, convex on the
back, with a hole to receive the point of the anchor fluke, -- used to
prevent the anchor from tearing the planks of the vessel when raised
or lowered. (b) A broad, triangular piece of plank placed upon the
fluke to give it a better hold in soft ground. -- Shoe block (Naut.),
a block with two sheaves, one above the other, and at right angles to
each other. -- Shoe bolt, a bolt with a flaring head, for fastening
shoes on sleigh runners. -- Shoe pac, a kind of moccasin. See Pac. --
Shoe stone, a sharpening stone used by shoemakers and other workers in
leather. <-- brake shoe. the movable portion of a drum brake on a
vehicle which is pressed against the rotating drum to slow or stop the
vehicle by the friction of the brakeshoe against the drum. -->
Shoe
Shoe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shod; p. pr. & vb. n. Shoeing.] [AS. sc,
sce. See Shoe, n.]
1. To furnish with a shoe or shoes; to put a shoe or shoes on; as, to
shoe a horse, a sled, an anchor.
2. To protect or ornament with something which serves the purpose of a
shoe; to tip.
The sharp and small end of the billiard stick, which is shod with
brass or silver. Evelyn.
Shoebill
Shoe"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large African wading bird
(Bal\'91niceps rex) allied to the storks and herons, and remarkable
for its enormous broad swollen bill. It inhabits the valley of the
White Nile. See Illust. (l.) of Beak.
Shoeblack
Shoe"black` (?), n. One who polishes shoes.<-- = bootblack -->
Shoehorn, Shoeing-horn
Shoe"horn`, Shoe"ing-horn` (?), n.
1. A curved piece of polished horn, wood, or metal used to facilitate
the entrance of the foot into a shoe.
2. Figuratively: (a) Anything by which a transaction is facilitated; a
medium; -- by way of contempt. Spectator. (b) Anything which draws on
or allures; an inducement. [Low] Beau & Fl. <-- verb shoehorn =
squeeze into a tight-fitting place, as with a shoehorn. Also fig. -->
Shoeless
Shoe"less, a. Destitute of shoes. Addison.
Shoemaker
Shoe"mak`er (?), n.
1. One whose occupation it is to make shoes and boots.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The threadfish. (b) The runner, 12.
Shoemaking
Shoe"mak`ing, n. The business of a shoemaker.
Shoer
Sho"er (?), n. One who fits shoes to the feet; one who furnishes or
puts on shoes; as, a shoer of horses.
Shog
Shog (?), n. [See Shock a striking.] A shock; a jog; a violent
concussion or impulse. [R. or Scot.]
Shog
Shog, v. t. To shake; to shock. [R. or Scot.]
Shog
Shog, v. i. [Cf. W. ysgogi to wag, to stir. Cf. Jog.] To jog; to move
on. [R. or Scot.] Beau & Fl.
Shoggle
Shog"gle (?), v. t. [See Shog, Joggle.] To joggle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.
& Scot.] Pegge.
Shogun
Sho"gun (?), n. [Chin. tsiang ki\'9an commander in chief.] A title
originally conferred by the Mikado on the military governor of the
eastern provinces of Japan. By gradual usurpation of power the Shoguns
(known to foreigners as Tycoons) became finally the virtual rulers of
Japan. The title was abolished in 1867. [Written variously, Shiogun,
Shiogoon, etc.] <-- Jap. Shogun = military general -->
Shogunate
Sho*gun"ate (?), n. The office or dignity of a Shogun. [Written also
Siogoonate.]
Shola
Sho"la (?), n. (Bot.) See Sola.
Shole
Shole (?), n. A plank fixed beneath an object, as beneath the rudder
of a vessel, to protect it from injury; a plank on the ground under
the end of a shore or the like.
Shole
Shole, n. See Shoal. [Obs.]
Shonde
Shonde (?), n. [AS. sceond. Cf. Shend.] Harm; disgrace; shame. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Shone
Shone (?), imp. & p. p. of Shine.
Shoo
Shoo (?), interj. [Cf. G. scheuchen to scare, drive away.] Begone;
away; -- an expression used in frightening away animals, especially
fowls.
Shooi
Sho"oi, n. (Zo\'94l.) The Richardson's skua (Stercorarius
parasiticus);- so called from its cry. [Prov. Eng.]
Shook
Shook (?), imp. & obs. or poet. p. p. of Shake.
Shook
Shook, n. [Cf. Shock a bundle of sheaves.] (Com.) (a) A set of staves
and headings sufficient in number for one hogshead, cask, barrel, or
the like, trimmed, and bound together in compact form. (b) A set of
boards for a sugar box. (c) The parts of a piece of house furniture,
as a bedstead, packed together.
Shook
Shook, v. t. To pack, as staves, in a shook.
Shoon
Shoon (?), n., pl. of Shoe. [Archaic] Chaucer.
They shook the snow from hats and shoon. Emerson.
Shoop
Shoop (?), obs. imp. of Shape. Shaped. Chaucer.
Shoot
Shoot (?), n. [F. chute. See Chute. Confused with shoot to let fly.]
An inclined plane, either artificial or natural, down which timber,
coal, etc., are caused to slide; also, a narrow passage, either
natural or artificial, in a stream, where the water rushes rapidly;
esp., a channel, having a swift current, connecting the ends of a bend
in the stream, so as to shorten the course. [Written also chute, and
shute.] [U. S.] To take a shoot, to pass through a shoot instead of
the main channel; to take the most direct course. [U.S.]
Shoot
Shoot (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shot (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shooting. The
old participle Shotten is obsolete. See Shotten.] [OE. shotien,
schotien, AS. scotian, v. i., sce\'a2tan; akin to D. schieten, G.
schie, OHG. sciozan, Icel. skj, Sw. skjuta, Dan. skyde; cf. Skr. skund
to jump. &root;159. Cf. Scot a contribution, Scout to reject, Scud,
Scuttle, v. i., Shot, Sheet, Shut, Shuttle, Skittish, Skittles.]
1. To let fly, or cause to be driven, with force, as an arrow or a
bullet; -- followed by a word denoting the missile, as an object.
If you please To shoot an arrow that self way. Shak.
2. To discharge, causing a missile to be driven forth; -- followed by
a word denoting the weapon or instrument, as an object; -- often with
off; as, to shoot a gun.
The two ends od a bow, shot off, fly from one another. Boyle.
3. To strike with anything shot; to hit with a missile; often, to kill
or wound with a firearm; -- followed by a word denoting the person or
thing hit, as an object.
When Roger shot the hawk hovering over his master's dove house. A.
Tucker.
4. To send out or forth, especially with a rapid or sudden motion; to
cast with the hand; to hurl; to discharge; to emit.
An honest weaver as ever shot shuttle. Beau & Fl.
A pit into which the dead carts had nightly shot corpses by scores.
Macaulay.
5. To push or thrust forward; to project; to protrude; -- often with
out; as, a plant shoots out a bud.
They shoot out the lip, they shake the head. Ps. xxii. 7.
Beware the secret snake that shoots a sting. Dryden.
6. (Carp.) To plane straight; to fit by planing.
Two pieces of wood that are shot, that is, planed or else pared
with a paring chisel. Moxon.
7. To pass rapidly through, over, or under; as, to shoot a rapid or a
bridge; to shoot a sand bar.
She . . . shoots the Stygian sound. Dryden.
8. To variegate as if by sprinkling or intermingling; to color in
spots or patches.
The tangled water courses slept, Shot over with purple, and green,
and yellow. Tennyson.
To be shot of, to be discharged, cleared, or rid of. [Colloq.] "Are
you not glad to be shot of him?" Sir W. Scott.
Shoot
Shoot, v. i.
1. To cause an engine or weapon to discharge a missile; -- said of a
person or an agent; as, they shot at a target; he shoots better than
he rides.
The archers have . . . shot at him. Gen. xlix. 23.
2. To discharge a missile; -- said of an engine or instrument; as, the
gun shoots well.
3. To be shot or propelled forcibly; -- said of a missile; to be
emitted or driven; to move or extend swiftly, as if propelled; as, a
shooting star.
There shot a streaming lamp along the sky. Dryden.
4. To penetrate, as a missile; to dart with a piercing sensation; as,
shooting pains.
Thy words shoot through my heart. Addison.
5. To feel a quick, darting pain; to throb in pain.
These preachers make His head to shoot and ache. Herbert.
6. To germinate; to bud; to sprout.
Onions, as they hang, will shoot forth. Bacon.
But the wild olive shoots, and shades the ungrateful plain. Dryden.
7. To grow; to advance; as, to shoot up rapidly.
Well shot in years he seemed. Spenser.
Delightful task! to rear the tender thought, To teach the young
idea how to shoot. Thomson.
8. To change form suddenly; especially, to solidify.
If the menstruum be overcharged, metals will shoot into crystals.
Bacon.
9. To protrude; to jut; to project; to extend; as, the land shoots
into a promontory.
There shot up against the dark sky, tall, gaunt, straggling houses.
Dickens.
10. (Naut.) To move ahead by force of momentum, as a sailing vessel
when the helm is put hard alee.
To shoot ahead, to pass or move quickly forward; to outstrip others.
Shoot
Shoot, n.
1. The act of shooting; the discharge of a missile; a shot; as, the
shoot of a shuttle.
The Turkish bow giveth a very forcible shoot. Bacon.
One underneath his horse to get a shoot doth stalk. Drayton.
2. A young branch or growth.
Superfluous branches and shoots of this second spring. Evelyn.
3. A rush of water; a rapid.
4. (Min.) A vein of ore running in the same general direction as the
lode. Knight.
5. (Weaving) A weft thread shot through the shed by the shuttle; a
pick.
6. [Perh. a different word.] A shoat; a young hog.
Shooter
Shoot"er (?), n.
1. One who shoots, as an archer or a gunner.
2. That which shoots. Specifically: (a) A firearm; as, a five-shooter.
[Colloq. U.S.] (b) A shooting star. [R.]
Shooting
Shoot"ing, n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, shoots; as, the shooting of an
archery club; the shooting of rays of light.
2. A wounding or killing with a firearm; specifically (Sporting), the
killing of game; as, a week of shooting.
3. A sensation of darting pain; as, a shooting in one's head.
Shooting
Shoot"ing, a. Of or pertaining to shooting; for shooting; darting.
Shooting board (Joinery), a fixture used in planing or shooting the
edge of a board, by means of which the plane is guided and the board
held true. -- Shooting box, a small house in the country for use in
the shooting season. Prof. Wilson. -- Shooting gallery, a range,
usually covered, with targets for practice with firearms.<-- [Slang] a
place, often a building or neighborhood, where addicts "shoot up"
drugs. --> -- Shooting iron, a firearm. [Slang, U.S.] -- Shooting
star. (a) (Astron.) A starlike, luminous meteor, that, appearing
suddenly, darts quickly across some portion of the sky, and then as
suddenly disappears, leaving sometimes, for a few seconds, a luminous
train, -- called also falling star. Shooting stars are small cosmical
bodies which encounter the earth in its annual revolution, and which
become visible by coming with planetary velocity into the upper
regions of the atmosphere. At certain periods, as on the 13th of
November and 10th of August, they appear for a few hours in great
numbers, apparently diverging from some point in the heavens, such
displays being known as meteoric showers, or star showers. These
bodies, before encountering the earth, were moving in orbits closely
allied to the orbits of comets. See Leonids, Perseids. (b) (Bot.) The
American cowslip (Dodecatheon Meadia). See under Cowslip. -- Shooting
stick (Print.), a tapering piece of wood or iron, used by printers to
drive up the quoins in the chase. Hansard.
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Page 1332
Shooty
Shoot"y (?), a. Sprouting or coming up freely and regularly. [Prev.
Eng.] Grose.
Shop
Shop (?), obs. imp. of Shape. Shaped. Chaucer.
Shop
Shop, n. [OE. shoppe, schoppe, AS. sceoppa a treasury, a storehouse,
stall, booth; akin to scypen a shed, LG. schup a shed, G. schoppen,
schuppen, a shed, a coachhouse, OHG. scopf.]
1. A building or an apartment in which goods, wares, drugs, etc., are
sold by retail.
From shop to shop Wandering, and littering with unfolded silks The
polished counter. Cowper.
2. A building in which mechanics or artisans work; as, a shoe shop; a
car shop.
A tailor called me in his shop. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sh op is often used adjectively or in composition; as,
shop rent, or shop-rent; shop thief, or shop-thief; shop window, or
shop-window, etc.
To smell of the shop, to indicate too distinctively one's occupation
or profession. -- To talk shop, to make one's business the topic of
social conversation; also, to use the phrases peculiar to one's
employment. [Colloq.] Syn. -- Store; warehouse. See Store.
Shop
Shop, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shopping.] To
visit shops for the purpose of purchasing goods.
He was engaged with his mother and some ladies to go shopping.
Byron.
Shopboard
Shop"board` (?), n. A bench or board on which work is performed; a
workbench. South.
Shopbook
Shop"book` (?), n. A book in which a tradesman keeps his accounts.
Locke.
Shopboy
Shop"boy` (?), n. A boy employed in a shop.
Shopen
Sho"pen (?), obs. p. p. of Shape. Chaucer.
Shopgirl
Shop"girl` (?), n. A girl employed in a shop.
Shopkeeper
Shop"keep`er (?), n. A trader who sells goods in a shop, or by retail;
-- in distinction from one who sells by wholesale. Addison.
Shoplifter
Shop"lift`er (?), n. [Shop + lift. See Lift to steal.] One who steals
anything in a shop, or takes goods privately from a shop; one who,
under pretense of buying goods, takes occasion to steal.
Shoplifting
Shop"lift`ing, n. Larceny committed in a shop; the stealing of
anything from a shop.
Shoplike
Shop"like`, a. Suiting a shop; vulgar. B. Jonson.
Shopmaid
Shop"maid` (?), n. A shopgirl.
Shopman
Shop"man (?), n.; pl. Shopmen (.
1. A shopkeeper; a retailer. Dryden.
2. One who serves in a shop; a salesman.
3. One who works in a shop or a factory.
Shopper
Shop"per (?), n. One who shops.
Shoppish
Shop"pish (?), a. Having the appearance or qualities of a shopkeeper,
or shopman.
Shoppy
Shop"py (?), a.
1. Abounding with shops. [Colloq.]
2. Of or pertaining to shops, or one's own shop or business; as,
shoppy talk. [Colloq.] Mrs. Gaskell.
Shopshift
Shop"shift` (?), n. The trick of a shopkeeper; deception. [Obs.] B.
Jonson.
Shopwalker
Shop"walk`er (?), n. One who walks about in a shop as an overseer and
director. Cf. Floorwalker.
Shopwoman
Shop"wom`an (?), n.; pl. Shopwomen (. A woman employed in a shop.
Shopworn
Shop"worn` (?), a. Somewhat worn or damaged by having been kept for a
time in a shop.
Shorage
Shor"age (?), n. Duty paid for goods brought on shore. Grabb.
Shore
Shore (?), imp. of Shear. Chaucer.
Shore
Shore, n. A sewer. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Shore
Shore, n. [OE. schore; akin to LG. schore, D. schoor, OD. schoore,
Icel. skor, and perhaps to E. shear, as being a piece cut off.] A
prop, as a timber, placed as a brace or support against the side of a
building or other structure; a prop placed beneath anything, as a
beam, to prevent it from sinking or sagging. [Written also shoar.]
Shore
Shore, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shoring.] [OE.
schoren. See Shore a prop.] To support by a shore or shores; to prop;
-- usually with up; as, to shore up a building.
Shore
Shore, n. [OE. schore, AS. score, probably fr. scieran, and so meaning
properly, that which is shorn off, edge; akin to OD. schoore, schoor.
See Shear, v. t.] The coast or land adjacent to a large body of water,
as an ocean, lake, or large river.
Michael Cassio, Lieutenant to the warlike Moor Othello, Is come
shore. Shak.
The fruitful shore of muddy Nile. Spenser.
In shore, near the shore. Marryat. -- On shore. See under On. -- Shore
birds (Zo\'94l.), a collective name for the various limicoline birds
found on the seashore. -- Shore crab (Zo\'94l.), any crab found on the
beaches, or between tides, especially any one of various species of
grapsoid crabs, as Heterograpsus nudus of California. -- Shore lark
(Zo\'94l.), a small American lark (Otocoris alpestris) found in
winter, both on the seacoast and on the Western plains. Its upper
parts are varied with dark brown and light brown. It has a yellow
throat, yellow local streaks, a black crescent on its breast, a black
streak below each eye, and two small black erectile ear tufts. Called
also horned lark. -- Shore plover (Zo\'94l.), a large-billed
Australian plover (Esacus magnirostris). It lives on the seashore, and
feeds on crustaceans, etc. -- Shore teetan (Zo\'94l.), the rock pipit
(Anthus obscurus). [Prov. Eng.]
Shore
Shore (?), v. t. To set on shore. [Obs.] Shak.
Shoreless
Shore"less, a. Having no shore or coast; of indefinite or unlimited
extent; as, a shoreless ocean. Young.
Shoreling
Shore"ling (?), n. See Shorling.
Shorer
Shor"er (?), n. One who, or that which, shores or props; a prop; a
shore.
Shoreward
Shore"ward (?), adv. Toward the shore.
Shoring
Shor"ing, n.
1. The act of supporting or strengthening with a prop or shore.
2. A system of props; props, collectively.
Shorl, n., Shorlaceous
Shorl (?), n., Shor*la"ceous (,a. (Min.) See Schorl, Schorlaceous.
Shorling
Shor"ling (?), n.
1. The skin of a sheen after the fleece is shorn off, as distinct from
the morling, or skin taken from the dead sheep; also, a sheep of the
first year's shearing. [Prov. Eng.]
2. A person who is shorn; a shaveling; hence, in contempt, a priest.
[Obs.] Halliwell.
Shorn
Shorn (, p. p. of Shear.
Short
Short (?), a. [Compar. Shorter (?); superl. Shortest.] [OE. short,
schort, AS. scort, sceort; akin to OHG. scurz, Icel. skorta to be
short of, to lack, and perhaps to E. shear, v. t. Cf. Shirt.]
1. Not long; having brief length or linear extension; as, a short
distance; a short piece of timber; a short flight.
The bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it. Isa.
xxviii. 20.
2. Not extended in time; having very limited duration; not protracted;
as, short breath.
The life so short, the craft so long to learn. Chaucer.
To short absense I could yield. Milton.
3. Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty; as, a short
supply of provisions, or of water.
4. Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied; scantily furnished;
lacking; not coming up to a resonable, or the ordinary, standard; --
usually with of; as, to be short of money.
We shall be short in our provision. Shak.
5. Deficient; defective; imperfect; not coming up, as to a measure or
standard; as, an account which is short of the trith.
6. Not distant in time; near at hand.
Marinell was sore offended That his departure thence should be so
short. Spenser.
He commanded those who were appointed to attend him to be ready by
a short day. Clarendon.
7. Limited in intellectual power or grasp; not comprehensive; narrow;
not tenacious, as memory.
Their own short understandings reach No farther than the present.
Rowe.
8. Less important, efficaceous, or powerful; not equal or equivalent;
less (than); -- with of.
Hardly anything short of an invasion could rouse them again to war.
Landor.
9. Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; as, he gave a short answer to the
question.
10. (Cookery) Breaking or crumbling readily in the mouth; crisp; as,
short pastry.
11. (Metal) Brittle.
NOTE: &hand; Metals that are brittle when hot are called ; as, cast
iron may be hot-short, owing to the presence of sulphur. Those that
are brittle when cold are called cold-short; as, cast iron may be
cold-short, on account of the presence of phosphorus.
12. (Stock Exchange) Engaging or engaged to deliver what is not
possessed; as, short contracts; to be short of stock. See The shorts,
under Short, n., and To sell short, under Short, adv.
NOTE: &hand; In me rcantile tr ansactions, a no te or bi ll is
sometimes made payable at short sight, that is, in a little time
after being presented to the payer.
13. (Phon.) Not prolonged, or relatively less prolonged, in utterance;
-- opposed to long, and applied to vowels or to syllables. In English,
the long and short of the same letter are not, in most cases, the long
and short of the same sound; thus, the i in ill is the short sound,
not of i in isle, but of ee in eel, and the e in pet is the short
sound of a in pate, etc. See Quantity, and Guide to Pronunciation,
§§22, 30.
NOTE: &hand; Sh ort is much used with participles to form numerous
self-explaining compounds; as, short-armed, short-billed,
short-fingered, short-haired, short-necked, short-sleeved,
short-tailed, short-winged, short-wooled, etc.
At short notice, in a brief time; promptly. -- Short rib (Anat.), one
of the false ribs. -- Short suit (Whist), any suit having only three
cards, or less than three. R. A. Proctor. -- To come short, To cut
short, To fall short, etc. See under Come, Cut, etc.
Short
Short, n.
1. A summary account.
The short and the long is, our play is preferred. Shak.
2. pl. The part of milled grain sifted out which is next finer than
the bran.
The first remove above bran is shorts. Halliwell.
3. pl. Short, inferior hemp.
4. pl. Breeches; shortclothes. [Slang] Dickens.
5. (Phonetics) A short sound, syllable, or vowel.
If we compare the nearest conventional shorts and longs in English,
as in "bit" and "beat," "not" and "naught," we find that the short
vowels are generally wide, the long narrow, besides being generally
diphthongic as well. Hence, originally short vowels can be
lengthened and yet kept quite distinct from the original longs. H.
Sweet.
In short, in few words; in brief; briefly. -- The long and the short,
the whole; a brief summing up. -- The shorts (Stock Exchange), those
who are unsupplied with stocks which they contracted to deliver.
Short
Short (?), adv. In a short manner; briefly; limitedly; abruptly;
quickly; as, to stop short in one's course; to turn short.
He was taken up very short, and adjudged corrigible for such
presumptuous language. Howell.
To sell short (Stock Exchange), to sell, for future delivery, what the
party selling does not own, but hopes to buy at a lower rate.
Short
Short, v. t. [AS. sceortian.] To shorten. [Obs.]
Short
Short, v. i. To fail; to decrease. [Obs.]
Shortage
Short"age (?), n. Amount or extent of deficiency, as determined by
some requirement or standard; as, a shortage in money accounts.
Short-breathed
Short"-breathed` (?), a.
1. Having short-breath, or quick respiration.
2. Having short life.
Shortcake
Short"cake` (?), n. An unsweetened breakfast cake shortened with
butter or lard, rolled thin, and baked.
Short circuit
Short" cir"cuit (?). (Elec.) A circuit formed or closed by a conductor
of relatively low resistance because shorter or of relatively great
conductivity.
Short-circuit
Short"-cir`cuit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Short-circuited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Short-circuiting.] (Elec.) To join, as the electrodes of a battery or
dynamo or any two points of a circuit, by a conductor of low
resistance.
Shortclothes
Short"clothes` (?), n. Coverings for the legs of men or boys,
consisting of trousers which reach only to the knees, -- worn with
long stockings.
Shortcoming
Short"com`ing (?), n. The act of falling, or coming short; as: (a) The
failure of a crop, or the like. (b) Neglect of, or failure in,
performance of duty.
Short-dated
Short"-dat`ed (?), a. Having little time to run from the date. "Thy
short-dated life." Sandys.
Shorten
Short"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shortened ; p. pr. & vb. n.
Shortening.] [See Short, a.]
1. To make short or shorter in measure, extent, or time; as, to
shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of calamity.
2. To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen; to
abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to shorten work, an allowance of
food, etc.
Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain.
Dryden.
3. To make deficient (as to); to deprive; -- with of.
Spoiled of his nose, and shortened of his ears. Dryden.
4. To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, pot liquor,
or the like.
To shorten a rope (Naut.), to take in the slack of it. -- To shorten
sail (Naut.), to reduce sail by taking it in.
Shorten
Short"en, v. i. To become short or shorter; as, the day shortens in
northern latitudes from June to December; a metallic rod shortens by
cold.
Shortener
Short"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, shortens.
Shortening
Short"en*ing, n.
1. The act of making or becoming short or shorter.
2. (Cookery) That which renders pastry short or friable, as butter,
lard, etc.
Shorthand
Short"hand` (?), n. A compendious and rapid method or writing by
substituting characters, abbreviations, or symbols, for letters,
words, etc.; short writing; stenography. See Illust. under
Phonography.
Short-handed
Short`-hand"ed, a. Short of, or lacking the regular number of,
servants or helpers.
Shorthead
Short"head` (?), n. A sucking whale less than one year old; -- so
called by sailors.
Shorthorn
Short"horn` (?), a. One of a breed of large, heavy domestic cattle
having short horns. The breed was developed in England.
Short-jointed
Short"-joint`ed (?), a. Having short intervals between the joints; --
said of a plant or an animal, especially of a horse whose pastern is
too short.
Short-lived
Short"-lived` (?), a. Not living or lasting long; being of short
continuance; as, a short-lived race of beings; short-lived pleasure;
short-lived passion.
Shortly
Short"ly, adv. [AS. sceortlice.]
1. In a short or brief time or manner; soon; quickly. Chaucer.
I shall grow jealous of you shortly. Shak.
The armies came shortly in view of each other. Clarendon.
2. In few words; briefly; abruptly; curtly; as, to express ideas more
shortly in verse than in prose.
Shortness
Short"ness, n. The quality or state of being short; want of reach or
extension; brevity; deficiency; as, the shortness of a journey; the
shortness of the days in winter; the shortness of an essay; the
shortness of the memory; a shortness of provisions; shortness of
breath.
Shortsighted
Short"sight`ed (?), a.
1. Not able to see far; nearsighted; myopic. See Myopic, and Myopia.
2. Fig.: Not able to look far into futurity; unable to understand
things deep; of limited intellect.
3. Having little regard for the future; heedless. --
Short"sight`ed*ly, adv. -- Short"sight`ed*ness, n.
Cunning is a kind of shortsightedness. Addison.
Short-spoken
Short"-spo`ken (?), a. Speaking in a quick or short manner; hence,
gruff; curt. [Colloq.]
Shortstop
Short"stop` (?), n. (Baseball) The player stationed in the field
bewtween the second and third bases.
Short-waisted
Short"-waist`ed (?), a. Having a short waist.
Short-winded
Short"-wind`ed (?), a. Affected with shortness of breath; having a
quick, difficult respiration, as dyspnoic and asthmatic persons. May.
Shortwing
Short"wing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small
wrenlike Asiatic birds having short wings and a short tail. They
belong to Brachypterix, Callene, and allied genera.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1333
Short-wited
Short"-wit`ed (?), a. Having little wit; not wise; having scanty
intellect or judgment.
Shory
Shor"y (?), a. Lying near the shore. [Obs.]
Shoshones
Sho*sho"nes (?), n. pl.; sing. Shoshone (. (Ethnol.) A linguistic
family or stock of North American Indians, comprising many tribes,
which extends from Montana and Idaho into Mexico. In a restricted
sense the name is applied especially to the Snakes, the most northern
of the tribes.
Shot
Shot (?), imp. & p. p. Shoot.
Shot
Shot, a. Woven in such a way as to produce an effect of variegation,
of changeable tints, or of being figured; as, shot silks. See Shoot,
v. t., 8.
Shot
Shot, n. [AS. scot, sceot, fr. sce\'a2tan to shoot; akin to D. sschot,
Icel. skot. &root;159. See Scot a share, Shoot, v. t., and cf. Shot a
shooting.] A share or proportion; a reckoning; a scot.
Here no shots are where all shares be. Chapman.
A man is never . . . welcome to a place till some certain shot be
paid and the hostess say "Welcome." Shak.
Shot
Shot, n.; pl. Shotor Shots (#). [OE. shot, schot, AS. gesceot a
missile; akin to D. schot a shot, shoot, G. schuss, geschoss a
missile, Icel. skot a throwing, a javelin, and E. shoot, v.t.
&root;159. See Shoot, and cf. Shot a share.]
1. The act of shooting; discharge of a firearm or other weapon which
throws a missile.
He caused twenty shot of his greatest cannon to be made at the
king's army. Clarendon.
2. A missile weapon, particularly a ball or bullet; specifically,
whatever is discharged as a projectile from firearms or cannon by the
force of an explosive.
NOTE: &hand; Sh ot us ed in wa r is of various kinds, classified
according to the material of which it is composed, into lead,
wrought-iron, and cast-iron; according to form, into spherical and
oblong; according to structure and modes of operation, into solid,
hollow, and case. See Bar shot, Chain shot, etc., under Bar, Chain,
etc.
3. Small globular masses of lead, of various sizes, -- used chiefly
for killing game; as, bird shot; buckshot.
4. The flight of a missile, or the distance which it is, or can be,
thrown; as, the vessel was distant more than a cannon shot.
5. A marksman; one who practices shooting; as, an exellent shot.
Shot belt, a belt having a pouch or compartment for carrying shot. --
Shot cartridge, a cartridge containing powder and small shot, forming
a charge for a shotgun. -- Shot garland (Naut.), a wooden frame to
contain shot, secured to the coamings and ledges round the hatchways
of a ship. -- Shot gauge, an instrument for measuring the diameter of
round shot. Totten. -- shot hole, a hole made by a shot or bullet
discharged. -- Shot locker (Naut.), a strongly framed compartment in
the hold of a vessel, for containing shot. -- Shot of a cable (Naut.),
the splicing of two or more cables together, or the whole length of
the cables thus united. -- Shot prop (Naut.), a wooden prop covered
with tarred hemp, to stop a hole made by the shot of an enemy in a
ship's side. -- Shot tower, a lofty tower for making shot, by dropping
from its summit melted lead in slender streams. The lead forms
spherical drops which cool in the descent, and are received in water
or other liquid. -- Shot window, a window projecting from the wall.
Ritson, quoted by Halliwell, explains it as a window that opens and
shuts; and Wodrow describes it as a window of shutters made of timber
and a few inches of glass above them.
Shot
Shot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shotting.] To load
with shot, as a gun. Totten.
Shot-clog
Shot"-clog` (?), n. A person tolerated only because he pays the shot,
or reckoning, for the rest of the company, otherwise a mere clog on
them. [Old Slang]
Thou common shot-clog, gull of all companies. Chapman.
Shote
Shote (?), n. [AS. sce\'a2ta a darting fish, a trout, fr. sce\'a2tan.
See Shoot, v. t.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A fish resembling the trout. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Garew.
2. [Perh. a different word.] A young hog; a shoat.
Shot-free
Shot"-free` (?), a. Not to be injured by shot; shot-proof. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Shot-free
Shot"-free`, a. Free from charge or expense; hence, unpunished;
scot-free. [Obs.] Shak.
Shotgun
Shot"gun` (?), n. A light, smooth-bored gun, often double-barreled,
especially designed for firing small shot at short range, and killing
small game.
Shot-proof
Shot"-proof` (?), a. Impenetrable by shot.
Shots
Shots (?), n. pl. The refuse of cattle taken from a drove. [Prov.
Eng.] Halliwell.
Shotted
Shot"ted (?), a.
1. Loaded with shot.
2. (Med.) Having a shot attached; as, a shotten suture.
Shotten
Shot"ten (?), n. [Properly p. p. of shoot; AS. scoten, sceoten, p. p.
of sce\'a2tan.]
1. Having ejected the spawn; as, a shotten herring. Shak.
2. Shot out of its socket; dislocated, as a bone.
Shough
Shough (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shockdog.
Shough
Shough (?), interj. See Shoo. Beau & Fl.
Should
Should (?), imp. of Shall. [OE. sholde, shulde, scholde, schulde, AS.
scolde, sceolde. See Shall.] Used as an auxiliary verb, to express a
conditional or contingent act or state, or as a supposition of an
actual fact; also, to express moral obligation (see Shall); e. g.:
they should have come last week; if I should go; I should think you
could go. "You have done that you should be sorry for." Shak. Syn. --
See Ought.
Shoulder
Shoul"der (?), n. [OE. shulder, shuldre, schutder, AS. sculdor; akin
to D. schoulder, G. schulter, OHG. scultarra, Dan. skulder, Sw.
skuldra.]
1. (Anat.) The joint, or the region of the joint, by which the fore
limb is connected with the body or with the shoulder girdle; the
projection formed by the bones and muscles about that joint.
2. The flesh and muscles connected with the shoulder joint; the upper
part of the back; that part of the human frame on which it is most
easy to carry a heavy burden; -- often used in the plural.
Then by main force pulled up, and on his shoulders bore The gates
of Azza. Milton.
Adown her shoulders fell her length of hair. Dryden.
3. Fig.: That which supports or sustains; support.
In thy shoulder do I build my seat. Shak.
4. That which resembles a human shoulder, as any protuberance or
projection from the body of a thing.
The north western shoulder of the mountain. Sir W. Scott.
5. The upper joint of the fore leg and adjacent parts of an animal,
dressed for market; as, a shoulder of mutton.
6. (Fort.) The angle of a bastion included between the face and flank.
See Illust. of Bastion.
7. An abrupt projection which forms an abutment on an object, or
limits motion, etc., as the projection around a tenon at the end of a
piece of timber, the part of the top of a type which projects beyond
the base of the raised character, etc.
Shoulder belt, a belt that passes across the shoulder. -- Shoulder
blade (Anat.), the flat bone of the shoulder, to which the humerus is
articulated; the scapula. -- Shoulder block (Naut.), a block with a
projection, or shoulder, near the upper end, so that it can rest
against a spar without jamming the rope. -- Shoulder clapper, one who
claps another on the shoulder, or who uses great familiarity. [Obs.]
Shak. -- Shoulder girdle. (Anat.) See Pectoral girdle, under Pectoral.
-- Shoulder knot, an ornamental knot of ribbon or lace worn on the
shoulder; a kind of epaulet or braided ornament worn as part of a
military uniform. -- Shoulder-of-mutton sail (Naut.), a triangular
sail carried on a boat's mast; -- so called from its shape. --
Shoulder slip, dislocation of the shoulder, or of the humerous. Swift.
-- Shoulder strap, a strap worn on or over the shoulder. Specifically
(Mil. & Naval), a narrow strap worn on the shoulder of a commissioned
officer, indicating, by a suitable device, the rank he holds in the
service. See Illust. in App.
Shoulder
Shoul"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shouldered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shouldering.]
1. To push or thrust with the shoulder; to push with violence; to
jostle.
As they the earth would shoulder from her seat. Spenser.
Around her numberless the rabble flowed, Shouldering each other,
crowding for a view. Rowe.
2. To take upon the shoulder or shoulders; as, to shoulder a basket;
hence, to assume the burden or responsibility of; as, to shoulder
blame; to shoulder a debt.
As if Hercules Or burly Atlas shouldered up their state. Marston.
Right shoulder arms (Mil.), a position in the Manual of Arms which the
piece is placed on the right shoulder, with the lock plate up, and the
muzzle elevated and inclined to the left, and held as in the
illustration.
Shouldered
Shoul"dered (?), a. Having shoulders; -- used in composition; as, a
broad-shouldered man. "He was short-shouldered." Chaucer.
Shoulder-shotten
Shoul"der-shot`ten (?), a. Sprained in the shoulder, as a horse. Shak.
Shout
Shout (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shouting.]
[OE. shouten, of unknown origin; perhaps akin to shoot; cf. Icel. sk,
sk, a taunt.] To utter a sudden and loud outcry, as in joy, triumph,
or exultation, or to attract attention, to animate soldiers, etc.
Shouting of the men and women eke. Chaucer.
They shouted thrice: what was the last cry for? Shak.
To shout at, to utter shouts at; to deride or revile with shouts.
Shout
Shout, v. t.
1. To utter with a shout; to cry; -- sometimes with out; as, to shout,
or to shout out, a man's name.
2. To treat with shouts or clamor. Bp. Hall.
Shout
Shout, n. A loud burst of voice or voices; a vehement and sudden
outcry, especially of a multitudes expressing joy, triumph,
exultation, or animated courage.
The Rhodians, seeing the enemy turn their backs, gave a great shout
in derision. Knolles.
Shouter
Shout"er (?), n. One who shouts.
Shove
Shove (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shoved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shoving.]
[OE. shoven, AS. scofian, fr. sc; akin to OFries. sk, D. schuiven, G.
schieben, OHG. scioban, Icel. sk, sk, Sw. skuffa, Dan. skuffe, Goth.
afskiuban to put away, cast away; cf. Skr. kshubh to become agitated,
to quake, Lith. skubrus quick, skubinti to hasten. &root;160. Cf.
Sheaf a bundle of stalks, Scoop, Scuffle.]
1. To drive along by the direct and continuous application of
strength; to push; especially, to push (a body) so as to make it move
along the surface of another body; as, to shove a boat on the water;
to shove a table across the floor.
2. To push along, aside, or away, in a careless or rude manner; to
jostle.
And shove away the worthy bidden guest. Milton.
He used to shove and elbow his fellow servants. Arbuthnot.
Shove
Shove, v. i.
1. To push or drive forward; to move onward by pushing or jostling.
2. To move off or along by an act pushing, as with an oar a pole used
by one in a boat; sometimes with off.
He grasped the oar,< eceived his guests on board, and shoved from
shore. Garth.
Shove
Shove (?), n. The act of shoving; a forcible push.
I rested . . . and then gave the boat another shove. Swift.
Syn. -- See Thrust.
Shove
Shove, obs. p. p. of Shove. Chaucer.
Shoveboard, Shovegroat
Shove"board` (?), Shove"groat` (?), n. The same as Shovelboard.
Shovel
Shov"el (?), n. [OE. shovele, schovele, AS. scoft, sceoft; akin to D.
schoffel, G. schaufel, OHG. sc, Dan. skovl, Sw. skofvel, skyffel, and
to E. shove. &root;160. See Shove, v. t.] An implement consisting of a
broad scoop, or more or less hollow blade, with a handle, used for
lifting and throwing earth, coal, grain, or other loose substances.
Shovel hat, a broad-brimmed hat, turned up at the sides, and
projecting in front like a shovel, -- worn by some clergy of the
English Church. [Colloq.] -- Shovelspur (Zo\'94l.), a flat, horny
process on the tarsus of some toads, -- used in burrowing. -- Steam
shovel, a machine with a scoop or scoops, operated by a steam engine,
for excavating earth, as in making railway cuttings.
Shovel
Shov"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shoveled (?) or Shovelled; p. pr. & vb.
n. Shoveling or Shovelling.]
1. To take up and throw with a shovel; as, to shovel earth into a
heap, or into a cart, or out of a pit.
2. To gather up as with a shovel.
Shovelard
Shov"el*ard (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Shoveler. [Prov. Eng.]
Shovelbill
Shov"el*bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The shoveler.
Shovelboard
Shov"el*board` (?), n.
1. A board on which a game is played, by pushing or driving pieces of
metal or money to reach certain marks; also, the game itself. Called
also shuffleboard, shoveboard, shovegroat, shovelpenny.<-- now usu.
shuffleboard. -->
2. A game played on board ship in which the aim is to shove or drive
with a cue wooden disks into divisions chalked on the deck; -- called
also shuffleboard.
Shoveler
Shov"el*er (?), n. [Also shoveller.]
1. One who, or that which, shovels.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A river duck (Spatula clypeata), native of Europe and
America. It has a large bill, broadest towards the tip. The male is
handsomely variegated with green, blue, brown, black, and white on the
body; the head and neck are dark green. Called also broadbill,
spoonbill, shovelbill, and maiden duck. The Australian shoveler, or
shovel-nosed duck (S. rhynchotis), is a similar species.
Shovelful
Shov"el*ful (?), n.; pl. Shovelfuls (. As much as a shovel will hold;
enough to fill a shovel.
Shovelhead
Shov"el*head` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shark (Sphryna tiburio) allied to
the hammerhead, and native of the warmer parts of the Atlantic and
Pacific oceans; -- called also bonnet shark.
Shovelnose
Shov"el*nose` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common sand shark. See under
Snad. (b) A small California shark (Heptranchias maculatus), which is
taken for its oil. (c) A Pacific Ocean shark (Hexanchus corinus). (d)
A ganoid fish of the Sturgeon family (Scaphirhynchus platyrhynchus) of
the Mississippi and Ohio rivers; -- called also white sturgeon.
Shovel-nosed
Shov"el-nosed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a broad, flat nose; as, the
shovel-nosed duck, or shoveler.
Shoven
Shov"en (?), obs. p. p. of Shove. Chaucer.
Show
Show (?), v. t. [imp. Showed (?); p. p. Shown (?) or Showed; p. pr. &
vb. n. Showing. It is sometimes written shew, shewed, shewn, shewing.]
[OE. schowen, shewen, schewen, shawen, AS. sce\'a0wian, to look, see,
view; akin to OS. scaw, OFries. skawia, D. schouwen, OHG. scouw, G.
schauen, Dan. skue, Sw. sk, Icel. sko, Goth. usskawjan to waken,
skuggwa a mirror, Icel. skuggy shade, shadow, L. cavere to be on one's
guard, Gr. kavi wise. Cf. Caution, Scavenger, Sheen.]
1. To exhibit or present to view; to place in sight; to display; --
the thing exhibited being the object, and often with an indirect
object denoting the person or thing seeing or beholding; as, to show a
house; show your colors; shopkeepers show customers goods (show goods
to customers).
Go thy way, shew thyself to the priest. Matt. viii. 4.
Nor want we skill or art from whence to raise Magnificence; and
what can heaven show more? Milton.
2. To exhibit to the mental view; to tell; to disclose; to reveal; to
make known; as, to show one's designs.
Shew them the way wherein they must walk. Ex. xviii. 20.
If it please my father to do thee evil, then I will shew it thee,
and send thee away. 1 Sam. xx. 13.
3. Specifically, to make known the way to (a person); hence, to
direct; to guide; to asher; to conduct; as, to show a person into a
parlor; to show one to the door.
4. To make apparent or clear, as by evidence, testimony, or reasoning;
to prove; to explain; also, to manifest; to evince; as, to show the
truth of a statement; to show the causes of an event.
I 'll show my duty by my timely care. Dryden.
5. To bestow; to confer; to afford; as, to show favor.
Shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me. Ex. xx. 6.
To show forth, to manifest; to publish; to proclaim. -- To show his
paces, to exhibit the gait, speed, or the like; -- said especially of
a horse. -- To show off, to exhibit ostentatiously. -- To show up, to
expose. [Colloq.]
Show
Show, v. i. [Written also shew.]
1. To exhibit or manifest one's self or itself; to appear; to look; to
be in appearance; to seem.
Just such she shows before a rising storm. Dryden.
All round a hedge upshoots, and shows At distance like a little
wood. Tennyson.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1334
2. To have a certain appearance, as well or ill, fit or unfit; to
become or suit; to appear.
My lord of York, it better showed with you. Shak.
To show off, to make a show; to display one's self.
Show
Show (?), n. [Formerly written also shew.]
1. The act of showing, or bringing to view; exposure to sight;
exhibition.
2. That which os shown, or brought to view; that which is arranged to
be seen; a spectacle; an exhibition; as, a traveling show; a cattle
show.
As for triumphs, masks, feasts, and such shows. Bacon.
3. Proud or ostentatious display; parade; pomp.
I envy none their pageantry and show. Young.
4. Semblance; likeness; appearance.
He through the midst unmarked, In show plebeian angel militant Of
lowest order, passed. Milton.
5. False semblance; deceitful appearance; pretense.
Beware of the scribes, . . . which devour widows' houses, and for a
shew make long prayers. Luke xx. 46. 47.
6. (Med.) A discharge, from the vagina, of mucus streaked with blood,
occuring a short time before labor.
7. (Mining) A pale blue flame, at the top of a candle flame,
indicating the presence of fire damp. Raymond.
Show bill, a broad sheet containing an advertisement in large letters.
-- Show box, a box xontaining some object of curiosity carried round
as a show. -- Show card, an advertising placard; also, a card for
displaying samples. -- Show case, a gla -- Show glass, a glass which
displays objects; a mirror. -- Show of hands, a raising of hands to
indicate judgment; as, the vote was taken by a show of hands. -- Show
stone, a piece of glass or crystal supposed to have the property of
exhibiting images of persons or things not present, indicating in that
way future events.
Showbread
Show"bread` (?), n. (Jewish Antiq.) Bread of exhibition; loaves to set
before God; -- the term used in translating the various phrases used
in the Hebrew and Greek to designate the loaves of bread which the
priest of the week placed before the Lord on the golden table in the
sanctuary. They were made of fine flour unleavened, and were changed
every Sabbath. The loaves, twelve in number, represented the twelve
tribes of Israel. They were to be eaten by the priests only, and in
the Holy Place. [Written also shewbread.] Mark ii. 26.
Shower
Show"er (?), n.
1. One who shows or exhibits.
2. That which shows; a mirror. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Shower
Show"er (?), n. [OE. shour, schour, AS. se; akin to D. schoer, G.
schauer, OHG. sc, Icel. sk, Sw. skur, Goth. sk a storm of wind; of
uncertain origin.]
1. A fall or rain or hail of short duration; sometimes, but rarely, a
like fall of snow.
In drought or else showers. Chaucer.
Or wet the thirsty earth with falling showers. Milton.
2. That which resembles a shower in falling or passing through the air
copiously and rapidly.
With showers of stones he drives them far away. Pope.
3. A copious supply bestowed. [R.]
He and myself Have travail'd in the great shower of your gifts.
Shak.
Shower bath, a bath in which water is showered from above, and
sometimes from the sides also.
Shower
Show"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Showered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Showering.]
1. To water with a shower; to
Lest it again dissolve and shower the earth. Milton.
2. To bestow liberally; to destribute or scatter in Shak.
Cshowers down greatness on his friends. Addison.
Shower
Show"er, v. i. To rain in showers; to fall, as in a hower or showers.
Shak.
Showerful
Show"er*ful (?), a. Full of showers. Tennyson.
Showeriness
Show"er*i*ness (?), n. Quality of being showery.
Showerless
Show"er*less, a. Rainless; freo from showers.
Showery
Show"er*y (?), a.
1. Raining in showers; abounding with frequent showers of rain.
2. Of or pertaining to a shower or showers. "Colors of the showery
arch." Milton.
Showily
Show"i*ly (?), adv. In a showy manner; pompously; with parade.
Showiness
Show"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being showy; pompousness;
great parade; ostentation.
Showing
Show"ing, n.
1. Appearance; display; exhibition.
2. Presentation of facts; statement. J. S. Mill.
Showish
Show"ish, a. Showy; ostentatious. Swift.
Showman
Show"man (?), n.; pl. Showmen (#). One who exhibits a show; a
proprietor of a show. <-- 1 (b) esp. a producer of an entertainment .
2. One who has a knack for dramatic or entertaining presentation. -->
Shown
Shown (?), p. p. of Show.
Showroom
Show"room` (?), n. A room or apartment where a show is exhibited.
2. A room where merchandise is exposed for sale, or where samples are
displayed.
Showy
Show"y (?), a. [Compar. Showier (; superl. Showiest.] Making a show;
attracting attention; presenting a marked appearance; ostentatious;
gay; gaudy.
A present of everything that was rich and showy. Addison.
Syn. -- Splendid; gay; gaudy; gorgeous; fine; magnificent; grand;
stately; sumptuous; pompous.
Shrag
Shrag (?), n. [CF. Scrag.] A twig of a tree cut off. [Obs.]
Shrag
Shrag, v. t. To trim, as trees; to lop. [Obs.]
Shragger
Shrag"ger (?), n. One who lops; one who trims trees. [Obs.] Huloet.
Shram
Shram (?), v. t. [Cf. Shrink.] To cause to shrink or shrivel with
cold; to benumb. [Prov. Eng.]
Shrank
Shrank (?), imp. of Shrink.
Shrap, Shrape
Shrap (?), Shrape (?), n. [Cf. Scrap, and Scrape.] A place baited with
chaff to entice birds. [Written also scrap.] [Obs.] Bp. Bedell.
Shrapnel
Shrap"nel (?), a. Applied as an appellation to a kind of shell
invented by Gen. H. Shrapnel of the British army. -- n. A shrapnel
shell; shrapnel shells, collectively. Shrapnel shell (Gunnery), a
projectile for a cannon, consisting of a shell filled with bullets and
a small bursting charge to scatter them at any given point while in
flight. See the Note under Case shot.
Shred
Shred (?), n. [OE. shrede, schrede, AS. scre\'a0de; akin to OD.
schroode, G. schrot a piece cut off, Icel. skrjo\'ebr a shred, and to
E. shroud. Cf. Screed, Scroll, Scrutiny.]
1. A long, narrow piece cut or torn off; a strip. "Shreds of tanned
leather." Bacon.
2. In general, a fragment; a piece; a particle. Shak.
Shred
Shred, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shred or Shredded (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Shredding.] [OE. shreden, schreden, AS. scre\'a0dian; akin to OD.
schrooden, OHG. scr, G. schroten. See Shred, n.]
1. To cut or tear into small pieces, particularly narrow and long
pieces, as of cloth or leather. Chaucer.
2. To lop; to prune; to trim. [Obs.]
Shredcook
Shred"cook` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The fieldfare; -- so called from its
harsh cry before rain. [Prov. Eng.]
Shredding
Shred"ding (?), n.
1. The act of cutting or tearing into shreds.
2. That which is cut or torn off; a piece. Hooker.
Shreddy
Shred"dy (?), a. Consisting of shreds.
Shredless
Shred"less, a. Having no shreds; without a shred.
And those which waved are shredless dust ere now. Byron.
Shrew
Shrew (?), a. [OE. shrewe, schrewe. Cf. Shrewd.] Wicked; malicious.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Shrew
Shrew, n. [See Shrew, a.]
1. Originally, a brawling, turbulent, vexatious person of either sex,
but now restricted in use to females; a brawler; a scold.
A man . . . grudgeth that shrews [i. e., bad men] have prosperity,
or else that good men have adversity. Chaucer.
A man had got a shrew to his wife, and there could be no quiet in
the house for her. L'Estrange.
2. [AS. scre\'a0wa; -- so called because supposed to be venomous. ]
(Zo\'94l.) Any small insectivore of the genus Sorex and several allied
genera of the family Sorecid\'91. In form and color they resemble
mice, but they have a longer and more pointed nose. Some of them are
the smallest of all mammals.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon Eu ropean sp ecies ar e th e ho use shrew
(Crocidura araneus), and the erd shrew (Sorex vulgaris) (see under
Erd.). In the United States several species of Sorex and Blarina
are common, as the broadnosed shrew (S. platyrhinus), Cooper's
shrew (S. Cooperi), and the short-tailed, or mole, shrew (Blarina
brevicauda). Th American water, or marsh, shrew (Neosorex
palustris), with fringed feet, is less common. The common European
water shrews are Crossopus fodiens, and the oared shrew (see under
Oared).
Earth shrew, any shrewlike burrowing animal of the family
Centetid\'91, as the tendrac. -- Elephant shrew, Jumping shrew, Mole
shrew. See under Elephant, Jumping, etc. -- Musk shrew. See Desman. --
River shrew, an aquatic West African insectivore (Potamogale velox)
resembling a weasel in form and size, but having a large flattened and
crested tail adapted for rapid swimming. It feeds on fishes. -- Shrew
mole, a common large North American mole (Scalops aquaticus). Its
fine, soft fur is gray with iridescent purple tints.
Shrew
Shrew, v. t. [See Shrew, a., and cf. Beshrew.] To beshrew; to curse.
[Obs.] "I shrew myself." Chaucer.
Shrewd
Shrewd (?), a. [Compar. Shrewder (?); superl. Shrewdest.] [Originally
the p. p. of shrew, v.t.]
1. Inclining to shrew; disposing to curse or scold; hence, vicious;
malicious; evil; wicked; mischievous; vexatious; rough; unfair;
shrewish. [Obs.] Chaucer.
[Egypt] hath many shrewd havens, because of the great rocks that
ben strong and dangerous to pass by. Sir J. Mandeville.
Every of this happy number That have endured shrewd days and nights
with us. Shak.
2. Artful; wily; cunning; arch.
These women are shrewd tempters with their tongues. Shak.
3. Able or clever in practical affairs; sharp in business; astute;
sharp-witted; sagacious; keen; as, a shrewd observer; a shrewd design;
a shrewd reply.
Professing to despise the ill opinion of mankind creates a shrewd
suspicion that we have deserved it. Secker.
Syn. -- Keen; critical; subtle; artful; astute; sagacious; discerning;
acute; penetrating. -- Shrewd, Sagacious. One who is shrewd is keen to
detect errors, to penetrate disguises, to foresee and guard against
the selfishness of others. Shrewd is a word of less dignity than
sagacious, which implies a comprehensive as well as penetrating mind,
whereas shrewd does not. -- Shrewd"ly, adv. -- Shrewd"ness, n.
Shrewish
Shrew"ish (?), a. having the qualities of a shrew; having a scolding
disposition; froward; peevish.
My wife is shrewish when I keep not hours. Shak.
-- Shrew"ish*ly, adv. -- Shrew"ish*ness, n.
Shrewmouse
Shrew"mouse` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A shrew; especially, the erd shrew.
<-- Sorex vulgaris -->
Shriek
Shriek (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shrieked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shrieking.] [OE. shriken, originallythe same word as E. screech. See
Screech, and cf. Screak.] To utter a loud, sharp, shrill sound or cry,
as do some birds and beasts; to scream, as in a sudden fright, in
horror or anguish.
It was the owl that shrieked. Shak.
At this she shrieked aloud; the mournful train Echoed her grief.
Dryden.
Shriek
Shriek (?), v. t. To utter sharply and shrilly; to utter in or with a
shriek or shrieks.
On top whereof aye dwelt the ghostly owl, Shrieking his baleful
note. Spenser.
She shrieked his name To the dark woods. Moore.
Shriek
Shriek, n. A sharp, shrill outcry or scream; a shrill wild cry such as
is caused by sudden or extreme terror, pain, or the like.
Shrieks, clamors, murmurs, fill the frighted town. Dryden.
Shriek owl. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The screech owl. (b) The swift; -- so
called from its cry.
Shrieker
Shriek"er (?), n. One who utters a shriek.
Shrieval
Shriev"al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a sheriff.
Shrievalty
Shriev"al*ty (?), n. [Contr. from sheriffalty. See Shrieve, n.
Sheriff.] The office, or sphere of jurisdiction, of a sheriff;
sheriffalty.
It was ordained by 28 Edward I that the people shall have election
of sheriff in every shire where the shrievalty is not of
inheritance. Blackstone.
Shrieve
Shrieve (?), n. [Contr. from OE. shereve. See Sheriff.] A sheriff.
[Obs.] Shak.
Shrieve
Shrieve, v. t. To shrive; to question. [Obs.] "She gan him soft to
shrieve." Spenser.
Shrift
Shrift (?), n. [OE. shrift, schrift, AS. scrift, fr. scr\'c6fan to
shrive. See Shrive.]
1. The act of shriving.
In shrift and preaching is my diligence. Chaucer.
2. Confession made to a priest, and the absolution consequent upon it.
Chaucer.
Have you got leave to go to shrift to-day? Shak.
Therefore, my lord, address you to your shrift, And be yourself;
for you must die this instant. Rowe.
Shrift father, a priest to whom confession is made.
Shright
Shright (?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Shriek.
She cried alway and shright. Chaucer.
Shright
Shright, n. [See Shriek.] A shriek; shrieking. [Obs] Spenser. "All
hoarse for shright." Chaucer.
Shrike
Shrike (?), n. [Akin to Icel. skr\'c6kja a shrieker, the shrike, and
E. shriek; cf. AS. scr\'c6c a thrush. See Shriek, v. i.] (Zo\'94l.)
Any one of numerous species of oscinine birds of the family
Laniid\'91, having a strong hooked bill, toothed at the tip. Most
shrikes are insectivorous, but the common European gray shrike (Lanius
excubitor), the great northern shrike (L. borealis), and several
others, kill mice, small birds, etc., and often impale them on thorns,
and are, on that account called also butcher birds. See under Butcher.
NOTE: &hand; Th e an t sh rikes, or bu sh shrikes, are clamatorial
birds of the family Formicarid\'91. The cuckoo shrikes of the East
Indies and Australia are Oscines of the family Campephagid\'91. The
drongo shrikes of the same regions belong to the related family
Dicrurid\'91. See Drongo.
Crow shrike. See under Crow. -- Shrike thrush. (a) Any one of several
species of Asiatic timaline birds of the genera Thamnocataphus,
Gampsorhynchus, and allies. (b) Any one of several species of
shrikelike Australian singing birds of the genus Colluricincla. --
Shrike tit. (a) Any one of several Australian birds of the genus
Falcunculus, having a strong toothed bill and sharp claws. They creep
over the bark of trees, like titmice, in search of insects. (b) Any
one of several species of small Asiatic birds belonging to Allotrius,
Pteruthius, Cutia, Leioptila, and allied genera, related to the true
tits. Called also hill tit. -- Swallow shrike. See under Swallow.
Shrill
Shrill (?), a. [Compar. Shriller (?); superl. Shrillest.] [OE. shril,
schril; akin to LG. schrell, G. schrill. See Shrill,v. i.] Acute;
sharp; piercing; having or emitting a sharp, piercing tone or sound;
-- said a sound, or of that which produces a sound.
Hear the shrill whistle which doth order give To sounds confused.
Shak.
Let winds be shrill, let waves roll high. Byron.
Shrill
Shrill, n. A shrill sound. [Obs.] Spenser.
Shrill
Shrill, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shrilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shrilling.]
[OE. schrillen, akin to G. schrillen; cf. AS. scralletan to resound
loudly, Icel. skr\'94lta to jolt, Sw. skr\'84lla to shrill, Norw.
skryla, skr. Cf. Skirl.] To utter an acute, piercing sound; to sound
with a sharp, shrill tone; to become shrill.
Break we our pipes, that shrilledloud as lark. Spenser.
No sounds were heard but of the shrilling cock. Goldsmith.
His voice shrilled with passion. L. Wallace.
Shrill
Shrill, v. t. To utter or express in a shrill tone; to cause to make a
shrill sound.
How poor Andromache shrills her dolors forth. Shak.
Shrill-gorged
Shrill"-gorged` (?), a. Having a throat which produces a shrill note.
[R.] Shak.
Shrillness
Shrill"ness, n. The quality or state of being shrill.
Shrill-tongued
Shrill"-tongued` (?), a. Having a shrill voice. "When shrill-tongued
Fulvia scolds." Shak.
Shrilly
Shril"ly, adv. In a shrill manner; acutely; with a sharp sound or
voice.
Shrilly
Shril"ly, a. Somewhat shrill. [Poetic] Sir W. Scott.
Some kept up a shrilly mellow sound. Keats.
Shrimp
Shrimp (?), v. t. [Cf. AS. scrimman to dry up, wither, MHG. schrimpfen
to shrink, G. schrumpfen, Dan. skrumpe, skrumpes, Da. & Sw. skrumpen
shriveled. Cf. Scrimp, Shrink, Shrivel.] To contract; to shrink.
[Obs.]
Shrimp
Shrimp, n. [OE. shrimp; -- probably so named from its shriveled
appearance. See Shrimp, v.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of macruran Crustacea
belonging to Crangon and various allied genera, having a slender body
and long legs. Many of them are used as food. The larger kinds are
called also prawns. See Illust. of Decapoda. (b) In a more general
sense, any species of the macruran tribe Caridea, or any species of
the order Schizopoda, having a similar form. (c) In a loose sense, any
small crustacean, including some amphipods and even certain
entomostracans; as, the fairy shrimp, and brine shrimp. See under
Fairy, and Brine.
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Page 1335
2. Figuratively, a little wrinkled man; a dwarf; -- in contempt.
This weak and writhled shrimp. Shak.
Opossum shrimp. (Zo\'94l.) See under Opossum. -- Spector shrimp, OR
Skeleton shrimp (Zo\'94l.), any slender amphipod crustacean of the
genus Caprella and allied genera. See Illust. under L\'91modopoda. --
Shrimp catcher (Zo\'94l.), the little tern (Sterna minuta). -- Shrimp
net, a dredge net fixed upon a pole, or a sweep net dragged over the
fishing ground.
Shrimper
Shrimp"er (?), n. One who fishes for shrimps.
Shrine
Shrine (?), n. [OE. schrin, AS. scr\'c6n, from L. scrinium a case,
chest, box.]
1. A case, box, or receptacle, especially one in which are deposited
sacred relics, as the bones of a saint.
2. Any sacred place, as an altar, tromb, or the like.
Too weak the sacred shrine guard. Byron.
3. A place or object hallowed from its history or associations; as, a
shrine of art.
Shrine
Shrine, v. t. To enshrine; to place reverently, as in a shrine.
"Shrined in his sanctuary." Milton.
Shrink
Shrink (?), v. i. [imp. Shrank (?) or Shrunk (?) p. p. Shrunk or
Shrunken (, but the latter is now seldom used except as a participial
adjective; p. pr. & vb. n. Shrinking.] [OE. shrinken, schrinken, AS.
scrincan; akin to OD. schrincken, and probably to Sw. skrynka a
wrinkle, skrynkla to wrinkle, to rumple, and E. shrimp, n. & v.,
scrimp. CF. Shrimp.]
1. To wrinkle, bend, or curl; to shrivel; hence, to contract into a
less extent or compass; to gather together; to become compacted.
And on a broken reed he still did stay His feeble steps, which
shrunk when hard thereon he lay. Spenser.
I have not found that water, by mixture of ashes, will shrink or
draw into less room. Bacon.
Against this fire do I shrink up. Shak.
And shrink like parchment in consuming fire. Dryden.
All the boards did shrink. Coleridge.
2. To withdraw or retire, as from danger; to decline action from fear;
to recoil, as in fear, horror, or distress.
What happier natures shrink at with affright, The hard inhabitant
contends is right. Pope.
They assisted us against the Thebans when you shrank from the task.
Jowett (Thucyd.)
3. To express fear, horror, or pain by contracting the body, or part
of it; to shudder; to quake. [R.] Shak.
Shrink
Shrink, v. t.
1. To cause to contract or shrink; as, to shrink finnel by imersing it
in boiling water.
2. To draw back; to withdraw. [Obs.]
The Libyc Hammon shrinks his horn. Milton.
To shrink on (Mach.), to fix (one piece or part) firmly around
(another) by natural contraction in cooling, as a tire on a wheel, or
a hoop upon a cannon, which is made slightly smaller than the part it
is to fit, and expanded by heat till it can be slipped into place.
Shrink
Shrink, n. The act shrinking; shrinkage; contraction; also, recoil;
withdrawal.
Yet almost wish, with sudden shrink, That I had less to praise.
Leigh Hunt.
Shrinkage
Shrink"age (?), n.
1. The act of shrinking; a contraction into less bulk or measurement.
2. The amount of such contraction; the bulk or dimension lost by
shrinking, as of grain, castings, etc.
3. Decrease in value; depreciation. [Colloq.]
Shrinker
Shrink"er (?), n. One who shrinks; one who withdraws from danger.
Shrinking
Shrink"ing, a. & n. from Shrink. Shrinking head (Founding), a body of
molten metal connected with a mold for the purpose of supplying metal
to compensate for the shrinkage of the casting; -- called also sinking
head, and riser.
Shrinkingly
Shrink"ing*ly, adv. In a shrinking manner.
Shrivalty
Shriv"al*ty (?), n. Shrievalty. Johnson.
Shrive
Shrive (?), v. t. [imp. Shrived (?) or Shrove (; p. p. Shriven (?) or
Shrived; p. pr. & vb. n. Shriving.] [OE. shriven, schriven, AS.
scr\'c6van to shrive, to impose penance or punishment; akin to OFries.
skr\'c6va to impose punishment; cf. OS. biskr\'c6ban to be troubled.
Cf. Shrift, Shrovetide.]
1. To hear or receive the confession of; to administer confession and
absolution to; -- said of a priest as the agent.
That they should shrive their parishioners. Piers Plowman.
Doubtless he shrives this woman, . . . Else ne'er could he so long
protract his speech. Shak.
Till my guilty soul be shriven. Longfellow.
2. To confess, and receive absolution; -- used reflexively.
Get you to the church and shrive yourself. Beau & Fl.
Shrive
Shrive, v. i. To receive confessions, as a priest; to administer
confession and absolution. Spenser.
Shrivel
Shriv"el (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shriveled (?) or Shrivelled; p. pr.
& vb. n. Shriveling or Shrivelling.] [Probably akin to shrimp, shrink;
cf. dial. AS. screpa to pine away, Norw. skrypa to waste, skryp,
skryv, transitory, frail, Sw. skr\'94pling feeble, Dan. skr\'94belig,
Icel. skrj brittle, frail.] To draw, or be drawn, into wrinkles; to
shrink, and form corrugations; as, a leaf shriveles in the hot sun;
the skin shrivels with age; -- often with up.
Shrivel
Shriv"el (?), v. t. To cause to shrivel or contract; to cause to
shrink onto corruptions.
Shriven
Shriv"en (?), p. p. of Shrive.
Shriver
Shriv"er (?), n. One who shrives; a confessor.
Shriving
Shriv"ing, n. Shrift; confession. Spenser.
Shroff
Shroff (?), n. [Ar. sarr\'bef.] A banker, or changer of money. [East
Indies]
Shroffage
Shroff"age (?), n. The examination of coins, and the separation of the
good from the debased. [East Indies]
Shrood
Shrood (?), v. t. [Cf. Shroud.] [Written also shroud, and shrowd.] To
trim; to lop. [Prov. Eng.]
Shroud
Shroud (?), n. [OE. shroud, shrud, schrud, AS. scr a garment,
clothing; akin to Icel. skru the shrouds of a ship, furniture of a
church, a kind of stuff, Sw. skrud dress, attire, and E. shred. See
Shred, and cf. Shrood.]
1. That which clothes, covers, conceals, or protects; a garment. Piers
Plowman.
Swaddled, as new born, in sable shrouds. Sandys.
2. Especially, the dress for the dead; a winding sheet. "A dead man in
his shroud." Shak.
3. That which covers or shelters like a shroud.
Jura answers through her misty shroud. Byron.
4. A covered place used as a retreat or shelter, as a cave or den;
also, a vault or crypt. [Obs.]
The shroud to which he won His fair-eyed oxen. Chapman.
A vault, or shroud, as under a church. Withals.
5. The branching top of a tree; foliage. [R.]
The Assyrian wad a cedar in Lebanon, with fair branches and with a
shadowing shroad. Ezek. xxxi. 3.
6. pl. (Naut.) A set of ropes serving as stays to support the masts.
The lower shrouds are secured to the sides of vessels by heavy iron
bolts and are passed around the head of the lower masts.
7. (Mach.) One of the two annular plates at the periphery of a water
wheel, which form the sides of the buckets; a shroud plate.
Bowsprit shrouds (Naut.), ropes extending from the head of the
bowsprit to the sides of the vessel. -- Futtock shrouds (Naut.), iron
rods connecting the topmast rigging with the lower rigging, passing
over the edge of the top. -- Shroud plate. (a) (Naut.) An iron plate
extending from the dead-eyes to the ship's side. Ham. Nav. Encyc. (b)
(Mach.) A shroud. See def. 7, above.
Shroud
Shroud, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shrouded; p. pr. & vb. n. Shrouding.] [Cf.
AS. scr. See Shroud, n.]
1. To cover with a shroud; especially, to inclose in a winding sheet;
to dress for the grave.
The ancient Egyptian mummies were shrouded in a number of folds of
linen besmeared with gums. Bacon.
2. To cover, as with a shroud; to protect completely; to cover so as
to conceal; to hide; to veil.
One of these trees, with all his young ones, may shroud four
hundred horsemen. Sir W. Raleigh.
Some tempest rise, And blow out all the stars that light the skies,
To shroud my shame. Dryden.
Shroud
Shroud, v. i. To take shelter or harbor. [Obs.]
If your stray attendance be yet lodged, Or shroud within these
limits. Milton.
Shroud
Shroud, v. t. To lop. See Shrood. [Prov. Eng.]
Shrouded
Shroud"ed, a. Provided with a shroud or shrouds. Shrouded gear
(Mach.), a cogwheel or pinion having flanges which form closed ends to
the spaces between the teeth and thus strengthen the teeth by tying
them together.
Shrouding
Shroud"ing, n. The shrouds. See Shroud, n., 7.
Shroud-laid
Shroud"-laid` (?), a. Composed of four strands, and laid right-handed
with a heart, or center; -- said of rope. See Illust. under Cordage.
Shroudless
Shroud"less, a. Without a shroud.
Shroudy
Shroud"y (?), a. Affording shelter. [R.] Milton.
Shrove
Shrove (?), imp. of Shrive. Shrove Sunday, Quinguagesima Sunday. --
Shrove Tuesday, the Tuesday following Quinguagesima Sunday, and
preceding the first day of Lent, or Ash Wednesday.
NOTE: It wa s fo rmerly cu stomary in England, on this day, for the
people to confess their sins to their parish priests, after which
they dined on pancakes, or fritters, and the occasion became one of
merriment. The bell rung on this day is popularly called Pancake
Bell, and the day itself Pancake Tuesday. P. Cyc.
Shrove
Shrove, v. i. To join in the festivities of Shrovetide; hence, to make
merry. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.
Shrovetide
Shrove"tide` (?), n. [From shrive to take a confession (OE. imp.
shrof, AS. scr\'bef) + tide.] The days immediately preceding Ash
Widnesday, especially the period between the evening before
Quinguagesima Sunday and the morning of Ash Wednesday.
Shroving
Shrov"ing, n. The festivity of Shrovetide. [Obs.]
Shrow
Shrow (?), n. A shrew. [Obs.] Shak.
Shrowd
Shrowd (?), v. t. See Shrood. [Prov. Eng.]
Shrub
Shrub (?), n. [Ar. shirb, shurb, a drink, beverage, fr. shariba to
drink. Cf. Sirup, Sherbet.] A liquor composed of vegetable acid,
especially lemon juice, and sugar, with spirit to preserve it.
Shrub
Shrub, n. [OE. schrob, AS. scrob, scrobb; akin to Norw. skrubba the
dwarf cornel tree.] (Bot.) A woody plant of less size than a tree, and
usually with several stems from the same root.
Shrub
Shrub, v. t. To lop; to prune. [Obs.] Anderson (1573).
Shrubbery
Shrub"ber*y (?), n.; pl. Shrubberies (.
1. A collection of shrubs.
2. A place where shrubs are planted. Macaulay.
Shrubbiness
Shrub"bi*ness (?), n. Quality of being shrubby.
Shrubby
Shrub"by (?), a. [Compar. Shrubbier (?); superl. Shrubbiest.]
1. Full of shrubs.
2. Of the nature of a shrub; resembling a shrub. "Shrubby browse." J.
Philips.
Shrubless
Shrub"less, a. having no shrubs. Byron.
Shruff
Shruff (?), n. [Cf. Scruff, Scurf.] Rubbish. Specifically: (a) Dross
or refuse of metals. [Obs.] (b) Light, dry wood, or stuff used for
fuel. [Prov. Eng.]
Shrug
Shrug (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shrugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shrugging
(?).] [Probably akin to shrink, p. p. shrunk; cf. Dan. skrugge,
skrukke, to stoop, dial. Sw. skrukka, skruga, to crouch.] To draw up
or contract (the shoulders), especially by way of expressing dislike,
dread, doubt, or the like.
He shrugs his shoulders when you talk of securities. Addison.
Shrug
Shrug, v. i. To raise or draw up the shoulders, as in expressing
dislike, dread, doubt, or the like.
They grin, they shrug. They bow, they snarl, they snatch, they hug.
Swift.
Shrug
Shrug, n. A drawing up of the shoulders, -- a motion usually
expressing dislike, dread, or doubt.
The Spaniards talk in dialogues Of heads and shoulders, nods and
shrugs. Hudibras.
Shrunken
Shrunk"en (?), p. p. & a. from Shrink.
Shuck
Shuck (?), n. A shock of grain. [Prev.Eng.]
Shuck
Shuck, n. [Perhaps akin to G. shote a husk, pod, shell.]
1. A shell, husk, or pod; especially, the outer covering of such nuts
as the hickory nut, butternut, peanut, and chestnut.
2. The shell of an oyster or clam. [U. S.]
Shuck
Shuck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shucked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shucking.] To
deprive of the shucks or husks; as, to shuck walnuts, Indian corn,
oysters, etc.
Shucker
Shuck"er (?), n. One who shucks oysters or clams
Shudder
Shud"der (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shuddered (?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Shuddering.] [OE. shoderen, schuderen; akin to LG. schuddern, D.
schudden to shake, OS. skuddian, G. schaudern to shudder, sch\'81tteln
to shake, sch\'81tten to pour, to shed, OHG. scutten, scuten, to
shake.] To tremble or shake with fear, horrer, or aversion; to shiver
with cold; to quake. "With shuddering horror pale." Milton.
The shuddering tennant of the frigid zone. Goldsmith.
Shudder
Shud"der, n. The act of shuddering, as with fear. Shak.
Shudderingly
Shud"der*ing*ly, adv. In a shuddering manner.
Shude
Shude (?), n. The husks and other refuse of rice mills, used to
adulterate oil cake, or linseed cake.
Shuffle
Shuf"fle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shuffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Shuffling (?).] [Originally the same word as scuffle, and properly a
freq. of shove. See Shove, and Scuffle.]
1. To shove one way and the other; to push from one to another; as, to
shuffle money from hand to hand.
2. To mix by pushing or shoving; to confuse; to throw into disorder;
especially, to change the relative positions of, as of the cards in a
pack.
A man may shuffle cards or rattle dice from noon to midnight
without tracing a new idea in his mind. Rombler.
3. To remove or introduce by artificial confusion.
It was contrived by your enemies, and shuffled into the papers that
were seizen. Dryden.
To shuffe off, to push off; to rid one's self of. -- To shuffe up, to
throw together in hastel to make up or form in confusion or with
fraudulent disorder; as, he shuffled up a peace.
Shuffle
Shuf"fle, v. i.
1. To change the relative position of cards in a pack; as, to shuffle
and cut.
2. To change one's position; to shift ground; to evade questions; to
resort to equivocation; to prevaricate.
I muself, . . . hiding mine honor in my necessity, am fain to
shuffle. Shak.
3. To use arts or expedients; to make shift.
Your life, good master, Must shuffle for itself. Shak.
4. To move in a slovenly, dragging manner; to drag or scrape the feet
in walking or dancing.
The aged creature came Shuffling along with ivory-headed wand.
Keats.
Syn. -- To equivicate; prevaricate; quibble; cavil; shift;
siphisticate; juggle.
Shuffle
Shuf"fle, n.
1. The act of shuffling; a mixing confusedly; a slovenly, dragging
motion.
The unguided agitation and rude shuffles of matter. Bentley.
2. A trick; an artifice; an evasion.
The gifts of nature are beyond all shame and shuffles. L'Estrange.
Shuffleboard
Shuf"fle*board` (?), n. See Shovelboard.
Shufflecap
Shuf"fle*cap` (?),.A play performed by shaking money in a hat or cap.
[R.] Arbuthnot.
Shuffler
Shuf"fler (?), n.
1. One who shuffles.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Either one of the three common American scaup ducks. See
Scaup duck, under Scaup.
Shufflewing
Shuf"fle*wing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hedg sparrow. [Prov. Eng.]
Shuffling
Shuf"fling (?), a.
1. Moving with a dragging, scraping step. "A shuffling nag." Shak.
2. Evasive; as, a shuffling excuse. T. Burnet.
Shuffling
Shuf"fling, v. In a shuffling manner.
Shug
Shug (?), v. i. [Cf. Shrug.]
1. To writhe the body so as to produce friction against one's clothes,
as do those who have the itch. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
2. Hence, to crawl; to sneak. [Obs.]
There I 'll shug in and get a noble countenance. Ford.
Shumac
Shu"mac (?), n. (Bot.) Sumac.
Shun
Shun (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shunned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shunning.]
[OE. shunien, schunien, schonien, AS. scunian, sceonian; cf. D.
schuinen to slepe, schuin oblique, sloping, Icel. skunda, skynda, to
hasten. Cf. Schooner, Scoundrel, Shunt.] To avoid; to keep clear of;
to get out of the way of; to escape from; to eschew; as, to shun
rocks, shoals, vice.
I am pure from the blood of all men. For I have not shunned to
declare unto you all the counsel of God. Acts xx. 26,27.
Scarcity and want shall shun you. Shak.
Syn. -- See Avoid.
Shunless
Shun"less, a. Not to be shunned; inevitable; unavoidable. [R.]
"Shunless destiny." Shak.
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Shunt
Shunt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shunted; p. pr. & vb. n. Shunting.]
[Prov. E., to move from, to put off, fr. OE. shunten, schunten,
schounten; cf. D. schuinte a slant, slope, Icel. skunda to hasten. Cf.
Shun.]
1. To shun; to move from. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
2. To cause to move suddenly; to give a sudden start to; to shove.
[Obs. or Prov.Eng.] Ash.
3. To turn off to one side; especially, to turn off, as a grain or a
car upon a side track; to switch off; to shift.
For shunting your late partner on to me. T. Hughes.
4. (Elec.) To provide with a shunt; as, to shunt a galvanometer.
Shunt
Shunt (?), v. i. To go aside; to turn off.
Shunt
Shunt, n. [Cf. D. schuinte slant, slope, declivity. See Shunt, v. t.]
1. (Railroad) A turning off to a side or short track, that the
principal track may be left free.
2. (Elec.) A conducting circuit joining two points in a conductor, or
the terminals of a galvanometer or dynamo, so as to form a parallel or
derived circuit through which a portion of the current may pass, for
the purpose of regulating the amount passing in the main circuit.
3. (Gunnery) The shifting of the studs on a projectile from the deep
to the shallow sides of the grooves in its discharge from a shunt gun.
Shunt dynamo (Elec.), a dynamo in which the field circuit is connected
with the main circuit so as to form a shunt to the letter, thus
employing a portion of the current from the armature to maintain the
field. -- Shunt gun, a firearm having shunt rifling. See under
Rifling.
Shunter
Shunt"er (?), n. (Railroad) A person employed to shunt cars from one
track to another.
Shut
Shut (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shut; p. pr. & vb. n. Shutting.] [OE.
shutten, schutten, shetten, schitten, AS. scyttan to shut or lock up
(akin to D. schutten, G. sch\'81tzen to protect), properly, to fasten
with a bolt or bar shot across, fr. AS. sce\'a2tan to shoot.
&root;159. See Shoot.]
1. To close so as to hinder ingress or egress; as, to shut a door or a
gate; to shut one's eyes or mouth.
2. To forbid entrance into; to prohibit; to bar; as, to shut the ports
of a country by a blockade.
Shall that be shut to man which to the beast Is open? Milton.
3. To preclude; to exclude; to bar out. "Shut from every shore."
Dryden.
4. To fold together; to close over, as the fingers; to close by
bringing the parts together; as, to shut the hand; to shut a book.
To shut in. (a) To inclose; to confine. "The Lord shut him in." Cen.
vii. 16. (b) To cover or intercept the view of; as, one point shuts in
another. -- To shut off. (a) To exclude. (b) To prevent the passage
of, as steam through a pipe, or water through a flume, by closing a
cock, valve, or gate. -- To shut out, to preclude from entering; to
deny admission to; to exclude; as, to shut out rain by a tight roof.
-- To shut together, to unite; to close, especially to close by
welding. -- To shut up. (a) To close; to make fast the entrances into;
as, to shut up a house. (b) To obstruct. "Dangerous rocks shut up the
passage." Sir W. Raleigh. (c) To inclose; to confine; to imprison; to
fasten in; as, to shut up a prisoner.
Before faith came, we were kept under the law, shut up unto the
faith which should afterwards be revealed. Gal. iii. 23.
(d) To end; to terminate; to conclude.
When the scene of life is shut up, the slave will be above his
master if he has acted better. Collier.
(e) To unite, as two pieces of metal by welding. (f) To cause to
become silent by authority, argument, or force.
Shut
Shut, v. i. To close itself; to become closed; as, the door shuts; it
shuts hard. To shut up, to cease speaking. [Colloq.] T. Hughes.
Shut
Shut, a.
1. Closed or fastened; as, a shut door.
2. Rid; clear; free; as, to get shut of a person. [Now dialectical or
local, Eng. & U.S.] L'Estrange.
3. (Phon.) (a) Formed by complete closure of the mouth passage, and
with the nose passage remaining closed; stopped, as are the mute
consonants, p, t, k, b, d, and hard g. H. Sweet. (b) Cut off sharply
and abruptly by a following consonant in the same syllable, as the
English short vowels, &acr;, &ecr;, &icr;, &ocr;, &urcr;, always are.
Shut
Shut, n. The act or time of shutting; close; as, the shut of a door.
Just then returned at shut of evening flowers. Milton.
2. A door or cover; a shutter. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton.
3. The line or place where two pieces of metal are united by welding.
Cold shut, the imperfection in a casting caused by the flowing of
liquid metal upon partially chilled metal; also, the imperfect weld in
a forging caused by the inadequate heat of one surface under working.
Shute
Shute (?), n. Same as Chute, or Shoot.
Shutter
Shut"ter (?), n.
1. One who shuts or closes.
2. A movable cover or screen for a window, designed to shut out the
light, to obstruct the view, or to be of some strength as a defense; a
blind.
3. A removable cover, or a gate, for closing an aperture of any kind,
as for closing the passageway for molten iron from a ladle.
Shuttered
Shut"tered (?), a. Furnished with shutters.
Shuttle
Shut"tle (?), n. [Also shittle, OE. schitel, scytyl, schetyl; cf. OE.
schitel a bolt of a door, AS. scyttes; all from AS. sce\'a2tan to
shoot; akin to Dan. skyttel, skytte, shuttle, dial. Sw. skyttel,
sk\'94ttel. &root;159. See Shoot, and cf. Shittle, Skittles.]
1. An instrument used in weaving for passing or shooting the thread of
the woof from one side of the cloth to the other between the threads
of the warp.
Like shuttles through the loom, so swiftly glide My feathered
hours. Sandys.
2. The sliding thread holder in a sewing machine, which carries the
lower thread through a loop of the upper thread, to make a lock
stitch.
3. A shutter, as for a channel for molten metal. [R.]
Shuttle box (Weaving), a case at the end of a shuttle race, to receive
the shuttle after it has passed the thread of the warp; also, one of a
set of compartments containing shuttles with different colored
threads, which are passed back and forth in a certain order, according
to the pattern of the cloth woven. -- Shutten race, a sort of shelf in
a loom, beneath the warp, along which the shuttle passes; a channel or
guide along which the shuttle passes in a sewing machine. -- Shuttle
shell (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of marine gastropods of
the genus Volva, or Radius, having a smooth, spindle-shaped shell
prolonged into a channel at each end.
Shuttle
Shut"tle (?), v. i. To move backwards and forwards, like a shuttle.
I had to fly far and wide, shutting athwart the big Babel, wherever
his calls and pauses had to be. Carlyle.
Shuttlecock
Shut"tle*cock` (?), n. A cork stuck with feathers, which is to be
struck by a battledoor in play; also, the play itself.
Shuttlecock
Shut"tle*cock, v. t. To send or toss to and fro; to bandy; as, to
shuttlecock words. Thackeray.
Shuttlecork
Shut"tle*cork` (?), n. See Shuttlecock.
Shuttlewise
Shut"tle*wise` (?), adv. Back and forth, like the movement of a
shuttle.
Shwan-pan
Shwan"-pan (?), n. See Schwan-pan.
Shy
Shy (?), a. [Compar. Shier (?) or Shyer; superl. Shiest or Shyest.]
[OE. schey, skey, sceouh, AS. sce\'a2h; akin to Dan. sky, Sw. skygg,
D. schuw, MHG. schiech, G. scheu, OHG. sciuhen to be or make timid.
Cf. Eschew.]
1. Easily frightened; timid; as, a shy bird.
The horses of the army . . . were no longer shy, but would come up
to my very feet without starting. Swift.
2. Reserved; coy; disinclined to familiar approach.
What makes you so shy, my good friend? There's nobody loves you
better than I. Arbuthnot.
The embarrassed look of shy distress And maidenly shamefacedness.
Wordsworth.
3. Cautious; wary; suspicious.
I am very shy of using corrosive liquors in the preparation of
medicines. Boyle.
Princes are, by wisdom of state, somewhat shy of thier successors.
Sir H. Wotton.
To fight shy. See under Fight, v. i.
Shy
Shy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Shied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Shying.] [From
Shy, a.] To start suddenly aside through fright or suspicion; -- said
especially of horses.
Shy
Shy, v. t. To throw sidewise with a jerk; to fling; as, to shy a
stone; to shy a slipper. T. Hughes.
Shy
Shy, n.
1. A sudden start aside, as by a horse.
2. A side throw; a throw; a fling. Thackeray.
If Lord Brougham gets a stone in his hand, he must, it seems, have
a shy at somebody. Punch.
Shyly
Shy"ly, adv. In a shy or timid manner; not familiarly; with reserve.
[Written also shily.]
Shyness
Shy"ness, n. The quality or state of being shy. [Written also
shiness.]
Frequency in heavenly contemplation is particularly important to
prevent a shyness bewtween God and thy soul. Baxter.
Syn. -- Bashfulness; reserve; coyness; timidity; diffidence. See
Bashfulness.
Shyster
Shy"ster (?), n. [Perh. from G. scheisse excrement.] A trickish knave;
one who carries on any business, especially legal business, in a mean
and dishonest way. [Slang, U.S.]
Si
Si (?). [It.] (Mus.) A syllable applied, in solmization, to the note
B; more recently, to the seventh tone of any major diatonic scale. It
was added to Guido's scale by Le Maire about the end of the 17th
century.<-- now called ti -->
Siaga
Si*a"ga (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The ahu, or jairou.
Sialogogue
Si*al"o*gogue (?), n. [Gr. si`alon saliva + sialagogue.] (Med.) An
agent which promotes the flow of saliva.
Siamang
Si"a*mang` (?), n. [Malay si\'bemang.] (Zool.) A gibbon (Hylobates
syndactylus), native of Sumatra. It has the second and third toes
partially united by a web.
Siamese
Si`a*mese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Siam, its native people, or
their language.
Siamese
Si`a*mese`, n. sing. & pl.
1. A native or inhabitant of Siam; pl., the people of Siam.
2. sing. The language of the Siamese.
Sib
Sib (?), n. [AS. sibb alliance, gesib a relative. &root;289. See
Gossip.] A blood relation. [Obs.] Nash.
Sib
Sib, a. Related by blood; akin. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir W.
Scott.
Your kindred is but . . . little sib to you. Chaucer.
[He] is no fairy birn, ne sib at all To elfs, but sprung of seed
terrestrial. Spenser.
Sibbens
Sib"bens (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Med.) A contagious disease,
endemic in Scotland, resembling the yaws. It is marked by ulceration
of the throat and nose and by pustules and soft fungous excrescences
upon the surface of the body. In the Orkneys the name is applied to
the itch. [Written also sivvens.]
Siberian
Si*be"ri*an (?), a. [From Siberia, Russ. Sibire.] Of or pertaining to
Siberia, a region comprising all northern Asia and belonging to
Russia; as, a Siberian winter. -- n. A native or inhabitant of
Siberia. Siberian crab (Bot.), the Siberian crab apple. See Crab
apple, under Crab. -- Siberian dog (Zo\'94l.), one of a large breed of
dogs having erect ears and the hair of the body and tail very long. It
is distinguished for endurance of fatigue when used for the purpose of
draught. -- Siberian pea tree (Bot.), a small leguminous tree (Cragana
arborescens) with yellow flowers. It is a native of Siberia.
Sibilance, Sibilancy
Sib"i*lance (?), Sib"i*lan*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being
sibilant; sibilation.
Milton would not have avoided them for their sibilancy, he who
wrote . . . verses that hiss like Medusa's head in wrath. Lowell.
Sibilant
Sib"i*lant (?), a. [L. sibilans, -antis, p. pr. of sibilare to hiss:
cf. F. sibilant.] Making a hissing sound; uttered with a hissing
sound; hissing; as, s, z, sh, and zh, are sibilant elementary sounds.
-- n. A sibiliant letter.
Sibilate
Sib"i*late (?), v. t. & i. To pronounce with a hissing sound, like
that of the letter s; to mark with a character indicating such
pronunciation.
Sibilation
Sib`i*la"tion (?), n. [L. sibilatio.] Utterance with a hissing sound;
also, the sound itself; a hiss.
He, with a long, low sibilation, stared. Tennyson.
Sibilatory
Sib"i*la*to*ry (?), a. Hissing; sibilant.
Sibilous
Sib"i*lous (?), a. [L. sibilus.] Having a hissing sound; hissing;
sibilant. [R.] Pennant.
Sibyl
Sib"yl (?), n. [L. sibylla, Gr.
1. (Class. Antiq.) A woman supposed to be endowed with a spirit of
prophecy.
NOTE: &hand; Th e nu mber of th e si byls is va riously stated by
different authors; but the opinion of Varro, that there were ten,
is generally adopted. They dwelt in various parts of Persia,
Greece, and Italy.
2. A female fortune teller; a pythoness; a prophetess. "An old
highland sibyl." Sir W. Scott.
Sibylist
Sib"yl*ist, n. One who believes in a sibyl or the sibylline
prophecies. Cudworth.
Sibylline
Sib"yl*line (?), a. [L. sibyllinus.] Pertaining to the sibyls;
uttered, written, or composed by sibyls; like the productions of
sibyls. Sibylline books. (a) (Rom. Antiq.) Books or documents of
prophecies in verse concerning the fate of the Roman empire, said to
have been purchased by Tarquin the Proud from a sibyl. (b) Certain
Jewish and early Christian writings purporting to have been prophetic
and of sibylline origin. They date from 100 b. c. to a. d. 500.
Sic
Sic (?), a. Such. [Scot.]
Sic
Sic (?), adv. [L.] Thus.
NOTE: &hand; Th is word is sometimes inserted in a quotation [sic],
to call attention to the fact that some remarkable or inaccurate
expression, misspelling, or the like, is literally reproduced.
Sicamore
Sic"a*more (?), n. (Bot.) See Sycamore.
Sicca
Sic"ca (?), n. [Ar. sikka.] A seal; a coining die; -- used adjectively
to designate the silver currency of the Mogul emperors, or the Indian
rupee of 192 grains. Sicca rupee, an East Indian coin, valued
nominally at about two shillings sterling, or fifty cents.
Siccate
Sic"cate (?), v. t. [L. siccatus, p. p. of siccare to dry, fr. siecus
dry.] To dry. [R.]
Siccation
Sic*ca"tion (?), n. [L. siccatio.] The act or process of drying. [R.]
Bailey.
Siccative
Sic"ca*tive (?), a. [L. siccativus.] Drying; causing to dry. -- n.
That which promotes drying.
Siccific
Sic*cif"ic (?), a.[L. siccificus; siccus dry + facere to make. See
-fy.] Causing dryness.
Siccity
Sic"ci*ty (?), n. [L. siccitas, fr. siccus dry.] Dryness; aridity;
destitution of moisture. [Obs.]
The siccity and dryness of its flesh. Sir T. Browne.
Sice
Sice (?), n. [F. six, fr. L. sex six. See Six.] The number six at
dice.
Sicer
Si"cer (?), n. [L. sicera. See Cider.] A strong drink; cider. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Sich
Sich (?), a. Such. [Obs. or Colloq.] Spenser.
Sicilian
Si*cil"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Sicily or its inhabitants.
Sicilian vespers, the great massacre of the French in Sicily, in the
year 1282, on the evening of Easter Monday, at the hour of vespers.
Sicilian
Si*cil"i*an, n. A native or inhabitant of Sicily.
Siciliano
Si*ci`li*a"no (?), n. [It., Sicilian.] A Sicilian dance, resembling
the pastorale, set to a rather slow and graceful melody in 12-8 or 6-8
measure; also, the music to the dance.
Sicilienne
Si`ci`lienne" (?), n. [F., fem. of sicilien Sicilian.] A kind of rich
poplin.
Sick
Sick (?), a. [Compar. Sicker (?); superl. Sickest.] [OE. sek, sik,
ill, AS. se\'a2c; akin to OS. siok, seoc, OFries. siak, D. ziek, G.
siech, OHG. sioh, Icel. sj, Sw. sjuk, Dan. syg, Goth. siuks ill,
siukan to be ill.]
1. Affected with disease of any kind; ill; indisposed; not in health.
See the Synonym under Illness.
Simon's wife's mother lay sick of a fever. Mark i. 30.
Behold them that are sick with famine. Jer. xiv. 18.
2. Affected with, or attended by, nausea; inclined to vomit; as, sick
at the stomach; a sick headache.
3. Having a strong dislike; disgusted; surfeited; -- with of; as, to
be sick of flattery.
He was not so sick of his master as of his work. L'Estrange.
4. Corrupted; imperfect; impaired; weakned.
So great is his antipathy against episcopacy, that, if a seraphim
himself should be a bishop, he would either find or make some sick
feathers in his wings. Fuller.
Sick bay (Naut.), an apartment in a vessel, used as the ship's
hospital. -- Sick bed, the bed upon which a person lies sick. -- Sick
berth, an apartment for the sick in a ship of war. -- Sick headache
(Med.), a variety of headache attended with disorder of the stomach
and nausea. -- Sick list, a list containing the names of the sick. --
Sick room, a room in which a person lies sick, or to which he is
confined by sickness.
NOTE: [These te rms, si ck be d, sick berth, etc., are also written
both hyphened and solid.]
Syn. -- Diseased; ill; disordered; distempered; indisposed; weak;
ailing; feeble; morbid.
Sick
Sick, n. Sickness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sick
Sick, v. i. To fall sick; to sicken. [Obs.] Shak.
Sick-brained
Sick"-brained` (?), a. Disordered in the brain.
Sicken
Sick"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sickened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sickening.]
1. To make sick; to disease.
Raise this strength, and sicken that to death. Prior.
2. To make qualmish; to nauseate; to disgust; as, to sicken the
stomach.
3. To impair; to weaken. [Obs.] Shak.
Sicken
Sick"en, v. i.
1. To become sick; to fall into disease.
The judges that sat upon the jail, and those that attended,
sickened upon it and died. Bacon.
2. To be filled to disgust; to be disgusted or nauseated; to be filled
with abhorrence or aversion; to be surfeited or satiated.
Mine eyes did sicken at the sight. Shak.
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3. To become disgusting or tedious.
The toiling pleasure sickens into pain. Goldsmith.
4. To become weak; to decay; to languish.
All pleasures sicken, and all glories sink. Pope.
Sickening
Sick"en*ing (?), a. Causing sickness; specif., causing surfeit or
disgust; nauseating. -- Sick"en*ing*ly, adv.
Sicker
Sick"er (?), v. i. [AS. sicerian.] (Mining) To percolate, trickle, or
ooze, as water through a crack. [Also written sigger, zigger, and
zifhyr.] [Prov. Eng.]
Sicker, Siker
Sick"er, Sik"er, a. [OE. siker; cf. OS. sikur, LG. seker, D. zeker,
Dan. sikker, OHG. sihhur, G. sicher; all fr. L. securus. See Secure,
Sure.] Sure; certain; trusty. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Burns.
When he is siker of his good name. Chaucer.
Sicker, Siker
Sick"er, Sik"er, adv. Surely; certainly. [Obs.]
Believe this as siker as your creed. Chaucer.
Sicker, Willye, thou warnest well. Spenser.
Sickerly, Sikerly
Sick"er*ly, Sik"er*ly, adv. Surely; securely. [Obs.]
But sikerly, withouten any fable. Chaucer.
Sickerness, Sikerness
Sick"er*ness, Sik"er*ness, n. The quality or state of being sicker, or
certain. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
Sickish
Sick"ish, a.
1. Somewhat sick or diseased.
2. Somewhat sickening; as, a sickish taste. -- Sick"ish*ly, adv. --
Sick"ish*ness, n.
Sickle
Sic"kle (?), n. [OE. sikel, AS. sicol; akin to D. sikkel, G. sichel,
OHG. sihhila, Dan. segel, segl, L. secula, fr. secare to cut; or
perhaps from L. secula. See Saw a cutting instrument.]
1. A reaping instrument consisting of a steel blade curved into the
form of a hook, and having a handle fitted on a tang. The sickle has
one side of the blade notched, so as always to sharpen with a serrated
edge. Cf. Reaping hook, under Reap.
When corn has once felt the sickle, it has no more benefit from the
sunshine. Shak.
2. (Astron.) A group of stars in the constellation Leo. See Illust. of
Leo.
Sickle pod (Bot.), a kind of rock cress (Arabis Canadensis) having
very long curved pods.
Sicklebill
Sic"kle*bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of three species of
humming birds of the genus Eutoxeres, native of Central and South
America. They have a long and strongly curved bill. Called also the
sickle-billed hummer. (b) A curlew. (c) A bird of the genus Epimachus
and allied genera.
Sickled
Sic"kled (?), a. Furnished with a sickle.
Sickleman
Sic"kle*man (?), n.; pl. Sicklemen (. One who uses a sickle; a reaper.
You sunburned sicklemen, of August weary. Shak.
Sickler
Sic"kler (?), n. One who uses a sickle; a sickleman; a reaper.
Sickless
Sick"less (?), a. Free from sickness. [R.]
Give me long breath, young beds, and sickless ease. Marston.
Sicklewort
Sic"kle*wort` (?), n. [AS. sicolwyrt.] (Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus
Coronilla (C. scorpioides); -- so named from its curved pods. (b) The
healall (Brunella vulgaris).
Sicklied
Sick"lied (?), a. Made sickly. See Sickly, v.
Sickliness
Sick"li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sickly.
Sickly
Sick"ly (?), a. [Compar. Sicklier (?); superl. Sickliest.]
1. Somewhat sick; disposed to illness; attended with disease; as, a
sickly body.
This physic but prolongs thy sickly days. Shak.
2. Producing, or tending to, disease; as, a sickly autumn; a sickly
climate. Cowper.
3. Appearing as if sick; weak; languid; pale.
The moon grows sickly at the sight of day. Dryden.
Nor torrid summer's sickly smile. Keble.
4. Tending to produce nausea; sickening; as, a sickly smell; sickly
sentimentality. Syn. -- Diseased; ailing; infirm; weakly; unhealthy;
healthless; weak; feeble; languid; faint.
Sickly
Sick"ly, adv. In a sick manner or condition; ill.
My people sickly [with ill will] beareth our marriage. Chaucer.
Sickly
Sick"ly, v. t. To make sick or sickly; -- with over, and probably only
in the past participle. [R.]
Sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought. Shak.
Sentiments sicklied over . . . with that cloying heaviness into
which unvaried sweetness is too apt to subside. Jeffrey.
Sickness
Sick"ness, n. [AS. se\'a2cness.]
1. The quality or state of being sick or diseased; illness; sisease or
malady.
I do lament the sickness of the king. Shak.
Trust not too much your now resistless charms; Those, age or
sickness soon or late disarms. Pope.
2. Nausea; qualmishness; as, sickness of stomach. Syn. -- Illness;
disease; malady. See Illness.
Sicle
Si"cle (?), n. [F., fr. L. silcus, Heb. shegel. See Shekel.] A shekel.
[Obs.]
The holy mother brought five sicles and a pair of turtledoves to
redeem the Lamb of God. Jer. Taylor.
Sida
Si"da (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of malvaceous plants common
in the tropics. All the species are mucilaginous, and some have tough
ligneous fibers which are used as a substitute for hemp and flax.
Balfour (Cyc. of India).
Siddow
Sid"dow (?), a. Soft; pulpy. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Side
Side (?), n. [AS. s\'c6de; akin to D. zijde, G. seite, OHG. s\'c6ta,
Icel. s\'c6, Dan. side, Sw. sida; cf. AS. s\'c6d large, spacious,
Icel. s\'c6 long, hanging.]
1. The margin, edge, verge, or border of a surface; especially (when
the thing spoken of is somewhat oblong in shape), one of the longer
edges as distinguished from the shorter edges, called ends; a bounding
line of a geometrical figure; as, the side of a field, of a square or
triangle, of a river, of a road, etc.
3. Any outer portion of a thing considered apart from, and yet in
relation to, the rest; as, the upper side of a sphere; also, any part
or position viewed as opposite to or contrasted with another; as, this
or that side. <-- any part of the surface which can be viewed from one
vantage point. -->
Looking round on every side beheld A pathless desert. Milton.
4. (a) One of the halves of the body, of an animals or man, on either
side of the mesial plane; or that which pertains to such a half; as, a
side of beef; a side of sole leather. (b) The right or left part of
the wall or trunk of the body; as, a pain in the side.
One of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side. John xix. 34.
5. A slope or declivity, as of a hill, considered as opposed to
another slope over the ridge.
Along the side of yon small hill. Milton.
6. The position of a person or party regarded as opposed to another
person or party, whether as a rival or a foe; a body of advocates or
partisans; a party; hence, the interest or cause which one maintains
against another; a doctrine or view opposed to another.
God on our side, doubt not of victory. Shak.
We have not always been of the . . . same side in politics. Landor.
Sets the passions on the side of truth. Pope.
7. A line of descent traced through one parent as distinguished from
that traced through another.
To sit upon thy father David's throne, By mother's side thy father.
Milton.
8. Fig.: Aspect or part regarded as contrasted with some other; as,
the bright side of poverty.
By the side of, close at hand; near to. -- Exterior side. (Fort.) See
Exterior, and Illust. of Ravelin. -- Interior side (Fort.), the line
drawn from the center of one bastion to that of the next, or the line
curtain produced to the two oblique radii in front. H. L. Scott. --
Side by side, close together and abreast; in company or along with. --
To choose sides, to select those who shall compete, as in a game, on
either side. -- To take sides, to attach one's self to, or give
assistance to, one of two opposing sides or parties.
Side
Side (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a side, or the sides; being on the side, or
toward the side; lateral.
One mighty squadron with a side wind sped. Dryden.
2. Hence, indirect; oblique; collateral; incidental; as, a side issue;
a side view or remark.
The law hath no side respect to their persons. Hooker.
3. [AS. s\'c6d. Cf Side, n.] Long; large; extensive. [Obs. or Scot.]
Shak.
His gown had side sleeves down to mid leg. Laneham.
Side action, in breech-loading firearms, a mechanism for operating the
breech block, which is moved by a lever that turns sidewise. -- Side
arms, weapons worn at the side, as sword, bayonet, pistols, etc. --
Side ax, an ax of which the handle is bent to one side. -- Side-bar
rule (Eng. Law.), a rule authorized by the courts to be granted by
their officers as a matter of course, without formal application being
made to them in open court; -- so called because anciently moved for
by the attorneys at side bar, that is, informally. Burril. -- Side
box, a box or inclosed seat on the side of a theater.
To insure a side-box station at half price. Cowper.
-- Side chain, one of two safety chains connecting a tender with a
locomotive, at the sides. -- Side cut, a canal or road branching out
from the main one. [U.S.] -- Side dish, one of the dishes subordinate
to the main course. -- Side glance, a glance or brief look to one
side. -- Side hook (Carp.), a notched piece of wood for clamping a
board to something, as a bench. -- Side lever, a working beam of a
side-lever engine. -- Side-lever engine, a marine steam engine having
a working beam of each side of the cylinder, near the bottom of the
engine, communicating motion to a crank that is above them. -- Side
pipe (Steam Engine), a steam or exhaust pipe connecting the upper and
lower steam chests of the cylinder of a beam engine. -- Side plane, a
plane in which the cutting edge of the iron is at the side of the
stock. -- Side posts (Carp.), posts in a truss, usually placed in
pairs, each post set at the same distance from the middle of the
truss, for supporting the principal rafters, hanging the tiebeam, etc.
-- Side rod. (a) One of the rods which connect the piston-rod
crosshead with the side levers, in a side-lever engine. (b) See
Parallel rod, under Parallel. -- Side screw (Firearms), one of the
screws by which the lock is secured to the side of a firearm stock. --
Side table, a table placed either against the wall or aside from the
principal table. -- Side tool (Mach.), a cutting tool, used in a lathe
or planer, having the cutting edge at the side instead of at the
point. -- Side wind, a wind from one side; hence, an indirect attack,
or indirect means. Wright.
Side
Side, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sided; p. pr.& vb. n. Siding.]
1. To lean on one side. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. To embrace the opinions of one party, or engage in its interest, in
opposition to another party; to take sides; as, to side with the
ministerial party.
All side in parties, and begin the attack. Pope.
Side
Side, v. t.
1. To be or stand at the side of; to be on the side toward. [Obs.]
His blind eye that sided Paridell. Spenser.
2. To suit; to pair; to match. [Obs.] Clarendon.
3. (Shipbuilding) To work (a timber or rib) to a certain thickness by
trimming the sides.
4. To furnish with a siding; as, to side a house.
Sideboard
Side"board` (?), n. A piece of dining-room furniture having
compartments and shelves for keeping or displaying articles of table
service.
At a stately sideboard, by the wine, That fragrant smell diffused.
Milton.
Sidebone
Side"bone` (?), n. (Far.) A morbid growth or deposit of bony matter
and at the sides of the coronet and coffin bone of a horse. J. H.
Walsh.
Sided
Sid"ed (?), a. Having (such or so many) sides; -- used in composition;
as, one-sided; many-sided.
Sidehill
Side"hill` (?), n. The side or slope of a hill; sloping ground; a
descent. [U. S.]
Sideling
Side"ling (?), adv. [OE. sideling, fr. side side. See Side, and cf.
Sidelong, Headlong.] Sidelong; on the side; laterally; also,
obliquely; askew.
A fellow nailed up maps . . . some sideling, and others upside
down. Swift.
Sideling
Side"ling, a. Inclining to one sidel directed toward one side;
sloping; inclined; as, sideling ground.
Sidelong
Side"long` (?), adv. [See Sideling, adv.]
1. Laterally; obliquely; in the direction of the side.
2. On the side; as, to lay a thing sidelong.
NOTE: [See Sideling, adv. ]
Evelyn.
Sidelong
Side"long`, a. Lateral; oblique; not being directly in front; as, a
sidelong glance.
The bashful virgin's sidelong looks of love. Goldsmith.
Sidepiece
Side"piece` (?), n. (Joinery) The jamb, or cheek, of an opening in a
wall, as of door or window.
Sider
Sid"er (?), n. One who takes a side.
Sider
Si"der (?), n. Cider. [Obs.]
Sideral
Sid"er*al (?), a. [L. sideralis. See Sidereal.]
1. Relating to the stars.
2. (Astrol.) Affecting unfavorably by the supposed influence of the
stars; baleful. "Sideral blast." Milton.
Siderated
Sid"er*a`ted (?), a. [L. sideratus, p. p. of siderari to be blasted by
a constellation, fr. sidus, sideris, a constellation.] Planet-struck;
blasted. [Obs.]
Sideration
Sid`er*a"tion, n. [L. sideratio.] The state of being siderated, or
planet-struck; esp., blast in plants; also, a sudden and apparently
causeless stroke of disease, as in apoplexy or paralysis. [Obs.] Ray.
Sidereal
Si*de"re*al (?), a. [L. sidereus, from sidus, sideris, a
constellation, a star. Cf. Sideral, Consider, Desire.]
1. Relating to the stars; starry; astral; as, sidereal astronomy.
2. (Astron.) Measuring by the apparent motion of the stars;
designated, marked out, or accompanied, by a return to the same
position in respect to the stars; as, the sidereal revolution of a
planet; a sidereal day.
Sidereal clock, day, month, year. See under Clock, Day, etc. --
Sideral time, time as reckoned by sideral days, or, taking the
sidereal day as the unit, the time elapsed since a transit of the
vernal equinox, reckoned in parts of a sidereal day. This is,
strictly, apparent sidereal time, mean sidereal time being reckoned
from the transit, not of the true, but of the mean, equinoctial point.
Siderealize
Si*de"re*al*ize (?), v. t. To elevate to the stars, or to the region
of the stars; to etherealize.
German literature transformed, siderealized, as we see it in
Goethe, reckons Winckelmann among its initiators. W. Pater.
Sidereous
Si*de"re*ous (?), a. [L. sidereus.] Sidereal. [Obs.]
Siderite
Sid"er*ite, n. [L. sideritis loadstone, Gr.
1. (Min.) (a) Carbonate of iron, an important ore of iron occuring
generally in cleavable masses, but also in rhombohedral crystals. It
is of a light yellowish brown color. Called also sparry iron, spathic
iron. (b) A meteorite consisting solely of metallic iron. (c) An
indigo-blue variety of quartz. (d) Formerly, magnetic iron ore, or
loadstone.
2. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Sideritis; ironwort.
Siderographic, Siderographical
Sid`er*o*graph"ic (?), Sid`er*o*graph"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining
to siderography; executed by engraved plates of steel; as,
siderographic art; siderographic impressions.
Siderographist
Sid`er*og"ra*phist (?), n. One skilled in siderography.
Siderography
Sid`er*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] The art or practice of steel
engraving; especially, the process, invented by Perkins, of
multiplying facsimiles of an engraved steel plate by first rolling
over it, when hardened, a soft steel cylinder, and then rolling the
cylinder, when hardened, over a soft steel plate, which thus becomes a
facsimile of the original. The process has been superseded by
electrotypy.
Siderolite
Sid"er*o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] A kind of meteorite. See under
Meteorite.
Sideromancy
Sid"er*o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by burning straws on
red-hot iron, and noting the manner of their burning. Craig.
Sideroscope
Sid"er*o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] An instrument for detecting small
quantities of iron in any substance by means of a very delicate
combination of magnetic needles.
Siderosis
Sid`e*ro"sis (?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A sort of pneumonia occuring
in iron workers, produced by the inhalation of particles of iron.
Siderostat
Sid"er*o*stat (?), n. [L. sidus, sideris, a star + Gr. (Astron.) An
apparatus consisting essentially of a mirror moved by clockwork so as
to throw the rays of the sun or a star in a fixed direction; -- a more
general term for heliostat.
Sideroxylon
Sid`e*rox"y*lon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of tropical
sapotaceous trees noted for their very hard wood; ironwood.
Sidesaddle
Side"sad`dle (?), n. A saddle for women, in which the rider sits with
both feet on one side of the animal mounted. Sidesaddle flower (Bot.),
a plant with hollow leaves and curiously shaped flowers; -- called
also huntsman's cup. See Sarracenia.
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Sidesman
Sides"man (?), n.; pl. Sidesmen (.
1. A party man; a partisan. Milton.
2. An assistant to the churchwarden; a questman.
Side-taking
Side"-tak`ing (?), n. A taking sides, as with a party, sect, or
faction. Bp. Hall.
Sidewalk
Side"walk` (?), n. A walk for foot passengers at the side of a street
or road; a foot pavement. [U.S.]
Sideways
Side"ways` (?), adv. Toward the side; sidewise.
A second refraction made sideways. Sir I. Newton.
His beard, a good palm's length, at least, . . . Shot sideways,
like a swallow's wings. Longfellow.
Side-wheel
Side"-wheel`, a. Having a paddle wheel on each side; -- said of steam
vessels; as, a side-wheel steamer.
Sidewinder
Side"wind`er (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) See Horned rattler, under Horned.
2. A heavy swinging blow from the side, which disables an adversary.
[Slang.]
Sidewise
Side"wise` (?), adv. On or toward one side; laterally; sideways.
I saw them mask their awful glance Sidewise meek in gossamer lids.
Emerson.
<-- the informal name of a specific type of heat-seeking air-to-air
missile. Also, sidewinder missile. -->
Siding
Sid"ing (?), n.
1. Attaching one's self to a party.
2. A side track, as a railroad; a turnout.
3. (Carp.) The covering of the outside wall of a frame house, whether
made of weatherboards, vertical boarding with cleats, shingles, or the
like.
4. (Shipbuilding) The thickness of a rib or timber, measured, at right
angles with its side, across the curved edge; as, a timber having a
siding of ten inches.
Sidle
Si"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sidled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sidling
(?).] [From Side.] To go or move with one side foremost; to move
sidewise; as, to sidle through a crowd or narrow opening. Swift.
He . . . then sidled close to the astonished girl. Sir W. Scott.
Siege
Siege (?), n. [OE. sege, OF. siege, F. si\'8age a seat, a siege; cf.
It. seggia, seggio, zedio, a seat, asseggio, assedio, a siege, F.
assi\'82ger to besiege, It. & LL. assediare, L. obsidium a siege,
besieging; all ultimately fr. L. sedere to sit. See Sit, and cf. See,
n.]
1. A seat; especially, a royal seat; a throne. [Obs.] "Upon the very
siege of justice." Shak.
A stately siege of sovereign majesty, And thereon sat a woman
gorgeous gay. Spenser.
In our great hall there stood a vacant chair . . . And Merlin
called it "The siege perilous." Tennyson.
2. Hence, place or situation; seat. [Obs.]
Ah! traitorous eyes, come out of your shameless siege forever.
Painter (Palace of Pleasure).
3. Rank; grade; station; estimation. [Obs.]
I fetch my life and being From men of royal siege. Shak.
4. Passage of excrements; stool; fecal matter. [Obs.]
The siege of this mooncalf. Shak.
5. The sitting of an army around or before a fortified place for the
purpose of compelling the garrison to surrender; the surrounding or
investing of a place by an army, and approaching it by passages and
advanced works, which cover the besiegers from the enemy's fire. See
the Note under Blockade.
6. Hence, a continued attempt to gain possession.
Love stood the siege, and would not yield his breast. Dryden.
7. The floor of a glass-furnace.
8. A workman's bench. Knught.
Siege gun, a heavy gun for siege operations. -- Siege train, artillery
adapted for attacking fortified places.
Siege
Siege, v. t. To besiege; to beset. [R.]
Through all the dangers that can siege The life of man. Buron.
Siegework
Siege"work` (?), n. A temporary fort or parallel where siege guns are
mounted.
Siemens-Martin process
Sie"mens-Mar`tin proc"ess (?). See Open-hearth process, etc., under
Open.
Sienite
Si"e*nite (?), n. (Min.) See Syenite.
Sienitic
Si`e*nit"ic (?), a. See Syenitic.
Sienna
Si*en"na (?), n. [It. terra di Siena, fr. Siena in Italy.] (Chem.)
Clay that is colored red or brown by the oxides of iron or manganese,
and used as a pigment. It is used either in the raw state or burnt.
Burnt sienna, sienna made of a much redder color by the action of
fire. -- Raw sienna, sienna in its natural state, of a transparent
yellowish brown color.
Siennese
Si`en*nese" (?), a. Of or pertaining to Sienna, a city of Italy.
Sierra
Si*er"ra (?), n. [Sp., properly, a saw, fr. L. serra a saw. See
Serrate.] A ridge of mountain and craggy rocks, with a serrated or
irregular outline; as, the Sierra Nevada.
The wild sierra overhead. Whitter.
Siesta
Si*es"ta (?), n. [Sp., probably fr. L. sessitare to sit much or long,
v. freq. of sedere, sessum, to sit. See Sit.] A short sleep taken
about the middle of the day, or after dinner; a midday nap.
Sieur
Sieur (?), n. [F., abbrev. from seigneur. Cf. Monsieur, Seignior.]
Sir; -- a title of respect used by the French.
Sieva
Sie"va (?), n. (Bot.) A small variety of the Lima bean (Phaseolus
lunatus).
Sieve
Sieve (?), n. [OE. sive, AS. sife; akin to D. zeef, zift, OHG. sib, G.
sieb. &root;151a. Cf. Sift.]
1. A utensil for separating the finer and coarser parts of a
pulverized or granulated substance from each other. It consist of a
vessel, usually shallow, with the bottom perforated, or made of hair,
wire, or the like, woven in meshes. "In a sieve thrown and sifted."
Chaucer.
2. A kind of coarse basket. Simmonds.
Sieve cells (Bot.), cribriform cells. See under Cribriform.
Sifac
Si"fac (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The white indris of Madagascar. It is
regarded by the natives as sacred.
Sifflement
Sif"fle*ment (?), n. [F., a whistling or hissing.] The act of
whistling or hissing; a whistling sound; sibilation. [Obs.] A. Brewer.
Sifilet
Sif"i*let (?), n. [Cf. F. siflet.] (Zo\'94l.) The six-shafted bird of
paradise. See Paradise bird, under Paradise.
Sift
Sift (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sifting.] [AS.
siftan, from sife sieve. &root;151a. See Sieve.]
1. To separate with a sieve, as the fine part of a substance from the
coarse; as, to sift meal or flour; to sift powder; to sift sand or
lime.
2. To separate or part as if with a sieve.
When yellow sands are sifted from below, The glittering billows
give a golden show. Dryden.
3. To examine critically or minutely; to scrutinize.
Sifting the very utmost sentence and syllable. Hooker.
Opportunity I here have had To try thee, sift thee. Milton.
Let him but narrowly sift his ideas. I. Taylor.
To sift out, to search out with care, as if by sifting.
Sifter
Sift"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, sifts.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any lamellirostral bird, as a duck or goose; -- so
called because it sifts or strains its food from the water and mud by
means of the lamell
Sig
Sig (?), n. [Akin to AS. s\'c6gan to fall. &root;151a. See Sink, v.
t.] Urine. [Prov. Eng.]
Sigaultian
Si*gaul"ti*an (?), a. (Surg.) Pertaining to Sigault, a French
physician. See Symphyseotomy.
Sigger
Sig"ger, v. i. Same as Sicker. [Prov. Eng.]
Sigh
Sigh (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sighed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sighing.]
[OE. sighen, si; cf. also OE. siken, AS. s\'c6can, and OE. sighten,
si, sichten, AS. siccettan; all, perhaps, of imitative origin.]
1. To inhale a larger quantity of air than usual, and immediately
expel it; to make a deep single audible respiration, especially as the
result or involuntary expression of fatigue, exhaustion, grief,
sorrow, or the like.
2. Hence, to lament; to grieve.
He sighed deeply in his spirit. Mark viii. 12.
3. To make a sound like sighing.
And the coming wind did roar more loud, And the sails did sigh like
sedge. Coleridge.
The winter winds are wearily sighing. Tennyson.
NOTE: &hand; An extraordinary pronunciation of this word as s\'c6th
is still heard in England and among the illiterate in the United
States.
Sigh
Sigh, v. t.
1. To exhale (the breath) in sighs.
Never man sighed truer breath. Shak.
2. To utter sighs over; to lament or mourn over.
Ages to come, and men unborn, Shall bless her name, and sigh her
fate. Pior.
3. To express by sighs; to utter in or with sighs.
They . . . sighed forth proverbs. Shak.
The gentle swain . . . sighs back her grief. Hoole.
Sigh
Sigh, n. [OE. sigh; cf. OE. sik. See Sigh, v. i.]
1. A deep and prolonged audible inspiration or respiration of air, as
when fatigued or grieved; the act of sighing.
I could drive the boat with my sighs. Shak.
2. Figuratively, a manifestation of grief; a lan
With their sighs the air Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite.
Milton.
Sigh-born
Sigh"-born` (?), a. Sorrowful; mournful. [R.] "Sigh-born thoughts." De
Quincey.
Sigher
Sigh"er (?), n. One who sighs.
Sighing
Sigh"ing, a. Uttering sighs; grieving; lamenting. "Sighing millions."
Cowper. -- Sigh"ing*ly, adv.
Sight
Sight (?), n. [OE. sight, si, siht, AS. siht, gesiht, gesih, gesieh,
gesyh; akin to D. gezicht, G. sicht, gesicht, Dan. sigte, Sw. sigt,
from the root of E. see. See See, v. t.]
1. The act of seeing; perception of objects by the eye; view; as, to
gain sight of land.
A cloud received him out of their sight. Acts. i. 9.
2. The power of seeing; the faculty of vision, or of perceiving
objects by the instrumentality of the eyes.
Thy sight is young, And thou shalt read when mine begin to dazzle.
Shak.
O loss of sight, of thee I most complain! Milton.
3. The state of admitting unobstructed vision; visibility; open view;
region which the eye at one time surveys; space through which the
power of vision extends; as, an object within sight.
4. A spectacle; a view; a show; something worth seeing.
Moses said, I will now turn aside and see this great sight, why the
bush is not burnt. Ex. iii. 3.
They never saw a sight so fair. Spenser.
5. The instrument of seeing; the eye.
Why cloud they not their sights? Shak.
6. Inspection; examination; as, a letter intended for the sight of
only one person.
7. Mental view; opinion; judgment; as, in their sight it was harmless.
Wake.
That which is highly esteemed among men is abomination in the sight
of God. Luke xvi. 15.
8. A small aperture through which objects are to be seen, and by which
their direction is settled or ascertained; as, the sight of a
quadrant.
Thier eyes of fire sparking through sights of steel. Shak.
9. A small piece of metal, fixed or movable, on the breech, muzzle,
center, or trunnion of a gun, or on the breech and the muzzle of a
rifle, pistol, etc., by means of which the eye is guided in aiming.
Farrow.
10. In a drawing, picture, etc., that part of the surface, as of paper
or canvas, which is within the frame or the border or margin. In a
frame or the like, the open space, the opening.
11. A great number, quantity, or sum; as, a sight of money. [Now
colloquial]
NOTE: &hand; Si ght in this last sense was formerly employed in the
best usage. "A sight of lawyers."
Latimer.
A wonder sight of flowers. Gower.
At sight, as soon as seen, or presented to sight; as, a draft payable
at sight: to read Greek at sight; to shoot a person at sight. -- Front
sight (Firearms), the sight nearest the muzzle. -- Open sight.
(Firearms) (a) A front sight through which the objects aimed at may be
seen, in distinction from one that hides the object. (b) A rear sight
having an open notch instead of an aperture. -- Peep sight, Rear
sight. See under Peep, and Rear. -- Sight draft, an order, or bill of
exchange, directing the payment of money at sight. -- To take sight,
to take aim; to look for the purpose of directing a piece of
artillery, or the like. Syn. -- Vision; view; show; spectacle;
representation; exhibition.
Sight
Sight (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sighting.]
1. To get sight of; to see; as, to sight land; to sight a wreck. Kane.
2. To look at through a sight; to see accurately; as, to sight an
object, as a star.
3. To apply sights to; to adjust the sights of; also, to give the
proper elevation and direction to by means of a sight; as, to sight a
rifle or a cannon.
Sight
Sight, v. i. (Mil.) To take aim by a sight.
Sighted
Sight"ed, a. Having sight, or seeing, in a particular manner; -- used
in composition; as, long-sighted, short-sighted, quick-sighted,
sharp-sighted, and the like.
Sightful
Sight"ful (?), a. Easily or clearly seen; distinctly visible;
perspicuous. [Obs.] Testament of Love.
Sightfulness
Sight"ful*ness, n. The state of being sightful; perspicuity. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Sight-hole
Sight"-hole` (?), n. A hole for looking through; a peephole. "Stop all
sight-holes." Shak.
Sighting
Sight"ing, a & n. from Sight, v. t. Sighting shot, a shot made to
ascertain whether the sights of a firearm are properly adjusted; a
trial shot.
Sightless
Sight"less, a.
1. Wanting sight; without sight; blind.
Of all who blindly creep or sightless soar. Pope.
2. That can not be seen; invisible. [Obs.]
The sightless couriers of the air. Shak.
3. Offensive or unpleasing to the eye; unsightly; as, sightless
stains. [R.] Shak. -- Sight"less*ly, adv.- Sight"less*ness, n.
Sightliness
Sight"li*ness (?), n. The state of being sightly; comeliness;
conspicuousness.
Sightly
Sight"ly (?), a.
1. Pleasing to the sight; comely. "Many brave, sightly horses."
L'Estrange.
2. Open to sight; conspicuous; as, a house stands in a sightly place.
Sightproof
Sight"proof` (?), a. Undiscoverable to sight.
Hidden in their own sightproof bush. Lowell.
Sight-seeing
Sight"-see`ing (?), a. Engaged in, or given to, seeing sights; eager
for novelties or curiosities.
Sight-seeing
Sight"-see`ing, n. The act of seeing sights; eagerness for novelties
or curiosities.
Sight-seer
Sight"-se`er (?), n. One given to seeing sights or noted things, or
eager for novelties or curiosities.
Sight-shot
Sight"-shot` (?), n. Distance to which the sight can reach or be
thrown. [R.] Cowley.
Sightsman
Sights"man (?), n.; pl. Sightsmen (. (Mus.) One who reads or performs
music readily at first sight. [R.] <-- now, sight-reader --> Busby.
Sigil
Sig"il (?), n. [L. sigillum. See Seal a stamp.] A seal; a signature.
Dryden.
Of talismans and sigils knew the power. Pope.
Sigillaria
Sig`il*la"ri*a (?), n. pl. [L., from sigillum a seal. See Sigil.]
(Rom. Antic.) Little images or figures of earthenware exposed for
sale, or given as presents, on the last two days of the Saturnalia;
hence, the last two, or the sixth and seventh, days of the Saturnalia.
Sigillaria
Sig`il*la"ri*a, n. [NL., fem sing. fr. L. sigillum a seal.] (Paleon.)
A genus of fossil trees principally found in the coal formation; -- so
named from the seallike leaf scars in vertical rows on the surface.
Sigillarid
Sig`il*la"rid (?), n. (Paleon.) One of an extinct family of
cryptagamous trees, including the genus Sigillaria and its allies.
Sigillated
Sig"il*la`ted (?), a. [L. sigillatus adorned with little images.]
Decorated by means of stamps; -- said of pottery.
Sigillative
Sig"il*la*tive (?), a. [L. sigillum a seal: cf. OF. sigillatif.] Fit
to seal; belonging to a seal; composed of wax. [R.]
Sigillum
Si*gil"lum (?), n.; pl. Sigilla (#). [L.] (Rom. & Old Eng. Law) A
seal.
Sigla
Sig"la (?), n. pl. [L.] The signs, abbreviations, letters, or
characters standing for words, shorthand, etc., in ancient
manuscripts, or on coins, medals, etc. W. Savage.
Sigma
Sig"ma (?), n.; pl. Sigmas (#). [L., from Gr. The Greek letter , s, or
&sigmat; (English S, or s). It originally had the form of the English
C.
Sigmodont
Sig"mo*dont (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of a tribe (Sigmodontes)
of rodents which includes all the indigenous rats and mice of America.
So called from the form of the ridges of enamel on the crowns of the
worn molars. Also used adjectively.
Sigmoid, Sigmoidal
Sig"moid (?), Sig*moid"al (?), a. [Gr. sigmo\'8bde.] Curved in two
directions, like the letter S, or the Greek &sigmat;. Sigmoid flexure
(Anat.), the last curve of the colon before it terminates in the
rectum. See Illust. under Digestive. -- Sigmoid valves. (Anat.) See
Semilunar valves, under Semilunar.
Sigmoidally
Sig*moid"al*ly, adv. In a sigmoidal manner.
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Page 1339
Sign
Sign (?), n. [F. signe, L. signum; cf. AS. segen, segn, a sign,
standard, banner, also fr. L. signum. Cf. Ensign, Resign, Seal a
stamp, Signal, Signet.] That by which anything is made known or
represented; that which furnishes evidence; a mark; a token; an
indication; a proof. Specifically: (a) A remarkable event, considered
by the ancients as indicating the will of some deity; a prodigy; an
omen. (b) An event considered by the Jews as indicating the divine
will, or as manifesting an interposition of the divine power for some
special end; a miracle; a wonder.
Through mighty signs and wonders, by the power of the Spirit of
God. Rom. xv. 19.
It shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither
hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the
voice of the latter sign. Ex. iv. 8.
(c) Something serving to indicate the existence, or preserve the
memory, of a thing; a token; a memorial; a monument.
What time the fire devoured two hundred and fifty men, and they
became a sign. Num. xxvi. 10.
(d) Any symbol or emblem which prefigures, typifles, or represents, an
idea; a type; hence, sometimes, a picture.
The holy symbols, or signs, are not barely significative; but what
they represent is as certainly delivered to us as the symbols
themselves. Brerewood.
Saint George of Merry England, the sign of victory. Spenser.
(e) A word or a character regarded as the outward manifestation of
thought; as, words are the sign of ideas. (f) A motion, an action, or
a gesture by which a thought is expressed, or a command or a wish made
known.
They made signs to his father, how he would have him called. Luke
i. 62.
(g) Hence, one of the gestures of pantomime, or of a language of a
signs such as those used by the North American Indians, or those used
by the deaf and dumb.
NOTE: &hand; Ed ucaters of th e de af di stinguish between natural
signs, which serve for communicating ideas, and methodical, or
systematic, signs, adapted for the dictation, or the rendering, of
written language, word by word; and thus the signs are to be
distinguished from the manual alphabet, by which words are spelled
on the fingers.
(h) A military emblem carried on a banner or a standard. Milton. (i) A
lettered board, or other conspicuous notice, placed upon or before a
building, room, shop, or office to advertise the business there
transacted, or the name of the person or firm carrying it on; a
publicly displayed token or notice.
The shops were, therefore, distinguished by painted signs, which
gave a gay and grotesque aspect to the streets. Macaulay.
(j) (Astron.) The twelfth part of the ecliptic or zodiac.
NOTE: &hand; Th e signs are reckoned from the point of intersection
of the ecliptic and equator at the vernal equinox, and are named,
respectively, Aries (), Taurus (), Gemini (II), Cancer (), Leo (),
Virgo (), Libra (), Scorpio (), Sagittarius (), Capricornus (),
Aquarius (), Pisces (). These names were originally the names of
the constellations occupying severally the divisions of the zodiac,
by which they are still retained; but, in consequence of the
procession of the equinoxes, the signs have, in process of time,
become separated about 30 degrees from these constellations, and
each of the latter now lies in the sign next in advance, or to the
east of the one which bears its name, as the constellation Aries in
the sign Taurus, etc.
(k) (Alg.) A character indicating the relation of quantities, or an
operation performed upon them; as, the sign + (plus); the sign --
(minus); the sign of division \'f6, and the like. (l) (Med.) An
objective evidence of disease; that is, one appreciable by some one
other than the patient.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rms sy mptom an d an d si gn ar e of ten us ed
synonymously; but they may be discriminated. A sign differs from a
symptom in that the latter is perceived only by the patient
himself. The term sign is often further restricted to the purely
local evidences of disease afforded by direct examination of the
organs involved, as distinguished from those evidence of general
disturbance afforded by observation of the temperature, pulse, etc.
In this sense it is often called physical sign.
(m) (Mus.) Any character, as a flat, sharp, dot, etc. (n) (Theol.)
That which, being external, stands for, or signifies, something
internal or spiritual; -- a term used in the Church of England in
speaking of an ordinance considered with reference to that which it
represents.
An outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace. Bk.
of Common Prayer.
NOTE: &hand; See the Table of Arbitrary Signs, p. 1924.
Sign manual. (a) (Eng. Law) The royal signature superscribed at the
top of bills of grants and letter patent, which are then sealed with
the privy signet or great seal, as the case may be, to complete their
validity. (b) The signature of one's name in one's own handwriting.
Craig. Tomlins. Wharton. Syn. -- Token; mark; note; symptom;
indication; signal; symbol; type; omen; prognostic; presage;
manifestation. See Emblem.
Sign
Sign (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Signed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Signing.]
[OE. seinen to bless, originally, to make the sign of the cross over;
in this sense fr. ASS. segnian (from segn, n.), or OF. seignier, F.
signer, to mark, to sign (in sense 3), fr. L. signare to mark, set a
mark upon, from signum. See Sign, n.]
1. To represent by a sign; to make known in a typical or emblematic
manner, in distinction from speech; to signify.
I signed to Browne to make his retreat. Sir W. Scott.
2. To make a sign upon; to mark with a sign.
We receive this child into the congregation of Christ's flock, and
do sign him with the sign of the cross. Bk. of Com Prayer.
3. To affix a signature to; to ratify by hand or seal; to subscribe in
one's own handwriting.
Inquire the Jew's house out, give him this deed, And let him sign
it. Shak.
4. To assign or convey formally; -- used with away.
5. To mark; to make distinguishable. Shak.
Sign
Sign (?), v. i.
1. To be a sign or omen. [Obs.] Shak.
2. To make a sign or signal; to communicate directions or intelligence
by signs.
3. To write one's name, esp. as a token of assent, responsibility, or
obligation. <-- 4. to communicate in sign language (subtype of 3) -->
Signable
Sign"a*ble (?), a. Suitable to be signed; requiring signature; as, a
legal document signable by a particular person.
Signal
Sig"nal (?), n. [F., fr. LL. signale, fr. L. signum. See Sign, n.]
1. A sign made for the purpose of giving notice to a person of some
occurence, command, or danger; also, a sign, event, or watchword,
which has been agreed upon as the occasion of concerted action.
All obeyed The wonted signal and superior voice Of this great
potentate. Milton.
2. A token; an indication; a foreshadowing; a sign.
The weary sun . . . Gives signal of a goodly day to-morrow. Shak.
There was not the least signal of the calamity to be seen. De Foc.
Signal
Sig"nal, a. [From signal, n.: cf. F. signal\'82.]
1. Noticeable; distinguished from what is ordinary; eminent;
remarkable; memorable; as, a signal exploit; a signal service; a
signal act of benevolence.
As signal now in low, dejected state As erst in highest, behold him
where he lies. Milton.
2. Of or pertaining to signals, or the use of signals in conveying
information; as, a signal flag or officer.
The signal service, a bureau of the government (in the United States
connected with the War Department) organized to collect from the whole
country simultaneous raports of local meteorological conditions, upon
comparison of which at the central office, predictions concerning the
weather are telegraphed to various sections, where they are made known
by signals publicly displayed. -- Signal station, the place where a
signal is displayed; specifically, an observation office of the signal
service. Syn. -- Eminent; remarkable; memorable; extraordinary;
notable; conspicuous.
Signal
Sig"nal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Signaled ( or Signalled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Signaling or Signalling.]
1. To communicate by signals; as, to signal orders.
2. To notify by a signals; to make a signal or signals to; as, to
signal a fleet to anchor. M. Arnold.
Signalist
Sig"nal*ist, n. One who makes signals; one who communicates
intelligence by means of signals.
Signality
Sig*nal"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being signal or
remarkable. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Signalize
Sig"nal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Signalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Signalizing (?).] [From Signal, a.]
1. To make signal or eminent; to render distinguished from what is
common; to distinguish.
It is this passion which drives men to all the ways we see in use
of signalizing themselves. Burke.
2. To communicate with by means of a signal; as, a ship signalizes its
consort.
3. To indicate the existence, presence, or fact of, by a signal; as,
to signalize the arrival of a steamer.
Signally
Sig"nal*ly, adv. In a signal manner; eminently.
Signalman
Sig"nal*man (?), n.; pl. -men (. A man whose business is to manage or
display signals; especially, one employed in setting the signals by
which railroad trains are run or warned.
Signalment
Sig"nal*ment (?), n. The act of signaling, or of signalizing; hence,
description by peculiar, appropriate, or characteristic marks. Mrs.
Browning.
Signate
Sig"nate (?), a. [L. signatus, p. p. See Sign, v. t.] (Zo\'94l.)
Having definite color markings.
Signation
Sig*na"tion (?), n. [L. signatio. See Sign, v. t.] Sign given;
marking. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Signatory
Sig"na*to*ry (?), a. [L. signatorius.]
1. Relating to a seal; used in sealing. [Obs.] Bailey.
2. Signing; joining or sharing in a signature; as, signatory powers.
Signatory
Sig"na*to*ry, n.; pl. -ries (. A signer; one who signs or subscribes;
as, a conference of signatories.
Signature
Sig"na*ture (?), n. [F. (cf. It. signatura, segnatura, Sp. & LL.
signatura), from L. signare, signatum. See Sign, v. t.]
1. A sign, stamp, or mark impressed, as by a seal.
The brain, being well furnished with various traces, signatures,
and images. I. Watts.
The natural and indelible signature of God, which human souls . . .
are supposed to be stamped with. Bentley.
2. Especially, the name of any person, written with his own hand,
employed to signify that the writing which precedes accords with his
wishes or intentions; a sign manual; an autograph.
3. (Physiol.) An outward mark by which internal characteristics were
supposed to be indicated.
Some plants bear a very evident signature of their nature and use.
Dr. H. More.
4. (Old Med.) A resemblance between the external characters of a
disease and those of some physical agent, for instance, that existing
between the red skin of scarlet fever and a red cloth; -- supposed to
indicate this agent in the treatment of the disease.
5. (Mus.) The designation of the key (when not C major, or its
relative, A minor) by means of one or more sharps or flats at the
beginning of the staff, immediately after the clef, affecting all
notes of the same letter throughout the piece or movement. Each minor
key has the same signature as its relative major.
6. (Print.) (a) A letter or figure placed at the bottom of the first
page of each sheet of a book or pamphlet, as a direction to the binder
in arranging and folding the sheets. (b) The printed sheet so marked,
or the form from which it is printed; as, to reprint one or more
signatures.
NOTE: &hand; St ar si gnatures (as A*, 1*) are the same characters,
with the addition of asterisks, used on the first pages of offcuts,
as in 12mo sheets.
7. (Pharm.) That part of a prescription which contains the directions
to the patient. It is usually prefaced by S or Sig. (an abbreviation
for the Latin signa, imperative of signare to sign or mark).
Signature
Sig"na*ture (?), v. t. To mark with, or as with, a signature or
signatures.
Signaturist
Sig"na*tur`ist (?), n. One who holds to the doctrine of signatures
impressed upon objects, indicative of character or qualities. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Signboard
Sign"board` (?), n. A board, placed on or before a shop, office, etc.,
on which ssome notice is given, as the name of a firm, of a business,
or the like.
Signer
Sign"er (?), n. One who signs or subscribes his name; as, a memorial
with a hundred signers.
Signet
Sig"net (?), n. [OF. signet a signet, F., a bookmark, dim. of signe.
See Sign, n., and cf. Sennet.] A seal; especially, in England, the
seal used by the sovereign in sealing private letters and grants that
pass by bill under the sign manual; -- called also privy signet.
I had my father's signet in my purse. Shak.
Signet ring, a ring containing a signet or private seal. -- Writer to
the signet (Scots Law), a judicial officer who prepares warrants,
writs, etc.; originally, a clerk in the office of the secretary of
state.
Signeted
Sig"net*ed, a. Stamped or marked with a signet.
Signifer
Sig"ni*fer (?), a. [L., from signum sign + ferre to bear.] Bearing
signs. [Obs.] "The signifer sphere, or zodiac." Holland.
Significance, Significancy
Sig*nif"i*cance (?), Sig*nif"i*can*cy (?), n. [L. significantia.]
1. The quality or state of being significant.
2. That which is signified; meaning; import; as, the significance of a
nod, of a motion of the hand, or of a word or expression.
3. Importance; moment; weight; consequence.
With this brain I must work, in order to give significancy and
value to the few facts which I possess. De Quincey.
Significant
Sig*nif"i*cant (?), a. [L. significans, -antis, p. pr. of significare.
See Signify.]
1. Fitted or designed to signify or make known somethingl having a
meaning; standing as a sign or token; expressive or suggestive; as, a
significant word or sound; a significant look.
It was well said of Plotinus, that the stars were significant, but
not efficient. Sir W. Raleigh.
2. Deserving to be considered; important; momentous; as, a significant
event.
Significant figures (Arith.), the figures which remain to any number,
or decimal fraction, after the ciphers at the right or left are
canceled. Thus, the significant figures of 25,000, or of .0025, are
25.
Significant
Sig*nif"i*cant, n. That which has significance; a sign; a token; a
symbol. Wordsworth.
In dumb significants proclaim your thoughts. Shak.
Significantly
Sig*nif"i*cant*ly, adv. In a significant manner.
Significate
Sig*nif"i*cate (?), n. [L. significatus, p. p. of significare. See
Signify.] (Logic) One of several things signified by a common term.
Whately.
Signification
Sig`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [F. signification, L. significatio.]
1. The act of signifying; a making known by signs or other means.
A signification of being pleased. Landor.
All speaking or signification of one's mind implies an act or
addres of one man to another. South.
2. That which is signified or made known; that meaning which a sign,
character, or token is intended to convey; as, the signification of
words.
Significative
Sig*nif"i*ca*tive (?), a. [L. significativus: cf. F. significatif.]
1. Betokening or representing by an external sign.
The holy symbols or signs are not barely significative. Brerewood.
2. Having signification or meaning; expressive of a meaning or
purpose; significant.
Neither in the degrees of kindred they were destitute of
significative words. Camden.
-- Sig*nif"i*ca*tive*ly, adv. -- Sig*nif"i*ca*tive*ness, n.
Significator
Sig"ni*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. significateur.] One who, or that
which, signifies.
In this diagram there was one significator which pressed remarkably
upon our astrologer's attention. Sir W. Scott.
Significatory
Sig*nif"i*ca*to*ry (?), a. [L. significatorius.] Significant. -- n.
That which is significatory.
Significavit
Sig`ni*fi*ca"vit (?), n. [L., (he) has signified, perf. ind. of
significare to signify.] (Eng. Eccl. Law) Formerly, a writ issuing out
of chancery, upon certificate given by the ordinary, of a man's
standing excommunicate by the space of forty days, for the laying him
up in prison till he submit himself to the authority of the church.
Crabb.
Signify
Sig"ni*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Signified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Signifying (?).] [F. signifier, L. significare; signum a sign +
-ficare (in comp.) to make. See Sign, n., and -fy.]
1. To show by a sign; to communicate by any conventional token, as
words, gestures, signals, or the like; to announce; to make known; to
declare; to express; as, a signified his desire to be present.
I 'll to the king; and signify to him That thus I have resign'd my
charge to you. Shak.
The government should signify to the Protestants of Ireland that
want of silver is not to be remedied. Swift.
2. To mean; to import; to denote; to betoken.
He bade her tell him what it signified. Chaucer.
A tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying
nothing. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Si gnify is often used impersonally; as, it signifies
nothing, it does not signify, that is, it is of no importance.
Syn. -- To express; manifest; declare; utter; intimate; betoken;
denote; imply; mean.
Signior
Sign"ior (?), n. Sir; Mr. The English form and pronunciation for the
Italian Signor and the Spanish Se\'a4or.
Signiorize
Sign"ior*ize (?), v. t. [See Seigniorize.] To exercise dominion over;
to lord it over. [Obs.] Shelton.
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Signiorize
Sign"ior*ize (?), v. i. To exercise dominion; to signiorize. [Obs.]
Hewyt.
Signiorship
Sign"ior*ship, n. State or position of a signior.
Signiory
Sign"ior*y (?), n. Same as Seigniory.
Signor, Signore
Si*gnor" (?), Si*gno"re (?), n. [It. See Seignior.] Sir; Mr; -- a
title of address or respect among the Italians. Before a noun the form
is Signor.
Signora
Si*gno"ra (?), n. [It.] Madam; Mrs; -- a title of address or respect
among the Italians.
Signorina
Si`gno*ri"na (?), n. [It.] Miss; -- a title of address among the
Italians.
Signpost
Sign"post` (?), n. A post on which a sign hangs, or on which papers
are placed to give public notice of anything.
Sik, Sike
Sik (?), Sike (?), a. Such. See Such. [Obs.] "Sike fancies weren
foolerie." Spenser.
Sike
Sike (?), n. [AS. s\'c6c. Cf. Sig.] A gutter; a stream, such as is
usually dry in summer. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Sike
Sike, n. [See Sick.] A sick person. [Prov. Eng.]
Sike
Sike, v. i. To sigh. [Obs.]
That for his wife weepeth and siketh sore. Chaucer.
Sike
Sike, n. A sigh. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Siker, a. & adv., Sikerly, adv., Sikerness
Sik"er (?), a. & adv., Sik"er*ly, adv., Sik"er*ness, n., etc. See 2d
Sicker, Sickerly, etc. [Obs.]
Sikhs
Sikhs (?), n. pl.; sing. Sikh (. [Hind. Sikh, properly, a disciple.] A
religious sect noted for warlike traits, founded in the Punjab at the
end of the 15th century.
Silage
Si"lage (?), n. & v. Short for Ensilage.
Sile
Sile (?), v. t. [Akin to Sw. sila to strain, sil sieve, G. sielen to
draw away or lead off water. &root;151a. See Silt.] To strain, as
fresh milk. [Prov. Eng.]
Sile
Sile, v. i. To drop; to flow; to fall. [Prov. Eng.]
Sile
Sile, n.
1. A sieve with fine meshes. [Prov. Eng.]
2. Filth; sediment. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Sile
Sile, n. [Icel. s\'c6ld herring; akin to Sw. sill, Dan. sild. Cf. Sill
the young of a herring.] (Zo\'94l.) A young or small herring. [Eng.]
Pennant.
Silence
Si"lence (?), n. [F., fr. L. silentium. See Silent.]
1. The state of being silent; entire absence of sound or noise;
absolute stillness.
I saw and heared; for such a numerous host Fled not in silence
through the frighted deep. Milton.
2. Forbearance from, or absence of, speech; taciturnity; muteness.
3. Secrecy; as, these things were transacted in silence.
The administration itself keeps a profound silence. D. Webster.
4. The cessation of rage, agitation, or tumilt; calmness; quiest; as,
the elements were reduced to silence.
5. Absence of mention; oblivion.
And what most merits fame, in silence hid. Milton.
Silence
Si"lence, interj. Be silent; -- used elliptically for let there be
silence, or keep silence. Shak.
Silence
Si"lence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Silenced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Silencing
(?).]
1. To compel to silence; to cause to be still; to still; to hush.
Silence that dreadful bell; it frights the isle. Shak.
2. To put to rest; to quiet.
This would silence all further opposition. Clarendon.
These would have silenced their scruples. Rogers.
3. To restrain from the exercise of any function, privilege of
instruction, or the like, especially from the act of preaching; as, to
silence a minister of the gospel.
The Rev. Thomas Hooker of Chelmsford, in Essex, was silenced for
nonconformity. B. Trumbull.
4. To cause to cease firing, as by a vigorous cannonade; as, to
silence the batteries of an enemy.
Silene
Si*le"ne (?), n. [NL., fr. L. Silenus, the attendant of Bacchus.]
(Bot.) A genus of caryophyllaceous plants, usually covered with a
viscid secretion by which insects are caught; catchfly. Bon Sil\'8ane.
See Sil\'8ane, in the Vocabulary.
Silent
Si"lent (?), a. [L. silens, -entis, p. pr. of silere to be silent;
akin to Goth. ana-silan.]
1. Free from sound or noise; absolutely still; perfectly quiet.
How silent is this town! Shak.
2. Not speaking; indisposed to talk; speechless; mute; taciturn; not
loquacious; not talkative.
Ulysses, adds he, was the most eloquent and most silent of men.
Broome.
This new-created world, whereof in hell Fame is not silent. Milton.
3. Keeping at rest; inactive; calm; undisturbed; as, the wind is
silent. Parnell. Sir W. Raleigh.
4. (Pron.) Not pronounced; having no sound; quiescent; as, e is silent
in "fable."
5. Having no effect; not operating; inefficient. [R.]
Cause . . . silent, virtueless, and dead. Sir W. Raleigh.
Silent partner. See Dormant partner, under Dormant. Syn. -- Mute;
taciturn; dumb; speechless; quiet; still. See Mute, and Taciturn.
Silent
Si"lent, n. That which is silent; a time of silence. [R.] "The silent
of the night." Shak.
Silentiary
Si*len"ti*a*ry (?), n. [L. silentiarius: cf. F. silenciaire. See
Silence.] One appointed to keep silence and order in court; also, one
sworn not to divulge secre
Silentious
Si*len"tious (?), a. [L. silentiosus: cf. F. silencieux.] Habitually
silent; taciturn; reticent. [R.]
Silently
Si"lent*ly (?), adv. In a silent manner.
Silentness
Si"lent*ness, n. State of being silent; silence.
Silenus
Si*le"nus (?), n. [L. Silenus the tutor and attendant of Bacchus.]
(Zo\'94l.) See Wanderoo.
Silesia
Si*le"si*a (?), n.
1. A kind of linen cloth, originally made in Silesia, a province of
Prussia.
2. A twilled cotton fabric, used for dress linings.
Silesian
Si*le"si*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Silesia. -- n. A native or
inhabitant of Silesia.
Silex
Si"lex (?), n. [L., a finit, a pebblestone.] (Min.) Silica, SiO2 as
found in nature, constituting quarz, and most sands and sandstones.
See Silica, and Silicic.
Silhouette
Sil`hou*ette" (?), n. [F.; -- so called from Etienne de Silhoutte, a
French minister of finance in 1759, whise diversion it was to make
such portraits on the walls of his apartments.] A representation of
the outlines of an object filled in with a black color; a profile
portrait in black, such as a shadow appears to be.
Silhouette
Sil`hou*ette", v. t. To represent by a silhouette; to project upon a
background, so as to be like a silhouette. [Recent]
A flock of roasting vultures silhouetted on the sky. The Century.
Silica
Sil"i*ca (?), n. [NL., from L. silex, silics, a flint.] (Chem.)
Silicon dioxide, SiO
Silicate
Sil"i*cate (?), n.[Cf. F. silicate.] (Chem.) A salt of silicic acid.
NOTE: &hand; In mineralogical chemistry the silicates include; the
unisilicates or orthosilicates, salts of orthosilicic acid; the
bisilicates or metasilicates, salts of metasilicic acid; the
polysilicates or acid silicates, salts of the polysilicic acids;
the basic silicates or subsilicates, in which the equivalent of
base is greater than would be required to neutralize the acid; and
the hydrous silicates, including the zeolites and many hydrated
decomposition products.
Silicated
Sil"i*ca`ted (?), a. (Chem.) Combined or impregnated with silicon or
silica; as, silicated hydrogen; silicated rocks. Silicated soap, a
hard soap containing silicate of soda.
Silicatization
Sil`i*ca*ti*za"tion (?), n. Silicification.
Silicea
Si*lic"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Silicoidea.
Siliceous
Si*li"ceous (?), a. [L. siliceus, fr. silex, silicis, a flint.] Of or
pertaining to silica; containing silica, or partaking of its nature.
[Written also silisious.]
Silicic
Si*lic"ic (?), a. [L. silex, silicis, a flint: cf. F. silicique.]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, silica;
specifically, designating compounds of silicon; as, silicic acid.
Silicic acid (Chem.), an amorphous gelatinous substance, Si(HO)4, very
unstable and easily dried to silica, but forming many stable salts; --
called also orthosilicic, OR normal silicic, acid.
Silicicalcareous
Si*lic`i*cal*ca"re*ous (?), a. Consisting of silica and calcareous
matter.
Silicide
Sil"i*cide (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of silicon, or one
regarded as binary. [R.] Hydrogen silicide (Chem.), a colorless,
spontaneously inflammable gas, SiH4, produced artifically from
silicon, and analogous to methane; -- called also silico-methane,
silicon hydride, and formerly siliciureted hydrogen.<-- now called
silane, silicon hydride, or silicane. The term silane is used as the
theoretical parent compound of a large series of derivatives in which
one or more of the hydrogens are substituted; the term is also used
generically to refer to any one of a large series of silicon
compounds, including a series containing silicon-silicon bonds,
analogous to the compounds containing carbon. -->
Siliciferous
Sil`i*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. silex, silicis, a flint + -ferous.]
Producing silica; united with silica.
Silicification
Si*lic`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [See Silicify.] (Chem.) Thae act or
process of combining or impregnating with silicon or silica; the state
of being so combined or impregnated; as, the silicification of wood.
Silicified
Si*lic"i*fied (?), a. (Chem.) Combined or impregnated with silicon or
silica, especially the latter; as, silicified wood.
Silicify
Si*lic"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Silicified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Silicifying (?).] [L. silex, silicis, a flint + -fy: cf. F.
silicifier.] (Chem.) To convert into, or to impregnate with, silica,
or with the compounds of silicon.
The specimens found . . . are completely silicified. Say.
NOTE: &hand; Th e si lica ma y ta ke the form of agate, chalcedony,
flint, hornstone, or crystalline quartz.
Silicify
Si*lic"i*fy, v. i. To become converted into silica, or to be
impregnated with silica.
Silicioidea
Sil`i*ci*oi"de*a (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Silicoidea.
Silicious
Si*li"cious (?), a. See Siliceous.
Silicispongi\'91
Sil`i*ci*spon"gi*\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL. See Silex, and Sponge.]
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Silicoidea.
Silicited
Si*lic"it*ed (?), a. Silicified. [Obs.]
Silicium
Si*lic"i*um (?), n. See Silicon.
Siliciureted
Si*lic"i*u*ret`ed (?), a. [Written also siliciuretted.] (Old. Chem.)
Combined or impregnated with silicon. [Obsoles.] Siliciureted
hydrogen. (Chem.) Hydrogen silicide. [Obs.]
Silicle
Sil"i*cle (?), n. [L. silicula, dim. of siliqua a pod or husk: cf. F.
silicule.] (Bot.) A seed vessel resembling a silique, but about as
broad as it is long. See Silique.
Silico-
Sil"i*co- (?). (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively)
denoting the presence of silicon or its compounds; as, silicobenzoic,
silicofluoride, etc.
Silicofluoric
Sil`i*co*flu*or"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Containing, or composed of, silicon
and fluorine; especially, denoting the compounds called
silicofluorides. Silicofluoric acid (Chem.), a compound of
hydrofluoric acid and silicon fluoride, known only in watery solution.
It is produced by the action of silicon fluoride on water, and is
regarded as an acid, H2SiF6, and the type and origin of the
silicofluorides.
Silicofluoride
Sil`i*co*flu"or*ide (?), n. (Chem.) A fluosilicate; a salt of
silicofluoric acid.
Silicoidea
Sil`i*coi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Silex, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) An
extensive order of Porifera, which includes those that have the
skeleton composed mainly of siliceous fibers or spicules.
Silicon
Sil"i*con (?), n. [See Silica.] (Chem.) A nonmetalic element analogous
to carbon. It always occurs combined in nature, and is artificially
obtained in the free state, usually as a dark brown amorphous powder,
or as a dark crystalline substance with a meetallic luster. Its oxide
is silica, or common quartz, and in this form, or as silicates, it is,
next to oxygen, the most abundant element of the earth's crust.
Silicon is characteristically the element of the mineral kingdom, as
carbon is of the organic world. Symbol Si. Atomic weight 28. Called
also silicium. <-- it is used as the basis for the most common type of
transistors, in the form of a highly purified silicon impregnated with
small quantities of imourities such as phosphorus or antimony, giving
it special semiconductor properties. In this application, it forms the
primary basis for the modern (post-1970) electronics industry, with
integrated circuits containing millions of electronic componnets being
imprinted by special processes on silicon chips less than one inch in
diameter. -->
Silicotungstic
Sil`i*co*tung"stic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
any one of a series of double acids of silicon and tungsten, known in
the free state, and also in their salts (called silicotungstates).
Silicula
Si*lic"u*la (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A silicle.
Silicule
Sil"i*cule (?), n. (Bot.) A silicle.
Siliculose
Si*lic"u*lose` (?), a. [NL. siliculosus, fr. L. silicula: cf. F.
siliculeux. See Silicle.]
1. (Bot.) Bearing silicles; pertaining to, or resembling, silicles.
2. Full of, or consisting of, husks; husky. [Obs.]
Siliginose
Si*lig"i*nose` (?), a.[L. siligineus, fr. siligo, -inis, fine and very
white wheat.] Made of fine wheat. [Obs.] Bailey.
Siling
Sil"ing (?), a. & n. from Sile to strain. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.] Siling
dish, a colander. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Siliqua
Sil"i*qua (?), n.; pl. Siliqu\'91 (#). [L. See Silique.]
1. (Bot.) Same as Silique.
2. A weight of four grains; a carat; -- a term used by jewelers, and
refiners of gold.
Silique
Sil"ique (?), n. [L. siliqua a pod or husk, a very small weight or
measure: cf. F. silique.] (Bot.) An oblong or elongated seed vessel,
consisting of two valves with a dissepiment between, and opening by
sutures at either margin. The seeds are attached to both edges of the
dissepiment, alternately upon each side of it.
Siliqyiform
Sil"i*qyi*form (?), a. [Silique + -form: cf. F. siliquiforme.] (Bot.)
Having the form of a silique.
Siliquosa
Sil`i*quo"sa (?), n. pl. [NL. See Siliquose.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an
order of plants including those which bear siliques.
Siliquose, Siliquous
Sil"i*quose` (?), Sil"i*quous (?), a. [NL. siliquosus: cf. F.
siliqueux.] (Bot.) Bearing siliques; as, siliquose plants; pertaining
to, or resembling, siliques; as, siliquose capsules.
Silk
Silk (?), n. [OE. silk, selk, AS. seolc, seoloc; akin to Icel. silki,
SW. & Dan. silke; prob. through Slavic from an Oriental source; cf.
Lith. szilkai, Russ. shelk', and also L. sericum Seric stuff, silk.
Cf. Sericeous. Serge a woolen stuff.]
1. The fine, soft thread produced by various species of caterpillars
in forming the cocoons within which the worm is inclosed during the
pupa state, especially that produced by the larv\'91 of Bombyx mori.
2. Hence, thread spun, or cloth woven, from the above-named material.
3. That which resembles silk, as the filiform styles of the female
flower of maize.
Raw silk, silk as it is wound off from the cocoons, and before it is
manufactured. -- Silk cotton, a cottony substance enveloping the seeds
of the silk-cotton tree. -- Silk-cotton tree (Bot.), a name for
several tropical trees of the genera Bombax and Eriodendron, and
belonging to the order Bombace\'91. The trees grow to an immense size,
and have their seeds enveloped in a cottony substance, which is used
for stuffing cushions, but can not be spun. -- Silk flower. (Bot.) (a)
The silk tree. (b) A similar tree (Calliandra trinervia) of Peru. --
Silk fowl (Zo\'94l.), a breed of domestic fowls having silky plumage.
-- Silk gland (Zo\'94l.), a gland which secretes the material of silk,
as in spider or a silkworm; a sericterium. -- Silk gown, the
distinctive robe of a barrister who has been appointed king's or
queen's counsel; hence, the counsel himself. Such a one has precedence
over mere barristers, who wear stuff gowns. [Eng.] -- Silk grass
(Bot.), a kind of grass (Stipa comata) of the Western United States,
which has very long silky awns. The name is also sometimes given to
various species of the genera Aqave and Yucca. -- Silk moth
(Zo\'94l.), the adult moth of any silkworm. See Silkworm. -- Silk
shag, a coarse, rough-woven silk, like plush, but with a stiffer nap.
-- Silk spider (Zo\'94l.), a large spider (Nephila plumipes), native
of the Southern United States, remarkable for the large quantity of
strong silk it produces and for the great disparity in the sizes of
the sexes. -- Silk thrower, Silk throwster, one who twists or spins
silk, and prepares it for weaving. Brande & C. -- Silk tree (Bot.), an
Asiatic leguminous tree (Albizzia Julibrissin) with finely bipinnate
leaves, and large flat pods; -- so called because of the abundant long
silky stamens of its blossoms. Also called silk flower. -- Silk
vessel. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Silk gland, above. -- Virginia silk (Bot.),
a climbing plant (Periploca Gr&ae;ca) of the Milkweed family, having a
silky tuft on the seeds. It is native in Southern Europe.
Silken
Silk"en (?), a. [AS. seolcen, seolocen.]
1. Of or pertaining to silk; made of, or resembling, silk; as, silken
cloth; a silken veil.
2. Fig.: Soft; delicate; tender; smooth; as, silken language. "Silken
terms precise." Shak.
3. Dressed in silk. "A . . . silken wanton." Shak.
Silken
Silk"en, v. t. To render silken or silklike. Dyer.
Silkiness
Silk"i*ness (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being silky or silken; softness and
smoothness.
2. Fig.: Effeminacy; weakness. [R.] B. Jonson.
Silkman
Silk"man (?), n.; pl. Silkmen (. A dealer in silks; a silk mercer.
Shak.
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Silkness
Silk"ness (?), n. Silkiness. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Silkweed
Silk"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genera Asclepias and
Acerates whose seed vessels contain a long, silky down; milkweed.
Silkworm
Silk"worm` (?), n. [AS. seolcwyrm.] (Zo\'94l.) The larva of any one of
numerous species of bombycid moths, which spins a large amount of
strong silk in constructing its cocoon before changing to a pupa.
NOTE: &hand; Th e common species (Bombyx mori) feeds onm the leaves
of the white mulberry tree. It is native of China, but has long
been introduced into other countries of Asia and Europe, and is
reared on a large scale. In America it is reared only to small
extent. The Ailanthus silkworm (Philosamia cynthia) is a much
larger species, of considerable importance, which has been
introduced into Europe and America from China. The most useful
American species is the Polyphemus. See Polyphemus.
Pernyi silkworm, the larva of the Pernyi moth. See Pernyi moth. --
Silkworm gut, a substance prepared from the contents of the silk
glands of silkworms and used in making lines for angling. See Gut. --
Silkworm rot, a disease of silkworms; muscardine.
Silky
Silk"y (?), a. [Compar. Silkier (?); superl. Silkiest.]
1. Of or pertaining to silk; made of, or resembling, silk; silken;
silklike; as, a silky luster.
2. Hence, soft and smooth; as, silky wine.
3. Covered with soft hairs pressed close to the surface, as a leaf;
sericeous.
Silky oak (Bot.), a lofty Australian tree (Grevillea robusta) with
silky tomentose lobed or incised leaves. It furnishes a valuable
timber.
Sill
Sill (?), n. [OE. sille, sylle, AS. syl, syll; akin to G. schwelle,
OHG. swelli, Icel. syll, svill, Sw. syll, Dan. syld, Goth. gasuljan to
lay a foundation, to found.] The basis or foundation of a thing;
especially, a horizontal piece, as a timber, which forms the lower
member of a frame, or supports a structure; as, the sills of a house,
of a bridge, of a loom, and the like. Hence: (a) The timber or stone
at the foot of a door; the threshold. (b) The timber or stone on which
a window frame stands; or, the lowest piece in a window frame. (c) The
floor of a gallery or passage in a mine. (d) A piece of timber across
the bottom of a canal lock for the gates to shut against. Sill course
(Arch.), a horizontal course of stone, terra cotta, or the like, built
into a wall at the level of one or more window sills, these sills
often forming part of it.
Sill
Sill, n. [Cf. Thill.] The shaft or thill of a carriage. [Prov. Eng.]
Sill
Sill, n. [Cf. 4th Sile.] A young herring. [Eng.]
Sillabub
Sil"la*bub (?), n. [Cf. sile to strain, and bub liquor, also Prov. E.
sillibauk.] A dish made by mixing wine or cider with milk, and thus
forming a soft curd; also, sweetened cream, flavored with wine and
beaten to a stiff froth. [Written also syllabub.]
Siller
Sil"ler (?), n. Silver. [Scot.]
Sillily
Sil"li*ly (?), adv. [From Silly.] In a silly manner; foolishly.
Dryden.
Sillimanite
Sil"li*man*ite (?), n. [After Benjamin Siliman, an American
meneralogist.] (Min.) Same as Fibrolite.
Silliness
Sil"li*ness, n. The quality or state of being silly.
Sillock
Sil"lock (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The pollock, or coalfish.
Sillon
Sil"lon (?), n. [F., a furrow.] (Fort.) A work raised in the middle of
a wide ditch, to defend it. Crabb.
Silly
Sil"ly, a. [Compar. Sillier (?); superl. Silliest.] [OE. seely, sely,
AS. s, ges, happy, good, fr. s, s, good, happy, s good fortune,
happines; akin to OS. s\'belig, a, good, happy, D. zalig blessed, G.
selig, OHG. s\'bel\'c6g, Icel. s, Sw. s\'84ll, Dan. salig, Goth. s
good, kind, and perh. also to L. sollus whole, entire, Gr. sarva. Cf.
Seel, n.]
1. Happy; fortunate; blessed. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. Harmless; innocent; inoffensive. [Obs.] "This silly, innocent
Custance." Chaucer.
The silly virgin strove him to withstand. Spenser.
A silly, innocent hare murdered of a dog. Robynson (More's Utopia).
3. Weak; helpless; frail. [Obs.]
After long storms . . . With which my silly bark was tossed sore.
Spenser.
The silly buckets on the deck. Coleridge.
4. Rustic; plain; simple; humble. [Obs.]
A fourth man, in a sillyhabit. Shak.
All that did their silly thoughts so busy keep. Milton.
5. Weak in intellect; destitute of ordinary strength of mind; foolish;
witless; simple; as, a silly woman.
6. Proceeding from want of understanding or common judgment;
characterized by weakness or folly; unwise; absurd; stupid; as, silly
conduct; a silly question. Syn. -- Simple; brainless; witless;
shallow; foolish; unwise; indiscreet. See Simple.
Sillyhow
Sil"ly*how (?), n. [Prov. E. silly-hew; cf. AS. s&aemac;lig happy,
good, and h&umac;fe a cap, hood. See Silly, a.] A caul. See Caul, n.,
3. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Silo
Si"lo (?), n. [F.] A pit or vat for packing away green fodder for
winter use so as to exclude air and outside moisture. See Ensilage.
Silt
Silt (?), n. [OE. silte gravel, fr. silen to drain, E. sile; probably
of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. sila, prob. akin to AS. se\'a2n to filter,
s\'c6gan to fall, sink, cause to sink, G. seihen to strain, to filter,
OHG. sihan, Icel.s\'c6a, Skr. sic to pour; cf. Gr. Sig, Sile.] Mud or
fine earth deposited from running or standing water.
Silt
Silt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Silted; p. pr. & vb. n. Silting.] To choke,
fill, or obstruct with silt or mud.
Silt
Silt, v. i. To flow through crevices; to percolate.
Silty
Silt"y (?), a. Full of silt; resembling silt.
Silure
Si*lure" (?), n. [L. silurus a sort of river fish, Gr. silure.]
(Zo\'94l.) A fish of the genus Silurus, as the sheatfish; a siluroid.
Silurian
Si*lu"ri*an (?), a. [From L. Silures, a people who anciently inhabited
a part of England and Wales.] (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the country
of the ancient Silures; -- a term applied to the earliest of the
Paleozoic eras, and also to the strata of the era, because most
plainly developed in that country.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Si lurian fo rmation, so na med by Murchison, is
divided into the Upper Silurian and Lower Silurian. The lower part
of the Lower Silurian, with some underlying beds, is now separated
under the name Cambrian, first given by Sedwick. Recently the term
Ordovician has been proposed for the Lower Silurian, leawing the
original word to apply only to the Upper Silurian.
Silurian
Si*lu"ri*an, n. The Silurian age.
Siluridan
Si*lu"ri*dan (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any fish of the family Silurid or of
the order Siluroidei.
Siluroid
Si*lu"roid (?), n. [Silurus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the
Siluroidei, or Nematognathi, an order of fishes including numerous
species, among which are the American catfishes and numerous allied
fresh-water species of the Old World, as the sheatfish (Silurus
glanis) of Europe. -- n. A siluroid fish.
Siluroidei
Sil`u*roi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL.] (zo\'94l.) An order of fishes, the
Nematognathi.
Silurus
Si*lu"rus (?), n. [L. See Silure.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large
malacopterygious fishes of the order Siluroidei. They inhabit the
inland waters of Europe and Asia.
Silva
Sil"va (?), n.; pl. E. Silvas (#), L. Silvae (. [L., properly, a wood,
forest.] [Written also sylva.] (Bot.) (a) The forest trees of a region
or country, considered collectively. (b) A description or history of
the forest trees of a country.
Silvan
Sil"van (?), a. [L. silva, less correctly sylva, a wood or grove,
perh. akin to Gr. "y`lh; cf. L. Silvanus Silvanus the god of woods:
cf. F. sylvain silvan. Cf. Savage.] Of or pertaining to woods;
composed of woods or groves; woody. [Written also sylvan.]
Betwixt two rows of rocks, a silvan scene Appears above, and groves
forever green. Dryden.
Silvan
Sil"van, n. (Old Chem.) See Sylvanium. [Obs.]
Silvanite
Sil"van*ite (?), n. (Min.) See Sylvanite.
Silvas OR Selvas
Sil"vas (?) OR Sel"vas (?), n. pl. [L. silva a forest, Sp. selva.]
Vast woodland plains of South America.
Silvate
Sil"vate (?), n. (Chem.) Same as Sylvate.
Silver
Sil"ver (?), n. [OE. silver, selver, seolver, AS. seolfor, siolfur,
siolufr, silofr, sylofr; akin to OS. silubar, OFries. selover, D.
zilver, LG. sulver, OHG. silabar, silbar, G. silber, Icel. silfr, Sw.
silfver, Dan. s\'94lv, Goth. silubr, Russ. serebro, Lith. sidabras; of
unknown origin.]
1. (Chem.) A soft white metallic element, sonorous, ductile, very
malleable, and capable of a high degree of polish. It is found native,
and also combined with sulphur, arsenic, antimony, chlorine, etc., in
the minerals argentite, proustite, pyrargyrite, ceragyrite, etc.
Silver is one of the "noble" metals, so-called, not being easily
oxidized, and is used for coin, jewelry, plate, and a great variety of
articles. Symbol Ag (Argentum). Atomic weight 107.7. Specific gravity
10.5.
NOTE: &hand; Si lver wa s kn own un der th e na me of lu na to the
ancients and also to the alchemists. Some of its compounds, as the
halogen salts, are remarkable for the effect of light upon them,
and are used in photography.
2. Coin made of silver; silver money.
3. Anything having the luster or appearance of silver.
4. The color of silver.
NOTE: &hand; Si lver is used in the formation of many compounds of
obvious meaning; as, silver-armed, silver-bright, silver-buskined,
silver-coated, silver-footed, silver-haired, silver-headed,
silver-mantled, silver-plated, silver-slippered, silver-sounding,
silver-studded, silver-tongued, silver-white. See Silver, a.
Black silver (Min.), stephanite; -- called also brittle silver ore, or
brittle silver glance. -- Fulminating silver. (Chem.) (a) A black
crystalline substance, Ag2O.(NH3)2, obtained by dissolving silver
oxide in aqua ammonia. When dry it explodes violently on the slightest
percussion. (b) Silver fulminate, a white crystalline substance,
Ag2C2N2O2, obtained by adding alcohol to a solution of silver nitrate.
When dry it is violently explosive. -- German silver. (Chem.) See
under German. -- Gray silver. (Min.) See Freieslebenite. -- Horn
silver. (Min.) See Cerargyrite. -- King's silver. (O. Eng. Law) See
Postfine. -- Red silver, OR Ruby silver. (Min.) See Proustite, and
Pyrargyrite. -- Silver beater, one who beats silver into silver leaf
or silver foil. -- Silver glance, OR Vitreous silver. (Min.) See
Argentine.
Silver
Sil"ver, a.
1. Of or pertaining to silver; made of silver; as, silver leaf; a
silver cup.
2. Resembling silver. Specifically: (a) Bright; resplendent; white.
"Silver hair." Shak.
Others, on silver lakes and rivers, bathed Their downy breast.
Milton.
(b) Precious; costly. (c) Giving a clear, ringing sound soft and
clear. "Silver voices." Spenser. (d) Sweet; gentle; peaceful. "Silver
slumber." Spenser. American silver fir (Bot.), the balsam fir. See
under Balsam. -- Silver age (Roman Lit.), the latter part (a. d.
14-180) of the classical period of Latinity, -- the time of writers of
inferior purity of language, as compared with those of the previous
golden age, so-called. -- Silver-bell tree (Bot.), an American shrub
or small tree (Halesia tetraptera) with white bell-shaped flowers in
clusters or racemes; the snowdrop tree. -- Silver bush (Bot.), a
shrubby leguminous plant (Anthyllis Barba-Jovis) of Southern Europe,
having silvery foliage. -- Silver chub (Zo\'94l.), the fallfish. --
Silver eel. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The cutlass fish. (b) A pale variety of the
common eel. -- Silver fir (Bot.), a coniferous tree (Abies pectinata)
found in mountainous districts in the middle and south of Europe,
where it often grows to the height of 100 or 150 feet. It yields
Burgundy pitch and Strasburg turpentine. -- Silver foil, foil made of
silver. -- Silver fox (Zo\'94l.), a variety of the common fox (Vulpes
vulpes, variety argenteus) found in the northern parts of Asia,
Europe, and America. Its fur is nearly black, with silvery tips, and
is highly valued. Called also black fox, and silver-gray fox. --
Silver gar. (Zo\'94l.) See Billfish (a) -- Silver grain (Bot.), the
lines or narrow plates of cellular tissue which pass from the pith to
the bark of an exogenous stem; the medullary rays. In the wood of the
oak they are much larger than in that of the beech, maple, pine,
cherry, etc. -- Silver grebe (Zo\'94l.), the red-throated diver. See
Illust. under Diver. -- Silver hake (Zo\'94l.), the American whiting.
-- Silver leaf, leaves or sheets made of silver beaten very thin. --
Silver lunge (Zo\'94l.), the namaycush. -- Silver moonfish.(Zo\'94l.)
See Moonfish (b). -- Silver moth (Zo\'94l.), a lepisma. -- Silver owl
(Zo\'94l.), the barn owl. -- Silver perch (Zo\'94l.), the
mademoiselle, 2. -- Silver pheasant (Zo\'94l.), any one of several
species of beautiful crested and long-tailed Asiatic pheasants, of the
genus Euplocamus. They have the tail and more or less of the upper
parts silvery white. The most common species (E. nychtemerus) is
native of China. -- Silver plate, domestic utensils made of silver.<--
a plating of silver on a base metal. --> -- Silver plover (Zo\'94l.),
the knot. -- Silver salmon (Zo\'94l.), a salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
native of both coasts of the North Pacific. It ascends all the
American rivers as far south as the Sacramento. Called also kisutch,
whitefish, and white salmon. -- Silver shell (Zo\'94l.), a marine
bivalve of the genus Anomia. See Anomia.<-- why Anomia not italicised?
--> -- Silver steel, an alloy of steel with a very small proportion of
silver. -- Silver stick, a title given to the title field officer of
the Life Guards when on duty at the palace. [Eng.] Thackeray. --
Silver tree (Bot.), a South African tree (Leucadendron argenteum) with
long, silvery, silky leaves. -- Silver trout, (Zo\'94l.) See Trout. --
Silver wedding. See under Wedding. -- Silver whiting (Zo\'94l.), a
marine sci\'91noid food fish (Menticirrus littoralis) native of the
Southern United States; -- called also surf whiting. -- Silver witch
(Zo\'94l.), A lepisma.
Silver
Sil"ver (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Silvered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Silvering.]
1. To cover with silver; to give a silvery appearance to by applying a
metal of a silvery color; as, to silver a pin; to silver a glass
mirror plate with an amalgam of tin and mercury.
2. To polish like silver; to impart a brightness to, like that of
silver.
And smiling calmness silvered o'er the deep. Pope.
3. To make hoary, or white, like silver.
His head was silvered o'er with age. Gay.
Silver
Sil"ver, v. i. To acquire a silvery color. [R.]
The eastern sky began to silver and shine. L. Wallace.
Silverback
Sil"ver*back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The knot.
Silverberry
Sil"ver*ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) A tree or shrub (El\'91agnus argentea)
with silvery foliage and fruit. Gray.
Silverbill
Sil"ver*bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An Old World finch of the genus
Minia, as the M. Malabarica of India, and M. cantans of Africa.
Silverboom
Sil"ver*boom` (?), n. [D. zilver silver + boom tree.] (Bot.) See
Leucadendron.
Silverfin
Sil"ver*fin` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small North American fresh-water
cyprinoid fish (Notropis Whipplei).
Silverfish
Sil"ver*fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The tarpum. (b) A white variety
of the goldfish. <-- 2. one of a variety of insects of the order
Thysanura; -- esp. Lepisma saccharina, which may infest houses, and
eats starched clothing and sized papers. See Lepisma. -->
Silver-gray
Sil"ver-gray` (?), a. Having a gray color with a silvery luster; as,
silver-gray hair.
Silveriness
Sil"ver*i*ness (?), n. The state of being silvery.
Silvering
Sil"ver*ing, n. (Metal.) The art or process of covering metals, wood,
paper, glass, etc., with a thin film of metallic silver, or a
substance resembling silver; also, the firm do laid on; as, the
silvering of a glass speculum.
Silverize
Sil"ver*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Silverized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Silverizing.] To cover with silver.
Silverless
Sil"ver*less, a. Having no silcver; hence, without money; impecunious.
Piers Plowman.
Silverling
Sil"ver*ling, n. A small silver coin. [Obs.]
A thousand vines at a thousand silverings. Isa. vii. 23.
Silverly
Sil"ver*ly, adv. Like silver in appearance or in sound.
Let me wipe off this honorable dew, That silverly doth progress on
thy cheeks. Shak.
Silvern
Sil"vern (?), a. [AS. seolfern, sylfren.] Made of silver. [Archaic.]
Wyclif (Acts xix. 24).
Speech is silvern; silence is golden. Old Proverb.
Silversides
Sil"ver*sides` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small
fishes of the family Atherinid\'91, having a silvery stripe along each
side of the body. The common species of the American coast (Menidia
notata) is very abundant. Called also silverside, sand smelt, friar,
tailor, and tinker. Brook silversides (Zo\'94l.), a small fresh-water
North American fish (Labadesthes sicculus) related to the marine
silversides.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1342
Silversmith
Sil"ver*smith` (?), n. One whose occupation is to manufacture
utensils, ornaments, etc., of silver; a worker in silver.
Silverspot
Sil"ver*spot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
butterflies of the genus Argynnis and allied genera, having silvery
spots on the under side of the wings. See Illust. under Aphrodite.
Silverware
Sil"ver*ware` (?), n. Dishes, vases, ornaments, and utensils of
various sorts, made of silver.
Silverweed
Sil"ver*weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A perennial rosaceous herb (Potentilla
Anserina) having the leaves silvery white beneath.
Silvery
Sil"ver*y (?), a.
1. Resembling, or having the luster of, silver; grayish white and
lustrous; of a mild luster; bright.
All the enameled race, whose silvery wing Waves to the tepid
zephyrs of the spring. Pope.
2. Besprinkled or covered with silver.
3. Having the clear, musical tone of silver; soft and clear in sound;
as, silvery voices; a silvery laugh.
Silvery iron (Metal.), a peculiar light-gray fine-grained cast iron,
usually obtained from clay iron ore.
Silviculture
Sil"vi*cul`ture (?), n. [Cf. F. silviculture.] See Sylviculture.
Sima
Si"ma (?), n. (Arch.) A cyma.
Simagre
Sim"a*gre (?), n. [F. simagr\'82e.] A grimace. [Obs.] Dryden.
Simar
Si*mar" (?), n. [F. simarre. See Chimere.] A woman's long dress or
robe; also light covering; a scarf. [Written also cimar, cymar,
samare, simare.]
Simarre
Si`marre" (?). [F.] See Simar. Sir W. Scott.
Simblot
Sim"blot (?), n. [F. simbleau.] The harness of a drawloom.
Simia
Sim"i*a (?), n. [L., an ape; cf. simus flatnosed, snub-nosed, Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) A Linn\'91an genus of Quadrumana which included the types
of numerous modern genera. By modern writers it is usually restricted
to the genus which includes the orang-outang.
Simial
Sim"i*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Simian; apelike.
Simian
Sim"i*an (?), a. [L. simia an ape.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
family Simiad\'91, which, in its widest sense, includes all the Old
World apes and monkeys; also, apelike. -- n. Any Old World monkey or
ape.
Similar
Sim"i*lar (?), a. [F. similaire, fr. L. similis like, similar. See
Same, a., and cf. Simulate.]
1. Exactly corresponding; resembling in all respects; precisely like.
2. Nearly corresponding; resembling in many respects; somewhat like;
having a general likeness.
3. Homogenous; uniform. [R.] Boyle.
Similar figures (Geom.), figures which differ from each other only in
magnitude, being made up of the same number of like parts similarly
situated. -- Similar rectilineal figures, such as have their several
angles respectively equal, each to each, and their sides about the
equal angles proportional. -- Similar solids, such as are contained by
the same number of similar planes, similarly situated, and having like
inclination to one another.
Similar
Sim"i*lar, n. That which is similar to, or resembles, something else,
as in quality, form, etc.
Similarity
Sim`i*lar"i*ty (?), n.; pl. -ties (#). [Cf. F. similarit\'82.] The
quality or state of being similar; likeness; resemblance; as, a
similarity of features.
Hardly is there a similarity detected between two or three facts,
than men hasten to extend it to all. Sir W. Hamilton.
Similarly
Sim"i*lar*ly (?), adv. In a similar manner.
Similary
Sim"i*lar*y (?), a. Similar. [Obs.]
Rhyming cadences of similarly words. South.
Similative
Sim"i*la*tive (?), a. Implying or indicating likeness or resemblance.
[R.]
In similative or instrumental relation to a pa. pple. [past
participle], as almond-leaved, -scented, etc. New English Dict.
Simile
Simi"*le (?), n.; pl. Similes (#). [L., from similis. See Similar.]
(Rhet.) A word or phrase by which anything is likened, in one or more
of its aspects, to something else; a similitude; a poetical or
imaginative comparison.
A good swift simile, but something currish. Shak.
Similiter
Si*mil"i*ter (?), n. [L., in like manner.] (Law) The technical name of
the form by which either party, in pleading, accepts the issue
tendered by his opponent; -- called sometimes a joinder in issue.
Similitude
Si*mil"i*tude (?), n. [F. similitude, L. similitudo, from similis
similar. See Similar.]
1. The quality or state of being similar or like; resemblance;
likeness; similarity; as, similitude of substance. Chaucer.
Let us make now man in our image, man In our similitude. Milton.
If fate some future bard shall join In sad similitude of griefs to
mine. Pope.
2. The act of likening, or that which likens, one thing to another;
fanciful or imaginative comparison; a simile.
Tasso, in his similitudes, never departed from the woods; that is,
all his comparisons were taken from the country. Dryden.
3. That which is like or similar; a representation, semblance, or
copy; a facsimile.
Man should wed his similitude. Chaucer.
Similitudinary
Si*mil`i*tu"di*na*ry (?), a. Involving or expressing similitude.
[Obs.] Coke.
Similize
Sim"i*lize (?), v. t. To liken; to compare; as, to similize a person,
thing, or act. Lowell.
Similor
Sim"i*lor (?), n. [F., fr. L. similus similar + F. or gold, L. aurum.
Cf. Semilor.] An alloy of copper and zinc, resembling brass, but of a
golden color. Ure.
Semious
Sem"i*ous (?), a.[L. simia an ape.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Sim
That strange simious, schoolboy passion of giving pain to others.
Sydney Smith.
Simitar
Sim"i*tar (?), n. See Scimiter.
Simmer
Sim"mer (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Simmered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Simmering.] [Prov. E. also simper; -- an onomatopoetic word.] To boil
gently, or with a gentle hissing; to begin to boil.
I simmer as liquor doth on the fire before it beginneth to boil.
Palsgrave.
Simmer
Sim"mer, v. t. To cause to boil gently; to cook in liquid heated
almost or just to the boiling point.
Simnel
Sim"nel (?), n. [OF. simenel cake or bread of wheat flour, LL.
simenellus wheat bread, fr. L. simila the finest wheat flour. Cf.
Semolina.]
1. A kind of cake made of fine flour; a cracknel. [Obs.]
Not common bread, but vastel bread, or simnels. Fuller.
2. A kind of rich plum cake, eaten especially on Mid-Lent Sunday.
[Eng.] Herrick.
Simoniac
Si*mo"ni*ac (?), n. [LL. simoniacus. See Simony.] One who practices
simony, or who buys or sells preferment in the church. Ayliffe.
Simoniacal
Sim`o*ni"a*cal (?), a. Of or pertaining to simony; guilty of simony;
consisting of simony. -- Sim"o*ni`a*cal*ly, adv.
The flagitious profligacy of their lives, and the simoniacal arts
by which they grasped at the popedom. J. S. Harford.
Simonial
Si*mo"ni*al (?), a. Simoniacal. [Obs.]
Simonian
Si*mo"ni*an (?), n.[See Simony.] One of the followers of Simon Magus;
also, an adherent of certain heretical sects in the early Christian
church.
Simonious
Si*mo"ni*ous (?), a. Simoniacal. [Obs.] Milton.
Simonist
Sim"o*nist (?), n. One who practices simony.
Simony
Sim"o*ny (?), n. [F. simonie, LL. simonia, fr. Simon Magus, who wished
to purchase the power of conferring the Holy Spirit. Acts viii.] The
crime of buying or selling ecclesiastical preferment; the corrupt
presentation of any one to an ecclesiastical benefice for money or
reward. Piers Plowman.
Simoom, Simoon
Si*moom" (?), Si*moon" (?), n. [Ar. sam, fr. samma to poison. Cf.
Samiel.] A hot, dry, suffocating, dust-laden wind, that blows
occasionally in Arabia, Syria, and neighboring countries, generated by
the extreme heat of the parched deserts or sandy plains.
Simous
Si"mous (?), a.[L. simus, Gr. Having a very flat or snub nose, with
the end turned up.
Simpai
Sim"pai (?), n.[Malay simpei.] (Zo\'94l.) A long-tailed monkey
(Semnopitchecus melalophus) native of Sumatra. It has a crest of black
hair. The forehead and cheeks are fawn color, the upper parts tawny
and red, the under parts white. Called also black-crested monkey, and
sinp\'91.
Simper
Sim"per (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Simpered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Simpering.] [Cf. Norw. semper fine, smart, dial. Dan. semper, simper,
affected, coy, prudish, OSw. semper one who affectedly refrains from
eating, Sw. sipp finical, prim, LG. sipp.]
1. To smile in a silly, affected, or conceited manner.
Behold yond simpering dame. Shak.
With a made countenance about her mouth, between simpering and
smiling. ir. P. Sidney.
2. To glimmer; to twinkle. [Obs.]
Yet can I mark how stars above Simper and shine. Herbert.
Simper
Sim"per, n. A constrained, self-conscious smile; an affected, silly
smile; a smirk.
The conscious simper, and the jealous leer. Pope.
Simperer
Sim"per*er (?), n. One who simpers. Sir W. Scott.
A simperer that a court affords. T. Nevile.
Simpering
Sim"per*ing, a. &. n. from Simper, v.
Simperingly
Sim"per*ing*ly, adv. In a simpering manner.
Simple
Sim"ple (?), a. [Compar. Simpler (?); superl. Simplest.] [F., fr. L.
simplus, or simplex, gen. simplicis. The first part of the Latin words
is probably akin to E. same, and the sense, one, one and the same; cf.
L. semel once, singuli one to each, single. Cg. Single, a., Same, a.,
and for the last part of the word cf. Double, Complex.]
1. Single; not complex; not infolded or entangled; uncombined; not
compounded; not blended with something else; not complicated; as, a
simple substance; a simple idea; a simple sound; a simple machine; a
simple problem; simple tasks.
2. Plain; unadorned; as, simple dress. "Simple truth." Spenser. "His
simple story." Burns.
3. Mere; not other than; being only.
A medicine . . . whose simple touch Is powerful to araise King
Pepin. Shak.
4. Not given to artifice, stratagem, or duplicity; undesigning;
sincere; true.
Full many fine men go upon my score, as simple as I stand here, and
I trust them. Marston.
Must thou trust Tradition's simple tongue? Byron.
To be simple is to be great. Emerson.
5. Artless in manner; unaffected; unconstrained; natural;
inartificial;; straightforward.
In simple manners all the secret lies. Young.
6. Direct; clear; intelligible; not abstruse or enigmatical; as, a
simple statement; simple language.
7. Weak in intellect; not wise or sagacious; of but moderate
understanding or attainments; hence, foolish; silly. "You have simple
wits." Shak.
The simple believeth every word; but the prudent man looketh well
to his going. Prov. xiv. 15.
8. Not luxurious; without much variety; plain; as, a simple diet; a
simple way of living.
Thy simple fare and all thy plain delights. Cowper.
9. Humble; lowly; undistinguished.
A simple husbandman in garments gray. Spenser.
Clergy and laity, male and female, gentle and simple made the fuel
of the same fire. Fuller.
10. (BOt.) Without subdivisions; entire; as, a simple stem; a simple
leaf.
11. (Chem.) Not capable of being decomposed into anything more simple
or ultimate by any means at present known; elementary; thus, atoms are
regarded as simple bodies. Cf. Ultimate, a.
NOTE: &hand; A si mple bo dy is on e th at ha s no t as yet been
decomposed. There are indications that many of our simple elements
are still compound bodies, though their actual decomposition into
anything simpler may never be accomplished.
<-- see fundamental particle -->
12. (Min.) Homogenous.
13. (Zo\'94l.) Consisting of a single individual or zooid; as, a
simple ascidian; -- opposed to compound.
Simple contract (Law), any contract, whether verbal or written, which
is not of record or under seal. J. W. Smith. Chitty. -- Simple
equation (Alg.), an eqyation containing but one unknown quantity, and
that quantity only in the first degree. -- Simple eye (Zo\'94l.), an
eye having a single lens; -- opposed to compound eye. -- Simple
interest. See under Interest. -- Simple larceny. (Law) See under
Larceny. -- Simple obligation (Rom. Law), an obligation which does not
depend for its execution upon any event provided for by the parties,
or is not to become void on the happening of any such event. Burrill.
Syn. -- Single; uncompounded; unmingled; unmixed; mere; uncombined;
elementary; plain; artless; sincere; harmless; undesigning; frank;
open; unaffected; inartificial; unadorned; credulous; silly; foolish;
shallow; unwise. -- Simple, Silly. One who is simple is sincere,
unaffected, and inexperienced in duplicity, -- hence liable to be
duped. A silly person is one who is ignorant or weak and also
self-confident; hence, one who shows in speech and act a lack of good
sense. Simplicity is incompatible with duplicity, artfulness, or
vanity, while silliness is consistent with all three. Simplicity
denotes lack of knowledge or of guile; silliness denotes want of
judgment or right purpose, a defect of character as well as of
education.
I am a simple woman, much too weak To oppose your cunning. Shak.
He is the companion of the silliest people in their most silly
pleasure; he is ready for every impertinent entertainment and
diversion. Law.
Simple
Sim"ple (?), n. [F. See Simple, a.]
1. Something not mixed or compounded. "Compounded of many simples."
Shak.
2. (Med.) A medicinal plant; -- so called because each vegetable was
supposed to possess its particular virtue, and therefore to constitute
a simple remedy.
What virtue is in this remedy lies in the naked simple itself as it
comes over from the Indies. Sir W. Temple.
3. (Weaving) (a) A drawloom. (b) A part of the apparatus for raising
the heddles of a drawloom.
4. (R. C. Ch.) A feast which is not a double or a semidouble.
Simple
Sim"ple, v. i. To gather simples, or medicinal plants.
As simpling on the flowery hills she [Circe] strayed. Garth.
Simple-hearted
Sim"ple-heart`ed (?), a. Sincere; inguenuous; guileless. Sir W. Scott.
Simple-minded
Sim"ple-mind`ed (?), a. Artless; guileless; simple-hearted;
undesigning; unsuspecting; devoid of duplicity. Blackstone. --
Sim"ple-mind`ed*ness, n.
Simpleness
Sim"ple*ness, n. The quality or state of being simple; simplicity.
Shak.
Simpler
Sim"pler (?), n. One who collects simples, or medicinal plants; a
herbalist; a simplist. Simpler's joy. (Bot.) Vervain.
Simpless
Sim"pless (?), n. [F. simplesse.] Simplicity; silliness. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Simpleton
Sim"ple*ton (?), n. [Cf. F. simplet, It. semplicione.] A person of
weak intellect; a silly person.
Simplician
Sim*pli"cian (?), n. [Cf. OF. simplicien.] One who is simple. [Obs.]
Arnway.
Simplicity
Sim*plic"i*ty (?), n. [F. simplicit\'82, L. simplicitas. See Simple.]
1. The quality or state of being simple, unmixed, or uncompounded; as,
the simplicity of metals or of earths.
2. The quality or state of being not complex, or of consisting of few
parts; as, the simplicity of a machine.
3. Artlessness of mind; freedom from cunning or duplicity; lack of
acuteness and sagacity.
Marquis Dorset, a man, for his harmless simplicity neither misliked
nor much regarded. Hayward.
In wit a man; simplicity a child. Pope.
4. Freedom from artificial ornament, pretentious style, or luxury;
plainness; as, simplicity of dress, of style, or of language;
simplicity of diet; simplicity of life.
5. Freedom from subtlety or abstruseness; clearness; as, the
simplicity of a doctrine; the simplicity of an explanation or a
demonstration.
6. Weakness of intellect; silliness; folly.
How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners
delight in their scorning? Prov. i. 22.
Simplification
Sim`pli*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. simplification.] The act of
simplifying. A. Smith.
Simplify
Sim"pli*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Simplified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Simplifying (?).] [Cf. F. simplifier, LL. simplificare. See Simple,
and -fy.] To make simple; to make less complex; to make clear by
giving the explanation for; to show an easier or shorter process for
doing or making.
The collection of duties is drawn to a point, and so far
simplified. A. Hamilton.
It is important, in scientific pursuits, to be caitious in
simplifying our deductions. W. Nicholson.
Simplist
Sim"plist (?), n. One skilled in simples, or medicinal plants; a
simpler. Sir T. Browne.
Simplistic
Sim*plis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to simples, or a simplist. [R.]
Wilkinson.
Simplity
Sim"pli*ty (?), n. Simplicity. [Obs.]
Simploce
Sim"plo*ce (?), n. (Gram.) See Symploce.
Simply
Sim"ply (?), adv.
1. In a simple manner or state; considered in or by itself; without
addition; along; merely; solely; barely.
[They] make that now good or evil, . . . which otherwise of itself
were not simply the one or the other. Hooker.
Simply the thing I am Shall make me live. Shak.
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2. Plainly; without art or subtlety.
Subverting worldly strong and worldly wise By simply meek. Milton.
3. Weakly; foolishly. Johnson.
Simulacher, Simulachre
Sim"u*la`cher, Sim"u*la`chre (?), n. [Cf. F. simulacre.] See
Simulacrum. [Obs.]
Simulacrum
Sim`u*la"crum (?), n.; pl. Simulacra (#). [L. See Simulate.] A
likeness; a semblance; a mock appearance; a sham; -- now usually in a
derogatory sense.
Beneath it nothing but a great simulacrum. Thackeray.
Simular
Sim"u*lar (?), n. [Cf. L. simulator, F. simulateur. See Simulate.] One
who pretends to be what he is not; one who, or that which, simulates
or counterfeits something; a pretender. [Obs.] Shak.
Christ calleth the Pharisees hypocrites, that is to say, simulars,
and painted sepulchers. Tyndale.
Simular
Sim"u*lar, a. False; specious; counterfeit. [R. & Obs.] "Thou simular
man of virtue." Shak.
Simulate
Sim"u*late (?), a. [L. simulatus, p. p. of simulare to simulate; akin
to simul at the same time, together, similis like. See Similar, and
cf. Dissemble, Semblance.] Feigned; pretended. Bale.
Simulate
Sim"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Simulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Simulating.] To assume the mere appearance of, without the reality; to
assume the signs or indications of, falsely; to counterfeit; to feign.
The Puritans, even in the depths of the dungeons to which she had
sent them, prayed, and with no simulated fervor, that she might be
kept from the dagger of the assassin. Macaulay.
Simulation
Sim`u*la"tion (?), n. [F. simulation, L. simulatio.] The act of
simulating, or assuming an appearance which is feigned, or not true;
-- distinguished from dissimulation, which disguises or conceals what
is true. Syn. -- Counterfeiting; feint; pretense.
Simulator
Sim"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who simulates, or feigns. De Quincey.
Simulatory
Sim"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Simulated, or capable of being simulated. Bp.
Hall.
Simultaneity
Si`mul*ta*ne"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being simultaneous;
simultaneousness.
Simultaneous
Si`mul*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [LL. simultim at the same time, fr. L. simul.
See Simulate.] Existing, happening, or done, at the same time; as,
simultaneous events. -- Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv. --
Si`mul*ta"ne*ous*ness, n. Simultaneous equations (Alg.), two or more
equations in which the values of the unknown quantities entering them
are the same at the same time in both or in all.
Simulty
Sim"ul*ty (?), n. [L. simultas a hostile encounter, drudge,
originally, a (hostile) coming together, fr. simul together: cf. OF.
simult\'82.] Private grudge or quarrel; as, domestic simulties. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Sin
Sin (?), adv., prep., & conj. Old form of Since. [Obs. or Prov.Eng. &
Scot.]
Sin that his lord was twenty year of age. Chaucer.
Sin
Sin, n. [OE. sinne, AS. synn, syn; akin to D. zonde, OS. sundia, OHG.
sunta, G. s\'81nde, Icel., Dan. & Sw. synd, L. sons, sontis, guilty,
perhaps originally from the p. pr. of the verb signifying, to be, and
meaning, the one who it is. Cf. Authentic, Sooth.]
1. Transgression of the law of God; disobedience of the divine
command; any violation of God's will, either in purpose or conduct;
moral deficiency in the character; iniquity; as, sins of omission and
sins of commission.
Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin. John viii. 34.
Sin is the transgression of the law. 1 John iii. 4.
I think 't no sin. To cozen him that would unjustly win. Shak.
Enthralled By sin to foul, exorbitant desires. Milton.
2. An offense, in general; a violation of propriety; a misdemeanor;
as, a sin against good manners.
I grant that poetry's a crying sin. Pope.
3. A sin offering; a sacrifice for sin.
He hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin. 2 Cor. v. 21.
4. An embodiment of sin; a very wicked person. [R.]
Thy ambition, Thou scarlet sin, robbed this bewailing land Of noble
Buckingham. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sin is used in the formation of some compound words of
obvious signification; as, sin-born; sin-bred, sin-oppressed,
sin-polluted, and the like.
Actual sin, Canonical sins, Original sin, Venial sin. See under
Actual, Canonical, etc. -- Deadly, OR Mortal, sins (R. C. Ch.),
willful and deliberate transgressions, which take away divine grace;
-- in distinction from vental sins. The seven deadly sins are pride,
covetousness, lust, wrath, gluttony, envy, and sloth. -- Sin eater, a
man who (according to a former practice in England) for a small
gratuity ate a piece of bread laid on the chest of a dead person,
whereby he was supposed to have taken the sins of the dead person upon
himself. -- Sin offering, a sacrifice for sin; something offered as an
expiation for sin. Syn. -- Iniquity; wickedness; wrong. See Crime.
Sin
Sin, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sinned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sinning.] [OE.
sinnen, singen, sinegen, AS. syngian. See Sin, n.]
1. To depart voluntarily from the path of duty prescribed by God to
man; to violate the divine law in any particular, by actual
transgression or by the neglect or nonobservance of its injunctions;
to violate any known rule of duty; -- often followed by against.
Against thee, thee only, have I sinned. Ps. li. 4.
All have sinned, and come short of the glory of God. Rom. iii. 23.
2. To violate human rights, law, or propriety; to commit an offense;
to trespass; to transgress.
I am a man More sinned against than sinning. Shak.
Who but wishes to invert the laws Of order, sins against the
eternal cause. Pope.
Sinaic, Sinaitic
Si*na"ic (?), Si`na*it"ic (?), a. [From Mount Sinai.] Of or pertaining
to Mount Sinai; given or made at Mount Sinai; as, the Sinaitic law.
Sinaitic manuscript, a fourth century Greek manuscript of the part
Bible, discovered at Mount Sinai (the greater part of it in 1859) by
Tisschendorf, a German Biblical critic; -- called also Codex
Sinaiticus.
Sinalbin
Sin*al"bin (?), n. [From L. Sinapis + alba.] (Chem.) A glucoside found
in the seeds of white mustard (Brassica alba, formerly Sinapis alba),
and extracted as a white crystalline substance.
Sinamine
Sin*am"ine (?), n. [Sinapis + melamine.] (Chem.) A bitter white
crystalline nitrogenous substance, obtained indirectly from oil of
mustard and ammonia; -- called also allyl melamine.
Sinapate
Sin"a*pate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sinapic acid.
Sinapic
Sin"a*pic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to sinapine; specifically,
designating an acid (C11H12O5) related to gallic acid, and obtained by
the decomposition of sinapine, as a white crystalline substance.
Sinapine
Sin"a*pine (?), n. [L. sinapi, sinapis, mustard, Gr. sinapine.]
(Chem.) An alkaloid occuring in the seeds of mustard. It is extracted,
in combination with sulphocyanic acid, as a white crystalline
substance, having a hot, bitter taste. When sinapine is isolated it is
unstable and undergoes decomposition.
Sinapis
Si*na"pis (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A disused generic name for mustard; --
now called Brassica.
Sinapisin
Sin"a*pis`in (?), n. (Chem.) A substance extracted from mustard seed
and probably identical with sinalbin. [Obs.]
Sinapism
Sin"a*pism (?), n. [L. sinapismus, Gr. (Med.) A plaster or poultice
composed principally of powdered mustard seed, or containing the
volatile oil of mustard seed. It is a powerful irritant.
Sinapoleic
Sin`a*po*le"ic (?), a. [Sinapis + oleic.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to
mustard oil; specifically, designating an acid of the oleic acid
series said to occur in mistard oil.
Sinapoline
Si*nap"o*line (?), n. [Sinapis + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous
base, CO.(NH.C3H5)2, related to urea, extracted from mustard oil, and
also produced artifically, as a white crystalline substance; -- called
also diallyl urea.
Sincaline
Sin"ca*line (?), n. [So called because obtained by the action of
alkalies on sinapine.] (Chem.) Choline. [Written also sinkaline.]
Since
Since (?), adv. [For sins, contr. fr. OE. sithens, sithenes, formed by
an adverbial ending (cf. Besides) from OE. sithen, also shortened into
sithe, sin, AS. si, sy, seo, afterward, then, since, after; properly,
after that; fr. s\'c6s\'c6 afterward, since, OHG. s\'c6d, G. seit
since, Goth. seipus late, ni sei no longer) + instrumental of the
demonstrative and article. See That.]
1. From a definite past time until now; as, he went a month ago, and I
have not seen him since.
We since become the slaves to one man's lust. B. Jonson.
2. In the time past, counting backward from the present; before this
or now; ago.
w many ages since has Virgil writ? Roscommon.
About two years since, it so fell out, that he was brought to a
great lady's house. Sir P. Sidney.
3. When or that. [Obs.]
Do you remember since we lay all night in the windmill in St.
George's field? Shak.
Since
Since, prep. From the time of; in or during the time subsequent to;
subsequently to; after; -- usually with a past event or time for the
object.
The Lord hath blessed thee, since my coming. Gen. xxx. 30.
I have a model by which he build a nobler poem than any extant
since the ancients. Dryden.
Since
Since, conj. Seeing that; because; considering; -- formerly followed
by that.
Since that my penitence comes after all, Imploring pardon. Shak.
Since truth and constancy are vain, Since neither love, nor sense
of pain, Nor force of reason, can persuade, Then let example be
obeyed. Granville.
Syn. -- Because; for; as; inasmuch as; considering. See Because.
Sincere
Sin*cere" (?), a. [Compar. Sincerer (?); superl. Sincerest.] [L.
sincerus, of uncertain origin; the first part perhaps akin to sin- in
singuli (see Single), and the second to cernere to separate (cf.
Discern): cf. F. sinc\'8are.]
1. Pure; unmixed; unadulterated.
There is no sincere acid in any animal juice. Arbuthnot.
A joy which never was sincere till now. Dryden.
2. Whole; perfect; unhurt; uninjured. [Obs.]
The inviolable body stood sincere. Dryden.
3. Being in reality what it appears to be; having a character which
corresponds with the appearance; not falsely assumed; genuine; true;
real; as, a sincere desire for knowledge; a sincere contempt for
meanness.
A sincere intention of pleasing God in all our actions. Law.
4. Honest; free from hypocrisy or dissimulation; as, a sincere friend;
a sincere person.
The more sincere you are, the better it will fare with you at the
great day of account. Waterland.
Syn. -- Honest; unfeigned; unvarnished; real; true; unaffected;
inartificial; frank; upright. See Hearty.
Sincerely
Sin*cere"ly, adv. In a sincere manner. Specifically: (a) Purely;
without alloy. Milton. (b) Honestly; unfeignedly; without
dissimulation; as, to speak one's mind sincerely; to love virtue
sincerely.
Sincereness
Sin*cere"ness, n. Same as Sincerity. Beau & Fl.
Sincerity
Sin*cer"i*ty (?), n. [L. sinceritas: cf. F. sinc\'82rit\'82.] The
quality or state of being sincere; honesty of mind or intention;
freedom from simulation, hypocrisy, disguise, or false pretense;
sincereness.
I protest, in the sincerity of love. Shak.
Sincerity is a duty no less plain than important. Knox.
Sinch
Sinch (?), n. [See Cinch.] A saddle girth made of leather, canvas,
woven horsehair, or woven grass. [Western U.S.]
Sinch
Sinch, v. t. To gird with a sinch; to tighten the sinch or girth of (a
saddle); as, to sinch up a sadle. [Western U.S.]
Sincipital
Sin*cip"i*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sinciput; being
in the region of the sinciput.
Sinciput
Sin"ci*put (?), n. [L., half a head; semihalf + caput the head.]
1. (Anat.) The fore part of the head.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The part of the head of a bird between the base of the
bill and the vertex.
Sindon
Sin"don (?), n. [L., a kind of fine Indian cotton stuff, Gr.
1. A wrapper. [Obs.] "Wrapped in sindons of linen." Bacon.
2. (Surg.) A small rag or pledget introduced into the hole in the
cranium made by a trephine. Dunglison.
Sine
Sine (?), n. [LL. sinus a sine, L. sinus bosom, used in translating
the Ar. jaib, properly, bosom, but probably read by mistake (the
consonants being the same) for an original j\'c6ba sine, from Skr.
j\'c6va bowstring, chord of an arc, sine.] (Trig.) (a) The length of a
perpendicular drawn from one extremity of an arc of a circle to the
diameter drawn through the other extremity. (b) The perpendicular
itself. See Sine of angle, below. Artificial sines, logarithms of the
natural sines, or logarithmic sines. -- Curve of sines. See Sinusoid.
-- Natural sines, the decimals expressing the values of the sines, the
radius being unity. -- Sine of an angle, in a circle whose radius is
unity, the sine of the arc that measures the angle; in a right-angled
triangle, the side opposite the given angle divided by the hypotenuse.
See Trigonometrical function, under Function. -- Versed sine, that
part of the diameter between the sine and the arc.
Sine
Si"ne (?), prep. [L.] Without.
Sinecural
Si"ne*cu`ral (?), a. Of or pertaining to a sinecure; being in the
nature of a sinecure.
Sinecure
Si`ne*cure (?), n. [L. sine without + cura care, LL., a cure. See
Cure.]
1. An ecclesiastical benefice without the care of souls. Ayliffe.
2. Any office or position which requires or involves little or no
responsibility, labor, or active service.
A lucrative sinecure in the Excise. Macaulay.
Sinecure
Si"ne*cure, v. t. To put or place in a sinecure.
Sinecurism
Si"ne*cu*rism (?), n. The state of having a sinecure.
Sinecurist
Si"ne*cu*rist (?), n. One who has a sinecure.
Sinew
Sin"ew (?), n. [OE. sinewe, senewe, AS. sinu, seonu; akin to D. zenuw,
OHG. senawa, G. sehne, Icel. sin, Sw. sena, Dan. sene; cf. Skr.
sn\'beva. &root;290.]
1. (Anat.) A tendon or tendonous tissue. See Tendon.
2. Muscle; nerve. [R.] Sir J. Davies.
3. Fig.: That which supplies strength or power.
The portion and sinew of her fortune, her marriage dowry. Shak.
The bodies of men, munition, and money, may justly be called the
sinews of war. Sir W. Raleigh.
NOTE: &hand; Money alone is often called the sinews of war.
Sinew
Sin"ew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sinewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sinewing.] To
knit together, or make strong with, or as with, sinews. Shak.
Wretches, now stuck up for long tortures . . . might, if properly
treated, serve to sinew the state in time of danger. Goldsmith.
Sinewed
Sin"ewed (?), a.
1. Furnished with sinews; as, a strong-sinewed youth.
2. Fig.: Equipped; strengthened.
When he sees Ourselves well sinewed to our defense. Shak.
Sinewiness
Sin"ew*i*ness (?), n. Quality of being sinewy.
Sinewish
Sin"ew*ish, a. Sinewy. [Obs.] Holinshed.
Sinewless
Sin"ew*less, a. Having no sinews; hence, having no strength or vigor.
Sinewous
Sin"ew*ous (?), a. Sinewy. [Obs.] Holinshed.
Sinew-shrunk
Sin"ew-shrunk` (?), a. (Far.) Having the sinews under the belly shrunk
by excessive fatigue.
Sinewy
Sin"ew*y (?), a.
1. Pertaining to, consisting of, or resembling, a sinew or sinews.
The sinewy thread my brain lets fall. Donne.
2. Well braced with, or as if with, sinews; nervous; vigorous; strong;
firm; tough; as, the sinewy Ajax.
A man whose words . . . were so close and sinewy. Hare.
Sinful
Sin"ful (?), a. [AAS. synfull.] Tainted with, or full of, sin; wicked;
iniquitous; criminal; unholy; as, sinful men; sinful thoughts. Piers
Plowman.
Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity. Isa. i. 4.
-- Sin"ful*ly, adv. -- Sin"ful*ness, n.
Sing
Sing (?), v. i. [imp. Sung (?) or Sang (; p. p. Sung; p. pr. & vb. n.
Singing.] [AS. singan; akin to D. zingen, OS. & OHG. singan, G.
singen, Icel. syngja, Sw. sjunga, Dan. synge, Goth. siggwan, and
perhaps to E. say, v.t., or cf. Gr. Singe, Song.]
1. To utter sounds with musical inflections or melodious modulations
of voice, as fancy may dictate, or according to the notes of a song or
tune, or of a given part (as alto, tenor, etc.) in a chorus or
concerted piece.
The noise of them that sing do I hear. Ex. xxxii. 18.
2. To utter sweet melodious sounds, as birds do.
On every bough the briddes heard I sing. Chaucer.
Singing birds, in silver cages hung. Dryden.
3. To make a small, shrill sound; as, the air sings in passing through
a crevice.
O'er his head the flying spear Sang innocent, and spent its force
in air. Pope.
4. To tell or relate something in numbers or verse; to celebrate
something in poetry. Milton.
Bid her . . . sing Of human hope by cross event destroyed. Prior.
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5. Ti cry out; to complain. [Obs.]
They should sing if thet they were bent. Chaucer.
Sing
Sing (?), v. t.
1. To utter with musical infections or modulations of voice.
And they sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song
of the Lamb. Rev. xv. 3.
And in the darkness sing your carol of high praise. Keble.
2. To celebrate is song; to give praises to in verse; to relate or
rehearse in numbers, verse, or poetry. Milton.
Arms and the man I sing. Dryden.
The last, the happiest British king, Whom thou shalt paint or I
shall sing. Addison.
3. To influence by singing; to lull by singing; as, to sing
a child to sleep.
4. To accompany, or attend on, with singing.
I heard them singing home the bride. Longfellow.
Singe
Singe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Singed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Singeing
(?).] [OE. sengen, AS. sengan in besengan (akin to D. zengen, G.
sengen), originally, to cause to sing, fr. AS. singan to sing, in
allusion to the singing or hissing sound often produced when a
substance is singed, or slightly burned. See Sing.]
1. To burn slightly or superficially; to burn the surface of; to burn
the ends or outside of; as, to singe the hair or the skin.
You sulphurous and thought-executing fires, . . . Singe my white
head! Shak.
I singed the toes of an ape through a burning glass. L'Estrange.
2. (a) To remove the nap of (cloth), by passing it rapidly over a
red-hot bar, or over a flame, preliminary to dyeing it. (b) To remove
the hair or down from (a plucked chicken or the like) by passing it
over a flame.
Singe
Singe, n. A burning of the surface; a slight burn.
Singer
Sin"ger (?), n. [From Singe.] One who, or that which, singes.
Specifically: (a) One employed to singe cloth. (b) A machine for
singeing cloth.
Singer
Sing"er (?), n. [From Sing.] One who sings; especially, one whose
profession is to sing.
Singeress
Sing"er*ess, n. A songstress. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Singhalese
Sin`gha*lese" (?), n. & a. [Skr.Si Ceylon.] (Ethnol.) Same as
Cingalese.
Singing
Sing"ing (?), a. & n. from Sing, v. Singing bird. (Zo\'94l.) (a)
Popularly, any bird that sings; a song bird. (b) Specifically, any one
of the Oscines. -- Singing book, a book containing music for singing;
a book of tunes. -- Singing falcon OR hawk. (Zo\'94l.) See Chanting
falcon, under Chanting. -- Singing fish (Zo\'94l.), a California
toadfish (Porichthys porosissimus). -- Singing flame (Acoustics), a
flame, as of hydrogen or coal gas, burning within a tube and so
adjusted as to set the air within the tube in vibration, causing
sound. The apparatus is called also chemical harmonicon. -- Singing
master, a man who teaches vocal music. -- Singing school, a school in
which persons are instructed in singing.
Singingly
Sing"ing*ly, adv. With sounds like singing; with a kind of tune; in a
singing tone. G. North (1575).
Single
Sin"gle (?), a. [L. singulus, a dim. from the root in simplex simple;
cf. OE. & OF. sengle, fr. L. singulus. See Simple, and cf. Singular.]
1. One only, as distinguished from more than one; consisting of one
alone; individual; separate; as, a single star.
No single man is born with a right of controlling the opinions of
all the rest. Pope.
2. Alone; having no companion.
Who single hast maintained, Against revolted multitudes, the cause
Of truth. Milton.
3. Hence, unmarried; as, a single man or woman.
Grows, lives, and dies in single blessedness. Shak.
Single chose to live, and shunned to wed. Dryden.
4. Not doubled, twisted together, or combined with others; as, a
single thread; a single strand of a rope.
5. Performed by one person, or one on each side; as, a single combat.
These shifts refuted, answer thy appellant, . . . Who now defles
thee thrice ti single fight. Milton.
6. Uncompounded; pure; unmixed.
Simple ideas are opposed to complex, and single to compound. I.
Watts.
7. Not deceitful or artful; honest; sincere.
I speak it with a single heart. Shak.
8. Simple; not wise; weak; silly. [Obs.]
He utters such single matter in so infantly a voice. Beau & Fl.
Single ale, beer, OR drink, small ale, etc., as contrasted with double
ale, etc., which is stronger. [Obs.] Nares. -- Single bill (Law), a
written engagement, generally under seal, for the payment of money,
without a penalty. Burril. -- Single court (Lawn Tennis), a court laid
out for only two players. -- Single-cut file. See the Note under 4th
File. -- Single entry. See under Bookkeeping. -- Single file. See
under 1st File. -- Single flower (Bot.), a flower with but one set of
petals, as a wild rose. -- Single knot. See Illust. under Knot. --
Single whip (Naut.), a single rope running through a fixed block.
Single
Sin"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Singled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Singling
(?).]
1. To select, as an individual person or thing, from among a number;
to choose out from others; to separate.
Dogs who hereby can single out their master in the dark. Bacon.
His blood! she faintly screamed her mind Still singling one from
all mankind. More.
2. To sequester; to withdraw; to retire. [Obs.]
An agent singling itself from consorts. Hooker.
3. To take alone, or one by one.
Men . . . commendable when they are singled. Hooker.
Single
Sin"gle, v. i. To take the irrregular gait called single-foot;- said
of a horse. See Single-foot.
Many very fleet horses, when overdriven, adopt a disagreeable gait,
which seems to be a cross between a pace and a trot, in which the
two legs of one side are raised almost but not quite,
simultaneously. Such horses are said to single, or to be
single-footed. W. S. Clark.
Single
Sin"gle, n.
1. A unit; one; as, to score a single.
2. pl. The reeled filaments of silk, twisted without doubling to give
them firmness.
3. A handful of gleaned grain. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
4. (Law Tennis) A game with but one player on each side; -- usually in
the plural.
5. (Baseball) A hit by a batter which enables him to reach first base
only.
Single-acting
Sin"gle-act`ing (?), a. Having simplicity of action; especially
(Mach.), acting or exerting force during strokes in one direction
only; -- said of a reciprocating engine, pump, etc.
Single-breasted
Sin"gle-breast`ed (?), a. Lapping over the breast only far enough to
permit of buttoning, and having buttons on one edge only; as, a
single-breasted coast.
Single-foot
Sin"gle-foot` (?), n. An irregular gait of a horse; -- called also
single-footed pace. See Single, v. i.
Single-foot is an irregular pace, rather rare, distinguished by the
posterior extremities moving in the order of a fast walk, and the
anterior extremities in that of a slow trot. Stillman (The Horse in
Motion.)
Single-handed
Sin"gle-hand"ed (?), a. Having but one hand, or one workman; also,
alone; unassisted. <-- single-handedly, adv. by oneself, alone,
unassisted. -->
Single-hearted
Sin"gle-heart"ed (?), a. Having an honest heart; free from duplicity.
-- Sin"gle-heart"ed*ly, adv.
Single-minded
Sin"gle-mind"ed (?), a. Having a single purpose; hence, artless;
guileless; single-hearted.
Singleness
Sin"gle*ness, n.
1. The quality or state of being single, or separate from all others;
the opposite of doubleness, complication, or multiplicity.
2. Freedom from duplicity, or secondary and selfish ends; purity of
mind or purpose; simplicity; sincerity; as, singleness of purpose;
singleness of heart.
Singles
Sin"gles (?), n. pl. See Single, n., 2.
Singlestick
Sin"gle*stick` (?), n. (a) In England and Scotland, a cudgel used in
fencing or fighting; a backsword. (b) The game played with
singlesticks, in which he who first brings blood from his adversary's
head is pronounced victor; backsword; cudgeling.
Singlet
Sin"glet (?), n. An unlined or undyed waistcoat; a single garment; --
opposed to doublet. [Prov. Eng.]
Singleton
Sin"gle*ton (?), n. In certain games at cards, as whist, a single card
of any suit held at the deal by a player; as, to lead a singleton.
Singletree
Sin"gle*tree` (?), n. [Cf. Swingletree.] The pivoted or swinging bar
to which the traces of a harnessed horse are fixed; a whiffletree.
NOTE: &hand; When two horses draw abreast, a singletree is fixed at
each end of another crosspiece, called the doubletree.
Singly
Sin"gly (?), adv.
1. Individually; particularly; severally; as, to make men singly and
personally good.
2. Only; by one's self; alone.
Look thee, 't is so! Thou singly honest man. Shak.
3. Without partners, companions, or associates; single-handed; as, to
attack another singly.
At omber singly to decide their doom. Pope.
4. Honestly; sincerely; simply. [R.] Johnson.
5. Singularly; peculiarly. [Obs.] Milton.
Sing-sing
Sing"-sing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The kob.
Singsong
Sing"song` (?), n.
1. Bad singing or poetry.
2. A drawling or monotonous tone, as of a badly executed song.
Singsong
Sing"song`, a. Drawling; monotonous.
Singsong
Sing"song`, v. i. To write poor poetry. [R.] Tennyson.
Singster
Sing"ster (?), n. A songstress. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Singular
Sin"gu*lar (?), a. [OE. singuler, F. singulier, fr. L. singularius,
singularis, fr. singulus single. See Single, a.]
1. Separate or apart from others; single; distinct. [Obs.] Bacon.
And God forbid that all a company Should rue a singular man's
folly. Chaucer.
2. Engaged in by only one on a side; single. [Obs.]
To try the matter thus together in a singular combat. Holinshed.
3. (Logic) Existing by itself; single; individual.
The idea which represents one . . . determinate thing, is called a
singular idea, whether simple, complex, or compound. I. Watts.
4. (Law) Each; individual; as, to convey several parcels of land, all
and singular.
5. (Gram.) Denoting one person or thing; as, the singular number; --
opposed to dual and plural.
6. Standing by itself; out of the ordinary course; unusual; uncommon;
strange; as, a singular phenomenon.
So singular a sadness Must have a cause as strange as the effect.
Denham.
7. Distinguished as existing in a very high degree; rarely equaled;
eminent; extraordinary; exceptional; as, a man of singular gravity or
attainments.
8. Departing from general usage or expectations; odd; whimsical; --
often implying disapproval or consure.
His zeal None seconded, as out of season judged, Or singular and
rash. Milton.
To be singular in anything that is wise and worthy, is not a
disparagement, but a praise. Tillotson.
9. Being alone; belonging to, or being, that of which there is but
one; unique.
These busts of the emperors and empresses are all very scarce, and
some of them almost singular in their kind. Addison.
Singular point in a curve (Math.), a point at which the curve
possesses some peculiar properties not possessed by other points of
the curve, as a cusp point, or a multiple point. -- Singular
proposition (Logic), a proposition having as its subject a singular
term, or a common term limited to an individual by means of a singular
sign. Whately. -- Singular succession (Civil Law), division among
individual successors, as distinguished from universal succession, by
which an estate descended in intestacy to the heirs in mass. --
Singular term (Logic), a term which represents or stands for a single
individual. Syn. -- Unexampled; unprecedented; eminent; extraordinary;
remarkable; uncommon; rare; unusual; peculiar; strange; odd;
eccentric; fantastic.
Singular
Sin"gu*lar, n.
1. An individual instance; a particular. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
2. (Gram) The singular number, or the number denoting one person or
thing; a word in the singular number.
Singularist
Sin"gu*lar*ist (?), n. One who affects singularity. [Obs.]
A clownish singularist, or nonconformist to ordinary usage. Borrow.
Singularity
Sin`gu*lar"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Singularities (#). [L. singularitas: cf.
F. singularit\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being singular; some character or quality
of a thing by which it is distinguished from all, or from most,
others; peculiarity.
Pliny addeth this singularity to that soil, that the second year
the very falling down of the seeds yieldeth corn. Sir. W. Raleigh.
I took notice of this little figure for the singularity of the
instrument. Addison.
2. Anything singular, rare, or curious.
Your gallery Have we passed through, not without much content In
many singularities. Shak.
3. Possession of a particular or exclusive privilege, prerogative, or
distinction.
No bishop of Rome ever took upon him this name of singularity
[universal bishop]. Hooker.
Catholicism . . . must be understood in opposition to the legal
singularity of the Jewish nation. Bp. Pearson.
4. Celibacy. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Singularize
Sin"gu*lar*ize (?), v. t. To make singular or single; to distinguish.
[R.]
Singularly
Sin"gu*lar*ly, adv.
1. In a singular manner; in a manner, or to a degree, not common to
others; extraordinarily; as, to be singularly exact in one's
statements; singularly considerate of others. "Singularly handsome."
Milman.
2. Strangely; oddly; as, to behave singularly.
3. So as to express one, or the singular number.
Singult
Sin"gult (?), n.[L. singultus.] A sigh or sobbing; also, a hiccough.
[Obs.] Spenser. W. Browne.
Singultous
Sin*gul"tous (?), a. (Med.) Relating to, or affected with, hiccough.
Dunglison.
Singultus
Sin*gul"tus (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Hiccough.
Sinical
Sin"i*cal (?), a. [From Sine.] (Trig.) Of or pertaining to a sine;
employing, or founded upon, sines; as, a sinical quadrant.
Sinigrin
Sin"i*grin (?), n. [From NL. Sinapis nigra.] (Chem.) A glucoside found
in the seeds of black mustard (Brassica nigra, formerly Sinapis nigra)
It resembles sinalbin, and consists of a potassium salt of myronic
acid.
Sinister
Sin"is*ter (?), a. [Accented on the middle syllable by the older
poets, as Shakespeare, Milton, Dryden.] [L. sinister: cf. F.
sinistre.]
1. On the left hand, or the side of the left hand; left; -- opposed to
dexter, or right. "Here on his sinister cheek." Shak.
My mother's blood Runs on the dexter cheek, and this sinister
Bounds in my father's Shak.
NOTE: &hand; In he raldy the sinister side of an escutcheon is the
side which would be on the left of the bearer of the shield, and
opposite the right hand of the beholder.
2. Unlucky; inauspicious; disastrous; injurious; evil; -- the left
being usually regarded as the unlucky side; as, sinister influences.
All the several ills that visit earth, Brought forth by night, with
a sinister birth. B. Jonson.
3. Wrong, as springing from indirection or obliquity; perverse;
dishonest; corrupt; as, sinister aims.
Nimble and sinister tricks and shifts. Bacon.
He scorns to undermine another's interest by any sinister or
inferior arts. South.
He read in their looks . . . sinister intentions directed
particularly toward himself. Sir W. Scott.
4. Indicative of lurking evil or harm; boding covert danger; as, a
sinister countenance.
Bar sinister. (Her.) See under Bar, n. -- Sinister aspect (Astrol.),
an appearance of two planets happening according to the succession of
the signs, as Saturn in Aries, and Mars in the same degree of Gemini.
-- Sinister base, Sinister chief. See under Escutcheon.
Sinister-handed
Sin"is*ter-hand"ed (?), a. Left-handed; hence, unlucky. [Obs.]
Lovelace.
Sinisterly
Sin"is*ter*ly, adv. In a sinister manner. Wood.
Sinistrad
Sin"is*trad (?), adv. [L. sinistra the left hand + ad tp.] (Anat. &
Zo\'94l.) Toward the left side; sinistrally.
Sinistral
Sin"is*tral (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to the left, inclining to the left; sinistrous; --
opposed to dextral.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the whorls of the spire revolving or rising to
the left; reversed; -- said of certain spiral shells.
Sinistrality
Sin`is*tral"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sinistral.
Sinistrally
Sin"is*tral*ly (?), adv. Toward the left; in a sinistral manner. J. Le
Conte.
Sinistrin
Sin"is*trin (?), n. [L. sinister left.] (Chem.) A mucilaginous
carbohydrate, resembling achro\'94dextrin, extracted from squill as a
colorless amorphous substance; -- so called because it is
levorotatory.
Sinistrorsal
Sin`is*tror"sal (?), a. [L.sinistrorsus, sinistroversus, turned toward
the left side; sinister left + vertere, vortere, versum, vorsum, to
turn.] Rising spirally from right to left (of the spectator);
sinistrorse.
Sinistrorse
Sin"is*trorse` (?), a. [See Sinistrolsal.] Turning to the left (of the
spectator) in the ascending line; -- the opposite of dextrorse. See
Dextrorse.
Sinistrous
Sin"is*trous (?), a. [See Sinister.]
1. Being on the left side; inclined to the left; sinistral.
"Sinistrous gravity." Sir T. Browne.
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2. Wrong; absurd; perverse.
A knave or fool can do no harm, even by the most sinistrous and
absurd choice. Bentley.
Sinistrously
Sin"is*trous*ly (?), adv.
1. In a sinistrous manner; perversely; wrongly; unluckily.
2. With a tendency to use the left hand.
Many, in their infancy, are sinistrously disposed, and divers
continue all their life left-handed. Sir T. Browne.
Sink
Sink (?), v. i. [imp. Sunk (?), or (Sank (); p. p. Sunk (obs. Sunken,
-- now used as adj.); p. pr. & vb. n. Sinking.] [OE. sinken, AS.
sincan; akin to D. zinken, OS. sincan, G. sinken, Icel. s\'94kkva,
Dan. synke, Sw. sjunka, Goth. siggan, and probably to E. silt. Cf.
Silt.]
1. To fall by, or as by, the force of gravity; to descend lower and
lower; to decline gradually; to subside; as, a stone sinks in water;
waves rise and sink; the sun sinks in the west.
I sink in deep mire. Ps. lxix. 2.
2. To enter deeply; to fall or retire beneath or below the surface; to
penetrate.
The stone sunk into his forehead. 1 San. xvii. 49.
3. Hence, to enter so as to make an abiding impression; to enter
completely.
Let these sayings sink down into your ears. Luke ix. 44.
4. To be overwhelmed or depressed; to fall slowly, as so the ground,
from weakness or from an overburden; to fail in strength; to decline;
to decay; to decrease.
I think our country sinks beneath the yoke. Shak.
He sunk down in his chariot. 2 Kings ix. 24.
Let not the fire sink or slacken. Mortimer.
5. To decrease in volume, as a river; to subside; to become diminished
in volume or in apparent height.
The Alps and Pyreneans sink before him. Addison.
Syn. -- To fall; subside; drop; droop; lower; decline; decay;
decrease; lessen.
Sink
Sink, v. t.
1. To cause to sink; to put under water; to immerse or submerge in a
fluid; as, to sink a ship.
[The Athenians] fell upon the wings and sank a single ship. Jowett
(Thucyd.).
2. Figuratively: To cause to decline; to depress; to degrade; hence,
to ruin irretrievably; to destroy, as by drowping; as, to sink one's
reputation.
I raise of sink, imprison or set free. Prior.
If I have a conscience, let it sink me. Shak.
Thy cruel and unnatural lust of power Has sunk thy father more than
all his years. Rowe.
3. To make (a depression) by digging, delving, or cutting, etc.; as,
to sink a pit or a well; to sink a die.
4. To bring low; to reduce in quantity; to waste.
You sunk the river repeated draughts. Addison.
5. To conseal and appropriate. [Slang]
If sent with ready money to buy anything, and you happen to be out
of pocket, sink the money, and take up the goods on account. Swift.
6. To keep out of sight; to suppress; to ignore.
A courtly willingness to sink obnoxious truths. Robertson.
7. To reduce or extinguish by payment; as, to sink the national debt.
Sink
Sink, n.
1. A drain to carry off filthy water; a jakes.
2. A shallow box or vessel of wood, stone, iron, or other material,
connected with a drain, and used for receiving filthy water, etc., as
in a kitchen.
3. A hole or low place in land or rock, where waters sink and are
lost; -- called also sink hole. [U. S.]
Sink hole. (a) The opening to a sink drain. (b) A cesspool. (c) Same
as Sink, n., 3.
Sinker
Sink"er (?), n. One who, or that which, sinks. Specifically: (a) A
weight on something, as on a fish line, to sink it. (b) In knitting
machines, one of the thin plates, blades, or other devices, that
depress the loops upon or between the needles. Dividing sinker, in
knitting machines, a sinker between two jack sinkers and acting
alternately with them. -- Jack sinker. See under Jack, n. -- Sinker
bar. (a) In knitting machines, a bar to which one set of the sinkers
is attached. (b) In deep well boring, a heavy bar forming a connection
between the lifting rope and the boring tools, above the jars.
Sinking
Sink"ing, a & n. from Sink. Sinking fund. See under Fund. -- Sinking
head (Founding), a riser from which the mold is fed as the casting
shrinks. See Riser, n., 4. -- Sinking pump, a pump which can be
lowered in a well or a mine shaft as the level of the water sinks.
Sinless
Sin"less (?), a. Free from sin. Piers Plowman. -- Sin"less*ly, adv. --
Sin"less*ness, n.
Sinner
Sin"ner (?), n. One who has sinned; especially, one who has sinned
without repenting; hence, a persistent and incorrigible transgressor;
one condemned by the law of God.
Sinner
Sin"ner, v. i. To act as a sinner. [Humorous]
Whether the charmer sinner it or saint it. Pope.
Sinneress
Sin"ner*ess, n. A woman who sins. [Obs.]
Sinnet
Sin"net (?), n. See Sennit .
Sinological
Sin`o*log"ic*al (?), a. [See Sinilogue.] Relating to the Chinese
language or literature.
Sinologist
Si*nol"o*gist (?), n. A sinilogue.
Sinologue
Sin"o*logue (?), n. [From L. Sinae, an Oriental people mentioned by
Ptolemy, or Ar. Sin China or the Chinese + Gr. theologue: cf. F.
sinologue.] A student of Chinese; one versed in the Chinese language,
literature, and history.
Sinology
Si*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Cf. F. sinologie.] That branch of systemized
knowledge which treats of the Chinese, their language, literature,
etc.
Sinoper
Sin"o*per (?), n. (Min.) Sinople.
Sinopia, Sinopis
Si*no"pi*a (?), Si*no"pis (?), n. A red pigment made from sinopite.
Sinopite
Sin"o*pite (?), n. [F., fr. L. sinopis (sc. terra), a red earth or
ocher found in Sinope, a town in Paphlagoma, on the Black Sea, Gr.
(Min.) A brickred ferruginous clay used by the ancients for red paint.
Sinople
Sin"o*ple (?), n. (Min.) Ferruginous quartz, of a blood-red or
brownish red color, sometimes with a tinge of yellow.
Sinople
Sin"o*ple, n. [F., fr. LL. sinopis. See Sinople a mineral.] (Her.) The
tincture vert; green.
Sinque
Sinque (?), n. See Cinque. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.
Sinsring
Sins"ring (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Banxring.
Sinter
Sin"ter (?), n. [G. Cf. Cinder.] (Min.) Dross, as of iron; the scale
which files from iron when hammered; -- applied as a name to various
minerals. Calcareous sinter, a loose banded variety of calcite formed
by deposition from lime-bearing waters; calcareous tufa; travertine.
-- Ceraunian sinter, fulgurite. -- Siliceous sinter, a light cellular
or fibrous opal; especially, geyserite (see Geyserite). It has often a
pearly luster, and is then called pearl sinter.
Sinto, OR Sintu, Sintoism, Sintoist
Sin"to (?), OR Sin"tu (?), Sin"to*ism (?), Sin"to*ist. See Shinto,
etc.
Sintoc
Sin"toc (?), n. A kind of spice used in the East Indies, consisting of
the bark of a species of Cinnamomum. [Written also sindoc.]
Siniate
Sin"i*ate (?), a. [L. sinuatus, p. p. of sinuare to wind, bend, fr.
sinus a bend.] Having the margin alternately curved inward and
outward; having rounded lobes separated by rounded sinuses; sinuous;
wavy.
Sinuate
Sin"u*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sinuated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sinuating.] To bend or curve in and out; to wind; to turn; to be
sinusous. Woodward.
Sinuated
Sin"u*a`ted (\'3e), a. Same as Sinuate.
Sinuation
Sin`u*a"tion (?), n. [L. sinuatio.] A winding or bending in and out.
Sinuose
Sin"u*ose` (?), a. Sinuous. Loudon.
Sinuosity
Sin`u*os"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Sinuosities (#). [Cf. F. sinuosit\'82.]
1. Quality or state of being sinuous.
2. A bend, or a series of bends and turns; a winding, or a series of
windings; a wave line; a curve.
A line of coast certainly amounting, with its sinuosities, to more
than 700 miles. Sydney Smith.
Sinuous
Sin"u*ous (?), a. [L. sinuosus, fr. sinus a bent surface, a curve: cf.
F. sinueux. See Sinus.] Bending in and out; of a serpentine or
undulating form; winding; crooked. -- Sin"u*ous*ly, adv.
Streaking the ground with sinuous trace. Milton.
Gardens bright with sinuous rills. Coleridge.
Sinupalliate
Si`nu*pal"li*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a pallial sinus. See under
Sinus.
Sinus
Si"nus (?), n.; pl. L. Sinus, E. Sinuses (#). [L., a bent surface, a
curve, the folds or bosom of a garment, etc., a bay. Cf. Sine, n.]
1. An opening; a hollow; a bending.
2. A bay of the sea; a recess in the shore.
3. (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) A cavity; a depression. Specifically: (a) A
cavity in a bone or other part, either closed or with a narrow
opening. (b) A dilated vessel or canal.
4. (Med.) A narrow, elongated cavity, in which pus is collected; an
elongated abscess with only a small orifice.
5. (Bot.) A depression between adjoining lobes.
NOTE: &hand; A si nus ma y be rounded, as in the leaf of the white
oak, or acute, as in that of the red maple.
Pallial sinus. (Zo\'94l.) See under Pallial. -- Sinus venosus (?).
[L., venous dilatation.] (Anat.) (a) The main part of the cavity of
the right auricle of the heart in the higher vertebrates. (b) In the
lower vertebrates, a distinct chamber of the heart formed by the union
of the large systematic veins and opening into the auricle.
Sinusoid
Si"nus*oid (?), n. [Sinus + -oid.] (Geom.) The curve whose ordinates
are proportional to the sines of the abscissas, the equation of the
curve being y = a sin x. It is also called the curve of sines.<--
pref. sine curve -->
Sinusoidal
Si`nus*oid"al (?), a. (Geom.) Of or pertaining to a sinusoid; like a
sinusoid.
Siogoon
Sio"goon (?), n. See Shogun.
Siogoonate
Sio*goon"ate (?), n. See Shogunate.
Sioux
Sioux (?), n. sing. & pl. (Ethnol.) See Dakotas.
Sip
Sip (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sipping.]
[OE. sippen; akin to OD. sippen, and AS. s to sip, suck up, drink. See
Sup, v. t.]
1. To drink or imbibe in small quantities; especially, to take in with
the lips in small quantities, as a liquid; as, to sip tea. "Every herb
that sips the dew." Milton.
2. To draw into the mouth; to suck up; as, a bee sips nectar from the
flowers.
3. To taste the liquor of; to drink out of. [Poetic]
They skim the floods, and sip the purple flowers. Dryden.
Sip
Sip, v. i. To drink a small quantity; to take a fluid with the lips;
to take a sip or sips of something.
[She] raised it to her mouth with sober grace; Then, sipping,
offered to the next in place. Dryden.
Sip
Sip, n.
1. The act of sipping; the taking of a liquid with the lips.
2. A small draught taken with the lips; a slight taste.
One sip of this Will bathe the drooping spirits in delight Beyond
the bliss of dreams. Milton.
A sip is all that the public ever care to take from reservoirs of
abstract philosophy. De Quincey.
Sipage
Sip"age (?), n. See Seepage. [Scot. & U.S.]
Sip
Sip (?), v. i. See Seep. [Scot. & U.S.]
Siphilis
Siph"i*lis (?), n. (Med.) Syphilis.
Siphoid
Si"phoid (?), n. [L. sipho a siphon + -oid: cf. F. vase sipho\'8bde.]
A siphon bottle. See under Siphon, n.
Siphon
Si"phon (?), n. [F. siphon, L. sipho, -onis, fr. Gr.
1. A device, consisting of a pipe or tube bent so as to form two
branches or legs of unequal length, by which a liquid can be
transferred to a lower level, as from one vessel to another, over an
intermediate elevation, by the action of the pressure of the
atmosphere in forcing the liquid up the shorter branch of the pipe
immersed in it, while the continued excess of weight of the liquid in
the longer branch (when once filled) causes a continuous flow. The
flow takes place only when the discharging extremity of the pipe ia
lower than the higher liquid surface, and when no part of the pipe is
higher above the surface than the same liquid will rise by atmospheric
pressure; that is, about 33 feet for water, and 30 inches for mercury,
near the sea level.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the tubes or folds of the mantle border of a
bivalve or gastropod mollusk by which water is conducted into the gill
cavity. See Illust. under Mya, and Lamellibranchiata. (b) The anterior
prolongation of the margin of any gastropod shell for the protection
of the soft siphon. (c) The tubular organ through which water is
ejected from the gill cavity of a cephaloid. It serves as a locomotive
organ, by guiding and confining the jet of water. Called also
siphuncle. See Illust. under Loligo, and Dibranchiata. (d) The
siphuncle of a cephalopod shell. (e) The sucking proboscis of certain
parasitic insects and crustaceans. (f) A sproutlike prolongation in
front of the mouth of many gephyreans. (g) A tubular organ connected
both with the esophagus and the intestine of certain sea urchins and
annelids.
3. A siphon bottle.
Inverted siphon, a tube bent like a siphon, but having the branches
turned upward; specifically (Hydraulic Engineering), a pipe for
conducting water beneath a depressed place, as from one hill to
another across an intervening valley, following the depression of the
ground. -- Siphon barometer. See under Barometer. -- Siphon bottle, a
bottle for holding a\'89rated water, which is driven out through a
bent tube in the neck by the gas within the bottle when a valve in the
tube is opened; -- called also gazogene, and siphoid.<-- seltzer
bottle? --> -- Siphon condenser, a condenser for a steam engine, in
which the vacuum is maintained by the downward flow of water through a
vertical pipe of great height. -- Siphon cup, a cup with a siphon
attached for carrying off any liquid in it; specifically (Mach.), an
oil cup in which oil is carried over the edge of a tube in a cotton
wick, and so reaches the surface to be lubricated. -- Siphon gauge.
See under Gauge. -- Siphon pump, a jet pump. See under Jet, n.
Siphon
Si"phon (?), v. t. (Chem.) To convey, or draw off, by means of a
siphon, as a liquid from one vessel to another at a lower level.
Siphonage
Si"phon*age (?), n. The action of a siphon.
Siphonal
Si"phon*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a siphon; resembling a siphon.
Siphonal stomach (Zo\'94l.), a stomach which is tubular and bent back
upon itself, like a siphon, as in the salmon.
Siphonarid
Si`pho*na"rid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
limpet-shaped pulmonate gastropods of the genus Siphonaria. They cling
to rocks between high and low water marks and have both lunglike
organs and gills. -- Si`pho*na"rid, a.
Siphonata
Si`pho*na"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of bivalve mollusks
in which the posterior mantle border is prolonged into two tubes or
siphons. Called also Siphoniata. See Siphon, 2 (a), and Quahaug.
Siphonate
Si"phon*ate (?), a.
1. Having a siphon or siphons.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Siphonata.
Siphonet
Si"phon*et (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the two dorsal tubular organs on
the hinder part of the abdomen of aphids. They give exit to the
honeydew. See Illust. under Aphis.
Siphonia
Si*pho"ni*a (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A former name for a euphorbiaceous
genus (Hevea) of South American trees, the principal source of
caoutchouc.
Siphoniata
Si*pho`ni*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Siphonata.
Siphonic
Si*phon"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a siphon.
Siphonifer
Si*phon"i*fer (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sipho, -onis, siphon + ferre to
bear.] (Zo\'94l.) Any cephalopod having a siphonate shell.
Siphoniferous
Si"phon*if"er*ous (?), a. [Siphon + -ferous.] (Zo\'94l.)
Siphon-bearing, as the shell of the nautilus and other cephalopods.
Siphonium
Si*pho"ni*um (?), n.; pl. Siphonia (#). [NL., from Gr. Siphon.]
(Anat.) A bony tube which, in some birds, connects the tympanium with
the air chambers of the articular piece of the mandible.
Siphonobranchiata
Si`pho*no*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Siphon, and Branchia.]
(Zo\'94l.) A tribe of gastropods having the mantle border, on one or
both sides, prolonged in the form of a spout through which water
enters the gill cavity. The shell itself is not always
siphonostomatous in this group.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1346
Siphonobranchiate
Si`pho*no*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a siphon, or siphons,
to convey water to the gills; belonging or pertaining to the
Siphonobranchiata. -- n. One of the Siphonobranchiata.
Siphonoglyphe
Si`pho*nog"ly*phe (?), n. [Siphon + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A gonidium.
Siphonophora
Si`pho*noph"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
pelagic Hydrozoa including species which form complex free-swimming
communities composed of numerous zooids of various kinds, some of
which act as floats or as swimming organs, others as feeding or
nutritive zooids, and others as reproductive zooids. See Illust. under
Physallia, and Porpita.
Siphonophoran
Si`pho*noph"o*ran (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Siphonophora. --
n. One of the Siphonophora.
Siphonophore
Si*phon"o*phore (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Siphonophora.
Siphonopoda
Si`pho*nop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Siphon, and -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) A
division of Scaphopoda including those in which the foot terminates in
a circular disk.
Siphonostomata
Si`pho*no*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Siphon, and Stoma.]
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A tribe of parasitic copepod Crustacea including a
large number of species that are parasites of fishes, as the lerneans.
They have a mouth adapted to suck blood. (b) An artificial division of
gastropods including those that have siphonostomatous shells.
Siphonostomatous
Si`pho*no*stom"a*tous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having the front edge of
the aperture of the shell prolonged in the shape of a channel for the
protection of the siphon; -- said of certain gastropods. (b)
Pertaining to the Siphonostomata.
Siphonostome
Si`pho*nos"tome (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any parasitic
entomostracan of the tribe Siphonostomata. (b) A siphonostomatous
shell.
Siphorhinal
Si`pho*rhi"nal (?), a. [Siphon + rhinal.] (Zo\'94l.) Having tubular
nostrils, as the petrels.
Siphorhinian
Si`pho*rhin"i*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A siphorhinal bird.
Siphuncle
Si"phun`cle (?), n. [L. siphunculus, sipunculus, dim. of sipho. See
Siphon.] (Zo\'94l.) The tube which runs through the partitions of
chambered cephalopod shells.
Siphuncled
Si"phun`cled (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a siphuncle; siphunculated.
Siphuncular
Si*phun"cu*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the siphuncle.
Siphunculated
Si*phun"cu*la`ted (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a siphuncle. Huxley.
Sipid
Sip"id (?), a. [See Insipid, Sapid.] Having a taste or flavorl savory;
sapid. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Sipper
Sip"per (?), n. One whi sips.
Sippet
Sip"pet (?), n. [See Sip, Sop.] A small sop; a small, thin piece of
toasted bread soaked in milk, broth, or the like; a small piece of
toasted or fried bread cut into some special shape and used for
garnishing.
Your sweet sippets in widows' houses. Milton.
Sipple
Sip"ple (?), v. i. [Freq. of sip.] To sip often. [Obs. or Scot.]
Sippling
Sip"pling (?), a. Sipping often. [Obs.] "Taken after a sippling sort."
Holland.
Sipunculacea
Si*pun`cu*la"ce*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Sipunculus, the typical
genus. See Siphuncle.] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of Gephyrea, including
those which have the body unarmed and the intestine opening
anteriorly.
Sipunculoid
Si*pun"cu*loid (?), a. [NL. Sipunculus, the typical genus + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Sipunculoidea. -- n. One of the
Sipunculoidea.
Sipunculoidea
Si*pun`cu*loi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Same as Gephyrea.
(b) In a restricted sense, same as Sipunculacea.
Si quis
Si` quis" (?). [L., if any one (the first words of the notice in
Latin).] (Ch. of Eng.) A notification by a candidate for orders of his
intention to inquire whether any impediment may be alleged against
him.
Sir
Sir (?), n. [OE. sire, F. sire, contr. from the nominative L. senior
an elder, elderly person, compar. of senex,senis, an aged person; akin
to Gr. sana, Goth. sineigs old, sinista eldest, Ir. & Gael. sean old,
W. hen. Cf. Seignior, Senate, Seneschal, Senior, Senor, Signor, Sire,
Sirrah.]
1. A man of social authority and dignity; a lord; a master; a
gentleman; -- in this sense usually spelled sire. [Obs.]
He was crowned lord and sire. Gower.
In the election of a sir so rare. Shak.
2. A title prefixed to the Christian name of a knight or a baronet.
Sir Horace Vere, his brother, was the principal in the active part.
Bacon.
3. An English rendering of the LAtin Dominus, the academical title of
a bachelor of arts; -- formerly colloquially, and sometimes
contemptuously, applied to the clergy. Nares.
Instead of a faithful and painful teacher, they hire a Sir John,
which hath better skill in playing at tables, or in keeping of a
garden, than in God's word. Latimer.
4. A respectful title, used in addressing a man, without being
prefixed to his name; -- used especially in speaking to elders or
superiors; sometimes, also, used in the way of emphatic formality.
"What's that to you, sir?" Sheridan.
NOTE: &hand; An ciently, th is ti tle, was often used when a person
was addressed as a man holding a certain office, or following a
certain business. "Sir man of law." "Sir parish priest."
Chaucer. Sir reverance. See under Reverence, n.
Siraskier
Si*ras"kier (?), n. See Seraskier.
Siraskierate
Si*ras"kier*ate (?), n. See Seraskierate.
Sirbonian
Sir*bo"ni*an (?), a. See Serbonian.
Sircar
Sir*car" (?), n. [Hind. & Per. sark\'ber a superintendant, overseer,
chief; Per. sar the head + k\'ber action, work.]
1. A Hindoo clerk or accountant. [India]
2. A district or province; a circar. [India]
3. The government; the supreme authority of the state. [India]
Sirdar
Sir*dar" (?), n [Hind. & Per. sard\'ber a chief, general; sar the
head, top + d\'ber holding, possessing.] A native chief in Hindostan;
a headman. Malcom.
Sire
Sire (?), n. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
1. A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [Obs.]
Pain and distress, sickness and ire, And melancholy that angry
sire, Be of her palace senators. Rom. of R.
2. A tittle of respect formerly used in speaking to elders and
superiors, but now only in addressing a sovereign.
3. A father; the head of a family; the husband.
Jankin thet was our sire [i.e., husband]. Chaucer.
And raise his issue, like a loving sire. Shak.
4. A creator; a maker; an author; an originator.
[He] was the sire of an immortal strain. Shelley.
5. The male parent of a beast; -- applied especially to horses; as,
the horse had a good sire.
NOTE: &hand; Si re is of ten used in composition; as in grandsire,
grandfather; great-grandsire, great-grandfather.
Sire
Sire, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Siring.] To
beget; to procreate; -- used of beasts, and especially of stallions.
Siredon
Si*re"don (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The larval form of any
salamander while it still has external gills; especially, one of those
which, like the axolotl (Amblystoma Mexicanum), sometimes lay eggs
while in this larval state, but which under more favorable conditions
lose their gills and become normal salamanders. See also Axolotl.
Siren
Si"ren (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. sir\'8ane.]
1. (Class. Myth.) One of three sea nymphs, -- or, according to some
writers, of two, -- said to frequent an island near the coast of
Italy, and to sing with such sweetness that they lured mariners to
destruction.
Next where the sirens dwell you plow the seas; Their song is death,
and makes destruction please. Pope.
2. An enticing, dangerous woman. Shak.
3. Something which is insidious or deceptive.
Consumption is a siren. W. Irving.
4. A mermaid. [Obs.] Shak.
5. (Zo\'94l.) Any long, slender amphibian of the genus Siren or family
Sirenid\'91, destitute of hind legs and pelvis, and having permanent
external gills as well as lungs. They inhabit the swamps, lagoons, and
ditches of the Southern United States. The more common species (Siren
lacertina) is dull lead-gray in color, and becames two feet long.
6. [F. sir\'8ane, properly, a siren in sense 1.] (Acoustics) An
instrument for producing musical tones and for ascertaining the number
of sound waves or vibrations per second which produce a note of a
given pitch. The sounds are produced by a perforated rotating disk or
disks. A form with two disks operated by steam or highly compressed
air is used sounding an alarm to vessels in fog. [Written also sirene,
and syren.]
Siren
Si"ren, a. Of or pertaining to a siren; bewitching, like a siren;
fascinating; alluring; as, a siren song.
Sirene
Si*rene" (?), n. See Siren, 6.
Sirenia
Si*re"ni*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.)An order of large aquatic
herbivorous mammals, including the manatee, dugong, rytina, and
several fossil genera.
NOTE: &hand; Th e hind limbs are either rudimentary or wanting, and
the front ones are changed to paddles. They have horny plates on
the front part of the jaws, and usually flat-crowned molar teeth.
The stomach is complex and the intestine long, as in other
herbivorous mammals. See Cetacea (b).
Sirenian
Si*re"ni*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Sirenia.
Sirenical
Si*ren"ic*al (?), a. Like, or appropriate to, a siren; fascinating;
deceptive.
Here's couple of sirenical rascals shall enchant ye. Marton.
Sirenize
Si"ren*ize (?), v. i. To use the enticements of a siren; to act as a
siren; to fascinate.
Siriasis
Si*ri"a*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) A sunstroke. (b) The act
of exposing to a sun bath. [Obs.] Cf. Insolation.
Sirius
Sir"i*us (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Astron.) The Dog Star. See Dog Star.
Sirkeer
Sir"keer (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of Asiatic
cuckoos of the genus Taccocua, as the Bengal sirkeer (T. sirkee).
Sirloin
Sir"loin` (?), n. [A corruption of surloin. Not so called because this
cut of beaf was once jocosely knighted (dubbed Sir Loin) by an English
king, as according to a popular story.] A loin of beef, or a part of a
loin. [Written also surloin.]
Sirname
Sir"name` (?), n. See Surname.
Siroc
Si"roc (?), n. See Sirocco. [Poetic] Emerson.
Sirocco
Si*roc"co (?), n.; pl. Siroccos(?). [It. sirocco, scirocco, Ar.
shorug, fr. sharq the rising of the sun, the east, fr, sharaca to rise
as the sun. Cf. Saracen.] An oppressive, relaxing wind from the Libyan
deserts, chiefly experienced in Italy, Malta, and Sicily.
Sirrah
Sir"rah (?), n. [Probably from Icel. s\'c6ra, fr. F. sire. See Sir.] A
term of address implying inferiority and used in anger, contempt,
reproach, or disrespectful familiarity, addressed to a man or boy, but
sometimes to a woman. In sililoquies often preceded by ah. Not used in
the plural. "Ah, sirrah mistress." <-- archaic --> Beau & Fl.
Go, sirrah, to my cell. Shak.
Sirt
Sirt (?), n. [See Syrt.] A quicksand. [Obs.]
Sirup Syrup
Sir"up (?) Syr"up, n. [F. sirop (cf. It. siroppo, Sp. jarabe, jarope,
LL. siruppus, syrupus), fr. Ar. shar\'beb a drink, wine, coffee,
sirup. Cf. Sherbet.]
1. A thick and viscid liquid made from the juice of fruits, herbs,
etc., boiled with sugar.
2. A thick and viscid saccharine solution of superior quality (as
sugarhouse sirup or molasses, maple sirup); specifically, in pharmacy
and often in cookery, a saturated solution of sugar and water (simple
sirup), or such a solution flavored or medicated.
Lucent sirups tinct with cinnamon. Keats.
Mixing sirup. See the Note under Dextrose.
Siruped, Syruped
Sir"uped (?), Syr"uped, a. Moistened, covered, or sweetened with
sirup, or sweet juice.
Sirupy, Syrupy
Sir"up*y (?), Syr"up*y, a. Like sirup, or partaking of its qualities.
Mortimer.
Sirvente
Sir`vente" (?), n. [F. sirvente, fr. Pr. sirventes, sirventesc,
originally, the poem of, or concerning, a sirvent, fr. sirvent,
properly, serving, n., one who serves (e. g., as a soldier), fr.
servir to serve, L. servire.] A peculiar species of poetry, for the
most part devoted to moral and religious topics, and commonly
satirical, -- often used by the troubadours of the Middle Ages.
Sis
Sis (?), n. A colloquial abbreviation of Sister.
Sis
Sis (?), n. Six. See Sise. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sisal grass, Sisal hemp
Si*sal" grass` (?), Si*sal" hemp` (?),The prepared fiber of the Agave
Americana, or American aloe, used for cordage; -- so called from
Sisal, a port in Yucatan. See Sisal hemp, under Hemp.
Siscowet
Sis"co*wet (?), n. [OF American Indian origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A large,
fat variety of the namaycusa found in Lake Superior; -- called also
siskawet, siskiwit.
Sise
Sise (?), n. [From Assize.] An assize. [Obs.]
Sise
Sise (?), n. [See Sice.] Six; the highest number on a die; the cast of
six in throwing dice.
In the new casting of a die, when ace is on the top, sise must
needs be at the bottom. Fuller.
Sisel
Sis"el (?), n. [Cf. G. ziesel. Cf. Zizel.] (Zo\'94l.) The suslik.
Siser
Si"ser (?), n. Cider. See Sicer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Siserara, Siserary
Sis"e*ra*ra (?), Sis"e*ra*ry (?), n. A hard blow. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Siskin
Sis"kin (?), n. [Dan. sisgen; cf. Sw. siska, G. zeisig, D. sijsje; of
Slav. origin; cf. Pol. czy.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small green and yellow
European finch (Spinus spinus, or Carduelis spinus); -- called also
aberdevine. (b) The American pinefinch (S. pinus); -- called also pine
siskin. See Pinefinch.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is ap plied al so to several other related
species found in Asia and South America.
Siskin green, a delicate shade of yellowish green, as in the mineral
torbernite.
Siskiwit
Sis"ki*wit (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The siscowet.
Sismograph
Sis"mo*graph (?), n. See Seismograph.
Sismometer
Sis*mom"e*ter (?), n. See Seismometer.
Siss
Siss (?), v. i. [Of imitative origin; cf. D. sissen, G. zischen.] To
make a hissing sound; as, a flatiron hot enough to siss when touched
with a wet finger. [Colloq. U. S.; Local, Eng.]
Siss
Siss, n. A hissing noise. [Colloq. U. S.]
Sissoo
Sis*soo" (?), n. [Hind. s\'c6s.] (Bot.) A leguminous tree (Dalbergia
Sissoo) of the northern parts of India; also, the dark brown compact
and durable timber obtained from it. It is used in shipbuilding and
for gun carriages, railway ties, etc.
Sist
Sist (?), v. t. [L. sistere to bring to a stand, to stop.]
1. (Scots Law) To stay, as judicial proceedings; to delay or suspend;
to stop.
2. To cause to take a place, as at the bar of a court; hence, to cite;
to summon; to bring into court. [Scot.]
Some, however, have preposterously sisted nature as the first or
generative principle. Sir W. Hamilton.
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Sist
Sist (?), n. (Scots Law) A stay or suspension of proceedings; an order
for a stay of proceedings. Burril.
Sister
Sis"ter (?), n. [OE. sister, fr. Icel. systir; also suster, from AS.
sweostor, sweoster, swuster, akin to OFries. sweester, suster, LG.
s\'81ster, suster, D. zuster, OS. & OHG. swestar, G. schwester, Icel.
systir, Sw. syster, Dan. s\'94ster, Goth. swistar, Lith. ses, Russ.
sestra, Pol. siostra, L. soror, Skr. svasr. &root;298. Cf. Cousin.]
1. A female who has the same parents with another person, or who has
one of them only. In the latter case, she is more definitely called a
half sister. The correlative of brother.
I am the sister of one Claudio. Shak.
2. A woman who is closely allied to, or assocciated with, another
person, as in the sdame faith, society, order, or community. James ii.
15.
3. One of the same kind, or of the same condition; -- generally used
adjectively; as, sister fruits. Pope.
Sister Block (Naut.), a tackle block having two sheaves, one above the
other. -- Sister hooks, a pair of hooks fitted together, the shank of
one forming a mousing for the other; -- called also match hook. --
Sister of charity, Sister of mercy. (R. C. Ch.) See under Charity, and
Mercy.
Sister
Sis"ter, v. t. To be sister to; to resemble closely. [Obs.] Shak.
Sisterhood
Sis"ter*hood (?), n. [Sister + hood.]
1. The state or relation of being a sister; the office or duty of a
sister.
She . . . abhorr'd Her proper blood, and left to do the part Of
sisterhood, to do that of a wife. Daniel.
2. A society of sisters; a society of women united in one faith or
order; sisters, collectively. "A sisterhood of holy nuns." Shak.
The fair young flowers . . . a beauteous sisterhood. Bryant.
Sistering
Sis"ter*ing, a. Contiguous. [Obs.] Shak.
Sister-in-law
Sis"ter-in-law` (?), n; pl. Sisters-in-law( The sister of one's
husband or wife; also, the wife of one's brother; sometimes, the wife
of one's husband's or wife's brother.
Sisterly
Sis"ter*ly, a. Like a sister; becoming a sister, affectionate; as,
sisterly kindness; sisterly remorse. Shak.
Sistine
Sis"tine (?), a.[It. sistino.] Of or pertaining to Pope Sixtus.
Sistine chapel, a chapel in the Vatican at Rome, built by Pope Sixtus
IV., and decorated with frescoes by Michael Angelo and others.
Sistren
Sis"tren (?), n. pl. Sisters. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sistrum
Sis"trum (?), [L., fr. Gr. (Mus.) An instrument consisting of a thin
metal frame, through which passed a number of metal rods, and
furnished with a handle by which it was shaken and made to rattle. It
was peculiarly Egyptian, and used especially in the worship of Isis.
It is still used in Nubia.
Sisyphean
Sis`y*phe"an (?), a. Relating to Sisyphus; incessantly recurring; as,
Sisyphean labors.
Sisyphus
Sis"y*phus (?), n. [L. Sisyphus, Sisyphus, fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) A
king of Corinth, son of \'92olus, famed for his cunning. He was killed
by Theseus, and in the lower world was condemned by Pluto to roll to
the top of a hill a huge stone, which constantly rolled back again,
making his task incessant.
Sit
Sit (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Sit, for sitteth.
Sit
Sit, v. i. [imp. Sat (?) (Sate (?), archaic); p. p. Sat (Sitten (?),
obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Sitting.] [OE. sitten, AS. sittan; akin to OS.
sittian, OFries. sitta, D. zitten, G. sitzen, OHG. sizzen, Icel.
sitja, SW. sitta, Dan. sidde, Goth. sitan, Russ. sidiete, L. sedere,
Gr. sad. &root;154. Cf. Assess,Assize, Cathedral, Chair, Dissident,
Excise, Insidious, Possess, Reside, Sanhedrim, Seance, Seat, n.,
Sedate, 4th Sell, Siege, Session, Set, v. t., Sizar, Size, Subsidy.]
1. To rest upon the haunches, or the lower extremity of the trunk of
the body; -- said of human beings, and sometimes of other animals; as,
to sit on a sofa, on a chair, or on the ground.
And he came and took the book put of the right hand of him that
sate upon the seat. Bible (1551) (Rev. v. 7.)
I pray you, jest, sir, as you sit at dinner. Shak.
2. To perch; to rest with the feet drawn up, as birds do on a branch,
pole, etc.
3. To remain in a state of repose; to rest; to abide; to rest in any
position or condition.
And Moses said to . . . the children of Reuben, Shall your brothren
go to war, and shall ye sit here? Num. xxxii. 6.
Like a demigod here sit I in the sky. Shak.
4. To lie, rest, or bear; to press or weigh; -- with on; as, a weight
or burden sits lightly upon him.
The calamity sits heavy on us. Jer. Taylor.
5. To be adjusted; to fit; as, a coat sts well or ill.
This new and gorgeous garment, majesty, Sits not so easy on me as
you think. Shak.
6. To suit one well or ill, as an act; to become; to befit; -- used
impersonally. [Obs.] Chaucer.
7. To cover and warm eggs for hatching, as a fowl; to brood; to
incubate.
As the partridge sitteth on eggs, and hatcheth them not. Jer. xvii.
11.
8. To have position, as at the point blown from; to hold a relative
position; to have direction.
Like a good miller that knows how to grind, which way soever the
wind sits. Selden.
Sits the wind in that quarter? Sir W. Scott.
9. To occupy a place or seat as a member of an official body; as, to
sit in Congress.
10. To hold a session; to be in session for official business; -- said
of legislative assemblies, courts, etc.; as, the court sits in
January; the aldermen sit to-night.
11. To take a position for the purpose of having some artistic
representation of one's self made, as a picture or a bust; as, to sit
to a painter. <-- sit for seems more common now -->
To sit at, to rest under; to be subject to. [Obs.] "A farmer can not
husband his ground so well if he sit at a great rent". Bacon. -- To
sit at meat OR at table, to be at table for eating. -- To sit down.
(a) To place one's self on a chair or other seat; as, to sit down when
tired. (b) To begin a siege; as, the enemy sat down before the town.
(c) To settle; to fix a permanent abode. Spenser. (d) To rest; to
cease as satisfied. "Here we can not sit down, but still proceed in
our search." Rogers. -- To sit for a fellowship, to offer one's self
for examination with a view to obtaining a fellowship. [Eng. Univ.] --
To sit out. (a) To be without engagement or employment. [Obs.] Bp.
Sanderson. (b) To outstay. -- To sit under, to be under the
instruction or ministrations of; as, to sit under a preacher; to sit
under good preaching. -- To sit up, to rise from, or refrain from, a
recumbent posture or from sleep; to sit with the body upright; as, to
sit up late at night; also, to watch; as, to sit up with a sick
person. "He that was dead sat up, and began to speak." Luke vii. 15.
Sit
Sit (?), v. t.
1. To sit upon; to keep one's seat upon; as, he sits a horse well.
Hardly the muse can sit the headstrong horse. Prior.
2. To cause to be seated or in a sitting posture; to furnish a seat
to; -- used reflexively.
They sat them down to weep. Milton.
Sit you down, father; rest you. Shak.
3. To suit (well OR ill); to become. [Obs. or R.]
Site
Site (?), n. [L. situs, fr. sinere, situm, to let, p. p. situs placed,
lying, situate: cf. F. site. Cf. Position.]
1. The place where anything is fixed; situation; local position; as,
the site of a city or of a house. Chaucer.
2. A place fitted or chosen for any certain permanent use or
occupation; as, a site for a church.
3. The posture or position of a thing. [R.]
The semblance of a lover fixed In melancholy site. Thomson.
Sited
Sit"ed (?), a. Having a site; situated. [Obs.]
[The garden] sited was in fruitful soil. Chaucer.
Sitfast
Sit"fast` (?), a. [Sit + fast.] Fixed; stationary; immovable. [R.]
'T is good, when you have crossed the sea and back, To find the
sitfast acres where you left them. Emerson.
Sitfast
Sit"fast`, n. (Far.) A callosity with inflamed edges, on the back of a
horse, under the saddle.
Sith
Sith (?), prep., adv., & conj. [See Since.] Since; afterwards; seeing
that. [Obs.]
We need not fear them, sith Christ is with us. Latimer.
Sith thou art rightful judge. Chaucer.
Sith, Sithe
Sith (?), Sithe (?), n. [AS. Time. [Obs.] Chaucer.
And humbly thanked him a thousand sithes. Spenser.
Sithe
Sithe (?), v. i. [Cf. Sigh.] To sigh.
NOTE: [A spelling of a corrupt and provincial pronunciation.]
Sithe
Sithe (?), n. A scythe. [Obs.] Milton.
Sithe
Sithe, v. t. To cut with a scythe; to scythe. [Obs.]
Sithed
Sithed (?), a. Scythed. [Obs.] T. Warton.
Sitheman
Sithe"man (?), n. A mower. [Obs.] Marston.
Sithen
Sith"en (?), adv. & conj. [See Since.] Since; afterwards. See 1st
Sith. [Obs.]
Fortune was first friend and sithen foe. Chaucer.
Sithence, Sithens
Sith"ence, Sith"ens (?), adv. & conj. Since. See Sith, and Sithen.
[Obs.] Piers Plowman.
Siththen
Sith"then (?), adv. & conj. See Sithen. [Obs.]
Siththen that the world began. Chaucer.
Sitology
Si*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] A treatise on the regulation of the
diet; dietetics. [Written also sitiology.]
Sitophobia
Si`to*pho"bi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A version to food; refusal
to take nourishment. [Written also sitiophobia.]
Sitten
Sit"ten (?), obs. p. p. of Sit, for sat.
Sitter
Sit"ter (?), n.
1. One who sits; esp., one who sits for a portrait or a bust.
2. A bird that sits or incubates.
Sittine
Sit"tine (?), a. [NL. sitta the nuthatch, from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Of or
pertaining to the family Sittid\'91, or nuthatches.
Sitting
Sit"ting (?), a. Being in the state, or the position, of one who, or
that which, sits.
Sitting
Sit"ting, n.
1. The state or act of one who sits; the posture of one who occupies a
seat.
2. A seat, or the space occupied by or allotted for a person, in a
church, theater, etc.; as, the hall has 800 sittings.
3. The act or time of sitting, as to a portrait painter, photographer,
etc.
4. The actual presence or meeting of any body of men in their seats,
clothed with authority to transact business; a session; as, a sitting
of the judges of the King's Bench, or of a commission.
The sitting closed in great agitation. Macaulay.
5. The time during which one sits while doing something, as reading a
book, playing a game, etc.
For the understanding of any one of St. Paul's Epistles I read it
all through at one sitting. Locke.
6. A brooding over eggs for hatching, as by fowls.
The male bird . . . amuses her [the female] with his songs during
the whole time of her sitting. Addison.
Sitting room, an apartment where the members of a family usually sit,
as distinguished from a drawing-room, parlor, chamber, or kitchen.
Situate; 135, Situated
Sit"u*ate (?; 135), Sit"u*a`ted (?), a. [LL. situatus, from situare to
place, fr. L. situs situation, site. See Site.]
1. Having a site, situation, or location; being in a relative
position; permanently fixed; placed; located; as, a town situated, or
situate, on a hill or on the seashore.
2. Placed; residing.
Pleasure situate in hill and dale. Milton.
NOTE: &hand; Si tuate is now less used than situated, but both are
well authorized.
Situate
Sit"u*ate (?), v. t. To place. [R.] Landor.
Situation
Sit`u*a"tion (?), n. [LL. situatio: cf. F. situation.]
1. Manner in which an object is placed; location, esp. as related to
something else; position; locality site; as, a house in a pleasant
situation.
2. Position, as regards the conditions and circumstances of the case.
A situation of the greatest ease and tranquillity. Rogers.
3. Relative position; circumstances; temporary state or relation at a
moment of action which excites interest, as of persons in a dramatic
scene.
There's situation for you! there's an heroic group! Sheridan.
4. Permanent position or employment; place; office; as, a situation in
a store; a situation under government. Syn. -- State; position; seat;
site; station; post; place; office; condition; case; plight. See
State.
Situs
Si"tus (?), n. [L., situation.] (Bot.) The method in which the parts
of a plant are arranged; also, the position of the parts. Henslow.
Sitz bath
Sitz" bath` (?). [G. sitzbad.] A tub in which one bathes in a sitting
posture; also, a bath so taken; a hip bath.
Siva
Si"va (?), n. [Skr. Civa, properly, kind, gracious.] (Hindoo Myth.)
One of the triad of Hindoo gods. He is the avenger or destroyer, and
in modern worship symbolizes the reproductive power of nature.
Sivan
Si"van (?), n. [Heb. s\'c6v\'ben.] The third month of the Jewish
ecclesiastical year; -- supposed to correspond nearly with our month
of June.
Sivatherium
Siv`a*the"ri*um (?), n. [NL., from E. Siva + Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of
very large extinct ruminants found in the Tertiary formation of India.
The snout was prolonged in the form of a proboscis. The male had four
horns, the posterior pair being large and branched. It was allied to
the antelopes, but very much larger than any exsisting species.
Siver
Siv"er (?), v. i. To simmer. [Obs.] Holland.
Sivvens
Siv"vens (, n. (Med.) See Sibbens.
Siwin
Si"win (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sewen.
Six
Six (?), a. [AS. six, seox, siex; akin to OFries. sex, D. zes, OS. &
OHG. sehs, G. sechs, Icel., Sw., & Dan. sex, Goth. sa\'a1hs, Lith.
szeszi, Russ. sheste, Gael. & Ir. se, W. chwech, L. sex, Gr. shesh,
Skr. shash. &root;304. Cf. Hexagon, Hexameter, Samite, Senary,
Sextant, Sice.] One more than five; twice three; as, six yards. Six
Nations (Ethnol.), a confederation of North American Indians formed by
the union of the Tuscaroras and the Five Nations. -- Six points
circle. (Geom.) See Nine points circle, under Nine.
Six
Six, n.
1. The number greater by a unit than five; the sum of three and three;
six units or objects.
2. A symbol representing six units, as 6, vi., or VI.
To be at six and seven OR at sixes and sevens, to be in disorder.
Bacon. Shak. Swift.
Sixfold
Six"fold` (?), a. [AS. sixfealand.] Six times repeated; six times as
much or as many.
Six-footer
Six"-foot`er (?), n. One who is six feet tall. [Colloq. U.S.]
Sixpence
Six"pence (?), n.; pl. Sixpences (. An English silver coin of the
value of six pennies; half a shilling, or about twelve cents.
Sixpenny
Six"pen`ny (?), a. Of the value of, or costing, sixpence; as, a
sixpenny loaf.
Sixscore
Six"score` (?), a. & n. [Six + score, n.] Six times twenty; one
hundred and twenty.
Six-shooter
Six"-shoot`er (?), n. A pistol or other firearm which can be fired six
times without reloading especially, a six-chambered revolver. [Colloq.
U.S.]
Sixteen
Six"teen` (?), a. [AS. sixt, sixt. See Six, and Ten, and cf. Sixty.]
Six and ten; consisting of six and ten; fifteen and one more.
Sixteen
Six"teen`, n.
1. The number greater by a unit than fifteen; the sum of ten and six;
sixteen units or objects.
2. A symbol representing sixteen units, as 16, or xvi.
Sixteenmo
Six*teen"mo (?), n.; pl. Sixteenmos (. See Sextodecimo.
Sixteenth
Six"teenth` (?), a. [From Sixteen: cf. AS. sixte\'a2.]
1. Sixth after the tenth; next in order after the fifteenth.
2. Constituting or being one of sixteen equal parts into which
anything is divided.
Sixteenth note (Mus.), the sixteenth part of a whole note; a
semiquaver.
Sixteenth
Six"teenth`, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by sixteen; one of sixteen equal
parts of one whole.
2. The next in order after the fifteenth; the sixth after the tenth.
3. (Mus.) An interval comprising two octaves and a second. Moore
(Encyc. of Music.)
Sixth
Sixth (?), a. [From Six: cf. AS. sixta, siexta.]
1. First after the fifth; next in order after the fifth.
2. Constituting or being one of six equal parts into which anything is
divided.
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Sixth
Sixth (?), n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by six; one of six equal parts which
form a whole.
2. The next in order after the fifth.
3. (Mus.) The interval embracing six diatonic degrees of the scale.
Sixthly
Sixth"ly, adv. In the sixth place. Bacon.
Sixtieth
Six"ti*eth (?), a. [As. sixtiogo&edh;a, sixtigo&edh;a.]
1. Next in order after the fifty-ninth.
2. Constituting or being one one of sixty equal parts into which
anything is divided.
Sixtieth
Six"ti*eth, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by sixty; one of sixty equal parts
forming a whole.
2. The next in order after the fifty-ninth; the tenth after the
fiftieth.
Sixty
Six"ty (?), a. [AS. siextig; akin to G. sechzig, Goth. sa\'a1hs
tigjus. See Six, Ten, and cf. Sixteen.] Six times ten; fifty-nine and
one more; threescore.
Sixty
Six"ty, n.; pl. Sixties (.
1. The sum of six times ten; sixty units or objects.
2. A symbol representing sixty units, as 60, lx., or LX.
Sixty-fourth
Six`ty-fourth" (?), a. Constituting or being one of sixty-four equal
parts into which a thing is divided. Sixty-fourth note (Mus.), the
sixty-fourth part of a whole note; a hemi-demi-semiquaver.
Sizable
Siz"a*ble (?), a.
1. Of considerable size or bulk. "A sizable volume." Bp. Hurd.
2. Being of reasonable or suitable size; as, sizable timber; sizable
bulk. Arbuthnot.
Sizar
Si"zar (?), n. One of a body of students in the universities of
Cambridge (Eng.) and Dublin, who, having passed a certain examination,
are exempted from paying college fees and charges. A sizar
corresponded to a servitor at Oxford.
The sizar paid nothing for food and tuition, and very little for
lodging. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Th ey fo rmerly waited on the table at meals; but this
is done away with. They were probably so called from being thus
employed in distributing the size, or provisions. See 4th Size, 2.
Sizarship
Si"zar*ship, n. The position or standing of a sizar.
Size
Size (?), n. [See Sice, and Sise.] Six.
Size
Size (?), n. [OIt. sisa glue used by painters, shortened fr. assisa,
fr. assidere, p. p. assiso, to make to sit, to seat, to place, L.
assidere to sit down; ad + sidere to sit down, akin to sedere to sit.
See Sit, v. i., and cf. Assize, Size bulk.]
1. A thin, weak glue used in various trades, as in painting,
bookbinding, paper making, etc.
2. Any viscous substance, as gilder's varnish.
Size
Size, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sizing.] To cover
with size; to prepare with size.
Size
Size, n. [Abbrev. from assize. See Assize, and cf. Size glue.]
1. A settled quantity or allowance. See Assize. [Obs.] "To scant my
sizes." Shak.
2. (Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.) An allowance of food and drink from the
buttery, aside from the regular dinner at commons; -- corresponding to
battel at Oxford.
3. Extent of superficies or volume; bulk; bigness; magnitude; as, the
size of a tree or of a mast; the size of a ship or of a rock.
4. Figurative bulk; condition as to rank, ability, character, etc.;
as, the office demands a man of larger size.
Men of a less size and quality. L'Estrange.
The middling or lower size of people. Swift.
5. A conventional relative measure of dimension, as for shoes, gloves,
and other articles made up for sale.
6. An instrument consisting of a number of perforated gauges fastened
together at one end by a rivet, -- used for ascertaining the size of
pearls. Knight.
Size roll, a small piese of parchment added to a roll. -- Size stick,
a measuring stick used by shoemakers for ascertaining the size of the
foot. Syn. -- Dimension; bigness; largeness; greatness; magnitude.
Size
Size, v. t.
1. To fix the standard of. "To size weights and measures." [R.] Bacon.
2. To adjust or arrange according to size or bulk. Specifically: (a)
(Mil.) To take the height of men, in order to place them in the ranks
according to their stature. (b) (Mining) To sift, as pieces of ore or
metal, in order to separate the finer from the coarser parts.
3. To swell; to increase the bulk of. Beau. & Fl.
4. (Mech.) To bring or adjust anything exactly to a required
dimension, as by cutting.
To size up, to estimate or ascertain the character and ability of. See
4th Size, 4. [Slang, U.S.]
We had to size up our fellow legislators. The Century.
Size
Size, v. i.
1. To take greater size; to increase in size.
Our desires give them fashion, and so, As they wax lesser, fall, as
they size, grow. Donne.
2. (Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.) To order food or drink from the buttery;
hence, to enter a score, as upon the buttery book.
Sized
Sized (?), a.
1. Adjusted according to size.
2. Having a particular size or magnitude; -- chiefly used in
compounds; as, large-sized; common-sized.
Sizel
Si"zel (?), n. Same as Scissel, 2.
Sizer
Siz"er (?), n.
1. See Sizar.
2. (Mech.) (a) An instrument or contrivance to size articles, or to
determine their size by a standard, or to separate and distribute them
according to size. (b) An instrument or tool for bringing anything to
an exact size.
Siziness
Siz"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sizy; viscousness.
Sizing
Siz"ing, n.
1. Act of covering or treating with size.
2. A weak glue used in various trades; size.
Sizing
Siz"ing, n.
1. The act of sorting with respect to size.
2. The act of bringing anything to a certain size.
3. (Univ. of Cambridge, Eng.) Food and drink ordered from the buttery
by a student.
Sizy
Siz"y (?), a. [From 2d Size.] Sizelike; viscous; glutinous; as, sizy
blood. Arbuthnot.
Sizzle
Siz"zle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sizzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sizzling
(?).] [See Siss.] To make a hissing sound; to fry, or to dry and
shrivel up, with a hissing sound. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.] Forby.
Sizzle
Siz"zle, n. A hissing sound, as of something frying over a fire.
[Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]
Sizzling
Siz"zling (?), a. & n. from Sizzle.
Skaddle
Skad"dle (?), n. [Dim. of scath.] Hurt; damage. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Ray.
Skaddle
Skad"dle, a. Hurtful. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ray.
Skaddon
Skad"don (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of a bee. [Prov. Eng.]
Skag
Skag (?), n. (Naut.) An additional piece fastened to the keel of a
boat to prevent lateral motion. See Skeg.
Skain
Skain (?), n. See Skein. [Obs.]
Skain
Skain, n. See Skean. Drayton.
Skainsmate
Skains"mate` (?), n. [Perhaps originally, a companion in winding
thread (see Skein), or a companion in arms, from skain a sword (see
Skean).] A messmate; a companion. [Obs.]
Scurvy knave! I am none of his firt-gills; I am none of his
skainsmates. Shak.
Skaith
Skaith (?), n. See Scatch. [Scot.]
Skald
Skald (?), n. See 5th Scald.
Skaldic
Skald"ic (?), a. See Scaldic. Max M\'81ller.
Skall
Skall (?), v. t. To scale; to mount. [Obs.]
Skar, Skare
Skar (?), Skare (?), a. [From the root of scare.] Wild; timid; shy.
[Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Skart
Skart (?), n. [Cf. Scarf a cormorant.] (Zo\'94l.) The shag. [Prov.
Eng.]
Skate
Skate (?), n. [D. schaats. Cf. Scatches.] A metallic runner with a
frame shaped to fit the sole of a shoe, -- made to be fastened under
the foot, and used for moving rapidly on ice.
Batavia rushes forth; and as they sweep, On sounding skates, a
thousand different ways, In circling poise, swift as the winds,
along, The then gay land is maddended all to joy. Thomson.
Roller skate. See under Roller.
Skate
Skate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Skated; p. pr. & vb. n. Skating.] To move
on skates.
Skate
Skate, n. [Icel. skata; cf. Prov. G. schatten, meer-schatten, L.
squatus, squatina, and E. shad.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous
species of large, flat elasmobranch fishes of the genus Raia, having a
long, slender tail, terminated by a small caudal fin. The pectoral
fins, which are large and broad and united to the sides of the body
and head, give a somewhat rhombic form to these fishes. The skin is
more or less spinose.
NOTE: &hand; Some of the species are used for food, as the European
blue or gray skate (Raia batis), which sometimes weighs nearly 200
pounds. The American smooth, or barn-door, skate (R. l\'91vis) is
also a large species, often becoming three or four feet across. The
common spiny skate (R. erinacea) is much smaller.
Skate's egg. See Sea purse. -- Skate sucker, any marine leech of the
genus Pontobdella, parasitic on skates.
Skater
Skat"er (?), n.
1. One who skates.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of hemipterous insects
belonging to Gerris, Pyrrhocoris, Prostemma, and allied genera. They
have long legs, and run rapidly over the surface of the water, as if
skating.
Skatol
Ska"tol (?), n. [Gr. -ol.] (Physiol. Chem.) A constituent of human
f\'91ces formed in the small intestines as a product of the
putrefaction of albuminous matter. It is also found in reduced indigo.
Chemically it is methyl indol, C9H9N.
Skayles
Skayles (?), n. [&root;159.] Skittles. [Obs.]
Skean
Skean (?), n. [Ir sgian; akin to Gael. sgian, W. ysgien a large knife,
a scimiter.] A knife or short dagger, esp. that in use among the
Highlanders of Scotland. [Variously spelt.] "His skean, or pistol."
Spenser.
Skedaddle
Ske*dad"dle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Skedaddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Skedaddling (?).] [Of uncertain etymology.] To betake one's self to
flight, as if in a panic; to flee; to run away. [Slang, U. S.]
Skee
Skee (?), n. [Dan. ski; Icel. sk\'c6 a billet of wood. See Skid.] A
long strip of wood, curved upwards in front, used on the foot for
sliding.<-- now spelled ski -->
Skeed
Skeed (?), n. See Skid.
Skeel
Skeel (?), n. [Icel. skj a pail, bucket.] A shallow wooden vessel for
holding milk or cream. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Grose.
Skeelduck, Skeelgoose
Skeel"duck` (?), Skeel"goose` (?), n. [See Sheldrake.] (Zo\'94l.) The
common European sheldrake. [Prov. Eng.]
Skeet
Skeet (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Naut.) A scoop with a long handle,
used to wash the sides of a vessel, and formerly to wet the sails or
deck.
Skeg
Skeg (?), n. [Prov. E., also a stump of a branch, a wooden peg; cf.
Icel. sk a wood, Sw. skog. Cf. Shaw.]
1. A sort of wild plum. [Obs.] Holland.
2. pl. A kind of oats. Farm. Encyc.
3. (Naut.) The after part of the keel of a vessel, to which the rudder
is attached.
Skegger
Skeg"ger (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The parr. Walton.
Skein
Skein (?), n. [OE. skeyne, OF. escaigne, F. \'82cagne, probably of
Celtic origin; cf. Ir. sgainne, Gael. sgeinnidh thread, small twine;
or perhaps the English word is immediately from Celtic.]
1. A quantity of yarn, thread, or the like, put up together, after it
is taken from the reel, -- usually tied in a sort of knot.
NOTE: &hand; A sk ein of cotton yarn is formed by eighty turns of
the thread round a fifty-four inch reel.
2. (Wagon Making) A metallic strengthening band or thimble on the
wooden arm of an axle. Knight.
Skein
Skein, n. (Zo\'94l.) A flight of wild fowl (wild geese or the like).
[Prov. Eng.]
Skeine
Skeine (?), n. See Skean.
Skelder
Skel"der (?), v. t. & i. [Etymol. uncertain.] To deceive; to cheat; to
trick. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Skelder
Skel"der, n. A vagrant; a cheat. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Skeldrake, OR Skieldrake
Skel"drake` (?), OR Skiel"drake` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common
European sheldrake. (b) The oyster catcher.
Skelet
Skel"et (?), n. A skeleton. See Scelet.
Skeletal
Skel"e*tal (?), a. Pertaining to the skeleton.
Skeletogenous
Skel`e*tog"e*nous (?), a. [Skeleton + -genous.] Forming or producing
parts of the skeleton.
Skeletology
Skel`e*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Skeleton + -logy.] That part of anatomy which
treats of the skeleton; also, a treatise on the skeleton.
Skeleton
Skel"e*ton (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Anat.) (a) The bony and cartilaginous framework which supports the
soft parts of a vertebrate animal.
NOTE: [See Illust. of the Human Skeleton, in Appendix.]
(b) The more or less firm or hardened framework of an invertebrate
animal.
NOTE: &hand; In a wi der se nse, th e skeleton includes the whole
connective-tissue framework with the integument and its appendages.
See Endoskeleton, and Exoskeleton.
2. Hence, figuratively: (a) A very thin or lean person. (b) The
framework of anything; the principal parts that support the rest, but
without the appendages.
The great skeleton of the world. Sir M. Hale.
(c) The heads and outline of a literary production, especially of a
sermon.
Skeleton
Skel"e*ton, a. Consisting of, or resembling, a skeleton; consisting
merely of the framework or outlines; having only certain leading
features of anything; as, a skeleton sermon; a skeleton crystal.
Skeleton bill, a bill or draft made out in blank as to the amount or
payee, but signed by the acceptor. [Eng.] -- Skeleton key, a key with
nearly the whole substance of the web filed away, to adapt it to avoid
the wards of a lock; a master key; -- used for opening locks to which
it has not been especially fitted. -- Skeleton leaf, a leaf from which
the pulpy part has been removed by chemical means, the fibrous part
alone remaining. -- Skeleton proof, a proof of a print or engraving,
with the inscription outlined in hair strokes only, such proofs being
taken before the engraving is finished. -- Skeleton regiment, a
regiment which has its complement of officers, but in which there are
few enlisted men. -- Skeleton shrimp (Zo\'94l.), a small crustacean of
the genus Caprella. See Illust. under L\'91modipoda.
Skeletonize
Skel"e*ton*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skeletonized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Skeletonizing (?).] To prepare a skeleton of; also, to reduce, as a
leaf, to its skeleton. Pop. Sci. Monthly.
Skeletonizer
Skel"e*ton*i`zer (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any small moth whose larva eats
the parenchyma of leaves, leaving the skeleton; as, the apple-leaf
skeletonizer.
Skellum
Skel"lum (?), n. [Dan. schelm, fr. G. schelm.] A scoundrel. [Obs. or
Scot.] Pepys. Burns.
Skelly
Skel"ly (?), v. i. [Cf. Dan. skele, Sw. skela.] To squint. [Prov. Eng.
& Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Skelly
Skel"ly, n. A squint. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Skelp
Skelp (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. skelp to kick severely, to move rapidly;
Gael. sgealp, n., a slap with the palm of the hand, v., to strike with
the palm of the hand.]
1. A blow; a smart stroke. [Prov. Eng.] Brockett.
2. A squall; also, a heavy fall of rain. [Scot.]
Skelp
Skelp, v. t. To strike; to slap. [Scot.] C. Reade.
Skelp
Skelp, n. A wrought-iron plate from which a gun barrel or pipe is made
by bending and welding the edges together, and drawing the thick tube
thus formed.
Skelter
Skel"ter (?), v. i. [Cf. Helter-skelter.] To run off helter-skelter;
to hurry; to scurry; -- with away or off. [Colloq.] A. R. Wallace.
Sken
Sken (?), v. i. To squint. [Prov. Eng.]
Skene
Skene (?), n. See Skean. C. Kingsley.
Skep
Skep (?), n. [Icel. skeppa a measure, bushel; cf. Gael. sgeap a
basket, a beehive.]
1. A coarse round farm basket. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Tusser.
2. A beehive. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Skeptic
Skep"tic (?), n. [Gr. skeptiko`s thoughtful, reflective, fr.
ske`ptesqai to look carefully or about, to view, consider: cf. L.
scepticus, F. sceptique. See Scope.] [Written also sceptic.]
1. One who is yet undecided as to what is true; one who is looking or
inquiring for what is true; an inquirer after facts or reasons.
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Page 1349
2. (Metaph.) A doubter as to whether any fact or truth can be
certainly known; a universal doubter; a Pyrrhonist; hence, in modern
usage, occasionally, a person who questions whether any truth or fact
can be established on philosophical grounds; sometimes, a critical
inquirer, in opposition to a dogmatist.
All this criticism [of Hume] proceeds upon the erroneous hypothesis
that he was a dogmatist. He was a skeptic; that is, he accepted the
principles asserted by the prevailing dogmatism: and only showed
that such and such conclusions were, on these principles,
inevitable. Sir W. Hamilton.
3. (Theol.) A person who doubts the existence and perfections of God,
or the truth of revelation; one who disbelieves the divine origin of
the Christian religion.
Suffer not your faith to be shaken by the sophistries of skeptics.
S. Clarke.
NOTE: &hand; This word and its derivatives are often written with c
instead of k in the first syllable, -- sceptic, sceptical,
scepticism, etc. Dr. Johnson, struck with the extraordinary
irregularity of giving c its hard sound before e, altered the
spelling, and his example has been followed by most of the
lexicographers who have succeeded him; yet the prevalent practice
among English writers and printers is in favor of the other mode.
In the United States this practice is reversed, a large and
increasing majority of educated persons preferring the orthography
which is most in accordance with etymology and analogy.
Syn. -- Infidel; unbeliever; doubter. -- See Infidel.
Skeptic, Skeptical
Skep"tic (?), Skep"tic*al (?), a. [Written also sceptic, sceptical.]
1. Of or pertaining to a sceptic or skepticism; characterized by
skepticism; hesitating to admit the certainly of doctrines or
principles; doubting of everything.
2. (Theol.) Doubting or denying the truth of revelation, or the sacred
Scriptures.
The skeptical system subverts the whole foundation of morals. R.
Hall.
-- Skep"tac*al*ly, adv. -- Skep"tic*al*ness, n.
Skepticism
Skep"ti*cism (?), n. [Cf. F. scepticisme.] [Written also scepticism.]
1. An undecided, inquiring state of mind; doubt; uncertainty.
That momentary amazement, and irresolution, and confusion, which is
the result of skepticism. Hune.
2. (Metaph.) The doctrine that no fact or principle can be certainly
known; the tenet that all knowledge is uncertain; Pyrrohonism;
universal doubt; the position that no fact or truth, however worthy of
confidence, can be established on philosophical grounds; critical
investigation or inquiry, as opposed to the positive assumption or
assertion of certain principles.
3. (Theol.) A doubting of the truth of revelation, or a denial of the
divine origin of the Christian religion, or of the being, perfections,
or truth of God.
Let no . . . secret skepticism lead any one to doubt whether this
blessed prospect will be realized. S. Miller.
Skepticize
Skep"ti*cize (?), v. i. To doubt; to pretend to doubt of everything.
[R.]
To skepticize, where no one else will . . . hesitate. Shaftesbury.
Skerry
Sker"ry (?), n.; pl. Skerries (#). [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. sker,
Sw. sk\'84r, Dan. ski. Cf. Scar a bank.] A rocky isle; an insulated
rock. [Scot.]
Sketch
Sketch (?), n. [D. schets, fr. It. schizzo a sketch, a splash (whence
also F. esquisse; cf. Esquisse.); cf. It. schizzare to splash, to
sketch.] An outline or general delineation of anything; a first rough
or incomplete draught or plan of any design; especially, in the fine
arts, such a representation of an object or scene as serves the
artist's purpose by recording its chief features; also, a preliminary
study for an original work. Syn. -- Outline; delineation; draught;
plan; design. -- Sketch, Outline, Delineation. An outline gives only
the bounding lines of some scene or picture. A sketch fills up the
outline in part, giving broad touches, by which an imperfect idea may
be conveyed. A delineation goes further, carrying out the more
striking features of the picture, and going so much into detail as to
furnish a clear conception of the whole. Figuratively, we may speak of
the outlines of a plan, of a work, of a project, etc., which serve as
a basis on which the subordinate parts are formed, or of sketches of
countries, characters, manners, etc., which give us a general idea of
the things described. Crabb.
Sketch
Sketch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sketched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sketching.]
[Cf D. schetsen, It. schizzare. See Sketch, n.]
1. To draw the outline or chief features of; to make a rought of.
2. To plan or describe by giving the principal points or ideas of.
Syn. -- To delineate; design; draught; depict.
Sketch
Sketch, v. i. To make sketches, as of landscapes.
Sketchbook
Sketch"book`, n. A book of sketches or for sketches.
Sketcher
Sketch"er (?), n. One who sketches.
Sketchily
Sketch"i*ly (?), adv. In a sketchy or incomplete manner. "Sketchily
descriptive." Bartlett.
Sketchiness
Sketch"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being sketchy; lack of
finish; incompleteness.
Sketchy
Sketch"y (?), a. Containing only an outline or rough form; being in
the manner of a sketch; incomplete.
The execution is sketchy throughout; the head, in particular, is
left in the rough. J. S. Harford.
Skew
Skew (?), adv. [Cf. D. scheef. Dan. ski, Sw. skef, Icel. skeifr, G.
schief, also E. shy, a. & v. i.] Awry; obliquely; askew.
Skew
Skew, a. Turned or twisted to one side; situated obliquely; skewed; --
chiefly used in technical phrases. Skew arch, an oblique arch. See
under Oblique. -- Skew back. (Civil Engin.) (a) The course of masonry,
the stone, or the iron plate, having an inclined face, which forms the
abutment for the voussoirs of a segmental arch. (b) A plate, cap, or
shoe, having an inclined face to receive the nut of a diagonal brace,
rod, or the end of an inclined strut, in a truss or frame. -- Skew
bridge. See under Bridge, n. -- Skew curve (Geom.), a curve of double
curvature, or a twisted curve. See Plane curve, under Curve. -- Skew
gearing, OR Skew bevel gearing (Mach.), toothed gearing, generally
resembling bevel gearing, for connecting two shafts that are neither
parallel nor intersecting, and in which the teeth slant across the
faces of the gears. -- Skew surface (Geom.), a ruled surface such that
in general two successive generating straight lines do not intersect;
a warped surface; as, the helicoid is a skew surface. -- Skew
symmetrical determinant (Alg.), a determinant in which the elements in
each column of the matrix are equal to the elements of the
corresponding row of the matrix with the signs changed, as in (1),
below. (1) 0 2 -3-2 0 53 -5 0 (2) 4 -1 71 8 -2-7 2 1
NOTE: This requires that the numbers in the diagonal from the upper
left to lower right corner be zeros. A like determinant in which
the numbers in the diagonal are not zeros is a skew determinant, as
in (2), above.
Skew
Skew (?), n. (Arch.) A stone at the foot of the slope of a gable, the
offset of a buttress, or the like, cut with a sloping surface and with
a check to receive the coping stones and retain them in place.
Skew
Skew, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Skewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skewing.]
1. To walk obliquely; to go sidling; to lie or move obliquely.
Child, you must walk straight, without skewing. L'Estrange.
2. To start aside; to shy, as a horse. [Prov. Eng.]
3. To look obliquely; to squint; hence, to look slightingly or
suspiciously. Beau & Fl.
Skew
Skew, v. t. [See Skew, adv.]
1. To shape or form in an oblique way; to cause to take an oblique
position.
2. To throw or hurl obliquely.
Skewbald
Skew"bald` (?), a. Marked with spots and patches of white and some
color other than black; -- usually distinguished from piebald, in
which the colors are properly white and black. Said of horses.
Skewer
Skew"er (?), n. [Probably of Scand, origin; cf. Sw. & Dan. skifer a
slate. Cf. Shuver a fragment.] A pin of wood or metal for fastening
meat to a spit, or for keeping it in form while roasting.
Meat well stuck with skewers to make it look round. Swift.
Skewer
Skew"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skewered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skewering.]
To fasten with skewers.
Skid
Skid (?), n. [Icel. sk\'c6 a billet of wood. See Shide.] [Written also
skeed.]
1. A shoe or clog, as of iron, attached to a chain, and placed under
the wheel of a wagon to prevent its turning when descending a steep
hill; a drag; a skidpan; also, by extension, a hook attached to a
chain, and used for the same purpose.
2. A piece of timber used as a support, or to receive pressure.
Specifically: (a) pl. (Naut.) Large fenders hung over a vessel's side
to protect it in handling a cargo. Totten. (b) One of a pair of
timbers or bars, usually arranged so as to form an inclined plane, as
form a wagon to a door, along which anything is moved by sliding or
rolling. (c) One of a pair of horizontal rails or timbers for
supporting anything, as a boat, a barrel, etc.<-- a small platform,
typically of two layers, having a space between the layers into which
the fork of a fork lift can be inserted; used to conveniently
transport heavy objects by means of a fork lift. -->
Skid
Skid, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skidded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skidding.]
1. To protect or support with a skid or skids; also, to cause to move
on skids.
2. To check with a skid, as wagon wheels. Dickens.
Skiddaw
Skid"daw` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The black guillemot. [Prov. Eng.]
Skidpan
Skid"pan` (?), n. See Skid, n., 1. [Eng.]
Skied
Skied (?), imp. & p. p. of Sky, v. t.
Skiey
Ski"ey (?), a. See Skyey. Shelley.
Skiff
Skiff (?), n. [F. esquif, fr. OHG. skif, G. schiff. See Ship.] A
small, light boat.
The pilot of some small night-foundered skiff. Milton.
Skiff caterpillar (Zo\'94l.), the larva of a moth (Limacodes scapha);
-- so called from its peculiar shape.
Skiff
Skiff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skiffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skiffing.] To
navigate in a skiff. [R.]
Skiffling
Skif"fling (?), n. (Quarrying) Rough dressing by knocking off knobs or
projections; knobbing.
Skilder
Skil"der (?), v. i. To beg; to pilfer; to skelder. [Prov. Eng.& Scot.]
Sir W. Scott.
Skilful
Skil"ful (?), a. See Skilful.
Skill
Skill (?), n. [Icel. skil a distinction, discernment; akin to skilja
to separate, divide, distinguish, Sw. skilja,. skille to separate,
skiel reason, right, justice, Sw. sk\'84l reason, Lith. skelli to
cleave. Cf. Shell, Shoal, a multitude.]
1. Discrimination; judgment; propriety; reason; cause. [Obs.] Shak.
"As it was skill and right." Chaucer.
For great skill is, he prove that he wrought. Chaucer.
[For with good reason he should test what he created.]
2. Knowledge; understanding. [Obsoles.]
That by his fellowship he color might< oth his estate and love from
skill of any wight. Spenser.
Nor want we skill or art. Milton.
3. The familiar knowledge of any art or science, united with readiness
and dexterity in execution or performance, or in the application of
the art or science to practical purposes; power to discern and
execute; ability to perceive and perform; expertness; aptitude; as,
the skill of a mathematician, physician, surgeon, mechanic, etc.
Phocion, . . . by his great wisdom and skill at negotiations,
diverted Alexander from the conquest of Athens. Swift.
Where patience her sweet skill imparts. Keble.
4. Display of art; exercise of ability; contrivance; address. [Obs.]
Richard . . . by a thousand princely skills, gathering so much corn
as if he meant not to return. Fuller.
5. Any particular art. [Obs.]
Learned in one skill, and in another kind of learning unskillful.
Hooker.
Syn. -- Dexterity; adroitness; expertness; art; aptitude; ability. --
Skill, Dexterity, Adroitness. Skill is more intelligent, denoting
familiar knowledge united to readiness of performance. Dexterity, when
applied to the body, is more mechanical, and refers to habitual ease
of execution. Adroitness involves the same image with dexterity, and
differs from it as implaying a general facility of movement
(especially in avoidance of danger or in escaping from a difficalty).
The same distinctions apply to the figurative sense of the words. A
man is skillful in any employment when he understands both its theory
and its practice. He is dexterous when he maneuvers with great
lightness. He is adroit in the use od quick, sudden, and well-directed
movements of the body or the mind, so as to effect the object he has
in view.
Skill
Skill (?), v. t. To know; to understand. [Obs.]
To skill the arts of expressing our mind. Barrow.
Skill
Skill, v. i.
1. To be knowing; to have understanding; to be dexterous in
performance. [Obs.]
I can not skill of these thy ways. Herbert.
2. To make a difference; to signify; to matter; -- used impersonally.
Spenser.
What skills it, if a bag of stones or gold About thy neck do drown
thee? Herbert.
It skills not talking of it. Sir W. Scott.
Skilled
Skilled (?), a. Having familiar knowledge united with readiness and
dexterity in its application; familiarly acquainted with; expert;
skillful; -- often followed by in; as, a person skilled in drawing or
geometry.
Skillet
Skil"let (?), n. [OF. escuelette, dim. of escuelle a porringer, F.
ecuelle, fr. L. scutella, dim. of scutra, scuta, a dish. Cf. Scuttle a
basket.] A small vessel of iron, copper, or other metal, with a
handle, used for culinary purpose, as for stewing meat.
Skillful
Skill"ful (?), a. [Written also skilful.]
1. Discerning; reasonable; judicious; cunning. [Obs.] "Of skillful
judgment." Chaucer.
2. Possessed of, or displaying, skill; knowing and ready; expert;
well-versed; able in management; as, a skillful mechanic; -- often
followed by at, in, or of; as, skillful at the organ; skillful in
drawing.
And they shall call the husbandman to mourning, and such as are
skillful of lamentations to wailing. Amos v. 16.
Syn. -- Expert; skilled; dexterous; adept; masterly; adroit; clever;
cunning. -- Skill"ful*ly, adv. -- Skill"ful*ness, n.
Skilligalee
Skil`li*ga*lee" (?), n. A kind of thin, weak broth or oatmeal
porridge, served out to prisoners and paupers in England; also, a
drink made of oatmeal, sugar, and water, sometimes used in the English
navy or army. [Written also skilligolee, skillygalee, etc.]
Skilling
Skil"ling (?), n. [Cf. Sheeling.] A bay of a barn; also, a slight
addition to a cottage. [Prov. Eng.]
Skilling
Skil"ling, n. [Sw. & Dan. See Shilling.] A money od account in Sweden,
Norwey, Denmark, and North Germany, and also a coin. It had various
values, from three fourths of a cent in Norway to more than two cents
in L\'81beck.
Skill-less
Skill"-less, a. Wanting skill. Shak.
Skilts
Skilts (?), n. pl. A kind of large, coarse, short trousers formerly
worn. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.
Skilty
Skil"ty (?), n. The water rail. [Prov. Eng.]
Skim
Skim (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skimmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skimming.]
[Cf. Sw. skymma to darken. &root;158. See Scum.]
1. To clear (a liquid) from scum or substance floating or lying
thereon, by means of a utensil that passes just beneath the surface;
as, to skim milk; to skim broth.
2. To take off by skimming; as, to skim cream.
3. To pass near the surface of; to brush the surface of; to glide
swiftly along the surface of.
Homer describes Mercury as flinging himself from the top of
Olympus, and skimming the surface of the ocean. Hazlitt.
4. Fig.: To read or examine superficially and rapidly, in order to
cull the principal facts or thoughts; as, to skim a book or a
newspaper.
Skim
Skim, v. i.
1. To pass lightly; to glide along in an even, smooth course; to glide
along near the surface.
Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain, Flies o'er the
unbending corn, and skims along the main. Pope.
2. To hasten along with superficial attention.
They skim over a science in a very superficial survey. I. Watts.
3. To put on the finishing coat of plaster.
Skim
Skim, a. Contraction of Skimming and Skimmed. Skim coat, the final or
finishing coat of plaster. -- Skim colter, a colter for paring off the
surface of land. -- Skim milk, skimmed milk; milk from which the cream
has been taken.
Skrim
Skrim, n. Scum; refuse. Bryskett.
Skimback
Skim"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The quillback. [Local, U.S.]
Skimble-scamble
Skim"ble-scam`ble (?), a. [A reduplication of scamble.] Rambling;
disorderly; unconnected. [Colloq.]
Such a deal of skimble-scamble stuff. Shak.
Skimitry
Skim"i*try (?), n. See Skimmington.
Skimmer
Skim"mer (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, skims; esp., a utensil with which liquids
are skimmed.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of longwinged marine birds of the genus
Rhynchops, allied to the terns, but having the lower mandible
compressed and much longer than the upper one. These birds fly rapidly
along the surface of the water, with the lower mandible immersed, thus
skimming out small fishes. The American species (R. nigra) is common
on the southern coasts of the United States. Called also scissorbill,
and shearbill.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several large bivalve shells, sometimes used
for skimming milk, as the sea clams, and large scallops.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1350
Skimmerton
Skim"mer*ton (?), n. See Skimmington.
Skimming
Skim"ming (?), n.
1. The act of one who skims.
2. That which is skimmed from the surface of a liquid; -- chiefly used
in the plural; as, the skimmings of broth.
Skimmingly
Skim"ming*ly, adv. In a skimming manner.
Skimmington
Skim"ming*ton (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain. Perhaps the name of some
notorius scold.] A word employed in the phrase, To ride Skimmington;
that is to ride on a horse with a woman, but behind her, facing
backward, carrying a distaff, and accompanied by a procession of
jeering neighbors making mock music; a cavalcade in ridicule of a
henpecked man. The custom was in vogue in parts of England.
Skimp
Skimp (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skimped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skimping.]
[Cf. Skinch, Scamp, v. t.]
1. To slight; to do carelessly; to scamp. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
2. To make insufficient allowance for; to scant; to scrimp. [Prov.
Eng. & Colloq. U. S.] <-- used with "on"; to skimp on clothing so as
to have enough food. -->
Skimp
Skimp, v. i. To save; to be parsimonious or niggardly. [Prov. Eng. &
Colloq. U.S.]
Skimp
Skimp, a. Scanty. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
Skin
Skin (?), n. [Icel. skinn; akin to Sw. skinn, Dan. skind, AS. scinn,
G. schined to skin.]
1. (Anat.) The external membranous integument of an animal.
NOTE: &hand; In ma n, an d th e ve rtebrates ge nerally, th e skin
consist of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular
epidermis, cuticle, or skarfskin, composed of cells which are
constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown
off in the superficial, layers; and an inner sensitive, and
vascular dermis, cutis, corium, or true skin, composed mostly of
connective tissue.
2. The hide of an animal, separated from the body, whether green, dry,
or tanned; especially, that of a small animal, as a calf, sheep, or
goat.
3. A vessel made of skin, used for holding liquids. See Bottle, 1.
"Skins of wine." Tennyson.
4. The bark or husk of a plant or fruit; the exterior coat of fruits
and plants.
5. (Naut.) (a) That part of a sail, when furled, which remains on the
outside and covers the whole. Totten. (b) The covering, as of planking
or iron plates, outside the framing, forming the sides and bottom of a
vessel; the shell; also, a lining inside the framing.
Skin friction, Skin resistance (Naut.), the friction, or resistance,
caused by the tendency of water to adhere to the immersed surface
(skin) of a vessel. -- Skin graft (Surg.), a small portion of skin
used in the process of grafting. See Graft, v. t., 2. -- Skin moth
(Zo\'94l.), any insect which destroys the prepared skins of animals,
especially the larva of Dermestes and Anthrenus. -- Skin of the teeth,
nothing, or next to nothing; the least possible hold or advantage. Job
xix. 20. -- Skin wool, wool taken from dead sheep.
Skin
Skin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skinned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skinning.]
1. To strip off the skin or hide of; to flay; to peel; as, to skin an
animal.
2. To cover with skin, or as with skin; hence, to cover superficially.
It will but skin and film the ulcerous place. Shak.
3. To strip of money or property; to cheat. [Slang]
Skin
Skin, v. i.
1. To become covered with skin; as, a wound skins over.
2. To produce, in recitation, examination, etc., the work of another
for one's own, or to use in such exercise cribs, memeoranda, etc.,
which are prohibited. [College Cant, U.S.]
Skinbound
Skin"bound` (?), a. Having the skin adhering closely and rigidly to
the flesh; hidebound. Skinbound disease. (Med.) See Sclerema
neonatorum, under Sclerema.
Skinch
Skinch (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Skinched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Skinching.] [Cf. Scant.] To give scant measure; to squeeze or pinch in
order to effect a saving. [Prev. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
Skin-deep
Skin"-deep` (?), a. Not deeper than the skin; hence, superficial.
Lowell.
Skinflint
Skin"flint` (?), n. [Skin + flint.] A penurious person; a miser; a
niggard. Sir W. Scott.
Skinful
Skin"ful (?), n.; pl. Skinfuls (. As much as a skin can hold.
Skink
Skink (?), n. [L. scincus, Gr. [Written also scink.] (Zo\'94l.) Any
one of numerous species of regularly scaled harmless lizards of the
family Scincid\'91, common in the warmer parts of all the continents.
NOTE: &hand; The officinal skink (Scincus officinalis) inhabits the
sandy plains of South Africa. It was believed by the ancients to be
a specific for various diseases. A common slender species (Seps
tridactylus) of Southern Europe was formerly believed to produce
fatal diseases in cattle by mere contact. The American skinks
include numerous species of the genus Eumeces, as the blue-tailed
skink (E. fasciatus) of the Eastern United States. The ground
skink, or ground lizard (Oligosoma laterale) inhabits the Southern
United States.
Skink
Skink, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skinked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skinking.]
[Icel. skenja; akin to Sw. sk\'84ka, Dan. skienke, AS. scencan, D. &
G. schenken. As. scencan is usually derived from sceonc, sceanc,
shank, a hollow bone being supposed to have been used to draw off
liquor from a cask. &root;161. See Shank, and cf. Nunchion.] To draw
or serve, as drink. [Obs.]
Bacchus the wine them skinketh all about. Chaucer.
Such wine as Ganymede doth skink to Jove. Shirley.
Skink
Skink, v. i. To serve or draw liquor. [Obs.]
Skink
Skink, n. Drink; also, pottage. [Obs.] Bacon.
Skinker
Skink"er (?), n. One who serves liquor; a tapster.
Skinless
Skin"less (?), a. Having no skin, or a very thin skin; as, skinless
fruit.
Skinner
Skin"ner (?), n.
1. One who skins.
2. One who deals in skins, pelts, or hides.
Skinniness
Skin"ni*ness (?), n. Quality of being skinny.
Skinny
Skin"ny (?), a. Consisting, or chiefly consisting, of skin; wanting
flesh. "Her skinny lips." Shak.
He holds him with a skinny hand. Coleridge.
Skip
Skip (?), n. [See Skep.]
1. A basket. See Skep. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
2. A basket on wheels, used in cotton factories.
3. (Mining) An iron bucket, which slides between guides, for hoisting
mineral and rock.
4. (Sugar Manuf.) A charge of sirup in the pans.
5. A beehive; a skep.
Skip
Skip, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Skipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skipping.] [OE.
skippen, of uncertain origin; cf. Icel. skopa run, skoppa to spin like
a top, OSw. & dial. Sw. skimmpa to run, skimpa, skompa, to hop, skip;
or Ir. sgiob to snatch, Gael. sgiab to start or move suddenly, to
snatch, W. ysgipio to snatch.]
1. To leap lightly; to move in leaps and hounds; -- commonly implying
a sportive spirit.
The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day, Had he thy reason, would
he skip and play? Pope.
So she drew her mother away skipping, dancing, and frisking
fantastically. Hawthorne.
2. Fig.: To leave matters unnoticed, as in reading, speaking, or
writing; to pass by, or overlook, portions of a thing; -- often
followed by over.
Skip
Skip, v. t.
1. To leap lightly over; as, to skip the rope.
2. To pass over or by without notice; to omit; to miss; as, to skip a
line in reading; to skip a lesson.
They who have a mind to see the issue may skip these two chapters.
Bp. Burnet.
3. To cause to skip; as, to skip a stone. [Colloq.]
Skip
Skip, n.
1. A light leap or bound.
2. The act of passing over an interval from one thing to another; an
omission of a part.
3. (Mus.) A passage from one sound to another by more than a degree at
once. Busby.
Skip kennel, a lackey; a footboy. [Slang.] Swift. -- Skip mackerel.
(Zo\'94l.) See Bluefish, 1.
Skipjack
Skip"jack` (?), n.
1. An upstart. [Obs.] Ford.
2. (Zo\'94l.) An elater; a snap bug, or snapping beetle.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A name given to several kinds of a fish, as the common
bluefish, the alewife, the bonito, the butterfish, the cutlass fish,
the jurel, the leather jacket, the runner, the saurel, the saury, the
threadfish, etc.
4. (Naut.) A shallow sailboat with a rectilinear or V-shaped cross
section.
Skipper
Skip"per (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, skips.
2. A young, thoughtless person. Shak.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The saury (Scomberesox saurus).
4. The cheese maggot. See Cheese fly, under Cheese.
5. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small butterflies of the
family Hesperiad\'91; -- so called from their peculiar short, jerking
flight.
Skipper
Skip"per, n. [D. schipper. See Shipper, and Ship.]
1. (Naut.) The master of a fishing or small trading vessel; hence, the
master, or captain, of any vessel.
2. A ship boy. [Obs.] Congreve.
Skippet
Skip"pet (?), n. [Cf. Icel. skip, E. skipper. See Ship.]
1. A small boat; a skiff. [Obs.]
A little skippet floating did appear. Spenser.
2. A small round box for keeping records. [Obs.]
Skippingly
Skip"ping*ly (?), adv. In a skipping manner; by skips, or light leaps.
Skirl
Skirl (?), v. t.& i. [Of Scand. origin, and originally the same word
as E. shrill.] To utter in a shrill tone; to scream. [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]
Skirl
Skirl, n. A shrill cry or sound. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Skirlcock
Skirl"cock` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The missel thrush; -- so called from
its harsh alarm note. [Prev. Eng.]
Skirlcrake
Skirl"crake` (?), n. The turnstone. [Prev. Eng.]
Skirling
Skirl"ing, n. A shrill cry or sound; a crying shrilly; a skirl. [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
When the skirling of the pipes cleft the air his cold eyes
softened. Mrs. J. H. Ewing.
Skirling
Skirl"ing, n. (Zo\'94l.) A small trout or salmon; -- a name used
loosely. [Prov. Eng.]
Skirmish
Skir"mish (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Skirmished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Skirmishing.] [OE. skirmishen, scarmishen, OF. escremir, eskermir, to
fence, fight, F. escrimer, of German origin; cf. OHG. scirmen to
protect, defend, G. schirmen, OHG. scirm, scerm, protection, shield,
G. schirm; perhaps akin to Gr. Scaramouch, Scrimmage.] To fight
slightly or in small parties; to engage in a skirmish or skirmishes;
to act as skirmishers.
Skirmish
Skir"mish, n.[OE. scarmishe, scrymishe. See Skirmish, v. i.]
1. A slight fight in war; a light or desultory combat between
detachments from armies, or between detached and small bodies of
troops.
2. A slight contest.
They never meet but there's a skirmish of wit. Shak.
Skirmisher
Skir"mish*er (?), n. One who skirmishes. Specifically: pl. (Mil.)
Soldiers deployed in loose order, to cover the front or flanks of an
advancing army or a marching column.
Skirr
Skirr (?), v. t. [Cf. Scur, Scurry.] To ramble over in order to clear;
to scour. [Archaic] Shak.
Skirr
Skirr, v. i. To scour; to scud; to run. [Archaic]
Skirr
Skirr, n. (Zo\'94l.) A tern. [Prov. Eng.]
Skirret
Skir"ret (?), n. [A corrupted form equivalent to sugarwort.] (Bot.) An
umbelliferous plant (Sium, OR Pimpinella, Sisarum). It is a native of
Asia, but has been long cultivated in Europe for its edible clustered
tuberous roots, which are very sweet.
Skirrhus
Skir"rhus (?), n. (Med.) See Scirrhus.
Skirt
Skirt (?), n. [OE. skyrt, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. skyrta a shirt,
Sw. sk\'94rt a skirt, skjorta a shirt. See Shirt.]
1. The lower and loose part of a coat, dress, or other like garment;
the part below the waist; as, the skirt of a coat, a dress, or a
mantle.
2. A loose edging to any part of a dress. [Obs.]
A narrow lace, or a small skirt of ruffled linen, which runs along
the upper part of the stays before, and crosses the breast, being a
part of the tucker, is called the modesty piece. Addison.
3. Border; edge; margin; extreme part of anything "Here in the skirts
of the forest." Shak.
4. A petticoat.
5. The diaphragm, or midriff, in animals. Dunglison.
Skirt
Skirt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skirted; p. pr. & vb. n. Skirting.]
1. To cover with a skirt; to surround.
Skirted his loins and thighs with downy gold. Milton.
2. To border; to form the border or edge of; to run along the edge of;
as, the plain was skirted by rows of trees. "When sundown skirts the
moor." Tennyson.
Skirt
Skirt, v. t. To be on the border; to live near the border, or
extremity.
Savages . . . who skirt along our western frontiers. S. S. Smith.
Skirting
Skirt"ing, n.
1. (Arch.) A skirting board. [R.]
2. Skirts, taken collectivelly; material for skirts.
Skirting board, the board running around a room on the wall next the
floor; baseboard.
Skit
Skit (?)/pr>, v. t. [Prov. E. skitto slide, as adj., hasty,
precipitate, of Scand. origin, and akin to E. shoot, v.t.; cf. Icel.
skyti, skytja, skytta, a marksman, shooter, skj&omac;ta to shoot,
sk&umac;ta a taunt. &root;159. See Shoot.] To cast reflections on; to
asperse. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Crose.
Skit
Skit, n.
1. A reflection; a jeer or gibe; a sally; a brief satire; a squib.
Tooke.
A similar vein satire upon the emptiness of writers is given in his
"Tritical Essay upon the Faculties of the Human Mind;" but that is
a mere skit compared with this strange performance. Leslie Stephen.
2. A wanton girl; a light wench. [Obs.]
Skittish
Skit"tish (?), a. [See Skit, v. t.]
1. Easily frightened; timorous; shy; untrustworthy; as, a skittish
colt. "A restiff, skittish jade." L'Estrange.
2. Wanton; restive; freakish; volatile; changeable; fickle. "Skittish
Fortune's hall." Shak. -- Skit"tish*ly, adv. -- Skit"tish*ness, n.
Skittle
Skit"tle (?), a. Pertaining to the game of skittles. Skittle alley, an
alley or court in which the game of skittles is played. -- Skittle
ball, a disk or flattish ball of wood for throwing at the pins in the
game of skittles.
Skittle-dog
Skit"tle-dog` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The piked dogfish.
Skittles
Skit"tles (?), n. pl. [Of Scand. origin. &root;159. See Shoot, v. t.,
and cf. Shuttle, Skit, v. t.] An English game resembling ninepins, but
played by throwing wooden disks, instead of rolling balls, at the
pins.
Skitty
Skit"ty (?), n. [Cf. Skittish.] (Zo\'94l.) A rail; as, the water rail
(called also skitty cock, and skitty coot); the spotted crake (Porzana
maruetta), and the moor hen. [Prov. Eng.]
Skive
Skive (?), n. [Cf. Icel. sk\'c6fa a shaving, slice, E. shive, sheave.]
The iron lap used by diamond polishers in finishing the facets of the
gem.
Skive
Skive (?), v. t. To pare or shave off the rough or thick parts of
(hides or leather).
Skiver
Skiv"er (?), n. [Cf. Skewer, Shiver a fragment.]
1. An inferior quality of leather, made of split sheepskin, tanned by
immersion in sumac, and dyed. It is used for hat linings, pocketbooks,
bookbinding, etc.
2. The cutting tool or machine used in splitting leather or skins, as
sheepskins.
Skiving
Ski"ving (?), n.
1. The act of paring or splitting leather or skins.
2. A piece made in paring or splitting leather; specifically, the part
from the inner, or flesh, side.
Sklayre
Sklayre (?), n. [Cf. G. schleier.] A vell. [Obs.]
Sklere
Sklere (?), v. t. To shelter; to cover. [Obs.]
Skolecite, Skolezite
Skol"e*cite (?), Skol"e*zite (?), n. (Min.) See Scolecite.
Skonce
Skonce (?), n. See Sconce.
Scopster
Scop"ster (?), n. The saury. [Prov. Eng.]
Skorodite
Skor"o*dite (?), n. (Min.) See Scorodite.
Skout
Skout (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A guillemot.
Skowitz
Sko"witz (?), n. [Nisqually (American Indian) name.] (Zo\'94l.) The
silver salmon.
Skreen
Skreen (?), n. & v. See Screen. [Obs.]
Skrike
Skrike (?), v. i. & t. To shriek. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Skrike
Skrike, n. (Zo\'94l.) The missel thrush. [Prov. Eng.]
Skrimmage
Skrim"mage (?), n. See Scrimmage.
Skrimp
Skrimp (?), v. t. See Scrimp.
Skringe
Skringe (?), v. i. See Scringe.
Skrite
Skrite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The skrike. [Prov. Eng.]
Skua
Sku"a (?), n. [Icel. sk, sk.] (Zo\'94l.) Any jager gull; especially,
the Megalestris skua; -- called also boatswain.
Skue
Skue (?), a. & n. See Skew.
Skulk
Skulk (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Skulked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Skulking.]
[Of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. skulke to spare or save one's self, to
play the truant, Sw. skolka to be at leisure, to shirk, Icel. skolla.
Cf. Scowl.] To hide, or get out of the way, in a sneaking manner; to
lie close, or to move in a furtive way; to lurk. "Want skulks in holes
and crevices." W. C. Bryant.
Discovered and defeated of your prey, You skulked behind the fence,
and sneaked away. Dryden.
Skulk
Skulk, n. [Cf. Icel. skollr, skolli, a fox, and E. skulk, v.i.] A
number of foxes together. Wright.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1351
Skulk, Skulker
Skulk (?), Skulk"er (?), n. One who, or that which, skulks.
Skulkingly
Skulk"ing*ly, adv. In a skulking manner.
Skull
Skull (?), n. [See School a multitude.] A school, company, or shoal.
[Obs.]
A knavish skull of boys and girls did pelt at him. Warner.
These fishes enter in great flotes and skulls. Holland.
Skull
Skull, n. [OE. skulle, sculle, scolle; akin to Scot. skull, skoll,
a bowl, Sw. skalle skull, skal a shell, and E. scale; cf. G.
hirnschale, Dan. hierneskal. Cf. Scale of a balance.]
1. (Anat.) The skeleton of the head of a vertebrate animal,
including the brain case, or cranium, and the bones and cartilages
of the face and mouth. See Illusts. of Carnivora, of Facial angles
under Facial, and of Skeleton, in Appendix.
NOTE: &hand; In ma ny fi shes th e sk ull is al most wh olly
cartilaginous but in the higher vertebrates it is more or less
completely ossified, several bones are developed in the face, and
the cranium is made up, wholly or partially, of bony plates
arranged in three segments, the frontal, parietal, and occipital,
and usually closely united in the adult.
2. The head or brain; the seat of intelligence; mind.
Skulls that can not teach, and will not learn. Cowper.
3. A covering for the head; a skullcap. [Obs. & R.]
Let me put on my skull first. Beau & Fl.
4. A sort of oar. See Scull.
Skull and crossbones, a symbol of death. See Crossbones.
Skullcap
Skull"cap` (?), n.
1. A cap which fits the head closely; also, formerly, a headpiece of
iron sewed inside of a cap for protection.
2. (Bot.) Any plant of the labiate genus Scutellaria, the calyx of
whose flower appears, when inverted, like a helmet with the visor
raised.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The Lophiomys.
Mad-dog skullcap (Bot.), an American herb (Scetellaria lateriflora)
formerly prescribed as a cure for hydrophobia.
Skullfish
Skull"fish` (?), n. A whaler's name for a whale more than two years
old.
Skulpin
Skul"pin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Sculpin.
Skun
Skun (?), n. & v. See Scum.
Skunk
Skunk (?), n. [Contr. from the Abenaki (American Indian) seganku.]
(Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of American musteline carnivores
of the genus Mephitis and allied genera. They have two glands near the
anus, secreting an extremely fetid liquid, which the animal ejects at
pleasure as a means of defense.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon sp ecies of th e Ea stern Un ited States
(Mephitis mephitica) is black with more or less white on the body
and tail. The spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius), native of the
Southwestern United States and Mexico, is smaller than the common
skunk, and is variously marked with black and white.
Skunk bird, Skunk blackbird (Zo\'94l.), the bobolink; -- so called
because the male, in the breeding season, is black and white, like a
skunk. -- Skunk cabbage (Bot.), an American aroid herb (Symplocarpus
f&oe;tidus>) having a reddish hornlike spathe in earliest spring,
followed by a cluster of large cabbagelike leaves. It exhales a
disagreeable odor. Also called swamp cabbage. -- Skunk porpoise.
(Zo\'94l.) See under Porpoise.
Skunk
Skunk, v. t. In games of chance and skill: To defeat (an opponent) (as
in cards) so that he fails to gain a point, or (in checkers) to get a
king. [Colloq. U. S.]
Skunkball
Skunk"ball` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The surf duck.
Skunkhead
Skunk"head` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The surf duck. (b) A duck
(Camptolaimus Labradorus) which formerly inhabited the Atlantic coast
of New England. It is now supposed to be extinct. Called also Labrador
duck, and pied duck.
Skunkish
Skunk"ish, a. Like the skunk, especially in odor.
Skunktop
Skunk"top` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The surf duck.
Skunkweed
Skunk"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Skunk cabbage.
Skurry
Skur"ry (?), n. & v. See Scurry.
Skute
Skute (?), n. [Icel. sk; akin to Sw. skuta, Dan. skude, D. schuit, Lg.
sch\'81te, and E. schoot, v.t.] A boat; a small vessel. [Obs.] Sir R.
Williams.
Skutterudite
Skut"ter*ud*ite (?), n. [From Skuttertid, in Norway, whence it is
ibtained.] (Min.) A mineral of a bright metallic luster and tin-white
to pale lead-gray color. It consist of arsenic and cobalt.
Sky
Sky (?), n.; pl. Skies (#). [OE. skie a cloud, Icel. sk; akin to Sw. &
Dan. sky; cf. AS. sc, sc, shadow, Icel. skuggi; probably from the same
root as E. scum. &root;158. See Scum, and cf. Hide skin, Obscure.]
1. A cloud. [Obs.]
[A wind] that blew so hideously and high, That it ne lefte not a
sky In all the welkin long and broad. Chaucer.
2. Hence, a shadow. [Obs.]
She passeth as it were a sky. Gower.
3. The apparent arch, or vault, of heaven, which in a clear day is of
a blue color; the heavens; the firmament; -- sometimes in the plural.
The Norweyan banners flout the sky. Shak.
4. The wheather; the climate.
Thou wert better in thy grave than to answer with thy uncovered
body this extremity of the skies. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sk y is often used adjectively or in the formation of
self-explaining compounds; as, sky color, skylight, sky-aspiring,
sky-born, sky-pointing, sky-roofed, etc.
Sky blue, an azure color. -- Sky scraper (Naut.), a skysail of a
triangular form. Totten. -- Under open sky, out of doors. "Under open
sky adored." Milton. <-- sky scraper, a tall building, usu. skyscraper
-->
Sky
Sky, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Skied (?) or Skyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Skying
(?).]
1. To hang (a picture on exhibition) near the top of a wall, where it
can not be well seen. [Colloq.]
Brother Academicians who skied his pictures. The Century.
2. To throw towards the sky; as, to sky a ball at cricket. [Colloq.]
Sky-blue
Sky"-blue (?), a. Having the blue color of the sky; azure; as, a
sky-blue stone. Wordsworth.
Skyed
Skyed (?), a. Surrounded by sky. [Poetic & R.] "The skyed mountain."
Thomson.
Skye terrier
Skye" ter"ri*er (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Terrier.
Skyey
Sky"ey (?), a. Like the sky; ethereal; being in the sky. "Skyey
regions." Thackeray.
Sublime on the towers of my skyey bowers, Lightning, my pilot,
sits. Shelley.
Sky-high
Sky"-high` (?), adv. & a. Very high. [Colloq.]
Skyish
Sky"ish, a. Like the sky, or approaching the sky; lofty; ethereal.
[R.] Shak.
Skylark
Sky"lark` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A lark that mounts and sings as it files,
especially the common species (Alauda arvensis) found in Europe and in
some parts of Asia, and celebrated for its melodious song; -- called
also sky laverock. See under Lark.
NOTE: &hand; The Australian skylark (Cincloramphus cantillans) is a
pipit which has the habit of ascending perpendicularly like a
skylark, but it lacks the song of a true lark. The Missouri skylark
is a pipit (Anthus Spraguei) of the Western United States,
resembling the skylark in habit and song.
Skylarking
Sky"lark"ing, n. The act of running about the rigging of a vessel in
sport; hence, frolicking; scuffing; sporting; carousing. [Colloq.]
Skylight
Sky"light` (?), n. A window placed in the roof of a building, in the
ceiling of a room, or in the deck of a ship, for the admission of
light from above.
Skyrocket
Sky"rock`et (?), n. A rocket that ascends high and burns as it flies;
a species of fireworks.
Skysail
Sky"sail (?), n. (Naut.) The sail set next above the royal. See
Illust. under Sail.
Skyward
Sky"ward (?), a. & adv. Toward the sky.
Slab
Slab (?), n. [OE. slabbe, of uncertain origin; perhaps originally
meaning, a smooth piece, and akin to slape, Icel. sleipr slippery, and
E. slip, v. i.]
1. A thin piece of anything, especially of marble or other stone,
having plane surfaces. Gwilt.
2. An outside piece taken from a log or timber in sawing it into
boards, planks, etc.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The wryneck. [Prov. Eng.]
4. (Naut.) The slack part of a sail.
Slab line (Naut.), a line or small rope by which seamen haul up the
foot of the mainsail or foresail. Totten.
Slab
Slab, a. [Cf. Gael. & Ir. slaib mud, mire left on a river strand, and
E. slop puddle.] Thick; viscous. [Obs.]
Make the gruel thick and slab. Shak.
Slab
Slab, n. That which is slimy or viscous; moist earth; mud; also, a
puddle. [Obs.] Evelyn.
Slabber
Slab"ber (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slabbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slabbering.] [OE. slaberen; akin to LG. & D. slabbern, G. schlabbern,
LG. & D. slabben, G. schlabben, Icel. slafra. Cf. Slaver, Slobber,
Slubber.] To let saliva or some liquid fall from the mouth carelessly,
like a child or an idiot; to drivel; to drool. [Written also slaver,
and slobber.]
Slabber
Slab"ber, v. t.
1. To wet and foul spittle, or as if with spittle.
He slabbered me over, from cheek to cheek, with his great tongue.
Arbuthnot.
2. To spill liquid upon; to smear carelessly; to spill, as liquid foed
or drink, in careless eating or drinking.
The milk pan and cream pot so slabbered and tost That butter is
wanting and cheese is half lost. Tusser.
Slabber
Slab"ber, n. Spittle; saliva; slaver.
Slabber
Slab"ber (?), n. [See 1st Slab.] (Mach.) (a) A saw for cutting slabs
from logs. (b) A slabbing machine.
Slabberer
Slab"ber*er (?), n. One who slabbers, or drools; hence, an idiot.
Slabbery
Slab"ber*y (?), a. Like, or covered with, slabber or slab; slippery;
sloppy.
Slabbiness
Slab"bi*ness (?), n. Quality of being slabby.
Slabbing
Slab"bing (?), a. [See 1st Slab.] Adapted for forming slabs, or for
dressing flat surfaces. Slabbing machine, a milling machine.
Slabby
Slab"by (?), a. [Compar. Slabbier (?); superl. Slabbiest.] [See Slab,
a.]
1. Thick; viscous.
They present you with a cup, and you must drink of a slabby stuff.
Selden.
2. Sloppy; slimy; miry. See Sloppy. Gay.
Slab-sided
Slab"-sid`ed (?), a. Having flat sides; hence, tall, or long and lank.
[Colloq. U. S.]
Slack
Slack (?), n. [Cf. Slag.] Small coal; also, coal dust; culm. Raymond.
Slack
Slack, n. [Icel. slakki a slope on a mountain edge.] A valley, or
small, shallow dell. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
Slack
Slack, a. [Compar. Slacker (?); superl. Slackest.] [OE. slak, AS.
sleac; akin to OS. slak, OHG. slah, Prov. G. schlack, Icel. slakr, Sw.
slak; cf. Skr. s&rsdot;j to let loose, to throw. Cf. Slake.] Lax; not
tense; not hard drawn; not firmly extended; as, a slack rope.
2. Weak; not holding fast; as, a slack hand. Milton.
3. Remiss; backward; not using due diligence or care; not earnest or
eager; as, slack in duty or service.
The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count
slackness. 2 Pet. iii. 9.
4. Not violent, rapid, or pressing; slow; moderate; easy; as, business
is slack. "With slack pace." Chaucer.
Cslack southwest, at midnight was becalmed. Milton.
Slack in stays (Naut.), slow in going about, as a ship. -- Slack
water, the time when the tide runs slowly, or the water is at rest; or
the interval between the flux and reflux of the tide. -- Slack-water
navigation, navigation in a stream the depth of which has been
increased, and the current diminished, by a dam or dams. Syn. --
Loose; relaxed; weak; remiss; backward; abated; diminished; inactive;
slow; tardy; dull.
Slack
Slack (?), adv. Slackly; as, slack dried hops.
Slack
Slack, n. The part of anything that hangs loose, having no strain upon
it; as, the slack of a rope or of a sail.
Slack, Slacken
Slack (?), Slack"en (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slacked (?), Slackened (;
p. pr. & vb. n. Slacking, Slackening.] [See Slack, a.]
1. To become slack; to be made less tense, firm, or rigid; to decrease
in tension; as, a wet cord slackens in dry weather.
2. To be remiss or backward; to be negligent.
3. To lose cohesion or solidity by a chemical combination with water;
to slake; as, lime slacks.
4. To abate; to become less violent.
Whence these raging fires Will slacken, if his breath stir not
their flames. Milton.
5. To lose rapidity; to become more slow; as, a current of water
slackens.
6. To languish; to fail; to flag.
7. To end; to cease; to desist; to slake. [Obs.]
That through your death your lineage should slack. Chaucer.
They will not of that firste purpose slack. Chaucer.
Slack, Slacken
Slack, Slack"en, v. t.
1. To render slack; to make less tense or firm; as, to slack a rope;
to slacken a bandage. Wycklif (Acts xxvii. 40)
2. To neglect; to be remiss in. [Obs.] Shak.
Slack not the pressage. Dryden.
3. To deprive of cohesion by combining chemically with water; to
slake; as, to slack lime.
4. To cause to become less eager; to repress; to make slow or less
rapid; to retard; as, to slacken pursuit; to slacken industry. "Rancor
for to slack." Chaucer.
I should be grieved, young prince, to think my presence Unbent your
thoughts, and slackened 'em to arms. Addison.
In this business of growing rich, poor men should slack their pace.
South.
With such delay Well plased, they slack their course. Milton.
5. To cause to become less intense; to mitigate; to abate; to ease.
To respite, or deceive, or slack thy pain Of this ill mansion.
Milton.
Air-slacked lime, lime slacked by exposure to the air, in consequence
of the absorption of carton dioxide and water, by which it is
converted into carbonate of lime and hydrate of lime.
Slacken
Slack"en (?), n. (Metal.) A spongy, semivitrifled substance which
miners or smelters mix with the ores of metals to prevent their
fusion. [Written also slakin.]
Slackly
Slack"ly, adv. In a slack manner. Trench.
Slackness
Slack"ness, n. The quality or state of being slack.
Slade
Slade (?), n. [AS. sl.]
1. A little dell or valley; a flat piece of low, moist ground. [Obs.]
Drayton.
2. The sole of a plow.
Slag
Slag (?), n. [Sw. slagg, or LG. slacke, whence G. schlacke;
originally, perhaps, the splinters struck off from the metal by
hammering. See Slay, v. t.]
1. The dross, or recrement, of a metal; also, vitrified cinders.
2. The scoria of a volcano.
Slag furnace, OR Slag hearth (Metal.), a furnace, or hearth, for
extracting lead from slags or poor ore. -- Slag wool, mineral wool.
See under Mineral.
Slaggy
Slag"gy (?), a. Of or pertaining to slag; resembling slag; as, slaggy
cobalt.
Slaie
Slaie (?), n. [See Sley.] A weaver's reed; a sley.
Slake
Slake (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slaking.]
[OE. slaken to render slack, to slake, AS. sleacian, fr. sleac slack.
See Slack, v. & a.]
1. To allay; to quench; to extinguish; as, to slake thirst. "And slake
the heavenly fire." Spenser.
It could not slake mine ire nor ease my heart. Shak.
2. To mix with water, so that a true chemical combination shall take
place; to slack; as, to slake lime.
Slake
Slake, v. i.
1. To go out; to become extinct. "His flame did slake." Sir T. Browne.
2. To abate; to become less decided. [R.] Shak.
3. To slacken; to become relaxed. "When the body's strongest sinews
slake." [R.] Sir J. Davies.
4. To become mixed with water, so that a true chemical combination
takes place; as, the lime slakes.
Slake trough, a trough containing water in which a blacksmith cools a
forging or tool.
Slakeless
Slake"less, a. Not capable of being slaked.
Slakin
Slak"in (?), n. (Metal.) Slacken.
Slam
Slam (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slammed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slamming.]
[Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. slamra, slambra, sl, Norw. slemba,
slemma, dial. Sw. sl\'84mma.]
1. To shut with force and a loud noise; to bang; as, he slammed the
door.
2. To put in or on some place with force and loud noise; -- usually
with down; as, to slam a trunk down on the pavement.
3. To strike with some implement with force; hence, to beat or cuff.
[Prov. Eng.]
4. To strike down; to slaughter. [Prov. Eng.]
5. To defeat (opponents at cards) by winning all the tricks of a deal
or a hand. Hoyle.
To slam to, to shut or close with a slam. "He slammed to the door." W.
D. Howells.
Slam
Slam, v. i. To come or swing against something, or to shut, with
sudden force so as to produce a shock and noise; as, a door or shutter
slams.
Slam
Slam, n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, slams.
2. The shock and noise produced in slamming.
The slam and the scowl were lost upon Sam. Dickens.
3. (Card Playing) Winning all the tricks of a deal.
4. The refuse of alum works. [Prov. Eng.]
Slam-bang
Slam"-bang` (?), adv. With great violence; with a slamming or banging
noise. [Colloq.]
Slamkin, Slammerkin
Slam"kin (?), Slam"mer*kin (?), n. [Cf. G. schlampe, schlamp, dim.
schl\'84mpchen; schlampen to dangle, to be slovenly in one's dress.] A
slut; a slatternly woman. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Slander
Slan"der (?), n. [OE. sclandere, OF. esclandre, esclandle, escandre,
F. esclandre, fr. L. scandalum, Gr. skand to spring, leap. See Scan,
and cf. Scandal.]
1. A false tale or report maliciously uttered, tending to injure the
reputation of another; the malicious utterance of defamatory reports;
the dissemination of malicious tales or suggestions to the injury of
another.
Whether we speak evil of a man to his face or behind his back; the
former way, indeed, seems to be the most generous, but yet is a
great fault, and that which we call "reviling;" the latter is more
mean and base, and that which we properly call "slander", or
"Backbiting." Tillotson.
[We] make the careful magistrate The mark of slander. B. Jonson.
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2. Disgrace; reproach; dishonor; opprobrium.
Thou slander of thy mother's heavy womb. Shak.
3. (Law) Formerly, defamation generally, whether oral or written; in
modern usage, defamation by words spoken; utterance of false,
malicious, and defamatory words, tending to the damage and derogation
of another; calumny. See the Note under Defamation. Burril.
Slander
Slan"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slandered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slandering.]
1. To defame; to injure by maliciously uttering a false report; to
tarnish or impair the reputation of by false tales maliciously told or
propagated; to calumniate.
O, do not slander him, for he is kind. Shak.
2. To bring discredit or shame upon by one's acts.
Tax not so bad a voice To slander music any more than once. Shak.
Syn. -- To asperse; defame; calumniate; vilify; malign; belie;
scandalize; reproach. See Asperse.
Slanderer
Slan"der*er (?), n. One who slanders; a defamer; a calumniator. Jer.
Taylor.
Slanderous
Slan"der*ous (?), a.
1. Given or disposed to slander; uttering slander. "Slanderous
tongue." Shak.
2. Embodying or containing slander; calumnious; as, slanderous words,
speeches, or reports. -- Slan"der*ous*ly, adv. -- Slan"der*ous*ness,
n.
Slang
Slang (?), imp. of Sling. Slung. [Archaic]
Slang
Slang, n. Any long, narrow piece of land; a promontory. [Local, Eng.]
Holland.
Slang
Slang, n. [Cf. Sling.] A fetter worn on the leg by a convict. [Eng.]
Slang
Slang, n. [Said to be of Gypsy origin; but probably from Scand., and
akin to E. sling; cf. Norw. sleng a slinging, an invention, device,
slengja to sling, to cast, slengja kjeften (literally, to sling the
jaw) to use abusive language, to use slang, slenjeord (ord = word) an
insulting word, a new word that has no just reason for being.] Low,
vulgar, unauthorized language; a popular but unauthorized word,
phrase, or mode of expression; also, the jargon of some particular
calling or class in society; low popular cant; as, the slang of the
theater, of college, of sailors, etc.
Slang
Slang, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slanged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slanging.] To
address with slang or ribaldry; to insult with vulgar language.
[Colloq.]
Every gentleman abused by a cabman or slanged by a bargee was bound
there and then to take off his coat and challenge him to
fisticuffs. London Spectator.
Slanginess
Slang"i*ness (?), n. Quality of being slangy.
Slangous
Slan"gous (?), a. Slangy. [R.] John Bee.
Slang-whanger
Slang"-whang`er (?), n. [Slang + whang to beat.] One who uses abusive
slang; a ranting partisan. [Colloq. or Humorous] W. Irving.
Slangy
Slang"y (?), a. Of or pertaining to slang; of the nature of slang;
disposed to use slang. [Written also slangey.]
Slank
Slank (?), imp. & p. p. of Slink.
Slant
Slant (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Slanting.]
[OE. slenten to slope, slide; cf. Sw. slinta to slide.] To be turned
or inclined from a right line or level; to lie obliquely; to slope.
On the side of younder slanting hill. Dodsley.
Slant
Slant, v. t. To turn from a direct line; to give an oblique or sloping
direction to; as, to slant a line.
Slant
Slant, n.
1. A slanting direction or plane; a slope; as, it lies on a slant.
2. An oblique reflection or gibe; a sarcastic remark.
Slant or wind, a local variation of the wind from its general
direction.
Slant
Slant, a. [Cf. dial. Sw. slant. See Slant, v. i.] Inclined from a
direct line, whether horizontal or perpendicular; sloping; oblique.
"The slant lightning." Milton.
Slanting
Slant"ing, a. Oblique; sloping. -- Slant"ing*ly, adv.
Slantwise, Slantly
Slant"wise` (?), Slant"ly, adv. In an inclined direction; obliquely;
slopingly.
Slap
Slap (?), n. [OE. slappe; akin to LG. slappe, G. schlappe; probably of
imitative origin.] A blow, esp. one given with the open hand, or with
something broad.
Slap
Slap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slapping.] To
strike with the open hand, or with something broad.
Slap
Slap, adv. [Cf. LG. slap, G. schlapp. See Slap, n.] With a sudden and
violent blow; hence, quickly; instantly; directly. [Colloq.] "The
railroad cars drive slap into the city." Thackeray.
Slapdash
Slap"dash` (?), adv. [Slap + dash.]
1. In a bold, careless manner; at random. [Colloq.]
2. With a slap; all at once; slap. [Colloq.] Prior.
Slapdash
Slap"dash`, v. t. To apply, or apply something to, in a hasty,
careless, or rough manner; to roughcast; as, to slapdash mortar or
paint on a wall, or to slapdash a wall. [Colloq.] Halliwell.
Slape
Slape (?), a. [Icel. sleipr slippery; akin to E. slip.] Slippery;
smooth; crafty; hypocritical. [Prov. Eng.] Slape ale, plain ale, as
opposed to medicated or mixed ale. [Prov. Eng.]
Slapeface
Slape"face` (?), n. A soft-spoken, crafty hypocrite. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Slapjack
Slap"jack` (?), n. A flat batter cake cooked on a griddle; a flapjack;
a griddlecake. [Local, U.S.]
Slapper
Slap"per (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, slaps.
2. Anything monstrous; a whopper. [Slang] Grose.
Slapper, Slapping
Slap"per (?), Slap"ping (?), a. Very large; monstrous; big. [Slang.]
Slash
Slash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slashing.]
[OE. slaschen, of uncertain origin; cf. OF. esclachier to break,
esclechier, esclichier, to break, and E. slate, slice, slit, v. t.]
1. To cut by striking violently and at random; to cut in long slits.
2. To lash; to ply the whip to. [R.] King.
3. To crack or snap, as a whip. [R.] Dr. H. More.
Slash
Slash, v. i. To strike violently and at random, esp. with an edged
instrument; to lay about one indiscriminately with blows; to cut
hastily and carelessly.
Hewing and slashing at their idle shades. Spenser.
Slash
Slash, n.
1. A long cut; a cut made at random.
2. A large slit in the material of any garment, made to show the
lining through the openings.
3. [Cf. Slashy.] pl. Swampy or wet lands overgrown with bushes.
[Local, U.S.] Bartlett.
Slashed
Slashed (?), a.
1. Marked or cut with a slash or slashes; deeply gashed; especially,
having long, narrow openings, as a sleeve or other part of a garment,
to show rich lining or under vesture.
A gray jerkin, with scarlet and slashed sleeves. Sir W. Scott.
2. (Bot.) Divided into many narrow parts or segments by sharp
incisions; laciniate.
Slasher
Slash"er (?), n. (Textile Manuf.) A machine for applying size to warp
yarns.
Slash pine
Slash" pine" (?). (Bot.) A kind of pine tree (Pinus Cubensis) found in
Southern Florida and the West Indies; -- so called because it grows in
"slashes."
Slashy
Slash"y (?), a. [Cf. Sw. slaska to dabble in water. Cf. Slush.] Wet
and dirty; slushy. [Prov. Eng.]
Slat
Slat (?), n. [CF. Slot a bar.] A thin, narrow strip or bar of wood or
metal; as, the slats of a window blind.
Slat
Slat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slatted; p. pr. & vb. n. Slatting.] [OE.
slatten; cf. Icel. sletta to slap, to dab.]
1. To slap; to strike; to beat; to throw down violently. [Prov. Eng. &
Colloq. U.S.]
How did you kill him? Slat[t]ed his brains out. Marston.
2. To split; to crack. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
3. To set on; to incite. See 3d Slate. [Prov. Eng.]
Slatch
Slatch (?), n. [See Slack.] (Naut.) (a) The period of a transitory
breeze. (b) An interval of fair weather. (c) The loose or slack part
of a rope; slack.
Slate
Slate (?), n. [OE. slat, OF. esclat a shiver, splinter, F. \'82clat,
fr. OF. esclater to shiver, to chip, F. \'82clater, fr. OHG. sliezen
to tear, slit, split, fr. sl\'c6zan to slit, G. schleissen. See Slit,
v. t., and cf. Eclat.]
1. (Min.) An argillaceous rock which readily splits into thin plates;
argillite; argillaceous schist.
2. Any rock or stone having a slaty structure.
3. A prepared piece of such stone. Especially: (a) A thin, flat piece,
for roofing or covering houses, etc. (b) A tablet for writing upon.
4. An artificial material, resembling slate, and used for the above
purposes.
5. A thin plate of any material; a flake. [Obs.]
6. (Politics) A list of candidates, prepared for nomination or for
election; a list of candidates, or a programme of action, devised
beforehand. [Cant, U.S.] Bartlett.
Adhesive slate (Min.), a kind of slate of a greenish gray color, which
absorbs water rapidly, and adheres to the tongue; whence the name. --
Aluminous slate, OR Alum slate (Min.), a kind of slate containing
sulphate of alumina, -- used in the manufacture of alum. -- Bituminous
slate (Min.), a soft species of sectile clay slate, impregnated with
bitumen. -- Hornblende slate (Min.), a slaty rock, consisting
essentially of hornblende and feldspar, useful for flagging on account
of its toughness. -- Slate ax OR axe, a mattock with an ax end, used
in shaping slates for roofs, and making holes in them for the nails.
-- Slate clay (Geol.), an indurated clay, forming one of the
alternating beds of the coal measures, consisting of an infusible
compound of alumina and silica, and often used for making fire bricks.
Tomlinson. -- Slate globe, a globe the surface of which is made of an
artificial slatelike material. -- Slate pencil, a pencil of slate, or
of soapstone, used for writing on a slate. -- Slate rocks (Min.),
rocks which split into thin lamin\'91, not necessarily parallel to the
stratification; foliated rocks. -- Slate spar (Min.), a variety of
calcite of silvery white luster and of a slaty structure. --
Transparent slate, a plate of translucent material, as ground glass,
upon which a copy of a picture, placed beneath it, can be made by
tracing.
Slate
Slate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slated; p. pr. & vb. n. Slating.]
1. To cover with slate, or with a substance resembling slate; as, to
slate a roof; to slate a globe.
2. To register (as on a slate and subject to revision), for an
appointment. [Polit. Cant]
Slate
Slate, v. t. [Cf. AS. sl&aemac;ting a privilege of hunting.] To set a
dog upon; to bait; to slat. See 2d Slat, 3. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
[Written also slete.] Ray. <-- 2. To schedule. 3. To reserve or
designate for a specific purpose. -->
Slate-color
Slate"-col`or (?). A dark bluish gray color.
Slate-gray
Slate"-gray` (?), a. Of a dark gray, like slate.
Slater
Slat"er (?), n. One who lays slates, or whose occupation is to slate
buildings.
Slater
Slat"er, n. (Zo\'94l.) Any terrestrial isopod crustacean of the genus
Porcellio and allied genera; a sow bug.
Slating
Slat"ing, n.
1. The act of covering with slate, slates, or a substance resembling
slate; the work of a slater.
2. Slates, collectively; also, material for slating.
Slatt
Slatt (?), n. [See Slat a strip of board.] A slab of stone used as a
veneer for coarse masonry. Knight.
Slatter
Slat"ter (?), v. i. [E. slat to throw or dash about.] To be careless,
negligent, or aswkward, esp. with regard to dress and neatness; to be
wasteful. Ray.
Slattern
Slat"tern (?), n. A woman who is negligent of her dress or house; one
who is not neat and nice.
Slattern
Slat"tern, a. Resembling a slattern; sluttish; slatterny. "The
slattern air." Gay.
Slattern
Slat"tern (?), v. t. To consume carelessly or wastefully; to waste; --
with away. [R.] Chesterfield.
Slatternliness
Slat"tern*li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being slatternly;
slovenliness; untidiness.
Slatternly
Slat"tern*ly, a. Resembling a slattern; sluttish; negligent; dirty. --
adv. In a slatternly manner.
Slatterpouch
Slat"ter*pouch` (?), n. A dance or game played by boys, requiring
active exercise. [Obs.] Gayton.
Slatting
Slat"ting (?), Slats, collectively.
Slatting
Slat"ting, n. The violent shaking or flapping of anything hanging
loose in the wind, as of a sail, when being hauled down.
Slaty
Slat"y (?), a. [From Slate.] Resembling slate; having the nature,
appearance, or properties, of slate; composed of thin parallel plates,
capable of being separated by splitting; as, a slaty color or texture.
Slaty cleavage (Min.), cleavage, as of rocks, into thin leaves or
plates, like those of slate; -- applied especially to those cases in
which the planes of cleavage are not parallel to the planes of
stratification. It is now believed to be caused by the compression
which the strata have undergone. -- Slaty gneiss (Min.), a variety of
gneiss in which the scales of mica or crystals of hornblende, which
are usually minute, form thin lamin\'91, rendering the rock easily
cleavable.
Slaughter
Slaugh"ter (?), n. [OE. slautir, slaughter, slaghter, Icel. sl\'betr
slain flesh, modified by OE. slaught, slaht, slaughter, fr. AS. sleaht
a stroke, blow; both from the root of E. slay. See Slay, v. t., and
cf. Onslaught.] The act of killing. Specifically: (a) The extensive,
violent, bloody, or wanton destruction of life; carnage.
On war and mutual slaughter bent. Milton.
(b) The act of killing cattle or other beasts for market. Syn. --
Carnage; massacre; butchery; murder; havoc.
Slaughter
Slaugh"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slaughtered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slaughtering.]
1. To visit with great destruction of life; to kill; to slay in
battle.
Your castle is surprised; your wife and babes Savagely slaughtered.
Shak.
2. To butcher; to kill for the market, as beasts.
Slaughterer
Slaugh"ter*er (?), n. One who slaughters.
Slaughterhouse
Slaugh"ter*house` (?), n. A house where beasts are butchered for the
market.
Slaughterman
Slaugh"ter*man (?), n.; pl. Slaughtermen (. One employed in
slaughtering. Shak.
Slaughterous
Slaugh"ter*ous (?), a. Destructive; murderous. Shak. M. Arnold. --
Slaugh"ter*ous*ly, adv.
Slav
Slav (?), n.;pl. Slavs (#). [A word originally meaning, intelligible,
and used to contrast the people so called with foreigners who spoke
languages unintelligible to the Slavs; akin to OSlav. slovo a word,
slava fame, Skr. &cced;ru to hear. Cf. Loud.] (Ethnol.) One of a race
of people occupying a large part of Eastern and Northern Europe,
including the Russians, Bulgarians, Roumanians, Servo-Croats,
Slovenes, Poles, Czechs, Wends or Sorbs, Slovaks, etc. [Written also
Slave, and Sclav.]
Slave
Slave (?), n. See Slav.
Slave
Slave (?), n. [Cf. F. esclave, D. slaaf, Dan. slave, sclave, Sw. slaf,
all fr. G. sklave, MHG. also slave, from the national name of the
Slavonians, or Sclavonians (in LL. Slavi or Sclavi), who were
frequently made slaves by the Germans. See Slav.]
1. A person who is held in bondage to another; one who is wholly
subject to the will of another; one who is held as a chattel; one who
has no freedom of action, but whose person and services are wholly
under the control of another.
thou our slave, Our captive, at the public mill our drudge? Milton.
2. One who has lost the power of resistance; one who surrenders
himself to any power whatever; as, a slave to passion, to lust, to
strong drink, to ambition.
3. A drudge; one who labors like a slave.
4. An abject person; a wretch. Shak.
Slave ant (Zo\'94l.), any species of ants which is captured and
enslaved by another species, especially Formica fusca of Europe and
America, which is commonly enslaved by Formica sanguinea. -- Slave
catcher, one who attempted to catch and bring back a fugitive slave to
his master. -- Slave coast, part of the western coast of Africa to
which slaves were brought to be sold to foreigners. -- Slave driver,
one who superintends slaves at their work; hence, figuratively, a
cruel taskmaster. -- Slave hunt. (a) A search after persons in order
to reduce them to slavery. Barth. (b) A search after fugitive slaves,
often conducted with bloodhounds. -- Slave ship, a vessel employed in
the slave trade or used for transporting slaves; a slaver. -- Slave
trade, the busines of dealing in slaves, especially of buying them for
transportation from their homes to be sold elsewhere. -- Slave trader,
one who traffics in slaves. Syn. -- Bond servant; bondman; bondslave;
captive; henchman; vassal; dependent; drudge. See Serf.
Slave
Slave, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slaved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slaving.] To
drudge; to toil; to labor as a slave.
Slave
Slave, v. t. To enslave. Marston.
Slaveborn
Slave"born` (?), a. Born in slavery.
Slaveholder
Slave"hold`er (?), n. One who holds slaves.
Slaveholding
Slave"hold`ing, a. Holding persons in slavery.
Slaveocracy
Slave*oc"ra*cy (?), n. See Slavocracy.
Slaver
Slav"er (?), n.
1. A vessel engaged in the slave trade; a slave ship.
2. A person engaged in the purchase and sale of slaves; a slave
merchant, or slave trader.
The slaver's hand was on the latch, He seemed in haste to go.
Longfellow.
Slaver
Slav"er (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slavered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slavering.] [Cf. Icel. slafra. See Slabber.]
1. To suffer spittle, etc., to run from the mouth.
2. To be besmeared with saliva. Shak.
Slaver
Slav"er, v. t. To smear with saliva issuing from the mouth; to defile
with drivel; to slabber.
Slaver
Slav"er, n. Saliva driveling from the mouth.
Of all mad creatures, if the learned are right, It is the slaver
kills, and not the bite. Pope.
Slaverer
Slav"er*er (?), n. A driveler; an idiot.
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Slavering
Slav"er*ing (?), a. Drooling; defiling with saliva. -- Slav"er*ing*ly,
adv.
Slavery
Slav"er*y (?), n.; pl. Slaveries (#). [See 2d Slave.]
1. The condition of a slave; the state of entire subjection of one
person to the will of another.
Disguise thyself as thou wilt, still, slavery, said I, still thou
art a bitter draught! Sterne.
I wish, from my soul, that the legislature of this state [Virginia]
could see the policy of a gradual abolition of slavery. It might
prevent much future mischief. Washington.
2. A condition of subjection or submission characterized by lack of
freedom of action or of will.
The vulgar slaveries rich men submit to. C. Lever.
There is a slavery that no legislation can abolish, -- the slavery
of caste. G. W. Cable.
3. The holding of slaves. Syn. -- Bondage; servitude; inthrallment;
enslavement; captivity; bond service; vassalage.
Slavey
Slav"ey (?), n. A maidservant. [Colloq. & Jocose Eng.]
Slavic
Slav"ic (?), a. Slavonic. -- n. The group of allied languages spoken
by the Slavs.
Slavish
Slav"ish (?), a. Of or pertaining to slaves; such as becomes or befits
a slave; servile; excessively laborious; as, a slavish life; a slavish
dependance on the great. -- Slav"ish*ly, adv. -- Slav"ish*ness, n.
Slavism
Slav"ism (?), n. The common feeling and interest of the Slavonic race.
Slavocracy
Slav*oc"ra*cy (?), n. [Slave + -cracy, as in democracy.] The persons
or interest formerly representing slavery politically, or wielding
political power for the preservation or advancement of slavery. [U.
S.]
Slavonian, Slavonic
Sla*vo"ni*an (?), Sla*von"ic (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to Slavonia, or its inhabitants.
2. Of or pertaining to the Slavs, or their language.
Slavonian
Sla*vo"ni*an, n. A native or inhabitant of Slavonia; ethnologically, a
Slav.
Slavophil, Slavophile
Slav"o*phil (?), Slav"o*phile (?), n. [Slavic + Gr. One, not being a
Slav, who is interested in the development and prosperity of that
race.
Slaw
Slaw (?), n. [D. sla, contr. fr. salade, OD. salaet, salad. See
Salad.] Sliced cabbage served as a salad, cooked or uncooked.
Slaw, Slawen
Slaw, Slaw"en (?), obs. p. p. of Slee, to slay.
With a sword drawn out he would have slaw himself. Wyclif (Acts
xvi. 27.)
Slay
Slay (?), v. t. [imp. Slew (?); p. p. Slain (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slaying.] [OE. slan, sl, sleen, slee, AS. sle\'a0n to strike, beat,
slay; akin to OFries. sl\'be, D. slaan, OS. & OHG. slahan, G.
schlagen, Icel. sl\'be, Dan. slaae, Sw. sl, Goth. slahan; perhaps akin
to L. lacerare to tear to pieces, Gr. lacerate. Cf. Slaughter, Sledge
a hammer, Sley.] To put to death with a weapon, or by violence; hence,
to kill; to put an end to; to destroy.
With this sword then will I slay you both. Chaucer.
I will slay the last of them with the sword. Amos ix. 1.
I'll slay more gazers than the basilisk. Shak.
Syn. -- To kill; murder; slaughter; butcher.
Slayer
Slay"er (?), n. One who slays; a killer; a murderer; a destrroyer of
life.
Slazy
Sla"zy (?), a. See Sleazy.
Sle
Sle (?), v. t. To slay. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sleave
Sleave (?), n. [Cf. Dan. sl\'94if, a knot loop, Sw. slejf, G. schleife
a knot, silding knot, and E. slip, v.i.] (a) The knotted or entangled
part of silk or thread. (b) Silk not yet twisted; floss; -- called
also sleave silk.
Sleep that knits up the ravell'd sleave of care. Shak.
Sleave
Sleave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sleaved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sleaving.] To
separate, as threads; to divide, as a collection of threads; to sley;
-- a weaver's term.
Sleaved
Sleaved (?), a. Raw; not spun or wrought; as, sleaved thread or silk.
Holinshed.
Sleaziness
Slea"zi*ness (?), n. Quality of being sleazy.
Sleazy
Slea"zy (?), a. [Cf. G. schleissig worn out, threadbare, from
schleissen to slit, split, decay, or E. leasy.] Wanting firmness of
texture or substance; thin; flimsy; as, sleazy silk or muslin. [Spelt
also slazy.]
Sled
Sled (?), n. [Akin to D. slede, G. schlitten, OHG. slito, Icel. sle,
Sw. sl\'84de, Dan. sl, and E. slide, v. See Slide, and cf. Sledge a
vehicle, Sleigh.]
1. A vehicle on runners, used for conveying loads over the snow or
ice; -- in England called sledge.
2. A small, light vehicle with runners, used, mostly by young persons,
for sliding on snow or ice.
Sled
Sled, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sledded; p. pr. & vb. n. Sledding.] To
convey or transport on a sled; as, to sled wood or timber.
Sledding
Sled"ding (?), n.
1. The act of transporting or riding on a sled.
2. The state of the snow which admits of the running of sleds; as, the
sledding is good.
Sledge
Sledge (?), n. [Perhaps from sleds, pl. of sled, confused with sledge
a hammer. See Sled, n.]
1. A strong vehicle with low runners or low wheels; or one without
wheels or runners, made of plank slightly turned up at one end, used
for transporting loads upon the snow, ice, or bare ground; a sled.
2. A hurdle on which, formerly, traitors were drawn to the place of
execution. [Eng.] Sir W. Scott.
3. A sleigh. [Eng.]
4. A game at cards; -- called also old sledge, and all fours. <-- also
called seven-up. See def above. -->
Sledge
Sledge (?), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Sledged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sledging.] To travel or convey in a sledge or sledges. Howitt.
Sledge
Sledge, n. [AS. slecge,from sle\'a0n to strike, beat. See Slay, v. t.]
A large, heavy hammer, usually wielded with both hands; -- called also
sledge hammer.
With his heavy sledge he can it beat. Spenser.
Slee
Slee (?), v. t. [See Slay.] To slay. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sleek
Sleek (?), a. [Compar. Sleeker (?); superl. Sleekest.] [OE. slik; akin
to Icel. sl\'c6kr, and OE. sliken to glide, slide, G. schleichen, OHG.
sl\'c6hhan, D. slik, slijk, mud, slime, and E. slink. Cf. Slick,
Slink.]
1. Having an even, smooth surface; smooth; hence, glossy; as, sleek
hair. Chaucer.
So sleek her skin, so faultless was her make. Dryden.
2. Not rough or harsh.
Those rugged names to our like mouths grow sleek. Milton.
Sleek
Sleek, adv. With ease and dexterity. [Low]
Sleek
Sleek, n. That which makes smooth; varnish. [R.]
Sleek
Sleek, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sleeked (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Sleeking.] To
make even and smooth; to render smooth, soft, and glossy; to smooth
over.
Sleeking her soft alluring locks. Milton.
Gentle, my lord, sleek o'er your rugged looks. Shak.
Sleekly
Sleek"ly, adv. In a sleek manner; smoothly.
Sleekness
Sleek"ness, n. The quality or state of being sleek; smoothness and
glossiness of surface.
Sleeky
Sleek"y (?), a.
1. Of a sleek, or smooth, and glossy appearance. Thomson.
2. Fawning and deceitful; sly. [Scot.]
Sleep
Sleep (?), obs. imp. of Sleep. Slept. Chaucer.
Sleep
Sleep, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slept (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sleeping.] [OE.
slepen, AS. sl; akin to OFries. sl, OS. sl\'bepan, D. slapen, OHG.
sl\'befan, G. schlafen, Goth. sl, and G. schlaff slack, loose, and L.
labi to glide, slide, labare to totter. Cf. Lapse.]
1. To take rest by a suspension of the voluntary exercise of the
powers of the body and mind, and an apathy of the organs of sense; to
slumber. Chaucer.
Watching at the head of these that sleep. Milton.
2. Figuratively: (a) To be careless, inattentive, or uncouncerned; not
to be vigilant; to live thoughtlessly.
We sleep over our happiness. Atterbury.
(b) To be dead; to lie in the grave.
Them also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with him. 1 Thess.
iv. 14.
(c) To be, or appear to be, in repose; to be quiet; to be unemployed,
unused, or unagitated; to rest; to lie dormant; as, a question sleeps
for the present; the law sleeps.
How sweet the moonlight sleep upon this bank! Shak.
Sleep
Sleep, v. t.
1. To be slumbering in; -- followed by a cognate object; as, to sleep
a dreamless sleep. Tennyson.
2. To give sleep to; to furnish with accomodations for sleeping; to
lodge. [R.] Blackw. Mag.
To sleep away, to spend in sleep; as, to sleep away precious time. --
To sleep off, to become free from by sleep; as, to sleep off
drunkeness or fatigue.
Sleep
Sleep, n. [AS. sl; akin to OFries. sl, OS. sl\'bep, D. slaap, OHG.
sl\'bef, G. schlaf, Goth. sl. See Sleep, v. i.] A natural and healthy,
but temporary and periodical, suspension of the functions of the
organs of sense, as well as of those of the voluntary and rational
soul; that state of the animal in which there is a lessened acuteness
of sensory perception, a confusion of ideas, and a loss of mental
control, followed by a more or less unconscious state. "A man that
waketh of his sleep." Chaucer.
O sleep, thou ape of death. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sl eep is attended by a relaxation of the muscles, and
the absence of voluntary activity for any rational objects or
purpose. The pulse is slower, the respiratory movements fewer in
number but more profound, and there is less blood in the cerebral
vessels. It is susceptible of greater or less intensity or
completeness in its control of the powers.
<-- the dreaming portions of sleep occurs periodically, and is
associated with "rapid eye movements" (REM), and in this state the
sleeper is more easily wakened; the dreamiong alternates with a more
profound sleep, from which it is more difficult to awake the sleeper.
--> Sleep of plants (Bot.), a state of plants, usually at night, when
their leaflets approach each other, and the flowers close and droop,
or are covered by the folded leaves. Syn. -- Slumber; repose; rest;
nap; doze; drowse.
Sleep-at-noon
Sleep"-at-noon" (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Tragopogon pratensis) which
closes its flowers at midday; a kind of goat's beard. Dr. Prior.
Sleep-charged
Sleep"-charged` (?), a. Heavy with sleep.
Sleeper
Sleep"er (?), n.
1. One who sleeps; a slumberer; hence, a drone, or lazy person.
2. That which lies dormant, as a law. [Obs.] Bacon.
3. A sleeping car. [Colloq. U.S.]
4. (Zo\'94l.) An animal that hibernates, as the bear.
5. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large fresh-water gobioid fish (Eleotris
dormatrix). (b) A nurse shark. See under Nurse.
Sleeper
Sleep"er, n. [Cf. Norw. sleip a sleeper (a timber), as adj., slippery,
smooth. See Slape.] Something lying in a reclining posture or
position. Specifically: -- (a) One of the pieces of timber, stone, or
iron, on or near the level of the ground, for the support of some
superstructure, to steady framework, to keep in place the rails of a
railway, etc.; a stringpiece. (b) One of the joists, or roughly shaped
timbers, laid directly upon the ground, to receive the flooring of the
ground story. [U.S.] (c) (Naut.) One of the knees which connect the
transoms to the after timbers on the ship's quarter. (d) (Naut.) The
lowest, or bottom, tier of casks.
Sleepful
Sleep"ful (?), a. Strongly inclined to sleep; very sleepy. --
Sleep"ful*ness, n.
Sleepily
Sleep"i*ly (?), adv. In a sleepy manner; drowsily.
Sleepiness
Sleep"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being sleepy.
Sleeping
Sleep"ing, a. & n. from Sleep. Sleeping car, a railway car or
carrriage, arranged with apartments and berths for sleeping. --
Sleeping partner (Com.), a dormant partner. See under Dormant. --
Sleeping table (Mining), a stationary inclined platform on which
pulverized ore is washed; a kind of buddle.
Sleepish
Sleep"ish (?), a. Disposed to sleep; sleepy; drowsy.
Your sleepish, and more than sleepish, security. Ford.
Sleepless
Sleep"less, a.
1. Having no sleep; wakeful.
2. Having no rest; perpetually agitated. "Biscay's sleepless bay."
Byron. -- Sleep"less*ly, adv. -- Sleep"less*ness, n.
Sleepmarken
Sleep"mark`en (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Hag, 4.
Sleepwaker
Sleep"wak`er (?), n. On in a state of magnetic or mesmeric sleep.
Sleepwaking
Sleep"wak`ing, n. The state of one mesmerized, or in a partial and
morbid sleep.
Sleepwalker
Sleep"walk`er (?), n. One who walks in his sleep; a somnambulist.
Sleepwalking
Sleep"walk`ing, n. Walking in one's sleep.
Sleepy
Sleep"y (?), a. [Compar. Sleepier (?); superl. Sleepiest.] [AS. sl.
See Sleep, n.]
1. Drowsy; inclined to, or overcome by, sleep. Shak.
She waked her sleepy crew. Dryden.
2. Tending to induce sleep; soporiferous; somniferous; as, a sleepy
drink or potion. Chaucer.
3. Dull; lazy; heavy; sluggish. Shak.
'Tis not sleepy business; But must be looked to speedily and
strongly. Shak.
4. Characterized by an absence of watchfulness; as, sleepy security.
Sleepy duck (Zo\'94l.), the ruddy duck.
Sleepyhead
Sleep"y*head` (?), n.
1. A sleepy person.
To bed, to bed, says Sleepyhead. Mother Goose.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The ruddy duck.
Sleer
Sle"er (?), n. A slayer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sleet
Sleet (?), n. (Gun.) The part of a mortar extending from the chamber
to the trunnions.
Sleet
Sleet, n. [OE. sleet; akin to MHG. sl, sl hailstone, G. schlosse; of
uncertain origin.] Hail or snow, mingled with rain, usually falling,
or driven by the wind, in fine particles.
Sleet
Sleet, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sleeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sleeting.] To snow
or hail with a mixture of rain.
Sleetch
Sleetch (?), n. [Cf. Slush, Slutch.] Mud or slime, such as that at the
bottom of rivers. [Scot.]
Sleetiness
Sleet"i*ness (?), n. The state of being sleety.
Sleety
Sleet"y (?), a. Of or pertaining to sleet; characterized by sleet; as,
a sleety storm; sleety weather.
Sleeve
Sleeve (?), n. See Sleave, untwisted thread.
Sleeve
Sleeve, n. [OE. sleeve, sleve, AS. sl, sl; akin to sl to put on, to
clothe; cf. OD. sloove the turning up of anything, sloven to turn up
one's sleeves, sleve a sleeve, G. schlaube a husk, pod.]
1. The part of a garment which covers the arm; as, the sleeve of a
coat or a gown. Chaucer.
2. A narrow channel of water. [R.]
The Celtic Sea, called oftentimes the Sleeve. Drayton.
3. (Mach.) (a) A tubular part made to cover, sustain, or steady
another part, or to form a connection between two parts. (b) A long
bushing or thimble, as in the nave of a wheel. (c) A short piece of
pipe used for covering a joint, or forming a joint between the ends of
two other pipes.
Sleeve button, a detachable button to fasten the wristband or cuff. --
Sleeve links, two bars or buttons linked together, and used to fasten
a cuff or wristband. -- To laugh in the sleeve, to laugh privately or
unperceived, especially while apparently preserving a grave or serious
demeanor toward the person or persons laughed at; that is, perhaps,
originally, by hiding the face in the wide sleeves of former times. --
To pin, OR hang, on the sleeve of, to be, or make, dependent upon.
Sleeve
Sleeve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sleeved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sleeving.] To
furnish with sleeves; to put sleeves into; as, to sleeve a coat.
Sleeved
Sleeved (?), a. Having sleeves; furnished with sleeves; -- often in
composition; as, long-sleeved.
Sleevefish
Sleeve"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A squid.
Sleevehand
Sleeve"hand` (?), n. The part of a sleeve nearest the hand; a cuff or
wristband. [Obs.] Shak.
Sleeveless
Sleeve"less, a. [AS. sl.]
1. Having no sleeves.
2. Wanting a cover, pretext, or palliation; unreasonable; profitless;
bootless; useless. [Obs.] Shak.
The vexation of a sleeveless errand. Bp. Warburton.
Sleid
Sleid (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sleided; p. pr. & vb. n. Sleiding.]
[See Sley.] To sley, or prepare for use in the weaver's sley, or
slaie. Shak.
Sleigh
Sleigh (?), a. Sly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sleigh
Sleigh (?), n. [Cf. D. & LG. slede, slee, Icel. sle. See Sled.] A
vehicle moved on runners, and used for transporting persons or goods
on snow or ice; -- in England commonly called a sledge. Sleigh bell, a
small bell attached either to a horse when drawing a slegh, or to the
sleigh itself; especially a globular bell with a loose ball which
plays inside instead of a clapper.
Sleighing
Sleigh"ing, n.
1. The act of riding in a sleigh.
2. The state of the snow or ice which admits of running sleighs.
Sleight
Sleight (?), n. [OE. sleighte, sleihte, sleithe, Icel. sl (for sl)
slyness, cunning, fr. sl (for sl) sly, cunning. See Sly.]
1. Cunning; craft; artful practice. [Obs.] "His sleight and his
covin." Chaucer.
2. An artful trick; sly artifice; a feat so dexterous that the manner
of performance escapes observation.
The world hath many subtle sleights. Latimer.
3. Dexterous practice; dexterity; skill. Chaucer. "The juggler's
sleight." Hudibras.
Sleight of hand, legerdemain; prestidigitation.
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Sleigtful
Sleigt"ful (?), a. Cunning; dexterous. [Obs.]
Sleightly
Sleight"ly (?), adv. Cinningly. [Obs.] Huloet.
Sleighty
Sleight"y (?), a. Cinning; sly. [Obs.] Huloet.
Slender
Slen"der (?), a. [Compar. Slenderer (?); superl. Slenderest.] [OE.
slendre, sclendre, fr. OD. slinder thin, slender, perhaps through a
French form; cf. OD. slinderen, slidderen, to creep; perh. akin to E.
slide.]
1. Small or narrow in proportion to the length or the height; not
thick; slim; as, a slender stem or stalk of a plant. "A slender,
choleric man." Chaucer.
She, as a veil down to the slender waist, Her unadorned golden
tresses wore. Milton.
2. Weak; feeble; not strong; slight; as, slender hope; a slender
constitution.
Mighty hearts are held in slender chains. Pope.
They have inferred much from slender premises. J. H. Newman.
The slender utterance of the consonants. J. Byrne.
3. Moderate; trivial; inconsiderable; slight; as, a man of slender
intelligence.
A slender degree of patience will enable him to enjoy both the
humor and the pathos. Sir W. Scott.
4. Small; inadequate; meager; pitiful; as, slender means of support; a
slender pittance.
Frequent begging makes slender alms. Fuller.
5. Spare; abstemious; frugal; as, a slender diet.
The good Ostorius often deigned To grace my slender table with his
presence. Philips.
6. (Phon.) Uttered with a thin tone; -- the opposite of broad; as, the
slender vowels long e and i. -- Slen"der*ly, adv. -- Slen"der*ness, n.
Slent
Slent (?), n. & v. See Slant. [Obs.]
Slep
Slep (?), obs. imp. of Sleep. Slept. Chaucer.
Slepez
Sle*pez" (?), n. [Russ. sliepets'.] (Zo\'94l.) A burrowing rodent
(Spalax typhlus), native of Russia and Asia Minor. It has the general
appearance of a mole, and is destitute of eyes. Called also mole rat.
Slept
Slept (?), imp. & p. p. of Sleep.
Sleuth
Sleuth (?), n. [Icel. sl&omac;&edh;. See Slot a track.] The track of
man or beast as followed by the scent. [Scot.] Halliwell.
Sleuthhound
Sleuth"hound` (?), n. [See Sleuth, and cf. Slothound.] (Zo\'94l.) A
hound that tracks animals by the scent; specifically, a bloodhound.
[Spelt variously slouthhound, sluthhound, etc.]
Slew
Slew (?), imp. of Slay.
Slew
Slew, v. t. See Slue.
Slewed
Slewed (?), a. Somewhat drunk. [Slang]
Slewth
Slewth (?), n. Sloth; idleness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sley
Sley (?), n. [AS. sl, fr. sle\'a0n to strike. See Slay, v. t.]
1. A weaver's reed. [Spelt also slaie.]
2. A guideway in a knitting machine. Knight.
Sley
Sley, v. t. To separate or part the threads of, and arrange them in a
reed; -- a term used by weavers. See Sleave, and Sleid.
Slibber
Slib"ber (?), a. Slippery. [Obs.] Holland.
Slice
Slice (?), n. [OE. slice, sclice, OF. esclice, from esclicier,
esclichier, to break to pieces, of German origin; cf. OHG. sl\'c6zan
to split, slit, tear, G. schleissen to slit. See Slit, v. t.]
1. A thin, broad piece cut off; as, a slice of bacon; a slice of
cheese; a slice of bread.
2. That which is thin and broad, like a slice. Specifically: (a) A
broad, thin piece of plaster. (b) A salver, platter, or tray. [Obs.]
(c) A knife with a thin, broad blade for taking up or serving fish;
also, a spatula for spreading anything, as paint or ink. (d) A plate
of iron with a handle, forming a kind of chisel, or a spadelike
implement, variously proportioned, and used for various purposes, as
for stripping the planking from a vessel's side, for cutting blubber
from a whale, or for stirring a fire of coals; a slice bar; a peel; a
fire shovel. [Cant] (e) (Shipbuilding) One of the wedges by which the
cradle and the ship are lifted clear of the building blocks to prepare
for launching. (f) (Printing) A removable sliding bottom to galley.
Slice bar, a kind of fire iron resembling a poker, with a broad, flat
end, for stirring a fire of coals, and clearing it and the grate bars
from clinkers, ashes, etc.; a slice.
Slice
Slice, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sliced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slicing (?).]
1. To cut into thin pieces, or to cut off a thin, broad piece from.
2. To cut into parts; to divide.
3. To clear by means of a slice bar, as a fire or the grate bars of a
furnace.
Slicer
Sli"cer (?), n. One who, or that which, slices; specifically, the
circular saw of the lapidary.
Slich, Slick
Slich (?), Slick (?), n. (Metal.) See Schlich.
Slick
Slick (?), a. [See Sleek.] Sleek; smooth. "Both slick and dainty."
Chapman.
Slick
Slick, v. t. To make sleek or smoth. "Slicked all with sweet oil."
Chapman.
Slick
Slick, n. (Joinery) A wide paring chisel.
Slicken
Slick"en (?), a. Sleek; smooth. [Prov. Eng.]
Slickens
Slick"ens (?), n. [Cf. Slick, n.] (Mining) The pulverized matter from
a quartz mill, or the lighter soil of hydraulic mines. [Local, U. S.]
Slickensides
Slick"en*sides` (?), n.
1. The smooth, striated, or partially polished surfaces of a fissure
or seam, supposed to have been produced by the sliding of one surface
on another.
2. A variety of galena found in Derbyshire, England.
Slicker
Slick"er (?), n. That which makes smooth or sleek. Specifically: (a) A
kind of burnisher for leather. (b) (Founding) A curved tool for
smoothing the surfaces of a mold after the withdrawal of the pattern.
Slicker
Slick"er, n. A waterproof coat. [Western U.S.]
Slicking
Slick"ing, n.
1. The act or process of smoothing.
2. pl. (Min.) Narrow veins of ore.
Slickness
Slick"ness, n. The state or quality of being slick; smoothness;
sleekness.
Slid
Slid (?), imp. & p. p. of Slide.
Slidden
Slid"den (?), p. p. of Slide.
Slidder
Slid"der (?), v. t. [AS. sliderian. See Slide, v. t.] To slide with
interruption. [Obs.] Dryden.
Slidder, Slidderly, Sliddery
Slid"der, Slid"der*ly, Slid"der*y (?), a. [AS. slidor. See Slide, v.
t.] Slippery. [Obs.]
To a drunk man the way is slidder. Chaucer.
Slide
Slide (?), v. t. [imp. Slid (?); p. p. Slidden (?), Slid; p. pr. & vb.
n. Slidding (?).] [OE. sliden, AS. sl\'c6dan; akin to MHG. sl\'c6ten,
also to AS. slidor slippery, E. sled, Lith. slidus slippery. Cf.
Sled.]
1. To move along the surface of any body by slipping, or without
walking or rolling; to slip; to glide; as, snow slides down the
mountain's side.
2. Especially, to move over snow or ice with a smooth, uninterrupted
motion, as on a sled moving by the force of gravity, or on the feet.
They bathe in summer, and in winter slide. Waller.
3. To pass inadvertently.
Beware thou slide not by it. Ecclus. xxviii. 26.
4. To pass along smoothly or unobservedly; to move gently onward
without friction or hindrance; as, a ship or boat slides through the
water.
Ages shall slide away without perceiving. Dryden.
Parts answering parts shall slide into a whole. Pope.
5. To slip when walking or standing; to fall.
Their foot shall slide in due time. Deut. xxxii. 35.
6. (Mus.) To pass from one note to another with no perceptible
cassation of sound.
7. To pass out of one's thought as not being of any consequence. [Obs.
or Colloq.]
With good hope let he sorrow slide. Chaucer.
With a calm carelessness letting everything slide. Sir P. Sidney.
Slide
Slide, v. t.
1. To cause to slide; to thrust along; as, to slide one piece of
timber along another.
2. To pass or put imperceptibly; to slip; as, to slide in a word to
vary the sense of a question.
Slide
Slide, n. [AS. sl\'c6de.]
1. The act of sliding; as, a slide on the ice.
2. Smooth, even passage or progress.
A better slide into their business. Bacon.
3. That on which anything moves by sliding. Specifically: (a) An
inclined plane on which heavy bodies slide by the force of gravity,
esp. one constructed on a mountain side for conveying logs by sliding
them down. (b) A surface of ice or snow on which children slide for
amusement.
4. That which operates by sliding. Specifically: (a) A cover which
opens or closes an aperture by sliding over it. (b) (Mach.) A moving
piece which is guided by a part or parts along which it slides. (c) A
clasp or brooch for a belt, or the like.
5. A plate or slip of glass on which is a picture or delineation to be
exhibited by means of a magic lantern, stereopticon, or the like; a
plate on which is an object to be examined with a microscope.
6. The descent of a mass of earth, rock, or snow down a hill or
mountain side; as, a land slide, or a snow slide; also, the track of
bare rock left by a land slide.<-- also mudslide -->
7. (Geol.) A small dislocation in beds of rock along a line of
fissure. Dana.
8. (Mus.) (a) A grace consisting of two or more small notes moving by
conjoint degrees, and leading to a principal note either above or
below. (b) An apparatus in the trumpet and trombone by which the
sounding tube is lengthened and shortened so as to produce the tones
between the fundamental and its harmonics.
9. (Phonetics) A sound which, by a gradual change in the position of
the vocal organs, passes imperceptibly into another sound.
10. (Steam Engine) (a) Same as Guide bar, under Guide. (b) A slide
valve.
Slide box (Steam Engine), a steam chest. See under Steam. -- Slide
lathe, an engine lathe. See under Lathe. -- Slide rail, a transfer
table. See under Transfer. -- Slide rest (Turning lathes), a
contrivance for holding, moving, and guiding, the cutting tool, made
to slide on ways or guides by screws or otherwise, and having compound
motion. -- Slide rule, a mathematical instrument consisting of two
parts, one of which slides upon the other, for the mechanical
performance of addition and subtraction, and, by means of logarithmic
scales, of multiplication and division. -- Slide valve. (a) Any valve
which opens and closes a passageway by sliding over a port. (b) A
particular kind of sliding valve, often used in steam engines for
admitting steam to the piston and releasing it, alternately, having a
cuplike cavity in its face, through which the exhaust steam passes. It
is situated in the steam chest, and moved by the valve gear. It is
sometimes called a D valve, -- a name which is also applied to a
semicylindrical pipe used as a sliding valve. <-- illustration of a
slide valve --> In the illustration, a is the cylinder of a steam
engine, in which plays the piston p; b the steam chest, receiving its
supply from the pipe i, and containing the slide valve s, which is
shown as admitting steam to one end of the cylinder through the port
e, and opening communication between the exhaust passage f and the
port c, for the release of steam from the opposite end of the
cylinder.
Slidegroat
Slide"groat (?), n. The game of shovelboard. [Obs.]
Slider
Slid"er (?), a. See Slidder. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Slider
Slid"er, n.
1. One who, or that which, slides; especially, a sliding part of an
instrument or machine.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The red-bellied terrapin (Pseudemys rugosa). [Local, U.
S. ]
Slider pump, a form of rotary pump.
Sliding
Slid"ing (?), a.
1. That slides or slips; gliding; moving smoothly.
2. Slippery; elusory. [Obs.]
That sliding science hath me made so bare. Chaucer.
Sliding friction (Mech.), the resistance one body meets with in
sliding along the surface of another, as distinguished from rolling
friction. -- Sliding gunter (Naut.), a topmast arranged with metallic
fittings so as to be hoisted and lowered by means of halyards. --
Sliding keel (Naut), a movable keel, similar to a centeboard. --
Sliding pair. (Mech.) See the Note under Pair, n., 7. -- Sliding rule.
Same as Slide rule, under Slide, n. -- Sliding scale. (a) A scale for
raising or lowering imposts in proportion to the fall or rise of
prices. (b) A variable scale of wages or of prices. (c) A slide rule.
-- Sliding ways (Naut.), the timber guides used in launching a vessel.
Slidometer
Sli*dom"e*ter (?), n. [Slide + -meter.] An instrument for indicating
and recording shocks to railway cars occasioned by sudden stopping.
Slight
Slight (?), n. Sleight. Spenser.
Slight
Slight, v. t. [Cf. D. slechten to level, to demolish.]
1. To overthrow; to demolish. [Obs.] Clarendon.
2. To make even or level. [Obs.] Hexham.
3. To throw heedlessly. [Obs.]
The rogue slighted me into the river. Shak.
Slight
Slight (?), a. [Compar. Slighter (?); superl. Slightest.] [OE. sli,
sleght, probably from OD. slicht, slecht, simple, plain, D. slecht;
akin to OFries. sliucht, G. schlecht, schlicht, OHG. sleht smooth,
simple, Icel. sl smooth, Sw. sl\'84t, Goth. sla\'a1hts; or uncertain
origin.]
1. Not decidedly marked; not forcible; inconsiderable; unimportant;
insignificant; not severe; weak; gentle; -- applied in a great variety
of circumstances; as, a slight (i. e., feeble) effort; a slight (i.
e., perishable) structure; a slight (i. e., not deep) impression; a
slight (i. e., not convincing) argument; a slight (i. e., not
thorough) examination; slight (i. e., not severe) pain, and the like.
"At one slight bound." Milton.
Slight is the subject, but not so the praise. Pope.
Some firmly embrace doctrines upon slight grounds. Locke.
2. Not stout or heavy; slender.
His own figure, which was formerly so slight. Sir W. Scott.
3. Foolish; silly; weak in intellect. Hudibras.
Slight
Slight, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Slighting.] To
disregard, as of little value and unworthy of notice; to make light
of; as, to slight the divine commands. Milton.
The wretch who slights the bounty of the skies. Cowper.
To slight off, to treat slightingly; to drive off; to remove. [R.] --
To slight over, to run over in haste; to perform superficially; to
treat carelessly; as, to slight over a theme. "They will but slight it
over." Bacon. Syn. -- To neglect; disregard; disdain; scorn. --
Slight, Neglect. To slight is stronger than to neglect. We may neglect
a duty or person from inconsiderateness, or from being over-occupied
in other concerns. To slight is always a positive and intentional act,
resulting from feelings of dislike or contempt. We ought to put a kind
construction on what appears neglect on the part of a friend; but when
he slights us, it is obvious that he is our friend no longer.
Beware . . . lest the like befall . . . If they transgress and
slight that sole command. Milton.
This my long-sufferance, and my day of grace, Those who neglect and
scorn shall never taste. Milton.
Slight
Slight, n. The act of slighting; the manifestation of a moderate
degree of contempt, as by neglect or oversight; neglect; indignity.
Syn. -- Neglect; disregard; inattention; contempt; disdain; scorn;
disgrace; indignity; disparagement.
Slight
Slight, adv. Slightly. [Obs. or Poetic]
Think not so slight of glory. Milton.
Slighten
Slight"en (?), v. t. To slight. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Slighter
Slight"er (?), n. One who slights.
Slightful
Slight"ful (?), a. See Sleightful. [Obs.]
Slighting
Slight"ing, a. Characterized by neglect or disregard.
Slightingly
Slight"ing*ly, adv. In a slighting manner.
Slightly
Slight"ly, adv.
1. In a slight manner.
2. Slightingly; negligently. [Obs.] Shak.
Slightness
Slight"ness, n. The quality or state of being slight; slenderness;
feebleness; superficiality; also, formerly, negligence; indifference;
disregard.
Slighty
Slight"y (?), a. Slight. [Obs.] Echard.
Slik
Slik (?), a. [See Such.] Such. [Obs. or Scot.]
NOTE: &hand; Used by Chaucer as of the Northern dialect.
Silkensides
Silk"en*sides`, n. Same as Slickensides.
Slily
Sli"ly (?), adv. See Slyly. South.
Slim
Slim (?), a. [Compar. Slimmer (?); superl. Slimmest.] [Formerly, bad,
worthless, weak, slight, awry, fr. D. slim; akin to G. schlimm, MHG.
slimp oblique, awry; of uncertain origin. The meaning of the English
word seems to have been influenced by slender.]
1. Worthless; bad. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
2. Weak; slight; unsubstantial; poor; as, a slim argument. "That was a
slim excuse." Barrow.
3. Of small diameter or thickness in proportion to the height or
length; slender; as, a slim person; a slim tree. Grose.
Slime
Slime (?), n. [OE. slim, AS. sl\'c6m; akin to D. slijm, G. schleim,
MHG. sl\'c6men to make smooth, Icel. sl\'c6m slime, Dan. sliim; cf. L.
limare to file, polish, levis smooth, Gr. limus mud.]
1. Soft, moist earth or clay, having an adhesive quality; viscous mud.
As it [Nilus] ebbs, the seedsman Upon the slime and ooze scatters
his grain. Shak.
2. Any mucilaginous substance; any substance of a dirty nature, that
is moist, soft, and adhesive.
3. (Script.) Bitumen. [Archaic]
Slime had they for mortar. Gen. xi. 3.
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Page 1355
4. pl. (Mining) Mud containing metallic ore, obtained in the
preparatory dressing. Pryce.
5. (Physiol.) A mucuslike substance which exudes from the bodies of
certain animals. Goldsmith.
Slime eel. (Zo\'94l.) See 1st Hag, 4. -- Slime pit, a pit for the
collection of slime or bitumen.
Slime
Slime (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sliming.]
To smear with slime. Tennyson.
Slimily
Slim"i*ly (?), adv. In a slimy manner.
Sliminess
Slim"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being slimy.
Slimly
Slim"ly (?), adv. In a state of slimness; in a slim manner; slenderly.
Slimness
Slim"ness, n. The quality or state of being slim.
Slimsy
Slim"sy (?), a. Flimsy; frail. [Colloq. U.S.]
Slimy
Slim"y (?), a. [Compar. Slimier (?); superl. Slimiest.] Of or
pertaining to slime; resembling slime; of the nature of slime;
viscous; glutinous; also, covered or daubed with slime; yielding, or
abounding in, slime.
Slimy things did crawl with legs Upon the slimy sea. Coleridge.
Sliness
Sli"ness (?), n. See Slyness.
Sling
Sling (?), n. [OE. slinge; akin to OD. slinge, D. slinger, OHG.
slinga; cf. OF. eslingue, of German origin. See Sling, v. t.]
1. An instrument for throwing stones or other missiles, consisting of
a short strap with two strings fastened to its ends, or with a string
fastened to one end and a light stick to the other. The missile being
lodged in a hole in the strap, the ends of the string are taken in the
hand, and the whole whirled rapidly round until, by loosing one end,
the missile is let fly with centrifugal force.
2. The act or motion of hurling as with a sling; a throw;
figuratively, a stroke.
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune. Shak.
At one sling Of thy victorius arm, well-pleasing Son. Milton.
3. A contrivance for sustaining anything by suspension; as: (a) A kind
of hanging bandage put around the neck, in which a wounded arm or hand
is supported. (b) A loop of rope, or a rope or chain with hooks, for
suspending a barrel, bale, or other heavy object, in hoisting or
lowering. (c) A strap attached to a firearm, for suspending it from
the shoulder. (d) (Naut.) A band of rope or iron for securing a yard
to a mast; -- chiefly in the plural.
Sling cart, a kind of cart used to transport cannon and their
carriages, large stones, machines, etc., the objects transported being
slung, or suspended by a chain attached to the axletree. -- Sling dog,
one of a pair of iron hooks used as part of a sling. See def. 3 (b)
above.
Sling
Sling, v. t. [imp. Slung (?), Archaic Slang (; p. p. Slung; p. pr. &
vb. n. Slinging.] [AS. slingan; akin to D. slingeren, G. schlingen, to
wind, to twist, to creep, OHG. slingan to wind, to twist, to move to
and fro, Icel. slyngva, sl\'94ngva, to sling, Sw. slunga, Dan. slynge,
Lith. slinkti to creep.]
1. To throw with a sling. "Every one could sling stones at an
hairbreadth, and not miss." Judg. xx. 16.
2. To throw; to hurl; to cast. Addison.
3. To hang so as to swing; as, to sling a pack.
4. (Naut) To pass a rope round, as a cask, gun, etc., preparatory to
attaching a hoisting or lowering tackle.
Sling
Sling, n. [Cf. G. schlingen to swallow.] A drink composed of spirit
(usually gin) and water sweetened. <-- as, a Singapore sling. -->
Slinger
Sling"er (?), n. One who slings, or uses a sling.
Slink
Slink (?), v. t. [imp. Slunk (?), Archaic Slank (; p. p. Slunk; p. pr.
& vb. n. Slinking.] [AS. slincan; probably akin to G. schleichen, E.
sleek. See Sleek, a.]
1. To creep away meanly; to steal away; to sneak. "To slink away and
hide." Tale of Beryn.
Back to the thicket slunk The guilty serpent. Milton.
There were some few who slank obliquely from them as they passed.
Landor.
2. To miscarry; -- said of female beasts.
Slink
Slink, v. t. To cast prematurely; -- said of female beasts; as, a cow
that slinks her calf.
Slink
Slink, a.
1. Produced prematurely; as, a slink calf.
2. Thin; lean. [Scot.]
Slink
Slink, n.
1. The young of a beast brought forth prematurely, esp. a calf brought
forth before its time.
2. A thievish fellow; a sneak. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Slinky
Slink"y (?), a. Thin; lank. [Prov. Eng. & U. S.]
Slip
Slip (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slipping.]
[OE. slippen; akin to LG. & D. slippen, MHG. slipfen (cf. Dan. slippe,
Sw. slippa, Icel. sleppa), and fr. OE. slipen, AS. sl\'c6pan (in
comp.), akin to G. schleifen to slide, glide, drag, whet, OHG.
sl\'c6fan to slide, glide, make smooth, Icel. sl\'c6pa to whet; cf.
also AS. sl, Goth. sliupan, OS. slopian, OHG. sliofan, G. schliefen,
schl, which seem to come from a somewhat different root form. Cf.
Slope, n.]
1. To move along the surface of a thing without bounding, rolling, or
stepping; to slide; to glide.
2. To slide; to lose one's footing or one's hold; not to tread firmly;
as, it is necessary to walk carefully lest the foot should slip.
3. To move or fly (out of place); to shoot; -- often with out, off,
etc.; as, a bone may slip out of its place.
4. To depart, withdraw, enter, appear, intrude, or escape as if by
sliding; to go or come in a quiet, furtive manner; as, some errors
slipped into the work.
Thus one tradesman slips away, To give his partner fairer play.
Prior.
Thrice the flitting shadow slipped away. Dryden.
5. To err; to fall into error or fault.
There is one that slippeth in his speech, but not from his heart.
Ecclus. xix. 16.
To let slip, to loose from the slip or noose, as a hound; to allow to
escape.
Cry, "Havoc," and let slip the dogs of war. Shak.
Slip
Slip (?), v. t.
1. To cause to move smoothly and quickly; to slide; to convey gently
or secretly.
He tried to slip a powder into her drink. Arbuthnot.
2. To omit; to loose by negligence.
And slip no advantage That my secure you. B. Jonson.
3. To cut slips from; to cut; to take off; to make a slip or slips of;
as, to slip a piece of cloth or paper.
The branches also may be slipped and planted. Mortimer.
4. To let loose in pursuit of game, as a greyhound.
Lucento slipped me like his greyhound. Shak.
5. To cause to slip or slide off, or out of place; as, a horse slips
his bridle; a dog slips his collar.
6. To bring forth (young) prematurely; to slink.
To slip a cable. (Naut.) See under Cable. -- To slip off, to take off
quickly; as, to slip off a coat. -- To slip on, to put on in haste or
loosely; as, to slip on a gown or coat.
Slip
Slip, n. [AS. slipe, slip.]
1. The act of slipping; as, a slip on the ice.
2. An unintentional error or fault; a false step.
This good man's slip mended his pace to martyrdom. Fuller.
3. A twig separated from the main stock; a cutting; a scion; hence, a
descendant; as, a slip from a vine.
A native slip to us from foreign seeds. Shak.
The girlish slip of a Sicilian bride. R. Browning.
4. A slender piece; a strip; as, a slip of paper.
Moonlit slips of silver cloud. Tennyson.
A thin slip of a girl, like a new moon Sure to be rounded into
beauty soon. Longfellow.
5. A leash or string by which a dog is held; -- so called from its
being made in such a manner as to slip, or become loose, by relaxation
of the hand.
We stalked over the extensive plains with Killbuck and Lena in the
slips, in search of deer. Sir S. Baker.
6. An escape; a secret or unexpected desertion; as, to give one the
slip. Shak.
7. (Print.) A portion of the columns of a newspaper or other work
struck off by itself; a proof from a column of type when set up and in
the galley.
8. Any covering easily slipped on. Specifically: (a) A loose garment
worn by a woman. (b) A child's pinafore. (c) An outside covering or
case; as, a pillow slip. (d) The slip or sheath of a sword, and the
like. [R.]
9. A counterfeit piece of money, being brass covered with silver.
[Obs.] Shak
10. Matter found in troughs of grindstones after the grinding of edge
tools. [Prov. Eng.] Sir W. Petty.
11. Potter's clay in a very liquid state, used for the decoration of
ceramic ware, and also as a cement for handless and other applied
parts.
12. A particular quantity of yarn. [Prov. Eng.]
13. An inclined plane on which a vessel is built, or upon which it is
hauled for repair.
14. An opening or space for vessels to lie in, between wharves or in a
dock; as, Peck slip. [U. S.]
15. A narrow passage between buildings. [Eng.]
16. A long seat or narrow pew in churches, often without a door. [U.
S.]
17. (Mining.) A dislocation of a lead, destroying continuity. Knight.
18. (Engin.) The motion of the center of resistance of the float of a
paddle wheel, or the blade of an oar, through the water horozontally,
or the difference between a vessel's actual speed and the speed which
she would have if the propelling instrument acted upon a solid; also,
the velocity, relatively to still water, of the backward current of
water produced by the propeller.
19. (Zo\'94l.) A fish, the sole.
20. (Cricket) A fielder stationed on the off side and to the rear of
the batsman. There are usually two of them, called respectively short
slip, and long slip. <-- 21. A slip dock (see below) -->
To give one the slip, to slip away from one; to elude one. -- Slip
dock. See under Dock. -- Slip link (Mach.), a connecting link so
arranged as to allow some play of the parts, to avoid concussion. --
Slip rope (Naut.), a rope by which a cable is secured preparatory to
slipping. Totten. -- Slip stopper (Naut.), an arrangement for letting
go the anchor suddenly.
Slipboard
Slip"board` (?), n. A board sliding in grooves.
Slipcoat cheese
Slip"coat` cheese" (?). A rich variety of new cheese, resembling
butter, but white. Halliwell.
Slipes
Slipes (?), n. pl. [Cf. Slip, v.] Sledge runners on which a skip is
dragged in a mine.
Slipknot
Slip"knot` (?), n. knot which slips along the rope or line around
which it is made.
Slip-on
Slip"-on` (?), n. A kind of overcoat worn upon the shoulders in the
manner of a cloak. [Scot.]
Slippage
Slip"page (?), n. The act of slipping; also, the amount of slipping.
Slipper
Slip"per (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, slips.
2. A kind of light shoe, which may be slipped on with ease, and worn
in undress; a slipshoe.
3. A kind of apron or pinafore for children.
4. A kind of brake or shoe for a wagon wheel.
5. (Mach.) A piece, usually a plate, applied to a sliding piece, to
receive wear and afford a means of adjustment; -- also called shoe,
and gib.
Slipper animalcule (Zo\'94l.), a ciliated infusorian of the genus
Paramecium. -- Slipper flower.(Bot.) Slipperwort. -- Slipper limpet,
OR Slipper shell (Zo\'94l.), a boat shell.
Slipper
Slip"per, a. [AS. slipur.] Slippery. [Obs.]
O! trustless state of earthly things, and slipper hope Of mortal
men. Spenser.
Slippered
Slip"pered (?), a. Wearing slippers. Shak.
Slipperily
Slip"per*i*ly (?), adv. In a slippery manner.
Slipperiness
Slip"per*i*ness, n. The quality of being slippery.
Slipperness
Slip"per*ness, n. Slipperiness. [Obs.]
Slipperwort
Slip"per*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) See Calceolaria.
Slippery
Slip"per*y (?), a. [See Slipper, a.]
1. Having the quality opposite to adhesiveness; allowing or causing
anything to slip or move smoothly, rapidly, and easily upon the
surface; smooth; glib; as, oily substances render things slippery.
2. Not affording firm ground for confidence; as, a slippery promise.
The slippery tops of human state. Cowley.
3. Not easily held; liable or apt to slip away.
The slippery god will try to loose his hold. Dryden.
4. Liable to slip; not standing firm. Shak.
5. Unstable; changeable; mutable; uncertain; inconstant; fickle. "The
slippery state of kings." Denham.
6. Uncertain in effect. L'Estrange.
7. Wanton; unchaste; loose in morals. Shak.
Slippery elm. (Bot.) (a) An American tree (Ulmus fulva) with a
mucilagenous and slightly aromatic inner bark which is sometimes used
medicinally; also, the inner bark itself. (b) A malvaceous shrub
(Fremontia Californica); -- so called on the Pacific coast.
Slippiness
Slip"pi*ness (?), n. Slipperiness. [R.] "The slippiness of the way."
Sir W. Scott.
Slippy
Slip"py (?), a. [AS. slipeg.] Slippery.
Slipshod
Slip"shod` (?), a.
1. Wearing shoes or slippers down at the heel.
The shivering urchin bending as he goes, With slipshod heels.
Cowper.
2. Figuratively: Careless in dress, manners, style, etc.; slovenly;
shuffling; as, slipshod manners; a slipshod or loose style of writing.
Thy wit shall ne'er go slipshod. Shak.
Slipshoe
Slip"shoe` (?), n. A slipper. Halliwell.
Slipskin
Slip"skin` (?), a. Evasive. [Obs.] Milton.
Slipslop
Slip"slop` (?), n. [A reduplication of slop.] Weak, poor, or flat
liquor; weak, profitless discourse or writing.
Slipstring
Slip"string` (?), n. One who has shaken off restraint; a prodigal.
[Obs.] Cotgrave.
Slipthrift
Slip"thrift` (?), n. A spendthrift. [Obs.]
Slish
Slish (?), n. [A corruption of slash.] A cut; as, slish and slash.
[Colloq.] Shak.
Slit
Slit (?), obs. 3d. pers. sing. pres. of Slide. Chaucer.
Slit
Slit (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slit or Slitted (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Slitting.] [OE. slitten, fr. sliten, AS. st\'c6tan to tear; akin to D.
slijten to wear out, G. schleissen to slit, split, OHG. sl\'c6zan to
split, tear, wear out, Icel. st\'c6ta to break, tear, wear out, Sw.
slita, Dan. slide. Cf. Eclat, Slate, n., Slice.]
1. To cut lengthwise; to cut into long pieces or strips; as, to slit
iron bars into nail rods; to slit leather into straps.
2. To cut or make a long fissure in or upon; as, to slit the ear or
the nose.
3. To cut; to sever; to divide. [Obs.]
And slits the thin-spun life. Milton.
Slit
Slit, n. [AS. slite.] A long cut; a narrow opening; as, a slit in the
ear. Gill slit. (Anat.) See Gill opening, under Gill.
Slither
Slith"er (?), v. i. [Cf. G. schlittern, LG. schliddern. See Slide.] To
slide; to glide. [Prov. Eng.]
Slit-shell
Slit"-shell" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Pleurotomaria, a genus
of beautiful, pearly, spiral gastropod shells having a deep slit in
the outer lip. Many fossil species are known, and a few living ones
are found in deep water in tropical seas.
Slitter
Slit"ter (?), n. One who, or that which, slits.
Slitting
Slit"ting (?), a. & n. from Slit. Slitting file. See Illust. (i) of
File. -- Slitting mill. (a) A mill where iron bars or plates are slit
into narrow strips, as nail rods, and the like. (b) A machine used by
lapidaries for slicing stones, usually by means of a revolving disk,
called a slicer, supplied with diamond powder. -- Slitting roller, one
of a pair of rollers furnished with ribs entering between similar ribs
in the other roller, and cutting like shears, -- used in slitting
metals.
Slive
Slive (?), v. i. [Cf. Slip.] To sneak. [Prov. Eng.]
Slive
Slive, v. t. [OE. sliven to split, cleave, AS. sl\'c6fan.] To cut; to
split; to separate. [Obs.] Holland.
Sliver
Sliv"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slivered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slivering.] [See Slive, v. t.] To cut or divide into long, thin
pieces, or into very small pieces; to cut or rend lengthwise; to slit;
as, to sliver wood. Shak.
They 'll sliver thee like a turnip. Sir W. Scott.
Sliver
Sliv"er, n.
1. A long piece cut ot rent off; a sharp, slender fragment; a
splinter.
2. A strand, or slender roll, of cotton or other fiber in a loose,
untwisted state, produced by a carding machine and ready for the
roving or slubbing which preceeds spinning.
3. pl. Bait made of pieces of small fish. Cf. Kibblings. [Local, U.S.]
Bartlett.
Sloakan
Sloak"an (?), n. (Bot.) A species of seaweed. [Spelled also slowcawn.]
See 3d Laver.
Sloam
Sloam (?), n. (Mining) A layer of earth between coal seams.
Sloat
Sloat (?), n. [See Slot a bar.] A narrow piece of timber which holds
together large pieces; a slat; as, the sloats of a cart.
Slobber
Slob"ber (?), v. t. & i. See Slabber.
Slobber
Slob"ber, n.
1. See Slabber.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A jellyfish. [Prov. Eng.]
3. pl. (Vet.) Salivation.
Slobberer
Slob"ber*er (?), n.
1. One who slobbers.
2. A slovenly farmer; a jobbing tailor. [Prov. Eng.]
Slobbery
Slob"ber*y (?), a. Wet; sloppy, as land. Shak.
Slock, Slocken
Slock (?), Slock"en (?), v. t. To quench; to allay; to slake. See
Slake. [Obs. or Scot.]
Slocking
Slock"ing, a. & n. from Slock. Slocking stone, a rich piece of ore
displayed in order to tempt persons to embark in a mining enterprise.
Sloe
Sloe (?), n. [OE. slo, AS. sl\'be; akin to D. slee, G. schlehe, OHG.
sl$ha, Dan. slaaen, Sw. sl, perhaps originally, that which blunts the
teeth, or sets them on edge (cf. Slow); cf. Lith. sliwa a plum, Russ.
sliva.] (Bot.) A small, bitter, wild European plum, the fruit of the
blackthorn (Prunus spinosa); also, the tree itself.
Slogan
Slo"gan (?), n. [Gael. sluagh-ghairm, i.e., an army cry; sluagh army +
gairm a call, calling.] The war cry, or gathering word, of a Highland
clan in Scotland; hence, any rallying cry. Sir W. Scott.
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Sloggy
Slog"gy (?), a. Sluggish. [Obs.]
Somnolence that is sloggy slumbering Chaucer.
Sloke
Sloke (?), n. (Bot.) See Sloakan.
Sloo, OR Slue
Sloo (?), OR Slue (?), n. A slough; a run or wet place. See 2d Slough,
2.
Sloom
Sloom (?), n. Slumber. [Prov. Eng.]
Sloomy
Sloom"y (?), a. Sluggish; slow. [Prov. Eng.]
Sloop
Sloop (?), n.[D. sloep, of uncertain origin. Cf. Shallop.] (Naut.) A
vessel having one mast and fore-and-aft rig, consisting of a
boom-and-gaff mainsail, jibs, staysail, and gaff topsail. The typical
sloop has a fixed bowsprit, topmast, and standing rigging, while those
of a cutter are capable of being readily shifted. The sloop usually
carries a centerboard, and depends for stability upon breadth of beam
rather than depth of keel. The two types have rapidly approximated
since 1880. One radical distinction is that a slop may carry a
centerboard. See Cutter, and Illustration in Appendix. Sloop of war,
formerly, a vessel of war rigged either as a ship, brig, or schooner,
and mounting from ten to thirty-two guns; now, any war vessel larger
than a gunboat, and carrying guns on one deck only.
Slop
Slop (?), n. [OE. sloppe a pool; akin to As. sloppe, slyppe, the
sloppy droppings of a cow; cf. AS. sl to slip, and E. slip, v.i. Cf.
Cowslip.]
1. Water or other liquid carelessly spilled or thrown aboyt, as upon a
table or a floor; a puddle; a soiled spot.
2. Mean and weak drink or liquid food; -- usually in the plural.
3. pl. Dirty water; water in which anything has been washed or rinsed;
water from wash-bowls, etc.
Slop basin, OR Slop bowl, a basin or bowl for holding slops,
especially for receiving the rinsings of tea or coffee cups at the
table. -- Slop molding (Brickmaking), a process of manufacture in
which the brick is carried to the drying ground in a wet mold instead
of on a pallet.
Slop
Slop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slopping.]
1. To cause to overflow, as a liquid, by the motion of the vessel
containing it; to spill.
2. To spill liquid upon; to soil with a liquid spilled.
Slop
Slop, v. i. To overflow or be spilled as a liquid, by the motion of
the vessel containing it; -- often with over.
Slop
Slop, n. [AS. slop a frock or over-garment, fr. sl to slip, to slide;
akin to Icel sloppr a thin garment; cf. OHG. slouf a garment. Cf.
Slip, v. i.]
1. Any kind of outer garment made of linen or cotton, as a night
dress, or a smock frock. [Obs.] Halliwell.
2. A loose lower garment; loose breeches; chiefly used in the plural.
"A pair of slops." Sir P. Sidney.
There's a French salutation to your French slop. Shak.
3. pl. Ready-made clothes; also, among seamen, clothing, bedding, and
other furnishings.
Slope
Slope (?), n. [Formed (like abode fr. abide) from OE. slipen. See
Slip, v. i.]
1. An oblique direction; a line or direction including from a
horizontal line or direction; also, sometimes, an inclination, as of
one line or surface to another.
2. Any ground whose surface forms an angle with the plane of the
horizon.
buildings the summit and slope of a hill. Macaulay.
Under the slopes of Pisgah. Deut. iv. 49. (Rev. Ver.).
NOTE: &hand; A sl ope, co nsidered as descending, is a declivity;
considered as ascending, an acclivity.
Slope of a plane (Geom.), the direction of the plane; as, parallel
planes have the same slope.
Slope
Slope, a. Sloping. "Down the slope hills." Milton.
A bank not steep, but gently slope. Bacon.
Slope
Slope, adv. In a sloping manner. [Obs.] Milton.
Slope
Slope, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sloping.] To
form with a slope; to give an oblique or slanting direction to; to
direct obliquely; to incline; to slant; as, to slope the ground in a
garden; to slope a piece of cloth in cutting a garment.
Slope
Slope, v. i.
1. To take an oblique direction; to be at an angle with the plane of
the horizon; to incline; as, the ground slopes.
2. To depart; to disappear suddenly. [Slang]
Slopeness
Slope"ness, n. State of being slope. Sir H. Wotton.
Slopewise
Slope"wise` (?), adv. Obliquely. [Obs.] Carew.
Sloping
Slop"ing, a. Inclining or inclined from the plane of the horizon, or
from a horizontal or other right line; oblique; declivous; slanting.
-- Slop"ing*ly, adv.
The sloping land recedes into the clouds. Cowper.
Sloppiness
Slop"pi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sloppy; muddiness.
Sloppy
Slop"py (?), a. [Compar. Sloppier (?); superl. Sloppiest.] [From
Slop.] Wet, so as to spatter easily; wet, as with something slopped
over; muddy; plashy; as, a sloppy place, walk, road.
Slopseller
Slop"sell`er (?), n. One who sells slops, or ready-made clothes. See
4th Slop, 3.
Slopshop
Slop"shop` (?), n. A shop where slops. or ready-made clothes, are
sold.
Slopwork
Slop"work` (?), n. The manufacture of slops, or cheap ready-made
clothing; also, such clothing; hence, hasty, slovenly work of any
kind.
No slopwork ever dropped from his [Carlyle's] pen. Froude.
Slopy
Slop"y (?), a. Sloping; inclined.
Slosh, Sloshy
Slosh (?), Slosh"y (?). See Slush, Slushy.
Slot
Slot (?), n. [LG. & D. slot a lock, from a verb meaning to close., to
shut, D. sluiten; akin to G. schliessen, OHG. sliozan, OFries. sl, and
probably to L. claudere. Cf. Close, Sluice.]
1. A broad, flat, wooden bar; a slat or sloat.
2. A bolt or bar for fastening a door. [Prov. Eng.]
3. A narrow depression, perforation, or aperture; esp., one for the
reception of a piece fitting or sliding in it.
Slot
Slot (?), v. t. [See Slot a bar.] To shut with violence; to slam; as,
to slot a door. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Slot
Slot, n. [Cf. Icel. sl, and E. sleuth.] The track of a deer; hence, a
track of any kind. Milton.
As a bloodhound follows the slot of a hurt deer. Sir W. Scott.
Sloth
Sloth (?), n. [OE. slouthe, sleuthe, AS. sl, fr. sl\'bew slow. See
Slow.]
1. Slowness; tardiness.
These cardinals trifle with me; I abhor This dilatory sloth and
tricks of Rome. Shak.
2. Disinclination to action or labor; sluggishness; laziness;
idleness.
[They] change their course to pleasure, ease, and sloth. Milton.
Sloth, like rust, consumes faster than labor wears. Franklin.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of arboreal edentates
constituting the family Bradypodid\'91, and the suborder Tardigrada.
They have long exserted limbs and long prehensile claws. Both jaws are
furnished with teeth (see Illust. of Edentata), and the ears and tail
are rudimentary. They inhabit South and Central America and Mexico.
NOTE: &hand; Th e th ree-toed sl oths belong to the genera Bradypus
and Arctopithecus, of which several species have been described.
They have three toes on each foot. The best-known species are
collared sloth (Bradypus tridactylus), and the ai (Arctopitheus
ai). The two-toed sloths, consisting the genus Cholopus, have two
toes on each fore foot and three on each hind foot. The best-known
is the unau (Cholopus didactylus) of South America. See Unau.
Another species (C. Hoffmanni) inhabits Central America. Various
large extinct terrestrial edentates, such as Megatherium and
Mylodon, are often called sloths.
Australian, OR Native sloth (Zo\'94l.), the koala. -- Sloth animalcule
(Zo\'94l.), a tardigrade. -- Sloth bear (Zo\'94l.), a black or brown
long-haired bear (Melursus ursinus, OR labiatus), native of India and
Ceylon; -- called also aswail, labiated bear, and jungle bear. It is
easily tamed and can be taught many tricks. -- Sloth monkey
(Zo\'94l.), a loris.
Sloth
Sloth, v. i. To be idle. [Obs.] Gower.
Slothful
Sloth"ful (?), a. Addicted to sloth; inactive; sluggish; lazy;
indolent; idle.
He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a
great waster. Prov. xviii. 9.
-- Sloth"ful*ly, adv. -- Sloth"ful*ness, n.
Slothhound
Sloth"hound` (?), n. [See Slot a track, and cf. Sleuthhound.]
(Zo\'94l.) See Sleuthhound.
Slotted
Slot"ted (?), a. Having a slot.
Slotting
Slot"ting (?), n. The act or process of making slots, or mortises.
Slouch
Slouch (?), n. [Cf. Icel. sla slouching felloew, and E. slack, slug, a
lazy fellow.]
1. A hanging down of the head; a drooping attitude; a limp appearance;
an ungainly, clownish gait; a sidewise depression or hanging down, as
of a hat brim.
2. An awkward, heavy, clownish fellow. [Colloq.]
Slouth hat, a soft, limp hat of unstiffened cloth or felt.
Slouch
Slouch, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slouched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slouching.]
1. To droop, as the head.
2. To walk in a clumsy, lazy manner. [Colloq.]
Slouch
Slouch, v. t. To cause to hang down; to depress at the side; as, to
slouth the hat.
Slouching
Slouch"ing, a. Hanging down at the side; limp; drooping; without
firmness or shapeliness; moving in an ungainly manner.
Slouchy
Slouch"y (?), a. Slouching. [Colloq.]
Slough
Slough (?), a. Slow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Slough
Slough (?), n. [OE. slogh, slough, AS. sl&omac;h a hollow place; cf.
MHG. sl&umac;ch an abyss, gullet, G. schlucken to swallow; also Gael.
& Ir. sloc a pit, pool. ditch, Ir. slug to swallow. Gr.
1. A place of deep mud or mire; a hole full of mire. Chaucer.
He's here stuck in a slough. Milton.
2. [Pronounced sl&oomac;.] A wet place; a swale; a side channel or
inlet from a river.
NOTE: [In th is se nse lo cal or pr ovincial; also spelt sloo, and
slue.]
Slough grass (Bot.), a name in the Mississippi valley for grasses of
the genus Muhlenbergia; -- called also drop seed, and nimble Will.
Slough
Slough, obs. imp. of Slee, to slay. Slew. Chaucer.
Slough
Slough (?), n. [OE. slugh, slouh; cf. MHG. sl the skin of a serpent,
G. schlauch a skin, a leather bag or bottle.]
1. The skin, commonly the cast-off skin, of a serpent or of some
similar animal.
2. (Med.) The dead mass separating from a foul sore; the dead part
which separates from the living tissue in mortification.
Slough
Slough, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sloughed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sloughing.]
(Med.) To form a slough; to separate in the form of dead matter from
the living tissues; -- often used with off, or away; as, a sloughing
ulcer; the dead tissues slough off slowly.
Slough
Slough, v. t. To cast off; to discard as refuse.
New tint the plumage of the birds, And slough decay from grazing
herds. Emerson.
Sloughing
Slough"ing (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The act of casting off the skin or
shell, as do insects and crustaceans; ecdysis.
Sloughy
Slough"y (?), a. Full of sloughs, miry.
Sloughy
Slough"y (?), a. Resembling, or of the nature of, a slough, or the
dead matter which separates from living flesh.
Sloven
Slov"en (?), n. [D. slaf careless, negligent, a sloven; akin to LG.
sluf slovenly.] A man or boy habitually negligent of neathess and
order; -- the correlative term to slattern, or slut. Pope.
He became a confirmed sloven. Macaulay.
Slovenliness
Slov"en*li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being slovenly.
Slowenly
Slow"en*ly, a.
1. Having the habits of a sloven; negligent of neatness and order,
especially in dress.
A slovenly, lazy fellow, bolling at his ease. L'Estrange.
2. Characteristic of a solven; lacking neatness and order; evincing
negligence; as, slovenly dress.
Slovenly
Slov"en*ly, adv. a slovenly manner.
Slovenness
Slov"en*ness, n. Slovenliness. [Obs.] Fuller.
Slovenry
Slov"en*ry (?), n. Slovenliness. [Obs.] Shak.
Slow
Slow (?), obs. imp. of Slee, to slay. Slew. Chaucer.
Slow
Slow (?), a. [Compar. Slower (?); superl. Slowest.] [OE. slow, slaw,
AS. sl\'bew; akin to OS. sl blunt, dull, D. sleeuw, slee, sour, OHG.
sl blunt, dull, Icel. sl, sl, Dan. sl\'94v, Sw. sl\'94. Cf. Sloe, and
Sloth.]
1. Moving a short space in a relatively long time; not swift; not
quick in motion; not rapid; moderate; deliberate; as, a slow stream; a
slow motion.
2. Not happening in a short time; gradual; late.
These changes in the heavens, though slow, produced Like change on
sea and land, sidereal blast. Milton.
3. Not ready; not prompt or quick; dilatory; sluggish; as, slow of
speech, and slow of tongue.
Fixed on defense, the Trojans are not slow To guard their shore
from an expected foe. Dryden.
4. Not hasty; not precipitate; acting with deliberation; tardy;
inactive.
He that is slow to wrath is of great understanding. Prov. xiv. 29.
5. Behind in time; indicating a time earlier than the true time; as,
the clock or watch is slow.
6. Not advancing or improving rapidly; as, the slow growth of arts and
sciences.
7. Heavy in wit; not alert, prompt, or spirited; wearisome; dull.
[Colloq.] Dickens. Thackeray.
NOTE: &hand; Sl ow is often used in the formation of compounds for
the most part self-explaining; as, slow-gaited, slow-paced,
slow-sighted, slow-winged, and the like.
Slow coach, a slow person. See def.7, above. [Colloq.] -- Slow lemur,
OR Slow loris (Zo\'94l.), an East Indian nocturnal lemurine animal
(Nycticebus tardigradus) about the size of a small cat; -- so called
from its slow and deliberate movements. It has very large round eyes
and is without a tail. Called also bashful Billy. -- Slow match. See
under Match. Syn. -- Dilatory; late; lingering; tardy; sluggish; dull;
inactive. -- Slow, Tardy, Dilatory. Slow is the wider term, denoting
either a want of rapid motion or inertness of intellect. Dilatory
signifies a proneness to defer, a habit of delaying the performance of
what we know must be done. Tardy denotes the habit of being behind
hand; as, tardy in making up one's acounts.
Slow
Slow, adv. Slowly.
Let him have time to mark how slow time goes In time of sorrow.
Shak.
Slow
Slow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slowing.] To
render slow; to slacken the speed of; to retard; to delay; as, to slow
a steamer. Shak.
Slow
Slow, v. i. To go slower; -- often with up; as, the train slowed up
before crossing the bridge. <-- also with down. -->
Slow
Slow, n. A moth. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Slowback
Slow"back` (?), n. A lubber; an idle fellow; a loiterer. [Old Slang]
Dr. Favour.
Slowh
Slowh (?), obs. imp. of Slee,to slay. Chaucer.
Slowhound
Slow"hound` (?), n. A sleuthhound. [R.]
Slowly
Slow"ly, adv. In a slow manner; moderately; not rapidly; not early;
not rashly; not readly; tardly.
Slowness
Slow"ness, n. The quality or state of being slow.
Slows
Slows (?), n. (Med.) Milk sickness.
Slow-witted
Slow"-wit`ted (?), a. Dull of apprehension; not possessing quick
intelligence.
Slowworm
Slow"worm` (?), n. [AS. sl\'bewyrm; the first part is probably akin to
sle\'a0n to strike, the reptile being supposed to be very poisonous.
See Slay, v. t., and Worm.] (Zo\'94l.) A lecertilian reptile; the
blindworm.
Slub
Slub (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A roll of wool slightly twisted; a
rove; -- called also slubbing.
Slub
Slub, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slubbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slubbing.] To
draw out and twist slightly; -- said of slivers of wool.
Slubber
Slub"ber (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slubbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slubbering.] [Cf. Dan. slubbreto swallow, to sup up, D. slobberen to
lap, to slabber. Cf. Slabber.]
1. To do lazily, imperfectly, or coarsely.
Slubber not business for my sake. Shak.
2. To daub; to stain; to cover carelessly.
There is no art that hath more . . . slubbered with aphorisming
pedantry than the art of policy. Milton.
Slubber
Slub"ber, n. A slubbing machine.
Slubberdegullion
Slub"ber*de*gul`lion (?), n. [Slubber + Prov. E. gullion a wretch.] A
mean, dirty wretch. [Low]
Slubberingly
Slub"ber*ing*ly, adv. In a slovenly, or hurried and imperfect, manner.
[Low] Drayton.
Slubbing
Slub"bing (?), a. & n. from Slub. Slubbing billy, OR Slubbing machine,
the machine by which slubs are formed.
Sludge
Sludge (?), n. [CF. Slush.]
1. Mud; mire; soft mud; slush. Mortimer. Tennyson.
2. Small floating pieces of ice, or masses of saturated snow. Kane.
3. (Mining) See Slime, 4.
Sludge hole, the hand-hole, or manhole, in a steam boiler, by means of
which sediment can be removed.
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Slugger
Slug"ger (?), n. A bucket for removing mud from a bored hole; a sand
pump.
Sludy
Slud"y (?), a. Miry; slushy.
Slue
Slue (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slued (; p. pr. & vb. n. Sluing (.]
[Prov. E. slew to turn round, Scot. to lean or incline to a side; cf.
Icel. sn to turn, bend.] [Written also slew.]
1. (Naut.) To turn about a fixed point, usually the center or axis, as
a spar or piece of timber; to turn; -- used also of any heavy body.
2. In general, to turn about; to twist; -- often used reflexively and
followed by round. [Colloq.]
They laughed, and slued themselves round. Dickens.
Slue
Slue, v. i. To turn about; to turn from the course; to slip or slide
and turn from an expected or desired course; -- often followed by
round.
Slue
Slue, n. See Sloough, 2. [Local]
Slug
Slug (?), n. [OE. slugge slothful, sluggen to be slothful; cf. LG.
slukk low-spirited, sad, E. slack, slouch, D. slak, slek, a snail.]
1. A drone; a slow, lazy fellow; a sluggard. Shak.
2. A hindrance; an obstruction. [Obs.] Bacon.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of terrestrial pulmonate
mollusks belonging to Limax and several related genera, in which the
shell is either small and concealed in the mantle, or altogether
wanting. They are closely allied to the land snails.
4. (Zo\'94l.) Any smooth, soft larva of a sawfly or moth which creeps
like a mollusk; as, the pear slug; rose slug.
5. A ship that sails slowly. [Obs.] Halliwell.
His rendezvous for his fleet, and for all slugs to come to, should
be between Calais and Dover. Pepys.
6. [Perhaps a different word.] An irregularly shaped piece of metal,
used as a missile for a gun.<-- also, a colloq. term for bullet. -->
7. (Print.) A thick strip of metal less than type high, and as long as
the width of a column or a page, -- used in spacing out pages and to
separate display lines, etc.
Sea slug. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any nudibranch mollusk. (b) A holothurian. --
Slug caterpillar. Same as Slugworm.
Slug
Slug, v. i. To move slowly; to lie idle. [Obs.]
To slug in sloth and sensual delight. Spenser.
Slug
Slug, v. t. To make sluggish. [Obs.] Milton.
Slug
Slug, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slugging (?).]
1. To load with a slug or slugs; as, to slug a gun.
2. To strike heavily. [Cant or Slang]
Slug
Slug, v. i. To become reduced in diameter, or changed in shape, by
passing from a larger to a smaller part of the bore of the barrel; --
said of a bullet when fired from a gun, pistol, or other firearm.
Slugabed
Slug"a*bed` (?), n. One who indulges in lying abed; a sluggard. [R.]
"Fie, you slugabed!" Shak.
Sluggard
Slug"gard (?), n. [Slug + -ard.] A person habitually lazy, idle, and
inactive; a drone.
Go to the ant, thou sluggard; considered her ways, and be wise.
Prov. vi. 6.
Sluggard
Slug"gard, a. Sluggish; lazy. Dryden.
Sluggardize
Slug"gard*ize (?), v. t. To make lazy. [R.] Shak.
Sluggardy
Slug"gard*y (?), n. [OE. sloggardye.] The state of being a sluggard;
sluggishness; sloth. Gower.
Idleness is rotten sluggardy. Chaucer.
Slugger
Slug"ger (?), n. One who strikes heavy blows; hence, a boxer; a prize
fighter. [Cant or Slang] <-- (Baseball) A player with a high batting
average, esp. one who hits many home runs. -->
Sluggish
Slug"gish (?), a.
1. Habitually idle and lazy; slothful; dull; inactive; as, a sluggish
man.
2. Slow; having little motion; as, a sluggish stream.
3. Having no power to move one's self or itself; inert.
Matter, being impotent, sluggish, and inactive, hath no power to
stir or move itself. Woodward.
And the sluggish land slumbers in utter neglect. Longfellow.
4. Characteristic of a sluggard; dull; stupid; tame; simple. [R.] "So
sluggish a conceit." Milton. Syn. -- Inert; idle; lazy; slothful;
indolent; dronish; slow; dull; drowsy; inactive. See Inert. --
Slug"gish*ly, adv. -- Slug"gish*ness, n.
Sluggy
Slug"gy (?), a. Sluggish. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Slug-horn
Slug"-horn` (?), a. An erroneous form of the Scotch word slughorne, or
sloggorne, meaning slogan.
Slugs
Slugs (?), n. pl. (Mining) Half-roasted ore.
Slugworm
Slug"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any caterpillar which has the general
appearance of a slug, as do those of certain moths belonging to
Limacodes and allied genera, and those of certain sawflies.
Sluice
Sluice (?), n. [OF. escluse, F. \'82cluse, LL. exclusa, sclusa, from
L. excludere, exclusum, to shut out: cf. D. sluis sluice, from the Old
French. See Exclude.]
1. An artifical passage for water, fitted with a valve or gate, as in
a mill stream, for stopping or regulating the flow; also, a water gate
of flood gate.
2. Hence, an opening or channel through which anything flows; a source
of supply.
Each sluice of affluent fortune opened soon. Harte.
This home familiarity . . . opens the sluices of sensibility. I.
Taylor.
3. The stream flowing through a flood gate.
4. (Mining) A long box or trough through which water flows, -- used
for washing auriferous earth.
Sluice gate, the sliding gate of a sluice.
Sluice
Sluice, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sluiced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sluicing
(?).]
1. To emit by, or as by, flood gates. [R.] Milton.
2. To wet copiously, as by opening a sluice; as, to sluice meadows.
Howitt.
He dried his neck and face, which he had been sluicing with cold
water. De Quincey.
3. To wash with, or in, a stream of water running through a sluice;
as, to sluice eart or gold dust in mining.
Sluiceway
Sluice"way` (?), n. An artificial channel into which water is let by a
sluice; specifically, a trough constructed over the bed of a stream,
so that logs, lumber, or rubbish can be floated down to some
convenient place of delivery.
Sluicy
Slui`cy (?), a. Falling copiously or in streams, as from a sluice.
And oft whole sheets descend of sluicy rain. Dryden.
Slum
Slum (?), n. [CF. Slump, n.]
1. A foul back street of a city, especially one filled with a poor,
dirty, degraded, and often vicious population; any low neighborhood or
dark retreat; -- usually in the plural; as, Westminster slums are
haunts for theives. Dickens.
2. pl. (Mining) Same as Slimes.
Slumber
Slum"ber (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slumbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Slumbering.] [OE. slombren, slumberen, slumeren, AS. slumerian, fr.
sluma slumber; akin to D. sluimeren to slumber, MHG. slummern, slumen,
G. schlummern, Dan. slumre, Sw. slumra, Goth. slawan to be silent.]
1. To sleep; especially, to sleep lightly; to doze. Piers Plowman.
He that keepeth Israel shall neither slumber nor sleep. Ps. cxxi.
4.
2. To be in a state of negligence, sloth, supineness, or inactivity.
"Why slumbers Pope?" Young.
Slumber
Slum"ber, v. t.
1. To lay to sleep. [R.] Wotton.
2. To stun; to stupefy. [Obs.] Spenser.
Slumber
Slum"ber, n. Sleep; especially, light sleep; sleep that is not deep or
sound; repose.
He at last fell into a slumber, and thence into a fast sleep, which
detained him in that place until it was almost night. Bunyan.
Fast asleep? It is no matter; Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber.
Shak.
Rest to my soul, and slumber to my eyes. Dryden.
Slumberer
Slum"ber*er (?), n. One who slumbers; a sleeper.
Slumberingly
Slum"ber*ing*ly, adv. In a slumbering manner.
Slumberless
Slum"ber*less, a. Without slumber; sleepless.
Slumberous
Slum"ber*ous (?), a.
1. Inviting slumber; soporiferous. "Pensive in the slumberous shade."
Pope.
2. Being in the repose of slumber; sleepy; drowsy.
His quiet and almost slumberous countenance. Hawthorne.
Slumbery
Slum"ber*y (?), a. Sleepy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Slumbrous
Slum"brous (?), a. Slumberous. Keats.
Slumming
Slum"ming, vb. n. Visiting slums.
Slump
Slump (?), n. [Cf. D. slomp a mass, heap, Dan. slump a quantity, and
E. slump, v.t.] The gross amount; the mass; the lump. [Scot.]
Slump
Slump, v. t. [Cf. Lump; also Sw. slumpa to bargain for the lump.] To
lump; to throw into a mess.
These different groups . . . are exclusively slumped together under
that sense. Sir W. Hamilton.
Slump
Slump, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Slumped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slumping.]
[Scot. slump a dull noise produced by something falling into a hole, a
marsh, a swamp.] To fall or sink suddenly through or in, when walking
on a surface, as on thawing snow or ice, partly frozen ground, a bog,
etc., not strong enough to bear the person.
The latter walk on a bottomless quag, into which unawares they may
slump. Barrow.
Slump
Slump, n.
1. A boggy place. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
2. The noise made by anything falling into a hole, or into a soft,
miry place. [Scot.]
Slumpy
Slump"y (?), a. Easily broken through; boggy; marshy; swampy. [Prov.
Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] Bartlett.
Slung
Slung (?), imp. & p. p. of Sling. Slung shot, a metal ball of small
size, with a string attached, used by ruffians for striking.
Slunk
Slunk (?), imp. & p. p. of Slink.
Slur
Slur (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slurred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slurring
(?).] [Cf. OE. sloor mud, clay, Icel. sl, slo, to trail or drag one's
self along, D. sleuren, sloren, to train, to drag, to do negligently
and slovenly, D. sloor, sloerie, a sluttish girl.]
1. To soil; to sully; to contaminate; to disgrace. Cudworth.
2. To disparage; to traduce. Tennyson.
3. To cover over; to disguise; to conceal; to pass over lightly or
with little notice.
With periods, points, and tropes, he slurs his crimes. Dryden.
4. To cheat, as by sliding a die; to trick. [R.]
To slur men of what they fought for. Hudibras.
5. To pronounce indistinctly; as, to slur syllables.
6. (Mus.) To sing or perform in a smooth, gliding style; to connect
smoothly in performing, as several notes or tones. Busby.
7. (Print.) To blur or double, as an impression from type; to mackle.
Slur
Slur, n.
1. A mark or stain; hence, a slight reproach or disgrace; a stigma; a
reproachful intimation; an innuendo. "Gaining to his name a lasting
slur." South.
2. A trick played upon a person; an imposition. [R.]
3. (Mus.) A mark, thus [&upslur; or &downslur;], connecting notes that
are to be sung to the same syllable, or made in one continued breath
of a wind instrument, or with one stroke of a bow; a tie; a sign of
legato.
4. In knitting machines, a contrivance for depressing the sinkers
successively by passing over them.
Slurred
Slurred (?), a. (Mus.) Marked with a slur; performed in a smooth,
gliding style, like notes marked with a slur.
Slush
Slush (?), n. [Cf. Sw. slaska to paddle in water, slask wet, filth.]
[Written also slosh.]
1. Soft mud.
2. A mixture of snow and water; half-melted snow.
3. A soft mixture of grease and other materials, used for lubrication.
4. The refuse grease and fat collected in cooking, especially on
shipboard.
5. (Mach.) A mixture of white lead and lime, with which the bright
parts of machines, such as the connecting rods of steamboats, are
painted to be preserved from oxidation.
Slush
Slush (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Slushed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Slushing.]
1. To smear with slush or grease; as, to slush a mast.
2. To paint with a mixture of white lead and lime.
Slushy
Slush"y (?), a. Abounding in slush; characterized by soft mud or
half-melted snow; as, the streets are slushy; the snow is slushy. "A
dark, drizzling, slushy day." Blackw. Mag.
Slut
Slut (?), n. [OE. slutte; cf. OD. slodde a slut, Icel. sl\'94ttr a
heavy, loglike fellow, slota to droop.]
1. An untidy woman; a slattern.
Sluts are good enough to make a sloven's porridge. Old Proverb.
2. A servant girl; a drudge. [Obs.]
Our little girl Susan is a most admirable slut, and pleases us
mightly, doing more service than both the others. Pepys.
3. A female dog; a bitch.
Slutch
Slutch (?), n. [CF. Sludge.] Slush. [Prov. Eng.]
Slutchy
Slutch"y (?), a. Slushy. [Prov. Eng.] Pennant.
Sluthhound
Sluth"hound` (?), n. Sleuthhound.
Sluttery
Slut"ter*y (?), n. The qualities and practices of a slut;
sluttishness; slatternlines. Drayton.
Sluttish
Slut"tish (?), a. Like a slut; untidy; indecently negligent of
cleanliness; disorderly; as, a sluttish woman.
Why is thy lord so slutish, I thee pray. Chaucer.
An air of liberal, though sluttish, plenty, indicated the wealthy
farmer. Sir W. Scott.
-- Slut"tish*ly, adv. -- Slut"tish*ness, n.
Sly
Sly (?), a. [Compar. Slier (?) or Slyer; superl. Sliest or Slyest.]
[OE. sli, slegh, sleih, Icel sl, for sl; akin to Sw. slug, Dan. slu,
LG. slou, G. schlau; probably to E. slay, v.t.; cf. G. verschlagen
sly. See Slay, v. t., and cf. Sleight.]
1. Dexterous in performing an action, so as to escape notice; nimble;
skillful; cautious; shrewd; knowing; -- in a good sense.
Be ye sly as serpents, and simple as doves. Wyclif (Matt. x. 16).
Whom graver age And long experience hath made wise and sly.
Fairfax.
2. Artfully cunning; secretly mischievous; wily.
For my sly wiles and subtle craftiness, The litle of the kingdom I
possess. Spenser.
3. Done with, and marked by, artful and dexterous secrecy; subtle; as,
a sly trick.
Envy works in a sly and imperceptible manner. I. Watts.
4. Light or delicate; slight; thin. [Obs.]
By the sly, OR On the sly, in a sly or secret manner. [Colloq.] "Gazed
on Hetty's charms by the sly." G. Eliot. -- Sly goose (Zo\'94l.), the
common sheldrake; -- so named from its craftiness. Syn. -- Cunning;
crafty; subtile; wily. See Cunning.
Sly
Sly, adv. Slyly. [Obs. or Poetic] Spenser.
Slyboots
Sly"boots` (?), n. A humerous appellation for a sly, cunning, or
waggish person.
Slyboots was cursedly cunning to hide 'em. Goldsmith.
Slyly
Sly"ly, adv. In a sly manner; shrewdly; craftily.
Honestly and slyly he it spent. Chaucer.
Slyness
Sly"ness, n. The quality or state of being sly.
Slype
Slype (?), n. [Cf. D. sluipen to sneak.] (Arch.) A narrow passage
between two buildings, as between the transept and chapter house of a
monastery. [Eng.]
Smack
Smack (?), n. [D. smak; akin to LG. smack, smak, Dan. smakke, G.
schmacke, F. semaque.] (Naut.) A small sailing vessel, commonly rigged
as a sloop, used chiefly in the coasting and fishing trade.
Smack
Smack, n. [OE. smak, AS. ssm taste, savor; akin to D. smaak, G.
geschmack, OHG. smac; cf. Lith. smagus pleasant. Cf. Smack, v. i.]
1. Taste or flavor, esp. a slight taste or flavor; savor; tincture;
as, a smack of bitter in the medicine. Also used figuratively.
So quickly they have taken a smack in covetousness. Robynson
(More's Utopia).
They felt the smack of this world. Latimer.
2. A small quantity; a taste. Dryden.
3. A loud kiss; a buss. "A clamorous smack." Shak.
4. A quick, sharp noise, as of the lips when suddenly separated, or of
a whip.
5. A quick, smart blow; a slap. Johnson.
Smack
Smack, adv. As if with a smack or slap. [Colloq.]
Smack
Smack, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Smacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Smacking.]
[OE. smaken to taste, have a taste, -- from the noun; cf. AS. smecan
taste; akin to D. smaken, G. schmecken, OHG. smechen to taste,
smachschmatzen to smack the lips, to kiss with a sharp noise, MHG.
smatzen, smackzeen), Icel smakka to taste, Sw. smaka, Dan. smage. See
2d Smack, n.]
1. To have a smack; to be tinctured with any particular taste.
2. To have or exhibit indications of the presence of any character or
quality.
All sects, all ages, smack of this vice. Shak.
3. To kiss with a close compression of the lips, so as to make a sound
when they separate; to kiss with a sharp noise; to buss.
4. To make a noise by the separation of the lips after tasting
anything.
Smack
Smack, v. t.
1. To kiss with a sharp noise; to buss.
2. To open, as the lips, with an inarticulate sound made by a quick
compression and separation of the parts of the mouth; to make a noise
with, as the lips, by separating them in the act of kissing or after
tasting.
Drinking off the cup, and smacking his lips with an air of
ineffable relish. Sir W. Scott.
3. To make a sharp noise by striking; to crack; as, to smack a whip.
"She smacks the silken thong." Young.
Smacking
Smack"ing, n. A sharp, quick noise; a smack.
Like the faint smacking of an after kiss. Dryden.
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Page 1358
Smacking
Smack"ing (?), a. Making a sharp, brisk sound; hence, brisk; as, a
smacking breeze.
Small
Small (?), a. [Compar. Smaller (?); superl. Smallest.] [OE. small, AS.
sm$l; akin to D. smal narrow, OS. & OHG. smal small, G. schmal narrow,
Dan. & Sw. smal, Goth. smals small, Icel. smali smal cattle, sheep, or
goats; cf. Gr.
1. Having little size, compared with other things of the same kind;
little in quantity or degree; diminutive; not large or extended in
dimension; not great; not much; inconsiderable; as, a small man; a
small river.
To compare Great things with small. Milton.
2. Being of slight consequence; feeble in influence or importance;
unimportant; trivial; insignificant; as, a small fault; a small
business.
3. Envincing little worth or ability; not large-minded; -- sometimes,
in reproach, paltry; mean.
A true delineation of the smallest man is capable of interesting
the reatest man. Carlyle.
4. Not prolonged in duration; not extended in time; short; as, after a
small space. Shak.
5. Weak; slender; fine; gentle; soft; not loud. "A still, small
voice." 1 Kings xix. 12.
Great and small,of all ranks or degrees; -- used especially of
persons. "His quests, great and small." Chaucer. -- Small arms,
muskets, rifles, pistols, etc., in distinction from cannon. -- Small
beer. See under Beer. -- Small coal. (a) Little coals of wood formerly
used to light fires. Gay. (b) Coal about the size of a hazelnut,
separated from the coarser parts by screening. -- Small craft (Naut.),
a vessel, or vessels in general, of a small size. -- Small fruits. See
under Fruit. -- Small hand, a certain size of paper. See under Paper.
-- Small hours. See under Hour. -- Small letter. (Print.), a
lower-case letter. See Lower-case, and Capital letter, under Capital,
a. -- Small piece, a Scotch coin worth about 2d. sterling, or about
4cents. -- Small register. See the Note under 1st Register, 7. --
Small stuff (Naut.), spun yarn, marline, and the smallest kinds of
rope. R. H. Dana, Jr. -- Small talk, light or trifling conversation;
chitchat. -- Small wares (Com.), various small textile articles, as
tapes, braid, tringe, and the like. M\'bfCulloch.
Small
Small, adv.
1. In or to small extent, quantity, or degree; little; slightly.
[Obs.] "I wept but small." Chaucer. "It small avails my mood." Shak.
2. Not loudly; faintly; timidly. [Obs. or Humorous]
You may speak as small as you will. Shak.
Small
Small, n.
1. The small or slender part of a thing; as, the small of the leg or
of the back.
2. pl. Smallclothes. [Colloq.] Hood. Dickens.
3. pl. Same as Little go. See under Little, a.
Small
Small, v. t. To make little or less. [Obs.]
Smallage
Small"age (?), n. [Small + F. ache smallage. See Ach parsley.] (Bot.)
A biennial umbelliferous plant (Apium graveolens) native of the
seacoats of Europe and Asia. When deprived of its acrid and even
poisonous properties by cultivation, it becomes celery.
Smallclothes
Small"clothes` (?), n. pl. A man's garment for the hips and thighs;
breeches. See Breeches.
Smallish
Small"ish, a. Somewhat small. G. W. Cable.
Smallness
Small"ness, n. The quality or state of being small.
Smallpox
Small"pox` (?), n. [Small + pox, pocks.] (Med.) A contagious,
constitutional, febrile disease characterized by a peculiar eruption;
variola. The cutaneous eruption is at first a collection of papules
which become vesicles (first flat, subsequently umbilicated) and then
pustules, and finally thick crusts which slough after a certain time,
often leaving a pit, or scar.<-- now no longer observed, after a long
campaing of vaccination apparently succeeded in eliminating all human
carriers by 1995. -->
Smalls
Smalls (?), n. pl. See Small, n., 2, 3.
Smallsword
Small"sword` (?), n. A light sword used for thrusting only;
especially, the sword worn by civilians of rank in the eighteenth
century.
Smally
Smal"ly (?), adv. In a small quantity or degree; with minuteness. [R.]
Ascham.
Smalt
Smalt (?), n. [It. smalto, LL. smaltum; of Teutonic origin; cf. OHG.
smalz grease, butter, G. schmalz grease, OHG. smelzan to melt, G.
schmelzen. See Smelt, v. t., and cf. Amel, Enamel.] A deep blue
pigment or coloring material used in various arts. It is a vitreous
substance made of cobalt, potash, and calcined quartz fused, and
reduced to a powder.
Smalt-blue
Smalt"-blue` (?), a. Deep blue, like smalt.
Smaltine, Smaltite
Smalt"ine (?), Smalt"ite (?), n. [See Smalt.] (Min.) A tin-white or
gray mineral of metallic luster. It is an arsenide of cobalt, nickel,
and iron. Called also speiskobalt.
Smaragd
Smar"agd (?), n. [L. smaragdus. See Emerald.] The emerald. [Obs.]
Bale.
Smaragdine
Sma*rag"dine (?), a. [L. smaragdinus, Gr. Of or pertaining to emerald;
resembling emerald; of an emerald green.
Smaragdite
Sma*rag"dite (?), n. [Cf. F. smaragdite; -- so called from its
emerald-green color. See Smaragd.] (Min.) A green foliated kind of
amphibole, observed in eclogite and some varietis of gabbro.
Smart
Smart (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Smarted; p. pr. & vb. n. Smarting.]
[OE. smarten, AS. smeortan; akin to D. smarten, smerten, G. schmerzen,
OHG. smerzan, Dan. smerte, SW. sm\'84rta, D. smart, smert, a pain, G.
schmerz, Ohg. smerzo, and probably to L. mordere to bite; cf. Gr. m to
rub, crush. Cf. Morsel.]
1. To feel a lively, pungent local pain; -- said of some part of the
body as the seat of irritation; as, my finger smarts; these wounds
smart. Chaucer. Shak.
2. To feel a pungent pain of mind; to feel sharp pain or grief; to
suffer; to feel the sting of evil.
No creature smarts so little as a fool. Pope.
He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it. Prov. xi. 15.
Smart
Smart, v. t. To cause a smart in. "A goad that . . . smarts the
flesh." T. Adams.
Smart
Smart, n. [OE. smerte. See Smart, v. i.]
1. Quick, pungent, lively pain; a pricking local pain, as the pain
from puncture by nettles. "In pain's smart." Chaucer.
2. Severe, pungent pain of mind; pungent grief; as, the smart of
affliction.
To stand 'twixt us and our deserved smart. Milton.
Counsel mitigates the greatest smart. Spenser.
3. A fellow who affects smartness, briskness, and vivacity; a dandy.
[Slang] Fielding.
4. Smart money (see below). [Canf]
Smart
Smart (?), a. [Compar. Smarter (?); superl. Smartest.] [OE. smerte.
See Smart, v. i.]
1. Causing a smart; pungent; pricking; as, a smart stroke or taste.
How smart lash that speech doth give my conscience. Shak.
2. Keen; severe; poignant; as, smart pain.
3. Vigorous; sharp; severe. "Smart skirmishes, in which many fell."
Clarendon.
4. Accomplishing, or able to accomplish, results quickly; active;
sharp; clever. [Colloq.]
5. Efficient; vigorous; brilliant. "The stars shine smarter." Dryden.
6. Marked by acuteness or shrewdness; quick in suggestion or reply;
vivacious; witty; as, a smart reply; a smart saying.
Who, for the poor renown of being smart Would leave a sting within
a brother's heart? Young.
A sentence or two, . . . which I thought very smart. Addison.
7. Pretentious; showy; spruce; as, a smart gown. <-- in modifying
dress or appearance, now used in the sense of "neat, trim", or
"stylish, attractive, elegant." -->
8. Brisk; fresh; as, a smart breeze.
Smart money. (a) Money paid by a person to buy himself off from some
unpleasant engagement or some painful situation. (b) (Mil.) Money
allowed to soldiers or sailors, in the English service, for wounds and
injures received; also, a sum paid by a recruit, previous to being
sworn in, to procure his release from service. (c) (Law) Vindictive or
exemplary damages; damages beyond a full compensation for the actual
injury done. Burrill. Greenleaf.<-- = punitive damages?. (d) (Finance)
Knowledgeable investors or bettors. "The smart money says that
technology stocks are at a peak." --> -- Smart ticket, a certificate
given to wounded seamen, entitling them to smart money. [Eng.] Brande
& C. Syn. -- Pungent; poignant; sharp; tart; acute; quick; lively;
brisk; witty; clever; keen; dashy; showy. -- Smart, Clever. Smart has
been much used in New England to describe a person who is intelligent,
vigorous, and active; as, a smart young fellow; a smart workman, etc.,
conciding very nearly with the English sense of clever. The nearest
approach to this in England is in such expressions as, he was smart
(pungent or witty) in his reply, etc.; but smart and smartness, when
applied to persons, more commonly refer to dress; as, a smart
appearance; a smart gown, etc.
Smarten
Smart"en (?), v. t. To make smart or spruce; -- usually with up.
[Colloq.]
She had to go and smarten herself up somewhat. W. Black.
Smartle
Smar"tle (?), v. i. To waste away. [Prov. Eng.]
Smartly
Smart"ly (?), adv. In a smart manner.
Smartness
Smart"ness, n. The quality or state of being smart.
Smartweed
Smart"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) An acrid plant of the genus Polygonum (P.
Hydropiper), which produces smarting if applied where the skin is
tender.
Smash
Smash (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smashed (; p. pr. & vb. n. Smashing.]
[Cf. Sw. smisk a blow, stroke, smiska to strike, dial. Sw. smaske to
kiss with a noise, and E. smack a loud kiss, a slap.] To break in
pieces by violence; to dash to pieces; to crush.
Here everything is broken and smashed to pieces. Burke.
Smash
Smash, v. i. To break up, or to pieces suddenly, as the result of
collision or pressure.
Smash
Smash, n.
1. A breaking or dashing to pieces; utter destruction; wreck.
2. Hence, bankruptcy. [Colloq.]
Smasher
Smash"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, smashes or breaks things to pieces.
2. Anything very large or extraordinary. [Slang]
3. One who passes counterfeit coin. [Cant, Eng.]
Smatch
Smatch (?), n. [OE. smach, smak. See Smack taste.] Taste; tincture;
smack. [Obs.]
Thy life hath had some smatch of honor in it. Shak.
Smatch
Smatch, v. i. To smack. [Obs.] Banister (1578).
Smatter
Smat"ter (?), v. i. [OE. smateren to make a noise; cf. Sw. smattra to
clatter, to crackle, G. schmettern to dash, crash, to warble, quaver.]
1. To talk superficially or ignorantly; to babble; to chatter.
Of state affairs you can not smatter. Swift.
2. To have a slight taste, or a slight, superficial knowledge, of
anything; to smack.
Smatter
Smat"ter, v. t.
1. To talk superficially about.
2. To gain a slight taste of; to acquire a slight, superficial
knowledge of; to smack. Chaucer.
Smatter
Smat"ter, n. Superficial knowledge; a smattering.
Smatterer
Smat"ter*er (?), n. One who has only a slight, superficial knowledge;
a sciolist.
Smattering
Smat"ter*ing, n. A slight, superficial knowledge of something;
sciolism.
I had a great desire, not able to attain to a superficial skill in
any, to have some smattering in all. Burton.
Smear
Smear (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smeared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Smearing.]
[OE. smeren, smerien, AS. smierwan, smyrwan, fr. smeoru fat, grease;
akin to D. smeren, OHG. smirwen, G. schmieren, Icel. smyrja to anoint.
See Smear, n.]
1. To overspread with anything unctuous, viscous, or adhesive; to
daub; as, to smear anything with oil. "Smear the sleepy grooms with
blood." Shak.
2. To soil in any way; to contaminate; to pollute; to stain morally;
as, to be smeared with infamy. Shak.
Smear
Smear, n. [OE. smere,. smeoru fat, grease; akin to D. smeer, G.
schmeer, OHG. smero, Icel. smj\'94r, Sw. & Dan. sm\'94r butter, Goth.
sma\'a1r fatness, smarna dung; cf. Lith. smarsas fat. Cf. Smirch.]
1. A fat, oily substance; oinment. Johnson.
2. Hence, a spot made by, or as by, an unctuous or adhesive substance;
a blot or blotch; a daub; a stain.
Slow broke the morn, All damp and rolling vapor, with no sun, But
in its place a moving smear of light. Alexander Smith.
Smear dab
Smear" dab" (?). (Zo\'94l.) The sand fluke (b). [Prov. Eng.]
Smeared
Smeared (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the color mark ings ill defined, as
if rubbed; as, the smeared dagger moth (Apatela oblinita). <-- #sic
?sp. Under "dagger moth", it says genus = Apatalea -->
Smeary
Smear"y (?), a. Tending to smear or soil; adhesive; viscous. Rowe.
Smeath
Smeath (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The smew. [Prov. Eng.]
Smectite
Smec"tite (?), n. [G. smectit, fr. Gr. (Min.) A hydrous silicate of
alumina, of a greenish color, which, in certain states of humidity,
appears transparent and almost gelatinous.
Smee
Smee (?), n. [Cf. Smew.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pintail duck. (b) The
widgeon. (c) The poachard. (d) The smew. [Prov. Eng.]
Smeeth
Smeeth (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain.] To smoke; to blacken with
smoke; to rub with soot. [Obs.]
Smeeth
Smeeth (?), v. t. [OE. sme, AS. sm. See Smooth.] To smooth. [Prov.
Eng.] Halliwell.
Smegma
Smeg"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Physiol.) The matter secreted by any of
the sebaceous glands. Specifically: (a) The soapy substance covering
the skin of newborn infants. (b) The cheesy, sebaceous matter which
collects between the glans penis and the foreskin.
Smegmatic
Smeg*mat"ic (?), a. Being of the nature of soap; soapy; cleansing;
detersive.
Smeir
Smeir (?), n. A salt glaze on pottery, made by adding common salt to
an earthenware glaze.
Smell
Smell (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smelled (?), Smelt (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Smelling.] [OE. smellen, smillen, smullen; cf. LG. smellen, smelen,
sm\'94len, schmelen, to smoke, to reek, D. smeulen to smolder, and E.
smolder. Cf. Smell, n.]
1. To perceive by the olfactory nerves, or organs of smell; to have a
sensation of, excited through the nasal organs when affected by the
appropriate materials or qualities; to obtain the scent of; as, to
smell a rose; to smell perfumes.
2. To detect or perceive, as if by the sense of smell; to scent out;
-- often with out. "I smell a device." Shak.
Can you smell him out by that? Shak.
3. To give heed to. [Obs.]
From that time forward I began to smellthe Word of God, and forsook
the school doctors. Latimer.
To smell a rat, to have a sense of something wrong, not clearly
evident; to have reason for suspicion. [Colloq.] -- To smell out, to
find out by sagacity. [Colloq.]
Smell
Smell, v. i.
1. To affect the olfactory nerves; to have an odor or scent; -- often
followed by of; as, to smell of smoke, or of musk.
2. To have a particular tincture or smack of any quality; to savor;
as, a report smells of calumny.
Praises in an enemy are superfluous, or smell of craft. Milton.
3. To exercise the sense of smell. Ex. xxx. 38.
4. To exercise sagacity. Shak.
Smell
Smell, n. [OE. smel, smil, smul, smeol. See Smell, v. t.] (Physiol.)
1. The sense or faculty by which certain qualities of bodies are
perceived through the instrumentally of the olfactory nerves. See
Sense.
2. The quality of any thing or substance, or emanation therefrom,
which affects the olfactory organs; odor; scent; fragrance; perfume;
as, the smell of mint.
Breathing the smell of field and grove. Milton.
That which, above all others, yields the sweetest smell in the air,
is the violent. Bacon.
Syn. -- Scent; odor; perfume; fragrance.
Smeller
Smell"er (?), n.
1. One who smells, or perceives by the sense of smell; one who gives
out smell.
2. The nose. [Pugilists' Slang]
Smell-feast
Smell"-feast` (?), n.
1. One who is apt to find and frequent good tables; a parasite; a
sponger.
The epicure and the smell-feast. South.
2. A feast at which the guests are supposed to feed upon the odors
only of the viands.
Smelling
Smell"ing, n.
1. The act of one who smells.
2. The sense by which odors are perceived; the sense of smell. Locke.
Smelling bottle, a small bottle filled with something suited to
stimulate the sense of smell, or to remove faintness, as spirits of
ammonia.
Smell-less
Smell"-less, a. Destitute of smell; having no odor.
Daisies smell-less, yet most quaint. Beau & Fl.
Smelt
Smelt (?), imp. & p. p. of Smell.
Smelt
Smelt, n. [AS. smelt, smylt; akin to Dan. smelt.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small silvery salmonoid
fishes of the genus Osmerus and allied genera, which ascend rivers to
spawn, and sometimes become landlocked in lakes. They are esteemed as
food, and have a peculiar odor and taste.
NOTE: &hand; Th e mo st im portant sp ecies ar e the European smelt
(Osmerus eperlans) (called also eperlan, sparling, and spirling),
the Eastern American smelt (O. mordax), the California smelt (O.
thalichthys), and the surf smelt (Hypomesus olidus). The name is
loosely applied to various other small fishes, as the lant, the
California tomcod, the spawn eater, the silverside.
2. Fig.: A gull; a simpleton. [Obs.] eau & Fl.
Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.), the silverside.
Smelt
Smelt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smelted; p. pr. & vb. n. Smelting.] [Of
foreign origin; cf. Sw. sm\'84lta, D. smelten, Dan. smelte, Icel.
smelta, G. schmelzen OHG. smelzan, smelzen; probably akin to Gr.
Enamel, Melt, Mute, v. i., Smalt.] (Metal.) To melt or fuse, as, ore,
for the purpose of separating and refining the metal; hence, to
reduce; to refine; to flux or scorify; as, to smelt tin.
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Smelter
Smelt"er (?), n. One who, or that which, smelts.
Smeltery
Smelt"er*y (?), n. A house or place for smelting.
Smeltie
Smelt"ie (?), n. A fish, the bib. [Prov. Eng.]
Smelting
Smelt"ing, a. & n. from Smelt. Smelting furnace (Metal.), a furnace in
which ores are smelted or reduced.
Smerk
Smerk (?), n. & v. See Smirk.
Smerk, Smerky
Smerk (?), Smerk"y (?), a. Smart; jaunty; spruce. See Smirk, a. [Obs.]
So smerk, so smooth, his pricked ears. Spenser.
Smerlin
Smer"lin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small loach.
Smew
Smew (?), n. [Perhaps for ice-mew.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) small European
merganser (Mergus albellus) which has a white crest; -- called also
smee, smee duck, white merganser, and white nun. (b) The hooded
merganser. [Local, U.S.]
Smicker
Smick"er (?), v. i. [Akin to Sw. smickra to flatter, Dan. smigre, and
perhaps to G. schmeicheln, and E. smile. Cf. Smicker, a.] To look
amorously or wantonly; to smirk.
Smicker
Smick"er, a. [AS. smicere tasteful, trim. See Smicker, v.] Amorous;
wanton; gay; spruce. [Obs.]
Smickering
Smick"er*ing, n. Amorous glance or inclination. [Obs.] "A smickering
to our young lady." Dryden.
Smicket
Smick"et (?), n. [Dim. of smock.] A woman's under-garment; a smock.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Johnson.
Smickly
Smick"ly, adv. Smugly; finically. [Obs.] Ford.
Smiddy
Smid"dy (?), n. [See Smithy.] A smithy. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Smift
Smift (?), n. A match for firing a charge of powder, as in blasting; a
fuse.
Smight
Smight (?), v. t. To smite. [Obs.] Spenser.
Smilacin
Smil"a*cin (?), n. [Cf. F. similacine. See Smilax.] (Chem.) See
Parrilin.
Smilax
Smi"lax (?), n. [L., bindweed, Gr. (Bot.) (a) A genus of perennial
climbing plants, usually with a prickly woody stem; green brier, or
cat brier. The rootstocks of certain species are the source of the
medicine called sarsaparilla. (b) A delicate trailing plant
(Myrsiphyllum asparagoides) much used for decoration. It is a native
of the Cape of Good Hope.
Smile
Smile (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Smiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Smiling.]
[OE. smilen; akin to Dan. smile, Sw. smila, MHG. smielen, smieren, L.
mirari to wonder at, Skr. smi to smile; and probably to E. smicker.
&root;173. Cf. Admire, Marvel, Smirk.]
1. To express amusement, pleasure, moderate joy, or love and kindness,
by the features of the face; to laugh silently.
He doth nothing but frown . . . He hears merry tales and smiles
not. Shak.
She led to see the doughty hero slain. Pope.
When last I saw thy young blue eyes, they smiled. Byron.
2. To express slight contempt by a look implying sarcasm or pity; to
sneer.
'T was what I said to Craggs and Child, Who praised my modesty, and
smiled. Pope.
3. To look gay and joyous; to have an appearance suited to excite joy;
as, smiling spring; smilimg plenty.
The desert smiled, And paradise was opened in the wild. Pope.
4. To be propitious or favorable; to favor; to countenance; -- often
with on; as, to smile on one's labors.
Smile
Smile, v. t.
1. To express by a smile; as, to smile consent; to smile a welcome to
visitors.
2. To affect in a certain way with a smile. [R.]
And sharply smile prevailing folly dead. Young.
Smile
Smile, n. [CF. Dan. smiil, Sw. smil. See Smile, v. i.]
1. The act of smiling; a peculiar change or brightening of the face,
which expresses pleasure, moderate joy, mirth, approbation, or
kindness; -- opposed to frown.
Sweet intercourse Of looks and smiles: for smiles from reason flow.
Milton.
2. A somewhat similar expression of countenance, indicative of
satisfaction combined with malevolent feelings, as contempt, scorn,
etc; as, a scornful smile.
3. Favor; countenance; propitiousness; as, the smiles of Providence.
"The smile of heaven." Shak.
4. Gay or joyous appearance; as, the smiles of spring.
The brightness of their [the flowers'] smile was gone. Bryant.
Smileless
Smile"less (?), a. Not having a smile.
Smiler
Smil"er (?), n. One who smiles. Tennyson.
Smilet
Smil"et (?), n. A little smile. [R.]
Those happy smilets That played on her ripe lip. Shak.
Smilingly
Smil"ing*ly, adv. In a smiling manner. Shak.
Smilingness
Smil"ing*ness, n. Quality or state of being smiling.
And made despair a smilingness assume. Byron.
Smilodon
Smi"lo*don (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of saber-toothed
tigers. See Mach.
Smilt
Smilt (?), v. i. To melt. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Sminthurid
Smin*thu"rid (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous small species
of springtails, of the family Sminthurid, -- usually found on flowers.
See Illust. under Collembola.
Smirch
Smirch (?), v. t. [From the root of smear.] To smear with something
which stains, or makes dirty; to smutch; to begrime; to soil; to
sully.
I'll . . . with a kind of umber smirch my face. Shak.
Smirch
Smirch (?), n. A smutch; a dirty stain.
Smirk
Smirk (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Smirked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Smirking.]
[OE. smirken, ASS. smercian, smearcian; cf. MHG. smieren, smielen, to
smile. See Smile, v. i.] To smile in an affected or conceited manner;
to smile with affected complaisance; to simper.
Smirk
Smirk, n. A forced or affected smile; a simper.
The bride, all smirk and blush, had just entered. Sir W. Scott.
Smirk
Smirk, a. Nice,; smart; spruce; affected; simpering. "So smirk, so
smooth." Spenser.
Smirkingly
Smirk"ing*ly, adv. With smirking; with a smirk.
Smirky
Smirk"y (?), a. Smirk; smirking.
Smit
Smit (?), rare imp. & p. p. of Smite. Spenser.
Smit with the beauty of so fair a scene. Cowper.
Smit
Smit, obs. 3d. pers. sing. pres. of Smite. Chaucer.
Smite
Smite (?), v. t. [imp. Smoth (?), rarely Smit (; p. p. Smitten (?),
rarely Smit, or Smote; p. pr. & vb. n. Smiting (?).] [AS. sm\'c6tan to
smite, to soil, pollute; akin to OFries. sm\'c6ta to smite, LG.
smiten, D. smijten, G. schmeissen, OHG. sm\'c6zan to smear, stroke,
OSw. & dial. Sw. smita to smite, Dan. smiide to throw, Goth.
bismeitan, to anoint, besmear; cf. Skr. m to be fat. The original
sense seems to have been, to daub on, to smear. Cf. Smut.]
1. To strike; to inflict a blow upon with the hand, or with any
instrument held in the hand, or with a missile thrown by the hand; as,
to smite with the fist, with a rod, sword, spear, or stone.
Whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the
other also. Matt. v. 39.
And David . . . took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the
Philistine in his forehead. 1 Sam. xvii. 49.
2. To cause to strike; to use as an instrument in striking or hurling.
Profpesy, and smite thine hands together. Ezek. xxi. 14.
Saul . . . smote the javelin into the wall. 1 Sam. xix. 10.
3. To destroy the life of by beating, or by weapons of any kind; to
slay by a blow; to kill; as, to smite one with the sword, or with an
arrow or other instrument.
4. To put to rout in battle; to overthrow by war.
5. To blast; to destroy the life or vigor of, as by a stroke or by
some visitation.
The flax and the barely was smitten. Ex. ix. 31.
6. To afflict; to chasten; to punish.
Let us not mistake God's goodness, nor imagine, because he smites
us, that we are forsaken by him. Wake.
7. To strike or affect with passion, as love or fear.
The charms that smite the simple heart. Pope.
Smith with the love of sister arts we came. Pope.
To smite off, to cut off. -- To smite out, to knock out, as a tooth.
Exod,xxi.27. -- To smite with the tongue, to reproach or upbarid; to
revile. [Obs.] Jer. xviii. 18.
Smite
Smite, v. i. To strike; to collide; to beat. [Archaic]
The heart meleth, and the knees smite together. Nah. ii. 10.
Smite
Smite, n. The act of smiting; a blow.
Smiter
Smit"er (?), n. One who smites.
I give my back to the smiters. Isa. l. 6.
Smith
Smith (?), n. [AS. smi; akin to D. smid, G. schmied, OHG. smid, Icel.
smi, Dan. & Sw. smed, Goth. smi (in comp.); cf. Gr.
1. One who forgess with the hammer; one who works in metals; as, a
blacksmith, goldsmith, silversmith, and the like. Piers Plowman.
Nor yet the smith hath learned to form a sword. Tate.
2. One who makes or effects anything. [R.] Dryden.
Smith
Smith, v. t. [AS. smi. See Smith, n.] To beat into shape; to fprge.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
What smith that any [weapon] smitheth. Piers Plowman.
Smithcraft
Smith"craft` (?), n. The art or occupation of a smith; smithing. [R.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
Smither
Smith"er, n.
1. Light, fine rain. [Prov. Eng.]
2. pl. Fragments; atoms; finders. [Prov. Eng.]
Smash the bottle to smithers. Tennyson.
Smithereens
Smith`er*eens" (?), n. pl. Fragments; atoms; smithers. [Colloq.] W.
Black.
Smithery
Smith"er*y (?), n.; pl. -ies (.
1. The workshop of a smith; a smithy or stithy.
2. Work done by a smith; smithing.
The din of all his smithery may some time or other possibly wake
this noble duke. Burke.
Smithing
Smith"ing, n. The act or art of working or forging metals, as iron,
into any desired shape. Moxon.
Smithsonian
Smith*so"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Englishman J.L.M.
Smithson, or to the national institution of learning which he endowed
at Washington, D.C.; as, the Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian
Reports. -- n. The Smithsonian Institution.<-- capitalized -->
Smithsonite
Smith"son*ite (?), n. [See Smithsonian.] (Min.) Native zinc carbonate.
It generally occurs in stalactitic, reniform, or botryoidal shapes, of
a white to gray, green, or brown color. See Note under Calamine.
Smithy
Smith"y (?), n. [AS. smi, fr. smi; akin to D. smidse, smids, OHG.
smitta, G. schmiede, Icel. smi. See Smith, n.] The workshop of a
smith, esp. a blacksmith; a smithery; a stithy. [Written also smiddy.]
Under a spreading chestnut tree The village smithy stands.
Lonfellow.
Smitt
Smitt (?), n. [CF. G. schmitz a stain, schmitzen besmear. See Smite,
v. t.] Fine clay or ocher made up into balls, used for marking sheep.
[Eng.] Woodsward.
Smitten
Smit"ten (?), p. p. of Smite.
Smittle
Smit"tle (?), v. t. [Freq. fr. OE. smitten to befoul. See Smite, v.
t.] To infect. [Prov. Eng.]
Smittle
Smit"tle, n. Infection. [Pov. Eng.] Wright.
Smittle, Smittlish
Smit"tle (?), Smit"tlish (?), a. Infectious; catching. [Scot. & Prov.
Eng.] H. Kingsley.
Smock
Smock (?), n. [AS. smoc; akin to OHG. smocho, Icel. smokkr, and from
the root of AS. sm to creep, akin to G. schmiegen to cling to, press
close. MHG. smiegen, Icel. smj to creep through, to put on a garment
which has a hole to put the head through; cf. Lith. smukti to glide.
Cf. Smug, Smuggle.]
1. A woman's under-garment; a shift; a chemise.
In her smock, with head and foot all bare. Chaucer.
2. A blouse; a smoock frock. Carlyle.
Smock
Smock (?), a. Of or pertaining to a smock; resembling a smock; hence,
of or pertaining to a woman. Smock mill, a windmill of which only the
cap turns round to meet the wind, in distinction from a post mill,
whose whole building turns on a post. -- Smock race, a race run by
women for the prize of a smock. [Prov. Eng.]
Smock
Smock, v. t. To provide with, or clothe in, a smock or a smock frock.
Tennyson.
Smock-faced
Smock"-faced` (?), a. Having a feminine countenance or complexion;
smooth-faced; girlish. Fenton.
Smock frock
Smock" frock` (?). A coarse frock, or shirt, worn over the other
dress, as by farm laborers. Macaulay.
Smockless
Smock"less, a. Wanting a smock. Chaucer.
Smokable
Smok"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being smoked; suitable or ready to be
smoked; as, smokable tobacco.
Smoke
Smoke (?), n. [AS. smoca, fr. sme\'a2can to smoke; akin to LG. & D.
smook smoke, Dan. sm\'94g, G. schmauch, and perh. to Gr. smaugti to
choke.]
1. The visible exhalation, vapor, or substance that escapes, or
expelled, from a burning body, especially from burning vegetable
matter, as wood, coal, peat, or the like.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ga ses of hy drocarbons, raised to a red heat or
thereabouts, without a mixture of air enough to produce combustion,
disengage their carbon in a fine powder, forming smoke. The
disengaged carbon when deposited on solid bodies is soot.
2. That which resembles smoke; a vapor; a mist.
3. Anything unsubstantial, as idle talk. Shak.
4. The act of smoking, esp. of smoking tobacco; as, to have a smoke.
[Colloq.]
NOTE: &hand; Sm oke is so metimes jo ined with other word. forming
self-explaining compounds; as, smoke-consuming, smoke-dried,
smoke-stained, etc.
Smoke arch, the smoke box of a locomotive. -- Smoke ball (Mil.), a
ball or case containing a composition which, when it burns, sends
forth thick smoke. -- Smoke black, lampblack. [Obs.] -- Smoke board, a
board suspended before a fireplace to prevent the smoke from coming
out into the room. -- Smoke box, a chamber in a boiler, where the
smoke, etc., from the furnace is collected before going out at the
chimney. -- Smoke sail (Naut.), a small sail in the lee of the galley
stovepipe, to prevent the smoke from annoying people on deck. -- Smoke
tree (Bot.), a shrub (Rhus Cotinus) in which the flowers are mostly
abortive and the panicles transformed into tangles of plumose pedicels
looking like wreaths of smoke. -- To end in smoke, to burned; hence,
to be destroyed or ruined; figuratively, to come to nothing.<-- same
as go up in smoke. --> Syn. -- Fume; reek; vapor.
Smoke
Smoke, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Smoked (?); p. pr. & vb n. Smoking.] [AS.
smocian; akin to D. smoken, G. schmauchen, Dan. sm\'94ge. See Smoke,
n.]
1. To emit smoke; to throw off volatile matter in the form of vapor or
exhalation; to reek.
Hard by a cottage chimney smokes. Milton.
2. Hence, to burn; to be kindled; to rage.
The anger of the Lord and his jealousy shall smoke agains. that
man. Deut. xxix. 20.
3. To raise a dust or smoke by rapid motion.
Proud of his steeds, he smokes along the field. Dryden.
4. To draw into the mouth the smoke of tobacco burning in a pipe or in
the form of a cigar, cigarette, etc.; to habitually use tobacco in
this manner.
5. To suffer severely; to be punished.
Some of you shall smoke for it in Rome. Shak.
<-- To be smoking, (a) [Colloq] (Entertainment, sports) To perform in
an exciting manner. (b) (Gambling) To be winning in a long streak -->
Smoke
Smoke, v. t.
1. To apply smoke to; to hang in smoke; to disinfect, to cure, etc.,
by smoke; as, to smoke or fumigate infected clothing; to smoke beef or
hams for preservation.
2. To fill or scent with smoke; hence, to fill with incense; to
perfume. "Smoking the temple." Chaucer.
3. To smell out; to hunt out; to find out; to detect.
I alone Smoked his true person, talked with him. Chapman.
He was first smoked by the old Lord Lafeu. Shak.
Upon that . . . I began to smoke that they were a parcel of
mummers. Addison.
4. To ridicule to the face; to quiz. [Old Slang]
5. To inhale and puff out the smoke of, as tobacco; to burn or use in
smoking; as, to smoke a pipe or a cigar.
6. To subject to the operation of smoke, for the purpose of annoying
or driving out; -- often with out; as, to smoke a woodchuck out of his
burrow. <-- also used metaphorically, to expose, to cause to be made
public; to drive out, as if by smoke. -->
Smoke-dry
Smoke"-dry` (?), v. t. To dry by or in smoke.
Smokehouse
Smoke"house` (?), n. A building where meat or fish is cured by
subjecting it to a dense smoke.
Smokejack
Smoke"jack` (?), n. A contrivance for turning a spit by means of a fly
or wheel moved by the current of ascending air in a chimney.
Smokeless
Smoke"less, a. Making or having no smoke. "Smokeless towers." Pope.
Smoker
Smok"er (?), n.
1. One who dries or preserves by smoke.
2. One who smokes tobacco or the like.
3. A smoking car or compartment. [U. S.]
Smokestack
Smoke"stack` (?), n. A chimney; esp., a pipe serving as a chimney, as
the pipe which carries off the smoke of a locomotive, the funnel of a
steam vessel, etc.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1360
Smokily
Smok"i*ly (?), adv. In a smoky manner.
Smokiness
Smok"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being smoky.
Smoking
Smok"ing, a. & n. from Smoke. Smoking bean (Bot.), the long pod of the
catalpa, or Indian-bean tree, often smoked by boys as a substitute for
cigars. -- Smoking car, a railway car carriage reserved for the use of
passengers who smoke tobacco.
Smoky
Smok"y (?), a. [Compar. Smokier (?); superl. Smokiest.]
1. Emitting smoke, esp. in large quantities or in an offensive manner;
fumid; as, smoky fires.
2. Having the appearance or nature of smoke; as, a smoky fog.
"Unlustrous as the smoky light." Shak.
3. Filled with smoke, or with a vapor resembling smoke; thick; as, a
smoky atmosphere.
4. Subject to be filled with smoke from chimneys or fireplace; as, a
smoky house.
5. Tarnished with smoke; noisome with smoke; as, smoky rafters; smoky
cells.
6. Suspicious; open to suspicion. [Obs.] Foote.
Smoky quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz crystal of a pale to dark
smoky-brown color. See Quartz.
Smolder, Smoulder
Smol"der, Smoul"der (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Smoldered (?) or
Smouldered; p. pr. & vb. n. Smoldering or Smouldering.] [OE.
smolderen; cf. Prov. G. sm\'94len, smelen, D. smeulen. Cf. Smell.]
1. To burn and smoke without flame; to waste away by a slow and
supressed combustion.
The smoldering dust did round about him smoke. Spenser.
2. To exist in a state of suppressed or smothered activity; to burn
inwardly; as, a smoldering feud.
Smolder, Smoulder
Smol"der, Smoul"der, v. t. To smother; to suffocate; to choke. [Obs.]
Holinshed. Palsgrave.
Smolder, Smoulder
Smol"der, Smoul"der, n. Smoke; smother. [Obs.]
The smolder stops our nose with stench. Gascoigne.
Smoldering, Smouldering
Smol"der*ing, Smoul"der*ing, a. Being in a state of suppressed
activity; quiet but not dead.
Some evil chance Will make the smoldering scandal break and blaze.
Tennyson.
Smolderingness, Smoulderingness
Smol"der*ing*ness, Smoul"der*ing*ness (?), n. The state of smoldering.
Smoldry, Smouldry
Smol"dry, Smoul"dry (?), a. Smoldering; suffocating; smothery. [Obs.]
A flaming fire ymixt with smoldry smoke. Spenser.
Smolt
Smolt (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A young salmon two or three years old, when
it has acquired its silvery color.
Smooch
Smooch (?), v. t. See Smutch. <-- 2. To kiss; to neck; to pet. --> <--
Smooch, n. a kiss. -->
Smoor
Smoor (?), v. t. [AS. smorian; akin to D. & LG. smoren, G. schmoren to
stew. Cf. Smother.] To suffocate or smother. [Written also smore.]
[Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir T. More. Burns.
Smooth
Smooth (?), a. [Compar. Smoother (?); superl. Smoothest.] [OE. smothe,
smethe, AS. sm&emac;&edh;e, sm&oe;&edt;e, where &emac;, &oe;, come
from an older &omac;; cf. LG. sm\'94de, sm\'94e, sm\'94dig; of
uncertain origin.]
1. Having an even surface, or a surface so even that no roughness or
points can be perceived by the touch; not rough; as, smooth glass;
smooth porcelain. Chaucer.
The outlines must be smooth, imperceptible to the touch, and even,
without eminence or cavities. Dryden.
2. Evenly spread or arranged; sleek; as, smooth hair.
3. Gently flowing; moving equably; not ruffled or obstructed; as, a
smooth stream.
4. Flowing or uttered without check, obstruction, or hesitation; not
harsh; voluble; even; fluent.
The only smooth poet of those times. Milton.
Waller was smooth; but Dryden taught to join The varying verse, the
full-resounding line. Pope.
When sage Minerva rose, From her sweet lips smooth elocution flows.
Gay.
5. Bland; mild; smoothing; fattering.
This smooth discourse and mild behavior oft Conceal a traitor.
Addison.
6. (Mech. & Physics) Causing no resistance to a body sliding along its
surface; frictionless.
NOTE: &hand; Sm ooth is of ten us ed in th e fo rmation of
selfexplaining compounds; as, smooth-bodied, smooth-browed,
smooth-combed, smooth-faced, smooth-finished, smooth-gliding,
smooth-grained, smooth-leaved, smooth-sliding, smooth-speaking,
smooth-woven, and the like.
Syn. -- Even; plain; level; flat; polished; glossy; sleek; soft;
bland; mild; soothing; voluble; flattering; adulatory; deceptive.
Smooth
Smooth, adv. Smoothly. Chaucer.
Smooth runs the water where the brook is deep. Shak.
Smooth
Smooth, n.
1. The act of making smooth; a stroke which smooths. Thackeray.
2. That which is smooth; the smooth part of anything. "The smooth of
his neck." Gen. xxvii. 16.
Smooth
Smooth, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smoothed (sm&oomac;thd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Smoothing.] [OE. smothen, smethen, AS. sm&emac;&edh;ian; cf. LG.
sm\'94den. See Smooth, a.] To make smooth; to make even on the surface
by any means; as, to smooth a board with a plane; to smooth cloth with
an iron. Specifically: -- (a) To free from obstruction; to make easy.
Thou, Abelard! the last sad office pay, And smooth my passage to
the realms of day. Pope.
(b) To free from harshness; to make flowing.
In their motions harmony divine So smooths her charming tones that
God's own ear Listens delighted. Milton.
(c) To palliate; to gloze; as, to smooth over a fault. (d) To give a
smooth or calm appearance to.
Each perturbation smoothed with outward calm. Milton.
(e) To ease; to regulate. Dryden.
Smooth
Smooth, v. i. To flatter; to use blandishment.
Because I can not flatter and speak fair, Smile in men's faces,
smooth, deceive and cog. Shak.
Smoothbore
Smooth"bore` (?), a. (Gun.) Having a bore of perfectly smooth surface;
-- distinguished from rifled. -- n. A smoothbore firearm.
Smooth-chinned
Smooth"-chinned` (?), a. Having a smooth chin; beardless. Drayton.
Smoothen
Smooth"en (?), v. t. To make smooth. [Obs.]
Smoother
Smooth"er (?), n. One who, or that which, smooths.
Smoothing
Smooth"ing, a. & n. fr. Smooth, v. Smoothing iron, an iron instrument
with a polished face, for smoothing clothes; a sadiron; a flatiron. --
Smoothing plane, a short, finely set plane, for smoothing and
finishing work.
Smoothly
Smooth"ly, adv. In a smooth manner.
Smoothness
Smooth"ness, n. Quality or state of being smooth.
Smooth-spoken
Smooth"-spo`ken (?), a. Speaking smoothly; plausible; flattering;
smooth-tongued.
Smooth-tongued
Smooth"-tongued` (?), a. Having a smooth tongue; plausible;
flattering.
Smore
Smore (?), v. t. To smother. See Smoor. [Obs.]
Some dying vomit blood, and some were smored. Du Bartas.
Smorzando, Smorsato
Smor*zan"do (?), Smor*sa"to (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Growing gradually
fainter and softer; dying away; morendo.
Smote
Smote (?), imp. (AND rare p. p.) of Smite.
Smoterlich
Smo"ter*lich (?), a. [CF. Smut.] Dirty foul. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Smother
Smoth"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smothered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Smothering.] [OE. smotheren; akin to E. smoor. See Smoor.]
1. To destroy the life of by suffocation; to deprive of the air
necessary for life; to cover up closely so as to prevent breathing; to
suffocate; as, to smother a child.
2. To affect as by suffocation; to stife; to deprive of air by a thick
covering, as of ashes, of smoke, or the like; as, to smother a fire.
3. Hence, to repress the action of; to cover from public view; to
suppress; to conceal; as, to smother one's displeasure.
Smother
Smoth"er, v. i.
1. To be suffocated or stifled.
2. To burn slowly, without sufficient air; to smolder.
Smother
Smoth"er, n. [OE. smorther. See Smother, v. t.]
1. Stifling smoke; thick dust. Shak.
2. A state of suppression. [Obs.]
Not to keep their suspicions in smother. Bacon.
Smother fly (Zo\'94l.), an aphid.
Smotheriness
Smoth"er*i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being smothery.
Smotheringly
Smoth"er*ing*ly, adv. In a smothering manner.
Smothery
Smoth"er*y (?), a. Tending to smother; stifling.
Smouch
Smouch (?), v. t. [Akin to smack.] To kiss closely. [Obs.] P. Stubbes.
Smouch
Smouch, v. t. [See Smutch.] To smutch; to soil; as, to smouch the
face.
Smouch
Smouch, n. A dark soil or stain; a smutch.
Smoulder
Smoul"der (?), v. i. See Smolder.
Smouldry
Smoul"dry (?), a. See Smoldry.
Smudge
Smudge (?), n. [Cf. Dan. smuds smut, E. smutch, or smoke.]
1. A suffocating smoke. Grose.
2. A heap of damp combustibles partially ignited and burning slowly,
placed on the windward side of a house, tent, or the like, in order,
by the thick smoke, to keep off mosquitoes or other insects. [U. S.]
Bartlett.
3. That which is smeared upon anything; a stain; a blot; a smutch; a
smear. <-- smudge pot, a device containing combustibles which burns
smokily, used by farmers to inhibit damage to crops caused by frost.
-->
Smudge
Smudge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smudged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Smudging.]
1. To stifle or smother with smoke; to smoke by means of a smudge.
2. To smear; to smutch; to soil; to blacken with smoke.
Smudginess
Smudg"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being smudged, soiled, or
blurred. C. A. Young.
Smug
Smug (?), a. [Of. Scand. or Low German origin; cf. LG. smuck, G.
schmuck, Dan. smuk, OSw. smuck, sm\'94ck, and E. smock, smuggle; cf.
G. schmuck ornament. See Smock.] Studiously neat or nice, especially
in dress; spruce; affectedly precise; smooth and prim.
They be so smug and smooth. Robynson (More's Utopia).
The smug and scanty draperies of his style. De Quincey.
A young, smug, handsome holiness has no fellow. Beau & Fl.
Smug
Smug, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Smugging.] To
make smug, or spruce. [Obs.]
Thus said, he smugged his beard, and stroked up fair. Dryton.
Smuggle
Smug"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smuggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Smuggling (?).] [Of Low German or Scand. origin; cf. LG. smuggeln, D.
smokkelen, G. schmuggeln, Dan. smugle, Sw. smyga to introduce or
convey secretly, Dan. i smug secretly, D. smuigen to eat in secret,
AS. smgan to creep. See Smock.]
1. To import or export secretly, contrary to the law; to import or
export without paying the duties imposed by law; as, to smuggle lace.
2. Fig.: To convey or introduce clandestinely.
Smuggle
Smug"gle, v. i. To import or export in violation of the customs laws.
Smuggler
Smug"gler (?), n.
1. One who smuggles.
2. A vessel employed in smuggling.
Smugly
Smug"ly, adv. In a smug manner. [R.] Gay.
Smugness
Smug"ness, n. The quality or state of being smug.
Smut
Smut (?), n. [Akin to Sw. smuts, Dan. smuds, MHG. smuz, G. schmutz, D.
smet a spot or stain, smoddig, smodsig, smodderig, dirty, smodderen to
smut; and probably to E. smite. See Smite, v. t., and cf. Smitt,
Smutch.]
1. Foul matter, like soot or coal dust; also, a spot or soil made by
such matter.
2. (Mining) Bad, soft coal, containing much earthy matter, found in
the immediate locality of faults.
3. (Bot.) An affection of cereal grains producing a swelling which is
at length resolved into a powdery sooty mass. It is caused by
parasitic fungi of the genus Ustilago. Ustilago segetum, or U. Carbo,
is the commonest kind; that of Indian corn is Ustilago maydis.
4. Obscene language; ribaldry; obscenity.
He does not stand upon decency . . . but will talk smut, though a
priest and his mother be in the room. Addison.
Smut mill, a machine for cleansing grain from smut.
Smut
Smut (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Smutting.]
1. To stain or mark with smut; to blacken with coal, soot, or other
dirty substance.
2. To taint with mildew, as grain. Bacon.
3. To blacken; to sully or taint; to tarnish.
4. To clear of smut; as, to smut grain for the mill.
Smut
Smut, v. i.
1. To gather smut; to be converted into smut; to become smutted.
Mortimer.
2. To give off smut; to crock.
Smutch
Smutch (?), n. [Prob. for smuts. See Smut, n.] A stain; a dirty spot.
B. Jonson.
Smutch
Smutch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Smutched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Smutching.]
To blacken with smoke, soot, or coal. [Written also smooch.] B.
Jonson.
Smutchin
Smutch"in (?), n. Snuff. [Obs.] Howell.
Smutty
Smut"ty (?), a. [Compar. Smuttier (?); superl. Smuttiest.]
1. Soiled with smut; smutted.
2. Tainted with mildew; as, smutty corn.
3. Obscene; not modest or pure; as, a smutty saying.
The smutty joke, ridiculously lewd. Smollett.
-- Smut"ti*ly (#), adv. -- Smut"ti*ness, n.
Smyrniot
Smyr"ni*ot (?), a. Of or pertaining to Smyrna. -- n. A native or
inhabitant of Smyrna.
Snack
Snack (?), n. [See Snatch, v. t.]
1. A share; a part or portion; -- obsolete, except in the colloquial
phrase, to go snacks, i. e., to share.
At last he whispers, "Do, and we go snacks." Pope.
2. A slight, hasty repast. [Colloq.]
Snacket
Snack"et (?), n. See Snecket. [Prov. Eng.]
Snacot
Snac"ot (?), n. [Said to be corrupted fr. NL. syngnathus, fr. Gr. sy`n
together + gna`qos jaw, because the jaws can be only slightly
separated.] (Zo\'94l.) A pipefish of the genus Syngnathus. See
Pipefish.
Snaffle
Snaf"fle (?), n. [D. snavel a beak, bill, snout; akin to G. schnabel,
OHG. snabul,. sneb, snebbe, OFries. snavel mouth, Dan. & Sw. snabel
beak, bill, Lith. snapas, and to E. snap, v. See Snap, and cf. Neb.] A
kind of bridle bit, having a joint in the part to be placed in the
mouth, and rings and cheek pieces at the ends, but having no curb; --
called also snaffle bit.
Snaffle
Snaf"fle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snaffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snaffling
(?).] To put a snaffle in the mouth of; to subject to the snaffle; to
bridle.
Snag
Snag (?), n. [Prov. E., n., a lump on a tree where a branch has been
cut off; v., to cut off the twigs and small branches from a tree, of
Celtic origin; cf. Gael. snaigh, snaidh, to cut down, to prune, to
sharpen, p. p. snaighte, snaidhte, cut off, lopped, Ir. snaigh a
hewing, cutting.]
1. A stump or base of a branch that has been lopped off; a short
branch, or a sharp or rough branch; a knot; a protuberance.
The coat of arms Now on a naked snag in triumph borne. Dryden.
2. A tooth projecting beyond the rest; contemptuously, a broken or
decayed tooth. Prior.
3. A tree, or a branch of a tree, fixed in the bottom of a river or
other navigable water, and rising nearly or quite to the surface, by
which boats are sometimes pierced and sunk.
4. (Zo\'94l.) One of the secondary branches of an antler. <-- 5. Any
sharp protuberant part of an object, which may catch, scratch, or tear
other objects brought into contact with it. -->
Snag boat, a steamboat fitted with apparatus for removing snags and
other obstructions in navigable streams. [U.S.] -- Snag tooth. Same as
Snag, 2.
How thy snag teeth stand orderly, Like stakes which strut by the
water side. J. Cotgrave.
Snag
Snag, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snagging (?).]
1. To cut the snags or branches from, as the stem of a tree; to hew
roughly. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
2. To injure or destroy, as a steamboat or other vessel, by a snag, or
projecting part of a sunken tree. [U. S.] <-- 3. To catch on a
snag{5}. 4. (Fig.) To obtain by a quick action, as though by
snagging{3} something passing by; -- often used of an opportunistic or
fortunate action. -->
Snagged
Snag"ged (?), a. Full of snags; snaggy.
Snaggy
Snag"gy (?), a.
1. Full of snags; full of short, rough branches or sharp points;
abounding with knots. "Upon a snaggy oak." Spenser.
2. Snappish; cross; ill-tempered. [Prov. Eng.]
Snail
Snail (?), n. [OE. snaile, AS. sn, snegel, sn; akin to G. schnecke,
OHG. snecko, Dan. snegl, Icel. snigill.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of terrestrial
air-breathing gastropods belonging to the genus Helix and many allied
genera of the family Helicid\'91. They are abundant in nearly all
parts of the world except the arctic regions, and feed almost entirely
on vegetation; a land sanil. (b) Any gastropod having a general
resemblance to the true snails, including fresh-water and marine
species. See Pond snail, under Pond, and Sea snail.
2. Hence, a drone; a slow-moving person or thing.
3. (Mech.) A spiral cam, or a flat piece of metal of spirally curved
outline, used for giving motion to, or changing the position of,
another part, as the hammer tail of a striking clock.
4. A tortoise; in ancient warfare, a movable roof or shed to protect
besiegers; a testudo. [Obs.]
They had also all manner of gynes [engines] . . . that needful is
[in] taking or sieging of castle or of city, as snails, that was
naught else but hollow pavises and targets, under the which men,
when they fought, were heled [protected], . . . as the snail is in
his house; therefore they cleped them snails. Vegetius (Trans.).
5. (Bot.) The pod of the sanil clover.
Ear snail, Edible snail, Pond snail, etc. See under Ear, Edible, etc.
-- Snail borer (Zo\'94l.), a boring univalve mollusk; a drill. --
Snail clover (Bot.), a cloverlike plant (Medicago scuttellata, also,
M. Helix); -- so named from its pods, which resemble the shells of
snails; -- called also snail trefoil, snail medic, and beehive. --
Snail flower (Bot.), a leguminous plant (Phaseolus Caracalla) having
the keel of the carolla spirally coiled like a snail shell. -- Snail
shell (Zo\'94l.), the shell of snail. -- Snail trefoil. (Bot.) See
Snail clover, above.
Snailfish
Snail"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Sea snail (a).
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1361
Snail-like
Snail"-like` (?), a. Like or suiting a snail; as, snail-like progress.
Snail-like
Snail"-like`, adv. In the manner of a snail; slowly.
Snail-paced
Snail"-paced` (?), a. Slow-moving, like a snail.
Bid the snail-paced Ajax arm for shame. Shak.
'Snails
'Snails (?), interj. God's nails, or His nails, that is, the nails
with which the Savior was fastened to the cross; -- an ancient form of
oath, corresponding to 'Od's bodikins (dim. of body, i.e., God's dear
body). Beau & Fl.
Snake
Snake (?), n. [AS. snaca; akin to LG. snake, schnake, Icel. sn\'bekr,
sn, Dan. snog, Sw. snok; of uncertain origin.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species
of the order Ophidia; an ophidian; a serpent, whether harmless or
venomous. See Ophidia, and Serpent.
NOTE: &hand; Sn akes ar e ab undant in all warm countries, and much
the larger number are harmless to man.
Blind snake, Garter snake, Green snake, King snake, Milk snake, Rock
snake, Water snake, etc. See under Blind, Garter, etc. -- Fetich snake
(Zo\'94l.), a large African snake (Python Seb\'91) used by the natives
as a fetich. -- Ringed snake (Zo\'94l.), a common European columbrine
snake (Tropidonotus natrix). -- Snake eater. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The
markhoor. (b) The secretary bird. -- Snake fence, a worm fence (which
see). [U.S.] -- Snake fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of
neuropterous insects of the genus Rhaphidia; -- so called because of
their large head and elongated neck and prothorax. -- Snake gourd
(Bot.), a cucurbitaceous plant (Trichosanthes anguina) having the
fruit shorter and less snakelike than that of the serpent cucumber. --
Snake killer. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The secretary bird. (b) The chaparral
cock. -- Snake moss (Bot.), the common club moss (Lycopodium
clavatum). See Lycopodium. -- Snake nut (Bot.), the fruit of a
sapindaceous tree (Ophiocaryon paradoxum) of Guiana, the embryo of
which resembles a snake coiled up. -- Tree snake (Zo\'94l.), any one
of numerous species of colubrine snakes which habitually live in
trees, especially those of the genus Dendrophis and allied genera.
Snake
Snake, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snaking.]
1. To drag or draw, as a snake from a hole; -- often with out.
[Colloq. U.S.] Bartlett.
2. (Naut.) To wind round spirally, as a large rope with a smaller, or
with cord, the small rope lying in the spaces between the strands of
the large one; to worm.
Snake
Snake, v. i. To crawl like a snake.
Snakebird
Snake"bird` (?), n. [So named from its snakelike neck.] (Zo\'94l.)
1. Any one of four species of aquatic birds of the genus Anhinga or
Plotus. They are allied to the gannets and cormorants, but have very
long, slender, flexible necks, and sharp bills.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Am erican sp ecies (A nhinga, OR Plotus, anhinga)
inhabits the Southern United States and tropical America; -- called
also darter, and water turkey. The Asiatic species (A.
melanogaster) is native of Southern Asia and the East Indies. Two
other species inhabit Africa and Australia respectively.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The wryneck.
Snakefish
Snake"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The band fish. (b) The lizard fish.
Snakehead
Snake"head` (?), n.
1. A loose, bent-up end of one of the strap rails, or flat rails,
formerly used on American railroads. It was sometimes so bent by the
passage of a train as to slip over a wheel and pierce the bottom of a
car.
2. (Bot.) (a) The turtlehead. (b) The Guinea-hen flower. See
Snake's-head, and under Guinea.
Snakeneck
Snake"neck` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The snakebird, 1.
Snakeroot
Snake"root` (?), n. (Bot.) Any one of several plants of different
genera and species, most of which are (or were formerly) reputed to be
efficacious as remedies for the bites of serpents; also, the roots of
any of these.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Vi rginia sn akeroot is Aristolochia Serpentaria;
black snakeroot is Sanicula, esp. S. Marilandica, also Cimicifuga
racemosa; Seneca snakeroot is Polygala Senega; button snakeroot is
Liatris, also Eryngium; white snakeroot is Eupatorium ageratoides.
The name is also applied to some others besides these.
Snake's-head
Snake's"-head` (?), n. (Bot.) The Guinea-hen flower; -- so called in
England because its spotted petals resemble the scales of a snake's
head. Dr. Prior. Snake's-head iris (Bot.), an iridaceous plant
(Hermodactylus tuberosus) of the Mediterranean region. The flowers
slightly resemble a serpent's open mouth.
Snakestone
Snake"stone` (?), n.
1. A kind of hone slate or whetstone obtained in Scotland.
2. (Paleon.) An ammonite; -- so called from its form, which resembles
that of a coiled snake.
Snake's-tongue
Snake's-tongue` (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Adder's-tongue.
Snakeweed
Snake"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A kind of knotweed (Polygonum
Bistorta). (b) The Virginia snakeroot. See Snakeroot.
Snakewood
Snake"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) An East Indian climbing plant
(Strychnos colubrina) having a bitter taste, and supposed to be a
remedy for the bite of the hooded serpent. (b) An East Indian climbing
shrub (Ophioxylon serpentinum) which has the roots and stems twisted
so as to resemble serpents. (c) Same as Trumpetwood. (d) A tropical
American shrub (Plumieria rubra) which has very fragrant red blossoms.
(e) Same as Letterwood.
Snakish
Snak"ish (?), a. Having the qualities or characteristics of a snake;
snaky.
Snaky
Snak"y (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a snake or snakes; resembling a snake;
serpentine; winding.
The red light playing upon its gilt and carving gave it an
appearance of snaky life. L. Wallace.
2. Sly; cunning; insinuating; deceitful.
So to the coast of Jordan he directs His easy steps, girded with
snaky wiles. Milton.
3. Covered with serpents; having serpents; as, a snaky rod or wand.
Dryden.
That snaky-headed, Gorgon shield. Milton.
Snap
Snap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snapping.]
[LG. or D. snappen to snap up, to snatch; akin to G. schnappen, MHG.
snaben, Dan. snappe, and to D. snavel beak, bill. Cf. Neb, Snaffle,
n.]
1. To break at once; to break short, as substances that are brittle.
Breaks the doors open, snaps the locks. Prior.
2. To strike, to hit, or to shut, with a sharp sound.
3. To bite or seize suddenly, especially with the teeth.
He, by playing too often at the mouth of death, has been snapped by
it at last. South.
4. To break upon suddenly with sharp, angry words; to treat
snappishly; -- usually with up. Granville.
5. To crack; to cause to make a sharp, cracking noise; as, to snap a
whip.
MacMorian snapped his fingers repeatedly. Sir W. Scott.
6. To project with a snap.
To snap back (Football), to roll the ball back with the foot; -- done
only by the center rush, who thus delivers the ball to the quarter
back on his own side when both sides are ranged in line.<-- now passed
back with the hands, but still called "snap" --> -- To snap off. (a)
To break suddenly. (b) To bite off suddenly.
Snap
Snap, v. i.
1. To break short, or at once; to part asunder suddenly; as, a mast
snaps; a needle snaps.
But this weapon will snap short, unfaithful to the hand that
employs it. Burke.
2. To give forth, or produce, a sharp, cracking noise; to crack; as,
blazing firewood snaps.
3. To make an effort to bite; to aim to seize with the teeth; to catch
eagerly (at anything); -- often with at; as, a dog snapsat a
passenger; a fish snaps at the bait.
4. To utter sharp, harsh, angry words; -- often with at; as, to snap
at a child.<-- usu. impulsively and as a quick reaction to some
perceived provocation -->
5. To miss fire; as, the gun snapped.
Snap
Snap, n. [Cf. D. snap a snatching. See Snap, v. t.]
1. A sudden breaking or rupture of any substance.
2. A sudden, eager bite; a sudden seizing, or effort to seize, as with
the teeth.
3. A sudden, sharp motion or blow, as with the finger sprung from the
thumb, or the thumb from the finger.
4. A sharp, abrupt sound, as that made by the crack of a whip; as, the
snap of the trigger of a gun.
5. A greedy fellow. L'Estrange.
6. That which is, or may be, snapped up; something bitten off, seized,
or obtained by a single quick movement; hence, a bite, morsel, or
fragment; a scrap.
He's a nimble fellow, And alike skilled in every liberal science,
As having certain snaps of all. B. Jonson.
7. A sudden severe interval or spell; -- applied to the weather; as, a
cold snap. <-- but not a heat snap --> Lowell.
8. A small catch or fastening held or closed by means of a spring, or
one which closes with a snapping sound, as the catch of a bracelet,
necklace, clasp of a book, etc.
9. (Zo\'94l.) A snap beetle.
10. A thin, crisp cake, usually small, and flavored with ginger; --
used chiefly in the plural.
11. Briskness; vigor; energy; decision. [Colloq.]
12. Any circumstance out of which money may be made or an advantage
gained. [Slang] <-- (Footbale) The action of snapping the ball back,
from the center usu. to the quarterback, which commences the play
(down), and, if the clock had stopped, restarts the timer clock; snap
back. -->
Snap back (Football), the act of snapping back the ball. -- Snap
beetle, OR Snap bug (Zo\'94l.), any beetle of the family Elaterid\'91,
which, when laid on its back, is able to leap to a considerable height
by means of a thoracic spring; -- called also snapping beetle. -- Snap
flask (Molding), a flask for small work, having its sides separable
and held together by latches, so that the flask may be removed from
around the sand mold. -- Snap judgment, a judgment formed on the
instant without deliberation. -- Snap lock, a lock shutting with a
catch or snap. -- Snap riveting, riveting in which the rivets have
snapheads formed by a die or swaging tool. -- Snap shot, a quick
offhand shot, without deliberately taking aim.
Snapdragon
Snap"drag`on (?), n.
1. (Bot.) (a) Any plant of the scrrophulariaceous genus Antirrhinum,
especially the cultivated A. majus, whose showy flowers are fancifully
likened to the face of a dragon. (b) A West Indian herb (Ruellia
tuberosa) with curiously shaped blue flowers.
2. A play in which raisins are snatched from a vessel containing
burning brandy, and eaten; also, that which is so eaten. See
Flapdragon. Swift.
Snape
Snape (?), v. t. (Shipbuilding) To bevel the end of a timber to fit
against an inclined surface.
Snaphance
Snap"hance` (?), n. [D. snaphaan a gun, originally, the snapping cock
of a gun. See Snap, and Hen.]
1. A spring lock for discharging a firearm; also, the firearm to which
it is attached. [Obs.]
2. A trifling or second-rate thing or person. [Obs.]
Snaphead
Snap"head` (?), n. A hemispherical or rounded head to a rivet or bolt;
also, a swaging tool with a cavity in its face for forming such a
rounded head.
Snapper
Snap"per (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, snaps; as, a snapper up of trifles; the
snapper of a whip.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large sparoid food fishes
of the genus Lutjanus, abundant on the southern coasts of the United
States and on both coasts of tropical America.
NOTE: &hand; Th e red snapper (Lutjanus aya, OR Blackfordi) and the
gray, or mangrove, snapper (L. griseus) are large and abundant
species. The name is loosely applied to various other fishes, as
the bluefish, the rosefish, the red grouper, etc. See Rosefish.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A snapping turtle; as, the alligator snapper.
4. (Zo\'94l.) The green woodpecker, or yaffle.
5. (Zo\'94l.) A snap beetle.
Snapping
Snap"ping (?), a. & n. from Snap, v. Snapping beetle. (Zo\'94l.) See
Snap beetle, under Snap. -- Snapping turtle. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large
and voracious aquatic turtle (Chelydra serpentina) common in the fresh
waters of the United States; -- so called from its habit of seizing
its prey by a snap of its jaws. Called also mud turtle. (b) See
Alligator snapper, under Alligator.
Snappish
Snap"pish (?), a.
1. Apt to snap at persons or things; eager to bite; as, a snapping
cur.
2. Sharp in reply; apt to speak angrily or testily; easily provoked;
tart; peevish.
The taunting address of a snappish missanthrope. Jeffrey.
-- Snap"pish*ly, adv. -- Snap"pish*ness, n.
Snappy
Snap"py (?), a. Snappish. [Colloq.]
Snapsack
Snap"sack` (?), n. [Cf. Sw. snapps\'84ck, G. schnappsack.] A knapsack.
[Obs.] South.
Snapweed
Snap"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) See Impatiens.
Snar
Snar (?), v. i. [Akin to LG. & OD. snarren, G. schnarren, E. snore.
See Snore, and cf. Snarl to growl.] To snarl. [Obs.] Spenser.
Snare
Snare (?), n. [AS. sneara cord, a string; akin to D. snoer, G. schnur,
OHG. snour a cord, snarahha a noose, Dan. snare, Sw. & Icel. snara,
Goth. sn a basket; and probably also to E. needle. See Needle, and cf.
Snarl to entangle.]
1. A contrivance, often consisting of a noose of cord, or the like, by
which a bird or other animal may be entangled and caught; a trap; a
gin.
2. Hence, anything by which one is entangled and brought into trouble.
If thou retire, the Dauphin, well appointed, Stands with the snares
of war to tangle thee. Shak.
3. The gut or string stretched across the lower head of a drum.
4. (Med.) An instrument, consisting usually of a wireloop or noose,
for removing tumors, etc., by avulsion.
Snare drum, the smaller common military drum, as distinguished from
the bass drum; -- so called because (in order to render it more
resonant) it has stretched across its lower head a catgut string or
strings.
Snare
Snare, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snaring.] To
catch with a snare; to insnare; to entangle; hence, to bring into
unexpected evil, perplexity, or danger.
Lest that too heavenly form . . . snare them. Milton.
The mournful crocodile With sorrow snares relenting passengers.
Shak.
Snarer
Snar"er (?), n. One who lays snares, or entraps.
Snarl
Snarl (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snarled (?); p. pr. & vvb. n.
Snarling.] [Etymol. uncertain.] To form raised work upon the outer
surface of (thin metal ware) by the repercussion of a snarling iron
upon the inner surface.
Snarl
Snarl, v. t. [From Snare, v. t.]
1. To entangle; to complicate; to involve in knots; as, to snarl a
skein of thread. "Her snarled hair." Spenser.
2. To embarrass; to insnare.
[The] question that they would have snarled him with. Latimer.
Snarl
Snarl, n. A knot or complication of hair, thread, or the like,
difficult to disentangle; entanglement; hence, intricate complication;
embarrassing difficulty.
Snarl
Snarl, v. i. [From Snar.]
1. To growl, as an angry or surly dog; to gnarl; to utter grumbling
sounds. "An angry cur snarls while he feeds." Dryden & Lee.
2. To speak crossly; to talk in rude, surly terms.
It is malicious and unmanly to snarl at the little lapses of a pen,
from which Virgil himself stands not exempted. Dryden.
Snarl
Snarl, n. The act of snarling; a growl; a surly or peevish expression;
an angry contention.
Snarler
Snarl"er (?), n. One who snarls; a surly, growling animal; a
grumbling, quarrelsome fellow.
Snarler
Snarl"er, n. One who makes use of a snarling iron.
Snarling
Snarl"ing, a. & n. from Snarl, v. Snarling iron, a tool with a long
beak, used in the process of snarling. When one end is held in a vise,
and the shank is struck with a hammer, the repercussion of the other
end, or beak, within the article worked upon gives the requisite blow
for producing raised work. See 1st Snarl.
Snary
Snar"y (?), a. [From Snare.] Resembling, or consisting of, snares;
entangling; insidious.
Spiders in the vault their snary webs have spread. Dryden.
Snast
Snast (?), n. [Cf. Snite, v. t.] The snuff, or burnt wick, of a
candle. [Obs.] Bacon.
Snatch
Snatch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snatched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Snatching.] [OE. snachen, snechen; akin to D. snakken to gasp, to long
(for), to desire. Cf. Snack, n., Sneck.]
1. To take or seize hastily, abruptly, or without permission or
ceremony; as, to snatch a loaf or a kiss.
When half our knowledge we must snatch, not take. Pope.
2. To seize and transport away; to rap. "Snatch me to heaven."
Thomson. Syn. -- To twitch; pluck; grab; catch; grasp; gripe.
Snatch
Snatch, v. i. To attempt to seize something suddenly; to catch; --
often with at; as, to snatch at a rope.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1362
Snatch
Snatch (?), n.
1. A hasty catching or seizing; a grab; a catching at, or attempt to
seize, suddenly.
2. A short period of vigorous action; as, a snatch at weeding after a
shower. Tusser.
They move by fits and snatches. Bp. Wilkins.
3. A small piece, fragment, or quantity; a broken part; a scrap.
We have often little snatches of sunshine. Spectator.
Leave me your snatches, and yield me a direct answer. Shak.
Snatch block
Snatch block (Naut.), a kind of block with an opening in one side to
receive the bight of a rope.
Snatcher
Snatch"er (?), n. One who snatches, or takes abruptly.
Snatchingly
Snatch"ing*ly, adv. By snatching; abruptly.
Snatch
Snatch (?), n. [Cf. AS. sn\'c6 to cut, to mow, sn a bite, bit snip.]
The handle of a scythe; a snead. [Variously written in England snead,
sneed, sneath, sneeth, snathe, etc.; in Scotland written sned.]
Snathe
Snathe (?), v. t. [Cf. Icel. snei to cut into alices, sn\'c6 to cut;
akin to AS. besn, sn\'c6, G. schneiden, OHG. sn\'c6dan, Goth. snei to
cut, to reap, and E. snath, snithe.] To lop; to prune. [Prov. Eng.]
Snattock
Snat"tock (?), n. [See Snathe.] A chip; a alice. [Prov. Eng.] Gayton.
Snaw
Snaw (?), n. Snow. [Obs. or Scot.] Burns.
Snead
Snead (?), n. [See Snatch.]
1. A snath.
2. A line or cord; a string. [Prov. Eng.]
Sneak
Sneak (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sneaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sneaking.]
[OE. sniken, AS. sn\'c6can to creep; akin to Dan. snige sig; cf. Icel.
sn\'c6kja to hanker after.]
1. To creep or steal (away or about) privately; to come or go meanly,
as a person afraid or ashamed to be seen; as, to sneak away from
company. <-- ? imp. & p. p. "snuck" is more common now, but not even
mentioned here. In MW10, simply "sneaked or snuck" -->
You skulked behind the fence, and sneaked away. Dryden.
2. To act in a stealthy and cowardly manner; to behave with meanness
and servility; to crouch.
Sneak
Sneak, v. t. To hide, esp. in a mean or cowardly manner. [Obs.]
"[Slander] sneaks its head." Wake.
Sneak
Sneak, n.
1. A mean, sneaking fellow.
A set of simpletons and superstitious sneaks. Glanvill.
2. (Cricket) A ball bowled so as to roll along the ground; -- called
also grub. [Cant] R. A. Proctor.
Sneak-cup
Sneak"-cup` (?), n. One who sneaks from his cups; one who balks his
glass. [Obs.] Shak.
Sneaker
Sneak"er (?), n.
1. One who sneaks. Lamb.
2. A vessel of drink. [Prov. Eng.]
A sneaker of five gallons. Spectator.
<-- A type of soft shoe with a flat, pliable, typically rubber sole,
and canvas-like upper, used in sports or for comfort. -->
Sneakiness
Sneak"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being sneaky.
Sneaking
Sneak"ing, a. Marked by cowardly concealment; deficient in openness
and courage; underhand; mean; crouching. -- Sneak"ing*ly, adv. --
Sneak"ing*ness, n.
Sneaksby
Sneaks"by (?), n. A paltry fellow; a sneak. [Obs.] "Such a bashful
sneaksby." Barrow.
Sneaky
Sneak"y (?), n. Like a sneak; sneaking.
Sneap
Sneap (?), v. t. [Cf. Icel. sneypa to dishonor, disgrace, chide, but
also E. snip, and snub.]
1. To check; to reprimand; to rebuke; to chide. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
2. To nip; to blast; to blight. [Obs.]
Biron is like an envious, sneaping frost. Shak.
Sneap
Sneap, n. A reprimand; a rebuke. [Obs.]
My lord, I will not undergo this sneap without reply. Shak.
Sneath, Sneathe
Sneath (?), Sneathe (?), n. See Snath.
Sneb
Sneb (?), v. t. [See Snib.] To reprimand; to sneap. [Obs.] "Scold and
sneb the good oak." Spenser.
Sneck
Sneck (?), v. t. [See Snatch.] To fasten by a hatch; to latch, as a
door. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Sneck up, be silent; shut up; hold your
peace. <-- Obs or archaic? --> Shak.
Sneck
Sneck, n. A door latch. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Sneck band, a
latchstring. Burns. -- Sneck drawer, a latch lifter; a bolt drawer;
hence, a sly person; a cozener; a cheat; -- called also sneckdraw. --
Sneck drawing, lifting the latch.
Snecket
Sneck"et (?), n. A door latch, or sneck. [Prov. Eng.]
Sned
Sned (?), v. t. To lop; to snathe. [Prov. Eng.]
Sned, Sneed
Sned (?), Sneed (?), n. See Snath.
Sneer
Sneer (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sneered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sneering.]
[OE. sneren, Dan. sn to snarl or grin (like a dog); cf. Prov. E. sneer
to grin, sner to snort, snert to sneer at. See Snore, v. i.]
1. To show contempt by turning up the nose, or by a particular facial
expression.
2. To inssinuate contempt by a covert expression; to speak derisively.
I could be content to be a little sneared at. Pope.
3. To show mirth awkwardly. [R.] Tatler. Syn. -- To scoff; gibe; jeer.
-- Sneer, Scoff, Jeer. The verb to sneer implies to cast contempt
indirectly or by covert expressions. To jeer is stronger, and denotes
the use of several sarcastic reflections. To scoff is stronger still,
implying the use of insolent mockery and derision.
And sneers as learnedly as they, Like females o'er their morning
tea. Swift.
Midas, exposed to all their jeers, Had lost his art, and kept his
ears. Swift.
The fop, with learning at defiance, Scoffs at the pedant and
science. Gay.
Sneer
Sneer, v. t.
1. To utter with a grimace or contemptuous expression; to utter with a
sneer; to say sneeringly; as, to sneer fulsome lies at a person.
Congreve.
"A ship of fools," he sneered. Tennyson.
2. To treat with sneers; to affect or move by sneers.
Nor sneered nor bribed from virtue into shame. Savage.
Sneer
Sneer, n.
1. The act of sneering.
2. A smile, grin, or contortion of the face, indicative of contempt;
an indirect expression or insinuation of contempt. "Who can refute a
sneer?" Raley.
Sneerer
Sneer"er (?), n. One who sneers.
Sneerful
Sneer"ful (?), a. Given to sneering. [Obs.]
Sneeringly
Sneer"ing*ly, adv. In a sneering manner.
Sneeze
Sneeze (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sneezed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sneezing.] [OE. snesen; of uncertain origin; cf. D. snuse to sniff, E.
neese, and AS. fne\'a2san.] To emit air, chiefly through the nose,
audibly and violently, by a kind of involuntary convulsive force,
occasioned by irritation of the inner membrane of the nose. Not to be
sneezed at, not to be despised or contemned; not to be treated
lightly. [Colloq.] "He had to do with old women who were not to be
sneezed at." Prof. Wilson.
Sneeze
Sneeze, n. A sudden and violent ejection of air with an audible sound,
chiefly through the nose.
Sneezeweed
Sneeze"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A yellow-flowered composite plant
(Helenium autumnale) the odor of which is said to cause sneezing.
Sneezewood
Sneeze"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The wood of a South African tree. See
Neishout.
Sneezewort
Sneeze"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A European herbaceous plant (Achillea
Ptarmica) allied to the yarrow, having a strong, pungent smell.
Sneezing
Sneez"ing, n. (Physiol.) The act of violently forcing air out through
the nasal passages while the cavity of the mouth is shut off from the
pharynx by the approximation of the soft palate and the base of the
tongue.
Snell
Snell (?), a. [AS. snell; akin to D. snel, G. schnell, OHG. snel,
Icel. snjallr valiant.] Active; brisk; nimble; quick; sharp. [Archaic
or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
That horny-handed, snell, peremptory little man. Dr. J. Brown.
Snell
Snell, n. A short line of horsehair, gut, etc., by which a fishhook is
attached to a longer line.
Snet
Snet (?), n. [Cf. G. schnitt that which is cut, fr. schneiden to cut,
E. snath.] The fat of a deer. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Snet
Snet, v. t. [See Snot.] The clear of mucus; to blow. [Obs.] "Snetting
his nose." Holland.
Snew
Snew (?), v. i. To snow; to abound. [Obs.]
It snewed in his house of meat and drink. Chaucer.
Snib
Snib (?), v. t. [OE. snibben; cf. Dan. snibbe, and E. snub, v. t.] To
check; to sneap; to sneb. [Obs.]
Him would he snib sharply for the nones. Chaucer.
Snib
Snib, n. A reprimand; a snub. [Obs.] Marston.
Snick
Snick (?), n. [Prov. E. snick a notch; cf. Icel. snikka nick, cut.]
1. A small cut or mark.
2. (Cricket) A slight hit or tip of the ball, often unintentional.
3. (Fiber) A knot or irregularity in yarn. Knight.
4. (Furriery) A snip or cut, as in the hair of a beast.
Snick and snee [cf. D. snee, snede, a cut], a combat with knives.
[Obs.] Wiseman.
Snick
Snick, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snicked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snicking.]
1. To cut slightly; to strike, or strike off, as by cutting. H.
Kingsley.
2. (Cricket) To hit (a ball) lightly. R. A. Proctor.
Snick
Snick, n. & v. t. See Sneck. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Snick up, shut up;
silenced. See Sneck up, under Sneck.
Give him money, George, and let him go snick up. Beau & Fl.
Snicker
Snick"er (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snickered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Snickering.] [Cf. D. snikken to sob, to sigh.] [Written also snigger.]
1. To laugh slyly; to laugh in one's sleeve.
2. To laugh with audible catches of voice, as when persons attempt to
suppress loud laughter.
Snicker
Snick"er, n. A half suppressed, broken laugh. [Written also snigger.]
Snide
Snide (?), a. Tricky; deceptive; contemptible; as, a snide lawyer;
snide goods. [Slang]
Sniff
Sniff (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sniffed (?) or Snift; p. pr. & vb. n.
Sniffing.] [OE. sneven; akin to snivel, snuff; cf. Dan. snive to
sniff. See Snuff, v. t.] To draw air audibly up the nose; to snuff; --
sometimes done as a gesture of suspicion, offense, or contempt.
So ye grow squeamish, gods, and sniff at heaven. M. Arnold.
Sniff
Sniff, v. t.
1. To draw in with the breath through the nose; as, to sniff the air
of the country.
2. To perceive as by sniffing; to snuff, to scent; to smell; as, to
sniff danger.
Sniff
Sniff, n. The act of sniffing; perception by sniffing; that which is
taken by sniffing; as, a sniff of air.
Sniffing
Sniff"ing, n. (Physiol.) A rapid inspiratory act, in which the mouth
is kept shut and the air drawn in through the nose.
Sniffle
Snif"fle (?), v. i. [Freq. of sniff. See Snivel.] To snuffle, as one
does with a catarrh. [Prov. Eng.]
Snift
Snift (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Snifting.]
[From Sniff.]
1. To snort. [Obs.] "Resentment expressed by snifting." Johnson.
2. To sniff; to snuff; to smell.
It now appears that they were still snifing and hankering after
their old quarters. Landor.
Snift
Snift, n.
1. A moment. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
2. Slight snow; sleet. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Snifting
Snift"ing, a. & n. from Snift. Snifting valve, a small valve opening
into the atmosphere from the cylinder or condenser of a steam engine,
to allow the escape of air when the piston makes a stroke; -- so
called from the noise made by its action.
Snig
Snig (?), v. t. [See Snick a small cut.] To chop off; to cut. [Prov.
Eng.]
Snig
Snig, v. i. [See Sneak.] To sneak. [Prov. Eng.]
Snig, Snigg
Snig, Snigg, n. [Cf. Sneak.] (Zo\'94l.) A small eel. [Prov. Eng.]
Sniggger
Snigg"ger (?), v. i. See Snicker. Thackeray.
Snigger
Snig"ger, n. See Snicker. Dickens.
Sniggle
Snig"gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sniggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sniggling(?).] [See Snig a kind of eel.] To fish for eels by thrusting
the baited hook into their holes or hiding places. Walton.
Sniggle
Snig"gle, v. t. To catch, as an eel, by sniggling; hence, to hook; to
insnare. Beau & Fl.
Snip
Snip (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snipped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snipping.]
[D. snippen; akin to G. schnippen.] To cut off the nip or neb of, or
to cut off at once with shears or scissors; to clip off suddenly; to
nip; hence, to break off; to snatch away.
Curbed and snipped in my younger years by fear of my parents from
those vicious excrescences to which that age was subject. Fuller.
The captain seldom ordered anything out of the ship's stores . . .
but I snipped some of it for my own share. De Foe.
Snip
Snip (?), n.
1. A single cut, as with shears or scissors; a clip. Shak.
2. A small shred; a bit cut off. Wiseman.
3. A share; a snack. [Obs.] L'Estrange
4. A tailor. [Slang] Nares. C. Kingsley.
5. Small hand shears for cutting sheet metal.
Snipe
Snipe (?), n. [OE. snipe; akin to D. snep, snip, LG. sneppe, snippe,
G. schnepfe, Icel. sn\'c6pa (in comp.), Dan. sneppe, Sw. sn\'84ppa a
sanpiper, and possibly to E. snap. See Snap, Snaffle.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of limicoline game birds of
the family Scolopacid\'91, having a long, slender, nearly straight
beak.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon, or whole, snipe (Gallinago c&oe;lestis)
and the great, or double, snipe (G. major), are the most important
European species. The Wilson's snipe (G. delicata) (sometimes
erroneously called English snipe) and the gray snipe, or dowitcher
(Macrohamphus griseus), are well-known American species.
2. A fool; a blockhead. [R.] Shak.
Half snipe, the dunlin; the jacksnipe. -- Jack snipe. See Jacksnipe.
-- Quail snipe. See under Quail. -- Robin snipe, the knot. -- Sea
snipe. See in the Vocabulary. -- Shore snipe, any sandpiper. -- Snipe
hawk, the marsh harrier. [Prov. Eng.] -- Stone snipe, the tattler. --
Summer snipe, the dunlin; the green and the common European
sandpipers. -- Winter snipe. See Rock snipe, under Rock. -- Woodcock
snipe, the great snipe.
Snipebill
Snipe"bill` (?), n.
1. A plane for cutting deep grooves in moldings.
2. A bolt by which the body of a cart is fastened to the axle. [Local,
U.S.]
Snipefish
Snipe"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The bellows fish. (b) A long,
slender deep-sea fish (Nemichthys scolopaceus) with a slender beak.
Snippack
Snip"pack (?), n. [Cf. Snipe.] (Zo\'94l.) The common snipe. [Prov.
Eng.]
Snipper
Snip"per (?), n. One who snips.
Snipper-snaper
Snip"per-snap`er (?), n. A small, insignificant fellow. [Colloq.]
Snippet
Snip"pet (?), n. A small part or piece.
To be cut into snippets and shreds. F. Harrison.
Snippety
Snip"pet*y (?), a. Ridiculously small; petty. "Snippety facts." London
Spectator. <-- 2. short-tempered; snappish. --> <-- Snippy, adj.
snippety. -->
Snip-snap
Snip"-snap` (?), n. [Reduplication of snap.] A tart dialogue with
quick replies. [R.] Pope.
Snip-snap
Snip"-snap`, a. Quick; short; sharp; smart. Shak.
Snypy
Snyp"y (?), a. Like a snipe.
Snite
Snite (?), n. A snipe. [Obs. or Scot.] Carew.
Snite
Snite, v. t. [Icel. sn\'c6fa. See Snout.] To blow, as the nose; to
snuff, as a candle. [Obs. or Scot.]
Snithe, Snithy
Snithe (?), Snith"y (?), a. [AS. sn\'c6 to cut. See Snathe.] Sharp;
piercing; cutting; -- applied to the wind. [Prov. Eng.]
Snivel
Sniv"el (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sniveled (?) or Snivelled; p. pr. &
vb. n. Sniveling or Snivelling.] [OE. snivelen, snevelen, snuvelen,
freg. of sneven. See Sniff, and cf. Snuffle.]
1. To run at the nose; to make a snuffling noise.
2. To cry or whine with snuffling, as children; to cry weakly or
whiningly.
Put stop to thy sniveling ditty. Sir W. Scott.
Snivel
Sniv"el, n. [AS. snofel. Cf. Snivel, v. i.] Mucus from the nose; snot.
Sniveler
Sniv"el*er (?), n. [Written also sniveller.] One who snivels, esp. one
who snivels habitually.
Snively
Sniv"el*y (?), a. Running at the nose; sniveling pitiful; whining.
Snob
Snob (?), n. [Icel. sn\'bepr a dolt, impostor, charlatan. Cf. Snub.]
1. A vulgar person who affects to be better, richer, or more
fashionable, than he really is; a vulgar upstart; one who apes his
superiors. Thackeray.
Essentially vulgar, a snob. -- a gilded snob, but none the less a
snob. R. G. White.
2. (Eng. Univ.) A townsman. [Canf]
3. A journeyman shoemaker. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
4. A workman who accepts lower than the usual wages, or who refuses to
strike when his fellows do; a rat; a knobstick.
Those who work for lower wages during a strike are called snobs,
the men who stand out being "nobs" De Quincey.
<-- 5. One who adopts an offensive air of superiority to those he
considers as inferiors, esp. by avoiding or ignoring them. -->
Snobbery
Snob"ber*y (?), n. The quality of being snobbish; snobbishness.
Snobbish
Snob"bish (?), a. Of or pertaining to a snob; characteristic of, or
befitting, a snob; vulgarly pretentious. -- Snob"bish*ly, adv.
Snobbishness
Snob"bish*ness, n. Vulgar affectation or ostentation; mean admiration
of mean things; conduct or manners of a snob.
Snobbism
Snob"bism (?), n. Snobbery.
_________________________________________________________________
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Snobby
Snob"by (?), a. Snobbish. [R.] E. B. Ramsay.
Snobling
Snob"ling, n. A little snob. [Jocose] Thackeray.
Snobocracy
Snob*oc"ra*cy (?), n. [Snob + -cracy, as in aristocracy, mobocracy.]
Snobs, collectively. [Hybrid & Recent] C. Kingsley.
Snod
Snod (?), n. [See Snood.] A fillet; a headband; a snood. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]
Snod
Snod, a. [Scot. snod to prune, put in order.] Trimmed; smooth; neat;
trim; sly; cunning; demure. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Snoff
Snoff (?), n. [Cf. Snuff.] (Mining) A short candle end used for
igniting a fuse. Raymond.
Snood
Snood (?), n. [AS. sn. Cf. Snare.]
1. The fillet which binds the hair of a young unmarried woman, and is
emblematic of her maiden character. [Scot.]
And seldom was a snood amid Such wild, luxuriant ringlets hid. Sir
W. Scott.
2. A short line (often of horsehair) connecting a fishing line with
the hook; a snell; a leader.
Snood
Snood, v. t. To bind or braid up, as the hair, with a snood. [Scot.]
Snooded
Snood"ed, a. Wearing or having a snood. "The snooded daughter."
Whittier.
Snook
Snook (?), v. i. [Prov. E. snook to search out, to follow by the
scent; cf. Sw. snoka to lurk, LG. sn\'94ggen, snuckern, sn\'94kern, to
snuffle, to smell about, to search for.] To lurk; to lie in ambush.
[Obs.]
Snook
Snook, n. [D. snoek.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large perchlike marine food
fish (Centropomus undecimalis) found both on the Atlantic and Pacific
coasts of tropical America; -- called also ravallia, and robalo. (b)
The cobia. (c) The garfish.
Snooze
Snooze (?), n. [Scot. snooze to sleep; cf. Dan. & Sw. snus snuff.] A
short sleep; a nap. [Colloq.]
Snooze
Snooze, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snoozed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snoozing.] To
doze; to drowse; to take a short nap; to slumber. [Colloq.]
Snore
Snore (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snoring.]
[OE. snoren, AS. snora a snoring; akin to LG. snoren, snorken,
snurken, to snore, D. snorken, G. schnarchen to snore, schnarren to
rattle, MHG. snarren, Sw. snarka to snore, Icel. snarka to sputter,
fizzle. Cf. Snarl to growl, Sneer, Snort. See Snoring.] To breathe
with a rough, hoarse, nasal voice in sleep.
Snore
Snore, n. A harsh nasal noise made in sleep.
Snorer
Snor"er (?), n. One who snores.
Snoring
Snor"ing, n. (Physiol.) The act of respiring through the open mouth so
that the currents of inspired and expired air cause a vibration of the
uvula and soft palate, thus giving rise to a sound more or less harsh.
It is usually unvoluntary, but may be produced voluntarily.
Snort
Snort (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Snorting.]
[OE. snorten; akin to snoren. See Snore.]
1. To force the air with violence through the nose, so as to make a
noise, as do high-spirited horsed in prancing and play. Fairfax.
2. To snore. [R.] "The snorting citizens." Shak.
3. To laugh out loudly. [Colloq.] Halliwell.
Snort
Snort, n. The act of snorting; the sound produced in snorting.
Snort
Snort, v. t. To expel throught the nostrils with a snort; to utter
with a snort. Keats.
Snorter
Snort"er (?), n.
1. One who snorts.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The wheather; -- so called from its cry. [Prov. Eng.]
Snot
Snot (?), n. [AS. snot; akin to D. snot, LG. snotte, Dan. snot, and to
E. snout. See Snout.]
1. Mucus secreted in, or discharged from, the nose. [Low]
2. A mean, insignificant fellow. [Low]
Snot
Snot, v. t. To blow, wipe, or clear, as the nose.
Snotter
Snot"ter (?), v. i. [From Snot.] To snivel; to cry or whine. [Prov.
Eng.] Grose.
Snotter
Snot"ter, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Naut.) A rope going over a yardarm,
used to bend a tripping line to, in sending down topgallant and royal
yards in vessels of war; also, the short line supporting the heel of
the sprit in a small boat.
Snottery
Snot"ter*y (?), n. Filth; abomination. [Obs.]
To purge the snottery of our slimy time. Marston.
Snotty
Snot"ty (?), a. Foul with snot; hence, mean; dirty. -- Snort"ti*ly
(#), adb. -- Snot"ti*ness, n.
Snout
Snout (?), n. [OE. snoute, probably of Scand, or Low German origin;
cf. LG. snute, D. snuit, G. schnauze, Sw. snut, snyte, Dan. snude,
Icel. sn to blow the nose; probably akin to E. snuff, v.t. Cf. Snite,
Snot, Snuff.]
1. The long, projecting nose of a beast, as of swine.
2. The nose of a man; -- in contempt. Hudibras.
3. The nozzle of a pipe, hose, etc.
4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The anterior prolongation of the head of a
gastropod; -- called also rostrum. (b) The anterior prolongation of
the head of weevils and allied beetles.
Snout beetle (Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of beetles having an
elongated snout and belonging to the tribe Rhynchophora; a weevil. --
Snout moth (Zo\'94l.), any pyralid moth. See Pyralid.
Snout
Snout, v. t. To furnish with a nozzle or point.
Snouty
Snout"y (?), a. Resembling a beast's snout.
The nose was ugly, long, and big, Broad and snouty like a pig.
Otway.
Snow
Snow (?), n. [LG. snaue, or D. snaauw, from LG. snau a snout, a beak.]
(Naut.) A square-rigged vessel, differing from a brig only in that she
has a trysail mast close abaft the mainmast, on which a large trysail
is hoisted.
Snow
Snow, n. [OE. snow, snaw, AS. sn\'bew; akin to D. sneeuw, OS. & OHG.
sn&emac;o, G. schnee, Icel. sn&ae;r, snj&omac;r, snaj\'ber, Sw.
sn\'94, Dan. snee, Goth. snaiws, Lith. sn\'89gas, Russ. snieg', Ir. &
Gael. sneachd, W. nyf, L. nix, nivis, Gr. acc. ni`fa, also AS.
sn\'c6wan to snow, G. schneien, OHG. sn\'c6wan, Lith. snigti, L.
ningit it snows, Gr. ni`fei, Zend snizh to snow; cf. Skr. snih to be
wet or sticky. &root;172.]
1. Watery particles congealed into white or transparent crystals or
flakes in the air, and falling to the earth, exhibiting a great
variety of very beautiful and perfect forms.
NOTE: &hand; Sn ow is of ten used to form compounds, most of which
are of obvious meaning; as, snow-capped, snow-clad, snow-cold,
snow-crowned, snow-crust, snow-fed, snow-haired, snowlike,
snow-mantled, snow-nodding, snow-wrought, and the like.
2. Fig.: Something white like snow, as the white color (argent) in
heraldry; something which falls in, or as in, flakes.
The field of snow with eagle of black therein. Chaucer.
Red snow. See under Red. Snow bunting. (Zo\'94l.) See Snowbird, 1. --
Snow cock (Zo\'94l.), the snow pheasant. -- Snow flea (Zo\'94l.), a
small black leaping poduran (Achorutes nivicola) often found in winter
on the snow in vast numbers. -- Snow flood, a flood from melted snow.
-- Snow flower (Bot.), the fringe tree. -- Snow fly, OR Snow insect
(Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of neuropterous insects of the
genus Boreus. The male has rudimentary wings; the female is wingless.
These insects sometimes appear creeping and leaping on the snow in
great numbers. -- Snow gnat (Zo\'94l.), any wingless dipterous insect
of the genus Chionea found running on snow in winter. -- Snow goose
(Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of arctic geese of the genus
Chen. The common snow goose (Chen hyperborea), common in the Western
United States in winter, is white, with the tips of the wings black
and legs and bill red. Called also white brant, wavey, and Texas
goose. The blue, or blue-winged, snow goose (C. c\'d2rulescens) is
varied with grayish brown and bluish gray, with the wing quills black
and the head and upper part of the neck white. Called also white head,
white-headed goose, and bald brant. -- Snow leopard (Zool.), the
ounce. -- Snow line, lowest limit of perpetual snow. In the Alps this
is at an altitude of 9,000 feet, in the Andes, at the equator, 16,000
feet. -- Snow mouse (Zo\'94l.), a European vole (Arvicola nivalis)
which inhabits the Alps and other high mountains. -- Snow pheasant
(Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of large, handsome gallinaceous
birds of the genus Tetraogallus, native of the lofty mountains of
Asia. The Himalayn snow pheasant (T.Himalayensis) in the best-known
species. Called also snow cock, and snow chukor. -- Snow partridge.
(Zo\'94l.) See under Partridge. -- Snow pigeon (Zo\'94l.), a pigeon
(Columba leuconota) native of the Himalaya mountains. Its back, neck,
and rump are white, the top of the head and the ear coverts are black.
-- Snow plant (Bot.), a fleshy parasitic herb (Sarcodes sanguinea)
growing in the coniferous forests of California. It is all of a bright
red color, and is fabled to grow from the snow, through which it
sometimes shoots up.
Snow
Snow (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snowed (; p. pr. & vb. n. Snowing.] To
fall in or as snow; -- chiefly used impersonally; as, it snows; it
snowed yesterday.
Snow
Snow, v. t. To scatter like snow; to cover with, or as with, snow.
Donne. Shak.
Snowball
Snow"ball` (?), n.
1. A round mass of snow pressed or roller together, or anything
resembling such a mass.
2. (Bot.) The Guelder-rose.
Snowball tree (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. <-- a snowball's chance in
hell, [Colloq.] no chance; an infinitesimal chance. -->
Snowball
Snow"ball`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snowballed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Snowballing.] To pelt with snowballs; to throw snowballs at.
Snowball
Snow"ball`, v. i. To throw snowballs. <-- 2. To increase in magnitude
with accelerating momentum, achieving large proportions; -- by analogy
with a snowball rolling down a steep hill, causing a large snow slide.
-->
Snowberry
Snow"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) A name of several shrubs with white
berries; as, the Symphoricarpus racemosus of the Northern United
States, and the Chiococca racemosa of Florida and tropical America.
Creeping snowberry. (Bot.) See under Creeping.
Snowbird
Snow"bird (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An arctic finch (Plectrophenax, OR
Plectrophanes, nivalis) common, in winter, both in Europe and the
United States, and often appearing in large flocks during snowstorms.
It is partially white, but variously marked with chestnut and brown.
Called also snow bunting, snowflake, snowfleck, and snowflight. (b)
Any finch of the genus Junco which appears in flocks in winter time,
especially J. hyemalis in the Eastern United States; -- called also
blue snowbird. See Junco. (c) The fieldfare. [Prov. Eng.]
Snow-blind
Snow"-blind` (?), a. Affected with blindness by the brilliancy of
snow. -- Snow"-blind`ness, n.
Snow-bound
Snow"-bound` (?), a. Enveloped in, or confined by, snow. Whittier.
Snow-broth
Snow"-broth` (?), n. Snow and water mixed, or snow just melted; very
cold liquor. Shak.
Snowcap
Snow"cap` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A very small humming bird (Microch\'91ra
albocoronata) native of New Grenada.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fe athers of th e to p of the head are white and
snining, the body blue black with a purple and bronzy luster. The
name is applied also to Microch\'91ra parvirostris of Central
America, which is similar in color.
Snow-capped
Snow"-capped` (?), a. Having the top capped or covered with snow; as,
snow-capped mountains.
Snowdrift
Snow"drift` (?), n. A bank of drifted snow.
Snowdrop
Snow"drop` (?), n. (Bot.) A bulbous plant (Galanthus nivalis) bearing
white flowers, which often appear while the snow is on the ground. It
is cultivated in gardens for its beauty. Snowdrop tree. See
Silver-bell tree, under Silver, a.
Snowflake
Snow"flake` (?), n.
1. A flake, or small filmy mass, of snow.
2. (Zo\'94l.) See Snowbird, 1.
3. (Bot.) A name given to several bulbous plants of the genus Leucoium
(L. vernum, \'91stivum, etc.) resembling the snowdrop, but having all
the perianth leaves of equal size.
Snowfleck
Snow"fleck` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Snowbird, 1.
Snowl
Snowl (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hooded merganser. [Local, U.S.]
Snowless
Snow"less (?), a. Destitute of snow.
Snowplow, Snowplough
Snow"plow`, Snow"plough` (?), n. An implement operating like a plow,
but on a larger scale, for clearing away the snow from roads,
railways, etc.
Snowshed
Snow"shed (?), n. A shelter to protect from snow, esp. a long roof
over an exposed part of a railroad.
Snowshoe
Snow"shoe` (?), n. A slight frame of wood three or four feet long and
about one third as wide, with thongs or cords stretched across it, and
having a support and holder for the foot; -- used by persons for
walking on soft snow.
Snowshoer
Snow"sho`er (?), n. One who travels on snowshoes; an expert in using
snowshoes. W. G. Beers.
Snowshoeing
Snow"shoe`ing, n. Traveling on snowshoes.
Snowslip
Snow"slip` (?), n. A large mass or avalanche of snow which slips down
the side of a mountain, etc.
Snowstorm
Snow"storm` (?), n. A storm with falling snow.
Snow-white
Snow"-white` (?), a. White as snow; very white. "Snow-white and
rose-red" Chaucer.
Snowy
Snow"y (?), a.
1. White like snow. "So shows a snowy dove trooping with crows." Shak.
2. Abounding with snow; covered with snow. "The snowy top of cold
Olympus." Milton.
3. Fig.: Pure; unblemished; unstained; spotless.
There did he lose his snowy innocence. J. Hall (1646).
Snowy heron (Zo\'94l.), a white heron, or egret (Ardea candidissima),
found in the Southern United States, and southward to Chili; -- called
also plume bird. -- Snowy lemming (Zo\'94l.), the collared lemming
(Cuniculus torquatus), which turns white in winter. -- Snowy owl
(Zo\'94l.), a large arctic owl (Nyctea Scandiaca, or N. nivea) common
all over the northern parts of the United States and Europe in winter
time. Its plumage is sometimes nearly pure white, but it is usually
more or less marked with blackish spots. Called also white owl. --
Snowy plover (Zo\'94l.), a small plover (\'92gialitis nivosa) of the
western parts of the United States and Mexico. It is light gray above,
with the under parts and portions of the head white.
Snub
Snub (?), v. i. [Cf. D. snuiven to snort, to pant, G. schnauben, MHG.
sn&umac;ben, Prov. G. schnupfen, to sob, and E. snuff, v.t.] To sob
with convulsions. [Obs.] Bailey.
Snub
Snub, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snubbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snubbing.] [Cf.
Icel. ssnubba to snub, chide, Sw. snubba, Icel. snubb&omac;ttr
snubbed, nipped, and E. snib.]
1. To clip or break off the end of; to check or stunt the growth of;
to nop.
2. To check, stop, or rebuke, with a tart, sarcastic reply or remark;
to reprimand; to check. J. Foster.
3. To treat with contempt or neglect, as a forward or pretentious
person; to slight designedly.
To snub a cable OR rope (Naut.), to check it suddenly in running out.
Totten.
Snub
Snub, n.
1. A knot; a protuberance; a song. [Obs.]
[A club] with ragged snubs and knotty grain. Spenser.
2. A check or rebuke; an intended slight. J. Foster.
Snub nose, a short or flat nose. -- Snub post, OR Snubbing post
(Naut.), a post on a dock or shore, around which a rope is thrown to
check the motion of a vessel.
Snub-nosed
Snub"-nosed` (?), a. Having a short, flat nose, slightly turned up;
as, the snub-nosed eel. Snub-nosed cachalot (Zo\'94l.), the pygmy
sperm whale. <-- snub-nosed revolver, a revolver with a very short
barrel. -- -->
Snudge
Snudge (?), v. i. [Cf. Snug.] To lie snug or quiet. [Obs.] Herbert.
Snudge
Snudge, n. A miser; a sneaking fellow. [Obs.]
Snuff
Snuff (?), n. [Cf. G. schnuppe candle snuff, schnuppen to snuff a
candle (see Snuff, v. t., to snuff a candle), or cf. Snub, v. t.] The
part of a candle wick charred by the flame, whether burning or not.
If the burning snuff happens to get out of the snuffers, you have a
chance that it may fall into a dish of soup. Swift.
Snuff
Snuff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snuffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snuffing.]
[OE. snuffen. See Snuff of a candle Snuff to sniff.] To crop the snuff
of, as a candle; to take off the end of the snuff of. To snuff out, to
extinguish by snuffing.
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Snuff
Snuff (?), v. t.[Akin to D. snuffen, G. schnupfen, schnuppen, to
snuff, schnupfen a cold in the head, schnuppen to snuff (air), also,
to snuff (a candle). Cf. Sniff, Snout, Snub, v. i.]
1. To draw in, or to inhale, forcibly through the nose; to sniff.
He snuffs the wind, his heels the sand excite. Dryden.
2. To perceive by the nose; to scent; to smell.
Snuff
Snuff, v. i.
1. To inhale air through the nose with violence or with noise, as do
dogs and horses. Dryden.
2. To turn up the nose and inhale air, as an expression of contempt;
hence, to take offense.
Do the enemies of the church rage and snuff? Bp. Hall.
Snuff
Snuff, n.
1. The act of snuffing; perception by snuffing; a sniff.
2. Pulverized tobacco, etc., prepared to be taken into the nose; also,
the amount taken at once.
3. Resentment, displeasure, or contempt, expressed by a snuffing of
the nose. [Obs.]
Snuff dipping. See Dipping, n., 5. -- Snuff taker, one who uses snuff
by inhaling it through the nose. -- To take it in snuff, to be angry
or offended. Shak. -- Up to snuff, not likely to be imposed upon;
knowing; acute. [Slang]<-- also, competent, able to do [the task] -->
Snuffbox
Snuff"box` (?), n. A small box for carrying snuff about the person.
Snuffer
Snuff"er (?), n.
1. One who snuffs.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The common porpoise.
Snuffers
Snuff"ers (?), n. pl. An instrument for cropping and holding the snuff
of a candle.
Snuffingly
Snuff"ing*ly, adv. In a snuffing manner.
Snuffle
Snuf"fle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snuffled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Snuffling (?).] [Freq. of snuff, v.i.; akin to LG. snuffeln, G.
schn\'81ffeln, D. snuffeln, Dan. sn\'94vle. Cf. Sniffle.] To speak
through the nose; to breathe through the nose when it is obstructed,
so as to make a broken sound.
One clad in purple Eats, and recites some lamentable rhyme . . .
Snuffling at nose, and croaking in his throat. Dryden.
Snuffle
Snuf"fle, n.
1. The act of snuffing; a sound made by the air passing through the
nose when obstructed.
This dread sovereign, Breath, in its passage, gave a snort or
snuffle. Coleridge.
2. An affected nasal twang; hence, cant; hypocrisy.
3. pl. Obstruction of the nose by mucus; nasal catarrh of infants or
children. [Colloq.]
Snuffler
Snuf"fler (?), n. One who snuffles; one who uses cant.
Snuffy
Snuff"y (?), a.
1. Soiled with snuff.
2. Sulky; angry; vexed. [Obs. or Scot.] Jamieson.
Snug
Snug (?), a. [Compar. Snugger (?); superl. Snuggest (?).] [Prov. E.
snug tight, handsome; cf. Icel. sn\'94ggr smooth, ODan. sn\'94g neat,
Sw. snugg.]
1. Close and warm; as, an infant lies snug.
2. Close; concealed; not exposed to notice.
Lie snug, and hear what critics say. Swift.
3. Compact, convenient, and comfortable; as, a snug farm, house, or
property.
Snug
Snug, n. (Mach.) Same as Lug, n., 3.
Snug
Snug, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Snugged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Snugging(?).]
To lie close; to snuggle; to snudge; -- often with up, or together;
as, a child snugs up to its mother.
Snug
Snug, v. t.
1. To place snugly. [R.] Goldsmith.
2. To rub, as twine or rope, so as to make it smooth and improve the
finish.
Snuggery
Snug"ger*y (?), n.; pl. Snuggeries (. A snug, cozy place. [Colloq.]
Dickens.
Snuggle
Snug"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Snuggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Snuggling (?).] [Freq. of snug.] To move one way and the other so as
to get a close place; to lie close for comfort; to cuddle; to nestle.
Snugly
Snug"ly, adv. In a snug manner; closely; safely.
Snugness
Snug"ness, n. The quality or state of being snug.
Sny
Sny (?), n. [Cf. Icel. sn&umac;a to turn.] An upward bend in a piece
of timber; the sheer of a vessel.
Snying
Sny"ing, n. (Naut.) A curved plank, placed edgewise, to work in the
bows of a vessel. R. H. Dana, Jr.
So
So (?), adv. [OE. so, sa, swa, AS. sw\'be; akin to OFries, s\'be, s,
D. zoo, OS. & OHG. s, G. so, Icel. sv\'be, sv, svo, so, Sw. s, Dan.
saa, Goth. swa so, sw as; cf. L. suus one's own, Skr. sva one's own,
one's self. &root;192. Cf. As, Custom, Ethic, Idiom, Such.]
1. In that manner or degree; as, indicated (in any way), or as
implied, or as supposed to be known.
Why is his chariot so long in coming? Judges v. 28.
2. In like manner or degree; in the same way; thus; for like reason;
whith equal reason; -- used correlatively, following as, to denote
comparison or resemblance; sometimes, also, following inasmuch as.
As a war should be undertaken upon a just motive, so a prince ought
to consider the condition he is in. Swift.
3. In such manner; to such degree; -- used correlatively with as or
that following; as, he was so fortunate as to escape.
I viewed in may mind, so far as I was able, the beginning and
progress of a rising world. T. Burnet.
He is very much in Sir Roger's esteem, so that he lives in the
family rather as a relation than dependent. Addison.
4. Very; in a high degree; that is, in such a degree as can not well
be expressed; as, he is so good; he planned so wisely.
5. In the same manner; as has been stated or suggested; in this or
that condition or state; under these circumstances; in this way; --
with reflex reference to something just asserted or implied; used also
with the verb to be, as a predicate.
Use him [your tutor] with great respect yourself, and cause all
your family to do so too. Locke.
It concerns every man, with the greatest seriousness, to inquire
into those matters, whether they be so or not. Tillotson.
He is Sir Robert's son, and so art thou. Shak.
6. The case being such; therefore; on this account; for this reason;
on these terms; -- used both as an adverb and a conjuction.
God makes him in his own image an intellectual creature, and so
capable of dominion. Locke.
Here, then, exchange we mutually forgiveness; So may the guilt of
all my broken vows, My perjuries to thee, be all forgotten. Rowe.
7. It is well; let it be as it is, or let it come to pass; -- used to
express assent.
And when 't is writ, for my sake read it over, And if it please
you, so; if not, why, so. Shak.
There is Percy; if your father will do me any honor, so; if not,
let him kill the next Percy himself. Shak.
8. Well; the fact being as stated; -- used as an expletive; as, so the
work is done, is it?
9. Is it thus? do you mean what you say? -- with an upward tone; as,
do you say he refuses? So? [Colloq.]
10. About the number, time, or quantity specified; thereabouts; more
or less; as, I will spend a week or so in the country; I have read
only a page or so. <-- s.b. collocation "or so" -->
A week or so will probably reconcile us. Gay.
NOTE: &hand; See the Note under Ill, adv.
So . . . as. So is now commonly used as a demonstrative correlative of
as when it is the puprpose to emphasize the equality or comparison
suggested, esp. in negative assertions, and questions implying a
negative answer. By Shakespeare and others so . . . as was much used
where as . . . as is now common. See the Note under As, 1.
So do, as thou hast said. Gen. xviii. 5.
As a flower of the field, so he flourisheth. Ps. ciii. 15.
Had woman been so strong as men. Shak.
No country suffered so much as England. Macaulay.
-- So far, to that point or extent; in that particular. "The song was
moral, and so far was right." Cowper. -- So far forth, as far; to such
a degree. Shak. Bacon. -- So forth, further in the same or similar
manner; more of the same or a similar kind. See And so forth, under
And. -- So, so, well, well. "So, so, it works; now, mistress, sit you
fast." Dryden. Also, moderately or tolerably well; passably; as, he
succeeded but so so. "His leg is but so so." Shak. -- So that, to the
end that; in order that; with the effect or result that. -- So then,
thus then it is; therefore; the consequence is.
So
So (?), conj. Provided that; on condition that; in case that; if.<--
R. or archaic -->
Though all the winds of doctrine were let loose play upon the
earth, so truth be in the field, we do injuriously, by licensing
and prohibiting, to misdoubt her strength. Milton.
So
So, interj. Be as you are; stand still; stop; that will do; right as
you are; -- a word used esp. to cows; also used by sailors.
Soak
Soak (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Soaking.]
[OE. soken, AS. socian to sioak, steep, fr. s, s, to suck. See Suck.]
1. To cause or suffer to lie in a fluid till the substance has imbibed
what it can contain; to macerate in water or other liquid; to steep,
as for the purpose of softening or freshening; as, to soak cloth; to
soak bread; to soak salt meat, salt fish, or the like.
2. To drench; to wet thoroughly.
Their land shall be soaked with blood. Isa. xxiv. 7.
3. To draw in by the pores, or through small passages; as, a sponge
soaks up water; the skin soaks in moisture.
4. To make (its way) by entering pores or interstices; -- often with
through.
The rivulet beneath soaked its way obscurely through wreaths of
snow. Sir W. Scott.
5. Fig.: To absorb; to drain. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
Soak
Soak, v. i.
1. To lie steeping in water or other liquid; to become sturated; as,
let the cloth lie and soak.
2. To enter (into something) by pores or interstices; as, water soaks
into the earth or other porous matter.
3. To drink intemperately or gluttonously. [Slang]
Soakage
Soak"age (?), n. The act of soaking, or the state of being soaked;
also, the quantity that enters or issues by soaking.
Soaker
Soak"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, soaks.
2. A hard drinker. [Slang] South.
Soaking
Soak"ing, a. Wetting thoroughly; drenching; as, a soaking rain. --
Soak"ing*ly, adv.
Soaky
Soak"y (?), a. Full of moisture; wet; soppy.
Soal
Soal (?), n.
1. The sole of a shoe. [Obs. or R.]
2. (Zo\'94l.) See Sole, the fish. [Obs.]
Soal
Soal, n. [AS. sol mire. Cf. Sully.] A dirty pond. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Soam
Soam (?), n. A chain by which a leading horse draws a plow. Knight.
Soap
Soap (?), n. [OE. sope, AS. s\'bepe; akin to D. zeep, G. seife, OHG.
seifa, Icel. s\'bepa, Sw. s, Dan. s, and perhaps to AS. s\'c6pan to
drip, MHG. s\'c6fen, and L. sebum tallow. Cf. Saponaceous.] A
substance which dissolves in water, thus forming a lather, and is used
as a cleansing agent. Soap is produced by combining fats or oils with
alkalies or alkaline earths, usually by boiling, and consists of salts
of sodium, potassium, etc., with the fatty acids (oleic, stearic,
palmitic, etc.). See the Note below, and cf. Saponification. By
extension, any compound of similar composition or properties, whether
used as a cleaning agent or not.
NOTE: &hand; In ge neral, soaps are of two classes, hard and soft.
Calcium, magnesium, lead, etc., form soaps, but they are insoluble
and useless.
The purifying action of soap depends upon the fact that it is
decomposed by a large quantity of water into free alkali and an
insoluble acid salt. The first of these takes away the fatty dirt
on washing, and the latter forms the soap lather which envelops the
greasy matter and thus tends to remove it. Roscoe & Schorlemmer.
Castile soap, a fine-grained hard soap, white or mottled, made of
olive oil and soda; -- called also Marseilles, OR Venetian, soap. --
Hard soap, any one of a great variety of soaps, of different
ingredients and color, which are hard and compact. All solid soaps are
of this class. -- Lead soap, an insoluble, white, pliable soap made by
saponifying an oil (olive oil) with lead oxide; -- used externally in
medicine. Called also lead plaster, diachylon, etc. -- Marine soap.
See under Marine. -- Pills of soap (Med.), pills containing soap and
opium. -- Potash soap, any soap made with potash, esp. the soft soaps,
and a hard soap made from potash and castor oil. -- Pumice soap, any
hard soap charged with a gritty powder, as silica, alumina, powdered
pumice, etc., which assists mechanically in the removal of dirt. --
Resin soap, a yellow soap containing resin, -- used in bleaching. --
Silicated soap, a cheap soap containing water glass (sodium silicate).
-- Soap bark. (Bot.) See Quillaia bark. -- Soap bubble, a hollow
iridescent globe, formed by blowing a film of soap suds from a pipe;
figuratively, something attractive, but extremely unsubstantial.
This soap bubble of the metaphysicians. J. C. Shairp.
-- Soap cerate, a cerate formed of soap, olive oil, white wax, and the
subacetate of lead, sometimes used as an application to allay
inflammation. -- Soap fat, the refuse fat of kitchens, slaughter
houses, etc., used in making soap. -- Soap liniment (Med.), a liniment
containing soap, camphor, and alcohol. -- Soap nut, the hard kernel or
seed of the fruit of the soapberry tree, -- used for making beads,
buttons, etc. -- Soap plant (Bot.), one of several plants used in the
place of soap, as the Chlorogalum pomeridianum, a California plant,
the bulb of which, when stripped of its husk and rubbed on wet
clothes, makes a thick lather, and smells not unlike new brown soap.
It is called also soap apple, soap bulb, and soap weed. -- Soap tree.
(Bot.) Same as Soapberry tree. -- Soda soap, a soap containing a
sodium salt. The soda soaps are all hard soaps. -- Soft soap, a soap
of a gray or brownish yellow color, and of a slimy, jellylike
consistence, made from potash or the lye from wood ashes. It is
strongly alkaline and often contains glycerin, and is used in scouring
wood, in cleansing linen, in dyehouses, etc. Figuratively, flattery;
wheedling; blarney. [Colloq.] -- Toilet soap, hard soap for the
toilet, usually colored and perfumed.
Soap
Soap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soaped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Soaping.]
1. To rub or wash over with soap.
2. To flatter; to wheedle. [Slang]
Soapberry tree
Soap"ber`ry tree` (?). (Bot.) Any tree of the genus Sapindus, esp.
Sapindus saponaria, the fleshy part of whose fruit is used instead of
soap in washing linen; -- also called soap tree.
Soapfish
Soap"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any serranoid fish of the genus
Rhypticus; -- so called from the soapy feeling of its skin.
Soapiness
Soap"i*ness (?), n. Quality or state of being soapy.
Soaproot
Soap"root` (?), n. (Bot.) A perennial herb (Gypsophila Struthium) the
root of which is used in Spain as a substitute for soap.
Soapstone
Soap"stone` (?), n. See Steatite, and Talc.
Soapsuds
Soap"suds` (?), n. pl. Suds made with soap.
Soapwort
Soap"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A common plant (Saponaria officinalis) of
the Pink family; -- so called because its bruised leaves, when
agitated in water, produce a lather like that from soap. Called also
Bouncing Bet.
Soapy
Soap"y (?), a. [Compar. Soapier (?); superl. Soapiest.]
1. Resembling soap; having the qualities of, or feeling like, soap;
soft and smooth.
2. Smeared with soap; covered with soap.
Soar
Soar (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Soared (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Soaring.]
[F. s'essorer to soar, essorer to dry (by exposing to the air), fr. L.
ex out + aura the air, a breeze; akin to Gr.
1. To fly aloft, as a bird; to mount upward on wings, or as on wings.
Chaucer.
When soars Gaul's vulture with his wings unfurled. Byron.
2. Fig.: To rise in thought, spirits, or imagination; to be exalted in
mood.
Where the deep transported mind may soar. Milton.
Valor soars above What the world calls misfortune. Addison.
Soar
Soar, n. The act of soaring; upward flight.
This apparent soar of the hooded falcon. Coleridge.
Soar
Soar, a. See 3d Sore. [Obs.]
Soar
Soar, a. See Sore, reddish brown. Soar falcon. (Zo\'94l.) See Sore
falcon, under Sore.
Soaring
Soar"ing, a. & n. from Soar. -- Soar"ing*ly, adv.
Soave
So*a"ve (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Sweet.
Soavemente
So*a`ve*men"te (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) Sweetly.
Sob
Sob (?), v. t. [See Sop.] To soak. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Sob
Sob, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sobbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sobbing.] [OE.
sobben; akin to AS. se\'a2fian, si\'a2fian, to complain, bewail,
se\'a2fung, si\'a2fung, sobbing, lamentation; cf. OHG. s, s, to sigh,
MHG. siuften, siufzen, G. seufzen, MHG. s a sigh, properly, a drawing
in of breath, from s to drink, OHG. s. Cf. Sup.] To sigh with a sudden
heaving of the breast, or with a kind of convulsive motion; to sigh
with tears, and with a convulsive drawing in of the breath.
Sobbing is the same thing [as sighing], stronger. Bacon.
She sighed, she sobbed, and, furious with despair. She rent her
garments, and she tore her hair. Dryden.
Sob
Sob, n.
1. The act of sobbing; a convulsive sigh, or inspiration of the
breath, as in sorrow.
Break, heart, or choke with sobs my hated breath. Dryden.
2. Any sorrowful cry or sound.
The tremulous sob of the complaining owl. Wordsworth.
Sobbing
Sob"bing (?), n. A series of short, convulsive inspirations, the
glottis being suddenly closed so that little or no air enters into the
lungs. <-- a less intense form of crying -->
Sober
Sober (?), a. [Compar. Soberer (?); superl. Soberest.] [OE. sobre, F.
sobre, from L. sobrius, probably from a prefix so- expressing
separation + ebrius drunken. Cf. Ebriety.]
1. Temperate in the use of spirituous liquors; habitually temperate;
as, a sober man.
That we may hereafter live a godly, righteous, and sober life, to
the glory of Thy holy name. Bk. of Com. Prayer.
2. Not intoxicated or excited by spirituous liquors; as, the sot may
at times be sober.
3. Not mad or insane; not wild, visionary, or heated with passion;
exercising cool, dispassionate reason; self-controlled;
self-possessed.
There was not a sober person to be had; all was tempestuous and
blustering. Druden.
No sober man would put himself into danger for the applause of
escaping without breaking his neck. Dryden.
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4. Not proceeding from, or attended with, passion; calm; as, sober
judgment; a man in his sober senses.
5. Serious or subdued in demeanor, habit, appearance, or color;
solemn; grave; sedate.
What parts gay France from sober Spain? Prior.
See her sober over a sampler, or gay over a jointed baby. Pope.
Twilight gray Had in her sober livery all things clad. Milton.
Syn. -- Grave; temperate; abstinent; abstemious; moderate; regular;
steady; calm; quiet; cool; collected; dispassionate; unimpassioned;
sedate; staid; serious; solemn; somber. See Grave.
Sober
So"ber (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sobered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sobering.] To make sober.
There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain, And drinking largely
sobers us again. Pope.
Sober
So"ber, v. i. To become sober; -- often with down.
Vance gradually sobered down. Ld. Lytton.
Soberize
So"ber*ize (?), v. t. & i. To sober. [R.] Crabbe.
Soberly
So"ber*ly, adv. In a sober manner; temperately; cooly; calmly;
gravely; seriously.
Soberly
So"ber*ly, a. Grave; serious; solemn; sad. [Obs.]
[He] looked hollow and thereto soberly. Chaucer.
Sober-minded
So"ber-mind`ed (?), a. Having a disposition or temper habitually
sober. -- So"ber-mind`ed*ness, n.
Soberness
So"ber*ness, n. The quality or state of being sober.
Soboles
Sob"o*les (?), n. [L., a short.] (Bot.) (a) A shoot running along
under ground, forming new plants at short distances. (b) A sucker,
as of tree or shrub.
Soboliferous
Sob`o*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. soboles + -ferous.] (Bot.) Producing
soboles. See Illust. of Houseleek.
Sobriety
So*bri"e*ty (?), n. [L. sobrietas: cf. F. sobri\'82t\'82. See
Sober.]
1. Habitual soberness or temperance as to the use of spirituous
liquors; as, a man of sobriety.
Public sobriety is a relative duty. Blackstone.
2. Habitual freedom from enthusiasm, inordinate passion, or
overheated imagination; calmness; coolness; gravity; seriousness;
as, the sobriety of riper years.
Mirth makes them not mad, Nor sobriety sad. Denham.
Syn. -- Soberness; temperance; abstinence; abstemiousness;
moderation; regularity; steadness; calmness; coolness;
sober-mindeness; sedateness; staidness; gravity; seriousness;
solemnity.
Sobriquet
So`bri`quet" (s&osl;`br&esl;`k&asl;"), n.[F. sobriquet, OF.
soubzbriquet, soubriquet, a chuck under the chin, hence, an
affront, a nickname; of uncertain origin; cf. It. sottobecco a
chuck under the chin.] An assumed name; a fanciful epithet or
appellation; a nickname. [Sometimes less correctly written
soubriquet.]
Soc
Soc (s&ocr;k), n. [AS. s<0mac/c the power of holding court, sway,
domain, properly, the right of investigating or seeking; akin to E.
sake, seek. Sake, Seek, and cf. Sac, and Soke.] [Written also sock,
and soke.]
1. (O. Eng. Law) (a) The lord's power or privilege of holding a
court in a district, as in manor or lordship; jurisdiction of
causes, and the limits of that jurisdiction. (b) Liberty or
privilege of tenants excused from customary burdens.
2. An exclusive privilege formerly claimed by millers of grrinding
all the corn used within the manor or township which the mill
stands. [Eng.]
Soc and sac (O. Eng. Law), the full right of administering justice in
a manor or lordship.
Socage
Soc"age (?), n.[From Soc; cf. LL. socagium.] (O.Eng. Law) A tenure of
lands and tenements by a certain or determinate service; a tenure
distinct from chivalry or knight's service, in which the obligations
were uncertain. The service must be certain, in order to be
denominated socage, as to hold by fealty and twenty shillings rent.
[Written also soccage.]
NOTE: &hand; So cage is of tw o ki nds; fr ee so cage, wh ere the
services are not only certain, but honorable; and villein socage,
where the services, though certain, are of a baser nature.
Blackstone.
Socager
Soc"a*ger (?), n. (O. Eng. Law) A tennant by socage; a socman.
So-called
So"-called` (?), a. So named; called by such a name (but perhaps
called thus with doubtful propriety).
Sociability
So`cia*bil"i*ty (?), n.[Cf. F. sociabilit\'82.] The quality of being
sociable; sociableness.
SSociable
SSo"cia*ble (?), a.[F., fr. L. sociabilis, fr. sociare to associate,
fr. socius a companion. See Social.]
1. Capable of being, or fit to be, united in one body or company;
associable. [R.]
They are sociable parts united into one body. Hooker.
2. Inclined to, or adapted for, society; ready to unite with others;
fond of companions; social.
Society is no comfort to one not sociable. Shak.
What can be uneasy to this sociable creature than the dry, pensive
retirements of solitude? South.
3. Ready to converse; inclined to talk with others; not taciturn or
reserved.
4. Affording opportunites for conversation; characterized by much
conversation; as, a sociable party.
5. No longer hostile; friendly. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.
Sociable bird, OR Sociable weaver (Zo\'94l.), a weaver bird which
builds composite nests. See Republican, n., 3. (b). Syn. -- Social;
companionable; conversible; friendly; familiar; communicative;
accessible.
Sociable
So"cia*ble, n.
1. A gathering of people for social purposes; an informal party or
reception; as, a church sociable. [Colloq. U. S.]
2. A carriage having two double seats facing each other, and a box for
the driver. Miss Edgeworth.
Sociableness
So"cia*ble*ness, n. The quality of being sociable.
Sociably
So"cia*bly, adv. In a sociable manner.
Social
So"cial (?), a. [L. socialis, from socius a companion; akin to sequi
to follow: cf. F. social. See Sue to follow.]
1. Of or pertaining to society; relating to men living in society, or
to the public as an aggregate body; as, social interest or concerns;
social pleasure; social benefits; social happiness; social duties.
"Social phenomena." J. S. Mill.
2. Ready or disposed to mix in friendly converse; companionable;
sociable; as, a social person.
3. Consisting in union or mutual intercourse.
Best with thyself accompanied, seek'st not Social communication.
Milton.
4. (Bot.) Naturally growing in groups or masses; -- said of many
individual plants of the same species.
5. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Living in communities consisting of males, females,
and neuters, as do ants and most bees. (b) Forming compound groups or
colonies by budding from basal processes or stolons; as, the social
ascidians.
Social science, the science of all that relates to the social
condition, the relations and institutions which are involved in man's
existence and his well-being as a member of an organized community;
sociology. It concerns itself with questions of the public health,
education, labor, punishment of crime, reformation of criminals, and
the like. -- Social whale (Zo\'94l.), the blackfish. -- The social
evil, prostitution. Syn. -- Sociable; companionable; conversible;
friendly; familiar; communicative; convival; festive.
Socialism
So"cial*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. socialisme.] A theory or system of social
reform which contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a
more just and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular
usage, the term is often employed to indicate any lawless,
revolutionary social scheme. See Communism, Fourierism,
Saint-Simonianism, forms of socialism.
[Socialism] was first applied in England to Owen's theory of social
reconstruction, and in France to those also of St. Simon and
Fourier . . . The word, however, is used with a great variety of
meaning, . . . even by economists and learned critics. The general
tendency is to regard as socialistic any interference undertaken by
society on behalf of the poor, . . . radical social reform which
disturbs the present system of private property . . . The tendency
of the present socialism is more and more to ally itself with the
most advanced democracy. Encyc. Brit.
We certainly want a true history of socialism, meaning by that a
history of every systematic attempt to provide a new social
existence for the mass of the workers. F. Harrison.
Socialist
So"cial*ist, n. [Cf. F. socialiste.] One who advocates or practices
the doctrines of socialism.
Socialist, Socialistic
So"cial*ist, So`cial*is"tic, a. Pertaining to, or of the nature of,
socialism.
Sociality
So`ci*al"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. socialist\'82, L. socialitas.] The
quality of being social; socialness.
Socialize
So"cial*ize (?), v. t.
1. To render social.
2. To subject to, or regulate by, socialism.
Socially
So"cial*ly, adv. In a social manner; sociably.
Socialness
So"cial*ness, n. The quality or state of being social.
Sociate
So"ci*ate (?), a. [L. sociatus, p. p. of sociare to associate, fr.
socius companion.] Associated. [Obs.]
Sociate
So"ci*ate, n. An associate. [Obs.]
As for you, Dr. Reynolds, and your sociates. Fuller.
Sociate
So"ci*ate (?), v. i. To associate. [Obs.] Shelford.
Societarian
So*ci`e*ta"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to society; social.
The all-sweeping besom of societarian reformation. Lamb.
Societary
So*ci"e*ta*ry (?), a. Societarian. [R.]
Society
So*ci"e*ty (?), n.; pl. Societies (#). [L. societas, fr. socius a
companion: cf. F. soci\'82t\'82. See Social.]
1. The relationship of men to one another when associated in any way;
companionship; fellowship; company. "Her loved society." Milton.
There is society where none intrudes By the deep sea, and music in
its roar. Byron.
2. Connection; participation; partnership. [R.]
The meanest of the people and such as have the least society with
the acts and crimes of kings. Jer. Taylor.
3. A number of persons associated for any temporary or permanent
object; an association for mutual or joint usefulness, pleasure, or
profit; a social union; a partnership; as, a missionary society.
4. The persons, collectively considered, who live in any region or at
any period; any community of individuals who are united together by a
common bond of nearness or intercourse; those who recognize each other
as associates, friends, and acquaintances.
5. Specifically, the more cultivated portion of any community in its
social relations and influences; those who mutually give receive
formal entertainments.
Society of Jesus. See Jesuit. -- Society verses [a translation of F.
vers de soci\'82t\'82], the lightest kind of lyrical poetry; verses
for the amusement of polite society.
Socinian
So*cin"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Socinus, or the Socinians.
Socinian
So*cin"i*an, n. One of the followers of Socinus; a believer in
Socinianism.
Socinianism
So*cin"i*an*ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The tenets or doctrines of
Faustus Socinus, an Italian theologian of the sixteenth century, who
denied the Trinity, the deity of Christ, the personality of the Devil,
the native and total depravity of man, the vicarious atonement, and
the eternity of future punishment. His theory was, that Christ was a
man divinely commissioned, who had no existence before he was
conceived by the Virgin Mary; that human sin was the imitation of
Adam's sin, and that human salvation was the imitation and adoption of
Christ's virtue; that the Bible was to be interpreted by human reason;
and that its language was metaphorical, and not to be taken literally.
Socinianize
So*cin"i*an*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Socinianized (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Socinianizing (?).] To cause to conform to Socinianism; to
regulate by, or imbue with, the principles of Socinianism.
Sociologic, Sociological
So`ci*o*log"ic (?), So`ci*o*log"ic*al (?) a. Of or pertaining to
sociology, or social science. -- So`ci*o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Sociologist
So`ci*ol"o*gist (?), n. One who treats of, or devotes himself to, the
study of sociology. J. S. Mill.
Sociology
So`ci*ol"o*gy (?), n. [L. socius a companion + -logy.] That branch of
philosophy which treats of the constitution, phenomena, and
development of human society; social science. H. Spencer.
Sock
Sock (?), n. [F. soc, LL. soccus, perhaps of Celtic origin.] A
plowshare. Edin. Encyc.
Sock
Sock, n. [OE. sock, AS. socc, fr. L. soccus a kind of low-heeled,
light shoe. Cf. Sucket.]
1. The shoe worn by actors of comedy in ancient Greece and Rome, --
used as a sumbol of comedy, of the comic drams, as distinguished from
tragedy, which is symbolized by the buskin.
Great Fletcher never treads in buskin here, Nor greater Jonson
dares in socks appear. Dryden.
2. A knit or woven covering for the foot and lower leg; a stocking
with a short leg.
3. A warm inner sole for a shoe. Simmonds.
Sockdolager
Sock*dol"a*ger (?), n. [A corruption of doxology.] [Written also
sockdologer.]
1. That which finishes or ends a matter; a settler; a poser, as a
heavy blow, a conclusive answer, and the like. [Slang, U.S.]
2. (Angling) A combination of two hooks which close upon each other,
by means of a spring, as soon as the fish bites. [U. S.]
Socket
Sock"et (?), n. [OE. soket, a dim. through OF. fr. L. soccus. See Sock
a covering for the foot.]
1. An opening into which anything is fitted; any hollow thing or place
which receives and holds something else; as, the sockets of the teeth.
His eyeballs in their hollow sockets sink. Dryden.
2. Especially, the hollow tube or place in which a candle is fixed in
the candlestick.
And in the sockets oily bubbles dance. Dryden.
Socket bolt (Mach.), a bolt that passes through a thimble that is
placed between the parts connected by the bolt. -- Socket chisel. Same
as Framing chisel. See under Framing. -- Socket pipe, a pipe with an
expansion at one end to receive the end of a connecting pipe. --
Socket pole, a pole armed with iron fixed on by means of a socket, and
used to propel boats, etc. [U.S.] -- Socket wrench, a wrench
consisting of a socket at the end of a shank or rod, for turning a
nut, bolthead, etc., in a narrow or deep recess.
Socketed
Sock"et*ed (?), a. Having a socket. Dawkins.
Sockless
Sock"less, a. Destitute of socks or shoes. B. & Fl.
Socky
Sock"y (?), a. Wet; soaky. [Prov. Eng.]
Socle
So"cle (?), n. [F., fr. L. socculus, dim. of soccus. See Sock a
covering for the foot. Cf. Zocco.] (Arch.) (a) A plain block or plinth
forming a low pedestal; any base; especially, the base of a statue,
column, or the like. See Plinth. (b) A plain face or plinth at the
lower part of a wall. Oxf. Gloss.
Socman
Soc"man (?), n.; pl. Socmen (#). [See Socage.] (O. Eng. Law) One who
holds lands or tenements by socage; a socager. Cowell.
Socmanry
Soc"man*ry (?), n. (O.E. Law) Tenure by socage.
Socome
Soc"ome (?), n. [AS. s&omac;cen, s&omac;cn, searching, or the right of
searching, the lord's court. See Soc.] (O.Eng. Law) A custom of
tenants to grind corn at the lord's mill. Cowell.
Socotrine
Soc"o*trine (?), a. Of or pertaining to Socotra, an island in the
Indian Ocean, on the east coast of Africa. -- n. A native or
inhabitant of Socotra.
Socratic, Socratical
So*crat"ic (?), So*crat"ic*al (?), a. [L. Socraticus, Gr. Of or
pertaining to Socrates, the Grecian sage and teacher. (b. c. 469-399),
or to his manner of teaching and philosophizing.
NOTE: &hand; Th e So cratic method of reasoning and instruction was
by a series of questions leading the one to whom they were
addressed to perceive and admit what was true or false in doctrine,
or right or wrong in conduct.
Socratically
So*crat"ic*al*ly, adv. In the Socratic method.
Socratism
Soc"ra*tism (?), n. The philosophy or the method of Socrates.
Socratist
Soc"ra*tist (?), n. [Gr. A disciple or follower of Socrates.
Sod
Sod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The rock dove. [Prov. Eng.]
Sod
Sod, obs. imp. of Seethe.
Sod
Sod, n. [Akin to LG. sode, D. zode, OD. sode, soode, OFries. satha,
and E. seethe. So named from its sodden state in wet weather. See
Seethe.] That stratum of the surface of the soil which is filled with
the roots of grass, or any portion of that surface; turf; sward.
She there shall dress a sweeter sod Than Fancy's feet have ever
trod. Collins.
Sod
Sod, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sodden; p. pr. & vb. n. Sodding.] To cover
with sod; to turf.
Soda
So"da (?), n. [It., soda, in OIt., ashes used in making glass, fr. L.
solida, fem. of solidus solid; solida having probably been a name of
glasswort. See Solid.] (Chem.) (a) Sodium oxide or hydroxide. (b)
Popularly, sodium carbonate or bicarbonate. Caustic soda, sodium
hydroxide. -- Cooking soda, sodium bicarbonate. [Colloq.] -- Sal soda.
See Sodium carbonate, under Sodium. -- Soda alum (Min.), a mineral
consisting of the hydrous sulphate of alumina and soda. -- Soda ash,
crude sodium carbonate; -- so called because formerly obtained from
the ashes of sea plants and certain other plants, as saltwort
(Salsola). See under Sodium. -- Soda fountain, an apparatus for
drawing soda water, fitted with delivery tube, faucets, etc. -- Soda
lye, a lye consisting essentially of a solution of sodium hydroxide,
used in soap making. -- Soda niter. See Nitratine. -- Soda salts,
salts having sodium for the base; specifically, sodium sulphate or
Glauber's salts. -- Soda waste, the waste material, consisting chiefly
of calcium hydroxide and sulphide, which accumulates as a useless
residue or side product in the ordinary Leblanc process of soda
manufacture; -- called also alkali waste. -- Soda water, originally, a
beverage consisting of a weak solution of sodium bicarbonate, with
some acid to cause effervescence; now, in common usage, a beverage
consisting of water highly charged with carbon dioxide (carbonic
acid). Fruit sirups, cream, etc., are usually added to give flavor.
See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic. -- Washing soda, sodium carbonate.
[Colloq.]
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Sodaic
So*da"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or containing, soda. "Sodaic powder."
Ure.
Sodalite
So"da*lite (?), n. [Soda + -lite: cf. F. sodalithe.] (Min.) A mineral
of a white to blue or gray color, occuring commonly in dodecahedrons,
also massive. It is a silicate of alumina and soda with some chlorine.
Sodality
So*dal"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Sodalities (#). [L. sodalitas, fr. sodalis a
comrade.]
1. A fellowship or fraternity; a brotherhood.
2. (R.C.Ch.) Specifically, a lay association for devotion or for
charitable purposes.
Sodamide
Sod*am"ide (?), n. (Chem.) A greenish or reddish crystalline
substance, NaNH2, obtained by passing ammonia over heated sodium.
Sodden
Sod"den (?), a. [p. p. of Seethe.] Boiled; seethed; also, soaked;
heavy with moisture; saturated; as, sodden beef; sodden bread; sodden
fields.
Sodden
Sod"den, v. i. To be seethed; to become sodden.
Sodden
Sod"den, v. t. To soak; to make heavy with water.
Sodden-witted
Sod"den-wit`ted (?), a. Heavy; dull. Shak.
Soddy
Sod"dy (?), a. [From Sod.] Consisting of sod; covered with sod; turfy.
Cotgrave.
Soder
Sod"er (?), n. & v. t. See Solder.
Sodic
So"dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to sodium; containing sodium.
Sodio-
So"di*o- (?). (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively)
denoting the presence of sodium or one of its compounds.
Sodium
So"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr.E. soda.] (Chem.) A common metallic element
of the alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common
salt, in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable
metal, so readily oxidized that it combines violently with water, and
to be preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid.
Sodium is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer,
and as a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium)
is an important commercial product. Symbol Na (Natrium). Atomic weight
23. Specific gravity 0.97. Sodium amalgam, an alloy of sodium and
mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance,
which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise. -- Sodium
bicarbonate, a white crystalline substance, HNaCO3, with a slight
alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. It is found in
many mineral springs and also produced artificially,. It is used in
cookery, in baking powders, and as a source of carbonic acid gas
(carbon dioxide) for soda water. Called also cooking soda, saleratus,
and technically, acid sodium carbonate, primary sodium carbonate,
sodium dicarbonate, etc. -- Sodium carbonate, a white crystalline
substance, Na2CO3.10H2O, having a cooling alkaline taste, found in the
ashes of many plants, and produced artifically in large quantities
from common salt. It is used in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and
as alkaline agent in many chemical industries. Called also sal soda,
washing soda, or soda. Cf. Sodium bicarbonate, above and Trona. Sodium
chloride, common, or table, salt, NaCl. -- Sodium hydroxide, a white
opaque brittle solid, NaOH, having a fibrous structure, produced by
the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of lime), on
sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the
manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also
sodium hydrate, and caustic soda. By extension, a solution of sodium
hydroxide.
Sodomite
Sod"om*ite (?), n.
1. An inhabitant of Sodom.
2. One guilty of sodomy.
Sodomitical
Sod`om*it"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, sodomy. --
Sod`om*it"ic*al*ly, adv.
Sodomy
Sod"om*y (?), n. [From Sodom. a country mentioned in the Bible: cf. F.
sodomite.] Carnal copulation in a manner against nature; buggery. Gen.
xix. 5. <-- can we be more explicit? -->
Soe
Soe (?), n. [Scot. sae, say, saye; cf. Icel. s\'ber a large cask, Sw.
s a tub.] A large wooden vessel for holding water; a cowl. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] Dr. H. More.
Soever
So*ev"er (?). A word compounded of so and ever, used in composition
with who, what, where, when, how, etc., and indicating any out of all
possible or supposable persons, things, places, times, ways, etc. It
is sometimes used separate from the pronoun or adverb.
For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required.
Luke xii. 48.
What great thing soever a man proposed to do in his life, he should
think of achieving it by fifty. Sir W. Temple.
Sofa
So"fa (?), n.; pl. Sofas (#). [Ar. soffah, from saffa to dispose in
order: cf. F. sofa, It.sof\'85.] A long seat, usually with a cushioned
bottom, back, and ends; -- much used as a comfortable piece of
furniture.
Let fall the curtains, wheel the sofa round. Cowper.
Sofa bed, a sofa so contrived that it may be extended to form a bed;
-- called also sofa bedstead.
Soffit
Sof"fit (?), n. [It. soffitta, soffitto, fr. soffiggere to hide,
properly, to fix or fasten under, L. suffigere to fasten beneath or
below; sub under, beneath + figere to fix, faste: cf. F. soffite.]
(Arch.) The under side of the subordinate parts and members of
buildings, such as staircases, entablatures, archways, cornices, or
the like. See Illust. of Lintel.
Sofi
So"fi (?), n.; pl. Sofis (. Same as Sufi.
Sofism
So"fism (?), n. Same as Sufism.
Soft
Soft (?), a. [Compar. Softer (?); superl. Softest.] [OE. softe, AS. s,
properly adv. of s, adj.; akin to OS. s\'befto, adv., D. zacht, OHG.
samfto, adv., semfti, adj., G. sanft, LG. sacht; of uncertain origin.]
1. Easily yielding to pressure; easily impressed, molded, or cut; not
firm in resisting; impressible; yielding; also, malleable; -- opposed
to hard; as, a soft bed; a soft peach; soft earth; soft wood or metal.
2. Not rough, rugged, or harsh to the touch; smooth; delicate; fine;
as, soft silk; a soft skin.
They that wear soft clothing are in king's houses. Matt. xi. 8.
3. Hence, agreeable to feel, taste, or inhale; not irritating to the
tissues; as, a soft liniment; soft wines. "The soft, delicious air."
Milton.
4. Not harsh or offensive to the sight; not glaring; pleasing to the
eye; not exciting by intensity of color or violent contrast; as, soft
hues or tints.
The sun, shining upon the upper part of the clouds . . . made the
softest lights imaginable. Sir T. Browne.
5. Not harsh or rough in sound; gentle and pleasing to the ear;
flowing; as, soft whispers of music.
Her voice was ever soft, Gentle, and low, -- an excellent thing in
woman. Shak.
Soft were my numbers; who could take offense? Pope.
6. Easily yielding; susceptible to influence; flexible; gentle; kind.
I would to God my heart were flint, like Edward's; Or Edward's soft
and pitiful, like mine. Shak.
The meek or soft shall inherit the earth. Tyndale.
7. Expressing gentleness, tenderness, or the like; mild; conciliatory;
courteous; kind; as, soft eyes.
A soft answer turneth away wrath. Prov. xv. 1.
A face with gladness overspread, Soft smiles, by human kindness
bred. Wordsworth.
8. Effeminate; not courageous or manly, weak.
A longing after sensual pleasures is a dissolution of the spirit of
a man, and makes it loose, soft, and wandering. Jer. Taylor.
9. Gentle in action or motion; easy.
On her soft axle, white she paces even, And bears thee soft with
the smooth air along. Milton.
10. Weak in character; impressible.
The deceiver soon found this soft place of Adam's. Glanvill.
11. Somewhat weak in intellect. [Colloq.]
He made soft fellows stark noddies, and such as were foolish quite
mad. Burton.
12. Quiet; undisturbed; paceful; as, soft slumbers.
13. Having, or consisting of, a gentle curve or curves; not angular or
abrupt; as, soft outlines.
14. Not tinged with mineral salts; adapted to decompose soap; as, soft
water is the best for washing.
15. (Phonetics) (a) Applied to a palatal, a sibilant, or a dental
consonant (as g in gem, c in cent, etc.) as distinguished from a
guttural mute (as g in go, c in cone, etc.); -- opposed to hard. (b)
Belonging to the class of sonant elements as distinguished from the
surd, and considered as involving less force in utterance; as, b, d,
g, z, v, etc., in contrast with p, t, k, s, f, etc.
Soft clam (Zo\'94l.), the common or long clam (Mya arenaria). See Mya.
-- Soft coal, bituminous coal, as distinguished from anthracite, or
hard, coal. -- Soft crab (Zo\'94l.), any crab which has recently shed
its shell. -- Soft dorsal (Zo\'94l.), the posterior part of the dorsal
fin of fishes when supported by soft rays. -- Soft grass. (Bot.) See
Velvet grass. -- Soft money, paper money, as distinguished from coin,
or hard money. [Colloq. U.S.] -- Soft mute. (Phonetics) See Media. --
Soft palate. See the Note under Palate. -- Soft ray (Zo\'94l.), a fin
ray which is articulated and usually branched. -- Soft soap. See under
Soap. -- Soft-tack, leavened bread, as distinguished from hard-tack,
or ship bread. -- Soft tortoise (Zo\'94l.), any river tortoise of the
genus Trionyx. See Trionyx.
Soft
Soft (?), n. A soft or foolish person; an idiot. [Colloq.] G. Eliot.
Soft
Soft, adv. Softly; without roughness or harshness; gently; quietly.
Chaucer.
A knight soft riding toward them. Spenser.
Soft
Soft, interj. Be quiet; hold; stop; not so fast.<-- archaic or obs.
-->
Soft, you; a word or two before you go. Shak.
Softa
Sof"ta (?), n. [Corruption of Per. s one who burns, is ardent or
zealous.] Any one attached to a Mohammedan mosque, esp. a student of
the higher branches of theology in a mosque school. [Written also
sophta.]
Soften
Sof"ten (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Softened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Softening.] To make soft or more soft. Specifically: -- (a) To render
less hard; -- said of matter.
Their arrow's point they soften in the flame. Gay.
(b) To mollify; to make less fierce or intractable.
Diffidence conciliates the proud, and softens the severe. Rambler.
(c) To palliate; to represent as less enormous; as, to soften a fault.
(d) To compose; to mitigate; to assuage.
Music can soften pain to ease. Pope.
(e) To make calm and placid.
All that cheers or softens life. Pope.
(f) To make less harsh, less rude, less offensive, or less violent, or
to render of an opposite quality.
He bore his great commision in his look, But tempered awe, and
softened all he spoke. Dryden.
(g) To make less glaring; to tone down; as, to soften the coloring of
a picture. (h) To make tender; to make effeminate; to enervate; as,
troops softened by luxury. <-- weaken --> (i) To make less harsh or
grating, or of a quality the opposite; as, to soften the voice.
Soften
Sof"ten, v. i. To become soft or softened, or less rude, harsh,
severe, or obdurate.
Softener
Sof"ten*er (?), n. One who, or that which, softens. [Written also,
less properly, softner.] <-- Water softener, a device which exchanges
sodium ions for polyvalent metal cations in water, thus converting the
"hard" mineral-containing water into "soft" water. This treatment
renders the water more usable for washing, as the polyvalent cations
interfere with the detergent action of soaps. -->
Softening
Sof"ten*ing, a. & n. from Soften, v. Softening of the brain, OR
Cerebral softening (Med.), a localized softening of the brain
substance, due to hemorrhage or inflammation. Three varieties,
distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the
morbid process, are known respectively as red, yellow, and white,
softening.
Soft-finned
Soft"-finned` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the fin rays cartilaginous or
flexible; without spines; -- said of certain fishes.
Soft-headed
Soft"-head`ed (?), a. Weak in intellect.
Soft-hearted
Soft"-heart`ed (?), a. Having softness or tenderness of heart;
susceptible of pity or other kindly affection; gentle; meek. --
Soft"-heart`ed*ness, n.
Softish
Soft"ish (?), a. Somewhat soft. De Witt Clinton.
Softling
Soft"ling (?), n. A soft, effeminate person; a voluptuary. [R.] Bp.
Woolton. .
Softly
Soft"ly, adv. In a soft manner.
Softner
Soft"ner (?), n. See Softener.
Softness
Soft"ness (?), n. [AS. s, s.] The quality or state of being soft; --
opposed to hardness, and used in the various specific senses of the
adjective.
Soft-shell, Soft-shelled
Soft"-shell` (?), Soft"-shelled` (?), a. Having a soft or fragile
shell. Soft-shell clam (Zo\'94l.), the long clam. See Mya. --
Soft-shelled crab. (Zo\'94l.) See the Note under Crab, 1. --
Soft-shelled turtle. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Soft tortoise, under Soft.
Soft-spoken
Soft"-spo`ken (?), a. Speaking softly; having a mild or gentle voice;
hence, mild; affable.
Sogginess
Sog"gi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being soggy; soddenness;
wetness.
Soggy
Sog"gy (?), a. [Compar. Soggier (?); superl. Soggiest.] [Cf. Icel.
s\'94ggr damp, wet, or E. soak.] Filled with water; soft with
moisture; sodden; soaked; wet; as, soggy land or timber.
Soho
So*ho" (?), interj. Ho; -- a word used in calling from a distant
place; a sportsman's halloo. Shak.
Soi-disant
Soi`-di`sant" (?), a. [F.] Calling himself; self-styled; pretended;
would-be.
Soil
Soil (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Soiling.]
[OF. saoler, saouler, to satiate, F. so\'96ler, L. satullare, fr.
satullus, dim. of satur sated. See Satire.] To feed, as cattle or
horses, in the barn or an inclosure, with fresh grass or green food
cut for them, instead of sending them out to pasture; hence (such food
having the effect of purging them), to purge by feeding on green food;
as, to soil a horse.
Soil
Soil, n. [OE. soile, F. sol, fr. L. solum bottom, soil; but the word
has probably been influenced in form by soil a miry place. Cf. Saloon,
Soil a miry place, Sole of the foot.]
1. The upper stratum of the earth; the mold, or that compound
substance which furnishes nutriment to plants, or which is
particularly adapted to support and nourish them.
2. Land; country.
Must I thus leave thee, Paradise? thus leave Thee, native soil?
Milton.
3. Dung; f\'91ces; compost; manure; as, night soil.
Improve land by dung and other sort of soils. Mortimer.
Soil pipe, a pipe or drain for carrying off night soil.
Soil
Soil, v. t. To enrich with soil or muck; to manure.
Men . . . soil their ground, not that they love the dirt, but that
they expect a crop. South.
Soil
Soil, n. [OF. soil, souil, F. souille, from OF. soillier, F. souiller.
See Soil to make dirty.] A marshy or miry place to which a hunted boar
resorts for refuge; hence, a wet place, stream, or tract of water,
sought for by other game, as deer.
As deer, being stuck, fly through many soils, Yet still the shaft
sticks fast. Marston.
To take soil, to run into the mire or water; hence, to take refuge or
shelter.
O, sir, have you taken soil here? It is well a man may reach you
after three hours' running. B. Jonson.
Soil
Soil, v. t.[OE. soilen, OF. soillier, F. souiller, (assumed) LL.
suculare, fr. L. sucula a little pig, dim. of sus a swine. See Sow,
n.]
1. To make dirty or unclean on the surface; to foul; to dirty; to
defile; as, to soil a garment with dust.
Our wonted ornaments now soiled and stained. Milton.
2. To stain or mar, as with infamy or disgrace; to tarnish; to sully.
Shak. Syn. -- To foul; dirt; dirty; begrime; bemire; bespatter;
besmear; daub; bedaub; stain; tarnish; sully; defile; pollute.
Soil
Soil, v. i. To become soiled; as, light colors soil sooner than dark
ones.
Soil
Soil, n. [See Soil to make dirty, Soil a miry place.] That which soils
or pollutes; a soiled place; spot; stain.
A lady's honor . . . will not bear a soil. Dryden.
Soiliness
Soil"i*ness (?), n. Stain; foulness. [R.] Bacon.
Soilless
Soil"less, a. Destitute of soil or mold.
Soilure
Soil"ure (?), n. [OF. soillure, F. souillure. See Soil to make dirty.]
Stain; pollution. Shak.
Then fearing rust or soilure, fashioned for it A case of silk.
Tennyson.
Soily
Soil"y (?), a. Dirty; soiled. [Obs.] Fuller.
Soiree
Soi`ree" (?), n. [F., fr. soir evening, fr. L. serus late, serum late
time. Cf. Serenade.] An evening party; -- distinguished from levee,
and matin\'82e.
Soja
So"ja (s&omac;"j&adot; OR s&omac;"y&adot;), n. (Bot.) An Asiatic
leguminous herb (Glycine Soja) the seeds of which are used in
preparing the sauce called soy.<-- also soya. The beans are called soy
beans. -->
Sojourn
So"journ (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sojourned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sojourning.] [OE. sojornen, sojournen, OF. sojorner, sejorner, F.
s\'82journer, fr. L. sub under, about + diurnus belonging to the day.
See Journal, Diurnal.] To dwell for a time; to dwell or live in a
place as a temporary resident or as a stranger, not considering the
place as a permanent habitation; to delay; to tarry.
Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there. Gen. xii. 30.
Home he goeth, he might not longer sojourn. Chaucer.
The soldiers first assembled at Newcastle, and there sojourned
three days. Hayward.
Sojourn
So"journ, n. [Cf. OF. sujurn, sujur, sejor, F. s\'82jour. See Sojourn,
v. i.] A temporary residence, as that of a traveler in a foreign land.
Though long detained In that obscure sojourn. Milton.
Sojourner
So"journ*er (?), n. One who sojourns.
We are strangers before thee, and sojourners. 1. Chron. xxix. 15.
Sojourning
So"journ*ing, n. The act or state of one who sojourns.
Sojournment
So"journ*ment (?), n. Temporary residence, as that of a stranger or a
traveler. [R.]
Soke
Soke (?), n.
1. (Eng. Law) See Soc.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1367
2. One of the small territorial divisions into which Lincolnshire,
England, is divided.
Sokeman
Soke"man (?), n. See Socman.
Sokemanry
Soke"man*ry (?), n. See Socmanry.
Soken
Sok"en (?), n. [Cf. Socome.]
1. A toll. See Soc, n., 2. [Obs.]
Great sooken had this miller, out of doubt. Chaucer.
2. A district held by socage.
Soko
So"ko (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An African anthropoid ape, supposed to be a
variety of the chimpanzee.
Sol
Sol (?), n. [L.]
1. The sun.
2. (Alchem.) Gold; -- so called from its brilliancy, color, and value.
Chaucer.
Sol
Sol (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) (a) A syllable applied in solmization to the
note G, or to the fifth tone of any diatonic scale. (b) The tone
itself.
Sol
Sol (?), n. [See Sou.]
1. A sou.
2. A silver and gold coin of Peru. The silver sol is the unit of
value, and is worth about 68 cents.
Sola
So"la (?), a. [L., fem. of solus.] See Solus.
Sola
So"la, n. [Native name.] (Bot.) A leguminous plant (\'92schynomene
aspera) growing in moist places in Southern India and the East Indies.
Its pithlike stem is used for making hats, swimming-jackets, etc.
[Written also solah, shola.]
Solace
Sol"ace (?), n. [OF. solas, ssoulaz, L. solacium, solatium, fr. solari
to comfort, console. Cf. Console, v. t.]
1. Comfort in grief; alleviation of grief or anxiety; also, that which
relieves in distress; that which cheers or consoles; relief.
In business of mirth and of solace. Chaucer.
The proper solaces of age are not music and compliments, but wisdom
and devotion. Rambler.
2. Rest; relaxation; ease. [Obs.]
To make his steed some solace. Chaucer.
Syn. -- Comfort; consolation; alleviation; relief.
Solace
Sol"ace, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Solacing
(?).] [OF. solacier, soulacier, F. solacier, LL. solatiare. See
Solace, n.]
1. To cheer in grief or under calamity; to comfort; to relieve in
affliction, solitude, or discomfort; to console; -- applied to
persons; as, to solace one with the hope of future reward.
2. To allay; to assuage; to soothe; as, to solace grief. Syn. -- To
comfort; assuage; allay. See Comfort.
Solace
Sol"ace, v. i. To take comfort; to be cheered. Shak.
Solacement
Sol"ace*ment (?), n. The act of solacing, or the state of being
solaced; also, that which solaces. [R.]
Solacious
So*la"cious (?), a. [Cf. OF. solacieux.] Affording solace; as, a
solacious voice. [Obs.] Bale.
Solanaceous
Sol`a*na"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to plants of the
natural order Solanace\'91, of which the nightshade (Solanum) is the
type. The order includes also the tobacco, ground cherry, tomato,
eggplant, red pepper, and many more.
Soland
So"land (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A solan goose.
Solander
So*lan"der (?), n. See Sallenders.
Solan goose
So"lan goose` (?). [Icel. s; akin to Norw. sula.] (Zo\'94l.) The
common gannet.
Solania
So*la"ni*a (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) Solanine.
Solanicine
So*lan"i*cine (?), n. [See Solanine.] (Chem.) An alkaloid produced by
the action of hydrochloric acid on solanidine, as a tasteless yellow
crystalline substance.
Solanidine
So*lan"i*dine (?), n. [See Solanine.] (Chem.) An alkaloid produced by
the decomposition of solanine, as a white crystalline substance having
a harsh bitter taste.
Solanine
Sol"a*nine (?), n. [L. solanum nightshade.] (Chem.) A poisonous
alkaloid glucoside extracted from the berries of common nightshade
(Solanum nigrum), and of bittersweet, and from potato sprouts, as a
white crystalline substance having an acrid, burning taste; -- called
also solonia, and solanina. <-- C45H73NO15 -->
Solano
So*la"no (?), [Sp., fr. L. solanussc. ventus), from sol the sun.] A
hot, oppressive wind which sometimes blows in the Mediterranean,
particularly on the eastern coast of Spain.
Solanoid
Sol"a*noid (?), a. [Solanum + -oid.] (Med.) Resembling a potato; --
said of a kind of cancer.
Solanum
So*la"num (?), n. [L., nightshade.] (Bot.) A genus of plants
comprehending the potato (S. tuberosum), the eggplant (S. melongena,
and several hundred other species; nightshade.
Solar
So"lar (?), n. [OE. soler, AS. solere, L. solarium, from sol the sun.
See Solar, a.] A loft or upper chamber; a garret room. [Obs.] [Written
also soler, solere, sollar.] Oxf. Gloss.
Solar
So"lar, a. [L. solaris, fr. sol the sun; akin to As. s, Icel. s, Goth.
sauil, Lith. saule, W. haul,. sul, Skr. svar, perhaps to E. sun:F.
solaire. Cf. Parasol. Sun.]
1. Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from the sun; as, the solar
system; solar light; solar rays; solar influence. See Solar system,
below.
2. (Astrol.) Born under the predominant influence of the sun. [Obs.]
And proud beside, as solar people are. Dryden.
3. Measured by the progress or revolution of the sun in the ecliptic;
as, the solar year.
4. Produced by the action of the sun, or peculiarly affected by its
influence.
They denominate some herbs solar, and some lunar. Bacon.
Solar cycle. See under Cycle. -- Solar day. See Day, 2. -- Solar
engine, an engine in which the energy of solar heat is used to produce
motion, as in evaporating water for a steam engine, or expanding air
for an air engine. -- Solar flowers (Bot.), flowers which open and
shut daily at certain hours. -- Solar lamp, an argand lamp. -- Solar
microscope, a microscope consisting essentially, first, of a mirror
for reflecting a beam of sunlight through the tube, which sometimes is
fixed in a window shutter; secondly, of a condenser, or large lens,
for converging the beam upon the object; and, thirdly, of a small
lens, or magnifier, for throwing an enlarged image of the object at
its focus upon a screen in a dark room or in a darkened box. <--
Illustration of solar microscope --> -- Solar month. See under Month.
-- Solar oil, a paraffin oil used an illuminant and lubricant. --
Solar phosphori (Physics), certain substances, as the diamond,
siulphide of barium (Bolognese or Bologna phosphorus), calcium
sulphide, etc., which become phosphorescent, and shine in the dark,
after exposure to sunlight or other intense light. -- Solar plexus
(Anat.), a nervous plexus situated in the dorsal and anterior part of
the abdomen, consisting of several sympathetic ganglia with connecting
and radiating nerve fibers; -- so called in allusion to the radiating
nerve fibers. -- Solar spots. See Sun spots, under Sun. -- Solar
system (Astron.), the sun, with the group of celestial bodies which,
held by its attraction, revolve round it. The system comprises the
major planets, with their satellites; the minor planets, or asteroids,
and the comets; also, the meteorids, the matter that furnishes the
zodiacal light, and the rings of Saturn. The satellites that revolve
about the major planets are twenty-two in number, of which the Earth
has one (see Moon.), Mars two, Jupiter five, Saturn nine, Uranus four,
and Neptune one. The asteroids, between Mars and Jupiter, thus far
discovered (1900), number about five hundred, the first four of which
were found near the beginning of the century, and are called Ceres,
Pallas, Juno, and Vesta.
NOTE: The pr incipal el ements of th e ma jor pl anets, and of the
comets seen at more than one perihelion passage, are exhibited in
the following tables: --
I. -- Major Planets. Symbol.Name.Mean distance -- that of the Earth
being unity.Period in days.Eccentricity.Inclination of orbit.Diameter
in miles
II. -- Periodic Comets. Name.Greatest distance from sun.Least distance
from sun.Inclination of orbit.Perihelion passage. ° &min; 54
Encke's3.314.100.34212 541885.2 -- Solar telegraph
, telegraph for signaling by flashes of reflected sunlight. --
Solar time. See Apparent time, under Time.
Solarium
So*la"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Solaria (#). [L. See Solar, n.]
1. An apartment freely exposed to the sun; anciently, an apartment or
inclosure on the roof of a house; in modern times, an apartment in a
hospital, used as a resort for convalescents.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of handsome marine spiral
shells of the genus Solarium and allied genera. The shell is conical,
and usually has a large, deep umbilicus exposing the upper whorls.
Called also perspective shell.
Solarization
So`lar*i*za"tion (?), n. (Photog.) Injury of a photographic picture
caused by exposing it for too long a time to the sun's light in the
camera; burning; excessive insolation.
Solarize
So"lar*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solarized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Solarizing (?).] (Photog.) To injure by too long exposure to the light
of the sun in the camera; to burn.<-- now overexposure -->
Solarize
So"lar*ize, v. i. (Photog.) To become injured by undue or too long
exposure to the sun's rays in the camera.<-- now overexpose -->
Solary
So"la*ry (?), a. Solar. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Solas
Sol"as (?), n. Solace. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Solatium
So*la"ti*um (?), n. [L. See Solace, n.] Anything which alleviates or
compensates for suffering or loss; a compensation; esp., an additional
allowance, as for injured feelings.
Sold
Sold (?), imp. & p. p. of Sell.
Sold
Sold, n. [F. solde. See Soldier, and cf. Sou.] Solary; military pay.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Soldan
Sol"dan (?), n.[OE. soudan, F. soudan, from the Arabic. See Sultan.] A
sultan. [Obs.] Milton.
Soldanel
Sol"da*nel (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Soldanella, low Alpine
herbs of the Primrose family.
Soldanrie
Sol"dan*rie (?), n. The country ruled by a soldan, or sultan.
[Poet.]<-- = sultanate? --> Sir W. Scott.
Solder
Sol"der (?), n. [Formerly soder; F. soudure, OF. soudeure, fr. OF. &
F. souder to solder, L. solidare to fasten, to make solid. See Solid,
and cf. Sawder.] A metal or metallic alloy used when melted for
uniting adjacent metallic edges or surfaces; a metallic coment. Hence,
anything which unites or cements. Hard solder, a solder which fuses
only at a red heat, as one composed of zinc and copper, or silver and
copper, etc. -- Soft solder, a solder fusible at comparatively low
temperatures; as, plumbers' solder, consisting of two parts lead and
one part tin, is a soft solder.
Solder
Sol"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soldered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Soldering.]
[Formerlysoder. See Solder, n.]
1. To unite (metallic surfaces or edges) by the intervention of a more
fusible metal or metallic alloy applied when melted; to join by means
of metallic cement.
2. To mend; to patch up. "To solder up a broken cause." Hooker.
Solderer
Sol"der*er (?), n. One who solders.
Soldering
Sol"der*ing, a. & n. from Solder, v. t. Soldering iron, Soldering
tool, an instrument for soldering, consisting of a bit or bolt of
copper having a pointed or wedge-shaped end, and furnished with a
handle.
Soldier
Sol"dier (?), n. [OE. souldier, soudiour, souder, OF. soldier,
soldoier, soldeier, sodoier, soudoier, soudier, fr. L. solidus a piece
of money (hence applied to the pay of a soldier), fr. solidus solid.
See Solid, and cf. Sold, n.]
1. One who is engaged in military service as an officer or a private;
one who serves in an army; one of an organized body of combatants.
I am a soldier and unapt to weep. Shak.
2. Especially, a private in military service, as distinguished from an
officer.
It were meet that any one, before he came to be a captain, should
have been a soldier. Spenser.
3. A brave warrior; a man of military experience and skill, or a man
of distinguished valor; -- used by way of emphasis or distinction.
Shak.
4. (Zo\'94l.) The red or cuckoo gurnard (Trigla pini.) [Prov. Eng.]
5. (Zo\'94l.) One of the asexual polymorphic forms of white ants, or
termites, in which the head and jaws are very large and strong. The
soldiers serve to defend the nest. See Termite.
Soldier beetle (Zo\'94l.), an American carabid beetle (Chauliognathus
Americanus) whose larva feeds upon other insects, such as the plum
curculio. -- Soldier bug (Zo\'94l.), any hemipterous insect of the
genus Podisus and allied genera, as the spined soldier bug (Podius
spinosus). These bugs suck the blood of other insects. -- Soldier crab
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The hermit crab. (b) The fiddler crab. -- Soldier fish
(Zo\'94l.), a bright-colored etheostomoid fish (Etheostoma
c\'d2ruleum) found in the Mississippi River; -- called also blue
darter, and rainbow darter. -- Soldier fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of small dipterous flies of the genus Stratyomys and
allied genera. They are often bright green, with a metallic luster,
and are ornamented on the sides of the back with markings of yellow,
like epaulets or shoulder straps. -- Soldier moth (Zo\'94l.), a large
geometrid moth (Euschema militaris), having the wings bright yellow
with bluish black lines and spots. -- Soldier orchis (Bot.), a kind of
orchis (Orchis militaris).
Soldier
Sol"dier, v. i.
1. To serve as a soldier.
2. To make a pretense of doing something, or of performing any task.
[Colloq.U.S.]
NOTE: &hand; In th is se nse th e vu lgar pr onounciation
(s&omac;"j&etil;r) is jocosely preserved.
It needs an opera glass to discover whether the leaders are
pulling, or only soldiering. C. D. Warner.
Soldieress
Sol"dier*ess, n. A female soldier. [Obs.]
Soldiering
Sol"dier*ing, n.
1. The act of serving as a soldier; the state of being a soldier; the
occupation of a soldier.
2. The act of feigning to work. See the Note under Soldier, v. i., 2.
[Colloq. U.S.]
Soldierlike
Sol"dier*like" (?), a. Like a soldier; soldierly.
Soldierly
Sol"dier*ly, a. Like or becoming a real soldier; brave; martial;
heroic; honorable; soldierlike. "Soldierly discipline." Sir P. Sidney.
Soldiership
Sol"dier*ship, n. Military qualities or state; martial skill; behavior
becoming a soldier. [R.] Shak.
Soldierwood
Sol"dier*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A showy leguminous plant (Calliandra
purpurea) of the West Indies. The flowers have long tassels of purple
stamens.
Soldiery
Sol"dier*y (?), n.
1. A body of soldiers; soldiers, collectivelly; the military.
A camp of faithful soldiery. Milton.
2. Military service. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Soldo
Sol"do (?), n.; pl. Soldi (#). [It. See Sou.] A small Italian coin
worth a sou or a cent; the twentieth part of a lira.
Sole
Sole (?), n. [F. sole, L. solea; -- so named from its flat shape. See
Sole of the foot.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of
flatfishes of the genus Solea and allied genera of the family
Soleid\'91, especially the common European species (Solea vulgaris),
which is a valuable food fish. (b) Any one of several American
flounders somewhat resembling the true sole in form or quality, as the
California sole (Lepidopsetta bilineata), the long-finned sole
(Glyptocephalus zachirus), and other species. Lemon, OR French, sole
(Zo\'94l.), a European species of sole (Solea pegusa). -- Smooth sole
(Zo\'94l.), the megrim.
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Page 1368
Sole
Sole (?), n. [AS. sole, fr. L. soolea (or rather an assumed L. sola),
akin to solumround, soil, sole of the foot. Cf. Exile, Saloon, Soil
earth, Sole the fish.]
1. The bottom of the foot; hence, also, rarely, the foot itself.
The dove found no rest for the sole of her foot. Gen. viii. 9.
Hast wandered through the world now long a day, Yet ceasest not thy
weary soles to lead. Spenser.
2. The bottom of a shoe or boot, or the piece of leather which
constitutes the bottom.
The "caliga" was a military shoe, with a very thick sole, tied
above the instep. Arbuthnot.
3. The bottom or lower part of anything, or that on which anything
rests in standing. Specifially: (a) (Agric.) The bottom of the body of
a plow; -- called also slade; also, the bottom of a furrow. (b) (Far.)
The horny substance under a horse's foot, which protects the more
tender parts. (c) (Fort.) The bottom of an embrasure. (d) (Naut.) A
piece of timber attached to the lower part of the rudder, to make it
even with the false keel. Totten. (e) (Mining) The seat or bottom of a
mine; -- applied to horizontal veins or lodes.
Sole leather, thick, strong, used for making the soles of boots and
shoes, and for other purposes.
Sole
Sole, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Soling.] To
furnish with a sole; as, to sole a shoe.
Sole
Sole, a. [L. solus, or OF. sol, F. seul (fr. L. solus; cf. L. sollus
whole, entire. Cf. Desolate, Solemn, Solo, Sullen.]
1. Being or acting without another; single; individual; only. "The
sole son of my queen." Shak.
He, be sure . . . first and last will reign Sole king. Milton.
2. (Law) Single; unmarried; as, a feme sole.
Corporation sole. See the Note under Corporation. Syn. -- Single;
individual; only; alone; solitary.
Solecism
Sol"e*cism (?), n.[F. sol\'82cisme, L. soloecismus, Gr. soloikismo`s,
fr. soloiki`zein to speak or write incorrectly, fr. so`loikos speaking
incorrectly, from the corruption of the Attic dialect among the
Athenian colonists of So`loi in Cilicia.]
1. An impropriety or incongruity of language in the combination of
words or parts of a sentence; esp., deviation from the idiom of a
language or from the rules of syntax.
A barbarism may be in one word; a solecism must be of more.
Johnson.
2. Any inconsistency, unfitness, absurdity, or impropriety, as in
deeds or manners.
C\'91sar, by dismissing his guards and retaining his power,
committed a dangerous solecism in politics. C. Middleton.
The idea of having committed the slightest solecism in politeness
was agony to him. Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- Barbarism; impropriety; absurdity.
Solescist
Sol"e*scist (?), n. [Gr. One who commits a solecism. Blackwall.
Solecistic
Sol`e*cis"tic (?), a. Solecistical.
Solecistical
Sol`e*cis"tic*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or involving, a solecism;
incorrect. "He thought it made the language solecistical and absurd."
Blackwall.
Solecistically
Sol`e*cis"tic*al*ly, adv. In a solecistic manner.
Solecize
Sol"e*cize (?), v. i. [Gr. To commit a solecism. [R.] Dr. H. More.
Solely
Sole"ly (?), adv. Singly; alone; only; without another; as, to rest a
cause solely one argument; to rely solelyn one's own strength.
Solemn
Sol"emn (?), a. [OE. solempne, OF. solempne, L. solemnis, solennis,
sollemnis, sollennis; sollus all, entire + annus a year; properly,
that takes place every year; -- used especially of religious
solemnities. Cf. Silly, Annual.]
1. Marked with religious rites and pomps; enjoined by, or connected
with, religion; sacred.
His holy rites and solemn feasts profaned. Milton.
The worship of this image was advanced, and a solemn supplication
observed everry year. Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. Pertaining to a festival; festive; festal. [Obs.] "On this solemn
day." Chaucer.
3. Stately; ceremonious; grand. [Archaic]
His feast so solemn and so rich. Chaucer.
To-night we hold a splemn supper. Shak.
4. Fitted to awaken or express serious reflections; marked by
seriousness; serious; grave; devout; as, a solemn promise; solemn
earnestness.
Nor wanting power to mitigate and swage With solemn touches
troubled thoughts. Milton.
There reigned a solemn silence over all. Spenser.
5. Real; earnest; downright. [Obs. & R.]
Frederick, the emperor, . . . has spared no expense in
strengthening this city; since which time we find no solemn taking
it by the Turks. Fuller.
6. Affectedly grave or serious; as, to put on a solemn face. "A solemn
coxcomb." Swift.
7. (Law) Made in form; ceremonious; as, solemn war; conforming with
all legal requirements; as, probate in solemn form. Burrill. Jarman.
Greenleaf.
Solemn League and Covenant. See Covenant, 2. Syn. -- Grave; formal;
ritual; ceremonial; sober; serious; reverential; devotional; devout.
See Grave.
Solemness
Sol"em*ness (?), n. Solemnness.
Some think he wanted solemnes. Sir H. Wotton.
Solemnity
So*lem"ni*ty (?), n.; pl. Solemnities (#). [L. solemnitas, solennitas:
cf. F. solennit\'82, solemnit\'82, OF. also sollempnit\'82.]
1. A rite or ceremony performed with religious reverence; religious or
ritual ceremony; as, the solemnity of a funeral, a sacrament.
Great was the cause; our old solemnities From no blind zeal or fond
tradition rise, But saved from death, our Argives yearly pay These
grateful honors to the god of day. Pope.
2. ceremony adapted to impress with awe.
The forms and solemnities of the last judgment. Atterburry.
3. Ceremoniousness; impressiveness; seriousness; grave earnestness;
formal dignity; gravity.
With much glory and great solemnity. Chaucer.
The statelines and gravity of the Spaniards shows itself in the
solemnity of their language. Addison.
These promises were often made with great solemnity and confirmed
with an oath. J. Edwards.
4. Hence, affected gravity or seriousness.
Solemnity 's a cover for a sot. Young.
5. Solemn state or feeling; awe or reverence; also, that which
produces such a feeling; as, the solemnity of an audience; the
solemnity of Westminster Abbey.
6. (Law) A solemn or formal observance; proceeding according to due
form; the formality which is necessary to render a thing done valid.
Solemnizate
So*lem"ni*zate (?), v. t. To solemnize; as, to solemnizate matrimony.
[R.] Bp. Burnet.
Solemnization
Sol`em*ni*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. solemnisation, solennisation.] The
act of solemnizing; celebration; as, the solemnization of a marriage.
Solemnize
Sol"em*nize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solemnized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Solemnizing (?).] [Cf. F. solemniser, sollemniser.]
1. To perform with solemn or ritual ceremonies, or according to legal
forms.
Baptism to be administered in one place, and marriage solemnized in
another. Hooker.
2. To dignify or honor by ceremonies; to celebrate.
Their choice nobility and flowers . . . Met from all parts to
solemnize this feast. Milton.
3. To make grave, serious, and reverential.
Wordsworth was solemnizzed and elevated by this his first look on
Yarrow. J. C. Shairp.
Every Israelite . . . arose, solemnized his face, looked towards
Jerusalem . . . and prayed. L. Wallace.
Solemnize
Sol"em*nize, n. Solemnization. [R.]
Though spoused, yet wanting wedlock's solemnize. Spenser.
Solemnizer
Sol"em*ni`zer (?), n. One who solemnizes.
Solemnly
Sol"emn*ly (?), adv. In a solemn manner; with gravity; seriously;
formally.
There in deaf murmurs solemnly are wise. Dryden.
I do solemnly assure the reader. Swift.
Solemnness
Sol"emn*ness, n. The state or quality of being solemn; solemnity;
impressiveness; gravity; as, the solemnness of public worship.
[Written also solemness.]
Solempne
So*lemp"ne (?), a. [See Solemn.] Solemn; grand; stately; splendid;
magnificent. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Solen
So"len (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Med.) A cradle, as for a broken limb. See Cradle, 6.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine bivalve mollusk belonging to Solen or allied
genera of the family Solenid\'91; a razor shell.
Solenacean
Sol`e*na"cean (?), n. (Zo\'94l). Any species of marine bivalve shells
belonging to the family Solenid\'91.
Solenaceous
Sol`e*na"ceous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the solens or
family Solenid\'91.
Soleness
Sole"ness (?), n. The state of being sole, or alone; singleness. [R.]
Chesterfield.
Solenette
Sole*nette" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small European sole (Solea minuta).
Solenoconcha
So*le`no*con"cha (?), n. pl. [NL. See Solen, and Conch.] (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Scaphopoda.
Solenodon
So*le"no*don (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Either one of two species of
singular West Indian insectivores, allied to the tenrec. One species
(Solendon paradoxus), native of St. Domingo, is called also agouta;
the other (S. Cubanus), found in Cuba, is called almique.
Solenogastra
So*le`no*gas"tra (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
lowly organized Mollusca belonging to the Isopleura. A narrow groove
takes the place of the foot of other gastropods.
Solenoglyph
So*le"no*glyph (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Selenoglypha. See
Ophidia. -- n. One of the Selenoglypha.
Solenoglypha
So`le*nog"ly*pha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of
serpents including those which have tubular erectile fangs, as the
viper and rattlesnake. See Fang.
Solenoid
So"len*oid (?), n.[Gr. -oid.] (Elec.) An electrodynamic spiral having
the conjuctive wire turned back along its axis, so as to neutralize
that component of the effect of the current which is due to the length
of the spiral, and reduce the whole effect to that of a series of
equal and parallel circular currents. When traversed by a current the
solenoid exhibits polarity and attraction or repulsion, like a magnet.
<-- 2. a switch or valve using such a solenoid circuit to drive a
metal bar which opens or closes an electric circuit or a valve
controlling fluid movement. -->
Solenostomi
So`le*nos"to*mi (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of
lophobranch fishes having a tubular snout. The female carries the eggs
in a ventral pouch.
Soleplate
Sole"plate` (?), n. (Mach.) (a) A bedplate; as, the soleplate of a
steam engine. (b) The plate forming the back of a waterwheel bucket.
Soler, Solere
So"ler (?), So"lere (?), n. [OE. See Solar, n.] A loft or garret. See
Solar, n. Sir W. Scott.
Solert
So"lert (?), a. [L. solers, sollers, -ertis,clever, skillful.]
Skillful; clever; crafty. [Obs.] Cudworth.
Solertiousness
So*ler"tious*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being solert. [Obs.]
Bp. Hacket.
Soleship
Sole"ship (?), n. The state of being sole, or alone; soleness. [R.]
Sir E. Dering.
Sol-fa
Sol`-fa" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sol-faed (?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Sol-faing.] [It. solfa the gamut, from the syllables fa, sol.] To sing
the notes of the gamut, ascending or descending; as, do or ut, re, mi,
fa, sol, la, si, do, or the same in reverse order.
Yet can I neither solfe ne sing. Piers Plowman.
Sol-fa
Sol"-fa", n. The gamut, or musical scale. See Tonic sol-fa, under
Tonic, n.
Solfanaria
Sol`fa*na"ri*a (?), n. [It., from solfo sulphur.] A sulphur mine.
Solfatara
Sol`fa*ta"ra (?), n.[It., from solfo brimstone, sulphur, L. sulfur, E.
sulphur.] (Geol.) A volcanic area or vent which yields only sulphur
vapors, steam, and the like. It represents the stages of the volcanic
activity.
Solfeggiare
Sol`feg*gia"re (?), v. i.[It.] (Mus.) To sol-fa. See Sol-fa, v. i.
Solfeggio
Sol*feg"gio (?), n.[It., fr. solfa the gamut.] (Mus.) The system of
arranging the scale by the names do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, by which
singing is taught; a singing exercise upon these syllables.
Solferino
Sol`fe*ri"no (?), n. A brilliant deep pink color with a purplish
tinge, one of the dyes derived from aniline; -- so called from
Solferino in Italy, where a battle was fought about the time of its
discovery.
Soli
So"li (?), n., pl. of Solo.
Solicit
So*lic"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solicited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Soliciting.] [F. sollicier, L. sollicitare, solicitare, -atum, fr.
sollicitus wholly (i. e., violently) moved; sollus whole + citus, p.
p. of ciere to move, excite. See Solemn, Cite.]
1. To ask from with earnestness; to make petition to; to apply to for
obtaining something; as, to solicit person for alms.
Did I solicit thee From darkness to promote me? Milton.
2. To endeavor to obtain; to seek; to plead for; as, to solicit an
office; to solicit a favor.
I view my crime, but kindle at the view, Repent old pleasures, and
solicit new. Pope.
3. To awake or excite to action; to rouse desire in; to summon; to
appeal to; to invite.
That fruit . . . solicited her longing eye. Milton.
Sounds and some tangible qualities solicit their proper senses, and
force an entrance to the mind. Locke.
4. To urge the claims of; to plead; to act as solicitor for or with
reference to. [Obs.]
Should My brother henceforth study to forget The vow that he hath
made thee, I would ever Solicit thy deserts. Ford.
5. To disturb; to disquiet; -- a Latinism rarely used.
Hath any ill solicited thine ears? Chapman.
But anxious fears solicit my weak breast. Dryden.
Syn. To beseech; ask; request; crave; supplicate; entreat; beg;
implore; importune. See Beseech.
Solicitant
So*lic"it*ant (?), n.[L. solicitans, p. pr. ] One who solicits.
Solicitate
So*lic"it*ate (?), a. Solicitous. [Obs.] Eden.
Soliitation
So*li`i*ta"tion (?), n. [F. solicitation, or L. sollicitatio.]
1. The act of soliciting; earnest request; persistent asking;
importunity.
2. Excitement; invitation; as, the solicitation of the senses. Locke.
Solicitor
So*lic"it*or (?), n. [F. soliciteur, L. solicitator.]
1. One who solicits.
2. (Law) (a) An attorney or advocate; one who represents another in
court; -- formerly, in English practice, the professional designation
of a person admitted to practice in a court of chancery or equity. See
the Note under Attorney. (b) The law officer of a city, town,
department, or government; as, the city solicitor; the solicitor of
the treasury.
Solicitor-general
So*lic"it*or-gen"er*al (?), n. The second law officer in the
government of Great Britain; also, a similar officer under the United
States government, who is associated with the attorney-general; also,
the chief law officer of some of the States.
Solicitous
So*lic"it*ous (?), a.[L. sollicitus, solicitus. See Solicit, v. t.]
Disposed to solicit; eager to obtain something desirable, or to avoid
anything evil; concerned; anxious; careful. "Solicitous of my
reputation." Dryden. "He was solicitous for his advice." Calerendon.
Enjoy the present, whatsoever it be, and be not solicitous about
the future. Jer. Taylor.
The colonel had been intent upon other things, and not enough
solicitous to finish the fortifications. Clarendon.
-- So*lic"it*ous*ly, adv. -- So*lic"it*ous*ness, n.
Solicitress
So*lic"it*ress (?), n. A woman who solicits.
Solicitude
So*lic"i*tude (?), n. [F. sollicitude,r L. sollicitudo.] The state of
being solicitous; uneasiness of mind occasioned by fear of evil or
desire good; anxiety. <-- used now mainly of concern for the
well-being of others -->
The many cares and great labors of worldly men, their solicitude
and outward shows. Sir W. Raleigh.
The mother looked at her with fond solicitude. G. W. Cable.
Syn. -- Carefulness; concern; anxiety. See Care.
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Page 1369
Solid
Sol"id (?), a. [L. solidus, probably akin to sollus whole, entire, Gr.
solide. Cf. Consolidate,Soda, Solder, Soldier, Solemn.]
1. Having the constituent parts so compact, or so firmly adhering, as
to resist the impression or penetration of other bodies; having a
fixed form; hard; firm; compact; -- opposed to fluid and liquid or to
plastic, like clay, or to incompact, like sand.
2. Not hollow; full of matter; as, a solid globe or cone, as
distinguished from a hollow one; not spongy; dense; hence, sometimes,
heavy.
3. (Arith.) Having all the geometrical dimensions; cubic; as, a solid
foot contains 1,728 solid inches.
NOTE: &hand; In this sense, cubics now generally used.
4. Firm; compact; strong; stable; unyielding; as, a solid pier; a
solid pile; a solid wall.
5. Applied to a compound word whose parts are closely united and form
an unbroken word; -- opposed to hyphened.<-- unhyphenated, ligated?
fused? -->
6. Fig.: Worthy of credit, trust, or esteem; substantial, as opposed
to frivolous or fallacious; weighty; firm; strong; valid; just;
genuine.
The solid purpose of a sincere and virtuous answer. Milton.
These, wanting wit, affect gravity, and go by the name of solid
men. Dryden.
The genius of the Italians wrought by solid toil what the
myth-making imagination of the Germans had projected in a poem. J.
A. Symonds.
7. Sound; not weakly; as, a solid constitution of body. I. Watts.
8. (Bot.) Of a fleshy, uniform, undivided substance, as a bulb or
root; not spongy or hollow within, as a stem.
9. (Metaph.) Impenetrable; resisting or excluding any other material
particle or atom from any given portion of space; -- applied to the
supposed ultimate particles of matter.
10. (Print.) Not having the lines separated by leads; not open.
11. United; without division; unanimous; as, the delegation is solid
for a candidate. [Polit. Cant. U.S.]
Solid angle. (Geom.) See under Angle. -- Solid color, an even color;
one not shaded or variegated. -- Solid green. See Emerald green (a),
under Green. -- Solid measure (Arith.), a measure for volumes, in
which the units are each a cube of fixed linear magnitude, as a cubic
foot, yard, or the like; thus, a foot, in solid measure, or a solid
foot, contains 1,728 solid inches. -- Solid newel (Arch.), a newel
into which the ends of winding stairs are built, in distinction from a
hollow newel. See under Hollow, a. -- Solid problem (Geom.), a problem
which can be construed geometrically, only by the intersection of a
circle and a conic section or of two conic sections. Hutton. -- Solid
square (Mil.), a square body or troops in which the ranks and files
are equal. Syn. -- Hard; firm; compact; strong; substantial; stable;
sound; real; valid; true; just; weighty; profound; grave; important.
-- Solid, Hard. These words both relate to the internal constitution
of bodies; but hardnotes a more impenetrable nature or a firmer
adherence of the component parts than solid. Hard is opposed to soft,
and solid to fluid, liquid, open, or hollow. Wood is usually solid;
but some kinds of wood are hard, and others are soft.
Repose you there; while I [return] to this hard house, More harder
than the stones whereof 't is raised. Shak.
I hear his thundering voice resound, And trampling feet than shake
the solid ground. Dryden.
Solid
Sol"id, n.
1. A substance that is held in a fixed form by cohesion among its
particles; a substance not fluid.
2. (Geom.) A magnitude which has length, breadth, and thickness; a
part of space bounded on all sides.
Solid of revolution. (Geom.) See Revolution, n., 5.
Solidago
Sol`i*da"go (?), n. [NL., fr. L. solidare to strengthen, unite; -- so
called in allusion to its reputed healing qualities.] (Bot.) A genus
of yellow-flowered composite perennial herbs; golden-rod.
Solidare
Sol"i*dare (?), n. [LL. solidus. Cf. Sou.] A small piece of money.
[Obs.] Shak.
Solidarity
Sol`i*dar"i*ty (?), n. [F. solidarit\'82, fr. solide. See Solid.] An
entire union or consolidation of interests and responsibilities;
fellowship; community.
Solidarity [a word which we owe to the French Communists],
signifies a fellowship in gain and loss, in honor and dishonor, in
victory and defeat, a being, so to speak, all in the same boat.
Trench.
The solidarity . . . of Breton and Welsh poetry. M. Arnold.
Solidary
Sol"i*da*ry (?), a. Having community of interests and
responsibilities.
Men are solidary, or copartners; and not isolated. M. Arnold.
Solidate
Sol"i*date (?), v. t. [L. solidatus, p. p. of solidare. See Solder.]
To make solid or firm. [Obs.] Cowley.
Solidifiable
So*lid"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of being solidified.
Solidification
So*lid`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. solidification.] Act of
solidifying, or state of being solidified.
Solidify
So*lid"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solidified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Solidifying (?).] [Solid + -fy: cf. F. solidifier.] To make solid or
compact.
Every machine is a solidified mechanical theorem. H. Spencer.
Solidify
So*lid"i*fy, v. i. To become solid; to harden.
Solidism
Sol"id*ism (?), n. (Med.) The doctrine that refers all diseases to
morbid changes of the solid parts of the body. It rests on the view
that the solids alone are endowed with vital properties, and can
receive the impression of agents tending to produce disease.
Solidist
Sol"id*ist, n. (Med.) An advocate of, or believer in, solidism.
Dunglison.
Solidity
So*lid"i*ty (?), n. [L. soliditas: cf. F. solidit\'82.]
1. The state or quality of being solid; density; consistency, --
opposed to fluidity; compactness; fullness of matter, -- opposed to
openness or hollowness; strength; soundness, -- opposed to weakness or
instability; the primary quality or affection of matter by which its
particles exclude or resist all others; hardness; massiveness.
That which hinders the approach of two bodies when they are moving
one toward another, I call solidity. Locke.
2. Moral firmness; soundness; strength; validity; truth; certainty; --
as opposed to weakness or fallaciousness; as, the solidity of
arguments or reasoning; the solidity of principles, triuths, or
opinions.
3. (Geom.) The solid contents of a body; volume; amount of inclosed
space. Syn. -- Firmness; solidness; hardness; density; compactness;
strength; soundness; validity; certainty.
Solidly
Sol"id*ly (?), adv. In a solid manner; densely; compactly; firmly;
truly.
Solidness
Sol"id*ness, n.
1. State or quality of being solid; firmness; compactness; solidity,
as of material bodies.
2. Soundness; strength; truth; validity, as of arguments, reasons,
principles, and the like.
Solidungula
Sol`id*un"gu*la (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. solidus solid + ungula a
hoof.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of ungulates which includes the horse, ass,
and related species, constituting the family Equid\'91.
Solidungular
Sol`id*un"gu*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Solipedous.
Solidungulate
Sol`id*un"gu*late (?), n. [Solid + ungulate.] (Zool.) Same as Soliped.
Solidungulous
Sol`id*un"gu*lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Solipedous.
Solifidian
Sol`i*fid"i*an (?), n. [L. solus alone + fides faith.] (Eccl.) One who
maintains that faith alone, without works, is sufficient for
justification; -- opposed to nullifidian. Hammond.
Solifidian
Sol`i*fid"i*an, a. Holding the tenets of Solifidians; of or pertaining
to the solifidians.
Solifidianism
Sol`i*fid"i*an*ism, n. The state of Solifidians.
Soliform
Sol"i*form (?), a. [L. sol sun + -form.] Like the sun in form,
appearance, or nature; resembling the sun. [R.] "Soliform things."
Cudworth.
Solifug\'91
So*lif"u*g\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. solifuga (better solipuga), a
kind of venomous ant, or spider.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of arachnids
having large, powerful fangs and a segmented abdomen; -- called also
Solpugidea, and Solpugides.
Soliloquize
So*lil"o*quize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Soliloquized (#); p. pr. & vb.
n. Soliloquizing (#).] To utter a soliloquy; to talk to one's self.
Soliloquy
So*lil"o*quy (?), n.; pl. Soliloquies (#). [L. soliloquium; solus
alone + loqui to speak. See Sole ly, and Loquacious.]
1. The act of talking to one's self; a discourse made by one in
solitude to one's self; monologue.
Lovers are always allowed the comfort of soliloquy. Spectator.
2. A written composition, reciting what it is supposed a person says
to himself.
The whole poem is a soliloquy. Prior.
Soliped
Sol"i*ped (?), n. [Cf. F. solip\'8ade, It. solipede, Sp. solipedo;
apparently fr. L. solus alone + pes, pedis, a foot; but probably fr.
L. solidipes solid-footed, whole-hoofed. See Solid, and Pedal.]
(Zo\'94l.) A mammal having a single hoof on each foot, as the horses
and asses; a solidungulate. [Written also solipede.]
The solipeds, or firm-hoofed animals, as horses, asses, and mules,
etc., -- they are, also, in mighty number. Sir T. Browne.
Solipedous
So*lip"e*dous (?), a. Having single hoofs.
Solipsism
So*lip"sism (?), n. [L. solus alone + ipse self.]
1. (Ethics) Egotism. Krauth-Fleming.
2. (Metaph.) Egoism. Krauth-Fleming.
Solisequious
Sol`i*se"qui*ous (?), a. [L. sol sun + sequi to follow.] Following the
course of the sun; as, solisequious plants. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Solitaire
Sol`i*taire" (?), n. [F. See Solitary.]
1. A person who lives in solitude; a recluse; a hermit. Pope.
2. A single diamond in a setting; also, sometimes, a precious stone of
any kind set alone.
Diamond solitaires blazing on his breast and wrists. Mrs. R. H.
Davis.
3. A game which one person can play alone; -- applied to many games of
cards, etc.; also, to a game played on a board with pegs or balls, in
which the object is, beginning with all the places filled except one,
to remove all but one of the pieces by "jumping," as in draughts.
4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large extinct bird (Pezophaps solitaria) which
formerly inhabited the islands of Mauritius and Rodrigeuz. It was
larger and taller than the wild turkey. Its wings were too small for
flight. Called also solitary. (b) Any species of American thrushlike
birds of the genus Myadestes. They are noted their sweet songs and
retiring habits. Called also fly-catching thrush. A West Indian
species (Myadestes sibilans) is called the invisible bird.
Solitarian
Sol`i*ta"ri*an (?), n. [See Solitary.] A hermit; a solitary. [Obs.]
Sir R. Twisden.
Soliitariety
Sol`ii*ta*ri"e*ty (?), n. The state of being solitary; solitariness.
[Obs.] Cudworth.
Solitarily
Sol"i*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. In a solitary manner; in solitude; alone.
Mic. vii. 14.
Solitariness
Sol"i*ta*ri*ness, n. Condition of being solitary.
Solitary
Sol"i*ta*ry (?), a. [L. solitarius, fr. solus alone: cf. F. solitaire.
See Sole, a., and cf. Solitaire.]
1. Living or being by one's self; having no companion present; being
without associates; single; alone; lonely.
Those rare and solitary, these in flocks. Milton.
Hie home unto my chamber, Where thou shalt find me, sad and
solitary. Shak.
2. Performed, passed, or endured alone; as, a solitary journey; a
solitary life.
Satan . . . explores his solitary flight. Milton.
3. ot much visited or frequented remote from society; retired; lonely;
as, a solitary residence or place.
4. Not inhabited or occupied; without signs of inhabitants or
occupation; desolate; deserted; silent; still; hence, gloomy; dismal;
as, the solitary desert.
How doth the city sit solitary, that was full of people. Lam. i. 1.
Let that night be solitary; let no joyful voice come therein. Job
iii. 7.
5. Single; individual; sole; as, a solitary instance of vengeance; a
solitary example.
6. (Bot.) Not associated with others of the same kind.
Solitary ant (Zo\'94l.), any solitary hymenopterous insect of the
family Mutillid\'91. The female of these insects is destitute of wings
and has a powerful sting. The male is winged and resembles a wasp.
Called also spider ant. -- Solitary bee (Zo\'94l.), any species of bee
which does not form communities. -- Solitary sandpiper (Zo\'94l.), an
American tattler (Totanus solitarius). -- Solitary snipe (Zo\'94l.),
the great snipe. [Prov. Eng.] -- Solitary thrush (Zo\'94l.) the
starling. [Prov. Eng.]
Solitary
Sol"i*ta*ry (?), n. One who lives alone, or in solitude; an anchoret;
a hermit; a recluse.
Solitude
Sol"i*tude (?), n. [F., from L. solitudo, solus alone. See Sole, a.]
1. state of being alone, or withdrawn from society; a lonely life;
loneliness.
Whosoever is delighted with solitude is either a wild beast or a
god. Bacon.
O Solitude! where are the charms That sages have seen in thy face?
Cowper.
2. Remoteness from society; destitution of company; seclusion; -- said
of places; as, the solitude of a wood.
The solitude of his little parish is become matter of great comfort
to him. Law.
3. solitary or lonely place; a desert or wilderness.
In these deep solitudes and awful cells Where heavenly pensive
contemplation dwells. Pope.
Syn. Loneliness; soitariness; loneness; retiredness; recluseness. --
Solitude, Retirement, Seclusion, Loneliness. Retirement is a
withdrawal from general society, implying that a person has been
engaged in its scenes. Solitude describes the fact that a person is
alone; seclusion, that he is shut out from others, usually by his own
choice; loneliness, that he feels the pain and oppression of being
alone. Hence, retirement is opposed to a gay, active, or public life;
solitude, to society; seclusion, to freedom of access on the part of
others; and loneliness, enjoyment of that society which the heart
demands.
O blest retirement, friend to life's decline. Goldsmith.
Such only can enjoy the country who are capable of thinking when
they are there; then they are prepared for solitude; and in that
[the country] solitude is prepared for them. Dryden.
It is a place of seclusion from the external world. Bp. Horsley.
These evils . . . seem likely to reduce it [a city] ere long to the
loneliness and the insignificance of a village. Eustace.
Solivagant
So*liv"a*gant (?), a. [L. solus alone + vagans wandering.] Wandering
alone. [R.] T. Grander.
Solivagous
So*liv"a*gous (?), a. [L. solivagus.] Solivagant.
Sollar
Sol"lar (?), n.
1. See Solar, n. [Obs.]
2. (Mining) A platform in a shaft, especially one of those between the
series of ladders in a shaft.
Sollar
Sol"lar, v. t. To cover, or provide with, a sollar.
Sollein
Sol"lein (?), a. Sullen; sad. [Obs.] Spenser.
Solleret
Sol*ler*et" (?), n. [F. soleretim. fr. OF. soler shoe.] A flexible
steel shoe (or one of the plates forming such a shoe), worn with
medi\'91val armor.
Solmization
Sol`mi*za"tion (?), n. [F. solmisation, fr. solmiser to sol-fa; --
called from the musical notes sol, mi. See Sol-fa.] (Mus.) The act of
sol-faing. [Written also solmisation.]
NOTE: &hand; Th is ar t was practiced by the Greeks; but six of the
seven syllables now in use are generally attributed to Guido d'
Arezzo, an Italian monk of the eleventh century, who is said to
have taken them from the first syllables of the first six lines of
the following stanza of a monkish hymn to St. John the Baptist. --
Ut queant laxis Resonare fibris Mira gestorum Famuli tuorum Solve
polluti Labii reatum, Sancte Joannes. Professor Skeat says the name
of the seventh note, si, was also formed by him [Guido] from the
initials of the two words of the last line; but this is disputed,
Littr\'82 attributing the first use of it to Anselm of Flanders
long afterwards. The syllable do is often substituted for ut.
Solo
So"lo (?), n.; pl. E. Solos (#), It. Soli (#). [It., from L. solus
alone. See Sole, a.] (Mus.) A tune, air, strain, or a whole piece,
played by a single person on an instrument, or sung by a single voice.
Soloist
So"lo*ist, n. (Mus.) One who sings or plays a solo.
Solomon
Sol"o*mon (?), n. One of the kings of Israel, noted for his superior
wisdom and magnificent reign; hence, a very wise man. -- Sol`o*mon"ic
(#), a. Solomon's seal (Bot.), a perennial liliaceous plant of the
genus Polygonatum, having simple erect or curving stems rising from
thick and knotted rootstocks, and with white or greenish nodding
flowers. The commonest European species is Polygonatum multiflorum. P.
biflorum and P. giganteum are common in the Eastern United States. See
Illust. of Rootstock. False Solomon's seal (Bot.), any plant of the
liliaceous genus Smilacina having small whitish flowers in terminal
racemes or panicles.
Solon
So"lon (?), n. A celebrated Athenian lawmaker, born about 638 b. c.;
hence, a legislator; a publicist; -- often used ironically.
Solpugid
Sol*pu"gid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Solifug\'91. --
n. One of the Solifug\'91.
Solpugidea
Sol`pu*gid"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Solifug\'91.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Solifug\'91.
Solstice
Sol"stice (?), n.[L. solstitium; sol the sun + sistere to cause to
stand, akin to stare to stand: cf. F. solstice. See Solar, a., Stand,
v. i.]
1. A stopping or standing still of the sun. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
2. (Astron.) (a) The point in the ecliptic at which the sun is
farthest from the equator, north or south, namely, the first point of
the sign Cancer and the first point of the sign Capricorn, the former
being the summer solstice, latter the winter solstice, in northern
latitudes; -- so called because the sun then apparently stands still
in its northward or southward motion. (b) The time of the sun's
passing the solstices, or solstitial points, namely, about June 21 and
December 21. See Illust. in Appendix.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1370
Solstitial
Sol*sti"tial (?), a. [L. solstitialis: cf. F. solsticial.]
1. Of or pertaining to a solstice.
2. Happening at a solstice; esp. (with reference to the northern
hemisphere), happening at the summer solstice, or midsummer.
"Solstitial summer's heat." Milton.
Solubility
Sol`u*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. solubilit\'82.]
1. The quality, condition, or degree of being soluble or solvable; as,
the solubility of a salt; the solubility of a problem or intricate
difficulty.
2. (Bot.) The tendency to separate readily into parts by spurious
articulations, as the pods of tick trefoil.
Soluble
Sol"u*ble (?), a. [L. solubilis, fr. solvere, solutum, to loosen, to
dissolve: cf. F. soluble. See Solve, and cf. Solvable.]
1. Susceptible of being dissolved in a fluid; capable of solution; as,
some substances are soluble in alcohol which are not soluble in water.
Sugar is . . . soluble in water and fusible in fire. Arbuthnot.
2. Susceptible of being solved; as, a soluble algebraic problem;
susceptible of being disentangled, unraveled, or explained; as, the
mystery is perhaps soluble. "More soluble is this knot." Tennyson.
3. Relaxed; open or readily opened. [R.] "The bowels must be kept
soluble." Dunglison.
Soluble glass. (Chem.) See under Glass.
Solubleness
Sol"u*ble*ness, n. Quality or state of being soluble.
Solus, masc. a., Sola
So"lus (?), masc. a., So"la (?), fem. a. [L.] Alone; -- chiefly used
in stage directions, and the like.
Solute
So*lute" (?), a. [L. solutus, p.p. of solvere to loosen. See Solve.]
1. Loose; free; liberal; as, a solute interpretation. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. Relaxed; hence; merry; cheerful. [R.]
A brow solute, and ever-laughing eye. Young.
3. Soluble; as, a solute salt. [Obs.]
4. (Bot.) Not adhering; loose; -- opposed to adnate; as, a solute
stipule.
Solute
So*lute", v. t.
1. To dissolve; to resolve. [Obs.]
2. To absolve; as, to solute sin. [Obs.] Bale.
Solution
So*lu"tion (?), n. [OE. solucion, OF. solucion, F. solution, fr. L.
solutio, fr. solvere, solutum, to loosen, dissolve. See Solve.]
1. The act of separating the parts of any body, or the condition of
undergoing a separation of parts; disruption; breach.
In all bodies there is an appetite of union and evitation of
solution of continuity. Bacon.
2. The act of solving, or the state of being solved; the
disentanglement of any intricate problem or difficult question;
explanation; clearing up; -- used especially in mathematics, either of
the process of solving an equation or problem, or the result of the
process.
3. The state of being dissolved or disintegrated; resolution;
disintegration.
It is unquestionably an enterprise of more promise to assail the
nations in their hour of faintness and solution, than at a time
when magnificent and seductive systems of worship were at their
height of energy and splendor. I. Taylor.
4. (Chem.Phys.) The act or process by which a body (whether solid,
liquid, or gaseous) is absorbed into a liquid, and, remaining or
becoming fluid, is diffused throughout the solvent; also, the product
reulting from such absorption.
NOTE: &hand; Wh en a so lvent wi ll no t ta ke in an y mo re of a
substance the solution is said to be saturated. Solution is two
kinds; viz.: (a) Mechanical solution, in which no marked chemical
change takes place, and in which, in the case of solids, teh
dissolved body can be regained by evaporation, as in the solution
of salt or sugar in water. (b) Chemical solution, in which there is
involved a decided chemical change, as when limestone or zinc
undergoes solution in hydrochloric acid. Mechanical solution is
regarded as a form of molecular or atomic attraction, and is
probably occasioned by the formation of certain very weak and
unstable compounds which are easily dissociated and pass into new
and similar compounds.
NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd is not used in chemistry or mineralogy for
fusion, or the melting of bodies by the heat of fire.
5. release; deliverance; disharge. [Obs.] Barrow.
6. (Med.) (a) The termination of a disease; resolution. (b) A crisis.
(c) A liquid medicine or preparation (usually aqueous) in which the
solid ingredients are wholly soluble. U. S. Disp.
Fehling's solution (Chem.), a standardized solution of cupric hydrate
in sodium potassium tartrate, used as a means of determining the
reducing power of certain sugars and sirups by the amount of red
cuprous oxide thrown down. -- Heavy solution (Min.), a liquid of high
density, as a solution of mercuric iodide in potassium iodide (called
the Sonstadt or Thoulet solution) having a maximum specific gravity of
3.2, or of borotungstate of cadium (Klein solution, specific gravity
3.6), and the like. Such solutions are much used in determining the
specific gravities of minerals, and in separating them when
mechanically mixed as in a pulverized rock. -- Nessler's solution. See
Nesslerize. -- Solution of continuity, the separation of connection,
or of connected substances or parts; -- applied, in surgery, to a
facture, laceration, or the like. "As in the natural body a wound, or
solution of continuity, is worse than a corrupt humor, so in the
spiritual." Bacon. -- Standardized solution (Chem.), a solution which
is used as a reagent, and is of a known and standard strength;
specifically, a normal solution, containing in each cubic centimeter
as many milligrams of the element in question as the number
representing its atomic weight; thus, a normal solution of silver
nitrate would contain 107.7 mgr. of silver nitrate in each cubic
centimeter.
Solutive
Sol"u*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. solutif.] Tending to dissolve; loosening;
laxative. Bacon.
Solvability
Solv`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [F. solvabilit\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being solvable; as, the solvability of a
difficulty; the solvability of a problem.
2. The condition of being solvent; ability to pay all just debts;
solvency; as, the solvability of a merchant.
Solvable
Solv"a*ble (?), a. [F. solvable. See Solve, and cf. Soluble,
Solvible.]
1. Susceptible of being solved, resolved, or explained; admitting of
solution.
2. Capable of being paid and discharged; as, solvable obligations.
Tooke.
3. Able to pay one's debts; solvent. [Obs.] Fuller.
Solvableness
Solv"a*ble*ness (?), n. Quality of being solvable.
Solve
Solve (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Solving.]
[L. solvere, solutum; from a prefix so- expressing separation (cf.
Sober) + luere to loosen; cf. OF. soldre, soudre. See Loose, and cf.
Absolve.] To explain; to resolve; to unfold; to clear up out to a
result or conclusion; as, to solve a doubt; to solve difficulties; to
solve a problem.
True piety would effectually solve such scruples. South.
God shall solve the dark decrees of fate. Tickell.
Syn. -- To explain; resolve; unfold; clear up.
Solve
Solve, n. A solution; an explanation. [Obs.] Shak.
Solvency
Sol"ven*cy (?), n. [See Solvent.] The quality or state of being
solvent.
Solvend
Sol"vend (?), n. [L. solvendus to be loosened or dissolved, fr.
solvere. See Solution.] A substance to be dissolved. [R.]
Solvent
Sol"vent (?), a. [L. solvens, p.pr. of solvere. See Solvable.]
1. Having the power of dissolving; dissolving; as, a solvent fluid.
"the solvent body." Boyle.
2. Able or sufficient to pay all just debts; as, a solvent merchant;
the estate is solvent.
Solvent
Sol"vent, n. (Chem.) A substance (usually liquid) suitable for, or
employed in, solution, or in dissolving something; as, water is the
appropriate solvent of most salts, alcohol of resins, ether of fats,
and mercury or acids of metal, etc.
2. That which resolves; as, a solvent of mystery.
Solver
Sol"ver (?), n. One who, or that which, solves.
Solvible
Solv"i*ble (?), a. See Solvable.
Soly
Sol"y (?), adv. Solely. [Obs.] Spenser.
Soma
So"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The whole axial portion of an
animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail. B. G. Wilder.
Somaj, Samaj
So"maj" (?), Sa*maj" (?), n. A society; a congregation; a worshiping
assembly, or church, esp. of the Brahmo-somaj. [India]
Somali, Somal
So*ma"li (?), So*mal" (?), n. (Ethnol.) A Hamitic people of East
Central Africa.
Somatic
So*mat"ic (?), a. [Gr.
1. Of or pertaining to the body as a whole; corporeal; as, somatic
death; somatic changes.
2. Of or pertaining to the wall of the body; somatopleuric; parietal;
as, the somatic stalk of the yolk sac of an embryo.
Somatic death. See the Note under Death, n., 1.
Somatical
So*mat"ic*al (?), a. Somatic.
Somatics
So*mat"ics (?), n. The science which treats of the general properties
of matter; somatology.
Somatist
So"ma*tist (?), n. One who admits the existence of material beings
only; a materialist. Glanvill.
Somatocyst
So"ma*to*cyst (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A cavity in the primary
nectocalyx of certain Siphonophora. See Illust. under Nectocalyx.
Somatology
So`ma*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.]
1. The dictrine or the science of the general properties of material
substances; somatics.
2. A treatise on the human body; anatomy. Dunglison.
Somatome
So"ma*tome (?), n. [Gr. (Anat. & (Zo\'94l.) See Somite.
Somatopleure
So"ma*to*pleure (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) The outer, or parietal, one of
the two lamell\'91 into which the vertebrate blastoderm divides on
either side of the notochord, and from which the walls of the body and
the amnion are developed. See Splanchopleure.
Somatopleuric
So`ma*to*pleu"ric (?), a. (Anat.) of or pertaining to the
somatopleure.
Somatotropism
So`ma*tot"ro*pism (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol.) A directive influence
exercised by a mass of matter upon growing organs. Encyc. Brit.
Somber, Sombre
Som"ber, Som"bre (?; 277), a. [F. sombre; cf. Sp. sombra, shade, prob.
from LL. subumbrare to put in the shade; L. sub under + umbra shade.
See Umbrage.]
1. Dull; dusky; somewhat dark; gloomy; as, a somber forest; a somber
house.
2. Melancholy; sad; grave; depressing; as, a somber person; somber
reflections.
The dinner was silent and somber; happily it was also short.
Beaconsfield.
Somber, Sombre
Som"ber, Som"bre, v. t. To make somber, or dark; to make shady. [R.]
Somber, Sombre
Som"ber, Som"bre, n. Gloom; obscurity; duskiness; somberness. [Obs.]
Somberly, Sombrely
Som"ber*ly, Som"bre*ly, adv. In a somber manner; sombrously; gloomily;
despondingly.
Somberness, Sombreness
Som"ber*ness, Som"bre*ness, n. The quality or state of being somber;
gloominess.
Sombrero
Som*bre"ro (?), n. [Sp., from sombra shade. See Sombre.] A kind of
broad-brimmed hat, worn in Spain and in Spanish America. Marryat.
Sombrous
Som"brous (?), a. [Cf. Sp. sombroso.] Gloomy; somber. "Tall and
sombrous pines." Longfellow. -- Som"brous*ly, adv. -- Som"brous*ness,
n.
-some
-some (-s&omac;m). A combining form or suffix from Gr. sw^ma (gen.
sw`matos) the body; as in merosome, a body segment; cephalosome, etc.
-some
-some (-s&ucr;m). [AS. -sum; akin to G. & OHG. -sam, Icel. samr, Goth.
lustusams longed for. See Same, a., and cf. Some, a.] An adjective
suffix having primarily the sense of like or same, and indicating a
considerable degree of the thing or quality denoted in the first part
of the compound; as in mettlesome, full of mettle or spirit; gladsome,
full of gladness; winsome, blithesome, etc.
Some
Some (?), a. [OE. som, sum, AS. sum; akin to OS., OFries., & OHG. sum,
OD. som, D. sommig, Icel. sumr, Dan. somme (pl.), Sw. somlige (pl.),
Goth. sums, and E. same. &root;191. See Same, a., and cf. -some.]
1. Consisting of a greater or less portion or sum; composed of a
quantity or number which is not stated; -- used to express an
indefinite quantity or number; as, some wine; some water; some
persons. Used also pronominally; as, I have some.
Some theoretical writers allege that there was a time when there
was no such thing as society. Blackstone.
2. A certain; one; -- indicating a person, thing, event, etc., as not
known individually, or designated more specifically; as, some man,
that is, some one man. "Some brighter clime." Mrs. Barbauld.
Some man praiseth his neighbor by a wicked intent. Chaucer.
Most gentlemen of property, at some period or other of their lives,
are ambitious of representing their county in Parliament.
Blackstone.
3. Not much; a little; moderate; as, the censure was to some extent
just.
4. About; near; more or less; -- used commonly with numerals, but
formerly also with a singular substantive of time or distance; as, a
village of some eighty houses; some two or three persons; some hour
hence.<-- approximately. --> Shak.
The number slain on the rebel's part were some two thousand. Bacon.
5. Considerable in number or quality. "Bore us some leagues to sea."
Shak.
On its outer point, some miles away. The lighthouse lifts its
massive masonry. Longfellow.
6. Certain; those of one part or portion; -- in distinct from other or
others; as, some men believe one thing, and others another.
Some [seeds] fell among thorns; . . . but other fell into good
ground. Matt. xiii. 7, 8.
7. A part; a portion; -- used pronominally, and followed sometimes by
of; as, some of our provisions.
Your edicts some reclaim from sins, But most your life and blest
example wins. Dryden.
All and some, one and all. See under All, adv. [Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; The illiterate in the United States and Scotland often
use some as an adverb, instead of somewhat, or an equivalent
expression; as, I am some tired; he is some better; it rains some,
etc.
Some . . . some, one part . . . another part; these . . . those; --
used distributively.
Some to the shores do fly, Some to the woods, or whither fear
advised. Daniel.
NOTE: &hand; Fo rmerly us ed also of single persons or things: this
one . . . that one; one . . . another.
Some in his bed, some in the deep sea. Chaucer.
Somebody
Some"bod*y (?), n.
1. A person unknown or uncertain; a person indeterminate; some person.
Jesus said, Somebody hath touched me. Luke viii. 46.
We must draw in somebody that may stand "Twixt us and danger."
Denham.
2. A person of consideration or importance.
Before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to be somebody.
Acts v. 36.
Somedeal
Some"deal` (?), adv. In some degree; somewhat. [Written also sumdel,
sumdeale, and sumdele.] [Obs.] "She was somedeal deaf." Chaucer.
Thou lackest somedeal their delight. Spenser.
Somehow
Some"how` (?), adv. In one way or another; in some way not yet known
or designated; by some means; as, the thing must be done somehow; he
lives somehow.
By their action upon one another they may be swelled somehow, so as
to shorten the length. Cheyne.
NOTE: &hand; Th e in definiteness of so mehow is emphasized by the
addition of or other.
Although youngest of the familly, he has somehow or other got the
entire management of all the others. Sir W. Scott.
Somersault, Somerset
Som"er*sault (?), Som"er*set (?), n. [F. soubresaut a jump, leap, OF.
soubresault, It. soprassalto an overleap, fr. L. supra over + saltus a
leap, fr. salire to leap; or the French may be from Sp. sobresalto a
sudden asault, a surprise. See Supra, and Salient.] A leap in which a
person turns his heels over his head and lights upon his feet; a
turning end over end. [Written also summersault, sommerset, summerset,
etc.] "The vaulter's sombersalts." Donne.
Now I'll only Make him break his neck in doing a sommerset. Beau. &
Fl.
Something
Some"thing (?), n.
1. Anything unknown, undetermined, or not specifically designated; a
certain indefinite thing; an indeterminate or unknown event; an
unspecified task, work, or thing.
There is something in the wind. Shak.
The whole world has something to do, something to talk of,
something to wish for, and something to be employed about. Pope.
Something attemped, something done, Has earned a night's repose.
Longfellow.
2. A part; a portion, more or less; an indefinite quantity or degree;
a little.
Something yet of doubt remains. Milton.
Something of it arises from our infant state. I. Watts.
3. A person or thing importance.
If a man thinketh himself to be something, when he is nothing, he
deceiveth himself. Gal. vi. 3.
Something
Some"thing, adv. In some degree; somewhat; to some exrent; at some
distance. Shak.
I something fear my father's wrath. Shak.
We have something fairer play than a reasoner could have expected
formerly. Burke.
My sense of touch is something coarse. Tennyson.
It must be done to-night, And something from the palace. Shak.
Sometime
Some"time` (?), adv.
1. At a past time indefinitely referred to; once; formerly.
Did they not sometime cry "All hail" to me? Shak.
2. At a time undefined; once in a while; now and then; sometimes.
Sometime we see a cloud that's dragonish, A vapor sometime like a
bear or lion. Shak.
3. At one time or other hereafter; as, I will do it sometime.
"Sometime he reckon shall." Chaucer.
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Sometime
Some"time` (?), a. Having been formerly; former; late; whilom.
Our sometime sister, now our queen. Shak.
Ion, our sometime darling, whom we prized. Talfourd.
Sometimes
Some"times` (?), adv. [Sometime + adverbial ending -s, as in -wards.]
1. Formerly; sometime. [Obs.]
That fair and warlike form In which the majesty of buried Denmark
Did sometimes march. Shak.
2. At times; at intervals; now and then;occasionally.
It is good that we sometimes be contradicted. Jer. Taylor.
Sometimes . . . sometimes, at certain times . . . at certain other
times; as, sometimes he is earnest, sometimes he is frivolous.
Sometimes
Some"times`, a. Former; sometime. [Obs.]
Thy sometimes brother's wife. Shak.
Somewhat
Some"what` (?), n.
1. More or less; a certain quantity or degree; a part, more or less;
something.
These salts have somewhat of a nitrous taste. Grew.
Somewhat of his good sense will suffer, in this transfusion, and
much of the beauty of his thoughts will be lost. Dryden.
2. A person or thing of importance; a somebody.
Here come those that worship me. They think that I am somewhat.
Tennyson.
Somewhat
Some"what`, adv. In some degree or measure; a little.
His giantship is gone, somewhat crestfallen. Milton.
Somewhat back from the village street. Longfellow.
Somewhen
Some"when`, adv. At some indefinite time. [R.]
Somewhere
Some"where` (?), adv. In some place unknown or not specified; in one
place or another. "Somewhere nigh at hand." Milton.
Somewhile
Some"while` (?), adv. Once; for a time.
Though, under color of shepherds, somewhile There crept in wolves,
full of fraund and guile. Spenser.
Somewhither
Some"whith`er (?), adv. To some indeterminate place; to some place or
other.
Driven by the winds of temptation somewhither. Barrow.
Somite
So"mite (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.& Zo\'94l.) One of the actual or ideal
serial segments of which an animal, esp. an articulate or vertebrate,
is is composed; somatome; metamere. -- So*mit`ic (#), a.
Sommeil
Som`meil" (?), n. [F.] Slumber; sleep.
Sommerset
Som"mer*set (?), n. See Somersault.
Somnambular
Som*nam"bu*lar (?), a. Of or pertaining to somnambulism;
somnambulistic. Mrs. Browning.
Somnambulate
Som*nam"bu*late (?), v. i. & t. To walk when
Somnambulation
Som*nam`bu*la"tion (?), n. [L. somnus sleep + ambulatio a walking
about, from ambulare to walk. See Somnolent, Amble.] The act of
walking in sleep.
Somnambulator
Som*nam"bu*la`tor (?), n. A somnambulist.
Somnambule
Som*nam"bule (?), n. [F.] A somnambulist.
Somnambulic
Som*nam"bu*lic (?), a. Somnambulistic.
Somnambulism
Som*nam"bu*lism (?), n. [Cf. F. somnambulisme. See Somnambulation.] A
condition of the nervous system in which an individual during sleep
performs actions approppriate to the waking state; a state of sleep in
which some of the senses and voluntary powers are partially awake;
noctambulism.
Somnambulist
Som*nam"bu*list (?), n. A person who is subject to somnambulism; one
who walks in his sleep; a sleepwalker; a noctambulist.
Somnambulistic
Som*nam`bu*lis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a somnambulist or
somnambulism; affected by somnambulism; appropriate to the state of a
somnambulist.
Whether this was an intentional and waking departure, or a
somnambulistic leave-taking and waking in her sleep, may remain a
subject of contention. Dickens.
Somne
Som"ne (?), v. t. To summon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Somner
Som"ner (?), n. A summoner; esp., one who summons to an ecclesiastical
court. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
Somnial
Som"ni*al (?), a. [L. spmnialis dream bringing, fr. somnium dream, fr.
somnus sleep.] Of or pertaining to sleep or dreams.
The somnial magic superinducted on, without suspending, the active
powers of the mind. Coleridge.
Somniative
Som"ni*a*tive (?), a. Somnial; somniatory. [R.]
Somniatory
Som"ni*a*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to sleep or dreams; somnial. [Obs.
or R.] Urquhart.
Somniculous
Som*nic"u*lous (?), a. [L. somniculosus.] Inclined to sleep; drowsy;
sleepy. [Obs.]
Somniferous
Som*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. somnifer; somnus sleep + ferre to bring.]
Causing or inducing sleep; soporific; dormitive; as, a somniferous
potion. Walton.
Somnific
Som*nif"ic (?), a. [L. somnificus; somnus sleep + facere to make.]
Causing sleep; somniferous.
Somnifugous
Som*nif"u*gous (?), a. [L. somnus sleep + fugare to put to flight.]
Driving away sleep. [Obs.]
Somniloquence
Som*nil"o*quence (?), n. The act of talking in one's sleep;
somniloquism.
Somniloquism
Som*nil"o*quism (?), n. The act or habit of talking in one's sleep;
somniloquy. Coleridge.
Somniloquist
Som*nil"o*quist, n. One who talks in his sleep.
Somniloquous
Som*nil"o*quous (?), a. [L. somnus sleep + loqui to speak.] Apt to
talk in sleep.
Somniloquy
Som*nil"o*quy (?), n. A talking in sleep; the talking of one in a
state of somnipathy. [R.] Coleridge.
Somnipathist
Som*nip"a*thist (?), n. A person in a state of somniapathy.
Somnipathy
Som*nip"a*thy (?), n. [L. somnus sleep + Gr. Sleep from sympathy, or
produced by mesmerism or the like. [Written also somnopathy.]
Somnolence, Somnolency
Som"no*lence (?), Som"no*len*cy (?), n. [L. somnolentia: cf. F.
somnolence.] Sleepiness; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.
Somnolent
Som"no*lent (?), a. [F. somnolent, L. somnolentus, from somnus sleep,
akin to Gr. svapna sleep, dream, svap to sleep, Icel. sofa, AS. swefn
sleep. Cf. Hypnotic, Somnambulism, Soporific.] Sleepy; drowsy;
inclined to sleep. -- Som"no*lent*ly, adv.
He had no eye for such phenomens, because he had a somnolent want
of interest in them. De Quincey.
Somnolism
Som"no*lism (?), n. The somnolent state induced by animal magnetism.
Thomas (Med. Dict.).
Somnopathy
Som*nop"a*thy (?), n. Somnipathy.
Somnour
Som"nour (?), n. A summoner; an apparitor; a sompnour. [Obs.] Piers
Plowman.
Somonaunce, Somonce
Som"on*aunce (?), Som"once (?), n. [See Summon, Summons.] A summons; a
citation. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sommonour
Som"mon*our (?), n. A summoner. [Obs.]
Sompne
Somp"ne (? OR ?), v. t. To summon; to cite. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sompnour
Somp"nour (?), n. A summoner. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Son
Son (?), n. [OE. sone, sune, AS. sunu; akin to D. zoon, OS., OFries.,
& OHG. sunu, G. sohn, Icel. sonr, Sw. son, Dan. s\'94n, Goth. sunus,
Lith. sunus, Russ. suin', Skr. s\'d4nu (from s\'d4 to beget, to bear),
and Gr. Sow, n.]
1. A male child; the male issue, or offspring, of a parent, father or
mother.
Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a son. Gen. xxi. 2.
2. A male descendant, however distant; hence, in the plural,
descendants in general.
I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings. Isa. xix. 11.
I am the Lord, I change not; therefore ye sons of Jacob are not
consumed. Mal. iii. 6.
3. Any young male person spoken of as a child; an adopted male child;
a pupil, ward, or any other male dependent.
The child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh's daughter, and he
became her son. Ex. ii. 10.
Be plain, good son, and homely in thy drift. Shak.
4. A native or inhabitant of some specified place; as, sons of Albion;
sons of New England.
5. The produce of anything.
Earth's tall sons, the cedar, oak, and pine. Blackmore.
6. (Commonly with the def. article) Jesus Christ, the Savior; --
called the Son of God, and the Son of man.
We . . . do testify that the Father sent the Son to be the Savior
of the world. 1 John iv. 14.
Who gave His Son sure all has given. Keble.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ex pressions so n of pride, sons of light, son of
Belial, are Hebraisms, which denote persons possessing the
qualitites of pride, of light, or of Belial, as children inherit
the qualities of their ancestors.
Sons of the prophets. See School of the prophets, under Prophet.
Sonance
So"nance (?), n.
1. A sound; a tune; as, to sound the tucket sonance. [Obs.] Shak.
2. The quality or state of being sonant.
Sonant
So"nant (?), a. [L. sonans, -antis, p.pr. of sonare to sound. See
Sound a noise.]
1. Of or pertaining to sound; sounding.
2. (Phonetics) Uttered, as an element of speech, with tone or proper
vocal sound, as distinguished from mere breath sound; intonated;
voiced; tonic; the opposite of nonvocal, or surd; -- sid of the
vowels, semivowels, liquids, and nasals, and particularly of the
consonants b, d, g hard, v, etc., as compared with their cognates p,
t, k, f, etc., which are called nonvocal, surd, or aspirate. -- n. A
sonant letter.
Sonata
So*na"ta (?), n. [It., fr. It. & L. sonare to sound. See Sound a
noise.] (Mus.) An extended composition for one or two instruments,
consisting usually of three or four movements; as, Beethoven's sonatas
for the piano, for the violin and piano, etc.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sa me ge neral st ructure prevails in symphonies,
instrumental trios, quartets, etc., and even in classical
concertos. The sonata form, distinctively, characterizes the quick
opening movement, which may have a short, slow introduction; the
second, or slow, movement is either in the song or variation form;
third comes the playful minuet of the more modern scherzo; then the
quick finale in the rondo form. But both form and order are
sometimes exceptional.
Sonatina
So`na*ti"na (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A short and simple sonata.
Soncy, Sonsy
Son"cy, Son"sy (?), a. [Scot. sonce, sons, prosperity, happiness, fr.
Gael. & Ir. sonas.] Lucky; fortunate; thriving; plump. [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]
Sond, Sonde
Sond (?), Sonde, n. [AS. sand. See Send, v. t.] That which is sent; a
message or messenger; hence, also, a visitation of providence; an
affliction or trial. [Obs.]
Ye have enough, parde, of Goddes sond. Chaucer.
Sondeli
Son"de*li (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The musk shrew. See under Musk.
Song
Song (?; 115), n. [AS. song, sang, fr. singan to sing; akin to D.
zang, G. sang, Icel. s\'94ngr, Goeth. sagws. See Sing.]
1. That which is sung or uttered with musical modulations of the
voice, whether of a human being or of a bird, insect, etc. "That most
ethereal of all sounds, the song of crickets." Hawthorne.
2. A lyrical poem adapted to vocal music; a ballad.
3. More generally, any poetical strain; a poem.
The bard that first adorned our native tongue Tuned to his British
lyre this ancient song. Dryden.
4. Poetical composition; poetry; verse.
This subject for heroic song. Milton.
5. An object of derision; a laughingstock.
And now am I their song. yea, I am their byword. Job xxx. 9.
6. A trifle. "The soldier's pay is a song." Silliman.
Old song, a trifle; nothing of value. "I do not intend to be thus put
off with an old song." Dr. H. More. -- Song bird (Zo\'94l.), any
singing bird; one of the Oscines. -- Song sparrow (Zo\'94l.), a very
common North American sparrow (Melospiza fasciata, or M. melodia)
noted for the sweetness of its song in early spring. Its breast is
covered with dusky brown streaks which form a blotch in the center. --
Song thrush (Zo\'94l.), a common European thrush (Turdus musicus),
noted for its melodius song; -- called also mavis, throsite, and
thrasher. Syn. -- Sonnet; ballad; canticle; carol; canzonet; ditty;
hymn; descant; lay; strain; poesy; verse.
Songcraft
Song"craft` (?), n. The art of making songs or verse; metrical
composition; versification.
A half-effected inscription. Written with little skill of
songcraft. Longfellow.
Songful
Song"ful (?), a. Disposed to sing; full of song.
Songish
Song"ish, a. Consisting of songs. [R.] Dryden.
Songless
Song"less, a. Destitute of the power of song; without song; as,
songless birds; songless woods.
Songster
Song"ster (?), n. [AS. sangestre a female singer.]
1. One who sings; one skilled in singing; -- not often applied to
human beings.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A singing bird.
Songstress
Song"stress (?), n. [See Songster, and -ess.] A woman who sings; a
female singing bird. Thomson.
Sonifer
Son"i*fer (?), n. [NL. See Soniferous.] A kind of ear trumpet for the
deaf, or the partially deaf.
Soniferous
So*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. sonus sound + -ferous.] Sounding; producing
sound; conveying sound.
Sonification
Son`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. sonus sound + -ficare (in comp.) to make.
See -fy.] The act of producing sound, as the stridulation of insects.
Son-in-law
Son"-in-law` (?), n.; pl. Sons-in-law (. The husband of one's
daughter; a man in his relationship to his wife's parents.
To take me as for thy son in lawe. Chaucer.
Sonless
Son"less, a. Being without a son. Marston.
As no baron who was sonless could give a husband to his daughter,
save with his lord's consent. J. R. Green.
Sonnet
Son"net (?), n. [F., fr. It. sonetto, fr. suono a sound, a song, fr.
L. sonus a sound. See Sound noise.]
1. A short poem, -- usually amatory. [Obs.] Shak.
He had a wonderful desire to chant a sonnet or hymn unto Apollo
Pythius. Holland.
2. A poem of fourteen lines, -- two stanzas, called the octave, being
of four verses each, and two stanzas, called the sestet, of three
verses each, the rhymes being adjusted by a particular rule.
NOTE: &hand; In th e proper sonnet each line has five accents, and
the octave has but two rhymes, the second, third, sixth, and
seventh lines being of one thyme, and the first, fourth, fifth, and
eighth being of another. In the sestet there are sometimes two and
sometimes three rhymes; but in some way its two stazas rhyme
together. Often the three lines of the first stanza rhyme severally
with the three lines of the second. In Shakespeare's sonnets, the
first twelve lines rhymed alternately, and the last two rhyme
together.
Sonnet
Son"net, v. i. To compose sonnets. "Strains that come almost to
sonneting." Milton.
Sonneteer
Son`net*eer" (?), n. A composer of sonnets, or small poems; a small
poet; -- usually in contempt.
What woful stuff this madrigal would be In some starved hackney
sonneteer or me! Pope.
Sonneteer
Son`net*eer", v. i. To compose sonnets. Lowell.
Sonneter
Son"net*er (?), n. A composer of sonnets.
Sonnetist
Son"net*ist, n. A sonneter, or sonneteer. Bp. Hall.
Sonnetize
Son"net*ize (?), v. i. To compose sonnets.
Sonnish
Son"nish (?), a. Like the sun; sunny; golden. [Obs.] "Her sonnish
hairs." Chaucer.
Sonnite
Son"nite (?), n. See Sunnite.
Sonometer
So*nom"e*ter (?), n. [L. sonus a sound + -meter.]
1. (Physiol.) An instrument for exhibiting the transverse vibrations
of cords, and ascertaining the relations between musical notes. It
consists of a cord stretched by weight along a box, and divided into
different lengths at pleasure by a bridge, the place of which is
determined by a scale on the face of the box.
2. An instrument for testing the hearing capacity.
Sonorific
Son`o*rif"ic (?), a. [L. sonor, -oris, a sound + facere to make. See
Sonorous.] Producing sound; as, the sonorific quality of a body. [R.]
I. Watts.
Sonority
So*nor"i*ty (?), n. [L. sonoritas.] The quality or state of being
sonorous; sonorousness.
Sonorous
So*no"rous (?), a. [L. sonorus, fr. sonor, -oris, a sound, akin to
sonus a sound. See Sound.]
1. Giving sound when struck; resonant; as, sonorous metals.
2. Loud-sounding; giving a clear or loud sound; as, a sonorous voice.
3. Yielding sound; characterized by sound; vocal; sonant; as, the
vowels are sonorous.
4. Impressive in sound; high-sounding.
The Italian opera, amidst all the meanness and familiarty of the
thoughts, has something beautiful and sonorous in the expression.
Addison.
There is nothing of the artificial Johnsonian balance in his style.
It is as often marked by a pregnant brevity as by a sonorous
amplitude. E. Everett.
5. (Med.) Sonant; vibrant; hence, of sounds produced in a cavity,
deep-toned; as, sonorous rhonchi.
Sonorous figures (Physics), figures formed by the vibrations of a
substance capable of emitting a musical tone, as when the bow of a
violin is drawn along the edge of a piece of glass or metal on which
sand is strewed, and the sand arranges itself in figures according to
the musical tone. Called also acoustic figures. -- Sonorous tumor
(Med.), a tumor which emits a clear, resonant sound on percussion. --
So*no"rous*ly, adv. -- So*no"rous*ness, n.
Sonship
Son"ship (?), n. The state of being a son, or of bearing the relation
of a son; filiation. Dr. H. More.
Sonsy
Son"sy (?), a. See Soncy. [Scot.] Burns.
Sontag
Son"tag (?), n. [So called from from Mme. Henriette Sontag, a famous
singer.] A knitted worsted jacket, worn over the waist of a woman's
dress.
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Sonties
Son"ties (?), n. Probably from "saintes" saints, or from sanctities;
-- used as an oath. [Obs.] Shak.
Sooshong
Soo*shong" (?), n. Same as Souchong.
Soodra
Soo"dra (?). Same as Sudra.
Soofee, Soofeeism
Soo"fee (?), Soo"fee*ism (?). Same as Sufi, Sufism.
Soojee
Soo"jee (?), n. Same as Suji.
Soon
Soon (?), adv. [OE. sone, AS. s; cf. OFries. s, OS. s\'bena, s\'beno,
OHG. s\'ber, Goth. suns.]
1. In a short time; shortly after any time specified or supposed; as,
soon after sunrise. "Sooner said than done." Old Proverb. "As soon as
it might be." Chaucer.
She finished, and the subtle fiend his lore Soon learned. Milton.
2. Without the usual delay; before any time supposed; early.
How is it that ye are come so soon to-day? Ex. ii. 18.
3. Promptly; quickly; easily.
Small lights are soon blown out, huge fires abide. Shak.
4. Readily; willingly; -- in this sense used with would, or some other
word expressing will.
I would as soon see a river winding through woods or in meadows, as
when it is tossed up in so many whimsical figures at Versailles.
Addison.
As soon as, OR So soon as, imediately at or after another event. "As
soon as he came nigh unto the camp . . . he saw the calf, and the
dancing." Ex. xxxii. 19. See So . . . as, under So. -- Soon at, as
soon as; or, as soon as the time referred to arrives. [Obs.] "I shall
be sent for soon at night." Shak. -- Sooner or later, at some
uncertain time in the future; as, he will discover his mistake sooner
or later. -- With the soonest, as soon as any; among the earliest; too
soon. [Obs.] Holland.
Soon
Soon, a. Speedy; quick. [Obs.] Shak.
Soonee
Soo"nee (?), n. See Sunnite.
Soonly
Soon"ly (?), adv. Soon. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Soord
Soord (?), n. Skin of bacon. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Soorma
Soor"ma (?), n. [Hind. & Per. surma.] A preparation of antimony with
which Mohammedan men anoint their eyelids.
Sooshong
Soo*shong" (?), n. See Souchong.
Soosoo
Soo"soo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of dolphin (Platanista Gangeticus)
native of the river Ganges; the Gangetic dolphin. It has a long,
slender, somewhat spatulate beak. [Written also susu.]
Soot
Soot (? OR ?; 277), n. [OE. sot, AS. s; akin to Icel. s, Sw. sot, Dan.
sod, OD. soet, Lith. s; cf. Gael. suith, Ir. suth.] A black substance
formed by combustion, or disengaged from fuel in the process of
combustion, which rises in fine particles, and adheres to the sides of
the chimney or pipe conveying the smoke; strictly, the fine powder,
consisting chiefly of carbon, which colors smoke, and which is the
result of imperfect combustion. See Smoke.<-- of "incomplete"
combustion -->
Soot
Soot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sooted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sooting.] To cover
or dress with soot; to smut with, or as with, soot; as, to soot land.
Mortimer.
Soot, Soote
Soot (?), Soot"e (?), a. [See Sweet.] Sweet. [Obs.] "The soote savour
of the vine." Chaucer.
Sooterkin
Soot"er*kin (?), n. [Cf. Prov. G. suttern to boil gently.] A kind of
false birth, fabled to be produced by Dutch women from sitting over
their stoves; also, an abortion, in a figurative sense; an abortive
scheme.
Fruits of dull heat, and sooterkins of wit. Pope.
Sooth
Sooth (?), a.; also adv. [Compar. Soother (#); superl. Soothest.] [OE.
soth, AS. s, for san; akin to OS. s, OHG. sand, Icel. sannr, Sw. sann,
Dan. sand, Skr. sat, sant, real, genuine, present, being; properly p.
pr. from a root meaning, to be, Skr. as, L. esse; also akin to Goth.
sunjis true, Gr. satya. Absent, Am, Essence, Is, Soothe, Sutee.]
1. True; faithful; trustworthy. [Obs. or Scot.]
The sentence [meaning] of it sooth is, out of doubt. Chaucer.
That shall I sooth (said he) to you declare. Spensser.
2. Pleasing; delightful; sweet. [R.]
The soothest shepherd that ever piped on plains. Milton.
With jellies soother than the creamy curd. Keats.
Sooth
Sooth, n. [AS. s. See Sooth, a.]
1. Truth; reality. [Archaic]
The sooth it this, the cut fell to the knight. Chaucer.
In sooth, I know not why I am so sad. Shak.
In good sooth, Its mystery is love, its meaninng youth. Longfellow.
2. Augury; prognostication. [Obs.]
The soothe of birds by beating of their wings. Spenser.
3. Blandishment; cajolery. [Obs.] Shak.
Soothe
Soothe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soothed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Soothing.] [Originally, to assent to as true; OE. so to verify, AS.
ges to prove the truth of, to bear witness. See Sooth, a.]
1. To assent to as true. [Obs.] Testament of Love.
2. To assent to; to comply with; to gratify; to humor by compliance;
to please with blandishments or soft words; to flatter.
Good, my lord, soothe him, let him take the fellow. Shak.
I've tried the force of every reason on him, Soothed and caressed,
been angry, soothed again. Addison.
3. To assuage; to mollify; to calm; to comfort; as, to soothe a crying
child; to soothe one's sorrows.
Music hath charms to soothe the savage breast, To soften rocks, or
bend a knotted oak. Congreve.
Though the sound of Fame May for a moment soothe, it can not slake
The fever of vain longing. Byron.
Syn. -- To soften; assuage; allay; compose; mollify; tranquilize;
pacify; mitigate.
Soother
Sooth"er (?), n. One who, or that which, soothes.
Soothfast
Sooth"fast` (?), a. [Sooth + fast, that is, fast or firm with respect
to truth.] Firmly fixed in, or founded upon, the thruth; true;
genuine; real; also, truthful; faithful. [Archaic] -- Sooth"fast`ness,
n. [Archaic] "In very soothfastness." Chaucer.
Why do not you . . . bear leal and soothfast evidence in her
behalf, as ye may with a clear conscience! Sir W. Scott.
<-- leal = loyal, but not marked as archaic in this work. -->
Soothfast
Sooth"fast`, adv. Soothly; really; in fact. [Archaic]
I care not if the pomps you show Be what they soothfast appear.
Emerson.
Soothing
Sooth"ing (?), a. & n. from Soothe, v.
Soothingly
Sooth"ing*ly, adv. In a soothing manner.
Soothly
Sooth"ly (?), adv. In truth; truly; really; verily. [Obs.] "Soothly
for to say." Chaucer.
Soothness
Sooth"ness, n. Truth; reality. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Soothsay
Sooth"say` (?), v. i. [Sooth + say; properly to say truth, tell the
truth.] To foretell; to predict. "You can not soothsay." Shak. "Old
soothsaying Glaucus' spell." Milton.
Soothsay
Sooth"say`, n.
1. A true saying; a proverb; a prophecy. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Omen; portent. Having
God turn the same to good soothsay. Spenser.
Soothsayer
Sooth"say`er (?), n.
1. One who foretells events by the art of soothsaying; a
prognosticator.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A mantis.
Soothsaying
Sooth"say`ing, n.
1. A true saying; truth. [Obs.]
2. The act of one who soothsays; the foretelling of events; the art or
practice of making predictions.
A damsel, possessed with a spirit of divination . . . which brought
her masters much gain by soothsaying. Acts xvi. 16.
3. A prediction; a prophecy; a prognostication.
Divinations and soothsayings and dreams are vain. Eclus. xxxiv. 5.
Sootiness
Soot"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sooty;
fuliginousness. Johnson.
Sootish
Soot"ish, a. Sooty. Sir T. Browne.
Sooty
Soot"y (?), a. [Compar Sootier (?); superl. Sootiest.] [AS. s. See
Soot.]
1. Of or pertaining to soot; producing soot; soiled by soot. "Fire of
sooty coal." Milton.
2. Having a dark brown or black color like soot; fuliginous; dusky;
dark. "The grisly legions that troop under the sooty flag of Acheron."
Milton.
Sooty albatross (Zo\'94l.), an albatross (Ph\'d2betria fuliginosa)
found chiefly in the Pacific Ocean; -- called also nellie. -- Sooty
tern (Zo\'94l.), a tern (Sterna fuliginosa) found chiefly in tropical
seas.
Sooty
Soot"y, v. t. To black or foul with soot. [R.]
Sootied with noisome smoke. Chapman.
Spo
Spo (?), n. [OE. sop, soppe; akin to AS. s to sup, to sip, to drink,
D. sop sop, G. suppe soup, Icel. soppa sop. See Sup, v. t., and cf.
Soup.]
1. Anything steeped, or dipped and softened, in any liquid;
especially, something dipped in broth or liquid food, and intended to
be eaten.
He it is to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. John
xiii. 26.
Sops in wine, quantity, inebriate more than wine itself. Bacon.
The bounded waters Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores,
And make a sop of all this solid globe. Shak.
2. Anything given to pacify; -- so called from the sop given to
Cerberus, as related in mythology.
All nature is cured with a sop. L'Estrange.
3. A thing of little or no value. [Obs.] P. Plowman.
Sops in wine (Bot.), an old name of the clove pink, alluding to its
having been used to flavor wine.
Garlands of roses and sops in wine. Spenser.
-- Sops of wine (Bot.), an old European variety of apple, of a yellow
and red color, shading to deep red; -- called also sopsavine, and red
shropsavine.
Sop
Sop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sopping.] To
steep or dip in any liquid.
Sope
Sope (?), n. See Soap. [Obs.]
Soph
Soph (?), n. (Eng. Univ.) A contraction of Soph ister. [Colloq.]
Soph
Soph, n. (Amer. Colleges) A contraction of Sophomore. [Colloq.]
Sophi
So"phi (?), n.; pl. Sophis (. See Sufi.
Sophic, Sophical
Soph"ic (?), Soph"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Teaching wisdom. [Obs.] S.
Harris.
Sophime
So*phime" (? OR ?), n. [OF. soffime, sophisme.] Sophism. [Obs.]
I trow ye study aboute some sophime. Chaucer.
Sophism
Soph"ism (?), n. [F. sophisme, L. sophisma, fr. Gr. The doctrine or
mode of reasoning practiced by a sophist; hence, any fallacy designed
to deceive.
When a false argument puts on the appearance of a true one, then it
is properly called a sophism, or "fallacy". I. Watts.
Let us first rid ourselves of sophisms, those of depraved men, and
those of heartless philosophers. I. Taylor.
Sophist
Soph"ist, n. [F. sophiste, L. sophistes, fr. Gr. Sophism.]
1. One of a class of men who taught eloquence, philosophy, and
politics in ancient Greece; especially, one of those who, by their
fallacious but plausible reasoning, puzzled inquirers after truth,
weakened the faith of the people, and drew upon themselves general
hatred and contempt.
Many of the Sophists doubdtless card not for truth or morality, and
merely professed to teach how to make the worse appear the better
reason; but there scems no reason to hold that they were a special
class, teaching special opinions; even Socrates and Plato were
sometimes styled Sophists. Liddell & Scott.
2. Hence, an impostor in argument; a captious or fallacious reasoner.
Sophister
Soph"ist*er (?), n.
1. A sophist. See Sophist. [Obs.] Hooker.
2. (Eng. Univ.) A student who is advanced beyond the first year of his
residence.
NOTE: &hand; Th e entire course at the university consists of three
years and one term, during which the students have the titles of
first-year men, or freshmen; second-year men or junior sophs or
sophisters; third-year men, or senior sophs or sophisters; and, in
the last term, questionists, with reference to the approaching
examination. In the older American colleges, the junior and senior
classes were originally called, and in some of them are still
called, junior sophisters and senior sophisters.
Sophister
Soph"ist*er (?), v. t. To maintain by sophistry, or by a fallacious
argument. [Obs.] obham.
Sophistic, Sophistical
So*phis"tic (?), So*phis"tic*al, a. [L. sophisticus, Gr. sophistique.]
Of or pertaining to a sophist; embodying sophistry; fallaciously
subtile; not sound.
His argument . . . is altogether sophistical. Macaulay.
-- So*phis"tic*al*ly, adv. -- So*phis"tic*al*ness, n.
Sophisticate
So*phis"ti*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sophisticated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Sophisticating.] [LL. sophisticatus, p.p. of sophisticare to
sophisticate.] To render worthless by admixture; to adulterate; to
damage; to pervert; as, to sophisticate wine. Howell.
To sophisticate the understanding. Southey.
Yet Butler professes to stick to plain facts, not to sophisticate,
not to refine. M. Arnold.
They purchase but sophisticated ware. Dryden.
Syn. -- To adulterate; debase; corrupt; vitiate.
Sophisticate, Sophisticated
So*phis"ti*cate (?), So*phis"ti*ca`ted (?), a. Adulterated; not pure;
not genuine.
So truth, while only one supplied the state, Grew scare and dear,
and yet sophisticate. Dryden.
Sophistication
So*phis`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. sophisticatio, F. sophistication.]
The act of sophisticating; adulteration; as, the sophistication of
drugs. Boyle.
Sophisticator
So*phis"ti*ca`tor (?), n. One who sophisticates.
Sophistry
Soph"ist*ry (?), n. [OE. sophistrie, OF. sophisterie.]
1. The art or process of reasoning; logic. [Obs.]
2. The practice of a sophist; fallacious reasoning; reasoning sound in
appearance only.
The juggle of sophistry consists, for the most part, in usig a word
in one sense in the premise, and in another sense in the
conclusion. Coleridge.
Syn. -- See Fallacy.
Sophomore
Soph"o*more (?), n. [Probably fr. soph or sophister + Gr. Soph-Mor as
"the next distinctive appellation to Freshman," but the term has now
almost ceased to be known at the English university from whence it
came.] One belonging to the second of the four classes in an American
college, or one next above a freshman. [Formerly written also
sophimore.]
Sophomoric, Sophomorical
Soph`o*mor"ic (?), Soph`o*mor"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a
sophomore; resembling a sophomore; hence, pretentious; inflated in
style or manner; as, sophomoric affectation. [U. S.] <-- 2. Poorly
informed yet overconfident of one's own knowledge; asserting incorrect
facts based on scant knowledge. -->
Sophora
So*pho"ra (?), n. [Ar. .] (Bot.) (a) A genus of leguminous plants. (b)
A tree (Sophora Japonica) of Eastern Asia, resembling the common
locust; occasionally planted in the United States.
Sophta
Soph"ta (?), n. See Softa.
Sopite
So"pite (?), v. t. [L. sopitus, p.p. of sopire to put to sleep; akin
to sopor a sleeping draught, a heavy sleep.] To lay asleep; to put to
sleep; to quiet. [Obs.]
The king's declaration for the sopiting of all Arminian heresies.
Fuller.
Sopition
So*pi"tion (?), n. The act of putting to sleep, or the state of being
put to sleep; sleep. [Obs.]
Dementation and sopition of reason. Sir T. Browne.
Sopor
So"por (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Profound sleep from which a person can be
roused only with difficulty.
Soporate
Sop"o*rate (?), v. t. [L. soporatus, p.p. or soporare to put to sleep,
fr. sopor a heavy sleep.] To lay or put to sleep; to stupefy. [Obs.]
Cudworth.
Soporiferous
Sop`o*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. soparifer; sopor a heavy sleep + ferere
to bring.] Causing sleep; somniferous; soporific. "Soporiferous
medicine." Swift. --- Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ly, adv. --
Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ness, n.
Soporific
Sop`o*rif"ic (?; 277), a. [L. sopor a heavy sleep (akin to somnus
sleep) + facere to make. See Somnolent, Fact.] Causing sleep; tending
to cause sleep; soporiferous; as, the soporific virtues of opium. Syn.
-- Somniferous; narcotic; opiate; anodyne.
Soporific
Sop`o*rif"ic, n. A medicine, drug, plant, or other agent that has the
quality of inducing sleep; a narcotic.
Soporose, Soporous
Sop"o*rose` (?), Sop"o*rous (?), a. [From Sopor; cf. L. soporus, fr.
sopor a heavy sleep; F. soporeux.] Causing sleep; sleepy.
Sopper
Sop"per (?), n. One who sops. Johnson. <--
sopping
sopping, more recent version of soppy. Used esp. in phrase sopping
wet. -->
Soppy
Sop"py (?), a. Soaked or saturated with liquid or moisture; very wet
or sloppy.
It [Yarmouth] looked rather spongy and soppy. Dickens.
Sopra
So"pra (?), adv. [It., from L. supra above.] (Mus.) Above; before;
over; upon.
Sopranist
So*pra"nist (?), n. (Mus.) A treble singer.
Soprano
So*pra"no (?), n.; pl. E. Sopranos (#), It. Soprani (#). [It., fr.
soprano superior, highest, fr. sopra above, L. supra. See Sovereign.]
(Mus.) (a) The treble; the highest vocal register; the highest kind of
female or boy's voice; the upper part in harmony for mixed voices. (b)
A singer, commonly a woman, with a treble voice.
Sopsavine
Sops"a*vine (?), n. See Sops of wine, under Sop.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1373
Sora
So"ra (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A North American rail (Porzana Carolina)
common in the Eastern United States. Its back is golden brown, varied
with black and white, the front of the head and throat black, the
breast and sides of the head and neck slate-colored. Called also
American rail, Carolina rail, Carolina crake, common rail, sora rail,
soree, meadow chicken, and orto. King sora, the Florida gallinule.
Sorance
Sor"ance (? OR ?), n. Soreness. [Obs.]
Sorb
Sorb (?), n.[L. sorbus the tree, sorbum the fruit; cf. F. sorbe. See
Service tree.] (Bot.) (a) The wild service tree (Pyrus torminalis) of
Europe; also, the rowan tree. (b) The fruit of these trees. Sorb
apple, the fruit of the sorb, or wild service tree. -- Sorb tree, the
wild service tree.
Sorbate
Sor"bate (?), n. [Cf. F. sorbate. See Sorbic.] (Chem.) A salt of
sorbic acid.
Sorbefacient
Sor`be*fa"cient (?), a. [L. sorbere to suck in, absorb + faciens,
p.pr. of facere to make.] (Med.) Producing absorption. -- n. A
medicine or substance which produces absorption.
Sorbent
Sorb"ent (?), n. [L. sorbens, p.pr. of sorbere to suck in, to absorb.]
An absorbent. [R.]
Sorbet
Sor"bet (?), n. [F. sorbet or It. sorbetto or Sp. sorbete, from the
same source as E. sherbet. See Sherbet.] A kind of beverage; sherbet.
Smolett.
Sorbic
Sor"bic (?), a. [Cf. F. sorbique. See Sorb.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
obtained from, the rowan tree, or sorb; specifically, designating an
acid, C
Sorbile
Sor"bile (?), a. [L. sorbilis, fr. sorbere to suck in, to drink down.]
Fit to be drunk or sipped. [Obs.]
Sorbin
Sor"bin (?), n. (Chem.) An unfermentable sugar, isomeric with glucose,
found in the ripe berries of the rowan tree, or sorb, and extracted as
a sweet white crystalline substance; -- called also mountain-ash
sugar.
Sorbite
Sor"bite (?), n. [L. sorbus service tree.] (Chem.) A sugarlike
substance, isomeric with mannite and dulcite, found with sorbin in the
ripe berries of the sorb, and extracted as a sirup or a white
crystalline substance. -- Sor*bit"ic (#), a.
Sorbition
Sor*bi"tion (?), n. [L. sorbitio.] The act of drinking or sipping.
[Obs.] <-- sorbitol. A hexitol, C6H14O6, found in the mountain ash,
now produced by hydrogenation or electrolytic reduction of glucose. It
has a variet of uses, notably as a sugar substitute for diabetics, and
to improve the shelf-life of candy, as an osmotic agent, and as an
excipient in pharmaceutical preparations. -->
Sorbonical
Sor*bon"ic*al (?), a. Belonging to the Sorbonne or to a Sorbonist.
Bale.
Sorbonist
Sor"bon*ist (?), n. [F. sorboniste.] A doctor of the Sorbonne, or
theological college, in the University of Paris, founded by Robert de
Sorbon, a. d. 1252. It was suppressed in the Revolution of 1789.
Sorcerer
Sor"cer*er (?), n. [Cf. F. sorcier. See Sorcery.] A conjurer; an
enchanter; a magician. Bacon.
Pharaoh also called the wise men and the sorcerers. Ex. vii. 11.
Sorceress
Sor"cer*ess, n. A female sorcerer.
Sorcering
Sor"cer*ing, n. Act or practice of using sorcery.
Sorcerous
Sor"cer*ous (?), a. Of or pertaining to sorcery.
Sorcery
Sor"cer*y (?), n.; pl. Sorceries (#). [OE. sorcerie, OF. sorcerie, fr.
OF. & F. sorcier a sorcerer, LL. sortiarius, fr. L. sors, sortis, a
lot, decision by lot, fate, destiny. See Sort, n.] Divination by the
assistance, or supposed assistance, of evil spirits, or the power of
commanding evil spirits; magic; necromancy; witchcraft; enchantment.
Adder's wisdom I have learned, To fence my ear against thy
sorceries. Milton.
Sord
Sord (? OR ?), n. See Sward. [R.] Milton.
Sordes
Sor"des (?), n. [L., fr. sordere to be dirty or foul.] Foul matter;
excretion; dregs; filthy, useless, or rejected matter of any kind;
specifically (Med.), the foul matter that collects on the teeth and
tongue in low fevers and other conditions attended with great vital
depression.
Sordet
Sor"det (?), n. [See Sordine.] (Mus.) A sordine.
Sordid
Sor"did (?), a. [L. sordidus, fr. sordere to be filthy or dirty;
probably akin to E. swart: cf. F. sordide. See Swart, a.]
1. Filthy; foul; dirty. [Obs.]
A sordid god; down from his hoary chin A length of beard descends,
uncombed, unclean. Dryden.
2. Vile; base; gross; mean; as, vulgar, sordid mortals. "To scorn the
sordid world." Milton.
3. Meanly avaricious; covetous; niggardly.
He may be old, And yet sordid, who refuses gold. Sir J. Denham.
Sordidly
Sor*did"ly (?), n. Sordidness. [Obs.]
Sordidly
Sor"did*ly (?), adv. In a sordid manner.
Sordidness
Sor"did*ness, n. The quality or state of being sordid.
Sordine
Sor"dine (? OR ?; 277), n. [It. sordina, sordino, from sordo deaf,
dull-sounding, L. surdus. See Surd.] (Mus.) See Damper, and 5th Mute.
Sore
Sore (?), a. [F. saure, sore, sor; faucon sor a sore falcon. See
Sorrel, n.] Reddish brown; sorrel. [R.] Sore falcon. (Zo\'94l.) See
Sore, n., 1.
Sore
Sore, n. (Zo\'94l.) A young hawk or falcon in the first year.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A young buck in the fourth year. See the Note under
Buck.
Sore
Sore, a. [Compar. Sorer (; superl. Sorest.] [OE. sor, sar, AS. s\'ber;
akin to D. zeer, OS. & OHG. s, G. sehr very, Icel. s\'berr, Sw.
s\'86r, Goth. sair pain. Cf. Sorry.]
1. Tender to the touch; susceptible of pain from pressure; inflamed;
painful; -- said of the body or its parts; as, a sore hand.
2. Fig.: Sensitive; tender; easily pained, grieved, or vexed; very
susceptible of irritation.
Malice and hatred are very fretting and vexatious, and apt to make
our minds sore and uneasy. Tillotson.
3. Severe; afflictive; distressing; as, a sore disease; sore evil or
calamity. Shak.
4. Criminal; wrong; evil. [Obs.] Shak.
Sore throat (Med.), inflammation of the throat and tonsils;
pharyngitis. See Cynanche. -- Malignant, Ulcerated OR Putrid, sore
throat. See Angina, and under Putrid.
Sore
Sore (?), n. [OE. sor, sar, AS. s\'ber. See Sore, a.]
1. A place in an animal body where the skin and flesh are ruptured or
bruised, so as to be tender or painful; a painful or diseased place,
such as an ulcer or a boil.
The dogs came and licked his sores. Luke xvi. 21.
2. Fig.: Grief; affliction; trouble; difficulty. Chaucer.
I see plainly where his sore lies. Sir W. Scott.
Gold sore. (Med.) See under Gold, n.
Sore
Sore, adv. [AS. s\'bere. See Sore, a.]
1. In a sore manner; with pain; grievously.
Thy hand presseth me sore. Ps. xxxviii. 2.
2. Greatly; violently; deeply.
[Hannah] prayed unto the Lord and wept sore. 1 Sam. i. 10.
Sore sighed the knight, who this long sermon heard. Dryden.
Soredia
So*re"di*a (?), n., pl. of Soredium.
Sorediate
So*re"di*ate (?), a. (Bot.) Soredi\'8bferous.
Sordiferous, OR Sorediiferous
Sor`*dif"er*ous (?), OR So*re`di*if"er*ous (?), a. [Soredium +
-ferous.] (Bot.) Bearing soredia; sorediate.
Soredium
So*re"di*um (?), n.; pl. Soredia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A patch of
granular bodies on the surface of the thallus of lichens.
Soree
So"ree (, n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sora.
Sorehead
Sore"head` (?), n. One who is disgruntled by a failure in politics, or
the like. [Slang, U.S.]
Sorehon
Sore"hon (?), n. [Corrupted from sojourn, Scot. soirne, sorn.]
Formerly, in Ireland, a kind of servile tenure which subjected the
tenant to maintain his chieftain gratuitously whenever he wished to
indulge in a revel. Spenser.
Sorel
Sor"el (?), n. [A diminutive. See Sore reddish brown.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A young buck in the third year. See the Note under Buck.
Shak.
2. A yellowish or reddish brown color; sorrel.
Sorely
Sore"ly (?), adv. In a sore manner; grievously; painfully; as, to be
sorely afflicted.
Sorema
So*re"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A heap of carpels belonging to
one flower.
Soreness
Sore"ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sore; tenderness;
painfull; as, the soreness of a wound; the soreness of an affliction.
Sorex
So"rex (?), n. [L., a shrew.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of small Insectivora,
including the common shrews.
Sorgne
Sor"gne (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The three-beared rocking, or whistlefish.
[Prov. Eng.]
Sorghum
Sor"ghum (?), n. [NL., probably of Chinese origin.] (Bot.) (a) A genus
of grasses, properly limited to two species, Sorghum Halepense, the
Arabian millet, or Johnson grass (see Johnson grass), and S. vulgare,
the Indian millet (see Indian millet, under Indian). (b) A variety of
Sorghum vulgare, grown for its saccharine juice; the Chinese sugar
cane.
Sorgo
Sor"go (?), n. [Cf. It. sorgo. See Sorghum.] (Bot.) Indian millet and
its varieties. See Sorghum.
Sori
So"ri (?), n., pl. of Sorus.
Soricine
So"ri*cine (?), a. [L. sorricinus, fr. sorex a shrew.] (Zo\'94l.) Of
or pertaining to the Shrew family (Soricid\'91); like a shrew in form
or habits; as, the soricine bat (Glossophaga soricina).
Sorites
So*ri"tes (?), n. [L., from Gr. swrei`ths (sc. syllogismo`s),
properly, heaped up (hence, a heap of syllogisms), fr. swro`s a heap.]
(Logic) An abridged form of stating of syllogisms in a series of
propositions so arranged that the predicate of each one that precedes
forms the subject of each one that follows, and the conclusion unites
the subject of the first proposition with the predicate of the last
proposition, as in following example; --
The soul is a thinking agent; A thinking agent can not be severed
into parts; That which can not be severed can not be destroyed;
Therefore the soul can not be destroyed.
NOTE: &hand; Wh en th e series is arranged in the reverse order, it
is called the Goclenian sorites, from Goclenius, a philosopher of
the sixteenth century.
Destructive sorities. See under Destructive. <-- Sorites paradox,
(philos.) The paradox that arises from the assertion that if one item
is removed from a heap (sorites) of objects, what remains is still a
heap. Continued application of that rule for any finite heap
ultimately causes a contradiction, when the "heap" has no objects
left. Similar definitional problems prompted the invention of "fuzzy
logic" -->
Soritical
So"rit"ic*al, a. Of or pertaining to a sorites; resembling a sorites.
Sorn
Sorn (?), v. i. [See Sorehon.] To obtrude one's self on another for
bed and board. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Sorner
Sorn"er (?), n. One who obtrudes himself on another for bed and board.
[Scot.] De Quncey.
Sororal
So*ro"ral (?), a. [L. soror sister: cf. F. sororal.] Relating to a
sister; sisterly. [R.]
Sororicide
So*ror"i*cide (?; 277), n. [L. sororocida, and sororicidium; soror a
sister + caedere to kill.] The murder of one's sister; also, one who
murders or kills one's own sister. Johnson.
Sororize
So*ro"rize (? OR ?), v. i. [L. soror, sororis, a sister.] To
associate, or hold fellowship, as sisters; to have sisterly feelings;
-- analogous to fraternize. [Recent & R.]
Sorosis
So*ro"sis (?), n. [NL. See Sororize.] A woman's club; an association
of women. [U. S.]
Sorosis
So*ro"sis, n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A fleshy fruit formed by the
consolidation of many flowers with their receptacles, ovaries, etc.,
as the breadfruit, mulberry, and pineapple.
Sorrage
Sor"rage (?; 48), n. [Cf. Sorrel, n.] The blades of green or barley.
[Obs.] Bailey.
Sorrance
Sor"rance (?), n. Same as Sorance. [Obs.]
Sorrel
Sor"rel (?), a. [F. saur, saure, OF. sor, sore, probably of Teutonic
origin; cf. D. zoor dry, LG. soor; the meaning probably coming from
the color of dry leaves. See Sear, a., and cf. Sorel.] Of a yellowish
or redish brown color; as, a sorrel horse.
Sorrel
Sor"rel (?), n. A yellowish or redish brown color.
Sorrel
Sor"rel, n. [F. surelle, fr. sur sour, fr. OHG. s sour. See Sour.]
(Bot.) One of various plants having a sour juice; especially, a plant
of the genus Rumex, as Rumex Acetosa, Rumex Acetosella, etc. Mountain
sorrel. (Bot.) See under Mountain. -- Red sorrel. (Bot.) (a) A
malvaceous plant (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) whose acid calyxes and capsules
are used in the West Indies for making tarts and acid drinks. (b) A
troublesome weed (Rumex Acetosella), also called sheep sorrel. -- Salt
of sorrel (Chem.), binoxalate of potassa; -- so called because
obtained from the juice of Rumex Acetosella, or Rumex Axetosa. --
Sorrel tree (Bot.), a small ericaceous tree (Oxydendrum arboreum)
whose leaves resemble those of the peach and have a sour taste. It is
common along the Alleghanies. Called also sourwood. -- Wood sorrel
(Bot.), any plant of the genus Oxalis.
Sorrento work
Sor"ren"to work` (?). Ornamental work, mostly carved in olivewood,
decorated with inlay, made at or near Sorrento, Italy. Hence, more
rarely, jig-saw work and the like done anywhere.
Sorrily
Sor"ri*ly (?), adv. In a sorry manner; poorly.
Thy pipe, O Pan, shall help, though I sing sorrily. Sir P. Sidney.
Sorriness
Sor"ri*ness, n. The quality or state of being sorry.
Sorrow
Sor"row (?), n. [OE. sorwe, sorewe, sor, AS. sorg, sorh; akin to D.
zorg care, anxiety, OS. sorga, OHG. sorga, soraga, suorga, G. sorge,
Icel., Sw., & Dan. sorg, Goth. sa\'a3rga; of unknown origin.] The
uneasiness or pain of mind which is produced by the loss of any good,
real or supposed, or by diseappointment in the expectation of good;
grief at having suffered or occasioned evil; regret; unhappiness;
sadness. Milton.
How great a sorrow suffereth now Arcite! Chaucer.
The safe and general antidote against sorrow is employment.
Rambler.
Syn. -- Grief; unhappiness; regret; sadness; heaviness; mourning;
affliction. See Affliction, and Grief.
Sorrow
Sor"row, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sorrowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sorrowing.]
[OE. sorowen, sorwen, sorhen, AS. sorgian; akin to Goth. sa\'a3rgan.
See Sorrow, n.] To feel pain of mind in consequence of evil
experienced, feared, or done; to grieve; to be sad; to be sorry.
Sorrowing most of all . . . that they should see his face no more.
Acts xx. 38.
I desire no man to sorrow for me. Sir J. Hayward.
Sorrowed
Sor"rowed (?) (, a. Accompanied with sorrow; sorrowful. [Obs.] Shak.
Sorrowful
Sor"row*ful (?), a. [OE. sorweful, AS. sorgful.]
1. Full of sorrow; exhibiting sorrow; sad; dejected; distressed. "This
sorrowful prisoner." Chaucer.
My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death. Matt. xxvi. 38.
2. Producing sorrow; exciting grief; mournful; lamentable; grievous;
as, a sorrowful accident. Syn. -- Sad; mournful; dismal; disconsolate;
drear; dreary; grievous; lamentable; doleful; distressing. --
Sor"row*ful*ly, adv. -- Sor"row*ful*ness, n.
Sorrowless
Sor"row*less, a. Free from sorrow.
Sorry
Sor"ry (?), a. [Compar. Sorrier (?); superl. Sorriest.] [OE. sory,
sary, AS. s\'berig, fr. s\'ber, n., sore. See Sore, n. & a. The
original sense was, painful; hence. miserable, sad.]
1. Grieved for the loss of some good; pained for some evil; feeling
regret; -- now generally used to express light grief or affliction,
but formerly often used to express deeper feeling. "I am sorry for my
sins." Piers Plowman.
Ye were made sorry after a godly manner. 2 Cor. vii. 9.
I am sorry for thee, friend; 't is the duke's pleasure. Shak.
She entered, were he lief or sorry. Spenser.
2. Melancholy; dismal; gloomy; mournful. Spenser.
All full of chirking was this sorry place. Chaucer.
3. Poor; mean; worthless; as, a sorry excuse. "With sorry grace."
Chaucer.
Cheeks of sorry grain will serve. Milton.
Good fruit will sometimes grow on a sorry tree. Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- Hurt; afflicted; mortified; vexed; chagrined; melancholy;
dismal; poor; mean; pitiful.
Sors
Sors (?), n.; pl. Sortes (#). [L.] A lot; also, a kind of divination
by means of lots. Sortes Homeric\'91 OR Virgilian\'91 [L., Homeric or
Virgilian lots], a form of divination anciently practiced, which
consisted in taking the first passage on which the eye fell, upon
opening a volume of Homer or Virgil, or a passage drawn from an urn
which several were deposited, as indicating future events, or the
proper course to be pursued. In later times the Bible was used for the
same purpose by Christians. <-- not very different from Chinese
fortune cookies in concept. -->
Sort
Sort (?), n. [F. sorl, L. sors, sortis. See Sort kind.] Chance; lot;
destiny. [Obs.]
By aventure, or sort, or cas [chance]. Chaucer.
Let blockish Ajax draw The sort to fight with Hector. Shak.
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Sort
Sort, n. [F. sorie (cf. It. sorta, sorte), from L. sors, sorti, a lot,
part, probably akin to serere to connect. See Series, and cf. Assort,
Consort, Resort, Sorcery, Sort lot.]
1. A kind or species; any number or collection of individual persons
or things characterized by the same or like qualities; a class or
order; as, a sort of men; a sort of horses; a sort of trees; a sort of
poems.
2. Manner; form of being or acting.
Which for my part I covet to perform, In sort as through the world
I did proclaim. Spenser.
Flowers, in such sort worn, can neither be smelt nor seen well by
those that wear them. Hooker.
I'll deceive you in another sort. Shak.
To Adam in what sort Shall I appear? Milton.
I shall not be wholly without praise, if in some sort I have copied
his style. Dryden.
3. Condition above the vulgar; rank. [Obs.] Shak.
4. A chance group; a company of persons who happen to be together; a
troop; also, an assemblage of animals. [Obs.] "A sort of shepherds."
Spenser. "A sort of steers." Spenser. "A sort of doves." Dryden. "A
sort of rogues." Massinger.
A boy, a child, and we a sort of us, Vowed against his voyage.
Chapman.
5. A pair; a set; a suit. Johnson.
6. pl. (Print.) Letters, figures, points, marks, spaces, or quadrats,
belonging to a case, separately considered.
Out of sorts (Print.), with some letters or sorts of type deficient or
exhausted in the case or font; hence, colloquially, out of order; ill;
vexed; disturbed. -- To run upon sorts (Print.), to use or require a
greater number of some particular letters, figures, or marks than the
regular proportion, as, for example, in making an index. Syn. -- Kind;
species; rank; condition. -- Sort, Kind. Kind originally denoted
things of the same family, or bound together by some natural affinity;
and hence, a class. Sort signifies that which constitutes a particular
lot of parcel, not implying necessarily the idea of affinity, but of
mere assemblage. the two words are now used to a great extent
interchangeably, though sort (perhaps from its original meaning of
lot) sometimes carries with it a slight tone of disparagement or
contempt, as when we say, that sort of people, that sort of language.
<-- surprisingly, "type" is not included in this synonym-list! in
MW10, the list under "type" includes kind and sort. "class" is
mentioned in the def, but not on the list of synonyms. -->
As when the total kind Of birds, in orderly array on wing, Came
summoned over Eden to receive Their names of there. Milton.
None of noble sort Would so offend a virgin. Shak.
Sort
Sort (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sorting.]
1. To separate, and place in distinct classes or divisions, as things
having different qualities; as, to sort cloths according to their
colors; to sort wool or thread according to its fineness.
Rays which differ in refrangibility may be parted and sorted from
one another. Sir I. Newton.
2. To reduce to order from a confused state. Hooker.
3. To conjoin; to put together in distribution; to class.
Shellfish have been, by some of the ancients, compared and sorted
with insects. Bacon.
She sorts things present with things past. Sir J. Davies.
4. To choose from a number; to select; to cull.
That he may sort out a worthy spouse. Chapman.
I'll sort some other time to visit you. Shak.
5. To conform; to adapt; to accommodate. [R.]
I pray thee, sort thy heart to patience. Shak.
Sort
Sort, v. i.
1. To join or associate with others, esp. with others of the same kind
or species; to agree.
Nor do metals only sort and herd with metals in the earth, and
minerals with minerals. Woodward.
The illiberality of parents towards children makes them base, and
sort with any company. Bacon.
2. To suit; to fit; to be in accord; to harmonize.
They are happy whose natures sort with their vocations. Bacon.
Things sort not to my will. herbert.
I can not tell you precisely how they sorted. Sir W. Scott.
Sortable
Sort"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. sortable suitable.]
1. Capable of being sorted.
2. Suitable; befitting; proper. [Obs.] con.
Sortably
Sort"a*bly, adv. Suitable. [Obs.] otgrave.
Sortal
Sort"al (?), a. Pertaining to a sort. [Obs.] Locke.
Sortance
Sort"ance (?), n. [From Sort, v. i.] Suitableness; agreement. [Obs.]
hak.
Sorter
Sort"er (?), n. One who, or that which, sorts.
Sortes
Sor"tes (?), n., pl. of Sors.
Sortie
Sor"tie (?; 277), n. [F., fr. sortir to go out, to issue, probably fr.
L. sortus, for surrectus, p.p. of surgere to raise up, to rise up. See
Source.] (Mil.) The sudden issuing of a body of troops, usually small,
from a besieged place to attack or harass the besiegers; a sally.
Sortilege
Sor"ti*lege (?), n. [F. sortil\'8age, fr. L. sors, sortis, a lot +
legere to gather, to select.] The act or practice of drawing lots;
divination by drawing lots.
A woman infamous for sortileges and witcheries. Sir W. Scott.
Sortilegious
Sor`ti*le"gious (?), a. Pertaining to sortilege.
Sortilegy
Sor"til"e*gy (?), n. Sortilege. [R.] De Quincey.
Sortition
Sor*ti"tion (?), n. [L. sortitio, from sortiri to draw or cast lots,
fr. sors, sortis, a lot.] Selection or appointment by lot. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
Sortment
Sort"ment (?), n. Assortiment. [Obs.]
Sorus
So"rus (?), n.; pl. Sori (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) One of the fruit
dots, or small clusters of sporangia, on the back of the fronds of
ferns.
Sorwe
Sor"we (?), n. & v. Sorrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sorweful
Sor"we*ful (?), a. Sorrowful. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sory
So"ry (?), n. [L. sory, Gr. (Old Min. Chem.) Green vitriol, or some
earth imregnated with it.
So-so
So"-so` (?), a. [So + so.] Neither very good nor very bad; middling;
passable; tolerable; indifferent.
In some Irish houses, where things are so-so, One gammon of bacon
hangs up for a show. Goldsmith.
He [Burns] certainly wrote some so-so verses to the Tree of
Liberty. Prof. Wilson.
So-so
So"-so`, adv. Tolerably; passably. H. James.
Soss
Soss (?; 115), v. i. [Cf. Souse.] To fall at once into a chair or
seat; to sit lazily. [Obs.] Swift.
Soss
Soss, v. t. To throw in a negligent or careless manner; to toss.
[Obs.] Swift.
Soss
Soss, n.
1. A lazy fellow. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
2. A heavy fall. [Prov. Eng.] Hallowell.
Soss
Soss, n. [See Sesspol.] Anything dirty or muddy; a dirty puddle.
[Prov. Eng.]
Sostenuto
Sos`te*nu"to (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Sustained; -- applied to a movement
or passage the sounds of which are to sustained to the utmost of the
nominal value of the time; also, to a passage the tones of which are
to be somewhat prolonged or protacted.
Sot
Sot (?), n. [F., fr. LL. sottus; of unknown origin, cf. Ir. sotal
pride, soithir proud, or Chald. & NHeb. shoten foolish.]
1. A stupid person; a blockhead; a dull fellow; a dolt. [Obs.] outh.
In Egypt oft has seen the sot bow down, And reverence some dOldham.
2. A person stupefied by excessive drinking; an habitual drunkard. "A
brutal sot." Granville.
Every sign That calls the staring sots to nasty wine. Roscommon.
Sot
Sot (?), a. Sottish; foolish; stupid; dull. [Obs.] "Rich, but sot."
Marston.
Sot
Sot, v. t. To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot. [R.]
I hate to see a brave, bold fellow sotted. Dryden.
Sot
Sot, v. i. To tipple to stupidity. [R.] Goldsmith.
Sotadean
So`ta*de"an (?), a. Sotadic.
Sotadic
So*tad"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, the lascivious
compositions of the Greek poet Sotades. -- n. A Sotadic verse or poem.
Sote
Sote (?), a. Sweet. [Obs.] Chaucer. Fairfax.
Sotel, Sotil
So"tel (?), So"til (?), a. Subtile. [Obs.]
Soteriology
So*te`ri*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.]
1. A discourse on health, or the science of promoting and preserving
health.
2. (Theol.) The doctrine of salvation by Jesus Christ.
Sothe
Sothe (? OR ?), a. Sooth. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sothiac, Sothic
So"thi*ac (?), Soth"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Sothis, the
Egyptian name for the Dog Star; taking its name from the Dog Star;
canicular. Sothiac, OR Sothic, year (Chronol.), the Egyptian year of
365 days and 6 hours, as distinguished from the Egyptian vague year,
which contained 365 days. The Sothic period consists of 1,460 Sothic
years, being equal to 1,461 vague years. One of these periods ended in
July, a. d. 139.
Sotilte
So"til*te (?), n. Subtlety. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sotted
Sot"ted (?), a. & p. p. of Sot. Befooled; deluded; besotted. [Obs.]
"This sotted priest." Chaucer.
Sottery
Sot"ter*y (?), n. Folly. [Obs.] Gauden.
Sottish
Sot"tish (?), a. [From Sot.] Like a sot; doltish; very foolish;
drunken.
How ignorant are sottish pretenders to astrology! Swift.
Syn. -- Dull; stupid; senseless; doltish; infatuate. -- Sot"tish*ly,
adv. -- Sot"tish*ness, n.
Sotto voce
Sot`to vo"ce (?). [It.]
1. (Mus.) With a restrained voice or moderate force; in an undertone.
2. Spoken low or in an undertone.
Sou
Sou (?), n.; pl. Sous (#) OR (#). [F. sou, OF. sol, from L. solidus a
gold coin, in LL., a coin of less value. See Sold, n., Solid, and and
cf. Sol, Soldo.] An old French copper coin, equivalent in value to,
and now displaced by, the five-centime piece ( of a franc), which is
popularly called a sou.
Souari nut
Sou*a"ri nut` (?). (Bot.) The large edible nutlike seed of a tall
tropical American tree (Caryocar nuciferum) of the same natural order
with the tea plant; -- also called butternut. [Written also sawarra
nut.]
Soubah
Sou"bah (?), n. See Subah.
Soubahdar
Sou"bah*dar (?), n. See Subahdar.
Soubrette
Sou`brette", n. [F.] A female servant or attendant; specifically, as a
term of the theater, a lady's maid, in comedies, who acts the part of
an intrigante; a meddlesome, mischievous female servant or young
woman.
Soubriquet
Sou`bri`quet" (?), n. See Sobriquet.
Souce
Souce (?), n. See 1st Souse.
Souce
Souce, v. t. & i. See Souse. [Obs.] penser.
Souchong
Sou*chong" (?), n. [Chin. seou chong little plant or sort.] A kind of
black tea of a fine quality.
Soudan
Sou*dan" (?), n.[F.] A sultan. [Obs.]
Souded
Soud"ed (, Soud"et (, a. [See Solder.] United; consolidated; made
firm; strengthened. [Obs.]
O martyr souded for virginity! Chaucer.
Souffle
Souf"fle (?), n. [F.] (Med.) A murmuring or blowing sound; as, the
uterine souffle heard over the pregnant uterus.
Souffl\'82
Souf"fl\'82 (?), n. [F., fr. souffl\'82, p.p. of souffler to puff.]
(Cookery) A side dish served hot from the oven at dinner, made of
eggs, milk, and flour or other farinaceous substance, beaten till very
light, and flavored with fruits, liquors, or essence.
Sough
Sough (?), n. A sow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sough
Sough (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A small drain; an adit. [Prov.
Eng.] W. M. Buchanan.
Sough
Sough (?; 277), n. [Cf. Icel. s (in comp.) a rushing sound, or OE.
swough, swogh, a sound, AS. sw to rustle. Cf. Surf, Swoon, v. i.]
1. The sound produced by soughing; a hollow murmur or roaring.
The whispering leaves or solemn sough of the forest. W. Howitt.
2. Hence, a vague rumor or flying report. [Scot.]
3. A cant or whining mode of speaking, especially in preaching or
praying. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Sough
Sough, v. i. To whistle or sigh, as the wind.
Sought
Sought (?), imp. & p. p. of Seek.
Souke
Souke (?), v. t. & i. To suck. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Soul
Soul (?), a. Sole. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Soul
Soul (?), a. Sole. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Soul
Soul, v. i. [F. so\'96ler to satiate. See Soil to feed.] To afford
suitable sustenance. [Obs.] Warner.
Soul
Soul, n. [OE. soule, saule, AS. s\'bewel, s\'bewl; akin to OFries. s,
OS. s, D. ziel, G. seele, OHG. s, s, Icel. s\'bela, Sw. sj\'84l, Dan.
si\'91l, Goth. saiwala; of uncertain origin, perhaps akin to L.
saeculum a lifetime, age (cf. Secular.)]
1. The spiritual, rational, and immortal part in man; that part of man
which enables him to think, and which renders him a subject of moral
government; -- sometimes, in distinction from the higher nature, or
spirit, of man, the so-called animal soul, that is, the seat of life,
the sensitive affections and phantasy, exclusive of the voluntary and
rational powers; -- sometimes, in distinction from the mind, the moral
and emotional part of man's nature, the seat of feeling, in
distinction from intellect; -- sometimes, the intellect only; the
understanding; the seat of knowledge, as distinguished from feeling.
In a more general sense, "an animating, separable, surviving entity,
the vehicle of individual personal existence." Tylor.
The eyes of our souls only then begin to see, when our bodily eyes
are closing. Law.
2. The seat of real life or vitality; the source of action; the
animating or essential part. "The hidden soul of harmony." Milton.
Thou sun, of this great world both eye and soul. Milton.
3. The leader; the inspirer; the moving spirit; the heart; as, the
soul of an enterprise; an able gemeral is the soul of his army.
He is the very soul of bounty! Shak.
4. Energy; courage; spirit; fervor; affection, or any other noble
manifestation of the heart or moral nature; inherent power or
goodness.
That he wants algebra he must confess; But not a soul to give our
arms success. Young.
5. A human being; a person; -- a familiar appellation, usually with a
qualifying epithet; as, poor soul.
As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far
country. Prov. xxv. 25.
God forbid so many simple souls Should perish by the aword! Shak.
Now mistress Gilpin (careful soul). Cowper.
6. A pure or disembodied spirit.
That to his only Son . . . every soul in heaven Shall bend the
knee. Milton.
NOTE: &hand; So ul is used in the formation of numerous compounds,
most of which are of obvious signification; as, soul-betraying,
soul-consuming, soul-destroying, soul-distracting, soul-enfeebling,
soul-exalting, soul-felt, soul-harrowing, soul-piercing,
soul-quickening, soul-reviving, soul-stirring, soul-subduing,
soul-withering, etc.
Syn. -- Spirit; life; courage; fire; ardor. Cure of souls. See Cure,
n., 2. -- Soul bell, the passing bell. Bp. Hall. -- Soul foot. See
Soul scot, below. [Obs.] -- Soul scot OR Soul shot. [Soul + scot, or
shot; cf. AS. s\'bewelsceat.] (O. Eccl. Law) A funeral duty paid in
former times for a requiem for the soul. Ayliffe.
Soul
Soul (?), v. t. To indue with a soul; to furnish with a soul or mind.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Souled
Souled (?), a. Furnished with a soul; possessing soul and feeling; --
used chiefly in composition; as, great-souled Hector. "Grecian chiefs
. . . largely souled." Dryden.
Soulili
Sou"li*li` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A long-tailed, crested Javan monkey
(Semnopithecus mitratus). The head, the crest, and the upper surface
of the tail, are black.
Soulless
Soul"less (?), a. Being without a soul, or without greatness or
nobleness of mind; mean; spiritless.
Slave, souless villain, dog! Shak.
Soullessly
Soul"less*ly, adv. In a soulless manner. Tylor.
Soun
Soun (?), n. & v. Sound. [Obs.] aucer.
Sound
Sound (?), n. [AS. sund a swimming, akin to E. swim. See Swim.] The
air bladder of a fish; as, cod sounds are an esteemed article of food.
Sound
Sound, n. (Zo\'94l.) A cuttlefish. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
Sound
Sound, a. [Compar. Sounder (?); superl. Soundest.] [OE. sound, AS.
sund; akin to D. gezond, G. gesund, OHG. gisunt, Dan. & Sw. sund, and
perhaps to L. sanus. Cf. Sane.]
1. Whole; unbroken; unharmed; free from flaw, defect, or decay;
perfect of the kind; as, sound timber; sound fruit; a sound tooth; a
sound ship.
2. Healthy; not diseased; not being in a morbid state; -- said of body
or mind; as, a sound body; a sound constitution; a sound
understanding.
3. Firm; strong; safe.
The brasswork here, how rich it is in beams, And how, besides, it
makes the whole house sound. Chapman.
4. Free from error; correct; right; honest; true; faithful; orthodox;
-- said of persons; as, a sound lawyer; a sound thinker.
Do not I know you a favorer Of this new seat? Ye are nor sound.
Shak.
5. Founded in truth or right; supported by justice; not to be
overthrown on refuted; not fallacious; as, sound argument or
reasoning; a sound objection; sound doctrine; sound principles.
Hold fast the form of sound words, which thou hast heard of me. 2
Tim. i. 13.
6. heavy; laid on with force; as, a sound beating.
7. Undisturbed; deep; profound; as, sound sleep.
8. Founded in law; legal; valid; not defective; as, a sound title to
land.
NOTE: &hand; So und is so metimes us ed in th e fo rmation of
self-explaining compounds; as, sound-headed, sound-hearted,
sound-timbered, etc.
Sound currency (Com.), a currency whose actual value is the same as
its nominal value; a currency which does not deteriorate or depreciate
or fluctuate in comparision with the standard of values.
Sound
Sound, adv. Soundly.
So sound he slept that naught might him awake. Spenser.
Sound
Sound, n. [AS. sund a narrow sea or strait; akin to Icel., Sw., Dan. &
G. sund, probably so named because it could be swum across. See Swim.]
(Geog.) A narrow passage of water, or a strait between the mainland
and an island; also, a strait connecting two seas, or connecting a sea
or lake with the ocean; as, the Sound between the Baltic and the
german Ocean; Long Island Sound.
The Sound of Denmark, where ships pay toll. Camden.
Sound dues, tolls formerly imposed by Denmark on vessels passing
through the Baltic Sound.
Sound
Sound, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Sounding.] [F.
sonder; cf. AS. sundgyrd a sounding rod, sundline a sounding line (see
Sound a narrow passage of water).]
1. To measure the depth of; to fathom; especially, to ascertain the
depth of by means of a line and plummet.
2. Fig.: To ascertain, or try to ascertain, the thoughts, motives, and
purposes of (a person); to examine; to try; to test; to probe.
I was in jest, And by that offer meant to sound your breast.
Dryden.
I've sounded my Numidians man by man. Addison.
3. (Med.) To explore, as the bladder or urethra, with a sound; to
examine with a sound; also, to examine by auscultation or percussion;
as, to sound a patient.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1375
Sound
Sound (?), v. i. To ascertain the depth of water with a sounding line
or other device.
I sound as a shipman soundeth in the sea with his plummet to know
the depth of sea. Palsgrave.
Sound
Sound, n. [F. sonde. See Sound to fathom.] (Med.) Any elongated
instrument or probe, usually metallic, by which cavities of the body
are sounded or explored, especially the bladder for stone, or the
urethra for a stricture.
Sound
Sound, n. [OE. soun, OF. son, sun, F. son, fr. L. sonus akin to Skr.
svana sound, svan to sound, and perh. to E. swan. Cf. Assonant,
Consonant, Person, Sonata, Sonnet, Sonorous, Swan.]
1. The peceived object occasioned by the impulse or vibration of a
material substance affecting the ear; a sensation or perception of the
mind received through the ear, and produced by the impulse or
vibration of the air or other medium with which the ear is in contact;
the effect of an impression made on the organs of hearing by an
impulse or vibration of the air caused by a collision of bodies, or by
other means; noise; report; as, the sound of a drum; the sound of the
human voice; a horrid sound; a charming sound; a sharp, high, or
shrill sound.
The warlike sound Of trumpets loud and clarions. Milton.
2. The occasion of sound; the impulse or vibration which would
occasion sound to a percipient if present with unimpaired; hence, the
theory of vibrations in elastic media such cause sound; as, a treatise
on sound.
NOTE: &hand; In th is se nse, so unds are spoken of as audible and
inaudible.
3. Noise without signification; empty noise; noise and nothing else.
Sense and not sound . . . must be the principle. Locke.
Sound boarding, boards for holding pugging, placed in partitions of
under floors in order to deaden sounds. -- Sound bow, in a series of
transverse sections of a bell, that segment against which the clapper
strikes, being the part which is most efficacious in producing the
sound. See Illust. of Bell. -- Sound post. (Mus.) See Sounding post,
under Sounding.
Sound
Sound, v. i. [OE. sounen, sownen, OF. soner, suner, F. sonner, from L.
sonare. See Sound a noise.]
1. To make a noise; to utter a voice; to make an impulse of the air
that shall strike the organs of hearing with a perceptible effect.
"And first taught speaking trumpets how to sound." Dryden.
How silver-sweet sound lovers' tongues! Shak.
2. To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or published; to convey
intelligence by sound.
From you sounded out the word of the Lord. 1 Thess. i. 8.
3. To make or convey a certain impression, or to have a certain
import, when heard; hence, to seem; to appear; as, this reproof sounds
harsh; the story sounds like an invention.
Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fear Things that do sound
so fair? Shak.
To sound in OR into, to tend to; to partake of the nature of; to be
consonant with. [Obs., except in the phrase To sound in damages,
below.]
Soun[d]ing in moral virtue was his speech. Chaucer.
-- To sound in damages (Law), to have the essential quality of
damages. This is said of an action brought, not for the recovery of a
specific thing, as replevin, etc., but for damages only, as trespass,
and the like.
Sound
Sound, v. t.
1. To causse to make a noise; to play on; as, to sound a trumpet or a
horn.
A bagpipe well could he play and soun[d]. Chaucer.
2. To cause to exit as a sound; as, to sound a note with the voice, or
on an instrument.
3. To order, direct, indicate, or proclain by a sound, or sounds; to
give a signal for by a certain sound; as, to sound a retreat; to sound
a parley.
The clock sounded the hour of noon. G. H. Lewes.
4. To celebrate or honor by sounds; to cause to be reported; to
publish or proclaim; as, to sound the praises of fame of a great man
or a great exploit.
5. To examine the condition of (anything) by causing the same to emit
sounds and noting their character; as, to sound a piece of timber; to
sound a vase; to sound the lungs of a patient.
6. To signify; to import; to denote. [Obs.] Milton.
Soun[d]ing alway the increase of his winning. Chaucer.
Soundable
Sound"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being sounded.
Soundage
Sound"age (?; 48), n. Dues for soundings.
Sound-board
Sound"-board` (?), n. A sounding-board.
To many a row of pipes the sound-board breathes. Milton.
Sounder
Sound"er (?), n. One who, or that which; sounds; specifically, an
instrument used in telegraphy in place of a register, the
communications being read by sound.
Sounder
Sound"er, n. (Zo\'94l.) A herd of wild hogs.
Sounding
Sound"ing, a. Making or emitting sound; hence, sonorous; as, sounding
words. Dryden.
Sounding
Sound"ing, n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, sounds (in any of the senses of
the several verbs).
2. (Naut.) [From Sound to fathom.] (a) measurement by sounding; also,
the depth so ascertained. (b) Any place or part of the ocean, or other
water, where a sounding line will reach the bottom; -- usually in the
plural. (c) The sand, shells, or the like, that are brought up by the
sounding lead when it has touched bottom.
Sounding lead, the plummet at the end of a sounding line. -- Sounding
line, a line having a plummet at the end, used in making soundings. --
Sounding post (Mus.), a small post in a violin, violoncello, or
similar instrument, set under the bridge as a support, for propagating
the sounds to the body of the instrument; -- called also sound post.
-- Sounding rod (Naut.), a rod used to ascertain the depth of water in
a ship's hold. -- In soundings, within the eighty-fathom line. Ham.
Nav. Encyc.
Sounding-board
Sound"ing-board` (?), n.
1. (Mus.) A thin board which propagates the sound in a piano, in a
violin, and in some other musical instruments.
2. A board or structure placed behind or over a pulpit or rostrum to
give distinctness to a speaker's voice.
3. pl. See Sound boarding, under Sound, a noise.
Soundless
Sound"less (?), a. Not capable of being sounded or fathomed;
unfathomable. Shak.
Soundless
Sound"less, a. Having no sound; noiseless; silent. -- Sound"less*ly,
adv. -- Sound"less*ness, n.
Soundly
Sound"ly, adv. In a sound manner.
Soundness
Sound"ness, n. The quality or state of being sound; as, the soundness
of timber, of fruit, of the teeth, etc.; the soundness of reasoning or
argument; soundness of faith. Syn. -- Firmness; strength; solidity;
healthiness; truth; rectitude.
Soune
Soune (?), v. t. & i. To sound. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sounst
Sounst (?), a. Soused. See Souse. [Obs.]
Soup
Soup (?), n. [F. soupe, OF. sope, supe, soupe, perhaps originally, a
piece of bread; probably of Teutonic origin; cf. D. sop sop, G. suppe
soup. See Sop something dipped in a liquid, and cf. Supper.] A liquid
food of many kinds, usually made by boiling meat and vegetables, or
either of them, in water, -- commonly seasoned or flavored; strong
broth. Soup kitchen, an establishment for preparing and supplying soup
to the poor. -- Soup ticket, a ticket conferring the privilege of
receiving soup at a soup kitchen.
Soup
Soup, v. t. To sup or swallow. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Soup
Soup, v. t. To breathe out. [Obs.] amden.
Soup
Soup, v. t. To sweep. See Sweep, and Swoop. [Obs.]
Soupe-maigre
Soupe`-mai"gre (?), n. [F.] (Cookery) Soup made chiefly from
vegetables or fish with a little butter and a few condiments.
Souple
Sou"ple (?), n. That part of a flail which strikes the grain. Knight.
Soupy
Soup"y (?), a. Resembling soup; souplike.
Sour
Sour (?), a. [Compar. Sourer (?); superl. Sourest.] [OE. sour, sur,
AS. s; akin to D. zuur, G. sauer, OHG. s, Icel. s, Sw. sur, Dan. suur,
Lith. suras salt, Russ. surovui harsh, rough. Cf. Sorrel, the plant.]
1. Having an acid or sharp, biting taste, like vinegar, and the juices
of most unripe fruits; acid; tart.
All sour things, as vinegar, provoke appetite. Bacon.
2. Changed, as by keeping, so as to be acid, rancid, or musty, turned.
3. Disagreeable; unpleasant; hence; cross; crabbed; peevish; morose;
as, a man of a sour temper; a sour reply. "A sour countenance." Swift.
He was a scholar . . . Lofty and sour to them that loved him not,
But to those men that sought him sweet as summer. Shak.
4. Afflictive; painful. "Sour adversity." Shak.
5. Cold and unproductive; as, sour land; a sour marsh.
Sour dock (Bot.), sorrel. -- Sour gourd (Bot.), the gourdlike fruit
Adansonia Gregorii, and A. digitata; also, either of the trees bearing
this fruit. See Adansonia. -- Sour grapes. See under Grape. -- Sour
gum (Bot.) See Turelo. -- Sour plum (Bot.), the edible acid fruit of
an Australian tree (Owenia venosa); also, the tree itself, which
furnished a hard reddish wood used by wheelwrights. Syn. -- Acid;
sharp; tart; acetous; acetose; harsh; acrimonious; crabbed; currish;
peevish.
Sour
Sour, n. A sour or acid substance; whatever produces a painful effect.
Spenser.
Sour
Sour, v. t. [AS. s to sour, to become sour.]
1. To cause to become sour; to cause to turn from sweet to sour; as,
exposure to the air sours many substances.
So the sun's heat, with different powers, Ripens the grape, the
liquor sours. Swift.
2. To make cold and unproductive, as soil. Mortimer.
3. To make unhappy, uneasy, or less agreeable.
To sour your happiness I must report, The queen is dead. Shak.
4. To cause or permit to become harsh or unkindly. "Souring his
cheeks." Shak.
Pride had not sour'd nor wrath debased my heart. Harte.
5. To macerate, and render fit for plaster or mortar; as, to sour lime
for business purposes.
Sour
Sour, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Soured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Souring.] To
become sour; to turn from sweet to sour; as, milk soon sours in hot
weather; a kind temper sometimes sours in adversity.
They keep out melancholy from the virtuous, and hinder the hatred
of vice from souring into severity. Addison.
Source
Source (?), n. [OE. sours, OF. sourse, surse, sorse, F. source, fr.
OF. sors, p.p. of OF. sordre, surdre, sourdre, to spring forth or up,
F. sourdre, fr. L. surgere to lift or raise up, to spring up. See
Surge, and cf. Souse to plunge or swoop as a bird upon its prey.]
1. The act of rising; a rise; an ascent. [Obs.]
Therefore right as an hawk upon a sours Up springeth into the air,
right so prayers . . . Maken their sours to Goddes ears two.
Chaucer.
2. The rising from the ground, or beginning, of a stream of water or
the like; a spring; a fountain.
Where as the Poo out of a welle small Taketh his firste springing
and his sours. Chaucer.
Kings that rule Behind the hidden sources of the Nile. Addison.
3. That from which anything comes forth, regarded as its cause or
origin; the person from whom anything originates; first cause.
This source of ideas every man has wholly in himself. Locke.
The source of Newton's light, of Bacon's sense. Pope.
Syn. -- See Origin.
Sourcrout
Sour"crout` (?), n. See Sauerkraut.
Sourde
Sourde (?), v. i. [F. sourdre. See Source.] To have origin or source;
to rise; to spring. [Obs.]
Now might men ask whereof that pride sourdeth. Chaucer.
Souring
Sour"ing (?), n. (Bot.) Any sour apple.
Sourish
Sour"ish, a. Somewhat sour; moderately acid; as, sourish fruit; a
sourish taste.
Sourkrout
Sour"krout` (?), n. Same as Sauerkraut.
Sourly
Sour"ly, adv. In a sour manner; with sourness.
Sourness
Sour"ness, n. The quality or state of being sour.
Sours
Sours (?), n. Source. See Source. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Soursop
Sour"sop` (?), n. (Bot.) The large succulent and slightly acid fruit
of a small tree (Anona muricata) of the West Indies; also, the tree
itself. It is closely allied to the custard apple.
Sourwood
Sour"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The sorrel tree.
Sous, Souse
Sous, Souse (F. s&oomac;; colloq. Eng. sous), n. A corrupt form of
Sou. [Obs.] Colman, the Elder.
Souse
Souse (?), n. [OF. sausse. See Sauce.] [Written also souce, sowce, and
sowse.]
1. Pickle made with salt.
2. Something kept or steeped in pickle; esp., the pickled ears, feet,
etc., of swine.
And he that can rear up a pig in his house, Hath cheaper his bacon,
and sweeter his souse. Tusser.
3. The ear; especially, a hog's ear. [Prov. Eng.]
4. The act of sousing; a plunging into water.
Souse
Souse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soused (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sousing.] [Cf.
F. saucer to wet with sauce. See Souse pickle.]
1. To steep in pickle; to pickle. "A soused gurnet." Shak.
2. To plunge or immerse in water or any liquid.
They soused me over head and ears in water. Addison.
3. To drench, as by an immersion; to wet throughly.
Although I be well soused in this shower. Gascoigne.
Souse
Souse, v. i. [Probably fr. OF. sors, p.p. of sordre to rise, and first
used of an upward swood, then of a swoop in general, but also confused
with Souse, v. t. See Source.] To swoop or plunge, as a bird upon its
prey; to fall suddenly; to rush with speed; to make a sudden attack.
For then I viewed his plunge and souse Into the foamy main.
Marston.
Jove's bird will souse upon the timorous hare. J. Dryden. Jr.
Souse
Souse, v. t. To pounce upon. [R.]
[The gallant monarch] like eagle o'er his serie towers, To souse
annoyance that comes near his nest. Shak.
Souse
Souse, n. The act of sousing, or swooping.
As a falcon fair That once hath failed or her souse full near.
Spenser.
Souse
Souse, adv. With a sudden swoop; violently. Young.
Souslik
Sous"lik (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) See Suslik.
Sout
Sout (?), n. Soot. [Obs.] Spenser.
Soutache
Sou`tache" (?), n. [F.] A kind of narrow braid, usually of silk; --
also known as Russian braid.
Soutage
Sout"age (? OR ?; 48), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] That in which anything
is packed; bagging, as for hops. [Obs.] Halliwell.
Soutane
Sou`tane" (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. sotana, or It. sottana, LL. subtana,
fr. L. subtus below, beneath, fr. sub under.] (Eccl. Costume) A close
garnment with straight sleeves, and skirts reaching to the ankles, and
buttoned in front from top to bottom; especially, the black garment of
this shape worn by the clergy in France and Italy as their daily
dress; a cassock.
Souter
Sou"ter (?), n. [AS. s, fr. It. sutor, fr. suere to sew.] A shoemaker;
a cobbler. [Obs.] Chaucer.
There is no work better than another to please God: . . . to wash
dishes, to be a souter, or an apostle, -- all is one. Tyndale.
Souterly
Sou"ter*ly, a. Of or pertaining to a cobbler or cobblers; like a
cobbler; hence, vulgar; low. [Obs.]
Souterrain
Sou"ter*rain (?), n. [F. See Subterranean.] A grotto or cavern under
ground. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
South
South (?; by sailors sou), n. [OE. south, suþ, AS. s&umac;&edh; for
sun&edh;; akin to D. zuid, OHG. sund, G. s\'81d, s\'81den, Icel.
su&edh;r, sunnr, Dan. syd, s\'94nden, Sw. syd, s\'94der, sunnan; all
probably akin to E. sun, meaning, the side towards the sun. &root;297.
See Sun.]
1. That one of the four cardinal points directly opposite to the
north; the region or direction to the right or direction to the right
of a person who faces the east.
2. A country, region, or place situated farther to the south than
another; the southern section of a country. "The queen of the south."
Matt. xii. 42.
3. Specifically: That part of the United States which is south of
Mason and Dixon's line. See under Line.
4. The wind from the south. [Obs.] Shak.
South
South, a. Lying toward the south; situated at the south, or in a
southern direction from the point of observation or reckoning;
proceeding toward the south, or coming from the south; blowing from
the south; southern; as, the south pole. "At the south entry." Shak.
South-Sea tea (Bot.) See Yaupon.
South
South, adv.
1. Toward the south; southward.
2. From the south; as, the wind blows south. Bacon.
South
South (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Southed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Southing.]
1. To turn or move toward the south; to veer toward the south.
2. (Astron.) To come to the meridian; to cross the north and south
line; -- said chiefly of the moon; as, the moon souths at nine.
Southcottian
South*cot"ti*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Joanna Southcott
(1750-1814), an Englishwoman who, professing to have received a
miraculous calling, preached and prophesied, and committed many
impious absurdities.
Southdown
South"down` (?), a. Of or pertaining to the South Downs, a range of
pasture hills south of the Thames, in England. Southdown sheep
(Zo\'94l.), a celebrated breed of shortwooled, hornless sheep, highly
valued on account of the delicacy of their flesh. So called from the
South Downs where the breed originated.
Southdown
South"down`, n. A Southdown sheep.
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Page 1376
Southeast
South`east" (?; by sailors sou"-), n. The point of the compass equally
distant from the south and the east; the southeast part or region.
Southeast
South`east (?; by sailors sou"-), a. Of or pertaining to the
southeast; proceeding toward, or coming from, the southeast; as, a
southeast course; a southeast wind.
Southeaster
South`east"er (?), n. A storm, strong wind, or gale coming from the
southeast.
Southeaster
South`east"er, adv. Toward the southeast.
Southeastern
South`east"ern (?), a. Of or pertaining to the southeast;
southeasterly.
Southeastward, Southeastwardly
South`east"ward (?), South`east"ward*ly, adv. Toward the southeast.
Souther
South"er (?), n. A strong wind, gale, or storm from the south.
Southerliness
South"er*li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being southerly;
direction toward the south.
Southerly
South"er*ly (?; 277), a. Southern.
Southern
South"ern (?; 277), a. [AS. s. See South.] Of or pertaining to the
south; situated in, or proceeding from, the south; situated or
proceeding toward the south. Southern Cross (Astron.), a constellation
of the southern hemisphere containing several bright stars so related
in position as to resemble a cross. -- Southern Fish (Astron.), a
constelation of the southern hemisphere (Piscis Australis) containing
the bright star Fomalhaut. -- Southern States (U.S. Hist. & Geog.),
the States of the American Union lying south of Pennsylvania and the
Ohio River, with Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas. Before the Civil War,
Missouri also, being a slave State, was classed as one of the Southern
States.
Southern
South"ern, n. A Southerner. [R.]
Southerner
South"ern*er (?), n. An inhabitant or native of the south, esp. of the
Southern States of North America; opposed to Northerner.
Southernliness
South"ern*li*ness (?), n. Southerliness.
Southernly
South"ern*ly (?), a. Somewhat southern. -- adv. In a southerly manner
or course; southward.
Southernmost
South"ern*most` (?), a. Farthest south.
Southernwood
South"ern*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A shrubby species of wormwood
(Artemisia Abrotanum) having aromatic foliage. It is sometimes used in
making beer.
Southing
South"ing (?; 277), n.
1. Tendency or progress southward; as, the southing of the sun.
Emerson.
2. The time at which the moon, or other heavenly body, passes the
meridian of a place.
3. (Astron.) Distance of any heavenly body south of the equator; south
declination; south latitude.
4. (Surv. & Navigation) Distance southward from any point departure or
of reckoning, measured on a meridian; -- opposed to northing.
Southly
South"ly (?), adv. Southerly. [Obs. & R.]
Southmost
South"most` (?), a. Farthest toward the south; southernmost. [R.]
Milton.
Southness
South"ness, n. A tendency in the end of a magnetic needle to point
toward the south pole. Faraday.
Southren
South"ren (?), a. Southern. [Obs.] "I am a Southren man." Chaucer.
Southron
South"ron (?), n. An inhabitant of the more southern part of a
country; formerly, a name given in Scotland to any Englishman.
Southsay
South"say` (?), v. i. See Soothsay. [Obs.]
Southsayer
South"say`er (?), n. See Soothsayer. [Obs.]
South southerly
South` south"er*ly (?). (Zo\'94l.) the old squaw; -- so called in
imitation of its cry. Called also southerly, and southerland. See
under Old.
Southward; colloq.
South"ward (?; colloq. South"wards (?; colloq. , adv. Toward the
south, or toward a point nearer the south than the east or west point;
as, to go southward.
Southward
South"ward, a. Toward the south.
Southward
South"ward, n. The southern regions or countries; the south. Sir W.
Raleigh.
Southwardly
South"ward*ly, adv. In a southern direction.
Southwest
South`west (?; colloq. sou"-.), n. The point of the compass equally
from the south and the west; the southwest part or region.
Southwest
South`west", a. Pertaining to, or in the direction of, the southwest;
proceeding toward the southwest; coming from the southwest; as, a
southwest wind.
Southwester
South`west"er (?; colloq. , n.
1. A storm, gale, or strong wind from the southwest.
2. A hat made of painted canvas, oiled cloth, or the like, with a flap
at the back, -- worn in stormy weather.
Southwesterly
South`west"er*ly, a. To ward or from the southwest; as, a
southwesterly course; a southwesterly wind.
Southwestern
South`west"ern (?), a. Of or pertaining to the southwest;
southwesterly; as, to sail a southwestern course.
Southwestward, Southwestwardly
South`west"ward (?), South`west"ward*ly, adv. Toward the southwest.
Souvenance, Sovenaunce
Sou"ve*nance (?), So"ve*naunce (?), n. [F. souvenance.] Remembrance.
[Obs.]
Of his way he had no sovenance. Spenser.
Souvenir
Sou`ve*nir (? OR ?), n. [F., fr. souvenir to remember, fr. L.
subvenire to come up, come to mind; sub under + venire to come, akin
to E. come. See Come, and cf. Subvention.] That which serves as a
reminder; a remembrancer; a memento; a keepsake.
Sovereign
Sov"er*eign (? OR ?; 277), a. [OE. soverain, sovereyn, OF. soverain,
suvrain, F. souverain, LL. superanus, fr. L. superus that is above,
upper, higher, fr. super above. See Over, Super, and cf. Soprano. The
modern spelling is due to a supposed connection with reign.]
1. Supreme or highest in power; superior to all others; chief; as, our
sovereign prince.
2. Independent of, and unlimited by, any other; possessing, or
entitled to, original authority or jurisdiction; as, a sovereign
state; a sovereign discretion.
3. Princely; royal. "Most sovereign name." Shak.
At Babylon was his sovereign see. Chaucer.
4. Predominant; greatest; utmost; paramount.
We acknowledge him [God] our sovereign good. Hooker.
5. Efficacious in the highest degree; effectual; controlling; as, a
sovereign remedy. Dryden.
Such a sovereign influence has this passion upon the regulation of
the lives and actions of men. South.
Sovereign state, a state which administers its own government, and is
not dependent upon, or subject to, another power.
Sovereign
Sov"er*eign (? OR ?; 277), n.
1. The person, body, or state in which independent and supreme
authority is vested; especially, in a monarchy, a king, queen, or
emperor.
No question is to be made but that the bed of the Mississippi
belongs to the sovereign, that is, to the nation. Jefferson.
2. A gold coin of Great Britain, on which an effigy of the head of the
reigning king or queen is stamped, valued at one pound sterling, or
about $4.86.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any butterfly of the tribe Nymphalidi, or genus
Basilarchia, as the ursula and the viceroy. Syn. -- King; prince;
monarch; potentate; emperor.
Sovereignize
Sov"er*eign*ize (?), v. i. To exercise supreme authority. [Obs.] Sir
T. Herbert.
Sovereignly
Sov"er*eign*ly, adv. In a sovereign manner; in the highest degree;
supremely. Chaucer.
Sovereignty
Sov"er*eign*ty (?), n.; pl. Sovereignties (#). [OE. soverainetee, OF.
sovrainet\'82, F. souverainet\'82.] The quality or state of being
sovereign, or of being a sovereign; the exercise of, or right to
exercise, supreme power; dominion; sway; supremacy; independence;
also, that which is sovereign; a sovereign state; as, Italy was
formerly divided into many sovereignties.
Woman desiren to have sovereignty As well over their husband as
over their love. Chaucer.
Sovran
Sov"ran (?), a. A variant of Sovereign. [Poetic]
On thy bald, awful head, O sovran Blanc. Coleridge.
Sow
Sow (?), v. i. To sew. See Sew. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sow
Sow (?), n. [OE. sowe, suwe, AS. sugu, akin to s&umac;, D. zog, zeug,
OHG. s&umac;, G. sau, Icel. s&ymac;r, Dan. so, Sw. sugga, so, L. sus.
Gr. "y^s, sy^s, Zend. hu boar; probably from the root seen in Skr.
s&umac; to beget, to bear; the animal being named in allusion to its
fecundity. &root;294. Cf. Hyena, Soil to stain, Son, Swine.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The female of swine, or of the hog kind.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A sow bug.
3. (Metal.) (a) A channel or runner which receives the rows of molds
in the pig bed. (b) The bar of metal which remains in such a runner.
(c) A mass of solidified metal in a furnace hearth; a salamander.
4. (Mil.) A kind of covered shed, formerly used by besiegers in
filling up and passing the ditch of a besieged place, sapping and
mining the wall, or the like. Craig.
Sow bread. (Bot.) See Cyclamen. -- Sow bug, OR Sowbug (Zo\'94l.), any
one of numerous species of terrestrial Isopoda belonging to Oniscus,
Porcellio, and allied genera of the family Oniscid\'91. They feed
chiefly on decaying vegetable substances. -- Sow thistle [AS.
sugepistel] (Bot.), a composite plant (Sonchus oleraceus) said to be
eaten by swine and some other animals.
Sow
Sow (?), v. t. [imp. Sowed (?); p. p. Sown (?) or Sowed; p. pr. & vb.
n. Sowing.] [OE. sowen, sawen, AS. s\'bewan; akin to OFries. s, D.
zaaijen, OS. & HG. s\'bejan, G. s\'84en, Icel. s\'be, Sw. s\'86, Dan.
saae, Goth. saian, Lith. s&emac;ti, Russ. sieiate, L. serere, sevi.
Cf. Saturday, Season, Seed, Seminary.]
1. To scatter, as seed, upon the earth; to plant by strewing; as, to
sow wheat. Also used figuratively: To spread abroad; to propagate. "He
would sow some difficulty." Chaucer.
A sower went forth to sow; and when he sowed, some seeds fell by
the wayside. Matt. xiii. 3, 4.
And sow dissension in the hearts of brothers. Addison.
2. To scatter seed upon, in, or over; to supply or stock, as land,
with seeds. Also used figuratively: To scatter over; to besprinkle.
The intellectual faculty is a goodly field, . . . and it is the
worst husbandry in the world to sow it with trifles. Sir M. Hale.
[He] sowed with stars the heaven. Milton.
Now morn . . . sowed the earth with orient pearl. Milton.
Sow
Sow, v. i. To scatter seed for growth and the production of a crop; --
literally or figuratively.
They that sow in tears shall reap in joi. Ps. cxxvi. 5.
Sowans
Sow"ans (? OR ?), n. pl. See Sowens.
Sowar
Sow"ar (?), n. [Per. saw\'ber a horseman.] In India, a mounted
soldier.
Sowbane
Sow"bane` (?), n. (Bot.) The red goosefoot (Chenopodium rubrum), --
said to be fatal to swine.
Sowce
Sowce (?), n. & v. See Souse. [Obs.]
Sowdan
Sow"dan (?), n. [F. soudan. See Soldan.] Sultan. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sowdanesse
Sow"dan*esse` (?), n. A sultaness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sowens
Sow"ens (? OR ?), n. pl. [Scottish; cf. AS. se\'a0w juice, glue,
paste.] A nutritious article of food, much used in Scotland, made from
the husk of the oat by a process not unlike that by which common
starch is made; -- called flummery in England. [Written also sowans,
and sowins.]
Sower
Sow"er (?), n. One who, or that which, sows.
Sowins
Sow"ins (? OR ?), n. pl. See Sowens.
Sowl, Sowle
Sowl, Sowle (?), v. t. [Cf. prov. G. zaulen, zauseln, G. zausen to
tug, drag.] To pull by the ears; to drag about. [Obs.] hak.
Sowl
Sowl, v. i. See Soul, v. i. [Obs.]
Sown
Sown (?), p. p. of Sow.
Sowne
Sowne (?), v. t. & i. To sound. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sowse
Sowse (?), n. & v. See Souse. [Obs.] ryden.
Sowter
Sow"ter (?), n. See Souter. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Soy
Soy (?), n. [Chinese sh\'d3y\'d4.]
1. A Chinese and Japanese liquid sauce for fish, etc., made by
subjecting boiled beans (esp. soja beans), or beans and meal, to long
fermentation and then long digestion in salt and water.
2. (Bot.) The soja, a kind of bean. See Soja.
Soyle
Soyle (?), v. t. [Aphetic form of assoil.] To solve, to clear up; as,
to soyl all other texts. [Obs.] Tyndate.
Soyle
Soyle, n. [Cf. Soil to feed.] Prey. [Obs.] Spenser.
Soyned
Soyn"ed (? OR ?), a. [F. soigner to care.] Filled with care; anxious.
[Obs.] Mir. for Mag.
Sozzle
Soz"zle (?), v. t. [Freq. from soss, v.]
1. To splash or wet carelessly; as, to sozzle the feet in water.
[Local, U.S.] Bartlett.
2. To heap up in confusion. [Prov. Eng.] Forby.
Sozzle
Soz"zle, n.
1. One who spills water or other liquids carelessly; specifically, a
sluttish woman. [Local, U.S.]
2. A mass, or heap, confusedly mingled. [Prov. Eng.]
Spa
Spa (?; 277), n. A spring or mineral water; -- so called from a place
of this name in Belgium.
Spaad
Spaad (?), n. [Cf. G. spath spar. See Spar the mineral.] (Min.) A kind
of spar; earth flax, or amianthus. [Obs.] oodward.
Space
Space (?), n. [OE. space, F. espace, from L. spatium space; cf. Gr.
span. Cf. Expatiate.]
1. Extension, considered independently of anything which it may
contain; that which makes extended objects conceivable and possible.
Pure space is capable neither of resistance nor motion. Locke.
2. Place, having more or
They gave him chase, and hunted him as hare; Long had he no space
to dwell [in]. R. of Brunne.
While I have time and space. Chaucer.
3. A quantity or portion of extension; distance from one thing to
another; an interval between any two or more objects; as, the space
between two stars or two hills; the sound was heard for the space of a
mile.
Put a space betwixt drove and drove. Gen. xxxii. 16.
4. Quantity of time; an interval between two points of time; duration;
time. "Grace God gave him here, this land to keep long space." R. of
brunne.
Nine times the space that measures day and night. Milton.
God may defer his judgments for a time, and give a people a longer
space of repentance. Tillotson.
5. A short time; a while. [R.] "To stay your deadly strife a space."
Spenser.
6. Walk; track; path; course. [Obs.]
This ilke [same] monk let old things pace, And held after the new
world the space. Chaucer.
7. (print.) (a) A small piece of metal cast lower than a face type, so
as not to receive the ink in printing, -- used to separate words or
letters. (b) The distance or interval between words or letters in the
lines, or between lines, as in books.
NOTE: &hand; Sp aces ar e of di fferent th icknesses to enable the
compositor to arrange the words at equal distances from each other
in the same line.
8. (Mus.) One of the intervals, or open places, between the lines of
the staff.
Absolute space, Euclidian space, etc. See under Absolute, Euclidian,
etc. -- Space line (Print.), a thin piece of metal used by printers to
open the lines of type to a regular distance from each other, and for
other purposes; a lead. Hansard. -- Space rule (Print.), a fine, thin,
short metal rule of the same height as the type, used in printing
short lines in tabular matter.
Space
Space, v. i. [Cf. OF. espacier, L. spatiari. See Space, n.] To walk;
to rove; to roam. [Obs.]
And loved in forests wild to space. Spenser.
Space
Space, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spacong (?).]
[Cf. F. espacer. See Space, n.] (Print.) To arrange or adjust the
spaces in or between; as, to space words, lines, or letters.
Spaceful
Space"ful (?), a. Wide; extensive. Sandys.
Spaceless
Space"less, a. Without space. Coleridge.
Spacial
Spa"cial (?), a. See Spatial.
Spacially
Spa"cial*ly, adv. See Spatially. Sir W,Hamilton.
Spacious
Spa"cious (?), a. [L. spatiousus: cf. F. spacieux. See Space, n.]
1. Extending far and wide; vast in extent. "A spacious plain
outstretched in circuit wide." Milton.
2. Inclosing an extended space; having large or ample room; not
contracted or narrow; capacious; roomy; as, spacious bounds; a
spacious church; a spacious hall. -- Spa"cious*ly, adv. --
Spa"cious*ness, n.
Spadassin
Spa`das`sin" (?), n. [F., fr. It. spadaccino a swordsman, from spada a
sword.] A bravo; a bully; a duelist. Ld. Lytton.
Spaddle
Spad"dle (?), n. A little spade. [Obs.]
Spade
Spade (?), n. [Cf. Spay, n.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A hart or stag three years old. [Written also spaid,
spayade.]
2. [Cf. L. spado.] A castrated man or beast.
Spade
Spade, n. [AS. sp\'91d; spada; akin to D. spade, G. spaten, Icel.
spa&edh;i, Dan. & Sw. spade, L. spatha a spatula, a broad two-edged
sword, a spathe, Gr. spa`qh. Cf. Epaulet, Spade at cards, Spathe,
Spatula.]
1. An implement for digging or cutting the ground, consisting usually
of an oblong and nearly rectangular blade of iron, with a handle like
that of a shovel. "With spade and pickax armed." Milton.
2. [Sp. espada, literally, a sword; -- so caused because these cards
among the Spanish bear the figure of a sword. Sp. espada is fr. L.
spatha, Gr. spa`qh. See the Etymology above.] One of that suit of
cards each of which bears one or more figures resembling a spade.
"Let spades be trumps!" she said. Pope.
3. A cutting instrument used in flensing a whale.
Spade bayonet, a bayonet with a broad blade which may be used digging;
-- called also trowel bayonet. -- Spade handle (Mach.), the forked end
of a connecting rod in which a pin is held at both ends. See Illust.
of Knuckle joint, under Knuckle.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1377
Spade
Spade (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Spading.] To
dig with a spade; to pare off the sward of, as land, with a spade.
Spadebone
Spade"bone` (, n. Shoulder blade. [Prov. Eng.]
Spadefish
Spade"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An American market fish
(Ch\'91todipterus faber) common on the southern coasts; -- called also
angel fish, moonfish, and porgy.
Spadefoot
Spade"foot` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of burrowing toads of the
genus Scaphiopus, esp. S. Holbrookii, of the Eastern United States; --
called also spade toad.
Spadeful
Spade"ful (?), n.; pl. Spadefuls (#). [Spade + full.] As much as a
spade will hold or lift.
Spader
Spad"er (?), n. One who, or that which, spades; specifically, a
digging machine.
Spadiceous
Spa*di"ceous (?), a. [L. spadix, -icis, a date-brown or nut-brown
color. See Spadix.]
1. Of a bright clear brown or chestnut color. Sir T. Browne.
2. (Bot.) Bearing flowers on a spadix; of the nature of a spadix.
Spadicose
Spa"di*cose` (?), a. (Bot.) Spadiceous.
Spadille
Spa*dille" (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. espadilla, dim. of espada. See Spade a
card.] (Card Playing) The ace of spades in omber and quadrille.
Spadix
Spa"dix (?), n.; pl. L. Spadices (#), E. Spadixes (#). [L., a palm
branch broken off, with its fruit, Gr.
1. (Bot.) A fleshy spike of flowers, usually inclosed in a leaf called
a spathe.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A special organ of the nautilus, due to a modification
of the posterior tentacles.
Spado
Spa"do (?), n.; pl. Spadones (#). [L., fr. Gr.
1. Same as Spade, 2.
2. (Law) An impotent person.
Spadroon
Spa*droon" (?), n. [Cf. F. & Sp. espadon, It. spadone. See Espadon,
Spade.] A sword, especially a broadsword, formerly used both to cut
and thrust.
Spae
Spae (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Spaed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spaeing.]
[Scot. spae, spay, to foretell, to divine, Icel. sp\'be.] To foretell;
to divine. [Scot.]
Spaeman
Spae"man (?), n. A prophet; a diviner. [Scot.]
Spaewife
Spae"wife` (?), n. A female fortune teller. [Scot.]
Spaghetti
Spa*ghet"ti (?), n. [It.] A variety or macaroni made in tubes of small
diameter.
Spagyric, Spagyrical
Spa*gyr"ic (?), Spa*gyr"ic*al (?), a. [LL. sparygicus, fr. Gr.
spagirique.] Chemical; alchemical. [Obs.]
Spagyric
Spa*gyr"ic, n. A spagyrist. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Spagyrist
Spag"y*rist (?), n. [Cf. F. spagiriste.]
1. A chemist, esp. one devoted to alchemistic pursuits. [Obs.]
2. One of a sect which arose in the days of alchemy, who sought to
discover remedies for disease by chemical means. The spagyrists
historically preceded the iatrochemists. Encyc. Brit.
Spahi, Spahee
Spa"hi (?), Spa"hee, n. [Per., Turk., & Hind. sip\'beh\'c6: cf. F.
spahi. See Seroy.]
1. Formerly, one of the Turkish cavalry.
2. An Algerian cavalryman in the French army.
Spaid
Spaid (?), n. See 1st Spade.
Spake
Spake (?), archaic imp. of Speak.
Spakenet
Spake"net` (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A net for catching crabs.
Halliwell.
Spaky
Spak"y (?), a. Specky. [Obs.] hapman.
Spalding knife
Spald"ing knife` (?). A spalting knife.
Spale
Spale (?), n. [Cf. Spell a splinter.]
1. A lath; a shaving or chip, as of wood or stone. [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]
2. (Shipbuilding) A strengthening cross timber.
Spall
Spall (?), n. [OF. espaule; cf. It. spalla. See Epaule.] The shoulder.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Spall
Spall, n. [Prov. E. spall, spell. See Spale, Spell a splinter.] A chip
or fragment, especially a chip of stone as struck off the block by the
hammer, having at least one feather-edge.
Spall
Spall, v. t.
1. (Mining) To break into small pieces, as ore, for the purpose of
separating from rock. Pryce.
2. (Masonry) To reduce, as irregular blocks of stone, to an
approximately level surface by hammering.
Spall
Spall, v. i. To give off spalls, or wedge-shaped chips; -- said of
stone, as when badly set, with the weight thrown too much on the outer
surface.
Spalpeen
Spal"peen (?), n. [Ir. spailpin, fr. spailp a beau, pride,
self-conceit.] A scamp; an Irish term for a good-for-nothing fellow;
-- often used in good-humored contempt or ridicule. [Colloq.]
Spalt
Spalt (?), n. [Cf. G. spaltstein, from spalten to split. See 1st
Spell.] (Metal.) Spelter. [Colloq.]
Spalt
Spalt, a. [See 1st Spell.]
1. Liable to break or split; brittle; as, spalt timber. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
2. Heedless; clumsy; pert; saucy. [Prov. Eng.]
Spalt
Spalt, v. t. & i. [Cf. OE. spalden. See Spalt, a.] To split off; to
cleave off, as chips from a piece of timber, with an ax. [Prov. Eng. &
Local, U.S.]
Spalting knife
Spalt"ing knife` (?). A knife used in splitting codfish. [Written also
spalding knife.]
Span
Span (?), archaic imp. & p. p. of Spin.
Span
Span, n. [AS. spann; akin to D. span, OHG. spanna, G. spanne, Icel.
sp\'94nn. &root;170. See Span, v. t. ]
1. The space from the thumb to the end of the little finger when
extended; nine inches; eighth of a fathom.
2. Hence, a small space or a brief portion of time.
Yet not to earth's contracted span Thy goodness let me bound. Pope.
Life's but a span; I'll every inch enjoy. Farquhar.
3. The spread or extent of an arch between its abutments, or of a
beam, girder, truss, roof, bridge, or the like, between its supports.
4. (Naut.) A rope having its ends made fast so that a purchase can be
hooked to the bight; also, a rope made fast in the center so that both
ends can be used.
5. [Cf. D. span, Sw. spann, Dan. sp\'91nd, G. gespann. See Span, v. t.
] A pair of horses or other animals driven together; usually, such a
pair of horses when similar in color, form, and action.
Span blocks (Naut.), blocks at the topmast and topgallant-mast heads,
for the studding-sail halyards. -- Span counter, an old English
child's game, in which one throws a counter on the ground, and another
tries to hit it with his counter, or to get his counter so near it
that he can span the space between them, and touch both the counters.
Halliwell. "Henry V., in whose time boys went to span counter for
French crowns." Shak. -- Span iron (Naut.), a special kind of harpoon,
usually secured just below the gunwale of a whaleboat. -- Span roof, a
common roof, having two slopes and one ridge, with eaves on both
sides. Gwilt. -- Span shackle (Naut.), a large bolt driven through the
forecastle deck, with a triangular shackle in the head to receive the
heel of the old-fashioned fish davit. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Span
Span (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spanned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spanning.]
[AS. pannan; akin to D. & G. spannen, OHG. spannan, Sw. sp\'84nna,
Dan. sp\'91nde, Icel. spenna, and perh. to Gr. spatium space.
&root;170. Cf. Spin, v. t., Space, Spasm.]
1. To measure by the span of the hand with the fingers extended, or
with the fingers encompassing the object; as, to span a space or
distance; to span a cylinder.
My right hand hath spanned the heavens. Isa. xiviii. 13.
2. To reach from one side of to the order; to stretch over as an arch.
The rivers were spanned by arches of solid masonry. prescott.
3. To fetter, as a horse; to hobble.
Span
Span, v. i. To be matched, as horses. [U. S.]
Span\'91mia
Spa*n\'91"mi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A condition of
impoverishment of the blood; a morbid state in which the red
corpuscles, or other important elements of the blood, are deficient.
<-- [Obs.] this and next word not in Stedman's. Presumably succeded by
anaemia, which is in this dictionary. Why no cross-ref? -->
Span\'91mic
Spa*n\'91"mic (? OR ?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to span\'91mia;
having impoverished blood.
Spancel
Span"cel (?), n. [Perhaps span + AS. s\'bel a rope.] A rope used for
tying or hobbling the legs of a horse or cow. [Prov. Eng. & Local,
U.S.] <-- different usage in White's "Once and future king" --> Grose.
Spancel
Span"cel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spanceled (?) or Spancelled; p. pr. &
vb. n. Spanceling OR Spancelling.] To tie or hobble with a spancel.
[Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.] Malone. <-- Spandex. An elastic textile
material, used for clothing -->
Spandogs
Span"dogs` (?), n. pl. A pair of grappling dogs for hoisting logs and
timber.
Spandrel
Span"drel (?), n. [From Span.]
1. (Arch.) The irregular triangular space between the curve of an arch
and the inclosing right angle; or the space between the outer moldings
of two contiguous arches and a horizontal line above them, or another
arch above and inclosing them.
2. A narrow mat or passe partout for a picture. [Cant]
Spane
Spane (?), v. t. [Akin to G. sp\'84nen, LG. & D. spennen, AS. spanu a
teat.] To wean. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Spang
Spang (?), v. t. To spangle. [Obs.]
Spang
Spang, v. i. To spring; to bound; to leap. [Scot.]
But when they spang o'er reason's fence, We smart for't at our own
expense. Ramsay.
Spang
Spang, n. A bound or spring. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Spang
Spang, n. [AS. spange a clasp or fastening; akin to D. spang, G.
spange, OHG. spanga, Icel. sp\'94ng a spangle.] A spangle or shining
ornament. [Obs.]
With glittering spangs that did like stars appear. Spenser.
Spangle
Span"gle (?), n. [OE. spangel, dim. of AS. spange. See Spang a
spangle.]
1. A small plate or boss of shining metal; something brilliant used as
an ornament, especially when stitched on the dress.
2. Figuratively, any little thing that sparkless. "The rich spangles
that adorn the sky." Waller.
Oak spangle. See under Oak.
Spangle
Span"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spangled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spangling
(?).] To set or sprinkle with, or as with, spangles; to adorn with
small, distinct, brilliant bodies; as, a spangled breastplate. Donne.
What stars do spangle heaven with such beauty? Shak.
Spangled coquette (Zo\'94l.), a tropical humming bird (Lophornis
regin\'91). See Coquette, 2.
Spangle
Span"gle, v. i. To show brilliant spots or points; to glisten; to
glitter.
Some men by feigning words as dark as mine Make truth to spangle,
and its rays to shine. Bunyan.
Spangler
Span"gler (?), n. One who, or that which, spangles.
Spangly
Span"gly (?), a. Resembling, or consisting of, spangles; glittering;
as, spangly light.
Spaniard
Span"iard (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Spain.
Spaniel
Span"iel (?), n. [OF. espagneul, F. \'82pagneul, espagnol Spanish, Sp.
espa\'a4nol, fr. Espa\'a4a Spain, from L. Hispania.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) One of a breed of small dogs having long and thick hair
and large drooping ears. The legs are usually strongly feathered, and
the tail bushy. See Illust. under Clumber, and Cocker.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e se veral va rieties of sp aniels, some of
which, known as field spaniels, are used in hunting; others are
used for toy or pet dogs, as the Blenheim spaniel, and the King
Charles spaniel (see under Blenheim). Of the field spaniels, the
larger kinds are called springers, and to these belong the Sussex,
Norfolk, and Clumber spaniels (see Clumber). The smaller field
spaniels, used in hunting woodcock, are called cocker spaniels (see
Cocker). Field spaniels are remarkable for their activity and
intelligence.
As a spaniel she will on him leap. Chaucer.
2. A cringing, fawning person. Shak.
Spaniel
Span"iel (?), a. Cringing; fawning. Shak.
Spaniel
Span"iel, v. i. To fawn; to cringe; to be obsequious. [R.] Churchill.
Spaniel
Span"iel, v. t. To follow like a spaniel. [R.]
Spanish
Span"ish (?), a. Of or pertaining to Spain or the Spaniards. Spanish
bayonet (Bot.), a liliaceous plant (Yucca alorifolia) with rigid
spine-tipped leaves. The name is also applied to other similar plants
of the Southwestern United States and mexico. Called also Spanish
daggers. -- Spanish bean (Bot.) See the Note under Bean. -- Spanish
black, a black pigment obtained by charring cork. Ure. -- Spanish
broom (Bot.), a leguminous shrub (Spartium junceum) having many green
flexible rushlike twigs. -- Spanish brown, a species of earth used in
painting, having a dark reddish brown color, due to the presence of
sesquioxide of iron. -- Spanish buckeye (Bot.), a small tree (Ungnadia
speciosa) of Texas, New Mexico, etc., related to the buckeye, but
having pinnate leaves and a three-seeded fruit. -- Spanish burton
(Naut.), a purchase composed of two single blocks. A double Spanish
burton has one double and two single blocks. Luce (Textbook of
Seamanship). -- Spanish chalk (Min.), a kind of steatite; -- so called
because obtained from Aragon in Spain. -- Spanish cress (Bot.), a
cruciferous plant (lepidium Cadamines), a species of peppergrass. --
Spanish curiew (Zo\'94l.), the long-billed curlew. [U.S.] -- Spanish
daggers (Bot.) See Spanish bayonet. -- Spanish elm (Bot.), a large
West Indian tree (Cordia Gerascanthus) furnishing hard and useful
timber. -- Spanish feretto, a rich reddish brown pigment obtained by
calcining copper and sulphur together in closed crucibles. -- Spanish
flag (Zo\'94l.), the California rockfish (Sebastichthys rubrivinctus).
It is conspicuously colored with bands of red and white. -- Spanish
fly (Zo\'94l.), a brilliant green beetle, common in the south of
Europe, used for raising blisters. See Blister beetle under Blister,
and Cantharis. -- Spanish fox (Naut.), a yarn twisted against its lay.
-- Spanish grass. (Bot.) See Esparto. -- Spanish juice (Bot.),
licorice. -- Spanish leather. See Cordwain. -- Spanish mackerel.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A species of mackerel (Scomber colias) found both in
Europe and America. In America called chub mackerel, big-eyed
mackerel, and bull mackerel. (b) In the United States, a handsome
mackerel having bright yellow round spots (Scomberomorus maculatus),
highly esteemed as a food fish. The name is sometimes erroneously
applied to other species. See Illust. under Mackerel. -- Spanish main,
the name formerly given to the southern portion of the Caribbean Sea,
together with the contiguous coast, embracing the route traversed by
Spanish treasure ships from the New to the Old World. -- Spanish moss.
(Bot.) See Tillandsia. -- Spanish needles (Bot.), a composite weed
(Bidens bipinnata) having achenia armed with needlelike awns. --
Spanish nut (Bot.), a bulbous plant (Iris Sisyrinchium) of the south
of Europe. -- Spanish potato (Bot.), the sweet potato. See under
Potato. -- Spanish red, an ocherous red pigment resembling Venetian
red, but slightly yellower and warmer. Fairholt. -- Spanish reef
(Naut.), a knot tied in the head of a jib-headed sail. -- Spanish
sheep (Zo\'94l.), a merino. -- Spanish white, an impalpable powder
prepared from chalk by pulverizing and repeated washings, -- used as a
white pigment. -- Spanish windlass (Naut.), a wooden roller, with a
rope wound about it, into which a marline spike is thrust to serve as
a lever.
Spanish
Span"ish, n. The language of Spain.
Spank
Spank (, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spanked (; p. pr. & vb. n. Spanking.] [Of
unknown origin; cf. LG. spakken, spenkern, to run and spring about
quickly.] To strike, as the breech, with the open hand; to slap.
Spank
Spank, n. A blow with the open hand; a slap.
Spank
Spank, v. i. To move with a quick, lively step between a trot and
gallop; to move quickly. Thackeray.
Spanker
Spank"er (?), n.
1. One who spanks, or anything used as an instrument for spanking.
2. (Naut.) The after sail of a ship or bark, being a fore-and-aft sail
attached to a boom and gaff; -- sometimes called driver. See Illust.
under Sail. Totten.
3. One who takes long, quick strides in walking; also, a fast horse.
[Colloq.]
4. Something very large, or larger than common; a whopper, as a stout
or tall person. [Colloq.]
Spanker boom (Naut.), a boom to which a spanker sail is attached. See
Illust. of Ship.
Spanker
Spank"er, n. A small coin. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Spanking
Spank"ing, a.
1. Moving with a quick, lively pace, or capable of so doing; dashing.
Four spanking grays ready harnessed. G. Colman, the Younger.
2. Large; considerable. [Colloq.]
Spanking breeze
Spanking breeze (Naut.), a strong breeze.
Spanless
Span"less (?), a. Incapable of being spanned.
Spanner
Span"ner (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, spans.
2. The lock of a fusee or carbine; also, the fusee or carbine itself.
[Obs.]
3. An iron instrument having a jaw to fit a nut or the head of a bolt,
and used as a lever to turn it with; a wrench; specifically, a wrench
for unscrewing or tightening the couplings of hose.
4. pl. A contrivance in some of the ealier steam engines for moving
the valves for the alternate admission and shutting off of the steam.
Span-new
Span"-new` (?), a. [Icel. sp\'benn, properly, new as a ship just
split; sp\'benn chip + n new. See Spoon, and New.] Quite new;
brand-new; fire-new. "A span-new archbishop's chair." Fuller.
Spannishing
Span"nish*ing (?), n. [From OF. espanir to spread, F. \'82panou. See
Expand.] The full blooming of a flower. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
Spanpiece
Span"piece (?), n. (Arch.) The collar of a roof; sparpiece.
Spanworm
Span"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of any geometrid moth, as the
cankeworm; a geometer; a measuring worm.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1378
Spar
Spar (?), n. [AS. sp\'91r in sp\'91rst\'ben chalkstone; akin to MHG.
spar, G. sparkalk plaster.] (Min.) An old name for a nonmetallic
mineral, usually cleavable and somewhat lustrous; as, calc spar, or
calcite, fluor spar, etc. It was especially used in the case of the
gangue minerals of a metalliferous vein. Blue spar, Cube spar, etc.
See under Blue, Cube, etc.
Spar
Spar, n. [OE. sparre; akin to D. spar, G. sparren, OHG. sparro, Dan.&
Sw. sparre, Icel. sparri; of uncertain origin. Spar, v. t. ]
1. (Naut.) A general term any round piece of timber used as a mast,
yard, boom, or gaff.
2. (Arch.) Formerly, a piece of timber, in a general sense; -- still
applied locally to rafters.
3. The bar of a gate or door. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Spar buoy (Naut.), a buoy anchored by one end so that the other end
rises above the surface of the water. -- Spar deck (Naut.), the upper
deck of a vessel; especially, in a frigate, the deck which is
continued in a straight line from the quarter-deck to the forecastle,
and on which spare spars are usually placed. See under Deck. -- Spar
torpedo (Naut.), a torpedo carried on the end of a spar usually
projecting from the bow of a vessel, and intended to explode upon
contact with an enemy's ships.
Spar
Spar, v. t. [OE. sparren, AS. sparrian; akin to G. sperren, Icel.
sperra; from the noun. &root;171. See Spara beam, bar.]
1. To bolt; to bar. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. To To supply or equip with spars, as a vessel.
NOTE: &hand; A vessel equipped with spars that are too large or too
small is said to be oversparred or undersparred.
Spar
Spar, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sparred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sparring.] [Of
uncertain origin; cf. OF. esparer to kick, F. \'82parer, or Icel.
sperra to stretch out the legs, to struggle.]
1. To strike with the feet or spurs, as cocks do.
2. To use the fists and arms scientifically in attack or defense; to
contend or combat with the fists, as for exercise or amusement; to
box.
Made believe to spar at Paul with great science. Dickens.
3. To contest in words; to wrangle. [Colloq.] <-- sparring partner,
(Boxing) one who spars with a boxer as an opponent for training
purposes. -->
Spar
Spar, n.
1. A contest at sparring or boxing.
2. A movement of offense or defense in boxing.
Sparable
Spar"a*ble (?), n. [Corrupted from sparrow bill.] A kind of small nail
used by shoemakers.
Sparada
Spar"a*da (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small California surf fish (Micrometrus
aggregatus); -- called also shiner.
Sparadrap
Spar"a*drap (?), n. [F. sparadrap; cf. It. sparadrappo, NL.
sparadrapa.]
1. A cerecloth. [Obs.]
2. (Med.) Any adhesive plaster.
Sparage; 48, Sparagus, Sparagrass
Spar"age (?; 48), Spar"a*gus (?), Spar"a*grass` (?), n. Obs. or
corrupt forms of Asparagus.
Sparble
Spar"ble (?), v. t. [OF. esparpiller to scatter, F. \'82parpiller.] To
scatter; to disperse; to rout. [Obs.]
The king's host was sparbled and chased. Fabyan.
Spare
Spare (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spared (?); p. pr. & vb. n.n Sparing.]
[AS. sparian, fr. sp\'91r spare, sparing, saving; akin to D. & G.
sparen, OHG. spar, Icel. & Sw. spara, Dan. spare See Spare, a.]
1. To use frugally or stintingly, as that which is scarce or valuable;
to retain or keep unused; to save. "No cost would he spare." Chaucer.
[Thou] thy Father's dreadful thunder didst not spare. Milton.
He that hath knowledge, spareth his words. Prov. xvii. 27.
2. To keep to one's self; to forbear to impart or give.
Be pleased your plitics to spare. Dryden.
Spare my sight the pain Of seeing what a world of tears it costs
you. Dryden.
3. To preserve from danger or punishment; to forbear to punish,
injure, or harm; to show mercy to.
Spare us, good Lord. Book of Common Prayer.
Dim sadness did not spare That time celestial visages. Milton.
Man alone can whom he conquers spare. Waller.
4. To save or gain, as by frugality; to reserve, as from some
occupation, use, or duty.
All the time he could spare from the necessary cares of his weighty
charge, he Knolles.
5. To deprive one's self of, as by being frugal; to do without; to
dispense with; to give up; to part with.
Where angry Jove did never spare One breath of kind and temperate
air. Roscommon.
I could have better spared a better man. Shak.
To spare one's self. (a) To act with reserve. [Obs.]
Her thought that a lady should her spare. Chaucer.
(b) To save one's self labor, punishment, or blame.
Spare
Spare (?), v. i.
1. To be frugal; not to be profuse; to live frugally; to be
parsimonious.
I, who at some times spend, at others spare, Divided between
carelessness and care. Pope.
2. To refrain from inflicting harm; to use mercy or forbearance.
He will not spare in the day of vengeance. Prov. vi. 34.
3. To desist; to stop; to refrain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Spare
Spare, a. [Compar. Sparer (?); superl. Sparest; -- not used in all the
senses of the word.] [AS. sp\'91r sparing. Cf. Spare, v. t. ]
1. Scanty; not abundant or plentiful; as, a spare diet.
2. Sparing; frugal; parsimonious; chary.
He was spare, but discreet of speech. Carew.
3. Being over and above what is necessary, or what must be used or
reserved; not wanted, or not used; superfluous; as, I have no spare
time.
If that no spare clothes he had to give. Spenser.
4. Held in reserve, to be used in an emergency; as, a spare anchor; a
spare bed or room.
5. Lean; wanting flesh; meager; thin; gaunt.
O, give me the spare men, and spare me the great ones. Shak.
6. Slow. [Obs. or prov. Eng.] Grose.
Spare
Spare (?), n.
1. The act of sparing; moderation; restraint. [Obs.]
Killing for sacrifice, without any spare. Holland.
2. Parsimony; frugal use. [Obs.] Bacon.
Poured out their plenty without spite or spare. Spenser.
3. An opening in a petticoat or gown; a placket. [Obs.]
4. That which has not been used or expended.
5. (Tenpins) The right of bowling again at a full set of pins, after
having knocked all the pins down in less than three bowls. If all the
pins are knocked down in one bowl it is a double spare; in two bowls,
a single spare. <-- different terminology now -->
Spareful
Spare"ful (?), a. Sparing; chary. [Obs.] Fairfax. -- Spare"ful*ness,
n. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Sparely
Spare"ly, adv. In a spare manner; sparingly.
Spareless
Spare"less, a. Unsparing. Sylvester.
Spareness
Spare"ness, n. [Cf. AS. sp\'91rnis frugality.] The quality or state of
being lean or thin; leanness.
Sparer
Spar"er (?), n. One who spares.
Sparerib
Spare"rib` (?), n. [Spare, a. + rib.] A piece of pork, consisting or
ribs with little flesh on them.
Sparge
Sparge (?), v. t. [L. spargere; cf. F. asperger.] To sprinkle; to
moisten by sprinkling; as, to sparge paper.
Spargefaction
Spar`ge*fac"tion (?), n. [L. spargere to strew + facere, factum, to
make.] The act of sprinkling. [Obs.] Swift.
Sparger
Spar"ger (?), n. [Cf. F. asperger to sprinkle, L. aspergere,
spargere.] A vessel with a perforated cover, for sprinkling with a
liquid; a sprinkler. <-- 2. A tube with a perforated or fritted end,
to pass gases as small bubbles through a liquid. -->
Sparhawk
Spar"hawk` (?), n. [OE. sperhauke.] (Zo\'94l.) The sparrow hawk.
[Prov. Eng.]
Spar-hung
Spar"-hung` (?), a. Hung with spar, as a cave.
Sparing
Spar"ing (?), a. Spare; saving; frugal; merciful. Bacon. --
Spar"ing*ly, adv. -- Spar"ing*ness, n.
Spark
Spark (?), n. [OE. sparke, AS. spearca; akin to D. spark, sperk; cf.
Icel. spraka to crackle, Lith. sprag\'89ti, Gr. sph to crackle, to
thunder. Cf. Speak.]
1. A small particle of fire or ignited substance which is emitted by a
body in combustion.
Man is born unto trouble, as hte sparks fly upward. Job v. 7.
2. A small, shining body, or transient light; a sparkle.
3. That which, like a spark, may be kindled into a flame, or into
action; a feeble germ; an elementary principle. "If any spark of life
be yet remaining." Shak. "Small intellectual spark." Macaulay. "Vital
spark of heavenly flame." Pope.
We have here and there a little clear light, some sparks of bright
knowledge. Locke.
Bright gem instinct with music, vocal spark. Wordsworth.
Spark arrester, a contrivance to prevent the escape of sparks while it
allows the passage of gas, -- chiefly used in the smokestack of a
wood-burning locomotive. Called also spark consumer. [U.S.]
Spark
Spark, n. [Icel. sparkr lively, sprightly.]
1. A brisk, showy, gay man.
The finest sparks and cleanest beaux. Prior.
2. A lover; a gallant; a beau.
Spark
Spark, v. i. To sparkle. [Obs.] Spenser.
Spark
Spark, v. i. To play the spark, beau, or lover.
A sure sign that his master was courting, or, as it is termed,
sparking, within. W. Irwing.
Sparker
Spark"er (?), n. A spark arrester.
Sparkful
Spark"ful (?), a. Lively; brisk; gay. [Obs.] "Our sparkful youth."
Camden.
Sparkish
Spark"ish, a.
1. Like a spark; airy; gay. W. Walsh.
2. Showy; well-dresed; fine. L'Estrange.
Sparkle
Spar"kle (?), n. [Dim. of spark.]
1. A little spark; a scintillation.
As fire is wont to quicken and go From a sparkle sprungen amiss,
Till a city brent up is. Chaucer.
The shock was sufficiently strong to strike out some sparkles of
his fiery temper. Prescott.
2. Brilliancy; luster; as, the sparkle of a diamond.
Sparkle
Spar"kle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sparkled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sparkling
(?).] [See Sparkle, n., Spark of fire.]
1. To emit sparks; to throw off ignited or incandescent particles; to
shine as if throwing off sparks; to emit flashes of light; to
scintillate; to twinkle; as, the blazing wood sparkles; the stars
sparkle.
A mantelet upon his shoulder hanging Bretful of rubies red, as fire
sparkling. Chaucer.
2. To manifest itself by, or as if by, emitting sparks; to glisten; to
flash.
I see bright honor sparkle through your eyes. Milton.
3. To emit little bubbles, as certain kinds of liquors; to effervesce;
as, sparkling wine. Syn. -- To shine; glisten; scintillate; radiate;
coruscate; glitter; twinkle.
Sparkle
Spar"kle, v. t. To emit in the form or likeness of sparks. "Did
sparkle forth great light." Spenser.
Sparkle
Spar"kle, v. t. [Cf. Sparble.]
1. To disperse. [Obs.]
The Landgrave hath sparkled his army without any further
enterprise. State Papers.
2. To scatter on or over. [Obs.] Purchas.
Sparkler
Spar"kler (?), n. One who scatters; esp., one who scatters money; an
improvident person. [Obs.]
Sparkler
Spar"kler, n. One who, or that which, sparkles.
Sparkler
Spar"kler, n. (Zo\'94l.) A tiger beetle.
Sparklet
Spark"let (?), n. A small spark. [Obs.]
Sparkliness
Spark"li*ness (?), n. Vivacity. [Obs.] Aubrey.
Sparkling
Spar"kling (?), a. Emitting sparks; glittering; flashing; brilliant;
lively; as, sparkling wine; sparkling eyes. -- Spar"kling*ly, adv. --
Spar"kling*ness, n. Syn. -- Brilliant; shining. See Shining.
Sparling
Spar"ling (?), n. [Akin to G. spierling, spiering, D. spiering: cf. F.
\'82perlan.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
(b) A young salmon. (c) A tern. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Sparlyre
Spar"lyre` (?), n. [AS. spear-lira.] The calf of the leg. [Obs.]
Wyclif (Deut. xxviii. 35).
Sparoid
Spa"roid (?; 277), a. [L. sparus the gilthead + -oid: cf. F.
sparo\'8bde.] (Zo\'94l.) of or pertaining to the Sparid\'91, a family
of spinous-finned fishes which includes the scup, sheepshead, and sea
bream. -- n. One of the Sparid\'91.
Sparpiece
Spar"piece` (?), n. (Arch.) The collar beam of a roof; the spanpiece.
Gwilt.
Sparpoil
Spar"poil (?), v. t. [See Sparble.] To scatter; to spread; to
disperse. [Obs.]
Sparrow
Spar"row (?), n. [OE. sparwe, AS. spearwa; akin to OHG. sparo, G.
sperling, Icel. sp\'94rr, Dan. spurv, spurre, Sw. sparf, Goth. sparwa;
-- originally, probably, the quiverer or flutterer, and akin to E.
spurn. See Spurn, and cf. Spavin.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) One of many species of small singing birds of the family
Fringillig\'91, having conical bills, and feeding chiefly on seeds.
Many sparrows are called also finches, and buntings. The common
sparrow, or house sparrow, of Europe (Passer domesticus) is noted for
its familiarity, its voracity, its attachment to its young, and its
fecundity. See House sparrow, under House.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fo llowing Am erican sp ecies are well known; the
chipping sparrow, or chippy, the sage sparrow, the savanna sparrow,
the song sparrow, the tree sparrow, and the white-throated sparrow
(see Peabody bird). See these terms under Sage, Savanna, etc.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several small singing birds somewhat
resembling the true sparrows in form or habits, as the European hedge
sparrow. See under Hedge.
He that doth the ravens feed, Yea, providently caters for the
sparrow, Be comfort to my age! Shak.
Field sparrow, Fox sparrow, etc. See under Field, Fox, etc. -- Sparrow
bill, a small nail; a castiron shoe nail; a sparable. -- Sparrow hawk.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A small European hawk (Accipiter nisus) or any of the
allied species. (b) A small American falcon (Falco sparverius). (c)
The Australian collared sparrow hawk (Accipiter torquatus).
NOTE: The na me is ap plied to other small hawks, as the European
kestrel and the New Zealand quail hawk.
-- Sparrow owl (Zo\'94l.), a small owl (Glaucidium passerinum) found
both in the Old World and the New. The name is also applied to other
species of small owls. -- Sparrow spear (Zo\'94l.), the female of the
reed bunting. [Prov. Eng.]
Sparrowgrass
Spar"row*grass` (?), n. [Corrupted from asparagus.] Asparagus.
[Colloq.] See the Note under Asparagus.
Sparrowwort
Spar"row*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) An evergreen shrub of the genus Erica
(E. passerina).
Sparry
Spar"ry (?), a. [From Spar.] Resembling spar, or consisting of spar;
abounding with spar; having a confused crystalline structure;
spathose. Sparry iron (Min.), siderite. See Siderite (a). -- Sparry
limestone (Min.), a coarsely crystalline marble.
Sparse
Sparse (?), a. [Compar. Sparser (?); superl. Sparsest.] [L. sparsus,
p.p. of spargere to strew, scatter. Cf. Asperse, Disperse.]
1. Thinly scattered; set or planted here and there; not being dense or
close together; as, a sparse population. Carlyle.
2. (Bot.) Placed irregularly and distantly; scattered; -- applied to
branches, leaves, peduncles, and the like.
Sparse
Sparse, v. t. [L. sparsus, p.p. of spargere to scatter.] To scatter;
to disperse. [Obs.] Spenser.
Sparsedly
Spars"ed*ly (?), adv. Sparsely. [Obs.]
Sparsely
Sparse"ly, adv. In a scattered or sparse manner.
Sparseness
Sparse"ness, n. The quality or state of being sparse; as, sparseness
of population.
Sparsim
Spar"sim (?), adv. [L., fr. spargere to scatter.] Sparsely;
scatteredly; here and there.
Spartan
Spar"tan (?), a. [L. Spartanus.] of or pertaining to Sparta,
especially to ancient Sparta; hence, hardy; undaunted; as, Spartan
souls; Spartan bravey. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Sparta;
figuratively, a person of great courage and fortitude. <-- marked by
avoidance of luxury or comfort; spare, simple; marked by self-denial
-->
Sparteine
Spar"te*ine (?), n. (Chem.) A narcotic alkaloid extracted from the
tops of the common broom (Cytisus scoparius, formerly Spartium
scoparium), as a colorless oily liquid of aniline-like odor and very
bitter taste.
parterie
par"ter*ie (?), n. [F., from Sp. esparto esparto, L. spartum, Gr.
Articles made of the blades or fiber of the Lygeum Spartum and Stipa
(or Macrochloa) tenacissima, kinds of grass used in Spain and other
countries for making ropes, mats, baskets, nets, and mattresses.
Loudon.
Sparth
Sparth (?), n. [Cf. Icel. spar.] An Anglo-Saxon battle-ax, or halberd.
[Obs.]
He hath a sparth of twenty pound of weight. Chaucer.
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Page 1379
Sparve
Sparve (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The hedge sparrow. [Prov. Eng.]
Spary
Spar"y (?), a. Sparing; parsimonious. [Obs.]
Spasm
Spasm (?), n. [F. spasme, L. spasmus, Gr. Span, v. t.]
1. (Med.) An involuntary and unnatural contraction of one or more
muscles or muscular fibers.
NOTE: &hand; Sp asm ar e us ually either clonic or tonic. In clonic
spasm, the muscles or muscular fibers contract and relax
alternately in very quick succession. In tonic spasm, the
contraction is steady and uniform, and continues for a
comparatively long time, as in tetanus.
2. A sudden, violent, and temporary effort or emotion; as, a spasm of
repentance.
Cynic spasm (Med.) See under Cynic. -- Spasm of the chest. See Angina
pectoris, under Angina.
Spasmatical
Spas*mat"ic*al (?), a. Spasmodic. [Obs.]
Spasmodic
Spas"mod"ic (?), a. [Gr. spasmotique.]
1. (Med.) Of or pertaining to spasm; consisting in spasm; occuring in,
or characterized by, spasms; as, a spasmodic asthma.
2. Soon relaxed or exhausted; convulsive; intermittent; as, spasmodic
zeal or industry.
Spasmodic croup (Med.), an affection of childhood characterized by a
stoppage of brathing developed suddenly and without fever, and
produced by spasmodic contraction of the vocal cords. It is sometimes
fatal. Called also laryngismus stridulus, and childcrowing. --
Spasmodic stricture, a stricture caused by muscular spasm without
structural change. See Organic stricture, under Organic.
Spasmodic
Spas*mod"ic, n. (Med.) A medicine for spasm.<-- = antispasmodic -->
Spasmodical
Spas*mod"ic*al (?), a. Same as Spasmodic, a. -- Spas*mod"ic*al*ly (#),
adv.
Spastic
Spas"tic (?), a. [L. spasticus, Gr. spastique. See Spasm.] (Med.) Of
or pertaining to spasm; spasmodic; especially, pertaining to tonic
spasm; tetanic.
Spastically
Spas"tic*al*ly (?), adv. Spasmodically.
Spasticity
Spas*tic"i*ty (?), n.
1. A state of spasm.
2. The tendency to, or capability of suffering, spasm.
Spat
Spat (?), imp. of Spit. [Obs. OR R.]
Spat
Spat, n. [From the root of spit; hence, literally, that which is
ejected.] A young oyster or other bivalve mollusk, both before and
after it first becomes adherent, or such young, collectively.
Spat
Spat, v. i. & t. To emit spawn; to emit, as spawn.
Spat
Spat, n. [Cf. Pat.]
1. A light blow with something flat. [U.S. & Prov. Eng.]
2. Hence, a petty combat, esp. a verbal one; a little quarrel,
dispute, or dissension. [U. S.]
Spat
Spat, v. i. To dispute. [R.] Smart.
Spat
Spat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spatted; p. pr. & vb. n. Spatting.] To slap,
as with the open hand; to clap together; as the hands. [Local, U.S.]
Little Isabel leaped up and down, spatting her hands. Judd.
Spatangoid
Spa*tan"goid (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Spatangoidea.
-- n. One of the Spatangoidea.
Spatangoidea
Spat`an*goi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Spatangus, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
An order of irregular sea urchins, usually having a more or less
heart-shaped shell with four or five petal-like ambulacra above. The
mouth is edentulous and situated anteriorly, on the under side.
Spatangus
Spa*tan"gus (?), n. [NL., fr. L. spatangius a kind of sea urchin, Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of heart-shaped sea urchins belonging to the
Spatangoidea.
Spatchcock
Spatch"cock` (?), n. See Spitchcock.
Spate
Spate (?), n. [Of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. speid.] A river flood; an
overflow or inundation. Burns.
Gareth in a showerful spring Stared at the spate. Tennyson.
Spatha
Spa"tha (?), n,; pl. Spath\'91 (#). [L.] (Bot.) A spathe.
Spathaceous
Spa*tha"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Having a spathe; resembling a spathe;
spathal.
Spathal
Spa"thal (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with a spathe; as, spathal flowers.
Howitt.
Spathe
Spathe (?), n. [L. spatha, Gr. spathe. See Spade for digging.] (Bot.)
A special involucre formed of one leaf and inclosing a spadix, as in
aroid plants and palms. See the Note under Bract, and Illust. of
Spadix.
NOTE: &hand; The name is also given to the several-leaved involucre
of the iris and other similar plants.
Spathed
Spathed (?), a. (Bot.) Having a spathe or calyx like a sheath.
Spathic
Spath"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. spathique, fr. F. & G. spath spar.] Like
spar; foliated or lamellar; spathose. Spathic iron (Min.), siderite.
See Siderite (a).
Spathiform
Spath"i*form (?), a. [F. spathiforme.] Resembling spar in form. "The
ocherous, spathiform, and mineralized forms of uranite." Lavoisier
(Trans.).
Spathose
Spath"ose` (?), a. (Min.) See Spathic.
Spathose
Spath"ose`, a. [See Spathe.] (Bot.) Having a spathe; resembling a
spathe; spatheceous; spathal.
Spathous
Spath"ous (?), a. (Bot.) Spathose.
Spathulate
Spath"u*late (?), a. See Spatulate.
Spatial
Spa"tial (?), a. Of or pertaining to space. "Spatial quantity and
relations." L. H. Atwater.
Spatially
Spa"tial*ly (?), adv. As regards space.
Spatiate
Spa"ti*ate (?), v. t. [L. spatiatus, p.p. of spatiari, fr. spatiatum.
See Space.] To rove; to ramble. [Obs.] Bacon.
Spatter
Spat"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Spattering.] [From the root of spit salvia.]
1. To sprinkle with a liquid or with any wet substance, as water, mud,
or the like; to make wet of foul spots upon by sprinkling; as, to
spatter a coat; to spatter the floor; to spatter boots with mud.
Upon any occasion he is to be spattered over with the blood of his
people. Burke.
2. To distribute by sprinkling; to sprinkle around; as, to spatter
blood. Pope.
3. Fig.: To injure by aspersion; to defame; to soil; also, to throw
out in a defamatory manner.
Spatter
Spat"ter, v. i. To throw something out of the mouth in a scattering
manner; to sputter.
That mind must needs be irrecoverably depraved, which, . . .
tasting but once of one just deed, spatters at it, and abhors the
relish ever after. Milton.
Spatterdashed
Spat"ter*dashed` (?), a. Wearing spatterdashes. [Colloq.] Thackeray.
Spatterdashes
Spat"ter*dash`es (?), n. pl. [Spatter + dash.] Coverings for the legs,
to protect them from water and mud; long gaiters.
Spatter-dock
Spat`ter-dock` (?), n. (Bot.) The common yellow water lily (Nuphar
advena).
Spattle
Spat"tle (?), n. Spawl; spittle. [Obs.] Bale.
Spattle
Spat"tle, n.
1. A spatula.
2. (Pottery) A tool or implement for mottling a molded article with
coloring matter Knoght.
Spattling-poppy
Spat"tling-pop"py (?), n. [Prov. E. spattle to spit + E. poppy.]
(Bot.) A kind of catchfly (Silene inflata) which is sometimes frothy
from the action of captured insects.
Spatula
Spat"u*la (?; 135), n. [L. spatula, spathula, dim. of spatha a
spatula: F. spatule. See Spade for digging.] An implement shaped like
a knife, flat, thin, and somewhat flexible, used for spreading paints,
fine plasters, drugs in compounding prescriptions, etc. Cf. Palette
knife, under Palette.
Spatulate
Spat"u*late (?), a. [NL. spatulatus.] (Nat. Hist.) Shaped like
spatula, or like a battledoor, being roundish, with a long, narrow,
linear base. [Also written spathulate.]
Spauld
Spauld (?), n. [See Spall the shoulder.] The shoulder. [Scot.]
Spavin
Spav"in (?), n. [OE. spaveyne, OF. esparvain, F. \'82parvin; akin to
OF. espervier a sparrow hawk, F. \'82pervier, fr. OHG. sparw\'beri (G.
sperber), fr. OHG. sparo sparrow, because this disease makes the horse
raise the infirm leg in the manner of a sparrow hawk or sparrow. See
Sparrow.] (Far.) A disease of horses characterized by a bony swelling
developed on the hock as the result of inflammation of the bones;
also, the swelling itself. The resulting lameness is due to the
inflammation, and not the bony tumor as popularly supposed. Harbaugh.
Bog spavin, a soft swelling produced by distention of the capsular
ligament of the hock; -- called also blood spavin. -- Bone spavin,
spavin attended with exostosis; ordinary spavin.
Spavined
Spav"ined (?), a. Affected with spavin.
Spaw
Spaw (?), n. See Spa.
Spawl
Spawl (?), n. A splinter or fragment, as of wood or stone. See Spall.
Spawl
Spawl, n. [Cf. AS. sp\'betl, fr. sp&aemac;tan to spit; probably akin
to sp\'c6wan, E. spew. Cf. Spew.] Scattered or ejected spittle.
Spawl
Spawl, v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Spawled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Spawling.] [Cf. AS. sp\'betlian.] To scatter spittle from the mouth;
to spit, as saliva.
Why must he sputter, spawl, and slaver it In vain, against the
people's favorite. Swift.
Spawling
Spawl"ing, n. That which is spawled, or spit out.
Spawn
Spawn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spawned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spawning.]
[OE. spanen, OF. espandre, properly, to shed, spread, L. expandere to
spread out. See Expand.]
1. To produce or deposit (eggs), as fishes or frogs do.
2. To bring forth; to generate; -- used in contempt.
One edition [of books] spawneth another. Fuller.
Spawn
Spawn, v. i.
1. To deposit eggs, as fish or frogs do.
2. To issue, as offspring; -- used contemptuously.
Spawn
Spawn, n. [&root;170. See Spawn, v. t.]
1. The ova, or eggs, of fishes, oysters, and other aquatic animals.
2. Any product or offspring; -- used contemptuously.
3. (Hort.) The buds or branches produced from underground stems.
4. (Bot.) The white fibrous matter forming the matrix from which
fungi.
Spawn eater (Zo\'94l.), a small American cyprinoid fish (Notropis
Hudsonius) allied to the dace.
Spawner
Spawn"er (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A mature female fish.
The barbel, for the preservation or their seed, both the spawner
and the milter, cover their spawn with sand. Walton.
2. Whatever produces spawn of any kind.
Spay
Spay (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spaying.]
[Cf. Armor. spac'hein, spaza to geld, W. dyspaddu to geld, L. spado a
eunuch, Gr. To remove or extirpate the ovaries of, as a sow or a
bitch; to castrate (a female animal).
Spay
Spay, n. [Cf. Spade a spay, Spay, v. t.] (Zo\'94l.) The male of the
red deer in his third year; a spade.
Spayad, Spayade
Spay"ad (?), Spay"ade (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A spay.
Speak
Speak (?), v. i. [imp. Spoke (?) (Spake ( Archaic); p. p. Spoken (?)
(Spoke, Obs. OR Colloq.); p. pr. & vb. n. Speaking.] [OE. speken, AS.
specan, sprecan; akin to OF.ries. spreka, D. spreken, OS. spreken, G.
sprechen, OHG. sprehhan, and perhaps to Skr. sph&umac;rj to crackle,
to thunder. Cf. Spark of fire, Speech.]
1. To utter words or articulate sounds, as human beings; to express
thoughts by words; as, the organs may be so obstructed that a man may
not be able to speak.
Till at the last spake in this manner. Chaucer.
Speak, Lord; for thy servant heareth. 1 Sam. iii. 9.
2. To express opinions; to say; to talk; to converse.
That fluid substance in a few minutes begins to set, as the
tradesmen speak. Boyle.
An honest man, is able to speak for himself, when a knave is not.
Shak.
During the century and a half which followed the Conquest, there
is, to speak strictly, no English history. Macaulay.
3. To utter a speech, discourse, or harangue; to adress a public
assembly formally.
Many of the nobility made themselves popular by speaking in
Parliament against those things which were most grateful to his
majesty. Clarendon.
4. To discourse; to make mention; to tell.
Lycan speaks of a part of C\'91sar's army that came to him from the
Leman Lake. Addison.
5. To give sound; to sound.
Make all our trumpets speak. Shak.
6. To convey sentiments, ideas, or intelligence as if by utterance;
as, features that speak of self-will.
Thine eye begins to speak. Shak.
To speak of, to take account of, to make mention of. Robynson (More's
Utopia). -- To speak out, to speak loudly and distinctly; also, to
speak unreservedly. -- To speak well for, to commend; to be favorable
to. -- To speak with, to converse with. "Would you speak with me?"
Shak. Syn. -- To say; tell; talk; converse; discourse; articulate;
pronounce; utter.
Speak
Speak (?), v. t.
1. To utter with the mouth; to pronounce; to utter articulately, as
human beings.
They sat down with him upn ground seven days and seven nights, and
none spake a word unto him. Job. ii. 13.
2. To utter in a word or words; to say; to tell; to declare orally;
as, to speak the truth; to speak sense.
3. To declare; to proclaim; to publish; to make known; to exhibit; to
express in any way.
It is my father;s muste To speak your deeds. Shak.
Speaking a still good morrow with her eyes. Tennyson.
And for the heaven's wide circuit, let it speak The maker's high
magnificence. Milton.
Report speaks you a bonny monk. Sir W. Scott.
4. To talk or converse in; to utter or pronounce, as in conversation;
as, to speak Latin.
And French she spake full fair and fetisely. Chaucer.
5. To address; to accost; to speak to.
[He will] thee in hope; he will speak thee fair. Ecclus. xiii. 6.
each village senior paused to scan And speak the lovely caravan.
Emerson.
To speak a ship (Naut.), to hail and speak to her captain or
commander.
Speakable
Speak"a*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of being spoken; fit to be spoken. Ascham.
2. Able to speak. Milton. <-- Speakeasy, n. An establishment where
alcoholic beverages were sold illegally, during the prohibition era in
the U.S. (1920-1932) -->
Speaker
Speak"er (?), n.
1. One who speaks. Specifically: (a) One who utters or pronounces a
discourse; usually, one who utters a speech in public; as, the man is
a good speaker, or a bad speaker. (b) One who is the mouthpiece of
others; especially, one who presides over, or speaks for, a
delibrative assembly, preserving order and regulating the debates; as,
the Speaker of the House of Commons, originally, the mouthpiece of the
House to address the king; the Speaker of a House of Representatives.
2. A book of selections for declamation. [U. S.]
Speakership
Speak"er*ship, n. The office of speaker; as, the speakership of the
House of Representatives.
Speaking
Speak"ing, a.
1. Uttering speech; used for conveying speech; as, man is a speaking
animal; a speaking tube.
2. Seeming to be capable of speech; hence, lifelike; as, a speaking
likeness.
A speaking acquaintance, a slight acquaintance with a person, or one
which merely permits the exchange of salutations and remarks on
indifferent subjects. -- Speaking trumpet, an instrument somewhat
resembling a trumpet, by which the sound of the human voice may be so
intensified as to be conveyed to a great distance. -- Speaking tube, a
tube for conveying speech, especially from one room to another at a
distance. -- To be on speaking terms, to be slightly acquainted.
Speking
Spek"ing, n.
1. The act of uttering words.
2. Public declamation; oratory.
Spear
Spear (?), n. [OE. spere, AS. spere; akin to D. & G. speer, OS. & OHS.
sper, Icel. spj\'94r, pl., Dan. sp\'91r, L. sparus.]
1. A long, pointed weapon, used in war and hunting, by thrusting or
throwing; a weapon with a long shaft and a sharp head or blade; a
lance.
NOTE: [See Illust. of Spearhead.]
"A sharp ground spear." Chaucer.
They shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into
pruning hooks. Micah iv. 3.
2. Fig.: A spearman. Sir W. Scott.
3. A sharp-pointed instrument with barbs, used for stabbing fish and
other animals.
4. A shoot, as of grass; a spire.
5. The feather of a horse. See Feather, n., 4.
6. The rod to which the bucket, or plunger, of a pump is attached; a
pump rod.
Spear foot, the off hind foot of a horse. -- Spear grass. (Bot.) (a)
The common reed. See Reed, n., 1. (b) meadow grass. See under Meadow.
-- Spear hand, the hand in which a horseman holds a spear; the right
hand. Crabb. -- Spear side, the male line of a family. Lowell. --
Spear thistle (Bot.), the common thistle (Cnicus lanceolatus).
Spear
Spear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Speared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spearing.] To
pierce with a spear; to kill with a spear; as, to spear a fish.
Spear
Spear, v. i. To shoot into a long stem, as some plants. See Spire.
Mortimer.
Spearer
Spear"er (?), n. One who uses a spear; as, a spearer of fish.
Spearfish
Spear"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large and powerful fish
(Tetrapturus albidus) related to the swordfish, but having scales and
ventral fins. It is found on the American coast and the Mediterranean.
(b) The carp sucker.
_________________________________________________________________
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Spearhead
Spear"head` (?), n. The pointed head, or end, of a spear.
Spearman
Spear"man (?), n.; pl. Spearmen (. One who is armed with a spear. Acts
xxiii. 23.
Spearmint
Spear"mint` (?), n. [So named from its spiry, not capitate,
inflorescence. Dr. Prior.] (Bot.) A species of mint (Mentha viridis)
growing in moist soil. It vields an aromatic oil. See Mint, and
Mentha.
Spearwood
Spear"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) An Australian tree (Acacia Doratoxylon),
and its tough wood, used by the natives for spears.
Spearwort
Spear"wort` (?), n. [AS. sperewyrt.] (Bot.) A name given to several
species of crowfoot (Ranunculus) which have spear-shaped leaves.
Speary
Spear"y (?), a. Having the form of a spear.
Spece
Spece (?), n. Species; kind. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Specht
Specht (?), n. [See Speight.] (Zo\'94l.) A woodpecker. [Obs. or prov.
Eng.] Sherwood.
Special
Spe"cial (?), a. [L. specialis, fr. species a particular sort, kind,
or quality: cf. F. sp\'82cial. See Species, and cf. Especial.]
1. Of or pertaining to a species; constituting a species or sort.
A special is called by the schools a "species". I. Watts.
2. Particular; peculiar; different from others; extraordinary;
uncommon.
Our Savior is represented everywhere in Scripture as the special
patron of the poor and the afficted. Atterbury.
To this special evil an improvement of style would apply a special
redress. De Quincey.
3. Appropriate; designed for a particular purpose, occasion, or
person; as, a special act of Parliament or of Congress; a special
sermon.
4. Limited in range; confined to a definite field of action,
investigation, or discussion; as, a special dictionary of commercial
terms; a special branch of study.
5. Chief in excellence. [Obs.]
The king hath drawn The special head of all the land together.
Shak.
Special administration (Law), an administration limited to certain
specified effects or acts, or one granted during a particular time or
the existence of a special cause, as during a controversy respecting
the probate of a will, or the right of administration, etc. -- Special
agency, an agency confined to some particular matter. -- Special bail,
Bail above, OR Bail to the action (Law), sureties who undertake that,
if the defendant is convicted, he shall satisfy the plaintiff, or
surrender himself into custody. Tomlins. Wharton (Law Dict.). --
Special constable. See under Constable. Bouvier. -- Special damage
(Law), a damage resulting from the act complained of, as a natural,
but not the necessary, consequence of it. -- Special demurrer (Law), a
demurrer for some defect of form in the opposite party pleading, in
which the cause of demurrer is particularly stated. -- Special
deposit, a deposit made of a specific thing to be kept distinct from
others. -- Special homology. (Biol.) See under Homology. -- Special
injuction (Law), an injuction granted on special grounds, arising of
the circumstances of the case. Daniell. -- Special issue (Law), an
issue produced upon a special plea. Stephen. -- Special jury (Law), a
jury consisting of persons of some particular calling, station, or
qualification, which is called upon motion of either party when the
cause is supposed to require it; a struck jury. -- Special orders
(Mil.), orders which do not concern, and are not published to, the
whole command, such as those relating to the movement of a particular
corps, a detail, a temporary camp, etc. -- Special partner, a limited
partner; a partner with a limited or restricted responsibility; --
unknown at common law. -- Special partnership, a limited or particular
partnership; -- a term sometimes applied to a partnership in a
particular business, operation, or adventure. -- Special plea in bar
(Law), a plea setting forth particular and new matter, distinguished
from the general issue. Bouvier. -- Special pleader (Law), originally,
a counsel who devoted himself to drawing special counts and pleas; in
a wider sense, a lawyer who draws pleadings. -- Special pleading
(Law), the allegation of special or new matter, as distingiushed from
a direct denial of matter previously alleged on the side. Bouvier. The
popular denomination of the whole science of pleading. Stephen. The
phrase is sometimes popularly applied to the specious, but unsound,
argumentation of one whose aim is victory, and not truth. Burrill. --
Special property (Law), a qualified or limited ownership possession,
as in wild animals, things found or bailed. -- Special session, an
extraordinary session; a session at an unusual time or for an unusual
purpose; as, a special session of Congress or of a legislature. --
Special statute, OR Special law, an act of the legislature which has
reference to a particular person, place, or interest; -- in
distinction from a general law. -- Special verdict (Law), a special
finding of the facts of the case, leaving to the court the application
of the law to them. Wharton (Law Dict.). Syn. -- Peculiar;
appropriate; specific; dictinctive; particular; exceptional; singular.
See Peculiar.
Special
Spe"cial, n.
1. A particular. [Obs.] Hammond.
2. One appointed for a special service or occasion.
In special, specially; in particular. Chaucer.
Specialism
Spe"cial*ism (?), n. Devotion to a particular and restricted part or
branch of knowledge, art, or science; as, medical specialism.
Specialist
Spe"cial*ist (?), n. One who devotes himself to some specialty; as, a
medical specialist, one who devotes himself to diseases of particular
parts of the body, as the eye, the ear, the nerves, etc.
Speciality
Spe`ci*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Specialities (#). [See Special, and
Specialty.]
1. A particular or peculiar case; a particularity. Sir M. Hale.
2. (Law) See Specialty, 3.
3. The special or peculiar mark or characteristic of a person or
thing; that for which a person is specially distinguished; an object
of special attention; a special occupation or object of attention; a
specialty.
On these two general heads all other specialities are depedent.
Hooker.
Strive, while improving your one talent, to enrich your whole
capital as a man. It is in this way that you escape from the
wretched narrow-mindedness which is the characteristic of every one
who cultivates his speciality. Ld. Lytton.
We 'll say, instead, the inconsequent creature man, - For that'a
his speciality. Mrs. Browning.
Think of this, sir, . . . remote from the impulses of passion, and
apart from the specialities -- if I may use that strong remark --
of prejudice. Dickens.
4. An attribute or quality peculiar to a species.
Specialization
Spe`cial*i*za"tion (?), n.
1. The act of specializing, or the state of being spezialized.
2. (Biol.) The setting spart of a particular organ for the performance
of a particular function. Darwin.
Specialize
Spe"cial*ize (?), v. t.
1. To mention specialy; to particularize.
2. To apply to some specialty or limited object; to assign to a
specific use; as, specialized knowledge.
3. (Biol.) To supply with an organ or organs having a special function
or functions.
Specially
Spe"cial*ly, adv.
1. In a special manner; partcularly; especially. Chaucer.
2. For a particular purpose; as, a meeting of the legislature is
specially summoned.
Specialty
Spe"cial*ty (?), n.; pl. Specialties (#). [F. sp\'82cialit\'82. Cf.
Speciality.]
1. Particularity.
Specialty of rule hath been neglected. Shak.
2. A particular or peculiar case. [Obs.]
3. (Law) A contract or obligation under seal; a contract by deed; a
writing, under seal, given as security for a debt particularly
specified. Chitty. Bouvier. Wharton (Law Dict.).
Let specialties be therefore drawn between us. Shak.
4. That for which a person is distinguished, in which he is specially
versed, or which he makes an object of special attention; a
speciality.
Men of boundless knowledge, like Humbold, must have had once their
specialty, their pet subject. C. Kingsley.
Specie
Spe"ci*e (?), abl. of L. species sort, kind. Used in the phrase in
specie, that is, in sort, in kind, in (its own) form.
"[The king] expects a return in specie from them" [i. e., kindness
for kindness]. Dryden.
In specie (Law), in precise or definite form; specifically; according
to the exact terms; of the very thing.
Specie
Spe"cie (?), n. [Formed as a singular from species, in sense 5.] Coin;
hard money.
Species
Spe"cies (?), n. sing. & pl. [L., a sight, outward appearance, shape,
form, a particular sort, kind, or quality, a species. See Spice, n.,
and cf. Specie, Special.]
1. Visible or sensible presentation; appearance; a sensible percept
received by the imagination; an image. [R.] "The species of the
letters illuminated with indigo and violet." Sir I. Newton.
Wit, . . . the faculty of imagination in the writer, which searches
over all the memory for the species or ideas of those things which
it designs to represent. Dryden.
NOTE: &hand; In the scholastic philosophy, the species was sensible
and intelligible. The sensible species was that in any material,
object which was in fact discerned by the mind through the organ of
perception, or that in any object which rendered it possible that
it should be perceived. The sensible species, as apprehended by the
understanding in any of the relations of thought, was called an
intelligible species. "An apparent diversity between the species
visible and audible is, that the visible doth not mingle in the
medium, but the audible doth."
Bacon.
2. (Logic) A group of individuals agreeing in common attributes, and
designated by a common name; a conception subordinated to another
conception, called a genus, or generic conception, from which it
differs in containing or comprehending more attributes, and extending
to fewer individuals. Thus, man is a species, under animal as a genus;
and man, in its turn, may be regarded as a genus with respect to
European, American, or the like, as species.
3. In science, a more or less permanent group of existing things or
beings, associated according to attributes, or properties determined
by scientific observation.
NOTE: &hand; In mineralogy and chemistry, objects which possess the
same definite chemical structure, and are fundamentally the same in
crystallization and physical characters, are classed as belonging
to a species. In zo\'94logy and botany, a species is an ideal group
of individuals which are believed to have descended from common
ancestors, which agree in essential characteristics, and are
capable of indefinitely continued fertile reproduction through the
sexes. A species, as thus defined, differs from a variety or
subspecies only in the greater stability of its characters and in
the absence of individuals intermediate between the related groups.
4. A sort; a kind; a variety; as, a species of low cunning; a species
of generosity; a species of cloth.
5. Coin, or coined silver, gold, ot other metal, used as a circulating
medium; specie. [Obs.]
There was, in the splendor of the Roman empire, a less quantity of
current species in Europe than there is now. Arbuthnot.
6. A public spectacle or exhibition. [Obs.] Bacon.
7. (Pharmacy) (a) A component part of compound medicine; a simple. (b)
(Med.) An officinal mixture or compound powder of any kind; esp., one
used for making an aromatic tea or tisane; a tea mixture. Quincy.
8. (Civil Law) The form or shape given to materials; fashion or shape;
form; figure. Burill.
Incipient species (Zo\'94l.), a subspecies, or variety, which is in
process of becoming permanent, and thus changing to a true species,
usually by isolation in localities from which other varieties are
excluded.
Specifiable
Spec"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. Admitting specification; capable of being
specified.
Specific
Spe*cif"ic (?), a. [F. sp\'82cifique, or NL. cpesificus; L. species a
particular sort or kind + facere to make. Cf. Specify.]
1. Of or pertaining to a species; characterizing or constituting a
species; possessing the peculiar property or properties of a thing
which constitute its species, and distinguish it from other things;
as, the specific form of an animal or a plant; the specific qualities
of a drug; the specific distinction between virtue and vice.
Specific difference is that primary attribute which distinguishes
each species from one another. I. Watts.
2. Specifying; definite, or making definite; limited; precise;
discriminating; as, a specific statement.
3. (Med.) Exerting a peculiar influence over any part of the body;
preventing or curing disease by a peculiar adaption, and not on
general principles; as, quinine is a specific medicine in cases of
malaria.
In fact, all medicines will be found specific in the perfection of
the science. Coleridge.
Specific character (Nat. Hist.), a characteristic or characteristics
distinguishing one species from every other species of the same genus.
-- Specific disease (Med.) (a) A disease which produces a determinate
definite effect upon the blood and tissues or upon some special
tissue. (b) A disease which is itself uniformly produced by a definite
and peculiar poison or organism. -- Specific duty. (Com.) See under
Duty. -- Specific gravity. (Physics) See under Gravity. -- Specific
heat (Physics), the quantity of heat required to raise temperature of
a body one degree, taking as the unit of measure the quantity required
to raise the same weight of water from zero to one degree; thus, the
specific heat of mercury is 0.033, that of water being 1.000. --
Specific inductive capacity (Physics), the effect of a dielectric body
in producing static electric induction as compared with that of some
other body or bodies referred to as a standard. -- Specific legacy
(Law), a bequest of a particular thing, as of a particular animal or
piece of furniture, specified and distinguished from all others.
Wharton. Burrill. -- Specific name (Nat., Hist.), the name which,
appended to the name of the genus, constitutes the distinctive name of
the species; -- originally applied by Linn\'91us to the essential
character of the species, or the essential difference. The present
specific name he at first called the trivial name. -- Specific
performance (Law), the peformance of a contract or agreement as
decreed by a court of equity.
Specific
Spe*cif"ic, n.
1. (Med.) A specific remedy. See Specific, a., 3.
His parents were weak enough to believe that the royal touch was a
specific for this malady. Macaulay.
2. Anything having peculiar adaption to the purpose to which it is
applied. Dr. H. More.
Specifical
Spe*cif"ic*al (?), a. Specific. Bacon.
Specifically
Spe*cif"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In a specific manner.
Specificalness
Spe*cif"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of being specific.
Specificate
Spe*cif"i*cate (?), v. t. [See Specify.] To show, mark, or designate
the species, or the distinguishing particulars of; to specify. [Obs.]
ir M. Hale.
Specification
Spec`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. sp\'82cification, LL. specificatio.]
1. The act of specifying or determining by a mark or limit; notation
of limits.
This specification or limitation of the question hinders the
disputers from wandering away from the precise point of inquiry. I.
Watts.
2. The designation of particulars; particular mention; as, the
specification of a charge against an officer.
3. A written statement containing a minute description or enumeration
of particulars, as of charges against a public officer, the terms of a
contract, the description of an invention, as in a patent; also, a
single article, item, or particular, an allegation of a specific act,
as in a charge of official misconduct.
Soecificness
Soe*cif"ic*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being specific.
Specify
Spec"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Specified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Specifying (?).] [F. sp\'82cifier, or OF. especifier, fr. LL.
specificare. See Species, -fy.] To mention or name, as a particular
thing; to designate in words so as to distinguish from other things;
as, to specify the uses of a plant; to specify articles purchased.
He has there given us an exact geography of Greece, where the
countries and the uses of their soils are specified. Pope.
Specollum
Spe*col"lum (?), n. [L.] (Med.) See Stylet, 2.
Specimen
Spec"i*men (?), n. [L., fr. specere to look, to behold. See Spy.] A
part, or small portion, of anything, or one of a number of things,
intended to exhibit the kind and quality of the whole, or of what is
not exhibited; a sample; as, a specimen of a man's handwriting; a
specimen of painting; aspecimen of one's art. Syn. -- Sample; model;
pattern. -- Specimen, Sample. A specimen is a representative of the
class of things to which it belongs; as, a specimen of photography. A
sample is a part of the thing itself, designed to show the quality of
the whole; as, a sample of sugar or of broadcloth. A cabinet of
minerals consists of specimens; if a part be broken off from any one
of these, it is a sample of the mineral to which it belongs. "Several
persons have exhibited specimens of this art before multitudes of
beholders." Addison. "I design this but for a sample of what I hope
more fully to discuss." Woodward.
Speciosity
Spe`ci*os"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Speciocities (#). [Cf. LL. speciositas.]
1. The quality or state of being specious; speciousness.
Professions built so largely on speciosity, instead of performance.
Carlyle.
2. That which is specious. Dr. H. More.
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Specious
Spe"cious (?), a. [L. speciosusgood-looking, beautiful, specious, fr.
species look, show, appearance; cf. F. sp\'82coeux. See Species.]
1. Presenting a pleasing appearance; pleasing in form or look; showy.
Some [serpents] specious and beautiful to the eye. Bp. Richardson.
The rest, far greater part, Will deem in outward rites and specious
forms Religion satisfied. Milton.
2. Apparently right; superficially fair, just, or correct, but not so
in reality; appearing well at first view; plausible; as, specious
reasoning; a specious argument.
Misled for a moment by the specious names of religion, liberty, and
property. Macaulay.
In consequence of their greater command of specious expression. J.
Morley.
Syn. -- Plausible; showy; ostensible; colorable; feasible. See
Plausible. -- Spe"xious*ly (#), adv. -- Spe"cious*ness, n.
Speck
Speck (?), n. [Cf. Icel. spik blubber, AS. spic, D. spek, G. speck.]
The blubber of whales or other marine mammals; also, the fat of the
hippopotamus. Speck falls (Naut.), falls or ropes rove through blocks
for hoisting the blubber and bone of whales on board a whaling vessel.
Speck
Speck, n. [OE. spekke, AS. specca; cf. LG. spaak.]
1. A small discolored place in or on anything, or a small place of a
color different from that of the main substance; a spot; a stain; a
blemish; as, a speck on paper or loth; specks of decay in fruit. "Gray
sand, with black specks." Anson.
2. A very small thing; a particle; a mite; as, specks of dust; he has
not a speck of money.
Many bright specks bubble up along the blue Egean. Landor.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A small etheostomoid fish (Ulocentra stigm\'91a) common
in the Eastern United States.
Speck
Speck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Specked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Specking.] To
cause the presence of specks upon or in, especially specks regarded as
defects or blemishes; to spot; to speckle; as, paper specked by
impurities in the water used in its manufacture.
Carnation, purple, azure, or specked with gold. Milton.
Speckle
Spec"kle (?), n. [Dim. of speck; cf. D. spikkel.] A little or spot in
or anything, of a different substance or color from that of the thing
itself.
An huge great serpent, all with speckles pied. Spebser.
Speckle
Spec"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Speckled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Speckling
(?).] To mark with small spots of a different color from that of the
rest of the surface; to variegate with spots of a different color from
the ground or surface.
Speckled
Spec"kled (?), a. Marked or variegated with small spots of a different
color from that of the rest of the surface. Speckled Indians
(Ethnol.), the Pintos. -- Speckled trout. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The common
American brook trout. See Trout. (b) The rainbow trout.
Speckled-belly
Spec"kled-bel`ly (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The gadwall. [Local, U.S.]
Speckled-bill
Spec"kled-bill" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The American white-fronted goose
(Anser albifrons).
Speckledness
Spec"kled*ness, n. The quality of being speckled.
Specksioneer
Speck`sion*eer" (?), n. The chief harpooner, who also directs in
cutting up the speck, or blubber; -- so called among whalers.
Speckt
Speckt (?), n. A woodpecker. See Speight.
Spectacle
Spec"ta*cle (?), n. [F., fr. L. spectaculum, fr. spectare to look at,
to behold, v. intens. fr. specere. See Spy.]
1. Something exhibited to view; usually, something presented to view
as extraordinary, or as unusual and worthy of special notice; a
remarkable or noteworthy sight; a show; a pageant; a gazingstock.
O, piteous spectacle? O, bloody times! Shak.
2. A spy-glass; a looking-glass. [Obs.]
Poverty a spectacle is, as thinketh me, Through which he may his
very friends see. Chaucer.
3. pl. An optical instrument consisting of two lenses set in a light
frame, and worn to assist sight, to obviate some defect in the organs
of vision, or to shield the eyes from bright light.
4. pl. Fig.: An aid to the intellectual sight.
Shakespeare . . . needed not the spectacles of books to read
nature. Dryden.
Syn. -- Show; sight; exhibition; representation; pageant.
Spectacled
Spec"ta*cled (?), a.
1. Furnished with spectacles; wearing spectacles.
As spectacled she sits in chimney nook. Keats.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the eyes surrounded by color markings, or patches
of naked skin, resembling spectacles.
Spectacled bear (Zo\'94l.), a South American bear (Tremarclos ornatus)
which inhabits the high mountains of Chili and Peru. It has a
light-colored ring around each eye. -- Spectacled coot, OR Spectacled
duck (Zo\'94l.), the surf scoter, or surf duck. [Local, U.S.] --
Spectacled eider (Zo\'94l.) See Eider. -- Spectacled goose (Zo\'94l.),
the gannet. -- Spectacled snake (Zo\'94l.), the cobra de capello.
Spectacular
Spec*tac"u*lar (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a shows; of the nature of a show. "Spectacular
sports." G. Hickes.
2. Adapted to excite wonder and admiration by a display of pomp or of
scenic effects; as, a spectacular celebration of some event; a
spectacular play.
3. Pertaining to spectacles, or glasses for the eyes. <-- 4. Unusual
and striking. -->
Spectant
Spec"tant (?), a. [L. spectans, p.pr. of spectare to look at.] Looking
forward.
Spectation
Spec*ta"tion (?), n. [L. spectatio.] Regard; aspect; appearance.
Harvey.
Spectator
Spec*ta"tor (?), n. [L. spectator: cf. F. spectateur. See Spectacle.]
One who on; one who sees or beholds; a beholder; one who is personally
present at, and sees, any exhibition; as, the spectators at a show.
"Devised and played to take spectators." <-- an eyewitness --> Shak.
Syn. -- Looker-on; beholder; observer; witness.
Spectatorial
Spec`ta*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a spectator. Addison.
Spectatorship
Spec*ta"tor*ship (?), n.
1. The office or quality of a spectator. [R.] Addison.
2. The act of beholding. [Obs.] Shak.
Spectatress, Spectatrix
Spec*ta"tress (?), Spec*ta"trix (?), n. [L. spectatrix.] A female
beholder or looker-on. "A spectatress of the whole scene." Jeffrey.
Specter, Spectre
Spec"ter, Spec"tre (?), n. [F. spectre, fr. L. spectrum an appearance,
image, specter, fr. specere to look. See Spy, and cf. Spectrum.]
1. Something preternaturally visible; an apparition; a ghost; a
phantom.
The ghosts of traitors from the bridge descend, With bold fanatic
specters to rejoice. Dryden.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The tarsius. (b) A stick insect.
Specter bat (Zo\'94l.), any phyllostome bat. -- Specter candle
(Zo\'94l.), a belemnite. -- Specter shrimp (Zo\'94l.), a skeleton
shrimp. See under Skeleton.
Spectioneer
Spec`tion*eer" (?), n. Same as Specsioneer.
Spectral
Spec"tral (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a specter; ghosty.
He that feels timid at the spectral form of evil is not the man to
spread light. F. W. Robertson.
2. (Opt.) Of or pertaining to the spectrum; made by the spectrum; as,
spectral colors; spectral analysis.
Spectral lemur. (Zo\'94l.) See Tarsius.
Spectrally
Spec"tral*ly, adv. In the form or manner of a specter.
Spectre
Spec"tre (?), n. See Specter.
Spectrological
Spec`tro*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to spectrology; as,
spectrological studies or experiments. -- Spec`tro*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Spectrology
Spec*trol"o*gy (?), n. [Spectrum + -logy.] (Chem.Phys.) The science of
spectrum analysis in any or all of its relations and applications.
Spectrometer
Spec*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Spectrum + -meter.] (Physics) A spectroscope
fitted for measurements of the luminious spectra observed with it.
Spectrophotometer
Spec`tro*pho*tom"e*ter (?), n. [Spectrum + photometer.] (Opt.) An
instrument for measuring or comparing the intensites of the colors of
the spectrum.
Spectroscope
Spec"tro*scope (?), n. [Spectrum + -scope.] (Physics) An optical
instrument for forming and examining spectra (as that of solar light,
or those produced by flames in which different substances are
volatilized), so as to determine, from the position of the spectral
lines, the composition of the substance.
Spectroscopic, Spectroscopical
Spec`tro*scop"ic (?), Spec`tro*scop"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
a spectroscope, or spectroscopy. -- Spec`tro*scop"ic*al*ly, adv.
Spectroscopist
Spec*tros"co*pist (? OR ?), n. One who investigates by means of a
spectroscope; one skilled in the use of the spectroscope.
Spectroscopy
Spec*tros"co*py (?), n. The use of the spectroscope; investigations
made with the spectroscope.
Spectrum
Spec"trum (?), n.; pl. Spectra (#). [L. See Specter.]
1. An apparition; a specter. [Obs.]
2. (Opt.) (a) The several colored and other rays of which light is
composed, separated by the refraction of a prism or other means, and
observed or studied either as spread out on a screen, by direct
vision, by photography, or otherwise. See Illust. of Light, and
Spectroscope. (b) A luminous appearance, or an image seen after the
eye has been exposed to an intense light or a strongly illuminated
object. When the object is colored, the image appears of the
complementary color, as a green image seen after viewing a red wafer
lying on white paper. Called also ocular spectrum.
Absorption spectrum, the spectrum of light which has passed through a
medium capable of absorbing a portion of the rays. It is characterized
by dark spaces, bands, or lines. -- Chemical spectrum, a spectrum of
rays considered solely with reference to their chemical effects, as in
photography. These, in the usual photogrophic methods, have their
maximum influence at and beyond the violet rays, but are not limited
to this region. -- Chromatic spectrum, the visible colored rays of the
solar spectrum, exhibiting the seven principal colors in their order,
and covering the central and larger portion of the space of the whole
spectrum. -- Continous spectrum, a spectrum not broken by bands or
lines, but having the colors shaded into each other continously, as
that from an incandescent solid or liquid, or a gas under high
pressure. -- Diffraction spectrum, a spectrum produced by diffraction,
as by a grating. -- Gaseous spectrum, the spectrum of an incandesoent
gas or vapor, under moderate, or especially under very low, pressure.
It is characterized by bright bands or lines. -- Normal spectrum, a
representation of a spectrum arranged upon conventional plan adopted
as standard, especially a spectrum in which the colors are spaced
proportionally to their wave lengths, as when formed by a diffraction
grating. -- Ocular spectrum. See Spectrum, 2 (b), above. -- Prismatic
spectrum, a spectrum produced by means of a prism. -- Solar spectrum,
the spectrum of solar light, especially as thrown upon a screen in a
darkened room. It is characterized by numerous dark lines called
Fraunhofer lines. -- Spectrum analysis, chemical analysis effected by
comparison of the different relative positions and qualities of the
fixed lines of spectra produced by flames in which different
substances are burned or evaporated, each substance having its own
characteristic system of lines. -- Thermal spectrum, a spectrum of
rays considered solely with reference to their heating effect,
especially of those rays which produce no luminous phenomena.
Specular
Spec"u*lar (?), a. [L. specularis (cf., from the same root, specula a
lookout, watchtower): cf. F. sp\'82culaire. See Speculum.]
1. Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a smooth,
reflecting surface; as, a specular metal; a specular surface.
2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a speculum; conducted with the aid of a
speculum; as, a specular examination.
3. Assisting sight, as a lens or the like. [Obs.]
Thy specular orb Apply to well-dissected kernels; lo! In each
observe the slender threads Of first-beginning trees. J. Philips.
4. Affording view. [R.] "Look once more, ere we leave this specular
mount." Milton.
Specular iron. (Min.) See Hematite.
Speculate
Spec"u*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speculated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Speculating.] [L. speculatus, p.p. of speculari to spy out, observe,
fr. specula a lookout, fr. specere to look. See Spy.]
1. To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing it in its
different aspects and relations; to meditate; to contemplate; to
theorize; as, to speculate on questions in religion; to speculate on
political events.
It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most boldly often
conform with the most pefect quietude to the external regulations
of society. Hawthorne.
2. (Philos.) To view subjects from certain premises given or assumed,
and infer conclusions respecting them a priori.
3. (Com.) To purchase with the expectation of a contingent advance in
value, and a consequent sale at a profit; -- often, in a somewhat
depreciative sense, of unsound or hazardous transactions; as, to
speculate in coffee, in sugar, or in bank stock. <-- (finance) -->
Speculate
Spec"u*late, v. t. To consider attentively; as, to speculate the
nature of a thing. [R.] Sir W. Hamilton.
Speculation
Spec`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. speculatio a spying out, observation: cf.
F. sp\'82culation.]
1. The act of speculating. Specifically: -- (a) Examination by the
eye; view. [Obs.] (b) Mental view of anything in its various aspects
and relations; contemplation; intellectual examination.
Thenceforth to speculations high or deep I turned my thoughts.
Milton.
(c) (Philos.) The act or process of reasoning a priori from premises
given or assumed. (d) (Com.) The act or practice of buying land,
goods, shares, etc., in expectation of selling at a higher price, or
of selling with the expectation of repurchasing at a lower price; a
trading on anticipated fluctuations in price, as distinguished from
trading in which the profit expected is the difference between the
retail and wholesale prices, or the difference of price in different
markets. <-- buying long is considered speculation only when the time
of holding the object is short. Longer-term trading (> 1 year) is
considered investment. -->
Sudden fortunes, indeed, are sometimes made in such places, by what
is called the trade of speculation. A. Smith.
Speculation, while confined within moderate limits, is the agent
for equalizing supply and demand, and rendering the fluctuations of
price less sudden and abrupt than they would otherwise be. F. A.
Walker.
(e) Any business venture in involving unusual risks, with a chance for
large profits.
2. A conclusion to which the mind comes by speculating; mere theory;
view; notion; conjecture.
From him Socrates derived the principles of morality, and most part
of his natural speculations. Sir W. temple.
To his speculations on these subjects he gave the lofty name of the
"Oracles of Reason." Macaulay.
3. Power of sight. [Obs.]
Thou hast no speculation in those eyes. Shak.
4. A game at cards in which the players buy from one another trumps or
whole hands, upon a chance of getting the highest trump dealt, which
entitles the holder to the pool of stakes.
Speculatist
Spec"u*la*tist (?), n. One who speculates, or forms theories; a
speculator; a theorist.
The very ingenious speculatist, Mr. Hume. V. Knox.
Speculative
Spec"u*la*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. sp\'82culatif, L. speculativus.]
1. Given to speculation; contemplative.
The mind of man being by nature speculative. Hooker.
2. Involving, or formed by, speculation; ideal; theoretical; not
established by demonstration. Cudworth.
3. Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying; inquisitive; curious.
[R.] Bacon.
4. Of or pertaining to speculation in land, goods, shares, etc.; as, a
speculative dealer or enterprise. <-- 5. (Finance) More risky than
typical investments; not investment grade. -->
The speculative merchant exercises no one regular, established, or
well-known branch of business. A. Smith.
-- Spec"u*la*tive*ly, adv. -- Spec"u*la*tive*ness, n.
Speculator
Spec"u*la`tor (?), n. [L., a spy, explorer, investigator: cf. F.
sp\'82culateur.] One who speculates. Specifically: (a) An observer; a
contemplator; hence, a spy; a watcher. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. (b) One
who forms theories; a theorist.
A speculator who had dared to affirm that the human soul is by
nature mortal. Macaulay.
(c) (Com.) One who engages in speculation; one who buys and sells
goods, land, etc., with the expectation of deriving profit from
fluctuations in price.
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Page 1382
Speculatorial
Spec`u*la*to"ri*al (?), a. Speculatory; speculative. [Obs.]
Speculatory
Spec"u*la*to*ry (?), a. [L. speculatorius belonging to spies or
scouts.]
1. Intended or adapted for viewing or espying; having oversight. T.
Warton.
2. Exercising speculation; speculative. T. Carew.
Speculist
Spec"u*list (?), n. One who observes or considers; an observer. [R.]
Goldsmith.
Speculum
Spec"u*lum (?), n.; pl. L. Specula (#), E. Speculum (#). [L., fr.
specere to look, behold. See Spy.]
1. A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as in Greek
and Roman arch\'91ology.
2. A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in reflecting
telescopes. See Speculum metal, below.
3. (Surg.) An instrument for dilating certain passages of the body,
and throwing light within them, thus facilitating examination or
surgical operations.
4. (Zo\'94l.)/fld> A bright and lustrous patch of color found on the
wings of ducks and some other birds. It is usually situated on the
distal portions of the secondary quills, and is much more brilliant in
the adult male than in the female.
Speculum metal, a hard, brittle alloy used for making the reflectors
of telescopes and other instruments, usually consisting of copper and
tin in various proportions, one of the best being that in which there
are 126.4 parts of copper to 58.9 parts of tin, with sometimes a small
proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc added to improve the
whiteness.
Sped
Sped (?), imp. & p. p. of Speed.
Speece
Speece (?), n. Species; sort. [Obs.]
Speech
Speech (?), n. [OE. speche, AS. sp, spr, fr. specan, sprecan, to
speak; akin to D. spraak speech, OHG. spr\'behha, G. sprache, Sw. spr,
Dan. sprog. See Speak.]
1. The faculty of uttering articulate sounds or words; the faculty of
expressing thoughts by words or articulate sounds; the power of
speaking.
There is none comparable to the variety of instructive expressions
by speech, wherewith man alone is endowed for the communication of
his thoughts. Holder.
2. he act of speaking; that which is spoken; words, as expressing
ideas; language; conversation.
NOTE: &hand; Speech is voice modulated by the throat, tongue, lips,
etc., the modulation being accomplished by changing the form of the
cavity of the mouth and nose through the action of muscles which
move their walls.
O goode God! how gentle and how kind Ye seemed by your speech and
your visage The day that maked was our marriage. Chaucer.
The acts of God . . . to human ears Can nort without process of
speech be told. Milton.
3. A particular language, as distinct from others; a tongue; a
dialect.
People of a strange speech and of an hard language. Ezek. iii. 6.
4. Talk; mention; common saying.
The duke . . . did of me demand What was the speech among the
Londoners Concerning the French journey. Shak.
5. formal discourse in public; oration; harangue.
The constant design of these orators, in all their speeches, was to
drive some one particular point. Swift.
6. ny declaration of thoughts.
I. with leave of speech implored, . . . replied. Milton.
Syn. Harangue; language; address; oration. See Harangue, and Language.
Speech
Speech, v. i. & t. To make a speech; to harangue. [R.]
Speechful
Speech"ful (?), a. Full of speech or words; voluble; loquacious. [R.]
Speechification
Speech`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n.[See Spechify.] The act of speechifying.
[Used humorously or in contempt.]
Speechifier
Speech"i*fi`er (?), n. One who makes a speech or speeches; an orator;
a declaimer. [Used humorously or in contempt.] G. Eliot.
Speechify
Speech"i*fy (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speechified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Speechifying (?).] [Speech + -fy.] To make a speech; to harangue.
[Used derisively or humorously.]
Speechifying
Speech"i*fy`ing, n. The act of making a speech or speeches. [Used
derisively or humorously.]
The dinner and speechifying . . . at the opening of the annual
season for the buckhounds. M. Arnold.
Speeching
Speech"ing, n. The act of making a speech. [R.]
Speechless
Speech"less, a.
1. Destitute or deprived of the faculty of speech.
2. Not speaking for a time; dumb; mute; silent.
Speechless with wonder, and half dead with fear. Addison.
-- Speech"less*ly, adv. -- Speech"less*ness, n.
Speechmaker
Speech"mak`er (?), n. One who makes speeches; one accustomed to speak
in a public assembly.
Speed
Speed (?), n. [AS. sp success, swiftness, from sp to succeed; akin to
D. spoedd, OHG. spuot success, spuot to succees, Skr. sph\'be to
increase, grow fat. &root;170b.]
1. Prosperity in an undertaking; favorable issue; success. "For common
speed." Chaucer.
O Lord God of my master Abraham, I pray thee, send me good speed
this day. Gen. xxiv. 12.
2. The act or state of moving swiftly; swiftness; velocity; rapidly;
rate of motion; dispatch; as, the speed a horse or a vessel.
Speed, to describe whose swiftness number fails. Milton.
NOTE: &hand; In ki nematics, sp eedis sometimes used to denote the
amount of velocity without regard to direction of motion, while
velocity is not regarded as known unless both the direction and the
amount are known.
3. One who, or that which, causes or promotes speed or success. [Obs.]
"Hercules be thy speed!" Shak.
God speed, Good speed; prosperity. See Godspeed. -- Speed gauge, Speed
indicator, AND Speed recorder (Mach.), devices for indicating or
recording the rate of a body's motion, as the number of revolutions of
a shaft in a given time. -- Speed lathe (Mach.), a power lathe with a
rapidly revolving spindle, for turning small objects, for polishing,
etc.; a hand lathe. -- Speed pulley, a cone pulley with steps. Syn. --
Haste; swiftness; celerity; quickness; dispatch; expedition; hurry;
acceleration. See Haste.
Speed
Speed (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sped (?), Speeded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Speeding.] [AS. sp, fr. sp, n.; akin to D. spoeden, G. sich sputen.
See Speed, n.]
1. To go; to fare. [Obs.]
To warn him now he is too farre sped. Remedy of Love.
2. To experience in going; to have any condition, good or ill; to
fare. Shak.
Ships heretofore in seas lke fishes sped; The mightiest still upon
the smallest fed. Waller.
3. To fare well; to have success; to prosper.
Save London, and send true lawyers their meed! For whoso wants
money with them shall not speed! Lydgate.
I told ye then he should prevail, and speed On his bad errand.
Milton.
4. To make haste; to move with celerity.
I have speeded hither with the very extremest inch of possibility.
Shak.
5. To be expedient. [Obs.] Wyclif (2 Cor. xii. 1.)
Speed
Speed, v. t.
1. To cause to be successful, or to prosper; hence, to aid; to favor.
"Fortune speed us!" Shak.
With rising gales that speed their happy flight. Dryden.
2. To cause to make haste; to dispatch with celerity; to drive at full
speed; hence, to hasten; to hurry.
He sped him thence home to his habitation. Fairfax.
3. To hasten to a conclusion; to expedite.
Judicial acts . . . are sped in open court at the instance of one
or both of the parties. Ayliffe.
4. To hurry to destruction; to put an end to; to ruin; to undo. "Sped
with spavins." Shak.
A dire dilemma! either way I 'm sped. If foes, they write, if
friends, they read, me dead. Pope.
5. To wish success or god fortune to, in any undertaking, especially
in setting out upon a journey.
Welkome the coming, speed the parting guest. Pope.
God speed you, them, etc., may God speed you; or, may you have good
speed. Syn. -- To depatch; hasten; expedite; accelerate; hurry.
Speeder
Speed"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, speeds.
2. (Spinning) A machine for drawing and twisting slivers to form
rovings.
Speedful
Speed"ful (?), a. Full of speed (in any sense). [Obs.]
Speedfully
Speed"ful*ly, adv. In a speedful manner. [Obs.]
Speedily
Speed"i*ly (?), adv. In a speedy manner.
Speediness
Speed"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being speedy.
Speedless
Speed"less, a. Being without speed.
Speedwell
Speed"well (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Veronica, mostly low
herbs with pale blue corollas, which quickly fall off.
Speedy
Speed"y (?), a. [Compar. Speedier (?); superl. Speediest.] [AS. sp.]
Not dilatory or slow; quick; swift; nimble; hasty; rapid in motion or
performance; as, a speedy flight; on speedy foot.
I will wish her speedy strength. Shak.
Darts, which not the good could shun, The speedy ould outfly.
Dryden.
Speer
Speer (?), n. A sphere. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Speer
Speer, v. t. To ask. [Scot.] See Spere.
Speet
Speet (?), v. t. [Cf. D. speten. See Spit an iron prong.] To stab.
[Obs.] Gammer Gurton's Needle.
Speight
Speight (?), n. [G. specht, probably akin to L. picus: cf. D. specht.
&root;169. See Pie a magpie.] (Zo\'94l.) A woodpecker; -- called also
specht, spekt, spight. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Speir
Speir (?), v. i. To ask. See Spere. Sir W. Scott.
Speiskobalt
Speis`ko"balt (?), n. [G.] Smaltite.
Speiss
Speiss (?), n. [Cf. G. speise food, mixed metal for bells, etc.]
(Metal.) A regulus consisting essentially of nickel, obtained as a
residue in fusing cobalt and nickel ores with silica and sodium
carbonate to make smalt.
Spekboom
Spek"boom (?), n. [D., lit. fat tree.] (Bot.) The purslane tree of
South Africa, -- said to be the favorite food of elephants. Balfour
(Cyc. of India).
Speke
Speke (?), v. i. & t. To speak. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Spekehouse
Speke"house` (?), n. The parlor or reception room of a convent. [Obs.]
Spelding
Spel"ding (?), n. [Scot. speld to spread out, spelder to split. spread
open; cf. G. spalten split.] A haddock or other small fish split open
and dried in the sun; -- called also speldron. [Scot.]
Spelicans
Spel"i*cans (?), n. pl. See Spilikin.
Spelk
Spelk (?), n. [AS. spelc, spilc, a little rod by which a thing is kept
straight, a splint for binding up broken bones, akin to Icel. spelkur,
pl., a splint. Cf. Spell a splinter.] A small stick or rod used as a
spike in thatching; a splinter. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
Spell
Spell (?), n. [OE. speld, AS. speld a spill to light a candle with;
akin to D. speld a pin, OD. spelle, G. spalten to split, OHG. spaltan,
MHG. spelte a splinter, Icel. spjald a square tablet, Goth. spilda a
writing tablet. Cf. Spillsplinter, roll of paper, Spell to tell the
letters of.] A spelk, or splinter. [Obs.] Holland.
Spell
Spell, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spelling.]
[AS. spelian to supply another's place.] To supply the place of for a
time; to take the turn of, at work; to relieve; as, to spell the
helmsman.
Spell
Spell, n.
1. The relief of one person by another in any piece of work or
wathing; also, a turn at work which is carried on by one person or
gang relieving another; as, a spellat the pumps; a spell at the
masthead.
A spell at the wheel isc called a trick. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
2. The time during which one person or gang works until relieved;
hence, any relatively short period of time, whether a few hours, days,
or weeks.
Nothing new hass happened in this quarter, except the setting in of
a severe spell of cold weather. Washington.
3. One of two or more persons or gangs who work by spells. [R.]
Their toil is so extreme that they can not endure it above four
hours in a day, but are succeeded by spells. Garew.
4. A gratuitous helping forward of another's work; as, a logging
spell. [Local, U.S.]
Spell
Spell (?), n.[AS. spell a saying, tale, speech; akin to OS. & OHG.
spel, Icel. spjall,Goth. spill. Cf. Gospel, Spell to tell the letters
of.]
1. A story; a tale. [Obs.] "Hearken to my spell." Chaucer.
2. A stanza, verse, or phrase supposed to be endowed with magical
power; an incantation; hence, any charm.
Start not; her actions shall be holy as You hear my spell is
lawful. Shak.
Spell
Spell, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spelled ( or Spelt (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Spelling.] [OE. spellen, spellien, tell, relate, AS. spellian, fr.
spell a saying, tale; akin to MHG. spellen to relate, Goth. spill.e
Spell a tale. In sense 4 and those following, OE. spellen, perhaps
originally a different word, and from or influenced by spell a
splinter, from the use of a piece of wood to point to the letters in
schools: cf. D. spellen to spell. Cf. Spell splinter.]
1. To tell; to relate; to teach. [Obs.]
Might I that legend find, By fairies spelt in mystic rhymes. T.
Warton.
2. To put under the influence of a spell; to affect by a spell; to
bewitch; to fascinate; to charm. "Spelled with words of power."
Dryden.
He was much spelled with Eleanor Talbot. Sir G. Buck.
3. To constitute; to measure. [Obs.]
The Saxon heptarchy, when seven kings put together did spell but
one in effect. Fuller.
4. To tell or name in their proper order letters of, as a word; to
write or print in order the letters of, esp. the proper letters; to
form, as words, by correct orthography.
The word "satire" ought to be spelled with i, and not with y.
Dryden.
5. To discover by characters or marks; to read with difficulty; --
usually with out; as, to spell out the sense of an author; to spell
out a verse in the Bible.
To spell out a God in the works of creation. South.
To sit spelling and observing divine justice upon every accident.
Milton.
Spell
Spell, v. i.
1. To form words with letters, esp. with the proper letters, either
orally or in writing.
When what small knowledge was, in them did dwell, And he a god, who
could but read or spell. Dryden.
2. To study by noting characters; to gain knowledge or learn the
meaning of anything, by study. [Obs.]
Where I may sit and rightly spell Of every star that heaven doth
shew, And every herb that sips the dew. Milton.
Spellable
Spell"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being spelt. Carlyle.
Spellbound
Spell"bound` (?), a. Bound by, or as by, a spell.
Speller
Spell"er (?), n.
1. One who spells.
2. A spelling book. [U. S.]
Spellful
Spell"ful (?), a. Abounding in spells, or charms.
Here, while his eyes the learned leaves peruse, Each spellful
mystery explained he views. Hoole.
Spelling
Spell"ing, n. The act of one who spells; formation of words by
letters; orthography.
Spelling
Spell"ing, a. Of or pertaining to spelling. Spelling bee, a spelling
match. [U.S.] -- Spelling book, a book with exercises for teaching
children to spell; a speller. -- Spelling match, a contest of skill in
spelling words, between two or more persons.
Spellken
Spell"ken (?), n. A theater. [Slang] Byron.
Spellwork
Spell"work` (?), n. Power or effect of magic; that which is wrought by
magic; enchantment.
Like those Peri isles of light That hang by spellwork in the air.
Moore.
Spelt
Spelt (?), imp. & p. p. of Spell. Spelled.
Spelt
Spelt, n. [AS. spelt, fr. L. spelta.] (Bot.) A species of grain
(Triticum Spelta) much cultivated for food in Germany and Switzerland;
-- called also German wheat.
Spelt
Spelt, n. [See Spalt.] (Metal.) Spelter. [Colloq.]
Spelt
Spelt, v. t. & i. [See Spell a splinter.] To split; to break; to
spalt. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Spelter
Spel"ter (?), n. [Cf. LG. spialter, G. & D. spiauter. Cf. Pewter.]
(Metal.) Zinc; -- especially so called in commerce and arts.
Spelunc
Spe*lunc" (?), n. [L. spelunca cave.] A cavern; a cave. [Obs.] Piers
Plowman.
Spence
Spence (?), n. [OF. despense, F. d\'82pense, buffet, buttery, fr. OF.
despendre to spend, distribute, L. dispendere, dispensum. See
Dispense, Spend.]
1. A place where provisions are kept; a buttery; a larder; a pantry.
<-- Chiefly Brit. dial. [MW10] -->
In . . . his spence, or "pantry" were hung the carcasses of a sheep
or ewe, and two cows lately slaughtered. Sir W. Scott.
Bluff Harry broke into the spence, And turned the cowls adrift.
Tennyson.
2. The inner apartment of a country house; also, the place where the
family sit and eat. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Spencer
Spen"cer (?), n. [OF. despensier. See Spence, and cf. Dispenser.] One
who has the care of the spence, or buttery. [Obs.] Promptorium
Parvulorum.
Spencer
Spen"cer, n. [From the third Earl Spencer, who first wore it, or
brought it into fashion.] A short jacket worn by men and by women. Ld.
Lutton.
Spencer
Spen"cer, n. (Naut.) A fore-and-aft sail, abaft the foremast or the
mainmast, hoisted upon a small supplementary mast and set with a gaff
and no boom; a trysail carried at the foremast or mainmast; -- named
after its inventor, Knight Spencer, of England [1802]. Spencer mast, a
small mast just abaft the foremast or mainmast, for hoisting the
spencer. R. H. Dana, Jr.
Spend
Spend (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spent (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spending.]
[AS. spendan (in comp.), fr. L. expendere or dispendere to weigh out,
to expend, dispense. See Pendant, and cf. Dispend, Expend, Spence,
Spencer.]
1. To weigh or lay out; to dispose of; to part with; as, to spend
money for clothing.
Spend thou that in the town. Shak.
Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not bread? Isa. lv.
2.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1383
2. To bestow; to employ; -- often with on or upon.
I . . . am never loath To spend my judgment. Herbert.
3. To consume; to waste; to squander; to exhaust; as, to spend an
estate in gaming or other vices.
4. To pass, as time; to suffer to pass away; as, to spend a day idly;
to spend winter abroad.
We spend our years as a tale that is told. Ps. xc. 9.
5. To exhaust of force or strength; to waste; to wear away; as, the
violence of the waves was spent.
Their bodies spent with long labor and thirst. Knolles.
Spend
Spend (?), v. i.
1. To expend money or any other possession; to consume, use, waste, or
part with, anything; as, he who gets easily spends freely.
He spends as a person who knows that he must come to a reckoning.
South.
2. To waste or wear away; to be consumed; to lose force or strength;
to vanish; as, energy spends in the using of it.
The sound spendeth and is dissipated in the open air. Bacon.
3. To be diffused; to spread.
The vines that they use for wine are so often cut, that their sap
spendeth into the grapes. Bacon.
4. (Mining) To break ground; to continue working.
Spender
Spen"der (?), n. One who spends; esp., one who spends lavishly; a
prodigal; a spendthrift.
Spending
Spend"ing, n. The act of expending; expenditure. Spending money, money
set apart for extra (not necessary) personal expenses; pocket money.
[Colloq.]
Spendthrift
Spend"thrift` (?), n. One who spends money profusely or improvidently;
a prodigal; one who lavishes or wastes his estate. Also used
figuratively.
A woman who was a generous spendthrift of life. Mrs. R. H. Davis.
Spendthrift
Spend"thrift, a. Prodigal; extravagant; wasteful.
Spendthrifty
Spend"thrift`y (?), a. Spendthrift; prodigal. [R.]
Spenserian
Spen*se"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the English poet Spenser; --
specifically applied to the stanza used in his poem "The Fa\'89rie
Queene."
Spent
Spent (?), a.
1. Exhausted; worn out; having lost energy or motive force.
Now thou seest me Spent, overpowered, despairing of success.
Addison.
Heaps of spent arrows fall and strew the ground. Dryden.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Exhausted of spawn or sperm; -- said especially of
fishes.
Spent ball, a ball shot from a firearm, which reaches an object
without having sufficient force to penetrate it.
Sper, Sperre
Sper (?), Sperre, v. t. [See Spar bar.] To shut in; to support; to
inclose; to fasten. [Obs.] "To sperre the gate." Spenser.
Sperable
Spe"ra*ble (?), a. [L. spearabilis, fr. sperare to hope.] Within the
range of hpe; proper to be hoped for. [Obs.] Bacon.
Sperable
Sper"a*ble (?), n. See Sperable.
Sperage
Sper"age (?), n. Asperagus. [Obs.] Sylvester.
Sperate
Spe"rate (?), a. [L. speratus, p. p. of sperare to hope.] Hoped for,
or to be hoped for. [R.] Bouvier.
Spere
Spere (?), v. i. [AS. spyrian to inquire, properly, to follow the
track; akin to D. speuren, G. sp\'81ren, Icel. spyrja. &root;171. See
Spoor.] To search; to pry; to ask; to inquire. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
[Written also speer, speir.] Jamieson.
Spere
Spere, n. [See Sphere.] A sphere. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sperge
Sperge (?), n. (Distilling) A charge of wash for the still. Knight.
Sperling
Sper"ling (?), n. [See Sparling.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A smelt; a sparling.
[Prov. Eng.] (b) A young herring. [Local, U.S.]
Sperm
Sperm (?), n.[F. sperme, L. sperma, Gr. Spore.] (Physiol.) The male
fecundating fluid; semen. See Semen. Sperm cell (Physiol.), one of the
cells from which the spermatozoids are developed. -- Sperm morula.
(Biol.) Same as Spermosphere.
Sperm
Sperm, n.[Contr. fr. spermaceti.] Spermaceti. Sperm oil, a fatty oil
found as a liquid, with spermaceti, in the head cavities of the sperm
whale. -- Sperm whale. (Zo\'94l.) See in the Vocabulary.
Spermaceti
Sper`ma*ce"ti (?), n. [L. sperma sperm + cetus,gen. ceti, any large
sea animal, a whale, Gr. Sperm, Cetaceous.] A white waxy substance
obtained from cavities in the head of the sperm whale, and used making
candles, oilments, cosmetics, etc. It consists essentially of ethereal
salts of palmitic acid with ethal and other hydrocarbon bases. The
substance of spermaceti after the removal of certain impurities is
sometimes called cetin. Spermaceti whale (Zo\'94l.), the sperm whale.
Spermalist
Sper"mal*ist (?), n. (Biol.) See Spermist.
Spermaphore
Sper"ma*phore (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) That part of the ovary from which
the ovules arise; the placenta.
Spermary
Sper"ma*ry (?), n. (Anat.) An organ in which spermatozoa are
developed; a sperm gland; a testicle.
Spermatheca
Sper`ma*the"ca (?), n.; pl. Spermathec\'91 (#). [NL., from Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) A small sac connected with the female reproductive organs
of insects and many other invertebrates, serving to receive and retain
the spermatozoa.
Spermatic
Sper*mat"ic (?), a. [L. spermaticus, Gr. spermatique. See Sperm.]
(Physiol.) Of or pertaining to semen; as, the spermatic fluid, the
spermatic vessels, etc. Spermatic cord (Anat.), the cord which
suspends the testicle within the scrotum. It is made up of a
connective tissue sheath inclosing the spermatic duct and accompanying
vessels and nerves.
Spermatical
Sper"mat"ic*al (?), a. Spermatic.
Spermatin
Sper"ma*tin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A substance allied to alkali
albumin and to mucin, present in semen, to which it is said to impart
the mucilaginous character.
Spermatism
Sper"ma*tism (?), n. (Physiol.) The emission of sperm, or semen.
Spermatium
Sper*ma"ti*um (?), n.; pl. Spermatia (#). [NL.] (Bot.) One of the
motionless spermatozoids in the conceptacles of certain fungi. J. H.
Balfour.
Spermatize
Sper"ma*tize (?), v. i. [Gr. Sperm.] To yield seed; to emit seed, or
sperm. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Spermato-, Spermo-
Sper"ma*to- (?), Sper"mo- (?). Combining forms from Gr. seed, sperm,
semen (of plants or animals); as, spermatoblast, spermoblast.
Spermatoblast
Sper"ma*to*blast (?), n. Same as Spermoblast.
Spermatocyte
Sper"ma*to*cyte (?), n. [Spermato- + Gr. (Physiol.) Same as
Spermoblast.
Spermatogemma
Sper`ma*to*gem"ma (?), n. [NL. See Spermato-, and Gemma.] (Physiol.)
Same as Spermosphere.
Spermatogenesis
Sper`ma*to*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Spermato- + genesis.] (Biol.) The
development of the spermatozoids.
Spermatogenetic
Sper`ma*to*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Relating to, or connected
with, spermatogenesis; as, spermatogenetic function.
Spermatogenous
Sper`ma*tog"e*nous (?), a. [Spermato- + -genous.] (Physiol.)
Sperm-producing.
Spermatogonium
Sper`ma*to*go"ni*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Physiol.) A primitive
seminal cell, occuring in masses in the seminal tubules. It divides
into a mass (spermosphere) of small cells (spermoblast), which in turn
give rise to spermatozoids.
Spermatoid
Sper"ma*toid (?), a. [Spermato- + -oid.] (Physiol.) Spermlike;
resembling sperm, or semen.
Spermato\'94n
Sper`ma*to"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Spermatoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A
spermoblast. -- Sper`ma*to"al (#), a. Owen.
Spermatophore
Sper"ma*to*phore (?), n. [Spermato- + Gr.
1. (Physiol.) Same as Spermospore.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A capsule or pocket inclosing a number of spermatozoa.
They are present in many annelids, brachiopods, mollusks, and
crustaceans. In cephalopods the structure of the capsule is very
complex.
Spermatophorous
Sper`ma*toph"o*rous (?), a. (Physiol.) Producing seed, or sperm;
seminiferous; as, the so-called spermatophorous cells.
Spermatorrhea, Spermatorrh\'d2a
Sper`ma*tor*rhe"a, Sper`ma*tor*rh\'d2"a, (, n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Abnormally frequent involuntary emission of the semen without
copulation.
Spermatospore
Sper"ma*to*spore (?), n. Same as Spermospore.
Spermatozoid
Sper`ma*to*zo"id (?), n. [Spermatozo\'94n + Gr. (Biol.) The male germ
cell in animals and plants, the essential element in fertilization; a
microscopic animalcule-like particle, usually provided with one or
more cilia by which it is capable of active motion. In animals, the
familiar type is that of a small, more or less ovoid head, with a
delicate threadlike cilium, or tail. Called also spermatozo\'94n. In
plants the more usual term is antherozoid.
Spermatozooid
Sper`ma*to*zo"oid (?) n. (Biol.) A spermatozoid.
Spermatozo\'94n
Sper`ma*to*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Spermatozoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
(Biol.) Same as Spermatozoid.
Spermic
Sper"mic (?), a. Of or pertaining to sperm, or semen.
Spermidium
Sper*mid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Spermidia (#). [Nl., fr. Gr. (Bot.) An
achenium.
Spermist
Sperm"ist (?), n. (Biol.) A believer in the doctrine, formerly
current, of encasement in the male (see Encasement), in which the
seminal thread, or spermatozoid, was considered as the real animal
germ, the head being the true animal head and the tail the body.
Spermoblast
Sper"mo*blast (?), n. [Spermo- + -blast.] (Physiol.) One of the cells
formed by the diivision of the spermospore, each of which is destined
to become a spermatozoid; a spermatocyte; a spermatoblast.
Spermococcus
Sper`mo*coc"cus (?), n. [NL. See Spermo-, and Coccus.] (Physiol.) The
nucleus of the sperm cell.
Spermoderm
Sper"mo*derm (?), n. [Spermo- + derm: cf. F. spermoderme.] (Bot.) The
covering of a seed; -- sometimes limited to the outer coat or testa.
Lindley.
Spermogonium
Sper`mo*go"ni*um (?), n. [NL.; spermo- + Gr. (Bot.) A conceptacle of
certain lichens, which contains spermatia.
Spermologist
Sper*mol"o*gist (?), n. [Gr. One who treats of, or collects, seeds.
Bailey.
Spermophile
Sper"mo*phile (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any ground squirrel of the genus
Spermophilus; gopher. See Illust. under Gopher.
Spermophore
Sper"mo*phore (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A spermatophore.
Spermophyta
Sper*moph"y*ta (?), n. pl. [Nl., from Gr. Plants which produce seed;
ph\'91nogamia. These plants constitute the highest grand division of
the vegetable kingdom.
Spermophyte
Sper"mo*phyte (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant which produces true seeds; -- a
term recently proposed to replace ph&ae;nogam.
Spermophytic
Sper`mo*phyt"ic (?), a. (Bot.) Capable of producing seeds;
ph&ae;nogamic.
Spermoplasma
Sper`mo*plas"ma (?), n. [NL. See Spermo-, and Plasma.] (Physiol.) The
protoplasm of the sperm cell. Haeckel.
Spermosphere
Sper"mo*sphere (?), n. [Spermo- + sphere.] (Physiol.) A mass or ball
of cells formed by the repeated division of a male germinal cell
(spermospore), each constituent cell (spermoblast) of which is
converted into a spermatozoid; a spermatogemma.
Spermospore
Sper"mo*spore (?), n. [Spermo- + spore.] (Physiol.) The male germinal
or seminal cell, from the breaking up of which the spermoblasts are
formed and ultimately the spermatozoids; a spermatospore. Balfour.
Spermule
Sper"mule (?), n. [Dim. fr. sperm.] (Physiol.) A sperm cell. Haeckel.
Sperm whale
Sperm" whale` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A very large toothed whale (Physeter
macrocephalus), having a head of enormous size. The upper jaw is
destitute of teeth. In the upper part of the head, above the skull,
there is a large cavity, or case, filled with oil and spermaceti. This
whale sometimes grows to the length of more than eighty feet. It is
found in the warmer parts of all the oceans. Called also cachalot, and
spermaceti whale. Pygmy sperm whale (Zo\'94l.), a small whale (Kogia
breviceps), seldom twenty feet long, native of tropical seas, but
occasionally found on the American coast. Called also snub-nosed
cachalot. -- Sperm-whale porpoise (Zo\'94l.), a toothed cetacean
(Hypero\'94don bidens), found on both sides of the Atlantic and valued
for its oil. The adult becomes about twenty-five feet long, and its
head is very large and thick. Called also bottle-nosed whale.
Sperrylite
Sper"ry*lite (?), n.[Named after F. L. Sperry, who discovered it.]
(Min.) An arsenide of platinum occuring in grains and minute isometric
crystals of tin-white color. It is found near Sudbury, Ontario Canada,
and is the only known compound of platinum occuring in nature.
Sperse
Sperse (?), v. t. To disperse. [Obs.] Spenser.
Spessartite
Spes"sart*ite (?), n.[From Spessart, in Germany.] (Min.) A manganesian
variety of garnet.
Spet
Spet (?), v. t. [AS. sp. See Spit.] To spit; to throw out. [Obs.]
Spet
Spet, n. Spittle. [Obs.]
Spetches
Spetch"es (?), n. pl. Parings and refuse of hides, skins, etc., from
which glue is made.
Spew
Spew (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spewed (?); p. pr.& vb. n. Spewing.]
[OE. spewen, speowen, AS. sp\'c6wan;n to D. spuwen to spit. OS & OHG.
sp\'c6wan, G. speien, Icel. sp to spew, Sw. spy, Dan. spye, Goth.
spiewan, th. spjauti, L. spuere to split, Gr. shtiv, shth\'c6v. Cf.
Pyke, Spit.] [Written also spue.]
1. To eject from the stomach; to vomit.
2. To cast forth with abhorrence or disgust; to eject.
Because thou art lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spew
thee out of my mouth. Rev. ii. 16.
Spew
Spew, v. i.
1. To vomit. Chaucer.
2. To eject seed, as wet land swollen with frost.
Spew
Spew, n. That which is vomited; vomit.
Spewer
Spew"er (?), n. One who spews.
Spewiness
Spew"i*ness (?), n. The state of being spewy.
Spewy
Spew"y (?), a. Wet; soggy; inclined to spew.
Sphacel
Sphac"el (?), n. [Gr. sphac\'8ale.] (Med.) Gangrene.
Spacelate
Spac"e*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sphacelated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sphacelating.] [NL. sphacelare, sphacelatum, mortify: cf. F.
sphac\'82ler. See Sphacelus.] (Med.) To die, decay, or become
gangrenous, as flesh or bone; to mortify.
Sphacelate
Sphac"e*late, v. t. (Med.) To affect with gangrene.
Sphacelate, Sphacelated
Sphac"e*late (?), Sphac"e*la`ted (?), a. (Med.) Affected with
gangrene; mortified.
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Page 1384
Sphacelation
Sphac`e*la"tion (?), n. (Med.) The process of becoming or making
gangrenous; mortification.
Sphacelus
Sphac"e*lus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Gangrenous part; gangrene;
slough.
Sph\'91renchyma
Sph\'91*ren"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -enchyma as in parenchima.]
(Bot.) Vegetable tissue composed of thin-walled rounded cells, -- a
modification of parenchyma.
Sph\'91ridium
Sph\'91*rid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Sph\'91ridia (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) A peculiar sense organ found upon the exterior of most
kinds of sea urchins, and consisting of an oval or sherical head
surmounting a short pedicel. It is generally supposed to be an
olfactory organ.
Sph\'91rospore
Sph\'91"ro*spore (?), n. [Gr. spore.] (Bot.) One of the nonsexual
spores found in red alg\'91; a tetraspore.
Sph\'91rulite
Sph\'91r"u*lite (?), n. (Min.) Same as Spherulite.
Sphagnicolous
Sphag*nic"o*lous (?), a. [Sphagnum + L. colere to inhabit.] (Bot.)
Growing in moss of the genus Sphagnum.
Sphagnous
Sphag"nous (?), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to moss of the genus Sphagnum, or
bog moss; abounding in peat or bog moss.
Sphagnum
Sphag"num (?), n. [NL., fr/ Gr. (Bot.) A genus of mosses having white
leaves slightly tinged with red or green and found growing in marshy
places; bog moss; peat moss.
Sphalerite
Sphal"er*ite (?), n. [Gr. Blende.] (Min.) Zinc sulphide; -- called
also blende, black-jack, false galena, etc. See Blende (a).
Sphene
Sphene (?), n. [F. sph\'8ane, fr. Gr. (Min.) A mineral found usually
in thin, wedge-shaped crystals of a yellow or green to black color. It
is a silicate of titanium and calcium; titanite.
Sphenethmoid
Sphe*neth"moid (?), a. [Sphenoid + ethmoid.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining
to both the sphenoidal and the ethmoidal regions of the skull, or the
sphenethmoid bone; sphenethmoidal. Sphenethmoid bone (Anat.), a bone
of the skull which surrounds the anterior end of the brain in many
amphibia; the girdle bone.
Sphenethmoid
Sphe*neth"moid, n. (Anat.) The sphenethmoid bone.
Sphenethmoidal
Sphe`neth*moid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Relating to the sphenoethmoid bone;
sphenoethmoid.
Spheniscan
Sphe*nis"can (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of penguin.
Spheno-
Sphe"no- (?). A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection
with, or relation to, the sphenoid bone; as in sphenomaxillary,
sphenopalatine.
Sphenodon
Sphe"no*don (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Hatteria.
Sphenoethmoidal
Sphe"no*eth*moid`al (?), a. (Anat.) Sphenethmoid.
Sphenogram
Sphe"no*gram (?), n. [Gr. -gram.] A cuneiform, or arrow-headed,
character.
Sphenographer
Sphe*nog"ra*pher, n. One skilled in sphenography; a sphenographist.
Sphenographic
Sphe`no*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to sphenography.
Sphenographist
Sphe*nog"ra*phist (?), n. A sphenographer.
Sphenography
Sphe*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] The art of writing in cuneiform
characters, or of deciphering inscriptions made in such characters.
Sphenoid
Sphe"noid (?), a. [Gr. sph\'82no\'8bde.]
1. Wedge-shaped; as, a sphenoid crystal.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sphenoid bone.
Sphenoid bone (Anat.), an irregularly shaped bone in front of the
occipital in the base of the skull of the higher vertebrates. It is
composed of several fetal bones which become united the adult. See
Alisphenoid, Basisphenoid, Orbitosphenoid, Presphenoid.
Sphenoid
Sphe"noid (?), n.
1. (Crystallog.) A wedge-shaped crystal bounded by four equal
isosceles triangles. It is the hemihedral form of a square pyramid.
2. (Anat.) The sphenoid bone.
Sphenoidal
Sphe*noid"al (?), a.
1. Sphenoid.
2. (Crystalloq.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a sphenoid.
Sphenotic
Sphe*not"ic (?), a. [Spheno- + (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or
designating, the sphenotic bone. Sphenotic bone (Anat.), a bone on the
anterior side of the auditory capsule of many fishes, and connected
with, or adjoining, the sphenoid bone.
Sphenotic
Sphe*not"ic, n. (Anat.) The sphenotic bone.
Spheral
Spher"al (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to a sphere or the spheres.
2. Rounded like a sphere; sphere-shaped; hence, symmetrical; complete;
perfect.
Sphere
Sphere (?), n. [OE. spere, OF. espere, F. sph\'8are, L. sphaera,. Gr.
1. (Geom.) A body or space contained under a single surface, which in
every part is equally distant from a point within called its center.
2. Hence, any globe or globular body, especially a celestial one, as
the sun, a planet, or the earth.
Of celestial bodies, first the sun, A mighty sphere, he framed.
Milton.
3. (Astron.) (a) The apparent surface of the heavens, which is assumed
to be spherical and everywhere equally distant, in which the heavenly
bodies appear to have their places, and on which the various
astronomical circles, as of right ascension and declination, the
equator, ecliptic, etc., are conceived to be drawn; an ideal
geometrical sphere, with the astronomical and geographical circles in
their proper positions on it. (b) In ancient astronomy, one of the
concentric and eccentric revolving spherical transparent shells in
which the stars, sun, planets, and moon were supposed to be set, and
by which they were carried, in such a manner as to produce their
apparent motions.
4. (Logic) The extension of a general conception, or the totality of
the individuals or species to which it may be applied.
5. Circuit or range of action, knowledge, or influence; compass;
province; employment; place of existence.
To be called into a huge sphere, and not to be seen to move in 't.
Shak.
Taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity, and
inclosing her in a sphere by herself. Hawthorne.
Each in his hidden sphere of joy or woe Our hermit spirits dwell.
Keble.
6. Rank; order of society; social positions.
7. An orbit, as of a star; a socket. [R.] Shak.
Armillary sphere, Crystalline sphere, Oblique sphere,. See under
Armillary, Crystalline,. -- Doctrine of the sphere, applications of
the principles of spherical trigonometry to the properties and
relations of the circles of the sphere, and the problems connected
with them, in astronomy and geography, as to the latitudes and
longitudes, distance and bearing, of places on the earth, and the
right ascension and declination, altitude and azimuth, rising and
setting, etc., of the heavenly bodies; spherical geometry. -- Music of
the spheres. See under Music. Syn. -- Globe; orb; circle. See Globe.
Sphere
Sphere (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sphered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sphering.]
1. To place in a sphere, or among the spheres; to insphere.
The glorious planet Sol In noble eminence enthroned and sphered
Amidst the other. Shak.
2. To form into roundness; to make spherical, or spheral; to perfect.
Tennyson.
Spherical, Spheric
Spher"ic*al (?), Spher"ic (?), a. [L. sphaericus, Gr. sph\'82rique.]
1. Having the form of a sphere; like a sphere; globular; orbicular;
as, a spherical body.
2. Of or pertaining to a sphere.
3. Of or pertaining to the heavenly orbs, or to the sphere or spheres
in which, according to ancient astronomy and astrology, they were set.
Knaves, thieves, and treachers by spherical predominance. Shak.
Though the stars were suns, and overburned Their spheric
limitations. Mrs. Browning.
Spherical angle, Spherical co\'94rdinate, Spherical excess, etc. See
under Angle, Coordinate, etc. -- Spherical geometry, that branch of
geometry which treats of spherical magnitudes; the doctrine of the
sphere, especially of the circles described on its surface. --
Spherical harmonic analysis. See under Harmonic, a. -- Spherical
lune,portion of the surface of a sphere included between two great
semicircles having a common diameter. -- Spherical opening, the
magnitude of a solid angle. It is measured by the portion within the
solid angle of the surface of any sphere whose center is the angular
point. -- Spherical polygon,portion of the surface of a sphere bounded
by the arcs of three or more great circles. -- Spherical projection,
the projection of the circles of the sphere upon a plane. See
Projection. -- Spherical sector. See under Sector. -- Spherical
segment, the segment of a sphere. See under Segment. -- Spherical
triangle,re on the surface of a sphere, bounded by the arcs of three
great circles which intersect each other. -- Spherical trigonometry.
See Trigonometry. -- Spher"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Spher"ic*al*ness, n.
Sphericity
Sphe*ric"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. sph\'82ricit\'82.] The quality or state
of being spherial; roundness; as, the sphericity of the planets, or of
a drop of water.
Sphericle
Spher"i*cle (?), n. A small sphere.
Spherics
Spher"ics (?), n. (Math.) The doctrine of the sphere; the science of
the properties and relations of the circles, figures, and other
magnitudes of a sphere, produced by planes intersecting it; spherical
geometry and trigonometry.
Spherobacteria
Sphe`ro*bac*te"ri*a (?), n. pl.; sing. Spherobacterium (. [NL. See
Sphere, and Bacterium.] (Biol.) See the Note under Microbacteria.
Spheroconic
Sphe`ro*con"ic (?), n. (Geom.) A nonplane curve formed by the
intersection of the surface of an oblique cone with the surface of a
sphere whose center is at the vertex of the cone.
Spherograph
Spher"o*graph (?), n. [Sphere + -graph.] An instrument for
facilitating the practical use of spherics in navigation and
astronomy, being constructed of two cardboards containing various
circles, and turning upon each other in such a manner that any
possible spherical triangle may be readily found, and the measures of
the parts read off by inspection.
Spheroid
Sphe"roid (?), n. [L. spheroides ball-like, spherical, Gr.
sph\'82ro\'8bde.] A body or figure approaching to a sphere, but not
perfectly spherical; esp., a solid generated by the revolution of an
ellipse about one of its axes. Oblate spheroid, Prolate spheroid. See
Oblate, Prolate, and Ellipsoid.
Spheroidal
Sphe*roid"al (?), a. [Cf. F. sph\'82ro\'8bdal.] Having the form of a
spheroid. -- Sphe*roid"al*ly, adv. Spheroidal state (Physics.), the
state of a liquid, as water, when, on being thrown on a surface of
highly heated metal, it rolls about in spheroidal drops or masses, at
a temperature several degrees below ebullition, and without actual
contact with the heated surface, -- a phenomenon due to the repulsive
force of heat, the intervention of a cushion of nonconducting vapor,
and the cooling effect of evaporation.
Spheroidic, Spheroidical
Sphe*roid"ic (?), Sphe*roid"ic*al (?), a. See Spheroidal. Cheyne.
Spheroidicity, Spheroidity
Sphe`roi*dic"i*ty (?), Sphe*roid"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of
being spheroidal.
Spheromere
Sphe"ro*mere (?), n. [Sphere + -mere.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the
several symmetrical segments arranged around the central axis and
composing the body of a radiate anmal.
Spherometer
Sphe*rom"e*ter (?), n. [Sphere + -meter: cf. F. sph\'82rom\'8atre.]
(Physics) An instrument for measuring the curvature of spherical
surface, as of lenses for telescope, etc.
Spherosiderite
Spher`o*sid"er*ite (?), n. [Sphere + siderite.] (Min.) Siderite
occuring in spheroidal masses.
Spherosome
Sphe"ro*some (?), n. [Sphere + -some body.] (Zo\'94l.) The body wall
of any radiate animal.
Spherulate
Spher"u*late (?), a. Covered or set with spherules; having one or more
rows of spherules, or minute tubercles.
Spherule
Spher"ule (?), n. [L. spherula: cf. F. sph\'82rule.] A little sphere
or spherical body; as, quicksilver, when poured upon a plane, divides
itself into a great number of minute spherules.
Spherulite
Spher"u*lite (?), n. [Cf. F. sph\'82rulite.] (Min.) A minute spherical
crystalline body having a radiated structure, observed in some
vitreous volcanic rocks, as obsidian and pearlstone.
Spherulitic
Spher`u*lit"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a spherulite; characterized
by the presence of spherulites.
Sphery
Spher"y (?), a.
1. Round; spherical; starlike. [R.] "Hermia's sphery eyne." Shak.
2. Of or pertaining to the spheres. [R.]
She can teach ye how to climb Higher than the sphery chime. Milton.
Sphex
Sphex (?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of
sand wasps of the genus Sphex and allied genera. These wasps have the
abdomen attached to the thorax by a slender pedicel. See Illust. of
Sand wasp, under Sand. Sphex fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous
species of small dipterous flies of the genus Conops and allied
genera. The form of the body is similar to that of a sphex.
Sphigmometer
Sphig*mom"e*ter (?), n. See Sphygmometer.
Sphincter
Sphinc"ter (?), n. [NL., fr. (Anat.) A muscle which surrounds, and by
its contraction tends to close, a natural opening; as, the sphincter
of the bladder.
Sphincter
Sphinc"ter, a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sphincter;
as, a sphincter muscle.
Sphingid
Sphin"gid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A sphinx.
Sphingid
Sphin"gid, a. Of or pertaining to a sphinx, or the family
Sphingid\'91.
Sphinx
Sphinx (?), n. [L., from Gr. sfi`gx, usually derived from sfi`ggein to
bind tight or together, as if the Throttler.]
1. (a) In Egyptian art, an image of granite or porphyry, having a
human head, or the head of a ram or of a hawk, upon the wingless body
of a lion. <-- ETY sic.? something missing? -->
The awful ruins of the days of old . . . Or jasper tomb, or
mutilated sphinx. Shelley.
(b) On Greek art and mythology, a she-monster, usually represented as
having the winged body of a lion, and the face and breast of a young
woman.
NOTE: The mo st famous Grecian sphinx, that of Thebes in B&oe;otia,
is said to have proposed a riddle to the Thebans, and killed those
who were unable to guess it. The enigma was solved by dipus,
whereupon the sphinx slew herself.
"Subtle as sphinx." Shak.
2. Hence: A person of enigmatical character and purposes, especially
in politics and diplomacy.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large moths of the family
Sphingid\'91; -- called also hawk moth.
NOTE: &hand; Th e larva is a stout naked caterpillar which, when at
rest, often assumes a position suggesting the Egyptian sphinx,
whence the name.
4. (Zo\'94l.) The Guinea, or sphinx, baboon (Cynocephalus sphinx).
Sphinx baboon (Zo\'94l.), a large West African baboon (Cynocephalus
sphinx), often kept in menageries. -- Sphinx moth. (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Sphinx, 3.
Sphragide
Sphrag"ide (?), n.[L. sphragis, -idis, Lemnian earth, fr. Gr. (Min.)
Lemnian earth.
Sphragistics
Sphra*gis"tics (?), n. [Gr. The science of seals, their history, age,
distinctions, etc., esp. as verifying the age and genuiness of
documents.
Sphrigosis
Sphri*go"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A condition of vegetation in
which there is too abundant growth of the stem and leaves, accompanied
by deficiency of flowers and fruit.
Sphygmic
Sphyg"mic (?), a. [Gr. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to the pulse.
Sphygmogram
Sphyg"mo*gram (?), n. [Gr. -gram.] (Physiol.) A tracing, called a
pulse tracing, consisting of a series of curves corresponding with the
beats of the heart, obtained by the application of the sphygmograph.
Sphygmograph
Sphyg"mo*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] (Physiol.) An instrument which,
when applied over an artery, indicates graphically the movements or
character of the pulse. See Sphygmogram.
Sphygmographic
Sphyg`mo*graph"ic (?), a. (Phusiol.) Relating to, or produced by, a
sphygmograph; as, a sphygmographic tracing.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1385
Sphygmometer
Sphyg*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physiol.) An instrument for
measuring the strength of the pulse beat; a sphygmograph.
Sphygmophone
Sphyg"mo*phone (?), n. [Gr. (Physiol.) An electrical instrument for
determining by the ear the rhythm of the pulse of a person at a
distance.
Sphygmoscope
Sphyg"mo*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Physiol.) Same as Sphygmograph.
Sphyr\'91noid
Sphy*r\'91"noid (?), a.[L. sphyraena a kind of sea fish (Gr.
sfy`raina) + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Sphyr\'91nid\'91, a family of marine fishes including the barracudas.
Spial
Spi"al (?), n. A spy; a scout. [Obs.] Bacon.
Spica
Spi"ca (?), n.; pl. Spic\'91 (#). [L., an ear, as of corn.]
1. (Med.) A kind of bandage passing, by successive turns and crosses,
from an extremity to the trunk; -- so called from its resemblance to a
spike of a barley.
2. (Astron.) A star of the first magnitude situated in the
constellation Virgo.
Spicate, Spicated
Spi"cate (?), Spi"ca*ted (?), a. [L. spicatus, p. p. of spicare
furnish with spikes, or ears, fr. spica a spike, or ear.] (Bot.)
Having the form of a spike, or ear; arranged in a spike or spikes.
Lee.
Spiccato
Spic*ca"to (?), a. [It., p. p. of spicare to detach, to separate.]
(Mus.) Detached; separated; -- a term indicating that every note is to
be performed in a distinct and pointed manner.
Spice
Spice (?), n. [OE. spice, spece, spice, species, OF. espice, espece,
F. \'82pice spice, esp\'8ace species, fr. L. species particular sort
or kind, a species, a sight, appearance, show, LL., spices, drugs,
etc., of the same sort, fr. L. specere to look. See Spy, and cf.
Species.]
1. Species; kind. [Obs.]
The spices of penance ben three. Chaucer.
Abstain you from all evil spice. Wyclif (1. Thess,v. 22).
Justice, although it be but one entire virtue, yet is described in
two kinds of spices. The one is named justice distributive, the
other is called commutative. Sir T. Elyot.
2. A vegetable production of many kinds, fragrant or aromatic and
pungent to the taste, as pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, mace, allspice,
ginger, cloves, etc., which are used in cookery and to flavor sauces,
pickles, etc.
Hast thou aught in thy purse [bag] any hot spices? Piers Plowman.
3. Figuratively, that which enriches or alters the quality of a thing
in a small degree, as spice alters the taste of food; that which gives
zest or pungency; a slight flavoring; a relish; hence, a small
quantity or admixture; a sprinkling; as, a spice of mischief.
So much of the will, with a spice of the willful. Coleridge.
Spice
Spice, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spiced (?); p. p. & vb. n. Spicing (?).]
1. To season with spice, or as with spice; to mix aromatic or pungent
substances with; to flavor; to season; as, to spice wine; to spice
one's words with wit.
She 'll receive thee, but will spice thy bread With flowery
poisons. Chapman.
2. To fill or impregnate with the odor of spices.
In the spiced Indian air, by night. Shak.
3. To render nice or dainty; hence, to render scrupulous. [Obs.] "A
spiced conscience." Chaucer.
Spicebush
Spice"bush` (?), n. (Bot.) Spicewood.
Spicenut
Spice"nut` (?). A small crisp cake, highly spiced.
Spicer
Spi"cer (?), n. [Cf. OF. espicier, F. \'82picier.]
1. One who seasons with spice.
2. One who deals in spice. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
Spicery
Spi"cer*y (?), n. [OF. espicerie, F. \'82picerie.]
1. Spices, in general. Chaucer.
2. A repository of spices. Addison.
Spicewood
Spice"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) An American shrub (Lindera Benzoin), the
bark of which has a spicy taste and odor; -- called also Benjamin,
wild allspice, and fever bush.
Spiciferous
Spi*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. spicifer bearing spikes, or ears; spica ear
+ ferre to bear.] Bearing ears, or spikes; spicate. [Obs.] Bailey.
Spiciform
Spi"ci*form (?), a. [L. spica a spike, ear + -form.] (Bot.)
Spike-shaped. Gray.
Spicily
Spi"ci*ly, adv. In a spicy manner.
Spiciness
Spi"ci*ness, n. The quality or state of being spicy.
Spick
Spick (?), n. [Cf. Sw. spik. See Spike a nail.] A spike or nail.
[Prov. Eng.] Spick and span, quite new; that is, as new as a spike or
nail just made and a chip just split; brand-new; as, a spick and span
novelty. See Span-new. <-- now hypehnated, and more commonly meaning
spotlessly clean --> Howell.
Spicknel
Spick"nel (?), n. [Contr. from spike nail a large, long nail; -- so
called in allusion to the shape of its capillary leaves.] (Bot.) An
umbelliferous herb (Meum Athamanticum) having finely divided leaves,
common in Europe; -- called also baldmoney, mew, and bearwort.
[Written also spignel.]
Spicose
Spi*cose" (?), a. [L. spica a spike, or ear.] (Bot.) Having spikes, or
ears, like corn spikes.
Spicosity
Spi*cos"i*ty (?), n. The state of having, or being full of, ears like
corn. [R.] Bailey.
Spicous
Spi"cous (?), a. (Bot.) See Spicose.
Spicula
Spic"u*la (?), n.; pl. Spicul\'91 (#). [NL., dim. of L. spica a spike,
ear.] (Bot.) (a) A little spike; a spikelet. (b) A pointed fleshy
appendage.
Spicular
Spic"u*lar (?), a. [L. spiculum a dart: cf. F. spiculaire.] Resembling
a dart; having sharp points.
Spiculate
Spic"u*late (?), a. [L. spiculatus, p. p. of spiculare to sharpen, to
point, fr. spiculum a dart.]
1. Covered with, or having, spicules.
2. (Bot.) Covered with minute spicul\'91, or pointed fleshy
appendages; divided into small spikelets.
Spiculate
Spic"u*late (?), v. t. To sharpen to a point. [R.] "With spiculated
paling." Mason.
Spicule
Spic"ule (?), n. [L. spiculum a little point, a dart.]
1. A minute, slender granule, or point.
2. (Bot.) Same as Spicula.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any small calcareous or siliceous body found in the
tissues of various invertebrate animals, especially in sponges and in
most Alcyonaria.
NOTE: &hand; Sp icules vary exceedingly in size and shape, and some
of those found in siliceous sponges are very complex in structure
and elegant in form. They are of great use in classification.
Description of the Illustration:
a Acerate; b Tricurvate, or Bowshaped; c d Hamate; e Broomshaped; f
Scepterellate; g Spinispirulate; h Inequi-anchorate; i Sexradiate;
j A Trichite Sheaf; k Six-rayed Capitate; l Rosette of Esperia; m
Equi-anchorate.
Spiculiform
Spi*cu"li*form (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the shape of a spicule.
Spiculigenous
Spic`u*lig"e*nous (?), a. [L. spiculum + -genous.] (Zo\'94l.)
Producing or containing spicules.
Spiculispongi\'91
Spic`u*li*spon"gi*\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of
sponges including those which have independent siliceous spicules.
Spiculum
Spic"u*lum (?), n.; pl. Spicula (#). [L., a little point.]
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Spicule.
Spicy
Spi"cy (?), a. [Compar. Spicier (?); superl. Spiciest.] [From
Spice.]
1. Flavored with, or containing, spice or spices; fragrant;
aromatic; as, spicy breezes. "The spicy nut-brown ale." Milton.
Led by new stars, and borne by spicy gales. Pope.
2. Producing, or abounding with, spices.
In hot Ceylon spicy forests grew. Dryden.
3. Fig.: Piquant; racy; as, a spicy debate. Syn. -- Aromatic;
fragrant; smart; pungent; pointed; keen. See Racy.
Spider
Spi"der (?), n.[OE. spi, fr. AS. spinnan to spin; -- so named from
spinning its web; cf. D. spin a spider, G. spinne, Sw. spindel.
Seee Spin.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of arachnids comprising
the order Araneina. Spiders have the mandibles converted into
poison fangs, or falcers. The abdomen is large and not segmented,
with two or three pairs of spinnerets near the end, by means of
which they spin threads of silk to form cocoons, or nests, to
protect their eggs and young. Many species spin also complex webs
to entrap the insects upon which they prey. The eyes are usually
eight in number (rarely six), and are situated on the back of the
cephalothorax. See Illust. under Araneina.
NOTE: &hand; Sp iders ar e di vided in to two principal groups: the
Dipneumona, having two lungs: and the Tetrapneumona, having four
lungs. See Mygale. The former group includes several tribes; as,
the jumping spiders (see Saltigrad\'91), the wolf spiders, or
Citigrad\'91 (see under Wolf), the crab spiders, or Laterigrad\'91
(see under Crab), the garden, or geometric, spiders, or
Orbitell\'91 (see under Geometrical, and Garden), and others. See
Bird spider, under Bird, Grass spider, under Grass, House spider,
under House, Silk spider, under Silk.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of various other arachnids resembling the
true spiders, especially certain mites, as the red spider (see
under Red).
3. An iron pan with a long handle, used as a kitchen utensil in
frying food. Originally, it had long legs, and was used over coals
on the hearth.
4. A trevet to support pans or pots over a fire.<-- = trivet -->
5. (Mach.) A skeleton, or frame, having radiating arms or members,
often connected by crosspieces; as, a casting forming the hub and
spokes to which the rim of a fly wheel or large gear is bolted; the
body of a piston head; a frame for strengthening a core or mold for
a casting, etc.
Spider ant
. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Solitary ant, under Solitary. -- Spider crab
(Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of maioid crabs having a more
or less triangular body and ten long legs. Some of the species grow to
great size, as the great Japanese spider crab (Macrocheira Kempferi),
measuring sometimes more than fifteen feet across the legs when they
are extended. -- Spider fly (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of
parasitic dipterous insects of the family Hippoboscid\'91. They are
mostly destitute of wings, and live among the feathers of birds and
the hair of bats. Called also bird tick, and bat tick. -- Spider
hunter (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of East Indian sunbirds
of the genus Arachnothera. -- Spider lines, filaments of a spider's
web crossing the field of vision in optical instruments; -- used for
determining the exact position of objects and making delicate
measurements. Fine wires, silk fibers, or lines on glass similarly
placed, are called spider lines. -- Spider mite. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any
one of several species of parasitic mites of the genus Argas and
allied genera. See Argas. (b) Any one of numerous small mites
injurious to plants. -- Spider monkey (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous
species of South American monkeys of the genus Ateles, having very
long legs and a long prehensile tail. -- Spider orchis (Bot.), a
European orchidaceous plant (Ophrys aranifera), having flowers which
resemble spiders. -- Spider shell (Zo\'94l.), any shell of the genus
Pteroceras. See Pteroceras.
Spidered
Spi"dered (?), a. Infested by spiders; cobwebbed. Wolcott.
Spiderlike
Spi"der*like` (?), a. Like a spider. Shak.
Spider web, OR Spider's web
Spi"der web" (?), OR Spi"der's web". (Zo\'94l.) The silken web which
is formed by most kinds of spiders, particularly the web spun to
entrap their prey. See Geometric spider, Triangle spider, under
Geometric, and Triangle.<-- = cobweb -->
Spiderwort
Spi"der*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) An American endogenous plant
(Tradescantia Virginica), with long linear leaves and ephemeral blue
flowers. The name is sometimes extended to other species of the same
genus.
Spied
Spied (?), imp. & p. p. of Spy.
Spiegelelsen
Spie"gel*el`sen (?), n. [G. spiegel mirror + eisen iron.] See Spiegel
iron.
Spiegel iron
Spie"gel i`ron (?). [G. spiegel mirror + E. iron.] (Metal.) A fusible
white cast iron containing a large amount of carbon (from three and a
half to six per cent) and some manganese. When the manganese reaches
twenty-five per cent and upwards it has a granular structure, and
constitutes the alloy ferro manganese, largely used in the manufacture
of Bessemer steel. Called also specular pig iron, spiegel, and
spiegeleisen.
Spight
Spight (?), n. & v. Spite. [Obs.] Spenser.
Spight
Spight, n. A woodpecker. See Speight. [Obs.]
Spignel
Spig"nel (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Spickenel.
Spignet
Spig"net (?), n. [Corrupted fr. spikenard.] (Bot.) An aromatic plant
of America. See Spikenard.
Spigot
Spig"ot (?), n. [From spick,or spike; cf. Ir. & Gael. spiocaid a
spigot, Ir. spice a spike. See Spike.] A pin or peg used to stop the
vent in a cask; also, the plug of a faucet or cock. Spigot and faucet
joint, a joint for uniting pipes, formed by the insertion of the end
of one pipe, or pipe fitting, into a socket at the end of another.
Spigurnel
Spi*gur"nel (?), n. (Eng. Law) Formerly the title of the sealer of
writs in chancery. Mozley & W.
Spike
Spike (?), n. [Akin to LG. spiker, spieker, a large nail, D. spijker,
Sw. spik, Dan. spiger, Icel. sp\'c6k; all perhaps from L. spica a
point, an ear of grain; but in the sense of nail more likely akin to
E. spoke of a wheel. Cf. Spine.]
1. A sort of very large nail; also, a piece of pointed iron set with
points upward or outward.
2. Anything resembling such a nail in shape.
He wears on his head the corona radiata . . . ; the spikes that
shoot out represent the rays of the sun. Addison.
3. An ear of corn or grain.
4. (Bot.) A kind of flower cluster in which sessile flowers are
arranged on an unbranched elongated axis.
Spike grass (Bot.), either of two tall perennial American grasses
(Uniola paniculata, and U. latifolia) having broad leaves and large
flattened spikelets. -- Spike rush. (Bot.) See under Rush. -- Spike
shell (Zo\'94l.), any pteropod of the genus Styliola having a slender
conical shell. -- Spike team, three horses, or a horse and a yoke of
oxen, harnessed together, a horse leading the oxen or the span. [U.S.]
Spike
Spike, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spiked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spiking.]
1. To fasten with spikes, or long, large nails; as, to spike down
planks.
2. To set or furnish with spikes.
3. To fix on a spike. [R.] Young.
4. To stop the vent of (a gun or cannon) by driving a spike nail, or
the like into it. <-- (Sport) To throw violently to the ground, so
that it bounces. Sometimes done by football players after scoring a
goal, as a victory celebration. -->
Spike
Spike, n. [Cf. G. spieke, L. spica an ear of grain. See Spikenard.]
(Bot.) Spike lavender. See Lavender. Oil of spike (Chem.), a colorless
or yellowish aromatic oil extracted from the European broad-leaved
lavender, or aspic (Lavendula Spica), used in artist's varnish and in
veterinary medicine. It is often adulterated with oil of turpentine,
which it much resembles.
Spikebill
Spike"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The hooded merganser. (b) The
marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa).
Spiked
Spiked (?), a. Furnished or set with spikes, as corn; fastened with
spikes; stopped with spikes.
A youth, leaping over the spiked pales, . . . was caught by those
spikes. Wiseman.
Spikefish
Spike"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Sailfish (a)
Spikelet
Spike"let (?), n. (Bot.) A small or secondary spike; especially, one
of the ultimate parts of the in florescence of grasses. See Illust. of
Quaking grass.
Spikenard
Spike"nard (?), n.[For spiked nard; cf. G. spieknarde, NL. spica
nardi. See Spike an ear, and Nard.]
1. (Bot.) An aromatic plant. In the United States it is the Aralia
racemosa, often called spignet, and used as a medicine. The spikenard
of the ancients is the Nardostachys Jatamansi, a native of the
Himalayan region. From its blackish roots a perfume for the hair is
still prepared in India.
2. A fragrant essential oil, as that from the Nardostachys Jatamansi.
Spiketail
Spike"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The pintail duck. [Local, U.S.]
Spiky
Spik"y (?), a.
1. Like a spike; spikelike.
These spiky, vivid outbursts of metallic vapors. C. A. Young.
2. Having a sharp point, or sharp points; furnished or armed with
spikes.
Or by the spiky harrow cleared away. Dyer.
The spiky wheels through heaps of carnage tore. Pope.
Spile
Spile (?), n. [Cf. LG. spile, dial. G. speil, speiler, D. spijl.
\'fb170.]
1. A small plug or wooden pin, used to stop a vent, as in a cask.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1386
2. A small tube or spout inserted in a tree for conducting sap, as
from a sugar maple.
3. A large stake driven into the ground as a support for some
superstructure; a pile.
Spile hole, a small air hole in a cask; a vent.
Spile
Spile (?), v. t. To supply with a spile or a spigot; to make a small
vent in, as a cask.
Spilikin
Spil"i*kin (?), n. [OD. spelleken a small pin. See Spill a splinter.]
One of a number of small pieces or pegs of wood, ivory, bone, or other
material, for playing a game, or for counting the score in a game, as
in cribbage. In the plural (spilikins), a game played with such
pieces; pushpin. [Written also spillikin, spilliken.]
Spill
Spill (?), n. [&root;170. Cf. Spell a splinter.]
1. A bit of wood split off; a splinter. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
2. A slender piece of anything. Specifically: -- (a) A peg or pin for
plugging a hole, as in a cask; a spile. (b) A metallic rod or pin. (c)
A small roll of paper, or slip of wood, used as a lamplighter, etc.
(d) (Mining) One of the thick laths or poles driven horizontally ahead
of the main timbering in advancing a level in loose ground.
3. A little sum of money. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
Spill
Spill, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spilt (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spilling.] To
cover or decorate with slender pieces of wood, metal, ivory, etc.; to
inlay. [Obs.] Spenser.
Spill
Spill (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spilled (?), or Spilt (; p. pr. & vb.
n. Spilling.] [OE. spillen,sually, to destroy, AS. spillan, spildan,
to destroy; akin to Icel. spilla to destroy, Sw. spilla to spill, Dan.
spilde,G. & D. spillen to squander, OHG. spildan.]
1. To destroy; to kill; to put an end to. [Obs.]
And gave him to the queen, all at her will To choose whether she
would him save or spill. Chaucer.
Greater glory think [it] to save than spill. Spenser.
2. To mar; to injure; to deface; hence, to destroy by misuse; to
waste. [Obs.]
They [the colors] disfigure the stuff and spill the whole
workmanship. Puttenham.
Spill not the morning, the quintessence of day, in recreations.
Fuller.
3. To suffer to fall or run out of a vessel; to lose, or suffer to be
scattered; -- applied to fluids and to substances whose particles are
small and loose; as, to spill water from a pail; to spill quicksilver
from a vessel; to spill powder from a paper; to spill sand or flour.
NOTE: &hand; Spill differs from pour in expressing accidental loss,
-- a loss or waste contrary to purpose.
4. To cause to flow out and be lost or wasted; to shed, or suffer to
be shed, as in battle or in manslaughter; as, a man spills another's
blood, or his own blood.
And to revenge his blood so justly spilt. Dryden.
5. (Naut.) To relieve a sail from the pressure of the wind, so that it
can be more easily reefed or furled, or to lessen the strain.
Spilling line (Naut.), a rope used for spilling, or dislodging, the
wind from the belly of a sail. Totten. <-- Spill, n. An instance of
spilling. Oil spill, an accidental release of oil, usually into the
ocean, due to damage to an oil tanker or uncontrolled release from an
underwater well. -->
Spill
Spill, v. i.
1. To be destroyed, ruined, or wasted; to come to ruin; to perish; to
waste. [Obs.]
That thou wilt suffer innocents to spill. Chaucer.
2. To be shed; to run over; to fall out, and be lost or wasted. "He
was so topful of himself, that he let it spill on all the company." I.
Watts.
Spiller
Spill"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, spills.
2. A kind of fishing line with many hooks; a boulter.
Spillet fishing, Spilliard fishing
Spil"let fish`ing (?), Spil"liard fish`ing (?),A system or method of
fishing by means of a number of hooks set on snoods all on one line;
-- in North America, called trawl fishing, bultow, or bultow fishing,
and long-line fishing.
Spillikin
Spil"li*kin (?), n. See Spilikin.
Spillway
Spill"way` (?), n. A sluiceway or passage for superfluous water in a
reservoir, to prevent too great pressure on the dam.
Spilt
Spilt (?), imp. & p. p. of Spill. Spilled.
Spilter
Spil"ter (?), n. [From Spill, n.] Any one of the small branches on a
stag's head. [Obs.] Howell.
Spilth
Spilth (?), n. [From Spill.] Anything spilt, or freely poured out;
slop; effusion. [Archaic] "With drunken spilth of wine." Shak.
Choicest cates, and the flagon's best spilth. R. Browning.
Spin
Spin (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spun (?) (Archaic imp. Span (); p. pr. &
vb. n. Spinning.] [AS. spinnan; akin to D. & G. spinnen, Icel. & Sw.
spinna, Dan. spinde, Goth. spinnan, and probably to E. span.
&root;170. Cf. Span, v. t., Spider.]
1. To draw out, and twist into threads, either by the hand or
machinery; as, to spin wool, cotton, or flax; to spin goat's hair; to
produce by drawing out and twisting a fibrous material.
All the yarn she [Penelope] spun in Ulysses' absence did but fill
Ithaca full of moths. Shak.
2. To draw out tediously; to form by a slow process, or by degrees; to
extend to a great length; -- with out; as, to spin out large volumes
on a subject.
Do you mean that story is tediously spun out? Sheridan.
3. To protract; to spend by delays; as, to spin out the day in
idleness.
By one delay after another they spin out their whole lives.
L'Estrange.
4. To cause to turn round rapidly; to whirl; to twirl; as, to spin a
top.
5. To form (a web, a cocoon, silk, or the like) from threads produced
by the extrusion of a viscid, transparent liquid, which hardens on
coming into contact with the air; -- said of the spider, the silkworm,
etc.
6. (Mech.) To shape, as malleable sheet metal, into a hollow form, by
bending or buckling it by pressing against it with a smooth hand tool
or roller while the metal revolves, as in a lathe.
To spin a yarn (Naut.), to tell a story, esp. a long or fabulous tale.
-- To spin hay (Mil.), to twist it into ropes for convenient carriage
on an expedition. -- To spin street yarn, to gad about gossiping.
[Collog.]
Spin
Spin (?), v. i.
1. To practice spinning; to work at drawing and twisting threads; to
make yarn or thread from fiber; as, the woman knows how to spin; a
machine or jenny spins with great exactness.
They neither know to spin, nor care to toll. Prior.
2. To move round rapidly; to whirl; to revolve, as a top or a spindle,
about its axis.
Round about him spun the landscape, Sky and forest reeled together.
Longfellow.
With a whirligig of jubilant mosquitoes spinning about each head.
G. W. Cable.
3. To stream or issue in a thread or a small current or jet; as, blood
spinsfrom a vein. Shak.
4. To move swifty; as, to spin along the road in a carriage, on a
bicycle, etc. [Colloq.]
Spin
Spin, n.
1. The act of spinning; as, the spin of a top; a spin a bicycle.
[Colloq.]
2. (Kinematics) Velocity of rotation about some specified axis. <--
go for a spin take a spin, take a trip in a wheeled vehicle, usu. an
automobile. -->
Spina bifida
Spi"na bif"i*da (?). (Med.) [L., cleft spine.] A congenital
malformation in which the spinal column is cleft at its lower portion,
and the membranes of the spinal cord project as an elastic swelling
from the gap thus formed.
Spinaeous
Spi*na"eous (?), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the plant
spinach, or the family of plants to which it belongs.
Spinach, Spinage
Spin"ach, Spin"age (?), n. [OF. espinache, espinoche, F. \'82pinard;
cf. F. spinace, Sp. espinaca; all fr. Ar. isf\'ben\'bej, isfin\'bej,
aspan\'bekh, probably of Persian origin.] (Bot.) A common pot herb
(Spinacia oleracea) belonging to the Goosefoot family. Mountain
spinach. See Garden orache, under Orache. -- New Zealand spinach
(Bot.), a coarse herb (Tetragonia expansa), a poor substitute for
spinach.
NOTE: &hand; Various other pot herbs are locally called spinach.
Spinal
Spi"nal (?), a. [L. spinalis, fr. spina the spine: cf. F. spinal. See
Spine.]
1. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the backbone, or
vertebral column; rachidian; vertebral.
2. Of or pertaining to a spine or spines.
Spinal accessory nerves, the eleventh pair of cranial nerves in the
higher vertebrates. They originate from the spinal cord and pass
forward into the skull, from which they emerge in company with the
pneumogastrics. -- Spinal column, the backbone, or connected series or
vertebr\'91 which forms the axis of the vertebrate skeleton; the
spine; rachis; vertebral column. -- Spinal cord, the great nervous
cord extending backward from the brain along the dorsal side of the
spinal column of a vertebrate animal, and usually terminating in a
threadlike appendage called the filum terminale; the spinal, or
vertebral, marrow; the myelon. The nervous tissue consists of nerve
fibers and nerve cells, the latter being confined to the so-called
gray matter of the central portions of the cord, while the peripheral
white matter is composed of nerve fibers only. The center of the cord
is traversed by a slender canal connecting with the ventricles of the
brain.
Spinate
Spi"nate (?), a. Bearing a spine; spiniform.
Spindle
Spin"dle (?), n. [AS. spinal, fr. spinnan to spin; akin to D. spil, G.
spille, spindel, OHG. spinnala. &root;170. See Spin.]
1. The long, round, slender rod or pin in spinning wheels by which the
thread is twisted, and on which, when twisted, it is wound; also, the
pin on which the bobbin is held in a spinning machine, or in the
shuttle of a loom.
2. A slender rod or pin on which anything turns; an axis; as, the
spindle of a vane. Specifically: -- (a) (Mach.) The shaft, mandrel, or
arbor, in a machine tool, as a lathe or drilling machine, etc., which
causes the work to revolve, or carries a tool or center, etc. (b)
(Mach.) The vertical rod on which the runner of a grinding mill turns.
(c) (Founding) A shaft or pipe on which a core of sand is formed.
3. The fusee of a watch.
4. A long and slender stalk resembling a spindle.
5. A yarn measure containing, in cotton yarn, 15,120 yards; in linen
yarn, 14,400 yards.
6. (Geom.) A solid generated by the revolution of a curved line about
its base or double ordinate or chord.
7. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any marine univalve shell of the genus Rostellaria;
-- called also spindle stromb. (b) Any marine gastropod of the genus
Fusus.
Dead spindle (Mach.), a spindle in a machine tool that does not
revolve; the spindle of the tailstock of a lathe. -- Live spindle
(Mach.), the revolving spindle of a machine tool; the spindle of the
headstock of a turning lathe. -- Spindle shell. (Zo\'94l.) See
Spindle, 7. above. -- Spindle side, the female side in descent; in the
female line; opposed to spear side. Ld. Lytton. [R.] "King Lycaon,
grandson, by the spindle side, of Oceanus." Lowell. -- Spindle tree
(Bot.), any shrub or tree of the genus Eunymus. The wood of E.
Europ\'91us was used for spindles and skewers. See Prickwood.
Spindle
Spin"dle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Spindled(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spindling
(?).] To shoot or grow into a long, slender stalk or body; to become
disproportionately tall and slender.
It has begun to spindle into overintellectuality. Lowell.
Spindle-legged
Spin"dle-legged` (?), a. Having long, slender legs.
Spindlelegs
Spin"dle*legs` (?), n. A spindlehanks.
Spindle-shanked
Spin"dle-shanked` (?), a. Having long, slender legs. Addison.
Spindleshanks
Spin"dle*shanks` (?), n. A person with slender shanks, or legs; --
used humorously or in contempt.
Spindle-shaped
Spin"dle-shaped` (?), a.
1. Having the shape of a spindle.
2. (Bot.) Thickest in the middle, and tapering to both ends; fusiform;
-- applied chiefly to roots.
Spindletail
Spin"dle*tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The pintail duck. [Local, U.S.]
Spindleworm
Spin"dle*worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of a noctuid mmoth
(Achatodes ze\'91) which feeds inside the stalks of corn (maize),
sometimes causing much damage. It is smooth, with a black head and
tail and a row of black dots across each segment.
Spindling
Spin"dling (?), a. Long and slender, or disproportionately tall and
slender; as, a spindling tree; a spindling boy.
Spine
Spine (?), n. [L. spina thorn, the spine; akin to spica a point: cf.
OF. espine, F. \'82pine. Cf. Spike, Spinet a musical instrument,
Spinny.]
1. (Bot.) A sharp appendage to any of a plant; a thorn.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A rigid and sharp projection upon any part of an
animal. (b) One of the rigid and undivided fin rays of a fish.
3. (Anat.) The backbone, or spinal column, of an animal; -- so called
from the projecting processes upon the vertebr\'91.
4. Anything resembling the spine or backbone; a ridge.
Spineback
Spine"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A fish having spines in, or in front
of, the dorsal fins.
Spinebill
Spine"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Australian birds of the
genus Acanthorhynchus. They are related to the honey eaters.
Spined
Spined (?), a. Furnished with spines; spiny.
Spine-finned
Spine"-finned` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having fine supported by spinous fin
rays; -- said of certain fishes.
Spinel, Spinelle
Spi*nel" (?), Spi*nelle" (?), n. [F. spinelle, or LL. spinellus,
perhaps from L. spina a thorn, a prickle, in allusion to its pointed
crystals.] (Min.) A mineral occuring in octahedrons of great hardness
and various colors, as red, green, blue, brown, and black, the red
variety being the gem spinel ruby. It consist essentially of alumina
and magnesia, but commonly contains iron and sometimes also chromium.
NOTE: &hand; Th e sp inel gr oup in cludes sp inel pr oper, al so
magnetite, chromite, franklinite, gahnite, etc., all of which may
be regarded as composed of a sesquioxide and a protoxide in equal
proportions.
Spinel
Spin"el (?), n. Bleached yarn in making the linen tape called inkle;
unwrought inkle. Knight.
Spineless
Spine"less (?), a. Having no spine.
Spinescent
Spi*nes"cent (?), a.[L. spinescens, -entis, p. pr. of spinescere to
know to grow thorny, fr. spina a thorn: cf. F. spinescent.] (Bot.)
Becoming hard and thorny; tapering gradually to a rigid, leafless
point; armed with spines. Gray.
Spinet
Spin"et (?), n. [OF. espinete, F. \'82pinette (cf. It. spinetta), fr.
L. spina a thorn; -- so called because its quills resemble thorns. See
Spine.] (Mus.) A keyed instrument of music resembling a harpsichord,
but smaller, with one string of brass or steel wire to each note,
sounded by means of leather or quill plectrums or jacks. It was
formerly much used. Dumb spinet. (Mus.) See Manichordon.
Spinet
Spi"net (?), n. [L. spinetum. See Spinny.] A spinny. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Spinetail
Spine"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one or several species of
swifts of the genus Acanthylis, or Ch\'91tura, and allied genera, in
which the shafts of the tail feathers terminate in rigid spines. (b)
Any one of several species of South American and Central American
clamatorial birds belonging to Synallaxis and allied genera of the
family Dendrocolaptid\'91. They are allied to the ovenbirds. (c) The
ruddy duck. [Local, U.S.]
Spine-tailed
Spine"-tailed (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the tail quills ending in
sharp, naked tips. Spine-tailed swift. (Zo\'94l.) See Spinetail (a).
Spineted
Spin"et*ed (?), a. Slit; cleft. [Obs. & R.]
Spiniferous
Spi*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. spinifer; spina thorn + ferre to produce.]
Producing spines; bearing thorns or spines; thorny; spiny.
Spiniform
Spin"i*form (?), a. Shaped like a spine.
Spinigerous
Spi*nig"er*ous (?), a. [L. spiniger; spina spine + gerere to bear.]
Bearing a spine or spines; thorn-bearing.
Spininess
Spin"i*ness (?), n. Quality of being spiny.
Spinii-spirulate
Spin`ii-spir"u*late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having spines arranged
spirally. See Spicule.
Spink
Spink (?), n. [Cf. dial. Sw. spink a kind of small bird, Gr. finch.]
(Zo\'94l.) The chaffinch.
Spinnaker
Spin"na*ker (?), n. (Naut.) A large triangular sail set upon a boom,
-- used when running before the wind.
Spinner
Spin"ner (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, spins one skilled in spinning; a spinning
machine.
2. A spider. "Long-legged spinners." Shak.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A goatsucker; -- so called from the peculiar noise it
makes when darting through the air.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A spinneret.
Ring spinner, a machine for spinning, in which the twist, given to the
yarn by a revolving bobbin, is regulated by the drag of a small metal
loop which slides around a ring encircling the bobbin, instead of by a
throstle.
Spinneret
Spin"ner*et (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the special jointed organs
situated on the under side, and near the end, of the abdomen of
spiders, by means of which they spin their webs. Most spiders have
three pairs of spinnerets, but some have only two pairs. The ordinary
silk line of the spider is composed of numerous smaller lines jointed
after issuing from the spinnerets.
Spinnerule
Spin"ner*ule (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the numerous small spinning
tubes on the spinnerets of spiders.
Spinney
Spin"ney (?), n.; pl. Spinneys (. Same as Spinny. T. Hughes.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1387
Spinning
Spin"ning (?), a. & n. from Spin. Spinning gland (Zo\'94l.), one of
the glands which form the material for spinning the silk of silkworms
and other larv\'91. -- Spinning house, formerly a common name for a
house of correction in England, the women confined therein being
employed in spinning. -- Spinning jenny (Mach.), an engine or machine
for spinning wool or cotton, by means of a large number of spindles
revolving simultaneously. -- Spinning mite (Zo\'94l.), the red spider.
-- Spinning wheel, a machine for spinning yarn or thread, in which a
wheel drives a single spindle, and is itself driven by the hand, or by
the foot acting on a treadle.
Spinny
Spin"ny (?), n.; pl. Spinnies (#). [OF. espinaye,espinoye, espinei,
espanoi, F. \'82pinaie, from L. spinetum a thicket of thorns, fr.
spina a thorn. See Spine.] A small thicket or grove with undergrowth;
a clump of trees. [Written also spinney, and spinny.]
The downs rise steep, crowned with black fir spinnies. C. Kingsley.
Spinny
Spin"ny, a. [Cf. Spiny, a.] Thin and long; slim; slender. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]
Spinose
Spi*nose" (?), a.[L. spinosus, from spina a thorn.] Full of spines;
armed with thorns; thorny.
Spinosity
Spi*nos"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being spiny or thorny;
spininess.
Spinous
Spi"nous (?), a.
1. Spinose; thorny.
2. Having the form of a spine or thorn; spinelike.
Spinous process of a vertebra (Anat.), the dorsal process of the
neural arch of a vertebra; a neurapophysis.
Spinozism
Spi*no"zism (?), n. The form of Pantheism taught by Benedict Spinoza,
that there is but one substance, or infinite essence, in the universe,
of which the so-called material and spiritual beings and phenomena are
only modes, and that one this one substance is God. [Written also
Spinosism.]
Spinozist
Spi*no"zist (?), n. A believer in Spinozism.
Spinster
Spin"ster (?), n. [Spin + -ster.]
1. A woman who spins, or whose occupation is to spin.
She spake to spinster to spin it out. Piers Plowman.
The spinsters and the knitters in the sun. Shak.
2. A man who spins. [Obs.] Shak.
3. (Law) An unmarried or single woman; -- used in legal proceedings as
a title, or addition to the surname.
If a gentlewoman be termed a spinster, she may abate the writ.
Coke.
4. A woman of evil life and character; -- so called from being forced
to spin in a house of correction. [Obs.]
Spinstress
Spin"stress (?), n. A woman who spins. T. Brown.
Spinstry
Spin"stry (?), n. The business of one who spins; spinning. [Obs.]
Milton.
Spinule
Spin"ule (?), n. [L. spinula, dim. of spina a spine: cf. F. spinule.]
A minute spine. Dana.
Spinulescent
Spin`u*les"cent (?), a. (Bot.) Having small spines; somewhat thorny.
Spinulose, Spinulous
Spin"u*lose` (?), Spin"u*lous (?), a. [Cf. F. spinuleux.] Covered with
small spines.
Spiny
Spin"y (?), a. [From Spine.]
1. Full of spines; thorny; as, a spiny tree.
2. Like a spine in shape; slender. "Spiny grasshoppers sit chirping."
Chapman.
3. Fig.: Abounding with difficulties or annoyances.
The spiny deserts of scholastic philosophy. Bp. Warburton.
Spiny lobster. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rock lobster, under Rock. See also
Lobster.
Spiny
Spin"y, n. See Spinny.
Spiodea
Spi*o"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Spio the typical genus.] (Zo\'94l.)
An extensive division of marine Annelida, including those that are
without oral tentacles or cirri, and have the gills, when present,
mostly arranged along the sides of the body. They generally live in
burrows or tubes.
Spirable
Spi"ra*ble (?), a. [L. spirabilis.] Capable of being breathed;
respirable. [Obs.] Nash.
Spiracle
Spir"a*cle (?), n.[L. spiraculum, fr. spirare to breathe: cf. F.
spiracule. See Spirit.]
1. (Anat.) The nostril, or one of the nostrils, of whales, porpoises,
and allied animals.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the external openings communicating with the
air tubes or trache\'91 of insects, myriapods, and arachnids. They are
variable in number, and are usually situated on the sides of the
thorax and abdomen, a pair to a segment. These openings are usually
elliptical, and capable of being closed. See Illust. under Coleoptera.
(a) A tubular orifice communicating with the gill cavity of certain
ganoid and all elasmobranch fishes. It is the modified first gill
cleft.
3. Any small aperture or vent for air or other fluid.
Spiracular
Spi*rac"u*lar (?), a. Of or pertaining to a spiracle.
Spir\'91a
Spi*r\'91"a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs or perennial
herbs including the meadowsweet and the hardhack.
Spir\'91ic
Spi*r\'91"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the
meadowsweet (Spir\'91a); formerly, designating an acid which is now
called salicylic acid.
Spiral
Spi"ral (?), a. [Cf. F. spiral. See Spire a winding line.]
1. Winding or circling round a center or pole and gradually receding
from it; as, the spiral curve of a watch spring.
2. Winding round a cylinder or imaginary axis, and at the same time
rising or advancing forward; winding like the thread of a screw;
helical.
3. (Geom.) Of or pertaining to a spiral; like a spiral.
Spiral gear, OR Spiral wheel (Mach.), a gear resembling in general a
spur gear, but having its teeth cut at an angle with its axis, or so
that they form small portions of screws or spirals. -- Spiral gearing,
a kind of gearing sometimes used in light machinery, in which spiral
gears, instead of bevel gears, are used to transmit motion between
shafts that are not parallel. -- Spiral operculum, an operculum whih
has spiral lines of growth. -- Spiral shell, any shell in which the
whorls form a spiral or helix. -- Spiral spring. See the Note under
Spring, n., 4.
Spiral
Spi"ral (?), n. [Cf. F. spirale. See Spiral, a.]
1. (Geom.) A plane curve, not re\'89ntrant, described by a point,
called the generatrix, moving along a straight line according to a
mathematical law, while the line is revolving about a fixed point
called the pole. Cf. Helix.
2. Anything which has a spiral form, as a spiral shell.
Equiangular spiral,a plane curve which cuts all its generatrices at
the same angle. Same as Logarithmic spiral, under Logarithmic. --
Spiral of Archimedes, a spiral the law of which is that the generatrix
moves uniformly along the revolving line, which also moves uniformly.
Spirality
Spi*ral"i*ty (?), n. The quality or states of being spiral.
Spirally
Spi"ral*ly (?), adv. In a spiral form, manner, or direction.
Spiralozooid
Spi*ra`lo*zo"oid (?), n. [Spiral + zooid. So called because they often
have a spiral form when contracted.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the special
defensive zooids of certain hydroids. They have the form of long,
slender tentacles, and bear lasso cells.
Spirant
Spi"rant (?), n. [L. spirans, -antis, p. pr. of spirare to breathe.
See Spirit.] (Phon.) A term used differently by different authorities;
-- by some as equivalent to fricative, -- that is, as including all
the continuous consonants, except the nasals m, n, ng; with the
further exception, by others, of the liquids r, l, and the semivowels
w, y; by others limited to f, v, th surd and sonant, and the sound of
German ch, -- thus excluding the sibilants, as well as the nasals,
liquids, and semivowels. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 197-208.
Spiranthy
Spi*ran"thy (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) The occasional twisted growth of the
parts of a flower.
Spiration
Spi*ra"tion (?), n. [L. spiratio, fr. spirare to breathe.] The act of
breathing. [Obs.] Barrow.
Spire
Spire (?), v. i. [L. spirare to breathe. See Spirit.] To breathe.
[Obs.] Shenstone.
Spire
Spire, n. [OE. spire, spir, a blade of grass, a young shoot, AS.
sp\'c6r; akin to G. spier a blade of grass, Dan. spire a sprout,
sprig, Sw. spira a spar, Icel. sp\'c6ra.]
1. A slender stalk or blade in vegetation; as, a spire grass or of
wheat.
An oak cometh up a little spire. Chaucer.
2. A tapering body that shoots up or out to a point in a conical or
pyramidal form. Specifically (Arch.), the roof of a tower when of a
pyramidal form and high in proportion to its width; also, the
pyramidal or aspiring termination of a tower which can not be said to
have a roof, such as that of Strasburg cathedral; the tapering part of
a steeple, or the steeple itself. "With glistering spires and
pinnacles adorned." Milton.
A spire of land that stand apart, Cleft from the main. Tennyson.
Tall spire from which the sound of cheerful bells Just undulates
upon the listening ear. Cowper.
3. (Mining) A tube or fuse for communicating fire to the chargen in
blasting.
4. The top, or uppermost point, of anything; the summit.
The spire and top of praises. Shak.
Spire
Spire, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Spired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spiring.] To
shoot forth, or up in, or as if in, a spire. Emerson.
It is not so apt to spire up as the other sorts, being more
inclined to branch into arms. Mortimer.
Spire
Spire, n. [L. spira coil, twist; akin to Gr. spire.]
1. A spiral; a curl; a whorl; a twist. Dryden.
2. (Geom.) The part of a spiral generated in one revolution of the
straight line about the pole. See Spiral, n.
Spire bearer. (Paleon.) Same as Spirifer.
Spired
Spired (?), a. Having a spire; being in the form of a spire; as, a
spired steeple. Mason.
Spiricle
Spi"ri*cle (?), n. [Dim., fr. L. spira a coil.] (Bot.) One of certain
minute coiled threads in the coating of some seeds. When moistened
these threads protrude in great numbers. Gray.
Spirifer
Spi"ri*fer (?), n. [NL., fr. L. spira a coil + ferreto bear.]
(Paleon.) Any one of numerous species of fossil brachipods of the
genus Spirifer, or Delthyris, and allied genera, in which the long
calcareous supports of the arms form a large spiral, or helix, on each
side.
Spirillum
Spi*ril"lum (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. spira a coil.] (Biol.) A genus of
common motile micro\'94rganisms (Spirobacteria) having the form of
spiral-shaped filaments. One species is said to be the cause of
relapsing fever.
Spiring
Spir"ing (?), a. Shooting up in a spire or spires. "The spiring
grass." Dryton.
Spirit
Spir"it (?), n. [OF. espirit, esperit, F. esprit, L. spiritus, from
spirare to breathe, to blow. Cf. Conspire, Expire, Esprit, Sprite.]
1. Air set in motion by breathing; breath; hence, sometimes, life
itself. [Obs.] "All of spirit would deprive." Spenser.
The mild air, with season moderate, Gently attempered, and disposed
eo well, That still it breathed foorth sweet spirit. Spenser.
2. A rough breathing; an aspirate, as the letter h; also, a mark to
denote aspiration; a breathing. [Obs.]
Be it a letter or spirit, we have great use for it. B. Jonson.
3. Life, or living substance, considered independently of corporeal
existence; an intelligence conceived of apart from any physical
organization or embodiment; vital essence, force, or energy, as
distinct from matter.
4. The intelligent, immaterial and immortal part of man; the soul, in
distinction from the body in which it resides; the agent or subject of
vital and spiritual functions, whether spiritual or material.
There is a spirit in man; and the inspiration of the Almighty
giveth them understanding. Job xxxii. 8.
As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is
dead also. James ii. 26.
Spirit is a substance wherein thinking, knowing, doubting, and a
power of moving, do subsist. Locke.
5. Specifically, a disembodied soul; the human soul after it has left
the body.
Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit
shall return unto God who gave it. Eccl. xii. 7.
Ye gentle spirits far away, With whom we shared the cup of grace.
Keble.
6. Any supernatural being, good or bad; an apparition; a specter; a
ghost; also, sometimes, a sprite,; a fairy; an elf.
Whilst young, preserve his tender mind from all impressions of
spirits and goblins in the dark. Locke.
7. Energy, vivacity, ardor, enthusiasm, courage, etc.
"Write it then, quickly," replied Bede; and summoning all his
spirits together, like the last blaze of a candle going out, he
indited it, and expired. Fuller.
8. One who is vivacious or lively; one who evinces great activity or
peculiar characteristics of mind or temper; as, a ruling spirit; a
schismatic spirit.
Such spirits as he desired to please, such would I choose for my
judges. Dryden.
9. Temper or disposition of mind; mental condition or disposition;
intellectual or moral state; -- often in the plural; as, to be
cheerful, or in good spirits; to be downhearted, or in bad spirits.
God has . . . made a spirit of building succeed a spirit of pulling
down. South.
A perfect judge will read each work of wit With the same spirit
that its author writ. Pope.
10. Intent; real meaning; -- opposed to the letter, or to formal
statement; also, characteristic quality, especially such as is derived
from the individual genius or the personal character; as, the spirit
of an enterprise, of a document, or the like.
11. Tenuous, volatile, airy, or vapory substance, possessed of active
qualities.
All bodies have spirits . . . within them. Bacon.
12. Any liquid produced by distillation; especially, alcohol, the
spirits, or spirit, of wine (it having been first distilled from
wine): -- often in the plural.
13. pl. Rum, whisky, brandy, gin, and other distilled liquors having
much alcohol, in distinction from wine and malt liquors.
14. (Med.) A solution in alcohol of a volatile principle. Cf.
Tincture. U. S. Disp.
15. (Alchemy) Any one of the four substances, sulphur, sal ammoniac,
quicksilver, or arsenic (or, according to some, orpiment).
The four spirits and the bodies seven. Chaucer.
16. (Dyeing) Stannic chloride. See under Stannic.
NOTE: &hand; Sp irit is sometimes joined with other words, forming
compounds, generally of obvious signification; as, spirit-moving,
spirit-searching, spirit-stirring, etc.
Astral spirits, Familiar spirits, etc. See under Astral, Familiar,
etc. -- Animal spirits. (a) (Physiol.) The fluid which at one time was
supposed to circulate through the nerves and was regarded as the agent
of sensation and motion; -- called also the nervous fluid, or nervous
principle. (b) Physical health and energy; frolicsomeness;
sportiveness. -- Ardent spirits, strong alcoholic liquors, as brandy,
rum, whisky, etc., obtained by distillation. -- Holy Spirit, OR The
Spirit (Theol.), the Spirit of God, or the third person of the
Trinity; the Holy Ghost. The spirit also signifies the human spirit as
influenced or animated by the Divine Spirit. -- Proof spirit. (Chem.)
See under Proof. -- Rectified spirit (Chem.), spirit rendered purer or
more concentrated by redistillation, so as to increase the percentage
of absolute alcohol. -- Spirit butterfly (Zo\'94l.), any one of
numerous species of delicate butterflies of tropical America belonging
to the genus Ithomia. The wings are gauzy and nearly destitute of
scales. -- Spirit duck. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The buffle-headed duck. (b) The
golden-eye. -- Spirit lamp (Art), a lamp in which alcohol or
methylated spirit is burned. -- Spirit level. See under Level. --
Spirit of hartshorn. (Old Chem.) See under Hartshorn. -- Spirit of
Mindererus (Med.), an aqueous solution of acetate of ammonium; --
named after R. Minderer, physician of Augsburg. -- Spirit of nitrous
ether (Med. Chem.), a pale yellow liquid, of a sweetish taste and a
pleasant ethereal odor. It is obtained by the distillatin of alcohol
with nitric and sulphuric acids, and consists essentially of ethyl
nitrite with a little acetic aldehyde. It is used a diaphoretic,
diuretic, antispasmodic, etc. Called also sweet spirit of niter. --
Spirit of salt (Chem.), hydrochloric acid; -- so called because
obtained from salt and sulphuric acid. [Obs.] -- Spirit of sense, the
utmost refinement of sensation. [Obs.] Shak. -- Spirits, OR Spirit, of
turpentine (Chem.), rectified oil of turpentine, a transparent,
colorless, volatile, and very inflammable liquid, distilled from the
turpentine of the various species of pine; camphine. See Camphine. --
Spirit of vitriol (Chem.), sulphuric acid; -- so called because
formerly obtained by the distillation of green vitriol. [Obs.] --
Spirit of vitriolic ether (Chem.) ether; -- often but incorrectly
called sulphuric ether. See Ether. [Obs.] -- Spirits, OR Spirit, of
wine (Chem.), alcohol; -- so called because formerly obtained by the
distillation of wine. -- Spirit rapper, one who practices spirit
rapping; a "medium" so called. -- Spirit rapping, an alleged form of
communication with the spirits of the dead by raps. See Spiritualism,
3. -- Sweet spirit of niter. See Spirit of nitrous ether, above.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1388
Syn. -- Life; ardor; energy; fire; courage; animatioon; cheerfulness;
vivacity; enterprise.
Spirit
Spir"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spirited; p. pr. & vb. n. Spiriting.]
1. To animate with vigor; to excite; to encourage; to inspirit; as,
civil dissensions often spirit the ambition of private men; --
sometimes followed by up.
Many officers and private men spirit up and assist those obstinate
people to continue in their rebellion. Swift
.
2. To convey rapidly and secretly, or mysteriously, as if by the
agency of a spirit; to kidnap; -- often with away, or off.
The ministry had him spirited away, and carried abroad as a
dangerous person. Arbuthnot & Pope.
I felt as if I had been spirited into some castle of antiquity.
Willis.
Spiriting away (Law), causing to leave; the offense of inducing a
witness to leave a jurisdiction so as to evade process requiring
attendance at trial.
Spiritally
Spir"it*al*ly (?), adv.[L. spiritalis belonging to breathing.] By
means of the breath. [Obs.] Holder.
Spirited
Spir"it*ed, a.
1. Animated or possessed by a spirit. [Obs.] "So talked the spirited,
sly snake." Milton.
2. Animated; full of life or vigor; lively; full of spirit or fire;
as, a spirited oration; a spirited answer.
NOTE: &hand; Sp irited is mu ch us ed in co mposition; as in
high-spirited, low-spirited, mean-spirited, etc.
Syn. -- Lively; vivacious; animated; ardent; active; bold; courageous.
-- Spir"it*ed*ly, adv. -- Spir"it*ed*ness, n.
Spiritful
Spir"it*ful (?), a. Full of spirit; spirited. [R.]
The spiritful and orderly life of our own grown men. Milton.
-- Spir"it*ful*ly, adv. -- Spir"it*ful*ness, n.
Spiritism
Spir"it*ism (?), n. Spiritualsm.
Spiritist
Spir"it*ist, n. A spiritualist.
Spiritless
Spir"it*less, a.
1. Destitute of spirit; wanting animation; wanting cheerfulness;
dejected; depressed.
2. Destitute of vigor; wanting life, courage, or fire.
A men so faint, so spiritless, So dull, so dead in lock, so
woebegone. Shak.
3. Having no breath; extinct; dead. "The spiritless body." Greenhill.
-- Spir"it*less*ly, adv. -- Spir"it*less*ness, n.
Spiritoso
Spi`ri*to"so (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Spirited; spiritedly; -- a
direction to perform a passage in an animated, lively manner.
Spiritous
Spir"it*ous (?), a. [Cf. Spirituous.]
1. Like spirit; refined; defecated; pure. [R.]
More refined, more spirituous and pure. Milton.
2. Ardent; active. [R.]
Spiritousness
Spir"it*ous*ness, n. Quality of being spiritous. [R.]
Spiritual
Spir"it*u*al (?), a. [L. spiritualis: cf. F. spirituel. See Spirit.]
1. Consisting of spirit; not material; incorporeal; as, a spiritual
substance or being.
It is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. 1 Cor.
xv. 44.
2. Of or pertaining to the intellectual and higher endowments of the
mind; mental; intellectual.
3. Of or pertaining to the moral feelings or states of the soul, as
distinguished from the external actions; reaching and affecting the
spirits.
God's law is spiritual; it is a transcript of the divine nature,
and extends its authority to the acts of the soul of man. Sir T.
Browne.
4. Of or pertaining to the soul or its affections as influenced by the
Spirit; controlled and inspired by the divine Spirit; proceeding from
the Holy Spirit; pure; holy; divine; heavenly-minded; -- opposed to
carnal.
That I may impart unto you some spiritual gift. Rom. i. ll.
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath
blessed us with all spiritual blessings. Eph. i. 3.
If a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore
such an one. Gal. vi. 1.
5. Not lay or temporal; relating to sacred things; ecclesiastical; as,
the spiritual functions of the clergy; lords spiritual and temporal; a
spiritual corporation.
Spiritual coadjuctor. (Eccl.) See the Note under Jesuit. -- Spiritual
court (Eccl. Law), an ecclesiastical court, or a court having
jurisdiction in ecclesiastical affairs; a court held by a bishop or
other ecclesiastic.
Spiritual
Spir"it*u*al, n. A spiritual function, office, or affair. See
Spirituality, 2.
He assigns supremacy to the pope in spirituals, and to the emperor
in temporals. Lowell.
Spiritualism
Spir"it*u*al*ism (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being spiritual.
2. (Physiol.) The doctrine, in opposition to the materialists, that
all which exists is spirit, or soul -- that what is called the
external world is either a succession of notions impressed on the mind
by the Deity, as maintained by Berkeley, or else the mere educt of the
mind itself, as taught by Fichte.
3. A belief that departed spirits hold intercourse with mortals by
means of physical phenomena, as by rappng, or during abnormal mental
states, as in trances, or the like, commonly manifested through a
person of special susceptibility, called a medium; spiritism; the
doctrines and practices of spiritualists.
What is called spiritualism should, I think, be called a mental
species of materialism. R. H. Hutton.
Spiritualist
Spir"it*u*al*ist (?), n.
1. One who professes a regard for spiritual things only; one whose
employment is of a spiritual character; an ecclesiastic.
2. One who maintains the doctrine of spiritualism.
3. One who believes in direct intercourse with departed spirits,
through the agency of persons commonly called mediums, by means of
physical phenomena; one who attempts to maintain such intercourse; a
spiritist.
Spiritualist
Spir"it*u*al*ist, a. Spiritualistic. Taylor.
Spiritualistic
Spir`it*u*al*is"tic (?), a. Relating to, or connected with,
spiritualism.
Spirituality
Spir`it*u*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Spiritualities (#). [L. spiritualitas:
cf. F. spiritualit\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being spiritual; incorporeality;
heavenly-mindedness.
A pleasure made for the soul, suitable to its spirituality. South.
If this light be not spiritual, yet it approacheth nearest to
spirituality. Sir W. Raleigh.
Much of our spirituality and comfort in public worship depends on
the state of mind in which we come. Bickersteth.
2. (Eccl.) That which belongs to the church, or to a person as an
ecclesiastic, or to religion, as distinct from temporalities.
During the vacancy of a see, the archbishop is guardian of the
spiritualities thereof. Blackstone.
3. An ecclesiastical body; the whole body of the clergy, as distinct
from, or opposed to, the temporality. [Obs.]
Five entire subsidies were granted to the king by the spirituality.
Fuller.
Spiritualization
Spir`it*u*al*i*za"tion (?), n. The act of spiritualizing, or the state
of being spiritualized.
Spiritualize
Spir"it*u*al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spiritualized (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Spiritualizing (?).] [Cf. F. spiritualiser.]
1. To refine intellectiually or morally; to purify from the corrupting
influence of the world; to give a spiritual character or tendency to;
as, to spiritualize soul.
This seen in the clear air, and the whole spiritualized by endless
recollections, fills the eye and the heart more forcibly than I can
find words to say. Carlyle.
2. To give a spiritual meaning to; to take in a spiritual sense; --
opposed to literalize.
3. (Old Chem.) To extract spirit from; also, to convert into, or
impregnate with, spirit.
Spiritualizer
Spir"it*u*al*i`zer (?), n. One who spiritualizes.
Spiritually
Spir"it*u*al*ly, adv. In a spiritual manner; with purity of spirit;
like a spirit.
Spiritual-minded
Spir"it*u*al-mind`ed (?), a. Having the mind set on spiritual things,
or filled with holy desires and affections. --
Spir"it*u*al-mind`ed*ness, n.
Spiritualness
Spir"it*u*al*ness, n. The quality or state of being spiritual or
spiritual-minded; spirituality.
Spiritualty
Spir"it*u*al*ty (?), n. [See Spirituality.] (Eccl.) An ecclesiastical
body; a spirituality. Shak.
Spiritielle
Spi`ri`ti`elle" (?), a. [F.] Of the nature, or having the appearance,
of a spirit; pure; refined; ethereal.
Spirituosity
Spir`it*u*os"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being spirituous;
spirituousness. [R.]
Spirituous
Spir"it*u*ous (?), a. [Cf. (for sense 2) F. spiritueux. Cf.
Spiritous.]
1. Having the quality of spirit; tenuous in substance, and having
active powers or properties; ethereal; immaterial; spiritual; pure.
2. Containing, or of the nature of, alcoholic (esp. distilled) spirit;
consisting of refined spirit; alcoholic; ardent; as, spirituous
liquors.
3. Lively; gay; vivid; airy. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
The mind of man is of that spirituous, stirring nature, that it is
perpetually at work. South.
Spirituousness
Spir"it*u*ous*ness, n. The quality or state of being spirituous. [R.]
Boyle.
Spirketing
Spirk"et*ing (?), n. (Naut.) The planking from the waterways up to the
port sills. Totten.
Spirling
Spirl"ing (?), n. Sparling. [Prov. Eng.]
Spirobacteria
Spi`ro*bac*te"ri*a (?), n. pl.; sing. Spirobacterium (. [NL. See 4th
Spire, and Bacterium.] (Biol.) See the Note under Microbacteria.
Spiroch\'91ta, Spiroch\'91te
Spi`ro*ch\'91"ta (?), Spi`ro*ch\'91"te (?), n. [L. spira a coil + Gr.
(Biol.) A genus of Spirobacteria similar to Spirillum, but
distinguished by its motility. One species, the Spiroch\'91te
Obermeyeri, is supposed to be the cause of relapsing fever.
Spirograph
Spi"ro*graph (?), n. [L. spirare to breathe + -graph.] (Physiol.) An
instrument for recording the respiratory movements, as the
sphygmograph does those of the pulse.
Spirometer
Spi*rom"e*ter (?), n. [L. spirare to breathe + -meter.] An instrument
for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs, or the volume of air
which can be expelled from the chest after the deepest possible
inspiration. Cf. Pneumatometer.
Spirometry
Spi*rom"e*try (?), n. The act or process of measuring the chest
capacity by means of a spirometer.
Spiroscope
Spi"ro*scope (?), n. [L. spirare to breathe + -scope.] (Physiol.) A
wet meter used to determine the breathing capacity of the lungs.
Spiroylic, Spiroylous
Spi*royl"ic (?), Spi*royl"ous (?), a. [NL. Spir meadowsweet (a source
of salicylal) + -yl + -ic, -ous.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
designating, a substance now called salicylal. [Obs.]
Spirt
Spirt (?), v. & n. Same as Spurt.
Spirtle
Spir"tle (?), v. t. To spirt in a scattering manner.
Spirula
Spir"u*la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. spira a coil.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus
of cephalopods having a multilocular, internal, siphunculated shell in
the form of a flat spiral, the coils of which are not in contact.
Spirulate
Spir"u*late (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Having the color spots, or structural
parts, arranged spirally.
Spiry
Spir"y (?), a. [From Spire a winding line.] Of a spiral form;
wreathed; curled; serpentine.
Hid in the spiry volumes of the snake. Dryden.
Spiry
Spir"y, a. [FR. Spire a steeple.] Of or pertaining to a spire; like a
spire, tall, slender, and tapering; abounding in spires; as, spiry
turrets. "Spiry towns." Thomson.
Spiss
Spiss (?), a. [L. spissus.] Thick; crowded; compact; dense. [Obs.]
This spiss and . . . copious, yet concise, treatise. Brerewood.
Spissated
Spis"sa*ted (?), a. Rendered dense or compact, as by evaporation;
inspissated; thickened. [R.]
The spissated juice of the poppy. Bp. Warburton.
Spissitude
Spis"si*tude (?), n. [L. spissitudo.] The quality or state of being
spissated; as, the spissitude of coagulated blood, or of any coagulum.
Arbuthnot.
Spit
Spit (?), n. [OE. spite, AS. spitu; akin to D. spit, G. spiess, OHG.
spiz, Dan. spid. Sw. spett, and to G. spitz pointed. &root;170.]
1. A long, slender, pointed rod, usually of iron, for holding meat
while roasting.
2. A small point of land running into the sea, or a long, narrow shoal
extending from the shore into the sea; as, a spit of sand. Cook.
3. The depth to which a spade goes in digging; a spade; a spadeful.
[Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Spit
Spit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Spitting.] [From
Spit, n.; cf. Speet.]
1. To thrust a spit through; to fix upon a spit; hence, to thrust
through or impale; as, to spit a loin of veal. "Infants spitted upon
pikes." Shak.
2. To spade; to dig. [Prov. Eng.]
Spit
Spit, v. i. To attend to a spit; to use a spit. [Obs.]
She's spitting in the kitchen. Old Play.
Spit
Spit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spit (Spat, archaic); p. pr. & vb. n.
Spitting.] [AS. spittan; akin to G. sp\'81tzen, Dan. spytte, Sw.
spotta,Icel. sp, and prob. E. spew. The past tense spat is due to AS.
sp, from sp to spit. Cf. Spat, n., Spew, Spawl, Spot, n.]
1. To eject from the mouth; to throw out, as saliva or other matter,
from the mouth. "Thus spit I out my venom." <-- spat is a common pp
and not archaic --> Chaucer.
2. To eject; to throw out; to belch.
NOTE: &hand; Sp itted wa s so metimes us ed as the preterit and the
past participle. "He . . . shall be mocked, and spitefully
entreated, and spitted on."
Luke xviii. 32.
Spit
Spit, n. The secretion formed by the glands of the mouth; spitle;
saliva; sputum.
Spit
Spit, v. i.
1. To throw out saliva from the mouth.
2. To rain or snow slightly, or with sprinkles.
It had been spitting with rain. Dickens.
To spit on OR upon, to insult grossly; to treat with contempt.
"Spitting upon all antiquity." South.
Spital
Spit"al (?), n. [Abbreviated from hospital.] [Written also spittle.] A
hospital. [Obs.] Shak.
Spitalhouse
Spit"al*house` (?), n. A hospital. [Obs.]
Spitball
Spit"ball` (?), n. Paper chewed, and rolled into a ball, to be thrown
as a missile.
Spitbox
Spit"box` (?), n. A vessel to receive spittle.
Spitchcock
Spitch"cock` (?), v. t. [1st spit + cock.] (Cookery) To split (as an
eel) lengthwise, and broil it, or fry it in hot fat.
Spitchcock
Spitch"cock`, n. (Cookery) An eel split and broiled.
Spitchcocked
Spitch"cocked` (?), a. (Cookery) Broiled or fried after being split
lengthwise; -- said of eels.
Spit curl
Spit" curl` (?). A little lock of hair, plastered in a spiral form on
the temple or forehead with spittle, or other adhesive substance.
[Colloq.]
Spite
Spite (?), n. [Abbreviated fr. despite.]
1. Ill-will or hatred toward another, accompanied with the disposition
to irritate, annoy, or thwart; petty malice; grudge; rancor; despite.
Pope.
This is the deadly spite that angers. Shak.
2. Vexation; chargrin; mortification. [R.] Shak.
In spite of, OR Spite of, in opposition to all efforts of; in defiance
or contempt of; notwithstanding. "Continuing, spite of pain, to use a
knee after it had been slightly ibnjured." H. Spenser. "And saved me
in spite of the world, the devil, and myself." South. "In spite of all
applications, the patient grew worse every day." Arbuthnot. See Syn.
under Notwithstanding. -- To owe one a spite, to entertain a mean
hatred for him. Syn. -- Pique, rancor; malevolence; grudge. -- Spite,
Malice. Malice has more reference to the disposition, and spite to the
manifestation of it in words and actions. It is, therefore, meaner
than malice, thought not always more criminal. " Malice . . . is more
frequently employed to express the dispositions of inferior minds to
execute every purpose of mischief within the more limited circle of
their abilities." Cogan. "Consider eke, that spite availeth naught."
Wyatt. See Pique.
Spite
Spite, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spited; p. pr. & vb. n. Spiting.]
1. To be angry at; to hate. [Obs.]
The Danes, then . . . pagans, spited places of religion. Fuller.
2. To treat maliciously; to try to injure or thwart.
3. To fill with spite; to offend; to vex. [R.]
Darius, spited at the Magi, endeavored to abolish not only their
learning, but their language. Sir. W. Temple.
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Spiteful
Spite"ful (?), a. Filled with, or showing, spite; having a desire to
vex, annoy, or injure; malignant; malicious; as, a spiteful person or
act. Shak. -- Spite"ful*ly, adv. Spite"ful*ness, n.
Spitfire
Spit"fire` (?), n. A violent, irascible, or passionate person.
[Colloq.] Grose.
Spitful
Spit"ful (?), n.; pl. Spitfuls (. A spadeful. [Prov. Eng.]
Spitous
Spit"ous (?), a. Having spite; spiteful. [Obs.]
Spitously
Spit"ous*ly, adv. Spitefully. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Spitscocked
Spits"cocked` (?), a. Spitchcocked.
Spitted
Spit"ted (?), a. [From Spit.]
1. Put upon a spit; pierced as if by a spit.
2. Shot out long; -- said of antlers. Bacon.
Spitted
Spit"ted, p. p. of Spit, v. i., to eject, to spit. [Obs.]
Spitter
Spit"ter (?), n. [See Spit to eject from the mouth.] One who ejects
saliva from the mouth.
Spitter
Spit"ter, n. [See Spit an iron prong.]
1. One who puts meat on a spit.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A young deer whose antlers begin to shoot or become
sharp; a brocket, or pricket.
Spittle
Spit"tle (?), n. See Spital. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Spittle
Spit"tle, v. t. [See Spit to spade.] To dig or stir with a small
spade. [Prov. Eng.]
Spittle
Spit"tle, n. A small sort of spade. [Prov. Eng.]
Spittle
Spit"tle, n. [From Spit to eject from the mouth: cf. Spattle, and AS.
sp\'betl.] The thick, moist matter which is secreted by the salivary
glands; saliva; spit. Spittle insect. (Zo\'94l.) See Cuckoo spit (b),
under Cuckoo.
Spittly
Spit"tly (?), a. Like spittle; slimy. [Obs.]
Spittoon
Spit*toon" (?), n. A spitbox; a cuspidor.
Spit-venom
Spit"-ven"om (?), n. Poison spittle; poison ejected from the mouth.
[R.] Hooker.
Spitz dog
Spitz" dog" (?). [G. spitz, spitzhund.] (Zo\'94l.) A breed of dogs
having erect ears and long silky hair, usually white; -- called also
Pomeranian dog, and louploup.
Spitzenburgh
Spitz"en*burgh (?), n. A kind of red and yellow apple, of medium size
and spicy flavor. It originated at Newtown, on Long Island.
Splanchnapophysis
Splanch`napoph"y*sis (?), n.; pl. Splanchnapophyses (#). [NL. See
Splanchnic, and Apophysis.] (Anat.) Any element of the skeleton in
relation with the alimentary canal, as the jaws and hyoidean
apparatus. -- Splanch`nap`o*phys"i*al (#), a. Mivart.
Splanchnic
Splanch"nic (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the viscera;
visceral.
Splanchnography
Splanch*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] Splanchnology.
Splanchnology
Splanch*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] That part of anatomy which
treats of the viscera; also, a treatise on the viscera.
Splanchnopleure
Splanch"no*pleure (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) The inner, or visceral, one of
the two lamell\'91 into which the vertebrate blastoderm divides on
either side of the notochord, and from which the walls of the enteric
canal and the umbilical vesicle are developed. See Somatopleure. --
Splanch`no*pleu"ric (#), a.
Splanchno-skeleton
Splanch`no-skel"e*ton (?), n. [Gr. skeleton.] (Anat.) That part of the
skeleton connected with the sense organs and the viscera. Owen.
Splanchnotomy
Splanch*not"o*my (?), n. [Gr. The dissection, or anatomy, of the
viscera.
Splandrel
Splan"drel (?), n. See Spandrel. [R.]
Splash
Splash (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Splashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Splashing.] [Akin to plash.]
1. To strike and dash about, as water, mud, etc.; to plash.
2. To spatter water, mud, etc., upon; to wet.
Splash
Splash, v. i. To strike and dash about water, mud, etc.; to dash in
such a way as to spatter.
Splash
Splash, n.
1. Water, or water and dirt, thrown upon anything, or thrown from a
puddle or the like; also, a spot or daub, as of matter which wets or
disfigures.
2. A noise made by striking upon or in a liquid.
Splashboard
Splash"board` (?), n. A guard in the front part of vehicle, to prevent
splashing by a mud or water from the horse's heels; -- in the United
States commonly called dashboard.
Splasher
Splash"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, splashes.
2. One of the guarde over the wheels, as of a carriage, locomotive,
etc. Weale.
3. A guard to keep off splashes from anything.
Splashy
Splash"y (?), a. Full of dirty water; wet and muddy, so as be easily
splashed about; slushy.
Splatter
Splat"ter (?), v. i. & t. To spatter; to splash.
Splatterdash
Splat"ter*dash` (?), n . Uproar. Jamieson.
Splay
Splay (?), v. t. [Abbrev. of display.]
1. To display; to spread. [Obs.] "Our ensigns splayed." Gascoigne.
2. To dislocate, as a shoulder bone.
3. To spay; to castrate. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
4. To turn on one side; to render oblique; to slope or slant, as the
side of a door, window, etc. Oxf. Gloss.
Splay
Splay, a. Displayed; spread out; turned outward; hence, flat;
ungainly; as, splay shoulders.
Sonwthing splay, something blunt-edged, unhandy, and infelicitous.
M. Arnold.
Splay
Splay, a. (Arch.) A slope or bevel, especially of the sides of a door
or window, by which the opening is made larged at one face of the wall
than at the other, or larger at each of the faces than it is between
them.
Splayfoot
Splay"foot` (?), n.; pl. Splayfeet (. A foot that is abnormally
flattened and spread out; flat foot.
Splayfoot, Splayfooted
Splay"foot`, Splay"foot`ed a. Having a splayfoot or splayfeet.
Splaymouth
Splay"mouth` (?), n.; pl. Splaymouths (. A wide mouth; a mouth
stretched in derision. Dryden.
Splaymouthed
Splay`mouthed" (?), a. Having a splaymouth. T. Brown.
Spleen
Spleen (?), n. [L. splen, Gr. lien, plihan, pl\'c6han.]
1. (Anat.) A peculiar glandlike but ductless organ found near the
stomach or intestine of most vertebrates and connected with the
vascular system; the milt. Its exact function in not known.
2. Anger; latent spite; ill humor; malice; as, to vent one's spleen.
In noble minds some dregs remain, Not yet purged off, of spleen and
sour disdain. Pope.
3. A fit of anger; choler. Shak.
4. A sudden motion or action; a fit; a freak; a whim. [Obs. or R.]
A thousand spleens bear her a thousand ways. Shak.
5. Melancholy; hypochondriacal affections.
Bodies changed to various forms by spleen. Pope.
There is a luxury in self-dispraise: And inward self-disparagement
affords To meditative spleen a grateful feast. Wordsworth.
6. A fit of immoderate laughter or merriment. [Obs.]
Thy silly thought enforces my spleen. Shak.
Spleen
Spleen, v. t. To dislke. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.
Spleened
Spleened (?), a.
1. Deprived of the spleen.
2. Angered; annoyed. [Obs.] R. North.
Spleenful
Spleen"ful (?), a. Displaying, or affected with, spleen; angry;
fretful; melancholy.
Myself have calmed their spleenful mutiny. Shak.
Then rode Geraint, a little spleenful yet, Across the bridge that
spann'd the dry ravine. Tennyson.
Spleenish
Spleen"ish, a. Spleeny; affected with spleen; fretful. --
Spleen"ish*ly, adv. -- Spleen"ish*ness, n.
Spleenless
Spleen"less, a. Having no spleen; hence, kind; gentle; mild. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Spleenwort
Spleen"wort` (?), n. [Spleen + wort; cf. L. splenium, asplenium, Gr.
(Bot.) Any fern of the genus Asplenium, some species of which were
anciently used as remedies for disorders of the spleen.
Spleeny
Spleen"y (?), a.
1. Irritable; peevish; fretful.
Spleeny Lutheran, and not wholesome to Our cause. Shak.
2. Affected with nervous complaints; melancholy.
Spleget
Spleg"et (?), n. [Cf. Pledget.] (Med.) A cloth dipped in a liquid for
washing a sore. Crabb.
Splenalgia
Sple*nal"gi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Pain over the region of the
spleen.
Splenculus
Splen"cu*lus (?), n.; pl. Splenculi (#). [NL., dim. of L. splen.]
(Anat.) A lienculus.
Splendent
Splen"dent (?), a. [L. splendens, -entis, p. pr. of splendere to
shine.]
1. Shining; glossy; beaming with light; lustrous; as, splendent
planets; splendent metals. See the Note under 3d Luster, 4.
2. Very conspicuous; illustrious. "Great and splendent fortunes."<--
MW10 "brillian; splendent genius" --> Sir H. Wotton.
Splendid
Splen"did (?), a. [L. splendidus, fr. splendere shine; cf. Lith.
splend\'89ti: cf. F. splendide.]
1. Possessing or displaying splendor; shining; very bright; as, a
splendid sun.
2. Showy; magnificent; sumptuous; pompous; as, a splendid palace; a
splendid procession or pageant.
3. Illustrious; heroic; brilliant; celebrated; famous; as, a splendid
victory or reputation.
Splendidious
Splen*did"i*ous (?), a. Splendid. [Obs.]
Splendidly
Splen"did*ly (?), adv. In a splendid manner; magnificently.
Splendidness
Splen"did*ness, n. The quality of being splendid.
Splendidous
Splen"did*ous (?), a. Splendid. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Splendiferous
Splen*dif"er*ous (?), a. Splendor-bearing; splendid. Bale (1538). "A
splendiferous woman." Haliburton. [Now used humorously.]
Splendor
Splen"dor (?), n.[L. fr. splendere to shine: cf. F. splendeur.]
1. Great brightness; brilliant luster; brilliancy; as, the splendor ot
the sun. B. Jonson.
2. Magnifience; pomp; parade; as, the splendor of equipage,
ceremonies, processions, and the like. "Rejoice in splendor of mine
own." Shak.
3. Brilliancy; glory; as, the splendor of a victory. Syn. -- Luster;
brilliancy; magnifience; gorgeousness; display; showiness; pomp;
parade; grandeur.
Splendrous, Splendorous
Splen"drous (?), Splen"dor*ous (?), a. Splendid. Drayton.
Splenetic
Splen"e*tic (?), a. [L. spleneticus: cf. F. spl\'82n\'82tique. See
Spleen.] Affected with spleen; malicious; spiteful; peevish; fretful.
"Splenetic guffaw." G. Eliot.
You humor me when I am sick; Why not when I am splenetic? Pope.
Syn. -- Morese; gloomy; sullen; peevish; fretful.
Splenetic
Splen"e*tic, n. A person affected with spleen.
Splenetical
Sple*net"ic*al (?), a. Splenetic.
Splenetically
Sple*net"ic*al*ly, adv. In a splenetical manner.
Splenial
Sple"ni*al (?), a. [L. splenium a plaster, a patch, Gr. (Anat.) (a)
Designating the splenial bone. (b) Of or pertaining to the splenial
bone or splenius muscle. Splenial bone (Anat.), a thin splintlike bone
on the inner side of the proximal portion of the mandible of many
vertebrates.
Splenial
Sple"ni*al, n. (Anat.) The splenial bone.
Splenic
Splen"ic (?), a. [L. splenicus, Gr. spl\'82nique.] (Anat.) Of or
pertaining to the spleen; lienal; as, the splenic vein. Splenic
apoplexy OR fever. (Med.) See Anthrax, n., 3.
Splenical
Splen"ic*al (?), a. Splenic.
Splenish
Splen"ish, a. Spleenish. [Obs.] Drayton.
Splenitis
Sple*ni"tis (?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) Inflammation of the spleen.
Splenitive
Splen"i*tive (?), a. Splenetic. Shak.
Even and smooth as seemed the temperament of the nonchalant,
languid Virginian -- not splenitive or rash. T. N. Page.
Splenium
Sple"ni*um (?), n.[L., a plaster, a patch, from Gr. (Anat.) The
thickened posterior border of the corpus callosum; -- so called in
allusion to its shape.
Splenius
Sple"ni*us (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) A flat muscle of the back of the
neck.
Splenization
Splen`i*za"tion (?), n. (Med.) A morbid state of the lung produced by
inflammation, in which its tissue resembles that of the spleen.
Splenocele
Splen"o*cele (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Hernia formed by the spleen.
Splenography
Sple*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] A description of the spleen.
Splenoid
Sple"noid (?), a.[Gr. -oid.] (Anat.) Resembling the spleen;
spleenlike.
Splenology
Sple*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The branch of science which treats
of the spleen.
Splenotomy
Sple*not"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (a) (Anat.) Dissection or anatomy of the
spleen. (b) (Med.) An incision into the spleen; removal of the spleen
by incision.
Splent
Splent (?), n.
1. See Splent.
2. See Splent coal, below.
Splent coal, an inferior kind of cannel coal from Scotch collieries;
-- called also splent, splint, and splint coal.
Spleuchan
Spleu"chan (?), n. [Gael. spliuchan.] A pouch, as for tobacco. [Scot.]
Sir W. Scott.
Splice
Splice (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spliced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Splicing
(?).] [D. splitsen, splitten; akin to G. splissen, Sw. splissa, Dan.
splisse, and E. split; -- from the dividing or splitting the ends into
separate strands. See Split, v. t.]
1. To unite, as two ropes, or parts of a rope, by a particular manner
of interweaving the strands, -- the union being between two ends, or
between an end and the body of a rope.
2. To unite, as spars, timbers, rails, etc., by lapping the two ends
together, or by applying a piece which laps upon the two ends, and
then binding, or in any way making fast.
3. To unite in marrige. [Slang]
Splice grafting.ee under Grafting. -- To splice the main brace
(Naut.), to give out, or drink, an extra allowance of spirits on
occasion of special exposure to wet or cold, or to severe fatigue;
hence, to take a dram.
Splice
Splice, n. A junction or joining made by splicing.
Spline
Spline (?), n.
1. A rectangular piece fitting grooves like key seats in a hub and a
shaft, so that while the one may slide endwise on the other, both must
revolve together; a feather; also, sometimes, a groove to receive such
a rectangular piece.
2. A long, flexble piece of wood sometimes used as a ruler.
Splining
Splin"ing, a. Of or pertaining to a spline. Splining machine, a
machine tool for cutting grooves, key seats, or slots; a slotting
machine.
Splint
Splint (?), n. [Akin to D. splinter,G. splinter, splitter, Dan.
splint, Sw. splint a kind of spike, a forelock (in nautical use), Sw.
splintato splint, splinter, Dan. splinte, and E. split. See Split, v.
t., and cf. Splent.]
1. A piece split off; a splinter.
2. (Surg.) A thin piece of wood, or other substance, used to keep in
place, or protect, an injured part, especially a broken bone when set.
3. (Anat.) A splint bone.
4. (Far.) A disease affecting the splint bones, as a callosity or hard
excrescence.
5. (Anc. Armor.) One of the small plates of metal used in making
splint armor. See Splint armor, below.
The knees and feet were defended by splints, or thin plates of
steel. Sir. W. Scott.
6. Splint, or splent, coal. See Splent coal, under Splent.
Splint armor,a kind of ancient armor formed of thin plates of metal,
usually overlapping each other and allowing the limbs to move freely.
-- Splint bone (Anat.), one of the rudimentary, splintlike metacarpal
or metatarsal bones on either side of the cannon bone in the limbs of
the horse and allied animals. -- Splint coal. See Splent coal, under
Splent.
Splint
Splint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Splinted; p. pr. & vb. n. Splinting.] To
split into splints, or thin, slender pieces; to splinter; to shiver.
[Obs. or R.] Florio.
2. To fasten or confine with splints, as a broken limb. See Splint,
n., 2. [R.] Shak.
Splinter
Splin"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Splintered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Splintering.] [Cf. LG. splittern, splinteren. See Splint, n., Split.]
1. To split or rend into long, thin pieces; to shiver; as, the
lightning splinters a tree.
After splintering their lances, they wheeled about, and . . .
abandoned the field to the enemy. Prescott.
2. To fasten or confine with splinters, or splints, as a broken limb.
Bp. Wren.
Splinter
Splin"ter, v. i. To become split into long pieces.
Splinter
Splin"ter, n. [See Splinter, v., or Splint, n.] A thin piece split or
rent off lengthwise, as from wood, bone, or other solid substance; a
thin piece; a sliver; as, splinters of a ship's mast rent off by a
shot.
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Splinter bar. (a) A crossbar in a coach, which supports the springs.
(b) The bar to which the traces are attached; a roller bolt; a
whiffletree.
Splinterproof
Splin"ter*proof` (spl&icr;n"t&etil;r*pr&oomac;f`), a. (Mil.) Proof
against the splinters, or fragments, of bursting shells.
Splintery
Splin"ter*y (-&ycr;), a. Consisting of splinters; resembling
splinters; as, the splintery fracture of a mineral.
Split
Split (spl&icr;t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Split (Splitted, R.); p. pr. &
vb. n. Splitting.] [Probably of Scand. or Low german origin; cf. Dan.
splitte, LG. splitten, OD. splitten, spletten, D. splijten, G.
spleissen, MHG. spl\'c6zen. Cf. Splice, Splint, Splinter.]
1. To divide lengthwise; to separate from end to end, esp. by force;
to divide in the direction of the grain layers; to rive; to cleave;
as, to split a piece of timber or a board; to split a gem; to split a
sheepskin.
Cold winter split the rocks in twain. Dryden.
2. To burst; to rupture; to rend; to tear asunder.
A huge vessel of exceeding hard marble split asunder by congealed
water. Boyle.
3. To divide or break up into parts or divisions, as by discord; to
separate into parts or parties, as a political party; to disunite.
[Colloq.] South.
4. (Chem.) To divide or separate into components; -- often used with
up; as, to split up sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid.
To split hairs, to make distinctions of useless nicety.
Split
Split, v. i.
1. To part asunder; to be rent; to burst; as, vessels split by the
freezing of water in them.
2. To be broken; to be dashed to pieces.
The ship splits on the rock. Shak.
3. To separate into parties or factions. [Colloq.]
4. To burst with laughter. [Colloq.]
Each had a gravity would make you split. Pope.
5. To divulge a secret; to betray confidence; to peach. [Slang]
Thackeray.
To split on a rock, to err fatally; to have the hopes and designs
frustrated.
Spilt
Spilt, n. A crack, or longitudinl fissure.
2. A breach or separation, as in a political party; a division.
[Colloq.]
3. A piece that is split off, or made thin, by splitting; a splinter;
a fragment.
4. Specif (Leather Manuf.), one of the sections of a skin made by
dividing it into two or more thicknesses.
5. (Faro) A division of a stake happening when two cards of the kind
on which the stake is laid are dealt in the same turn.
Split
Split, a.
1. Divided; cleft.
2. (Bot.) Divided deeply; cleft.
Split pease, hulled pease split for making soup, etc. -- Split pin
(Mach.), a pin with one end split so that it may be spread open to
secure it in its place. -- Split pulley, a parting pulley. See under
Pulley. -- Split ring, a ring with overlapped or interlocked ends
which may be sprung apart so that objects, as keys, may be strung upon
the ring or removed from it. -- Split ticket, a ballot containing the
names of only a portion of the candidates regularly nominated by one
party, other names being substituted for those omitted. [U.S.]
Splitfeet
Split"feet` (?), n. pl. (Zo\'94l.) The Fissipedia.
Split-tail
Split"-tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A california market fish
(Pogonichthys macrolepidotus) belonging to the Carp family. (b) The
pintail duck.
Splitter
Split"ter (?), n. One who, or that which, splits.
Split-tongued
Split"-tongued` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a forked tongue, as that of
snakes and some lizards.
Splotch
Splotch (?), n. [Cf. Splash.] A spot; a stain; a daub. R. Browning.
Splotchy
Splotch"y (?), a. Covered or marked with splotches.
Splurge
Splurge (?), n. A blustering demonstration, or great effort; a great
display. [Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.
Splurge
Splurge, v. i. To make a great display in any way, especially in
oratory. [Slang, U.S.] <-- 2. To spend money freely or extravagantly,
in one episode; usu. with "on" -- as, to splurge on a new hi-fi
system. --> <-- v.t. to spend extravagantly. -->
Splutter
Splut"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Spluttered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Spluttering.] [Prov. E. splutter, eqivalent to sputter. Cf. Sputter.]
To speak hastily and confusedly; to sputter. [Colloq.] Carleton.
Splutter
Splut"ter, n. A confused noise, as of hasty speaking. [Colloq.]
Splutterer
Splut"ter*er (?), n. One who splutters.
Spodomancy
Spod"o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. spodo`s ashes + -mancy.] Divination by
means of ashes.
Spodomantic
Spod`o*man"tic (?), a. Relating to spodomancy, or divination by means
of ashes. C. Kingsley.
Spodumene
Spod"u*mene (?; 135), n. [Gr. spodo`s ashes; cf. F. spodum\'8ane.]
(Min.) A mineral of a white to yellowish, purplish, or emerald-green
color, occuring in prismatic crystals, often of great size. It is a
silicate of aluminia and lithia. See Hiddenite.
Spoffish
Spof"fish (?), a. [probably from Prov. E. spoffle to be spoffish.]
Earnest and active in matters of no moment; bustling. [Colloq. Eng.]
Dickens.
Spoil
Spoil (?) (, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spoiled (#) or Spoilt (#); p. pr. &
vb. n. Spoiling.] [F. spolier, OF. espoilelier, fr. L. spoliare, fr.
spolium spoil. Cf. Despoil, Spoliation.]
1. To plunder; to strip by violence; to pillage; to rob; -- with of
before the name of the thing taken; as, to spoil one of his goods or
possession. "Ye shall spoil the Egyptians." Ex. iii. 22.
My sons their old, unhappy sire despise, Spoiled of his kingdom,
and deprived of eues. Pope.
2. To seize by violence;; to take by force; to plunder.
No man can enter into a strong man's house, and spoil his goods,
except he will first bind the strong man. Mark iii. 27.
3. To cause to decay and perish; to corrput; to vitiate; to mar.
Spiritual pride spils many graces. Jer. Taylor.
4. To render useless by injury; to injure fatally; to ruin; to
destroy; as, to spoil paper; to have the crops spoiled by insects; to
spoil the eyes by reading.
Spoil
Spoil (?), v. i.
1. To practice plunder or robbery.
Outlaws, which, lurking in woods, used to break forth to rob and
spoil. Spenser.
2. To lose the valuable qualities; to be corrupted; to decay; as,
fruit will soon spoil in warm weather.
Spoil
Spoil, n. [Cf. OF. espoille, L. spolium.]
1. That which is taken from another by violence; especially, the
plunder taken from an enemy; pillage; booty.
Gentle gales, Fanning their odoriferous wings, dispense Native
perfumes, and whisper whence they stole Those balmy spoils. Milton.
2. Public offices and their emoluments regarded as the peculiar
property of a successful party or faction, to be bestowed for its own
advantage; -- commonly in the plural; as to the victor belong the
spoils.
From a principle of gratitude I adhered to the coalition; my vote
was counted in the day of battle, but I was overlooked in the
division of the spoil. Gibbon.
3. That which is gained by strength or effort.
each science and each art his spoil. Bentley.
4. The act or practice of plundering; robbery; aste.
The man that hath no music in himself, Nor is not moved with
concord of sweet sounds, Is fit for treason, stratagems, and spoil.
Shak.
5. Corruption; cause of corruption. [Archaic]
Villainous company hath been the spoil of me. Shak.
6. The slough, or cast skin, of a serpent or other animal. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Spoil bank, a bank formed by the earth taken from an excavation, as of
a canal. -- The spoils system, the theory or practice of regarding
public and their emoluments as so much plunder to be distributed among
their active partisans by those who are chosen to responsible offices
of administration.
Spoilable
Spoil"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being spoiled.
Spoiler
Spoil"er (?), n.
1. One who spoils; a plunderer; a pillager; a robber; a despoiler.
2. One who corrupts, mars, or renders useless.
Spoilfive
Spoil"five` (?), n. A certain game at cards in which, if no player
wins three of the five tricks possible on any deal, the game is said
to be spoiled.
Spoilful
Spoil"ful (?), a. Wasteful; rapacious. [Poetic]
Spoilsman
Spoils"man (?), n.; pl. Spoilsmen (. One who serves a cause or a party
for a share of the spoils; in United States politics, one who makes or
recognizes a demand for public office on the ground of partisan
service; also, one who sanctions such a policy in appointments to the
public service.
Spoilsmonger
Spoils"mon`ger (?), n. One who promises or distributes public offices
and their emoluments as the price of services to a party or its
leaders.
Spoke
Spoke (?), imp. of Speak.
Spoke
Spoke, n. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, sp\'beca; akin to D. speek, LG.
speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. &root;170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
1. The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are
inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or
felly.
2. (Naut.) A projecting handle of a steering wheel.
3. A rung, or round, of a ladder.
4. A contrivance for fastening the wheel of a vehicle, to prevent it
from turning in going down a hill.
To put a spoke in one's wheel, to thwart or obstruct one in the
execution of some design.
Spoke
Spoke, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spoked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spoking.] To
furnish with spokes, as a wheel.
Spoken
Spo"ken (?), a. [p.p. of Speak.]
1. Uttered in speech; delivered by word of mouth; oral; as, a spoken
narrative; the spoken word.
2. Characterized by a certain manner or style in speaking; -- often in
composition; as, a pleasant-spoken man.
Methinks you 're better spoken. Shak.
Spokeshave
Spoke"shave` (?), n. A kind of drawing knife or planing tool for
dressing the spokes of wheels, the shells of blocks, and other curved
work.
Spokesman
Spokes"man (?), n.; pl. Spokesmen (#). [Speak, spoke + man.] One who
speaks for another.
He shall be thy spokesman unto the people. Ex. iv. 16.
Spoliate
Spo"li*ate (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Spoliated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Spoliating (?).] [L. spoliatus, p.p. of spoliare spoil. See Spoil,
v. t.] To plunder; to pillage; to despoil; to rob.
Spoliation
Spo`li*a"tion (?), n. [L. spoliatio; cf. F. spoliation. See Spoil, v.
t.]
1. The act of plundering; robbery; deprivation; despoliation.
Legal spoliation, which will impoverish one part of the community
in order to corrupt the remainder. Sir G. C. Lewis.
2. Robbery or plunder in war; especially, the authorized act or
practice of plundering neutrals at sea.
3. (Eccl. Law) (a) The act of an incumbent in taking the fruits of his
benefice without right, but under a pretended title. Blackstone. (b) A
process for possession of a church in a spiritual court.
4. (Law) Injury done to a document.
Spoliative
Spo"li*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. spoliatif.] Serving to take away,
diminish, or rob; esp. (Med.), serving to diminish sensibily the
amount of blood in the body; as, spoliative bloodletting.
Spoliator
Spo"li*a`tor (?), n. One who spoliates; a spoiler.
Spoliatory
Spo"li*a*to*ry (?), a. Tending to spoil; destructive; spoliative.
Spondaic, Spondaical
Spon*da"ic (?), Spon*da"ic*al (?), a. [L. spondaicus, spondiacus, Gr.
sponda\'8bque.]
1. Or of pertaining to a spondee; consisting of spondees.
2. Containing spondees in excess; marked by spondees; as, a spondaic
hexameter, i. e., one which has a spondee instead of a dactyl in the
fifth foot.
Spondee
Spon"dee (?), n. [L. spondeus, Gr. spond\'82e. So called because at
libations slow, solemn melodies were used, chiefly in this meter.]
(pros.) A poetic foot of two long syllables, as in the Latin word
l\'c7g\'c7s.
Spondulics
Spon*du"lics (?), n. Money. [Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.
Spondyl, Spondyle
Spon"dyl, Spon"dyle (?), n. [L. spondylus, Gr. spondyle.] (Anat.) A
joint of the backbone; a vertebra.
Spong
Spong (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] An irregular, narrow, projecting
part of a field. [Prov. Eng.]
Sponge
Sponge (?), n. [OF. esponge, F. \'82ponge, L. spongia, Gr. Fungus,
Spunk.] [Formerly written also spunge.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Spongi\'91, or Porifera.
See Illust. and Note under Spongi\'91.
2. The elastic fibrous skeleton of many species of horny Spongi\'91
(keratosa), used for many purposes, especially the varieties of the
genus Spongia. The most valuable sponges are found in the
Mediterranean and the Red Sea, and on the coasts of Florida and the
West Indies.
3. Fig.: One who lives upon others; a pertinaceous and indolent
dependent; a parasite; a sponger.
4. Any spongelike substance. Specifically: (a) Dough before it is
kneaded and formed into loaves, and after it is converted into a
light, spongy mass by the agency of the yeast or leaven. (b) Iron from
the puddling furnace, in a pasty condition. (c) Iron ore, in masses,
reduced but not melted or worked.
5. (Gun.) A mop for cleaning the bore of a cannon after a discharge.
It consists of a cylinder of wood, covered with sheepskin with the
wool on, or cloth with a heavy looped nap, and having a handle, or
staff.
6. (Far.) The extremity, or point, of a horseshoe, answering to the
heel.
Bath sponge, any one of several varieties of coarse commercial
sponges, especially Spongia equina. -- Cup sponge, a toilet sponge
growing in a cup-shaped form. -- Glass sponge. See Glass-sponge, in
the Vocabulary. -- Glove sponge, a variety of commercial sponge
(Spongia officinalis, variety tubulufera), having very fine fibers,
native of Florida, and the West Indies. -- Grass sponge, any one of
several varieties of coarse commercial sponges having the surface
irregularly tufted, as Spongia graminea, and S. equina, variety
cerebriformis, of Florida and the West Indies. -- Horse sponge, a
coarse commercial sponge, especially Spongia equina. -- Platinum
sponge. (Chem.) See under Platinum. -- Pyrotechnical sponge, a
substance made of mushrooms or fungi, which are boiled in water,
dried, and beaten, then put in a strong lye prepared with saltpeter,
and again dried in an oven. This makes the black match, or tinder,
brought from Germany. -- Sheep's-wool sponge, a fine and durable
commercial sponge (Spongia equina, variety gossypina) found in Florida
and the West Indies. The surface is covered with larger and smaller
tufts, having the oscula between them. -- Sponge cake, a kind of sweet
cake which is light and spongy. -- Sponge lead, OR Spongy lead
(Chem.), metallic lead brought to a spongy form by reduction of lead
salts, or by compressing finely divided lead; -- used in secondary
batteries and otherwise. -- Sponge tree (Bot.), a tropical leguminous
tree (Acacia Farnesiana), with deliciously fragrant flowers, which are
used in perfumery. -- Toilet sponge, a very fine and superior variety
of Mediterranean sponge (Spongia officinalis, variety Mediterranea);
-- called also turkish sponge. -- To set a sponge (Cookery), to leaven
a small mass of flour, to be used in leavening a larger quantity. --
To throw up the sponge, to give up a contest; to acknowledge defeat;
-- from a custom of the prize ring, the person employed to sponge a
pugilist between rounds throwing his sponge in the air in token of
defeat. [Cant or Slang] "He was too brave a man to throw up the sponge
to fate." Lowell.<-- now, through in the towel is more common, and has
the same origin and meaning. --> -- Vegetable sponge. (Bot.) See Loof.
-- Velvet sponge, a fine, soft commercial sponge (Spongia equina,
variety meandriniformis) found in Florida and the West Indies. --
Vitreous sponge. See Glass-sponge. -- Yellow sponge, a common and
valuable commercial sponge (Spongia agaricina, variety corlosia) found
in Florida and the West Indies.
Sponge
Sponge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sponged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sponging
(?).]
1. To cleanse or wipe with a sponge; as, to sponge a slate or a
cannon; to wet with a sponge; as, to sponge cloth.
2. To wipe out with a sponge, as letters or writing; to efface; to
destroy all trace of. Hooker.
3. Fig.: To deprive of something by imposition. "How came such
multitudes of our nation . . . to be sponged of their plate and their
money?" South.
4. Fig.: To get by imposition or mean arts without cost; as, to sponge
a breakfast. Swift.
Sponge
Sponge, v. i.
1. To suck in, or imbile, as a sponge.
2. Fig.: To gain by mean arts, by intrusion, or hanging on; as, an
idler sponges on his neighbor. E. Eggleston.
The fly is an intruder, and a common smell-feast, that sponges upon
other people's trenchers. L'Estrange.
3. To be converted, as dough, into a light, spongy mass by the agency
of yeast, or leaven.
Spongelet
Sponge"let (?), n. See Spongiole.
Spongeous
Spon"geous (?), a. [See Spongious.] Resembling sponge; having the
nature or qualities of sponge.
Sponger
Spon"ger (?), n.
1. One who sponges, or uses a sponge.
2. One employed in gathering sponges.
3. Fig.: A parasitical dependent; a hanger-on.
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Spongi\'91
Spon"gi*\'91 (?), n. pl. [See Sponge.] (Zo\'94l.) The grand division
of the animal kingdom which includes the sponges; -- called also
Spongida, Spongiaria, Spongiozoa, and Porifera.
NOTE: &hand; In th e Sp ongi\'91, th e soft sarcode of the body is
usually supported by a skeleton consisting of horny fibers, or of
silleceous or calcareous spicules. The common sponges contain
larger and smaller cavities and canals, and numerous small
ampull\'91 which which are lined with ciliated cells capable of
taking in solid food. The outer surface usually has minute pores
through which water enters, and large openings for its exit.
Sponges produce eggs and spermatozoa, and the egg when fertilized
undergoes segmentation to form a ciliated embryo.
Spongida
Spon"gi*da (?), n. pl. [NL.] Spongi\'91.
Spongiform
Spon"gi*form (?), a. Resembling a sponge; soft and porous; porous.
Spongilla
Spon*gil"la (?), n. [NL., dim. of spongia a sponge.] (Zo\'94l.) A
genus of siliceous spongea found in fresh water.
Spongin
Spon"gin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) The chemical basis of sponge tissue,
a nitrogenous, hornlike substance which on decomposition with
sulphuric acid yields leucin and glycocoll.
Sponginess
Spon"gi*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being spongy. Dr. H.
More.
Sponging
Spon"ging (?), a. & n. from Sponge, v. Sponging house (Eng. Law), a
bailiff's or other house in which debtors are put before being taken
to jail, or until they compromise with their creditors. At these
houses extortionate charges are commonly made for food, lodging, etc.
Spongiole
Spon"gi*ole (?; 277), n. [L. spongiola a rose gall, small roots, dim.
of spongia: cf. F. spongiole.] (Bot.) A supposed spongelike expansion
of the tip of a rootlet for absorbing water; -- called also spongelet.
Spongiolite
Spon"gi*o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Paleon.) One of the microsporic
siliceous spicules which occur abundantly in the texture of sponges,
and are sometimes found fossil, as in flints.
Spongiopilin
Spon`gi*o*pi"lin (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A kind of cloth interwoven with
small pieces of sponge and rendered waterproof on one side by a
covering of rubber. When moistend with hot water it is used as a
poultice.
Spongiose, Spongious
Spon"gi*ose` (?), Spon"gi*ous (?), a. [L. spongious, spongeosus: cf.
F. spongieux. See Sponge.] Somewhat spongy; spongelike; full of small
cavities like sponge; as, spongious bones.
Spongiozoa
Spon`gi*o*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., Gr. (Zo\'94l.) See Spongl\'91.
Spongoblast
Spon"go*blast (?), n. [Gr. -blast.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the cells which,
in sponges, secrete the spongin, or the material of the horny fibers.
Spongoid
Spon"goid (?; 277), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resembling sponge; like sponge.
Spongy
Spon"gy (?), a.
1. Soft, and full of cavities; of an open, loose, pliable texture; as,
a spongy excrescence; spongy earth; spongy cake; spongy bones.
2. Wet; drenched; soaked and soft, like sponge; rainy. "Spongy April."
Shak.
3. Having the quality of imbibing fluids, like a sponge.
Spongy lead (Chem.), sponge lead. See under Sponge. -- Spongy
platinum. See under Platinum.
Sponk
Sponk (?), n. See Spunk.
Sponsal
Spon"sal (?), a. [L. sponsalis, fr. sponsus a betrothal, fr. spondere,
sponsum, to betroth. See Spouse, and cf. Esousal, Spousal.] Relating
to marriage, or to a spouse; spousal.
Sponsible
Spon"si*ble (?), a. [Abbrev. from responsible.] responsible; worthy of
credit. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Sponsion
Spon"sion (?), n. [L. sonsio, fr. spondere, sponsum, to promise
solemnly.]
1. The act of becoming surety for another.
2. (Internat. Law) An act or engagement on behalf of a state, by an
agent not specially authorized for the purpose, or by one who exceeds
the limits of authority.
Sponsional
Spon"sion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a pledge or agreement;
responsible. [R.]
He is righteous even in that representative and sponsional person
he put on. Abp. Leighton.
Sponson
Spon"son (?), n. (Shipbuilding) (a) One of the triangular platforms in
front of, and abaft, the paddle boxes of a steamboat. (b) One of the
slanting supports under the guards of a steamboat. (c) One of the
armored projections fitted with gun ports, used on modern war vessels.
Sponsor
Spon"sor (?), n. [L., from spondere, sponsum, to engage one's self.
See Spose.]
1. One who binds himself to answer for another, and is responsible for
his default; a surety.
2. One who at the baptism of an infant professore the christian faith
in its name, and guarantees its religious education; a godfather or
godmother.
Spnsorial
Spn*so"ri*al (?), a. Pertaining to a sponsor.
Sponsorship
Spon"sor*ship (?), n. State of being a sponsor.
Spontaneity
Spon`ta*ne"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Spontaneities (#). [Cf. F.
spontan\'82it\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being spontaneous, or acting from native
feeling, proneness, or temperament, without constraint or external
force.
Romney Leigh, who lives by diagrams, And crosses not the
spontaneities Of all his individual, personal life With formal
universals. Mrs. Browning.
2. (Biol.) (a) The tendency to undergo change, characteristic of both
animal and vegetable organisms, and not restrained or cheked by the
environment. (b) The tendency to activity of muscular tissue,
including the voluntary muscles, when in a state of healthful vigor
and refreshment.
Spontaneous
Spon*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [L. spontaneus, fr. sponte of free will,
voluntarily.]
1. Proceding from natural feeling, temperament, or disposition, or
from a native internal proneness, readiness, or tendency, without
constraint; as, a spontaneous gift or proportion.
2. Proceeding from, or acting by, internal impulse, energy, or natural
law, without external force; as, spontaneous motion; spontaneous
growth.
3. Produced without being planted, or without human labor; as, a
spontaneous growth of wood.
Spontaneous combustion, combustion produced in a substance by the
evolution of heat through the chemical action of its own elements; as,
the spontaneous combustion of waste matter saturated with oil. --
Spontaneous generation. (Biol.) See under Generation. Syn. --
Voluntary; uncompelled; willing. -- Spontaneous, Voluntary. What is
voluntary is the result of a volition, or act of choice; it therefore
implies some degree of consideration, and may be the result of mere
reason without excited feeling. What is spontaneous springs wholly
from feeling, or a sudden impulse which admits of no reflection; as, a
spontaneous burst of applause. Hence, the term is also applied to
things inanimate when they are produced without the determinate
purpose or care of man. "Abstinence which is but voluntary fasting,
and . . . exercise which is but voluntary labor." J. Seed.
Spontaneous joys, where nature has its play, The soul adopts, and
owns their firstborn away. Goldsmith.
-- Spon*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv. -- Spon*ta"ne*ous*ness, n.
Spontoon
Spon*toon" (?), n. [F. sponton, esponton, it. spontone, spuntone.]
(Mil.) A kind of half-pike, or halberd, formerly borne by inferior
officers of the British infantry, and used in giving signals to the
soldiers.
Spook
Spook (?), n. [D. spook; akin to G. spuk, Sw. sp\'94ke, Dan.
sp\'94gelse a specter, sp\'94ge to play, sport, joke, sp\'94g a play,
joke.]
1. A spirit; a ghost; an apparition; a hobgoblin. [Written also
spuke.] Ld. Lytton.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The chim\'91ra.
Spool
Spool (?), n. [OE. spole, OD. spoele, D. spoel; akin to G. spule, OHG.
spuola, Dan. & Sw. spole.] A piece of cane or red with a knot at each
end, or a hollow cylinder of wood with a ridge at each end, used to
wind thread or yarn upon. Spool stand, an article holding spools of
thread, turning on pins, -- used by women at their work.
Spool
Spool, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spooled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spooling.] To
wind on a spool or spools.
Spooler
Spool"er (?), n. One who, or that which, spools.
Spoom
Spoom (?), v. i. [Probably fr. spum foam. See Spume.] (Naut.) To be
driven steadily and swiftly, as before a strong wind; to be driven
before the wind without any sail, or with only a part of the sails
spread; to scud under bare poles. [Written also spoon.]
When virtue spooms before a prosperous gale, My heaving wishes help
to fill the sail. Dryden.
Spoon
Spoon (?), v. i. (Naut.) See Spoom. [Obs.]
We might have spooned before the wind as well as they. Pepys.
Spoon
Spoon, n. [OE. spon, AS. sp, a chip; akin to D. spaan, G. span, Dan.
spaan, Sw. sp\'86n, Icel. sp\'a0nn, sp\'a2nn, a chip, a spoon.
&root;170. Cf. Span-new.]
1. An implement consisting of a small bowl (usually a shallow oval)
with a handle, used especially in preparing or eating food.
"Therefore behoveth him a full long spoon That shall eat with a
fiend," thus heard I say. Chaucer.
He must have a long spoon that must eat with the devil. Shak.
2. Anything which resembles a spoon in shape; esp. (Fishing), a spoon
bait.
3. Fig.: A simpleton; a spooney. [Slang] Hood.
Spoon bait (Fishing), a lure used in trolling, consisting of a
glistening metallic plate shaped like the bowl of a spoon with a
fishhook attached. -- Spoon bit, a bit for boring, hollowed or
furrowed along one side. -- Spoon net, a net for landing fish. --
Spoon oar. see under Oar.
Spoon
Spoon, v. t. To take up in, a spoon.
Spoon
Spoon, v. i. To act with demonstrative or foolish fondness, as one in
love. [Colloq.]
Spoonbill
Spoon"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of
wading birds of the genera Ajaja and Platalea, and allied genera, in
which the long bill is broadly expanded and flattened at the tip.
NOTE: &hand; Th e ro seate sp oonbill of America (Ajaja ajaja), and
the European spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) are the best known.
The royal spoonbill (P. regia) of Australia is white, with the skin
in front of the eyes naked and black. The male in the breeding
season has a fine crest.
(b) The shoveler. See Shoveler, 2. (c) The ruddy duck. See under
Ruddy. (d) The paddlefish.
Spoon-billed
Spoon"-billed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the bill expanded and
spatulate at the end.
Spoondrift
Spoon"drift (?), n. [Spoom + drift.] Spray blown from the tops waves
during a gale at sea; also, snow driven in the wind at sea; -- written
also spindrift.
Spooney
Spoon"ey (?), a. Weak-minded; demonstratively fond; as, spooney
lovers. [Spelt also spoony.] [Colloq.]
Spooney
Spoon"ey, n.; pl. Spooneye (. A weak-minded or silly person; one who
is foolishly fond. [Colloq.]
There is no doubt, whatever, that I was a lackadaisical young
spooney. Dickens.
Spoonful
Spoon"ful (?), n.; pl. Spoonfuls (.
1. The quantity which a spoon contains, or is able to contain; as, a
teaspoonful; a tablespoonful.
2. Hence, a small quantity. Arbuthnot.
Spoonily
Spoon"i*ly (?), adv. In a spoony manner.
Spoon-meat
Spoon"-meat` (?), n. Food that is, or must be, taken with a spoon;
liquid food. "Diet most upon spoon-meats." Harvey.
Spoonwood
Spoon"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia).
Spoonworm
Spoon"worm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A gephyrean worm of the genus
Thalassema, having a spoonlike probiscis.
Spoonwort
Spoon"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Scurvy grass.
Spoony
Spoon"y (?), a. & n. Same as Spooney.
Spoor
Spoor (?), n. [D. spoor; akin to AS. spor, G. spur, and from the root
of E. spur. &root;171. See Spur.] The track or trail of any wild
animal; as, the spoor of an elephant; -- used originally by travelers
in South Africa.
Spoor
Spoor, v. i. To follow a spoor or trail. [R.]
Sporades
Spor"a*des (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. spora`des. Cf. Sporadic.]
(Astron.) Stars not included in any constellation; -- called also
informed, or unformed, stars.
Sporadial
Spo*ra"di*al (?), a. Sporadic. [R.]
Sporadic
Spo*rad"ic (?), a. [Gr. sporadique. See Spore.] Occuring singly, or
apart from other things of the same kind, or in scattered instances;
separate; single; as, a sporadic fireball; a sporadic case of disease;
a sporadic example of a flower. Sporadic disease (Med.), a disease
which occurs in single and scattered cases. See the Note under
Endemic, a.
Sporadical
Spo*rad"ic*al (?), a. Sporadic.
Sporadically
Spo*rad"ic*al*ly, adv. In a sporadic manner.
Sporangiophore
Spo*ran"gi*o*phore (?), n. [Sporangium + Gr. (Bot.) The axis or
receptacle in certain ferns (as Trichomanes), which bears the
sporangia.
Sporangium
Spo*ran"gi*um (?), n.; pl. Sporangia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A spore
case in the cryptogamous plants, as in ferns, etc.
Spore
Spore (?), n. [Gr. Sperm.]
1. (Bot.) (a) One of the minute grains in flowerless plants, which are
analogous to seeds, as serving to reproduce the species.
NOTE: &hand; Sp ores ar e pr oduced di fferently in th e different
classes of cryptogamous plants, and as regards their nature are
often so unlike that they have only their minuteness in common. The
peculiar spores of diatoms (called auxospores) increase in size,
and at length acquire a siliceous coating, thus becoming new
diatoms of full size. Compare Macrospore, Microspore, O\'94spore,
Restingspore, Sph\'91rospore, Swarmspore, Tetraspore, Zo\'94spore,
and Zygospore.
(b) An embryo sac or embryonal vesicle in the ovules of flowering
plants.
2. (Biol.) (a) A minute grain or germ; a small, round or ovoid body,
formed in certain organisms, and by germination giving rise to a new
organism; as, the reproductive spores of bacteria, etc. (b) One of the
parts formed by fission in certain Protozoa. See Spore formation,
belw.
Spore formation. (a) (Biol) A mode of reproduction resembling
multitude fission, common among Protozoa, in which the organism breaks
up into a number of pieces, or spores, each of which eventually
develops into an organism like the parent form. Balfour. (b) The
formation of reproductive cells or spores, as in the growth of
bacilli.
Sporid
Spo"rid (?), n. (Bot.) A sporidium. Lindley.
Sporidiferous
Spo`ri*dif"er*ous (?), a. [Sporidium + -ferous.] (Bot.) Bearing
sporidia.
Sporidium
Spo*rid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Sporidia (#). [NL. See Spore.] (Bot.) (a) A
secondary spore, or a filament produced from a spore, in certain kinds
of minute fungi. (b) A spore.
Sporiferous
Spo*rif"er*ous (?), a. [Spore + -ferous.] (Biol.) Bearing or producing
spores.
Sporification
Spo`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Spore + L. -ficare (in comp.) to make. See
-fy.] (Biol.) Spore formation. See Spore formation (b), under Spore.
Sporocarp
Spo"ro*carp (?), n. [Spore + Gr. (Bot.) (a) A closed body or
conceptacle containing one or more masses of spores or sporangia. (b)
A sporangium.
Sporocyst
Spo"ro*cyst (?), n. [Gr.
1. (Zo\'94l.) An asexual zooid, usually forming one of a series of
larval forms in the agamic reproduction of various trematodes and
other parasitic worms. The sporocyst generally develops from an egg,
but in its turn produces other larv\'91 by internal budding, or by the
subdivision of a part or all of its contents into a number of minute
germs. See Redia.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any protozoan when it becomes encysted produces germs by
sporulation.
Sporogenesis
Spo`ro*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Spore + genesis.] (Biol.) reproduction by
spores.
Sporogony
Spo*rog"o*ny (?), n. [Spore + root of Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The growth or
development of an animal or a zooid from a nonsexual germ.
Sporophore
Spo"ro*phore (?), n. [Spore + Gr. (Bot.) (a) A placenta. (b) That
alternately produced form of certain cryptogamous plants, as ferns,
mosses, and the like, which is nonsexual, but produces spores in
countless numbers. In ferns it is the leafy plant, in mosses the
capsule. Cf. O\'94phore.
Sporophoric
Spo`ro*phor"ic (?), a. (Bot.) Having the nature of a sporophore.
_________________________________________________________________
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Sporosac
Spo"ro*sac (?), n. [Spore + sac.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A hydrozoan
reproductive zooid or gonophore which does not become medusoid in form
or structure. See Illust. under Athecata. (b) An early or simple
larval stage of trematode worms and some other invertebrates, which is
capable or reproducing other germs by asexual generation; a nurse; a
redia.
Sporozoa
Spo`ro*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. a spore + (Zo\'94l.) An
extensive division of parasitic Protozoa, which increase by
sporulation. It includes the Gregarinida.
Sporozoid
Spo`ro*zo"id (?), n. [Spore + Gr. .] (Bot.) Same as Zo\'94spore.
Sporran
Spor"ran (?), n. [Gael. sporan.] A large purse or pouch made of skin
with the hair or fur on, worn in front of the kilt by Highlanders when
in full dress.
Sport
Sport (?), n. [Abbreviated frm disport.]
1. That which diverts, and makes mirth; pastime; amusement.
It is as sport a fool do mischief. prov. x. 23.
Her sports were such as carried riches of knowledge upon the stream
of delight. Sir P. Sidney.
Think it but a minute spent in sport. Shak.
2. Mock; mockery; contemptuous mirth; derision.
Then make sport at me; then let me be your jest.Shak.
3. That with which one plays, or which is driven about in play; a
toy; a plaything; an object of mockery.
Flitting leaves, the sport of every wind. Dryden.
Never does man appear to greater disadvantage than when he is the
sport of his own ungoverned pasions. John Clarke.
4. Play; idle jingle.
An author who should introduce such a sport of words upon our stage
would meet with small applause. Broome.
5. Diversion of the field, as fowling, hunting, fishing, racing,
games, and the like, esp. when money is staked.
6. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) A plant or an animal, or part of a plant or
animal, which has some peculiarity not usually seen in the species;
an abnormal variety or growth. See Sporting plant, under Sporting.
7. A sportsman; a gambler. [Slang]
In sport, in jest; for play or diversion. "So is the man that
deceiveth his neighbor, and saith, Am not I in sport?" Prov. xxvi. 19.
Syn. -- Play; game; diversion; frolic; mirth; mock; mockery; jeer.
Sport
Sport, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sported; p. pr. & vb. n. Sporting.]
1. To play; to frolic; to wanton.
[Fish], sporting with quick glance, Show to the sun their waved
coats dropt with gold. Milton.
2. To practice the diversions of the field or the turf; to be given to
betting, as upon races.
3. To trifle. "He sports with his own life." Tillotson.
4. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) To assume suddenly a new and different character
from the rest of the plant or from the type of the species; -- said of
a bud, shoot, plant, or animal. See Sport, n., 6. Darwin. Syn. -- To
play; frolic; game; wanton.
Sport
Sport, v. t.
1. To divert; to amuse; to make merry; -- used with the reciprocal
pronoun.
Against whom do ye sport yourselves? Isa. lvii. 4.
2. To represent by any knd of play.
Now sporting on thy lyre the loves of youth. Dryden.
3. To exhibit, or bring out, in public; to use or wear; as, to sport a
new equipage. [Colloq.] Grose.
4. To give utterance to in a sportive manner; to throw out in an easy
and copious manner; -- with off; as, to sport off epigrams. Addison.
To sport one's oak. See under Oak, n.
Sportability
Sport`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. Sportiveness. [Obs.]
Sportal
Sport"al (?), a. Of or pertaining to sports; used in sports. [R.]
"Sportal arms." Dryden.
Sporter
Sport"er (?), n. One who sports; a sportsman.
As this gentleman and I have been old fellow sporters, I have a
frienship for him. Goldsmith.
Sportful
Sport"ful (?), a.
1. Full of sport; merry; frolicsome; full of jesting; indulging in
mirth or play; playful; wanton; as, a sportful companion.
Down he alights among the sportful herd. Milton.
2. Done in jest, or for mere play; sportive.
They are no sportful productions of the soil. Bentley.
-- Sport"ful*ly, adv. -- Sport"ful*ness, n.
Sporting
Sport"ing, a. Of pertaining to, or engaging in, sport or sporrts;
exhibiting the character or conduct of one who, or that which, sports.
Sporting book, a book containing a record of bets, gambling
operations, and the like. C. Kingsley. -- Sporting house, a house
frequented by sportsmen, gamblers, and the like. -- Sporting man, one
who practices field sports; also, a horse racer, a pugilist, a
gambler, or the like. -- Sporting plant (Bot.), a plant in which a
single bud or offset suddenly assumes a new, and sometimes very
different, character from that of the rest of the plant. Darwin.
Sportingly
Sport"ing*ly, adv. In sport; sportively.
The question you there put, you do it, I suppose, but sportingly.
Hammond.
Sportive
Sport"ive (?), a. Tending to, engaged in, or provocate of, sport; gay;
froliscome; playful; merry.
Is it I That drive thee from the sportive court? Shak.
-- Sport"ive*ly, adv. -- Sport"ive*ness, n.
Sportless
Sport"less, a. Without sport or mirth; joyless.
Sportling
Sport"ling (?), n. A little person or creature engaged in sports or in
play.
When again the lambkins play -- Pretty sportlings, full of May.
Philips.
Sportsman
Sports"man (?), n.;pl. Sportsmen (. One who pursues the sports of the
field; one who hunts, fishes, etc.
Sportsmanship
Sports"man*ship, n. The practice of sportsmen; skill in field sports.
<-- conduct becoming to one participating in sport or competition, as
fair play, or graciousness in winning or losing. -->
Sportula
Spor"tu*la (?), n.; pl. Sportul\'91 (. [L.] A gift; a present; a
prize; hence, an alms; a largess.
To feed luxuriously, to frequent sports and theaters, to run for
the sportula. South.
Sportulary
Spor"tu*la*ry (?), a. Subsisting on alms or charitable contributions.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Sportule
Spor"tule (?), n. [L. sportula a little basket, a gift, dim. of sporta
a basket: cf. F. sortule.] A charitable gift or contribution; a gift;
an alms; a dole; a largess; a sportula. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
Sporulation
Spor`u*la"tion (?), n. (Biol.) The act or process of forming spores;
spore formation. See Illust. of Bacillus, b.
Sporule
Spor"ule (?), n. [Dim. of spore.] (Biol.) A small spore; a spore.
Sporuliferous
Spor`u*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Sporule + -ferous.] (Biol.) Producing
sporules.
Spot
Spot (?), n. [Cf. Scot. & D. spat, Dan. spette, Sw. spott spittle,
slaver; from the root of E. spit. See Spit to eject from the mouth,
and cf. Spatter.]
1. A mark on a substance or body made by foreign matter; a blot; a
place discolored.
Out, damned spot! Out, I say! Shak.
2. A stain on character or reputation; something that soils purity;
disgrace; reproach; fault; blemish.
Yet Chloe, sure, was formed without a spot. Pope.
3. A small part of a different color from the main part, or from the
ground upon which it is; as, the spots of a leopard; the spots on a
playing card.
4. A small extent of space; a place; any particular place. "Fixed to
one spot." Otway.
That spot to which I point is Paradise. Milton.
"A jolly place," said he, "in times of old! But something ails it
now: the spot is cursed." Wordsworth.
5. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of the common domestic pigeon, so called from
a spot on its head just above its beak.
6. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sci\'91noid food fish (Liostomus xanthurus) of the
Atlantic coast of the United States. It has a black spot behind the
shoulders and fifteen oblique dark bars on the sides. Called also
goody, Lafayette, masooka, and old wife. (b) The southern redfish, or
red horse, which has a spot on each side at the base of the tail. See
Redfish.
7. pl. Commodities, as merchandise and cotton, sold for immediate
delivery. [Broker's Cant]
Crescent spot (Zo\'94l.), any butterfly of the family Melit\'91id\'91
having crescent-shaped white spots along the margins of the red or
brown wings. -- Spot lens (Microscopy), a condensing lens in which the
light is confined to an annular pencil by means of a small, round
diaphragm (the spot), and used in dark-field ilumination; -- called
also spotted lens. -- Spot rump (Zo\'94l.), the Hudsonian godwit
(Limosa h\'91mastica). -- Spots on the sun. (Astron.) See Sun spot,
ander Sun. -- On, OR Upon, the spot, immediately; before moving;
without changing place.
It was determined upon the spot. Swift.
Syn. -- Stain; flaw; speck; blot; disgrace; reproach; fault; blemish;
place; site; locality.
Spot
Spot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Spotting.]
1. To make visible marks upon with some foreign matter; to discolor in
or with spots; to stain; to cover with spots or figures; as, to spot a
garnment; to spot paper.
2. To mark or note so as to insure recognition; to recognize; to
detect; as, to spot a criminal. [Cant]
3. To stain; to blemish; to taint; to disgrace; to tarnish, as
reputation; to asperse.
My virgin life no spotted thoughts shall stain. Sir P. Sidney.
If ever I shall close these eyes but once, May I live spotted for
my perjury. Beau. & Fl.
To spot timber, to cut or chip it, in preparation for hewing.
Spot
Spot, v. i. To become stained with spots.
Spotless
Spot"less, a. Without a spot; especially, free from reproach or
impurity; pure; untained; innocent; as, a spotless mind; spotless
behavior.
A spotless virgin, and a faultless wife. Waller.
Syn. -- Blameless; unspotted; unblemished; pure; immaculate;
irreproachable. See Blameless. -- Spot"less*ly, adv. --
Spot"less*ness, n.
Spotted
Spot"ted, a. Marked with spots; as, a spotted garment or character.
"The spotted panther." Spenser. Spotted fever (Med.), a name applied
to various eruptive fevers, esp. to typhus fever and cerebro-spinal
meningitis. -- Spotted tree (Bot.), an Australian tree (Flindersia
maculosa); -- so called because its bark falls off in spots.
Spottedness
Spot"ted*ness, n. State or quality of being spotted.
Spotter
Spot"ter (?), n. One who spots.
Spottiness
Spot"ti*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being spotty.
Spotty
Spot"ty (?), a. Full of spots; marked with spots.
Spousage
Spous"age (?; 48), n. [OF. espousaige, from espouser. See Spouse, v.
t.] Espousal. [Obs.] Bale.
Spousal
Spous"al (?), a. [See Espousal, Sponsal, and Spouse.] Of or pertaining
to a spouse or marriage; nuptial; matrimonial; conjugal; bridal; as,
spousal rites; spousal ornaments. Wordsworth.
Spousal
Spous"al, n. [See Espousal, Spouse.] Marriage; nuptials; espousal; --
generally used in the plural; as, the spousals of Hippolita. Dryden.
Boweth your head under that blissful yoke . . . Which that men
clepeth spousal or wedlock. Chaucer.
the spousals of the newborn year. Emerson.
Spouse
Spouse (?), n. [OF. espous, espos, fem. espouse, F. \'82poux,
\'82pouse, fr. L. sponsus, sponsa, prop. p.p. of spondere, sponsum, to
promise solemnly, to engage one's self. Cf. Despond, Espouse, respond,
Sponsor.]
1. A man or woman engaged or joined in wedlock; a married person,
husband or wife.
At last such grace I found, and means I wrought, That that lady to
my spouse had won. Spenser.
2. A married man, in distinct from a spousess or married woman; a
bridegroom or husband. [Obs.]
At which marriage was [were] no person present but the spouse, the
spousess, the Duchess of Bedford her mother, the priest, two
gentlewomen, and a young man. Fabyan.
Spouse
Spouse (?), v. t. [See Espouse, and Spouse, n.] To wed; to espouse.
[Obs.]
This markis hath her spoused with a ring. Chaucer.
Though spoused, yet wanting wedlock's solemnize. Spenser.
She was found again, and spoused to Marinell. Spenser.
Spouse-breach
Spouse"-breach` (?), n. Adultery. [Obs.]
Spouseless
Spouse"less, a. Destitute of a spouse; unmarried.
Spousess
Spous"ess, n. A wife or bride. [Obs.] Fabyan.
Spout
Spout (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Spouting.]
[Cf. Sw. sputa, spruta, to spout, D. spuit a spout, spuiten to spout,
and E. spurt, sprit, v., sprout, sputter; or perhaps akin to E. spit
to eject from the mouth.]
1. To throw out forcibly and abudantly, as liquids through an office
or a pipe; to eject in a jet; as, an elephant spouts water from his
trunk.
Who kept Jonas in the fish's maw Till he was spouted up at Ninivee?
Chaucer.
Next on his belly floats the mighty whale . . . He spouts the tide.
Creech.
2. To utter magniloquently; to recite in an oratorical or pompous
manner.
Pray, spout some French, son. Beau. & Fl.
3. To pawn; to pledge; as, spout a watch. [Cant]
Spout
Spout, v. i.
1. To issue with with violence, or in a jet, as a liquid through a
narrow orifice, or from a spout; as, water spouts from a hole; blood
spouts from an artery.
All the glittering hill Is bright with spouting rills. Thomson.
2. To eject water or liquid in a jet.
3. To utter a speech, especially in a pompous manner.
Spout
Spout, n. [Cf. Sw. spruta a squirt, a syringe. See Spout, v. t.]
1. That through which anything spouts; a discharging lip, pipe, or
orifice; a tube, pipe, or conductor of any kind through which a liquid
is poured, or by which it is conveyed in a stream from one place to
another; as, the spout of a teapot; a spout for conducting water from
the roof of a building. Addison. "A conduit with three issuing
spouts." Shak.
In whales . . . an ejection thereof [water] is contrived by a
fistula, or spout, at the head. Sir T. Browne.
From silver spouts the grateful liquors glide. Pope.
2. A trough for conducting grain, flour, etc., into a receptacle.
3. A discharge or jet of water or other liquid, esp. when rising in a
column; also, a waterspout.
To put, shove, OR pop, up the spout, to pawn or pledge at a
pawnbroker's; -- in allusion to the spout up which the pawnbroker sent
the ticketed articles. [Cant]
Spouter
Spout"er (?), n. One who, or that which, spouts.
Spoutfish
Spout"fish (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A marine animal that spouts water; --
applied especially to certain bivalve mollusks, like the long clams
(Mya), which spout, or squirt out, water when retiring into their
holes.
Spoutless
Spout"less, a. Having no spout. Cowper.
Spoutshell
Spout"shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine gastropod shell of the
genus Apporhais having an elongated siphon. See Illust. under
Rostrifera.
Sprack
Sprack (?), a. [Cf. Icel. sp\'91kr sprightly, dial. Sw. spr\'84k,
spr\'84g, spirited, mettlesome; or Gael. spraic vigor.] Quick; lively'
alert. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Sprad
Sprad (?), obs. p. p. of Spread. Chaucer.
Spradde
Sprad"de (?), obs. imp. of Spread. Chaucer.
Sprag
Sprag (?), n. [Cf. Icel. spraka a small flounder.] (Zo\'94l.) A young
salmon. [Prov. Eng.]
Sprag
Sprag, n. [See Spray a branch.] A billet of wood; a piece of timber
used as a prop.
Sprag
Sprag, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spragged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spragging
(?).]
1. To check the motion of, as a carriage on a steep grade, by putting
a sprag between the spokes of the wheel. R. S. Poole.
2. To prop or sustain with a sprag.
Sprag
Sprag, a. See Sprack, a. Shak.
Sprain
Sprain (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sprained (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Spraining.] [OF. espreindreto press, to force out, F. \'82preindre,
fr. L. exprimere. See Express, v. t., and cf. Spraints.] To weaken, as
a joint, ligament, or muscle, by sudden and excessive exertion, as by
wrenching; to overstrain, or stretch injuriously, but without
luxation; as, to sprain one's ankle.
Sprain
Sprain, n. The act or result of spraining; lameness caused by
spraining; as, a bad sprain of the wrist. Sprain fracture (Med.), the
separation of a tendon from its point of insertion, with the
detachment of a shell of bone to which the tendon is attached.
Spraints
Spraints (?), n. pl. [OF. espraintes, espreintes, F. \'82preintes from
espreinte a desire to go to stool, from espreindre. See Sprain, v. t.]
The dung of an otter.
Sprang
Sprang (?), imp. of Spring.
Sprat
Sprat (?), n. [OE. sprot, sprotte, D. sprot; akin to G. sprotte.]
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A small European herring (Clupea sprattus) closely
allied to the common herring and the pilchard; -- called also garvie.
The name is also applied to small herring of different kinds. (b) A
California surf-fish (Rhacochilus toxotes); -- called also alfione,
and perch. Sprat borer (Zo\'94l.), the red-throated diver; -- so
called from its fondness for sprats. See Diver. -- Sprat loon.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The young of the great northern diver. [Prov. Eng.] (b)
The red-throated diver. See Diver. -- Sprat mew (Zo\'94l.), the
kittiwake gull.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1393
Sprawl
Sprawl (spr&add;l), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sprawled (spr&add;ld); p. pr.
& vb. n. Sprawling.] [OE. spraulen; cf. Sw. sprattla to sprawl, dial.
Sw. spralla, Dan. sp\'91lle, spr\'91lde, D. spartelen, spertelen, to
flounder, to struggle.]
1. To spread and stretch the body or limbs carelessly in a horizontal
position; to lie with the limbs stretched out ungracefully. <-- also
sprawl out, as to sprawl out all over the couch. -->
2. To spread irregularly, as vines, plants, or tress; to spread
ungracefully, as chirography.
3. To move, when lying down, with awkward extension and motions of the
limbs; to scramble in creeping.
The birds were not fledged; but upon sprawling and struggling to
get clear of the flame, down they tumbled. L'Estrange.
Srawls
Srawls (?), n. pl. Small branches of a tree; twigs; sprays. [Prov.
Eng.] Halliwell.
Spray
Spray (?), n. [Cf. Dan. sprag. See Sprig.]
1. A small shoot or branch; a twig. Chaucer.
The painted birds, companions of the spring, Hopping from spray,
were heard to sing. Dryden.
2. A collective body of small branches; as, the tree has a beautiful
spray.
And from the trees did lop the needless spray. Spenser.
3. (Founding) (a) A side channel or branch of the runner of a flask,
made to distribute the metal in all parts of the mold. (b) A group of
castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed in the
runner and its branches. Knight.
Spray drain (Agric.), a drain made by laying under earth the sprays or
small branches of trees, which keep passages open.
Spray
Spray, n. [probably from a Dutch or Low German form akin to E. spread.
See Spread, v. t.]
1. Water flying in small drops or particles, as by the force of wind,
or the dashing of waves, or from a waterfall, and the like.
2. (Med.) (a) A jet of fine medicated vapor, used either as an
application to a diseased part or to charge the air of a room with a
disinfectant or a deodorizer. (b) An instrument for applying such a
spray; an atomizer.
Spray condenser (Steam Engine) an injection condenser in which the
steam is condensed by a spray of water which mingles with it.
Spray
Spray, v. t.
1. To let fall in the form of spray. [Poetic] M. Arnold.
2. To throw spray upon; to treat with a liquid in the form of spray;
as, to spray a wound, or a surgical instrument, with carbolic acid.
Sprayboard
Spray`board (?), n. (Naut.) See Dashboard, n., 2 (b).
Spread
Spread (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spread; p. pr. & vb. n. Spreading.]
[OE. spreden, AS. spr\'91dan; akin to D. spreiden, spreijen, LG.
spreden, spreen, spreien, G. spreiten, Dan. sprede, Sw. sprida. Cf.
Spray water flying in drops.]
1. To extend in length and breadth, or in breadth only; to stretch or
expand to a broad or broader surface or extent; to open; to unfurl;
as, to spread a carpet; to spread a tent or a sail.
He bought a parcel of a field where he had spread his tent. Gen.
xxxiii. 19.
Here the Rhone Hath spread himself a couch. Byron.
2. To extend so as to cover something; to extend to a great or grater
extent in every direction; to cause to fill or cover a wide or wider
space.
Rose, as in a dance, the stately trees, and spread Their branches
hung with copious fruit. Milton.
3. To divulge; to publish, as news or fame; to cause to be more
extensively known; to disseminate; to make known fully; as, to spread
a report; -- often acompanied by abroad.
They, when they were departed, spread abroad his fame in all that
country. Matt. ix. 31.
4. To propagate; to cause to affect great numbers; as, to spread a
disease.
5. To diffuse, as emanations or effluvia; to emit; as, odoriferous
plants spread their fragrance.
6. To strew; to scatter over a surface; as, to spread manure; to
spread lime on the ground.
7. To prepare; to set and furnish with provisions; as, to spread a
table.
Boiled the flesh, and spread the board. Tennyson.
To sprad cloth, to unfurl sail. [Obs.] Evelyn. Syn. -- To diffuse;
propogate; disperse; publish; distribute; scatter; circulate;
disseminate; dispense.
Spread
Spread, v. i.
1. To extend in length and breadth in all directions, or in breadth
only; to be extended or stretched; to expand.
Plants, if they spread much, are seldom tall. Bacon.
Govrnor Winthrop, and his associates at Charlestown, had for a
church a large, spreading tree. B. Trumbull.
2. To be extended by drawing or beating; as, some metals spread with
difficulty.
3. To be made known more extensively, as news.
4. To be propagated from one to another; as, the disease spread into
all parts of the city. Shak.
Spread
Spread, n.
1. Extent; compass.
I have got a fine spread of improvable land. Addison.
2. Expansion of parts.
No flower hath spread like that of the woodbine. Bacon.
3. A cloth used as a cover for a table or a bed. <-- bedspread -->
4. A table, as spread or furnished with a meal; hence, an
entertainment of food; a feast. [Colloq.]
5. A privilege which one person buys of another, of demanding certain
shares of stock at a certain price, or of delivering the same shares
of stock at another price, within a time agreed upon. [Broker's Cant]
6. (Geom.) An unlimited expanse of discontinuous points.
Spread
Spread, imp. & p. p. of Spread, v. Spread eagle. (a) An eagle with
outspread wings, the national emblem of the United States. (b) The
figure of an eagle, with its wings elevated and its legs extended;
often met as a device upon military ornaments, and the like. (c)
(Her.) An eagle displayed; an eagle with the wings and legs extended
on each side of the body, as in the double-headed eagle of Austria and
Russia. See Displayed, 2.
Spread-eagle
Spread"-ea`gle (?), a. Characterized by a pretentious, boastful,
exaggerated style; defiantly or extravagantly bombastic; as, a
spread-eagle orator; a spread-eagle speech. [Colloq.& Humorous] <--
[MW10] "esp. of the greatnes of the U.S." --> <--
Spread-eagle
Spread"-ea`gle v. i. To assume a spread-eagled position; -- it may be
done reclining, for relaxation, or momentarily, as an exhibitionary
maneuver in a sport.
Spread-eagled
Spread"-ea`gled 2. being in a position with the arms and legs extended
fully. -->
Spreader
Spread"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, spreads, expands, or propogates.
2. A machine for combining and drawing fibers of flax to form a sliver
preparatory to spinning.
Spreadingly
Spread"ing*ly, adv. Increasingly.
The best times were spreadingly infected. Milton.
Sprechery
Sprech"er*y (?), n. [Cf. Gael. spreidh catle.] Movables of an inferior
description; especially, such as have been collected by depredation.
[Scot]
Spree
Spree (?), n. [Cf. Ir. spre a spark, animation, spirit, Gael. spraic.
Cf. Sprack.] A merry frolic; especially, a drinking frolic; a
carousal. [Colloq.]
Sprenge
Sprenge (?), v. t. [OE. sprengen, p.p. sprent, spreint, from AS.
sprengen to sprinkle. See Sprinkle.] To sprinkle; to scatter. [Obs.]
Wyclif (1 Pet. i. 2).
Sprengel pump
Spreng"el pump` (?). (Physics) A form of air pump in which exhaustion
is produced by a stream of mercury running down a narrow tube, in the
manner of an aspirator; -- named from the inventor.
Sprent
Sprent (?), obs. p. p. of Sprenge. Sprinkled.
All the ground with purple blood was sprent. Spenser.
Sprew
Sprew (?), n. [Cf. D. sprouw, spruw.] (Med.) Thrush. [Local, U.S.]
Spreynd
Spreynd (?), obs. p. p. of Sprenge. Sprinkled.
When spreynd was holy water. Chaucer.
Sprig
Sprig (?), n. [AS. sprec; akin to Icel. sprek a stick. Cf. Spray a
branch.]
1. A small shoot or twig of a tree or other plant; a spray; as, a
sprig of laurel or of parsley.
2. A youth; a lad; -- used humorously or in slight disparagement.
A sprig whom I remember, with a whey-face and a satchel, not so
many years ago. Sir W. Scott.
3. A brad, or nail without a head.
4. (Naut.) A small eyebolt ragged or barbed at the point.
Sprig
Sprig, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sprigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sprigging
(?).] To mark or adorn with the representation of small branches; to
work with sprigs; as, to sprig muslin.
Sprigged
Sprigged (?), a. Having sprigs.
Spriggy
Sprig"gy (?), a. Full of sprigs or small branches.
Spright
Spright (?), n. [See Sprite.]
1. Spirit; mind; soul; state of mind; mood. [Obs.] "The high heroic
spright." <-- similar to sprite, now most often used. Any difference?
--> Spenser.
Wondrous great grief groweth in my spright. Spenser.
2. A supernatural being; a spirit; a shade; an apparition; a ghost.
Forth he called, out of deep darkness dread, Legions of sprights.
Spenser.
To thee, O Father, Son, and Sacred Spright. Fairfax.
3. A kind of short arrow. [Obs.] Bacon.
Spright
Spright, v. t. To haunt, as a spright. [Obs.] Shak.
Sprightful
Spright"ful (?), a. [Spright sprite + full.] Full of spirit or of
life; earnest; vivacious; lively; brisk; nimble; gay. [Obs.] --
Spright"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] <-- = spirited, now most common. This word
sounds too much like "frightful" --> Shak. -- Spright"ful*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Spoke like a sprightful gentlemen. Shak.
Steeds sprightful as the light. Cowley.
Sprightless
Spright"less, a. Destitute of life; dull; sluggish.
Sprightliness
Spright"li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sprightly;
liveliness; life; briskness; vigor; activity; gayety; vivacity.
In dreams, observe with what a sprightliness and alacrity does she
[the soul] exert herself! Addison.
Sprightly
Spright"ly (?), a. [Compar. Sprightlier (?); superl. Sprightliest.]
[See Sprite.] Sprightlike, or spiritlike; lively; brisk; animated;
vigorous; airy; gay; as, a sprightly youth; a sprightly air; a
sprightly dance. "Sprightly wit and love inspires." Dryden.
The sprightly Sylvia trips along the green. Pope.
Sprigtail
Sprig"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pintail duck; -- called also
sprig, and spreet-tail. [Local, U.S.] (b) The sharp-tailed grouse.
[Local, U.S.]
Spring
Spring (?), v. i. [imp. Sprang (?) or Sprung (; p. p. Sprung; p. pr. &
vb. n. Springing.] [AS. springan; akin to D. & G. springen, OS. & OHG.
springan, Icel. & Sw. springa, Dan. springe; cf. Gr. Springe,
Sprinkle.]
1. To leap; to bound; to jump.
The mountain stag that springs From height to height, and bounds
along the plains. Philips.
2. To issue with speed and violence; to move with activity; to dart;
to shoot.
And sudden light Sprung through the vaulted roof. Dryden.
3. To start or rise suddenly, as from a covert.
Watchful as fowlers when their game will spring. Otway.
4. To fly back; as, a bow, when bent, springs back by its elastic
power.
5. To bend from a straight direction or plane surface; to become
warped; as, a piece of timber, or a plank, sometimes springs in
seasoning.
6. To shoot up, out, or forth; to come to the light; to begin to
appear; to emerge; as a plant from its seed, as streams from their
source, and the like; -often followed by up, forth, or out.
Till well nigh the day began to spring. Chaucer.
To satisfy the desolate and waste ground, and to cause the bud of
the tender herb to spring forth. Job xxxviii. 27.
Do not blast my springing hopes. Rowe.
O, spring to light; auspicious Babe, be born. Pope.
7. To issue or proceed, as from a parent or ancestor; to result, as
from a cause, motive, reason, or principle.
[They found] new hope to spring Out of despair, joy, but with fear
yet linked. Milton.
8. To grow; to prosper.
What makes all this, but Jupiter the king, At whose command we
perish, and we spring? Dryden.
To spring at, to leap toward; to attempt to reach by a leap. -- To
spring forth, to leap out; to rush out. -- To spring in, to rush in;
to enter with a leap or in haste. -- To spring on OR upon, to leap on;
to rush on with haste or violence; to assault.
Spring
Spring (?), v. t.
1. To cause to spring up; to start or rouse, as game; to cause to rise
from the earth, or from a covert; as, to spring a pheasant.
2. To produce or disclose suddenly or unexpectedly. <-- to spring a
surprise on s.o. -->
She starts, and leaves her bed, amd springs a light. Dryden.
The friends to the cause sprang a new project. Swift.
3. To cause to explode; as, to spring a mine.
4. To crack or split; to bend or strain so as to weaken; as, to spring
a mast or a yard.
5. To cause to close suddenly, as the parts of a trap operated by a
spring; as, to spring a trap.
6. To bend by force, as something stiff or strong; to force or put by
bending, as a beam into its sockets, and allowing it to straighten
when in place; -- often with in, out, etc.; as, to spring in a slat or
a bar.
7. To pass over by leaping; as, to spring a fence.
To spring a butt (Naut.), to loosen the end of a plank in a ship's
bottom. -- To spring a leak (Naut.), to begin to leak. -- To spring an
arch (Arch.), to build an arch; -- a common term among masons; as, to
spring an arcg over a lintel. -- To spring a rattle, to cause a rattle
to sound. See Watchman's rattle, under Watchman. -- To spring the luff
(Naut.), to ease the helm, and sail nearer to the wind than before; --
said of a vessel. Mar. Dict. -- To spring a mast OR spar (Naut.), to
strain it so that it is unserviceable.
Spring
Spring, n. [AS. spring a fountain, a leap. See Spring, v. i.]
1. A leap; a bound; a jump.
The prisoner, with a spring, from prison broke. Dryden.
2. A flying back; the resilience of a body recovering its former state
by elasticity; as, the spring of a bow.
3. Elastic power or force.
Heavens! what a spring was in his arm! Dryden.
4. An elastic body of any kind, as steel, India rubber, tough wood, or
compressed air, used for various mechanical purposes, as receiving and
imparting power, diminishing concussion, regulating motion, measuring
weight or other force.
NOTE: &hand; Th e principal varieties of springs used in mechanisms
are the spiral spring (Fig. a), the coil spring (Fig. b), the
elliptic spring (Fig. c), the half-elliptic spring (Fig. d), the
volute spring, the India-rubber spring, the atmospheric spring,
etc.
5. Any source of supply; especially, the source from which a stream
proceeds; as issue of water from the earth; a natural fountain. "All
my springs are in thee." Ps. lxxxvii. 7. "A secret spring of spiritual
joy." Bentley. "The sacred spring whence and honor streams." Sir J.
Davies.
6. Any active power; that by which action, or motion, is produced or
propagated; cause; origin; motive.
Our author shuns by vulgar springs to move The hero's glory, or the
virgin's love. Pope.
7. That which springs, or is originated, from a source; as: (a) A
race; lineage. [Obs.] Chapman. (b) A youth; a springal. [Obs.]
Spenser. (c) A shoot; a plant; a young tree; also, a grove of trees;
woodland. [Obs.] Spenser. Milton.
8. That which causes one to spring; specifically, a lively tune.
[Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
9. The season of the year when plants begin to vegetate and grow; the
vernal season, usually comprehending the months of March, April, and
May, in the middle latitudes north of the equator. "The green lap of
the new-come spring." Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Spring of the astronomical year begins with the vernal
equinox, about March 21st, and ends with the summer solstice, about
June 21st.
10. The time of growth and progress; early portion; first stage. "The
spring of the day." 1 Sam. ix. 26.
O how this spring of love resembleth The uncertain glory of an
April day. Shak.
11. (Naut.) (a) A crack or fissure in a mast or yard, running
obliquely or transversely. (b) A line led from a vessel's quarter to
her cable so that by tightening or slacking it she can be made to lie
in any desired position; a line led diagonally from the bow or stern
of a vessel to some point upon the wharf to which she is moored.
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1394
--
Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a spring. -- Spring mattress, a
spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.) See Springing line of an
arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the lower part of a fore
quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has the leg and foot
without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.
Sir, pray hand the spring of pork to me. Gayton.
-- Spring pin (Locomotive Engines), an iron rod fitted between the
springs and the axle boxes, to sustain and regulate the pressure on
the axles. -- Spring rye, a kind of rye sown in the spring; -- in
distinction from winter rye, sown in autumn. -- Spring stay (Naut.), a
preventer stay, to assist the regular one. R. H. Dana, Jr. -- Spring
tide, the tide which happens at, or soon after, the new and the full
moon, and which rises higher than common tides. See Tide. -- Spring
wagon, a wagon in which springs are interposed between the body and
the axles to form elastic supports. -- Spring wheat, any kind of wheat
sown in the spring; -- in distinction from winter wheat, which is sown
in autumn.
Springal, Springald, Springall
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"al (?),
Spring"ald (?), Spring"all (?), a. [Scot. springald, springel, fr.
Scot. & E. spring.] An active, springly young man. [Obs.] "There came
two springals of full tender years." Spenser.
Joseph, when he was sold to Potiphar, that great man, was a fair
young springall. Latimer.
Springal
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"al, n.
[OF. espringale; of Teutonic origin, akin to E. spring.] An ancient
military engine for casting stones and arrows by means of a spring.
Springboard
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"board`
(?), n. An elastic board, secured at the ends, or at one end, often by
elastic supports, used in performing feats of agility or in
exercising.
Springbok, Springbuck
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"bok` (?),
Spring"buck` (?), n. [D. springbok; springen to spring, leap + bok a
he-goat, buck.] (Zo\'94l.) A South African gazelle (Gazella euchore)
noted for its graceful form and swiftness, and for its peculiar habit
of springing lighty and suddenly into the air. It has a white dorsal
stripe, expanding into a broad patch of white on the rump and tail.
Called also springer. [Written also springboc, and springbock.]
Springe
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Springe (?), n.
[From Spring, v. i.: cf. G. sprenkel, Prov. E. springle.] A noose
fastened to an elastic body, and drawn close with a sudden spring,
whereby it catches a bird or other animal; a gin; a snare.
As a woodcock to mine own springe. Shak.
Springe
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Springe, v. t.
To catch in a springe; to insnare. [R.]
Springe
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"e (? OR
?), v. t. [OE. sprengen. See Sprinkle.] To sprinkle; to scatter.
[Obs.]
He would sowen some difficulty, Or springen cockle in our cleane
corn. Chaucer.
Springer
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"er (?),
n.
1. One who, or that which, springs; specifically, one who rouses game.
2. A young plant. [Obs.] Evelyn.
3. (Arch.) (a) The impost, or point at which an arch rests upon its
support, and from which it seems to spring. Hence: (b) The bottom
stone of an arch, which lies on the impost. The skew back is one form
of springer. (c) The rib of a groined vault, as being the solid
abutment for each section of vaulting.
4. (Zo\'94l.) The grampus.
5. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of the field spaniel. See Spaniel.
6. (Zo\'94l.) A species of antelope; the sprinkbok.
Springhalt
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"halt`
(?), n. (Far.) A kind of lameness in horse. See Stringhalt. Shak.
Springhead
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"head`
(?), n. A fountain or source.
Springiness
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"i*ness
(?), n. The state or quality of being springly. Boyle.
Springing
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"ing, n.
1. The act or process of one who, or that which, springs.
2. Growth; increase; also, that which springs up; a shoot; a plant.
Thou blessest the springing thereof. Ps. lxv. 10.
Springing line of an arch (Arch.), the horizontal line drawn through
the junction of the vertical face of the impost with the curve of the
intrados; -- called also spring of an arch.
Springle
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprin"gle (?),
n. A springe. [Prov. Eng.]
Springlet
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"let (?),
n. A little spring.
But yet from out the little hill Oozes the slender springlet still.
Sir W. Scott.
Springtail
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"tail`
(?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small apterous
insects belonging to the order Thysanura. They have two elastic caudal
stylets which can be bent under the abdomen and then suddenly extended
like a spring, thus enabling them to leap to a considerable distance.
See Collembola, and Podura.
Springtide
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"tide (?),
n. The time of spring; springtime. Thomson.
Springtime
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"time`
(?), n. The season of spring; springtide.
Springy
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spring"y (?), a.
[Compar. Springier (?); superl. Springiest.] [From Spring.]
1. Resembling, having the qualities of, or pertaining to, a spring;
elastic; as, springy steel; a springy step.
Though her little frame was slight, it was firm and springy. Sir W.
Scott.
2. Abounding with springs or fountains; wet; spongy; as, springy land.
Sprinkle
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprin"kle (?),
v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sprinkled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sprinkling (?).]
[OE. sprenkelen, freq. of sprengen to sprinkle, to scatter, AS.
sprengan, properly, to make to spring, causative of springan to
spring; akin to D. sprenkelen to sprinkle, G. sprengen. See Spring, v.
i., and cf. Sprent.]
1. To scatter in small drops or particles, as water, seed, etc.
2. To scatter on; to disperse something over in small drops or
particles; to besprinkle; as, to sprinkle the earth with water; to
sprinkle a floor with sand.
3. To baptize by the application of a few drops, or a small quantity,
of water; hence, to cleanse; to purify.
Having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience. Heb. x. 22.
Sprinkle
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprin"kle, v. i.
1. To scatter a liquid, or any fine substance, so that it may fall in
particles.
And the priest shall . . . sprinkle of the oil with his finger
seven times before the Lord. Lev. xiv. 16.
2. To rain moderately, or with scattered drops falling now and then;
as, it sprinkles.
3. To fly or be scattered in small drops or particles.
Sprinkle
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprin"kle, n.
1. A small quantity scattered, or sparsely distributed; a sprinkling.
2. A utensil for sprinkling; a sprinkler. [Obs.]
Sprinkler
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprin"kler (?),
n.
1. One who sprinkles.
2. An instrument or vessel used in sprinkling; specifically, a
watering pot.
Sprinkling
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprin"kling (?),
n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, sprinkles.
Baptism may well enough be performed by sprinkling or effusion of
water. Ayliffe.
2. A small quantity falling in distinct drops or particles; as, a
sprinkling of rain or snow.
3. Hence, a moderate number or quantity distributed like drops. Craik.
Sprint
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprint (?), v.
i. [imp. & p. p. Sprinted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sprinting.] [Cf. Sprunt.]
To run very rapidly; to run at full speed.
A runner [in a quarter-mile race] should be able to sprint the
whole way. Encyc. Brit.
Sprint
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprint, n. The
act of sprinting; a run of a short distance at full speed. Sprint
race, a foot race at the highest running speed; -- usually limited to
distance under a quarter of a mile.
Sprinter
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprint"er (?),
n. One who sprints; one who runs in sprint races; as, a champion
sprinter.
Sprit
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprit (?), v. t.
[Akin to G. spritzen, spr\'81tzen. See Sprit, v. i.] To throw out with
force from a narrow orifice; to eject; to spurt out. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
Sprit
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprit, v. i.
[AS. spryttan to sprout, but. See Sprout, v. i., and cf. Spurt, v. t.,
Sprit a spar.] To sprout; to bud; to germinate, as barley steeped for
malt.
Sprit
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprit, n. A
shoot; a sprout. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Sprit
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprit, n. [OE.
spret, AS. spre\'a2t a sprit; spear; akin to D. spriet, and E. sprout,
sprit, v.t. & i. See Sprout, v. i.] (Naut.) A small boom, pole, or
spar, which crosses the sail of a boat diagonally from the mast to the
upper aftmost corner, which it is used to extend and elevate.
Sprite
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprite (?), n.
[OE. sprit, F. esprit, fr. L. spiritus. See Spirit, and cf.
Sprightly.]
1. A spirit; a soul; a shade; also, an apparition. See Spright.
Gaping graves received the wandering, guilty sprite. Dryden.
2. An elf; a fairy; a goblin.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The green woodpecker, or yaffle.
Spriteful, a. Spritefully, adv., Spriteliness
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprite"ful (?),
a. Sprite"ful*ly, adv., Sprite"li*ness (, n., Sprite"ly, a., etc. See
Sprightful, Sprightfully, Sprightliness, Sprightly, etc.
Spritsail
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprit"sail (? OR
?), n. (Naut.) (a) A sail extended by a sprit. (b) A sail formerly
hung under the bowsprit, from the spritsail yard.
Sprocket wheel
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprock"et wheel`
(?). [Etymology of sprocket is uncertain.] (Mach.) Same as Chain
wheel.
Sprod
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprod (?), n.
[Cf. Gael. & Ir. bradan a salmon.] (Zo\'94l.) A salmon in its second
year. [Prov. Eng.]
Sprong
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprong (?), obs.
imp. of Spring. Sprung.
Sprout
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprout (?), v.
i. [imp. & p. p. Sprouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sprouting.] [OE. sprouten,
spruten; akin to OFries. spr, AS. spre\'a2tan, D. spruiten, G.
spriessen, Sw. spruta to squirt, to spout. Cf. Sprit, v. t. & i.,
Sprit a spar, Spout, v. t., Spurt.]
1. To shoot, as the seed of a plant; to germinate; to push out new
shoots; hence, to grow like shoots of plants.
2. To shoot into ramifications. [Obs.] Bacon.
Sprout
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprout, v. t.
1. To cause to sprout; as, the rain will sprout the seed.
2. To deprive of sprouts; as, to sprout potatoes.
Sprout
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprout, n. [Cf.
AS. sprote a sprout, sprig; akin to Icel. sproti, G. sprosse. See
Sprout, v. i.]
1. The shoot of a plant; a shoot from the seed, from the stump, or
from the root or tuber, of a plant or tree; more rarely, a shoot from
the stem of a plant, or the end of a branch.
2. pl. Young coleworts; Brussels sprouts. Johnson.
Brussels sprouts (Bot.) See under Brussels.
Spruce
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spruce (?), n.
[OE. Spruce or Pruse, Prussia, Prussian. So named because it was first
known as a native of Prussia, or because its sprouts were used for
making, spruce beer. Cf. Spruce beer, below, Spruce, a.]
1. (Bot.) Any coniferous tree of the genus Picea, as the Norway spruce
(P. excelsa), and the white and black spruces of America (P. alba and
P. nigra), besides several others in the far Northwest. See Picea.
2. The wood or timber of the spruce tree.
3. Prussia leather; pruce. [Obs.]
Spruce, a sort of leather corruptly so called for Prussia leather.
E. Phillips.
Douglas spruce (Bot.), a valuable timber tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii)
of Northwestern America. -- Essence of spruce, a thick, dark-colored,
bitterish, and acidulous liquid made by evaporating a decoction of the
young branches of spruce. -- Hemlock spruce (Bot.), a graceful
coniferous tree (Tsuga Canadensis) of North America. Its timber is
valuable, and the bark is largely used in tanning leather. -- Spruce
beer. [G. sprossenbier; sprosse sprout, shoot (akin to E. sprout, n.)
+ bier beer. The word was changed into spruce because the beer came
from Prussia (OE. Spruce), or because it was made from the sprouts of
the spruce. See Sprout, n., Beer, and cf. Spruce, n.] A kind of beer
which is tinctured or flavored with spruce, either by means of the
extract or by decoction. -- Spruce grouse. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Spruce
partridge, below. -- Spruce leather. See Spruce, n., 3. -- Spruce
partridge (Zo\'94l.), a handsome American grouse (Dendragapus
Canadensis) found in Canada and the Northern United States; -- called
also Canada grouse.
Spruce
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spruce (?), a.
[Compar. Sprucer (?); superl. Sprucest] [Perhaps fr. spruce a sort of
leather from Prussia, which was an article of finery. See Spruce, n.]
1. Neat, without elegance or dignity; -- formerly applied to things
with a serious meaning; now chiefly applied to persons. "Neat and
spruce array." Remedy of Love.
2. Sprightly; dashing. [Obs.] "Now, my spruce companions." Shak.
He is so spruce that he can never be genteel. Tatler.
Syn. -- Finical; neat; trim. See Finical. -- Sruce"ly, adv. --
Spruce"ness, n.
Spruce
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spruce, v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Spruced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sprucing (?).] To dress
with affected neatness; to trim; to make spruce.
Spruce
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spruce, v. i. To
dress one's self with affected neatness; as, to spruce up.
Sprue
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprue (?), n.
[Etymol. uncertain.]
1. (Founding) (a) Strictly, the hole through which melted metal is
poured into the gate, and thence into the mold. (b) The waste piece of
metal cast in this hole; hence, dross.
2. (Med.) Same as Sprew.
Sprug
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprug (?), v. t.
[Cf. Prov. E. sprug up to dress neatly, sprag to prop, a., lively.] To
make smart. [Obs.]
Sprung
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprung (?), imp.
& p. p. of Spring.
Sprung
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprung, a.
(Naut.) Said of a spar that has been cracked or strained.
Sprunt
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprunt (?), v.
i. [Cf. Sprout, v. i.] To spring up; to germinate; to spring forward
or outward. [Obs.] To sprunt up, to draw one's self up suddenly, as in
anger or defiance; to bristle up. [Local, U.S.]
Sprunt
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprunt, n.
1. Anything short and stiff. [Obs.]
2. A leap; a spring. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
3. A steep ascent in a road. [Prov. Eng.]
Sprunt
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprunt, a.
Active; lively; vigorous. [Obs.] Kersey.
Spruntly
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Sprunt"ly, adv.
In a sprunt manner; smartly; vigorously; youthfully. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Spry
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spry (?), a.
[Compar. Sprier or Spryer (; superl. Spriest or Spryest.] [Cf. dial.
Sw. sprygg lively, skittish, and E. sprag.] Having great power of
leaping or running; nimble; active. [U.S. & Local Eng.]
She is as spry as a cricket. S. Judd (Margaret).
If I'm not so large as you, You are not so small as I, And not half
so spry. Emerson.
Spud
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spud (?), n.
[Cf. Dan. spyd a spear.]
1. A sharp, narrow spade, usually with a long handle, used by farmers
for digging up large-rooted weeds; a similarly shaped implement used
for various purposes.
My spud these nettles from the stone can part. Swyft.
2. A dagger. [Obs.] olland.
3. Anything short and thick; specifically, a piece of dough boiled in
fat. [Local, U.S.]
Spue
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spue (?), v. t.
& i. See Spew.
Spuilzie
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spuil"zie (?),
n. See Spulzie.
Spuke
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spuke (?), n.
See Spook.
Spuller
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spul"ler (, n.
[For spooler.] [See Spool.] One employed to inspect yarn, to see that
it is well spun, and fit for the loom. [Prov. Eng.]
Spulzie
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spul"zie (?), n.
[Cf. Spoil.] Plunder, or booty. [Written also spuilzie, and spulye.]
Sir W. Scott.
Spume
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spume (?), n.
[L. spuma. Cf. Pumice, Spoom.] Frothy matter raised on liquids by
boiling, effervescence, or agitation; froth; foam; scum.
Materials dark and crude, Of spiritous and fiery spume. Milton.
Spume
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spume, v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Spumed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spuming.] [L. spumare.] To
froth; to foam.
Spumeous
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spume"ous (?),
a. Spumous. [Obs.] r. H. More.
Spumescence
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spu*mes"cence
(?), n. [See Spumescent.] The state of being foamy; frothiness.
Spumescent
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spu*mes"cent
(?), a. [L. spumescens, p.pr. of spumescere to grow foamy, from spuma
foam.] Resembling froth or foam; foaming.
Spumid
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spum"id (?), a.
[L. spumidis.] Spumous; frothy. [Obs.]
Spumiferous
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spu*mif"er*ous
(?), a. [L. spumifier; spuma foam + ferra bear.] Producing foam.
Spuminess
Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See under Air, Boiling, etc. --
Spring back (Bookbinding), a back with a curved piece of thin sheet
iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of
which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other
account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. -- Spring balance, a
contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a
spiral spring of steel. -- Spring beam, a beam that supports the side
of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, n. -- Spring beauty.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Claytonia, delicate herbs with
somewhat fleshy leaves and pretty blossoms, appearing in springtime.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) A small, elegant American butterfly (Erora l\'91ta)
which appears in spring. The hind wings of the male are brown,
bordered with deep blue; those of the female are mostly blue. --
Spring bed, a mattress, under bed, or bed bottom, in which springs, as
of metal, are employed to give the required elasticity. -- Spring
beetle (Zo\'94l.), a snapping beetle; an elater. -- Spring box, the
box or barrel in a watch, or other piece of mechanism, in which the
spring is contained. -- Spring fly (Zo\'94l.), a caddice fly; -- so
called because it appears in the spring. -- Spring grass (Bot.), a
vernal grass. See under Vernal. -- Spring gun, a firearm disharged by
a spring, when this is trodden upon or is otherwise moved. -- Spring
hook (Locomotive Engines), one of the hooks which fix the
driving-wheel spring to the frame. -- Spring latch, a latch that
fastens with a spring. 1394 -- Spring lock, a lock that fastens with a
spring. -- Spring mattress, a spring bed. -- Spring of an arch (Arch.)
See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. -- Spring of pork, the
lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has
the leg and foot without the shoulder. [Obs.] Nares.> Spum"i*ness (?),
n. The quality or condition of being spumy; spumescence.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1395
Spumous, Spumy
Spum"ous (?), Spum"y (?), a. [L. spumosus, spuma foam: cf. F.
spumeux.] Consisting of, containing, or covered with, froth, scum, or
foam; frothy; foamy.
The spumous and florid state of the blood. Arbuthnot.
The spumy waves proclaim the watery war. Dryden.
Spun
Spun (?), imp. & p. p. of Spin. Spun hay, hay twisted into ropes for
convenient carriage, as on a military expedition. -- Spun silk, a
cheap article produced from floss, or short-fibered, broken, and waste
silk, carded and spun, in distinction from the long filaments wound
from the cocoon. It is often mixed with cotton. -- Spun yarn (Naut.),
a line formed of two or more rope-yarns loosely twisted.
Spunge
Spunge (sp&ucr;nj), n. A sponge. [Obs.]
Spunk
Spunk (sp&ucr;&nsm;k), n. [Gael. spong, or Ir. sponc, tinder, sponge;
cf. AS. sponge a sponge (L. spongia), sp&omac;n a chip. Cf. Sponge,
Punk.] [Written also sponk.]
1. Wood that readily takes fire; touchwood; also, a kind of tinder
made from a species of fungus; punk; amadou. Sir T. Browne.
2. An inflammable temper; spirit; mettle; pluck; as, a man of spunk.
[Colloq.]
A lawless and dangerous set, men of spunk, and spirit, and power,
both of mind and body. Prof. Wilson.
Spunky
Spunk"y (?), a. [Compar. Spunkier (?); superl. Spunkiest.] Full of
spunk; quick; spirited. [Colloq.]
Spur
Spur (?), n. [See Sparrow.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A sparrow. [Scot.] (b) A
tern. [Prov. Eng.]
Spur
Spur, n. [OE. spure, AS. spura, spora; akin to D. spoor, G. sporn,
OHG. sporo, Icel. spori, Dan. spore, Sw. sporre, and to AS. spor a
trace, footstep, spyrian to trace, track, examine, and E. spurn.
&root;171. Cf. Sparrow, Spere, Spoor, Spurn.]
1. An implement secured to the heel, or above the heel, of a horseman,
to urge the horse by its pressure. Modern spurs have a small wheel, or
rowel, with short points. Spurs were the badge of knighthood.
And on her feet a pair of spurs large. Chaucer.
<-- To earn one's spurs, win one's spurs, to earn recognition for
achievement or for expertise. -->
2. That which goads to action; an incitement.
Fame is the spur that the clear spirit doth raise (That last
infirmity of noble mind) To scorn delights and live laborious days.
Milton.
3. Something that projects; a snag.
4. One of the large or principal roots of a tree. Shak.
5. (Zo\'94l.) Any stiff, sharp spine, as on the wings and legs of
certain burds, on the legs of insects, etc.; especially, the spine on
a cock's leg.
6. A mountain that shoots from any other mountain, or range of
mountains, and extends to some distance in a lateral direction, or at
right angles.
7. A spiked iron worn by seamen upon the bottom of the boot, to enable
them to stand upon the carcass of a whale, to strip off the blubber.
8. (Carp.) A brace strengthening a post and some connected part, as a
rafter or crossbeam; a strut.
9. (Arch.) (a) The short wooden buttress of a post. (b) A projection
from the round base of a column, occupying the angle of a square
plinth upon which the base rests, or bringing the bottom bed of the
base to a nearly square form. It is generally carved in leafage.
10. (Bot.) (a) Any projecting appendage of a flower looking like a
spur. Gray. (b) Ergotized rye or other grain. [R.]
11. (Fort.) A wall that crosses a part of a rampart and joins to an
inner wall.
12. (Shipbuilding) (a) A piece of timber fixed on the bilge ways
before launching, having the upper ends bolted to the vessel's side.
(b) A curved piece of timber serving as a half to support the deck
where a whole beam can not be placed.
Spur fowl (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of Asiatic
gallinaceous birds of the genus Galloperdix, allied to the jungle
fowl. The males have two or more spurs on each leg. -- Spur gear
(Mach.), a cogwheel having teeth which project radially and stand
parallel to the axis; a spur wheel. -- Spur gearing, gearing in which
spur gears are used. See under Gearing. -- Spur pepper. (Bot.) See the
Note under Capsicum. -- Spur wheel. Same as Spur gear, above.
Spur
Spur, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spurred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spurring.]
1. To prick with spurs; to incite to a more hasty pace; to urge or
goad; as, to spur a horse.
2. To urge or encourage to action, or to a more vigorous pursuit of an
object; to incite; to stimulate; to instigate; to impel; to drive.
Love will not be spurred to what it loathes. Shak.
3. To put spurs on; as, a spurred boot.
Spur
Spur, v. i. To spur on one' horse; to travel with great expedition; to
hasten; hence, to press forward in any pursuit. "Now spurs the lated
traveler." Shak.
The Parthians shall be there, And, spurring from the fight, confess
their fear. Dryden.
The roads leading to the capital were covered with multitudes of
yeomen, spurring hard to Westminster. Macaulay.
Some bold men, . . . by spurring on, refine themselves. Grew.
Spurgall
Spur"gall` (?), n. A place galled or excoriated by much using of the
spur.
Spurgall
Spur"gall`, v. t. To gall or wound with a spur.
Spurge
Spurge (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain.] To emit foam; to froth; -- said
of the emission of yeast from beer in course of fermentation. [Obs.]
W. Cartright.
Spurge
Spurge, n. [OF. espurge, F. \'82purge, from OF. espurgier to purge, L.
expurgare. See Expurgate, Purge.] (Bot.) Any plant of the genus
Euphobia. See Euphorbia. Spurge flax, an evergreen shrub (Daphne
Gnidium) with crowded narrow leaves. It is native of Southern Europe.
-- Spurge laurel, a European shrub (Daphne Laureola) with oblong
evergreen leaves. -- Spurge nettle. See under Nettle. -- Spurge olive,
an evergreen shrub (Daphne oleoides) found in the Mediterranean
region.
Spurgewort
Spurge"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any euphorbiaceous plant. Lindley.
Spurging
Spur"ging (?), n. [See 2d Spurge.] A purging. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Spurious
Spu"ri*ous (?), a. [L. spurius.]
1. Not proceeding from the true source, or from the source pretended;
not genuine; false; adulterate.
2. Not legitimate; bastard; as, spurious issue. "Her spurious
firstborn." Milton.
Spurious primary, OR Spurious quill (Zo\'94l.), the first, or outer,
primary quill when rudimentary or much reduced in size, as in certain
singing birds. -- Spurious wing (Zo\'94l.), the bastard wing, or
alula. Syn. -- Counterfeit; false; adulterate; supposititious;
fictitious; bastard. -- Spu"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Spu"ri*ous*ness, n.
Spurless
Spur"less (?), a. Having no spurs.
Spurling
Spur"ling (?), n. [See Sparling.] (Zo\'94l.) A tern. [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] Tusser.
Spurling-line
Spur"ling-line` (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. spurling the rut of a wheel, a
cart rut, AS. spor a track, trace, E. spoor. Scot. spurl to sprawl.]
(Naut.) The line which forms the communication between the steering
wheel and the telltale.
Spurn
Spurn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spurned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spurning.]
[OE. spurnen to kick against, to stumble over, AS. spurnan to kick,
offend; akin to spura spur, OS. & OHG. spurnan to kick, Icel. spyrna,
L. spernere to despise, Skr. sphur to jerk, to push. &root;171. See
Spur.]
1. To drive back or away, as with the foot; to kick.
[The bird] with his foot will spurn adown his cup. Chaucer.
I spurn thee like a cur out of my way. Shak.
2. To reject with disdain; to scorn to receive or accept; to treat
with contempt.
What safe and nicely I might well delay By rule of knighthood, I
disdain and spurn. Shak.
Domestics will pay a more cheerful service when they find
themselves not spurned because fortune has laid them at their
master's feet. Locke.
Spurn
Spurn, v. i.
1. To kick or toss up the heels.
The miller spurned at a stone. Chaucer.
The drunken chairman in the kennel spurns. Gay.
2. To manifest disdain in rejecting anything; to make contemptuous
opposition or resistance.
Nay, more, to spurn at your most royal image. Shak.
Spurn
Spurn, n.
1. A kick; a blow with the foot. [R.]
What defence can properly be used in such a despicable encounter as
this but either the slap or the spurn? Milton.
2. Disdainful rejection; contemptuous tratment.
The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the
unworthy takes. Shak.
3. (Mining) A body of coal left to sustain an overhanding mass.
Spurner
Spurn"er (?), n. One who spurns.
Spurn-water
Spurn"-wa`ter (?), n. (Naut.) A channel at the end of a deck to
restrain the water.
Spurred
Spurred (?), a.
1. Wearing spurs; furnished with a spur or spurs; having shoots like
spurs.
2. Affected with spur, or ergot; as, spurred rye.
Spurred corolla (Bot.), a corolla in which there are one or more
petals with a spur.
Spurrer
Spur"rer (?), n. One who spurs.
Spurrey
Spur"rey (?), n. (Bot.) See Spurry.
Spurrier
Spur"ri*er (?), n. One whose occupation is to make spurs. B. Jonson.
"The saddlers and spurriers would be ruined by thousands." Macaulay.
Spur-royal
Spur"-roy`al (?), n. A gold coin, first made in the reign of Edward
IV., having a star on the reverse resembling the rowel of a spur. In
the reigns of Elizabeth and of James I., its value was fifteen
shillings. [Written also spur-rial, and spur-ryal.]
Spurry
Spur"ry (?), n. [D. or OF. spurrie; cf. G. spergel, NL. spergula.]
(Bot.) An annual herb (Spergula arvensis) with whorled filiform
leaves, sometimes grown in Europe for fodder. [Written also spurrey.]
Sand spurry (Bot.), any low herb of the genus Lepigonum, mostly found
in sandy places.
Spur-shell
Spur"-shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of handsome
gastropod shells of the genus Trochus, or Imperator. The shell is
conical, with the margin toothed somewhat like the rowel of a spur.
Spurt
Spurt (?), v. i. [Written also spirt, and originally the same word as
sprit; OE. sprutten to sprout, AS. spryttan. See Sprit, v. i., Sprout,
v. i.] To gush or issue suddenly or violently out in a stream, as
liquor from a cask; to rush from a confined place in a small stream or
jet; to spirt.
Thus the small jet, which hasty hands unlock, Spurts in the
gardener's eyes who turns the cock. Pope.
Spurt
Spurt, v. t. To throw out, as a liquid, in a stream or jet; to drive
or force out with violence, as a liquid from a pipe or small orifice;
as, to spurt water from the mouth.
Sourt
Sourt, n.
1. A sudden or violent ejection or gushing of a liquid, as of water
from a tube, orifice, or other confined place, or of blood from a
wound; a jet; a spirt.
2. A shoot; a bud. [Obs.] Holland.
3. Fig.: A sudden outbreak; as, a spurt of jealousy.
Spurt grass (Bot.), a rush fit for basket work. Dr. Prior.
Spurt
Spurt (?), n. [Cf. Icel. sprette a spurt, spring, run, spretta to
sprit, spring.] A sudden and energetic effort, as in an emergency; an
increased exertion for a brief space.
The long, steady sweep of the so-called "paddle" tried him almost
as much as the breathless strain of the spurt. T. Hughes.
Spurt
Spurt, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Spurted; p. pr. & vb. n. Spurting.] To make
a sudden and violent exertion, as in an emergency.
Spurtle
Spur"tle (?), v. t. [Freq. of spurt.] To spurt or shoot in a
scattering manner. [Obs.] Drayton.
Spurway
Spur"way` (?), n. [Prov. E. spoor a track, trace (AS. spor) + way.] A
bridle path. [R.]
Spur-winged
Spur"-winged` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having one or more spurs on the bend
of the wings. Spur-winged goose (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species
of long-legged African geese of the genus Plectropterus and allied
genera, having a strong spur on the bend of the wing, as the Gambo
goose (P. Gambensis) and the Egyptian, or Nile, goose (Alopochen
\'92gyptiaca). -- Spur-winged plover (Zo\'94l.), an Old World plover
(Hoplopterus spinosus) having a sharp spur on the bend of the wing. It
inhabits Northern Africa and the adjacent parts of Asia and Europe.
Sput
Sput (?), n. (Steam Boiler) An annular re\'89nforce, to strengthen a
place where a hole is made.
Sputation
Spu*ta"tion (?), n. [L. sputare to spit, v. intens. fr. spuere to
spit: cf. F. sputation.] The act of spitting; expectoration. Harvey.
Sputative
Spu"ta*tive (?), a. Inclined to spit; spitting much. Sir H. Wotton.
Spute
Spute (?), v. t. [Abbrev. from dispute.] To dispute; to discuss.
[Obs.] Wyclif.
Sputter
Sput"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sputtered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sputtering.] [From the root of spout or spit to eject from the mputh.
Cf. Splutter.]
1. To spit, or to emit saliva from the mouth in small, scattered
portions, as in rapid speaking.
2. To utter words hastily and indistinctly; to speak so rapidly as to
emit saliva.
They could neither of them speak their rage, and so fell a
sputtering at one another, like two roasting apples. Congreve.
3. To throw out anything, as little jets of steam, with a noise like
that made by one sputtering.
Like the green wood . . . sputtering in the flame. Dryden.
Sputter
Sput"ter, v. t. To spit out hastily by quick, successive efforts, with
a spluttering sound; to utter hastily and confusedly, without control
over the organs of speech.
In the midst of caresses, and without the last pretend incitement,
to sputter out the basest accusations. Swift.
Sputter
Sput"ter, n. Moist matter thrown out in small detached particles;
also, confused and hasty speech.
Sputterer
Sput"ter*er (?), n. One who sputters.
Sputum
Spu"tum (?), n.; pl. Sputa (#). [L., from spuere, sputum, to spit.]
That which is expectorated; a salival discharge; spittle; saliva.
Spy
Spy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Spying.] [OE.
spien, espien, OF. espier, F. \'82pier, OHG. speh, G. sp\'84hen; akin
to L. specere to see, Skr. spa(Espy, v.t., Aspect, Auspice,
Circumspect, Conspicuouc, Despise, Frontispiece, Inspect, Prospect,
Respite, Scope, Scecimen, Spectacle, Specter, Speculate, Spice, Spite,
Suspicion.] To gain sight of; to discover at a distance, or in a state
of concealment; to espy; to see.
One in reading, skipped over all sentences where he spied a note of
admiration. Swift.
2. To discover by close search or examination.
Look about with yout eyes; spy what things are to be reformed in
the church of England. Latimer.
3. To explore; to view; inspect; and examine secretly, as a country;
-- usually with out.
Moses sent to spy Jaazer, and they took the villages thereof. Num.
xxi. 32.
Spy
Spy, v. i. To search narrowly; to scrutinize.
It is my nature's plague To spy into abuses. Shak.
Spy
Spy, n.; pl. Spies (#). [See Spy, v., and cf. Espy, n.]
1. One who keeps a constant watch of the conduct of others. "These
wretched spies of wit." Dryden.
2. (Mil.) A person sent secretly into an enemy's camp, territory, or
fortifications, to inspect his works, ascertain his strength,
movements, or designs, and to communicate such intelligence to the
proper officer.
Spy money, money paid to a spy; the reward for private or secret
intelligence regarding the enemy. -- Spy Wednesday (Eccl.), the
Wednesday immediately preceding the festival of Easter; -- so called
in allusion to the betrayal of Christ by Judas Iscariot. Syn. -- See
Emissary, and Scout.
Spyboat
Spy"boat` (?), n. A boat sent to make discoveries and bring
intelligence. Arbuthnot.
Spyglass
Spy"glass (?), n. A small telescope for viewing distant terrestrial
objects.
Spyism
Spy"ism (?), n. Act or business of spying. [R.]
Spynace; 48, Spyne
Spy"nace (?; 48), Spyne (?), n. (Naut.) See Pinnace, n., 1 (a).
Squab
Squab (?), a. [Cf. dial. Sw. sqvabb a soft and fat body, sqvabba a fat
woman, Icel. kvap jelly, jellylike things, and and E. quab.]
1. Fat; thick; plump; bulky.
Nor the squab daughter nor the wife were nice. Betterton.
2. Unfledged; unfeathered; as, a squab pigeon. King.
Squab
Squab, n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A neatling of a pigeon or other similar bird, esp. when
very fat and not fully fledged.
2. A person of a short, fat figure.
Gorgonious sits abdominous and wan, Like a fat squab upon a Chinese
fan. Cowper.
3. A thickly stuffed cushion; especially, one used for the seat of a
sofa, couch, or chair; also, a sofa.
Punching the squab of chairs and sofas. Dickens.
On her large squab you find her spread. Pope.
Squab
Squab, adv. [Cf. dial. Sw. squapp, a word imitative of a splash, and
E. squab fat, unfledged.] With a heavy fall; plump. [Vulgar]
The eagle took the tortoise up into the air, and dropped him down,
squab, upon a rock. L'Estrange.
Squab
Squab, v. i. To fall plump; to strike at one dash, or with a heavy
stroke. [Obs.]
Squabash
Squa*bash" (?), v. t. To crush; to quash; to squash. [Colloq. or
Slang, Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Squabbish
Squab"bish (?), a. Thick; fat; heavy.
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Squabble
Squab"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squabbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squabbling (?).] [Cf. dial. Sw. skvabbel a dispute, skvappa to chide.]
1. To contend for superiority in an unseemly maner; to scuffle; to
struggle; to wrangle; to quarrel.
2. To debate peevishly; to dispute.
The sense of these propositions is very plain, though logicians
might squabble a whole day whether they should rank them under
negative or affirmative. I. Watts.
Syn. -- To dispute; contend; scuffle; wrangle; quarrel; struggle.
Squabble
Squab"ble, v. t. (Print.) To disarrange, so that the letters or lines
stand awry or are mixed and need careful readjustment; -- said of type
that has been set up.
Squabble
Squab"ble, n. A scuffle; a wrangle; a brawl.
Squabbler
Squab"bler (?), n. One who squabbles; a contentious person; a brawler.
Squabby
Squab"by (?), a. Short and thick; suqabbish.
Squab-chick
Squab"-chick` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A young chicken before it is fully
fledged. [Prov. Eng.]
Squacco
Squac"co (?), n.; pl. Squaccos (. (Zo\'94l.) A heron (Ardea comata)
found in Asia, Northern Africa, and Southern Europe.
Squad
Squad (?), n. [F. escouade, fr. Sp. escuadra, or It. squadra,
(assumed) LL. exquadrare to square; L. ex + quadra a square. See
Square.]
1. (Mil.) A small party of men assembled for drill, inspection, or
other purposes.
2. Hence, any small party.
Squad
Squad, n. Sloppy mud. [Prov. Eng.] Tennyson.
Squadron
Squad"ron (?), n. [F. escadron, formerly also esquadron, or It.
squadrone. See Squad.]
1. Primarily, a square; hence, a square body of troops; a body of
troops drawn up in a square. [R.]
Those half-rounding quards Just met, and, closing, stood in
squadron joined. Milton.
2. (Mil.) A body of cavarly comparising two companies or troops, and
averging from one hundred and twenty to two hundred men.
3. (Naut.) A detachment of vessels employed on any particular service
or station, under the command of the senior officer; as, the North
Atlantic Squadron. Totten.
Flying squadron, a squadron of observation or practice, that cruises
rapidly about from place to place. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Squadroned
Squad"roned (?), a. Formed into squadrons, or squares. [R.] Milton.
Squail
Squail (?), v. i. To throw sticls at cocks; to throw anything about
awkwardly or irregularly. [Prov. Eng.] Southey.
Squaimous
Squai"mous (?), a. Squeamish. [Obs.]
Squali
Squa"li (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. squalus a kind of sea fish.]
(Zo\'94l.) The suborder of elasmobranch fishes which comprises the
sharks.
Squalid
Squal"id (?), a. [L. squalidus, fr. squalere to be foul or filthy.]
Dirty through neglect; foul; filthy; extremely dirty.
Uncomed his locks, and squalid his attrie. Dryden.
Those squalid dens, which are the reproach of large capitals.
Macaulay.
Squalidity
Squa*lid"i*ty (?), n. [L. squaliditas.] The quality or state of being
squalid; foulness; filthiness.
Squalidly
Squal"id*ly (?), adv. In a squalid manner.
Squalidness
Squal"id*ness, n. Quality or state of being squalid.
Squall
Squall (?), n. [Cf. Sw. sqval an impetuous running of water, sqvalregn
a violent shower of rain, sqala to stream, to gush.] A sudden violent
gust of wind often attended with rain or snow.
The gray skirts of a lifting squall. Tennyson.
Black squall, a squall attended with dark, heavy clouds. -- Thick
squall, a black squall accompanied by rain, hail, sleet, or snow.
Totten. -- White squall, a squall which comes unexpectedly, without
being marked in its approach by the clouds. Totten.
Squall
Squall, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squalled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Squalling.]
[Icel. skvala. Cf. Squeal.] To cry out; to scream or cry violently, as
a woman frightened, or a child in anger or distress; as, the infant
squalled.
Squall
Squall, n. A loud scream; a harsh cry.
There oft are heard the notes of infant woe, - The short, thick
sob, loud scream, and shriller squall. Pope.
Squaller
Squall"er (?), n. One who squalls; a screamer.
Squally
Squall"y (?), a.
1. Abounding with squalls; disturbed often with sudden and violent
gusts of wind; gusty; as, squally weather.
2. (Agric.) Interrupted by unproductive spots; -- said of a flied of
turnips or grain. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
3. (Weaving) Not equally good throughout; not uniform; uneven; faulty;
-- said of cloth.
Squalodon
Squa"lo*don (?), n. [NL. Squalus a genus of sharks + Gr. (Paleon.) A
genus of fossil whales belonging to the Phocodontia; -- so called
because their are serrated, like a shark's.
Squalodont
Squa"lo*dont (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to Squalodon.
Squaloid
Squa"loid (?), a. [NL. Squalus a genus of sharks (fr. L. squalus a
kind of sea fish) + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to a shark or
sharks.
Squalor
Squa"lor (?), n. [L., fr. squalere to be foul or filthy.] Squalidness;
foulness; filthness; squalidity.
The heterogenous indigent multitude, everywhere wearing nearly the
same aspect of squalor. Taylor.
To bring this sort of squalor among the upper classes. Dickens.
Squama
Squa"ma (?), n.; pl. Squam\'91 (#). [L. a scale.] (Med.) A scale cast
off from the skin; a thin dry shred consisting of epithelium.
Squamaceous
Squa*ma"ceous (?), a. Squamose.
Squamata
Squa*ma"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. squamatus scaly.] (Zo\'94l.) A
division of edentates having the body covered with large, imbricated
horny scales. It includes the pangolins.
Squamate, Squamated
Squa"mate (?), Squa"ma*ted (?), a. [L. squamatus.] Same as Squamose.
Squamduck
Squam"duck` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The American eider duck. [Local, U.S.]
Squame
Squame (?), n. [L. squama scale.]
1. A scale. [Obs.] "iron squames." Chaucer.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The scale, or exopodite, of an antenna of a crustacean.
Squamella
Squa*mel"la (?), n.; pl. Squamell\'91 (#). [NL., dim. fr. L. squama a
scale.] (Bot.) A diminutive scale or bractlet, such as those found on
the receptacle in many composite plants; a palea.
Squamellate
Squa*mel"late (?), a. Furnished or covered with little scales;
squamulose.
Squamiform
Squa"mi*form (?), a.[L. squama a scale + -form.] Having the shape of a
scale.
Squamigerous
Squa*mig"er*ous (?), a. [L. squamiger; squama a scale + gerere to
bear.] (Zo\'94l.) Bearing scales.
Squamipen
Squam"i*pen (? OR ?), n. ;pl. Squamipennes (#). [L. squama a scale +
penna a fin: cf. F. squamipenne.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of a group of
fishes having the dorsal and anal fins partially covered with scales.
NOTE: &hand; Th ey ar e co mpressed an d mo stly, br ight-colored
tropical fishes, belonging to Ch\'91todon and allied genera. Many
of them are called soral fishes, and angel fishes.
Squamoid
Squa"moid (?), a. [L. squama scale + -oid.] Resembling a scale; also,
covered with scales; scaly.
Squamosal
Squa*mo"sal (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Scalelike; squamous; as, the squamosal
bone. (b) Of or pertaining to the squamosal bone. -- n. The squamous
part of the temporal bone, or a bone correspondending to it, under
Temporal.
Squamose OR
Squa*mose" (? OR , Squa"mous (?), [L. squamosus, fr. squama a scale:
cf. F. squameux.]
1. Covered with, or consisting of, scales; resembling a scale; scaly;
as, the squamose cones of the pine; squamous epithelial cells; the
squamous portion of the temporal bone, which is so called from a
fancied resemblance to a scale.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the squamosal bone; squamosal.
Squamozygomatic
Squa`mo*zyg`o*mat"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both the
squamosal and zygomatic bones; -- applied to a bone, or a center of
ossification, in some fetal skulls. -- n. A squamozygomatic bone.
Squamula
Squam"u*la (? OR ?), n.; pl. Squamul\'91 (#). [L., dim. of squama a
scale.] (Bot.) One of the little hypogynous scales found in the
flowers of grasses; a lodicule.
Squamulate
Squam"u*late (?), a. Same as Squamulose.
Squamule
Squam"ule (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Squamula.
Squamulose
Squam"u*lose` (?; 277), a. Having little scales; squamellate;
squamulate.
Squander
Squan"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Squandered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squandering.] [Cf. Scot. squatter to splash water about, to scatter,
to squander, Prov. E. swatter, Dan. sqvatte, Sw. sqv\'84tta to squirt,
sqv\'84ttra to squander, Icel. skvetta to squirt out, to throw out
water.]
1. To scatter; to disperse. [Obs.]
Our squandered troops he rallies. Dryden.
2. To spend lavishly or profusely; to spend prodigally or wastefully;
to use without economy or judgment; to dissipate; as, to squander an
estate.
The crime of squandering health is equal to the folly. Rambler.
Syn. -- To spend; expend; waste; scatter; dissipate.
Squander
Squan"der, v. i.
1. To spend lavishly; to be wasteful.
They often squandered, but they never gave. Savage.
2. To wander at random; to scatter. [R.]
The wise man's folly is anatomized Even by squandering glances of
the fool. Shak.
Squander
Squan"der, n. The act of squandering; waste.
Squanderer
Squan"der*er (?), n. One who squanders.
Squanderingly
Squan"der*ing*ly, adv. In a squandering manner.
Square
Square (?), n. [OF. esquarre, esquierre, F. \'82querre a carpenter's
square (cf. It. squadra), fr. (assumed) LL. exquadrare to make square;
L. ex + quadrus a square, fr. quattuor four. See Four, and cf.
Quadrant, Squad, Squer a square.]
1. (Geom.) (a) The corner, or angle, of a figure. [Obs.] (b) A
parallelogram having four equal sides and four right angles.
2. Hence, anything which is square, or nearly so; as: (a) A square
piece or fragment.
He bolted his food down his capacious throat in squares of three
inches. Sir W. Scott.
(b) A pane of glass. (c) (Print.) A certain number of lines, forming a
portion of a column, nearly square; -- used chiefly in reckoning the
prices of advertisements in newspapers. (d) (Carp.) One hundred
superficial feet.
3. An area of four sides, generally with houses on each side;
sometimes, a solid block of houses; also, an open place or area for
public use, as at the meeting or intersection of two or more streets.
The statue of Alexander VII. stands in the large square of the
town. Addison.
4. (Mech. & Joinery) An instrument having at least one right angle and
two or more straight edges, used to lay out or test square work. It is
of several forms, as the T square, the carpenter's square, the
try-square., etc.
5. Hence, a pattern or rule. [Obs.]
6. (Arith. & Alg.) The product of a number or quantity multiplied by
itself; thus, 64 is the square of 8, for 8 × 8 = 64; the square of a +
b is a2 + 2ab + b2.
7. Exact proportion; justness of workmanship and conduct; regularity;
rule. [Obs.]
They of Galatia [were] much more out of square. Hooker.
I have not kept my square. Shak.
8. (Mil.) A body of troops formed in a square, esp. one formed to
resist a charge of cavalry; a squadron. "The brave squares of war."
Shak.
9. Fig.: The relation of harmony, or exact agreement; equality; level.
We live not on the square with such as these. Dryden.
10. (Astrol.) The position of planets distant ninety degrees from each
other; a quadrate. [Obs.]
11. The act of squaring, or quarreling; a quarrel. [R.]
12. The front of a woman's dress over the bosom, usually worked or
embroidered. [Obs.] Shak.
Geometrical square. See Quadrat, n., 2. -- Hollow square (Mil.), a
formation of troops in the shape of a square, each side consisting of
four or five ranks, and the colors, officers, horses, etc., occupying
the middle. -- Least square, Magic square, etc. See under Least,
Magic, etc. -- On the square, OR Upon the square, in an open, fair
manner; honestly, or upon honor. [Obs. or Colloq.] -- On, OR Upon, the
square with, upon equality with; even with. Nares. -- To be all
squares, to be all settled. [Colloq.] Dickens. -- To be at square, to
be in a state of quarreling. [Obs.] Nares. -- To break no square, to
give no offense; to make no difference. [Obs.] -- To break squares, to
depart from an accustomed order. To see how the squares go, to see how
the game proceeds; -- a phrase taken from the game of chess, the
chessboard being formed with squares. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
Square
Square (?), a.
1. (Geom.) Having four equal sides and four right angles; as, a square
figure.
2. Forming a right angle; as, a square corner.
3. Having a shape broad for the height, with rectilineal and angular
rather than curving outlines; as, a man of a square frame.
4. Exactly suitable or correspondent; true; just.
She's a most truimphant lady, if report be square to her. Shak.
5. Rendering equal justice; exact; fair; honest, as square dealing.
6. Even; leaving no balance; as, to make or leave the accounts square.
7. Leaving nothing; hearty; vigorous.
By Heaven, square eaters. More meat, I say. Beau. & Fl.
8. (Naut.) At right angles with the mast or the keel, and parallel to
the horizon; -- said of the yards of a square-rigged vessel when they
are so braced.
NOTE: &hand; Sq uare is often used in self-explaining compounds or
combination, as in square-built, square-cornered, square-cut,
square-nosed, etc.
Square foot, an area equal to that of a square the sides of which are
twelwe inches; 144 square inches. -- Square knot, a knot in which the
terminal and standing parts are parallel to each other; a reef knot.
See Illust. under Knot. -- Square measure, the measure of a
superficies or surface which depends on the length and breadth taken
conjointly. The units of square measure are squares whose sides are
the linear measures; as, square inches, square feet, square meters,
etc. -- Square number. See square, n., 6. -- Square root of a number
OR quantity (Math.), that number or quantity which, multiplied by
itself produces the given number or quantity. -- Square sail (Naut.),
a four-sided sail extended upon a yard suspended by the middle;
sometimes, the foresail of a schooner set upon a yard; also, a
cutter's or sloop's sail boomed out. See Illust of Sail. -- Square
stern (Naut.), a stern having a transom and joining the counter
timbers at an angle, as distinguished from a round stern, which has no
transom. -- Three-square, Five-square, etc., having three, five, etc.,
equal sides; as, a three-square file. -- To get square with, to get
even with; to pay off. [Colloq.]
Square
Square, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Squared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Squaring.]
[Cf. OF. escarrer, esquarrer. See Square, n.]
1. To form with four sides and four right angles. Spenser.
2. To form with right angles and straight lines, or flat surfaces; as,
to square mason's work.
3. To compare with, or reduce to, any given measure or standard. Shak.
4. To adjust; to regulate; to mold; to shape; to fit; as, to square
our actions by the opinions of others.
Square my trial To my proportioned strength. Milton.
5. To make even, so as leave no remainder of difference; to balance;
as, to square accounts.
6. (Math.) To multiply by itself; as, to square a number or a
quantity.
7. (Astrol.) To hold a quartile position respecting.
The icy Goat and Crab that square the Scales. Creech.
8. (Naut.) To place at right angles with the keel; as, to square the
yards.
To square one's shoulders, to raise the shoulders so as to give them a
square appearance, -- a movement expressing contempt or dislike. Sir
W. Scott. -- To square the circle (Math.), to determine the exact
contents of a circle in square measure. The solution of this famous
problem is now generally admitted to be impossible.
Square
Square, v. i.
1. To accord or agree exactly; to be consistent with; to conform or
agree; to suit; to fit.
No works shall find acceptamce . . . That square not truly with the
Scripture plan. Cowper.
2. To go to opposite sides; to take an attitude of offense or defense,
or of defiance; to quarrel. [Obs.]
Are you such fools To square for this? Shak.
3. To take a boxing attitude; -- often with up, sometimes with off.
[Colloq.] Dickens.
Squarely
Square"ly, adv. In a square form or manner.
Squareness
Square"ness, n. The quality of being square; as, an instrument to try
the squareness of work.
Squarer
Squar"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, squares.
2. One who squares, or quarrels; a hot-headed, contentious fellow.
[Obs.] Shak.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1397
Square-rigged
Square"-rigged` (skw&acir;r"r&icr;gd`), a. (Naut.) Having the sails
extended upon yards suspended horizontally by the middle, as
distinguished from fore-and-aft sails; thus, a ship and a brig are
square-rigged vessels.
Square-toed
Square"-toed` (-t&omac;d`), n. Having the toe square.
Obsolete as fardingales, ruffs, and square-toed shoes. V. Knox.
Square-toes
Square"-toes` (?), n. A precise person; -- used contemptuously or
jocularly. Thackeray.
Squarish
Squar"ish, a. Nearly square. Pennant.
Squarrose
Squar*rose" (? OR ?; 277), a. [L. squarrosus (perhaps) scurfy,
scabby.] Ragged or full of lose scales or projecting parts; rough;
jagged; as: (a) (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Consisting of scales widely
divaricating; having scales, small leaves, or other bodies, spreading
widely from the axis on which they are crowded; -- said of a calyx or
stem. (b) (Bot.) Divided into shreds or jags, raised above the plane
of the leaf, and not parallel to it; said of a leaf. (c) (Zo\'94l.)
Having scales spreading every way, or standing upright, or at right
angles to the surface; -- said of a shell. Squarrose-slashed (Bot.),
doubly slashed, with the smaller divisions at right angles to the
others, as a leaf. Landley.
Squarroso-dentate
Squar*ro`so-den"tate (?), a. (Bot.) Having the teeth bent out of the
plane of the lamina; -- said of a leaf.
Squarrous
Squar"rous (? OR ?), a. Squarrose.
Squarrulose
Squar"ru*lose` (?), a. [Dim. of squarrose.] (Bot.) Somewhat squarrose;
slightly squarrose. Gray.
Squash
Squash (?), n. [Cf. Musquash.] (Zo\'94l.) An American animal allied to
the weasel. [Obs.] Goldsmith.
Squash
Squash, n. [Massachusetts Indian asq, pl. asquash, raw, green,
immaturate, applied to fruit and vegetables which were used when
green, or without cooking; askutasquash vine apple.] (Bot.) A plant
and its fruit of the genus Cucurbita, or gourd kind.
NOTE: &hand; The species are much confused. The long-neck squash is
called Cucurbita verrucosa, the Barbary or China squash, C.
moschata, and the great winter squash, C. maxima, but the
distinctions are not clear.
Squash beetle (Zo\'94l.), a small American beetle (Diabrotica, OR
Galeruca vittata) which is often abundant and very injurious to the
leaves of squash, cucumber, etc. It is striped with yellow and black.
The name is applied also to other allied species. -- Squash bug
(Zo\'94l.), a large black American hemipterous insect (Coreus, OR
Anasa, tristis) injurious to squash vines.
Squash
Squash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Squashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Squashing.]
[OE. squashen, OF. escachier, esquachier, to squash, to crush, F.
\'82cacher, perhaps from (assumed) LL. excoacticare, fr. L. ex +
coactare to constrain, from cogere, coactum, to compel. Cf. Cogent,
Squat, v. i.] To beat or press into pulp or a flat mass; to crush.
Squash
Squash, n.
1. Something soft and easily crushed; especially, an unripe pod of
pease.
Not yet old enough for a man, nor young enough for a boy; as a
squash is before 't is a peascod. Shak.
2. Hence, something unripe or soft; -- used in contempt. "This squash,
this gentleman." Shak.
3. A sudden fall of a heavy, soft body; also, a shock of soft bodies.
Arbuthnot.
My fall was stopped by a terrible squash. Swift.
Squasher
Squash"er (?), n. One who, or that which, squashes.
Squashiness
Squash"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being squashy, or soft.
Squashy
Squash"y (?), a. Easily squashed; soft.
Squat
Squat (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The angel fish (Squatina angelus
Squat
Squat, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squatted; p. pr. & vb. n. Squatting.] [OE.
squatten to crush, OF. esquater, esquatir (cf. It. quatto squat,
cowering), perhaps fr. L. ex + coactus, p. p. cogere to drive or urge
together. See Cogent, Squash, v. t.]
1. To sit down upon the hams or heels; as, the savages squatted near
the fire.
2. To sit close to the ground; to cower; to stoop, or lie close, to
escape observation, as a partridge or rabbit.
3. To settle on another's land without title; also, to settle on
common or public lands.
Squat
Squat, v. t. To bruise or make flat by a fall. [Obs.]
Squat
Squat, a.
1. Sitting on the hams or heels; sitting close to the ground;
cowering; crouching.
Him there they found, Squat like a toad, close at the ear of Eve.
Milton.
2. Short and thick, like the figure of an animal squatting. "The
round, squat turret." R. Browning.
The head [of the squill insect] is broad and squat. Grew.
Squat
Squat, n.
1. The posture of one that sits on his heels or hams, or close to the
ground.
2. A sudden or crushing fall. [Obs.] erbert.
3. (Mining) (a) A small vein of ore. (b) A mineral consisting of tin
ore and spar. Halliwell. Woodward.
Squat snipe (Zo\'94l.), the jacksnipe; -- called also squatter.
[Local, U.S.]
Squaterole
Squat"er*ole (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The black-bellied plover.
Squatter
Squat"ter (?), n.
1. One who squats; specifically, one who settles unlawfully upon land
without a title. In the United States and Australia the term is
sometimes applied also to a person who settles lawfully upon
government land under permission and restrictions, before acquiring
title.
In such a tract, squatters and trespassers were tolerated to an
extent now unknown. Macaulay.
2. (Zo\'94l.) See Squat snipe, under Squat.
Squatter sovereignty, the right claimed by the squatters, or actual
residents, of a Territory of the United States to make their own laws.
[Local, U.S.] Bartlett.
Squatty
Squat"ty (?), a. Squat; dumpy. J. Burroughs.
Squaw
Squaw (?), n. [Massachusetts Indian squa, eshqua; Narragansett
squ\'83ws; Delaware ochqueu, and khqueu; used also in compound words
(as the names of animals) in the sense of female.] A female; a woman;
-- in the language of Indian tribes of the Algonquin family,
correlative of sannup. Old squaw. (Zo\'94l.) See under Old.
Squawberry
Squaw"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) A local name for the partridge berry;
also, for the deerberry. [U. S.]
Squawk
Squawk (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squawked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squawking.] [See Squeak.] To utter a shrill, abrupt scream; to squeak
harshly. Squawking thrush (Zo\'94l.), the missel turush; -- so called
from its note when alarmed. [Prov. Eng.]
Squawk
Squawk, n.
1. Act of squawking; a harsh squeak.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The American night heron. See under Night.
Squawk duck (Zo\'94l.), the bimaculate duck (Anas glocitans). It has
patches of reddish brown behind, and in front of, each eye. [Prov.
Eng.]
Squawl
Squawl (?), v. i. See Squall.
Squawroot
Squaw"root` (?), n. (Bot.) A scaly parasitic plant (Conopholis
Americana) found in oak woods in the United States; -- called also
cancer root.
Squawweed
Squaw"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) The golden ragwort. See under Ragwort.
Squeak
Squeak (?), v. i. [imp.& p. p. Squaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squeaking.] [Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw. sqv\'84ka to croak,
Icel. skvakka to give a sound as of water shaken in a bottle.]
1. To utter a sharp, shrill cry, usually of short duration; to cry
with an acute tone, as an animal; or, to make a sharp, disagreeable
noise, as a pipe or quill, a wagon wheel, a door; to creak.
Who can endure to hear one of the rough old Romans squeaking
through the mouth of an eunuch? Addison.
Zoilus calls the companions of Ulysses the "squeaking pigs" of
Homer. Pope.
2. To break silence or secrecy for fear of pain or punishment; to
speak; to confess. [Colloq.] <-- = squeal? See below. in MW10, they
are synonyms -->
If he be obstinate, put a civil question to him upon the rack, and
he squeaks, I warrant him. Dryden.
Squeak
Squeak, n. A sharp, shrill, disagreeable sound suddenly utered, either
of the human voice or of any animal or instrument, such as is made by
carriage wheels when dry, by the soles of leather shoes, or by a pipe
or reed.
Squeaker
Squeak"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, squeaks.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The Australian gray crow shrile (Strepera anaphonesis);
-- so called from its note. <-- 3. A contest won by a slim margin; or
a narrow escape from harm. -->
Squeakingly
Squeak"ing*ly, adv. In a squeaking manner.
Squeal
Squeal (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squealed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squealing.] [Of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. sqv\'84la, Norw. skvella. Cf.
Squeak, Squall.]
1. To cry with a sharp, shrill, prolonged sound, as certain animals
do, indicating want, displeasure, or pain.
2. To turn informer; to betray a secret. [Slang]
Squeal
Squeal, n. A shrill, somewhat prolonged cry.
Squealer
Squeal"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, squeals.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European swift. (b) The harlequin duck. (c) The
American golden plover.
Squeamish
Squeam"ish (?), a. [OE. squaimous, sweymous, probably from OE. sweem,
swem, dizziness, a swimming in the head; cf. Icel. svemr a bustle, a
stir, Norw. sveim a hovering about, a sickness that comes upon one,
Icel. svimi a giddiness, AS. sw\'c6mi. The word has been perhaps
confused witrh qualmish. Cf. Swim to be dizzy.] Having a stomach that
is easily or nauseated; hence, nice to excess in taste; fastidious;
easily disgusted; apt to be offended at trifling improprieties.
Quoth he, that honor's very squeamish That takes a basting for a
blemish. Hudibras.
His muse is rustic, and perhaps too plain The men of squeamish
taste to entertain. Southern.
So ye grow squeamish, Gods, and sniff at heaven. M. Arnold.
Syn. -- Fastidious; dainty; overnice; scrupulous. See Fastidious. --
Squeam"ish*ly, adv. -- Squeam"ish*ness, n.
Squeamous
Squeam"ous (?), a. Squeamish. [Obs.]
Squeasiness
Squea"si*ness (?), n. Queasiness. [Obs.]
Squesy
Sque"sy (?), a. Queasy; nice; squeamish; fastidious; scrupulous.
[Obs.] Bp. Earle.
Squeegee
Squee"gee (?), n. Same as Squilgee.
Squeeze
Squeeze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Squeezed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squeezing.] [OE. queisen, AS. cw&emac;san, cw&ymac;san, cw\'c6san, of
uncertain origin. The s- was probably prefixed through the influence
of squash, v.t.]
1. To press between two bodies; to press together closely; to
compress; often, to compress so as to expel juice, moisture, etc.; as,
to squeeze an orange with the fingers; to squeeze the hand in
friendship.
2. Fig.: To oppress with hardships, burdens, or taxes; to harass; to
crush.
In a civil war, people must expect to be crushed and squeezed
toward the burden. L'Estrange.
3. To force, or cause to pass, by compression; often with out,
through, etc.; as, to squeeze water through felt. Syn. -- To compress;
hug; pinch; gripe; crowd.
Squeeze
Squeeze, v. i. To press; to urge one's way, or to pass, by pressing;
to crowd; -- often with through, into, etc.; as, to squeeze hard to
get through a crowd.
Squeeze
Squeeze, n.
1. The act of one who squeezes; compression between bodies; pressure.
2. A facsimile impression taken in some soft substance, as pulp, from
an inscription on stone.
Squeezer
Squeez"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, squeezes; as, a lemon squeezer.
2. (Forging) (a) A machine like a large pair of pliers, for shingling,
or squeezing, the balls of metal when puddled; -- used only in the
plural. (b) A machine of several forms for the same purpose; -- used
in the singular.
Squeezing
Squeez"ing, n.
1. The act of pressing; compression; oppression.
2. pl. That which is forced out by pressure; dregs.
3. Same as Squeeze, n., 2.
Squelch
Squelch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Squelched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squelching.] [Cf. prov. E. quelch a blow, and quel to crush, to kill.]
To quell; to crush; to silence or put down. [Colloq.]
Oh 't was your luck and mine to be squelched. Beau. & Fl.
If you deceive us you will be squelched. Carlyle.
Squelch
Squelch, n. A heavy fall, as of something flat; hence, also, a
crushing reply. [Colloq.] Hudibras.
Squeteague
Sque*teague" (skw&esl;*t&emac;g"), n. [from the North American Indian
name.] (Zo\'94l.) An American sci\'91noid fish (Cynoscion regalis),
abundant on the Atlantic coast of the United States, and much valued
as a food fish. It is of a bright silvery color, with iridescent
reflections. Called also weakfish, squitee, chickwit, and sea trout.
The spotted squeteague (C. nebulosus) of the Southern United States is
a similar fish, but the back and upper fins are spotted with black. It
is called also spotted weakfish, and, locally, sea trout, and sea
salmon. <-- also called squit. See under squitee. -->
Squib
Squib (?), n. [OE. squippen, swippen, to move swiftky, Icel. svipa to
swoop, flash, dart, whip; akin to AS. swipian to whip, and E. swift,
a. See Swift, a.]
1. A little pipe, or hollow cylinder of paper, filled with powder or
combustible matter, to be thrown into the air while burning, so as to
burst there with a crack.
Lampoons, like squibs, may make a present blaze. Waller.
The making and selling of fireworks, and squibs . . . is
punishable. Blackstone.
2. (Mining) A kind of slow match or safety fuse.
3. A sarcastic speech or publication; a petty lampoon; a brief, witty
essay.
Who copied his squibs, and re\'89choed his jokes. Goldsmith.
4. A writer of lampoons. [Obs.]
The squibs are those who in the common phrase of the world are
called libelers, lampooners, and pamphleteers. Tatler.
5. A paltry fellow. [Obs.] Spenser.
Squib
Squib, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squibbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Squibbing.]
To throw squibs; to utter sarcatic or severe reflections; to contend
in petty dispute; as, to squib a little debate. [Colloq.]
Squid
Squid (?), n. [Cf. Squirt.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of ten-armed cephalopods
having a long, tapered body, and a caudal fin on each side;
especially, any species of Loligo, Ommastrephes, and related genera.
See Calamary, Decacerata, Dibranchiata.
NOTE: &hand; Some of these squids are very abundant on the Atlantic
coast of North America, and are used in large quantities for bait,
especially in the cod fishery. The most abundant of the American
squids are the northern squid (Ommastrephes illecebrosus), ranging
from Southern New England to Newfoundland, and the southern squid
(Loligo Pealii), ranging from Virginia to Massachusetts.
2. A fishhook with a piece of bright lead, bone, or other substance,
fastened on its shank to imitate a squid.
Flying squid, Giant squid. (Zo\'94l.) See under Flying, and Giant. --
Squid hound (Zo\'94l.), the striped bass.
Squier
Squier (?), n. A square. See 1st Squire. [Obs.]
Not the worst of the three but jumps twelve foot and a half by the
squier. Shak.
Squierie, Squiery
Squi"er*ie, Squi"er*y, (, n. [OF. escuiere. See Esquire.] A company of
squires; the whole body of squires.
NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd is found in Tyrwhitt's Chaucer, but is not
in the modern editions.
Squiggle
Squig"gle (?), v. i. [Cf. Prov. E. swiggle to drink greedily, to shake
liquor in a close vessel, and E. sqig.] To shake and wash a fluid
about in the mouth with the lips closed. [Prov. Eng.] Forby.
Squiggle
Squig"gle, v. i. [Cf. Squirm, Wiggle.] To move about like an eel; to
squirm. [Low, U.S.] Bartlett.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1398
Squilgee
Squil"gee (?), n. Formerly, a small swab for drying a vessel's deck;
now, a kind of scraper having a blade or edge of rubber or of leather,
-- used for removing superfluous, water or other liquids, as from a
vessel's deck after washing, from window panes, photographer's plates,
etc. [Written also squillgee, squillagee, squeegee.]
Squill
Squill (?), n. [F. squille (also scille a squill, in sense 1), L.
squilla, scilla, Gr.
1. (Bot.) (a) A European bulbous liliaceous plant (Urginea, formerly
Scilla, maritima), of acrid, expectorant, diuretic, and emetic
properties used in medicine. Called also sea onion. (b) Any bulbous
plant of the genus Scilla; as, the bluebell squill (S. mutans).
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A squilla. (b) A mantis.
Squilla
Squil"la (?), n.; pl. E. Squillas (#), L. Squill\'91 (#). [L., a sea
onion, also, a prawn or shrimp. See Squill.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of
numerous stomapod crustaceans of the genus Squilla and allied genera.
They make burrows in mud or beneath stones on the seashore. Called
also mantis shrimp. See Illust. under Stomapoda.
Squillitic
Squill*it"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to squills. [R.] "Squillitic
vinegar." Holland.
Squinance, Squinancy
Squin"ance (?), Squin"an*cy (?), n. [F. esquinancie, OF. squinance,
esquinance. See Quinsy.]
1. (Med.) The quinsy. See Quinsy. [Obs.]
2. (Bot.) A European perennial herb (Asperula cynanchica) with
narrowly linear whorled leaves; -- formerly thought to cure the
quinsy. Also called quincewort.
Squinancy berries, black currants; -- so called because used to cure
the quinsy. Dr. Prior.
Squinch
Squinch (?), n. [Corrupted fr. sconce.] (Arch.) A small arch thrown
across the corner of a square room to support a superimposed mass, as
where an octagonal spire or drum rests upon a square tower; -- called
also sconce, and sconcheon.
Squinsy
Squin"sy (?), n. (Med.) See Quinsy. [Obs.]
Squint
Squint (?), a. [Cf. D. schuinte a slope, schuin, schuinisch, sloping,
oblique, schuins slopingly. Cf. Askant, Askance, Asquint.]
1. Looking obliquely. Specifically (Med.), not having the optic axes
coincident; -- said of the eyes. See Squint, n., 2.
2. Fig.: Looking askance. "Squint suspicion." Milton.
Squint
Squint, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squinted; p. pr. & vb. n. Squinting.]
1. To see or look obliquely, asquint, or awry, or with a furtive
glance.
Some can squint when they will. Bacon.
2. (Med.) To have the axes of the eyes not coincident; -- to be
cross-eyed.
3. To deviate from a true line; to run obliquely.
Squint
Squint, v. t.
1. To turn to an oblique position; to direct obliquely; as, to squint
an eye.
2. To cause to look with noncoincident optic axes.
He . . . squints the eye, and makes the harelid. Shak.
Squint
Squint, n.
1. The act or habit of squinting.
2. (Med.) A want of coincidence of the axes of the eyes; strabismus.
3. (Arch.) Same as Hagioscope.
Squinter
Squint"er (?), n. One who squints.
Squint-eye
Squint"-eye` (?), n. An eye that squints. Spenser.
Squint-eyed
Squint"-eyed` (?), a.
1. Having eyes that quint; having eyes with axes not coincident;
cross-eyed.
2. Looking obliquely, or asquint; malignant; as, squint-eyed praise;
squint-eyed jealousy.
Squintifego
Squint`i*fe"go (?), a. Squinting. [Obs. & R.]
Squinting
Squint"ing (?), a. & n. from Squint, v. -- Squint"ing*ly, adv.
Squiny
Squin"y (?), v. i. To squint. [Obs.] Shak.
Squinzey
Squin"zey (?), n. (Med.) See Quinsy. [Obs.]
Souir
Souir (?), v. t. To throw with a jerk; to throw edge foremost. [Obs.]
[Written also squirr.] Addison.
Squiralty
Squir"al*ty (?), n. Same as Squirarchy.
That such weight and influence be put thereby into the hands of the
squiralty of my kingdom. Sterne.
Squirarch
Squir"arch (?), n. [Squire + -arch.] One who belongs to the
squirarchy. -- Squir"arch*al (#), a.
Squirarchy
Squir"arch*y (?), n. [Squire + -archy.] The gentlemen, or gentry, of a
country, collectively. [Written also squirearchy.]
Squire
Squire (?), n. [OF. esquierre, F. \'82querre. See Square, n.] A
square; a measure; a rule. [Obs.] "With golden squire." Spenser.
Squire
Squire, n. [Aphetic form of esquire.]
1. A shield-bearer or armor-bearer who attended a knight.
2. A title of dignity next in degree below knight, and above
gentleman. See Esquire. [Eng.] "His privy knights and squires."
Chaucer.
3. A male attendant on a great personage; also (Colloq.), a devoted
attendant or follower of a lady; a beau.
4. A title of office and courtesy. See under Esquire.
Squire
Squire, v. t. [imp. & p. p. squired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. squiring.]
1. To attend as a squire. Chaucer.
2. To attend as a beau, or gallant, for aid and protection; as, to
squire a lady. [Colloq.] Goldsmith.
Squireen
Squir*een" (?), n. One who is half squire and half farmer; -- used
humorously. [Eng.] C. Kingsley.
Squirehood
Squire"hood (?), n. The rank or state of a squire; squireship. Swift.
squireling
squire"ling (?), n. A petty squire. Tennyson.
Squirely
Squire"ly, a. & adv. Becoming a squire; like a squire.
squireship
squire"ship, n. Squirehood.
Squirm
Squirm (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Squirmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Squirming.] [Cf. Swarm to climb a tree.] To twist about briskly with
contor
Squirr
Squirr (?), v. t. See Squir.
Squirrel
Squir"rel (? OR ?; 277), n. [OE. squirel, OF. esquirel, escurel, F.
\'82cureuil, LL. squirelus, squirolus, scuriolus, dim. of L. sciurus,
Gr. si`oyros; skia` shade + o'yra` tail. Cf. Shine, v. i.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small rodents belonging
to the genus Sciurus and several allied genera of the famly
Sciurid\'91. Squirrels generally have a bushy tail, large erect ears,
and strong hind legs. They are commonly arboreal in their habits, but
many species live in burrows.
NOTE: &hand; Among the common North American squirrels are the gray
squirrel (Scirius Carolinensis) and its black variety; the fox, or
cat, sqirrel (S. cinereus, or S. niger) which is a large species,
and variable in color, the southern variety being frequently black,
while the northern and western varieties are usually gray or rusty
brown; the red squirrel (see Chickaree); the striped, or chipping,
squirrel (see Chipmunk); and the California gray squirrel (S.
fossor). Several other species inhabit Mexico and Central America.
The common European species (Sciurus vulgaris) has a long tuft of
hair on each ear. the so-called Australian squirrels are
marsupials. See Petaurist, and Phalanger.
2. One of the small rollers of a carding machine which work with the
large cylinder.
Barking squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the prairie dog. -- Federation squirrel
(Zo\'94l.), the striped gopher. See Gopher, 2. -- Flying squirrel
(Zo\'94l.). See Flying squirrel, in the Vocabulary. -- Java squirrel
(Zo\'94l.). See Jelerang. -- Squirrel corn (Bot.), a North American
herb (Dicantra Canadensis) bearing little yellow tubers. -- Squirrel
cup (Bot.), the blossom of the Hepatica triloba, a low perennial herb
with cup-shaped flowers varying from purplish blue to pink or even
white. It is one of the earliest flowers of spring. -- Squirrel fish
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A sea bass (Serranus fascicularis) of the Southern
United States. (b) The sailor's choice (Diplodus rhomboides). (c) The
redmouth, or grunt. (d) A market fish of Bermuda (Holocentrum
Ascensione). -- Squirrel grass (Bot.), a pestiferous grass (Hordeum
murinum) related to barley. In California the stiffly awned spiklets
work into the wool of sheep, and into the throat, flesh, and eyes of
animals, sometimes even producing death. -- Squirrel hake (Zo\'94l.),
a common American hake (Phycis tenuis); -- called also white hake. --
Squirrel hawk (Zo\'94l.), any rough-legged hawk; especially, the
California species Archibuteo ferrugineus. -- Squirrel monkey.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of small, soft-haired South
American monkeys of the genus Calithrix. They are noted for their
graceful form and agility. See Teetee. (b) A marmoset. -- Squirrel
petaurus (Zo\'94l.), a flying phalanger of Australia. See Phalanger,
Petaurist, and Flying phalanger under Flying. -- Squirrel shrew
(Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of East Indian and Asiatic
insectivores of the genus Tupaia. They are allied to the shrews, but
have a bushy tail, like that of a squirrel. -- Squirrel-tail grass
(Bot.), a grass (Hordeum jubatum) found in salt marshes and along the
Great Lakes, having a dense spike beset with long awns.
Squirt
Squirt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Squirted; p. pr. & vb. n. Squirting.]
[Cf. LG. swirtjen to squirt, OSw. sqv\'84tta, E. squander.] To drive
or eject in a stream out of a narrow pipe or orifice; as, to squirt
water.
The hard-featured miscreant coolly rolled his tobacco in his cheek,
and squirted the juice into the fire grate. Sir W. Scott.
Squirting cucumber. (Bot.) See Ecballium.
Squirt
Squirt, v. i.
1. To be thrown out, or ejected, in a rapid stream, from a narrow
orifice; -- said of liquids.
2. Hence, to throw out or utter words rapidly; to prate. [Low]
L'Estrange.
Squirt
Squirt, n.
1. An instrument out of which a liquid is ejected in a small stream
with force. Young.
2. A small, quick stream; a jet. Bacon.
Squirter
Squirt"er (?), n. One who, or that which, squirts.
Squiry
Squir"y (?), n. [See Squiery.] The body of squires, collectively
considered; squirarchy. [Obs.]
The flower of chivalry and squiry. Ld. Berbers.
Squitch grass
Squitch" grass` (?). (Bot.) Quitch grass.
Squitee
Squi*tee" (?), n. [From the N. American Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) The
squeteague; -- called also squit.
Stab
Stab (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stabbing.]
[Cf. OD. staven to fix, fasten, fr. stave, staff, a staff, rod; akin
to G. stab a staff, stick, E. staff; also Gael. stob to stab, as n., a
stake, a stub. Cf. Staff.]
1. To pierce with a pointed weapon; to wound or kill by the thrust of
a pointed instrument; as, to stab a man with a dagger; also, to
thrust; as, to stab a dagger into a person.
2. Fig.: To injure secretly or by malicious falsehood or slander; as,
to stab a person's reputation.
Stab
Stab, v. i.
1. To give a wound with a pointed weapon; to pierce; to thrust with a
pointed weapon.
None shall dare With shortened sword to stab in closer war. Dryden.
2. To wound or pain, as if with a pointed weapon.
She speaks poniards, and every word stabs. Shak.
To stab at, to offer or threaten to stab; to thrust a pointed weapon
at.
Stab
Stab, n.
1. The thrust of a pointed weapon.
2. A wound with a sharp-pointed weapon; as, to fall by the stab an
assassin. Shak.
3. Fig.: An injury inflicted covertly or suddenly; as, a stab given to
character.
Stabat Mater
Sta"bat Ma"ter (?). [L., the mother was standing.] A celebrated Latin
hymn, beginning with these words, commemorating the sorrows of the
mother of our Lord at the foot of the cross. It is read in the Mass of
the Sorrows of the Virgin Mary, and is sung by Catholics when making
"the way of the cross" (Via Crucis). See Station, 7 (c).
Stabber
Stab"ber (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, stabs; a privy murderer.
2. (Naut.) A small marline spike; a pricker.
Stabbingly
Stab"bing*ly (?), adv. By stabbing; with intent to injure covertly.
Bp. Parker.
Stabiliment
Sta*bil"i*ment (?), n. [L. stabilimentum, fr.stabilire to make firm ir
stable, fr. stabilis. See Stable, a.] The act of making firm; firm
support; establishment. [R.] Jer. taylor.
They serve for stabiliment, propagation, and shade. Derham.
Stabilitate
Sta*bil"i*tate (?), v. t. [LL. stabilitatus, p.p. of stabilitare to
make stable.] To make stable; to establish. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Stability
Sta*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. stabilitas; cf. F. stabilit\'82. See Stable,
a.]
1. The state or quality of being stable, or firm; steadiness;
firmness; strength to stand without being moved or overthrown; as, the
stability of a structure; the stability of a throne or a constitution.
2. Steadiness or firmness of character, firmness of resolution or
purpose; the quality opposite to fickleness, irresolution, or
inconstancy; constancy; steadfastness; as, a man of little stability,
or of unusual stability.
3. Fixedness; -- as opposed to fluidity.
Since fluidness and stability are contary qualities. Boyle.
Syn. -- Steadiness; stableness; constancy; immovability; firmness.
Stable
Sta"ble (?), a. [OE. estable, F. stable, fr. L. stabilis, fr. stare to
stand. See Stand, v. i. and cf. Establish.]
1. Firmly established; not easily moved, shaken, or overthrown; fixed;
as, a stable government.
In this region of chance, . . . where nothing is stable. Rogers.
2. Steady in purpose; constant; firm in resolution; not easily
diverted from a purpose; not fickle or wavering; as, a man of stable
character.
And to her husband ever meek and stable. Chaucer.
3. Durable; not subject to overthrow or change; firm; as, a stable
foundation; a stable position.
Stable equibrium (Mech.), the kind of equilibrium of a body so placed
that if disturbed it returns to its former position, as in the case
when the center of gravity is below the point or axis of support; --
opposed to unstable equilibrium, in which the body if disturbed does
not tend to return to its former position, but to move farther away
from it, as in the case of a body supported at a point below the
center of gravity. Cf. Neutral equilibrium, under Neutral. Syn. --
Fixed; steady; constant; abiding; strong; durable; firm.
Stable
Sta"ble, v. t. To fix; to establish. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stable
Sta"ble, n. [OF. estable, F. \'82table, from L. stabulum, fr. stare to
stand. See Stand, v. i.] A house, shed, or building, for beasts to
lodge and feed in; esp., a building or apartment with stalls, for
horses; as, a horse stable; a cow stable. Milton. Stable fly
(Zo\'94l.), a common dipterous fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) which is
abundant about stables and often enters dwellings, especially in
autumn. These files, unlike the common house files, which they
resemble, bite severely, and are troublesome to horses and cattle.
Stable
Sta"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stabled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stabling
(?).] To put or keep in a stable.
Stable
Sta"ble, v. i. To dwell or lodge in a stable; to dwell in an inclosed
place; to kennel. Milton.
Stableboy, Stableman
Sta"ble*boy` (?), Sta"ble*man (?), n. A boy or man who attends in a
stable; a groom; a hostler.
Stableness
Sta"ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being stable, or firmly
established; stability.
Stabler
Sta"bler (?), n. A stable keeper. De Foe.
Stable stand
Sta"ble stand` (?). (O.Eng. Law) The position of a man who is found at
his standing in the forest, with a crossbow or a longbow bent, ready
to shoot at a deer, or close by a tree with greyhounds in a leash
ready to slip; -- one of the four presumptions that a man intends
stealing the king's deer. Wharton.
Stabling
Sta"bling (?), n.
1. The act or practice of keeping horses and cattle in a stable.
2. A building, shed, or room for horses and cattle.
Stablish
Stab"lish (?), v. t. [Aphetic form of establish.] To settle
permanently in a state; to make firm; to establish; to fix. [Obs.] 2
Sam. vii. 13.
Stablishment
Stab"lish*ment (?), n. Establishment. [Obs.]
Stably
Sta"bly (?), adv. In a stable manner; firmly; fixedly; steadily; as, a
government stably settled.
Stabulation
Stab`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. stabulatio, fr. stabulari to stable cattle,
fr. stabulum. See Stable, n.]
1. The act of stabling or housing beasts.
2. A place for lodging beasts; a stable. [Obs.]
Staccato
Stac*ca"to (?), a. [It., p.p. of staccere, equivalent to distaccare.
See Detach.]
1. (Mus.) Disconnected; separated; distinct; -- a direction to perform
the notes of a passage in a short, distinct, and pointed manner. It is
opposed to legato, and often indicated by heavy accents written over
or under the notes, or by dots when the performance is to be less
distinct and emphatic.
2. Expressed in a brief, pointed manner.
Staccato and peremptory [literary criticism]. G. Eliot.
Stack
Stack (?), a. [Icel. stakkr; akin to Sw. stack, Dan. stak. Sf. Stake.]
1. A large pile of hay, grain, straw, or the like, usually of a nearly
conical form, but sometimes rectangular or oblong, contracted at the
top to a point or ridge, and sometimes covered with thatch.
But corn was housed, and beans were in the stack. Cowper.
2. A pile of poles or wood, indefinite in quantity.
Against every pillar was a stack of billets above a man's height.
Bacon.
3. A pile of wood containing 108 cubic feet. [Eng.]
4. (Arch.) (a) A number of flues embodied in one structure, rising
above the roof. Hence: (b) Any single insulated and prominent
structure, or upright pipe, which affords a conduit for smoke; as, the
brick smokestack of a factory; the smokestack of a steam vessel. <--
(Computer programming) (a) A section of memory in a computer used for
temporary storage of data, in which the last datum stored is the first
retrieved. (b) A data structure within random-access memory used to
simulate a hardware stack, as, a push-down stack. -->
Stack of arms (Mil.), a number of muskets or rifles set up together,
with the bayonets crossing one another, forming a sort of conical
self-supporting pile.
Stack
Stack, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stacking.]
[Cf. Sw. stacka, Dan. stakke. See Stack, n.] To lay in a conical or
other pile; to make into a large pile; as, to stack hay, cornstalks,
or grain; to stack or place wood. To stack arms (Mil.), to set up a
number of muskets or rifles together, with the bayonets crossing one
another, and forming a sort of conical pile.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1399
Stackage
Stack"age (?), n.
1. Hay, gray, or the like, in stacks; things stacked. [R.]
2. A tax on things stacked. [R.] Holinshed.
Stacket
Stack"et (?), n. [Cf. F. estacade and E. stockade.] (Mil.) A stockade.
[Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Stack-guard
Stack"-guard` (?), n. A covering or protection, as a canvas, for a
stack.
Stacking
Stack"ing, a. & n. from Stack. Stacking band, Stacking belt, a band or
rope used in binding thatch or straw upon a stack. -- Stacking stage,
a stage used in building stacks.
Stackstand
Stack"stand` (?), n. A staging for supporting a stack of hay or grain;
a rickstand.
Stackyard
Stack"yard` (?), n. A yard or inclosure for stacks of hay or grain. A.
Smith.
Stacte
Stac"te (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. One of the sweet spices used by the
ancient Jews in the preparation of incense. It was perhaps an oil or
other form of myrrh or cinnamon, or a kind of storax. Ex. xxx. 34.
Staddle
Stad"dle (?), n. [AS. sta\'ebol, sra\'ebul, a foundation, firm seat;
akin to E. stand. \'fb163. See Stand, v. i.] [Formerly written
stadle.]
1. Anything which serves for support; a staff; a prop; a crutch; a
cane.
His weak steps governing And aged limbs on cypress stadle stout.
Spenser.
2. The frame of a stack of hay or grain. [Eng.]
3. A row of dried or drying hay, etc. [Eng.]
4. A small tree of any kind, especially a forest tree.
NOTE: &hand; In Am erica, tr ees are called staddles from the time
that they are three or four years old till they are six or eight
inches in diameter, or more. This is also the sense in which the
word is used by Bacon and Tusser.
Staddle
Stad"dle, v. t.
1. To leave the staddles, or saplings, of, as a wood when it is cut.
[R.] Tusser.
2. To form into staddles, as hay. [Eng.]
Stade
Stade (?), n. [Cf. F. stade.] A stadium. Donne.
Stade
Stade, n. [Cf. G. gestade shore.] A landing place or wharf. Knight.
Stadimeter
Sta*dim"e*ter (?), n. [Stadium + -meter.] A horizontal graduated bar
mounted on a staff, used as a stadium, or telemeter, for measuring
distances.
Stadium
Sta"di*um (?), n.; pl. Stadia (#). [L., a stadium (in sense 1), from
Gr.
1. A Greek measure of length, being the chief one used for itinerary
distances, also adopted by the Romans for nautical and astronomical
measurements. It was equal to 600 Greek or 625 Roman feet, or 125
Roman paces, or to 606 feet 9 inches English. This was also called the
Olympic stadium, as being the exact length of the foot-race course at
Olympia. Dr. W. Smith.
2. Hence, a race course; especially, the Olympic course for foot
races.
3. A kind of telemeter for measuring the distance of an object of
known dimensions, by observing the angle it subtends; especially
(Surveying), a graduated rod used to measure the distance of the place
where it stands from an instrument having a telescope, by observing
the number of the graduations of the rod that are seen between certain
parallel wires (stadia wires) in the field of view of the telescope;
-- also called stadia, and stadia rod.
Stadtholder
Stadt"hold`er (?), n. [D. stadhouder; stad a city, a town + houder a
holder.] Formerly, the chief magistrate of the United Provinces of
Holland; also, the governor or lieutenant governor of a province.
Stadtholderate, Stadtholdership
Stadt"hold`er*ate (?), Stadt"hold`er*ship (?), n. The office or
position of a stadtholder.
Stafette
Sta*fette" (?), n. [Cf. G. stafette. See Estafet.] An estafet. [R.]
arlyle.
Staff
Staff (?), n.; pl. Staves ( or Staffs (#) in senses 1-9, Staffs in
senses 10, 11. [AS. st\'91f a staff; akin to LG. & D. staf, OFries
stef, G. stab, Icel. stafr, Sw. staf, Dan. stav, Goth. stabs element,
rudiment, Skr. sth\'bepay to cause to stand, to place. See Stand, and
cf. Stab, Stave, n.]
1. A long piece of wood; a stick; the long handle of an instrument or
weapon; a pole or srick, used for many purposes; as, a surveyor's
staff; the staff of a spear or pike.
And he put the staves into the rings on the sides of the altar to
bear it withal. Ex. xxxviii. 7.
With forks and staves the felon to pursue. Dryden.
2. A stick carried in the hand for support or defense by a person
walking; hence, a support; that which props or upholds. "Hooked
staves." Piers Plowman.
The boy was the very staff of my age. Shak.
He spoke of it [beer] in "The Earnest Cry," and likewise in the
"Scotch Drink," as one of the staffs of life which had been struck
from the poor man's hand. Prof. Wilson.
3. A pole, stick, or wand borne as an ensign of authority; a badge of
office; as, a constable's staff.
Methought this staff, mine office badge in court, Was broke in
twain. Shak.
All his officers brake their staves; but at their return new staves
were delivered unto them. Hayward.
4. A pole upon which a flag is supported and displayed.
5. The round of a ladder. [R.]
I ascend at one [ladder] of six hundred and thirty-nine staves. Dr.
J. Campbell (E. Brown's Travels).
6. A series of verses so disposed that, when it is concluded, the same
order begins again; a stanza; a stave.
Cowley found out that no kind of staff is proper for an heroic
poem, as being all too lyrical. Dryden.
7. (Mus.) The five lines and the spaces on which music is written; --
formerly called stave.
8. (Mech.) An arbor, as of a wheel or a pinion of a watch.
9. (Surg.) The grooved director for the gorget, or knife, used in
cutting for stone in the bladder.
10. [From Staff, 3, a badge of office.] (Mil.) An establishment of
officers in various departments attached to an army, to a section of
an army, or to the commander of an army. The general's staff consists
of those officers about his person who are employed in carrying his
commands into execution. See \'90tat Major.
11. Hence: A body of assistants serving to carry into effect the plans
of a superintendant or manager; as, the staff of a newspaper.
Jacob's staff (Surv.), a single straight rod or staff, pointed and
iron-shod at the bottom, for penetrating the ground, and having a
socket joint at the top, used, instead of a tripod, for supporting a
compass. -- Staff angle (Arch.), a square rod of wood standing flush
with the wall on each of its sides, at the external angles of
plastering, to prevent their being damaged. -- The staff of life,
bread. "Bread is the staff of life." Swift. -- Staff tree (Bot.), any
plant of the genus Celastrus, mostly climbing shrubs of the northern
hemisphere. The American species (C. scandens) is commonly called
bittersweet. See 2d Bittersweet, 3 (b). -- To set, OR To put, up, OR
down, one's staff, to take up one's residence; to lodge. [Obs.]
Staffier
Staf"fi*er (?), n. An attendant bearing a staff. [Obs.] "Staffiers on
foot." Hudibras.
Staffish
Staff"ish (?), a. Stiff; harsh. [Obs.] Ascham.
Staffman
Staff"man (?), n.; pl. Staffmen (. A workman employed in silk
throwing.
Stag
Stag (?), n. [Icel. steggr the male of several animals; or a doubtful
AS. stagga. Cf. Steg.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The adult male of the red deer (Cervus elaphus), a
large European species closely related to the American elk, or wapiti.
(b) The male of certain other species of large deer.
2. A colt, or filly; also, a romping girl. [Prov. Eng.]
3. A castrated bull; -- called also bull stag, and bull seg. See the
Note under Ox.
4. (Stock Exchange) (a) An outside irregular dealer in stocks, who is
not a member of the exchange. [Cant] (b) One who applies for the
allotment of shares in new projects, with a view to sell immediately
at a premium, and not to hold the stock. [Cant]
5. (Zo\'94l.) The European wren. [Prov. Eng.]
Stag beetle (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of lamellicorn
beetles belonging to Lucanus and allied genera, especially L. cervus
of Europe and L. dama of the United States. The mandibles are large
and branched, or forked, whence the name. The lava feeds on the rotten
wood of dead trees. Called also horned bug, and horse beetle. -- Stag
dance, a dance by men only. [slang, U.S.] -- Stag hog (Zo\'94l.), the
babiroussa. -- Stag-horn coral (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species
of large branching corals of the genus Madrepora, which somewhat
resemble the antlers of the stag, especially Madrepora cervicornis,
and M. palmata, of Florida and the West Indies. -- Stag-horn fern
(Bot.), an Australian and West African fern (Platycerium alcicorne)
having the large fronds branched like a stag's horns; also, any
species of the same genus. -- Stag-horn sumac (Bot.), a common
American shrub (Rhus typhina) having densely velvety branchlets. See
Sumac. -- Stag party, a party consisting of men only. [Slang, U. S.]
-- Stag tick (Zo\'94l.), a parasitic dipterous insect of the family
Hippoboscid\'91, which lives upon the stag and in usually wingless.
The same species lives also upon the European grouse, but in that case
has wings.
Stag
Stag, v. i. (Com.) To act as a "stag", or irregular dealer in stocks.
[Cant]
Stag
Stag, v. t. To watch; to dog, or keep track of. [Prov. Eng. or Slang]
H. Kingsley.
Stage
Stage (?), n. [OF. estage, F. \'82tage, (assumed) LL. staticum, from
L. stare to stand. See Stand, and cf. Static.]
1. A floor or story of a house. [Obs.] Wyclif.
2. An elevated platform on which an orator may speak, a play be
performed, an exhibition be presented, or the like.
3. A floor elevated for the convenience of mechanical work, or the
like; a scaffold; a staging.
4. A platform, often floating, serving as a kind of wharf.
5. The floor for scenic performances; hence, the theater; the
playhouse; hence, also, the profession of representing dramatic
compositions; the drama, as acted or exhibited. <-- stars of stage and
screen -->
Knights, squires, and steeds, must enter on the stage. Pope.
Lo! Where the stage, the poor, degraded stage, Holds its warped
mirror to a gaping age. C. Sprague.
6. A place where anything is publicly exhibited; the scene of any
noted action or carrer; the spot where any remarkable affair occurs.
When we are born, we cry that we are come To this stage of fools.
Shak.
Music and ethereal mirth Wherewith the stage of air and earth did
ring. Miton.
7. The platform of a microscope, upon which an object is placed to be
viewed. See Illust. of Microscope.
8. A place of rest on a regularly traveled road; a stage house; a
station; a place appointed for a relay of horses.
9. A degree of advancement in a journey; one of several portions into
which a road or course is marked off; the distance between two places
of rest on a road; as, a stage of ten miles.
A stage . . . signifies a certain distance on a road. Jeffrey.
He traveled by gig, with his wife, his favorite horse performing
the journey by easy stages. Smiles.
10. A degree of advancement in any pursuit, or of progress toward an
end or result.
Such a polity is suited only to a particular stage in the progress
of society. Macaulay.
11. A large vehicle running from station to station for the
accomodation of the public; a stagecoach; an omnibus. "A parcel sent
you by the stage." Cowper.
I went in the sixpenny stage. Swift.
12. (Biol.) One of several marked phases or periods in the development
and growth of many animals and plants; as, the larval stage; pupa
stage; z\'d2a stage.
Stage box, a box close to the stage in a theater. -- Stage carriage, a
stagecoach. -- Stage door, the actor's and workmen's entrance to a
theater. -- Stage lights, the lights by which the stage in a theater
is illuminated. -- Stage micrometer, a graduated device applied to the
stage of a microscope for measuring the size of an object. -- Stage
wagon, a wagon which runs between two places for conveying passengers
or goods. -- Stage whisper, a loud whisper, as by an actor in a
theater, supposed, for dramatic effect, to be unheard by one or more
of his fellow actors, yet audible to the audience; an aside. <-- stage
of the game, [Colloq.] stage n. 10. -->
Stage
Stage (?), v. t. To exhibit upon a stage, or as upon a stage; to
display publicly. Shak.
Stagecoach
Stage"coach` (?), n. A coach that runs regularly from one stage,
station, or place to another, for the conveyance of passengers.
Stagecoachman
Stage"coach`man (?), n.; pl. Stagecoachmen (. One who drives a
stagecoach.
Stagehouse
Stage"house` (?), n. A house where a stage regularly stops for
passengers or a relay of horses.
Stagely
Stage"ly, a. Pertaining to a stage; becoming the theater; theatrical.
[Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Stageplay
Stage"play` (?), n. A dramatic or theatrical entertainment. Dryden.
Stageplayer
Stage"play`er (?), n. An actor on the stage; one whose occupation is
to represent characters on the stage; as, Garrick was a celebrated
stageplayer.
Stager
Sta"ger (?), n.
1. A player. [R.] B. Jonson.
2. One who has long acted on the stage of life; a practitioner; a
person of experience, or of skill derived from long experience. "You
will find most of the old stagers still stationary there." Sir W.
Scott.
3. A horse used in drawing a stage. [Colloq.]
Stagery
Sta"ger*y (?), n. Exhibition on the stage. [Obs.]
Stage-struck
Stage"-struck` (?), a. Fascinated by the stage; seized by a passionate
desire to become an actor.
Stag-evil
Stag"-e`vil (?), n. (Far.) A kind of palsy affecting the jaw of a
horse. Crabb.
Staggard
Stag"gard (?), n. [From Stag.] (Zo\'94l.) The male red deer when four
years old.
Stagger
Stag"ger (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Staggered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Staggering.] [OE. stakeren, Icel. stakra to push, to stagger, fr.
staka to punt, push, stagger; cf. OD. staggeren to stagger. Cf. Stake,
n.]
1. To move to one side and the other, as if about to fall, in standing
or walking; not to stand or walk with steadiness; to sway; to reel or
totter.
Deep was the wound; he staggered with the blow. Dryden.
2. To cease to stand firm; to begin to give way; to fail. "The enemy
staggers." Addison.
3. To begin to doubt and waver in purposes; to become less confident
or determined; to hesitate.
He [Abraham] staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief.
Rom. iv. 20.
Stagger
Stag"ger, v. t.
1. To cause to reel or totter.
That hand shall burn in never-quenching fire That staggers thus my
person. Shak.
2. To cause to doubt and waver; to make to hesitate; to make less
steady or confident; to shock.
Whosoever will read the story of this war will find himself much
stagered. Howell.
Grants to the house of Russell were so enormous, as not only to
outrage economy, but even to stagger credibility. Burke.
3. To arrange (a series of parts) on each side of a median line
alternately, as the spokes of a wheel or the rivets of a boiler seam.
Stagger
Stag"ger, n.
1. An unsteady movement of the body in walking or standing, as if one
were about to fall; a reeling motion; vertigo; -- often in the plural;
as, the stagger of a drunken man.
2. pl. (Far.) A disease of horses and other animals, attended by
reeling, unsteady gait or sudden falling; as, parasitic staggers;
appopletic or sleepy staggers.
3. pl. Bewilderment; perplexity. [R.] Shak.
Stomach staggers (Far.), distention of the stomach with food or gas,
resulting in indigestion, frequently in death.
Staggerbush
Stag"ger*bush` (?), n. (Bot.) An American shrub (Andromeda Mariana)
having clusters of nodding white flowers. It grows in low, sandy
places, and is said to poison lambs and calves. Gray.
Staggeringly
Stag"ger*ing*ly, adv. In a staggering manner.
Staggerwort
Stag"ger*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacob\'91a).
Stag-horn coral, Stag-horn fern
Stag"-horn` co"ral (?), Stag"-horn` fern` (?), etc.See under Stag.
Stag-horned
Stag"-horned` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the mandibles large and
palmate, or branched somewhat like the antlers of a stag; -- said of
certain beetles.
Staghound
Stag"hound` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large and powerful hound formerly
used in hunting the stag, the wolf, and other large animals. The breed
is nearly extinct.
Staging
Sta"ging (?), n. A structure of posts and boards for supporting
workmen, etc., as in building.
2. The business of running stagecoaches; also, the act of journeying
in stagecoaches.
Stagirite
Stag"i*rite (?), n. A native of, or resident in, Stagira, in ancient
Macedonia; especially, Aristotle. [Written also Stagyrite.]
Stagnancy
Stag"nan*cy (?), n. State of being stagnant.
Stagnant
Stag"nant (?), a. [L. stagnans, -antis, p.pr. of stagnare. See
Stagnate.]
1. That stagnates; not flowing; not running in a current or steam;
motionless; hence, impure or foul from want of motion; as, a stagnant
lake or pond; stagnant blood in the veins.
2. Not active or brisk; dull; as, business in stagnant.
That gloomy slumber of the stagnant soul. Johnson.
For him a stagnant life was not worth living. Palfrey.
Stagnantly
Stag"nant*ly, adv. In a stagnant manner.
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Stagnate
Stag"nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stagnated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stagnating.] [L. stagnatus, p.p. of stagnare to stagnate, make
stagnant, from stagnum a piece of standing water. See Stank a pool,
and cf. Stanch, v. t.]
1. To cease to flow; to be motionless; as, blood stagnates in the
veins of an animal; hence, to become impure or foul by want of motion;
as, air stagnates in a close room.
2. To cease to be brisk or active; to become dull or inactive; as,
commerce stagnates; business stagnates.
Ready-witted tenderness . . . never stagnates in vain lamentations
while there is any room for hope. Sir W. Scott.
Stagnate
Stag"nate (?), a. Stagnant. [Obs.] "A stagnate mass of vapors." Young.
Stagnation
Stag*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. stagnation.]
1. The condition of being stagnant; cessation of flowing or
circulation, as of a fluid; the state of being motionless; as, the
stagnation of the blood; the stagnation of water or air; the
stagnation of vapors.
2. The cessation of action, or of brisk action; the state of being
dull; as, the stagnation of business.
Stagworm
Stag"worm (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The larve of any species of botfly which
is parasitic upon the stag, as strus, or Hypoderma, act\'91on, which
burrows beneath the skin, and Cephalomyia auribarbis, which lives in
the nostrils.
Stahlian
Stahl"ian (?), a. Pertaining to, or taught by, Stahl, a German
physician and chemist of the 17th century; as, the Stahlian theory of
phlogiston.
Stahlian
Stahl"ian, n. A believer in, or advocate of, Stahlism.
Stahlism, Stahlianism
Stahl"ism (?), Stahl"ian*ism (?), n. The Stahlian theoru, that every
vital action is function or operation of the soul.
Stail
Stail (?), imp. & p. p. of Stay.
Staid
Staid, a. [From Stay to stop.] Sober; grave; steady; sedate; composed;
regular; not wild, volatile, or fanciful. "Sober and staid persons."
Addison.
O'erlaid with black, staid Wisdom's hue. Milton.
Syn. -- Sober; grave; steady; steadfast; composed; regular; sedate.
Staidly
Staid"ly, adv. In a staid manner, sedately.
Staidness
Staid"ness, n. The quality or state of being staid; seriousness;
steadiness; sedateness; regularity; -- the opposite of wildness, or
levity.
If sometimes he appears too gray, yet a secret gracefulness of
youth accompanies his writings, though the staidness and sobriety
of age wanting. Dryden.
Syn. -- Sobriety; gravity; steadiness; regularity; constancy;
firmness; stability; sedateness.
Stail
Stail (?), n. A handle, as of a mop; a stale. [Eng.]
Stain
Stain (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Staining.]
[Abbrev. fr. distain.]
1. To discolor by the application of foreign matter; to make foul; to
spot; as, to stain the hand with dye; armor stained with blood.
2. To color, as wood, glass, paper, cloth, or the like, by processess
affecting, chemically or otherwise, the material itself; to tinge with
a color or colors combining with, or penetrating, the substance; to
dye; as, to stain wood with acids, colored washes, paint rubbed in,
etc.; to stain glass.
3. To spot with guilt or infamy; to bring reproach on; to blot; to
soil; to tarnish.
Of honor void, Of innocence, of faith, of purity, Our wonted
ornaments now soiled and stained. Milton.
4. To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison.
She stains the ripest virgins of her age. Beau. & Fl.
That did all other beasts in beauty stain. Spenser.
Stained glass, glass colored or stained by certain metallic pigments
fused into its substance, -- often used for making ornament windows.
Syn. -- To paint; dye; blot; soil; sully; discolor; disgrace; taint.
-- Paint, Stain, Dye. These denote three different processes; the
first mechanical, the other two, chiefly chemical. To paint a thing is
so spread a coat of coloring matter over it; to stain or dye a thing
is to impart color to its substance. To stain is said chiefly of
solids, as wood, glass, paper; to dye, of fibrous substances, textile
fabrics, etc.; the one, commonly, a simple process, as applying a
wash; the other more complex, as fixing colors by mordants.
Stain
Stain, v. i. To give or receive a stain; to grow dim.
Stain
Stain, n.
1. A discoloration by foreign matter; a spot; as, a stain on a garment
or cloth. Shak.
2. A natural spot of a color different from the gound.
Swift trouts, diversified with crimson stains. Pope.
3. Taint of guilt; tarnish; disgrace; reproach.
Nor death itself can wholly wash their stains. Dryden.
Our opinion . . . is, I trust, without any blemish or stain of
heresy. Hooker.
4. Cause of reproach; shame. Sir P. Sidney.
5. A tincture; a tinge. [R.]
You have some stain of soldier in you. Shak.
Syn. -- Blot; spot; taint; pollution; blemish; tarnish; color;
disgrace; infamy; shame.
Stainer
Stain"er (?), n.
1. One who stains or tarnishes.
2. A workman who stains; as, a stainer of wood.
Stainless
Stain"less, a. Free from stain; immaculate. Shak.
The veery care he took to keep his name Stainless, with some was
evidence of shame. Crabbe.
Syn. -- Blameless; spotless; faultless. See Blameless.
Stainlessly
Stain"less*ly, adv. In a stainless manner.
Stair
Stair (?), n. [OE. steir, steyer, AS. st, from to ascend, rise.
&root;164. See Sty to ascend.]
1. One step of a series for ascending or descending to a different
level; -- commonly applied to those within a building.
2. A series of steps, as for passing from one story of a house to
another; -- commonly used in the plural; but originally used in the
singular only. "I a winding stair found." Chaucer's Dream.
Below stairs, in the basement or lower part of a house, where the
servants are. -- Flight of stairs, the stairs which make the whole
ascent of a story. -- Pair of stairs, a set or flight of stairs. --
pair, in this phrase, having its old meaning of a set. See Pair, n.,
1. -- Run of stars (Arch.), a single set of stairs, or section of a
stairway, from one platform to the next. -- Stair rod, a rod, usually
of metal, for holding a stair carpet to its place. -- Up stairs. See
Upstairs in the Vocabulary.
Staircase
Stair"case` (?), n. A flight of stairs with their supporting
framework, casing, balusters, etc.
To make a complete staircase is a curious piece of architecture.
Sir H. Wotton.
Staircase shell. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any scalaria, or wentletrap. (b) Any
species of Solarium, or perspective shell.
Stairhead
Stair"head` (?), n. The head or top of a staircase.
Stairway
Stair"way` (?), n. A flight of stairs or steps; a staircase. "A rude
and narrow stairway." Moore.
Staith
Staith (?), n. [AS. st\'91 a bank, shore, from the root of E. stead.]
A landing place; an elevated staging upon a wharf for discharging
coal, etc., as from railway cars, into vessels.
Staithman
Staith"man (?), n. A man employed in weighing and shipping at a
staith. [Eng.]
Stake
Stake (?), n. [AS. staca, from the root of E. stick; akin to OFries. &
LG. stake, D. staak, Sw. stake, Dan. stage. See Stick, v. t., and cf.
Estacade, Stockade.]
1. A piece of wood, usually long and slender, pointed at one end so as
to be easily driven into the ground as a support or stay; as, a stake
to support vines, fences, hedges, etc.
A sharpened stake strong Dryas found. Dryden.
2. A stick inserted upright in a lop, eye, or mortise, at the side or
end of a cart, a flat car, or the like, to prevent goods from falling
off.
3. The piece of timber to which a martyr was affixed to be burned;
hence, martyrdom by fire.
4. A small anvil usually furnished with a tang to enter a hole in a
bench top, -- used by tinsmiths, blacksmiths, etc., for light work,
punching upon, etc.
5. That which is laid down as a wager; that which is staked or
hazarded; a pledge.
At stake, in danger; hazarded; pledged. "I see my reputation is at
stake." Shak.
Stake
Stake, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Staked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Staking.]
1. To fasten, support, or defend with stakes; as, to stake vines or
plants.
2. To mark the limits of by stakes; -- with out; as, to stake out
land; to stake out a new road.
3. To put at hazard upon the issue of competition, or upon a future
contingency; to wager; to pledge.
I'll stake yon lamb, that near the fountain plays. Pope.
4. To pierce or wound with a stake. Spectator.
Stake-driver
Stake"-driv`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The common American bittern
(Botaurus lentiginosus); -- so called because one of its notes
resembles the sound made in driving a stake into the mud. Called also
meadow hen, and Indian hen.
Stakehead
Stake"head` (?), n. (Rope making) A horizontal bar on a stake, used
for supporting the yarns which are kept apart by pins in the bar.
Stakeholder
Stake"hold`er (?), n. The holder of a stake; one with whom the bets
are deposited when a wager is laid.
Staktometer
Stak*tom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] A drop measurer; a glass tube
tapering to a small orifice at the point, and having a bulb in the
middle, used for finding the number of drops in equal quantities of
different liquids. See Pipette. Sir D. Brewster.
Stal
Stal (?), obs. imp. of Steal. Stole.
Stalactic, Stalactical
Sta*lac"tic (?), Sta*lac"tic*al (?), a. (Geol.) Stalactic.
Stalactoform
Sta*lac"to*form (?), a. Like a stalactite; resembling a stalactite.
Stalactite
Sta*lac"tite (?), n.; pl. Stalactites (#). [Gr. stalactite.] (Geol.)
(a) A pendent cone or cylinder of calcium carbonate resembling an
icicle in form and mode of attachment. Stalactites are found depending
from the roof or sides of caverns, and are produced by deposition from
waters which have percolated through, and partially dissolved, the
overlying limestone rocks. (b) In an extended sense, any mineral or
rock of similar form and origin; as, a stalactite of lava.
Stalactites
Stal`ac*ti"tes (?), n. [NL.] A stalactite. [Obs.] Woodward.
Stalactitic, Stalactitical
Stal`ac*tit"ic (?), Stal`ac*tit"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. stalactitique.]
(Geol.) Of or pertaining to a stalactite; having the form or
characters of a stalactite; stalactic.
Stalactitiform
Stal`ac*tit"i*form (?), a. Having the form of a stalactite;
stalactiform.
Stalagmite
Sta*lag"mite (?), n. [Gr. stalagmite.] (Geol.) A deposit more or less
resembling an inverted stalactite, formed by calcareous water dropping
on the floors of caverns; hence, a similar deposit of other material.
Stalagmitic, Stalagmitical
Stal`ag*mit"ic (?), Stal`ag*mit"ic*al (?), a. Having the form or
structure of stalagmites. -- Stal`ag*mit"ic*al*ly, adv.
Stalder
Stal"der (?), n. [From the root of stall.] A wooden frame to set casks
on. [Prov. Eng.]
Stale
Stale (?), n. [OE. stale, stele, AS. st\'91l, stel; akin to LG. & D.
steel, G. stiel; cf. L. stilus stake, stalk, stem, Gr. stall, stalk,
n.] The stock or handle of anything; as, the stale of a rake. [Written
also steal, stele, etc.]
But seeling the arrow's stale without, and that the head did go No
further than it might be seen. Chapman.
Stale
Stale, a. [Akin to stale urine, and to stall, n.; probably from Low
German or Scandinavian. Cf. Stale, v. i.]
1. Vapid or tasteless from age; having lost its life, spirit, and
flavor, from being long kept; as, stale beer.
2. Not new; not freshly made; as, stele bread.
3. Having lost the life or graces of youth; worn out; decayed. "A
stale virgin." Spectator.
4. Worn out by use or familiarity; having lost its novelty and power
of pleasing; trite; common. Swift.
Wit itself, if stale is less pleasing. Grew.
How weary, stale flat, and unprofitable Seem to me all the uses of
this world! Shak.
Stale affidavit (Law), an affidavit held above a year. Craig. -- Stale
demand (Law), a claim or demand which has not been pressed or demanded
for a long time.
Stale
Stale, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Staled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Staling.] To
make vapid or tasteless; to destroy the life, beauty, or use of; to
wear out.
Age can not wither her, nor custom stale Her infinite variety.
Shak.
Stale
Stale, v. i. [Akin to D. & G. stallen, Dan. stalle, Sw. stalla, and E.
stall a stable. Stall, n., and cf. Stale, a.] To make water; to
discharge urine; -- said especially of horses and cattle. Hudibras.
Stale
Stale, n. [See Stale, a. & v. i.]
1. That which is stale or worn out by long keeping, or by use. [Obs.]
2. A prostitute. [Obs.] Shak.
3. Urine, esp. that of beasts. "Stale of horses." Shak.
Stale
Stale, n. [Cf. OF. estal place, position, abode, market, F. \'82tal a
butcher's stall, OHG. stal station, place, stable, G. stall (see
Stall, n.); or from OE. stale theft, AS. stalu (see Steal, v. t.)]
1. Something set, or offered to view, as an allurement to draw others
to any place or purpose; a decoy; a stool pigeon. [Obs.]
Still, as he went, he crafty stales did lay. Spenser.
2. A stalking-horse. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
3. (Chess) A stalemate. [Obs.] Bacon.
4. A laughingstock; a dupe. [Obs.] Shak.
Stalely
Stale"ly, adv.
1. In a state stale manner.
2. Of old; long since. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Stalemate
Stale"mate` (?), n. (Chess) The position of the king when he can not
move without being placed on check and there is no other piece which
can be moved.
Stalemate
Stale"mate`, v. t. (Chess) To subject to a stalemate; hence, to bring
to a stand.
Staleness
Stale"ness, n. The quality or state of being stale.
Stalk
Stalk (?), n. [OE. stalke, fr. AS. st\'91l, stel, a stalk. See Stale a
handle, Stall.]
1. (Bot.) (a) The stem or main axis of a plant; as, a stalk of wheat,
rye, or oats; the stalks of maize or hemp. (b) The petiole, pedicel,
or peduncle, of a plant.
2. That which resembes the stalk of a plant, as the stem of a quill.
Grew.
3. (Arch.) An ornament in the Corinthian capital resembling the stalk
of a plant, from which the volutes and helices spring.
4. One of the two upright pieces of a ladder. [Obs.]
To climd by the rungs and the stalks. Chaucer.
5. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A stem or peduncle, as of certain barnacles and
crinoids. (b) The narrow basal portion of the abdomen of a
hymenopterous insect. (c) The peduncle of the eyes of decapod
crustaceans.
6. (Founding) An iron bar with projections inserted in a core to
strengthen it; a core arbor.
Stalk borer (Zo\'94l.), the larva of a noctuid moth (Gortyna nitela),
which bores in the stalks of the raspberry, strawberry, tomato,
asters, and many other garden plants, often doing much injury.
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Page 1401
Stalk
Stalk, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stalked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stalking.]
[AS. st\'91lcan, stealcian to go slowly; cf. stels high, elevated,
Dan. stalke to stalk; probably akin to 1st stalk.]
1. To walk slowly and cautiously; to walk in a stealthy, noiseless
manner; -- sometimes used with a reflexive pronoun. Shak.
Into the chamber he stalked him full still. Chaucer.
[Bertran] stalks close behind her, like a witch's fiend, Pressing
to be employed. Dryden.
2. To walk behind something as a screen, for the purpose of
approaching game; to proceed under clover.
The king . . . crept under the shoulder of his led horse; . . . "I
must stalk," said he. Bacon.
One underneath his horse, to get a shoot doth stalk. Drayton.
3. To walk with high and proud steps; usually implying the affectation
of dignity, and indicating dislike. The word is used, however,
especially by the poets, to express dignity of step.
With manly mien he stalked along the ground. Dryden.
Then stalking through the deep, He fords the ocean. Addison.
I forbear myself from entering the lists in which he has long
stalked alone and unchallenged. Mericale.
Stalk
Stalk (?), v. t. To approach under cover of a screen, or by stealth,
for the purpose of killing, as game.
As for shooting a man from behind a wall, it is cruelly like to
stalking a deer. Sir W. Scott.
Stalk
Stalk, n. A high, proud, stately step or walk.
Thus twice before, . . . With martial stalk hath he gone by our
watch. Shak.
The which with monstrous stalk behind him stepped. Spenser.
Stalked
Stalked (?), a. Having a stalk or stem; borne upon a stem. Stalked
barnacle (Zo\'94l.), a goose barnacle, or anatifer; -- called also
stalk barnacle. -- Stalked crinoid (Zo\'94l.), any crinoid having a
jointed stem.
Stalker
Stalk"er (?), n.
1. One who stalks.
2. A kind of fishing net.
Stalk-eyed
Stalk"-eyed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the eyes raised on a stalk, or
peduncle; -- opposed to sessile-eyed. Said especially of
podophthalmous crustaceans. Stalked-eyed crustaceans. (Zo\'94l.) See
Podophthalmia.
Stalking-horse
Stalk"ing-horse (?), n.
1. A horse, or a figure resembling a horse, behind which a hunter
conceals himself from the game he is aiming to kill.
2. Fig.: Something used to cover up a secret project; a mask; a
pretense.
Hypocrisy is the devil's stalking-horse under an affectation of
simplicity and religion. L'Estrange.
How much more abominable is it to make of him [Christ] and religion
a stalking-horse, to get and enjoy the world! Bunyan.
Stalkless
Stalk"less, a. Having no stalk.
Stalky
Stalk"y (?), a. Hard as a stalk; resembling a stalk.
At the top [it] bears a great stalky head. Mortimer.
Stall
Stall (?), n. [OE. stal, AS. steall, stall, a place, seat, or station,
a stable; akin to D. & OHG. stal, G. & Sw. stall, stallr, Dan. stald,
originally, a standing place; akin to G. selle a place, stellen to
place, Gr. stand. Stand, and cf. Apostle, Epistle, Forestall, Install,
Stale, a. & v. i., 1st Stalk, Stallion, Still.]
1. A stand; a station; a fixed spot; hence, the stand or place where a
horse or an ox kept and fed; the division of a stable, or the
compartment, for one horse, ox, or other animal. "In an oxes stall."
Chaucer.
2. A stable; a place for cattle.
At last he found a stall where oxen stood. Dryden.
3. A small apartment or shed in which merchandise is exposed for sale;
as, a butcher's stall; a bookstall.
4. A bench or table on which small articles of merchandise are exposed
for sale.
How peddlers' stalls with glittering toys are laid. Gay.
5. A seat in the choir of a church, for one of the officiating clergy.
It is inclosed, either wholly or partially, at the back and sides. The
stalls are frequently very rich, with canopies and elaborate carving.
The dignifird clergy, out of humanility, have called their thrones
by the names of stalls. Bp. Warburton.
Loud the monks in their stalls. Longfellow.
6. In the theater, a seat with arms or otherwise partly inclosed, as
distinguished from the benches, sofas, etc.
7. (Mining) The space left by excavation between pillars. See Post and
stall, under Post.
Stall reader, one who reads books at a stall where they are exposed
for sale.
Cries the stall reader, "Bless us! what a word on
A titlepage is this!" Milton.
Stall
Stall, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stalled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stalling.]
[Cf. Sw. stalla, Dan. stalde.]
1. To put into a stall or stable; to keep in a stall or stalls; as,
to stall an ox.
Where King Latinus then his oxen stalled.
Dryden.
2. To fatten; as, to stall cattle. [Prov. Eng.]
3. To place in an office with the customary formalities; to
install. Shak.
4. To plunge into mire or snow so as not to be able to get on; to
set; to fix; as, to stall a cart. Burton.
His horses had been stalled in the snow. E. E. Hale.
5. To forestall; to anticipitate. Having
This not to be stall'd by my report. Massinger.
6. To keep close; to keep secret. [Obs.]
Stall this in your bosom. Shak.
Stall
Stall, v. i. [AS. steallian to have room. See Stall, n.]
1. To live in, or as in, a stall; to dwell. [Obs.]
We could not stall together In the whole world. Shak.
2. To kennel, as dogs. Johnson.
3. To be set, as in mire or snow; to stick fast.
4. To be tired of eating, as cattle. [Prov. Eng.]
Stallage
Stall"age (?), n. [Cf. OF.estallange, of German origin. See Stall,
n. ]
1. (Eng. Law) The right of erecting a stalls in fairs; rent paid
for a stall.
2. Dung of cattle or horses, mixed with straw. [Obs.]
Stallation
Stal*la"tion (?), n. Installation. [Obs.]
Stalled
Stalled (?), a. Put or kept in a stall; hence, fatted. "A stalled
ox." Prov. xv. 17.
Staller
Stall"er (?), n. A standard bearer. obtaining Fuller.
Stall-feed
Stall"-feed (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stall-fed (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Stall-feeding.] To feed and fatten in a stall or on dry fodder; as,
to stall-feed an ox.
Stalling
Stall"ing (?), n. Stabling. Tennyson.
Stallion
Stal"lion (?), n. [OE. stalon, OF. estalon, F. \'82talon, fr. OHG.
stal a stable. See Stall, n.] A male horse not castrated; a male
horse kept for breeding.
Stallman
Stall"man (?), n.; pl. Stallmen (. One who keeps a stall for the
sale of merchandise, especially books. Sterne.
Stallon
Stal"lon (?), n. A slip from a plant; a scion; a cutting. [R.]
Holished.
Stalwart, Stalworth
Stal"wart (?), Stal"worth (?), a. [OE. stalworth, AS.
st\'91lwyr\'eb serviceable, probably originally, good at stealing,
or worth stealing or taking, and afterwards extended to other
causes of estimation. See Steal, v. t., Worth, a.] Brave; bold;
strong; redoubted; daring; vehement; violent. "A stalwart tiller of
the soil." Prof. Wilson.
Fair man be was and wise, stalworth and bold. R. of Brunne.
NOTE: &hand; Stalworth is now disused, or bur little used, stalwart
having taken its place.
Stalwartly
Stal"wart*ly (?), adv. In a stalwart manner.
Stalwartness
Stal"wart*ness, n. The quality of being stalwart.
Stalworthhood, Stalworthness
Stal"worth*hood (?), Stal"worth*ness (, n. The quality or state of
being stalworth; stalwartness; boldness; daring. [Obs.]
Stamen
Sta"men (?), n.; pl. E. Stamens (#) (used only in the second
sense); L. Stamina (#) (in the first sense). [L. stamen the warp, a
thread, fiber, akin to Gr. stand. See Stand, and cf. Stamin,
Stamina.]
1. A thread; especially, a warp thread.
2. (pl. Stamens, rarely Stamina.) (Bot.) The male organ of flowers
for secreting and furnishing the pollen or fecundating dust. It
consists of the anther and filament.
Stamened
Sta"mened (?), a. Furnished with stamens.
Stamin
Sta"min (?), n. [OF. estamine, F. \'82tamine, LL. staminea,
stamineum, fr. L. stamineus consisting of threads, fr. stamen a
thread. See Stamen, and cf. Stamineous, 2d Stammel, Tamine.] A kind
of woolen cloth. [Written also stamine.] [Obs.]
Stamina
Stam"i*na (?), n. pl. See Stamen.
Stamina
Stam"i*na, n. pl.
1. The fixed, firm part of a body, which supports it or gives it
strength and solidity; as, the bones are the stamina of animal
bodies; the ligneous parts of trees are the stamina which
constitute their strength.
2. Whatever constitutes the principal strength or support of
anything; power of endurance; backbone; vigor; as, the stamina of a
constitution or of life; the stamina of a State.
He succeeded to great captains who had sapped the whole stamina and
resistance of the contest. De Quincey.
Staminal
Stam"i*nal (?), a. [Cf. F. staminal.] Of or pertaining to stamens
or stamina; consisting in stamens.
Staminate
Stam"i*nate (?), a. [L. staminatus consisting of threads, fr.
stamen thread: cf. F. stamin\'82.] (Bot.) (a) Furnished with
stamens; producing stamens. (b) Having stamens, but lacking
pistils.
Staminate
Stam"i*nate (?), v. t. To indue with stamina. [R.]
Stamineal, Stamineous
Sta*min"e*al (?), Sta*min"e*ous (?), a. [L. stamineus, from stamen
thread.]
1. Consisting of stamens or threads.
2. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the stamens; possessing stamens;
also, attached to the stamens; as, a stamineous nectary.
Staminiferous
Stam`i*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Stamen + -ferous.] Bearing or having
stamens.
Staminode
Stam"i*node (?), n. (Bot.) A staminodium.
Staminodium
Stam`i*no"di*um (?), n.; pl. Staminodia (#). [NL. See Stamen, and
-oid.] (Bot.) An abortive stamen, or any organ modified from an
abortive stamen.
Stammel
Stam"mel (?), n. A large, clumsy horse. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
Stammel
Stam"mel, n. [OF. estamel; cf. OF. estamet a coarse woolen cloth,
LL. stameta a kind of cloth, the same as staminea, and OF. estame a
woolen stuff. See Stamin.]
1. A kind of woolen cloth formerly in use. It seems to have been
often of a red color. [Obs.]
2. A red dye, used in England in the 15th and 16th centuries. B.
Jonson.
Stammel
Stam"mel, a. Of the color of stammel; having a red color, thought
inferior to scarlet.
Stammer
Stam"mer (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stammered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stammering.] [OE. stameren, fr. AS. stamur, stamer, stammering;
akin to D. & LG. stameren to stammer, G. stammeln, OHG. stammal,
stamm, Dan. stamme, Sw. stamma, Icel. stama, stamma, OHG. & Dan.
stam stammering, Icel. stamr, Goth. stamms, and to G. stemmen to
bear against, stumm dumb, D. stom. Cf. Stem to resist, Stumble.] To
make involuntary stops in uttering syllables or words; to hesitate
or falter in speaking; to speak with stops and diffivulty; to
stutter.
I would thou couldst stammer, that thou mightest pour this conclead
man out of thy mouth, as wine comes out of a narrow-mouthed bottle,
either too much at once, or none at all. Shak.
Stammer
Stam"mer (?), v. t. To utter or pronounce with hesitation or
imperfectly; -- sometimes with out.
Stammer
Stam"mer, n. Defective utterance, or involuntary interruption of
utterance; a stutter.
Stammerer
Stam"mer*er (?), n. One who stammers.
Stammering
Stam"mer*ing, a. Apt to stammer; hesitating in speech; stuttering.
-- Stam"mer*ing*ly, adv.
Stammering
Stam"mer*ing, n. (Physiol.) A disturbance in the formation of
sounds. It is due essentially to long-continued spasmodic
contraction of the diaphragm, by which expiration is preented, and
hence it may be considered as a spasmodic inspiration.
Stamp
Stamp (?) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stamped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stamping.] [OE. stampen; akin to LG. & D. stampen, G. stampfen,
OHG. stanpf, Dan. stampe, Sw. stampa, Icel. stappa, G. stampf a
pestle and E. step. See Step, v. i., and cf. Stampede.]
1. To strike beat, or press forcibly with the bottom of the foot,
or by thrusting the foot downward. Shak.
He frets, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the ground. Dryden.
2. To bring down (the foot) forcibly on the ground or floor; as, he
stamped his foot with rage.
3. To crush; to pulverize; specifically (Metal.), to crush by the
blow of a heavy stamp, as ore in a mill.
I took your sin, the calf which ye had made, and burnt it with
fire, and stamped it, and ground it very small. Deut. ix. 21.
4. To impress with some mark or figure; as, to stamp a plate with
arms or initials.
5. Fig.: To impress; to imprint; to fix deeply; as, to stamp
virtuous principles on the heart.
God . . . has stamped no original characters on our minds wherein
we may read his being. Locke.
6. To cut out, bend, or indent, as paper, sheet metal, etc., into
various forms, by a blow or suddenly applied pressure with a stamp
or die, etc.; to mint; to coin.
7. To put a stamp on, as for postage; as, to stamp a letter; to
stamp a legal document.
To stamp out
, to put an end to by sudden and energetic action; to extinguish;
as, to stamp out a rebellion.
Stamp
Stamp, v. i.
1. To strike; to beat; to crush.
These cooks how they stamp and strain and grind. Chaucer.
2. To strike the foot forcibly downward.
But starts, exclaims, and stamps, and raves, and dies. dennis.
Stamp
Stamp, n.
1. The act of stamping, as with the foot.
2. The which stamps; any instrument for making impressions on other
bodies, as a die.
'T is gold so pure It can not bear the stamp without alloy. Dryden.
3. The mark made by stamping; a mark imprinted; an impression.
That sacred name gives ornament and grace, And, like his stamp,
makes basest metals pass. Dryden.
4. that which is marked; a thing stamped.
hanging a golden stamp about their necks. Shak.
5. [F. estampe, of german origin. See Stamp, v. t.] A picture cut
in wood or metal, or made by impression; a cut; a plate. [Obs.]
At Venice they put out very curious stamps of the several edifices
which are most famous for their beauty and magnificence. Addison.
6. An offical mark set upon things chargeable with a duty or tax to
government, as evidence that the duty or tax is paid; as, the stamp
on a bill of exchange.
7. Hence, a stamped or printed device, issued by the government at
a fixed price, and required by law to be affixed to, or stamped on,
certain papers, as evidence that the government dues are paid; as,
a postage stamp; a receipt stamp, etc.
8. An instrument for cutting out, or shaping, materials, as paper,
leather, etc., by a downward pressure.
9. A character or reputation, good or bad, fixed on anything as if
by an imprinted mark; current value; authority; as, these persons
have the stamp of dishonesty; the Scriptures bear the stamp of a
divine origin.
Of the same stamp is that which is obtruded on us, that an adamant
suspends the attraction of the loadstone. Sir T. Browne.
10. Make; cast; form; character; as, a man of the same stamp, or of
a different stamp.
A soldier of this season's stamp. Shak.
11. A kind of heavy hammer, or pestle, raised by water or steam
power, for beating ores to powder; anything like a pestle, used for
pounding or bathing.
12. A half-penny. [Obs.] au. & Fl.
13. pl. Money, esp. paper money. [Slang, U.S.]
Stamp act, an act of the British Parliament [1765] imposing a duty on
all paper, vellum, and parchment used in the American colonies, and
declaring all writings on unstamped materials to be null an void. --
Stamp collector, an officer who receives or collects stamp duties; one
who collects postage or other stamps. -- Stamp duty, a duty, or tax,
imposed on paper and parchment used for certain writings, as deeds,
conveyances, etc., the evidence of the payment of the duty or tax
being a stamp. [Eng.] -- Stamp hammer, a hammer, worked by power,
which rises and falls vertically, like a stamp in a stamp mill. --
Stamp head, a heavy mass of metal, forming the head or lower end of a
bar, which is lifted and let fall, in a stamp mill. -- Stamp mill
(Mining), a mill in which ore is crushed with stamps; also, a machine
for stamping ore. -- Stamp note, a stamped certificate from a
customhouse officer, which allows goods to be received by the captain
of a ship as freight. [Eng.] -- Stamp office, an office for the issue
of stamps and the reception of stamp duties.
Stampede
Stam*pede" (?), n. [Sp. estampida (in America) a stampede, estampido a
crackling, akin to estampar to stamp, of German origin. See Stamp, v.
t.] A wild, headlong scamper, or running away, of a number of animals;
usually caused by fright; hence, any sudden flight or dispersion, as
of a crowd or an army in consequence of a panic.
She and her husband would join in the general stampede. W. Black.
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Stampede
Stam*pede" (?), v. i. To run away in a panic; -- said droves of
cattle, horses, etc., also of armies.
Stampede
Stam*pede", v. t. To disperse by causing sudden fright, as a herd or
drove of animals.
Stamper
Stamp"er (?), n.
1. One who stamps.
2. An instrument for pounding or stamping.
Stamping
Stamp"ing, a. & n. from Stamp, v. Stamping ground, a place frequented,
and much trodden, by animals, wild or domesticated; hence (Colloq.),
the scene of one's labors or exploits; also, one's favorite resort.
[U.S.] -- Stamping machine, a machine for forming metallic articles or
impressions by stamping. -- Stamping mill (Mining), a stamp mill.
Stance
Stance (?), n. [OF. estance. See Stanza.]
1. A stanza. [Obs.] Chapman.
2. A station; a position; a site. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Stanch
Stanch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stanched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stanching.] [OF. estanchier, F. \'82tancher to stpo a liquid from
flowing; akin to Pr., Sp., & Pg. estancar, It. stancare to weary, LL.
stancare, stagnare, to stanch, fr. L. stagnare to be or make stagnant.
See Stagnate.]
1. To stop the flowing of, as blood; to check; also, to stop the
flowing of blood from; as, to stanch a wound. [Written also staunch.]
Iron or a stone laid to the neck doth stanch the bleeding of the
nose. Bacon.
2. To extinguish; to quench, as fire or thirst. [Obs.]
Stanch
Stanch, v. i. To cease, as the flowing of blood.
Immediately her issue of blood stanched. Luke viii. 44.
Stanch
Stanch, n.
1. That which stanches or checks. [Obs.]
2. A flood gate by which water is accumulated, for floating a boat
over a shallow part of a stream by its release. Knight.
Stanch
Stanch, a. [Compar. Stancher (?); superl. Stanchest.] [From Stanch, v.
t., and hence literally signifying, stopped or stayed; cf. Sp. estanco
stopped, tight, not leaky, as a ship. See Stanch, v. t.] [Written also
staunch.]
1. Strong and tight; sound; firm; as, a stanch ship.
One of the closets is parqueted with plain deal, set in diamond,
exceeding stanch and pretty. Evelyn.
2. Firm in principle; constant and zealous; loyal; hearty; steady;
steadfast; as, a stanch churchman; a stanch friend or adherent. V.
Knox.
In politics I hear you 're stanch. Prior.
3. Close; secret; private. [Obs.]
This to be kept stanch. Locke.
Stanch
Stanch, v. t. To prop; to make stanch, or strong.
His gathered sticks to stanch the wall Of the snow tower when snow
should fall. Emerson.
Stanchel
Stan"chel (?), n. A stanchion.
Stancher
Stanch"er (?), n. One who, or that which, stanches, or stops, the
flowing, as of blood.
Stanchion
Stan"chion (?), n. [OF. estanson, estan\'87on, F. \'82tan\'87on, from
OF. estance a stay, a prop, from L. stans, stantis, standing, p.pr. of
stare to stand. See Stand, and cf. Stanza.] [Written also stanchel.]
1. (Arch.) A prop or support; a piece of timber in the form of a stake
or post, used for a support or stay.
2. (Naut.) Any upright post or beam used as a support, as for the
deck, the quarter rails, awnings, etc.
3. A vertical bar for confining cattle in a stall.
Stanchless
Stanch"less (?), a.
1. Incapable of being stanched, or stopped.
2. Unquenchable; insatiable. [Obs.] Shak.
Stanchly
Stanch"ly, adv. In a stanch manner.
Stanchness
Stanch"ness, n. The quality or state of being stanch.
Stand
Stand (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stood (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Standing.]
[OE. standen; AS. standan; akin to OFries. stonda, st\'ben, D. staan,
OS. standan, st\'ben, G. stehen, Icel. standa, Dan. staae, Sw. st\'86,
Goth. standan, Russ. stoiate, L. stare, Gr. sth\'be. \'fb163. Cf.
Assist, Constant, Contrast, Desist, Destine, Ecstasy, Exist,
Interstice, Obstacle, Obstinate, Prest, n., Rest remainder, Soltice,
Stable, a. & n., State, n., Statute, Stead, Steed, Stool, Stud of
horses, Substance, System.]
1. To be at rest in an erect position; to be fixed in an upright or
firm position; as: (a) To be supported on the feet, in an erect or
nearly erect position; -- opposed to lie, sit, kneel, etc. "I pray you
all, stand up!" Shak. (b) To continue upright in a certain locality,
as a tree fixed by the roots, or a building resting on its foundation.
It stands as it were to the ground yglued. Chaucer.
The ruined wall Stands when its wind worn battlements are gone.
Byron.
2. To occupy or hold a place; to have a situation; to be situated or
located; as, Paris stands on the Seine.
Wite ye not where there stands a little town? Chaucer.
3. To cease from progress; not to proceed; to stop; to pause; to halt;
to remain stationary.
I charge thee, stand, And tell thy name. Dryden.
The star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it
came and stood over where the young child was. Matt. ii. 9.
4. To remain without ruin or injury; to hold good against tendencies
to impair or injure; to be permanent; to endure; to last; hence, to
find endurance, strength, or resources.
My mind on its own center stands unmoved. Dryden.
5. To maintain one's ground; to be acquitted; not to fail or yield; to
be safe.
Readers by whose judgment I would stand or fall. Spectator.
6. To maintain an invincible or permanent attitude; to be fixed,
steady, or firm; to take a position in resistance or opposition. "The
standing pattern of their imitation." South.
The king granted the Jews . . . to gather themselves together, and
to stand for their life. Esther viii. 11.
7. To adhere to fixed principles; to maintain moral rectitude; to keep
from falling into error or vice.
We must labor so as to stand with godliness, according to his
appointment. Latimer.
8. To have or maintain a position, order, or rank; to be in a
particular relation; as, Christian charity, or love, stands first in
the rank of gifts.
9. To be in some particular state; to have essence or being; to be; to
consist. "Sacrifices . . . which stood only in meats and drinks." Heb.
ix. 10.
Accomplish what your signs foreshow; I stand resigned, and am
prepared to go. Dryden.
Thou seest how it stands with me, and that I may not tarry. Sir W.
Scott.
10. To be consistent; to agree; to accord.
Doubt me not; by heaven, I will do nothing But what may stand with
honor. Massinger.
11. (Naut.) To hold a course at sea; as, to stand from the shore; to
stand for the harbor.
From the same parts of heaven his navy stands. Dryden.
12. To offer one's self, or to be offered, as a candidate.
He stood to be elected one of the proctors of the university.
Walton.
13. To stagnate; not to flow; to be motionless.
Or the black water of Pomptina stands. Dryden.
14. To measure when erect on the feet.
Six feet two, as I think, he stands. Tennyson.
15. (Law) (a) To be or remain as it is; to continue in force; to have
efficacy or validity; to abide. Bouvier. (b) To appear in court.
Burrill.
Stand by (Naut.), a preparatory order, equivalent to Be ready. -- To
stand against, to opposite; to resist. -- To stand by. (a) To be near;
to be a spectator; to be present. (b) To be aside; to be aside with
disregard. "In the interim [we] let the commands stand by neglected."
Dr. H. More. (c) To maintain; to defend; to support; not to desert;
as, to stand by one's principles or party. (d) To rest on for support;
to be supported by. Whitgift. -- To stand corrected, to be set right,
as after an error in a statement of fact. Wycherley. -- To stand fast,
to be fixed; to be unshaken or immovable. -- To stand firmly on, to be
satisfied or convinced of. "Though Page be a secure fool, and stands
so firmly on his wife's frailty." Shak. -- To stand for. (a) To side
with; to espouse the cause of; to support; to maintain, or to profess
or attempt to maintain; to defend. "I stand wholly for you." Shak. (b)
To be in the place of; to be the substitute or to represent; as, a
cipher at the left hand of a figure stands for nothing. "I will not
trouble myself, whether these names stand for the same thing, or
really include one another." Locke. -- To stand in, to cost. "The same
standeth them in much less cost." Robynson (More's Utopia).
The Punic wars could not have stood the human race in less than
three millions of the species. Burke.
-- To stand in hand, to conduce to one's interest; to be serviceable
or advantageous. -- To stand off. (a) To keep at a distance. (b) Not
to comply. (c) To keep at a distance in friendship, social
intercourse, or acquaintance. (d) To appear prominent; to have relief.
"Picture is best when it standeth off, as if it were carved." Sir H.
Wotton. -- To stand off and on (Naut.), to remain near a coast by
sailing toward land and then from it. -- To stand on (Naut.), to
continue on the same tack or course. -- To stand out. (a) To project;
to be prominent. "Their eyes stand out with fatness." Psalm lxxiii. 7.
(b) To persist in opposition or resistance; not to yield or comply;
not to give way or recede.
His spirit is come in, That so stood out against the holy church.
Shak.
-- To stand to. (a) To ply; to urge; to persevere in using. "Stand to
your tackles, mates, and stretch your oars." Dryden. (b) To remain
fixed in a purpose or opinion. "I will stand to it, that this is his
sense." Bp. Stillingfleet. (c) To abide by; to adhere to; as to a
contrast, assertion, promise, etc.; as, to stand to an award; to stand
to one's word. (d) Not to yield; not to fly; to maintain, as one's
ground. "Their lives and fortunes were put in safety, whether they
stood to it or ran away." Bacon. (e) To be consistent with; to agree
with; as, it stands to reason that he could not have done so. (f) To
support; to uphold. "Stand to me in this cause." Shak. -- To stand
together, to be consistent; to agree. -- To stand to sea (Naut.), to
direct the course from land. -- To stand under, to undergo; to
withstand. Shak. -- To stand up. (a) To rise from sitting; to be on
the feet. (b) To arise in order to speak or act. "Against whom, when
the accusers stood up, they brought none accusation of such things as
I supposed." Acts xxv. 18. (c) To rise and stand on end, as the hair.
(d) To put one's self in opposition; to contend. "Once we stood up
about the corn." Shak. -- To stand up for, to defend; to justify; to
support, or attempt to support; as, to stand up for the
administration. -- To stand upon. (a) To concern; to interest. (b) To
value; to esteem. "We highly esteem and stand much upon our birth."
Ray. (c) To insist on; to attach much importance to; as, to stand upon
security; to stand upon ceremony. (d) To attack; to assault. [A
Hebraism] "So I stood upon him, and slew him." 2 Sam. i. 10. -- To
stand with, to be consistent with. "It stands with reason that they
should be rewarded liberally." Sir J. Davies. <-- usu. stand to
reason. -->
Stand
Stand (?), v. t.
1. To endure; to sustain; to bear; as, I can not stand the cold or the
heat.
2. To resist, without yielding or receding; to withstand. "Love stood
the siege." Dryden.
He stood the furious foe. Pope.
3. To abide by; to submit to; to suffer.
Bid him disband his legions, . . . And stand the judgment of a
Roman senate. Addison.
4. To set upright; to cause to stand; as, to stand a book on the
shelf; to stand a man on his feet.
5. To be at the expense of; to pay for; as, to stand a treat.
[Colloq.] Tackeray.
To stand fire, to receive the fire of arms from an enemy without
giving way. -- To stand one's ground, to keep the ground or station
one has taken; to maintain one's position. "Pleasants and burghers,
however brave, are unable to stand their ground against veteran
soldiers." Macaulay. -- To stand trial, to sustain the trial or
examination of a cause; not to give up without trial.
Stand
Stand (?), n. [As. stand. See Stand, v. i.]
1. The act of standing.
I took my stand upon an eminence . . . to look into thier several
ladings. Spectator.
2. A halt or stop for the purpose of defense, resistance, or
opposition; as, to come to, or to make, a stand.
Vice is at stand, and at the highest flow. Dryden.
3. A place or post where one stands; a place where one may stand while
observing or waiting for something.
I have found you out a stand most fit, Where you may have such
vantage on the duke, He shall not pass you. Shak.
4. A station in a city or town where carriages or wagons stand for
hire; as, a cab stand. Dickens.
5. A raised platform or station where a race or other outdoor
spectacle may be viewed; as, the judge's or the grand stand at a race
course.
6. A small table; also, something on or in which anything may be laid,
hung, or placed upright; as, a hat stand; an umbrella stand; a music
stand.
7. A place where a witness stands to testify in court.
8. The situation of a shop, store, hotel, etc.; as, a good, bad, or
convenient stand for business. [U. S.]
9. Rank; post; station; standing.
Father, since your fortune did attain So high a stand, I mean not
to descend. Daniel.
10. A state of perplexity or embarrassment; as, to be at a stand what
to do. L'Estrange.
11. A young tree, usually reserved when other trees are cut; also, a
tree growing or standing upon its own root, in distinction from one
produced from a scion set in a stock, either of the same or another
kind of tree.
12. (Com.) A weight of from two hundred and fifty to three hundred
pounds, -- used in weighing pitch.
Microscope stand, the instrument, excepting the eyepiece, objective,
and other removable optical parts. -- Stand of ammunition, the
projectile, cartridge, and sabot connected together. -- Stand of arms.
(Mil.) See under Arms. -- Stand of colors (Mil.), a single color, or
flag. Wilhelm (Mil. Dict.) -- To be at a stand, to be stationary or
motionless; to be at a standstill; hence, to be perplexed; to be
embarrassed. -- To make a stand, to halt for the purpose of offering
resistance to a pursuing enemy. Syn. -- Stop; halt; rest;
interruption; obstruction; perplexity; difficulty; embarrassment;
hesitation.
Standage
Stand"age (?), n. (Mining) A reservior in which water accumulates at
the bottom of a mine.
Standard
Stand"ard (?), n. [OF. estendart, F. \'82tendard, probably fr. L.
extendere to spread out, extend, but influenced by E. stand. See
Extend.]
1. A flag; colors; a banner; especially, a national or other ensign.
His armies, in the following day, On those fair plains their
standards proud display. Fairfax.
2. That which is established by authority as a rule for the measure of
quantity, extent, value, or quality; esp., the original specimen
weight or measure sanctioned by government, as the standard pound,
gallon, or yard.
3. That which is established as a rule or model by authority, custom,
or general consent; criterion; test.
The court, which used to be the standard of property and
correctness of speech. Swift.
A disposition to preserve, and an ability to improve, taken
together, would be my standard of a statesman. Burke.
4. (Coinage) The proportion of weights of fine metal and alloy
established by authority.
By the present standard of the coinage, sixty-two shillings is
coined out of one pound weight of silver. Arbuthnot.
5. (Hort.) A tree of natural size supported by its own stem, and not
dwarfed by grafting on the stock of a smaller species nor trained upon
a wall or trellis.
In France part of their gardens is laid out for flowers, others for
fruits; some standards, some against walls. Sir W. Temple.
6. (Bot.) The upper petal or banner of a papilionaceous corolla.
7. (Mech. & Carp.) An upright support, as one of the poles of a
scaffold; any upright in framing.
8. (Shipbuilding) An inverted knee timber placed upon the deck instead
of beneath it, with its vertical branch turned upward from that which
lies horizontally.
9. The sheth of a plow.
10. A large drinking cup. Greene.
Standard bearer, an officer of an army, company, or troop, who bears a
standard; -- commonly called color sergeantor color bearer; hence, the
leader of any organization; as, the standard bearer of a political
party.
Standard
Stand"ard, a.
1. Being, affording, or according with, a standard for comparison and
judgment; as, standard time; standard weights and measures; a standard
authority as to nautical terms; standard gold or silver.
2. Hence: Having a recognized and permanent value; as, standard works
in history; standard authors.
3. (Hort.) (a) Not supported by, or fastened to, a wall; as, standard
fruit trees. (b) Not of the dwarf kind; as, a standard pear tree.
Standard candle, Standard gauge. See under Candle, and Gauge. --
Standard solution. (Chem.) See Standardized solution, under Solution.
Standard-bred
Stand"ard-bred`, a. Bred in conformity to a standard. Specif., applied
to a registered trotting horse which comes up to the standard adopted
by the National Association of Trotting-horse Breeders. [U. S.]
Standardize
Stand"ard*ize (?), v. t. (Chem.) To reduce to a normal standard; to
calculate or adjust the strength of, by means of, and for uses in,
analysis.
Standard-wing
Stand"ard-wing` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A curious paradise bird (Semioptera
Wallacii) which has two long special feathers standing erect on each
wing.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1403
Stand-by
Stand"-by` (?), n. One who, or that which, stands by one in need;
something upon which one relies for constant use or in an emergency.
Standel
Stand"el (?), n. A young tree, especially one reserved when others are
cut. [Obs.] Fuller.
Stander
Stand"er (?), n.
1. One who stands.
2. Same as Standel. [Obs.] Ascham.
Stander-by
Stand"er-by` (?), n. One who stands near; one who is present; a
bystander.
Standergrass
Stand"er*grass` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Orchis mascula); -- called
also standerwort, and long purple. See Long purple, under Long.
Standgale
Stand"gale` (?), n. See Stannel. [Prov. Eng.]
Standing
Stand"ing, a.
1. Remaining erect; not cut down; as, standing corn.
2. Not flowing; stagnant; as, standing water.
3. Not transitory; not liable to fade or vanish; lasting; as, a
standing color.
4. Established by law, custom, or the like; settled; continually
existing; permanent; not temporary; as, a standing army; legislative
bodies have standing rules of proceeding and standing committees.
5. Not movable; fixed; as, a standing bed (distinguished from a
trundle-bed).
Standing army. See Standing army, under Army. -- Standing bolt. See
Stud bolt, under Stud, a stem. -- Standing committee, in legislative
bodies, etc., a committee appointed for the consideration of all
subjects of a particular class which shall arise during the session or
a stated period. -- Standing cup, a tall goblet, with a foot and a
cover. -- Standing finish (Arch.), that part of the interior fittings,
esp. of a dwelling house, which is permanent and fixed in its place,
as distinguished from doors, sashes, etc. -- Standing order (Eccl.),
the denomination (Congregiational) established by law; -- a term
formerly used in Connecticut. See also under Order.<-- also, (Com.) an
order for goods which are to be delivered periodically, without the
need for renewal. --> -- Standing part. (Naut.) (a) That part of a
tackle which is made fast to a block, point, or other object. (b) That
part of a rope around which turns are taken with the running part in
making a knot of the like. -- Standing rigging (Naut.), the cordage or
rope which sustain the masts and remain fixed in their position, as
the shrouds and stays, -- distinguished from running rigging.
Standing
Stand"ing, n.
1. The act of stopping, or coming to a stand; the state of being erect
upon the feet; stand.
2. Maintenance of position; duration; duration or existence in the
same place or condition; continuance; as, a custom of long standing;
an officer of long standing.
An ancient thing of long standing. Bunyan.
3. Place to stand in; station; stand.
I will provide you a good standing to see his entry. Bacon.
I think in deep mire, where there is no standing. Ps. lxix. 2.
4. Condition in society; relative position; reputation; rank; as, a
man of good standing, or of high standing.
Standing off (Naut.), sailing from the land. -- Standing on (Naut.),
sailing toward land.
Standish
Stand"ish, n. [Stand + dish.] A stand, or case, for pen and ink.
I bequeath to Dean Swift, Esq., my large silver standish. Swift.
Standpipe
Stand"pipe` (?), n.
1. (Engin.) A vertical pipe, open at the top, between a hydrant and a
reservoir, to equalize the flow of water; also, a large vertical pipe,
near a pumping engine, into which water is forced up, so as to give it
sufficient head to rise to the required level at a distance.
2. (Steam Boiler) A supply pipe of sufficient elevation to enable the
water to flow into the boiler, notwithstanding the pressure of the
steam. Knight.
Standpoint
Stand"point` (?), n. [Cf. G. standpunkt.] A fixed point or station; a
basis or fundamental principle; a position from which objects or
principles are viewed, and according to which they are compared and
judged.
Standstill
Stand"still` (?), n. A standing without moving forward or backward; a
stop; a state or rest.
Stane
Stane (?), n. A stone. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Stang
Stang (?), imp. of Sting. [Archaic]
Stang
Stang, n. [OE. stange, of Scand. or Dutch origin; cf. Icel. st\'94ng,
akin to Dan. stang, Sw. st\'86ng, D. stang, G. stange, OHG. stanga,
AS. steng; from the root of E. sting.]
1. A long bar; a pole; a shaft; a stake.
2. In land measure, a pole, rod, or perch. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Swift.
Stang ball, a projectile consisting of two half balls united by a bar;
a bar shot. See Illust. of Bar shot, under Bar. -- To ride the stang,
to be carried on a pole on men's shoulders. This method of punishing
wife beaters, etc., was once in vogue in some parts of England.
Stang
Stang, v. i. [Akin to sting; cf. Icel. stanga to prick, to goad.] To
shoot with pain. [Prov. Eng.]
Stanhope
Stan"hope (?), n. A light two-wheeled, or sometimes four-wheeled,
carriage, without a top; -- so called from Lord Stanhope, for whom it
was contrived.
Staniel
Stan"iel (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Stannel.
Stanielry
Stan"iel*ry (?), n. Hawking with staniels, -- a base kind of falconry.
[Obs.]
Stank
Stank (?), a. [OF. estanc, or It. stanco. See Stanch, a.] Weak; worn
out. [Obs.] Spenser.
Stank
Stank, v. i. [Cf. Sw. st\'86nka to pant. \'fb165.] To sigh. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]
Stank
Stank, imp. of Stink. Stunk.
Stank
Stank, n. [OF. estang, F. \'82tang, from L. stagnum a pool. Cf.
Stagnate, Tank a cistern.]
1. Water retained by an embankment; a pool water. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Robert of Brunne.
2. A dam or mound to stop water. [Prov. Eng.]
Stank hen (Zo\'94l.), the moor hen; -- called also stankie. [Prov.
Eng.]
Stannary
Stan"na*ry (?), a. [L. stannum tin, an alloy of silver and lead.] Of
or pertaining to tin mines, or tin works.
The stannary courts of Devonshire and Cornwall, for the
administration of justice among the tinners therein, are also
courts of record. Blackstone.
Stannary
Stan"na*ry, n.; pl. Stannaries (#). [LL. stannaria.] A tin mine; tin
works. Bp. Hall.
Stannate
Stan"nate (?), n. [Cf. F. stannate.] (Chem.) A salt of stannic acid.
Stannel
Stan"nel (?), n. [AS. st\'bengella, stangilla; properly, stone yeller,
i.e., a bird that yells from the rocks. See Stone, and Yell, and cf.
Stonegall.] (Zo\'94l.) The kestrel; -- called also standgale,
standgall, stanchel, stand hawk, stannel hawk, steingale, stonegall.
[Written also staniel, stannyel, and stanyel.]
With what wing the staniel checks at it. Shak.
Stannic
Stan"nic (?), a. [L. stannum tin: cf. F. stannique.] (Chem.) Of or
pertaining to tin; derived from or containing tin; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence
as contrasted with stannous compounds. Stannic acid. (a) A
hypothetical substance, Sn(OH)4, analogous to silic acid, and called
also normal stannic acid. (b) Metastannic acid. -- Stannic chloride, a
thin, colorless, fuming liquid, SnCl4, used as a mordant in calico
printing and dyeing; -- formerly called spirit of tin, or fuming
liquor of Libavius. -- Stannic oxide, tin oxide, SnO2, produced
artificially as a white amorphous powder, and occurring naturally in
the mineral cassiterite. It is used in the manufacture of white
enamels, and, under the name of putty powder, for polishing glass,
etc.
Stanniferous
Stan*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L. stannum tin + -ferous.] Containing or
affording tin.
Stannine, Stannite
Stan"nine (?), Stan"nite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral of a steel
Stanno-
Stan"no- (?). [L. stannum tin.] (Chem.) A combining form (also used
adjectively) denoting relation to, or connection with, tin, or
including tin as an ingredient.
Stannofluoride
Stan`no*flu"or*ide (?), n. (Chem.) Any one of a series of double
fluorides of tin (stannum) and some other element.
Stannoso-
Stan*no"so- (?), a. (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively)
denoting relation to, or connection with, certain stannnous compounds.
Stannotype
Stan"no*type (?), n. [Stanno- + -type.] (Photog.) A photograph taken
upon a tin plate; a tintype.
Stannous
Stan"nous (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, tin;
specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a
lower valence as contrasted with stannic compounds. Stannous chloride
(Chem.), a white crystalline substance, SnCl2.(H2O)2, obtained by
dissolving tin in hydrochloric acid. It is used as a mordant in
dyeing.
Stannum
Stan"num (?), n. [L., alloy of silver and lead; later, tin.] (Chem.)
The technical name of tin. See Tin.
Stannyel, Stanyel
Stann"yel, Stan"yel (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Stannel.
Stant, Stont
Stant (?), Stont (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Stand, for
standeth. Stands. Chaucer.
Stanza
Stan"za (?), n.; pl. Stanzas (#). [It. stanza a room, habitation, a
stanza, i. e., a stop, fr. L. stans, p.pr. of stare to stand. See
Stand, and cf. Estancia, Stance, Stanchion.]
1. A number of lines or verses forming a division of a song or poem,
and agreeing in meter, rhyme, number of lines, etc., with other
divisions; a part of a poem, ordinarily containing every variation of
measure in that poem; a combination or arrangement of lines usually
recurring; whether like or unlike, in measure.
Horace confines himself strictly to one sort of verse, or stanza,
in every ode. Dryden.
2. (Arch.) An apartment or division in a building; a room or chamber.
Stanzaic
Stan*za"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, stanzas; as, a
couplet in stanzaic form.
Stapedial
Sta*pe"di*al (?), a. [LL. stapes stirrup.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to
stapes.
Stapelia
Sta*pe"li*a (?), n. [NL. So named after John Bod\'91us a Stapel, a
physician of Amsterdam.] (Bot.) An extensive and curious genus of
African plants of the natural order Asclepiadace\'91 (Milkweed
family). They are succulent plants without leaves, frequently covered
with dark tubercles giving them a very grotesque appearance. The odor
of the blossoms is like that of carrion.
Stapes
Sta"pes (?), n. [LL., a stirrup.] (Anat.) The innermost of the
ossicles of the ear; the stirrup, or stirrup bone; -- so called from
its form. See Illust. of Ear.
Staphyline
Staph"y*line (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the uvula or the
palate.
Staphylinid
Staph`y*li"nid (?), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any rove beetle.
Staphyloma
Staph`y*lo"ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) A protrusion of any part of
the globe of the eye; as, a staphyloma of the cornea.
Staphylomatous
Staph`y*lo"ma*tous (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to staphyloma;
affected with staphyloma.
Staphyloplasty
Staph"y*lo*plas`ty (?), n. [Gr. -plasty.] (Surg.) The operation for
restoring or replacing the soft palate when it has been lost.
Dunglison. -- Staph`y*lo*plas"tic (#), a.
Staphyloraphy, Staphylorrhaphy
Staph`y*lor"a*phy, Staph`y*lor"rha*phy (?), n. [Gr. staphylorraphie.]
The operation of uniting a cleft palate, consisting in paring and
bringing together the edges of the cleft. -- Staph`y*lo*raph"ic (#),
Staph`y*lor*rhaph"ic (#), a.
Staphylotomy
Staph`y*lot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) The operation of removing a
staphyloma by cutting.
Staple
Sta"ple (?), n. [AS. stapul, stapol, stapel, a step, a prop, post,
table, fr. stapan to step, go, raise; akin to D. stapel a pile,
stocks, emporium, G. stapela heap, mart, stake, staffel step of a
ladder, Sw. stapel, Dan. stabel, and E. step cf. OF. estaple a mart,
F. \'82tape. See Step.]
1. A settled mart; an emporium; a city or town to which merchants
brought commodities for sale or exportation in bulk; a place for
wholesale traffic.
The customs of Alexandria were very great, it having been the
staple of the Indian trade. Arbuthnot.
For the increase of trade and the encouragement of the worthy
burgesses of Woodstock, her majesty was minded to erect the town
into a staple for wool. Sir W. Scott.
NOTE: &hand; In En gland, fo rmerly, th e ki ng's st aple wa s
established in certain ports or towns, and certain goods could not
be exported without being first brought to these places to be rated
and charged with the duty payable of the king or the public. The
principal commodities on which customs were lived were wool, skins,
and leather; and these were originally the staple commodities.
2. Hence: Place of supply; source; fountain head.
Whitehall naturally became the chief staple of news. Whenever there
was a rumor that any thing important had happened or was about to
happen, people hastened thither to obtain intelligence from the
fountain head. Macaulay.
3. The principal commodity of traffic in a market; a principal
commodity or production of a country or district; as, wheat, maize,
and cotton are great staples of the United States.
We should now say, Cotton is the great staple, that is, the
established merchandize, of Manchester. Trench.
4. The principal constituent in anything; chief item.
5. Unmanufactured material; raw material.
6. The fiber of wool, cotton, flax, or the like; as, a coarse staple;
a fine staple; a long or short staple.
7. A loop of iron, or a bar or wire, bent and formed with two points
to be driven into wood, to hold a hook, pin, or the like.
8. (Mining) (a) A shaft, smaller and shorter than the principal one,
joining different levels. (b) A small pit.
9. A district granted to an abbey. [Obs.] Camden.
Staple
Sta"ple, a.
1. Pertaining to, or being market of staple for, commodities; as, a
staple town. [R.]
2. Established in commerce; occupying the markets; settled; as, a
staple trade. Dryden.
3. Fit to be sold; marketable. [R.] Swift.
4. Regularly produced or manufactured in large quantities; belonging
to wholesale traffic; principal; chief.
Wool, the great staple commodity of England. H
Staple
Sta"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. stapled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. stapling.]
To sort according to its staple; as, to staple cotton.
Stapler
Sta"pler (?), n.
1. A dealer in staple goods.
2. One employed to assort wool according to its staple.
Star
Star (?), n. [OE. sterre, AS. steorra; akin to OFries. stera, OS.
sterro, D. ster, OHG. sterno, sterro, G. stern, Icel. stjarna, Sw.
stjerna, Dan. stierne, Goth. sta\'a1rn\'d3, Armor. & Corn. stern, L.
stella, Gr. star; perhaps from a root meaning, to seater, Skr. st, L.
sternere (cf. Stratum), and originally applied to the stars as
beingstrewn over the sky, or as beingscatterers or spreaders of light.
\'fb296. Cf. Aster, Asteroid, Constellation, Disaster, Stellar.]
1. One of the innumerable luminous bodies seen in the heavens; any
heavenly body other than the sun, moon, comets, and nebul\'91.
His eyen twinkled in his head aright, As do the stars in the frosty
night. Chaucer.
NOTE: &hand; Th e st ars ar e di stinguished as planets, and fixed
stars. See Planet, Fixed stars under Fixed, and Magnitude of a star
under Magnitude.
2. The polestar; the north star. Shak.
3. (Astrol.) A planet supposed to influence one's destiny; (usually
pl.) a configuration of the planets, supposed to influence fortune.
O malignant and ill-brooding stars. Shak.
Blesses his stars, and thinks it luxury. Addison.
4. That which resembles the figure of a star, as an ornament worn on
the breast to indicate rank or honor.
On whom . . . Lavish Honor showered all her stars. Tennyson.
5. Specifically, a radiated mark in writing or printing; an asterisk
[thus, *]; -- used as a reference to a note, or to fill a blank where
something is omitted, etc.
6. (Pyrotechny) A composition of combustible matter used in the
heading of rockets, in mines, etc., which, exploding of a air,
presents a starlike appearance.
7. A person of brilliant and attractive qualities, especially on
public occasions, as a distinguished orator, a leading theatrical
performer, etc.
NOTE: &hand; St ar is us ed in th e fo rmation of compound words
generally or obvious signification: as, star-aspiring,
star-bespangled, star-bestudded, star-blasting, star-bright,
star-crowned, star-directed, star-eyed, star-headed, star-paved,
star-roofed; star-sprinkled, star-wreathed.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1404
Blazing star, Double star, Multiple star, Shooting star, etc. See
under Blazing, Double, etc. -- Nebulous star (Astron.), a small
well-defined circular nebula, having a bright nucleus at its center
like a star. -- Star anise (Bot.), any plant of the genus Illicium; --
so called from its star-shaped capsules. -- Star apple (Bot.), a
tropical American tree (Chrysophyllum Cainito), having a milky juice
and oblong leaves with a silky-golden pubescence beneath. It bears an
applelike fruit, the carpels of which present a starlike figure when
cut across. The name is extended to the whole genus of about sixty
species, and the natural order (Sapotace\'91) to which it belongs is
called the Star-apple family. -- Star conner, one who cons, or
studies, the stars; an astronomer or an astrologer. Gascoigne. -- Star
coral (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of stony corals
belonging to Astr\'91a, Orbicella, and allied genera, in which the
calicles are round or polygonal and contain conspicuous radiating
septa. -- Star cucumber. (Bot.) See under Cucumber. -- Star flower.
(Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus Ornithogalum; star-of-Bethlehem. (b)
See Starwort (b). (c) An American plant of the genus Trientalis
(Trientalis Americana). Gray. -- Star fort (Fort.), a fort surrounded
on the exterior with projecting angles; -- whence the name. -- Star
gauge (Ordnance), a long rod, with adjustable points projecting
radially at its end, for measuring the size of different parts of the
bore of a gun. -- Star grass. (Bot.) (a) A small grasslike plant
(Hypoxis erecta) having star-shaped yellow flowers. (b) The colicroot.
See Colicroot. -- Star hyacinth (Bot.), a bulbous plant of the genus
Scilla (S. autumnalis); -- called also star-headed hyacinth. -- Star
jelly (Bot.), any one of several gelatinous plants (Nostoc commune, N.
edule, etc.). See Nostoc. -- Star lizard. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Stellion.
-- Star-of-Bethlehem (Bot.), a bulbous liliaceous plant (Ornithogalum
umbellatum) having a small white starlike flower. -- Star-of-the-earth
(Bot.), a plant of the genus Plantago (P. coronopus), growing upon the
seashore. -- Star polygon (Geom.), a polygon whose sides cut each
other so as to form a star-shaped figure. -- Stars and Stripes, a
popular name for the flag of the United States, which consists of
thirteen horizontal stripes, alternately red and white, and a union
having, in a blue field, white stars to represent the several States,
one for each.
With the old flag, the true American flag, the Eagle, and the Stars
and Stripes, waving over the chamber in which we sit. D. Webster.
-- Star showers. See Shooting star, under Shooting. -- Star thistle
(Bot.), an annual composite plant (Centaurea solstitialis) having the
involucre armed with radiating spines. -- Star wheel (Mach.), a
star-shaped disk, used as a kind of ratchet wheel, in repeating
watches and the feed motions of some machines. -- Star worm
(Zo\'94l.), a gephyrean. -- Temporary star (Astron.), a star which
appears suddenly, shines for a period, and then nearly or quite
disappears. These stars are supposed by some astronometers to be
variable stars of long and undetermined periods. -- Variable star
(Astron.), a star whose brilliancy varies periodically, generally with
regularity, but sometimes irregularly; -- called periodical star when
its changes occur at fixed periods. -- Water star grass (Bot.), an
aquatic plant (Schollera graminea) with small yellow starlike
blossoms.
Star
Star (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Starred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Starring.]
To set or adorn with stars, or bright, radiating bodies; to bespangle;
as, a robe starred with gems. "A sable curtain starred with gold."
Young.
Star
Star, v. i. To be bright, or attract attention, as a star; to shine
like a star; to be brilliant or prominent; to play a part as a
theatrical star. <-- i.e., to be the most prominent or one of the two
most prominent actors in the cast of a drama or film. --> W. Irving.
Star-blind
Star"-blind` (?), a. Half blind.
Starboard
Star"board` (?), n. [OE. sterbord, AS. ste\'a2rbord, i.e., steer
board. See Steer, v. t., Board of a vessel, and cf. Larboard.] (Naut.)
That side of a vessel which is one of the right hand of a person who
stands on board facing the bow; -- opposed to larboard, or port.
Starboard
Star"board`, a. (Naut.) Pertaining to the right-hand side of a ship;
being or lying on the right side; as, the starboard quarter; starboard
tack.
Starboard
Star"board`, v. t. (Naut.) To put to the right, or starboard, side of
a vessel; as, to starboard the helm.
Starblowlines
Star"blow`lines (?), n. pl. (Naut.) The men in the starboard watch.
[Obs.] R. H. Dana, Jr.
Starch
Starch (?), a. [AS. stearc stark, strong, rough. See Stark.] Stiff;
precise; rigid. [R.] Killingbeck.
Starch
Starch, n. [From starch stiff, cf. G. st\'84rke, fr. stark strong.]
1. (Chem.) A widely diffused vegetable substance found especially in
seeds, bulbs, and tubers, and extracted (as from potatoes, corn, rice,
etc.) as a white, glistening, granular or powdery substance, without
taste or smell, and giving a very peculiar creaking sound when rubbed
between the fingers. It is used as a food, in the production of
commercial grape sugar, for stiffening linen in laundries, in making
paste, etc.
NOTE: &hand; St arch is a carbohydrate, being the typical amylose,
C6H10O5, and is detected by the fine blue color given to it by free
iodine. It is not fermentable as such, but is changed by diastase
into dextrin and maltose, and by heating with dilute acids into
dextrose. Cf. Sugar, Inulin, and Lichenin.
2. Fig.: A stiff, formal manner; formality. Addison.
Starch hyacinth (Bot.), the grape hyacinth; -- so called because the
flowers have the smell of boiled starch. See under Grape.
Starch
Starch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Starched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Starching.]
To stiffen with starch.
Star-chamber
Star"-cham`ber (?), n. [So called (as conjectured by Blackstone) from
being held in a room at the Exchequer where the chests containing
certain Jewish comtracts and obligations called starrs (from the Heb.
shetar, pron. shtar) were kept; or from the stars with which the
ceiling is supposed to have been decorated.] (Eng. Hist.) An ancient
high court exercising jurisdiction in certain cases, mainly criminal,
which sat without the intervention of a jury. It consisted of the
king's council, or of the privy council only with the addition of
certain judges. It could proceed on mere rumor or examine witnesses;
it could apply torture. It was abolished by the Long Parliament in
1641. Encyc. Brit.
Starched
Starched (?), a.
1. Stiffened with starch.
2. Stiff; precise; formal. Swift.
Starchedness
Starch"ed*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being starched;
stiffness in manners; formality.
Starcher
Starch"er (?), n. One who starches.
Starchly
Starch"ly, adv. In a starched or starch manner.
Starchness
Starch"ness, n. Of or pertaining to starched or starch; stiffness of
manner; preciseness.
Starchwort
Starch"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The cuckoopint, the tubers of which yield
a fine quality of starch.
Starchy
Starch"y (?), a. Consisting of starch; resembling starch; stiff;
precise.
Starcraft
Star"craft (?), n. Astrology. [R.] Tennyson.
Star-crossed
Star"-crossed` (?), a. Not favored by the stars; ill-fated. [Poetic]
Shak.
Such in my star-crossed destiny. Massinger.
Stare
Stare (?), n. [AS. st\'91r. See Starling.] (Zo\'94l.) The starling.
[Obs.]
Stare
Stare, v. i. [imp. & p. p. stared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. staring.] [AS.
starian; akin to LG. & D. staren, OHG. star\'c7n, G. starren, Icel.
stara; cf. Icel. stira, Dan. stirre, Sw. stirra, and G. starr stiff,
rigid, fixed, Gr. stereo-), Skr. sthira firm, strong. \'fb166. Cf.
Sterile.]
1. To look with fixed eyes wide open, as through fear, wonder,
surprise, impudence, etc.; to fasten an earnest and prolonged gaze on
some object.
For ever upon the ground I see thee stare. Chaucer.
Look not big, nor stamp, nor stare, nor fret. Shak.
2. To be very conspicuous on account of size, prominence, color, or
brilliancy; as, staring windows or colors.
3. To stand out; to project; to bristle. [Obs.]
Makest my blood cold, and my hair to stare. Shak.
Take off all the staring straws and jags in the hive. Mortimer.
Syn. -- To gaze; to look earnestly. See Gaze.
Stare
Stare (?), v. t. To look earnestly at; to gaze at.
I will stare him out of his wits. Shak.
To stare in the face, to be before the eyes, or to be undeniably
evident. "The law . . . stares them in the face whilst they are
breaking it." Locke.
Stare
Stare, n. The act of staring; a fixed look with eyes wide open. "A
dull and stupid stare." Churchill.
Starer
Star"er (?), n. One who stares, or gazes.
Starf
Starf (?), obs. imp. of Starve. Starved. Chaucer.
Starfinch
Star"finch` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European redstart.
Starfish
Star"fish (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of echinoderms belonging to
the class Asterioidea, in which the body is star-shaped and usually
has five rays, though the number of rays varies from five to forty or
more. The rays are often long, but are sometimes so short as to appear
only as angles to the disklike body. Called also sea star,
five-finger, and stellerid.
NOTE: &hand; Th e op hiuroids are also sometimes called starfishes.
See Brittle star, and Ophiuroidea.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The dollar fish, or butterfish.
Stargaser
Star"gas`er (?), n.
1. One who gazes at the stars; an astrologer; sometimes, in derision
or contempt, an astronomer.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of spiny-rayed marine fishes
belonging to Uranoscopus, Astroscopus, and allied genera, of the
family Uranoscopid\'91. The common species of the Eastern United
States are Astroscopus anoplus, and A. guttatus. So called from the
position of the eyes, which look directly upward.
Stargasing
Star"gas`ing, n.
1. The act or practice of observing the stars with attention;
contemplation of the stars as connected with astrology or astronomy.
Swift.
2. Hence, absent-mindedness; abstraction.
Staringly
Star"ing*ly (?), adv. With a staring look.
Stark
Stark (?), a. [Compar. Starker (?); superl. Starkest.] [OE. stark
stiff, strong, AS. stearc; akin to OS. starc strong, D. sterk, OHG.
starc, starah, G. & Sw. stark, Dan. st\'91rk, Icel. sterkr, Goth.
gasta\'a3rknan to become dried up, Lith. str\'89gti to stiffen, to
freeze. Cf. Starch, a. & n.]
1. Stiff; rigid. Chaucer.
Whose senses all were straight benumbed and stark. Spenser.
His heart gan wax as stark as marble stone. Spenser.
Many a nobleman lies stark and stiff Under the hoofs of vaunting
enemies. Shak.
The north is not so stark and cold. B. Jonson.
2. Complete; absolute; full; perfect; entire. [Obs.]
Consider the stark security The common wealth is in now. B. Jonson.
3. Strong; vigorous; powerful.
A stark, moss-trooping Scot. Sir W. Scott.
Stark beer, boy, stout and strong beer. Beau. & Fl.
4. Severe; violent; fierce. [Obs.] "In starke stours." [i. e., in
fierce combats]. Chaucer.
5. Mere; sheer; gross; entire; downright.
He pronounces the citation stark nonsense. Collier.
Rhetoric is very good or stark naught; there's no medium in
rhetoric. Selden.
Stark
Stark (?), adv. Wholly; entirely; absolutely; quite; as, stark mind.
Shak.
Held him strangled in his arms till he was stark dead. Fuller.
Stark naked, wholly naked; quite bare.
Strip your sword stark naked. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; According to Professor Skeat, "stark-naked" is derived
from steort-naked, or start-naked, literally tail-naked, and hence
wholly naked. If this etymology be true the preferable form is
stark-naked.
Stark
Stark, v. t. To stiffen. [R.]
If horror have not starked your limbs. H. Taylor.
Starkly
Stark"ly, adv. In a stark manner; stiffly; strongly.
Its onward force too starky pent In figure, bone, and lineament.
Emerson.
Starkness
Stark"ness, n. The quality or state of being stark.
Starless
Star"less (?), a. Being without stars; having no stars visible; as, a
starless night. Milton.
Starlight
Star"light` (?), n. The light given by the stars.
Nor walk by moon, Or glittering starlight, without thee is sweet.
Milton.
Starlight
Star"light`, a. Lighted by the stars, or by the stars only; as, a
starlight night.
A starlight evening and a morning fair. Dryden.
Starlike
Star"like` (?), a.
1. Resembling a star; stellated; radiated like a star; as, starlike
flowers.
2. Shining; bright; illustrious. Dryden.
The having turned many to righteousness shall confer a starlike and
immortal brightness. Boyle.
Starling
Star"ling (?), n. [OE. sterlyng, a dim. of OE. stare, AS. st\'91r;
akin to AS. stearn, G. star, staar, OHG. stara, Icel. starri, stari,
Sw. stare, Dan. st\'91r, L. sturnus. Cf. Stare a starling.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any passerine bird belonging to Sturnus and allied
genera. The European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is dark brown or
greenish black, with a metallic gloss, and spotted with yellowish
white. It is a sociable bird, and builds about houses, old towers,
etc. Called also stare, and starred. The pied starling of India is
Sternopastor contra.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A California fish; the rock trout.
3. A structure of piles driven round the piers of a bridge for
protection and support; -- called also sterling.
Rose-colored starling. (Zo\'94l.) See Pastor.
Starlit
Star"lit` (?), a. Lighted by the stars; starlight.
Starmonger
Star"mon`ger (?), n. A fortune teller; an astrologer; -- used in
contempt. B. Jonson.
Starn
Starn (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European starling. [Prov. Eng.]
Starnose
Star"nose` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A curious American mole (Condylura
cristata) having the nose expanded at the end into a stellate disk; --
called also star-nosed mole.
Starost
Star"ost (?), n. [Pol. starosta, from stary old.] A nobleman who
possessed a starosty. [Poland]
Starosty
Star"os*ty (?), n. A castle and domain conferred on a nobleman for
life. [Poland] Brande & C.
Starproof
Star"proof` (?), a. Impervious to the light of the stars; as, a
starproof elm. [Poetic] Milton.
Star-read
Star"-read` (?), n. Doctrine or knowledge of the stars; star lore;
astrology; astronomy. [Obs.]
Which in star-read were wont have best insight. Spenser.
Starred
Starred (?), a. [From Star.]
1. Adorned or studded with stars; bespangled.
2. Influenced in fortune by the stars. [Obs.]
My third comfort, Starred most unluckily. Shak.
Starriness
Star"ri*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being starry; as, the
starriness of the heavens.
Starry
Star"ry (?), a.
1. Abounding with stars; adorned with stars. "Above the starry sky."
Pope.
2. Consisting of, or proceeding from, the stars; stellar; stellary;
as, starry light; starry flame.
Do not Christians and Heathens, Jews and Gentiles, poets and
philosophers, unite in allowing the starry influence? Sir W. Scott.
3. Shining like stars; sparkling; as, starry eyes.
4. Arranged in rays like those of a star; stellate.
Starry ray (Zo\'94l.), a European skate (Raita radiata); -- so called
from the stellate bases of the dorsal spines.
Starshine
Star"shine` (?), n. The light of the stars. [R.]
The starshine lights upon our heads. R. L. Stevenson.
Starshoot
Star"shoot` (?), n. See Nostoc.
Star-spangled
Star"-span`gled (?), a. Spangled or studded with stars. Star-spangled
banner, the popular name for the national ensign of the United States.
F. S. Key.
Starstone
Star"stone` (?), n. (Min.) Asteriated sapphire.
Start
Start (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. started; p. pr. & vb. n. starting.]
[OE. sterten; akin to D. storten 8hurl, rush, fall, G. st\'81rzen,
OHG. sturzen to turn over, to fall, Sw. st\'94ra to cast down, to
fall, Dan. styrte, and probably also to E. start a tail; the original
sense being, perhaps, to show the tail, to tumble over suddenly.
\'fb166. Cf. Start a tail.]
1. To leap; to jump. [Obs.]
2. To move suddenly, as with a spring or leap, from surprise, pain, or
other sudden feeling or emotion, or by a voluntary act.
And maketh him out of his sleep to start. Chaucer.
I start as from some dreadful dream. Dryden.
Keep your soul to the work when ready to start aside. I. Watts.
But if he start, It is the flesh of a corrupted heart. Shak.
3. To set out; to commence a course, as a race or journey; to begin;
as, to start business.
At once they start, advancing in a line. Dryden.
At intervals some bird from out the brakes Starts into voice a
moment, then is still. Byron.
4. To become somewhat displaced or loosened; as, a rivet or a seam may
start under strain or pressure.
To start after, to set out after; to follow; to pursue. -- To start
against, to act as a rival candidate against. -- To start for, to be a
candidate for, as an office. -- To start up, to rise suddenly, as from
a seat or couch; to come suddenly into notice or importance.
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Page 1405
Start
Start (?), v. t.
1. To cause to move suddenly; to disturb suddenly; to startle; to
alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly; as, the hounds started a
fox.
Upon malicious bravery dost thou come To start my quiet? Shak.
Brutus will start a spirit as soon as C\'91sar. Shak.
2. To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.
Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they can start.
Sir W. Temple.
3. To cause to move or act; to set going, running, or flowing; as, to
start a railway train; to start a mill; to start a stream of water; to
start a rumor; to start a business.
I was engaged in conversation upon a subject which the people love
to start in discourse. Addison.
4. To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen;
to dislocate; as, to start a bone; the storm started the bolts in the
vessel.
One, by a fall in wrestling, started the end of the clavicle from
the sternum. Wiseman.
5. [Perh. from D. storten, which has this meaning also.] (Naut.) To
pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from; as, to start a
water cask.
Start
Start, n.
1. The act of starting; a sudden spring, leap, or motion, caused by
surprise, fear, pain, or the like; any sudden motion, or beginning of
motion.
The fright awakened Arcite with a start. Dryden.
2. A convulsive motion, twitch, or spasm; a spasmodic effort.
For she did speak in starts distractedly. Shak.
Nature does nothing by starts and leaps, or in a hurry. L'Estrange.
3. A sudden, unexpected movement; a sudden and capricious impulse; a
sally; as, starts of fancy.
To check the starts and sallies of the soul. Addison.
4. The beginning, as of a journey or a course of action; first motion
from a place; act of setting out; the outset; -- opposed to finish.
The start of first performance is all. Bacon.
I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips, Straining upon the
start. Shak.
At a start, at once; in an instant. [Obs.]
At a start he was betwixt them two. Chaucer.
To get, OR have, the start, to before another; to gain or have the
advantage in a similar undertaking; -- usually with of. "Get the start
of the majestic world." Shak. "She might have forsaken him if he had
not got the start of her." Dryden.
Start
Start, n. [OE. stert a tail, AS. steort; akin to LG. stert, steert, D.
staart, G. sterz, Icel. stertr, Dan. stiert, Sw. stjert. \'fb166. Cf.
Stark naked, under Stark, Start, v. i.]
1. A tail, or anything projecting like a tail.
2. The handle, or tail, of a plow; also, any long handle. [Prov. Eng.]
3. The curved or inclined front and bottom of a water-wheel bucket.
4. (Mining) The arm, or level, of a gin, drawn around by a horse.
Starter
Start"er, n.
1. One who, or that which, starts; as, a starter on a journey; the
starter of a race.
2. A dog that rouses game.
Startful
Start"ful (?), a. Apt to start; skittish. [R.]
Startfulness
Start"ful*ness, n. Aptness to start. [R.]
Starthroat
Star"throat` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any humming bird of the genus
Heliomaster. The feathers of the throat have a brilliant metallic
luster.
Starting
Start"ing (?), a. & n. from Start, v. Starting bar (Steam Eng.), a
hand lever for working the values in starting an engine. -- Starting
hole, a loophole; evasion. [Obs.] -- Starting point, the point from
which motion begins, or from which anything starts. -- Starting post,
a post, stake, barrier, or place from which competitors in a race
start, or begin the race.
Startingly
Start"ing*ly, adv. By sudden fits or starts; spasmodically. Shak.
Startish
Start"ish, a. Apt to start; skittish; shy; -- said especially of a
horse. [Colloq.]
Startle
Star"tle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Startled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Startling (?).] [Freq. of start.] To move suddenly, or be excited, on
feeling alarm; to start.
Why shrinks the soul Back on herself, and startles at destruction?
Addison.
Startle
Star"tle (?), v. t.
1. To excite by sudden alarm, surprise, or apprehension; to frighten
suddenly and not seriously; to alarm; to surprise.
The supposition, at least, that angels do sometimes assume bodies
need not startle us. Locke.
2. To deter; to cause to deviate. [R.] Clarendon. Syn. -- To start;
shock; fright; frighten; alarm.
Startle
Star"tle, n. A sudden motion or shock caused by an unexpected alarm,
surprise, or apprehension of danger.
After having recovered from my first startle, I was very well
pleased with the accident. Spectator.
Startlingly
Star"tling*ly (?), adv. In a startling manner.
Startlish
Star"tlish (?), a. Easily startled; apt to start; startish; skittish;
-- said especially of a hourse. [Colloq.]
Start-up
Start"-up` (?), n.
1. One who comes suddenly into notice; an upstart. [Obs.] Shak.
2. A kind of high rustic shoe. [Obs.] Drayton.
A startuppe, or clownish shoe. Spenser.
Start-up
Start"-up`, a. Upstart. [R.] Walpole.
Starvation
Star*va"tion (?), n. The act of starving, or the state of being
starved.
NOTE: &hand; This word was first used, according to Horace Walpole,
by Henry Dundas, the first Lord Melville, in a speech on American
affairs in 1775, which obtained for him the nickname of Starvation
Dundas. "Starvation, we are also told, belongs to the class of
'vile compounds' from being a mongrel; as if English were not full
of mongrels, and if it would not be in distressing straits without
them." Fitzed. Hall.
Starve
Starve (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Starved (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Starving.] [OE. sterven to die, AS. steorfan; akin to D. sterven, G.
sterben, OHG. sterban, Icel. starf labor, toil.]
1. To die; to perish. [Obs., except in the sense of perishing with
cold or hunger.] Lydgate.
In hot coals he hath himself raked . . . Thus starved this worthy
mighty Hercules. Chaucer.
2. To perish with hunger; to suffer extreme hunger or want; to be very
indigent.
Sometimes virtue starves, while vice is fed. Pope.
3. To perish or die with cold. Spenser.
Have I seen the naked starve for cold? Sandys.
Starving with cold as well as hunger. W. Irving.
NOTE: &hand; In th is se nse, st ill common in England, but rarely
used of the United States.
Starve
Starve, v. t.
1. To destroy with cold. [Eng.]
From beds of raging fire, to starve in ice Their soft ethereal
warmth. Milton.
2. To kill with hunger; as, maliciously to starve a man is, in law,
murder.
3. To distress or subdue by famine; as, to starvea garrison into a
surrender.
Attalus endeavored to starve Italy by stopping their convoy of
provisions from Africa. Arbuthnot.
4. To destroy by want of any kind; as, to starve plans by depriving
them of proper light and air.
5. To deprive of force or vigor; to disable.
The pens of historians, writing thereof, seemed starved for matter
in an age so fruitful of memorable actions. Fuller.
The powers of their minds are starved by disuse. Locke.
Starvedly
Starv"ed*ly (?), adv. In the condition of one starved or starving;
parsimoniously.
Some boasting housekeeper which keepth open doors for one day, . .
. and lives starvedly all the year after. Bp. Hall.
Starveling
Starve"ling (?), n. [Starve + -ling.] One who, or that which, pines
from lack or food, or nutriment.
Old Sir John hangs with me, and thou knowest he is no starveling.
Shak.
Starveling
Starve"ling, a. Hungry; lean; pining with want.
Starwort
Star"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) Any plant of the genus Aster. See Aster.
(b) A small plant of the genus Stellaria, having star-shaped flowers;
star flower; chickweed. Gray. Water starwort, an aquatic plant
(Callitriche verna) having some resemblance to chickweed. -- Yellow
starwort, a plant of the genus Inula; elecampane.
Stasimon
Stas"i*mon (?), n.; pl. Stasmia (#). [NL., from Gr. sta`simon, neut.
of sta`simos stationary, steadfast.] In the Greek tragedy, a song of
the chorus, continued without the interruption of dialogue or
anap\'91stics. Liddell & Scott.
Stasis
Sta"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Physiol.) A slackening or arrest of the
blood current in the vessels, due not to a lessening of the heart's
beat, but presumably to some abnormal resistance of the capillary
walls. It is one of the phenomena observed in the capillaries in
inflammation.
Statable
Stat"a*ble (?), a. That can be stated; as, a statablegrievance; the
question at issue is statable.
Statal
Sta"tal (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or existing with reference to, a
State of the American Union, as distinguished from the general
government. [R.]
I have no knowledge of any other kind of political citizenship,
higher or lower, statal or national. Edward Bates.
Statant
Sta"tant (?), a. [L. stare to stand.] (Her.) In a standing position;
as, a lion statant.
Statarian
Sta*ta"ri*an (?), a. Fixed; settled; steady; statary. [Obs.]
Statarianly
Sta*ta"ri*an*ly, adv. Fixedly; steadly. [Obs.]
Statary
Sta"ta*ry (?), a. [L. statarius standing fast, fr. stare to stand.]
Fixed; settled. [Obs.] "The set and statary times of paring of nails
and cutting hair." Sir T. Browne.
State
State (?), n. [OE. stat, OF. estat, F. \'82tat, fr. L. status a
standing, position, fr. stare, statum, to stand. See Stand, and cf.
Estate, Status.]
1. The circumstances or condition of a being or thing at any given
time.
State is a term nearly synonymous with "mode," but of a meaning
more extensive, and is not exclusively limited to the mutable and
contingent. Sir W. Hamilton.
Declare the past and present state of things. Dryden.
Keep the state of the question in your eye. Boyle.
2. Rank; condition; quality; as, the state of honor.
Thy honor, state, and seat is due to me. Shak.
3. Condition of prosperity or grandeur; wealthy or prosperous
circumstances; social importance.
She instructed him how he should keep state, and yet with a modest
sense of his misfortunes. Bacon.
Can this imperious lord forget to reign, Quit all his state,
descend, and serve again? Pope.
4. Appearance of grandeur or dignity; pomp.
Where least og state there most of love is shown. Dryden.
5. A chair with a canopy above it, often standing on a dais; a seat of
dignity; also, the canopy itself. [Obs.]
His high throne, . . . under state Of richest texture spread.
Milton.
When he went to court, he used to kick away the state, and sit down
by his prince cheek by jowl. Swift.
6. Estate, possession. [Obs.] Daniel.
Your state, my lord, again in yours. Massinger.
7. A person of high rank. [Obs.] Latimer.
8. Any body of men united by profession, or constituting a community
of a particular character; as, the civil and ecclesiastical states, or
the lords spiritual and temporal and the commons, in Great Britain.
Cf. Estate, n., 6.
9. The principal persons in a government.
The bold design Pleased highly those infernal states. Milton.
10. The bodies that constitute the legislature of a country; as, the
States-general of Holland.
11. A form of government which is not monarchial, as a republic.
[Obs.]
Well monarchies may own religion's name, But states are atheists in
their very fame. Dryden.
12. A political body, or body politic; the whole body of people who
are united one government, whatever may be the form of the government;
a nation.
Municipal law is a rule of conduct prescribed by the supreme power
in a state. Blackstone.
The Puritans in the reign of Mary, driven from their homes, sought
an asylum in Geneva, where they found a state without a king, and a
church without a bishop. R. Choate.
13. In the United States, one of the commonwealth, or bodies politic,
the people of which make up the body of the nation, and which, under
the national constitution, stands in certain specified relations with
the national government, and are invested, as commonwealth, with full
power in their several spheres over all matters not expressly
inhibited.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm St ate, in its technical sense, is used in
distinction from the federal system, i. e., the government of the
United States.
14. Highest and stationary condition, as that of maturity between
growth and decline, or as that of crisis between the increase and the
abating of a disease; height; acme. [Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; Wh en st ate is jo ined wi th an other wo rd, or used
adjectively, it denotes public, or what belongs to the community or
body politic, or to the government; also, what belongs to the
States severally in the American Union; as, state affairs; state
policy; State laws of Iowa.
Nascent state. (Chem.) See under Nascent. -- Secretary of state. See
Secretary, n., 3. -- State bargea royal barge, or a barge belonging to
a government. -- State bed, an elaborately carved or decorated bed. --
State carriage, a highly decorated carriage for officials going in
state, or taking part in public processions. -- State paper, an
official paper relating to the interests or government of a state.
Jay. -- State prison, a public prison or penitentiary; -- called also
State's prison. -- State prisoner, one is confinement, or under
arrest, for a political offense. -- State rights, OR States' rights,
the rights of the several independent States, as distinguished from
the rights of the Federal government. It has been a question as to
what rights have been vested in the general government. [U.S.] --
State's evidence. See Probator, 2, and under Evidence. -- State sword,
a sword used on state occasions, being borne before a sovereign by an
attendant of high rank. -- State trial, a trial of a person for a
political offense. -- States of the Church. See under Ecclesiastical.
Syn. -- State, Situation, Condition. State is the generic term, and
denotes in general the mode in which a thing stands or exists. The
situation of a thing is its state in reference to external objects and
influences; its condition is its internal state, or what it is in
itself considered. Our situation is good or bad as outward things bear
favorably or unfavorably upon us; our condition is good or bad
according to the state we are actually in as respects our persons,
families, property, and other things which comprise our sources of
enjoyment.
I do not, brother, Infer as if I thought my sister's state Secure
without all doubt or controversy. Milton.
We hoped to enjoy with ease what, in our situation, might be called
the luxuries of life. Cock.
And, O, what man's condition can be worse Than his whom plenty
starves and blessings curse? Cowley.
State
State (?), a.
1. Stately. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Belonging to the state, or body politic; public.
State
State, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stated; p. pr. & vb. n. Stating.]
1. To set; to settle; to establish. [R.]
I myself, though meanest stated, And in court now almost hated.
Wither.
Who calls the council, states the certain day. Pope.
2. To express the particulars of; to set down in detail or in gross;
to represent fully in words; to narrate; to recite; as, to state the
facts of a case, one's opinion, etc.
To state it. To assume state or dignity. [Obs.] "Rarely dressed up,
and taught to state it." Beau. & Fl.
State
State, n. A statement; also, a document containing a statement. [R.]
Sir W. Scott.
Statecraft
State"craft` (?), n. The art of conducting state affairs; state
management; statesmanship.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1406
Stated
Stat"ed (?), a.
1. Settled; established; fixed.
He is capable of corruption who receives more than what is the
stated and unquestionable fee of his office. Addison.
2. Recurring at regular time; not occasional; as, stated preaching;
stated business hours.
Statedly
Stat"ed*ly, adv. At stated times; regularly.
Stateful
State"ful (?), a. Full of state; stately. [Obs.] "A stateful silence."
Marston.
Statehood
State"hood (?), n. The condition of being a State; as, a territory
seeking Statehood.
Statehouse
State"house` (?), n. The building in which a State legislature holds
its sessions; a State capitol. [U. S.]
Stateless
State"less, a. Without state or pomp.
Statelily
State"li*ly (?), adv. In a stately manner.
Stateliness
State"li*ness, n. The quality or state of being stately.
For stateliness and majesty, what is comparable to a horse? Dr. H.
More.
Stately
State"ly, a. [Compar. Statelier (?); superl. Stateliest.] Evincing
state or dignity; lofty; majestic; grand; as, statelymanners; a
stately gait. "The stately homes of England!" Mrs. Hemans. "Filled
with stately temples." Prescott.
Here is a stately style indeed! Shak.
Syn. -- Lofty; dignified; majestic; grand; august; magnificent.
Stately
State"ly, adv. Majestically; loftily. Milton.
Statement
State"ment (?), n.
1. The act of stating, reciting, or presenting, orally or in paper;
as, to interrupt a speaker in the statement of his case.
2. That which is stated; a formal embodiment in language of facts or
opinions; a narrative; a recital. "Admirable perspicuity of
statement!" Brougham.
Statemonger
State"mon`ger (?), n. One versed in politics, or one who dabbles in
state affairs.
Stateprison
State`pris"on (?). See under State, n.
Stater
Stat"er (?), n. One who states.
Stater
Sta"ter (?), n. [L. stater, Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) The principal gold coin
of ancient Grece. It varied much in value, the stater best known at
Athens being worth about \'9c1 2s., or about $5.35. The Attic silver
tetradrachm was in later times called stater.
Stateroom
State"room` (?), n.
1. A magnificent room in a place or great house.
2. A small apartment for lodging or sleeping in the cabin, or on the
deck, of a vessel; also, a somewhat similar apartment in a railway
sleeping car.
States-general
States"-gen"er*al (?), n.
1. In France, before the Revolution, the assembly of the three orders
of the kingdom, namely, the clergy, the nobility, and the third
estate, or commonalty.
2. In the Netherlands, the legislative body, composed of two chambers.
Statesman
States"man (?), n.; pl. Statesmen (.
1. A man versed in public affairs and in the principles and art of
government; especially, one eminent for political abilities.
The minds of some of our statesmen, like the pupil of the human
eye, contract themselves the more, the stronger light there is shed
upon them. More.
2. One occupied with the affairs of government, and influental in
shaping its policy.
3. A small landholder. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Statesmanlike
States"man*like` (?), a. Having the manner or wisdom of statesmen;
becoming a statesman.
Statesmanly
States"man*ly, a. Becoming a statesman.
Statesmanship
States"man*ship, n. The qualifications, duties, or employments of a
statesman.
Stateswoman
States"wom`an (?), n.; pl. Stateswomen (. A woman concerned in public
affairs.
A rare stateswoman; I admire her bearing. B. Jonson.
Stathmograph
Stath"mo*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] A contrivance for recording the
speed of a railway train. Knight.
Static, Statical
Stat"ic (?), Stat"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. statique. See Stand, and cf.
Stage.]
1. Resting; acting by mere weight without motion; as, statical
pressure; static objects.
2. Pertaining to bodies at rest or in equilibrium.
Statical electricity. See Note under Electricity, 1. -- Statical
moment. See under Moment.
Statically
Stat"ic*al*ly, adv. In a statical manner.
Statics
Stat"ics (?), n. [Cf. F. statique, Gr. Static.] That branch of
mechanics which treats of the equilibrium of forces, or relates to
bodies as held at rest by the forces acting on them; -- distinguished
from dynamics. Social statics, the study of the conditions which
concern the existence and permanence of the social state.
Stating
Stat"ing (?), n. The act of one who states anything; statement; as,
the statingof one's opinions.
Station
Sta"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. statio, from stare, statum, to stand. See
Stand.]
1. The act of standing; also, attitude or pose in standing; posture.
[R.]
A station like the herald, Mercury. Shak.
Their manner was to stand at prayer, whereupon their meetings unto
that purpose . . . had the names of stations given them. Hooker.
2. A state of standing or rest; equilibrium. [Obs.]
All progression is performed by drawing on or impelling forward
some part which was before in station, or at quiet. Sir T. Browne.
3. The spot or place where anything stands, especially where a person
or thing habitually stands, or is appointed to remain for a time; as,
the station of a sentinel. Specifically: (a) A regular stopping place
in a stage road or route; a place where railroad trains regularly come
to a stand, for the convenience of passengers, taking in fuel, moving
freight, etc. (b) The headquarters of the police force of any
precinct. (c) The place at which an instrument is planted, or
observations are made, as in surveying. (d) (Biol.) The particular
place, or kind of situation, in which a species naturally occurs; a
habitat. (e) (Naut.) A place to which ships may resort, and where they
may anchor safely. (f) A place or region to which a government ship or
fleet is assigned for duty. (g) (Mil.) A place calculated for the
rendezvous of troops, or for the distribution of them; also, a spot
well adapted for offensive measures. Wilhelm (Mil. Dict.). (h)
(Mining) An enlargement in a shaft or galley, used as a landing, or
passing place, or for the accomodation of a pump, tank, etc.
4. Post assigned; office; the part or department of public duty which
a person is appointed to perform; sphere of duty or occupation;
employment.
By spending this day [Sunday] in religious exercises, we acquire
new strength and resolution to perform God's will in our several
stations the week following. R. Nelson.
5. Situation; position; location.
The fig and date -- why love they to remain In middle station, and
an even plain? Prior.
6. State; rank; condition of life; social status.
The greater part have kept, I see, Their station. Milton.
They in France of the best rank and station. Shak.
7. (Eccl.) (a) The fast of the fourth and sixth days of the week,
Wednesday and Friday, in memory of the council which condemned Christ,
and of his passion. (b) (R. C. Ch.) A church in which the procession
of the clergy halts on stated days to say stated prayers. Addis &
Arnold. (c) One of the places at which ecclesiastical processions
pause for the performance of an act of devotion; formerly, the tomb of
a martyr, or some similarly consecrated spot; now, especially, one of
those representations of the successive stages of our Lord's passion
which are often placed round the naves of large churches and by the
side of the way leading to sacred edifices or shrines, and which are
visited in rotation, stated services being performed at each; --
called also Station of the cross. Fairholt.
Station bill. (Naut.) Same as Quarter bill, under Quarter. -- Station
house. (a) The house serving for the headquarters of the police
assigned to a certain district, and as a place of temporary
confinement. (b) The house used as a shelter at a railway station. --
Station master, one who has charge of a station, esp. of a railway
station. -- Station pointer (Surv.), an instrument for locating on a
chart the position of a place from which the angles subtended by three
distant objects, whose positions are known, have been observed. --
Station staff (Surv.), an instrument for taking angles in surveying.
Craig. Syn. -- Station, Depot. In the United States, a stopping place
on a railway for passengers and freight is commonly called a depot:
but to a considerable extent in official use, and in common speech,
the more appropriate name, station, has been adopted.
Station
Sta"tion (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stationed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stationing.] To place; to set; to appoint or assign to the occupation
of a post, place, or office; as, to station troops on the right of an
army; to station a sentinel on a rampart; to station ships on the
coasts of Africa.
He gained the brow of the hill, where the English phalanx was
stationed. Lyttelton.
Stational
Sta"tion*al (?), a. [L. stationalis: cf. F. stationnale (\'82glise).]
Of or pertaining to a station. [R.]
Stationariness
Sta"tion*a*ri*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being stationary;
fixity.
Stationary
Sta"tion*a*ry (?), a. [L. stationarius: cf. F. stationnaire. Cf.
Stationer.]
1. Not moving; not appearing to move; stable; fixed.
Charles Wesley, who is a more stationary man, does not believe the
story. Southey.
2. Not improving or getting worse; not growing wiser, greater, better,
more excellent, or the contrary.
3. Appearing to be at rest, because moving in the line of vision; not
progressive or retrograde, as a planet.
Stationary air (Physiol.), the air which under ordinary circumstances
does not leave the lungs in respiration. -- Stationary engine. (a) A
steam engine thet is permanently placed, in distinction from a
portable engine, locomotive, marine engine, etc. Specifically: (b) A
factory engine, in distinction from a blowing, pumping, or other kind
of engine which is also permanently placed.
Stationary
Sta"tion*a*ry (?), n.; pl. -ries (. One who, or that which, is
stationary, as a planet when apparently it has neither progressive nor
retrograde motion. Holland.
Stationer
Sta"tion*er (?), n. [Cf. Stationary, a.]
1. A bookseller or publisher; -- formerly so called from his occupying
a stand, or station, in the market place or elsewhere. [Obs.] Dryden.
2. One who sells paper, pens, quills, inkstands, pencils, blank books,
and other articles used in writing.
Stationery
Sta"tion*er*y (?), n. The articles usually sold by stationers, as
paper, pens, ink, quills, blank books, etc.
Stationery
Sta"tion*er*y, a. Belonging to, or sold by, a stationer.
Statism
Sta"tism (?), n. [From State.] The art of governing a state;
statecraft; policy. [Obs.]
The enemies of God . . . call our religion statism. South.
Statist
Sta"tist (?), n. [From State.]
1. A statesman; a politician; one skilled in government. [Obs.]
Statists indeed, And lovers of their country. Milton.
2. A statistician. Fawcett.
Statistic, Statistical
Sta*tis"tic (?), Sta*tis"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. statistique.] Of or
pertaining to statistics; as, statistical knowledge, statistical
tabulation.
Statistically
Sta*tis"tic*al*ly, adv. In the way of statistics.
Statistician
Stat`is*ti"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. statisticien.] One versed in
statistics; one who collects and classifies facts for statistics.
Statistics
Sta*tis"tics (?), n. [Cf. F. statistique, G. statistik. See State, n.]
1. The science which has to do with the collection and classification
of certain facts respecting the condition of the people in a state.
NOTE: [In this sense gramatically singular.]
2. pl. Classified facts respecting the condition of the people in a
state, their health, their longevity, domestic economy, arts,
property, and political strength, their resources, the state of the
country, etc., or respecting any particular class or interest;
especially, those facts which can be stated in numbers, or in tables
of numbers, or in any tabular and classified arrangement. <-- 3. The
branch of mathematics which studies methods for the calculation of
probabilities. -->
Statistology
Stat`is*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Statistics + -logy.] See Statistics, 2.
Stative
Sta"tive (?), a. [L. stativus, fr. stare, statum, to stand.] (Mil.) Of
or pertaining to a fixed camp, or military posts or quarters. [Obs. or
R.]
Statoblast
Stat"o*blast (?), n. [Gr. i.e., remaining) + -blast.] (Zo\'94l.) One
of a peculiar kind of internal buds, or germs, produced in the
interior of certain Bryozoa and sponges, especially in the fresh-water
species; -- also called winter buds.
NOTE: &hand; They are protected by a firm covering, and are usually
destined to perpetuate the species during the winter season. They
burst open and develop in the spring. In some fresh-water sponges
they serve to preserve the species during the dry season. See
Illust. under Phylactol\'91mata.
Statocracy
Sta*toc"ra*cy (?), n. [State + -cracy, as in democracy.] Government by
the state, or by political power, in distinction from government by
ecclesiastical power. [R.] O. A. Brownson.
Statua
Stat"u*a (?), n. [L.] A statue. [Obs.]
They spake not a word; But, like dumb statuas or breathing stones,
Gazed each on other. Shak.
Statuary
Stat"u*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Statuaries (#). [L. statuarius, n., fr.
statuarius, a., of or belonging to statues, fr. statua statue: cf. F.
statuaire. See Statue.]
1. One who practices the art of making statues.
On other occasions the statuaries took their subjects from the
poets. Addison.
2. [L. statuaria (sc. ars): cf. F. statuaire.] The art of carving
statues or images as representatives of real persons or things; a
branch of sculpture. Sir W. Temple.
3. A collection of statues; statues, collectively.
Statue
Stat"ue (?), n. [F., fr. L. statua (akin to stativus standing still),
fr. stare, statum, to stand. See Stand.]
1. The likeness of a living being sculptured or modeled in some solid
substance, as marble, bronze, or wax; an image; as, a statue of
Hercules, or of a lion.
I will raise her statue in pure gold. Shak.
2. A portrait. [Obs.] Massinger.
Statue
Stat"ue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Statued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Statuing.]
To place, as a statue; to form a statue of; to make into a statue.
"The whole man becomes as if statued into stone and earth." Feltham.
Statued
Stat"ued (?), a. Adorned with statues. "The statued hall." Longfellow.
"Statued niches." G. Eliot.
Statueless
Stat"ue*less (?), a. Without a statue.
Statuelike
Stat"ue*like` (?), a. Like a statue; motionless.
Statuesque
Stat`u*esque" (?), a. Partaking of, or exemplifying, the
characteristics of a statue; having the symmetry, or other excellence,
of a statue artistically made; as, statuesquelimbs; a statuesque
attitude.
Their characters are mostly statuesque even in this respect, that
they have no background. Hare.
Statuesquely
Stat`u*esque"ly, adv. In a statuesque manner; in a way suggestive of a
statue; like a statue.
A character statuesquely simple in its details. Lowell.
Statuette
Stat`u*ette" (?), n. [F., cf. It. statuetta.] A small statue; --
usually applied to a figure much less than life size, especially when
of marble or bronze, or of plaster or clay as a preparation for the
marble or bronze, as distinguished from a figure in terra cotta or the
like. Cf. Figurine.
Statuminate
Sta*tu"mi*nate (?), v. t. [L. statuminatus, p.p. of statuminare to
prop, fr. statumen a prop, fr. statuere to place.] To prop or support.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
Stature
Stat"ure (?), n. [F. stature, OF. estature, from L. statura,
originally, an upright posture, hence, height or size of the body,
from stare, statum, to stand. See Stand.] The natural height of an
animal body; -- generally used of the human body.
Foreign men of mighty stature came. Dryden.
Statured
Stat"ured (?), a. Arrived at full stature. [R.]
Status
Sta"tus (?), n. [L.] State; condition; position of affairs.
Status in quo, Status quo
Sta"tus in` quo" (?), Sta"tus quo". [L., state in which.] The state in
which anything is already. The phrase is also used retrospectively, as
when, on a treaty of place, matters return to the status quo ante
bellum, or are left in statu quo ante bellum, i.e., the state (or, in
the state) before the war.<-- usu. status quo -->
Statutable
Stat"u*ta*ble (?), a.
1. Made or introduced by statute; proceeding from an act of the
legistature; as, a statutable provision or remedy.
2. Made or being in conformity to statute; standard; as, statutable
measures.
Statutably
Stat"u*ta*bly, adv. Conformably to statute.
Statute
Stat"ute (?), n. [F. statut, LL. statutum, from L. statutus, p.p. of
statuere to set, station, ordain, fr. status position, station, fr.
stare, statum, to stand. See Stand, and cf. Constitute, Destitute.]
1. An act of the legislature of a state or country, declaring,
commanding, or prohibiting something; a positive law; the written will
of the legislature expressed with all the requisite forms of
legislation; -- used in distinction fraom common law. See Common law,
under Common, a. Bouvier.
NOTE: &hand; St atute is co mmonly ap plied to th e ac ts of a
legislative body consisting of representatives. In monarchies,
legislature laws of the sovereign are called edicts, decrees,
ordinances, rescripts, etc. In works on international law and in
the Roman law, the term is used as embracing all laws imposed by
competent authority. Statutes in this sense are divided into
statutes real, statutes personal, and statutes mixed; statutes real
applying to immovables; statutes personal to movables; and statutes
mixed to both classes of property.
2. An act of a corporation or of its founder, intended as a permanent
rule or law; as, the statutes of a university.
3. An assemblage of farming servants (held possibly by statute) for
the purpose of being hired; -- called also statute fair. [Eng.] Cf. 3d
Mop, 2. Halliwell.
Statute book, a record of laws or legislative acts. Blackstone. --
Statute cap, a kind of woolen cap; -- so called because enjoined to be
worn by a statute, dated in 1571, in behalf of the trade of cappers.
[Obs.] Halliwell. -- Statute fair. See Statute, n., 3, above. --
Statute labor, a definite amount of labor required for the public
service in making roads, bridges, etc., as in certain English
colonies. -- Statute merchant (Eng. Law), a bond of record pursuant to
the stat. 13 Edw. I., acknowledged in form prescribed, on which, if
not paid at the day, an execution might be awarded against the body,
lands, and goods of the debtor, and the obligee might hold the lands
until out of the rents and profits of them the debt was satisfied; --
called also a pocket judgment. It is now fallen into disuse. Tomlins.
Bouvier. -- Statute mile. See under Mile. -- Statute of limitations
(Law), a statute assigned a certain time, after which rights can not
be enforced by action. -- Statute staple, a bond of record
acknowledged before the mayor of the staple, by virtue of which the
creditor may, on nonpayment, forthwith have execution against the
body, lands, and goods of the debtor, as in the statute merchant. It
is now disused. Blackstone. Syn. -- Act; regulation; edict; decree.
See Law.
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Page 1407
Statutory
Stat"u*to*ry (?), a. Enacted by statute; depending on statute for its
authority; as, a statutory provision.
Staunch, Staunchly, Staunchness
Staunch (?), Staunch"ly, Staunch"ness, etc. See Stanch, Stanchly, etc.
Staurolite
Stau"ro*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A mineral of a brown to black
color occurring in prismatic crystals, often twinned so as to form
groups resembling a cross. It is a silicate of aluminia and iron, and
is generally found imbedded in mica schist. Called also granatite, and
grenatite.
Staurolitic
Stau`ro*lit"ic (?), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to staurolite;
resembling or containing staurolite.
Stauroscope
Stau"ro*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Crystallog.) An optical
instrument used in determining the position of the planes of
light-vibration in sections of crystals.
Staurotide
Stau"ro*tide (?), n. [F. staurotide, from Gr. (Min.) Staurolite.
Stave
Stave (?), n. [From Staff, and corresponding to the pl. staves. See
Staff.]
1. One of a number of narrow strips of wood, or narrow iron plates,
placed edge to edge to form the sides, covering, or lining of a vessel
or structure; esp., one of the strips which form the sides of a cask,
a pail, etc.
2. One of the cylindrical bars of a lantern wheel; one of the bars or
rounds of a rack, a ladder, etc.
3. A metrical portion; a stanza; a staff.
Let us chant a passing stave In honor of that hero brave.
Wordsworth.
4. (Mus.) The five horizontal and parallel lines on and between which
musical notes are written or pointed; the staff. [Obs.]
Stave jointer, a machine for dressing the edges of staves.
Stave
Stave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Staved (?) or Stove (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Staving.] [From Stave, n., or Staff, n.]
1. To break in a stave or the staves of; to break a hole in; to burst;
-- often with in; as, to stave a cask; to stave in a boat.
2. To push, as with a staff; -- with off.
The condition of a servant staves him off to a distance. South.
3. To delay by force or craft; to drive away; -- usually with off; as,
to stave off the execution of a project.
And answered with such craft as women use, Guilty or guilties, to
stave off a chance That breaks upon them perilously. Tennyson.
4. To suffer, or cause, to be lost by breaking the cask.
All the wine in the city has been staved. Sandys.
5. To furnish with staves or rundles. Knolles.
6. To render impervious or solid by driving with a calking iron; as,
to stave lead, or the joints of pipes into which lead has been run.
To stave and tail, in bear baiting, (to stave) to interpose with the
staff, doubtless to stop the bear; (to tail) to hold back the dog by
the tail. Nares.
Stave
Stave, v. i. To burst in pieces by striking against something; to dash
into fragments.
Like a vessel of glass she stove and sank. Longfellow.
Staves
Staves (?), n.; pl. of Staff. "Banners, scarves and staves." R.
Browning. Also (st&amac;vz), pl. of Stave.
Stavesacre
Staves"a`cre (?), n. [Corrupted from NL. staphis agria, Gr. (Bot.) A
kind of larkspur (Delphinium Staphysagria), and its seeds, which are
violently purgative and emetic. They are used as a parasiticide, and
in the East for poisoning fish.
Stavewood
Stave`wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A tall tree (Simaruba amara) growing in
tropical America. It is one of the trees which yields quassia.
Staving
Stav"ing (?), n. A cassing or lining of staves; especially, one
encircling a water wheel.
Staw
Staw (?), v. i. [Cf. Dan. staae to stand, Sw. st\'86. \'fb163.] To be
fixed or set; to stay. [Prov. Eng.]
Stay
Stay (?), n. [AS. st\'91g, akin to D., G., Icel., Sw., & Dan. stag;
cf. OF. estai, F. \'82tai, of Teutonic origin.] (Naut.) A large,
strong rope, employed to support a mast, by being extended from the
head of one mast down to some other, or to some part of the vessel.
Those which lead forward are called fore-and-aft stays; those which
lead to the vessel's side are called backstays. See Illust. of Ship.
In stays, OR Hove in stays (Naut.), in the act or situation of
staying, or going about from one tack to another. R. H. Dana, Jr. --
Stay holes (Naut.), openings in the edge of a staysail through which
the hanks pass which join it to the stay. -- Stay tackle (Naut.), a
tackle attached to a stay and used for hoisting or lowering heavy
articles over the side. -- To miss stays (Naut.), to fail in the
attempt to go about. Totten. -- Triatic stay (Naut.), a rope secured
at the ends to the heads of the foremast and mainmast with thimbles
spliced to its bight into which the stay tackles hook.
Stay
Stay (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stayed (?) or Staid (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Staying.] [OF. estayer, F. \'82tayer to prop, fr. OF. estai, F.
\'82tai, a prop, probably fr. OD. stade, staeye, a prop, akin to E.
stead; or cf. stay a rope to support a mast. Cf. Staid, a., Stay, v.
i.]
1. To stop from motion or falling; to prop; to fix firmly; to hold up;
to support.
Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the
other on the other side. Ex. xvii. 12.
Sallows and reeds . . . for vineyards useful found To stay thy
vines. Dryden.
2. To support from sinking; to sustain with strength; to satisfy in
part or for the time.
He has devoured a whole loaf of bread and butter, and it has not
staid his stomach for a minute. Sir W. Scott.
3. To bear up under; to endure; to support; to resist successfully.
She will not stay the siege of loving terms, Nor bide the encounter
of assailing eyes. Shak.
4. To hold from proceeding; to withhold; to restrain; to stop; to
hold.
Him backward overthrew and down him stayed With their rude hands
grisly grapplement. Spenser.
All that may stay their minds from thinking that true which they
heartly wish were false. Hooker.
5. To hinde
Your ships are stayed at Venice. Shak.
This business staid me in London almost a week. Evelyn.
I was willing to stay my reader on an argument that appeared to me
new. Locke.
6. To remain for the purpose of; to wait for. "I stay dinner there."
Shak.
7. To cause to cease; to put an end to.
Stay your strife. Shak.
For flattering planets seemed to say This child should ills of ages
stay. Emerson.
8. (Engin.) To fasten or secure with stays; as, to stay a flat sheet
in a steam boiler.
9. (Naut.) To tack, as a vessel, so that the other side of the vessel
shall be presented to the wind.
To stay a mast (Naut.), to incline it forward or aft, or to one side,
by the stays and backstays.
Stay
Stay (?), v. i. [\'fb163. See Stay to hold up, prop.]
1. To remain; to continue in a place; to abide fixed for a space of
time; to stop; to stand still.
She would command the hasty sun to stay. Spenser.
Stay, I command you; stay and hear me first. Dryden.
I stay a little longer, as one stays To cover up the embers that
still burn. Longfellow.
2. To continue in a state.
The flames augment, and stay At their full height, then languish to
decay. Dryden.
3. To wait; to attend; to forbear to act.
I'll tell thee all my whole device When I am in my coach, which
stays for us. Shak.
The father can not stay any longer for the fortune. Locke.
4. To dwell; to tarry; to linger.
I must stay a little on one action. Dryden.
5. To rest; to depend; to rely; to stand; to insist.
I stay here on my bond. Shak.
Ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and
stay thereon. Isa. xxx. 12.
6. To come to an end; to cease; as, that day the storm stayed.
[Archaic]
Here my commission stays. Shak.
7. To hold out in a race or other contest; as, a horse stays well.
[Colloq.]
8. (Naut.) To change tack; as a ship.
Stay
Stay, n. [Cf. OF. estai, F. \'82tai support, and E. stay a rope to
support a mast.]
1. That which serves as a prop; a support. "My only strength and
stay." Milton.
Trees serve as so many stays for their vines. Addison.
Lord Liverpool is the single stay of this ministry. Coleridge.
2. pl. A corset stiffened with whalebone or other material, worn by
women, and rarely by men.
How the strait stays the slender waist constrain. Gay.
3. Continuance in a place; abode for a space of time; sojourn; as, you
make a short stay in this city.
Make haste, and leave thy business and thy care; No mortal interest
can be worth thy stay. Dryden.
Embrace the hero and his stay implore. Waller.
4. Cessation of motion or progression; stand; stop.
Made of sphere metal, never to decay Until his revolution was at
stay. Milton.
Affairs of state seemed rather to stand at a stay. Hayward.
5. Hindrance; let; check. [Obs.]
They were able to read good authors without any stay, if the book
were not false. Robynson (more's Utopia).
6. Restraint of passion; moderation; caution; steadiness; sobriety.
[Obs.] "Not grudging that thy lust hath bounds and stays." Herbert.
The wisdom, stay, and moderation of the king. Bacon.
With prudent stay he long deferred The rough contention. Philips.
7. (Engin.) Strictly, a part in tension to hold the parts together, or
stiffen them.
Stay bolt (Mech.), a bolt or short rod, connecting opposite plates, so
as to prevent them from being bulged out when acted upon by a pressure
which tends to force them apart, as in the leg of a steam boiler. --
Stay busk, a stiff piece of wood, steel, or whalebone, for the front
support of a woman's stays. Cf. Busk. -- Stay rod, a rod which acts as
a stay, particularly in a steam boiler.
Stayed
Stayed (?), a. Staid; fixed; settled; sober; -- now written staid. See
Staid. Bacon. Pope.
Stayedly
Stayed"ly, adv. Staidly. See Staidly. [R.]
Stayedness
Stayed"ness, n.
1. Staidness. [Archaic] W. Whately.
2. Solidity; weight. [R.] Camden.
Stayer
Stay"er (?), n. One who upholds or supports that which props; one who,
or that which, stays, stops, or restrains; also, colloquially, a
horse, man, etc., that has endurance, an a race.
Staylace
Stay"lace` (?), n. A lace for fastening stays.
Stayless
Stay"less, a. Without stop or delay. Mir. for Mag.
Staymaker
Stay"mak`er (?), n. One whose occupation is to make stays.
Staynil
Stay"nil (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European starling. [Prov. Eng.]
Staysail
Stay"sail` (?), n. (Naut.) Any sail extended on a stay.
Stayship
Stay"ship` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A remora, -- fabled to stop ships by
attaching itself to them.
Stead
Stead (?), n. [OE. stede place, AS. stede; akin to LG. & D. stede, OS.
stad, stedi, OHG. stat, G. statt, st\'84tte, Icel. sta&edh;r, Dan.
sted, Sw. stad, Goth. sta, and E. stand. \'fb163. See Stand, and cf.
Staith, Stithy.]
1. Place, or spot, in general. [Obs., except in composition.] Chaucer.
Fly, therefore, fly this fearful stead anon. Spenser.
2. Place or room which another had, has, or might have. "Stewards of
your steads." Piers Plowman.
In stead of bounds, he a pillar set. Chaucer.
3. A frame on which a bed is laid; a bedstead. [R.]
The genial bed, Sallow the feet, the borders, and the stead.
Dryden.
4. A farmhouse and offices. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd is now commonly used as the last part of a
compound; as, farmstead, homestead, readstead, etc.
In stead of, in place of. See Instead. -- To stand in stead, OR To do
stead, to be of use or great advantage.
The smallest act . . . shall stand us in great stead. Atterbury.
Here thy sword can do thee little stead. Milton.
Stead
Stead, v. t.
1. To help; to support; to benefit; to assist.
Perhaps my succour or advisement meet, Mote stead you much your
purpose to subdue. Spenser.
It nothing steads us To chide him from our eaves. Shak.
2. To fill place of. [Obs.] Shak.
Steadfast
Stead"fast (?), a. [Stead + fast, that is, fast in place.] [Written
also stedfast.]
1. Firmly fixed or established; fast fixed; firm. "This steadfast
globe of earth." Spenser.
2. Not fickle or wavering; constant; firm; resolute; unswerving;
steady. "Steadfast eye." Shak.
Abide steadfast unto him [thy neighbor] in the time of his trouble.
Ecclus. xxii. 23.
Whom resist steadfast in the faith. 1 Pet. v. 9.
Steadfastly
Stead"fast*ly, adv. In a steadfast manner; firmly.
Steadfast believe that whatever God has revealed is infallibly
true. Wake.
Steadfastness
Stead"fast*ness, n. The quality or state of being steadfast; firmness;
fixedness; constancy. "The steadfastness of your faith." Col. ii. 5.
To prove her wifehood and her steadfastness. Chaucer.
Steadily
Stead"i*ly (?), adv. In a steady manner.
Steadiness
Stead"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being steady.
Steadiness is a point of prudence as well as of courage.
L'Estrange.
Syn. -- Constancy; resolution; unchangeableness.
Steading
Stead"ing (?), n. The brans, stables, cattle-yards, etc., of a farm;
-- called also onstead, farmstead, farm offices, or farmery. [Prov.
Eng. & Scot.]
Steady
Stead"y (?), a. [Compar. Steadier (?); superl. Steadiest.] [Cf. AS.
stedig sterile, barren, st\'91, steady (in gest\'91), D. stedig,
stadig, steeg, G. st\'84tig, stetig. See Stead, n.]
1. Firm in standing or position; not tottering or shaking; fixed;
firm. "The softest, steadiest plume." Keble.
Their feet steady, their hands diligent, their eyes watchful, and
their hearts resolute. Sir P. Sidney.
2. Constant in feeling, purpose, or pursuit; not fickle, changeable,
or wavering; not easily moved or persuaded to alter a purpose;
resolute; as, a man steady in his principles, in his purpose, or in
the pursuit of an object.
3. Regular; constant; undeviating; uniform; as, the steady course of
the sun; a steady breeze of wind. Syn. -- Fixed; regular; uniform;
undeviating; invariable; unremitted; stable.
Steady rest (Mach), a rest in a turning lathe, to keep a long piece of
work from trembling.
Steady
Stead"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Steadied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Steadying.]
To make steady; to hold or keep from shaking, reeling, or falling; to
make or keep firm; to support; to make constant, regular, or resolute.
Steady
Stead"y, v. i. To become steady; to regain a steady position or state;
to move steadily.
Without a breeze, without a tide, She steadies with upright keel.
Coleridge.
Steak
Steak (?), n. [OE. steike, Icel. steik, akin to Icel. steikja to
roast, stikna to be roasted or scorched, and E. stick, the steak being
broiled on a spit. See Stick, v. t.] A slice of beef, broiled, or cut
for broiling; -- also extended to the meat of other large animals; as,
venison steak; bear steak; pork steak; turtle steak.
Steal
Steal (?), n. [See Stale a handle.] A handle; a stale, or stele.
[Archaic or Prov. Eng.]
And in his hand a huge poleax did bear. Whose steale was
iron-studded but not long. Spenser.
Steal
Steal (?), v. t. [imp. Stole (?); p. p. Stolen (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stealing.] [OE. stelen, AS. stelan; akin to OFries. stela, D. stelen,
OHG. stelan, G. stehlen, Icel. stela, SW. stj\'84la, Dan. sti\'91le,
Goth. stilan.]
1. To take and carry away, feloniously; to take without right or
leave, and with intent to keep wrongfully; as, to steal the personal
goods of another.
Maugre thy heed, thou must for indigence Or steal, or borrow, thy
dispense. Chaucer.
The man who stole a goose and gave away the giblets in G. Eliot.
2. To withdraw or convey clandestinely (reflexive); hence, to creep
furtively, or to insinuate.
They could insinuate and steal themselves under the same by their
humble carriage and submission. Spenser.
He will steal himself into a man's favor. Shak.
3. To gain by insinuating arts or covert means.
So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel. 2 Sam. xv. 6.
4. To get into one's power gradually and by imperceptible degrees; to
take possession of by a gradual and imperceptible appropriation; --
with away.
Variety of objects has a tendency to steal away the mind from its
steady pursuit of any subject. I. Watts.
5. To accomplish in a concealed or unobserved manner; to try to carry
out secretly; as, to steal a look.
Always, when thou changest thine opinion or course, profess it
plainly, . . . and do not think to steal it. Bacon.
To steal a march, to march in a covert way; to gain an advantage
unobserved; -- formerly followed by of, but now by on or upon, and
sometimes by over; as, to steal a march upon one's political rivals.
She yesterday wanted to steal a march of poor Liddy. Smollett.
Fifty thousand men can not easily steal a march over the sea.
Walpole.
Syn. -- To filch; pilfer; purloin; thieve.
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Steal
Steal (?), v. i.
1. To practice, or be guilty of, theft; to commit larceny or theft.
Thou shalt not steal. Ex. xx. 15.
2. To withdraw, or pass privily; to slip in, along, or away,
unperceived; to go or come furtively. Chaucer.
Fixed of mind to avoid further entreaty, and to fly all company,
one night she stole away. Sir P. Sidney.
From whom you now must steal, and take no leave. Shak.
A soft and solemn breathing sound Rose like a steam of rich,
distilled perfumes, And stole upon the air. Milton.
Stealer
Steal"er (?), n.
1. One who steals; a thief.
2. (Shipbuilding) The endmost plank of a strake which stops short of
the stem or stern.
Stealing
Steal"ing, n.
1. The act of taking feloniously the personal property of another
without his consent and knowledge; theft; larceny.
2. That which is stolen; stolen property; -- chiefly used in the
plural.
Stealingly
Steal"ing*ly, adv. By stealing, or as by stealing, furtively, or by an
invisible motion. Sir P. Sidney.
Stealth
Stealth (?), n. [OE. staple. See Steal, v. t.]
1. The act of stealing; theft. [Obs.]
The owner proveth the stealth to have been committed upon him by
such an outlaw. Spenser.
2. The thing stolen; stolen property. [Obs.] "Sluttish dens . . .
serving to cover stealths." Sir W. Raleigh.
3. The bringing to pass anything in a secret or concealed manner; a
secret procedure; a clandestine practice or action; -- in either a
good or a bad sense.
Do good by stealth, and blush to find it fame. Pope.
The monarch, blinded with desire of wealth, With steel invades the
brother's life by stealth. Dryden.
I told him of your stealth unto this wood. Shak.
Stealthful
Stealth"ful (?), a. Given to stealth; stealthy. [Obs.] --
Stealth"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] -- Stealth"ful*ness, n. [Obs.]
Stealthily
Stealth"i*ly (?), adv. In a stealthy manner.
Stealthiness
Stealth"i*ness, n. The state, quality, or character of being stealthy;
stealth.
Stealthlike
Stealth"like` (?), a. Stealthy; sly. Wordsworth.
Stealthy
Stealth"y (?), a. [Compar. Stealthier (?); superl. Stealthiest.] Done
by stealth; accomplished clandestinely; unperceived; secret; furtive;
sly.
[Withered murder] with his stealthy pace, . . . Moves like a ghost.
Shak.
Steam
Steam (?), n. [OE. stem, steem, vapor, flame, AS. ste\'a0m vapor,
smoke, odor; akin to D. stoom steam, perhaps originally, a pillar, or
something rising like a pillar; cf. Gr. stand.]
1. The elastic, a\'89riform fluid into which water is converted when
heated to the boiling points; water in the state of vapor.
2. The mist formed by condensed vapor; visible vapor; -- so called in
popular usage.
3. Any exhalation. "A steam og rich, distilled perfumes." Milton.
Dry steam, steam which does not contain water held in suspension
mechanically; -- sometimes applied to superheated steam. -- Exhaust
steam. See under Exhaust. -- High steam, OR High-pressure steam, steam
of which the pressure greatly exceeds that of the atmosphere. -- Low
steam, OR Low-pressure steam, steam of which the pressure is less
than, equal to, or not greatly above, that of the atmosphere. --
Saturated steam, steam at the temperature of the boiling point which
corresponds to its pressure; -- sometimes also applied to wet steam.
-- Superheated steam, steam heated to a temperature higher than the
boiling point corresponding to its pressure. It can not exist in
contact with water, nor contain water, and resembles a perfect gas; --
called also surcharged steam, anhydrous steam, and steam gas. -- Wet
steam, steam which contains water held in suspension mechanically; --
called also misty steam.
NOTE: &hand; St eam is often used adjectively, and in combination,
to denote, produced by heat, or operated by power, derived from
steam, in distinction from other sources of power; as in steam
boiler or steam-boiler, steam dredger or steam-dredger, steam
engine or steam-engine, steam heat, steam plow or steam-plow, etc.
Steam blower. (a) A blower for producing a draught consisting of a jet
or jets of steam in a chimney or under a fire. (b) A fan blower driven
directly by a steam engine. -- Steam boiler, a boiler for producing
steam. See Boiler, 3, and Note. In the illustration, the shell a of
the boiler is partly in section, showing the tubes, or flues, which
the hot gases, from the fire beneath the boiler, enter, after
traversing the outside of the shell, and through which the gases are
led to the smoke pipe d, which delivers them to the chimney; b is the
manhole; c the dome; e the steam pipe; f the feed and blow-off pipe; g
the safety value; hthe water gauge. -- Steam car, a car driven by
steam power, or drawn by a locomotive. -- Steam carriage, a carriage
upon wheels moved on common roads by steam. -- Steam casing. See Steam
jacket, under Jacket. -- Steam chest, the box or chamber from which
steam is distributed to the cylinder of a steam engine, steam pump,
etc., and which usually contains one or more values; -- called also
valve chest, and valve box. See Illust. of Slide valve, under Slide.
-- Steam chimney, an annular chamber around the chimney of a boiler
furnace, for drying steam. -- Steam coil, a coil of pipe, or
collection of connected pipes, for containing steam; -- used for
heating, drying, etc. -- Steam colors (Calico Printing), colors in
which the chemical reaction fixed the coloring matter in the fiber is
produced by steam. -- Steam cylinder, the cylinder of a steam engine,
which contains the piston. See Illust. of Slide valve, under Slide. --
Steam dome (Steam Boilers), a chamber upon the top of the boiler, from
which steam is conduced to the engine. See Illust. of Steam boiler,
above. -- Steam fire engine, a fire engine consisting of a steam
boiler and engine, and pump which is driven by the engine, combined
and mounted on wheels. It is usually drawn by horses, but is sometimes
made self-propelling. -- Steam fitter, a fitter of steam pipes. --
Steam fitting, the act or the occupation of a steam fitter; also, a
pipe fitting for steam pipes. -- Steam gas. See Superheated steam,
above. -- Steam gauge, an instrument for indicating the pressure of
the steam in a boiler. The mercurial steam gauge is a bent tube
partially filled with mercury, one end of which is connected with the
boiler while the other is open to the air, so that the steam by its
pressure raises the mercury in the long limb of the tume to a height
proportioned to that pressure. A more common form, especially for high
pressures, consists of a spring pressed upon by the steam, and
connected with the pointer of a dial. The spring may be a flattened,
bent tube, closed at one end, which the entering steam tends to
straighten, or it may be a diaphragm of elastic metal, or a mass of
confined air, etc. -- Steam gun, a machine or contrivance from which
projectiles may be thrown by the elastic force of steam. -- Steam
hammer, a hammer for forging, which is worked directly by steam;
especially, a hammer which is guided vertically and operated by a
vertical steam cylinder located directly over an anvil. In the variety
known as Nasmyth's, the cylinder is fixed, and the hammer is attached
to the piston rod. In that known as Condie's, the piston is fixed, and
the hammer attached to the lower end of the cylinder. -- Steam heater.
(a) A radiator heated by steam. (b) An apparatus consisting of a steam
boiler, radiator, piping, and fixures for warming a house by steam. --
Steam jacket. See under Jacket. -- Steam packet, a packet or vessel
propelled by steam, and running periodically between certain ports. --
Steam pipe, any pipe for conveying steam; specifically, a pipe through
which steam is supplied to an engine. -- Steam plow OR plough, a plow,
or gang of plows, moved by a steam engine. -- Steam port, an opening
for steam to pass through, as from the steam chest into the cylinder.
-- Steam power, the force or energy of steam applied to produce
results; power derived from a steam engine. -- Steam propeller. See
Propeller. -- Steam pump, a small pumping engine operated by steam. It
is usually direct-acting. -- Steam room (Steam Boilers), the space in
the boiler above the water level, and in the dome, which contains
steam. -- Steam table, a table on which are dishes heated by steam for
keeping food warm in the carving room of a hotel, restaurant, etc. --
Steam trap, a self-acting device by means of which water that
accumulates in a pipe or vessel containing steam will be discharged
without permitting steam to escape. -- Steam tug, a steam vessel used
in towing or propelling ships. -- Steam vessel, a vessel propelled by
steam; a steamboat or steamship; -- a steamer. -- Steam whistle, an
apparatus attached to a steam boiler, as of a locomotive, through
which steam is rapidly discharged, producing a loud whistle which
serves as a warning signal. The steam issues from a narrow annular
orifice around the upper edge of the lower cup or hemisphere, striking
the thin edge of the bell above it, and producing sound in the manner
of an organ pipe or a common whistle.
Steam
Steam (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Steamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Steaming.]
1. To emit steam or vapor.
My brother's ghost hangs hovering there, O'er his warm blood, that
steams into the air. Dryden.
Let the crude humors dance In heated brass, steaming with fire
intence. J. Philips.
2. To rise in vapor; to issue, or pass off, as vapor.
The dissolved amber . . . steamed away into the air. Boyle.
3. To move or travel by the agency of steam.
The vessel steamed out of port. N. P. Willis.
4. To generate steam; as, the boiler steams well.
Steam
Steam (?), v. t.
1. To exhale. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To expose to the action of steam; to apply steam to for softening,
dressing, or preparing; as, to steam wood; to steamcloth; to steam
food, etc.
Steamboat
Steam"boat` (?), n. A boat or vessel propelled by steam power; --
generally used of river or coasting craft, as distinguished from ocean
steamers.
Steamboating
Steam"boat`ing, n.
1. The occupation or business of running a steamboat, or of
transporting merchandise, passengers, etc., by steamboats.
2. (Bookbinding) The shearing of a pile of books which are as yet
uncovered, or out of boards. Knight.
Steam engine
Steam" en"gine (?). An engine moved by steam.
NOTE: &hand; In it s mo st co mmon forms its essential parts are a
piston, a cylinder, and a valve gear. The piston works in the
cylinder, to which steam is admitted by the action of the valve
gear, and communicates motion to the machinery to be actuated.
Steam engines are thus classified: 1. According to the wat the
steam is used or applied, as condencing, noncondencing, compound,
double-acting, single-acting, triple-expansion, etc. 2. According
to the motion of the piston, as reciprocating, rotary, etc. 3.
According to the motion imparted by the engine, as rotative and
nonrotative. 4. According to the arrangement of the engine, as
stationary, portable, and semiportable engines, beam engine,
oscillating engine, direct-acting and back-acting engines, etc. 5.
According to their uses, as portable, marine, locomotive, pumping,
blowing, winding, and stationary engines. Locomotive and portable
engines are usually high-pressure, noncondencing, rotative, and
direct-acting. Marine engines are high or low pressure, rotative,
and generally condencing, double-acting, and compound. Paddle
engines are generally beam, sideScrew engines are generally
direct-acting, back-acting, or oscillating. Stationary engines
belong to various classes, but are generally rotative. A horizontal
or inclined stationary steam engine is called a left-hand or a
right-hand engine when the crank shaft and driving pulley are on
the left-hand side, or the right-hand side, respectively, or the
engine, to a person looking at them from the cylinder, and is said
to run forward or backward when the crank traverses the upward
half, or lower half, respectively, of its path, while the piston
rod makes its stroke outward from the cylinder. A marine engine, or
the engine of a locomotive, is said to run forward when its motion
is such as would propel the vessel or the locomotive forward. Steam
engines are further classified as double-cylinder, disk,
semicylinder, trunk engines, etc. Machines, such as cranes,
hammers, etc., of which the steam engine forms a part, are called
steam cranes, steam hammers, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.
Back-acting, OR Back-action, steam engine, a steam engine in which the
motion is transmitted backward from the crosshead to a crank which is
between the crosshead and the cylinder, or beyond the cylinder. --
Portable steam engine, a steam engine combined with, and attached to,
a boiler which is mounted on wheels so as to admit of easy
transportation; -- used for driving machinery in the field, as
trashing machines, draining pumps, etc. -- Semiportable steam engine,
a steam engine combined with, and attached to, a steam boiler, but not
mounted on wheels.
Steamer
Steam"er (?), n.
1. A vessel propelled by steam; a steamship or steamboat.
2. A steam fire engine. See under Steam.
3. A road locomotive for use on common roads, as in agricultural
operations.
4. A vessel in which articles are subjected to the action of steam, as
in washing, in cookery, and in various processes of manufacture.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The steamer duck.
Steamer duck (Zo\'94l.), a sea duck (Tachyeres cinereus), native of
Patagonia and Terra del Fuego, which swims and dives with great
agility, but which, when full grown, is incapable of flight, owing to
its very small wings. Called also loggerhead, race horse, and side
wheel duck.
Steaminess
Steam"i*ness (?), n. The quality or condition of being steamy;
vaporousness; mistness.
Steamship
Steam"ship` (?), n. A ship or seagoing vessel propelled by the power
of steam; a steamer.
Steamy
Steam"y (?), a. Consisting of, or resembling, steam; full of steam;
vaporous; misty. Cowper.
Stean
Stean (?), n. & v. See Steen. Spenser.
Steaningp
Stean"ingp, n. See Steening.
Steapsin
Ste*ap"sin (?), n. (Physiol Chem.) An unorganized ferment or enzyme
present in pancreatic juice. It decomposes neutral fats into glycerin
and fatty acids.
Stearate
Ste"a*rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of stearic acid; as, ordinary soap
consists largely of sodium or potassium stearates.
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Page 1409
Stearic
Ste*ar"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. st\'82arique.] (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining
to, or obtained from, stearin or tallow; resembling tallow. Stearic
acid (Chem.), a monobasic fatty acid, obtained in the form of white
crystalline scales, soluble in alcohol and ether. It melts to an oily
liquid at 69\'f8C.<-- b.p. 383°. C18H36O2, CH3.(CH2)16.COOH; sodium
stearate, with sodium palmitate, is the main component of ordinary bar
soaps (Such as Ivory soap). -->
Stearin
Ste"a*rin (?), n. [Gr. st\'82arine.] (Physiol. Chem.) One of the
constituents of animal fats and also of some vegetable fats, as the
butter of cacao. It is especially characterized by its solidity, so
that when present in considerable quantity it materially increases the
hardness, or raises the melting point, of the fat, as in mutton
tallow. Chemically, it is a compound of glyceryl with three molecules
of stearic acid, and hence is technically called tristearin, or
glyceryl tristearate.
Stearolic
Ste`a*rol"ic (?), a. [Stearic + oleic + -ic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining
to, or designating, an acid of the acetylene series, isologous with
stearis acid, and obtained, as a white crystalline substance, from
ole\'8bc acid.
Stearone
Ste"a*rone (?), n. (Chem.) The ketone of stearic acid, obtained as a
white crystalline substance, (C17H35)2.CO, by the distillation of
calcium stearate.
Stearoptene
Ste`a*rop"tene (?), n. [Stearic + -optene as in el\'91optene.] (Chem.)
The more solid ingredient of certain volatile oils; -- contrasted with
el\'91optene.
Stearrhea
Ste`ar*rhe"a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) seborrhea.
Stearyl
Ste"a*ryl (?), n. [Stearic + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical
characteristic of stearic acid.
Steatite
Ste"a*tite (?), n. [Gr. st\'82atite.] (Min.) A massive variety of
talc, of a grayish green or brown color. It forms extensive beds, and
is quarried for fireplaces and for coarse utensils. Called also
potstone, lard stone, and soapstone.
Steatitic
Ste`a*tit"ic (?), n. (Min.) Pertaining to, or of the nature of,
steatite; containing or resembling steatite.
Steatoma
Ste`a*to"ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) A cyst containing matter like
suet.
Steatomatous
Ste`a*tom"a*tous (?), a. (Med.) Of the nature of steatoma.
Steatopyga
Ste`a*top"y*ga (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A remarkable accretion of fat
upon the buttocks of Africans of certain tribes, especially of
Hottentot women.
Steatopygous
Ste`a*top"y*gous (?), a. Having fat buttocks.
Specimens of the steatopygous Abyssinian breed. Burton.
Sted, n., Stedfast
Sted (?), n., Sted"fast (, a., Sted"fast*ly, adv., etc. See Stead,
Steadfast, etc.
Stee
Stee (?), n. [Cf. G. stiege. \'fb164. See Stair.] A ladder. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] [Written also stey.]
Steed
Steed (?), n. [OE. stede, AS. st\'c7da a stud-horse, war horse, fr.
st\'d3d a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel.
stedda, st\'d3, a stud. \'fb163. See Stud of horses.] A horse,
especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in
poetry or stately prose. "A knight upon a steed." Chaucer.
Mounted upon a hot and fiery steed. Shak.
Steedless
Steed"less, a. Having no steed; without a horse.
Steek, Steik
Steek, Steik (?), v. t. [Cf. Stick, v. t.] To pierce with a sharp
instrument; hence, to stitch; to sew; also, to fix; to fasten. [Scot.]
Steel
Steel (?), n. [AS. st\'c7l, st\'dfl, st\'dfle; akin to D. staal, G.
stahl, OHG. stahal, Icel. st\'bel, Dan. staal, Sw. st\'86l, Old
Prussian stakla.]
1. (Metal) A variety of iron intermediate in composition and
properties between wrought iron and cast iron (containing between one
half of one per cent and one and a half per cent of carbon), and
consisting of an alloy of iron with an iron carbide. Steel, unlike
wrought iron, can be tempered, and retains magnetism. Its malleability
decreases, and fusibility increases, with an increase in carbon.
2. An instrument or implement made of steel; as: -- (a) A weapon, as a
sword, dagger, etc. "Brave Macbeth . . . with his brandished steel."
Shak.
While doubting thus he stood, Received the steel bathed in his
brother's blood. Dryden.
(b) An instrument of steel (usually a round rod) for sharpening
knives. (c) A piece of steel for striking sparks from flint.
3. Fig.: Anything of extreme hardness; that which is characterized by
sternness or rigor. "Heads of steel." Johnson. "Manhood's heart of
steel." Byron.
4. (Med.) A chalybeate medicine. Dunglison.
NOTE: &hand; St eel is of ten us ed in the formation of compounds,
generally of obvious meaning; as, steel-clad, steel-girt,
steel-hearted, steel-plated, steel-pointed, etc.
Bessemer steel (Metal.) See in the Vocabulary. -- Blister steel.
(Metal.) See under Blister. -- Cast steel (Metal.), a fine variety of
steel, originally made by smelting blister or cementation steel;
hence, ordinarily, steel of any process of production when remelted
and cast. -- Cromium steel (Metal.), a hard, tenacious variety
containing a little cromium, and somewhat resembling tungsten steel.
-- Mild steel (Metal.), a kind of steel having a lower proportion of
carbon than ordinary steel, rendering it softer and more malleable. --
Puddled steel (Metal.), a variety of steel produced from cast iron by
the puddling process. -- Steel duck (Zo\'94l.), the goosander, or
merganser. [Prov. Eng.] -- Steel mill. (a) (Firearms) See Wheel lock,
under Wheel. (b) A mill which has steel grinding surfaces. (c) A mill
where steel is manufactured. -- Steel trap, a trap for catching wild
animals. It consists of two iron jaws, which close by means of a
powerful steel spring when the animal disturbs the catch, or tongue,
by which they are kept open. -- Steel wine, wine, usually sherry, in
which steel filings have been placed for a considerable time, -- used
as a medicine. -- Tincture of steel (Med.), an alcoholic solution of
the chloride of iron. -- Tungsten steel (Metal.), a variety of steel
containing a small amount of tungsten, and noted for its tenacity and
hardness, as well as for its malleability and tempering qualities. It
is also noted for its magnetic properties.
Steel
Steel (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Steeled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Steeling.]
[AS. stlan: cf. Icel. st\'91la. See Steel, n.]
1. To overlay, point, or edge with steel; as, to steel a razor; to
steel an ax.
2. To make hard or strong; hence, to make insensible or obdurate.
Lies well steeled with weighty arguments. Shak.
O God of battles! steel my soldier's hearts. Shak.
Why will you fight against so sweet a passion, And steel your heart
to such a world of charms? Addison.
3. Fig.: To cause to resemble steel, as in smoothness, polish, or
other qualities.
These waters, steeled By breezeless air to smoothest polish.
Wordsworth.
4. (Elec.) To cover, as an electrotype plate, with a thin layer of
iron by electrolysis. The iron thus deposited is very hard, like
steel.
Steelbow goods
Steel"bow` goods" (?). (Scots Law) Those goods on a farm, such as
corn, cattle, implements husbandry, etc., which may not be carried off
by a removing tenant, as being the property of the landlord.
Steeler
Steel"er (?), n. One who points, edges, or covers with steel.
Steeler
Steel"er, n. (Shipbuilding) Same as Stealer.
Steelhead
Steel"head` (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A North Pacific salmon (Salmo Gairdneri) found from
Northern California to Siberia; -- called also hardhead, and preesil.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The ruddy duck.
Steeliness
Steel"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being steely.
Steeling
Steel"ing, n. The process of pointing, edging, or overlaying with
steel; specifically, acierage. See Steel, v.
Steely
Steel"y (?), a.
1. Made of steel; consisting of steel. "The steely point of Clifford's
lance." Shak.
Around his shop the steely sparkles flew. Gay.
2. Resembling steel; hard; firm; having the color of steel. "His hair
was steely gray." The Century.
She would unarm her noble heart of that steely resistance against
the sweet blows of love. Sir P. Sidney.
Steely iron, a compound of iron containing less than one half of one
per cent of carbon.
Steelyard
Steel"yard (?), n. [So named from a place in London called the
Steelyard, which was a yard in which steel was sold.] A form of
balance in which the body to be weighed is suspended from the shorter
arm of a lever, which turns on a fulcrum, and a counterpoise is caused
to slide upon the longer arm to produce equilibrium, its place upon
this arm (which is notched or graduated) indicating the weight; a
Roman balance; -- very commonly used also in the plural form,
steelyards.
Steem
Steem (?), n. & v. See Esteem. [Obs.] Spenser.
Steem
Steem, n. & v. See 1st and 2nd Stem. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Steen
Steen (?), n. [AS. st. See Stone.] [Written also stean.]
1. A vessel of clay or stone. "An huge great earth-pot steane."
Spenser.
2. A wall of brick, stone, or cement, used as a lining, as of a well,
cistern, etc.; a steening.
Steen
Steen, v. t. [AS. st to adorn with stones or gems. See Stone.] To
line, as a well, with brick, stone, or other hard material. [Written
also stean, and stein.]
Steenbok
Steen"bok` (?), n. [D. steen stone + bok buck.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Steinbock.
Steening
Steen"ing, n. A lining made of brick, stone, or other hard material,
as for a well. [Written also steaning.]
Steenkirk, Steinkirk
Steen"kirk` (?), Stein"kirk` (?), n. [So called from the battle of
Steinkirk, in 1692, on which occasion the French nobles had no time to
arrange their lace neckcloths.] A kind of neckcloth worn in a loose
and disorderly fashion.
Steep
Steep (st&emac;p), a. Bright; glittering; fiery. [Obs.]
His eyen steep, and rolling in his head. Chaucer.
Steep
Steep, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Steeped (st&emac;pt); p. pr. & vb. n.
Steeping.] [OE. stepen, probably fr. Icel. steypa to cause to stoop,
cast down, pour out, to cast metals, causative of st&umac;pa to stoop;
cf. Sw. st\'94pa to cast, to steep, Dan. st\'94be, D. & G. stippen to
steep, to dip. Cf. Stoop, v. t.] To soak in a liquid; to macerate; to
extract the essence of by soaking; as, to soften seed by steeping it
in water. Often used figuratively.
Let fancy still my sense in Lethe steep. Shak.
In refreshing dew to steep The little, trembling flowers.
Wordsworth.
The learned of the nation were steeped in Latin. Earle.
Steep
Steep, v. i. To undergo the process of soaking in a liquid; as, the
tea is steeping. [Colloq.]
Steep
Steep, n.
1. Something steeped, or used in steeping; a fertilizing liquid to
hasten the germination of seeds.
2. A rennet bag. [Prov. Eng.]
Steep
Steep, a. [Comper. Steeper (?); superl. Steepest.] [OE. steep, step,
AS. ste\'a0p; akin to Icel. steyp steep, and st&umac;pa to stoop, Sw.
stupa to fall, to tilt; cf. OFries. stap high. Cf. Stoop, v. i.,
Steep, v. t., Steeple.]
1. Making a large angle with the plane of the horizon; ascending or
descending rapidly with respect to a horizontal line or a level;
precipitous; as, a steep hill or mountain; a steep roof; a steep
ascent; a steep declivity; a steep barometric gradient.
2. Difficult of access; not easy reached; lofty; elevated; high.
[Obs.] Chapman.
3. Excessive; as, a steep price. [Slang]
Steep
Steep, n. A precipitous place, hill, mountain, rock, or ascent; any
elevated object sloping with a large angle to the plane of the
horizon; a precipice. Dryden.
We had on each side naked rocks and mountains broken into a
thousand irregular steeps and precipices. Addison.
Bare steeps, where desolation stalks. Wordsworth.
Steep-down
Steep"-down` (?), a. Deep and precipitous, having steep descent. [R.]
Wash me in steep-down gulfs of liquid fire. Shak.
Steepen
Steep"en (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Steepened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Steepening.] To become steep or steeper.
As the way steepened . . . I could detect in the hollow of the hill
some traces of the old path. H. Miller.
Steeper
Steep"er (?), n. A vessel, vat, or cistern, in which things are
steeped.
Steepiness
Steep"i*ness (?), n. Steepness. Howell.
Steepish
Steep"ish, a. Somewhat steep. Carlyle.
Steeple
Stee"ple (?), n. [OE. stepel, AS. st\'c7pel, st; akin to E. steep, a.]
(Arch.) A spire; also, the tower and spire taken together; the whole
of a structure if the roof is of spire form. See Spire. "A weathercock
on a steeple." Shak. Rood steeple. See Rood tower, under Rood. --
Steeple bush (Bot.), a low shrub (Spir\'91a tomentosa) having dense
panicles of minute rose-colored flowers; hardhack. -- Steeple chase, a
race across country between a number of horsemen, to see which can
first reach some distant object, as a church steeple; hence, a race
over a prescribed course obstructed by such obstacles as one meets in
riding across country, as hedges, walls, etc. -- Steeple chaser, one
who rides in a steeple chase; also, a horse trained to run in a
steeple chase. -- Steeple engine, a vertical back-acting steam engine
having the cylinder beneath the crosshead. -- Steeple house, a church.
[Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Steeplechasing
Stee"ple*chas`ing (?), n. The act of riding steeple chases.
Steeple-crowned
Stee"ple-crowned` (?), a.
1. Bearing a steeple; as, a steeple-crowned building.
2. Having a crown shaped like a steeple; as, a steeple-crowned hat;
also, wearing a hat with such a crown.
This grave, beared, sable-cloaked, and steeple-crowned progenitor.
Hawthorne.
Steepled
Stee"pled (?), a. Furnished with, or having the form of, a steeple;
adorned with steeples. Fairfax.
Steeply
Steep"ly (?), adv. In a steep manner; with steepness; with precipitous
declivity.
Steepness
Steep"ness, n.
1. Quality or state of being steep; precipitous declivity; as, the
steepnessof a hill or a roof.
2. Height; loftiness. [Obs.] Chapman.
Steep-up
Steep"-up` (?), a. Lofty and precipitous. [R.]
Her stand she takes upon a steep-up hill. Shak.
Steepy
Steep"y (?), a. Steep; precipitous. [Poetic]
No more, my goats, shall I belong you climb The steepy cliffs, or
crop the flow'ry thyme. Dryden.
Steer
Steer (?), n. [OE. steer, AS. ste\'a2r; akin to D. & G. stier a bull,
OHG. stior, Icel. stj\'d3rr, , Sw. tjur, Dan. tyr, Goth. stiur, Russ.
tur', Pol. tur, Ir. & Gael. tarbh, W. tarw, L. taurus, Gr. sth strong,
stout, AS. stor large, Icel. st\'d3rr, OHG. st, stiuri. \'fb168. Cf.
Stirk, Taurine, a.] A young male of the ox kind; especially, a common
ox; a castrated taurine male from two to four years old. See the Note
under Ox.
Steer
Steer, v. t. To castrate; -- said of male calves.
Steer
Steer, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Steered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Steering.]
[OE. steeren, steren, AS. sti\'82ran, st, ste\'a2ran; akin to OFries.
stiora, stiura, D. sturen, OD. stieren, G. steuren, OHG. stiuren to
direct, support, G. steuer contribution, tax, Icel. st to steer,
govern,Sw. styra, Dan. styre, Goth. stiurjan to establish, AS.
ste\'a2r a rudder, a helm, and probably to Icel. staurr a pale, stake,
Gr. stand. \'fb168. Cf. Starboard, Stern, n.] To direct the course of;
to guide; to govern; -- applied especially to a vessel in the water.
That with a staff his feeble steps did steer. Spenser.
Steer
Steer, v. i.
1. To direct a vessel in its course; to direct one's course. "No
helmsman steers." Tennyson.
2. To be directed and governed; to take a direction, or course; to
obey the helm; as, the boat steers easily.
Where the wind Veers oft, as oft [a ship] so steers, and shifts her
sail. Milton.
3. To conduct one's self; to take or pursue a course of action.
Steer
Steer, n. [AS. ste\'a2r, sti\'a2r; akin to D. stuur, G. steuer, Icel.
st. \'fb186. See Steer, v. t.] [Written also stere.] A rudder or helm.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Steer
Steer, n. [AS. ste\'a2ra. See Steer a rudder.] A helmsman, a pilot.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Steerable
Steer"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being steered; dirigible.
Steerage
Steer"age (?), n.
1. The act or practice of steering, or directing; as, the steerage of
a ship.
He left the city, and, in a most tempestuous season, forsook the
helm and steerage of the common wealth. Milton.
2. (Naut.) (a) The effect of the helm on a ship; the manner in which
an individual ship is affected by the helm. (b) The hinder part of a
vessel; the stern. [R.] Swift. (c) Properly, the space in the after
part of a vessel, under the cabin, but used generally to indicate any
part of a vessel having the poorest accommodations and occupied by
passengers paying the lowest rate of fare.
3. Direction; regulation; management; guidance.
He that hath the steerage of my course. Shak.
4. That by which a course is directed. [R.]
Here he hung on high, The steerage of his wings. Dryden.
Steerage passenger, a passenger who takes passage in the steerage of a
vessel.
Steerageway
Steer"age*way` (?), n. (Naut.) A rate of motion through the water
sufficient to render a vessel governable by the helm.
Steerer
Steer"er (?), n. One who steers; as, a boat steerer.
Steering
Steer"ing, a. & n. from Steer, v. Steering wheel (Naut.), the wheel by
means of which the rudder of a vessel is turned and the vessel is
steered.
Steerless
Steer"less, a. Having no rudder. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Steerling
Steer"ling (?), n. A young small steer.
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Page 1410
Steersman
Steers"man (?), n.; pl. Steersmen (#). [Steer a rudder + man: cf. AS.
ste\'a2rman.] One who steers; the helmsman of a vessel. Milton.
Steersmate
Steers"mate (?), n. [Steer a rudder + mate a companion.] One who
steers; steersman. [Obs.] Milton.
Steeve
Steeve (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Steeved (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Steeving.] [Cf. OD. steve staff, E. stem, n.] (Shipbuilding) To
project upward, or make an angle with the horizon or with the line of
a vessel's keel; -- said of the bowsprit, etc.
Steeve
Steeve, v. t.
1. (Shipbuilding) To elevate or fix at an angle with the horizon; --
said of the bowsprit, etc.
2. To stow, as bales in a vessel's hold, by means of a steeve. See
Steeve, n. (b).
Steeve
Steeve, n. (Naut.) (a) The angle which a bowsprit makes with the
horizon, or with the line of the vessel's keel; -- called also
steeving. (b) A spar, with a block at one end, used in stowing cotton
bales, and similar kinds of cargo which need to be packed tightly.
Steeving
Steev"ing, n.
1. The act or practice of one who steeves.
2. (Naut.) See Steeve, n. (a).
Steg
Steg (?), n. [Icel. steggr the male of several animals. Cf. Stag.]
(Zo\'94l.) A gander. [Written also stag.] [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Steganographist
Steg`a*nog"ra*phist (?), n. One skilled in steganography; a
cryptographer.
Steganography
Steg`a*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] The art of writing in cipher,
or in characters which are not intelligible except to persons who have
the key; cryptography.
Steganophthalmata
Steg`a*noph*thal"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The
Discophora, or Phanerocarp\'91. Called also Steganophthalmia.
Steganopod
Ste*gan"o*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Steganopodes.
Steganopodes
Steg`a*nop"o*des (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of
swimming birds in which all four toes are united by a broad web. It
includes the pelicans, cormorants, gannets, and others.
Steganopodous
Steg`a*nop"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having all four toes webbed
together.
Stegnosis
Steg*no"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Stegnotic.] (Med.) Constipation;
also, constriction of the vessels or ducts.
Stegnotic
Steg*no"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Tending to render costive, or to
diminish excretions or discharges generally. -- n. A stegnotic
medicine; an astringent.
Stegocephala
Steg`o*ceph"a*la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct order
of amphibians found fossil in the Mesozoic rocks; called also
Stegocephali, and Labyrinthodonta.
NOTE: &hand; Th eir te eth, in transverse sections, usually show a
labyrinthiform arrangement of the cement and dentine. The under
side of the body was covered with bony plates. Some of the
Stegocephala were of very large size, and the form of the body
varied from short, stout forms to others that were as slender as
serpents.
Stegosauria
Steg`o*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Stegosaurus.] (Paleon.) An
extinct order of herbivorous dinosaurs, including the genera
Stegosaurus, Omosaurus, and their allies.
Stegosaurus
Steg`o*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of large
Jurassic dinosaurs remarkable for a powerful dermal armature of plates
and spines.
Steik
Steik (?), v. t. See Steek. [Scot.]
Stein
Stein (?), n. & v. See Steen.
Steinbock
Stein"bock` (?), n. [G. stein stone + bock buck, D. bok. Cf.
Steenbok.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European ibex. (b) A small South African
antelope (Nanotragus tragulus) which frequents dry, rocky districts;
-- called also steenbok. [Written also steinboc, and steinbok; also
called stonebock, and stonebuck.]
Steingale
Stein"gale (?), n. The stannel. [Prov. Eng.]
Steining
Stein"ing (?), n. See Steening.
Steinkirk
Stein"kirk` (?), n. Same as Steenkirk.
Steinkle
Stein"kle (?), n. The wheater. [Prov. Eng.]
Stela
Ste"la (?), n.; pl. Stel\'91 (#). [L., from Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) A small
column or pillar, used as a monument, milestone, etc.
Stele
Ste"le (?), n. [NL.] Same as Stela.
One of these steles, containing the Greek version of the ordinance,
has recently been discovered. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
Stele
Stele (?), n. [See Stale a handle.] A stale, or handle; a stalk.
[Obs.] Chaucer. Holland.
Stelene
Ste"lene (?), a. [See Stela.] Resembling, or used as, a stela;
columnar. [R.]
Stell
Stell (?), v. t. [AS. stellan. \'fb163.] To place or fix firmly or
permanently. [Obs.] Shak.
Stell
Stell, n. [See Stell, v. t.]
1. A prop; a support, as for the feet in standing or cilmbing. [Scot.]
2. A partial inclosure made by a wall or trees, to serve as a shelter
for sheep or cattle. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Stellar, Stellary
Stel"lar (?), Stel"la*ry (?), a. [L. stellaris, fr. stella a star. See
Star.]
1. Of or pertaining to stars; astral; as, a stellar figure; stellary
orbs.
[These soft fires] in part shed down Their stellar virtue. Milton.
2. Full of stars; starry; as, stellar regions.
Stellate, Stellated
Stel"late (?), Stel"la*ted (?), a. [L. stellatus, p.p. of stellare to
set or cover with stars, from stella a star. See Stellar.]
1. Resembling a star; pointed or radiated, like the emblem of a star.
2. (Bot.) Starlike; having similar parts radiating from a common
center; as, stellate flowers.
Stellation
Stel*la"tion (?), n. Radiation of light. [Obs.]
Stelled
Stelled (?), a. [See Stell to place.] Firmly placed or fixed. [Obs.]
"The stelled fires" [the stars]. Shak.
NOTE: [In th is pa ssage by so me de fined as "starry," as if from
stellatus.]
Steller
Stel"ler (?), n. [After Geo. W.Steller, a German naturalist.]
(Zo\'94l) The rytina; -- called also stellerine.
Stellerid
Stel"ler*id (?), n. [L. stella a star.] (Zo\'94l.) A starfish.
Stellerida
Stel*ler"i*da (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive group of
echinoderms, comprising the starfishes and ophiurans.
Stelleridan, Stelleridean
Stel*ler"i*dan (?), Stel`ler*id"e*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A starfish, or
brittle star.
Stelliferous
Stel*lif"er*ous (?), a. [L. stellifer; stella star + ferre 8bear.]
Having, or abounding with, stars.
Stelliform
Stel"li*form (?), a. [L. stella a star + -form.] Like a star;
star-shaped; radiated.
Stellify
Stel"li*fy (?), v. t. [L. stella a star + -fy.] To turn into a star;
to cause to appear like a star; to place among the stars, or in
heaven. [Obs. or R.] B. Jonson.
Stellion
Stel"lion (?), n. [L. stellio a newt having starlike spots on its
back, fr. stella a star.] (Zo\'94l.) A lizard (Stellio vulgaris),
common about the Eastern Mediterranean among ruins. In color it is
olive-green, shaded with black, with small stellate spots. Called also
hardim, and star lizard.
Stellionate
Stel"lion*ate (?), n. [L. stellionatus cozenage, trickery, fr. stellio
a newt, a crafty, knavish person.] (Scots & Roman Law) Any fraud not
distinguished by a more special name; -- chiefly applied to sales of
the same property to two different persons, or selling that for one's
own which belongs to another, etc. Erskine.
Stellular
Stel"lu*lar (?), a. [L. stellula, dim. of stella a star.]
1. Having the shape or appearance of little stars; radiated.
2. Marked with starlike spots of color.
Stellulate
Stel"lu*late (?), a. (Bot.) Minutely stellate.
Stelmatopoda
Stel`ma*top"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Gymnol\'91mata.
Stelography
Ste*log"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy: cf. Gr. The art of writing or
inscribing characters on pillars. [R.] Stackhouse.
Stem, Steem
Stem (?), Steem (?), v. i. To gleam. [Obs.]
His head bald, that shone as any glass, . . . [And] stemed as a
furnace of a leed [caldron]. Chaucer.
Stem, Steem
Stem, Steem, n. A gleam of light; flame. [Obs.]
Stem
Stem (?), n. [AS. stemn, stefn, st\'91fn; akin to OS. stamn the stem
of a ship, D. stam stem, steven stem of a ship, G. stamm stem, steven
stem of a ship, Icel. stafn, stamn, stem of a ship, stofn, stomn,
stem, Sw. stam a tree trunk, Dan. stamme. Cf. Staff, Stand.]
1. The principal body of a tree, shrub, or plant, of any kind; the
main stock; the part which supports the branches or the head or top.
After they are shot up thirty feet in length, they spread a very
large top, having no bough nor twig in the trunk or the stem. Sir
W. Raleigh.
The lowering spring, with lavish rain, Beats down the slender stem
and breaded grain. Dryden.
2. A little branch which connects a fruit, flower, or leaf with a main
branch; a peduncle, pedicel, or petiole; as, the stem of an apple or a
cherry.
3. The stock of a family; a race or generation of progenitors. "All
that are of noble stem." Milton.
While I do pray, learn here thy stem And true descent. Herbert.
4. A branch of a family.
This is a stem Of that victorious stock. Shak.
5. (Naut.) A curved piece of timber to which the two sides of a ship
are united at the fore end. The lower end of it is scarfed to the
keel, and the bowsprit rests upon its upper end. Hence, the forward
part of a vessel; the bow.
6. Fig.: An advanced or leading position; the lookout.
Wolsey sat at the stem more than twenty years. Fuller.
7. Anything resembling a stem or stalk; as, the stem of a tobacco
pipe; the stem of a watch case, or that part to which the ring, by
which it is suspended, is attached.
8. (Bot.) That part of a plant which bears leaves, or rudiments of
leaves, whether rising above ground or wholly subterranean.
9. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The entire central axis of a feather. (b) The basal
portion of the body of one of the Pennatulacea, or of a gorgonian.
10. (Mus.) The short perpendicular line added to the body of a note;
the tail of a crotchet, quaver, semiquaver, etc.
11. (Gram.) The part of an inflected word which remains unchanged
(except by euphonic variations) throughout a given inflection; theme;
base.
From stem to stern (Naut.), from one end of the ship to the other, or
through the whole length. -- Stem leaf (Bot.), a leaf growing from the
stem of a plant, as contrasted with a basal or radical leaf.
Stem
Stem, v. t.
1. To remove the stem or stems from; as, to stem cherries; to remove
the stem and its appendages (ribs and veins) from; as, to stem tobacco
leaves.
2. To ram, as clay, into a blasting hole.
Stem
Stem, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stemmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stemming.]
[Either from stem, n., or akin to stammer; cf. G. stemmen to press
against.] To oppose or cut with, or as with, the stem of a vessel; to
resist, or make progress against; to stop or check the flow of, as a
current. "An argosy to stem the waves." Shak.
[They] stem the flood with their erected breasts. Denham.
Stemmed the wild torrent of a barbarous age. Pope.
Stem
Stem, v. i. To move forward against an obstacle, as a vessel against a
current.
Stemming nightly toward the pole. Milton.
Stem-clasping
Stem"-clasp`ing (?), a. (Bot.) Embracing the stem with its base;
amplexicaul; as a leaf or petiole.
Stemless
Stem"less, a. Having no stem; (Bot.) acaulescent.
Stemlet
Stem"let (?), n. A small or young stem.
Stemma
Stem"ma (?), n.; pl. Stemmata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of
the ocelli of an insect. See Ocellus. (b) One of the facets of a
compound eye of any arthropod.
Stemmer
Stem"mer (?), n. One who, or that which, stems (in any of the senses
of the verbs).
Stemmery
Stem"mer*y (?), n. A large building in which tobacco is stemmed. [U.
S.] Bartlett.
Stemmy
Stem"my (?), a. Abounding in stems, or mixed with stems; -- said of
tea, dried currants, etc. [Colloq.]
Stemple
Stem"ple (?), n. [G. stempel a stamp, a prop, akin to E. stamp.]
(Mining) A crossbar of wood in a shaft, serving as a step.
Stemson
Stem"son (?), n. [See Stem, n., and Keelson, and cf. Sternson.]
(Shipbuilding) A piece of curved timber bolted to the stem, keelson,
and apron in a ship's frame near the bow.
Stem-winder
Stem"-wind`er (?), n. A stem-winding watch. [Colloq.] <-- Fig.
anything of superior quality, as was attributed to the stem-winding
watch; esp. used to describe a stirring speech, as in the phrase "a
stem-winder of a speech" or "delivered as stem-winder". -->
Stem-winding
Stem"-wind`ing, a. Wound by mechanism connected with the stem; as, a
stem-winding watch.
Stench
Stench (?), v. t. To stanch. [Obs.] Harvey.
Stench
Stench, n. [AS. stenc a strong smell, fr. stincan. See Stink, v. i.]
1. A smell; an odor. [Obs.]
Clouds of savory stench involve the sky. Dryden.
2. An ill smell; an offensive odor; a stink. Cowper.
Stench trap, a contrivance to prevent stench or foul air from rising
from the openings of sewers, drains, etc.
Stench
Stench, v. t. [AS. stencan to emit a smell, fr. stincan to smell. See
Stench, n.] To cause to emit a disagreeable odor; to cause to stink.
[Obs.] Young.
Stenchy
Stench"y (?), a. Having a stench. [Obs.] Dyer.
Stencil
Sten"cil (?), n. [Probably from OF. estincelle spangle, spark, F.
\'82tincelle spark, L. scintilla. See Scintillate, and cf. Tinsel.] A
thin plate of metal, leather, or other material, used in painting,
marking, etc. The pattern is cut out of the plate, which is then laid
flat on the surface to be marked, and the color brushed over it.
Called also stencil plate.
Stencil
Sten"cil, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stenciled (?) or Stencilled; p. pr. &
vb. n. Stenciling or Stencilling.] To mark, paint, or color in figures
with stencils; to form or print by means of a stencil.
Stenciler
Sten"cil*er (?), n. One who paints or colors in figures by means of
stencil. [Written also stenciller.]
Stenoderm
Sten"o*derm (?), n. [Gr. -derm.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of bat
belonging to the genus Stenoderma, native of the West Indies and South
America. These bats have a short or rudimentary tail and a peculiarly
shaped nose membrane.
Stenodermine
Sten`o*der"mine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the genus
Stenoderma, which includes several West Indian and South American
nose-leaf bats.
Stenograph
Sten"o*graph (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stenographed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Stenographing (?).] To write or report in stenographic characters.
Stenograph
Sten"o*graph, n. A production of stenography; anything written in
shorthand.
I saw the reporters' room, in which they redact their hasty
stenographs. Emerson.
Stenographer
Ste*nog"ra*pher (?), n. One who is skilled in stenography; a writer of
shorthand.
Stenographic, Stenographical
Sten`o*graph"ic (?), Sten`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
st\'82nographique.] Of or pertaining to stenography.
Stenographist
Ste*nog"ra*phist (?), n. A stenographer.
Stenography
Ste*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. graphy: cf. F. st\'82nographie, G.
stenographie.] The art of writing in shorthand, by using abbreviations
or characters for whole words; shorthand.
Stenophyllous
Ste*noph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having narrow leaves.
Stenosis
Ste*no"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A narrowing of the opening or
hollow of any passage, tube, or orifice; as, stenosis of the pylorus.
It differs from stricture in being applied especially to diffused
rather than localized contractions, and in always indicating an origin
organic and not spasmodic.
Stenostome
Sten"o*stome (?), a. [Gr. steno`s narrow, little + sto`ma mouth.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having a small or narrow mouth; -- said of certain small
ground snakes (Opoterodonta), which are unable to dilate their jaws.
Stent
Stent (?), v. t. [Obs. imp. Stente (?); obs. p. p. Stent.] [See
Stint.] To keep within limits; to restain; to cause to stop, or cease;
to stint.
Then would he weep, he might not be stent. Chaucer.
Yet n'ould she stent Her bitter railing and foul revilement.
Spenser.
Stent
Stent, v. i. To stint; to stop; to cease.
And of this cry they would never stenten. Chaucer.
Stent
Stent, n. An allotted portion; a stint. "Attain'd his journey's
stent." Mir. for Mag.
Stenting
Stent"ing, n. An opening in a wall in a coal mine. [Written also
stenton.] [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Stentor
Sten"tor (?), n. [L. Stentor, Gr.
1. A herald, in the Iliad, who had a very loud voice; hence, any
person having a powerful voice.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of ciliated Infusoria belonging to the genus
Stentor and allied genera, common in fresh water. The stentors have a
bell-shaped, or cornucopia-like, body with a circle of cilia around
the spiral terminal disk. See Illust. under Heterotricha.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A howling monkey, or howler.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1411
Stentorian
Sten*to"ri*an (?), a. [L. stentoreus; cf. Gr. Of or pertaining to a
stentor; extremely loud; powerful; as, a stentorian voice; stentorian
lungs.
Stentorin
Sten"to*rin (?), n. (Chem.) A blue coloring matter found in some
stentors. See Stentor, 2.
Stentorious
Sten*to"ri*ous (?), a. Stentorian. [R.]
Stentoronic
Sten`to*ron"ic (?), a. Stentorian. [Obs.]
Stentorophonic
Sten`to*ro*phon"ic (?), a. [Gr. Stentor.] Speaking or sounding very
loud; stentorian. [Obs.]
Of this stentorophonic horn of Alexander there is a preserved in
the Vatican. Derham.
Step
Step (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stepped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stepping.]
[AS. st\'91ppan; akin to OFries. steppa, D. stappen to step, stap a
step, OHG. stepfen to step, G. stapfe a footstep, OHG. stapfo, G.
stufe a step to step on; cf. Gr. Stamp, n. & a.]
1. To move the foot in walking; to advance or recede by raising and
moving one of the feet to another resting place, or by moving both
feet in succession.
2. To walk; to go on foot; esp., to walk a little distance; as, to
step to one of the neighbors.
3. To walk slowly, gravely, or resolutely.
Home the swain retreats, His flock before him stepping to the fold.
Thomson.
4. Fig.: To move mentally; to go in imagination.
They are stepping almost three thousand years back into the
remotest antiquity. Pope.
To step aside, to walk a little distance from the rest; to retire from
company. -- To step forth, to move or come forth. -- To step in OR
into. (a) To walk or advance into a place or state, or to advance
suddenly in.
Whosoever then first, after the troubling of the water, stepped in,
was made whole of whatsoever disease he had. John v. 4.
(b) To enter for a short time; as, I just stepped into the house. (c)
To obtain possession without trouble; to enter upon easily or
suddenly; as, to step into an estate. -- To step out. (a) (Mil.) To
increase the length, but not the rapidity, of the step, extending it
to thirty-tree inches. (b) To go out for a short distance or a short
time. -- To step short (Mil.), to diminish the length or rapidity of
the step according to the established rules.
Step
Step, v. t.
1. To set, as the foot.
2. (Naut.) To fix the foot of (a mast) in its step; to erect.
To step off, to measure by steps, or paces; hence, to divide, as a
space, or to form a series of marks, by successive measurements, as
with dividers.
Step
Step, n. [AS. st\'91pe. See Step, v. i.]
1. An advance or movement made by one removal of the foot; a pace.
2. A rest, or one of a set of rests, for the foot in ascending or
descending, as a stair, or a round of a ladder.
The breadth of every single step or stair should be never less than
one foot. Sir H. Wotton.
3. The space passed over by one movement of the foot in walking or
running; as, one step is generally about three feet, but may be more
or less. Used also figuratively of any kind of progress; as, he
improved step by step, or by steps.
To derive two or three general principles of motion from phenomena,
and afterwards to tell us how the properties and actions of all
corporeal things follow from those manifest principles, would be a
very great step in philosophy. Sir I. Newton.
4. A small space or distance; as, it is but a step.
5. A print of the foot; a footstep; a footprint; track.
6. Gait; manner of walking; as, the approach of a man is often known
by his step.
7. Proceeding; measure; action; an act.
The reputation of a man depends on the first steps he makes in the
world. Pope.
Beware of desperate steps. The darkest day, Live till to-morrow,
will have passed away. Cowper.
I have lately taken steps . . . to relieve the old gentleman's
distresses. G. W. Cable.
8. pl. Walk; passage.
Conduct my steps to find the fatal tree. Dryden.
9. pl. A portable framework of stairs, much used indoors in reaching
to a high position.
10. (Naut.) In general, a framing in wood or iron which is intended to
receive an upright shaft; specif., a block of wood, or a solid
platform upon the keelson, supporting the heel of the mast.
11. (Mach.) (a) One of a series of offsets, or parts, resembling the
steps of stairs, as one of the series of parts of a cone pulley on
which the belt runs. (b) A bearing in which the lower extremity of a
spindle or a vertical shaft revolves.
12. (Mus.) The intervak between two contiguous degrees of the csale.
NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd to ne is of ten us ed as the name of this
interval; but there is evident incongruity in using tone for
indicating the interval between tones. As the word scale is derived
from the Italian scala, a ladder, the intervals may well be called
steps.
13. (Kinematics) A change of position effected by a motion of
translation. W. K. Clifford.
Back step, Half step, etc. See under Back, Half, etc. -- Step grate, a
form of grate for holding fuel, in which the bars rise above one
another in the manner of steps. -- To take steps, to take action; to
move in a matter.
Step-
Step-. [AS. ste\'a2p-; akin to OFries. stiap-, stiep-, D. & G. stief-,
OHG. stiuf-, Icel. stj, Sw. styf-, and to AS. \'best\'c7pan,
\'beste\'a2pan, to deprive, bereave, as children of their parents,
OHG. stiufen.] A prefix used before father, mother, brother, sister,
son, daughter, child, etc., to indicate that the person thus spoken of
is not a blood relative, but is a relative by the marriage of a
parent; as, a stepmother to X is the wife of the father of X, married
by him after the death of the mother of X. See Stepchild,
Stepdaughter, Stepson, etc.
Stepbrother
Step"broth`er (?), n. A brother by the marriage of one's father with
the mother of another, or of one's mother with the father of another.
Stepchild
Step"child` (?), n. [AS. ste\'a2pcild.]
1. A bereaved child; one who has lost father or mother. [Obs.]
2. A son or daughter of one's wife or husband by a former marriage.
Stepdame
Step"dame` (?), n. A stepmother. Spenser.
Stepdaughter
Step"daugh`ter (?), n. [AS. ste\'a2pdohtor.] A daughter of one's wife
or husband by a former marriage.
Stepfather
Step"fa`ther (?), n. [AS. ste\'a2pf\'91der.] The husband of one's
mother by a subsequent marriage.
Stephanion
Ste*pha"ni*on (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Anat.) The point on the side of
the skull where the temporal line, or upper edge of the temporal
fossa, crosses the coronal suture.
Stephanite
Steph"an*ite (?), n. [So named after the Archduke Stephan, mining
director of Austria.] (Min.) A sulphide of antimony and silver of an
iron-black color and metallic luster; called also black silver, and
brittle silver ore.
Stephanotis
Steph`a*no"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Bot.) A genus of climbing asclepiadaceous shrubs, of Madagascar,
Malaya, etc. They have fleshy or coriaceous opposite leaves, and large
white waxy flowers in cymes.
2. A perfume said to be prepared from the flowers of Stephanotis
floribunda.
Stepladder
Step"lad`der (?), n. A portable set of steps.
Stepmother
Step"moth`er (?), n. [AS. ste\'a2pm\'d3der.] The wife of one's father
by a subsequent marriage.
Stepparent
Step"par`ent (?), n. Stepfather or stepmother.
Steppe
Steppe (?), n. [From Russ. stepe, through G. or F. steppe.] One of the
vast plains in Southeastern Europe and in Asia, generally elevated,
and free from wood, analogous to many of the prairies in Western North
America. See Savanna. Steppe murrain. (Far.) See Rinderpest.
Stepped
Stepped (?), a. Provided with a step or steps; having a series of
offsets or parts resembling the steps of stairs; as, a stepped key.
Stepped gear, a cogwheel of which the teeth cross the face in a series
of steps.
Stepper
Step"per (?), n. One who, or that which, steps; as, a quick stepper.
<-- a stepping motor -->
Stepping-stone
Step"ping-stone` (?), n.
1. A stone to raise the feet above the surface of water or mud in
walking.
2. Fig.: A means of progress or advancement.
These obstacles his genius had turned into stepping-stones.
Macaulay.
That men may rise on stepping-stones Of their dead selves to higher
things. Tennyson.
Stepsister
Step"sis`ter (?), n. A daughter of one's stepfather or stepmother by a
former marriage.
Stepson
Step"son` (?), n. [AS. ste\'a2psunu.] A son of one's husband or wife
by a former marriage.
Stepstone
Step"stone` (?), n. A stone laid before a door as a stair to rise on
in entering the house.
-ster
-ster (?). [OE. & AS. -estre, -istre.] A suffix denoting the agent
(originally a woman), especially a person who does something with
skill or as an occupation; as in spinster (originally, a woman who
spins), songster, baxter (= bakester), youngster.
NOTE: &hand; Br ewing, ba king, an d weaving were formerly feminine
labors, and consequently brewster, baxter, and webster meant,
originally, the woman (not the man) who brews, bakes, or weaves.
When men began to perform these duties the feminine appellations
were retained.
Stercobilin
Ster`co*bi"lin (?), n. [L. stercus dung + E. bilin.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A coloring matter found in the f\'91ces, a product of the alteration
of the bile pigments in the intestinal canal, -- identical with
hydrobilirubin.
Stercolin
Ster"co*lin (?), n. [L. stercus dung + oleum oil.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Same as Serolin (b).
Stercoraceous
Ster`co*ra"ceous (?), a. [L. stercus, -oris, dung.] Of or pertaining
to dung; partaking of the nature of, or containing, dung.
Stercoranism
Ster"co*ra*nism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The doctrine or belief of the
Stercoranists.
Stercoranist
Ster"co*ra*nist (?), n. [LL. stercoranista, fr. L. stercus, -oris,
dung.] (Eccl. Hist.) A nickname formerly given to those who held, or
were alleged to hold, that the consecrated elements in the eucharist
undergo the process of digestion in the body of the recipient.
Stercorarian
Ster`co*ra"ri*an (?), n. A Stercoranist.
Stercorary
Ster"co*ra*ry (?), n. [LL. stercorarium, from L. stercorarius
belonging to dung.] A place, properly secured from the weather, for
containing dung.
Stercorate
Ster"co*rate (?), n. Excrement; dung. [Obs.]
Stercoration
Ster`co*ra"tion (?), n. [L. stercoratio, from stercorare to dung.]
Manuring with dung. [Obs.] Bacon.
Stercorianism
Ster*co"ri*an*ism (?), n. (Eccl.) The doctrine or belief of the
Stercoranists.
Stercorin
Ster"co*rin (?), n. [L. stercus, -oris, dung.] (Physiol. Chem.) Same
as Serolin (b).
Stercory
Ster"co*ry (?), n. Excrement; dung. [Obs.]
Sterculiaceous
Ster*cu`li*a"ceous (?), a. [NL. Sterculia, the typical genus, fr. L.
Sterculius the deity that presided over manuring, from stercus dung.
So called because one of the original species is fetid.] (Bot.) Of or
pertaining to a natural order (Sterculiace\'91) of polypetalous
exogenous plants, mostly tropical. The cacao (Theobroma Cacao) is the
most useful plant of the order.
Stere
Stere (?), n. [F. st\'8are, fr. Gr. A unit of cubic measure in the
metric system, being a cubic meter, or kiloliter, and equal to 35.3
cubic feet, or nearly 1 cubic yards.
Stere
Stere (?), v. t. & i. To stir. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stere
Stere, n. A rudder. See 5th Steer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stere
Stere, n. Helmsman. See 6th Steer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sterelmintha
Ster`el*min"tha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. stereo`s solid + (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Platyelminthes.
Stereo-
Ste"re*o- (?). [Gr. stereo`s solid. See Stare to gaze.] A combining
form meaning solid, hard, firm, as in stereo-chemistry, stereography.
Stereobate
Ste"re*o*bate (?), n. [Gr. stereo`s solid + st\'82r\'82obate.] (Arch.)
The lower part or basement of a building or pedestal; -- used loosely
for several different forms of basement.
Stereo-chemic, Stereo-chemical
Ste`re*o-chem"ic (?), Ste`re*o-chem"ic*al (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining
to, or illustrating, the hypothetical space relations of atoms in the
molecule; as, a stereo-chemic formula.
Stereo-chemistry
Ste`re*o-chem"is*try (?), n. [Stereo- + chemistry.] (Chem.) Chemistry
considered with reference to the space relations of atoms.
Stereochrome
Ste"re*o*chrome (?), n. Stereochromic picture.
Stereochromic
Ste`re*o*chro"mic (?), a. Pertaining to the art of stereochromy;
produced by stereochromy. -- Ste`re*o*chro"mic*al*ly (#), adv.
Stereochromy
Ste`re*och"ro*my (?), n. [Stereo- + Gr. chrw^ma color.] A style of
painting on plastered walls or stone, in which the colors are rendered
permanent by sprinklings of water, in which is mixed a proportion of
soluble glass (a silicate of soda).
Stereoelectric
Ste`re*o*e*lec"tric (?), a. [Stereo- + electric.] (Physics) Of or
pertaining to the generation of electricity by means of solid bodies
alone; as, a stereoelectric current is one obtained by means of
solids, without any liquid.
Stereogram
Ste"re*o*gram (?), n. [Stereo- + -gram.] A diagram or picture which
represents objects in such a way as to give the impression of relief
or solidity; also, a stereograph.
Stereograph
Ste"re*o*graph (?), n. [Stereo- + -graph.] Any picture, or pair of
pictures, prepared for exhibition in the stereoscope. Stereographs are
now commonly made by means of photography.
Stereographic, Stereographical
Ste`re*o*graph"ic (?), Ste`re*o*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
st\'82r\'82ographique.] Made or done according to the rules of
stereography; delineated on a plane; as, a stereographic chart of the
earth. Stereographic projection (Geom.), a method of representing the
sphere in which the center of projection is taken in the surface of
the sphere, and the plane upon which the projection is made is at
right andles to the diameter passing through the center of projection.
Stereographically
Ste`re*o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. In a stereographical manner; by
delineation on a plane.
Stereography
Ste`re*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Stereo- + graphy: cf. F.
st\'82r\'82ographie.] The art of delineating the forms of solid bodies
on a plane; a branch of solid geometry which shows the construction of
all solids which are regularly defined. <-- Illustration:
"Stereography". 5 figures, illustrating arrangements of triangles,
squares, or pentagons which can be drawn on a surface and folded into
the five regular polyhedra. -->
NOTE: &hand; By cu tting pi eces of ca rdboard, or other suitable
material, in the forms represented in the cut, folding them along
the lines indicated, and joining their edges, the five regular
solids may be formed.
Stereometer
Ste`re*om"e*ter (?), n. [Stereo- + meter.] (Physics)
1. An instrument for measuring the solid contents of a body, or the
capacity of a vessel; a volumenometer.
2. An instrument for determining the specific gravity of liquid
bodies, porous bodies, and powders, as well as solids.
Stereometric, Stereometrical
Ste`re*o*met"ric (?), Ste`re*o*met"ric*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
st\'82r\'82om\'82trique.] Of or pertaining to stereometry; performed
or obtained by stereometry. -- Ste`re*o*met"ric*al*ly, adv.
Stereometry
Ste`re*om"e*try (?), n. [Stereo- + -metry: cf. F.
st\'82r\'82om\'82trie.] The art of measuring and computing the cubical
contents of bodies and figures; -- distinguished from planimetry.
Stereomonoscope
Ste`re*o*mon"o*scope (?), n. [Stereo- + mono- + -scope.] An instrument
with two lenses, by which an image of a single picture projected upon
a screen of ground glass is made to present an appearance of relief,
and may be viewed by several persons at once.
Stereoplasm
Ste"re*o*plasm (?), n. [Stereo- + Gr. (Biol.) The solid or insoluble
portion of the cell protoplasm. See Hygroplasm.
Stereopticon
Ste`re*op"ti*con (?), n. [NL. See Stereo-, and Optic.] An instrument,
consisting essentially of a magic lantern in which photographic
pictures are used, by which the image of a landscape, or any object,
may be thrown upon a screen in such a manner as to seem to stand out
in relief, so as to form a striking and accurate representation of the
object itself; also, a pair of magic lanterns for producing the effect
of dissolving views.
Stereoscope
Ste"re*o*scope (?), n. [Stereo- + -scope.] An optical instrument for
giving to pictures the appearance of solid forms, as seen in nature.
It combines in one, through a bending of the rays of light, two
pictures, taken for the purpose from points of view a little way
apart. It is furnished with two eyeglasses, and by refraction or
reflection the pictures are superimposed, so as to appear as one to
the observer.
NOTE: &hand; In th e reflecting stereoscope, the rays from the two
pictures are turned into the proper direction for stereoscopic
vision by two plane mirrors set at an angle with each other, and
between the pictures. In the lenticular stereoscope, the form in
general use, the eyeglasses are semilenses, or marginal portions of
the same convex lenses, set with their edges toward each other, so
that they deflect the rays coming from the picture so as to strike
the eyes as if coming direct from an intermediate point, where the
two pictures are seen apparently as one.
Stereoscopic, Stereoscopical
Ste`re*o*scop"ic (?), Ste`re*o*scop"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
the stereoscope; characteristic of, or adapted to, the stereoscope;
as, a stereoscopic effect; the stereoscopic function of the
eyeglasses; stereoscopic views. -- Ste`re*o*scop"ic*al*ly, adv. <-- 2.
Permitting the perception of depth by exhibiting different views to
each eye; as, a sereoscopic microscope, i.e. one in which each eye
views the subject from a different angle, through separate optical
paths. -->
Stereoscopist
Ste`re*os"co*pist (?), n. One skilled in the use or construction of
stereoscopes.
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Page 1412
Stereoscopy
Ste`re*os"co*py (?), n. The art or science of using the stereoscope,
or of constructing the instrument or the views used with it.
Stereostatic
Ste`re*o*stat"ic (?), a. [Stereo- + static.] (Civil. Engin.)
Geostatic.
Stereotomic, Stereotomical
Ste`re*o*tom"ic (?), Ste`re*o*tom"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
stereotomy; performed by stereotomy.
Stereotomy
Ste`re*ot"o*my (?), n. [Stereo- + Gr. st\'82r\'82otomie.] The science
or art of cutting solids into certain figures or sections, as arches,
and the like; especially, the art of stonecutting.
Stereotype
Ste"re*o*type (?), n. [Stereo- + -type: cf. F. st\'82r\'82otype.]
1. A plate forming an exact faximile of a page of type or of an
engraving, used in printing books, etc.; specifically, a plate with
type-metal face, used for printing.
NOTE: &hand; A stereotype, or stereotypr plate, is made by setting
movable type as for ordinary printing; from these a cast is taken
in plaster of Paris, paper pulp, or the like, and upon this cast
melted type metal is poured, which, when hardened, makes a solid
page or column, from which the impression is taken as from type.
2. The art or process of making such plates, or of executing work by
means of them.
Stereotype block, a block, usually of wood, to which a stereotype
plate is attached while being used in printing.
Stereotype
Ste"re*o*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stereotyped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stereotyping (?).] [Cf. F. st\'82r\'82otyper.]
1. To prepare for printing in stereotype; to make the stereotype
plates of; as, to stereotype the Bible.
2. Fig.: To make firm or permanent; to fix.
Powerful causes tending to stereotype and aggravate the poverty of
old conditions. Duke of Argyll (1887).
Stereotyped
Ste"re*o*typed (?), a.
1. Formed into, or printed from, stereotype plates.
2. Fig.: Formed in a fixed, unchangeable manner; as, stereotyped
opinions.
Our civilization, with its stereotyped ways and smooth
conventionalities. J. C. Shairp.
Stereotyper
Ste"re*o*ty`per (?), n. One who stereotypes; one who makes stereotype
plates, or works in a stereotype foundry.
Stereotypery
Ste"re*o*ty`per*y (?), n.
1. The art, process, or employment of making stereotype plates.
2. A place where stereotype plates are made; a stereotype foundry.
Stereotypic
Ste`re*o*typ"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to stereotype, or stereotype
plates.
Stereotypist
Ste"re*o*ty`pist (?), n. A stereotyper.
Stereotypographer
Ste`re*o*ty*pog"ra*pher (?), n. A stereotype printer.
Stereotypography
Ste`re*o*ty*pog"ra*phy (?), n. [Stereo- + typography.] The act or art
of printing from stereotype plates.
Stereotypy
Ste"re*o*ty`py (?), n. [Cf. F. st\'82r\'82otypie.] The art or process
of making stereotype plates.
Sterhydraulic
Ster`hy*drau"lic (?), a. [Stereo- + hydraulic.] Pertaining to, or
designating, a kind of hydraulic press; resembling such a press in
action or principle. Sterhydraulic press, an hydraulic press producing
pressure or motion by the introduction of a solid substance (as a long
rod, or a cord wound on a roller) into a cylinder previously filled
with a liquid.
Sterile
Ster"ile (?), a. [F. st\'82rile, L. sterilis, akin to Gr. stereo`s
stiff, solid, stei^ros barren, stei^ra a cow that has not calved,
Goth. stair\'d3, fem., barren. See Stare to gaze.]
1. Producing little or no crop; barren; unfruitful; unproductive; not
fertile; as, sterile land; a sterile desert; a sterile year.
2. (Biol.) (a) Incapable of reproduction; unfitted for reproduction of
offspring; not able to germinate or bear fruit; unfruitful; as, a
sterile flower, which bears only stamens. (b) Free from reproductive
spores or germs; as, a sterile fluid.
3. Fig.: Barren of ideas; destitute of sentiment; as, a sterile
production or author.
Sterility
Ste*ril"i*ty (?), n. [L. sterilitas: cf. F. st\'82rilit\'82.]
1. The quality or condition of being sterile.
2. (Biol.) Quality of being sterile; infecundity; also, the state of
being free from germs or spores.
Sterilization
Ster`il*i*za"tion (?), n. (Biol.) The act or process of sterilizing,
or rendering sterile; also, the state of being sterile.
Sterilize
Ster"il*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sterilized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sterilizing (?).] [Cf. F. st\'82riliser.]
1. To make sterile or unproductive; to impoverish, as land; to exhaust
of fertility. [R.] "Sterilizing the earth." Woodward.
2. (Biol.) (a) To deprive of the power of reproducing; to render
incapable of germination or fecundation; to make sterile. (b) To
destroy all spores or germs in (an organic fluid or mixture), as by
heat, so as to prevent the development of bacterial or other
organisms.
Sterlet
Ster"let (?), n. [Russ. sterliade.] (Zo\'94l.) A small sturgeon
(Acipenser ruthenus) found in the Caspian Sea and its rivers, and
highly esteemed for its flavor. The finest caviare is made from its
roe.
Sterling
Ster"ling (?), n. (Engin.) Same as Starling, 3.
Sterling
Ster"ling, n. [OE. sterlynge, starling, for easterling, LL.
esterlingus, probably from Easterling, once the popular name of German
trades in England, whose money was of the purest quality: cf. MHG.
sterlink a certain coin. Cf. East. "Certain merchants of Norwaie,
Denmarke, and of others those parties, called Ostomanni, or (as in our
vulgar language we tearme them), easterlings, because they lie east in
respect of us." Holinshed. "In the time of . . . King Richard the
First, monie coined in the east parts of Germanie began to be of
especiall request in England for the puritie thereof, and was called
Easterling monie, as all inhabitants of those parts were called
Easterlings, and shortly after some of that countrie, skillful in mint
matters and allaies, were sent for into this realme to bring the coine
to perfection; which since that time was called of them sterling, for
Easterling." Camden. "Four thousand pound of sterlings." R. of
Gloucester.]
1. Any English coin of standard value; coined money.
So that ye offer nobles or sterlings. Chaucer.
And Roman wealth in English sterling view. Arbuthnot.
2. A certain standard of quality or value for money.
Sterling was the known and approved standard in England, in all
probability, from the beginning of King Henry the Second's reign.
S. M. Leake.
Sterling
Ster"ling (?), a.
1. Belonging to, or relating to, the standard British money of
account, or the British coinage; as, a pound sterling; a shilling
sterling; a penny sterling; -- now chiefly applied to the lawful money
of England; but sterling cost, sterling value, are used. "With
sterling money." Shak.
2. Genuine; pure; of excellent quality; conforming to the highest
standard; of full value; as, a work of sterling merit; a man of
sterling good sense.
Stern
Stern (?), n. [AS. stearn a kind of bird. See Starling.] (Zo\'94l.)
The black tern.
Stern
Stern, a. [Compar. Sterner (?); superl. Sternest.] [OE. sterne,
sturne, AS. styrne; cf. D. stuurish stern, Sw. stursk refractory.
\'fb166.] Having a certain hardness or severity of nature, manner, or
aspect; hard; severe; rigid; rigorous; austere; fixed; unchanging;
unrelenting; hence, serious; resolute; harsh; as, a sternresolve; a
stern necessity; a stern heart; a stern gaze; a stern decree.
The sterne wind so loud gan to rout. Chaucer.
I would outstare the sternest eyes that look. Shak.
When that the poor have cried, C\'91sar hath wept; Ambition should
be made of sterner stuff. Shak.
Stern as tutors, and as uncles hard. Dryden.
These barren rocks, your stern inheritance. Wordsworth.
Syn. -- Gloomy; sullen; forbidding; strict; unkind; hard-hearted;
unfeeling; cruel; pitiless.
Stern
Stern, n. [Icel. stj\'d3rn a steering, or a doubtful AS. ste\'a2rn.
\'fb166. See Steer, v. t.]
1. The helm or tiller of a vessel or boat; also, the rudder. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. (Naut.) The after or rear end of a ship or other vessel, or of a
boat; the part opposite to the stem, or prow.
3. Fig.: The post of management or direction.
And sit chiefest stern of public weal. Shak.
4. The hinder part of anything. Spenser.
5. The tail of an animal; -- now used only of the tail of a dog.
By the stern. (Naut.) See By the head, under By.
Stern
Stern, a. Being in the stern, or being astern; as, the stern davits.
Stern board (Naut.), a going or falling astern; a loss of way in
making a tack; as, to make a stern board. See Board, n., 8 (b). --
Stern chase. (Naut.) (a) See under Chase, n. (b) A stern chaser. --
Stern chaser (Naut.), a cannon placed in a ship's stern, pointing
backward, and intended to annoy a ship that is in pursuit. -- Stern
fast (Naut.), a rope used to confine the stern of a ship or other
vessel, as to a wharf or buoy. -- Stern frame (Naut.), the framework
of timber forms the stern of a ship. -- Stern knee. See Sternson. --
Stern port (Naut.), a port, or opening, in the stern of a ship. --
Stern sheets (Naut.), that part of an open boat which is between the
stern and the aftmost seat of the rowers, -- usually furnished with
seats for passengers. -- Stern wheel, a paddle wheel attached to the
stern of the steamboat which it propels.<-- thus, stern wheeler. -->
Sternage
Stern"age (?), n. Stern. [R.] Shak.
Sternal
Ster"nal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sternum; in the
region of the sternum. Sternal ribs. See the Note under Rib, n., 1.
Sternbergite
Stern"berg*ite (?), n. [So named after Count Kaspar Sternberg of
Prague.] (Min.) A sulphide of silver and iron, occurring in soft
flexible lamin\'91 varying in color from brown to black.
Sternebra
Ster"ne*bra (?), n.; pl. Sternebr\'91 (#). [NL., fr. sternum + -bra of
vertebra.] (Anat.) One of the segments of the sternum. -- Ster"ne*bral
(#), a.
Sterned
Sterned (?), a. Having a stern of a particular shape; -- used in
composition; as, square-sterned.
Sterner
Stern"er (?), n. [See 3d Stern.] A director. [Obs. & R.] Dr. R.
Clerke.
Sternforemost
Stern`fore"most` (?), adv. With the stern, instead of the bow, in
advance; hence, figuratively, in an awkward, blundering manner.
A fatal genius for going sternforemost. Lowell.
Sternite
Ster"nite (?), n. [From Sternum.] (Zo\'94l.) The sternum of an
arthropod somite.
Sternly
Stern"ly (?), adv. In a stern manner.
Sternmost
Stern"most` (?), a. Farthest in the rear; farthest astern; as, the
sternmost ship in a convoy.
Sternness
Stern"ness, n. The quality or state of being stern.
Sterno-
Ster"no- (?). A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection
with, or relation to, the sternum; as, sternocostal, sternoscapular.
Sternocoracoid
Ster`no*cor"a*coid (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sternum and
the coracoid.
Sternocostal
Ster`no*cos"tal (?), a. [Sterno- + costal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining
to the sternum and the ribs; as, the sternocostal cartilages.
Sternohyoid
Ster`no*hy"oid (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sternum and the
hyoid bone or cartilage.
Sternomastoid
Ster`no*mas"toid (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sternum and
the mastoid process.
Sternothyroid
Ster`no*thy"roid (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sternum and
the thyroid cartilage.
Sternpost
Stern"post` (?), n. (Naut.) A straight piece of timber, or an iron bar
or beam, erected on the extremity of the keel to support the rudder,
and receive the ends of the planks or plates of the vessel.
Sternsman
Sterns"man (?), n. A steersman. [Obs.]
Sternson
Stern"son (?), n. [See Stern, n., and cf. Stemson.] (Naut.) The end of
a ship's keelson, to which the sternpost is bolted; -- called also
stern knee.
Sternum
Ster"num (?), n.; pl. L. Sterna (#), E. Sternums (#). [NL., from Gr.
1. (Anat.) A plate of cartilage, or a series of bony or cartilaginous
plates or segments, in the median line of the pectoral skeleton of
most vertebrates above fishes; the breastbone.
NOTE: &hand; Th e st ernum is co nnected wi th th e ri bs or th e
pectorial girdle, or with both. In man it is a flat bone, broad
anteriorly, narrowed behind, and connected with the clavicles and
the cartilages of the seven anterior pairs of ribs. In most birds
it has a high median keel for the attachment of the muscles of the
wings.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The ventral part of any one of the somites of an
arthropod.
Sternutation
Ster`nu*ta"tion (?), n. [L. sternutatio, fr. sternutare to sneeze,
intens. from sternuere.] The act of sneezing. Quincy.
Sternutative
Ster*nu"ta*tive (?), a. Having the quality of provoking to sneeze.
Sternutatory
Ster*nu"ta*to*ry (?), a. Sternutative. -- n. A sternutatory substance
or medicine.
Sternway
Stern"way` (?), n. (Naut.) The movement of a ship backward, or with
her stern foremost.
Stern-wheel
Stern"-wheel` (?), a. Having a paddle wheel at the stern; as, a
stern-wheel steamer.
Stern-wheeler
Stern"-wheel`er (?), n. A steamboat having a stern wheel instead of
side wheels. [Colloq. U.S.]
Sterquilinous
Ster*quil"i*nous (?), a. [L. sterquilinium a dung pit, fr. stercus
dung.] Pertaining to a dunghill; hence, mean; dirty; paltry. [Obs.]
Howell.
Sterre
Ster"re (?), n. A star. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sterrink
Ster"rink (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The crab-eating seal (Lobodon
carcinophaga) of the Antarctic Ocean.
Sterrometal
Ster"ro*met`al (?), n. [Gr. metal.] Any alloy of copper, zinc, tin,
and iron, of which cannon are sometimes made.
Stert
Stert (?), obs. p. p. of Start. Started. Chaucer.
Sterte
Ster"te (?), obs. p. p. of Start. Chaucer.
Stertorious
Ster*to"ri*ous (?), a. Stertorous. [R.]
Stertorous
Ster"to*rous (?), a. [L. stertere to snore: cf. F. stertoreux.]
Characterized by a deep snoring, which accompaines inspiration in some
diseases, especially apoplexy; hence, hoarsely breathing; snoring.
Burning, stertorous breath that hurt her cheek. Mrs. Browning.
The day has ebbed away, and it is night in his room, before his
stertorous breathing lulls. Dickens.
Sterve
Sterve (?), v. t. & i. To die, or cause to die; to perish. See Starve.
[Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
Stet
Stet (?), L., subj. 3d pers. sing. of stare to stand, remain. [See
Stand.] (Print.) Let it stand; -- a word used by proof readers to
signify that something once erased, or marked for omission, is to
remain.
Stet
Stet, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stetted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stetting.]
(Print.) To cause or direct to remain after having been marked for
omission; to mark with the word stet, or with a series of dots below
or beside the matter; as, the proof reader stetted a deled footnote.
Stethal
Steth"al (?), n. [Stearic + ethal.] (Chem.) One of the higher alcohols
of the methane series, homologous with ethal, and found in small
quantities as an ethereal salt of stearic acid in spermaceti.
Stethograph
Steth"o*graph (?), n. [Gr. -graph.] (Physiol.) See Pneumatograph.
Stethometer
Ste*thom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physiol.) An apparatus for
measuring the external movements of a given point of the chest wall,
during respiration; -- also called thoracometer.
Stethoscope
Steth"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope: cf. F. st\'82thoscope.] (Med.) An
instrument used in auscultation for examining the organs of the chest,
as the heart and lungs, by conveying to the ear of the examiner the
sounds produced in the thorax.
Stethoscope
Steth"o*scope, v. t. To auscultate, or examine, with a stethoscope. M.
W. Savage.
Stethoscopic, Stethoscopical
Steth`o*scop"ic (?), Steth`o*scop"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
st\'82thoscopique.] Of or pertaining to a stethoscope; obtained or
made by means of a stethoscope. -- Steth`o*scop"ic*al*ly, adv.
Stethoscopist
Ste*thos"co*pist (?), n. One skilled in the use of the stethoscope.
Stethoscopy
Ste*thos"co*py (?), n. The art or process of examination by the
stethoscope.
Steve
Steve (?), v. t. [See Stevedore.] To pack or stow, as cargo in a
ship's hold. See Steeve.
Stevedore
Ste"ve*dore` (?), n. [Sp. estivador a packer, a stower, fr. estivar to
pack, to stow, L. stipare to press, compress, probably akin to E.
stiff. See Stiff, Stive to stuff.] One whose occupation is to load and
unload vessels in port; one who stows a cargo in a hold.
Steven
Ste"ven (?), n. [AS. stefn, stemn, voice; akin to D. stem, G. stimme,
Goth. stibna.]
1. Voice; speech; language. [Obs. or Scot.]
Ye have as merry a steven As any angel hath that is in heaven.
Chaucer.
2. An outcry; a loud call; a clamor. [Obs.] Spenser.
To set steven, to make an appointment. [Obs.]
They setten steven for to meet To playen at the dice. Chaucer.
Stew
Stew (?), n. [Cf. Stow.]
1. A small pond or pool where fish are kept for the table; a vivarium.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer. Evelyn.
2. An artificial bed of oysters. [Local, U.S.]
Stew
Stew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stewing.] [OE.
stuven, OF. estuver, F. \'82tuver, fr. OF. estuve, F. \'82tuve, a
sweating house, a room heated for a bath; probably of Teutonic origin,
and akin to E. stove. See Stove, and cf. Stive to stew.] To boil
slowly, or with the simmering or moderate heat; to seethe; to cook in
a little liquid, over a gentle fire, without boiling; as, to stew
meat; to stew oysters; to stew apples.
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Page 1413
Stew
Stew (?), v. i. To be seethed or cooked in a slow, gentle manner, or
in heat and moisture.
Stew
Stew, n. [OE. stue, stuwe, OF. estuve. See Stew, v. t.]
1. A place of stewing or seething; a place where hot bathes are
furnished; a hothouse. [Obs.]
As burning \'92tna from his boiling stew Doth belch out flames.
Spenser.
The Lydians were inhibited by Cyrus to use any armor, and give
themselves to baths and stews. Abp. Abbot.
2. A brothel; -- usually in the plural. Bacon. South.
There be that hate harlots, and never were at the stews. Aschman.
3. A prostitute. [Obs.] Sir A. Weldon.
4. A dish prepared by stewing; as, a stewof pigeons.
5. A state of agitating excitement; a state of worry; confusion; as,
to be in a stew. [Colloq.]
Steward
Stew"ard (?), n. [OE. stiward, AS. st\'c6weard, stigweard, literally,
a sty ward; stigu sty + weard warden, guardian, -- his first duty
having been probably to attend to the domestic animals. \'fb164. See
Sty pen for swine, Ward.]
1. A man employed in a large family, or on a large estate, to manage
the domestic concerns, supervise other servants, collect the rents or
income, keep accounts, and the like.
Worthy to be stewards of rent and land. Chaucer.
They came near to the steward of Joseph's house. Gen. xliii. 19.
As good stewards of the manifold grace of God. 1 Pet. iv. 10.
2. A person employed in a hotel, or a club, or on board a ship, to
provide for the table, superintend the culinary affairs, etc. In naval
vessels, the captain's steward, wardroom steward, steerage steward,
warrant officers steward, etc., are petty officers who provide for the
messes under their charge.
3. A fiscal agent of certain bodies; as, a steward in a Methodist
church.
4. In some colleges, an officer who provides food for the students and
superintends the kitchen; also, an officer who attends to the accounts
of the students.
5. In Scotland, a magistrate appointed by the crown to exercise
jurisdiction over royal lands. Erskine.
Lord high steward, formerly, the first officer of the crown;
afterward, an officer occasionally appointed, as for a coronation, or
upon the trial of a peer. [Eng.]
Steward
Stew"ard, v. t. To manage as a steward. [Obs.]
Stewardess
Stew"ard*ess, n. A female steward; specifically, a woman employed in
passenger vessels to attend to the wants of female passengers.
Stewardly
Stew"ard*ly, adv. In a manner, or with the care, of a steward. [R.]
To be stewardly dispensed, not wastefully spent. Tooker.
Stewardship
Stew"ard*ship, n. The office of a steward. Shak.
Stewartry
Stew"art*ry (?), n.
1. An overseer or superintendent. [R.] "The stewartry of provisions."
Tooke.
2. The office of a steward; stewardship. [R.] Byron.
3. In Scotland, the jurisdiction of a steward; also, the lands under
such jurisdiction.
Stewish
Stew"ish, a. Suiting a stew, or brothel. Bp. Hall.
Stewpan
Stew"pan` (?), n. A pan used for stewing.
Stewpot
Stew"pot` (?), n. A pot used for stewing.
Stey
Stey (?), n. See Stee.
Sthenic
Sthen"ic (?), a. [Gr. sth\'82nique.] (Med.) Strong; active; -- said
especially of morbid states attended with excessive action of the
heart and blood vessels, and characterized by strength and activity of
the muscular and nervous system; as, a sthenic fever. Sthenic theory.
See Stimulism (a).
Stiacciato
Sti*ac*cia"to (?), n. [It., crushed, flattened.] (Sculp.) The lowest
relief, -- often used in Italian sculpture of the 15th and 16th
centuries.
Stian
Sti"an (?), n. A sty on the eye. See Styan.
Stibborn
Stib"born (?), a. Stubborn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stibial
Stib"i*al (?), a. [See Stibium.] Like, or having the qualities of,
antimony; antimonial.
Stibialism
Stib"i*al*ism (?), n. (Med.) Antimonial intoxication or poisoning.
Dunglison.
Stibiated
Stib"i*a`ted (?), a. [NL. stibiatus, from L. stibium antimony.] (Med.
Chem.) Combined or impregnated with antimony (stibium). Stibiated
tartar. See Tartar emetic, under Tartar.
Stibic
Stib"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Antimonic; -- used with reference to certain
compounds of antimony.
Stibiconite
Stib"i*co*nite (?), n. (Min.) A native oxide of antimony occurring in
masses of a yellow color.
Stibine
Stib"ine (?), n. (Chem.) Antimony hydride, or hydrogen antimonide, a
colorless gas produced by the action of nascent hydrogen on antimony.
It has a characteristic odor and burns with a characteristic greenish
flame. Formerly called also antimoniureted hydrogen.
Stibious
Stib"i*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Antimonious. [R.]
Stibium
Stib"i*um (?), n. [L. stibium, stibi, Gr.
1. (Chem.) The technical name of antimony.
2. (Min.) Stibnite. [Obs.]
Stibnite
Stib"nite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral of a lead-gray color and brilliant
metallic luster, occurring in prismatic crystals; sulphide of
antimony; -- called also antimony glance, and gray antimony.
Stibonium
Sti*bo"ni*um (?), n. (Chem.) The hypothetical radical SbH4, analogous
to ammonium; -- called also antimonium.
Sticcado
Stic*ca"do (?), n. [Cf. It. steccato a palisade.] (Mus.) An instrument
consisting of small bars of wood, flat at the bottom and rounded at
the top, and resting on the edges of a kind of open box. They are
unequal in size, gradually increasing from the smallest to the
largest, and are tuned to the diatonic scale. The tones are produced
by striking the pieces of wood with hard balls attached to flexible
sticks.
Stich
Stich (?), n. [Gr. sti`chos a row, line, akin to to go, march, E. sty,
v.i.]
1. A verse, of whatever measure or number of feet.
2. A line in the Scriptures; specifically (Hebrew Scriptures), one of
the rhythmic lines in the poetical books and passages of the Old
Treatment, as written in the oldest Hebrew manuscripts and in the
Revised Version of the English Bible.
3. A row, line, or rank of trees.
Stichic
Stich"ic (?), a. [Gr. stichiko`s.] Of or pertaining to stichs, or
lines; consisting of stichs, or lines. [R.]
Stichidium
Sti*chid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Stichida (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A
special podlike or fusiform branch containing tetraspores. It is found
in certain red alg\'91.
Stichomancy
Stich"o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by lines, or passages
of books, taken at hazard.
Stichometrical
Stich`o*met"ric*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to stichometry;
characterized by stichs, or lines.
Stichometry
Stich*om"e*try (?), n. [Gr. -metry.]
1. Measurement of books by the number of lines which they contain.
2. Division of the text of a book into lines; especially, the division
of the text of books into lines accommodated to the sense, -- a method
of writing manuscripts used before punctuation was adopted.
Stichwort
Stich"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of chickweed (Stellaria Holostea).
[Written also stitchwort.]
Stick
Stick (?), n. [OE. sticke, AS. sticca; akin to stician to stab, prick,
pierce, G. stecken a stick, staff, OHG. steccho, Icel. stik a stick.
See Stick, v. t..]
1. A small shoot, or branch, separated, as by a cutting, from a tree
or shrub; also, any stem or branch of a tree, of any size, cut for
fuel or timber.
Withered sticks to gather, which might serve Against a winter's
day. Milton.
2. Any long and comparatively slender piece of wood, whether in
natural form or shaped with tools; a rod; a wand; a staff; as, the
stick of a rocket; a walking stick.
3. Anything shaped like a stick; as, a stick of wax.
4. A derogatory expression for a person; one who is inert or stupid;
as, an odd stick; a poor stick. [Colloq.]
5. (Print.) A composing stick. See under Composing. It is usually a
frame of metal, but for posters, handbills, etc., one made of wood is
used.
6. A thrust with a pointed instrument; a stab.
A stick of eels, twenty-five eels. [Prov. Eng.] -- Stick chimney, a
chimney made of sticks laid crosswise, and cemented with clay or mud,
as in some log houses. [U.S.] -- Stick insect, (Zo\'94l.), any one of
various species of wingless orthopterous insects of the family
Phasmid\'91, which have a long round body, resembling a stick in form
and color, and long legs, which are often held rigidly in such
positions as to make them resemble small twigs. They thus imitate the
branches and twigs of the trees on which they live. The common
American species is Diapheromera femorata. Some of the Asiatic species
are more than a foot long. -- To cut one's stick, OR To cut stick, to
run away. [Slang] De Quincey.
Stick
Stick, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stuck (?) (Obs. Sticked (); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sticking.] [OE. stikien, v.t. & i., combined with steken, whence E.
stuck), AS. stician, v.t. & i., and (assumed) stecan, v.t.; akin to
OFries. steka, OS. stekan, OHG. stehhan, G. stechen, and to Gr. tij to
be sharp. Cf. Distinguish, Etiquette, Extinct, Instigate, Instinct,
Prestige, Stake, Steak, Stick, n., Stigma, Stimulate, Sting, Stitch in
sewing, Style for or in writing.]
1. To penetrate with a pointed instrument; to pierce; to stab; hence,
to kill by piercing; as, to stick a beast.
And sticked him with bodkins anon. Chaucer.
It was a shame . . . to stick him under the other gentleman's arm
while he was redding the fray. Sir W. Scott.
2. To cause to penetrate; to push, thrust, or drive, so as to pierce;
as, to stick a needle into one's finger.
Thou stickest a dagger in me. Shak.
3. To fasten, attach, or cause to remain, by thrusting in; hence,
also, to adorn or deck with things fastened on as by piercing; as, to
stick a pin on the sleeve.
My shroud of white, stuck all with yew. Shak.
The points of spears are stuck within the shield. Dryden.
4. To set; to fix in; as, to stick card teeth.
5. To set with something pointed; as, to stick cards.
6. To fix on a pointed instrument; to impale; as, to stick an apple on
a fork.
7. To attach by causing to adhere to the surface; as, to stick on a
plaster; to stick a stamp on an envelope; also, to attach in any
manner.
8. (Print.) To compose; to set, or arrange, in a composing stick; as,
to stick type. [Cant]
9. (Joinery) To run or plane (moldings) in a machine, in
contradistinction to working them by hand. Such moldings are said to
be stuck.
10. To cause to stick; to bring to a stand; to pose; to puzzle; as, to
stick one with a hard problem. [Colloq.]
11. To impose upon; to compel to pay; sometimes, to cheat. [Slang]
To stick out, to cause to project or protrude; to render prominent.
Stick
Stick (?), v. i.
1. To adhere; as, glue sticks to the fingers; paste sticks to the
wall.
The green caterpillar breedeth in the inward parts of roses not
blown, where the dew sticketh. Bacon.
2. To remain where placed; to be fixed; to hold fast to any position
so as to be moved with difficulty; to cling; to abide; to cleave; to
be united closely.
A friend that sticketh closer than a brother. Prov. xviii. 24.
I am a kind of bur; I shall stick. Shak.
If on your fame our sex a bolt has thrown, 'T will ever stick
through malice of your own. Young.
3. To be prevented from going farther; to stop by reason of some
obstacle; to be stayed.
I had most need of blessing, and "Amen" Stuck in my throat. Shak.
The trembling weapon passed Through nine bull hides, . . . and
stuck within the last. Dryden.
4. To be embarrassed or puzzled; to hesitate; to be deterred, as by
scruples; to scruple; -- often with at.
They will stick long at part of a demonstration for want of
perceiving the connection of two ideas. Locke.
Some stick not to say, that the parson and attorney forged a will.
Arbuthnot.
5. To cause difficulties, scruples, or hesitation.
This is the difficulty that sticks with the most reasonable. Swift.
To stick by. (a) To adhere closely to; to be firm in supporting. "We
are your only friends; stick by us, and we will stick by you."
Davenant. (b) To be troublesome by adhering. "I am satisfied to trifle
away my time, rather than let it stick by me." Pope. -- To stick out.
(a) To project; to be prominent. "His bones that were not seen stick
out." Job xxxiii. 21. (b) To persevere in a purpose; to hold out; as,
the garrison stuck out until relieved. [Colloq.]<-- also v.i. to stick
it out. --> -- To stick to, to be persevering in holding to; as, to
stick to a party or cause. "The advantage will be on our side if we
stick to its essentials." Addison. -- To stick up, to stand erect; as,
his hair sticks up. -- To stick up for, to assert and defend; as, to
stick up for one's rights or for a friend. [Colloq.] -- To stick upon,
to dwell upon; not to forsake. "If the matter be knotty, the mind must
stop and buckle to it, and stick upon it with labor and thought."
Locke.
Sticked
Stick"ed (?), obs. imp. of Stick. Stuck.
And in the sand her ship sticked so fast. Chaucer.
They sticked not to give their bodies to be burnt. Sir T. Browne.
Sticker
Stick"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, sticks; as, a bill sticker.
2. That which causes one to stick; that which puzzles or poses.
[Colloq.] Tackeray.
3. (Mus.) In the organ, a small wooden rod which connects (in part) a
key and a pallet, so as to communicate motion by pushing.
4. Same as Paster, 2. [Political Cant, U.S.]
Stickful
Stick"ful (?), n.; pl. Stickfuls (. (Print.) As much set type as fills
a composing stick.
Stickiness
Stick"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being sticky; as, the stickiness
of glue or paste.
Sticking
Stick"ing, a. & n. from Stick, v. Sticking piece, a piece of beef cut
from the neck. [Eng.] -- Sticking place, the place where a thing
sticks, or remains fast; sticking point.
But screw your courage to the sticking place, And we'll not fail.
Shak.
-- Sticking plaster, an adhesive plaster for closing wounds, and for
similar uses. -- Sticking point. Same as Sticking place, above.
Stickit
Stick"it (?), a. Stuck; spoiled in making. [Scot.] Stickit minister, a
candidate for the clerical office who fails, disqualified by
incompetency or immorality.
Stick-lac
Stick"-lac` (?), n. See the Note under Lac.
Stickle
Stic"kle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stickled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stickling.] [Probably fr. OE. stightlen, sti, to dispose, arrange,
govern, freq. of stihten, AS. stihtan: cf. G. stiften to found, to
establish.]
1. To separate combatants by intervening. [Obs.]
When he [the angel] sees half of the Christians killed, and the
rest in a fair way of being routed, he stickles betwixt the
remainder of God's host and the race of fiends. Dryden.
2. To contend, contest, or altercate, esp. in a pertinacious manner on
insufficient grounds.
Fortune, as she 's wont, turned fickle, And for the foe began to
stickle. Hudibras.
While for paltry punk they roar and stickle. Dryden.
The obstinacy with which he stickles for the wrong. Hazlitt.
3. To play fast and loose; to pass from one side to the other; to
trim.
Stickle
Stic"kle, v. t.
1. To separate, as combatants; hence, to quiet, to appease, as
disputants. [Obs.]
Which [question] violently they pursue, Nor stickled would they be.
Drayton.
2. To intervene in; to stop, or put an end to, by intervening; hence,
to arbitrate. [Obs.]
They ran to him, and, pulling him back by force, stickled that
unnatural fray. Sir P. Sidney.
Stickle
Stic"kle, n. [Cf. stick, v. t. & i.] A shallow rapid in a river; also,
the current below a waterfall. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Patient anglers, standing all the day Near to some shallow stickle
or deep bay. W. Browne.
Stickle-back
Stic"kle-back` (?), n. [OE. & Prov E. stickle a prickle, spine, sting
(AS. sticel) + back. See Stick, v. t., and cf. Banstickle.] (Zo\'94l.)
Any one of numerous species of small fishes of the genus Gasterosteus
and allied genera. The back is armed with two or more sharp spines.
They inhabit both salt and brackish water, and construct curious
nests. Called also sticklebag, sharpling, and prickleback.
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Page 1414
Stickler
Stic"kler (?), n. [See Stickle, v. t.] One who stickles. Specifically:
-- (a) One who arbitrates a duel; a sidesman to a fencer; a second; an
umpire. [Obs.]
Basilius, the judge, appointed sticklers and trumpets whom the
others should obey. Sir P. Sidney.
Our former chiefs, like sticklers of the war, First sought to
inflame the parties, then to poise. Dryden.
(b) One who pertinaciously contends for some trifling things, as a
point of etiquette; an unreasonable, obstinate contender; as, a
stickler for ceremony.
The Tory or High-church were the greatest sticklers against the
exorbitant proceedings of King James II. Swift.
Stick-seed
Stick"-seed` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Echinospermum Lappula) of the
Borage family, with small blue flowers and prickly nutlets.
Sticktail
Stick"tail` (?), n. The ruddy duck. [Local, U.S.]
Stick-tight
Stick"-tight` (?), n. (Bot.) Beggar's ticks.
Sticky
Stick"y (?), a. [Compar. Stickier (?); superl. Stickiest.] Having the
quality of sticking to a surface; adhesive; gluey; viscous; viscid;
glutinous; tenacious.
Herbs which last longest are those of strong smell, and with a
sticky stalk. Bacon.
Stiddy
Stid"dy (?), n. [See Stithy.] An anvil; also, a smith shop. See
Stithy. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Stiff
Stiff (?), a. [Compar. Stiffer (?); superl. Stiffest.] [OE. stif, AS.
st\'c6f; akin to D. stijf, G. steif, Dan. stiv, Sw. styf, Icel.
st\'c6fr, Lith. stipti to be stiff; cf. L. stipes a post, trunk of a
tree, stipare to press, compress. Cf. Costive, Stifle, Stipulate,
Stive to stuff.]
1. Not easily bent; not flexible or pliant; not limber or flaccid;
rigid; firm; as, stiff wood, paper, joints.
[They] rising on stiff pennons, tower The mid a\'89rial sky.
Milton.
2. Not liquid or fluid; thick and tenacious; inspissated; neither soft
nor hard; as, the paste is stiff.
3. Firm; strong; violent; difficult to oppose; as, a stiff gale or
breeze.
4. Not easily subdued; unyielding; stubborn; obstinate; pertinacious;
as, a stiff adversary.
It is a shame to stand stiff in a foolish argument. Jer. Taylor.
A war ensues: the Cretans own their cause, Stiff to defend their
hospitable laws. Dryden.
5. Not natural and easy; formal; constrained; affected; starched; as,
stiff behavior; a stiff style.
The French are open, familiar, and talkative; the Italians stiff,
ceremonious, and reserved. Addison.
6. Harsh; disagreeable; severe; hard to bear. [Obs. or Colloq.] "This
is stiff news." Shak.
7. (Naut.) Bearing a press of canvas without careening much; as, a
stiff vessel; -- opposed to crank. Totten.
8. Very large, strong, or costly; powerful; as, a stiff charge; a
stiff price. [Slang]
Stiff neck, a condition of the neck such that the head can not be
moved without difficulty and pain. Syn. -- Rigid; inflexible; strong;
hardly; stubborn; obstinate; pertinacious; harsh; formal; constrained;
affected; starched; rigorous.
Stiff-backed
Stiff"-backed` (?), a. Obstinate. J. H. Newman.
Stiffen
Stiff"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stiffened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stiffening.] [See Stiff.]
1. tiono make stiff; to make less pliant or flexible; as, to stiffen
cloth with starch.
Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood. Shak.
2. To inspissate; to make more thick or viscous; as, to stiffen paste.
3. To make torpid; to benumb.
Stiffen
Stiff"en, v. i. To become stiff or stiffer, in any sense of the
adjective.
Like bristles rose my stiffening hair. Dryden.
The tender soil then stiffening by degrees. Dryden.
Some souls we see, Grow hard and stiffen with adversity. Dryden.
Stiffener
Stiff"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, stiffens anything, as a
piece of stiff cloth in a cravat.
Stiffening
Stiff"en*ing, n.
1. Act or process of making stiff.
2. Something used to make anything stiff.
Stiffening order (Com.), a permission granted by the customs
department to take cargo or ballast on board before the old cargo is
out, in order to steady the ship.
Stiff-hearted
Stiff"-heart`ed (?), a. [Stiff + heart.] Obstinate; stubborn;
contumacious. Ezek. ii. 4.
Stiffish
Stiff"ish, a. Somewhat stiff.
Stiffly
Stiff"ly (?), adv. In a stiff manner.
Stiff-necked
Stiff"-necked` (?), a. Stubborn; inflexibly obstinate; contumacious;
as, stiff-necked pride; a stiff-necked people. Ex. xxxii. 9.
Stiff-neckedness
Stiff"-neck`ed*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being
stiff-necked; stubbornness.
Stiffness
Stiff"ness, n. The quality or state of being stiff; as, the stiffness
of cloth or of paste; stiffness of manner; stiffness of character.
The vices of old age have the stiffness of it too. South.
Stifftail
Stiff"tail` (?), n. The ruddy duck. [Local, U.S.]
Stiff-tailed
Stiff"-tailed` (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the quill feathers of the
tail somewhat rigid.
Stifle
Sti"fle (?), n. [From Stiff.] (Far.) The joint next above the hock,
and near the flank, in the hind leg of the horse and allied animals;
the joint corresponding to the knee in man; -- called also stifle
joint. See Illust. under Horse. Stifle bone, a small bone at the
stifle joint; the patella, or kneepan.
Stifle
Sti"fle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stifled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stifling
(?).] [Freq. of OE. stif stiff; cf. Icel. st\'c6fla to dam up.]
1. To stop the breath of by crowding something into the windpipe, or
introducing an irrespirable substance into the lungs; to choke; to
suffocate; to cause the death of by such means; as, to stifle one with
smoke or dust.
Stifled with kisses, a sweet death he dies. Dryden.
I took my leave, being half stifled with the closeness of the room.
Swift.
2. To stop; to extinguish; to deaden; to quench; as, to stifle the
breath; to stifle a fire or flame.
Bodies . . . stifle in themselves the rays which they do not
reflect or transmit. Sir I. Newton.
3. To suppress the manifestation or report of; to smother; to conceal
from public knowledge; as, to stifle a story; to stifle passion.
I desire only to have things fairly represented as they really are;
no evidence smothered or stifled. Waterland.
Stifle
Sti"fle (?), v. i. To die by reason of obstruction of the breath, or
because some noxious substance prevents respiration.
You shall stifle in your own report. Shak.
Stifled
Sti"fled (?), a. Stifling.
The close and stifled study. Hawthorne.
Stifler
Sti"fler (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, stifles.
2. (Mil.) See Camouflet.
Stigma
Stig"ma (?), n.; pl. E. Stigmas (#), L. Stigmata (#). [L., a mark, a
brand, from Gr. Stick, v. t.]
1. A mark made with a burning iron; a brand.
2. Any mark of infamy or disgrace; sign of moral blemish; stain or
reproach caused by dishonorable conduct; reproachful characterization.
The blackest stigma that can be fastened upon him. Bp. Hall.
All such slaughters were from thence called Bartelmies, simply in a
perpetual stigma of that butchery. Sir G. Buck.
3. (Bot.) That part of a pistil which has no epidermis, and is fitted
to receive the pollen. It is usually the terminal portion, and is
commonly somewhat glutinous or viscid. See Illust. of Stamen and of
Flower.
4. (Anat.) A small spot, mark, scar, or a minute hole; -- applied
especially to a spot on the outer surface of a Graafian follicle, and
to spots of intercellular substance in scaly epithelium, or to minute
holes in such spots.
5. (Pathol.) A red speck upon the skin, produced either by the
extravasation of blood, as in the bloody sweat characteristic of
certain varieties of religious ecstasy, or by capillary congestion, as
in the case of drunkards.
6. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the external openings of the trache\'91 of
insects, myriapods, and other arthropods; a spiracle. (b) One of the
apertures of the pulmonary sacs of arachnids. See Illust. of Scorpion.
(c) One of the apertures of the gill of an ascidian, and of Amphioxus.
7. (Geom.) A point so connected by any law whatever with another
point, called an index, that as the index moves in any manner in a
plane the first point or stigma moves in a determinate way in the same
plane.
8. pl. (R. C. Ch.) Marks believed to have been supernaturally
impressed upon the bodies of certain persons in imitation of the
wounds on the crucified body of Christ. See def. 5, above.
Stigmaria
Stig*ma"ri*a (?), n. [NL. See Stigma.] (Paleon.) The fossil root stem
of a coal plant of the genus Sigillaria.
Stigmata
Stig"ma*ta (?), n.; pl. of Stigma.
Stigmatic
Stig*mat"ic (?), n.
1. A notorious profligate or criminal who has been branded; one who
bears the marks of infamy or punishment. [R.] Bullokar.
2. A person who is marked or deformed by nature. Shak.
Stigmatic, Stigmatical
Stig*mat"ic (?), Stig*mat"ic*al (?), a. [See Stigma.]
1. Marked with a stigma, or with something reproachful to character.
2. Impressing with infamy or reproach. [R.]
3. (Bot., Anat., etc) Of or pertaining to a stigma or stigmata.
Stigmatic geometry, OR Stigmatics, that science in which the
correspondence of index and stigma (see Stigma, 7) is made use of to
establish geometrical proportions.
Stigmatically
Stig*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. With a stigma, or mark of infamy or deformity.
Stigmatist
Stig"ma*tist (?), n. One believed to be supernaturally impressed with
the marks of Christ's wounds. See Stigma, 8.
Stigmatization
Stig`ma*ti*za"tion (?), n.
1. The act of stigmatizing.
2. (R. C. Ch.) The production of stigmata upon the body. See Stigma,
8.
Stigmatize
Stig"ma*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stigmatized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stigmatizing (?).] [F. stigmatiser, Gr.
1. To mark with a stigma, or brand; as, the ancients stigmatized their
slaves and soldiers.
That . . . hold out both their ears with such delight and
ravishment, to be stigmatized and bored through in witness of their
own voluntary and beloved baseness. Milton.
2. To set a mark of disgrace on; to brand with some mark of reproach
or infamy.
To find virtue extolled and vice stigmatized. Addison.
Stigmatose
Stig"ma*tose` (?), a. (Bot.) Same as Stigmatic.
Stigonomancy
Stig"o*no*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. -mancy.] Divination by writing on the
bark of a tree.
Stike
Stike (?), n. [See Stich.] Stanza. [Obs.] Sackville.
Stilar
Sti"lar (?), a. [From Stile a style.] Of or pertaining to the style of
a dial. [Written also stylar.]
Stilbene
Stil"bene (?), n. [See Stilbite.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon, C14H12,
produced artificially in large, fine crystals; -- called also diphenyl
ethylene, toluylene, etc.
Stilbite
Stil"bite (?), n. [Gr. stilbite.] (Min.) A common mineral of the
zeolite family, a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime, usually
occurring in sheaflike aggregations of crystals, also in radiated
masses. It is of a white or yellowish color, with pearly luster on the
cleavage surface. Called also desmine.
Stile
Stile (?), n. [See Style.]
1. A pin set on the face of a dial, to cast a shadow; a style. See
Style. Moxon.
2. Mode of composition. See Style. [Obs.]
May I not write in such a stile as this? Bunyan.
Stile
Stile, n. [OE. stile, AS. stigel a step, a ladder, from st\'c6gan to
ascend; akin to OHG. stigila a stile. \'fb164. See Sty, v. i., and cf.
Stair.]
1. A step, or set of steps, for ascending and descending, in passing a
fence or wall.
There comes my master . . . over the stile, this way. Shak.
Over this stile in the way to Doubting Castle. Bunyan.
2. (Arch.) One of the upright pieces in a frame; one of the primary
members of a frame, into which the secondary members are mortised.
NOTE: &hand; In an ordinary door the principal upright pieces are
called stiles, the subordinate upright pieces mullions, and the
crosspieces rails. In wainscoting the principal pieces are
sometimes called stiles, even when horizontal.
Hanging stile, Pulley stile. See under Hanging, and Pulley.
Stilet
Sti"let (?), n. [Written also stilette, and stylet.]
1. A stiletto. [R.]
2. (Surg.) See Stylet, 2.
Stiletto
Sti*let"to (?), n.; pl. Stilettos (#). [It., dim. of stilo a dagger,
fr. L. stilus a pointed instrument. See Style for writing, and cf.
Stylet.]
1. A kind of dagger with a slender, rounded, and pointed blade.
2. A pointed instrument for making eyelet holes in embroidery.
3. A beard trimmed into a pointed form. [Obs.]
The very quack of fashions, the very he that Wears a stiletto on
his chin. Ford.
Stiletto
Sti*let"to, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stilettoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stilettoing (?).] To stab or kill with a stiletto. Bacon.
Still
Still (?), a. [Compar. Stiller (?); superl. Stillest.] [OE. stille,
AS. stille; akin to D. stil, OS. & OHG. stilli, G. still, Dan. stille,
Sw. stilla, and to E. stall; from the idea of coming to a stand, or
halt. Cf. Still, adv.]
1. Motionless; at rest; quiet; as, to stand still; to lie or sit
still. "Still as any stone." Chaucer.
2. Uttering no sound; silent; as, the audience is still; the animals
are still.
The sea that roared at thy command, At thy command was still.
Addison.
3. Not disturbed by noise or agitation; quiet; calm; as, a still
evening; a still atmosphere. "When all the woods are still." Milton.
4. Comparatively quiet or silent; soft; gentle; low. "A still small
voice." 1 Kings xix. 12.
5. Constant; continual. [Obs.]
By still practice learn to know thy meaning. Shak.
6. Not effervescing; not sparkling; as, still wines.
Still life. (Fine Arts) (a) Inanimate objects. (b) (Painting) The
class or style of painting which represents inanimate objects, as
fruit, flowers, dead game, etc. Syn. -- Quiet; calm; noiseless;
serene; motionless; inert; stagnant.
Still
Still, n. [Cf. G. stille.]
1. Freedom from noise; calm; silence; as, the still of midnight.
[Poetic]<-- the still of the night -->
2. A steep hill or ascent. [Obs.] W. Browne.
Still
Still, adv. [AS. stille quietly. See Still, a. The modern senses come
from the idea of stopping and staying still, or motionless.]
1. To this time; until and during the time now present; now no less
than before; yet.
It hath been anciently reported, and is still received. Bacon.
2. In the future as now and before.
Hourly joys be still upon you! Shak.
3. In continuation by successive or repeated acts; always; ever;
constantly; uniformly.
The desire of fame betrays an ambitious man into indecencies that
lessen his reputation; he is still afraid lest any of his actions
should be thrown away in private. Addison.
Chemists would be rich if they could still do in great quantities
what they have sometimes done in little. Boyle.
4. In an increasing or additional degree; even more; -- much used with
comparatives.
The guilt being great, the fear doth still exceed. Shak.
5. Notwithstanding what has been said or done; in spite of what has
occured; nevertheless; -- sometimes used as a conjunction. See Synonym
of But.
As sunshine, broken in the rill, Though turned astray, is sunshine
still. Moore.
6. After that; after what is stated.
In the primitive church, such as by fear being compelled to
sacrifice to strange gods, after repented, and kept still the
office of preaching the gospel. Whitgift.
Still and anon, at intervals and repeatedly; continually; ever and
anon; now and then.
And like the watchful minutes to the hour, Still and anon cheered
up the heavy time. Shak.
Still
Still, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stilling.]
[AS. stillan, from stille still, quiet, firm. See Still, a.]
1. To stop, as motion or agitation; to cause to become quiet, or
comparatively quiet; to check the agitation of; as, to still the
raging sea.
He having a full sway over the water, had power to still and
compose it, as well as to move and disturb it. Woodward.
2. To stop, as noise; to silence.
With his name the mothers still their babies. Shak.
3. To appease; to calm; to quiet, as tumult, agitation, or excitement;
as, to still the passions. Shak.
Toil that would, at least, have stilled an unquiet impulse in me.
Hawthorne.
Syn. -- To quiet; calm; allay; lull; pacify; appease; subdue;
suppress; silence; stop; check; restrain.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1415
Still
Still (?), n. [Cf. OE. stillatorie. See Still, v., to distill.]
1. A vessel, boiler, or copper used in the distillation of liquids;
specifically, one used for the distillation of alcoholic liquors; a
retort. The name is sometimes applied to the whole apparatus used in
in vaporization and condensation.
2. A house where liquors are distilled; a distillery.
Still watcher, a device for indicating the progress of distillation by
the density of the liquid given over. Knight.
Still
Still, v. t. [Abbreviated fr. distill.]
1. To cause to fall by drops.
2. To expel spirit from by heat, or to evaporate and condense in a
refrigeratory; to distill. Tusser.
Still
Still, v. i. [L. stillare. Cf. Distill.] To drop, or flow in drops; to
distill. [Obs.] Spenser.
Stillage
Stil"lage (?), n. (Bleaching) A low stool to keep the goods from
touching the floor. Knight.
Stillatitious
Stil`la*ti"tious (?), a. [L. stillaticius, fr. stillare to drop,
stilla a drop.] Falling in drops; drawn by a still.
Stillatory
Stil"la*to*ry (?), n.; pl. -ries (#). [From Still, for distill. Cf.
Still, n., and Distillatory, a.]
1. An alembic; a vessel for distillation. [R.] Bacon.
2. A laboratory; a place or room in which distillation is performed.
[R.] Dr. H. More. Sir H. Wotton.
Stillbirth
Still"birth` (?), n. The birth of a dead fetus.
Stillborn
Still"born` (?), a.
1. Dead at the birth; as, a stillborn child.
2. Fig.: Abortive; as, a stillborn poem. Swift.
Still-burn
Still"-burn` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. still-burnt (?) or Still-burned
(; p. pr. & vb. n. Still-burning.] To burn in the process of
distillation; as, to still-burn brandy.
Still-closing
Still"-clos"ing (?), a. Ever closing. [Obs.] "Still-clothing waters."
Shak.
Stiller
Still"er (?), n. One who stills, or quiets.
Stillhouse
Still"house` (?), n. A house in which distillation is carried on; a
distillery.
Still-hunt
Still"-hunt` (?), n. A hunting for game in a quiet and cautious
manner, or under cover; stalking; hence, colloquially, the pursuit of
any object quietly and cautiously. -- Still"-hunt`er (#), n. --
Still"-hunt`ing, n. [U.S.]
Stillicide
Stil"li*cide (?), n. [L. stillicidium; stilla a drop + cadere to
fall.] A continual falling or succession of drops; rain water falling
from the eaves. Bacon.
Stillicidious
Stil`li*cid"i*ous (?), a. Falling in drops. [Obs.]
Stilliform
Stil"li*form (?), a. [L. stilla a drop + -form.] Having the form of a
drop. Owen.
Stilling
Still"ing (?), n. [Cf. LG. stelling, G. stellen to set, to place.] A
stillion. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Stillion
Stil"lion (?), n. [See Stilling.] A stand, as for casks or vats in a
brewery, or for pottery while drying.
Stillness
Still"ness (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being still; quietness; silence; calmness;
inactivity.
Painting, then, was the art demanded by the modern intellect upon
its emergence from the stillness of the Middle Ages. J. A. Symonds.
2. Habitual silence or quiet; taciturnity.
The gravity and stillness of your youth The world hath noted. Shak.
Stillroom
Still"room` (?), n.
1. A room for distilling.
2. An apartment in a house where liquors, preserves, and the like, are
kept. [Eng.]
Floors are rubbed bright, . . . stillroom and kitchen cleared for
action. Dickens.
Stillstand
Still"stand` (?), n. A standstill. [R.] Shak.
Stilly
Still"y (?), a. Still; quiet; calm.
The stilly hour when storms are gone. Moore.
Stilly
Stil"ly (?), adv. In a still manner; quietly; silently; softly. Dr. H.
More.
The hum of either army stilly sounds. Shak.
Stilpnomelane
Stilp*nom"e*lane (?), n. [Gr. stilpno`s shining + me`las, -anos,
black.] (Min.) A black or greenish black mineral occurring in foliated
flates, also in velvety bronze-colored incrustations. It is a hydrous
silicate of iron and alumina.
Stilt
Stilt (?), n. [OE. stilte; akin to Dan. stylte, Sw. stylta, LG. & D.
stelt, OHG. stelza, G. stelze, and perh. to E. stout.]
1. A pole, or piece of wood, constructed with a step or loop to raise
the foot above the ground in walking. It is sometimes lashed to the
leg, and sometimes prolonged upward so as to be steadied by the hand
or arm.
Ambition is but avarice on stilts, and masked. Landor.
2. A crutch; also, the handle of a plow. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of limicoline birds belonging to Himantopus
and allied genera, in which the legs are remarkably long and slender.
Called also longshanks, stiltbird, stilt plover, and lawyer.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Am erican sp ecies (Himantopus Mexicanus) is well
known. The European and Asiatic stilt (H. candidus) is usually
white, except the wings and interscapulars, which are greenish
black. The white-headed stilt (H. leucocephalus) and the banded
stilt (Cladorhynchus pectoralis) are found in Australia.
Stilt plover (Zo\'94l.), the stilt. -- Stilt sandpiper (Zo\'94l.), an
American sandpiper (Micropalama himantopus) having long legs. The bill
is somewhat expanded at the tip.
Stilt
Stilt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stilted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stilting.]
To raise on stilts, or as if on stilts.
Stiltbird
Stilt"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Stilt, n., 3.
Stilted
Stilt"ed, a. Elevated as if on stilts; hence, pompous; bombastic; as,
a stilted style; stilted declamation. <-- also, formal or stiff; --
said of linguistic style --> Stilted arch (Arch.), an arch in which
the springing line is some distance above the impost, the space
between being occupied by a vertical member, molded or ornamented, as
a continuation of the archivolt, intrados, etc.
Stiltify
Stilt"i*fy (?), v. t. [Stilt + -fy.] To raise upon stilts, or as upon
stilts; to stilt.
Stilty
Stilt"y (?), a. Unreasonably elevated; pompous; stilted; as, a stilty
style.
Stime
Stime (?), n. [Etymology uncertain.] A slight gleam or glimmer; a
glimpse. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Stimulant
Stim"u*lant (?), a. [L. stimulans, p.pr.; cf. F. stimulant. See
Stimulate.]
1. Serving to stimulate.
2. (Physiol.) Produced increased vital action in the organism, or in
any of its parts.
Stimulant
Stim"u*lant, n. [Cf. F. stimulant.]
1. That which stimulates, provokes, or excites.
His feelings had been exasperated by the constant application of
stimulants. Macaulay.
2. (Physiol. & Med.) An agent which produces a temporary increase of
vital activity in the organism, or in any of its parts; -- sometimes
used without qualification to signify an alcoholic beverage used as a
stimulant.
Stimulate
Stim"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stimulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stimulating.] [L. stimulatus, p.p. of stimulare to prick or goad on,
to incite, fr. stimulus a goad. See Stimulus.]
1. To excite as if with a goad; to excite, rouse, or animate, to
action or more vigorous exertion by some pungent motive or by
persuasion; as, to stimulate one by the hope of reward, or by the
prospect of glory.
To excite and stimulate us thereunto. Dr. J. Scott.
2. (Physiol.) To excite; to irritate; especially, to excite the
activity of (a nerve or an irritable muscle), as by electricity. Syn.
-- To animate; incite; encourage; impel; urge; instigate; irritate;
exasperate; incense.
Stimulation
Stim`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. stimulatio: cf. F. stimulation.]
1. The act of stimulating, or the state of being stimulated.
2. (Physiol.) The irritating action of various agents (stimuli) on
muscles, nerves, or a sensory end organ, by which activity is evoked;
especially, the nervous impulse produced by various agents on nerves,
or a sensory end organ, by which the part connected with the nerve is
thrown into a state of activity; irritation.
Stimulative
Stim"u*la*tive (?), a. Having the quality of stimulating. -- n. That
which stimulates.
Stimulator
Stim"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. stimulateur.] One who stimulates.
Stimulatress
Stim"u*la`tress (?), n. A woman who stimulates.
Stimulism
Stim"u*lism (?), n. (Med.) (a) The theory of medical practice which
regarded life as dependent upon stimulation, or excitation, and
disease as caused by excess or deficiency in the amount of
stimulation. (b) The practice of treating disease by alcoholic
stimulants. Dr. H. Hartshorne.
Stimulus
Stim"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Stimuli (#). [L., for stigmulus, akin to L.
instigare to stimulate. See Instigare, Stick, v. t.]
1. A goad; hence, something that rouses the mind or spirits; an
incentive; as, the hope of gain is a powerful stimulus to labor and
action.
2. That which excites or produces a temporary increase of vital
action, either in the whole organism or in any of its parts;
especially (Physiol.), any substance or agent capable of evoking the
activity of a nerve or irritable muscle, or capable of producing an
impression upon a sensory organ or more particularly upon its specific
end organ.
NOTE: &hand; Of th e st imuli ap plied to th e sensory apparatus,
physiologists distinguish two kinds: (a) Homologous stimuli, which
act only upon the end organ, and for whose action the sense organs
are especially adapted, as the rods and cones of the retina for the
vibrations of the either. (b) Heterologous stimuli, which are
mechanical, chemical, electrical, etc., and act upon the nervous
elements of the sensory apparatus along their entire course,
producing, for example, the flash of light beheld when the eye is
struck.
Landois & Stirling.
Sting
Sting (?), n. [AS. sting a sting. See Sting, v. t.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any sharp organ of offense and defense, especially when
connected with a poison gland, and adapted to inflict a wound by
piercing; as the caudal sting of a scorpion. The sting of a bee or
wasp is a modified ovipositor. The caudal sting, or spine, of a sting
ray is a modified dorsal fin ray. The term is sometimes applied to the
fang of a serpent. See Illust. of Scorpion.
2. (Bot.) A sharp-pointed hollow hair seated on a gland which secrets
an acrid fluid, as in nettles. The points of these hairs usually break
off in the wound, and the acrid fluid is pressed into it.
3. Anything that gives acute pain, bodily or mental; as, the stings of
remorse; the stings of reproach.
The sting of death is sin. 1 Cor. xv. 56.
4. The thrust of a sting into the flesh; the act of stinging; a wound
inflicted by stinging. "The lurking serpent's mortal sting." Shak.
5. A goad; incitement. Shak.
6. The point of an epigram or other sarcastic saying.
Sting moth (Zo\'94l.), an Australian moth (Doratifera vulnerans) whose
larva is armed, at each end of the body, with four tubercles bearing
powerful stinging organs. -- Sting ray. (Zo\'94l.) See under 6th Ray.
-- Sting winkle (Zo\'94l.), a spinose marine univalve shell of the
genus Murex, as the European species (Murex erinaceus). See Illust. of
Murex.
Sting
Sting, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stung (?) (Archaic Stang (); p. pr. & vb.
n. Stinging.] [AS. stingan; akin to Icel. & Sw. stinga, Dan. stinge,
and probably to E. stick, v.t.; cf. Goth. usstiggan to put out, pluck
out. Cf. Stick, v. t.]
1. To pierce or wound with a sting; as, bees will sting an animal that
irritates them; the nettles stung his hands.
2. To pain acutely; as, the conscience is stung with remorse; to bite.
"Slander stings the brave." Pope.
3. To goad; to incite, as by taunts or reproaches.
Stingaree
Sting`a*ree" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any sting ray. See under 6th Ray.
Stingbull
Sting"bull` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European greater weever fish
(Trachinus draco), which is capable of inflicting severe wounds with
the spinous rays of its dorsal fin. See Weever.
Stinger
Sting"er (?), n. One who, or that which, stings.
Professor E. Forbes states that only a small minority of the
medus\'91 of our seas are stingers. Owen.
Stingfish
Sting"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The weever.
Stingily
Stin"gi*ly (?), adv. In a stingy manner.
Stinginess
Stin"gi*ness, n. The quality or state of being stingy.
Stinging
Sting"ing (?), a. Piercing, or capable of piercing, with a sting;
inflicting acute pain as if with a sting, goad, or pointed weapon;
pungent; biting; as, stinging cold; a stinging rebuke. --
Sting"ing*ly, adv. Stinging cell. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Lasso cell, under
Lasso.
Stingless
Sting"less, a. Having no sting.
Stingo
Stin"go (?), n. [From Sting.] Old beer; sharp or strong liquor. [Old
Slang]
Shall I set a cup of old stingo at your elbow? Addison.
Stingtail
Sting"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A sting ray.
Stingy
Sting"y (?), a. Stinging; able to sting.
Stingy
Stin"gy (?), a. [Compar. Stingier (?); superl. Stingiest.] [Probably
from sting, and meaning originally, stinging; hence, biting, nipping
(of the wind), churlish, avaricious; or cf. E. skinch.] Extremely
close and covetous; meanly avaricious; niggardly; miserly; penurious;
as, a stingy churl.
A stingy, narrow-hearted fellow that had a deal of choice fruit,
had not the heart to touch it till it began to be rotten.
L'estrange.
Stink
Stink (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stunk (?), Stank (, p. pr. & vb. n.
Stinking.] [AS. stinkan to have a smell (whether good or bad); akin to
OHG. stinchan, G. & D. stinken to stink; of uncertain origin; cf.
Icel. st\'94kkva to leap, to spring, Goth. stigqan to push, strike, or
Gr. Stench.] To emit a strong, offensive smell; to send out a
disgusting odor.
Stink
Stink, v. t. To cause to stink; to affect by a stink.
Stink
Stink, n. [AS. stinc.] A strong, offensive smell; a disgusting odor; a
stench. Fire stink. See under Fire. -- Stink-fire lance. See under
Lance. -- Stink rat (Zo\'94l.), the musk turtle. [Local, U.S.] --
Stink shad (Zo\'94l.), the gizzard shad. [Local, U.S.] Stink trap, a
stench trap. See under Stench.
Stinkard
Stink"ard (?), n.
1. A mean, stinking, paltry fellow. B. Jonson.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The teledu of the East Indies. It emits a disagreeable
odor.
Stinkball
Stink"ball` (?), n. A composition of substances which in combustion
emit a suffocating odor; -- used formerly in naval warfare.
Stinker
Stink"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, stinks.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the several species of large antarctic
petrels which feed on blubber and carrion and have an offensive odor,
as the giant fulmar.
Stinkhorn
Stink"horn` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of fungus of the genus Phallus,
which emits a fetid odor.
Stinking
Stink"ing, a. & n. from Stink, v. Stinking badger (Zo\'94l.), the
teledu. -- Stinking cedar (Bot.), the California nutmeg tree; also, a
related tree of Florida (Torreya taxifolia).
Stinkingly
Stink"ing*ly, adv. In a stinking manner; with an offensive smell.
Stinkpot
Stink"pot` (?), n.
1. An earthen jar charged with powder, grenades, and other materials
of an offensive and suffocating smell, -- sometimes used in boarding
an enemy's vessel.
2. A vessel in which disinfectants are burned.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The musk turtle, or musk tortoise. See under Musk.
Stinkstone
Stink"stone` (?), n. (Min.) One of the varieties of calcite, barite,
and feldspar, which emit a fetid odor on being struck; -- called also
swinestone.
Stinkweed
Stink"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Stramonium. See Jamestown weed, and Datura.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1416
Stinkwood
Stink"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to several kinds of wood with
an unpleasant smell, as that of the F\'d2tidia Mauritiana of the
Mauritius, and that of the South African Ocotea bullata.
Stint
Stint (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of small
sandpipers, as the sanderling of Europe and America, the dunlin, the
little stint of India (Tringa minuta), etc. Called also pume. (b) A
phalarope.
Stint
Stint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stinted; p. pr. & vb. n. Stinting.] [OE.
stinten, stenten, stunten, to cause to cease, AS. styntan (in comp.)
to blunt, dull, fr. stunt dull, stupid; akin to Icel. stytta to
shorten, stuttr short, dial, Sw. stynta to shorten, stunt short. Cf.
Stent, Stunt.]
1. To restrain within certain limits; to bound; to confine; to
restrain; to restrict to a scant allowance.
I shall not go about to extenuate the latitude of the curse upon
the earth, or stint it only to the production of weeds. Woodward.
She stints them in their meals. Law.
2. To put an end to; to stop. [Obs.] Shak.
3. To assign a certain (i. e., limited) task to (a person), upon the
performance of which one is excused from further labor for the day or
for a certain time; to stent.
4. To serve successfully; to get with foal; -- said of mares.
The majority of maiden mares will become stinted while at work. J.
H. Walsh.
Stint
Stint, v. i. To stop; to cease. [Archaic]
They can not stint till no thing be left. Chaucer.
And stint thou too, I pray thee. Shak.
The damsel stinted in her song. Sir W. Scott.
<-- 2. to be parsimonious in expending some resource; -- used with
"on" to indicate the item conserved. "Don't stint on the potatos!" -->
Stint
Stint, n. [Also written stent. See Stint, v. t.]
1. Limit; bound; restraint; extent.
God has wrote upon no created thing the utmost stint of his power.
South.
2. Quantity or task assigned; proportion allotted.
His old stint -- three thousand pounds a year. Cowper.
<-- 3. A period of work at a specific task; as, to do one's stint in
the army, an actor who did a stint as a cab driver. -->
Stintance
Stint"ance (?), n. Restraint; stoppage. [Obs.]
Stintedness
Stint"ed*ness, n. The state of being stinted.
Stinter
Stint"er (?), n. One who, or that which, stints.
Stintless
Stint"less, a. Without stint or restraint.
The stintlesstears of old Heraclitus. Marston.
Stipe
Stipe (?), n. [L. stipes a stock, post, branch: cf. F. stipe.] (Bot.)
(a) The stalk or petiole of a frond, as of a fern. (b) The stalk of a
pistil. (c) The trunk of a tree. (d) The stem of a fungus or mushroom.
Stipel
Sti"pel (?), n. [See Stipule.] (Bot.) The stipule of a leaflet. Gray.
Stipellate
Sti*pel"late (?), a. (Bot.) Having stipels.
Stipend
Sti"pend (?), n. [L. stipendium; stips, gen. stipis, a gift, donation,
given in small coin + pendere to weigh or pay out.] Settled pay or
compensation for services, whether paid daily, monthly, or annually.
Stipend
Sti"pend, v. t. To pay by settled wages. [R.]
Stipendiarian
Sti*pen`di*a"ri*an (?), a. Acting from mercenary considerations;
stipendiary. A. Seward.
Stipendiary
Sti*pen"di*a*ry (?), a. [L. stipendiarius: cf. F. stipendiaire.]
Receiving wages, or salary; performing services for a stated price or
compensation.
His great stipendiary prelates came with troops of evil-appointed
horseman not half full. Knolles.
Stipendiary
Sti*pen"di*a*ry, n.; pl. Stipendiaries (. One who receives a stipend.
If thou art become A tyrant's vile stipendiary. Glover.
Stipendiate
Sti*pen"di*ate (?), v. t. [L. stipendiatus, p.p. of stipendiari to
receive pay.] To provide with a stipend, or salary; to support; to
pay. Evelyn.
It is good to endow colleges, and to found chairs, and to
stipendiate professors. I. Taylor.
Stipendless
Sti"pend*less (st&imac;"p&ecr;nd*l&ecr;s), a. Having no stipend.
Stipes
Sti"pes (-p&emac;z), n.; pl. Stipites (#). [L., a stock.] (Zo\'94l.)
(a) The second joint of a maxilla of an insect or a crustacean. (b) An
eyestalk.
Stipitate
Stip"i*tate (?), a. [NL. stipitatus, from L. stipes, gen. stipitis, a
stock. See Stipe.] (Bot.) Supported by a stipe; elevated on a stipe,
as the fronds of most ferns, or the pod of certain cruciferous plants.
Stipitiform
Stip"i*ti*form (?), a. [Stipes + -form.] (Bot.) Having the shape of a
stalk; stalklike.
Stipple
Stip"ple (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stippled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stippling (?).] [D. stippelen to make points, to spot, dot, from
stippel, dim. of stip a dot, spot.]
1. To engrave by means of dots, in distinction from engraving in
lines.
The interlaying of small pieces can not altogether avoid a broken,
stippled, spotty effect. Milman.
2. To paint, as in water colors, by small, short touches which
together produce an even or softly graded surface.
Stipple, Stippling
Stip"ple (?), Stip"pling (?), n. (Engraving) A mode of execution which
produces the effect by dots or small points instead of lines.
2. (Paint.) A mode of execution in which a flat or even tint is
produced by many small touches.
Stiptic
Stip"tic (?), a. & n. (Med.) See Styptic.
Stipula
Stip"u*la (?), n.; pl. E. Stipulas (#), L. Stipul\'91 (#). [L., a
stalk, stem.]
1. (Bot.) A stipule.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A newly sprouted feather.
Stipulaceous, Stipular
Stip`u*la"ceous (?), Stip"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. stipulac\'82,
stipulaire. See Stipula.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to stipules;
resembling stipules; furnished with stipules; growing on stipules, or
close to them; occupying the position of stipules; as, stipular glands
and stipular tendrils.
Stipulary
Stip"u*la*ry (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to stipules; stipular.
Stipulate
Stip"u*late (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with stipules; as, a stipulate
leaf.
Stipulate
Stip"u*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stipulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stipulating.] [L. stipulatus, p.p. of stipulari to stipulate, fr. OL.
stipulus firm, fast; probably akin to L. stipes a post. Cf. Stiff.] To
make an agreement or covenant with any person or company to do or
forbear anything; to bargain; to contract; to settle terms; as,
certain princes stipulated to assist each other in resisting the
armies of France.
Stipulation
Stip`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. stipulatio: cf. F. stipulation.]
1. The act of stipulating; a contracting or bargaining; an agreement.
2. That which is stipulated, or agreed upon; that which is definitely
arranged or contracted; an agreement; a covenant; a contract or
bargain; also, any particular article, item, or condition, in a mutual
agreement; as, the stipulations of the allied powers to furnish each
his contingent of troops.
3. (Law) A material article of an agreement; an undertaking in the
nature of bail taken in the admiralty courts; a bargain. Bouvier.
Wharton. Syn. -- Agreement; contract; engagement. See Covenant.
Stipulation
Stip`u*la"tion, n. [See Stipule.] (Bot.) The situation, arrangement,
and structure of the stipules.
Stipulator
Stip"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who stipulates, contracts, or
covenants.
Stipule
Stip"ule (?), n. [L. stipula a stalk, stem, straw: cf. F. stipule. Cf.
Stubble.] (Bot.) An appendage at the base of petioles or leaves,
usually somewhat resembling a small leaf in texture and appearance.
Stipuled
Stip"uled (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with stipules, or leafy appendages.
Stir
Stir (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stirred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stirring.]
[OE. stiren, steren, sturen, AS. styrian; probably akin to D. storen
to disturb, G. st\'94ren, OHG. st\'d3ren to scatter, destroy.
\'fb166.]
1. To change the place of in any manner; to move.
My foot I had never yet in five days been able to stir. Sir W.
Temple.
2. To disturb the relative position of the particles of, as of a
liquid, by passing something through it; to agitate; as, to stir a
pudding with a spoon.
My mind is troubled, like a fountain stirred. Shak.
3. To bring into debate; to agitate; to moot.
Stir not questions of jurisdiction. Bacon.
4. To incite to action; to arouse; to instigate; to prompt; to excite.
"To stir men to devotion." Chaucer.
An Ate, stirring him to blood and strife. Shak.
And for her sake some mutiny will stir. Dryden.
NOTE: &hand; In all senses except the first, stir is often followed
by up with an intensive effect; as, to stir up fire; to stir up
sedition.
Syn. -- To move; incite; awaken; rouse; animate; stimulate; excite;
provoke.
Stir
Stir, v. i.
1. To move; to change one's position.
I had not power to stir or strive, But felt that I was still alive.
Byron.
2. To be in motion; to be active or bustling; to exert or busy one's
self.
All are not fit with them to stir and toil. Byron.
The friends of the unfortunate exile, far from resenting his unjust
suspicions, were stirring anxiously in his behalf. Merivale.
3. To become the object of notice; to be on foot.
They fancy they have a right to talk freely upon everything that
stirs or appears. I. Watts.
4. To rise, or be up, in the morning. [Colloq.] Shak.
Stir
Stir, n.
1. The act or result of stirring; agitation; tumult; bustle; noise or
various movements.
Why all these words, this clamor, and this stir? Denham.
Consider, after so much stir about genus and species, how few words
we have yet settled definitions of. Locke.
2. Public disturbance or commotion; tumultuous disorder; seditious
uproar.
Being advertised of some stirs raised by his unnatural sons in
England. Sir J. Davies.
3. Agitation of thoughts; conflicting passions.
Stirabout
Stir"a*bout` (?), n. A dish formed of oatmeal boiled in water to a
certain consistency and frequently stirred, or of oatmeal and dripping
mixed together and stirred about in a pan; a hasty pudding.
Stiriated
Stir"i*a`ted (?), a. [L. stiria an icicle.] Adorned with pendants like
icicles.
Stirious
Stir"i*ous (?), a. [L. stiria an icicle.] Resembling icicles. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Stirk
Stirk (?), n. [AS. stric, from ste\'a2r a steer. See Steer a young
ox.] A young bullock or heifer. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Stirless
Stir"less (?), a. Without stirring; very quiet; motionless. "Lying
helpless and stirless." Hare.
Stirp
Stirp (?), n. [L. stirps, stirpis.] Stock; race; family. [Obs.] Bacon.
Stirpiculture
Stir"pi*cul`ture (?), n. [L. stirps, stirpis, stem, stock, race +
cultura culture.] The breeding of special stocks or races.
Stirps
Stirps (?), n.; pl. Stirpes (#). [L., stem, stock.]
1. (Law) Stock; race; family. Blackstone.
2. (Bot.) A race, or a fixed and permanent variety.
Stirrage
Stir"rage (?), n. The act of stirring; stir; commotion. [Obs.] T.
Granger.
Stirrer
Stir"rer (?), n. One who, or that which, stirs something; also, one
who moves about, especially after sleep; as, an early stirrer. Shak.
Stirrer up, an instigator or inciter. Atterbury.
Stirring
Stir"ring (?), a. Putting in motion, or being in motion; active;
active in business; habitually employed in some kind of business;
accustomed to a busy life.
A more stirring and intellectual age than any which had gone before
it. Southey.
Syn. -- Animating; arousing; awakening; stimulating; quickening;
exciting.
Stirrup
Stir"rup (?), n. [OE. stirop, AS. stigr\'bep; st\'c6gan to mount,
ascend + r\'bep a rope; akin to G. stegreif a stirrup. \'fb164. See
Sty, v. i., and Rope.]
1. A kind of ring, or bent piece of metal, wood, leather, or the like,
horizontal in one part for receiving the foot of a rider, and attached
by a strap to the saddle, -- used to assist a person in mounting a
horse, and to enable him to sit steadily in riding, as well as to
relieve him by supporting a part of the weight of the body.
Our host upon his stirpoes stood anon. Chaucer.
2. (Carp. & Mach.) Any piece resembling in shape the stirrup of a
saddle, and used as a support, clamp, etc. See Bridle iron.
3. (Naut.) A rope secured to a yard, with a thimble in its lower end
for supporting a footrope. Totten.
Stirrup bone (Anat.), the stapes. -- Stirrup cup, a parting cup taken
after mounting. -- Stirrup iron, an iron stirrup. -- Stirrup leather,
OR Stirrup strap, the strap which attaches a stirrup to the saddle.
See Stirrup, 1.
Stirt
Stirt (?), obs. p. p. of Start, v. i. Started; leaped.
They privily be stirt into a well. Chaucer.
Stirte
Stir"te (?), obs. imp. of Start, v. i. & t. Chaucer.
Stitch
Stitch (?), n. [OE. stiche, AS. stice a pricking, akin to stician to
prick. See Stick, v. i.]
1. A single pass of a needle in sewing; the loop or turn of the thread
thus made.
2. A single turn of the thread round a needle in knitting; a link, or
loop, of yarn; as, to let down, or drop, a stitch; to take up a
stitch.
3. [Cf. OE. sticche, stecche, stucche, a piece, AS. stycce. Cf.
Stock.] A space of work taken up, or gone over, in a single pass of
the needle; hence, by extension, any space passed over; distance.
You have gone a good stitch. Bunyan.
In Syria the husbandmen go lightly over with their plow, and take
no deep stitch in making their furrows. Holland.
4. A local sharp pain; an acute pain, like the piercing of a needle;
as, a stitch in the side.
He was taken with a cold and with stitches, which was, indeed, a
pleurisy. Bp. Burnet.
5. A contortion, or twist. [Obs.]
If you talk, Or pull your face into a stitch again, I shall be
angry. Marston.
6. Any least part of a fabric or dress; as, to wet every stitch of
clothes. [Colloq.]
7. A furrow. Chapman.
Chain stitch, Lock stitch. See in the Vocabulary. -- Pearl, OR Purl
stitch. See 2nd Purl, 2.
Stitch
Stitch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stitched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stitching.]
1. To form stitches in; especially, to sew in such a manner as to show
on the surface a continuous line of stitches; as, to stitch a shirt
bosom.
2. To sew, or unite together by stitches; as, to stitch printed sheets
in making a book or a pamphlet.
3. (Agric.) To form land into ridges.
To stitch up, to mend or unite with a needle and thread; as, to stitch
up a rent; to stitch up an artery.
Stitch
Stitch, v. i. To practice stitching, or needlework.
Stitchel
Stitch"el (?), n. A kind of hairy wool. [Prov.]
Stitcher
Stitch"er (?), n. One who stitches; a seamstress.
Stitchery
Stitch"er*y (?), n. Needlework; -- in comtempt. Shak.
Stitching
Stitch"ing, n.
1. The act of one who stitches.
2. Work done by sewing, esp. when a continuous line of stitches is
shown on the surface; stitches, collectively.
Stitchwort
Stitch"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) See Stichwort.
Stith
Stith (?), a. [AS. st\'c6.] Strong; stiff; rigid. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Stith
Stith, n. [Icel. ste an anvil, akin to sta place. See Stead.] An
anvil; a stithy. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
He invented also pincers, hammers, iron crows, and the anvil, or
stith. Holland.
Stithy
Stith"y (?), n. [See Stith, and cf. Stiddy.]
1. An anvil. Sir W. Scott.
2. A smith's shop; a smithy; a smithery; a forge. "As foul as Vulcan's
stithy." Shak.
Stithy
Stith"y, v. t. To forge on an anvil.
The forge that stithied Mars his helm. Shak.
Stive
Stive (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stived (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stiving.]
[Probably fr. F. estiver to compress, stow, L. stipare: cf. It.
stivare, Sp. estivar. Cf. Stevedore, Stiff.] To stuff; to crowd; to
fill full; hence, to make hot and close; to render stifling. Sandys.
His chamber was commonly stived with friends or suitors of one kind
or other. Sir H. Wotton.
Stive
Stive, v. i. To be stifled or suffocated.
Stive
Stive, n. The floating dust in flour mills caused by the operation or
grinding. De Colange.
Stiver
Sti"ver (?), n. [D. stuiver; akin to G. st\'81ber, Dan. styver, Sw.
styfver.] A Dutch coin, and money of account, of the value of two
cents, or about one penny sterling; hence, figuratively, anything of
little worth.
Stives
Stives (?), n. pl. [OE. See Stew.] Stews; a brothel. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stoak
Stoak (?), v. t. [Cf. G. stocken.] (Naut.) To stop; to choke.
Stoat
Stoat (?), n. [OE. stot a stoat, horse, bullock; perhaps originally
only of male animals, and akin to D. stooten to push, E. stutter; cf.
Icel. st a bull, Sw. stut a bullock. Cf. Stot.] (Zo\'94l.) The ermine
in its summer pelage, when it is reddish brown, but with a black tip
to the tail. The name is sometimes applied also to other brown
weasels.
Stocah
Sto"cah (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. stocach an idle fellow who lives on the
industry of others, a lounger.] A menial attendant. [Obs.] Spenser.
Stoccade
Stoc*cade" (?), n. & v. See Stockade.
Stoccado
Stoc*ca"do (?), n. [F. estocade, fr. Sp. estocada, or It. stoccata,
from Sp. estoque, or It. stocco, a rapier, fr. G. stock a stick. See
Stock.] A stab; a thrust with a rapier. Shak.
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Page 1417
Stochastic
Sto*chas"tic (?), a. [Gr. Conjectural; able to conjecture. [Obs.]
Whitefoot.
Stock
Stock (?), n. [AS. stocc a stock, trunk, stick; akin to D. stok, G.
stock, OHG. stoc, Icel. stokkr, Sw. stock, Dan. stok, and AS. stycce a
piece; cf. Skr. tuj to urge, thrust. Cf. Stokker, Stucco, and Tuck a
rapier.]
1. The stem, or main body, of a tree or plant; the fixed, strong, firm
part; the trunk.
Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof
die in the ground, yet through the scent of water it will bud, and
bring forth boughs like a plant. Job xiv. 8,9.
2. The stem or branch in which a graft is inserted.
The scion overruleth the stock quite. Bacon.
3. A block of wood; something fixed and solid; a pillar; a firm
support; a post.
All our fathers worshiped stocks and stones. Milton.
Item, for a stock of brass for the holy water, seven shillings;
which, by the canon, must be of marble or metal, and in no case of
brick. Fuller.
4. Hence, a person who is as dull and lifeless as a stock or post; one
who has little sense.
Let's be no stoics, nor no stocks. Shak.
5. The principal supporting part; the part in which others are
inserted, or to which they are attached. Specifically: -- (a) The wood
to which the barrel, lock, etc., of a musket or like firearm are
secured; also, a long, rectangular piece of wood, which is an
important part of several forms of gun carriage. (b) The handle or
contrivance by which bits are held in boring; a bitstock; a brace. (c)
(Joinery) The block of wood or metal frame which constitutes the body
of a plane, and in which the plane iron is fitted; a plane stock. (d)
(Naut.) The wooden or iron crosspiece to which the shank of an anchor
is attached. See Illust. of Anchor. (e) The support of the block in
which an anvil is fixed, or of the anvil itself. (f) A handle or
wrench forming a holder for the dies for cutting screws; a diestock.
(g) The part of a tally formerly struck in the exchequer, which was
delivered to the person who had lent the king money on account, as the
evidence of indebtedness. See Counterfoil. [Eng.]
6. The original progenitor; also, the race or line of a family; the
progenitor of a family and his direct descendants; lineage; family.
And stand betwixt them made, when, severally, All told their stock.
Chapman.
Thy mother was no goddess, nor thy stock From Dardanus. Denham.
7. Money or capital which an individual or a firm employs in business;
fund; in the United States, the capital of a bank or other company, in
the form of transferable shares, each of a certain amount; money
funded in government securities, called also the public funds; in the
plural, property consisting of shares in joint-stock companies, or in
the obligations of a government for its funded debt; -- so in the
United States, but in England the latter only are called stocks, and
the former shares.
8. (Bookkeeping) Same as Stock account, below.
9. Supply provided; store; accumulation; especially, a merchant's or
manufacturer's store of goods; as, to lay in a stock of provisions.
Add to that stock which justly we bestow. Dryden.
10. (Agric.) Domestic animals or beasts collectively, used or raised
on a farm; as, a stock of cattle or of sheep, etc.; -- called also
live stock.
11. (Card Playing) That portion of a pack of cards not distributed to
the players at the beginning of certain games, as gleek, etc., but
which might be drawn from afterward as occasion required; a bank.
I must buy the stock; send me good cardings. Beau. & Fl.
12. A thrust with a rapier; a stoccado. [Obs.]
13. [Cf. Stocking.] A covering for the leg, or leg and foot; as, upper
stocks (breeches); nether stocks (stockings). [Obs.]
With a linen stock on one leg. Shak.
14. A kind of stiff, wide band or cravat for the neck; as, a silk
stock.
15. pl. A frame of timber, with holes in which the feet, or the feet
and hands, of criminals were formerly confined by way of punishment.
He shall rest in my stocks. Piers Plowman.
16. pl. (Shipbuilding) The frame or timbers on which a ship rests
while building.
17. pl. Red and gray bricks, used for the exterior of walls and the
front of buildings. [Eng.]
18. (Bot.) Any cruciferous plant of the genus Matthiola; as, common
stock (Matthiola incana) (see Gilly-flower); ten-weeks stock (M.
annua).
19. (Geol.) An irregular metalliferous mass filling a large cavity in
a rock formation, as a stock of lead ore deposited in limestone.
20. A race or variety in a species.
21. (Biol.) In tectology, an aggregate or colony of persons (see
Person), as trees, chains of salp\'91, etc.
22. The beater of a fulling mill. Knight.
23. (Cookery) A liquid or jelly containing the juices and soluble
parts of meat, and certain vegetables, etc., extracted by cooking; --
used in making soup, gravy, etc.
Bit stock. See Bitstock. -- Dead stock (Agric.), the implements of
husbandry, and produce stored up for use; -- in distinction from live
stock, or the domestic animals on the farm. See def. 10, above. --
Head stock. See Headstock. -- Paper stock, rags and other material of
which paper is made. -- Stock account (Bookkeeping), an account on a
merchant's ledger, one side of which shows the original capital, or
stock, and the additions thereto by accumulation or contribution, the
other side showing the amounts withdrawn. -- Stock car, a railway car
for carrying cattle. -- Stock company (Com.), an incorporated company
the capital of which is represented by marketable shares having a
certain equal par value.<-- also, joint-stock company --> -- Stock
duck (Zo\'94l.), the mallard. -- Stock exchange. (a) The building or
place where stocks are bought and sold; stock market; hence,
transactions of all kinds in stocks. (b) An association or body of
stockbrokers who meet and transact business by certain recognized
forms, regulations, and usages. Wharton. Brande & C. -- Stock farmer,
a farmer who makes it his business to rear live stock. -- Stock
gillyflower (Bot.), the common stock. See Stock, n., 18. -- Stock
gold, gold laid up so as to form a stock, or hoard. -- Stock in trade,
the goods kept for sale by a shopkeeper; the fittings and appliances
of a workman. Simmonds. -- Stock list, a list of stocks, or shares,
dealt in, of transactions, and of prices. -- Stock lock, a lock
inclosed in a wooden case and attached to the face of a door. -- Stock
market. (a) A place where stocks are bought and sold; the stock
exchange. (b) A market for live stock. -- Stock pigeon. (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Stockdove. -- Stock purse. (a) A common purse, as
distinguished from a private purse. (b) (Mil.) Moneys saved out of the
expenses of a company or regiment, and applied to objects of common
interest. [Eng.] -- Stock shave, a tool used by blockmakers. -- Stock
station, a place or district for rearing stock. [Australia] W. Howitt.
-- Stock tackle (Naut.), a tackle used when the anchor is hoisted and
secured, to keep its stock clear of the ship's sides. Totten. -- Stock
taking, an examination and inventory made of goods or stock in a shop
or warehouse; -- usually made periodically. -- Tail stock. See
Tailstock. -- To have something on the stock, to be at work at
something. -- To take stock, to take account of stock; to make an
inventory of stock or goods on hand. Dickens. -- To take stock in. (a)
To subscribe for, or purchase, shares in a stock company. (b) To put
faith in; to accept as trustworthy; as, to take stock in a person's
fidelity. [Slang] -- To take stock of, to take account of the stock
of; to take an inventory of; hence, to ascertain the facts in regard
to (something). [Eng.]
At the outset of any inquiry it is proper to take stock of the
results obtained by previous explorers of the same field. Leslie
Stephen.
Syn. -- Fund; capital; store; supply; accumulation; hoard; provision.
Stock
Stock (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stocked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stocking.]
1. To lay up; to put aside for future use; to store, as merchandise,
and the like.
2. To provide with material requisites; to store; to fill; to supply;
as, to stock a warehouse, that is, to fill it with goods; to stock a
farm, that is, to supply it with cattle and tools; to stock land, that
is, to occupy it with a permanent growth, especially of grass.
3. To suffer to retain milk for twenty-four hours or more previous to
sale, as cows.
4. To put in the stocks. [R.] Shak.
To stock an anchor (Naut.), to fit it with a stock, or to fasten the
stock firmly in place. -- To stock cards (Card Playing), to arrange
cards in a certain manner for cheating purposes. [Cant]<-- = to stack
the deck --> -- To stock down (Agric.), to sow, as plowed land, with
grass seed, in order that it may become swarded, and produce grass. --
To stock up, to extirpate; to dig up.
Stock
Stock, a. Used or employed for constant service or application, as if
constituting a portion of a stock or supply; standard; permanent;
standing; as, a stock actor; a stock play; a stock sermon. "A stock
charge against Raleigh." C. Kingsley. Stock company (Theater), a
company of actors regularly employed at one theater, or permanently
acting together in various plays under one management.
Stockade
Stock*ade" (?), n. [F. estacade stockade, boom (confused in French
with estocade; see 1st Stoccado); fr. It. steccata a palisade
(influenced by OF. estach, estaque, a stake, post), or from Sp.
estacada a palisade; both of German origin, and akin to E. stake,
stick; cf. G. stecken stick, OHG. steccho. See Stake, n., Stick, n. &
v. t., and cf. Estacade, Stacket.]
1. (Mil.) A line of stout posts or timbers set firmly in the earth in
contact with each other (and usually with loopholes) to form a
barrier, or defensive fortification. [Written also stoccade.]
2. An inclosure, or pen, made with posts and stakes.
Stockade
Stock*ade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stockaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Stockading.] To surround, fortify, or protect with a stockade.
Stock-blind
Stock"-blind` (?), a. Blind as a stock; wholly blind.
Stockbroker
Stock"bro`ker (?), n. A broker who deals in stocks.
Stockdove
Stock"dove` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A common European wild pigeon (Columba
\'91nas), so called because at one time believed to be the stock of
the domestic pigeon, or, according to some, from its breeding in the
stocks, or trunks, of trees.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is applied, also, to other related species,
as the Indian stockdove (Palumb\'91na Eversmanni).
Stocker
Stock"er (?), n. One who makes or fits stocks, as of guns or gun
carriages, etc.
Stockfish
Stock"fish` (?), n. [Cf. D. stokvisch.]
1. Salted and dried fish, especially codfish, hake, ling, and torsk;
also, codfish dried without being salted.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Young fresh cod.
Stockholder
Stock"hold`er (?), n. One who is a holder or proprietor of stock in
the public funds, or in the funds of a bank or other stock company.
Stockinet
Stock`i*net" (?), n. An elastic textile fabric imitating knitting, of
which stockings, under-garments, etc., are made.
Stocking
Stock"ing (?), n. [From Stock, which was formerly used of a covering
for the legs and feet, combining breeches, or upper stocks, and
stockings, or nether stocks.] A close-fitting covering for the foot
and leg, usually knit or woven. Blue stocking. See Bluestocking. --
Stocking frame, a machine for knitting stockings or other hosiery
goods.
Stocking
Stock"ing, v. t. To dress in GBs. Dryden.
Stockinger
Stock"ing*er (?), n. A stocking weaver.
Stockish
Stock"ish, a. Like a stock; stupid; blockish.
Since naught so stockish, hard, and full of rage, But music for the
time doth change his nature. Shak.
Stockjobber
Stock"job`ber (?), n. [Stock + job.] One who speculates in stocks for
gain; one whose occupation is to buy and sell stocks. In England a
jobber acts as an intermediary between brokers.
Stockjobbing
Stock"job`bing (?), n. The act or art of dealing in stocks; the
business of a stockjobber.
Stockman
Stock"man (?), n.; pl. Stockmen (. A herdsman; a ranchman; one owning,
or having charge of, herds of live stock. [Australia & U.S.] W.
Howitt.
Stock-still
Stock"-still` (?), a. [CF. G. stock-still.] Still as a stock, or fixed
post; perfectly still.
His whole work stands stock-still. Sterne.
Stockwork
Stock"work` (?), n. [G. stockwerk.]
1. (Mining) A system of working in ore, etc., when it lies not in
strata or veins, but in solid masses, so as to be worked in chambers
or stories.
2. (Geol.) A metalliferous deposit characterized by the impregnation
of the mass of rock with many small veins or nests irregularly
grouped. This kind of deposit is especially common with tin ore. Such
deposits are worked in floors or stories.
Stocky
Stock"y (?), a. [From Stock.]
1. Short and thick; thick rather than tall or corpulent. Addison.
Stocky, twisted, hunchback stems. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
2. Headstrong. [Prov. Eng.] G. Eliot.
Stodgy
Stodg"y (?), a. Wet. [Prov. Eng.] G. Eliot.
St\'d2chiology, n., St\'d2chiometry
St\'d2ch`i*ol"o*gy (?), n., St\'d2ch`i*om"e*try (, n., etc. See
Stoichiology, Stoichiometry, etc.
Stoic
Sto"ic (?), n. [L. stoicus, Gr.
1. A disciple of the philosopher Zeno; one of a Greek sect which held
that men should be free from passion, unmoved by joy or grief, and
should submit without complaint to unavoidable necessity, by which all
things are governed.
2. Hence, a person not easily excited; an apathetic person; one who is
apparently or professedly indifferent to pleasure or pain.
A Stoic of the woods, a man without a tear. Campbell.
School of Stoics. See The Porch, under Porch.
Stoic, Stoical
Sto"ic (?), Sto"ic*al (?), a. [L. stoicus, Gr. sto\'8bque. See Stoic,
n.]
1. Of or pertaining to the Stoics; resembling the Stoics or their
doctrines.
2. Not affected by passion; manifesting indifference to pleasure or
pain. -- Sto"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Sto"ic*al*ness, n.
Stoichiological
Stoi`chi*o*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to stoichiology.
Stoichiology
Stoi`chi*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] [Written also st\'d2chiology.]
1. That part of the science of physiology which treats of the
elements, or principles, composing animal tissues.
2. (Logic) The doctrine of the elementary requisites of mere thought.
Sir W. Hamilton.
3. The statement or discussion of the first principles of any science
or art.
Stoichiometric, Stoichiometrical
Stoi`chi*o*met"ric (?), Stoi`chi*o*met"ric*al (?), a. Of or pertaining
to stoichiometry; employed in, or obtained by, stoichiometry.
Stoichiometry
Stoi`chi*om"e*try (?), n. [Gr. -metry.] The art or process of
calculating the atomic proportions, combining weights, and other
numerical relations of chemical elements and their compounds.
Stoicism
Sto"i*cism (?), n. [Cf. F. sto\'8bcisme.]
1. The opinions and maxims of the Stoics.
2. A real or pretended indifference to pleasure or pain;
insensibility; impassiveness.
Stoicity
Sto*ic"i*ty (?), n. Stoicism. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Stoke
Stoke (?), v. t. [OE. stoken, fr. D. stoken, fr. stok a stick (cf. OF.
estoquier to thrust, stab; of Teutonic origin, and akin to D. stok).
See Stock.]
1. To stick; to thrust; to stab. [Obs.]
Nor short sword for to stoke, with point biting. Chaucer.
2. To poke or stir up, as a fire; hence, to tend, as the fire of a
furnace, boiler, etc.
Stoke
Stoke, v. i. To poke or stir up a fire; hence, to tend the fires of
furnaces, steamers, etc.
Stokehole
Stoke"hole` (?), n. The mouth to the grate of a furnace; also, the
space in front of the furnace, where the stokers stand.
Stoker
Stok"er (?), n. [D. See Stoke, v. t.]
1. One who is employed to tend a furnace and supply it with fuel,
especially the furnace of a locomotive or of a marine steam boiler;
also, a machine for feeding fuel to a fire.
2. A fire poker. [R.] C. Richardson (Dict.).
Stokey
Sto"key (?), a. Close; sultry. [Prov. Eng.]
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Stola
Sto"la (?), n.; pl. Stol\'91 (#). [L. See Stole a garment.] (Rom.
Antiq.) A long garment, descending to the ankles, worn by Roman women.
The stola was not allowed to be worn by courtesans, or by women who
had been divorced from their husbands. Fairholt.
Stole
Stole (?), imp. of Steal.
Stole
Stole, n. [L. stolo, -onis.] (Bot.) A stolon.
Stole
Stole, n. [AS. stole, L. stola, Gr. stall. See Stall.]
1. A long, loose garment reaching to the feet. Spenser.
But when mild morn, in saffron stole, First issues from her eastern
goal. T. Warton.
2. (Eccl.) A narrow band of silk or stuff, sometimes enriched with
embroidery and jewels, worn on the left shoulder of deacons, and
across both shoulders of bishops and priests, pendent on each side
nearly to the ground. At Mass, it is worn crossed on the breast by
priests. It is used in various sacred functions.
Groom of the stole, the first lord of the bedchamber in the royal
household. [Eng.] Brande & C.
Stoled
Stoled (?), a. Having or wearing a stole.
After them flew the prophets, brightly stoled In shining lawn. G.
Fletcher.
Stolen
Stol"en (?), p. p. of Steal.
Stolid
Stol"id (?), a. [L. stolidus.] Hopelessly insensible or stupid; not
easily aroused or excited; dull; impassive; foolish.
Stolidity
Sto*lid"i*ty (?), n. [L. stoliditas.] The state or quality of being
stolid; dullness of intellect; obtuseness; stupidity.
Indocile, intractable fools, whose stolidity can baffle all
arguments, and be proof against demonstration itself. Bentley.
Stolidness
Stol"id*ness (?), n. Same as Stolidity.
Stolon
Sto"lon (?), n. [L. stolo, -onis: cf. F. stolon. Cf. Stole a stolon,
1st Stool.]
1. (Bot.) A trailing branch which is disposed to take root at the end
or at the joints; a stole.
2. (Zo\'94l.) An extension of the integument of the body, or of the
body wall, from which buds are developed, giving rise to new zooids,
and thus forming a compound animal in which the zooids usually remain
united by the stolons. Such stolons are often present in Anthozoa,
Hydroidea, Bryozoa, and social ascidians. See Illust. under
Scyphistoma.
Stoloniferous
Stol`o*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Stolon + -ferous: cf. F. stolonif\'8are.]
Producing stolons; putting forth suckers.
Stoma
Sto"ma (?), n.; pl. Stomata (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Anat.) One of the minute apertures between the cells in many
serous membranes.
2. (Bot.) (a) The minute breathing pores of leaves or other organs
opening into the intercellular spaces, and usually bordered by two
contractile cells. (b) The line of dehiscence of the sporangium of a
fern. It is usually marked by two transversely elongated cells. See
Illust. of Sporangium.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A stigma. See Stigma, n., 6 (a) & (b).
Stomach
Stom"ach (?), n. [OE. stomak, F. estomac, L. stomachus, fr. Gr.
sto`machos stomach, throat, gullet, fr. sto`ma a mouth, any outlet or
entrance.]
1. (Anat.) An enlargement, or series of enlargements, in the anterior
part of the alimentary canal, in which food is digested; any cavity in
which digestion takes place in an animal; a digestive cavity. See
Digestion, and Gastric juice, under Gastric.
2. The desire for food caused by hunger; appetite; as, a good stomach
for roast beef. Shak.
3. Hence appetite in general; inclination; desire.
He which hath no stomach to this fight, Let him depart. Shak.
4. Violence of temper; anger; sullenness; resentment; willful
obstinacy; stubbornness. [Obs.]
Stern was his look, and full of stomach vain. Spenser.
This sort of crying proceeding from pride, obstinacy, and stomach,
the will, where the fault lies, must be bent. Locke.
5. Pride; haughtiness; arrogance. [Obs.]
He was a man Of an unbounded stomach. Shak.
Stomach pump (Med.), a small pump or syringe with a flexible tube, for
drawing liquids from the stomach, or for injecting them into it. --
Stomach tube (Med.), a long flexible tube for introduction into the
stomach. -- Stomach worm (Zo\'94l.), the common roundworm (Ascaris
lumbricoides) found in the human intestine, and rarely in the stomach.
Stomach
Stom"ach, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stomached (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stomaching.] [Cf. L. stomachari, v.t. & i., to be angry or vexed at a
thing.]
1. To resent; to remember with anger; to dislike. Shak.
The lion began to show his teeth, and to stomach the affront.
L'Estrange.
The Parliament sit in that body . . . to be his counselors and
dictators, though he stomach it. Milton.
2. To bear without repugnance; to brook. [Colloq.]
Stomach
Stom"ach, v. i. To be angry. [Obs.] Hooker.
Stomachal
Stom"ach*al (?), a. [Cf. F. stomacal.]
1. Of or pertaining to the stomach; gastric.
2. Helping the stomach; stomachic; cordial.
Stomachal
Stom"ach*al, n. A stomachic. Dunglison.
Stomacher
Stom"ach*er (?), n.
1. One who stomachs.
2. ( An ornamental covering for the breast, worn originally both by
men and women. Those worn by women were often richly decorated.
A stately lady in a diamond stomacher. Johnson.
Stomachful
Stom"ach*ful (?), a. Willfully obstinate; stubborn; perverse. [Obs.]
-- Stom"ach*ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] -- Stom"ach*ful*ness, n. [Obs.]
Stomachic, Stomachical
Sto*mach"ic (?), Sto*mach"ic*al (?), a. [L. stomachicus, Gr.
stomachique.]
1. Of or pertaining to the stomach; as, stomachic vessels.
2. Strengthening to the stomach; exciting the action of the stomach;
stomachal; cordial.
Stomachic
Sto*mach"ic, n. (Med.) A medicine that strengthens the stomach and
excites its action.
Stomaching
Stom"ach*ing (?), n. Resentment. [Obs.]
Stomachless
Stom"ach*less, a.
1. Being without a stomach.
2. Having no appetite. [R.] Bp. Hall.
Stomachous
Stom"ach*ous (?), a. [L. stomachosus angry, peexish. See Stomach.]
Stout; sullen; obstinate. [Obs.]
With stern looks and stomachous disdain. Spenser.
Stomachy
Stom"ach*y (?), a. Obstinate; sullen; haughty.
A little, bold, solemn, stomachy man, a great professor of piety.
R. L. Stevenson.
Stomapod
Sto"ma*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Stomapoda.
Stomapoda
Sto*map"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Stoma, and -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) An
order of Crustacea including the squillas. The maxillipeds are leglike
in form, and the large claws are comblike. They have a large and
elongated abdomen, which contains a part of the stomach and heart; the
abdominal appendages are large, and bear the gills. Called also
Gastrula, Stomatopoda, and Squilloidea.
Stomate
Sto"mate (?), n. (Bot.) A stoma.
Stomatic
Sto*mat"ic (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a stoma; of the nature
of a stoma.
Stomatic
Sto*mat"ic, n. [Gr. sto`ma, -atos, mouth.] (Med.) A medicine for
diseases of the mouth. Dunglison.
Stomatiferous
Stom`a*tif"er*ous (?), a. [Gr. sto`ma, -atos mouth + -ferous.] Having
or producing stomata.
Stomatitis
Stom`a*ti"tis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. sto`ma, -atos, mouth + -itis.]
(Med.) Inflammation of the mouth.
Stomatoda
Stom`a*to"da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of
Protozoa in which a mouthlike opening exists.
Stomatod\'91um
Stom`a*to*d\'91"um (?), n. (Anat.) Same as Stomod\'91um.
Stomatode
Stom"a*tode (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a mouth; -- applied to certain
Protozoa. -- n. One of the Stomatoda.
Stomatogastric
Stom`a*to*gas"tric (?), a. [Gr. gastric.] Of or pertaining to the
mouth and the stomach; as, the stomatogastric ganglion of certain
Mollusca.
Stomatoplastic
Stom`a*to*plas"tic (?), a. [Gr. -plastic.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to
the operation of forming a mouth where the aperture has been
contracted, or in any way deformed.
Stomatopod
Stom"a*to*pod (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Stomatopoda.
Stomatopoda
Stom`a*top"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Stoma, and -pod.] (Zo\'94l.) Same
as Stomapoda.
Stomatopodous
Stom`a*top"o*dous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Stomatopoda.
Stomatoscope
Stom"a*to*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Med.) An apparatus for
examining the interior of the mouth.
Stomatous
Stom"a*tous (?), a. Having a stoma.
Stomod\'91um
Stom`o*d\'91"um (?), n. [NL., from Gr.
1. (Anat.) A part of the alimentary canal. See under Mesenteron.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The primitive mouth and esophagus of the embryo of
annelids and arthropods.
Stomp
Stomp (?), v. i. [See Stamp.] To stamp with the foot. [Colloq.] "In
gallant procession, the priests mean to stomp." R. Browning.
Stond
Stond (?), n. [For stand.]
1. Stop; halt; hindrance. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. A stand; a post; a station. [Obs.] Spenser.
Stond
Stond, v. i. To stand. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stone
Stone (?), n. [OE. ston, stan, AS. st\'ben; akin to OS. & OFries.
st\'c7n, D. steen, G. stein, Icel. steinn, Sw. sten, Dan. steen, Goth.
stains, Russ. stiena a wall, Gr. Steen.]
1. Concreted earthy or mineral matter; also, any particular mass of
such matter; as, a house built of stone; the boy threw a stone;
pebbles are rounded stones. "Dumb as a stone." Chaucer.
They had brick for stone, and slime . . . for mortar. Gen. xi. 3.
NOTE: &hand; In po pular la nguage, very large masses of stone are
called rocks; small masses are called stones; and the finer kinds,
gravel, or sand, or grains of sand. Stone is much and widely used
in the construction of buildings of all kinds, for walls, fences,
piers, abutments, arches, monuments, sculpture, and the like.
2. A precious stone; a gem. "Many a rich stone." Chaucer. "Inestimable
stones, unvalued jewels." Shak.
3. Something made of stone. Specifically: - (a) The glass of a mirror;
a mirror. [Obs.]
Lend me a looking-glass; If that her breath will mist or stain the
stone, Why, then she lives. Shak.
(b) A monument to the dead; a gravestone. Gray.
Should some relenting eye Glance on the where our cold relics lie.
Pope.
4. (Med.) A calculous concretion, especially one in the kidneys or
bladder; the disease arising from a calculus.
5. One of the testes; a testicle. Shak.
6. (Bot.) The hard endocarp of drupes; as, the stone of a cherry or
peach. See Illust. of Endocarp.
7. A weight which legally is fourteen pounds, but in practice varies
with the article weighed. [Eng.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e st one of butchers' meat or fish is reckoned at 8
lbs.; of cheese, 16 lbs.; of hemp, 32 lbs.; of glass, 5 lbs.
8. Fig.: Symbol of hardness and insensibility; torpidness;
insensibility; as, a heart of stone.
I have not yet forgot myself to stone. Pope.
9. (Print.) A stand or table with a smooth, flat top of stone,
commonly marble, on which to arrange the pages of a book, newspaper,
etc., before printing; -- called also imposing stone.
NOTE: &hand; Stone is used adjectively or in composition with other
words to denote made of stone, containing a stone or stones,
employed on stone, or, more generally, of or pertaining to stone or
stones; as, stone fruit, or stone-fruit; stone-hammer, or stone
hammer; stone falcon, or stone-falcon. Compounded with some
adjectives it denotes a degree of the quality expressed by the
adjective equal to that possessed by a stone; as, stone-dead,
stone-blind, stone-cold, stone-still, etc.
Atlantic stone, ivory. [Obs.] "Citron tables, or Atlantic stone."
Milton. -- Bowing stone. Same as Cromlech. Encyc. Brit. -- Meteoric
stones, stones which fall from the atmosphere, as after the explosion
of a meteor. -- Philosopher's stone. See under Philosopher. -- Rocking
stone. See Rocking-stone. -- Stone age, a supposed prehistoric age of
the world when stone and bone were habitually used as the materials
for weapons and tools; -- called also flint age. The bronze age
succeeded to this. -- Stone bass (Zo\'94l.), any one of several
species of marine food fishes of the genus Serranus and allied genera,
as Serranus Couchii, and Polyprion cernium of Europe; -- called also
sea perch. -- Stone biter (Zo\'94l.), the wolf fish. -- Stone boiling,
a method of boiling water or milk by dropping hot stones into it, --
in use among savages. Tylor. -- Stone borer (Zo\'94l.), any animal
that bores stones; especially, one of certain bivalve mollusks which
burrow in limestone. See Lithodomus, and Saxicava. -- Stone bramble
(Bot.), a European trailing species of bramble (Rubus saxatilis). --
Stone-break. [Cf. G. steinbrech.] (Bot.) Any plant of the genus
Saxifraga; saxifrage. -- Stone bruise, a sore spot on the bottom of
the foot, from a bruise by a stone. -- Stone canal. (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Sand canal, under Sand. -- Stone cat (Zo\'94l.), any one of several
species of small fresh-water North American catfishes of the genus
Noturus. They have sharp pectoral spines with which they inflict
painful wounds. -- Stone coal, hard coal; mineral coal; anthracite
coal. -- Stone coral (Zo\'94l.), any hard calcareous coral. -- Stone
crab. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large crab (Menippe mercenaria) found on the
southern coast of the United States and much used as food. (b) A
European spider crab (Lithodes maia). Stone crawfish (Zo\'94l.), a
European crawfish (Astacus torrentium), by many writers considered
only a variety of the common species (A. fluviatilis). -- Stone
curlew. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large plover found in Europe (Edicnemus
crepitans). It frequents stony places. Called also thick-kneed plover
or bustard, and thick-knee. (b) The whimbrel. [Prov. Eng.] (c) The
willet. [Local, U.S.] -- Stone crush. Same as Stone bruise, above. --
Stone eater. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Stone borer, above. -- Stone falcon
(Zo\'94l.), the merlin. -- Stone fern (Bot.), a European fern
(Asplenium Ceterach) which grows on rocks and walls. -- Stone fly
(Zo\'94l.), any one of many species of pseudoneuropterous insects of
the genus Perla and allied genera; a perlid. They are often used by
anglers for bait. The larv\'91 are aquatic. -- Stone fruit (Bot.), any
fruit with a stony endocarp; a drupe, as a peach, plum, or cherry. --
Stone grig (Zo\'94l.), the mud lamprey, or pride. -- Stone hammer, a
hammer formed with a face at one end, and a thick, blunt edge,
parallel with the handle, at the other, -- used for breaking stone. --
Stone hawk (Zo\'94l.), the merlin; -- so called from its habit of
sitting on bare stones. -- Stone jar, a jar made of stoneware. --
Stone lily (Paleon.), a fossil crinoid. -- Stone lugger. (Zo\'94l.)
See Stone roller, below. -- Stone marten (Zo\'94l.), a European marten
(Mustela foina) allied to the pine marten, but having a white throat;
-- called also beech marten. -- Stone mason, a mason who works or
builds in stone. -- Stone-mortar (Mil.), a kind of large mortar
formerly used in sieges for throwing a mass of small stones short
distances. -- Stone oil, rock oil, petroleum. -- Stone parsley (Bot.),
an umbelliferous plant (Seseli Labanotis). See under Parsley. -- Stone
pine. (Bot.) A nut pine. See the Note under Pine, and Pi\'a4on. --
Stone pit, a quarry where stones are dug. -- Stone pitch, hard,
inspissated pitch. -- Stone plover. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The European stone
curlew. (b) Any one of several species of Asiatic plovers of the genus
Esacus; as, the large stone plover (E. recurvirostris). (c) The gray
or black-bellied plover. [Prov. Eng.] (d) The ringed plover. (e) The
bar-tailed godwit. [Prov. Eng.] Also applied to other species of
limicoline birds. -- Stone roller. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An American
fresh-water fish (Catostomus nigricans) of the Sucker family. Its
color is yellowish olive, often with dark blotches. Called also stone
lugger, stone toter, hog sucker, hog mullet. (b) A common American
cyprinoid fish (Campostoma anomalum); -- called also stone lugger. --
Stone's cast, OR Stone's throw, the distance to which a stone may be
thrown by the hand. -- Stone snipe (Zo\'94l.), the greater yellowlegs,
or tattler. [Local, U.S.] -- Stone toter. (Zo\'94l.) (a) See Stone
roller (a), above. (b) A cyprinoid fish (Exoglossum maxillingua) found
in the rivers from Virginia to New York. It has a three-lobed lower
lip; -- called also cutlips. -- To leave no stone unturned, to do
everything that can be done; to use all practicable means to effect an
object.
Stone
Stone (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stoning.]
[From Stone, n.: cf. AS. st, Goth. stainjan.]
1. To pelt, beat, or kill with stones.
And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, and saying, Lord Jesus,
receive my spirit. Acts vii. 59.
2. To make like stone; to harden.
O perjured woman! thou dost stone my heart. Shak.
3. To free from stones; also, to remove the seeds of; as, to stone a
field; to stone cherries; to stone raisins.
4. To wall or face with stones; to line or fortify with stones; as, to
stone a well; to stone a cellar.
5. To rub, scour, or sharpen with a stone. <-- get stoned, be stoned?
-->
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Page 1419
Stonebird
Stone"bird` (?), n. The yellowlegs; -- called also stone snipe. See
Tattler, 2. [Local, U.S.]
Stone-blind
Stone"-blind` (?), a. As blind as a stone; completely blind.
Stonebow
Stone"bow` (?), n. A kind of crossbow formerly used for shooting
stones. Shak.
Stonebrash
Stone"brash` (?), n. A subsoil made up of small stones or
finely-broken rock; brash.
Stonebrearer
Stone"brear`er (?), n. A machine for crushing or hammering stone.
Knight.
Stonebuck
Stone"buck` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Steinbock.
Stonechat
Stone"chat` (?), n. [Stone + chat.] [So called from the similarity of
its alarm note to the clicking together of two pebbles.] (Zo\'94l.)
(a) A small, active, and very common European singing bird (Pratincola
rubicola); -- called also chickstone, stonechacker, stonechatter,
stoneclink, stonesmith. (b) The wheatear. (c) The blue titmouse.
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is sometimes applied to various species of
Saxicola, Pratincola, and allied genera; as, the pied stonechat of
India (Saxicola picata).
Stone-cold
Stone"-cold` (?), a. Cold as a stone.
Stone-cold without, within burnt with love's flame. Fairfax.
Stonecray
Stone"cray` (?), n. [Stone + F. craie chalk, L. creta.] A distemper in
hawks.
Stonecrop
Stone"crop` (?), n. [AS. st\'bencropp.]
1. A sort of tree. [Obs.] Mortimer.
2. (Bot.) Any low succulent plant of the genus Sedum, esp. Sedum acre,
which is common on bare rocks in Europe, and is spreading in parts of
America. See Orpine.
Virginian, OR Ditch, stonecrop, an American plant (Penthorum
sedoides).
Stonecutter
Stone"cut`ter (?), n. One whose occupation is to cut stone; also, a
machine for dressing stone.
Stonecutting
Stone"cut`ting (?), n. Hewing or dressing stone.
Stone-dead
Stone"-dead` (?), a. As dead as a stone.
Stone-deaf
Stone"-deaf` (?), a. As deaf as a stone; completely deaf.
Stonegall
Stone"gall` (?), n. [Cf. D. steengal, G. steingall. See Stannel.]
(Zo\'94l.) See Stannel. [Prov. Eng.]
Stonehatch
Stone"hatch` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The ring plover, or dotterel. [Prov.
Eng.]
Stone-hearted
Stone"-heart`ed (?), a. Hard-hearted; cruel; pitiless; unfeeling.
Stonehenge
Stone"henge (?), n. An assemblage of upright stones with others placed
horizontally on their tops, on Salisbury Plain, England, -- generally
supposed to be the remains of an ancient Druidical temple.
Stone-horse
Stone"-horse` (?), n. Stallion. [Obs.] Mortimer.
Stoner
Ston"er (?), n.
1. One who stones; one who makes an assault with stones.
2. One who walls with stones.
Stoneroot
Stone"root` (?), n. (Bot.) A North American plant (Collinsonia
Canadensis) having a very hard root; horse balm. See Horse balm, under
Horse.
Stonerunner
Stone"run`ner (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The ring plover, or the ringed
dotterel. [Prov. Eng.] (b) The dotterel. [Prov. Eng.]
Stonesmickle
Stone"smic`kle (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The stonechat; -- called also
stonesmitch. [Prov. Eng.]
Stone-still
Stone"-still` (?), a. As still as a stone. Shak.
Stoneware
Stone"ware` (?), n. A species of coarse potter's ware, glazed and
baked.
Stoneweed
Stone"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Lithospermum, herbs
having a fruit composed of four stony nutlets.
Stonework
Stone"work` (?), n. Work or wall consisting of stone; mason's work of
stone. Mortimer.
Stonewort
Stone"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Chara; -- so called
because they are often incrusted with carbonate of lime. See Chara.
Stonily
Ston"i*ly (?), adv. In a stony manner.
Stoniness
Ston"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being stony.
Stonish
Ston"ish, a. Stony. [R.] "Possessed with stonish insensibility."
Robynson (More's Utopia).
Stont
Stont (?), obs. 3d pers. sing. present of Stand.
Stony
Ston"y (?), a. [Compar. Stonier (?); superl. Stoniest.] [AS.
st\'benig. See Stone.]
1. Of or pertaining to stone, consisting of, or abounding in, stone or
stones; resembling stone; hard; as, a stony tower; a stony cave; stony
ground; a stony crust.
2. Converting into stone; petrifying; petrific.
The stony dart of senseless cold. Spenser.
3. Inflexible; cruel; unrelenting; pitiless; obdurate; perverse; cold;
morally hard; appearing as if petrified; as, a stony heart; a stony
gaze.
Stony coral. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Stone coral, under Stone.
Stood
Stood (?), imp. & p. p. of Stand.
Stook
Stook (?), n. [Scot. stook, stouk; cf. LG. stuke a heap, bundle, G.
stauche a truss, bundle of flax.] (Agric.) A small collection of
sheaves set up in the field; a shock; in England, twelve sheaves.
Stook
Stook, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stooked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stooking.]
(Agric.) To set up, as sheaves of grain, in stooks.
Stool
Stool (?), n. [L. stolo. See Stolon.] (Hort.) A plant from which
layers are propagated by bending its branches into the soil. P.
Henderson.
Stool
Stool, v. i. (Agric.) To ramfy; to tiller, as grain; to shoot out
suckers. R. D. Blackmore.
Stool
Stool (?), n. [AS. st\'d3l a seat; akin to OFries. & OS. st\'d3l, D.
stoel, G. stuhl, OHG. stuol, Icel. st\'d3ll, Sw. & Dan. stol, Goth.
st\'d3ls, Lith. stalas a table, Russ. stol'; from the root of E.
stand. \'fb163. See Stand, and cf. Fauteuil.]
1. A single seat with three or four legs and without a back, made in
various forms for various uses.
2. A seat used in evacuating the bowels; hence, an evacuation; a
discharge from the bowels.
3. A stool pigeon, or decoy bird. [U. S.]
4. (Naut.) A small channel on the side of a vessel, for the dead-eyes
of the backstays. Totten.
5. A bishop's seat or see; a bishop-stool. J. P. Peters.
6. A bench or form for resting the feet or the knees; a footstool; as,
a kneeling stool.
7. Material, such as oyster shells, spread on the sea bottom for
oyster spat to adhere to. [Local, U.S.]
Stool of a window, OR Window stool (Arch.), the flat piece upon which
the window shuts down, and which corresponds to the sill of a door; in
the United States, the narrow shelf fitted on the inside against the
actual sill upon which the sash descends. This is called a window seat
when broad and low enough to be used as a seat. Stool of repentance,
the cuttystool. [Scot.] -- Stool pigeon, a pigeon used as a decoy to
draw others within a net; hence, a person used as a decoy for others.
Stoolball
Stool"ball` (?), n. A kind of game with balls, formerly common in
England, esp. with young women.
Nausicaa With other virgins did at stoolball play. Chapman.
Stoom
Stoom (?), v. t. [D. stommen to adulterate, to drug (wine). \'fb163.
Cf. Stum.] To stum. [R.]
Stoop
Stoop (?), n. [D. stoep.] (Arch.) Originally, a covered porch with
seats, at a house door; the Dutch stoep as introduced by the Dutch
into New York. Afterward, an out-of-door flight of stairs of from
seven to fourteen steps, with platform and parapets, leading to an
entrance door some distance above the street; the French perron.
Hence, any porch, platform, entrance stairway, or small veranda, at a
house door. [U. S.]
Stoop
Stoop, n. [OE. stope, Icel. staup; akin to AS. ste\'a0p, D. stoop, G.
stauf, OHG. stouph.] A vessel of liquor; a flagon. [Written also
stoup.]
Fetch me a stoop of liquor. Shak.
Stoop
Stoop, n. [Cf. Icel. staup a knobby lump.] A post fixed in the earth.
[Prov. Eng.]
Stoop
Stoop, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stooped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stooping.]
[OE. stoupen; akin to AS. st, OD. stuypen, Icel. st&umac;pa, Sw. stupa
to fall, to tilt. Cf 5th Steep.]
1. To bend the upper part of the body downward and forward; to bend or
lean forward; to incline forward in standing or walking; to assume
habitually a bent position.
2. To yield; to submit; to bend, as by compulsion; to assume a
position of humility or subjection.
Mighty in her ships stood Carthage long, . . . Yet stooped to Rome,
less wealthy, but more strong. Dryden.
These are arts, my prince, In which your Zama does not stoop to
Rome. Addison.
3. To descend from rank or dignity; to condescend. "She stoops to
conquer." Goldsmith.
Where men of great wealth stoop to husbandry, it multiplieth riches
exceedingly. Bacon.
4. To come down as a hawk does on its prey; to pounce; to souse; to
swoop.
The bird of Jove, stooped from his a\'89ry tour, Two birds of
gayest plume before him drove. Milton.
5. To sink when on the wing; to alight.
And stoop with closing pinions from above. Dryden.
Cowering low With blandishment, each bird stooped on his wing.
Milton.
Syn. -- To lean; yield; submit; condescend; descend; cower; shrink.
Stoop
Stoop, v. t.
1. To bend forward and downward; to bow down; as, to stoop the body.
"Have stooped my neck." Shak.
2. To cause to incline downward; to slant; as, to stoop a cask of
liquor.
3. To cause to submit; to prostrate. [Obs.]
Many of those whose states so tempt thine ears Are stooped by
death; and many left alive. Chapman.
4. To degrade. [Obs.] Shak.
Stoop
Stoop, n.
1. The act of stooping, or bending the body forward; inclination
forward; also, an habitual bend of the back and shoulders.
2. Descent, as from dignity or superiority; condescension; an act or
position of humiliation.
Can any loyal subject see With patience such a stoop from
sovereignty? Dryden.
3. The fall of a bird on its prey; a swoop. L'Estrange.
Stooper
Stoop"er (?), n. One who stoops.
Stooping
Stoop"ing, a. & n. from Stoop. -- Stoop"ing*ly, adv.
Stoor
Stoor (?), v. i. [Cf. D. storen to disturb. Cf. Stir.] To rise in
clouds, as dust. [Prov. Eng.]
Stoor, Stor
Stoor (?), Stor (?), a. [AS. st\'d3r; akin to LG. stur, Icel.
st\'d3rr.] Strong; powerful; hardy; bold; audacious. [Obs. or Scot.]
O stronge lady stoor, what doest thou? Chaucer.
Stop
Stop (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stopped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stopping.]
[OE. stoppen, AS. stoppian (in comp.); akin to LG. & D. stoppen, G.
stopfen, Icel. stoppa, Sw. stoppa, Dan. stoppe; all probably fr. LL.
stopare, stupare, fr. L. stuppa the coarse part of flax, tow, oakum.
Cf. Estop, Stuff, Stupe a fomentation.]
1. To close, as an aperture, by filling or by obstructing; as, to stop
the ears; hence, to stanch, as a wound. Shak.
2. To obstruct; to render impassable; as, to stop a way, road, or
passage.
3. To arrest the progress of; to hinder; to impede; to shut in; as, to
stop a traveler; to stop the course of a stream, or a flow of blood.
4. To hinder from acting or moving; to prevent the effect or
efficiency of; to cause to cease; to repress; to restrain; to
suppress; to interrupt; to suspend; as, to stop the execution of a
decree, the progress of vice, the approaches of old age or infirmity.
Whose disposition all the world well knows Will not be rubbed nor
stopped. Shak.
5. (Mus.) To regulate the sounds of, as musical strings, by pressing
them against the finger board with the finger, or by shortening in any
way the vibrating part.
6. To point, as a composition; to punctuate. [R.]
If his sentences were properly stopped. Landor.
7. (Naut.) To make fast; to stopper. Syn. -- To obstruct; hinder;
impede; repress; suppress; restrain; discontinue; delay; interrupt.
To stop off (Founding), to fill (a part of a mold) with sand, where a
part of the cavity left by the pattern is not wanted for the casting.
-- To stop the mouth. See under Mouth.
Stop
Stop (?), v. i.
1. To cease to go on; to halt, or stand still; to come to a stop.
He bites his lip, and starts; Stops on a sudden, looks upon the
ground; Then lays his finger on his temple: strait Springs out into
fast gait; then stops again. Shak.
2. To cease from any motion, or course of action.
Stop, while ye may, suspend your mad career! Cowper.
3. To spend a short time; to reside temporarily; to stay; to tarry;
as, to stop with a friend. [Colloq.]
By stopping at home till the money was gone. R. D. Blackmore.
To stop over, to stop at a station beyond the time of the departure of
the train on which one came, with the purpose of continuing one's
journey on a subsequent train; to break one's journey. [Railroad Cant,
U.S.] <-- or on an airplane flight. See stopover --> <-- To stop off,
to make a brief visit -->
Stop
Stop, n.
1. The act of stopping, or the state of being stopped; hindrance of
progress or of action; cessation; repression; interruption; check;
obstruction.
It is doubtful . . . whether it contributed anything to the stop of
the infection. De Foe.
Occult qualities put a stop to the improvement of natural
philosophy. Sir I. Newton.
It is a great step toward the mastery of our desires to give this
stop to them. Locke.
2. That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; as obstacle; an
impediment; an obstruction.
A fatal stop traversed their headlong course. Daniel.
So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to oppose some
stop to the rising torrent. Rogers.
3. (Mach.) A device, or piece, as a pin, block, pawl, etc., for
arresting or limiting motion, or for determining the position to which
another part shall be brought.
4. (Mus.) (a) The closing of an aperture in the air passage, or
pressure of the finger upon the string, of an instrument of music, so
as to modify the tone; hence, any contrivance by which the sounds of a
musical instrument are regulated.
The organ sound a time survives the stop. Daniel.
(b) In the organ, one of the knobs or handles at each side of the
organist, by which he can draw on or shut off any register or row of
pipes; the register itself; as, the vox humana stop.
5. (Arch.) A member, plain or molded, formed of a separate piece and
fixed to a jamb, against which a door or window shuts. This takes the
place, or answers the purpose, of a rebate. Also, a pin or block to
prevent a drawer from sliding too far.
6. A point or mark in writing or printing intended to distinguish the
sentences, parts of a sentence, or clauses; a mark of punctuation. See
Punctuation.
7. (Opt.) The diaphragm used in optical instruments to cut off the
marginal portions of a beam of light passing through lenses.
8. (Zo\'94l.) The depression in the face of a dog between the skull
and the nasal bones. It is conspicuous in the bulldog, pug, and some
other breeds.
9. (Phonetics) Some part of the articulating organs, as the lips, or
the tongue and palate, closed (a) so as to cut off the passage of
breath or voice through the mouth and the nose (distinguished as a
lip-stop, or a front-stop, etc., as in p, t, d, etc.), or (b) so as to
obstruct, but not entirely cut off, the passage, as in l, n, etc.;
also, any of the consonants so formed. H. Sweet.
Stop bead (Arch.), the molding screwed to the inner side of a window
frame, on the face of the pulley stile, completing the groove in which
the inner sash is to slide. -- Stop motion (Mach.), an automatic
device for arresting the motion of a machine, as when a certain
operation is completed, or when an imperfection occurs in its
performance or product, or in the material which is supplied to it,
etc. -- Stop plank, one of a set of planks employed to form a sort of
dam in some hydraulic works. -- Stop valve, a valve that can be closed
or opened at will, as by hand, for preventing or regulating flow, as
of a liquid in a pipe; -- in distinction from a valve which is
operated by the action of the fluid it restrains. -- Stop watch, a
watch the hands of which can be stopped in order to tell exactly the
time that has passed, as in timing a race. See Independent seconds
watch, under Independent, a. Syn. -- Cessation; check; obstruction;
obstacle; hindrance; impediment; interruption.
Stopcock
Stop"cock` (?), n.
1. A bib, faucet, or short pipe, fitted with a turning stopper or plug
for permitting or restraining the flow of a liquid or gas; a cock or
valve for checking or regulating the flow of water, gas, etc., through
or from a pipe, etc.
2. The turning plug, stopper, or spigot of a faucet. [R.]
Stope
Stope (?), n. [Cf. Step, n. & v. i.] (Mining) A horizontal working
forming one of a series, the working faces of which present the
appearance of a flight of steps.
Stope
Stope, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stoped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stoping.]
(Mining) (a) To excavate in the form of stopes. (b) To fill in with
rubbish, as a space from which the ore has been worked out.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1420
Stope, Stopen
Stope (?), Sto"pen (?), p. p. of Step. Stepped; gone; advanced. [Obs.]
A poor widow, somedeal stope in age. Chaucer.
Stop-gap
Stop"-gap` (?), n. That which closes or fills up an opening or gap;
hence, a temporary expedient.
Moral prejudices are the stop-gaps of virtue. Hare.
Stoping
Stop"ing (?), n. (Mining) The act of excavating in the form of stopes.
Stopless
Stop"less (?), a. Not to be stopped. Davenant.
Stop-over
Stop"-o`ver (?), a. Permitting one to stop over; as, a stop-over check
or ticket. See To stop over, under Stop, v. i. [Railroad Cant, U.S.]
Stoppage
Stop"page (?), n. The act of stopping, or arresting progress, motion,
or action; also, the state of being stopped; as, the stoppage of the
circulation of the blood; the stoppage of commerce.
Stopped
Stopped (?), a. (Phonetics) Made by complete closure of the mouth
organs; shut; -- said of certain consonants (p, b, t, d, etc.). H.
Sweet. <-- glottal stop? -->
Stopper
Stop"per (?), n.
1. One who stops, closes, shuts, or hinders; that which stops or
obstructs; that which closes or fills a vent or hole in a vessel.
2. (Naut.) A short piece of rope having a knot at one or both ends,
with a lanyard under the knot, -- used to secure something. Totten.
3. (Bot.) A name to several trees of the genus Eugenia, found in
Florida and the West Indies; as, the red stopper. See Eugenia. C. S.
Sargent.
Ring stopper (Naut.), a short rope or chain passing through the anchor
ring, to secure the anchor to the cathead. -- Stopper bolt (Naut.), a
large ringbolt in a ship's deck, to which the deck stoppers are
hooked.
Stopper
Stop"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stoppered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stoppering.] To close or secure with a stopper.
Stopping
Stop"ping (?), n.
1. Material for filling a cavity.
2. (Mining) A partition or door to direct or prevent a current of air.
3. (Far.) A pad or poultice of dung or other material applied to a
horse's hoof to keep it moist. Youatt.
Stopping-out
Stop"ping-out` (?), n. A method adopted in etching, to keep the acid
from those parts which are already sufficiently corroded, by applying
varnish or other covering matter with a brush, but allowing the acid
to act on the other parts.
Stopple
Stop"ple (?), n. [Cf. G. st\'94pfel, st\'94psel. See Stop, n. & v. t.]
That which stops or closes the mouth of a vessel; a stopper; as, a
glass stopple; a cork stopple.
Stopple
Stop"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stoppled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stoppling.] To close the mouth of anything with a stopple, or as with
a stopple. Cowper.
Stopship
Stop"ship` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A remora. It was fabled to stop ships by
attaching itself to them. Sylvester.
Stor
Stor (?), a. See Stoor. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Storage
Stor"age (?), n.
1. The act of depositing in a store or warehouse for safe keeping;
also, the safe keeping of goods in a warehouse.
2. Space for the safe keeping of goods.
3. The price changed for keeping goods in a store.
Storage battery. (Physics) See the Note under Battery.
Storax
Sto"rax (?), n. [L. storax, styrax, Gr. Styrax.] Any one of a number
of similar complex resins obtained from the bark of several trees and
shrubs of the Styrax family. The most common of these is liquid
storax, a brown or gray semifluid substance of an agreeable aromatic
odor and balsamic taste, sometimes used in perfumery, and in medicine
as an expectorant.
NOTE: &hand; A yellow aromatic honeylike substance, resembling, and
often confounded with, storax, is obtained from the American sweet
gum tree (Liquidambar styraciflua), and is much used as a chewing
gum, called sweet gum, and liquid storax. Cf. Liquidambar.
Store
Store (?), n. [OE. stor, stoor, OF. estor, provisions, supplies, fr.
estorer to store. See Store, v. t.]
1. That which is accumulated, or massed together; a source from which
supplies may be drawn; hence, an abundance; a great quantity, or a
great number.
The ships are fraught with store of victuals. Bacon.
With store of ladies, whose bright eyes Rain influence, and give
the prize. Milton.
2. A place of deposit for goods, esp. for large quantities; a
storehouse; a warehouse; a magazine.
3. Any place where goods are sold, whether by wholesale or retail; a
shop. [U.S. & British Colonies]
4. pl. Articles, especially of food, accumulated for some specific
object; supplies, as of provisions, arms, ammunition, and the like;
as, the stores of an army, of a ship, of a family.
His swine, his horse, his stoor, and his poultry. Chaucer.
In store, in a state of accumulation; in keeping; hence, in a state of
readiness. "I have better news in store for thee." Shak. -- Store
clothes, clothing purchased at a shop or store; -- in distinction from
that which is home-made. [Colloq. U.S.] -- Store pay, payment for
goods or work in articles from a shop or store, instead of money.
[U.S.] -- To set store by, to value greatly; to have a high
appreciation of. -- To tell no store of, to make no account of; to
consider of no importance. Syn. -- Fund; supply; abundance; plenty;
accumulation; provision. -- Store, Shop. The English call the place
where goods are sold (however large or splendid it may be) a shop, and
confine the word store to its original meaning; viz., a warehouse, or
place where goods are stored. In America the word store is applied to
all places, except the smallest, where goods are sold. In some British
colonies the word store is used as in the United States. <-- also syn.
= stock -->
In his needy shop a tortoise hung, An alligator stuffed, and other
skins Of ill-shaped fishes; and about his shelves A beggarly
account of empty boxes. Shak.
Sulphurous and nitrous foam, . . . Concocted and adjusted, they
reduced To blackest grain, and into store conveyed. Milton.
Store
Store, a. Accumulated; hoarded. Bacon.
Store
Store (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Storing.]
[OE. storen, OF. estorer to construct, restore, store, LL. staurare,
for L. instaurare to renew, restore; in + staurare (in comp.) Cf.
Instore, Instaurate, Restore, Story a floor.]
1. To collect as a reserved supply; to accumulate; to lay away.
Dora stored what little she could save. Tennyson.
2. To furnish; to supply; to replenish; esp., to stock or furnish
against a future time.
Her mind with thousand virtues stored. Prior.
Wise Plato said the world with men was stored. Denham.
Having stored a pond of four acres with carps, tench, and other
fish. Sir M. Hale.
3. To deposit in a store, warehouse, or other building, for
preservation; to warehouse; as, to store goods.
Stored
Stored (?), a. Collected or accumulated as a reserve supply; as,
stored electricity.
It is charged with stored virtue. Bagehot.
Storehouse
Store"house` (?), n.
1. A building for keeping goods of any kind, especially provisions; a
magazine; a repository; a warehouse.
Joseph opened all the storehouses, and sold unto Egyptians. Gen.
xli. 56.
The Scripture of God is a storehouse abounding with estimable
treasures of wisdom and knowledge. Hooker.
2. A mass or quality laid up. [Obs.] Spenser.
Storekeeper
Store"keep`er (?), n.
1. A man in charge of stores or goods of any kind; as, a naval
storekeeper.
2. One who keeps a "store;" a shopkeeper. See 1st Store, 3. [U. S.]
Storer
Stor"er (?), n. One who lays up or forms a store.
Storeroom
Store"room` (?), n. Room in a storehouse or repository; a room in
which articles are stored.
Storeship
Store"ship` (?), n. A vessel used to carry naval stores for a fleet,
garrison, or the like.
Storey
Sto"rey (?), n. See Story.
Storge
Stor"ge (?), n. [NL., from Gr. Parental affection; the instinctive
affection which animals have for their young.
Storial
Sto"ri*al (?), a. Historical. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Storied
Sto"ried (?), a. [From Story.]
1. Told in a story.
2. Having a history; interesting from the stories which pertain to it;
venerable from the associations of the past.
Some greedy minion, or imperious wife, The trophied arches, storied
halls, invade. Pope.
Can storied urn, or animated bust, Back to its mansion call the
fleeting breath? Gray.
3. Having (such or so many) stories; -- chiefly in composition; as, a
two-storied house.
Storier
Sto"ri*er (?), n. A relater of stories; an historian. [Obs.] Bp.
Peacock.
Storify
Sto"ri*fy (?), v. t. [Story + -fy.] To form or tell stories of; to
narrate or describe in a story. [Obs.]
Stork
Stork (?), n. [AS. storc; akin to G. storch, OHG. storah, Icel.
storkr, Dan. & Sw. stork, and perhaps to Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of
several species of large wading birds of the family Ciconid\'91,
having long legs and a long, pointed bill. They are found both in the
Old World and in America, and belong to Ciconia and several allied
genera. The European white stork (Ciconia alba) is the best known. It
commonly makes its nests on the top of a building, a chimney, a church
spire, or a pillar. The black stork (C. nigra) is native of Asia,
Africa, and Europe. Black-necked stork, the East Indian jabiru. --
Hair-crested stork, the smaller adjutant of India (Leptoptilos
Javanica). -- Giant stork, the adjutant. -- Marabou stork. See
Marabou. -- Saddle-billed stork, the African jabiru. See Jabiru. --
Stork's bill (Bot.), any plant of the genus Pelargonium; -- so called
in allusion to the beaklike prolongation of the axis of the receptacle
of its flower. See Pelargonium.
Stork-billed
Stork"-billed` (?), a. Having a bill like that of the stork.
Storm
Storm (?), n. [AS. storm; akin to D. storm, G. sturm, Icel. stormr;
and perhaps to Gr. s to flow, to hasten, or perhaps to L. sternere to
strew, prostrate (cf. Stratum). \'fb166.]
1. A violent disturbance of the atmosphere, attended by wind, rain,
snow, hail, or thunder and lightning; hence, often, a heavy fall of
rain, snow, or hail, whether accompanied with wind or not.
We hear this fearful tempest sing, Yet seek no shelter to avoid the
storm. Shak.
2. A violent agitation of human society; a civil, political, or
domestic commotion; sedition, insurrection, or war; violent outbreak;
clamor; tumult.
I will stir up in England some black storm. Shak.
Her sister Began to scold and raise up such a storm. Shak.
3. A heavy shower or fall, any adverse outburst of tumultuous force;
violence.
A brave man struggling in the storms of fate. Pope.
4. (Mil.) A violent assault on a fortified place; a furious attempt of
troops to enter and take a fortified place by scaling the walls,
forcing the gates, or the like.
NOTE: &hand; Storm is often used in the formation of self-explained
compounds; as, storm-presaging, stormproof, storm-tossed, and the
like.
Magnetic storm. See under Magnetic. -- Storm-and-stress period [a
translation of G. sturm und drang periode], a designation given to the
literary agitation and revolutionary development in Germany under the
lead of Goethe and Schiller in the latter part of the 18th century. --
Storm center (Meteorol.), the center of the area covered by a storm,
especially by a storm of large extent. -- Storm door (Arch.), an extra
outside door to prevent the entrance of wind, cold, rain, etc.; --
usually removed in summer.<-- or replaced with a screen door; storm
and screen door. --> -- Storm path (Meteorol.), the course over which
a storm, or storm center, travels. -- Storm petrel. (Zo\'94l.) See
Stormy petrel, under Petrel. -- Storm sail (Naut.), any one of a
number of strong, heavy sails that are bent and set in stormy weather.
-- Storm scud. See the Note under Cloud. Syn. -- Tempest; violence;
agitation; calamity. -- Storm, Tempest. Storm is violent agitation, a
commotion of the elements by wind, etc., but not necessarily implying
the fall of anything from the clouds. Hence, to call a mere fall or
rain without wind a storm is a departure from the true sense of the
word. A tempest is a sudden and violent storm, such as those common on
the coast of Italy, where the term originated, and is usually attended
by a heavy rain, with lightning and thunder.
Storms beat, and rolls the main; O! beat those storms, and roll the
seas, in vain. Pope.
What at first was called a gust, the same Hath now a storm's, anon
a tempest's name. Donne.
Storm
Storm (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stormed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Storming.]
(Mil.) To assault; to attack, and attempt to take, by scaling walls,
forcing gates, breaches, or the like; as, to storm a fortified town.
Storm
Storm, v. i. [Cf. AS. styrman.]
1. To raise a tempest. Spenser.
2. To blow with violence; also, to rain, hail, snow, or the like,
usually in a violent manner, or with high wind; -- used impersonally;
as, it storms.
3. To rage; to be in a violent passion; to fume.
The master storms, the lady scolds. Swift.
Storm-beat
Storm"-beat` (?), a. Beaten, injured, or impaired by storms. Spenser.
Stormcock
Storm"cock` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The missel thrush. (b) The
fieldfare. (c) The green woodpecker.
Stormfinch
Storm"finch` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The storm petrel.
Stormful
Storm"ful (?), a. Abounding with storms. "The stormful east." Carlyle.
-- Storm"ful*ness, n.
Stormglass
Storm"glass` (?), n. A glass vessel, usually cylindrical, filled with
a solution which is sensitive to atmospheric changes, indicating by a
clouded appearance, rain, snow, etc., and by clearness, fair weather.
Stormily
Storm"i*ly (?), adv. In a stormy manner.
Storminess
Storm"i*ness, n. The state of being stormy; tempestuousness;
biosteruousness; impetuousness.
Storming
Storm"ing, a. & n. from Storm, v. Storming party (Mil.), a party
assigned to the duty of making the first assault in storming a
fortress.
Stormless
Storm"less, a. Without storms. Tennyson.
Stormwind
Storm"wind` (?), n. A heavy wind; a wind that brings a storm; the
blast of a storm. Longfellow.
Stormy
Storm"y (?), a. [Compar. Stormier (?); superl. Stormiest.]
1. Characterized by, or proceeding from, a storm; subject to storms;
agitated with furious winds; biosterous; tempestous; as, a stormy
season; a stormy day or week. "Beyond the stormy Hebrides." Milton.
2. Proceeding from violent agitation or fury; as, a stormy sound;
stormy shocks.
3. Violent; passionate; rough; as, stormy passions.
Stormy chiefs of a desert but extensive domain. Sir W. Scott.
Storthing
Stor"thing (?), n. [Norw. storting; stor great + ting court, court of
justice; cf. Dan. ting, thing.] The Parliament of Norway, chosen by
indirect election once in three years, but holding annual sessions.
Storven
Stor"ven (?), obs. p. p. of Starve. Chaucer.
Story
Sto"ry (?), n.; pl. Stories (#). [OF. estor\'82, estor\'82e, built,
erected, p.p. of estorer to build, restore, to store. See Store, v.
t.] A set of rooms on the same floor or level; a floor, or the space
between two floors. Also, a horizontal division of a building's
exterior considered architecturally, which need not correspond exactly
with the stories within. [Written also storey.]
NOTE: &hand; A st ory co mprehends th e distance from one floor to
another; as, a story of nine or ten feet elevation. The spaces
between floors are numbered in order, from below upward; as, the
lower, second, or third story; a house of one story, of two
stories, of five stories.
Story post (Arch.), a vertical post used to support a floor or
superincumbent wall.
Story
Sto"ry, n. [OE. storie, OF. estoire, F. histoire, fr. L. historia. See
History.]
1. A narration or recital of that which has occurred; a description of
past events; a history; a statement; a record.
One malcontent who did indeed get a name in story. Barrow.
Venice, with its unique city and its Impressive story. Ed. Rev.
The four great monarchies make the subject of ancient story. Sir W.
Temple.
2. The relation of an incident or minor event; a short narrative; a
tale; especially, a fictitious narrative less elaborate than a novel;
a short romance. Addison.
3. A euphemism or child's word for "a lie;" a fib; as, to tell a
story. [Colloq.]
Story
Sto"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Storied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Storying.] To
tell in historical relation; to make the subject of a story; to
narrate or describe in story.
How worthy he is I will leave to appear hereafter, rather than
story him in his own hearing. Shak.
It is storied of the brazen colossus in Rhodes, that it was seventy
cubits high. Bp. Wilkins.
Storybook
Sto"ry*book` (?), n. A book containing stories, or short narratives,
either true or false.
Story-teller
Sto"ry-tell`er (?), n.
1. One who tells stories; a narrator of anecdotes,incidents, or
fictitious tales; as, an amusing story-teller.
2. An historian; -- in contempt. Swift.
3. A euphemism or child's word for "a liar."
Story-telling
Sto"ry-tell`ing, a. Being accustomed to tell stories. -- n. The act or
practice of telling stories.
Story-writer
Sto"ry-writ`er (?), n.
1. One who writes short stories, as for magazines.
2. An historian; a chronicler. [Obs.] "Rathums, the story-writer." 1
Esdr. ii. 17.
Stot
Stot (?), n. [AS. stotte a hack, jade, or worthless horse; cf. Sw.
stut a bull, Dan. stud an ox. Cf. Stoat.]
1. A horse. [Obs.] Chaucer. Thorold Rogers.
2. A young bull or ox, especially one three years old. [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]
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Stote
Stote (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Stoat.
Stound
Stound (?), v. i. [Cf. Astound, Stun.] To be in pain or sorrow. [Obs.
or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Stound
Stound (?), a. [See Stound, v. i.] Stunned. [Obs.]
Stound
Stound, n.
1. A sudden, severe pain or grief; peril; alarm. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Astonishment; amazement. [Obs.] Spenser. Gay.
Stound
Stound, n. [AS. stund; akin to D. stond, G. stunde, Icel. stund.]
1. Hour; time; season. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. A brief space of time; a moment. [Obs.] Chaucer.
In a stound, suddenly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stound
Stound, n. [Cf. Stand.] A vessel for holding small beer. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Stoup
Stoup (?), n. [See Stoop a vessel.]
1. A flagon; a vessel or measure for liquids. [Scot.]
2. (Eccl.) A basin at the entrance of Roman Catholic churches for
containing the holy water with which those who enter, dipping their
fingers in it, cross themselves; -- called also holy-water stoup.
Stour
Stour (?), n. [OF. estour, estor, tumult, combat, of Teutonic origin.
See Storm.] A battle or tumult; encounter; combat; disturbance;
passion. [Obs.] Fairfax. "That woeful stowre." Spenser.
She that helmed was in starke stours [fierce conflicts]. Chaucer.
Stour
Stour, a. [See Stoor, a.] Tall; strong; stern. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &
Scot.]
Stout
Stout (?), a. [Compar. Stouter (?); superl. Stoutest.] [D. stout bold
(or OF. estout bold, proud, of Teutonic origin); akin to AS. stolt, G.
stolz, and perh. to E. stilt.]
1. Strong; lusty; vigorous; robust; sinewy; muscular; hence, firm;
resolute; dauntless.
With hearts stern and stout. Chaucer.
A stouter champion never handled sword. Shak.
He lost the character of a bold, stout, magnanimous man. Clarendon.
The lords all stand To clear their cause, most resolutely stout.
Daniel.
2. Proud; haughty; arrogant; hard. [Archaic]
Your words have been stout against me. Mal. iii. 13.
Commonly . . . they that be rich are lofty and stout. Latimer.
3. Firm; tough; materially strong; enduring; as, a stout vessel,
stick, string, or cloth.
4. Large; bulky; corpulent. Syn. -- Stout, Corpulent, Portly.
Corpulent has reference simply to a superabundance or excess of flesh.
Portly implies a kind of stoutness or corpulence which gives a
dignified or imposing appearance. Stout, in our early writers (as in
the English Bible), was used chiefly or wholly in the sense of strong
or bold; as, a stout champion; a stout heart; a stout resistance, etc.
At a later period it was used for thickset or bulky, and more
recently, especially in England, the idea has been carried still
further, so that Taylor says in his Synonyms: "The stout man has the
proportions of an ox; he is corpulent, fat, and fleshy in relation to
his size." In America, stout is still commonly used in the original
sense of strong as, a stout boy; a stout pole.
Stout
Stout, n. A strong malt liquor; strong porter. <-- Famous Guiness'
stout. --> Swift.
Stout-hearted
Stout"-heart"ed (?), a. Having a brave heart; courageous. --
Stout"-heart"ed*ness, n.
Stoutish
Stout"ish, a. Somewhat stout; somewhat corpulent.
Stoutly
Stout"ly, adv. In a stout manner; lustily; boldly; obstinately; as, he
stoutly defended himself.
Stoutness
Stout"ness, n. The state or quality of being stout. Syn. -- Strength;
bulk; courage; force; valor; lustiness; brawniness; boldness;
fortitude; stubbornness.
Stove
Stove (?), imp. of Stave.
Stove
Stove, n. [D. stoof a foot stove, originally, a heated room, a room
for a bath; akin to G. stube room, OHG. stuba a heated room, AS.
stofe, Icel. stofa a room, bathing room, Sw. stufva, stuga, a room,
Dan. stue; of unknown origin. Cf. Estufa, Stew, Stufa.]
1. A house or room artificially warmed or heated; a forcing house, or
hothouse; a drying room; -- formerly, designating an artificially
warmed dwelling or room, a parlor, or a bathroom, but now restricted,
in this sense, to heated houses or rooms used for horticultural
purposes or in the processes of the arts.
When most of the waiters were commanded away to their supper, the
parlor or stove being nearly emptied, in came a company of
musketeers. Earl of Strafford.
How tedious is it to them that live in stoves and caves half a year
together, as in Iceland, Muscovy, or under the pole! Burton.
2. An apparatus, consisting essentially of a receptacle for fuel, made
of iron, brick, stone, or tiles, and variously constructed, in which
fire is made or kept for warming a room or a house, or for culinary or
other purposes.
Cooking stove, a stove with an oven, opening for pots, kettles, and
the like, -- used for cooking. -- Dry stove. See under Dry. -- Foot
stove. See under Foot. -- Franklin stove. See in the Vocabulary. --
Stove plant (Bot.), a plant which requires artificial heat to make it
grow in cold or cold temperate climates. -- Stove plate, thin iron
castings for the parts of stoves.
Stove
Stove, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stoved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stoving.]
1. To keep warm, in a house or room, by artificial heat; as, to stove
orange trees. Bacon.
2. To heat or dry, as in a stove; as, to stove feathers.
Stovehouse
Stove"house` (?), n. A hothouse.
Stovepipe
Stove"pipe` (?), n. Pipe made of sheet iron in length and angular or
curved pieces fitting together, -- used to connect a portable stove
with a chimney flue. Stovepipe hat, the common tall silk hat. [Slang,
U.S.]<-- common in the late 1800's -->
Stover
Sto"ver (?), n. [OE. estoveir, estovoir, necessity, provisions,
properly an inf., "to be necessary." Cf. Estovers.] Fodder for cattle,
especially straw or coarse hay.
Where live nibbling sheep, And flat meads thatched with stover them
to keep. Shak.
Thresh barley as yet but as need shall require, Fresh threshed for
stover thy cattle desire. Tusser.
Stow
Stow (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stowing.]
[OE. stowen, fr. stowe a place, AS. stow; cf. Icel. eldst\'d3a
fireplace, hearth, OFries. st\'d3, and E. stand. \'fb163.]
1. To place or arrange in a compact mass; to put in its proper place,
or in a suitable place; to pack; as, to stowbags, bales, or casks in a
ship's hold; to stow hay in a mow; to stow sheaves.
Some stow their oars, or stop the leaky sides. Dryden.
2. To put away in some place; to hide; to lodge.
Foul thief! where hast thou stowed my daughter? Shak.
3. To arrange anything compactly in; to fill, by packing closely; as,
to stow a box, car, or the hold of a ship.
Stowage
Stow"age (?), n.
1. The act or method of stowing; as, the stowage of provisions in a
vessel.
2. Room in which things may be stowed. Cook.
In every vessel is stowage for immense treasures. Addison.
3. The state of being stowed, or put away. "To have them in safe
stowage." Shak.
4. Things stowed or packed. Beau. & Fl.
5. Money paid for stowing goods.
Stowaway
Stow"a*way` (?), n. One who conceals himself board of a vessel about
to leave port, or on a railway train, in order to obtain a free
passage.
Stowboard
Stow"board (?), n. A place into which rubbish is put. [Written also
stowbord.]
Stowce
Stowce (?), n. (Mining) (a) A windlass. (b) A wooden landmark, to
indicate possession of mining land.
Stowing
Stow"ing (?), n. (Mining) A method of working in which the waste is
packed into the space formed by excavating the vein.
Stowre
Stowre (?), a. See Stour, a. [Obs.]
Stowre
Stowre, n. See Stour, n. [Obs.] Spenser.
Strabism
Stra"bism (?), n. (Med.) Strabismus.
Strabismometer
Stra`bis*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Strabismus + -meter.] (Med.) An instrument
for measuring the amount of strabismus.
Strabismus
Stra*bis"mus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) An affection of one or both
eyes, in which the optic axes can not be directed to the same object,
-- a defect due either to undue contraction or to undue relaxation of
one or more of the muscles which move the eyeball; squinting;
cross-eye.
Strabotomy
Stra*bot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) The operation for the removal of
squinting by the division of such muscles as distort the eyeball.
Straddle
Strad"dle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Straddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Straddling (?).] [Freq. from the root of stride.]
1. To part the legs wide; to stand or to walk with the legs far apart.
2. To stand with the ends staggered; -- said of the spokes of a wagon
wheel where they join the hub.
Straddle
Strad"dle, v. t. To place one leg on one side and the other on the
other side of; to stand or sit astride of; as, to straddle a fence or
a horse.
Straddle
Strad"dle, n.
1. The act of standing, sitting, or walking, with the feet far apart.
2. The position, or the distance between the feet, of one who
straddles; as, a wide straddle.
3. A stock option giving the holder the double privilege of a "put"
and a "call," i. e., securing to the buyer of the option the right
either to demand of the seller at a certain price, within a certain
time, certain securities, or to require him to take at the same price,
and within the same time, the same securities. [Broker's Cant]
Straddling
Strad"dling (?), a. Applied to spokes when they are arranged
alternately in two circles in the hub. See Straddle, v. i., and
Straddle, v. t., 3. Knight.
Stradometrical
Strad`o*met"ric*al (?), a. [It. strada street or road + E. metrical.]
Of, or relating to, the measuring of streets or roads. [R.]
Straggle
Strag"gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Straggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Straggling (?).] [Freq. of OE. straken to roam, to stroke. See Stroke,
v. t.]
1. To wander from the direct course or way; to rove; to stray; to
wander from the line of march or desert the line of battle; as, when
troops are on the march, the men should not straggle. Dryden.
2. To wander at large; to roam idly about; to ramble.
The wolf spied out a straggling kid. L'Estrange.
3. To escape or stretch beyond proper limits, as the branches of a
plant; to spread widely apart; to shoot too far or widely in growth.
Trim off the small, superfluous branches on each side of the hedge
that straggle too far out. Mortimer.
4. To be dispersed or separated; to occur at intervals. "Straggling
pistol shots." Sir W. Scott.
They came between Scylla and Charybdis and the straggling rocks.
Sir W. Raleigh.
Straggle
Strag"gle, n. The act of straggling. [R.] Carlyle.
Straggler
Strag"gler (?), n.
1. One who straggles, or departs from the direct or proper course, or
from the company to which he belongs; one who falls behind the rest;
one who rambles without any settled direction.
2. A roving vagabond. Shak.
3. Something that shoots, or spreads out, beyond the rest, or too far;
an exuberant growth.
Let thy hand supply the pruning knife, And crop luxuriant
stragglers. Dryden.
4. Something that stands alone or by itself.
Straggling
Strag"gling (?), a. & n. from Straggle, v.
Stragglingly
Strag"gling*ly, adv. In a straggling manner.
Stragulum
Strag"u*lum (?), n.; pl. Stragula (#). [L., a spread or covering, from
sternere to spread out.] (Zo\'94l.) The mantle, or pallium, of a bird.
Straight
Straight (?), a. A variant of Strait, a. [Obs. or R.]
Egypt is a long country, but it is straight, that is to say,
narrow. Sir J. Mandeville.
Straight
Straight, a. [Compar. Straighter (?); superl. Straightest.] [OE.
strei, properly p.p. of strecchen to stretch, AS. streht, p.p. of
streccan to stretch, to extend. See Stretch.]
1. Right, in a mathematical sense; passing from one point to another
by the nearest course; direct; not deviating or crooked; as, a
straight line or course; a straight piece of timber.
And the crooked shall be made straight. Isa. xl. 4.
There are many several sorts of crooked lines, but there is only
one which is straight. Dryden.
2. (Bot.) Approximately straight; not much curved; as, straight ribs
are such as pass from the base of a leaf to the apex, with a small
curve.
3. (Card Playing) Composed of cards which constitute a regular
sequence, as the ace, king, queen, jack, and ten-spot; as, a straight
hand; a straight flush. <-- previously called also sequence, which
see. -->
4. Conforming to justice and rectitude; not deviating from truth or
fairness; upright; as, straight dealing.
5. Unmixed; undiluted; as, to take liquor straight. [Slang]
6. Making no exceptions or deviations in one's support of the
organization and candidates of a political party; as, a straight
Republican; a straight Democrat; also, containing the names of all the
regularly nominated candidates of a party and no others; as, a
straight ballot. [Political Cant, U.S.]
Straight arch (Arch.), a form of arch in which the intrados is
straight, but with its joints drawn radially, as in a common arch. --
A straight face, one giving no evidence of merriment or other emotion.
-- A straight line. "That which lies evenly between its extreme
points." Euclid. "The shortest line between two points." Chauvenet. "A
line which has the same direction through its whole length." Newcomb.
-- Straight-way valve, a valve which, when opened widely, affords a
straight passageway, as for water. <-- the straight and narrow, proper
ethical conduct; -- used esp. in the phrase walk the straight and
narrow. -->
Straight
Straight (?), adv. In a straight manner; directly; rightly; forthwith;
immediately; as, the arrow went straight to the mark. "Floating
straight." Shak.
I know thy generous temper well; Fling but the appearance of
dishonor on it, It straight takes fire, and mounts into a blaze.
Addison.
Everything was going on straight. W. Black.
Straight
Straight, n. (Poker) A hand of five cards in consecutive order as to
value; a sequence. When they are of one suit, it is calles straight
flush.
Straight
Straight, v. t. To straighten. [R.] A Smith.
Straightedge
Straight"edge` (?), n. A board, or piece of wood or metal, having one
edge perfectly straight, -- used to ascertain whether a line is
straight or a surface even, and for drawing straight lines.
Straighten
Straight"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Straighted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Straighting.]
1. To make straight; to reduce from a crooked to a straight form.
2. To make right or correct; to reduce to order; as, to straighten
one's affairs; to straighten an account.
To straighten one's face, to cease laughing or smiling, etc., and
compose one's features.
Straighten
Straight"en, v. t. A variant of Straiten. [Obs. or R.]
Straightener
Straight"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, straightens.
Straightforth
Straight"forth` (?), adv. Straightway. [Obs.]
Straightforward
Straight`for"ward (?), a. Proceeding in a straight course or manner;
not deviating; honest; frank. -- adv. In a straightforward manner. --
Straight`for"ward*ly, adv. -- Straight`for"ward*ness, n.
Straighthorn
Straight"horn` (?), n. (Paleon.) An orthoceras.
Straight-joint
Straight"-joint` (?), a. (Arch.) Having straight joints. Specifically:
(a) Applied to a floor the boards of which are so laid that the joints
form a continued line transverse to the length of the boards
themselves. Brandle & C. (b) In the United States, applied to planking
or flooring put together without the tongue and groove, the pieces
being laid edge to edge.
Straight-lined
Straight"-lined` (?), a. Having straight lines.
Straightly
Straight"ly, adv. In a right line; not crookedly.
Straightly
Straight"ly, adv. A variant of Straitly. See 1st Straight.
Straightness
Straight"ness, n. The quality, condition, or state, of being straight;
as, the straightness of a path.
Straightness
Straight"ness, n. A variant of Straitness.
Straight-out
Straight"-out` (?), a. Acting without concealment, obliquity, or
compromise; hence, unqualified; thoroughgoing. [Colloq. U.S.]
Straight-out and generous indignation. Mrs. Stowe.
Straight-pight
Straight"-pight` (?), a. Straight in form or upright in position;
erect. [Obs.] Shak.
Straight-spoken
Straight"-spo`ken (?), a. Speaking with directness; plain-spoken.
[Colloq. U.S.] Lowell.
Straightway
Straight"way` (?), adv. Immediately; without loss of time; without
delay.
He took the damsel by the hand, and said unto her, Talitha cumi. .
. . And straightway the damsel arose. Mark v. 41,42.
Straightways
Straight"ways` (?), adv. Straightway. [Obs.]
Straik
Straik (?), n. A strake.
Strain
Strain (?), n. [See Strene.]
1. Race; stock; generation; descent; family.
He is of a noble strain. Shak.
With animals and plants a cross between different varieties, or
between individuals of the same variety but of another strain,
gives vigor and fertility to the offspring. Darwin.
2. Hereditary character, quality, or disposition.
Intemperance and lust breed diseases, which, propogated, spoil the
strain of nation. Tillotson.
3. Rank; a sort. "The common strain." Dryden.
Strain
Strain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Straining.]
[OF. estraindre, estreindre, F. \'82treindre, L. stringere to draw or
bind tight; probably akin to Gr. strike. Cf. Strangle, Strike,
Constrain, District, Strait, a. Stress, Strict, Stringent.]
1. To draw with force; to extend with great effort; to stretch; as, to
strain a rope; to strain the shrouds of a ship; to strain the cords of
a musical instrument. "To strain his fetters with a stricter care."
Dryden.
2. (Mech.) To act upon, in any way, so as to cause change of form or
volume, as forces on a beam to bend it.
3. To exert to the utmost; to ply vigorously.
He sweats, Strains his young nerves. Shak.
They strain their warbling throats To welcome in the spring.
Dryden.
4. To stretch beyond its proper limit; to do violence to, in the
matter of intent or meaning; as, to strain the law in order to convict
an accused person.
There can be no other meaning in this expression, however some may
pretend to strain it. Swift.
5. To injure by drawing, stretching, or the exertion of force; as, the
gale strained the timbers of the ship.
6. To injure in the muscles or joints by causing to make too strong an
effort; to harm by overexertion; to sprain; as, to strain a horse by
overloading; to strain the wrist; to strain a muscle.
Prudes decayed about may track, Strain their necks with looking
back. Swift.
7. To squeeze; to press closely.
Evander with a close embrace Strained his departing friend. Dryden.
8. To make uneasy or unnatural; to produce with apparent effort; to
force; to constrain.
He talks and plays with Fatima, but his mirth Is forced and
strained. Denham.
The quality of mercy is not strained. Shak.
9. To urge with importunity; to press; as, to strain a petition or
invitation.
Note, if your lady strain his entertainment. Shak.
10. To press, or cause to pass, through a strainer, as through a
screen, a cloth, or some porous substance; to purify, or separate from
extraneous or solid matter, by filtration; to filter; as, to strain
milk through cloth.
To strain a point, to make a special effort; especially, to do a
degree of violence to some principle or to one's own feelings. -- To
strain courtesy, to go beyond what courtesy requires; to insist
somewhat too much upon the precedence of others; -- often used
ironically. Shak.
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Page 1422
Strain
Strain (?), v. i.
1. To make violent efforts. "Straining with too weak a wing." Pope.
To build his fortune I will strain a little. Shak.
2. To percolate; to be filtered; as, water straining through a sandy
soil.
Strain
Strain, n.
1. The act of straining, or the state of being strained. Specifically:
-- (a) A violent effort; an excessive and hurtful exertion or tension,
as of the muscles; as, he lifted the weight with a strain the strain
upon a ship's rigging in a gale; also, the hurt or injury resulting; a
sprain.
Whether any poet of our country since Shakespeare has exerted a
greater variety of powers with less strain and less ostentation.
Landor.
Credit is gained by custom, and seldom recovers a strain. Sir W.
Temple.
(b) (Mech. Physics) A change of form or dimensions of a solid or
liquid mass, produced by a stress. Rankine.
2. (Mus.) A portion of music divided off by a double bar; a complete
musical period or sentence; a movement, or any rounded subdivision of
a movement.
Their heavenly harps a lower strain began. Dryden.
3. Any sustained note or movement; a song; a distinct portion of an
ode or other poem; also, the pervading note, or burden, of a song,
poem, oration, book, etc.; theme; motive; manner; style; also, a
course of action or conduct; as, he spoke in a noble strain; there was
a strain of woe in his story; a strain of trickery appears in his
career. "A strain of gallantry." Sir W. Scott.
Such take too high a strain at first. Bacon.
The genius and strain of the book of Proverbs. Tillotson.
It [Pilgrim's Progress] seems a novelty, and yet contains Nothing
but sound and honest gospel strains. Bunyan.
4. Turn; tendency; inborn disposition. Cf. 1st Strain.
Because heretics have a strain of madness, he applied her with some
corporal chastisements. Hayward.
Strainable
Strain"a*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of being strained.
2. Violent in action. Holinshed.
Strainably
Strain"a*bly, adv. Violently. Holinshed.
Strained
Strained (?), a.
1. Subjected to great or excessive tension; wrenched; weakened; as,
strained relations between old friends.
2. Done or produced with straining or excessive effort; as, his wit
was strained.
Strainer
Strain"er (?), n.
1. One who strains.
2. That through which any liquid is passed for purification or to
separate it from solid matter; anything, as a screen or a cloth, used
to strain a liquid; a device of the character of a sieve or of a
filter; specifically, an openwork or perforated screen, as for the end
of the suctionpipe of a pump, to prevent large solid bodies from
entering with a liquid.
Straining
Strain"ing, a. & n. from Strain. Straining piece (Arch.), a short
piece of timber in a truss, used to maintain the ends of struts or
rafters, and keep them from slipping. See Illust. of Queen-post.
Straint
Straint (?), n. [OF. estrainte, estreinte, F. \'82trainte. See 2nd
Strain.] Overexertion; excessive tension; strain. [Obs.] Spenser.
Strait
Strait (?), a. A variant of Straight. [Obs.]
Strait
Strait (?), a. [Compar. Straiter (?); superl. Straitest.] [OE.
straight, streyt, streit, OF. estreit, estroit, F. \'82troit, from L.
strictus drawn together, close, tight, p.p. of stringere to draw
tight. See 2nd Strait, and cf. Strict.]
1. Narrow; not broad.
Strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, which leadeth unto life,
and few there be that find it. Matt. vii. 14.
Too strait and low our cottage doors. Emerson.
2. Tight; close; closely fitting. Shak.
3. Close; intimate; near; familiar. [Obs.] "A strait degree of favor."
Sir P. Sidney.
4. Strict; scrupulous; rigorous.
Some certain edicts and some strait decrees. Shak.
The straitest sect of our religion. Acts xxvi. 5 (Rev. Ver.).
5. Difficult; distressful; straited.
To make your strait circumstances yet straiter. Secker.
6. Parsimonious; niggargly; mean. [Obs.]
I beg cold comfort, and you are so strait, And so ingrateful, you
deny me that. Shak.
Strait
Strait (?), adv. Strictly; rigorously. [Obs.] Shak.
Strait
Strait, n.; pl. Straits (#). [OE. straight, streit, OF. estreit,
estroit. See Strait, a.]
1. A narrow pass or passage.
He brought him through a darksome narrow strait To a broad gate all
built of beaten gold. Spenser.
Honor travels in a strait so narrow Where one but goes abreast.
Shak.
2. Specifically: (Geog.) A (comparatively) narrow passageway
connecting two large bodies of water; -- often in the plural; as, the
strait, or straits, of Gibraltar; the straits of Magellan; the strait,
or straits, of Mackinaw.
We steered directly through a large outlet which they call a
strait, though it be fifteen miles broad. De Foe.
3. A neck of land; an isthmus. [R.]
A dark strait of barren land. Tennyson.
4. Fig.: A condition of narrowness or restriction; doubt; distress;
difficulty; poverty; perplexity; -- sometimes in the plural; as,
reduced to great straits.
For I am in a strait betwixt two. Phil. i. 23.
Let no man, who owns a Providence, grow desperate under any
calamity or strait whatsoever. South.
Ulysses made use of the pretense of natural infirmity to conceal
the straits he was in at that time in his thoughts. Broome.
Strait
Strait, v. t. To put to difficulties. [Obs.] Shak.
Straiten
Strait"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Straitened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Straitening.]
1. To make strait; to make narrow; hence, to contract; to confine.
Waters, when straitened, as at the falls of bridges, give a roaring
noise. Bacon.
In narrow circuit, straitened by a foe. Milton.
2. To make tense, or tight; to tighten.
They straiten at each end the cord. Pope.
3. To restrict; to distress or embarrass in respect of means or
conditions of life; -- used chiefly in the past participle; -- as, a
man straitened in his circumstances.
Strait-handed
Strait"-hand`ed (?), a. Parsimonious; sparing; niggardly. [R.] --
Strait"-hand`ed*ness, n. [R.]
Strait-jacket
Strait"-jack`et (?), n. A dress of strong materials for restraining
maniacs or those who are violently delirious. It has long sleeves,
which are closed at the ends, confining the hands, and may be tied
behind the back.
Strait-laced
Strait"-laced` (?), a.
1. Bound with stays.
Let nature have scope to fashion the body as she thinks best; we
have few well-shaped that are strait-laced. Locke.
2. Restricted; stiff; constrained. [R.] Fuller.
3. Rigid in opinion; strict in manners or morals.
Straitly
Strait"ly, adv.
1. In a strait manner; narrowly; strictly; rigorously. Mark i. 43.
2. Closely; intimately. [Obs.]
Straitness
Strait"ness, n. The quality or condition of being strait; especially,
a pinched condition or situation caused by poverty; as, the
straitnessof their circumstances.
Strait-waistcoat
Strait"-waist`coat (?), n. Same as Strait-jacket.
Strake
Strake (?), obs. imp. of Strike. Spenser.
Strake
Strake, n. [See Streak.]
1. A streak. [Obs.] Spenser."White strake." Gen. xxx. 37.
2. An iron band by which the fellies of a wheel are secured to each
other, being not continuous, as the tire is, but made up of separate
pieces.
3. (Shipbuilding) One breadth of planks or plates forming a continuous
range on the bottom or sides of a vessel, reaching from the stem to
the stern; a streak.
NOTE: &hand; Th e pl anks or pl ates ne xt the keel are called the
garboard strakes; the next, or the heavy strakes at the bilge, are
the bilge strakes; the next, from the water line to the lower port
sill, the wales; and the upper parts of the sides, the sheer
strakes.
4. (Mining) A trough for washing broken ore, gravel, or sand; a
launder.
Strale
Strale (?), n. Pupil of the eye. [Prov. Eng.]
Stram
Stram (?), v. t. [Cf. LG. strammen to strain, straiten, stretch, D.
stram strained, tight, G. stramm.] To spring or recoil with violence.
[Prov. Eng.]
Stram
Stram, v. t. To dash down; to beat. [Prov. Eng.]
Stramash
Stram"ash (?), v. t. [Cf. Stramazoun.] To strike, beat, or bang; to
break; to destroy. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Stramash
Stram"ash, n. A turmoil; a broil; a fray; a fight. [Scot. & Prov.
Eng.] Barham.
Stramazoun
Stram"a*zoun (?), n. [F. estrama\'87on, It. stramazzone.] A direct
descending blow with the edge of a sword. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Stramineous
Stra*min"e*ous (?), a. [L. stramineus, fr. stramen straw, fr.
sternere, stratum, to spread out, to strew.]
1. Strawy; consisting of straw. Robinson.
2. Chaffy; like straw; straw-colored. Burton.
Stramonium
Stra*mo"ni*um (?), n. [NL.; Cf. F. stramoine.] (Bot.) A poisonous
plant (Datura Stramonium); stinkweed. See Datura, and Jamestown weed.
Stramony
Stram"o*ny (?), n. (Bot.) Stramonium.
Strand
Strand (?), n. [Probably fr. D. streen a skein; akin to G. str\'84hne
a skein, lock of hair, strand of a rope.] One of the twists, or
strings, as of fibers, wires, etc., of which a rope is composed.
Strand
Strand, v. t. To break a strand of (a rope).
Strand
Strand, n. [AS. strand; akin to D., G., Sw., & Dan. strand, Icel.
str\'94nd.] The shore, especially the beach of a sea, ocean, or large
lake; rarely, the margin of a navigable river. Chaucer. Strand birds.
(Zo\'94l.) See Shore birds, under Shore. -- Strand plover (Zo\'94l.),
a black-bellied plover. See Illust. of Plover. -- Strand wolf
(Zo\'94l.), the brown hyena.
Strand
Strand, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stranded; p. pr. & vb. n. Stranding.] To
drive on a strand; hence, to run aground; as, to strand a ship.
Strand
Strand (?), v. i. To drift, or be driven, on shore to run aground; as,
the ship stranded at high water.
Strang
Strang (?), a. [See Strong.] Strong. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Halliwell.
Strange
Strange (?), a. [Compar. Stranger (?); superl. Strangest (?).] [OE.
estrange, F. \'82trange, fr. L. extraneus that is without, external,
foreign, fr. extra on the outside. See Extra, and cf. Estrange,
Extraneous.]
1. Belonging to another country; foreign. "To seek strange strands."
Chaucer.
One of the strange queen's lords. Shak.
I do not contemn the knowledge of strange and divers tongues.
Ascham.
2. Of or pertaining to others; not one's own; not pertaining to one's
self; not domestic.
So she, impatient her own faults to see, Turns from herself, and in
strange things delights. Sir J. Davies.
3. Not before known, heard, or seen; new.
Here is the hand and seal of the duke; you know the character, I
doubt not; and the signet is not strange to you. Shak.
4. Not according to the common way; novel; odd; unusual; irregular;
extraordinary; unnatural; queer. "He is sick of a strange fever."
Shak.
Sated at length, erelong I might perceive Strange alteration in me.
Milton.
5. Reserved; distant in deportment. Shak.
She may be strange and shy at first, but will soon learn to love
thee. Hawthorne.
6. Backward; slow. [Obs.]
Who, loving the effect, would not be strange In favoring the cause.
Beau. & Fl.
7. Not familiar; unaccustomed; inexperienced.
In thy fortunes am unlearned and strange. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Strange is often used as an exclamation.
Strange! what extremes should thus preserve the snow High on the
Alps, or in deep caves below. Waller.
Strange sail (Naut.), an unknown vessel. -- Strange woman (Script.), a
harlot. Prov. v. 3. -- To make it strange. (a) To assume ignorance,
suspicion, or alarm, concerning it. Shak. (b) To make it a matter of
difficulty. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To make strange, To make one's self
strange. (a) To profess ignorance or astonishment. (b) To assume the
character of a stranger. Gen. xlii. 7. Syn. -- Foreign; new;
outlandish; wonderful; astonishing; marvelous; unusual; odd; uncommon;
irregular; queer; eccentric.
Strange
Strange, adv. Strangely. [Obs.]
Most strange, but yet most truly, will I speak. Shak.
Strange
Strange, v. t. To alienate; to estrange. [Obs.]
Strange
Strange, v. i.
1. To be estranged or alienated. [Obs.]
2. To wonder; to be astonished. [Obs.] Glanvill.
Strangely
Strange"ly, adv.
1. As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to
something foreign and strange. [Obs.] Shak.
2. In the manner of one who does not know another; distantly;
reservedly; coldly.
You all look strangely on me. Shak.
I do in justice charge thee . . . That thou commend it strangely to
some place Where chance may nurse or end it. Shak.
3. In a strange manner; in a manner or degree to excite surprise or
wonder; wonderfully.
How strangely active are the arts of peace! Dryden.
It would strangely delight you to see with what spirit he
converses. Law.
Strangeness
Strange"ness, n. The state or quality of being strange (in any sense
of the adjective).
Stranger
Stran"ger (?), n. [OF. estrangier, F. \'82tranger. See Strange.]
1. One who is strange, foreign, or unknown. Specifically: -- (a) One
who comes from a foreign land; a foreigner.
I am a most poor woman and a stranger, Born out of your dominions.
Shak.
(b) One whose home is at a distance from the place where he is, but in
the same country. (c) One who is unknown or unacquainted; as, the
gentleman is a stranger to me; hence, one not admitted to
communication, fellowship, or acquaintance.
Melons on beds of ice are taught to bear, And strangers to the sun
yet ripen here. Granville.
My child is yet a stranger in the world. Shak.
I was no stranger to the original. Dryden.
2. One not belonging to the family or household; a guest; a visitor.
To honor and receive Our heavenly stranger. Milton.
3. (Law) One not privy or party an act, contract, or title; a mere
intruder or intermeddler; one who interferes without right; as, actual
possession of land gives a good title against a stranger having no
title; as to strangers, a mortgage is considered merely as a pledge; a
mere stranger to the levy.
Stranger
Stran"ger, v. t. To estrange; to alienate. [Obs.] Shak.
Strangle
Stran"gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strangled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Strangling (?).] [OF. estrangler, F. \'82trangler, L. strangulare, Gr.
string, n. Cf. Strain, String.]
1. To compress the windpipe of (a person or animal) until death
results from stoppage of respiration; to choke to death by compressing
the throat, as with the hand or a rope.
Our Saxon ancestors compelled the adulteress to strangle herself.
Ayliffe.
2. To stifle, choke, or suffocate in any manner.
Shall I not then be stifled in the vault, . . . And there die
strangled ere my Romeo comes? Shak.
3. To hinder from appearance; to stifle; to suppress. "Strangle such
thoughts." Shak.
Strangle
Stran"gle, v. i. To be strangled, or suffocated.
Strangleable
Stran"gle*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being strangled. [R.] Chesterfield.
Strangler
Stran"gler (?), n. One who, or that which, strangles. "The very
strangler of their amity." Shak.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1423
Strangles
Stran"gles (?), n. A disease in horses and swine, in which the upper
part of the throat, or groups of lymphatic glands elsewhere, swells.
Strangulate
Stran"gu*late (?), a. (Bot.) Strangulated.
Strangulated
Stran"gu*la`ted (?), a.
1. (Med.) Having the circulation stopped by compression; attended with
arrest or obstruction of circulation, caused by constriction or
compression; as, a strangulated hernia.
2. (Bot.) Contracted at irregular intervals, if tied with a ligature;
constricted.
Strangulated hernia. (Med.) See under Hernia.
Strangulation
Stran"gu*la`tion (?), n. [L. strangulatio: cf. F. strangulation. See
Strangle.]
1. The act of strangling, or the state of being strangled.
2. (Med.) Inordinate compression or constriction of a tube or part, as
of the throat; especially, such as causes a suspension of breathing,
of the passage of contents, or of the circulation, as in cases of
hernia.
Strangurious
Stran*gu"ri*ous (?), a. [L. stranguriosus.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to
strangury. Cheyne.
Strangury
Stran"gu*ry (?), n. [L. stranguria, Gr. strangurie. See Strangle, and
Urine.]
1. (Med.) A painful discharge of urine, drop by drop, produced by
spasmodic muscular contraction.
2. (Bot.) A swelling or other disease in a plant, occasioned by a
ligature fastened tightly about it.
Strany
Stra"ny (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The guillemot. [Prov. Eng.]
Strap
Strap (?), n. [OE. strope, AS. stropp, L. stroppus, struppus, perhaps
fr. Gr. Strophe). Cf. Strop a strap, a piece of rope.]
1. A long, narrow, pliable strip of leather, cloth, or the like;
specifically, a strip of thick leather used in flogging.
A lively cobbler that . . . had scarce passed a day without giving
her [his wife] the discipline of the strap. Addison.
2. Something made of such a strip, or of a part of one, or a
combination of two or more for a particular use; as, a boot strap,
shawl strap, stirrup strap.
3. A piece of leather, or strip of wood covered with a suitable
material, for sharpening a razor; a strop.
4. A narrow strip of anything, as of iron or brass. Specifically: --
(a) (Carp. & Mach.) A band, plate, or loop of metal for clasping and
holding timbers or parts of a machine. (b) (Naut.) A piece of rope or
metal passing around a block and used for fastening it to anything.
5. (Bot.) (a) The flat part of the corolla in ligulate florets, as
those of the white circle in the daisy. (b) The leaf, exclusive of its
sheath, in some grasses.
6. A shoulder strap. See under Shoulder.
Strap bolt, a bolt of which one end is a flat bar of considerable
length. -- Strap head (Mach.), a journal box, or pair of brasses,
secured to the end of a connecting rod by a strap. See Illust. of Gib
and key, under Gib. -- Strap hinge, a hinge with long flaps by which
it is fastened, as to a door or wall. -- Strap rail (Railroads), a
flat rail formerly used.
Strap
Strap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Strapping.]
1. To beat or chastise with a strap.
2. To fasten or bind with a strap. Cowper.
3. To sharpen by rubbing on a strap, or strop; as, to strap a razor.
Strappado
Strap*pa"do (?), n.; pl. Strappadoes (#). [It. strappata a pull, the
strappado, from strappare to pull, from Prov. G. strapfen: cf. G.
straff tense, stretched.] A military punishment formerly practiced,
which consisted in drawing an offender to the top of a beam and
letting him fall to the length of the rope, by which means a limb was
often dislocated. Shak.
Strappado
Strap*pa"do, v. t. To punish or torture by the strappado. Milton.
Strapper
Strap"per (?), n.
1. One who uses strap.
2. A person or thing of uncommon size. [Colloq.]
Strapping
Strap"ping (?), a. Tall; strong; lusty; large; as, a strapping fellow.
[Colloq.]
There are five and thirty strapping officers gone. Farquhar.
Strapple
Strap"ple (?), v. t. To hold or bind with, or as with, a strap; to
entangle. [Obs.] Chapman.
Strap-shaped
Strap"-shaped` (?), a. Shaped like a strap; ligulate; as, a
strap-shaped corolla.
Strapwork
Strap"work` (?), n. (Arch.) A kind of ornament consisting of a narrow
fillet or band folded, crossed, and interlaced.
Strass
Strass (?), n. [So called from its inventor, a German jeweler: cf. F.
stras.] (Chem.) A brilliant glass, used in the manufacture of
artificial paste gems, which consists essentially of a complex
borosilicate of lead and potassium. Cf. Glass.
Strata
Stra"ta (?), n., pl. of Stratum.
Stratagem
Strat"a*gem (?), n. [F. stratag\'8ame (cf. Sp. estratagema, It.
stratagemma), L. strategema, Gr. Stratum) + Agent.] An artifice or
trick in war for deceiving the enemy; hence, in general, artifice;
deceptive device; secret plot; evil machination.
Fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils. Shak.
Those oft are stratagems which error seem, Nor is it Homer nods,
but we that dream. Pope.
Stratagemical
Strat`a*gem"ic*al (?), a. Containing stratagem; as, a stratagemical
epistle. [R.] Swift.
Stratarithmetry
Strat`a*rith"me*try (?), n. [Gr. -metry.] (Mil.) The art of drawing up
an army, or any given number of men, in any geometrical figure, or of
estimating or expressing the number of men in such a figure.
Strategetic, Strategetical
Strat`e*get"ic (?), Strat`e*get"ic*al (?), a. Strategic.
Strategetics
Strat`e*get"ics (?), n. Strategy.
Strategic, Strategical
Stra*te"gic (?), Stra*te"gic*al, a. [Gr. strat\'82gique.] Of or
pertaining to strategy; effected by artifice. -- Stra*te"gic*al*ly,
adv. Strategic line (Mil.), a line joining strategic points. --
Strategic point (Mil.), any point or region in the theater or warlike
operations which affords to its possessor an advantage over his
opponent, as a mountain pass, a junction of rivers or roads, a
fortress, etc.
Strategics
Stra*te"gics (?), n. Strategy.
Strategist
Strat"e*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. strat\'82giste.] One skilled in strategy,
or the science of directing great military movements.
Strategus
Stra*te"gus (?), n.; pl. Strategi (#). [L., fr. Gr. Stratagem.] (Gr.
Antiq.) The leader or commander of an army; a general.
Strategy
Strat"e*gy (?), n. [Gr. strat\'82gie. See Stratagem.]
1. The science of military command, or the science of projecting
campaigns and directing great military movements; generalship.
2. The use of stratagem or artifice. <-- 3. a plan of action
encompassing the methods to be adopted from beginning to end of a task
or endeavor, focussing on the general methods; -- contrasted with
tactics, which is a plan for accomplishing subgoals of lesser extent
than the primary goal. Thus, a strategy is a plan for winning a war,
and a tactic is a plan for winning a battle. 4. Biol. A behavior
evolved and exhibited by a living organism to accomplish some
important goal, as a foraging strategy. -->
Strath
Strath (?), n. [Gael. srath.] A valley of considerable size, through
which a river runs; a valley bottom; -- often used in composition with
the name of the river; as, Strath Spey, Strathdon, Strathmore. [Scot.]
The long green strath of Napa valley. R. L. Stevenson.
Strathspey
Strath"spey` (?), n. [So called from the district of Strath Spey in
Scotland.] A lively Scottish dance, resembling the reel, but slower;
also, the tune.
Straticulate
Stra*tic"u*late (?), a. [Dim. Fr. stratum.] (Min.) Characterized by
the presence of thin parallel strata, or layers, as in an agate.
Stratification
Strat`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. stratification.]
1. The act or process of laying in strata, or the state of being laid
in the form of strata, or layers.
2. (Physiol.) The deposition of material in successive layers in the
growth of a cell wall, thus giving rise to a stratified appearance.
Stratified
Strat"i*fied (?), a. Having its substance arranged in strata, or
layers; as, stratified rock.
Stratiform
Strat"i*form (?), a. Having the form of strata.
Stratify
Strat"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stratified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stratifying (?).] [Stratum + -fy: cf. F. stratifier.] To form or
deposit in strata, or layers, as substances in the earth; to arrange
in strata.
Stratigraphic, Stratigraphical
Strat`i*graph"ic (?), Strat`i*graph"ic*al (?), a. (Geol.) Pertaining
to, or depended upon, the order or arrangement of strata; as,
stratigraphical evidence. -- Strat`i*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
Stratigraphic, -ical
Strat`i*graph"ic, -ic*al, a. (Mil.) See Stratographic.
Stratigraphy
Stra*tig"ra*phy (?), n. [Stratum + -graphy.] That branch of geology
which treats of the arrangement and succession of strata.
Stratocracy
Stra*toc"ra*cy (?), n. [Gr. -cracy, as in democracy: cf. F.
stratocratie.] A military government; government by military chiefs
and an army.
Stratographic, Stratographical
Strat`o*graph"ic (?), Strat`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
stratography.
Stratography
Stra*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] A description of an army, or of
what belongs to an army.
Stratonic
Stra*ton"ic (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to an army. [R.]
Stratotic
Stra*tot"ic (?), a. Warlike; military. [R.]
Stratum
Stra"tum (?), n.; pl. E. Stratums (#), L. Strata (#). The latter is
more common. [L., from sternere, stratum, to spread; akin to Gr.
Strew, and cf. Consternation, Estrade, Prostrate, Stratus, Street.]
1. (Geol.) A bed of earth or rock of one kind, formed by natural
causes, and consisting usually of a series of layers, which form a
rock as it lies between beds of other kinds. Also used figuratively.
2. A bed or layer artificially made; a course.
Stratus
Stra"tus (?), n. [L. stratus a spreading out, scattering, from
sternere, stratum, to spread.] (Meteor.) A form of clouds in which
they are arranged in a horizontal band or layer. See Cloud.
Straught
Straught (?), obs. imp. & p. p. of Stretch.
Straught
Straught, v. t. To stretch; to make straight. [Written also straucht.]
[Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Straw
Straw (?), v. t. To spread or scatter. See Strew, and Strow. Chaucer.
Straw
Straw, n. [OE. straw, stre, stree, AS. stre\'a0w, from the root of E.
strew; akin to OFries. str\'c7, D. stroo, G. stroh, OHG. str\'d3,
Icel. str\'be, Dan. straa, Sw. str\'86. \'fb166. See Strew.]
1. A stalk or stem of certain species of grain, pulse, etc.,
especially of wheat, rye, oats, barley, more rarely of buckwheat,
beans, and pease.
2. The gathered and thrashed stalks of certain species of grain, etc.;
as, a bundle, or a load, of rye straw.
3. Anything proverbially worthless; the least possible thing; a mere
trifle.
I set not a straw by thy dreamings. Chaucer.
NOTE: &hand; St raw is of ten us ed in th e fo rmation of
self-explaining compounds; as, straw-built, straw-crowned,
straw-roofed, straw-stuffed, and the like.
Man of straw, an effigy formed by stuffing the garments of a man with
straw; hence, a fictitious person; an irresponsible person; a
puppet.<-- now usu. straw man, as in set up a straw man; -- used in
disputation. Typically, one party accuses an opponent of setting up a
straw man, meaning that the opponent is distorting his true opinion in
order to make it look absurd. --> -- Straw bail, worthless bail, as
being given by irresponsible persons. [Colloq. U.S.] -- Straw bid, a
worthless bid; a bid for a contract which the bidder is unable or
unwilling to fulfill. [Colloq. U.S.] -- Straw cat (Zo\'94l.), the
pampas cat. -- Straw color, the color of dry straw, being a delicate
yellow. -- Straw drain, a drain filled with straw. -- Straw plait, OR
Straw plat, a strip formed by plaiting straws, used for making hats,
bonnets, etc. -- To be in the straw, to be brought to bed, as a
pregnant woman. [Slang]<-- archaic? Similar is "a roll in the hay" -->
Strawberry
Straw"ber*ry (?), n. [AS. stre\'a0wberige; stre\'a0w straw + berie
berry; perhaps from the resemblance of the runners of the plant to
straws.] (Bot.) A fragrant edible berry, of a delicious taste and
commonly of a red color, the fruit of a plant of the genus Fragaria,
of which there are many varieties. Also, the plant bearing the fruit.
The common American strawberry is Fragaria virginiana; the European,
F. vesca. There are also other less common species. Strawberry bass.
(Zo\'94l.) See Calico bass, under Calico. -- Strawberry blite. (Bot.)
See under Blite. -- Strawberry borer (Zo\'94l.), any one of several
species of insects whose larv\'91 burrow in the crown or roots of the
strawberry vine. Especially: (a) The root borer (Anarsia lineatella),
a very small dark gray moth whose larv\'91 burrow both in the larger
roots and crown, often doing great damage. (b) The crown borer
(Tyloderma fragari\'91), a small brown weevil whose larva burrows in
the crown and kills the plant. -- Strawberry bush (Bot.), an American
shrub (Euonymus Americanus), a kind of spindle tree having crimson
pods and the seeds covered with a scarlet aril. -- Strawberry crab
(Zo\'94l.), a small European spider crab (Eurynome aspera); -- so
called because the back is covered with pink tubercles. -- Strawberry
fish (Zo\'94l.), the amadavat. -- Strawberry geranium (Bot.), a kind
of saxifrage (Saxifraga sarmentosa) having reniform leaves, and
producing long runners like those of the strawberry. -- Strawberry
leaf. (a) The leaf of the strawberry. (b) The symbol of the rank or
estate of a duke, because the ducal coronet is twined with strawberry
leaves. "The strawberry leaves on her chariot panels are engraved on
her ladyship's heart." Thackeray. -- Strawberry-leaf roller
(Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of moths whose larv\'91 roll
up, and feed upon, the leaves of the strawberry vine; especially,
Phoxopteris fragari\'91, and Eccopsis permundana. -- Strawberry moth
(Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of moth whose larv\'91 feed on
the strawberry vines; as: (a) The smeared dagger (Apatela oblinita),
whose large hairy larva is velvety black with two rows of bright
yellow spots on each side. (b) A geometrid (Angerona crocataria) which
is yellow with dusky spots on the wings. Called also currant moth. --
Strawberry pear (Bot.), the red ovoid fruit of a West Indian plant of
the genus Cereus (C. triangularia). It has a sweetish flavor, and is
slightly acid, pleasant, and cooling. Also, the plant bearing the
fruit. -- Strawberry sawfly (Zo\'94l.), a small black sawfly (Emphytus
maculatus) whose larva eats the leaves of the strawberry vine. --
Strawberry tomato. (Bot.) See Alkekengi. -- Strawberry tree. (Bot.)
See Arbutus. -- Strawberry vine (Bot.), the plant which yields the
strawberry. -- Strawberry worm (Zo\'94l.), the larva of any moth which
feeds on the strawberry vine.
Strawboard
Straw"board` (?), n. Pasteboard made of pulp of straw.
Straw-colored
Straw"-col`ored (?), a. Being of a straw color. See Straw color, under
Straw, n.
Straw-cutter
Straw"-cut`ter (?), n. An instrument to cut straw for fodder.
Strawed
Strawed (?), imp. & p. p. of Straw. [Obs.]
Strawworm
Straw"worm` (?), n. A caddice worm.
Strawy
Straw"y (?), a. Of or pertaining to straw; made of, or resembling,
straw. Shak.
Stray
Stray (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Strayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Straying.]
[OF. estraier, estraer, to stray, or as adj., stray, fr. (assumed) L.
stratarius roving the streets, fr. L. strata (sc. via) a paved road.
See Street, and Stray, a.]
1. To wander, as from a direct course; to deviate, or go out of the
way.
Thames among the wanton valleys strays. Denham.
2. To wander from company, or from the proper limits; to rove at
large; to roam; to go astray.
Now, until the break of day, Through this house each fairy stray.
Shak.
A sheep doth very often stray. Shak.
3. Figuratively, to wander from the path of duty or rectitude; to err.
We have erred and strayed from thy ways.
While meaner things, whom instinct leads, Are rarely known to
stray. Cowper.
Syn. -- To deviate; err; swerve; rove; roam; wander.
Stray
Stray, v. t. To cause to stray. [Obs.] Shak.
Stray
Stray, a. [Cf. OF. estrai\'82, p.p. of estraier. See Stray, v. i., and
cf. Astray, Estray.] Having gone astray; strayed; wandering; as, a
strayhorse or sheep. Stray line (Naut.), that portion of the log line
which is veered from the reel to allow the chip to get clear of the
stern eddies before the glass is turned. -- Stray mark (Naut.), the
mark indicating the end of the stray line.
Stray
Stray, n.
1. Any domestic animal that has an inclosure, or its proper place and
company, and wanders at large, or is lost; an estray. Used also
figuratively.
Seeing him wander about, I took him up for a stray. Dryden.
2. The act of wandering or going astray. [R.] Shak.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1424
Strayer
Stray"er (?), n. One who strays; a wanderer.
Stre
Stre (?), n. Straw. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Streak
Streak (?), v. t. [Cf. Stretch, Streek.] To stretch; to extend; hence,
to lay out, as a dead body. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Streak
Streak, n. [OE. streke; akin to D. streek a line, stroke, G. strich,
AS. strica, Sw. strek, Dan. streg, Goth. stricks, and E. strike,
stroke. See Strike, Stroke, n., and cf. Strake.]
1. A line or long mark of a different color from the ground; a stripe;
a vein.
What mean those colored streaks in heaven? Milton.
2. (Shipbuilding) A strake.
3. (Min.) The fine powder or mark yielded by a mineral when scratched
or rubbed against a harder surface, the color of which is sometimes a
distinguishing character.
4. The rung or round of a ladder. [Obs.]
Streak
Streak, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Streaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Streaking.]
1. To form streaks or stripes in or on; to stripe; to variegate with
lines of a different color, or of different colors.
A mule . . . streaked and dappled with white and black. Sandys.
Now streaked and glowing with the morning red. Prior.
2. With it as an object: To run swiftly. [Colloq.]
Streaked
Streaked (?), a.
1. Marked or variegated with stripes.
2. Uncomfortable; out of sorts. [Local, U.S.]
Streaky
Streak"y (?), a. Same as Streaked, 1. "The streaky west." Cowper.
Stream
Stream (?), n. [AS. stre\'a0m; akin to OFries. str\'bem, OS. str\'d3m,
D. stroom, G. strom, OHG. stroum, str, Dan. & Sw. str\'94m, Icel.
straumr, Ir. sroth, Lith. srove, Russ. struia, Gr. sru. \'fb174. Cf.
Catarrh, Diarrhea, Rheum, Rhythm.]
1. A current water or other fluid; a liquid flowing continuously in a
line or course, either on the earth, as a river, brook, etc., or from
a vessel, reservoir, or fountain; specifically, any course of running
water; as, many streams are blended in the Mississippi; gas and steam
came from the earth in streams; a stream of molten lead from a
furnace; a stream of lava from a volcano.
2. A beam or ray of light. "Sun streams." Chaucer.
3. Anything issuing or moving with continued succession of parts; as,
a stream of words; a stream of sand. "The stream of beneficence."
Atterbury. "The stream of emigration." Macaulay.
4. A continued current or course; as, a stream of weather. "The very
stream of his life." Shak.
5. Current; drift; tendency; series of tending or moving causes; as,
the stream of opinions or manners.
Gulf stream. See under Gulf. -- Stream anchor, Stream cable. (Naut.)
See under Anchor, and Cable. -- Stream ice, blocks of ice floating in
a mass together in some definite direction. -- Stream tin, particles
or masses of tin ore found in alluvial ground; -- so called because a
stream of water is the principal agent used in separating the ore from
the sand and gravel. -- Stream works (Cornish Mining), a place where
an alluvial deposit of tin ore is worked. Ure. -- To float with the
stream, figuratively, to drift with the current of opinion, custom,
etc., so as not to oppose or check it. <-- Colloq. = go with the flow,
blow with the wind. --> Syn. -- Current; flow; rush; tide; course. --
Stream, Current. These words are often properly interchangeable; but
stream is the broader word, denoting a prevailing onward course. The
stream of the Mississippi rolls steadily on to the Gulf of Mexico, but
there are reflex currents in it which run for a while in a contrary
direction.
Stream
Stream, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Streamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Streaming.]
1. To issue or flow in a stream; to flow freely or in a current, as a
fluid or whatever is likened to fluids; as, tears streamed from her
eyes.
Beneath those banks where rivers stream. Milton.
2. To pour out, or emit, a stream or streams.
A thousand suns will stream on thee. Tennyson.
3. To issue in a stream of light; to radiate.
4. To extend; to stretch out with a wavy motion; to float in the wind;
as, a flag streams in the wind.
Stream
Stream, v. t. To send forth in a current or stream; to cause to flow;
to pour; as, his eyes streamed tears.
It may so please that she at length will stream Some dew of grace
into my withered heart. Spenser.
2. To mark with colors or embroidery in long tracts.
The herald's mantle is streamed with gold. Bacon.
3. To unfurl. Shak.
To stream the buoy. (Naut.) See under Buoy.
Streamer
Stream"er (?), n.
1. An ensign, flag, or pennant, which floats in the wind;
specifically, a long, narrow, ribbonlike flag.
Brave Rupert from afar appears, Whose waving streamers the glad
general knows. Dryden.
3. A stream or column of light shooting upward from the horizon,
constituting one of the forms of the aurora borealis. Macaulay.
While overhead the North's dumb streamers shoot. Lowell.
3. (Mining) A searcher for stream tin.
Streamful
Stream"ful (?), a. Abounding in streams, or in water. "The streamful
tide." Drayton.
Streaminess
Stream"i*ness (?), n. The state of being streamy; a trailing. R. A.
Proctor.
Streaming
Stream"ing, a. Sending forth streams.
Streaming
Stream"ing, n.
1. The act or operation of that which streams; the act of that which
sends forth, or which runs in, streams.
2. (Mining) The reduction of stream tin; also, the search for stream
tin.
Streamless
Stream"less, a. Destitute of streams, or of a stream, as a region of
country, or a dry channel.
Streamlet
Stream"let (?), n. A small stream; a rivulet; a rill.
Streamy
Stream"y (?), a.
1. Abounding with streams, or with running water; streamful.
Arcadia However streamy now, adust and dry, Denied the goddess
water. Prior.
2. Resembling a stream; issuing in a stream.
His nodding helm emits a streamy ray. Pope.
Stree
Stree (?), n. Straw. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Streek
Streek (?), v. t. To stretch; also, to lay out, as a dead body. See
Streak. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Streel
Streel (?), v. i. [Cf. Stroll.] To trail along; to saunter or be drawn
along, carelessly, swaying in a kind of zigzag motion. [Colloq.]
Thackeray.
Streen
Streen (?), n. See Strene. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Street
Street (?), n. [OE. strete, AS. str, fr. L. strata (sc. via) a paved
way, properly fem. p.p. of sternere, stratum, to spread; akin to E.
strew. See Strew, and cf. Stratum, Stray, v. & a.] Originally, a paved
way or road; a public highway; now commonly, a thoroughfare in a city
or village, bordered by dwellings or business houses.
He removed [the body of] Amasa from the street unto the field.
Coverdale.
At home or through the high street passing. Milton.
NOTE: &hand; In an ex tended sense, street designates besides the
roadway, the walks, houses, shops, etc., which border the
thoroughfare.
His deserted mansion in Duke Street. Macaulay.
The street (Broker's Cant), that thoroughfare of a city where the
leading bankers and brokers do business; also, figuratively, those who
do business there; as, the street would not take the bonds. -- Street
Arab, Street broker, etc. See under Arab, Broker, etc. -- Street door,
a door which opens upon a street, or is nearest the street. Syn. --
See Way.
Streetwalker
Street"walk`er (?), n. A common prostitute who walks the streets to
find customers.
Streetward
Street"ward` (?), n. An officer, or ward, having the care of the
streets. [Obs.] Cowell.
Streetward
Street"ward (?), a. Facing toward the street.
Their little streetward sitting room. Tennyson.
Streight
Streight (?), a., n., & adv. See 2nd Strait. [Obs.]
Streighten
Streight"en (?), v. t. See Straiten. [Obs.]
Strein
Strein (?), v. t. To strain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Streit
Streit (?), a. [See Stretch.] Drawn. [Obs.]
Pyrrhus with his streite sword. Chaucer.
Streit
Streit, a. Close; narrow; strict. [Obs.] See Strait.
Streite
Streite, adv. Narrowly; strictly; straitly. [Obs.]
Strelitz
Strel"itz (?), n.sing. & pl. [Russ. strieli\'82ts' a shooter, archer.]
A soldier of the ancient Muscovite guard or Russian standing army;
also, the guard itself.
Strelitzia
Stre*litz"i*a (?), n. [NL., named after Charlotte, Princess of
Mecklenburg-Strelitz, and queen of George III of Great Britain.]
(Bot.) A genus of plants related to the banana, found at the Cape of
Good Hope. They have rigid glaucous distichous leaves, and peculiar
richly colored flowers.
Strene
Strene (?), n. [OE. stren, streen, streon, AS. gestri\'82nan, gestr,
gestre\'a2nan, to beget, to obtain, gestre\'a2n gain, wealth; akin to
OHG. striunan to gain. Cf. Strian race, family.] Race; offspring;
stock; breed; strain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Strenger, Strengest
Stren"ger (?), Stren"gest (?), the original compar. & superl. of
Strong. [Obs.]
Two of us shall strenger be than one. Chaucer.
Strength
Strength (?), n. [OE. strengthe, AS. streng, fr. strang strong. See
Strong.]
1. The quality or state of being strong; ability to do or to bear;
capacity for exertion or endurance, whether physical, intellectual, or
moral; force; vigor; power; as, strength of body or of the arm;
strength of mind, of memory, or of judgment.
All his [Samson's] strength in his hairs were. Chaucer.
Thou must outlive Thy youth, thy strength, thy beauty. Milton.
2. Power to resist force; solidity or toughness; the quality of bodies
by which they endure the application of force without breaking or
yielding; -- in this sense opposed to frangibility; as, the strength
of a bone, of a beam, of a wall, a rope, and the like. "The brittle
strength of bones." Milton.
3. Power of resisting attacks; impregnability. "Our castle's strength
will laugh a siege to scorn." Shak.
4. That quality which tends to secure results; effective power in an
institution or enactment; security; validity; legal or moral force;
logical conclusiveness; as, the strength of social or legal
obligations; the strength of law; the strength of public opinion;
strength of evidence; strength of argument.
5. One who, or that which, is regarded as embodying or affording
force, strength, or firmness; that on which confidence or reliance is
based; support; security.
God is our refuge and strength. Ps. xlvi. 1.
What they boded would be a mischief to us, you are providing shall
be one of our principal strengths. Sprat.
Certainly there is not a greater strength against temptation. Jer.
Taylor.
6. Force as measured; amount, numbers, or power of any body, as of an
army, a navy, and the like; as, what is the strength of the enemy by
land, or by sea?
7. Vigor or style; force of expression; nervous diction; -- said of
literary work.
And praise the easy vigor of a life Where Denham's strength and
Waller's sweetness join. Pope.
8. Intensity; -- said of light or color.
Bright Ph\'d2bus in his strength. Shak.
9. Intensity or degree of the distinguishing and essential element;
spirit; virtue; excellence; -- said of liquors, solutions, etc.; as,
the strength of wine or of acids.
10. A strong place; a stronghold. [Obs.] Shak.
On, OR Upon, the strength of, in reliance upon. "The allies, after a
successful summer, are too apt, upon the strength of it, to neglect
their preparations for the ensuing campaign." Addison. Syn. -- Force;
robustness; toughness; hardness; stoutness; brawniness; lustiness;
firmness; puissance; support; spirit; validity; authority. See Force.
Strength
Strength, v. t. To strengthen. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Strengthen
Strength"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strengthened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Strengthening.]
1. To make strong or stronger; to add strength to; as, to strengthen a
limb, a bridge, an army; to strengthen an obligation; to strengthen
authority.
Let noble Warwick, Cobham, and the rest, . . . With powerful policy
strengthen themselves. Shak.
2. To animate; to encourage; to fix in resolution.
Charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him. Deut. iii.
28.
Syn. -- To invigorate; confirm; establish; fortify; animate;
encourage.
Strengthen
Strength"en (?), v. i. To grow strong or stronger.
The young disease, that must subdue at length, Grows with his
growth, and strengthens with his strength. Pope.
Strengthener
Strength"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, gives or adds strength.
Sir W. Temple.
Strengthening
Strength"en*ing, a. That strengthens; giving or increasing strength.
-- Strength"en*ing*ly, adv. Strengthening plaster (Med.), a plaster
containing iron, and supposed to have tonic effects.
Strengthful
Strength"ful (?), a. Abounding in strength; full of strength; strong.
-- Strength"ful*ness, n.
Florence my friend, in court my faction Not meanly strengthful.
Marston.
Strengthing
Strength"ing, n. A stronghold. [Obs.]
Strengthless
Strength"less, a. Destitute of strength. Boyle.
Strengthner
Strength"ner (?), n. See Strengthener.
Strengthy
Strength"y (?), a. Having strength; strong. [Obs.]
Strenuity
Stre*nu"i*ty (?), n. [L. strenuatis.] Strenuousness; activity. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Strenuous
Stren"u*ous (?), a. [L. strenuus; cf. Gr. Eagerly pressing or urgent;
zealous; ardent; earnest; bold; valiant; intrepid; as, a strenuous
advocate for national rights; a strenuous reformer; a strenuous
defender of his country.
And spirit-stirring wine, that strenuous makes. Chapman.
Strenuous, continuous labor is pain. I. Taylor.
-- Stren"u*ous*ly, adv. -- Stren"u*ous*ness, n.
Strepent
Strep"ent (?), a. [L. strepens, p.pr. of strepere to make a noise.]
Noisy; loud. [R.] Shenstone.
Streperous
Strep"er*ous (?), a. [LL. streperus, fr. L. strepere. See Strepent,
and cf. Obstreperous.] Loud; boisterous. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Strepitores
Strep`i*to"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. strepitus clamor.] (Zo\'94l.)
A division of birds, including the clamatorial and picarian birds,
which do not have well developed singing organs.
Strepsipter, Strepsipteran
Strep*sip"ter (?), Strep*sip"ter*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
Strepsiptera.
Strepsiptera
Strep*sip"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of small
insects having the anterior wings rudimentary, and in the form of
short and slender twisted appendages, while the posterior ones are
large and membranous. They are parasitic in the larval state on bees,
wasps, and the like; -- called also Rhipiptera. See Illust. under
Rhipipter.
Strepsipterous
Strep*sip"ter*ous (?), a. [See Strepsiptera.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or
pertaining to Strepsiptera.
Strepsorhina
Strep`so*rhi"na (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Lemuroidea.
Strepsorhine
Strep"so*rhine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having twisted nostrils; -- said of
the lemurs. -- n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Strepsorhina; a lemur. See
Illust. under Monkey.
Streptobacteria
Strep`to*bac*te"ri*a (?), n. pl.; sing. Streptobracterium (. [NL., fr.
Gr. bacteria.] (Biol.) A so-called variety of bacterium, consisting in
reality of several bacteria linked together in the form of a chain.
Streptococcus
Strep`to*coc"cus (?), n.; pl. Streptococci (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)
A long or short chain of micrococci, more or less curved. <--
Streptomyces. A genus of gram-positive bacteria growing in long
filamentous, often branched chains. They are plentiful in soil and
produce the characteristic odor of soils. Some of the species have
proved to be useful as sources of important pharmaceutical agents. Of
these, the best known are streptomycin, chloramphenicaol, and
tetracycline. --> <-- Streptomycete. Any member of the family of
bacteria called Streptomycetaceae, including the genus Streptomyces.
They are typically aerobic saprophytes producing begetative areial
mycelium. -->
Streptoneura
Strep`to*neu"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An extensive
division of gastropod Mollusca in which the loop or visceral nerves is
twisted, and the sexes separate. It is nearly to equivalent to
Prosobranchiata.
Streptothrix
Strep"to*thrix (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) A genus of bacilli
occurring of the form of long, smooth and apparently branched threads,
either straight or twisted.
Stress
Stress (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. distress; or cf. OF. estrecier to press,
pinch, (assumed) LL. strictiare, fr. L. strictus. See Distress.]
1. Distress. [Obs.]
Sad hersal of his heavy stress. Spenser.
2. Pressure, strain; -- used chiefly of immaterial things; except in
mechanics; hence, urgency; importance; weight; significance.
The faculties of the mind are improved by exercise, yet they must
not be put to a stress beyond their strength. Locke.
A body may as well lay too little as too much stress upon a dream.
L'Estrange.
3. (Mech. & Physics) The force, or combination of forces, which
produces a strain; force exerted in any direction or manner between
contiguous bodies, or parts of bodies, and taking specific names
according to its direction, or mode of action, as thrust or pressure,
pull or tension, shear or tangential stress. Rankine.
Stress is the mutual action between portions of matter. Clerk
Maxwell.
4. (Pron.) Force of utterance expended upon words or syllables. Stress
is in English the chief element in accent and is one of the most
important in emphasis. See Guide to pronunciation, §§ 31-35.
5. (Scots Law) Distress; the act of distraining; also, the thing
distrained.
Stress of voice, unusual exertion of the voice. -- Stress of weather,
constraint imposed by continued bad weather; as, to be driven back to
port by stress of weather. -- To lay stress upon, to attach great
importance to; to emphasize. "Consider how great a stress is laid upon
this duty." Atterbury. -- To put stress upon, OR To put to a stress,
to strain.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1425
Stress
Stress (?), v. t.
1. To press; to urge; to distress; to put to difficulties. [R.]
Spenser.
2. To subject to stress, pressure, or strain.
Stressful
Stress"ful (?), a. Having much stress. Rush.
Stretch
Stretch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stretched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stretching.] [OE. strecchen, AS. streccan; akin to D. strekken, G.
strecken, OHG. strecchen, Sw. str\'84cka, Dan. str\'91kke; cf. AS.
str\'91ck, strec, strong, violent, G. strack straight; of uncertain
origin, perhaps akin to E. strong. Cf. Straight.]
1. To reach out; to extend; to put forth.
And stretch forth his neck long and small. Chaucer.
I in conquest stretched mine arm. Shak.
2. To draw out to the full length; to cause to extend in a straight
line; as, to stretch a cord or rope.
3. To cause to extend in breadth; to spread; to expand; as, to stretch
cloth; to stretch the wings.
4. To make tense; to tighten; to distend forcibly.
The ox hath therefore stretched his yoke in vain. Shak.
5. To draw or pull out to greater length; to strain; as, to stretch a
tendon or muscle.
Awake, my soul, stretch every nerve. Doddridge.
6. To exaggerate; to extend too far; as, to stretch the truth; to
stretch one's credit.
They take up, one day, the most violent and stretched prerogative.
Burke.
Stretch
Stretch, v. i.
1. To be extended; to be drawn out in length or in breadth, or both;
to spread; to reach; as, the iron road stretches across the continent;
the lake stretches over fifty square miles.
As far as stretcheth any ground. Gower.
2. To extend or spread one's self, or one's limbs; as, the lazy man
yawns and stretches.
3. To be extended, or to bear extension, without breaking, as elastic
or ductile substances.
The inner membrane . . . because it would stretch and yield,
remained umbroken. Boyle.
4. To strain the truth; to exaggerate; as, a man apt to stretch in his
report of facts. [Obs. or Colloq.]
5. (Naut.) To sail by the wind under press of canvas; as, the ship
stretched to the eastward. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Stretch out, an order to rowers to extend themselves forward in
dipping the oar.
Stretch
Stretch, n.
1. Act of stretching, or state of being stretched; reach; effort;
struggle; strain; as, a stretch of the limbs; a stretch of the
imagination.
By stretch of arms the distant shore to gain. Dryden.
Those put a lawful authority upon the stretch, to the abuse of
yower, under the color of prerogative. L'Estrange.
2. A continuous line or surface; a continuous space of time; as,
grassy stretches of land.
A great stretch of cultivated country. W. Black.
But all of them left me a week at a stretch. E. Eggleston.
3. The extent to which anything may be stretched.
Quotations, in their utmost stretch, can signify no more than that
Luther lay under severe agonies of mind. Atterbury.
This is the utmost stretch that nature can. Granville.
4. (Naut.) The reach or extent of a vessel's progress on one tack; a
tack or board.
5. Course; direction; as, the stretch of seams of coal.
To be on the stretch, to be obliged to use one's utmost powers. --
Home stretch. See under Home, a.
Stretcher
Stretch"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, stretches.
2. (Masonry) A brick or stone laid with its longer dimension in the
line of direction of the wall. Gwilt.
3. (Arch.) A piece of timber used in building.
4. (Naut.) (a) A narrow crosspiece of the bottom of a boat against
which a rower braces his feet. (b) A crosspiece placed between the
sides of a boat to keep them apart when hoisted up and griped. Dana.
5. A litter, or frame, for carrying disabled, wounded, or dead
persons.
6. An overstretching of the truth; a lie. [Slang]
7. One of the rods in an umbrella, attached at one end to one of the
ribs, and at the other to the tube sliding upon the handle.
8. An instrument for stretching boots or gloves.
9. The frame upon which canvas is stretched for a painting.
Stretching
Stretch"ing (?), a. & n. from Stretch, v. Stretching course (Masonry),
a course or series of stretchers. See Stretcher, 2. Britton.
Stretto
Stret"to (?), n. [It., close or contacted, pressed.] (Mus.) (a) The
crowding of answer upon subject near the end of a fugue. (b) In an
opera or oratorio, a coda, or winding up, in an accelerated time.
[Written also stretta.]
Strew
Strew (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strewed (?); p. p. strewn (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Strewing.] [OE. strewen, strawen, AS. strewian, stre\'a2wian;
akin to Ofries. strewa, OS. strewian, D. strooijen, G. streuen, OHG.
strewen, Icel. str\'be, Sw. str\'94, Dan. str\'94e, Goth. straujan, L.
sternere, stratum, Gr. st. \'fb166. Cf. Stratum, Straw, Street.]
1. To scatter; to spread by scattering; to cast or to throw loosely
apart; -- used of solids, separated or separable into parts or
particles; as, to strew seed in beds; to strew sand on or over a
floor; to strew flowers over a grave.
And strewed his mangled limbs about the field. Dryden.
On a principal table a desk was open and many papers [were] strewn
about. Beaconsfield.
2. To cover more or less thickly by scattering something over or upon;
to cover, or lie upon, by having been scattered; as, they strewed the
ground with leaves; leaves strewed the ground.
The snow which does the top of Pindus strew. Spenser.
Is thine alone the seed that strews the plain? Pope.
3. To spread abroad; to disseminate.
She may strew dangerous conjectures. Shak.
Strewing
Strew"ing (?), n.
1. The act of scattering or spreading.
2. Anything that is, or may be, strewed; -- used chiefly in the
plural. Shak.
Strewment
Strew"ment (?), n. Anything scattered, as flowers for decoration.
[Obs.] Shak.
Strewn
Strewn (?), p. p. of Strew.
Stria
Stri"a (?), n.; pl. Stri\'91 (#). [L., a furrow, channel, hollow.]
1. A minute groove, or channel; a threadlike line, as of color; a
narrow structural band or line; a striation; as, the stri\'91, or
groovings, produced on a rock by a glacier passing over it; the
stri\'91 on the surface of a shell; a stria of nervous matter in the
brain.
2. (Arch.) A fillet between the flutes of columns, pilasters, or the
like. Oxf. Gloss.
Striate
Stri"ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Striated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Striating.] [See Striate, a.] To mark with stria\'91. "Striated
longitudinally." Owen.
Striate, Striated
Stri"ate (?), Stri"a*ted (?), a. [L. striatus, p.p. of striare to
furnish with channels, from stria a channel.] Marked with stria\'91,
or fine grooves, or lines of color; showing narrow structural bands or
lines; as, a striated crystal; striated muscular fiber.
Striation
Stri*a"tion (?), n.
1. The quality or condition of being striated.
2. A stria; as, the striations on a shell.
Striatum
Stri*a"tum (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) The corpus striatum.
Striature
Stri"a*ture (?), n. [L. striatura.] A stria.
Strich
Strich (?), n. [Cf. L. strix, strigs, a streech owl.] (Zo\'94l.) An
owl. [Obs.] Spenser.
Strick
Strick, n. A bunch of hackled flax prepared for drawing into slivers.
Knight.
Stricken
Strick"en (?), p. p. & a. from Strike.
1. Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer.
NOTE: [See Strike, n.]
2. Worn out; far gone; advanced. See Strike, v. t., 21.
Abraham was old and well stricken in age. Gen. xxiv. 1.
3. Whole; entire; -- said of the hour as marked by the striking of a
clock. [Scot.]
He persevered for a stricken hour in such a torrent of unnecessary
tattle. Sir W. Scott.
Speeches are spoken by the stricken hour, day after day, week,
perhaps, after week. Bayne.
Strickle
Stric"kle (?), n. [See Strike.]
1. An instrument to strike grain to a level with the measure; a
strike.
2. An instrument for whetting scythes; a rifle.
3. (Founding) An instrument used for smoothing the surface of a core.
4. (Carp. & Mason.) A templet; a pattern.
5. An instrument used in dressing flax. [Prov. Eng.]
Strickler
Stric"kler (?), n. See Strickle.
Strickless
Strick"less, n. See Strickle. [Prov. Eng.]
Strict
Strict (?), a. [Compar. Stricter (?); superl. Strictest.] [L.
strictus, p.p. of stringere to draw or bind tight, to strain. See
Strain, and cf. Strait, a.]
1. Strained; drawn close; tight; as, a strict embrace; a strict
ligature. Dryden.
2. Tense; not relaxed; as, a strict fiber.
3. Exact; accurate; precise; rigorously nice; as, to keep strict
watch; to pay strict attention. Shak.
It shall be still in strictest measure. Milton.
4. Governed or governing by exact rules; observing exact rules;
severe; rigorous; as, very strict in observing the Sabbath. "Through
the strict senteries." Milton.
5. Rigidly; interpreted; exactly limited; confined; restricted; as, to
understand words in a strict sense.
6. (Bot.) Upright, or straight and narrow; -- said of the shape of the
plants or their flower clusters. Syn. -- Exact; accurate; nice; close;
rigorous; severe. -- Strict, Severe. Strict, applied to a person,
denotes that he conforms in his motives and acts to a principle or
code by which he is bound; severe is strict with an implication often,
but not always, of harshness. Strict is opposed to lax; severe is
opposed to gentle.
And rules as strict his labored work confine, As if the Stagirite
o'erlooked each line. Pope.
Soon moved with touch of blame, thus Eve: - "What words have passed
thy lips, Adam severe!" Milton.
The Strict Observance, OR Friars of the Strict Observance. (R. C. Ch.)
See Observance.
Striction
Stric"tion (?), n. [L. strictio. See Stringent.] The act of
constricting, or the state of being constricted. Line of striction
(Geom.), the line on a skew surface that cuts each generator in that
point of it that is nearest to the succeeding generator.
Strictly
Strict"ly, adv. In a strict manner; closely; precisely.
Strictness
Strict"ness, n. Quality or state of being strict.
Stricture
Stric"ture (?), n. [L. strictura a contraction, from stringere,
strictum, to draw tight: cf. F. stricture. See Strict.]
1. Strictness. [Obs.]
A man of stricture and firm abstinence. Shak.
2. A stroke; a glance; a touch. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
3. A touch of adverse criticism; censure.
[I have] given myself the liberty of these strictures by way of
reflection on all and every passage. Hammond.
4. (Med.) A localized morbid contraction of any passage of the body.
Cf. Organic stricture, and Spasmodic stricture, under Organic, and
Spasmodic. Arbuthnot.
Strictured
Stric"tured (?), a. (Med.) Affected with a stricture; as, a strictured
duct.
Strid
Strid (?), n. [See Stride.] A narrow passage between precipitous rocks
or banks, which looks as if it might be crossed at a stride. [Prov.
Eng.] Howitt.
This striding place is called the Strid. Wordsworth.
Stride
Stride (?), v. t. [imp. Strode (?) (Obs. Strid (); p. p. Stridden (?)
(Obs. Strid); p. pr. & vb. n. Striding.] [AS. str\'c6dan to stride, to
strive; akin to LG. striden, OFries. str\'c6da to strive, D. strijden
to strive, to contend, G. streiten, OHG. str\'c6tan; of uncertain
origin. Cf. Straddle.]
1. To walk with long steps, especially in a measured or pompous
manner.
Mars in the middle of the shining shield Is graved, and strides
along the liquid field. Dryden.
2. To stand with the legs wide apart; to straddle.
Stride
Stride, v. t.
1. To pass over at a step; to step over. "A debtor that not dares to
stride a limit." Shak.
2. To straddle; to bestride.
I mean to stride your steed. Shak.
Stride
Stride, n. The act of stridding; a long step; the space measured by a
long step; as, a masculine stride. Pope.
God never meant that man should scale the heavens By strides of
human wisdom. Cowper.
Strident
Stri"dent (?), a. [L. stridens, -entis, p.pr. of stridere to make a
grating or creaking noise.] Characterized by harshness; grating;
shrill. "A strident voice." Thackeray.
Stridor
Stri"dor (?), n. [L., from stridere to make any harsh, grating, or
creaking sound.] A harsh, shrill, or creaking noise. Dryden.
Stridulate
Strid"u*late (?), v. t. [See Stridulous.] To make a shrill, creaking
noise; specifically (Zo\'94l.), to make a shrill or musical sound,
such as is made by the males of many insects.
Stridulation
Strid`u*la"tion (?), n. The act of stridulating. Specifically:
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The act of making shrill sounds or musical notes by
rubbing together certain hard parts, as is done by the males of many
insects, especially by Orthoptera, such as crickets, grasshoppers, and
locusts. (b) The noise itself.
NOTE: &hand; The crickets stridulate by rubbing together the strong
nervures of the fore wings. Many grasshoppers stridulate by rubbing
the hind legs across strong nervures on the fore wings. The green
grasshoppers and katydids stridulate by means of special organs at
the base of the fore wings.
Stridulator
Strid"u*la`tor (?), n. [NL.] That which stridulates. Darwin.
Stridulatory
Strid"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Stridulous; able to stridulate; used in
stridulating; adapted for stridulation. Darwin.
Stridulous
Strid"u*lous (?), a. [L. stridulus. See Strident.] Making a shrill,
creaking sound. Sir T. Browne.
The Sarmatian boor driving his stridulous cart. Longfellow.
Stridulous laryngitis (Med.), a form of croup, or laryngitis, in
children, associated with dyspn\'d2a, occurring usually at night, and
marked by crowing or stridulous breathing.
Strife
Strife (?), n. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
1. The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [Archaic] Shak.
2. Exertion or contention for superiority; contest of emulation,
either by intellectual or physical efforts.
Doting about questions and strifes of words. 1 Tim. vi. 4.
Thus gods contended -- noble strife - Who most should ease the
wants of life. Congreve.
3. Altercation; violent contention; fight; battle.
Twenty of them fought in this black strife. Shak.
These vows, thus granted, raised a strife above Betwixt the god of
war and queen of love. Dryden.
4. That which is contended against; occasion of contest. [Obs.]
"Lamenting her unlucky strife." Spenser. Syn. -- Contest; struggle;
quarrel. See Contention.
Strifeful
Strife"ful (?), a. Contentious; discordant.
The ape was strifeful and ambitious. Spenser.
Strigate
Stri"gate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having transverse bands of color.
Striges
Stri"ges (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of strix a streech owl; cf. Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) The tribe of birds which comprises the owls.
Strigil
Strig"il (?), n. [L. strigilis, from stringere to graze, scrape.] (Gr.
& Rom. Antiq.) An instrument of metal, ivory, etc., used for scraping
the skin at the bath.
Strigillose
Strig"il*lose` (?), a. [Dim. fr. strigose.] (Bot.) Set with stiff,
slender bristles.
Strigine
Stri"gine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to owls; owl-like.
Strigment
Strig"ment (?), n. [L. strigmentum.] Scraping; that which is scraped
off. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Strigose
Stri*gose" (?), a. [Cf. F. strigueux. See Strigil.] (Bot.) Set with
stiff, straight bristles; hispid; as, a strigose leaf.
Strigous
Stri"gous (?), a. (Bot.) Strigose. [R.]
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Page 1426
Strike
Strike (?), v. t. [imp. Struck (?); p. p. Struck, Stricken ( (Stroock
(, Strucken (, Obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Striking. Struck is more
commonly used in the p.p. than stricken.] [OE. striken to strike,
proceed, flow, AS. str\'c6can to go, proceed, akin to D. strijken to
rub, stroke, strike, to move, go, G. streichen, OHG. str\'c6hhan, L.
stringere to touch lightly, to graze, to strip off (but perhaps not to
L. stringere in sense to draw tight), striga a row, a furrow. Cf.
Streak, Stroke.]
1. To touch or hit with some force, either with the hand or with an
instrument; to smite; to give a blow to, either with the hand or with
any instrument or missile.
He at Philippi kept His sword e'en like a dancer; while I struck
The lean and wrinkled Cassius. Shak.
2. To come in collision with; to strike against; as, a bullet struck
him; the wave struck the boat amidships; the ship struck a reef.
3. To give, as a blow; to impel, as with a blow; to give a force to;
to dash; to cast.
They shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two sideposts.
Ex. xii. 7.
Who would be free, themselves must strike the blow. Byron.
4. To stamp or impress with a stroke; to coin; as, to strike coin from
metal: to strike dollars at the mint.
5. To thrust in; to cause to enter or penetrate; to set in the earth;
as, a tree strikes its roots deep.
6. To punish; to afflict; to smite.
To punish the just is not good, nor strike princes for equity.
Prov. xvii. 26.
7. To cause to sound by one or more beats; to indicate or notify by
audible strokes; as, the clock strikes twelve; the drums strike up a
march.
8. To lower; to let or take down; to remove; as, to strike sail; to
strike a flag or an ensign, as in token of surrender; to strike a yard
or a topmast in a gale; to strike a tent; to strike the centering of
an arch.
9. To make a sudden impression upon, as by a blow; to affect sensibly
with some strong emotion; as, to strike the mind, with surprise; to
strike one with wonder, alarm, dread, or horror.
Nice works of art strike and surprise us most on the first view.
Atterbury.
They please as beauties, here as wonders strike. Pope.
10. To affect in some particular manner by a sudden impression or
impulse; as, the plan proposed strikes me favorably; to strike one
dead or blind.
How often has stricken you dumb with his irony! Landor.
11. To cause or produce by a stroke, or suddenly, as by a stroke; as,
to strike a light.
Waving wide her myrtle wand, She strikes a universal peace through
sea and land. Milton.
12. To cause to ignite; as, to strike a match.
13. To make and ratify; as, to strike a bargain.
NOTE: &hand; Pr obably bo rrowed fr om th e L. f\'d2dus ferrire, to
strike a compact, so called because an animal was struck and killed
as a sacrifice on such occasions.
14. To take forcibly or fraudulently; as, to strike money. [Old Slang]
15. To level, as a measure of grain, salt, or the like, by scraping
off with a straight instrument what is above the level of the top.
16. (Masonry) To cut off, as a mortar joint, even with the face of the
wall, or inward at a slight angle.
17. To hit upon, or light upon, suddenly; as, my eye struck a strange
word; they soon struck the trail.
18. To borrow money of; to make a demand upon; as, he struck a friend
for five dollars. [Slang]
19. To lade into a cooler, as a liquor. B. Edwards.
20. To stroke or pass lightly; to wave.
Behold, I thought, He will . . . strike his hand over the place,
and recover the leper. 2 Kings v. 11.
21. To advance; to cause to go forward; -- used only in past
participle. "Well struck in years." Shak.
To strike an attitude, To strike a balance. See under Attitude, and
Balance. -- To strike a jury (Law), to constitute a special jury
ordered by a court, by each party striking out a certain number of
names from a prepared list of jurors, so as to reduce it to the number
of persons required by law. Burrill. -- To strike a lead. (a) (Mining)
To find a vein of ore. (b) Fig.: To find a way to fortune. [Colloq.]
-- To strike a ledger, OR an account, to balance it. -- To strike
hands with. (a) To shake hands with. Halliwell. (b) To make a compact
or agreement with; to agree with. -- To strike off. (a) To erase from
an account; to deduct; as, to strike off the interest of a debt. (b)
(Print.) To impress; to print; as, to strike off a thousand copies of
a book.<-- = to run off? [copies] --> (c) To separate by a blow or any
sudden action; as, to strike off what is superfluous or corrupt. -- To
strike oil, to find petroleum when boring for it; figuratively, to
make a lucky hit financially. [Slang, U.S.] -- To strike one luck, to
shake hands with one and wish good luck. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. -- To
strike out. (a) To produce by collision; to force out, as, to strike
out sparks with steel. (b) To blot out; to efface; to erase. "To
methodize is as necessary as to strike out." Pope. (c) To form by a
quick effort; to devise; to invent; to contrive, as, to strike out a
new plan of finance. (d) (Baseball) To cause a player to strike out;
-- said of the pitcher. See To strike out, under Strike, v. i. -- To
strike sail. See under Sail. -- To strike up. (a) To cause to sound;
to begin to beat. "Strike up the drums." Shak. (b) To begin to sing or
play; as, to strike up a tune. (c) To raise (as sheet metal), in
making diahes, pans, etc., by blows or pressure in a die. -- To strike
work, to quit work; to go on a strike.
Strike
Strike (?), v. i. To move; to advance; to proceed; to take a course;
as, to strike into the fields.
A mouse . . . struck forth sternly [bodily]. Piers Plowman.
2. To deliver a quick blow or thrust; to give blows.
And fiercely took his trenchant blade in hand, With which he stroke
so furious and so fell. Spenser.
Strike now, or else the iron cools. Shak.
3. To hit; to collide; to dush; to clash; as, a hammer strikes against
the bell of a clock.
4. To sound by percussion, with blows, or as with blows; to be struck;
as, the clock strikes.
A deep sound strikes like a rising knell. Byron.
5. To make an attack; to aim a blow.
A puny subject strikes At thy great glory. Shak.
Struck for throne, and striking found his doom. Tennyson.
6. To touch; to act by appulse.
Hinder light but from striking on it [porphyry], and its colors
vanish. Locke.
7. To run upon a rock or bank; to be stranded; as, the ship struck in
the night.
8. To pass with a quick or strong effect; to dart; to penetrate.
Till a dart strike through his liver. Prov. vii. 23.
Now and then a glittering beam of wit or passion strikes through
the obscurity of the poem. Dryden.
9. To break forth; to commence suddenly; -- with into; as, to strike
into reputation; to strike into a run.
10. To lower a flag, or colors, in token of respect, or to signify a
surrender of a ship to an enemy.
That the English ships of war should not strike in the Danish seas.
Bp. Burnet.
11. To quit work in order to compel an increase, or prevent a
reduction, of wages.
12. To become attached to something; -- said of the spat of oysters.
13. To steal money. [Old Slang, Eng.] Nares.
To strike at, to aim a blow at. -- To strike for, to start suddenly on
a course for. -- To strike home, to give a blow which reaches its
object, to strike with effect. -- To strike in. (a) To enter suddenly.
(b) To disappear from the surface, with internal effects, as an
eruptive disease. (c) To come in suddenly; to interpose; to interrupt.
"I proposed the embassy of Constantinople for Mr. Henshaw, but my Lord
Winchelsea struck in." Evelyn. (d) To join in after another has
begun,as in singing. -- To strike in with, to conform to; to suit
itself to; to side with, to join with at once. "To assert this is to
strike in with the known enemies of God's grace." South. To strike
out. (a) To start; to wander; to make a sudden excursion; as, to
strike out into an irregular course of life. (b) To strike with full
force. (c) (Baseball) To be put out for not hitting the ball during
one's turn at the bat. -- To strike up, to commence to play as a
musician; to begin to sound, as an instrument. "Whilst any trump did
sound, or drum struck up." Shak.
Strike
Strike (?), n.
1. The act of striking.
2. An instrument with a straight edge for leveling a measure of grain,
salt, and the like, scraping off what is above the level of the top; a
strickle.
3. A bushel; four pecks. [Prov. Eng.] Tusser.
4. An old measure of four bushels. [Prov. Eng.]
5. Fullness of measure; hence, excellence of quality.
Three hogsheads of ale of the first strike. Sir W. Scott.
6. An iron pale or standard in a gate or fence. [Obs.]
7. The act of quitting work; specifically, such an act by a body of
workmen, done as a means of enforcing compliance with demands made on
their employer.
Strikes are the insurrections of labor. F. A. Walker.
8. (Iron Working) A puddler's stirrer.
9. (Geol.) The horizontal direction of the outcropping edges of tilted
rocks; or, the direction of a horizontal line supposed to be drawn on
the surface of a tilted stratum. It is at right angles to the dip.
10. The extortion of money, or the attempt to extort money, by threat
of injury; blackmailing.
Strike block (Carp.), a plane shorter than a jointer, used for fitting
a short joint. Moxon. -- Strike of flax, a handful that may be hackled
at once. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer. -- Strike of sugar. (Sugar
Making) (a) The act of emptying the teache, or last boiler, in which
the cane juice is exposed to heat, into the coolers. (b) The quantity
of the sirup thus emptied at once.
Striker
Strik"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, strikes; specifically, a blacksmith's
helper who wieds the sledge.
2. A harpoon; also, a harpooner.
Wherever we come to an anchor, we always send out our strikers, and
put out hooks and lines overboard, to try fish. Dampier.
3. A wencher; a lewd man. [Obs.] Massinger.
4. A workman who is on a strike.
5. A blackmailer in politics; also, one whose political influence can
be bought. [Political Cant]
Striking
Strik"ing, a. & n. from Strike, v. Striking distance, the distance
through which an object can be reached by striking; the distance at
which a force is effective when directed to a particular object.<--
the distance which can be covered in one easy leg of a journey. --> --
Striking plate. (a) The plate against which the latch of a door lock
strikes as the door is closed. (b) A part of the centering of an arch,
which is driven back to loosen the centering in striking it.
Striking
Strik"ing, a. Affecting with strong emotions; surprising; forcible;
impressive; very noticeable; as, a striking representation or image; a
striking resemblance. "A striking fact." De Quincey. -- Strik"ing*ly,
adv. -- Strik"ing*ness, n.
Strikle
Strik"le (?), n. See Strickle.
String
String (?), n. [OE. string, streng, AS. streng; akin to D. streng, G.
strang, Icel. strengr, Sw. str\'84ng, Dan. str\'91ng; probably from
the adj., E. strong (see Strong); or perhaps originally meaning,
twisted, and akin to E. strangle.]
1. A small cord, a line, a twine, or a slender strip of leather, or
other substance, used for binding together, fastening, or tying
things; a cord, larger than a thread and smaller than a rope; as, a
shoe string; a bonnet string; a silken string. Shak.
Round Ormond's knee thou tiest the mystic string. Prior.
2. A thread or cord on which a number of objects or parts are strung
or arranged in close and orderly succession; hence, a line or series
of things arranged on a thread, or as if so arranged; a succession; a
concatenation; a chain; as, a string of shells or beads; a string of
dried apples; a string of houses; a string of arguments. "A string of
islands." Gibbon.
3. A strip, as of leather, by which the covers of a book are held
together. Milton.
4. The cord of a musical instrument, as of a piano, harp, or violin;
specifically (pl.), the stringed instruments of an orchestra, in
distinction from the wind instruments; as, the strings took up the
theme. "An instrument of ten strings." Ps. xxx. iii. 2.
Me softer airs befit, and softer strings Of lute, or viol still.
Milton.
5. The line or cord of a bow. Ps. xi. 2.
He twangs the grieving string. Pope.
6. A fiber, as of a plant; a little, fibrous root.
Duckweed putteth forth a little string into the water, from the
bottom. Bacon.
7. A nerve or tendon of an animal body.
The string of his tongue was loosed. Mark vii. 35.
8. (Shipbuilding) An inside range of ceiling planks, corresponding to
the sheer strake on the outside and bolted to it.
9. (Bot.) The tough fibrous substance that unites the valves of the
pericap of leguminous plants, and which is readily pulled off; as, the
strings of beans.
10. (Mining) A small, filamentous ramification of a metallic vein.
Ure.
11. (Arch.) Same as Stringcourse.
12. (Billiards) The points made in a game.
String band (Mus.), a band of musicians using only, or chiefly,
stringed instruments. -- String beans. (a) A dish prepared from the
unripe pods of several kinds of beans; -- so called because the
strings are stripped off. (b) Any kind of beans in which the pods are
used for cooking before the seeds are ripe; usually, the low bush
bean. -- To have two strings to one's bow, to have a means or
expedient in reserve in case the one employed fails. <-- = to have
other strings in one's bow -->
String
String (?), v. t. [imp. Strung (?); p. p. Strung (R. Stringed (?)); p.
pr. & vb. n. Stringing.]
1. To furnish with strings; as, to string a violin.
Has not wise nature strung the legs and feet With firmest nerves,
designed to walk the street? Gay.
2. To put in tune the strings of, as a stringed instrument, in order
to play upon it.
For here the Muse so oft her harp has strung, That not a mountain
rears its head unsung. Addison.
3. To put on a string; to file; as, to string beads.
4. To make tense; to strengthen.
Toil strung the nerves, and purified the blood. Dryden.
5. To deprive of strings; to strip the strings from; as, to string
beans. See String, n., 9.
Stringboard
String"board` (?), n. Same as Stringpiece.
Stringcource
String"cource` (?), n. (Arch.) A horizontal band in a building,
forming a part of the design, whether molded, projecting, or carved,
or in any way distinguished from the rest of the work.
Stringed
Stringed (?), a.
1. Having strings; as, a stringed instrument. Ps. cl. 4.
2. Produced by strings. "Answering the stringed noise." Milton.
Stringency
Strin"gen*cy (?), n. The quality or state of being stringent.
Stringendo
Strin"gen*do (?), a. [It.] (Mus.) Urging or hastening the time, as to
a climax.
Stringent
Strin"gent (?), a. [L. stringens, -entis, p.pr. of stringere to draw
or bind tight. See Strain.] Binding strongly; making strict
requirements; restrictive; rigid; severe; as, stringent rules.
They must be subject to a sharper penal code, and to a more
stringent code of procedure. Macaulay.
-- Strin"gent*ly, adv. -- Strin"gent*ness, n.
Stringer
String"er (?), n.
1. One who strings; one who makes or provides strings, especially for
bows.
Be content to put your trust in honest stringers. Ascham.
2. A libertine; a wencher. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
3. (Railroad) A longitudinal sleeper.
4. (Shipbuilding) A streak of planking carried round the inside of a
vessel on the under side of the beams.
5. (Carp.) A long horizontal timber to connect uprights in a frame, or
to support a floor or the like.
Stringhalt
String"halt` (?), n. (Far.) An habitual sudden twitching of the hinder
leg of a horse, or an involuntary or convulsive contraction of the
muscles that raise the hock. [Written also springhalt.]
Stringiness
String"i*ness (?), n. Quality of being stringy.
Stringless
String"less, a. Having no strings.
His tongue is now a stringless instrument. Shak.
Stringpiece
String"piece` (?), n. (Arch.) (a) A long piece of timber, forming a
margin or edge of any piece of construction; esp.: (b) One of the
longitudinal pieces, supporting the treads and rises of a flight or
run of stairs.
Stringy
String"y (?), a.
1. Consisting of strings, or small threads; fibrous; filamentous; as,
a stringy root.
2. Capable of being drawn into a string, as a glutinous substance;
ropy; viscid; gluely.
Stringy bark (Bot.), a name given in Australia to several trees of the
genus Eucalyptus (as E. amygdalina, obliqua, capitellata,
macrorhyncha, piperita, pilularis, AND tetradonta), which have a
fibrous bark used by the aborigines for making cordage and cloth.
Strip
Strip (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stripped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stripping.] [OE. stripen, strepen, AS. str in bestr to plunder; akin
to D. stroopen, MHG. stroufen, G. streifen.]
1. To deprive; to bereave; to make destitute; to plunder; especially,
to deprive of a covering; to skin; to peel; as, to strip a man of his
possession, his rights, his privileges, his reputation; to strip one
of his clothes; to strip a beast of his skin; to strip a tree of its
bark.
And strippen her out of her rude array. Chaucer.
They stripped Joseph out of his coat. Gen. xxxvii. 23.
Opinions which . . . no clergyman could have avowed without
imminent risk of being stripped of his gown. Macaulay.
2. To divest of clothing; to uncover.
Before the folk herself strippeth she. Chaucer.
Strip your sword stark naked. Shak.
3. (Naut.) To dismantle; as, to strip a ship of rigging, spars, etc.
4. (Agric.) To pare off the surface of, as land, in strips.
5. To deprive of all milk; to milk dry; to draw the last milk from;
hence, to milk with a peculiar movement of the hand on the teats at
the last of a milking; as, to strip a cow.
6. To pass; to get clear of; to outstrip. [Obs.]
When first they stripped the Malean promontory. Chapman.
Before he reached it he was out of breath, And then the other
stripped him. Beau. & Fl.
7. To pull or tear off, as a covering; to remove; to wrest away; as,
to strip the skin from a beast; to strip the bark from a tree; to
strip the clothes from a man's back; to strip away all disguisses.
To strip bad habits from a corrupted heart, is stripping off the
skin. Gilpin.
8. (Mach.) (a) To tear off (the thread) from a bolt or nut; as, the
thread is stripped. (b) To tear off the thread from (a bolt or nut);
as, the bolt is stripped.
9. To remove the metal coating from (a plated article), as by acids or
electrolytic action.
10. (Carding) To remove fiber, flock, or lint from; -- said of the
teeth of a card when it becomes partly clogged.
11. To pick the cured leaves from the stalks of (tobacco) and tie them
into "hands"; to remove the midrib from (tobacco leaves). <-- strip
mine. A mine in which the unwanted layers (called the overburdewn)
above the desirable ore is stripped, i.e. removed by excavation,
leaving a pit in which the ore is exposed; in contrast with mines in
which the ore is accessed and removed through a shaft or tunnel,
without removing the layers of earth above it. --> <-- striptease, an
act in which a performer (usu. female) removes her clothing piece by
piece; -- often performed to musical accompaniment. It was popular in
burlesque theaters. -->
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Page 1427
Strip
Strip (?), v. i.
1. To take off, or become divested of, clothes or covering; to
undress.
2. (Mach.) To fail in the thread; to lose the thread, as a bolt,
screw, or nut. See Strip, v. t., 8.
Strip
Strip, n.
1. A narrow piece, or one comparatively long; as, a strip of cloth; a
strip of land.
2. (Mining) A trough for washing ore.
3. (Gunnery) The issuing of a projectile from a rifled gun without
acquiring the spiral motion. Farrow.
Stripe
Stripe (?), n. [OD. strijpe a stripe, streak; akin to LG. stripe, D.
streep, Dan. stribe, G. strief, striefen, MHG. striefen to glide,
march.]
1. A line, or long, narrow division of anything of a different color
or structure from the ground; hence, any linear variation of color or
structure; as, a stripe, or streak, of red on a green ground; a raised
stripe.
2. (Weaving) A pattern produced by arranging the warp threads in sets
of alternating colors, or in sets presenting some other contrast of
appearance.
3. A strip, or long, narrow piece attached to something of a different
color; as, a red or blue stripe sewed upon a garment.
4. A stroke or blow made with a whip, rod, scourge, or the like, such
as usually leaves a mark.
Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed. Deut. xxv. 3.
5. A long, narrow discoloration of the skin made by the blow of a
lash, rod, or the like.
Cruelty marked him with inglorious stripes. Thomson.
6. Color indicating a party or faction; hence, distinguishing
characteristic; sign; likeness; sort; as, persons of the same
political stripe. [Colloq. U.S.]
7. pl. (Mil.) The chevron on the coat of a noncommissioned officer.
Stars and Stripes. See under Star, n. <-- To earn one's stripes, to
acquire recognized credentials by competent performance at a germane
task. -->
Stripe
Stripe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Striped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Striping.]
1. To make stripes upon; to form with lines of different colors or
textures; to variegate with stripes.
2. To strike; to lash. [R.]
Striped
Striped (?), a. Having stripes of different colors; streaked. Striped
bass. (Zo\'94l.) See under Bass. -- Striped maple (Bot.), a slender
American tree (Acer Pennsylvanicum) with finely striped bark. Called
also striped dogwood, and moosewood. -- Striped mullet. (Zo\'94l.) See
under Mullet, 2. -- Striped snake (Zo\'94l.), the garter snake. --
Striped squirrel (Zo\'94l.), the chipmunk.
Strip-leaf
Strip"-leaf` (?), n. Tobacco which has been stripped of its stalks
before packing.
Stripling
Strip"ling (?), n. [Dim. of strip; as if a small strip from the main
stock or steam.] A youth in the state of adolescence, or just passing
from boyhood to manhood; a lad.
Inquire thou whose son the stripling is. 1 Sam. xvii. 56.
Stripper
Strip"per (?), n. One who, or that which, strips; specifically, a
machine for stripping cards.
Strippet
Strip"pet (?), n. [Dim. of strip.] A small stream. [Obs.] "A little
brook or strippet." Holinshed.
Stripping
Strip"ping (?), n.
1. The act of one who strips.
The mutual bows and courtesies . . . are remants of the original
prostrations and strippings of the captive. H. Spencer.
Never were cows that required such stripping. Mrs. Gaskell.
2. pl. The last milk drawn from a cow at a milking.
Strisores
Stri*so"res (?), n. pl. [NL.; cf. L. stridere to creak, whiz, buzz.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of passerine birds including the humming birds,
swifts, and goatsuckers. It is now generally considered an artificial
group.
Strive
Strive (?), v. i. [imp. Strove (?); p. p. Striven (?) (Rarely,
Strove); p. pr. & vb. n. Striving.] [OF. estriver; of Teutonic origin,
and akin to G. streben, D. streven, Dan. str\'91be, Sw. str\'84fva.
Cf. Strife.]
1. To make efforts; to use exertions; to endeavor with earnestness; to
labor hard.
Was for this his ambition strove To equal C\'91sar first, and
after, Jove? Cowley.
2. To struggle in opposition; to be in contention or dispute; to
contend; to contest; -- followed by against or with before the person
or thing opposed; as, strive against temptation; strive for the truth.
Chaucer.
My Spirit shall not always strive with man. Gen. vi. 3.
Why dost thou strive against him? Job xxxiii. 13.
Now private pity strove with public hate, Reason with rage, and
eloquence with fate. Denham.
3. To vie; to compete; to be a rival. Chaucer.
[Not] that sweet grove Of Daphne, by Orontes and the inspired
Castalian spring, might with this paradise Of Eden strive. Milton.
Syn. -- To contend; vie; struggle; endeavor; aim.
Strive
Strive, n.
1. An effort; a striving. [R.] Chapman.
2. Strife; contention. [Obs.] Wyclif (luke xxi. 9).
Strived
Strived (?), obs. p. p. of Strive. Striven.
Yea, so have I strived to preach the gospel. Rom. xv. 20.
Striven
Striv"en (?), p. p. of Strive.
Striver
Striv"er (?), n. One who strives.
Striving
Striv"ing (?), a. & n. from Strive. -- Striv"ing*ly, adv.
Strix
Strix (?), n. [L. strix, strigis.] (Arch.) One of the flutings of a
column.
Stroam
Stroam (?), v. i. [Prov. E. strome to walk with long strides.]
1. To wander about idly and vacantly. [Obs.]
2. To take long strides in walking. [Prov. Eng.]
Strobila
Stro*bi"la (?), n.; pl. Strobil\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a)
A form of the larva of certain Discophora in a state of development
succeeding the scyphistoma. The body of the strobila becomes
elongated, and subdivides transversely into a series of lobate
segments which eventually become ephyr\'91, or young medus\'91. (b) A
mature tapeworm.
Strobilaceous
Strob`i*la"ceous (?), a. [See Strobila.] (Bot.) (a) Of or pertaining
to a strobile or cone. (b) Producing strobiles.
Strobilation
Strob`i*la"tion (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The act or phenomenon of
spontaneously dividing transversely, as do certain species of annelids
and helminths; transverse fission. See Illust. under Syllidian.
Strobile
Strob"ile (?), n. [L. strobilus a pine cone, Gr. strobole.] [Written
also strobil.]
1. (Bot.) A scaly multiple fruit resulting from the ripening of an
ament in certain plants, as the hop or pine; a cone. See Cone, n., 3.
2. (Biol.) An individual asexually producing sexual individuals
differing from itself also in other respects, as the tapeworm, -- one
of the forms that occur in metagenesis.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Strobila.
Strobiliform
Stro*bil"i*form (?), a. Shaped like a strobile.
Strobiline
Strob"i*line (?), a. Of or pertaining to a strobile; strobilaceous;
strobiliform; as, strobiline fruits.
Stroboscope
Strob"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.]
1. An instrument for studying or observing the successive phases of a
periodic or varying motion by means of light which is periodically
interrupted.
2. An optical toy similar to the phenakistoscope. See Phenakistoscope.
Strockle
Stroc"kle (?), n. (Glass Manuf.) A shovel with a turned-up edge, for
frit, sand, etc. [Written also strocal, strocle, strokal.]
Strode
Strode (?), n. See Strude. [Obs.]
Strode
Strode, imp. of Stride.
Stroke
Stroke (?), obs. imp. of Strike. Struck.
Stroke
Stroke, n. [OE. strok, strook, strak, fr. striken. See Strike, v. t.]
1. The act of striking; a blow; a hit; a knock; esp., a violent or
hostile attack made with the arm or hand, or with an instrument or
weapon.
His hand fetcheth a stroke with the ax to cut down the tree. Deut.
xix. 5.
A fool's lips enter into contention and his mouth calleth for
strokes. Prov. xviii. 6.
He entered and won the whole kingdom of Naples without striking a
stroke. Bacon.
2. The result of effect of a striking; injury or affliction; soreness.
In the day that Lord bindeth up the breach of his people, and
healeth the stroke of their wound. Isa. xxx. 26.
3. The striking of the clock to tell the hour.
Well, but what's o'clock? - Upon the stroke of ten. -- Well, let is
strike. Shak.
4. A gentle, caressing touch or movement upon something; a stroking.
Dryden.
5. A mark or dash in writing or printing; a line; the touch of a pen
or pencil; as, an up stroke; a firm stroke.
O, lasting as those colors may they shine, Free as thy stroke, yet
faultless as thy line. Pope.
6. Hence, by extension, an addition or amandment to a written
composition; a touch; as, to give some finishing strokes to an essay.
Addison.
7. A sudden attack of disease; especially, a fatal attack; a severe
disaster; any affliction or calamity, especially a sudden one; as, a
stroke of apoplexy; the stroke of death.
At this one stroke the man looked dead in law. Harte.
8. A throb or beat, as of the heart. Tennyson.
9. One of a series of beats or movements against a resisting medium,
by means of which movement through or upon it is accomplished; as, the
stroke of a bird's wing in flying, or an oar in rowing, of a skater,
swimmer, etc.; also: (Rowing) (a) The rate of succession of stroke;
as, a quick stroke. (b) The oar nearest the stern of a boat, by which
the other oars are guided; -- called also stroke oar. (c) The rower
who pulls the stroke oar; the strokesman.
10. A powerful or sudden effort by which something is done, produced,
or accomplished; also, something done or accomplished by such an
effort; as, a stroke of genius; a stroke of business; a master stroke
of policy.
11. (Mach.) The movement, in either direction, of the piston plunger,
piston rod, crosshead, etc., as of a steam engine or a pump, in which
these parts have a reciprocating motion; as, the forward stroke of a
piston; also, the entire distance passed through, as by a piston, in
such a movement; as, the piston is at half stroke.
NOTE: &hand; Th e re spective st rokes ar e distinguished as up and
down strokes, outward and inward strokes, forward and back strokes,
the forward stroke in stationary steam engines being toward the
crosshead, but in locomotives toward the front of the vehicle.
12. Power; influence. [Obs.] "Where money beareth [hath] all the
stroke." Robynson (More's Utopia).
He has a great stroke with the reader. Dryden.
13. Appetite. [Obs.] Swift.
To keep stroke, to make strokes in unison.
The oars where silver, Which to the tune of flutes kept stroke.
Shak.
Stroke
Stroke (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strokeed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Strokeing.] [OE. stroken, straken, AS. str\'becian, fr. str\'c6can to
go over, pass. See Strike, v. t., and cf. Straggle.]
1. To strike. [Obs.]
Ye mote with the plat sword again Stroken him in the wound, and it
will close. Chaucer.
2. To rib gently in one direction; especially, to pass the hand gently
over by way of expressing kindness or tenderness; to caress; to
soothe.
He dried the falling drops, and, yet more kind, He stroked her
cheeks. Dryden.
3. To make smooth by rubbing. Longfellow.
4. (Masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to.
5. To row the stroke oar of; as, to stroke a boat.
Stroker
Strok"er (?), n. One who strokes; also, one who pretends to cure by
stroking.
Cures worked by Greatrix the stroker. Bp. Warburton.
Strokesman
Strokes"man (?), n.; pl. Strokesman (. (Rowing) The man who rows the
aftermost oar, and whose stroke is to be followed by the rest. Totten.
Stroking
Strok"ing (?), n.
1. The act of rubbing gently with the hand, or of smoothing; a stroke.
I doubt not with one gentle stroking to wipe away ten thousand
tears. Milton.
2. (Needlework) The act of laying small gathers in cloth in regular
order.
3. pl. See Stripping, 2. Smollett.
Stroll
Stroll (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Strolled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Strolling.] [Cf. Dan. stryge to stroll, Sw. stryka to stroke, to
ramble, dial. Sw. strykel one who strolls about, Icel. strj to stroke,
D. struikelen to stumble, G. straucheln. Cf. Struggle.] To wander on
foot; to ramble idly or leisurely; to rove.
These mothers stroll to beg sustenance for their helpless infants.
Swift.
Syn. -- To rove; roam; range; stray.
Stroll
Stroll, n. A wandering on foot; an idle and leisurely walk; a ramble.
Stroller
Stroll"er (?), n. One who strolls; a vagrant.
Stroma
Stro"ma (?), n.; pl. Stromata (#). [L., a bed covering, Gr.
1. (Anat.) (a) The connective tissue or supporting framework of an
organ; as, the stroma of the kidney. (b) The spongy, colorless
framework of a red blood corpuscle or other cell.
2. (Bot.) A layer or mass of cellular tissue, especially that part of
the thallus of certain fungi which incloses the perithecia.
Stromatic
Stro*mat"ic (?), a. [Gr. miscellaneous writings, fr. Miscellaneous;
composed of different kinds.
Stromatology
Stro`ma*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] (Geol.) The history of the
formation of stratified rocks.
Stromb
Stromb (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any marine univalve mollusk of the genus
Strombus and allied genera. See Conch, and Strombus.
Strombite
Strom"bite (?), n. (Paleon.) A fossil shell of the genus Strombus.
Stromboid
Strom"boid (?), a. [Strombus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of, pertaining to, or
like, Strombus.
Strombuliform
Strom*bu"li*form (?), a. [NL. strombulus, dim. of strombus + -form.
See Strombus.]
1. (Geol.) Formed or shaped like a top.
2. (Bot.) Coiled into the shape of a screw or a helix.
Strombus
Strom"bus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine gastropods
in which the shell has the outer lip dilated into a broad wing. It
includes many large and handsome species commonly called conch shells,
or conchs. See Conch.
Stromeyerite
Stro"mey`er*ite (?), n. [So named from the German chemist Friedrich
Stromeyer.] (Min.) A steel-gray mineral of metallic luster. It is a
sulphide of silver and copper.
Strond
Strond (?), n. Strand; beach. [Obs.] Shak.
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Page 1428
Strong
Strong (?), a. [Compar. Stronger (?); superl. Strongest (?).] [AS.
strang, strong; akin to D. & G. streng strict, rigorous, OHG. strengi
strong, brave, harsh, Icel. strangr strong, severe, Dan. streng, Sw.
str\'84ng strict, severe. Cf. Strength, Stretch, String.]
1. Having active physical power, or great physical power to act;
having a power of exerting great bodily force; vigorous.
That our oxen may be strong to labor. Ps. cxliv. 14.
Orses the strong to greater strength must yield. Dryden.
2. Having passive physical power; having ability to bear or endure;
firm; hale; sound; robust; as, a strong constitution; strong health.
3. Solid; tough; not easily broken or injured; able to withstand
violence; able to sustain attacks; not easily subdued or taken; as, a
strong beam; a strong rock; a strong fortress or town.
4. Having great military or naval force; powerful; as, a strong army
or fleet; a nation strong at sea.
5. Having great wealth, means, or resources; as, a strong house, or
company of merchants.
6. Reaching a certain degree or limit in respect to strength or
numbers; as, an army ten thousand strong.
7. Moving with rapidity or force; violent; forcible; impetuous; as, a
strong current of water or wind; the wind was strong from the
northeast; a strong tide.
8. Adapted to make a deep or effectual impression on the mind or
imagination; striking or superior of the kind; powerful; forcible;
cogent; as, a strong argument; strong reasons; strong evidence; a
strong example; strong language.
9. Ardent; eager; zealous; earnestly engaged; as, a strong partisan; a
strong Whig or Tory.
Her mother, ever strong against that match. Shak.
10. Having virtues of great efficacy; or, having a particular quality
in a great degree; as, a strong powder or tincture; a strong
decoction; strong tea or coffee.
11. Full of spirit; containing a large proportion of alcohol;
intoxicating; as, strong liquors.
12. Affecting any sense powerfully; as, strong light, colors, etc.; a
strong flavor of onions; a strong scent.
13. Solid; nourishing; as, strong meat. Heb. v. 12.
14. Well established; firm; not easily overthrown or altered; as, a
strong custom; a strong belief.
15. Violent; vehement; earnest; ardent.
He had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and
tears. Heb. v. 7.
16. Having great force, vigor, power, or the like, as the mind,
intellect, or any faculty; as, a man of a strong mind, memory,
judgment, or imagination.
I was stronger in prophecy than in criticism. Dryden.
17. Vigorous; effective; forcible; powerful.
Like her sweet voice is thy harmonious song, As high, as sweet, as
easy, and as strong. E. Smith.
18. (Stock Exchange) Tending to higher prices; rising; as, a strong
market.
19. (Gram.) (a) Pertaining to, or designating, a verb which forms its
preterit (imperfect) by a variation in the root vowel, and the past
participle (usually) by the addition of -en (with or without a change
of the root vowel); as in the verbs strive, strove, striven; break,
broke, broken; drink, drank, drunk. Opposed to weak, or regular. See
Weak. (b) Applied to forms in Anglo-Saxon, etc., which retain the old
declensional endings. In the Teutonic languages the vowel stems have
held the original endings most firmly, and are called strong; the
stems in -n are called weak other constant stems conform, or are
irregular. F. A. March.
Strong conjugation (Gram.), the conjugation of a strong verb; --
called also old, OR irregular, conjugation, and distinguished from the
weak, OR regular, conjugation.
NOTE: &hand; St rong is of ten us ed in th e fo rmation of
self-explaining compounds; as, strong-backed, strong-based,
strong-bodied, strong-colored, strong-fisted, strong-handed,
strong-ribbed, strong-smelling, strong-voiced, etc.
Syn. -- Vigorous; powerful; stout; solid; firm; hardy; muscular;
forcible; cogent; valid. See Robust.
Stronghand
Strong"hand` (?), n. Violence; force; power.
It was their meaning to take what they needed by stronghand. Sir W.
Raleigh.
Stronghold
Strong"hold` (?), n. A fastness; a fort or fortress; fortfield place;
a place of security.
Strongish
Strong"ish, a. Somewhat strong.
Strongly
Strong"ly, adv. In a strong manner; so as to be strong in action or in
resistance; with strength; with great force; forcibly; powerfully;
firmly; vehemently; as, a town strongly fortified; he objected
strongly.
Strong-minded
Strong"-mind`ed (?), a. Having a vigorous mind; esp., having or
affecting masculine qualities of mind; -- said of women. --
Strong"-mind`ed*ness, n.
Strong-water
Strong"-wa`ter (?), n.
1. An acid. [Obs.]
2. Distilled or ardent spirits; intoxicating liquor.
Strongylid
Stron"gy*lid (?), a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Strongyloid.
Strongyloid
Stron"gy*loid (?), a. [NL. Strongylus the genus (from Gr. -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Like, or pertaining to, Strongylus, a genus of parasitic
nematode worms of which many species infest domestic animals. Some of
the species, especially those living in the kidneys, lungs, and
bronchial tubes, are often very injurious. -- n. A strongyloid worm.
Strontia
Stron"ti*a (?), n. [NL. strontia, fr. Strontian, in Argyleshire,
Scotland, where strontianite was first found.] (Chem.) An earth of a
white color resembling lime in appearance, and baryta in many of its
properties. It is an oxide of the metal strontium.
Strontian
Stron"ti*an (?), n. (Min.) Strontia.
Strontianite
Stron"ti*an*ite (?), n. (Min.) Strontium carbonate, a mineral of a
white, greenish, or yellowish color, usually occurring in fibrous
massive forms, but sometimes in prismatic crystals.
Strontic
Stron"tic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to strontium; containing,
or designating the compounds of, strontium.
Strontitic
Stron*tit"ic (?), a. Strontic.
Strontium
Stron"ti*um (?), n. [NL. See Strontia.] (Chem.) A metallic element of
the calcium group, always naturally occurring combined, as in the
minerals strontianite, celestite, etc. It is isolated as a yellowish
metal, somewhat malleable but harder than calcium. It is chiefly
employed (as in the nitrate) to color pyrotechnic flames red. Symbol
Sr. Atomic weight 87.3. <-- Strontium-90. A radioactive isotope of
strontium produced by certain nuclear reactions, and constituting one
of the prominent harmful components of radioactive fallout from
nuclear explosions; also called radiostrontium. It has a half-life of
28 years. -->
Strook
Strook (?), obs. imp. of Strike. Dryden.
Strook
Strook, n. A stroke. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Stroot
Stroot (?), v. t. [Cf. Strut, v. i.] To swell out; to strut. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Strop
Strop (?), n. [See Strap.] A strap; specifically, same as Strap, 3.
Strop
Strop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stropped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stropping.]
To draw over, or rub upon, a strop with a view to sharpen; as, to
strop a razor.
Strop
Strop, n. [Cf. F. estrope, \'82trope, fr. L. struppus. See Strop a
strap.] (Naut.) A piece of rope spliced into a circular wreath, and
put round a block for hanging it.
Strophanthus
Stro*phan"thus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Bot.) A genus of tropical
apocynaceous shrubs having singularly twisted flowers. One species
(Strophanthus hispidus) is used medicinally as a cardiac sedative and
stimulant.
Strophe
Stro"phe (?), n.; pl. Strophes (#). [NL., from Gr. strap.] In Greek
choruses and dances, the movement of the chorus while turning from the
right to the left of the orchestra; hence, the strain, or part of the
choral ode, sung during this movement. Also sometimes used of a stanza
of modern verse. See the Note under Antistrophe.
Strophic
Stroph"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of,
strophes.
Strophiolate, Strophiolated
Stro"phi*o*late (?), Stro"phi*o*la`ted (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with a
strophiole, or caruncle, or that which resembles it. Gray.
Strophiole
Stro"phi*ole (?), n. [L. strophiolum a little chaplet, dim. of
strophium a band, Gr. strophiole.] (Bot.) A crestlike excrescence
about the hilum of certain seeds; a caruncle.
Strophulus
Stroph"u*lus (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) See Red-gum, 1.
Stroud
Stroud (?), n. A kind of coarse blanket or garment used by the North
American Indians.
Strouding
Stroud"ing, n. Material for strouds; a kind of coarse cloth used in
trade with the North American Indians.
Strout
Strout (?), v. i. [See Strut.] To swell; to puff out; to project.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Strout
Strout, v. t. To cause to project or swell out; to enlarge affectedly;
to strut. [Obs.] Bacon.
Strove
Strove (?), imp. of Strive.
Strow
Strow (?), v. t. [imp. Strowed (?); p. p. Strown (?) OR Strowed.] Same
as Strew.
Thick as autumnal leaves that strow the brooks In Vallombrosa.
Milton.
A manner turbid . . . and strown with blemished. M. Arnold.
Strowl
Strowl (?), v. i. To stroll. [Obs.]
Strown
Strown (?), p. p. of Strow.
Stroy
Stroy (?), v. i. To destroy. [Obs.] Tusser.
Struck
Struck (?), imp. & p. p. of Strike. Struck jury (Law), a special jury,
composed of persons having special knowledge or qualifications,
selected by striking from the panel of jurors a certain number for
each party, leaving the number required by law to try the cause.
Strucken
Struck"en (?), obs. p. p. of Strike. Shak.
Structural
Struc"tur*al (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to structure; affecting structure; as, a
structural error.
2. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to organit structure; as, a structural
element or cell; the structural peculiarities of an animal or a plant.
Structural formula. (Chem.) See Rational formula, under Formula. <-- a
symbolic representation of the structure of one molecule of a chemical
compound, showing the attachments of the atoms to each other; it may
or may not depict the stereochemical relations of the bonds.
Distinguished from empirical formula. -->
Structure
Struc"ture (?), n. [L. structura, from struere, structum, to arrange,
build, construct; perhaps akin to E. strew: cf. F. structure. Cf.
Construe, Destroy, Instrument, Obstruct.]
1. The act of building; the practice of erecting buildings;
construction. [R.]
His son builds on, and never is content Till the last farthing is
in structure spent. J. Dryden, Jr.
2. Manner of building; form; make; construction.
Want of insight into the structure and constitution of the
terraqueous globe. Woodward.
3. Arrangement of parts, of organs, or of constituent particles, in a
substance or body; as, the structure of a rock or a mineral; the
structure of a sentence.
It [basalt] has often a prismatic structure. Dana.
4. (Biol.) Manner of organization; the arrangement of the different
tissues or parts of animal and vegetable organisms; as, organic
structure, or the structure of animals and plants; cellular structure.
5. That which is built; a building; esp., a building of some size or
magnificence; an edifice.
There stands a structure of majestic frame. Pope.
Columnar structure. See under Columnar.
Structured
Struc"tured (?), a. (Biol.) Having a definite organic structure;
showing differentiation of parts.
The passage from a structureless state to a structured state is
itself a vital process. H. Spencer.
Structureless
Struc"ture*less (?), a. Without a definite structure, or arrangement
of parts; without organization; devoid of cells; homogeneous; as, a
structureless membrane.
Structurist
Struc"tur*ist (?), n. One who forms structures; a builder; a
constructor. [R.]
Strude
Strude (?), n. A stock of breeding mares. [Written also strode.]
[Obs.] Bailey.
Struggle
Strug"gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Struggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Struggling (?).] [OE. strogelen; cf. Icel. strj to stroke, to beat, to
flog, Sw. stryka to stroke, to strike, Dan. stryge, G. straucheln to
stumble. Cf. Stroll.]
1. To strive, or to make efforts, with a twisting, or with contortions
of the body.
2. To use great efforts; to labor hard; to strive; to contend
forcibly; as, to struggle to save one's life; to struggle with the
waves; to struggle with adversity.
The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have
consecrated it [Gettysburg] far above our power to add or detract.
Lincoln.
3. To labor in pain or anguish; to be in agony; to labor in any kind
of difficulty or distress.
'T is wisdom to beware, And better shun the bait than struggle in
the snare. Dryden.
Syn. -- To strive; contend; labor; endeavor.
Struggle
Strug"gle (?), n.
1. A violent effort or efforts with contortions of the body; agony;
distress.
2. Great labor; forcible effort to obtain an object, or to avert an
evil. Macaulay.
3. Contest; contention; strife.
An honest might look upon the struggle with indifference. Addison.
Syn. -- Endeavor; effort; contest; labor; difficulty.
Struggler
Strug"gler (?), n. One who struggles.
Strull
Strull (?), n. A bar so placed as to resist weight.
Strum
Strum (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Strummed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Strumming.] [Probably of imitative origin. Cf. Thrum.] To play on an
instrument of music, or as on an instrument, in an unskillful or noisy
way; to thrum; as, to strum a piano.
Struma
Stru"ma (?), n. [L., a scrofulous tumor.]
1. (Med.) Scrofula.
2. (Bot.) A cushionlike swelling on any organ; especially, that at the
base of the capsule in many mosses.
Strumatic
Stru*mat"ic (?), a. Scrofulous; strumous.
Strumose
Stru*mose" (?), a. [L. strumosus: cf. F. strumeux.]
1. (Med.) Strumous.
2. (Bot.) Having a struma.
Strumous
Stru"mous (?), a. (Med.) Scrofulous; having struma.
Strumousness
Stru"mous*ness, n. The state of being strumous.
Strumpet
Strum"pet (?), n. [OE. strumpet, strompet; cf. OF. stupe debauchery,
F. stupe, L. stuprare, stupratum, to debauch, stuprum debauchery,
Gael. & Ir. striopach a prostitute.] A prostitute; a harlot. Shak.
Strumpet
Strum"pet, a. Of or pertaining to a strumpet; characteristic of a
strumpet.
Out on thy more than strumpet impudence. B. Jonson.
Strumpet
Strum"pet, v. t.
1. To debauch. [Obs.] Shak.
2. To dishonor with the reputation of being a strumpet; hence, to
belie; to slander.
With his untrue reports, strumpet your fame. Massinger.
Strumstrum
Strum"strum (?), n. A rude musical instrument somewhat like a cittern.
[R.] Dampier.
Strung
Strung (?), imp. & p. p. of String.
Strunt
Strunt (?), n. Spirituous liquor. [Scot.] Burns.
Struntian
Strun"tian (?), n. A kind of worsted braid, about an inch broad.
[Scot.] Jamieson.
Struse
Struse (?), n. [Russ. strug'.] (Naut.) A Russian river craft used for
transporting freight.
Strut
Strut (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strutted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Strutting.] [OE. struten, strouten, to swell; akin to G. strozen to be
swelled, to be puffed up, to strut, Dan. strutte.]
1. To swell; to bulge out. [R.]
The bellying canvas strutted with the gale. Dryden.
2. To walk with a lofty, proud gait, and erect head; to walk with
affected dignity.
Does he not hold up his head, . . . and strut in his gait? Shak.
Strut
Strut, n. [For senses 2 & 3 cf. LG. strutt rigid.]
1. The act of strutting; a pompous step or walk.
2. (Arch.) In general, any piece of a frame which resists thrust or
pressure in the direction of its own length. See Brace, and Illust. of
Frame, and Roof.
3. (Engin.) Any part of a machine or structure, of which the principal
function is to hold things apart; a brace subjected to compressive
stress; -- the opposite of stay, and tie.
Strut
Strut, v. t. To hold apart. Cf. Strut, n., 3.
Strut
Strut, a. Protuberant. [Obs.] Holland.
Struthian
Stru"thi*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Struthious.
Struthio
Stru"thi*o (?), n.; pl. Struthiones (#). [L., an ostrich, fr. Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of birds including the African ostriches.
Struthioidea
Stru`thi*oi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Struthio, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
Same as Struthiones.
Struthiones
Stru`thi*o"nes (?), n. pl. [NL. See Struthio.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A
division, or order, of birds, including only the African ostriches.
(b) In a wider sense, an extensive group of birds including the
ostriches, cassowaries, emus, moas, and allied birds incapable of
flight. In this sense it is equivalent to Ratit\'91, or
Drom\'91ognath\'91.
Struthionine
Stru`thi*o"nine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Struthious.
Struthious
Stru"thi*ous (?), a. [L. struthius, strutheus.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or
pertaining to the Struthiones, or Ostrich tribe.
Strutter
Strut"ter (?), n. One who struts.
Strutting
Strut"ting, a. & n. from Strut, v. -- Strut"ting*ly, adv.
Struvite
Struv"ite (?), n. [After the Russian minister Von Struve.] (Min.) A
crystalline mineral found in guano. It is a hydrous phosphate of
magnesia and ammonia.
Strychnia
Strych"ni*a (?), n. [NL. See Strychnine.] (Chem.) Strychnine.
Strychnic
Strych"nic (?), a. Of or pertaining to strychnine; produced by
strychnine; as, strychnic compounds; strychnic poisoning; specifically
(Chem.), used to designate an acid, called also igasuric acid.
Strychnine
Strych"nine (?), n. [L. strychnos a kind of nightshade, Gr.
strychnine.] (Chem.) A very poisonous alkaloid resembling brucine,
obtained from various species of plants, especially from species of
Loganiace\'91, as from the seeds of the St. Ignatius bean (Strychnos
Ignatia) and from nux vomica. It is obtained as a white crystalline
substance, having a very bitter acrid taste, and is employed in
medicine (chiefly in the form of the sulphate) as a powerful neurotic
stimulant. Called also strychnia, and formerly strychnina.
Strychnos
Strych"nos (?), n. [L., a kind of nightshade, Gr. (Bot.) A genus of
tropical trees and shrubs of the order Loganiace\'91. See Nux vomica.
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Stryphnic
Stryph"nic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a
complex nitrogenous acid, obtained by the action of acetic acid and
potassium nitrite on uric acid, as a yellow crystalline substance,
with a bitter, astringent taste.
Stub
Stub (?), n. [OE. stubbe, AS. stub, styb; akin to D. stobbe, LG.
stubbe, Dan. stub, Sw. stubbe, Icel. stubbr, stubbi; cf. Gr.
1. The stump of a tree; that part of a tree or plant which remains
fixed in the earth when the stem is cut down; -- applied especially to
the stump of a small tree, or shrub.
Stubs sharp and hideous to behold. Chaucer.
And prickly stubs instead of trees are found. Dryden.
2. A log; a block; a blockhead. [Obs.] Milton.
3. The short blunt part of anything after larger part has been broken
off or used up; hence, anything short and thick; as, the stub of a
pencil, candle, or cigar.
4. A part of a leaf in a check book, after a check is torn out, on
which the number, amount, and destination of the check are usually
recorded.
5. A pen with a short, blunt nib.
6. A stub nail; an old horseshoe nail; also, stub iron.
Stub end (Mach.), the enlarged end of a connecting rod, to which the
strap is fastened. -- Stub iron, iron made from stub nails, or old
horseshoe nails, -- used in making gun barrels. -- Stub mortise
(Carp.), a mortise passing only partly through the timber in which it
is formed. -- Stub nail, an old horseshoe nail; a nail broken off;
also, a short, thick nail. -- Stub short, OR Stub shot (Lumber
Manuf.), the part of the end of a sawn log or plank which is beyond
the place where the saw kerf ends, and which retains the plank in
connection with the log, until it is split off. -- Stub twist,
material for a gun barrel, made of a spirally welded ribbon of steel
and stub iron combined.
Stub
Stub, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stubbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stubbing.]
1. To grub up by the roots; to extirpate; as, to stub up edible roots.
What stubbing, plowing, digging, and harrowing is to a piece of
land. Berkley.
2. To remove stubs from; as, to stub land.
3. To strike as the toes, against a stub, stone, or other fixed
object. [U. S.]
Stubbed
Stub"bed (?), a.
1. Reduced to a stub; short and thick, like something truncated;
blunt; obtuse.
2. Abounding in stubs; stubby.
A bit of stubbed ground, once a wood. R. Browning.
3. Not nice or delicate; hardy; rugged. "Stubbed, vulgar
constitutions." Berkley.
Stubbedness
Stub"bed*ness, n. The quality or state of being stubbed.
Stubbiness
Stub"bi*ness (?), n. The state of being stubby.
Stubble
Stub"ble (?), n. [OE. stobil, stoble, OF. estouble, estuble, F.
\'82tuele, LL. stupla, stupula, L. stipula stubble, stalk; cf. D. & G.
stopped, OHG. stupfila. Cf. Stipule.] The stumps of wheat, rye,
barley, oats, or buckwheat, left in the ground; the part of the stalk
left by the scythe or sickle. "After the first crop is off, they plow
in the wheast stubble." Mortimer. Stubble goose (Zo\'94l.), the
graylag goose. [Prov. Eng.] Chaucer. -- Stubble rake, a rake with long
teeth for gleaning in stubble.
Stubbled
Stub"bled (?), a.
1. Covered with stubble.
A crow was strutting o'er the stubbled plain. Gay.
2. Stubbed; as, stubbled legs. [Obs.] Skelton.
Stubbly
Stub"bly, a. Covered with stubble; stubbled.
Stubborn
Stub"born (?), a. [OE. stoburn, stiborn; probably fr. AS. styb a stub.
See Stub.] Firm as a stub or stump; stiff; unbending; unyielding;
persistent; hence, unreasonably obstinate in will or opinion; not
yielding to reason or persuasion; refractory; harsh; -- said of
persons and things; as, stubborn wills; stubborn ore; a stubborn oak;
as stubborn as a mule. "Bow, stubborn knees." Shak. "Stubborn
attention and more than common application." Locke. "Stubborn Stoics."
Swift.
And I was young and full of ragerie [wantonness] Stubborn and
strong, and jolly as a pie. Chaucer.
These heretics be so stiff and stubborn. Sir T. More.
Your stubborn usage of the pope. Shak.
Syn. -- Obstinate; inflexible; obdurate; headstrong; stiff; hardy;
firm; refractory; intractable; rugged; contumacious; heady. --
Stubborn, Obstinate. Obstinate is used of either active or passive
persistence in one's views or conduct, in spite of the wishes of
others. Stubborn describes an extreme degree of passive obstinacy. --
Stub"born*ly, adv. -- Stub"born*ness, n.
Stubby
Stub"by (?), a.
1. Abounding with stubs.
2. Short and thick; short and strong, as bristles.
Stucco
Stuc"co (?), n.; pl. Stuccoes (#), Stuccos. [It., fr. OHG. stucchi a
crust, piece, G. st\'81ck piece; akin to AS. stycce. See Stock.]
1. Plaster of any kind used as a coating for walls, especially, a fine
plaster, composed of lime or gypsum with sand and pounded marble, used
for internal decorations and fine work.
2. Work made of stucco; stuccowork.
Stucco
Stuc"co, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stuccoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stuccoing
(?).] To overlay or decorate with stucco, or fine plaster.
Stuccoer
Stuc"co*er (?), n. One who stuccoes.
Stuccowork
Stuc"co*work` (?), n. Work done in stucco.
Stuck
Stuck (?), imp. & p. p. of Stick.
Stuck
Stuck, n. [Cf. 1st Stoccado.] A thrust. [Obs.] Shak.
Stuckle
Stuc"kle (?), n. [From Stook.] A number of sheaves set together in the
field; a stook.
Stuck-up
Stuck"-up` (?), a. Self-important and supercilious, [Colloq.]
The airs of small, stuck-up, men. A. K. H. Boyd.
Stud
Stud (?), n. [OE. stod, stood, AS. st\'d3d; akin to OHG. stuota, G.
stute a mare, Icel. st\'d3 stud, Lith. stodas a herd, Russ. stado, and
to E. stand. The sense is properly, a stand, an establishment.
\'fb163. See Stand, and cf. Steed.] A collection of breeding horses
and mares, or the place where they are kept; also, a number of horses
kept for a racing, riding, etc.
In the studs of Ireland, where care is taken, we see horses bred of
excellent shape, vigor, and size. Sir W. Temple.
He had the finest stud in England, and his delight was to win
plates from Tories. Macaulay.
Stud
Stud (?), n. [AS. studu a post; akin to Sw. st\'94d a prop, Icel. sto
a post, sty to prop, and probably ultimately to E. stand; cf. D. stut
a prop, G. st\'81tze. See Stand.]
1. A stem; a trunk. [Obs.]
Seest not this same hawthorn stud? Spenser.
2. (Arch.) An upright scanting, esp. one of the small uprights in the
framing for lath and plaster partitions, and furring, and upon which
the laths are nailed.
3. A kind of nail with a large head, used chiefly for ornament; an
ornamental knob; a boss.
A belt of straw and ivy buds, With coral clasps and amber studs.
Marlowe.
Crystal and myrrhine cups, embossed with gems And studs of pearl.
Milton.
4. An ornamental button of various forms, worn in a shirt front,
collar, wristband, or the like, not sewed in place, but inserted
through a buttonhole or eyelet, and transferable.
5. (Mach.) (a) A short rod or pin, fixed in and projecting from
something, and sometimes forming a journal. (b) A stud bolt.
6. An iron brace across the shorter diameter of the link of a chain
cable.
Stud bolt, a bolt with threads on both ends, to be screwed permanently
into a fixed part at one end and receive a nut upon the other; --
called also standing bolt.
Stud
Stud, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Studded (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Studding.]
1. To adorn with shining studs, or knobs.
Thy horses shall be trapped, Their harness studded all with gold
and pearl. Shak.
2. To set with detached ornaments or prominent objects; to set
thickly, as with studs.
The sloping sides and summits of our hills, and the extensive
plains that stretch before our view, are studded with substantial,
neat, and commodious dwellings of freemen. Bp. Hobart.
Studbook
Stud"book` (?), n. A genealogical register of a particular breed or
stud of horses, esp. thoroughbreds.
Studdery
Stud"der*y (?), n. A stud, or collection of breeding horses and mares;
also, a place for keeping a stud. [Obs.]
King Henry the Eighth erected a noble studdery. Holinshed.
Studding
Stud"ding (?), n. Material for studs, or joists; studs, or joists,
collectively; studs.
Studding sail
Stud"ding sail` (?). (Naut.) A light sail set at the side of a
principal or square sail of a vessel in free winds, to increase her
speed. Its head is bent to a small spar which is called the
studding-sail boom. See Illust. of Sail. Toten.
Student
Stu"dent (?), n. [L. studens, -entis, p.pr. of studere to study. See
Study, n.]
1. A person engaged in study; one who is devoted to learning; a
learner; a pupil; a scholar; especially, one who attends a school, or
who seeks knowledge from professional teachers or from books; as, the
students of an academy, a college, or a university; a medical student;
a hard student.
Keep a gamester from the dice, and a good student from his book.
Shak.
2. One who studies or examines in any manner; an attentive and
systematic observer; as, a student of human nature, or of physical
nature.
Studentry
Stu"dent*ry (?), n. A body of students. [R.]
Studentship
Stu"dent*ship, n. The state of being a student.
Studfish
Stud"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small
American minnows of the genus Fundulus, as F. catenatus.
Stud-horse
Stud"-horse` (?), n. [AS. st\'d3d-hors.] A stallion, esp. one kept for
breeding.
Studied
Stud"ied, a.
1. Closely examined; read with diligence and attention; made the
subject of study; well considered; as, a studied lesson.
2. Well versed in any branch of learning; qualified by study; learned;
as, a man well studied in geometry.
I shrewdly suspect that he is little studied of a theory of moral
proportions. Burke.
3. Premeditated; planned; designed; as, a studied insult. "Studied
magnificence." Hawthorne.
4. Intent; inclined. [Obs.] Shak.
Studiedly
Stud"ied*ly (?), adv. In a studied manner.
Studier
Stud"i*er (?), n. A student. [R.] W. Irving.
Lipsius was a great studier of the stoical philosophy. Tillotson.
Studio
Stu"di*o (?), n.; pl. Studios (#). [It. studio, properly, study. See
Study.] The working room of an artist.
Studious
Stu"di*ous (?), a. [L. studious: cf. F. studieux. See Study.]
1. Given to study; devoted to the acquisition of knowledge from books;
as, a studious scholar.
2. Given to thought, or to the examination of subjects by
contemplation; contemplative. Locke.
3. Earnest in endeavors; aiming sedulously; attentive; observant;
diligent; -- usually followed by an infinitive or by of; as, be
studious to please; studious to find new friends and allies.
You that are so studious Of my affairs, wholly neglect your own.
Massinger.
4. Planned with study; deliberate; studied.
For the frigid villainy of studious lewdness, . . . with apology
can be invented? Rambler.
5. Favorable to study; suitable for thought and contemplation; as, the
studious shade. [Poetic]
But let my due feet never fail To walk the studious cloister's
pale. Milton.
-- Stu"di*ous*ly, adv. -- Stu"di*ous*ness, n.
Study
Stud"y (?), n.; pl. Studies (#). [OE. studie, L. studium, akin to
studere to study; possibly akin to Gr. estudie, estude, F. \'82tude.
Cf. Etude, Student, Studio, Study, v. i.]
1. A setting of the mind or thoughts upon a subject; hence,
application of mind to books, arts, or science, or to any subject, for
the purpose of acquiring knowledge.
Hammond . . . spent thirteen hours of the day in study. Bp. Fell.
Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace. Sir W.
Temple.
2. Mental occupation; absorbed or thoughtful attention; meditation;
contemplation.
Just men they seemed, and all their study bent To worship God
aright, and know his works. Milton.
3. Any particular branch of learning that is studied; any object of
attentive consideration.
The Holy Scriptures, especially the New Testament, are her daily
study. Law.
The proper study of mankind is man. Pope.
4. A building or apartment devoted to study or to literary work. "His
cheery little study." Hawthorne.
5. (Fine Arts) A representation or rendering of any object or scene
intended, not for exhibition as an original work of art, but for the
information, instruction, or assistance of the maker; as, a study of
heads or of hands for a figure picture.
6. (Mus.) A piece for special practice. See Etude.
Study
Stud"y (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Studied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Studying
(?).] [OE. studien, OF. estudier, F. \'82tudier. See Study, n.]
1. To fix the mind closely upon a subject; to dwell upon anything in
thought; to muse; to ponder. Chaucer.
I found a moral first, and then studied for a fable. Swift.
2. To apply the mind to books or learning. Shak.
3. To endeavor diligently; to be zealous. 1 Thes. iv. 11.
Study
Stud"y, v. t.
1. To apply the mind to; to read and examine for the purpose of
learning and understanding; as, to study law or theology; to study
languages.
2. To consider attentively; to examine closely; as, to study the work
of nature.
Study thyself; what rank or what degree The wise Creator has
ordained for thee. Dryden.
3. To form or arrange by previous thought; to con over, as in
committing to memory; as, to study a speech.
4. To make an object of study; to aim at sedulously; to devote one's
thoughts to; as, to study the welfare of others; to study variety in
composition.
For their heart studieth destruction. Prov. xxiv. 2.
Stufa
Stu"fa (?), n. [It. stufa a stove. See Stove.] A jet of steam issuing
from a fissure in the earth.
Stuff
Stuff (?), n. [OF. estoffe, F. \'82toffe; of uncertain origin, perhaps
of Teutonic origin and akin to E. stop, v.t. Cf. Stuff, v. t.]
1. Material which is to be worked up in any process of manufacture.
For the stuff they had was sufficient for all the work to make it,
and too much. Ex. xxxvi. 7.
Ambitions should be made of sterner stuff. Shak.
The workman on his stuff his skill doth show, And yet the stuff
gives not the man his skill. Sir J. Davies.
2. The fundamental material of which anything is made up; elemental
part; essence.
Yet do I hold it very stuff o' the conscience To do no contrived
murder. Shak.
3. Woven material not made into garments; fabric of any kind;
specifically, any one of various fabrics of wool or worsted;
sometimes, worsted fiber.
What stuff wilt have a kirtle of? Shak.
It [the arras] was of stuff and silk mixed, though, superior kinds
were of silk exclusively. F. G. Lee.
4. Furniture; goods; domestic vessels or utensils.
He took away locks, and gave away the king's stuff. Hayward.
5. A medicine or mixture; a potion. Shak.
6. Refuse or worthless matter; hence, also, foolish or irrational
language; nonsense; trash.
Anger would indite Such woeful stuff as I or Shadwell write.
Dryden.
7. (Naut.) A melted mass of turpentine, tallow, etc., with which the
masts, sides, and bottom of a ship are smeared for lubrication. Ham.
Nav. Encyc.
8. Paper stock ground ready for use.
NOTE: &hand; When partly ground, called half stuff.
Knight. Clear stuff. See under Clear. -- Small stuff (Naut.), all
kinds of small cordage. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- Stuff gown, the
distinctive garb of a junior barrister; hence, a junior barrister
himself. See Silk gown, under Silk.<-- stuff and nonsense. (See def. 6
for stuff) balderdash, twaddle, nonsense, foolishness. -->
Stuff
Stuff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stuffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stuffing.]
[OE. stoffen; cf. OF. estoffer, F. \'82toffer, to put stuff in, to
stuff, to line, also, OF. estouffer to stifle, F. \'82touffer; both
perhaps of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. stop. Cf. Stop, v. t.,
Stuff, n.]
1. To fill by crowding something into; to cram with something; to load
to excess; as, to stuff a bedtick.
Sometimes this crook drew hazel bought adown, And stuffed her apron
wide with nuts so brown. Gay.
Lest the gods, for sin, Should with a swelling dropsy stuff thy
skin. Dryden.
2. To thrust or crowd; to press; to pack.
Put roses into a glass with a narrow mouth, stuffing them close
together . . . and they retain smell and color. Bacon.
3. To fill by being pressed or packed into.
With inward arms the dire machine they load, And iron bowels stuff
the dark abode. Dryden.
4. (Cookery) To fill with a seasoning composition of bread, meat,
condiments, etc.; as, to stuff a turkey.
5. To obstruct, as any of the organs; to affect with some obstruction
in the organs of sense or respiration.
I'm stuffed, cousin; I can not smell. Shak.
6. To fill the skin of, for the purpose of preserving as a specimen;
-- said of birds or other animals.
7. To form or fashion by packing with the necessary material.
An Eastern king put a judge to death for an iniquitous sentence,
and ordered his hide to be stuffed into a cushion, and placed upon
the tribunal. Swift.
8. To crowd with facts; to cram the mind of; sometimes, to crowd or
fill with false or idle tales or fancies.
9. To put fraudulent votes into (a ballot box). [U. S.]
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1430
Stuff
Stuff (?), v. i. To feed gluttonously; to cram.
Taught harmless man to cram and stuff. Swift.
Stuffer
Stuff"er (?), n. One who, or that which, stuffs.
Stuffiness
Stuff"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being stuffy.
Stuffing
Stuff"ing, n.
1. That which is used for filling anything; as, the stuffing of a
saddle or cushion.
2. (Cookery) Any seasoning preparation used to stuff meat; especially,
a composition of bread, condiments, spices, etc.; forcemeat; dressing.
3. A mixture of oil and tallow used in softening and dressing leather.
Stuffing box, a device for rendering a joint impervious where there is
a hole through which a movable cylindrical body, as the paston rod of
a steam engine, or the plunger of a pump, slides back and forth, or in
which a shaft turns. It usually consists of a box or chamber, made by
an enlargement of part of the hole, forming a space around the rod or
shaft for containing packing which is compressed and made to fill the
space closely by means of a sleeve, called the gland, which fits
loosely around the rod, and is pressed upon the packing by bolts or
other means.
Stuffy
Stuff"y (?), a.
1. Stout; mettlesome; resolute. [Scot.] Jamieson.
2. Angry and obstinate; sulky. [U. S.]
3. Ill-ventilated; close.
Stuke
Stuke (?), n. Stucco. [Obs.]
Stull
Stull (?), n. [CF. Stum.] A framework of timber covered with boards to
support rubbish; also, a framework of boards to protect miners from
falling stones. [Prov. Eng.]
Stulm
Stulm (?), n. [Cf. G. stollen a post, a stulm, E. stall, stand.] A
shaft or gallery to drain a mine. [Local, Eng.] Bailey.
Stulp
Stulp (?), n. [Cf. Icel. st\'d3lpi, Dan., Sw., & OD. stolpe.] A short,
stout post used for any purpose, a to mark a boundary. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Stultification
Stul`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act of stultifying, or the state of
being stultified.
Stultifier
Stul"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who stultifies.
Stultify
Stul"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stultified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stultifying (?).] [L. stultus foolish + -fy.]
1. To make foolish; to make a fool of; as, to stultify one by
imposition; to stultify one's self by silly reasoning or conduct.
Burke.
2. To regard as a fool, or as foolish. [R.]
The modern sciolist stultifies all understanding but his own, and
that which he conceives like his own. Hazlitt.
3. (Law) To allege or prove to be of unsound mind, so that the
performance of some act may be avoided.
Stultiloquence
Stul*til"o*quence (?), n. [L. stultiloquentia; stultus foolish +
loquentia a talking, fr. loquens, p.pr. of loqui to talk.] Silly
talk; babbling.
Stultiloquent
Stul*til"o*quent (?), a. [Cf. L. stultiloquus. See Stultiloquence.]
Given to, or characterized by, silly talk; babbling. --
Stul*til"o*quent*ly, adv.
Stultiloquy
Stul*til"o*quy (?), n. [L. stultiloquium.] Foolish talk; silly
discource; babbling. Jer. Taylor.
Stulty
Stul"ty (?), a. [L. stultus foolish.] Foolish; silly. [Obs.]
Testament of Love.
Stum
Stum (?), n. [D. stom must, new wort, properly, dumb; cf. F. vin
muet stum. Cf. Stammer, Stoom.]
1. Unfermented grape juice or wine, often used to raise
fermentation in dead or vapid wines; must.
Let our wines, without mixture of stum, be all fine. B. Jonson.
And with thy stum ferment their fainting cause. Dryden.
2. Wine revived by new fermentation, reulting from the admixture of
must. Hudibras.
Stum
Stum, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stummed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stumming.]
To renew, as wine, by mixing must with it and raising a new
fermentation.
We stum our wines to renew their spirits. Floyer.
Stumble
Stum"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stumbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stumbling (?).] [OE. stumblen, stomblen; freq. of a word akin to E.
stammer. See Stammer.]
1. To trip in walking or in moving in any way with the legs; to
strike the foot so as to fall, or to endanger a fall; to stagger
because of a false step.
There stumble steeds strong and down go all. Chaucer.
The way of the wicked is as darkness: they know at what they
stumble. Prov. iv. 19.
2. To walk in an unsteady or clumsy manner.
He stumbled up the dark avenue. Sir W. Scott.
3. To fall into a crime or an error; to err.
He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and there is none
occasion og stumbling in him. 1 John ii. 10.
4. To strike or happen (upon a person or thing) without design; to
fall or light by chance; -- with on, upon, or against.
Ovid stumbled, by some inadvertency, upon Livia in a bath. Dryden.
Forth as she waddled in the brake, A gray goose stumbled on a
snake. C. Smart.
Stumble
Stum"ble, v. t.
1. To cause to stumble or trip.
2. Fig.: To mislead; to confound; to perplex; to cause to err or to
fall.
False and dazzling fires to stumble men. Milton.
One thing more stumbles me in the very foundation of this
hypothesis. Locke.
Stumble
Stum"ble, n.
1. A trip in walking or running.
2. A blunder; a failure; a fall from rectitude.
One stumble is enough to deface the character of an honorable life.
L'Estrange.
Stumbler
Stum"bler (?), n. One who stumbles.
Stumbling-block
Stum"bling-block` (?), n. Any cause of stumbling, perplexity, or
error.
We preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumbling-block, and
unto the Greeks foolishness. 1 Cor. i. 23.
Stumblingly
Stum"bling*ly (?), adv. In a stumbling manner.
Stumbling-stone
Stum"bling-stone` (?), n. A stumbling-block.
This stumbling-stone we hope to take away. T. Burnet.
Stump
Stump (?), n. [OE. stumpe, stompe; akin to D. stomp, G. stumpf,
Icel. stumpr, Dan. & Sw. stump, and perhaps also to E. stamp.]
1. The part of a tree or plant remaining in the earth after the
stem or trunk is cut off; the stub.
2. The part of a limb or other body remaining after a part is
amputated or destroyed; a fixed or rooted remnant; a stub; as, the
stump of a leg, a finger, a tooth, or a broom.
3. pl. The legs; as, to stir one's stumps. [Slang]
4. (Cricket) One of the three pointed rods stuck in the ground to
form a wicket and support the bails.
5. A short, thick roll of leather or paper, cut to a point, or any
similar implement, used to rub down the lines of a crayon or pencil
drawing, in shading it, or for shading drawings by producing tints
and gradations from crayon, etc., in powder.
6. A pin in a tumbler lock which forms an obstruction to throwing
the bolt, except when the gates of the tumblers are properly
arranged, as by the key; a fence; also, a pin or projection in a
lock to form a guide for a movable piece.
Leg stump (Cricket), the stump nearest to the batsman. -- Off stump
(Cricket), the stump farthest from the batsman. -- Stump tracery
(Arch.), a term used to describe late German Gothic tracery, in which
the molded bar seems to pass through itself in its convolutions, and
is then cut off short, so that a section of the molding is seen at the
end of each similar stump. -- To go on the stump, OR To take the
stump, to engage in making public addresses for electioneering
purposes; -- a phrase derived from the practice of using a stump for a
speaker's platform in newly-settled districts. Hence also the phrases
stump orator, stump speaker, stump speech, stump oratory, etc.
[Colloq. U.S.]<-- on the stump -- campaigning for public office -->
Stump
Stump, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stumped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stumping.]
1. To cut off a part of; to reduce to a stump; to lop.
Around the stumped top soft moss did grow. Dr. H. More.
2. To strike, as the toes, against a stone or something fixed; to
stub. [Colloq.]
3. To challenge; also, to nonplus. [Colloq.]
4. To travel over, delivering speeches for electioneering purposes;
as, to stump a State, or a district. See To go on the stump, under
Stump, n. [Colloq. U.S.]
5. (Cricket) (a) To put (a batsman) out of play by knocking off the
bail, or knocking down the stumps of the wicket he is defending while
he is off his allotted ground; -- sometimes with out. T. Hughes. (b)
To bowl down the stumps of, as, of a wicket.
A herd of boys with clamor bowled, And stumped the wicket.
Tennyson.
To stump it. (a) To go afoot; hence, to run away; to escape. [Slang]
Ld. Lytton. (b) To make electioneering speeches. [Colloq. U.S.]
Stump
Stump, v. i. To walk clumsily, as if on stumps. To stump up, to pay
cash. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Stumpage
Stump"age (?), n.
1. Timber in standing trees, -- often sold without the land at a fixed
price per tree or per stump, the stumps being counted when the land is
cleared. [Local, U.S.]
Only trees above a certain size are allowed to be cut by loggers
buying stumpage from the owners of land. C. S. Sargent.
2. A tax on the amount of timber cut, regulated by the price of
lumber. [Local, U.S.] The Nation.
Stumper
Stump"er (?), n.
1. One who stumps.
2. A boastful person. [Slang]
3. A puzzling or incredible story. [Slang, U.S.]
Stumpiness
Stump"i*ness (?), n. The state of being stumpy.
Stump-tailed
Stump"-tailed` (?), a. Having a short, thick tail. Stump-tailed lizard
(Zo\'94l.), a singular Australian scincoid lizard (Trachydosaurus
rugosus) having a short, thick tail resembling its head in form; --
called also sleeping lizard.
Stumpy
Stump"y (?), a.
1. Full of stumps; hard; strong.
2. Short and thick; stubby. [Colloq.] "A stumpy little man." J. C.
Harris.
Stun
Stun (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stunned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stunning.]
[OE. stonien, stownien; either fr. AS. stunian to resound (cf. D.
stenen to groan, G. st\'94hnen, Icel. stynja, Gr. stan to thunder, and
E. thunder), or from the same source as E. astonish. \'fb168.]
1. To make senseless or dizzy by violence; to render senseless by a
blow, as on the head.
One hung a poleax at his saddlebow, And one a heavy mace to stun
the foe. Dryden.
2. To dull or deaden the sensibility of; to overcome; especially, to
overpower one's sense of hearing.
And stunned him with the music of the spheres. Pope.
3. To astonish; to overpower; to bewilder.
William was quite stunned at my discourse. De Foe.
Stun
Stun, n. The condition of being stunned.
Stung
Stung (?), imp. & p. p. of Sting.
Stunk
Stunk (?), imp. & p. p. of Stink.
Stunner
Stun"ner (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, stuns.
2. Something striking or amazing in quality; something of
extraordinary excellence. [Slang] Thackeray.
Stunning
Stun"ning (?), a.
1. Overpowering consciousness; overpowering the senses; especially,
overpowering the sense of hearing; confounding with noise.
2. Striking or overpowering with astonishment, especially on account
of excellence; as, stunning poetry. [Slang] C. Kingsley. --
Stun"ning*ly, adv. [Slang]
Stunsail
Stun"sail (?), n. (Naut.) A contraction of Studding sail.
With every rag set, stunsails, sky scrapers and all. Lowell.
Stunt
Stunt (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stunted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stunting.]
[See Stint.] To hinder from growing to the natural size; to prevent
the growth of; to stint, to dwarf; as, to stunt a child; to stunt a
plant.
When, by a cold penury, I blast the abilities of a nation, and
stunt the growth of its active energies, the ill or may do is
beyond all calculation. Burke.
Stunt
Stunt (?), n.
1. A check in growth; also, that which has been checked in growth; a
stunted animal or thing.
2. Specifically: A whale two years old, which, having been weaned, is
lean, and yields but little blubber.
Stunted
Stunt"ed, a. Dwarfed. -- Stunt"ed*ness, n.
Stuntness
Stunt"ness, n. Stuntedness; brevity. [R.] Earle.
Stupa
Stu"pa (st&oomac;"p&adot;), n. [Skr. st&umac;pa.] A mound or monument
commemorative of Buddha.
Stupa
Stu"pa (st&umac;"p&adot;), n. [L.] (Med.) See 1st Stupe.
Stupe
Stupe (?), n. [L. stupa, or better stuppa, tow. Cf. Stop, v. t.]
(Med.) Cloth or flax dipped in warm water or medicaments and applied
to a hurt or sore.
Stupe
Stupe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stuped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stuping.] To
foment with a stupe. Wiseman.
Stupe
Stupe, n. [See Stupid.] A stupid person. [Obs.]
Stupefacient
Stu`pe*fa"cient (?), a. [L. stupefaciens, p.pr. of stupefacere to
stupefy; stupere to be stupefied + facere to make. Cf. Stupefy.]
[Written also stupifacient.] Producing stupefaction; stupefactive. --
n. (Med.) Anything promoting stupefaction; a narcotic.
Stupefaction
Stu`pe*fac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. stup\'82faction. See Stupefacient.]
The act of stupefying, or the state of being stupefied. [Written also
stupifaction.]
Resistance of the dictates of conscience brings a hardness and
stupefaction upon it. South.
Stupefactive
Stu`pe*fac"tive (?), a. & n. [Cf. F. stup\'82factif, LL.
stupefactivus.] Same as Stupefacient. [Written also stupifactive.]
Stupefied
Stu"pe*fied (?), a. Having been made stupid.
Stupefiedness
Stu"pe*fied`ness, n. Quality of being stupid.
Stupefier
Stu"pe*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, stupefies; a stupefying
agent.
Stupefy
Stu"pe*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stupefied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stupefying (?).] [F. stup\'82fier, fr. L. stupere to be stupefied +
ficare (in comp.) to make, akin to facere. See Stupid, Fact, and cf.
Stupefacient.] [Written also stupify, especially in England.]
1. To make stupid; to make dull; to blunt the faculty of perception or
understanding in; to deprive of sensibility; to make torpid.<--
temporarily! as by excessive dullness or repetition -->
The fumes of drink discompose and stupefy the brain. South.
2. To deprive of material mobility. [Obs.]
It is not malleable; but yet is not fluent, but stupefied. Bacon.
Stupendous
Stu*pen"dous (?), a. [L. stupendus astonishing, p. future pass. of
stupere to be astonished at. Cf. Stupid.] Astonishing; wonderful;
amazing; especially, astonishing in magnitude or elevation; as, a
stupendous pile. "A stupendous sum." Macaulay.
All are but parts of one stupendous whole. Pope.
-- Stu*pen"dous*ly, adv. -- Stu*pen"dous*ness, n.
Stupeous
Stu"pe*ous (?), a. [L. stupa, or better stuppa, tow; cf. L. stuppeus
made of tow. Cf. Stupose.] Resembling tow; having long, loose scales,
or matted filaments, like tow; stupose.
Stupid
Stu"pid (?), a. [L. stupidus, fr. stupere to be stupefied: cf. F.
stupide.]
1. Very dull; insensible; senseless; wanting in understanding; heavy;
sluggish; in a state of stupor; -- said of persons.
O that men . . . should be so stupid grown . . . As to forsake the
living God! Milton.
With wild surprise, A moment stupid, motionless he stood. Thomson.
2. Resulting from, or evincing, stupidity; formed without skill or
genius; dull; heavy; -- said of things.
Observe what loads of stupid rhymes Oppress us in corrupted times.
Swift.
Syn. -- Simple; insensible; sluggish; senseless; doltish; sottish;
dull; heavy; clodpated. -- Stu"pid*ly (#), adv. -- Stu"pid*ness, n.
Stupidity
Stu*pid"i*ty (?), n. [L. stupiditas: cf. F. stupidit\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being stupid; extreme dullness of
perception or understanding; insensibility; sluggishness.
2. Stupor; astonishment; stupefaction. [R.]
A stupidity Past admiration strikes me, joined with fear. Chapman.
Stupify
Stu"pi*fy (?), v. t. See Stupefy.
Stupor
Stu"por (?), n. [L., from stupere to be struck senseless.]
1. Great diminution or suspension of sensibility; suppression of sense
or feeling; lethargy.
2. Intellectual insensibility; moral stupidity; heedlessness or
inattention to one's interests.
Stupose
Stu*pose (?), a. [L. stupa, or better stuppa, tow. Cf. Stupeous.]
(Bot.) Composed of, or having, tufted or matted filaments like tow;
stupeous.
Stuprate
Stu"prate (?), v. t. [L. stupratus, p.p. of stuprare to ravish, fr.
stuprum defilement.] To ravish; to debauch. [R.] Heywood.
Stupration
Stu*pra"tion (?), n. Violation of chastity by force; rape. [R.] Sir T.
Browne.
Stuprum
Stu"prum (?), n. [L.] Stupration.
Sturb
Sturb (?), v. t. To disturb. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sturdily
Stur"di*ly (?), adv. In a sturdy manner.
Sturdiness
Stur"di*ness, n. Quality of being sturdy.
Sturdy
Stur"dy (?), a. [Compar. Sturdier (?); superl. Sturdiest.] [OE. sturdi
inconsiderable, OF. estourdi stunned, giddy, thoughtless, rash, F.
\'82tourdi, p.p. of OF. estourdir to stun, to render giddy, to amaze,
F. \'82tourdir; of uncertain origin. The sense has probably been
influenced by E. stout.]
1. Foolishly obstinate or resolute; stubborn; unrelenting; unfeeling;
stern.
This sturdy marquis gan his hearte dress To rue upon her wifely
steadfastness. Chaucer.
This must be done, and I would fain see Mortal so sturdy as to
gainsay. Hudibras.
A sturdy, hardened sinner shall advance to the utmost pitch of
impiety with less reluctance than he took the first steps.
Atterbury.
2. Resolute, in a good sense; or firm, unyielding quality; as, a man
of sturdy piety or patriotism.
3. Characterized by physical strength or force; strong; lusty;
violent; as, a sturdy lout.
How bowed the woods beneath their sturdy stroke! Gray.
4. Stiff; stout; strong; as, a sturdy oak. Milton.
He was not of any delicate contexture; his limbs rather sturdy than
dainty. Sir H. Wotton.
Syn. -- Hardy; stout; strong; firm; robust; stiff.
_________________________________________________________________
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Sturdy
Stur"dy (?), n. [OF. estourdi giddiness, stupefaction.] (Vet.) A
disease in sheep and cattle, marked by great nervousness, or by
dullness and stupor.
Sturgeon
Stur"geon (?), n. [F. esturgeon, LL. sturio, sturgio, OHG. sturjo, G.
st\'94r; akin to AS. styria, styriga.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous
species of large cartilaginous ganoid fishes belonging to Acipenser
and allied genera of the family Acipenserid\'91. They run up rivers to
spawn, and are common on the coasts and in the large rivers and lakes
of North America, Europe, and Asia. Caviare is prepared from the roe,
and isinglass from the air bladder.
NOTE: &hand; The common North American species are Acipenser sturio
of the Atlantic coast region, A. transmontanus of the Pacific
coast, and A. rubicundus of the Mississippi River and its
tributaries. In Europe, the common species is Acipenser sturio, and
other well-known species are the sterlet and the huso. The
sturgeons are included in the order Chondrostei. Their body is
partially covered by five rows of large, carinated, bony plates, of
which one row runs along the back. The tail is heterocercal. The
toothless and protrusile mouth is beneath the head, and has four
barbels in front.
Shovel-nosed sturgeon. (Zo\'94l.) See Shovelnose (d).
Sturiones
Stu`ri*o"nes (?), n. pl. [NL., from LL. sturio. See Sturgeon.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of fishes including the sturgeons.
Sturionian
Stu`ri*o"ni*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the family of fishes of which
the sturgeon is the type.
Sturk
Sturk (?), n. See Stirk. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Sturnoid
Stur"noid (?), a. [L. sturnus a starling + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or
pertaining to the starlings.
Sturt
Sturt (?), v. t. [Cf. Start, v. i.] To vex; to annoy; to startle.
[Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Sturt
Sturt, n.
1. Disturbance; annoyance; care. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.] "Sturt
and care." J. Rolland.
2. (Mining) A bargain in tribute mining by which the tributor profits.
Raymond.
Sturtion
Stur"tion (?), n. A corruption of Nasturtion.
Stut
Stut (?), v. i. To stutter. [Obs.] Skelton.
Stutter
Stut"ter (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Stuttered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Stuttering.] [Freq. of stut, OE. stoten; probably of Dutch or Low
German origin; cf. D. & LG. stotteren, G. stottern, D. stooten to
push, to strike; akin to G. stossen, Icel. stauta, Sw. st\'94ta, Dan.
st\'94de, Goth. stautan, L. tundere, Skr. tud to thrust. Cf. Contuse,
Obtuse.] To hesitate or stumble in uttering words; to speak with
spasmodic repetition or pauses; to stammer.
Trembling, stuttering, calling for his confessor. Macaulay.
Stutter
Stut"ter, n.
1. The act of stuttering; a stammer. See Stammer, and Stuttering.
2. One who stutters; a stammerer. [Obs.] Bacon.
Stutterer
Stut"ter*er (?), n. One who stutters; a stammerer.
Stuttering
Stut"ter*ing, n. The act of one who stutters; -- restricted by some
physiologists to defective speech due to inability to form the proper
sounds, the breathing being normal, as distinguished from stammering.
Stuttering
Stut"ter*ing, a. Apt to stutter; hesitating; stammering. --
Stut"ter*ing*ly, adv.
Sty
Sty (?), n.; pl. Sties (. [Written also stigh.] [AS. stigu, fr.
st\'c6gan to rise; originally, probably, a place into which animals
climbed or went up. \'fb164. See Sty, v. i., and cf. Steward.]
1. A pen or inclosure for swine.
2. A place of bestial debauchery.
To roll with pleasure in a sensual sty. Milton.
Sty
Sty, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stying (?).] To
shut up in, or as in, a sty. Shak.
Sty
Sty, v. i. [OE. stien, sti, AS. st\'c6gan to rise; akin to D. stijgen,
OS. & OHG. st\'c6gan, G. steigen, Icel. st\'c6ga, Sw. stiga, Dan.
stige, Goth. steigan, L. vestigium footstep, Gr. stigh to mount. Cf.
Distich, Stair steps, Stirrup, Sty a boil, a pen for swine, Vestige.]
To soar; to ascend; to mount. See Stirrup. [Obs.]
With bolder wing shall dare aloft to sty, To the last praises of
this Faery Queene. Spenser.
Sty
Sty, n. [For older styan, styanye, understood as sty on eye, AS.
st\'c6gend (sc. e\'a0ge eye), properly, rising, or swelling (eye),
p.p. of st\'c6gan to rise. See Sty, v. i.] (Med.) An inflamed swelling
or boil on the edge of the eyelid. [Written also stye.]
Styan
Sty"an (?), n. See Sty, a boil. [R.] De quincey.
Styca
Sty"ca (?), n. [LL., fr. AS. stic, styc, stycge.] An anglo-Saxon
copper coin of the lowest value, being worth half a farthing. S. M.
Leake.
Stycerin
Sty"cer*in (?), n. [Styryl + glycerin.] (Chem.) A triacid alcohol,
related to glycerin, and obtained from certain styryl derivatives as a
yellow, gummy, amorphous substance; -- called also phenyl glycerin.
Stye
Stye, n. See Sty, a boil.
Stygial
Styg"i*al (?), a. Stygian. [R.] Skelton.
Stygian
Styg"i*an (?), a. [L. Stygius, fr. Styx, Stygis, Gr. Of or pertaining
to the river Styx; hence, hellish; infernal. See Styx.
At that so sudden blaze, the Stygian throng Bent their aspect.
Milton.
Stylagalmaic
Sty`la*gal*ma"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Arch.) Performing the office of
columns; as, Atlantes and Caryatides are stylagalmaic figures or
images. [Written also stylogalmaic.]
Stylar
Sty"lar (?), a. See Stilar.
Stylaster
Sty*las"ter (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous
species of delicate, usually pink, calcareous hydroid corals of the
genus Stylaster.
Style
Style (?), n. [OE. stile, F. style, Of. also stile, L. stilus a style
or writing instrument, manner or writing, mode of expression; probably
for stiglus, meaning, a pricking instrument, and akin to E. stick. See
Stick, v. t., and cf. Stiletto. The spelling with y is due to a
supposed connection with Gr.
1. An instrument used by the ancients in writing on tablets covered
with wax, having one of its ends sharp, and the other blunt, and
somewhat expanded, for the purpose of making erasures by smoothing the
wax.
2. Hence, anything resembling the ancient style in shape or use.
Specifically: -- (a) A pen; an author's pen. Dryden. (b) A
sharp-pointed tool used in engraving; a graver. (c) A kind of
blunt-pointed surgical instrument. (d) (Zo\'94l.) A long, slender,
bristlelike process, as the anal styles of insects. (e) [Perhaps fr.
Gr. The pin, or gnomon, of a dial, the shadow of which indicates the
hour. See Gnomon. (f) [Probably fr. Gr. (Bot.) The elongated part of a
pistil between the ovary and the stigma. See Illust. of Stamen, and of
Pistil.
3. Mode of expressing thought in language, whether oral or written;
especially, such use of language in the expression of thought as
exhibits the spirit and faculty of an artist; choice or arrangement of
words in discourse; rhetorical expression.
High style, as when that men to kinges write. Chaucer.
Style is the dress of thoughts. Chesterfield.
Proper words in proper places make the true definition of style.
Swift.
It is style alone by which posterity will judge of a great work. I.
Disraeli.
4. Mode of presentation, especially in music or any of the fine arts;
a characteristic of peculiar mode of developing in idea or
accomplishing a result.
The ornamental style also possesses its own peculiar merit. Sir J.
Reynolds.
5. Conformity to a recognized standard; manner which is deemed elegant
and appropriate, especially in social demeanor; fashion.
According to the usual style of dedications. C. Middleton.
6. Mode or phrase by which anything is formally designated; the title;
the official designation of any important body; mode of address; as,
the style of Majesty.
One style to a gracious benefactor, another to a proud, insulting
foe. Burke.
7. (Chron.) A mode of reckoning time, with regard to the Julian and
Gregorian calendars.
NOTE: &hand; St yle is Old or New. The Old Style follows the Julian
manner of computing the months and days, or the calendar as
established by Julius C\'91sar, in which every fourth year consists
of 366 days, and the other years of 365 days. This is about 11
minutes in a year too much. Pope Georgy XIII. reformed the calendar
by retrenching 10 days in October, 1582, in order to bring back the
vernal equinox to the same day as at the time of the Council of
Nice, A.D. 325. This reformation was adopted by act of the British
Parliament in 1751, by which act 11 days in September, 1752, were
retrenched, and the third day was reckoned the fourteenth. This
mode of reckoning is called New Style, according to which every
year divisible by 4, unless it is divisible by 100 without being
divisible by 400, has 366 days, and any other year 365 days.
Style of court, the practice or manner observed by a court in its
proceedings. Ayliffe. Syn. -- Diction; phraseology; manner; course;
title. See Diction.
Style
Style, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Styled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Styling.] To
entitle; to term, name, or call; to denominate. "Styled great
conquerors." Milton.
How well his worth and brave adventures styled. Dryden.
Syn. -- To call; name; denominate; designate; term; characterize.
Stylet
Sty"let (?), n. [F., dim. of style; cf. It. stiletto. See Stiletto.] A
small poniard; a stiletto.
2. (Surg.) (a) An instrument for examining wounds and fistulas, and
for passing setons, and the like; a probe, -- called also specillum.
(b) A stiff wire, inserted in catheters or other tubular instruments
to maintain their shape and prevent clogging.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any small, more or less rigid, bristlelike organ; as,
the caudal stylets of certain insects; the ventral stylets of certain
Infusoria.
Styliferous
Sty*lif"er*ous (?), a. [Style + -ferous.] (Bot.) Bearing one or more
styles.
Styliform
Sty"li*form (?), a. [Style + -form: cf. F. styliforme.] Having the
form of, or resembling, a style, pin, or pen; styloid.
Stylish
Styl"ish (?), a. Having style or artistic quality; given to, or fond
of, the display of style; highly fashionable; modish; as, a stylish
dress, house, manner. -- Styl"ish*ly, adv. -- Styl"ish*ness, n.
Stylist
Styl"ist, n. One who is a master or a model of style, especially in
writing or speaking; a critic of style.
Distinguished as a stylist, for ease. Fitzed. Hall.
Stylistic
Sty*lis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to style in language. [R.]
"Stylistic trifles." J. A. Symonds.
The great stylistic differences in the works ascribed to him
[Wyclif]. G. P. Marsh.
Stylite
Sty"lite (?), n. [Gr. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of anchorites in the
early church, who lived on the tops of pillars for the exercise of
their patience; -- called also pillarist and pillar saint.<--
predursors of the flagpole-sitters! -->
Stylo-
Sty"lo- (?). A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection
with, or relation to, the styloid process of the temporal bone; as,
stylohyal, stylomastoid, stylomaxillary.
Stylobate
Sty"lo*bate (?), n. [L. stylobates, stylobata, Gr. (Arch.) The
uninterrupted and continuous flat band, coping, or pavement upon which
the bases of a row of columns are supported. See Sub-base.
Styloglossal
Sty`lo*glos"sal (?), a. [Stylo- + glossal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining
to styloid process and the tongue.
Stylograph
Sty"lo*graph (?), n. A stylographic pen.
Stylographic
Sty`lo*graph"ic (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to stylography; used in stylography; as,
stylographic tablets.
2. Pertaining to, or used in, stylographic pen; as, stylographic ink.
Stylographic pen, a pen with a conical point like that of a style,
combined with a reservoir for supplying it with ink. -- Stylographic
pencil, a pencil used in stylography.
Stylographical
Sty`lo*graph"ic*al (?), a. Same as Stylographic, 1. --
Sty`lo*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
Stylography
Sty*log"ra*phy (?), n. [Style + -graphy.] A mode of writing or tracing
lines by means of a style on cards or tablets.
Stylohyal
Sty`lo*hy"al (?), n. [Stylo- + the Gr. letter (Anat.) A segment in the
hyoidean arch between the epihyal and tympanohyal.
Stylohyoid
Sty`lo*hy"oid (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the styloid process
and the hyoid bone.
Styloid
Sty"loid (?), a. [Style + -oid: cf. F. stylo\'8bde, Gr.
1. Styliform; as, the styloid process.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the styloid process.
Styloid process (Anat.), a long and slender process from the lower
side of the temporal bone of man, corresponding to the tympanohyal and
stylohyal of other animals.
Stylomastoid
Sty`lo*mas"toid (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the styloid and
mastoid processes of the temporal bone.
Stylomaxillary
Sty`lo*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the styloid
process and the maxilla.
Stylometer
Sty*lom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] An instrument for measuring
columns.
Stylommata
Sty*lom"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. Same as Stylommatophora.
Stylommatophora
Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division
of Pulmonata in which the eyes are situated at the tips of the
tentacles. It includes the common land snails and slugs. See Illust.
under Snail.
Stylommatophorous
Sty*lom`ma*toph"o*rous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
Stylommatophora.
Stylopodium
Sty`lo*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Stylopodia (#). [NL. See Style, and
Podium.] (Bot.) An expansion at the base of the style, as in
umbelliferous plants.
Stylops
Sty"lops (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of minute insects
parasitic, in their larval state, on bees and wasps. It is the typical
genus of the group Strepsiptera, formerly considered a distinct order,
but now generally referred to the Coleoptera. See Strepsiptera.
Stylus
Sty"lus (?), n. [L. stylus, or better stilus.] An instrument for
writing. See Style, n., 1. <-- 2. That needle-shaped part at the tip
of the playing arm of phonograph which sits in the groove of a
phonograph record while it is turning, to detect the undulations in
the phonograph groove and convert them into vibrations which are
transmitted to a system (since 1920 electronic) which converts the
signal into sound; also called needle. The stylus is frequently
composed of metal or diamond. 3. The needle-like device used to cut
the grooves which record the sound on the original disc during
recording of a phonograph record. 4. (Computers) A pen-shaped pointing
device used to specify the cursor position on a graphics tablet. -->
Styphnate
Styph"nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of styphnic acid.
Styphnic
Styph"nic (?), a. [Gr. (spurious) sty`fein to contract.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, a yellow crystalline astringent acid,
(NO2)3.C6H.(OH)2, obtained by the action of nitric acid on resorcin.
Styphnic acid resembles picric acid, but is not bitter. It acts like a
strong dibasic acid, having a series of well defined salts.
Styptic
Styp"tic (?), a. [L. stypticus, Gr. Producing contraction; stopping
bleeding; having the quality of restraining hemorrhage when applied to
the bleeding part; astringent. [Written also stiptic.] Styptic weed
(Bot.), an American leguminous herb (Cassia occidentalis) closely
related to the wild senna.
Styptic
Styp"tic, n. (Med.) A styptic medicine.
Styptical
Styp"tic*al (?), a. Styptic; astringent.
Stypticity
Styp*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. stypticit\'82.] The quality or state of
being styptic; astringency.
Styracin
Styr"a*cin (?), n. [See Styrax.] (Chem.) A white crystalline tasteless
substance extracted from gum storax, and consisting of a salt of
cinnamic acid with cinnamic alcohol.
Styrax
Sty"rax (?), n. [L. styrax, storax, Gr. Storax.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs and trees, mostly American or Asiatic,
abounding in resinous and aromatic substances. Styrax officinalis
yields storax, and S. Benzoin yields benzoin.
2. Same as Storax.
Styrol
Sty"rol (?), n. [Styrax + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) See Styrolene.
Styrolene
Sty"ro*lene (?), n. (Chem.) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, C8H8, obtained
by the distillation of storax, by the decomposition of cinnamic acid,
and by the condensation of acetylene, as a fragrant, aromatic, mobile
liquid; -- called also phenyl ethylene, vinyl benzene, styrol,
styrene, and cinnamene.<-- most commonly, styrene -->
Styrone
Sty"rone (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline substance having a sweet
taste and a hyacinthlike odor, obtained by the decomposition of
styracin; -- properly called cinnamic, OR styryl, alcohol.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1432
Styryl
Sty"ryl (?), n. [Styrax + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical found
in certain derivatives of styrolene and cinnamic acid; -- called also
cinnyl, or cinnamyl.
Stythe
Stythe (?), n. (Mining) Choke damp.
Stythy
Styth"y (?), n. & v. See Stithy.
Styx
Styx (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.) The principal river of the
lower world, which had to be crossed in passing to the regions of the
dead.
Suability
Su`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. (Law) Liability to be sued; the state of being
subjected by law to civil process.
Suable
Su"a*ble (?), a. (Law) Capable of being sued; subject by law to be
called to answer in court. Story.
Suade
Suade (?), v. t. [L. suadere.] To persuade. [Obs.]
Suadible
Suad"i*ble (?), a. [L. suadibilis.] Suasible. [Obs.] Wyclif (James
iii. 17).
Suage
Suage (?), v. t. To assuage. [Obs.] Dryden.
Suant
Su"ant (?), a. [Cf. Sue to pursue.] Spread equally over the surface;
uniform; even. [Written also suent.] [Local, U.S. & Prov. Eng.] --
Su"ant*ly, adv. [Local, U.S. & Prov. Eng.]
Suasible
Sua"si*ble (?), a. [L. suadere, suasum, to persuade.] Capable of being
persuaded; easily persuaded.
Suasion
Sua"sion (?), n. [L. suasio, fr. suadere, suasum, to advise, persuade,
fr. suadus persuading, persuasive; akin to suavis sweet: cf. OF.
suasion. See Suave, and cf. Dissuade, Persuade.] The act of
persuading; persuasion; as, moral suasion.
Suasive
Sua"sive (?), a. Having power to persuade; persuasive; suasory. South.
"Genial and suasive satire." Earle. -- Sua"sive*ly, adv.
Suasory
Sua"so*ry (?), a. [L. suasorius: cf. F. suasoire.] Tending to
persuade; suasive.
Suave
Suave (?), a. [L. suavis sweet, pleasant: cf. F. suave. See Sweet, and
cf. Suasion.] Sweet; pleasant; delightful; gracious or agreeable in
manner; bland. -- Suave"ly, adv.
Suavify
Suav"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suavified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suavifying (?).] [Suave + -fy.] To make affable or suave.
Suaviloquent
Sua*vil"o*quent (?), a. [L. suaviloquens; suavis sweet + loquens,
p.pr. of loqui to speak.] Sweetly speaking; using agreeable speech.
[R.]
Suaviloquy
Sua*vil"o*quy (?), n. [L. suaviloquium.] Sweetness of speech. [R.]
Suavity
Suav"i*ty (?), n. [L. suavitas: cf. F. suavit\'82.]
1. Sweetness to the taste. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
2. The quality of being sweet or pleasing to the mind; agreeableness;
softness; pleasantness; gentleness; urbanity; as, suavity of manners;
suavity of language, conversation, or address. Glanvill.
Sub-
Sub- (?). [L. sub under, below; akin to Gr. upa to, on, under, over.
Cf. Hypo-, Super-.]
1. A prefix signifying under, below, beneath, and hence often, in an
inferior position or degree, in an imperfect or partial state, as in
subscribe, substruct, subserve, subject, subordinate, subacid,
subastringent, subgranular, suborn. Sub- in Latin compounds often
becomes sum- before m, sur before r, and regularly becomes suc-, suf-,
sug-, and sup- before c, f, g, and p respectively. Before c, p, and t
it sometimes takes form sus- (by the dropping of b from a collateral
form, subs-).
2. (Chem.) A prefix denoting that the ingredient (of a compound)
signified by the term to which it is prefixed,is present in only a
small proportion, or less than the normal amount; as, subsulphide,
suboxide, etc. Prefixed to the name of a salt it is equivalent to
basic; as, subacetate or basic acetate. [Obsoles.]
Sub
Sub, n. A subordinate; a subaltern. [Colloq.]
Subacid
Sub*ac"id (?), a. [L. subacidus. See Sub-, Acid.] Moderately acid or
sour; as, some plants have subacid juices. -- n. A substance
moderately acid.
Subacrid
Sub*ac"rid (?), a. Moderalely acrid or harsh.
Subacromial
Sub`a*cro"mi*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated beneath the acromial process
of the scapula.
Subact
Sub*act" (?), v. t. [L. subactus, p.p. of subigere to subdue; sub
under + agere to lead, bring.] To reduce; to subdue. [Obs.] Bacon.
Subaction
Sub*ac"tion (?), n. [Cf. L. subactio a working up, discipline.] The
act of reducing to any state, as of mixing two bodies combletely.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Subacute
Sub`a*cute" (?), a. Moderalely acute.
Subaduncate
Sub`a*dun"cate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Somewhat hooked or curved.
Subadvocate
Sub*ad"vo*cate (?), n. An under or subordinate advocate.
Suba\'89rial
Sub`a*\'89"ri*al (?), a. Beneath the sky; in the open air;
specifically (Geol.), taking place on the earth's surface, as opposed
to subaqueous.
Subagency
Sub*a"gen*cy (?), n. A subordinate agency.
Subagent
Sub*a"gent (?), n. (Law) A person employed by an agent to transact the
whole, or a part, of the business intrusted to the latter. Bouvier.
Chitty.
Subagitation
Sub*ag`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. subagitatio, fr. subagitare to lie with
illicity.] Unlawful sexual intercourse. [Obs.]
Subash
Su"bash (?), n. [Per. & Hinf. s.] A province; a government, as of a
viceroy; also, a subahdar. [India]
Subashdar
Su"bash*dar (?), n. [Per. & Hinf. s, Per. s a province + d\'ber
holding, keeping.] A viceroy; a governor of a subah; also, a native
captain in the British native army. [India]
Subashdary, Subashship
Su"bash*dar`y (?), Su"bash*ship (?), n. The office or jurisdiction of
a subahdar.
Subaid
Sub*aid" (?), v. t. To aid secretly; to assist in a private manner, or
indirectly. [R.] Daniel.
Subalmoner
Sub*al"mon*er (?), n. An under almoner.
Subalpine
Sub*al"pine (?), a. [L. subalpinus.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Inhabiting the
somewhat high slopes and summits of mountains, but considerably below
the snow line.
Subaltern
Sub*al"tern (?), a. [F. subalterne, LL. subalternus, fr. L. sub under
+ alter the one, the other of two. See Alter.]
1. Ranked or ranged below; subordinate; inferior; specifically (Mil.),
ranking as a junior officer; being below the rank of captain; as, a
subaltern officer.
2. (Logic) Asserting only a part of what is asserted in a related
proposition.
Subaltern genus. (Logic) See under Genus.
Subaltern
Sub*al"tern (?), n.
1. A person holding a subordinate position; specifically, a
commissioned military officer below the rank of captain.
2. (Logic) A subaltern proposition. Whately.
Subalternant
Sub`al*ter"nant (?), n. (Logic) A universal proposition. See
Subaltern, 2. Whately.
Subalternate
Sub`al*ter"nate (?), a.
1. Succeeding by turns; successive.
2. Subordinate; subaltern; inferior.
All their subalternate and several kinds. Evelyn.
Subalternate
Sub`al*ter"nate, n. (Logic) A particular proposition, as opposed to a
universal one. See Subaltern, 2.
Subalternating
Sub*al"ter*na`ting (?), a. Subalternate; successive.
Subalternation
Sub*al"ter*na`tion (?), n. The state of being subalternate; succession
of turns; subordination.
Subangular
Sub*an"gu*lar (?), a. Slightly angular.
Subapennine
Sub*ap"en*nine (?), a. Under, or at the foot of, the Apennine
mountains; -- applied, in geology, to a series of Tertiary strata of
the older Pliocene period.
Subapical
Sub*ap"ic*al (?), a. Being under the apex; of or pertaining to the
part just below the apex.
Subaquaneous
Sub`a*qua"ne*ous (?), a. [L. subaquaneus; sub + aqua water.]
Subaqueous. [Obs.]
Subaquatic, Subaqueous
Sub`a*quat"ic (?), Sub*a"que*ous (?), a.
1. Being under water, or beneath the surface of water; adapted for use
under water; submarine; as, a subaqueous helmet.
2. (Geol.) Formed in or under water; as, subaqueous deposits.
Subarachnoid, Subarachnoidal
Sub`a*rach"noid (?), Sub*ar`ach*noid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under
the arachnoid membrane.
Subarctic
Sub*arc"tic (?), a. Approximately arctic; belonging to a region just
without the arctic circle.
Subarcuate, Subarcuated
Sub*ar"cu*ate (?), Sub*ar"cu*a`ted (?), a. Having a figure resembling
that of a bow; somewhat curved or arched.
Subarration
Sub`ar*ra"tion (?), n. [Pref. sub- + L. arra, arrha, earnest money.
See Earnest a pledge.] The ancient custom of betrothing by the
bestowal, on the part of the man, of marriage gifts or tokens, as
money, rings, or other presents, upon the woman.
Subarytenoid
Sub`a*ryt"e*noid (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the arytenoid
cartilage of the larynx.
Subastral
Sub*as"tral (?), a. Beneath the stars or heavens; terrestrial. Bp.
Warburton.
Subastringent
Sub`as*trin"gent (?), a. Somewhat astringent.
Subatom
Sub*at"om (?), n. (Chem.) A hypothetical component of a chemical atom,
on the theory that the elements themselves are complex substances; --
called also atomicule. <-- Add subatomic particles -- protons,
neutrons, gluons, quarks, etc. -->
Subaud
Sub*aud" (?), v. t. [L. subaudire, subauditum; sub under + audire to
hear.] To understand or supply in an ellipsis. [R.]
Subaudition
Sub`au*di"tion (?), n. [L. subauditio.] The act of understanding, or
supplying, something not expressed; also, that which is so understood
or supplied. Trench.
Subaxillary
Sub*ax"il*la*ry (?), a.
1. (Anat.) Situated under the axilla, or armpit.
2. (Bot.) Placed under the axil, or angle formed by the branch of a
plant with the stem, or a leaf with the branch.
Subbasal
Sub*ba"sal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Near the base.
Sub-base
Sub"-base` (?), n. (Arch.) The lowest member of a base when divided
horizontally, or of a baseboard, pedestal, or the like.
Sub-bass
Sub"-bass`, n. (Mus.) The deepest pedal stop, or the lowest tones of
an organ; the fundamental or ground bass. [Written also sub-base.]
Ayliffe.
Subbeadle
Sub*bea"dle (?), n. An under beadle.
Subbrachial
Sub*brach"i*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the subbrachians.
Subbrachiales
Sub*brach`i*a"les (?), n. pl. [NL. See Sub-, and Brachial.] (Zo\'94l.)
A division of soft-finned fishes in which the ventral fins are
situated beneath the pectorial fins, or nearly so.
Subbrachian
Sub*brach"i*an (?), n. [Pref. sub- + brachium.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
Subbrachiales.
Subbreed
Sub"breed` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A race or strain differing in certain
characters from the parent breed; an incipient breed.
Subbronchial
Sub*bron"chi*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side
of, the bronchi; as, the subbronchial air sacs of birds.
Subcaliber
Sub*cal"i*ber (?), a. Smaller than the caliber of a firearm. [Written
also subcalibre.] Subcaliber projectile, a projectile having a smaller
diameter than the caliber of the arm from which it is fired, and to
which it is fitted by means of a sabot. Knight.
Subcarboniferous
Sub*car`bon*if"er*ous (?), a. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the lowest
division of the Carboniferous formations underlying the proper coal
measures. It was a marine formation characterized in general by beds
of limestone. -- n. The Subcarboniferous period or formation.
Subcarbureted
Sub*car"bu*ret`ed (?), a. (Chem.) United with, or containing, carbon
in less than the normal proportion. [Written also subcarburetted.]
[Obsoles.]
Subcartilaginous
Sub*car`ti*lag"i*nous (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under or beneath a
cartilage or cartilages. (b) Partially cartilaginous.
Subcaudal
Sub*cau"dal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of,
the tail; as, the subcaudal, or chevron, bones.
Subcelestial
Sub`ce*les"tial (?), a. Being beneath the heavens; as, subcelestial
glories. Barrow.
Subcentral
Sub*cen"tral (?), a.
1. Under the center.
2. Nearly central; not quite central.
Subchanter
Sub*chant"er (?), n. (Eccl.) An underchanter; a precentor's deputy in
a cathedral; a succentor.
Subcircular
Sub*cir"cu*lar (?), a. Nearly circular.
Subclass
Sub"class` (?), n. One of the natural groups, more important than an
order, into which some classes are divided; as, the angiospermous
subclass of exogens.
Subclavian
Sub*cla"vi*an (?), a. [Pref. sub- + L. clavis a key. See Clavicle.]
(Anat.) Situated under the clavicle, or collar bone; as, the
subclavian arteries.
Subcolumnar
Sub`co*lum"nar (?), a. (Geol.) Having an imperfect or interrupted
columnar structure.
Subcommittee
Sub`com*mit"tee (?), n. An under committee; a part or division of a
committee.
Yet by their sequestrators and subcommittees abroad . . . those
orders were commonly disobeyed. Milton.
Subcompressed
Sub`com*pressed" (?), a. Not fully compressed; partially or somewhat
compressed.
Subconcave
Sub*con"cave (?), a. Slightly concave. Owen.
Subconformable
Sub`con*form"a*ble (?), a. Partially conformable.
Subconical
Sub*con"ic*al (?), a. Slightly conical.
Subconjunctival
Sub*con`junc*ti"val (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the conjunctiva.
Subconscious
Sub*con"scious (?), a.
1. Occurring without the possibility or the fact of an attendant
consciousness; -- said of states of the soul.
2. Partially conscious; feebly conscious.
Subconstellation
Sub*con`stel*la"tion (?), n. (Astron.) A subordinate constellation.
Sir T. Browne.
Subcontract
Sub*con"tract (?), n. A contract under, or subordinate to, a previous
contract.
Subcontracted
Sub`con*tract"ed (?), a.
1. Contracted after a former contract.
2. Betrothed for the second time. [Obs.] Shak.
Subcontractor
Sub`con*tract"or (?), n. One who takes a portion of a contract, as for
work, from the principal contractor.
Subcontrary
Sub*con"tra*ry (?), a.
1. Contrary in an inferior degree.
2. (Geom.) Having, or being in, a contrary order; -- said of a section
of an oblique cone having a circular base made by a plane not parallel
to the base, but so inclined to the axis that the section is a circle;
applied also to two similar triangles when so placed as to have a
common angle at the vertex, the opposite sides not being parallel.
Brande & C.
3. (Logic) Denoting the relation of opposition between the particular
affirmative and particular negative. Of these both may be true and
only one can be false.
Subcontrary
Sub*con"tra*ry, n.; pl. Subcontraries (. (Logic) A subcontrary
proposition; a proposition inferior or contrary in a lower degree.
Subcoracoid
Sub*cor"a*coid (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the coracoid process of
the scapula; as, the subcoracoid dislocation of the humerus.
Subcordate
Sub*cor"date (?), a. Somewhat cordate; somewhat like a heart in shape.
Subcorneous
Sub*cor"ne*ous (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under a horny part or
layer. (b) Partially horny.
Subcostal
Sub*cos"tal (?), a. (Anat. & Zo\'94l.) Situated below the costas, or
ribs; as, the subcostal muscles.
NOTE: &hand; Th e su bcostal muscles are distinct from, and within,
the intercostal.
Subcostal
Sub*cos"tal, n.
1. (Anat.) A subcostal muscle.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the principal nervures of the wings of an insect.
It is situated next beneath or behind the costal. See Nervure.
Subcranial
Sub*cra"ni*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side
of, the cranium; facial.
Subcrustaceous
Sub`crus*ta"ceous (?), a. Occurring beneath a crust or scab; as, a
subcrustaceous cicatrization.
Subcrystalline
Sub*crys"tal*line (?), a. Imperfectly crystallized.
Subcultrate, Subcultrated
Sub*cul"trate (?), Sub*cul"tra*ted (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a form
resembling that of a colter, or straight on one side and curved on the
other.
Subcutaneous
Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous (?), a. Situated under the skin; hypodermic. --
Sub`cu*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv. Subcutaneous operation (Surg.), an operation
performed without opening that part of the skin opposite to, or over,
the internal section. <-- subcutaneous injection, (Med) an injection
method in which the injected liquid is delivered directly under the
skin, as contrasted with intramuscular or intravenous injection. Also
called subdermal injection. -->
Subcuticular
Sub`cu*tic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the cuticle, or
scarfskin.
Subcylindrical, Subcylindric
Sub`cy*lin"dric*al (?), Sub`cy*lin"dric (?), a. Imperfectly
cylindrical; approximately cylindrical.
Subdeacon
Sub*dea"con (?), n. [Pref. sub- + deacon: cf. L. subdiaconus.] (Eccl.)
One belonging to an order in the Roman Catholic Church, next interior
to the order of deacons; also, a member of a minor order in the Greek
Church.
Subdeaconry, Subdeaconship
Sub*dea"con*ry (?), Sub*dea"con*ship, n. (Eccl.) The order or office
of subdeacon.
Subdean
Sub"dean` (?), n. [Pref. sub- + dean: cf. F. sousdoyen.] An under
dean; the deputy or substitute of a dean. Ayliffe.
Subdeanery
Sub*dean"er*y (?), n. Office or rank of subdean.
Subdecanal
Sub*dec"a*nal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a subdean or subdeanery.
Subdecuple
Sub*dec"u*ple (?), a. Containing one part of ten.
Subdelegate
Sub*del"e*gate (?), n. A subordinate delegate, or one with inferior
powers.
Subdelegate
Sub*del"e*gate (?), v. t. To appoint to act as subdelegate, or as a
subordinate; to depete.
Subdented
Sub*dent"ed (?), a. Indented beneath.
Subdepartment
Sub`de*part"ment (?), n. A subordinate department; a bureau. See the
Note under Bureau.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1433
Subdeposit
Sub`de*pos"it (?), n. That which is deposited beneath something else.
Subderisorious
Sub`der*i*so"ri*ous (?), a. [Pref. sub- + L. derisorius. See
Derisory.] Ridiculing with moderation. [R.] Dr. H. More.
Subderivative
Sub`de*riv"a*tive (?), n. A word derived from a derivative, and not
directly from the root; as, "friendliness" is a subderivative, being
derived from "friendly", which is in turn a derivative from "friend."
Subdiaconate
Sub`di*ac"o*nate (?), a. Of or pertaining to a subdeacon, or to the
office or rank of a subdeacon.
Subdiaconate
Sub`di*ac"o*nate, n. The office or rank of a subdeacon.
Subdial
Sub*di"al (?), a. [L. subdialis in the open air.] Of or pertaining to
the open air; being under the open sky. [R.] N. Bacon.
Subdialect
Sub*di"a*lect (?), n. A subordinate dialect.
Subdichotomy
Sub`di*chot"o*my (?), n. A subordinate, or inferior, division into
parts; a subdivision. [R.]
Many subdichatomies of petty schisms. Milton.
Subdilated
Sub`di*lat"ed (?), a. Partially dilated.
Subdititious
Sub`di*ti"tious (?), a. [L. subdititius, subditicius, fr. subdere to
substitute.] Put secretly in the place of something else; foisted in.
[R.]
Subdiversify
Sub`di*ver"si*fy (?), v. t. To diversify aggain what is already
diversified. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
Subdivide
Sub`di*vide" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subdivided (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subdividing.] [L. subdividere, sub under + dividere to divide. See
Divide.] To divide the parts of (anything) into more parts; to part
into smaller divisions; to divide again, as what has already been
divided.
The progenies of Cham and Japhet swarmed into colonies, and those
colonies were subdivided into many others. Dryden.
Subdivide
Sub`di*vide", v. i. To be, or to become, subdivided.
Subdivine
Sub`di*vine" (?), a. Partaking of divinity; divine in a partial or
lower degree. Bp. Hall.
Subdivisible
Sub`di*vis"i*ble (?), a. Susceptible of subdivision.
Subdivision
Sub`di*vi"sion (?), n. [L. subdivisio: cf. F. subdivision.]
1. The act of subdividing, or separating a part into smaller parts.
2. A part of a thing made by subdividing.
In the decimal table, the subdivision of the cubit, as span, palm,
and digit, are deduced from the shorter cubit. Arbuthnot.
Subdolous
Sub"do*lous (?), a. [L. subdolus, sub + dolus deceit.] Sly; crafty;
cunning; artful. [R.]
Subdominant
Sub*dom"i*nant (?), n. (Mus.) The fourth tone above, or fifth below,
the tonic; -- so called as being under the dominant.
Subduable
Sub*du"a*ble (?), a. Able to be subdued.
Subdual
Sub*du"al (?), n. Act of subduing. Bp. Warburton.
Subduce, Subduct
Sub*duce" (?), Sub*duct" (?), v. t. [L. subducere, subductum; sub
under + ducere to lead, to draw. See Duke, and cf. Subdue.]
1. To withdraw; to take away. Milton.
2. To subtract by arithmetical operation; to deduct.
If, out of that infinite multitude of antecedent generations, we
should subduce ten. Sir M. Hale.
Subduction
Sub*duc"tion (?), n. [L. subductio.]
1. The act of subducting or taking away. Bp. Hall.
2. Arithmetical subtraction. Sir M. Hale.
Subdue
Sub*due" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subdued (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subduing.] [OE. soduen, OF. sosduire to seduce, L. subtus below (fr.
sub under) + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf. Subduct.]
1. To bring under; to conquer by force or the exertion of superior
power, and bring into permanent subjection; to reduce under dominion;
to vanquish.
I will subdue all thine enemies. 1 Chron. xvii. 10.
2. To overpower so as to disable from further resistance; to crush.
Nothing could have subdued nature To such a lowness, but his unkind
daughters. Shak.
If aught . . . were worthy to subdue The soul of man. Milton.
3. To destroy the force of; to overcome; as, medicines subdue a fever.
4. To render submissive; to bring under command; to reduce to mildness
or obedience; to tame; as, to subdue a stubborn child; to subdue the
temper or passions.
5. To overcome, as by persuasion or other mild means; as, to subdue
opposition by argument or entreaties.
6. To reduce to tenderness; to melt; to soften; as, to subdue ferocity
by tears.
7. To make mellow; to break, as land; also, to destroy, as weeds.
8. To reduce the intensity or degree of; to tone down; to soften; as,
to subdue the brilliancy of colors. Syn. -- To conquer; overpower;
overcome; surmount; vanquish. See Conquer.
Subdued
Sub*dued" (?), a.
1. Conquered; overpowered; crushed; submissive; mild.
2. Not glaring in color; soft in tone.
Subduement
Sub*due"ment (?), n. Subdual. [Obs.] Shak.
Subduer
Sub*du"er (?), n. One who, or that which, subdues; a conqueror.
Spenser.
Subdulcid
Sub*dul"cid (?), a. [Pref. sub + L. dulcis sweet.] Somewhat sweet;
sweetish. [R.]
Subduple
Sub"du*ple (?), a. (Math.) Indicating one part of two; in the ratio of
one to two. Subduple ratio, the ratio of 1 to 2: thus, 3:6 is a
subduple ratio, as 6:3 is a duple ratio.
Subduplicate
Sub*du"pli*cate (?), a. (Math.) Expressed by the square root; -- said
of ratios. Subduplicate ratio, the ratio of the square roots, or the
square root of a ratio; thus, the subduplicate ratio of a to b is
\'fba to \'fbb, or \'fba/b.
Subdural
Sub*du"ral (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the dura mater, or between
the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane.
Subeditor
Sub*ed"i*tor (?), n. An assistant editor, as of a periodical or
journal.
Subelongate
Sub`e*lon"gate (?), a. Not fully elongated; somewhat elongated.
Subendocardial
Sub*en`do*car"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the endocardium.
Subendymal
Sub*en"dy*mal (?), a. [Pref. sub + endyma.] Situated under the endyma.
Subepidermal
Sub*ep`i*der"mal (?), a. Situated immediately below the epidermis.
Subepiglottic
Sub*ep`i*glot"tic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the epiglottis.
Subepithelial
Sub*ep`i*the"li*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the epithelium.
Subequal
Sub*e"qual (?), a. Nearly equal.
Suberate
Su"ber*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. sub\'82rate.] (Chem.) A salt of suberic
acid.
Subereous
Su*be"re*ous (?), a. [L. subereus of the cork tree.] Of or pertaining
to cork; of the nature of cork; suberose.
Suberic
Su*ber"ic (?), a. [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F. sub\'82reque.]
(Chem.) Of or pertaining to cork; specifically, designating an acid, C
Suberin
Su"ber*in (?), n. [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F. sub\'82rine.] (Bot.)
A material found in the cell walls of cork. It is a modification of
lignin.
Suberite
Su"ber*ite (?), n. [L. suber the cork tree.] (Zo\'94l.) Any sponge of
the genus Suberites and allied genera. These sponges have a fine and
compact texture, and contain minute siliceous spicules.
Suberone
Su"ber*one (?), n. (Chem.) (a) The hypothetical ketone of suberic
acid. (b) A colorless liquid, analogous suberone proper, having a
pleasant peppermint odor. It is obtained by the distillation of
calcium suberate.
Suberose, Suberous
Su"ber*ose` (?), Su"ber*ous (?), a. [L. suber the cork tree: cf. F.
sub\'82reux.] (Bot.) Having a corky texture.
Subesophageal
Sub*e`so*phag"e*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Situated beneath the esophagus.
[Written also sub\'d2sophageal.] Subesophageal ganglion (Zo\'94l.), a
large special ganglion situated beneath the esophagus of arthropods,
annelids, and some other invertebrates.
Subfamily
Sub*fam"i*ly (?), n. (Biol.) One of the subdivisions, of more
importance than genus, into which certain families are divided.
Subfibrous
Sub*fi"brous (?), a. Somewhat fibrous.
Subfuscous
Sub*fus"cous (?), a. [L. subfuscus, suffuscus. See Sub-, and Fuscous.]
Duskish; moderately dark; brownish; tawny.
Subfusk
Sub*fusk" (?), a. Subfuscous. [Obs.] Tatler.
Subgelatinous
Sub`ge*lat"i*nous (?), a. Imperfectly or partially gelatinous.
Subgeneric
Sub`ge*ner"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a subgenus.
Subgenus
Sub*ge"nus (?), n.; pl. Subgenera (. (Biol.) A subdivision of a genus,
comprising one or more species which differ from other species of the
genus in some important character or characters; as, the azaleas now
constitute a subgenus of Rhododendron.
Subglacial
Sub*gla"cial (?), a. Pertaining or belonging to the under side of a
glacier; being beneath a glacier; as, subglacial streams.
Subglobose
Sub`glo*bose" (?), a. Not quite globose.
Subglobular
Sub*glob"u*lar (?), a. Nearly globular.
Subglossal
Sub*glos"sal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the tongue; sublingual.
Subglottic
Sub*glot"tic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated below the glottis; -- applied to
that part of the cavity of the larynx below the true vocal cords.
Subglumaceous
Sub`glu*ma"ceous (?), a. Somewhat glumaceous.
Subgovernor
Sub*gov"ern*or (?), n. A subordinate or assistant governor.
Subgranular
Sub*gran"u*lar (?), a. Somewhat granular.
Subgroup
Sub"group` (?), n. (Biol.) A subdivision of a group, as of animals.
Darwin.
Subhastation
Sub`has*ta"tion (?), n. [L. subhastatio.] A public sale or auction.
[R.] Bp. Burnet.
Subhepatic
Sub`he*pat"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side
of, the liver; -- applied to the interlobular branches of the portal
vein.
Subhornblendic
Sub`horn*blend"ic (?), a. (Min.) Containing hornblende in a scattered
state; of or relating to rocks containing disseminated hornblende.
Subhumerate
Sub*hu"mer*ate (?), v. t. [See Sub-, Humerus.] To place the shoulders
under; to bear. [Obs.]
Nothing surer ties a friend than freely to subhumerate the burden
which was his. Feltham.
Subhyaloid
Sub*hy"a*loid (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the hyaliod membrane.
Subhyoidean
Sub`hy*oid"e*an (?), a. (Anat. & Med.) Situated or performed beneath
the hyoid bone; as, subhyoidean laryngotomy.
Subimago
Sub`i*ma"go (?), n. [NL. See Sub-, and Imago.] (Zo\'94l.) A stage in
the development of certain insects, such as the May flies,
intermediate between the pupa and imago. In this stage, the insect is
able to fly, but subsequently sheds a skin before becoming mature.
Called also pseudimago.
Subincusation
Sub*in`cu*sa"tion (?), n. [Pref. sub + L. incusatio accusation, fr.
incusare to accuse.] A slight charge or accusation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Subindex
Sub*in"dex (?), n.; pl. Subindices (. (Math.) A number or mark placed
opposite the lower part of a letter or symbol to distinguish the
symbol; thus, a0, b1, c2, xn, have 0, 1, 2, and n as subindices.
Subindicate
Sub*in"di*cate (?), v. t. [Pref. sub + indicate: cf. L. subindicare.]
To indicate by signs or hints; to indicate imperfectly. [R.] Dr. H.
More.
Subindication
Sub*in`di*ca"tion (?), n. The act of indicating by signs; a slight
indication. [R.] "The subindication and shadowing of heavenly things."
Barrow.
Subindividual
Sub*in`di*vid"u*al (?), n. A division of that which is individual.
An individual can not branch itself into subindividuals. Milton.
Subinduce
Sub`in*duce" (?), v. t. To insinuate; to offer indirectly. [Obs.] Sir
E. Dering.
Subibfer
Sub`ib*fer" (?), v. t. & i. To infer from an inference already made.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Subinfeudation
Sub*in`feu*da"tion (?), n. (Law) (a) The granting of lands by inferior
lords to their dependents, to be held by themselves by feudal tenure.
Craig. (b) Subordinate tenancy; undertenancy.
The widow is immediate tenant to the heir, by a kind of
subinfeudation, or undertenancy. Blackstone.
Subingression
Sub`in*gres"sion (?), n. Secret entrance. [R.] Boyle.
Subintestinal
Sub`in*tes"ti*nal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral
side of, the intestine.
Subinvolution
Sub*in`vo*lu"tion (?), n. Partial or incomplete involution; as,
subinvolution of the uterus.
Subitaneous
Sub`i*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [L. subitaneus. See Sudden.] Sudden; hasty.
[Obs.] Bullokar. -- Sub`i*ta"ne*ous*ness, n. [Obs.]
Subitany
Sub"i*ta*ny (?), a. Subitaneous; sudden; hasty. [Obs.] Hales.
Subito
Su"bi*to (?), adv. [It. & L.] (Mus.) In haste; quickly; rapidly.
Subjacent
Sub*ja"cent (?), a. [L. subjacens, p.pr. of subjacere to lie under;
sub under + jacere to lie.]
1. Lying under or below.
2. Being in a lower situation, though not directly beneath; as, hills
and subjacent valleys.
Subject
Sub*ject" (?), a. [OE. suget, OF. souzget, sougit (in which the first
part is L. subtus below, fr. sub under), subgiet, subject, F. sujet,
from L. subjectus lying under, subjected, p.p. of subjicere, subicere,
to throw, lay, place, or bring under; sub under + jacere to throw. See
Jet a shooting forth.]
1. Placed or situated under; lying below, or in a lower situation.
[Obs.] Spenser.
2. Placed under the power of another; specifically (International
Law), owing allegiance to a particular sovereign or state; as, Jamaica
is subject to Great Britain.
Esau was never subject to Jacob. Locke.
3. Exposed; liable; prone; disposed; as, a country subject to extreme
heat; men subject to temptation.
All human things are subject to decay. Dryden.
4. Obedient; submissive.
Put them in mind to be subject to principalities. Titus iii. 1.
Syn. -- Liable; subordinate; inferior; obnoxious; exposed. See Liable.
Subject
Sub*ject", n. [From L. subjectus, through an old form of F. sujet. See
Subject, a.]
1. That which is placed under the authority, dominion, control, or
influence of something else.
2. Specifically: One who is under the authority of a ruler and is
governed by his laws; one who owes allegiance to a sovereign or a
sovereign state; as, a subject of Queen Victoria; a British subject; a
subject of the United States.
Was never subject longed to be a king, As I do long and wish to be
a subject. Shak.
The subject must obey his prince, because God commands it, human
laws require it. Swift.
NOTE: &hand; In international law, the term subject is convertible
with citizen.
3. That which is subjected, or submitted to, any physical operation or
process; specifically (Anat.), a dead body used for the purpose of
dissection. <-- also, an animal or person which is studied in a
scientific experiment. -->
4. That which is brought under thought or examination; that which is
taken up for discussion, or concerning which anything is said or done.
"This subject for heroic song." Milton.
Make choice of a subject, beautiful and noble, which . . . shall
afford an ample field of matter wherein to expatiate. Dryden.
The unhappy subject of these quarrels. Shak.
5. The person who is treated of; the hero of a piece; the chief
character.
Writers of particular lives . . . are apt to be prejudiced in favor
of their subject. C. Middleton.
6. (Logic & Gram.) That of which anything is affirmed or predicated;
the theme of a proposition or discourse; that which is spoken of; as,
the nominative case is the subject of the verb.
The subject of a proposition is that concerning which anything is
affirmed or denied. I. Watts.
7. That in which any quality, attribute, or relation, whether
spiritual or material, inheres, or to which any of these appertain;
substance; substratum.
That which manifests its qualities -- in other words, that in which
the appearing causes inhere, that to which they belong -- is called
their subject or substance, or substratum. Sir W. Hamilton.
8. Hence, that substance or being which is conscious of its own
operations; the mind; the thinking agent or principal; the ego. Cf.
Object, n., 2.
The philosophers of mind have, in a manner, usurped and
appropriated this expression to themselves. Accordingly, in their
hands, the phrases conscious or thinking subject, and subject, mean
precisely the same thing. Sir W. Hamilton.
9. (Mus.) The principal theme, or leading thought or phrase, on which
a composition or a movement is based.
The earliest known form of subject is the ecclesiastical cantus
firmus, or plain song. Rockstro.
10. (Fine Arts) The incident, scene, figure, group, etc., which it is
the aim of the artist to represent.
Subject
Sub*ject" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subjected (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subjecting.]
1. To bring under control, power, or dominion; to make subject; to
subordinate; to subdue.
Firmness of mind that subjects every gratification of sense to the
rule of right reason. C. Middleton.
In one short view subjected to our eye, Gods, emperors, heroes,
sages, beauties, lie. Pope.
He is the most subjected, the most Locke.
2. To expose; to make obnoxious or liable; as, credulity subjects a
person to impositions.
3. To submit; to make accountable.
God is not bound to subject his ways of operation to the scrutiny
of our thoughts. Locke.
4. To make subservient.
Subjected to his service angel wings. Milton.
5. To cause to undergo; as, to subject a substance to a white heat; to
subject a person to a rigid test.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1434
Subjected
Sub*ject"ed (?), a.
1. Subjacent. "Led them direct . . . to the subjected plain." [Obs.]
Milton.
2. Reduced to subjection; brought under the dominion of another.
3. Exposed; liable; subject; obnoxious.
Subjection
Sub*jec"tion (?), n. [L. subjectio: cf. OF. subjection, F.
subj\'82tion. See Subject, a.]
1. The act of subjecting, or of bringing under the dominion of
another; the act of subduing.
The conquest of the kingdom, and subjection of the rebels. Sir M.
Hale.
2. The state of being subject, or under the power, control, and
government of another; a state of obedience or submissiveness; as, the
safety of life, liberty, and property depends on our subjection to the
laws. "To be bound under subjection." Chaucer.
Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands. 1 Peter
iii. 1.
Because the subjection of the body to the will is by natural
necessity, the subjection of the will unto God voluntary, we stand
in need of direction after what sort our wills and desires may be
rightly conformed to His. Hooker.
Subjectist
Sub"ject*ist (?), n. (Metaph.) One skilled in subjective philosophy; a
subjectivist.
Subjective
Sub*jec"tive (?), a. [L. subjectivus: cf. F. subjectif.]
1. Of or pertaining to a subject.
2. Especially, pertaining to, or derived from, one's own
consciousness, in distinction from external observation; ralating to
the mind, or intellectual world, in distinction from the outward or
material excessively occupied with, or brooding over, one's own
internal states.
NOTE: &hand; In the philosophy of the mind, subjective denotes what
is to be referred to the thinking subject, the ego; objective, what
belongs to the object of thought, the non-ego. See Objective, a.,
2.
Sir W. Hamilton.
3. (Lit. & Art) Modified by, or making prominent, the individuality of
a writer or an artist; as, a subjective drama or painting; a
subjective writer. Syn. -- See Objective.
Subjective sensation (Physiol.), one of the sensations occurring when
stimuli due to internal causes excite the nervous apparatus of the
sense organs, as when a person imagines he sees figures which have no
objective reality. -- Sub*jec"tive*ly, adv. -- Sub*jec"tive*ness, n.
Subjectivism
Sub*jec"tiv*ism (?), n. (Metaph.) Any philosophical doctrine which
refers all knowledge to, and founds it upon, any subjective states;
egoism.
Subjectivist
Sub*jec"tiv*ist, n. (Metaph.) One who holds to subjectivism; an
egoist.
Subjectivity
Sub`jec*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being subjective;
character of the subject.
Subjectless
Sub"ject*less (?), a. Having no subject.
Subject-matter
Sub"ject-mat`ter (?), n. The matter or thought presented for
consideration in some statement or discussion; that which is made the
object of thought or study.
As to the subject-matter, words are always to be understood as
having a regard thereto. Blackstone.
As science makes progress in any subject-matter, poetry recedes
from it. J. H. Newman.
Subjectness
Sub"ject*ness, n. Quality of being subject. [R.]
Subjicible
Sub*jic"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being subjected. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Subjoin
Sub*join" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subjoined (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subjoining.] [Cf. OF. subjoindre, L. subjungere. See Sub-, and Join,
and cf. Subjective.] To add after something else has been said or
written; to ANNEX; as, to subjoin an argument or reason. Syn. -- To
add; annex; join; unite.
Subjoinder
Sub*join"der (?), n. An additional remark. [R.]
Sub judice
Sub ju"di*ce (?). [L.] Before the judge, or court; not yet decided;
under judicial consideration.
Subjugate
Sub"ju*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subjugated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subjugating.] [L. subjugatus, p.p. of subjugare to subjugate; sub
under + jugum a yoke. See Yoke.] To subdue, and bring under the yoke
of power or dominion; to conquer by force, and compel to submit to the
government or absolute control of another; to vanquish.
He subjugated a king, and called him his "vassal." Baker.
Syn. -- To conquer; subdue; overcome. See Conquer.
Subjugation
Sub`ju*ga"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. subjugation, LL. subjugatio.] The act
of subjugating, or the state of being subjugated.
Subjugator
Sub"ju*ga`tor (?), n. [L.] One who subjugates; a conqueror.
Subjunction
Sub*junc"tion (?), n. [See Subjunctive.]
1. Act of subjoining, or state of being subjoined.
2. Something subjoined; as, a subjunction to a sentence.
Subjunctive
Sub*junc"tive (?), a. [L. subjunctivus, fr. subjungere, subjunctum, to
subjoin: cf. F. subjonctif. See Subjoin.] Subjoined or added to
something before said or written. Subjunctive mood (Gram.), that form
of a verb which express the action or state not as a fact, but only as
a conception of the mind still contingent and dependent. It is
commonly subjoined, or added as subordinate, to some other verb, and
in English is often connected with it by if, that, though, lest,
unless, except, until, etc., as in the following sentence: "If there
were no honey, they [bees] would have no object in visiting the
flower." Lubbock. In some languages, as in Latin and Greek, the
subjunctive is often independent of any other verb, being used in
wishes, commands, exhortations, etc.
Subjunctive
Sub*junc"tive, n. (Gram.) The subjunctive mood; also, a verb in the
subjunctive mood.
Subkingdom
Sub*king"dom (?), n. One of the several primary divisions of either
the animal, or vegetable kingdom, as, in zo\'94logy, the Vertebrata,
Tunicata, Mollusca, Articulata, Molluscoidea, Echinodermata,
C\'d2lentera, and the Protozoa; in botany, the Phanerogamia, and the
Cryptogamia.
Sublapsarian
Sub`lap*sa"ri*an (?), n. & a. [Pref. sub + lapse: cf. F. sublapsarien,
sublapsarie.] (Eccl. Hist.) Same as Infralapsarian.
Sublapsarianism
Sub`lap*sa"ri*an*ism (?), n. Infralapsarianism.
Sublapsary
Sub*lap"sa*ry (?), a. Sublapsarian. Johnson.
Sublate
Sub"late (?), v. t. [From sublatus, used as p.p. of tollere to take
away. See Tolerate.] To take or carry away; to remove. [R.] E. Hall.
Sublation
Sub*la"tion (?), n. [L. sublatio, fr. sublatus, used as p.p. of
tollere to take away.] The act of taking or carrying away; removal.
[R.] Bp. Hall.
Sublative
Sub"la*tive (?), a. Having power, or tending, to take away. [R.]
Harris.
Sublease
Sub"lease` (?), n. (Law) A lease by a tenant or lessee to another
person; an underlease. Bouvier.
Sublessee
Sub`les*see" (?), n. A holder of a sublease.
Sublet
Sub*let" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sublet; p. pr. & vb. n. Subletting.]
To underlet; to lease, as when a lessee leases to another person.
Sublevation
Sub`le*va"tion (?), n. [L. sublevare to lift up; sub under + levare to
lift, raise: cf. L. sublevatio an allevation.]
1. The act of raising on high; elevation. Sir T. More.
2. An uprising; an insurrection. [R.] Sir W. Temple.
Sublibrarian
Sub`li*bra"ri*an (?), n. An under or assistant librarian.
Sublieutenant
Sub`lieu*ten"ant (?), n. [Pref. sub + lieutenant: cf. F.
sous-lieutenant.] An inferior or second lieutenant; in the British
service, a commissioned officer of the lowest rank.
Subligation
Sub`li*ga"tion (?), n. [L. subligatio, from subligare to bind below;
sub under + ligare to bind.] The act of binding underneath. [R.]
Sublimable
Sub*lim"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. sublimable. See Sublime., v. t.] Capable
of being sublimed or sublimated. -- Sub*lim"a*ble*ness, n. Boyle.
Sublimate
Sub"li*mate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sublimated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sublimating.] [L. sublimatus, p.p. of sublimare to raise, elevate, fr.
sublimis high: cf. F. sublimer. See Sublime, a., and cf. Surlime, v.
t.]
1. To bring by heat into the state of vapor, which, on cooling,
returns again to the solid state; as, to sublimate sulphur or camphor.
2. To refine and exalt; to heighten; to elevate.
The precepts of Christianity are . . . so apt to cleanse and
sublimate the more gross and corrupt. Dr. H. More.
Sublimate
Sub"li*mate (?), n. [LL. sublimatum.] (Chem.) A product obtained by
sublimation; hence, also, a purified product so obtained. Corrosive
sublimate. (Chem.) See under Corrosive.
Sublimate
Sub"li*mate, a. [LL. sublimatus.] Brought into a state of vapor by
heat, and again condensed as a solid.
Sublimated
Sub"li*ma`ted (?), a. Refined by, or as by, sublimation; exalted;
purified.
[Words] whose weight best suits a sublimated strain. Dryden.
Sublimation
Sub"li*ma`tion (?), n. [LL. sublimatio: cf. F. sublimation.]
1. (Chem.) The act or process of subliming, or the state or result of
being sublimed. <-- the process of vaporizing a solid and recondensing
it into a solid, without it having first passed into the liquid state.
Certain solids, such as camphor, have a suffiently high vapor pressure
in the solid phase to make this a practical method for purification.
-->
2. The act of heightening or improving; exaltation; elevation;
purification.
3. That which is sublimed; the product of a purifying process.
Religion is the perfection, refinement, and sublimation of
morality. South.
Sublimatory
Sub"li*ma*to*ry (?), a. Used for sublimation; as, sublimatory vessels.
Boyle.
Sublimatory
Sub"li*ma*to*ry, n. A vessel used for sublimation.
Vials, crosslets, and sublimatories. Chaucer.
Sublime
Sub*lime" (?), a. [Compar. Sublimer (?); superl. Sublimest.] [L.
sublimis; sub under + (perhaps) a word akin to limen lintel, sill,
thus meaning, up to the lintel: cf. F. sublime. Cf. Eliminate.]
1. Lifted up; high in place; exalted aloft; uplifted; lofty.
Sublime on these a tower of steel is reared. Dryden.
2. Distinguished by lofty or noble traits; eminent; -- said of
persons. "The sublime Julian leader." De Quincey.
3. Awakening or expressing the emotion of awe, adoration, veneration,
heroic resolve, etc.; dignified; grand; solemn; stately; -- said of an
impressive object in nature, of an action, of a discourse, of a work
of art, of a spectacle, etc.; as, sublime scenery; a sublime deed.
Easy in words thy style, in sense sublime. Prior.
Know how sublime a thing it is To suffer and be strong. Longfellow.
4. Elevated by joy; elate. [Poetic]
Their hearts were jocund and sublime, Drunk with idolatry, drunk
with wine. Milton.
5. Lofty of mien; haughty; proud. [Poetic] "Countenance sublime and
insolent." Spenser.
His fair, large front and eye sublime declared Absolute rule.
Milton.
Syn. -- Exalted; lofty; noble; majestic. See Grand.
Sublime
Sub*lime", n. That which is sublime; -- with the definite article; as:
(a) A grand or lofty style in speaking or writing; a style that
expresses lofty conceptions.
The sublime rises from the nobleness of thoughts, the magnificence
of words, or the harmonious and lively turn of the phrase. Addison.
(b) That which is grand in nature or art, as distinguished from the
merely beautiful.
Sublime
Sub*lime", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sublimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subliming.] [Cf. L. sublimare, F. sublimer to subject to sublimation.
See Sublime, a., and cf. Sublimate, v. t.]
1. To raise on high. [Archaic]
A soul sublimed by an idea above the region of vanity and conceit.
E. P. Whipple.
2. (Chem.) To subject to the process of sublimation; to heat,
volatilize, and condense in crystals or powder; to distill off, and
condense in solid form; hence, also, to purify.
3. To exalt; to heighten; to improve; to purify.
The sun . . . Which not alone the southern wit sublimes, But ripens
spirits in cold, northern climes. Pope.
4. To dignify; to ennoble.
An ordinary gift can not sublime a person to a supernatural
employment. Jer. Taylor.
Sublime
Sub*lime" (?), v. i. (Chem.) To pass off in vapor, with immediate
condensation; specifically, to evaporate or volatilize from the solid
state without apparent melting; -- said of those substances, like
arsenic, benzoic acid, etc., which do not exhibit a liquid form on
heating, except under increased pressure.
Sublimed
Sub*limed" (?), a. (Chem.) Having been subjected to the process of
sublimation; hence, also, purified. "Sublimed mercurie." Chaucer.
Sublimely
Sub*lime"ly (?), adv. In a sublime manner.
Sublimeness
Sub*lime"ness, n. The quality or state of being sublime; sublimity.
Sublimification
Sub*lim`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. sublimis sublime + -ficare to make.
See -ry.] The act of making sublime, or state of being made sublime.
Sublimity
Sub*lim"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Sublimities (#). [L. sublimitas: cf. F.
sublimit\'82.]
1. The quality or state of being sublime (in any sense of the
adjective).
2. That which is sublime; as, the sublimities of nature. Syn. --
Grandeur; magnificence. -- Sublimity, Grandeur. The mental state
indicated by these two words is the same, namely, a mingled emotion of
astonishment and awe. In speaking of the quality which produces this
emotion, we call it grandeur when it springs from what is vast in
space, power, etc.; we call it sublimity when it springs from what is
elevated far above the ordinary incidents of humanity. An immense
plain is grand. The heavens are not only grand, but sublime (as the
predominating emotion), from their immense height. Exalted intellect,
and especially exalted virtue under severe trials, give us the sense
of moral sublimity, as in the case of our Savior in his prayer for his
murderers. We do not speak of Satan, when standing by the fiery gulf,
with his "unconquerable will and study of revenge," as a sublime
object; but there is a melancholy grandeur thrown around him, as of an
"archangel ruined."
Sublineation
Sub*lin`e*a"tion (?), n. A mark of a line or lines under a word in a
sentence, or under another line; underlining.
Sublingua
Sub*lin"gua (?), n.; pl. Sublingu\'91 (#). [NL.] (Anat.) A process or
fold below the tongue in some animals.
Sublingual
Sub*lin"gual (?), a. [Pref. sub + lingual: cf. F. sublingual.] (Anat.)
(a) Situated under the tongue; as, the sublingual gland. (b) Of or
pertaining to the sublingual gland; as, sublingual salvia.
Sublition
Sub*li"tion (?), n. [L. sublinere, sublitum, to smear, to lay on as a
ground color.] (Paint.) The act or process of laying the ground in a
painting. [R.]
Sublittoral
Sub*lit"to*ral (?), a. Under the shore. Smart.
Sublobular
Sub*lob"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or at the bases of, the
lobules of the liver.
Sublumbar
Sub*lum"bar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of,
the lumbar region of the vertebral column.
Sublunar, Sublunary
Sub*lu"nar (?), Sub"lu*na*ry (?), a. [Pref. sub + lunar, or lunary:
cf. F. sublunaire.] Situated beneath the moon; hence, of or pertaining
to this world; terrestrial; earthly.
All things sublunary are subject to change. Dryden.
All sublunary comforts imitate the changeableness, as well as feel
the influence, of the planet they are under. South.
Sublunary
Sub"lu*na*ry, n. Any worldly thing. [Obs.]
Subluxation
Sub`lux*a"tion (?), n. [Pref. sub + luxation: cf. F. subluxation.]
(Surg.) An incomplete or partial dislocation.
Submammary
Sub*mam"ma*ry (?), a. Situated under the mamm\'91; as, submammary
inflammation.
Submarine
Sub`ma*rine" (?), a. Being, acting, or growing, under water in the
sea; as, submarine navigators; submarine plants. Submarine armor, a
waterproof dress of strong material, having a helmet into which air
for breathing is pumped through a tube leading from above the surface
to enable a diver to remain under water. -- Submarine cable. See
Telegraph cable, under Telegraph. -- Submarine mine. See Torpedo, 2
(a).
Submarine
Sub*ma*rine", n. A submarine plant or animal. <-- 2. A ship that can
travel under the surface of the water. Most such ships are ships of
war, part of the navy. Also called (from the German U-Boot) U-boat.
Nuclear submarine. A submarine powered by a nuclear reactor. Attack
submarine. A submarine designed to attack other ships, including other
submarines. 3. A stowaway on a seagoing vessel. [Colloq.] -->
Submarshal
Sub*mar"shal (?), n. An under or deputy marshal.
Submaxillary
Sub*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Situated under the maxilla, or
lower jaw; inframaxillary; as, the submaxillary gland. (b) Of or
pertaining to submaxillary gland; as, submaxillary salvia.
Submedial
Sub*me"di*al (?), a. Lying under the middle.
Submedian
Sub*me"di*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Next to the median (on either side);
as, the submedian teeth of mollusks.
Submediant
Sub*me"di*ant (?), n. (Mus.) The sixth tone of the scale; the under
mediant, or third below the keynote; the superdominant.
Submental
Sub*men"tal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the chin; as, the submental
artery.
Submentum
Sub*men"tum (?), n.; pl. Submenta (#). [NL. See Sub-, and Mentum.]
(Zo\'94l.) The basal part of the labium of insects. It bears the
mentum.
Submerge
Sub*merge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Submerged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Submerging (?).] [L. submergere, submersum; sub under + mergere to
plunge: cf. F. submerger. See Merge.]
1. To put under water; to plunge.
2. To cover or overflow with water; to inundate; to flood; to drown.
I would thou didst, So half my Egypt were submerged. Shak.
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Submerge
Sub*merge" (?), v. i. To plunge into water or other fluid; to be
buried or covered, as by a fluid; to be merged; hence, to be
completely included.
Some say swallows submerge in ponds. Gent. Mag.
Submergence
Sub*mer"gence (?), n. [From L. submergens, p.pr.] The act of
submerging, or the state of being submerged; submersion.
Submerse
Sub*merse" (?), a. (Bot.) Submersed.
Submersed
Sub*mersed" (?), a. [L. submersus, p.p. of submergere. See Submerge.]
Being or growing under water, as the leaves of aquatic plants.
Submersion
Sub*mer"sion (?), n. [L. submersio: cf. F. submersion.]
1. The act of submerging, or putting under water or other fluid, or of
causing to be overflowed; the act of plunging under water, or of
drowning.
2. The state of being put under water or other fluid, or of being
overflowed or drowned.
Submetallic
Sub`me*tal"lic (?), a. Imperfectly metallic; as, a submetallic luster.
Subminister
Sub*min"is*ter (?), v. t. [L. subministrare, subministratum. See Sub-,
and Ministre, v. t.] To supply; to afford. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
Subminister
Sub*min"is*ter, v. i. To be subservient; to be useful. [Obs.] "Our
passions . . . subminister to the best and worst purposes."
L'EStrange.
Subministrant
Sub*min"is*trant (?), a. [L. subministrans, p.pr.] Subordinate;
subservient. [Obs.] Bacon.
Subministrate
Sub*min"is*trate (?), v. t. [See Subminister.] To supply; to afford;
to subminister. [Obs.] Harvey.
Subministration
Sub*min`is*tra"tion (?), n. [L. subministratio.] The act of
subministering. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
Submiss
Sub*miss" (?), a. [L. submissus, p.p. of submittere to let down, to
lower. See Submit.]
1. Submissive; humble; obsequious. [Archaic] "Soft Silence and submiss
Obedience." Spenser. "Stooping and submiss." R. L. Stevenson.
2. Gentle; soft; calm; as, submiss voices. [R.]
Submission
Sub*mis"sion (?), n. [L. submissio a letting down, lowering: cf. F.
soumission.]
1. The act of submitting; the act of yielding to power or authority;
surrender of the person and power to the control or government of
another; obedience; compliance.
Submission, dauphin! 't is a mere French word; We English warrious
wot not what it means. Shak.
2. The state of being submissive; acknowledgement of inferiority or
dependence; humble or suppliant behavior; meekness; resignation.
In all submission and humility York doth present himself unto your
highness. Shak.
No duty in religion is more justly required by God . . . than a
perfect submission to his will in all things. Sir W. Temple.
3. Acknowledgement of a fault; confession of error.
Be not as extreme in submission As in offense. Shak.
4. (Law) An agreement by which parties engage to submit any matter of
controversy between them to the decision of arbitrators. Wharton (Law
Dict.). Bouvier.
Submissive
Sub*mis"sive (?), a.
1. Inclined or ready to submit; acknowledging one's inferiority;
yielding; obedient; humble.
Not at his feet submissive in distress, Creature so fair his
reconcilement seeking. Milton.
2. Showing a readiness to submit; expressing submission; as, a
submissive demeanor.
With a submissive step I hasted down. Prior.
Syn. -- Obedient; compliant; yielding; obsequious; subservient;
humble; modest; passive. -- Sub*mis"sive*ly, adv. --
Sub*mis"sive*ness, n.
Submissly
Sub*miss"ly (?), adv. In a submissive manner; with a submission.
[Archaic] Jer. Taylor.
Submissness
Sub*miss"ness, n. Submissiveness. [Obs.]
Submit
Sub*mit" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Submitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Submitting.] [L. submittere; sub under + mittere to send: cf. F.
soumettre. See Missile.]
1. To let down; to lower. [Obs.]
Sometimes the hill submits itself a while. Dryden.
2. To put or place under.
The bristled throat Of the submitted sacrifice with ruthless steel
he cut. Chapman.
3. To yield, resign, or surrender to power, will, or authority; --
often with the reflexive pronoun.
Ye ben submitted through your free assent. Chaucer.
The angel of the Lord said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and
submit thyself under her hands. Gen. xvi. 9.
Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands. Eph. v. 22.
4. To leave or commit to the discretion or judgment of another or
others; to refer; as, to submit a controversy to arbitrators; to
submit a question to the court; -- often followed by a dependent
proposition as the object.
Whether the condition of the clergy be able to bear a heavy burden,
is submitted to the house. Swift.
We submit that a wooden spoon of our day would not be justified in
calling Galileo and Napier blockheads because they never heard of
the differential calculus. Macaulay.
Submit
Sub*mit", v. i.
1. To yield one's person to the power of another; to give up
resistance; to surrender.
The revolted provinces presently submitted. C. Middleton.
2. To yield one's opinion to the opinion of authority of another; to
be subject; to acquiesce.
To thy husband's will Thine shall submit. Milton.
3. To be submissive or resigned; to yield without murmuring.
Our religion requires from us . . . to submit to pain, disgrace,
and even death. Rogers.
Submitter
Sub*mit"ter (?), n. One who submits. Whitlock.
Submonish
Sub*mon"ish (?), v. t. [L. submonere. See Summon, and -ish.] To
suggest; to prompt. [R.] "The submonishing inclinations of my senses."
T. Granger.
Submonition
Sub`mo*ni"tion (?), n. [LL. submonitio.] Suggestion; prompting. [R.]
T. Granger.
Submucous
Sub*mu"cous (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under a mucous membrane.
Submultiple
Sub*mul"ti*ple (?), n. (Math.) A number or quality which is contained
in another an exact number of times, or is an aliquot part of it;
thus, 7 is the submultiple of 56, being contained in it eight times.
Submultiple
Sub*mul"ti*ple, a. (Math.) Of or pertaining to a submultiple; being a
submultiple; as, a submultiple number; submultiple ratio.
Submuscular
Sub*mus"cu*lar (?), a. Situated underneath a muscle or muscles.
Subnarcotic
Sub`nar*cot"ic (?), a. (Med.) Moderately narcotic.
Subnasal
Sub*na"sal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the nose; as, the subnasal
point, or the middle point of the inferior border of the anterior
nasal aperture.
Subnascent
Sub*nas"cent (?), a. [L. subnascens, p.pr. of subnasci to grow under;
sub under + nasci to be born.] Growing underneath. [R.] Evelyn.
Subnect
Sub*nect" (?), v. t. [L. subnectere, subnextum; sub under + nectere to
tie.] To tie or fasten beneath; to join beneath. [R.] Pope.
Subnex
Sub*nex" (?), v. t. [See Subnect.] To subjoin; to subnect. [Obs.]
Holland.
Subnormal
Sub*nor"mal (?), n. (Geom.) That part of the axis of a curved line
which is intercepted between the ordinate and the normal.
Subnotation
Sub`no*ta"tion (?), n. [L. subnotatio a signing underneath, fr.
subnotare to subscribe; sub under + notare to note or mark.] A
rescript. Bouvier.
Subnotochordal
Sub*no`to*chor"dal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated on the ventral side of the
notochord; as, the subnotochordal rod.
Subnuvolar
Sub*nu"vo*lar (?), a. [Pref. sub + It. nuvola cloud: cf. L. subnubilus
somewhat cloudy.] Under the clouds; attended or partly covered or
obscured by clouds; somewhat cloudy. [R. & Poetic]
Subnuvolar lights of evening sharply slant. Milnes.
Subobscurely
Sub`ob*scure"ly (?), adv. Somewhat obscurely or darkly. [R.] Donne.
Subobtuse
Sub`ob*tuse" (?), a. Partially obtuse.
Suboccipital
Sub`oc*cip"i*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or posterior to, the
occiput; as, the suboccipital, or first cervical, nerve.
Suboctave, Suboctuple
Sub*oc"tave (?), Sub*oc"tu*ple (?), a. Containing one part of eight;
having the ratio of one to eight. Bp. Wilkins.
Subocular
Sub*oc"u*lar (?), a. [Pref. sub + ocular: cf. L. subocularis.] (Anat.)
Situated under, or on the ventral side of, the eye.
Subofficer
Sub*of"fi*cer (?), n. [Pref. sub + officer: cf. F. sous-officer.] An
under or subordinate officer.
Subopercular
Sub`o*per"cu*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated below the operculum;
pertaining to the suboperculum. -- n. The suboperculum.
Suboperculum
Sub`o*per"cu*lum (?), n. [NL. See Sub-, Operculum.] (Anat.) The lower
opercular bone in fishes.
Suborbicular, Suborbiculate
Sub`or*bic"u*lar (?), Sub`or*bic"u*late (?), a. Almost orbiculate or
orbicular.
Suborbital, Suborbitar
Sub*or"bit*al (?), Sub*or"bit*ar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under or
below the orbit.
Suborder
Sub*or"der (?), n. (Nat. Hist.) A division of an order; a group of
genera of a little lower rank than an order and of greater importance
than a tribe or family; as, cichoraceous plants form a suborder of
Composit\'91.
Subordinacy
Sub*or"di*na*cy (?), n. [See Subordinate.] The quality or state of
being subordinate, or subject to control; subordination, as, to bring
the imagination to act in subordinacy to reason. Spectator.
Subordinance, Subordinancy
Sub*or"di*nance (?), Sub*or"di*nan*cy (?), n. [Pref. sub + L.
ordinans, p.pr. of ordinare. See Subordinate, a.] Subordinacy;
subordination. [Obs.] Dr. H. More. Sir W. Temple.
Subordinary
Sub*or"di*na*ry (?), n. (Her.) One of several heraldic bearings
somewhat less common than an ordinary. See Ordinary.
NOTE: &hand; Di fferent wr iters na me di fferent be arings as
subordinaries, but the bar, bend, sinister, pile, inescutcheon
bordure, gyron, and quarter, are always considered subordinaries by
those who do not class them as ordinaries.
Subordinate
Sub*or"di*nate (?), a. [Pref. sub + L. ordinatus, p.p. of ordinare to
set in order, to arrange. See Ordain.]
1. Placed in a lower order, class, or rank; holding a lower or
inferior position.
The several kinds and subordinate species of each are easily
distinguished. Woodward.
2. Inferior in order, nature, dignity, power, importance, or the like.
It was subordinate, not enslaved, to the understanding. South.
Subordinate
Sub*or"di*nate, n. One who stands in order or rank below another; --
distinguished from a principal. Milton.
Subordinate
Sub*or"di*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subordinated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Subordinating.]
1. To place in a lower order or class; to make or consider as of less
value or importance; as, to subordinate one creature to another.
2. To make subject; to subject or subdue; as, to subordinate the
passions to reason. -- Sub*or"di*nate*ly, adv. -- Sub*or"di*nate*ness,
n.
Subordination
Sub*or`di*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. subordination.]
1. The act of subordinating, placing in a lower order, or subjecting.
2. The quality or state of being subordinate or inferior to an other;
inferiority of rank or dignity; subjection.
Natural creature having a local subordination. Holyday.
3. Place of inferior rank.
Persons who in their several subordinations would be obliged to
follow the example of their superiors. Swift.
Subordinative
Sub*or"di*na*tive (?), a. Tending to subordinate; expressing
subordination; used to introduce a subordinate sentence; as, a
subordinative conjunction.
Suborn
Sub*orn" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suborned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suborning.] [F. suborner, L. subornare; sub under, secretly + ornare
to furnish, provide, equip, adorn. See Ornament.]
1. (Law) To procure or cause to take a false oath amounting to
perjury, such oath being actually taken. Sir W. O. Russell.
2. To procure privately, or by collusion; to procure by indirect
means; to incite secretly; to instigate.
Thou art suborned against his honor. Shak.
Those who by despair suborn their death. Dryden.
Subornation
Sub`or*na"tion (?), n. [F. subornation.]
1. (Law) The act of suborning; the crime of procuring a person to take
such a false oath as constitutes perjury. Blackstone.
2. The sin or offense of procuring one to do a criminal or bad action,
as by bribes or persuasion.
Foul subornation is predominant. Shak.
The sort of chicanery attending the subornation of managers in the
Leibnitz controversy. De Quinsey.
Suborner
Sub*orn"er (?), n. One who suborns or procures another to take, a
false oath; one who procures another to do a bad action.
Suboval
Sub*o"val (?), a. Somewhat oval; nearly oval.
Subovate
Sub*o"vate (?), a. Nearly in the form of an egg, or of the section of
an egg, but having the inferior extremity broadest; nearly ovate.
Subovated
Sub*o"va*ted (?), a. Subovate. [R.]
Suboxide
Sub*ox"ide (?), n. (Chem.) An oxide containing a relatively small
amount of oxygen, and less than the normal proportion; as, potassium
suboxide, K4O.
Subpeduncular
Sub`pe*dun"cu*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated beneath the peduncle; as,
the subpeduncular lobe of the cerebellum.
Subpedunculate
Sub`pe*dun"cu*late (?), a. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Supported on, or growing
from, a very short stem; having a short peduncle.
Subpellucid
Sub`pel*lu"cid (?), a. Somewhat pellucid; nearly pellucid.
Subpena
Sub*pe"na (?), n. & v. t. See Subp\'d2na.
Subpentangular
Sub`pen*tan"gu*lar (?), a. Nearly or approximately pentangular; almost
pentangular.
Subpericardial
Sub*per`i*car"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the cardiac
pericardium.
Subperiosteal
Sub*per`i*os"te*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the periosteum.
Subperiosteal operation (Surg.), a removal of bone effected without
taking away the periosteum.
Subperitoneal
Sub*per`i*to"ne*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the peritoneal
membrane.
Subpetiolar
Sub*pet"i*o*lar (?), a. (Bot.) Concealed within the base of the
petiole, as the leaf buds of the plane tree.
Subpleural
Sub*pleu"ral (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the pleural membrane.
Subpodophyllous
Sub*pod`o*phyl"lous (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the podophyllous
tissue of the horse's foot.
Subp\'d2na
Sub*p\'d2"na (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sub under + poena punishment. See
Pain.] (Law) A writ commanding the attendance in court, as a witness,
of the person on whom it is served, under a penalty; the process by
which a defendant in equity is commanded to appear and answer the
plaintiff's bill. [Written also subpena.] Subp\'d2na ad testificandum
(. [NL.] A writ used to procure the attendance of a witness for the
purpose of testifying. -- Subp\'d2na duces tecum (. [NL.] A writ which
requires a witness to attend and bring certain documents.
Subp\'d2na
Sub*p\'d2"na, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subp\'d2naed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subp\'d2naing.] (Law) To serve with a writ of subp\'d2na; to command
attendance in court by a legal writ, under a penalty in case of
disobedience.
Subp\'d2nal
Sub*p\'d2"nal (?), a. Required or done under penalty. Gauden.
Subpolar
Sub*po"lar (?), a. Situated below the poles.
Subpolygonal
Sub`po*lyg"o*nal (?), a. Approximately polygonal; somewhat or almost
polygonal.
Subprehensile
Sub`pre*hen"sile (?), a. Somewhat prehensile; prehensile in an
inferior degree.
Subprior
Sub*pri"or (?), n. [Pref. sub + prior: cf. F. sous-prieur.] (Eccl.)
The vicegerent of a prior; a claustral officer who assists the prior.
Subpubic
Sub*pu"bic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or posterior to, the pubic
bones.
Subpulmonary
Sub*pul"mo*na*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral
side of, the lungs.
Subpurchaser
Sub*pur"chas*er (?), n. A purchaser who buys from a purchaser; one who
buys at second hand.
Subpyriform
Sub*pyr"i*form (?), a. Somewhat pyriform.
Subquadrate
Sub*quad"rate (?), a. Nearly or approximately square; almost square.
Subquadruple
Sub*quad"ru*ple (?), a. Containing one part of four; in the ratio of
one to four; as, subquadruple proportion. Bp. Wilkins.
Subquinquefid
Sub*quin"que*fid (?), a. Almost quinquefid; nearly quinquefid.
Subquintuple
Sub*quin"tu*ple (?), a. Having the ratio of one to five; as,
subquintuple proportion. Bp. Wilkins.
Subreader
Sub*read"er (?), n. (Law) An under reader in the inns of court, who
reads the texts of law the reader is to discourse upon. [Eng.] Crabb.
Subrector
Sub*rec"tor (?), n. An assistant restor. [Eng.]
Subreligion
Sub`re*li"gion (?), n. A secondary religion; a belief or principle
held in a quasi religious veneration.
Loyalty is in the English a subreligion. Emerson.
Subreption
Sub*rep"tion (?), n. [L. subreptio, fr. subripere, subreptum, to
snatch or take away secretly: cf. F. subreption. See Surreptitious.]
The act of obtaining a favor by surprise, or by unfair representation
through suppression or fraudulent concealment of facts. Bp. Hall.
Subreptitious
Sub`rep*ti"tious (?), a. [L. subreptitius. See Surreptitious.]
Surreptitious. [Obs.] -- Sub`rep*ti"tious*ly (#), adv. [Obs.]
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Subreptive
Sub*rep"tive (?), a. [L. subreptivus.] Surreptitious. [Obs.]
Subrigid
Sub*rig"id (?), a. Somewhat rigid or stiff.
Subriguous
Sub*rig"u*ous (?), a. [L. subriguus; sub under + riguus watered, akin
to rigare to water.] Watered or wet beneath; well-watered. [Obs.]
Blount.
Subrogate
Sub"ro*gate (?), v. t. [L. subrogatus, p.p. of subrogare. See
Surrogate.] To put in the place of another; to substitute. Barrow.
Subrogation
Sub`ro*ga"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. subrogation, LL. subrogatio.] The act
of subrogating. Specifically: (Law) The substitution of one person in
the place of another as a creditor, the new creditor succeeding to the
rights of the former; the mode by which a third person who pays a
creditor succeeds to his rights against the debtor. Bouvier. Burrill.
Abbott.
Subrotund
Sub`ro*tund" (?), a. Somewhat rotund.
Subsacral
Sub*sa"cral (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral side of,
the sacrum.
Subsaline
Sub`sa*line" (?), a. Moderately saline or salt.
Subsalt
Sub"salt` (?), n. (Chem.) A basic salt. See the Note under Salt.
Subsannation
Sub`san*na"tion (?), n. [L. subsannatio, fr. subsannare to deride by
mimicking gestures.] Derision; mockery. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Subscapular, Subscapulary
Sub*scap"u*lar (?), Sub*scap"u*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Situated beneath
the scapula; infrascapular; as, the subscapular muscle.
Subscribable
Sub*scrib"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being subscribed. [R.]
Subscribe
Sub*scribe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subscribed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subscribing.] [L. subscribere, subscriptum; sub under + scribere to
write: cf. F. souscrire. See Scribe.]
1. To write underneath, as one's name; to sign (one's name) to a
document.
[They] subscribed their names under them. Sir T. More.
2. To sign with one's own hand; to give consent to, as something
written, or to bind one's self to the terms of, by writing one's name
beneath; as, parties subscribe a covenant or contract; a man
subscribes a bond.
All the bishops subscribed the sentence. Milman.
3. To attest by writing one's name beneath; as, officers subscribe
their official acts, and secretaries and clerks subscribe copies or
records.
4. To promise to give, by writing one's name with the amount; as, each
man subscribed ten dollars.
5. To sign away; to yield; to surrender. [Obs.] Shak.
6. To declare over one's signature; to publish. [Obs.]
Either or must shortly hear from him, or I will subscribe him a
coward. Shak.
Subscribe
Sub*scribe", v. i.
1. To sign one's name to a letter or other document. Shak.
2. To give consent to something written, by signing one's name; hence,
to assent; to agree.
So spake, so wished, much humbled Eve; but Fate Subscribed not.
Milton.
3. To become surely; -- with for. [R.] Shak.
4. To yield; to admit one's self to be inferior or in the wrong.
[Obs.]
I will subscribe, and say I wronged the duke. Shak.
5. To set one's name to a paper in token of promise to give a certain
sum.
6. To enter one's name for a newspaper, a book, etc.
Subscriber
Sub*scrib"er (?), n.
1. One who subscribes; one who contributes to an undertaking by
subscribing.
2. One who enters his name for a paper, book, map, or the like.
Dryden.
Subscript
Sub"script (?), a. [L. subscriptus, p.p. See Subscribe.] Written below
or underneath; as, iota subscript. (See under Iota.) Specifically
(Math.), said of marks, figures, or letters (suffixes), written below
and usually to the right of other letters to distinguish them; as, a,
n, 2, in the symbols Xa, An, Y2. See Suffix, n., 2, and Subindex.
Subscript
Sub"script, n. Anything written below. Bentley.
Subscription
Sub*scrip"tion (?), n. [L. subscriptio: cf. F. souscription.]
1. The act of subscribing.
2. That which is subscribed. Specifically: (a) A paper to which a
signature is attached. (b) The signature attached to a paper. (c)
Consent or attestation by underwriting the name. (d) Sum subscribed;
amount of sums subscribed; as, an individual subscription to a fund.
3. (Eccl.) The acceptance of articles, or other tests tending to
promote uniformity; esp. (Ch. of Eng.), formal assent to the
Thirty-nine Articles and the Book of Common Prayer, required before
ordination.
4. Submission; obedience. [Obs.]
You owe me no subscription. Shak.
5. (Pharm.) That part of a prescription which contains the direction
to the apothecary. <-- 6. A method of purchasing items produced
periodically in a series, as newspapers or magazines, in which a
certain number of the items are delivered as produced, without need
for ordering each item individually; also, the purchase thus executed.
NOTE: The ri ght to at tend a se ries of pu blic performances of
ballet, opera, or music are also often sold by subscription. The
payment for a subscription may be made prior to delivery of any
items (common with magazines and performances), or after a certain
number of the items have been delivered (common with newspapers or
works of art produced in a series).
7. An application to purchase a certain number of securities to be
delivered when they are newly issued. -->
Subscriptive
Sub*scrip"tive (?), a. Of or pertaining to a subscription, or
signature. "The subscriptive part." Richardson. -- Sub*scrip"tive*ly,
adv.
Subsecute
Sub"se*cute (?), v. t. [L. subsecutus, p.p. of subsequi. See
Subsequent.] To follow closely, or so as to overtake; to pursue.
[Obs.]
To follow and detain him, if by any possibility he could be
subsecuted and overtaken. E. Hall.
Subsecutive
Sub*sec"u*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. subs\'82cutif.] Following in a train or
succession. [R.]
Subsellium
Sub*sel"li*um (?), n.; pl. Subsellia (#). [L.] (Eccl. Arch.) One of
the stalls of the lower range where there are two ranges. See Illust.
of Stall.
Subsemitone
Sub*sem"i*tone (?), n. (Mus.) The sensible or leading note, or sharp
seventh, of any key; subtonic.
Subsensible
Sub*sen"si*ble (?), a. Deeper than the reach of the senses. "That
subsensible world." Tyndall.
Subseptuple
Sub*sep"tu*ple (?), a. Having the ratio of one to seven. Bp. Wilkins.
Subsequence, Subsequency
Sub"se*quence (?), Sub"se*quen*cy (?), n. The act or state of
following; -- opposed to precedence.
Subsequent
Sub"se*quent (?), a. [L. subsequens, -entis, p.pr. of subsequi to
follow, succeed: cf. F. subs\'82quent. See Sue to follow.]
1. Following in time; coming or being after something else at any
time, indefinitely; as, subsequent events; subsequent ages or years; a
period long subsequent to the foundation of Rome.
2. Following in order of place; succeeding; as, a subsequent clause in
a treaty. "The subsequent words come on before the precedent vanish."
Bacon.
Subsequently
Sub"se*quent*ly, adv. At a later time; afterwards.
Subserous
Sub*se"rous (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under a serous membrane.
Subserve
Sub*serve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subserved (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subserving.] [L. subservire; sub under + servire to serve. See Serve.]
To serve in subordination or instrumentally; to be subservient to; to
help forward; to promote.
It is a great credit to know the ways of captivating Nature, and
making her subserve our purposes, than to have learned all the
intrigues of policy. Glanvill.
Subserve
Sub*serve", v. i. To be subservient or subordinate; to serve in an
inferior capacity.
Not made to rule, But to subserve where wisdom bears command.
Milton.
Subservience, Subserviency
Sub*serv"i*ence (?), Sub*serv"i*en*cy (?), n. The quality or state of
being subservient; instrumental fitness or use; hence, willingness to
serve another's purposes; in a derogatory sense, servility.
The body wherein appears much fitness, use, and subserviency to
infinite functions. Bentley.
There is a regular subordination and subserviency among all the
parts to beneficial ends. Cheyne.
Subservient
Sub*serv"i*ent (?), a. [L. subserviens, -entis, p.pr. See Subserve.]
Fitted or disposed to subserve; useful in an inferior capacity;
serving to promote some end; subordinate; hence, servile, truckling.
Scarce ever reading anything which he did not make subservient in
one kind or other. Bp. Fell.
These ranks of creatures are subservient one to another. Ray.
Their temporal ambition was wholly subservient to their
proselytizing spirit. Burke.
Subserviently
Sub*serv"i*ent*ly, adv. In a subservient manner.
Subsesqui-
Sub*ses"qui- (?). [Pref. sub- + sesqui\'cf.] (Chem.) A prefix (also
used adjectively) denoting the combination of constituents (especially
electro-negative and electro-positive bodies) in the proportion of two
to three; as, a subsesqui acetate, i. e., a salt having two
equivalents of acetic acid to three of the base.
Subsextuple
Sub*sex"tu*ple (?), a. Having the ratio of one to six; as, a
subsextuple proportion. Bp. Wilkins.
Subside
Sub*side" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Subsided; p. pr. & vb. n.
Subsiding.] [L. subsidere; sub under, below + sidere to sit down, to
settle; akin to sedere to sit, E. sit. See Sit.]
1. To sink or fall to the bottom; to settle, as lees.
2. To tend downward; to become lower; to descend; to sink. "Heaven's
subsiding hill." Dryden.
3. To fall into a state of quiet; to cease to rage; to be calmed; to
settle down; to become tranquil; to abate; as, the sea subsides; the
tumults of war will subside; the fever has subsided. "In cases of
danger, pride and envy naturally subside." C. Middleton. Syn. -- See
Abate.
Subsidence, Subsidency
Sub*sid"ence (?), Sub*sid"en*cy (?), n. [L. subsidens, -entis, p.pr.
of subsidere. See Subside.] The act or process of subsiding.
The subdual or subsidence of the more violent passions. Bp.
Warburton.
Subsidiarily
Sub*sid"i*a*ri*ly (?), adv. In a subsidiary manner; so as to assist.
Subsidiary
Sub*sid"i*a*ry (?), a. [L. subsidiarius: cf. F. subsidiaire. See
Subsidy.]
1. Furnishing aid; assisting; auxiliary; helping; tributary;
especially, aiding in an inferior position or capacity; as, a
subsidiary stream.
Chief ruler and principal head everywhere, not suffragant and
subsidiary. Florio.
They constituted a useful subsidiary testimony of another state of
existence. Coleridge.
2. Of or pertaining to a subsidy; constituting a subsidy; being a part
of, or of the nature of, a subsidy; as, subsidiary payments to an
ally.
George the Second relied on his subsidiary treaties. Ld. Mahon.
Subsidiary
Sub*sid"i*a*ry, n.; pl. Subsidiaries (. One who, or that which,
contributes aid or additional supplies; an assistant; an auxiliary.
Hammond.
Subsidize
Sub"si*dize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subsidized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subsidizing (?).] [From Subsidy.] To furnish with a subsidy; to
purchase the assistance of by the payment of a subsidy; to aid or
promote, as a private enterprise, with public money; as, to subsidize
a steamship line.
He employed the remittances from Spain to subsidize a large body of
German mercenaries. Prescott.
Subsidy
Sub"si*dy (?), n.; pl. Subsidies (#). [L. subsidium the troops
stationed in reserve in the third line of battlem reserve, support,
help, fr. subsidere to sit down, lie in wait: cf. F. subside. See
Subside.]
1. Support; aid; co\'94peration; esp., extraordinary aid in money
rendered to the sovereign or to a friendly power.
They advised the king to send speedy aids, and with much alacrity
granted a great rate of subsidy. Bacon.
NOTE: &hand; Su bsidies were taxes, not immediately on on property,
but on persons in respect of their reputed estates, after the
nominal rate of 4s. the pound for lands, and 2s. 8d. for goods.
Blackstone.
2. Specifically: A sum of money paid by one sovereign or nation to
another to purchase the co\'94peration or the neutrality of such
sovereign or nation in war.
3. A grant from the government, from a municipal corporation, or the
like, to a private person or company to assist the establishment or
support of an enterprise deemed advantageous to the public; a
subvention; as, a subsidy to the owners of a line of ocean steamships.
Syn. -- Tribute; grant. -- Subsidy, Tribute. A subsidy is voluntary; a
tribute is exacted.
Subsign
Sub*sign" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subsigned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subsigning.] [L. subsignare; sub under + signare to mark: cf. F.
soussigner. See Sign.] To sign beneath; to subscribe. [R.] Camden.
Subsinnation
Sub`sin*na"tion (?), n. [L. subsignatio.] The act of writing the name
under something, as for attestation. [R.] Shelton.
Subsilicate
Sub*sil"i*cate (?), n. A basic silicate.
Subsist
Sub*sist" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Subsisted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Subsisting.] [L. subsistere to stand still, stay, remain alive; sub
under + sistere to stand, to cause to stand, from stare to stand: cf.
F. subsister. See Stand.]
1. To be; to have existence; to inhere.
And makes what happiness we justly call, Subsist not in the good of
one, but all. Pope.
2. To continue; to retain a certain state.
Firm we subsist, yet possible to swerve. Milton.
3. To be maintained with food and clothing; to be supported; to live.
Milton.
To subsist on other men's charity. Atterbury.
Subsist
Sub*sist", v. t. To support with provisions; to feed; to maintain; as,
to subsist one's family.
He laid waste the adjacent country in order to render it more
difficult for the enemy to subsist their army. Robertson.
Subsistence
Sub*sist"ence (?), n. [Cf. F. subsistance, L. subsistentia.]
1. Real being; existence.
Not only the things had subsistence, but the very images were of
some creatures existing. Stillingfleet.
2. Inherency; as, the subsistence of qualities in bodies.
3. That which furnishes support to animal life; means of support;
provisions, or that which produces provisions; livelihood; as, a
meager subsistence.
His viceroy could only propose to himself a comfortable subsistence
out of the plunder of his province. Addison.
4. (Theol.) Same as Hypostasis, 2. Hooker.
Subsistency
Sub*sist"en*cy (?), n. Subsistence. [R.]
Subsistent
Sub*sist"ent (?), a. [L. subsistens, p.pr. See Subsist.]
1. Having real being; as, a subsistent spirit.
2. Inherent; as, qualities subsistent in matter.
Subsizar
Sub*si"zar (?), n. An under sizar; a student of lower rank than a
sizar. [Cambridge Univ. Eng.]
Bid my subsizar carry my hackney to the buttery and give him his
bever. J. Fletcher.
Subsoil
Sub"soil` (?), n. The bed, or stratum, of earth which lies immediately
beneath the surface soil. Subsoil plow, a plow having a share and
standard but no moldboard. It follows in the furrow made by an
ordinary plow, and loosens the soil to an additional depth without
bringing it to the surface. Knight.
Subsoil
Sub"soil`, v. t. To turn up the subsoil of.
Subsolary
Sub*so"la*ry (?), a. Being under the sun; hence, terrestrial; earthly;
mundane. [R.]
Subspecies
Sub*spe"cies (?), n. A group somewhat lessdistinct than speciesusually
are, but based on characters more important than those which
characterize ordinary varieties; often, a geographical variety or
race.
Subsphenoidal
Sub`sphe*noid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under, or on the ventral
side of, the body of the sphenoid bone.
Subspherical
Sub*spher"ic*al (?), a. Nearly spherical; having a figure resembling
that of a sphere.
Subspinous
Sub*spi"nous (?), a. (a) (Anat.) Subvertebral. (b) (Med.) Situated
beneath a spinous process, as that of the scapula; as, subspinous
dislocation of the humerus.
Substance
Sub"stance (?), n. [F., fr. L. substantia, fr. substare to be under or
present, to stand firm; sub under + stare to stand. See Stand.]
1. That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the
permanent subject or cause of phenomena, whether material or
spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in
distinction from that which is apparent; the abiding part of any
existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes
anything what it is; real or existing essence.
These cooks, how they stamp, and strain, and grind, And turn
substance into accident! Chaucer.
Heroic virtue did his actions guide, And he the substance, not the
appearance, chose. Dryden.
2. The most important element in any existence; the characteristic and
essential components of anything; the main part; essential import;
purport.
This edition is the same in substance with the Latin. Bp. Burnet.
It is insolent in words, in manner; but in substance it is not only
insulting, but alarming. Burke.
3. Body; matter; material of which a thing is made; hence,
substantiality; solidity; firmness; as, the substance of which a
garment is made; some textile fabrics have little substance.
4. Material possessions; estate; property; resources.
And there wasted his substance with riotous living. Luke xv. 13.
Thy substance, valued at the highest rate, Can not amount unto a
hundred marks. Shak.
We are destroying many thousand lives, and exhausting our
substance, but not for our own interest. Swift.
5. (Theol.) Same as Hypostasis, 2.
Substance
Sub"stance, v. t. To furnish or endow with substance; to supply
property to; to make rich. [Obs.]
Substanceless
Sub"stance*less, a. Having no substance; unsubstantial. [R.]
Coleridge.
Substant
Sub"stant (?), a. [L. substans, -antis, p.pr. of substare to be firm.]
Substantial; firm. [R.] "[The glacier's] substant ice." The Century.
Substantial
Sub*stan"tial (?), a. [F. substantiel, L. substantialis.]
1. Belonging to substance; actually existing; real; as, substantial
life. Milton.
If this atheist would have his chance to be real and substantial
agent, he is more stupid than the vulgar. Bentley.
2. Not seeming or imaginary; not illusive; real; solid; true;
veritable.
If happinessbe a substantial good. Denham.
The substantial ornaments of virtue. L'Estrange.
3. Corporeal; material; firm. "Most ponderous and substantial things."
Shak.
The rainbow [appears to be] a large substantial arch. I. Watts.
4. Having good substance; strong; stout; solid; firm; as, substantial
cloth; a substantial fence or wall.
5. Possessed of goods or an estate; moderately wealthy; responsible;
as, a substantial freeholder. "Substantial yeomen and burghers." Sir
W. Scott.
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Substantiality
Sub*stan`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being substantial;
corporiety; materiality.
The soul is a stranger to such gross substantiality. Glanvill.
Substantialize
Sub*stan"tial*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Substantialized (?); p. pr.
& vb. n. Substantializing (?).] To make substantial.
Substantially
Sub*stan"tial*ly, adv. In a substantial manner; in substance;
essentially.
In him all his Father shone, Substantially expressed. Milton.
The laws of this religion would make men, if they would truly
observe them, substantially religious toward God, chastle, and
temperate. Tillotson.
Substantialness
Sub*stan"tial*ness, n. The quality or state of being substantial; as,
the substantialness of a wall or column.
Substantials
Sub*stan"tials (?), n. pl. Essential parts. Ayliffe.
Substantiate
Sub*stan"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Substantiated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Substantiating.]
1. To make to exist; to make real. Ayliffe.
2. To establish the existence or truth of by proof or competent
evidence; to verify; as, to substantiate a charge or allegation; to
substantiate a declaration.
Observation is, in turn, wanted to direct and substantiate the
course of experiment. Coleridge.
Substantiation
Sub*stan`ti*a"tion (?), n. The act of substantiating or proving;
evidence; proof.
Substantival
Sub`stan*ti"val (?), a. Of or pertaining to a substantive; of the
nature of substantive. -- Sub`stan*ti"val*ly, adv.
Substantive
Sub"stan*tive (?), a. [L. substantivus: cf. F. substantif.]
1. Betokening or expressing existence; as, the substantive verb, that
is, the verb to be.
2. Depending on itself; independent.
He considered how sufficient and substantive this land was to
maintain itself without any aid of the foreigner. Bacon.
3. Enduring; solid; firm; substantial.
Strength and magnitude are qualities which impress the imagination
in a powerful and substantive manner. Hazlitt.
4. Pertaining to, or constituting, the essential part or principles;
as, the law substantive.
Noun substantive (Gram.), a noun which designates an object, material
or immaterial; a substantive. -- Substantive color, one which
communicates its color without the aid of a mordant or base; --
opposed to adjective color.
Substantive
Sub"stan*tive, n. [Cf. F. substantif.] (Gram.) A noun or name; the
part of speech which designates something that exists, or some object
of thought, either material or immaterial; as, the words man, horse,
city, goodness, excellence, are substantives.
Substantive
Sub"stan*tive, v. t. To substantivize. [R.] Cudworth.
Substantively
Sub"stan*tive*ly, adv.
1. In a substantive manner; in substance; essentially.
2. (Gram.) As a substantive, name, or noun; as, an adjective may be
used substantively.
Substantiveness
Sub"stan*tive*ness, n. The quality or state of being substantive.
Substantivize
Sub"stan*tiv*ize (?), v. t. To convert into a substantive; as, to
substantivize an adjective. Fitzed. Hall.
Substile
Sub"stile` (?), n. (Dialing) See Substyle.
Substituent
Sub*stit"u*ent (?), n. [L. substituens, p.pr. See Substitute.] (Chem.)
Any atom, group, or radical substituted for another, or entering a
molecule in place of some other part which is removed.
Substitute
Sub"stit"ute (?), n. [L. substitutus, p.p. of substituere to put
under, put in the place of; sub under + statuere to put, place: cf. F.
substitut. See Statute.] One who, or that which, is substituted or put
in the place of another; one who acts for another; that which stands
in lieu of something else; specifically (Mil.), a person who enlists
for military service in the place of a conscript or drafted man.<--
archaic, no longer legal. -->
Hast thou not made me here thy substitute? Milton.
Ladies [in Shakespeare's age] . . . wore masks as the sole
substitute known to our ancestors for the modern parasol. De
Quincey.
Substitute
Sub"stit"ute (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Substituted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Substituting (?).] [See Substitute, n.] To put in the place of another
person or thing; to exchange.
Some few verses are inserted or substituted in the room of others.
Congreve.
Substituted
Sub"stit"uted (?), a.
1. Exchanged; put in the place of another.
2. (Chem.) Containing substitutions or replacements; having been
subjected to the process of substitution, or having some of its parts
replaced; as, alcohol is a substituted water; methyl amine is a
substituted ammonia.
Substituted executor (Law), an executor appointed to act in place of
one removed or resigned.
Substitution
Sub`sti*tu"tion (?), n. [L. substitutio: cf. F. substitution.]
1. The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the place
of another; as, the substitution of an agent, attorney, or
representative to act for one in his absense; the substitution of bank
notes for gold and silver as a circulating medium.
2. The state of being substituted for another.
3. The office or authority of one acting for another; delegated
authority. [R.] Shak.
4. (Civil Law) The designation of a person in a will to take a devise
or legacy, either on failure of a former devisee or legatee by
incapacity or unwillingness to accept, or after him. Burrill.
5. (Theol.) The doctrine that Christ suffered vicariously, being
substituted for the sinner, and that his sufferings were expiatory.
6. (Chem.)The act or process of substituting an atom or radical for
another atom or radical; metethesis; also, the state of being so
substituted. See Metathesis.
Substitutional
Sub`sti*tu"tion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to substitution; standing
in the place of another; substituted. -- Sub`sti*tu"tion*al*ly, adv.
Substitutionary
Sub`sti*tu"tion*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to substitution;
substitutional.
Substitutive
Sub"sti*tu`tive (?), a. [Cf. F. substitutif, L. substitutivus
conditional.] Tending to afford or furnish a substitute; making
substitution; capable of being substituted. Bp. Wilkins.
Substract
Sub*stract" (?), v. t. [F. suostraire; L. subtus below (from sub
under) + trahere to draw. See Substract.] To subtract; to withdraw.
[Obs.] Barrow.
Substraction
Sub*strac"tion (?), n. [OF. substraction, F. soustraction. See
Subtract.]
1. Subtraction; deduction. [Obs.]
2. (Law) See Subtraction, 3.
Substractor
Sub*stract"or (?), n.
1. One who subtracts.
2. A detractor; a slanderer. [Obs.] Shak.
Substrate
Sub"strate (?), n. A substratum. [R.]
Substrate
Sub"strate, a. Having very slight furrows. [R.]
Substrate
Sub*strate" (?), v. t. [L. substratus, p.p. of substrahere. See
Substratum.] To strew or lay under anything. [Obs.]
The melted glass being supported by the substrated sand. Boyle.
Substratum
Sub*stra"tum (?), n.; pl. Substrata (#). [L. substratus, p.p. of
substernere to strew under; sub under + sternere to strew. See
Stratum.]
1. That which is laid or spread under; that which underlies something,
as a layer of earth lying under another; specifically (Agric.), the
subsoil.
2. (Metaph.) The permanent subject of qualities or cause of phenomena;
substance.
Substruct
Sub*struct" (?), v. t. [See Substruction.] To build beneath something;
to lay as the foundation. [R.]
He substructs the religion of Asia as the base. Emerson.
Substruction
Sub*struc"tion (?), n. [L. substructio, fr. substruere, substructum,
to build beneath; sub under + struere to build.] (Arch.)
Underbuilding; the foundation, or any preliminary structure intended
to raise the lower floor or basement of a building above the natural
level of the ground.
It is a magnificent strong building, with a substruction very
remarkable. Evelyn.
Substructure
Sub*struc"ture (?), n. [Pref. sub- + structure.]
1. (Arch.) Same as Substruction.
2. An under structure; a foundation; groundwork.
Substylar
Sub*sty"lar (?), a. Pertaining to the substyle.
Substyle
Sub"style` (?), n. (Dialing) A right line on which the style, or
gnomon, of a dial is erected; being the common section of the face of
the dial and a plane perpendicular to it passing through the style.
[Written also substile.] Hutton.
Subsulphate
Sub*sul"phate (?), n. (Chem.) A sulphate with an excess of the base.
Subsulphide
Sub*sul"phide (?), n. (Chem.) A nonacid compound consisting of one
equivalent of sulphur and more than one equivalent of some other body,
as a metal.
Subsultive
Sub*sul"tive (?), a. Subsultory. [R.] Berkley.
Subsultory
Sub*sul"to*ry (?), a. [L. subsilire, subsultum, to spring up; sub
under + salire to leap.] Bounding; leaping; moving by sudden leaps or
starts. [R.] -- Sub*sul"to*ri*ly, adv. [R.]
Flippancy opposed to solemnity, the subsultory to the continuous,
-- these are the two frequent extremities to which the French
manner betrays men. De Quincey.
Subsultus
Sub*sul"tus (?), n. [NL. See Subsultory.] (Med.) A starting,
twitching, or convulsive motion.
Subsumable
Sub*sum"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being subsumed. J. B. Stallo.
Subsume
Sub*sume" (?), v. t. [Pref. sub- + L. sumere to take.] To take up into
or under, as individual under species, species under genus, or
particular under universal; to place (any one cognition) under another
as belonging to it; to include under something else.
To subsume one proposition under another. De Quincey.
A principle under which one might subsume men's most strenuous
efforts after righteousness. W. Pater.
Subsumption
Sub*sump"tion (?), n.
1. The act of subsuming, or of including under another.
The first act of consciousness was a subsumption of that of which
we were conscious under this notion. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. That which is subsumed, as the minor clause or premise of a
syllogism.
But whether you see cause to go against the rule, or the
subsumption under the rule. De Quincey.
Subsumptive
Sub*sump"tive (?), a. Relating to, or containing, a subsumption.
Coleridge.
Subtangent
Sub*tan"gent (?), n. (Geom.) The part of the axis contained between
the ordinate and tangent drawn to the same point in a curve.
Subtartarean
Sub`tar*ta"re*an (?), a. Being or living under Tartarus; infernal.
"Subtartarean powers." Pope.
Subtectacle
Sub*tec"ta*cle (?), n. [Pref. sub- + L. tectum a roof.] A space under
a roof; a tabernacle; a dwelling. [Obs.] Davies (Holy Roode).
Subtegulaneous
Sub*teg`u*la"ne*ous (?), a. [L. subtegulaneus; sub under + tegulare
tiles for a roof.] Under the roof or eaves; within doors. [R.]
Subtenant
Sub*ten"ant (?), n. (Law) One who rents a tenement, or land, etc., of
one who is also a tenant; an undertenant.
Subtend
Sub*tend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subtended; p. pr. & vb. n.
Subtending.] [L. subtendere; sub under + tendere to stretch, extend.
See Tend.] To extend under, or be opposed to; as, the line of a
triangle which subtends the right angle; the chord subtends an arc.
Subtense
Sub*tense" (?), n. [L. subtendere, subtentum. See Subtend, Tense, a.]
(Geom.) A line subtending, or stretching across; a chord; as, the
subtense of an arc.
Subtepid
Sub*tep"id (?), a. Slightly tepid.
Subterete
Sub`te*rete" (?), a. Somewhat terete.
Subterfluent, Subterfluous
Sub*ter"flu*ent (?), Sub*ter"flu*ous (?), a. [L. subterfluens, p.pr.
of subterfluere to flow beneath; subter under + fluere to flow.]
Running under or beneath. [R.]
Subterfuge
Sub"ter*fuge (?), n. [F., from LL. subterfugium, fr. L. subterfugere
to flee secretly, to escape; subter under + fugere to flee. See
Fugitive.] That to which one resorts for escape or concealment; an
artifice employed to escape censure or the force of an argument, or to
justify opinions or conduct; a shift; an evasion.
Affect not little shifts and subterfuges, to avoid the force of an
argument. I. Watts.
By a miserable subterfuge, they hope to render this position safe
by rendering it nugatory. Burke.
Subterrane
Sub"ter*rane (?), n. [Cf. L. subterraneum, F. souterrain. See
Subterranean.] A cave or room under ground. [R.] J. Bryant.
Subterraneal
Sub`ter*ra"ne*al (?), a. Subterranean. [Obs.]
Subterranean, Subterraneous
Sub`ter*ra"ne*an (?), Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous (?), a. [L. subterraneus; sub
under + terra earth. See Terrace.] Being or lying under the surface of
the earth; situated within the earth, or under ground; as,
subterranean springs; a subterraneous passage. --
Sub`ter*ra"ne*ous*ly, adv.
Subterranity
Sub`ter*ran"i*ty (?), n. A place under ground; a subterrany. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Subterrany
Sub"ter*ra*ny (?), a. Subterranean. [Obs.] Bacon. -- n. A subterranean
place. [Obs.]
Subterrene
Sub`ter*rene" (?), a. [L. subterrenus, equiv. to subterraneus.]
Subterraneous. [Obs.]
Subterrestrial
Sub`ter*res"tri*al (?), a. Subterranean.
Subthalamic
Sub`tha*lam"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the optic thalamus.
Subtile
Sub"tile (?), a. [L. subtilis. See Subtile.]
1. Thin; not dense or gross; rare; as, subtile air; subtile vapor; a
subtile medium.
2. Delicately constituted or constructed; nice; fine; delicate;
tenuous; finely woven. "A sotil [subtile] twine's thread." Chaucer.
More subtile web Arachne can not spin. Spenser.
I do distinguish plain Each subtile line of her immortal face. Sir
J. Davies.
3. Acute; piercing; searching.
The slow disease and subtile pain. Prior.
5. Characterized by nicety of discrimination; discerning; delicate;
refined; subtle. [In this sense now commonly written subtle.]
The genius of the Spanish people is exquisitely subtile, without
being at all acute; hence there is so much humor and so little wit
in their literature. The genius of the Italians, on the contrary,
is acute, profound, and sensual, but not subtile; hence what they
think to be humorous, is merely witty. Coleridge.
The subtile influence of an intellect like Emerson's. Hawthorne.
5. Sly; artful; cunning; crafty; subtle; as, a subtile person; a
subtile adversary; a subtile scheme. [In this sense now commonly
written subtle.] Syn. -- Subtile, Acute. In acute the image is that of
a needle's point; in subtile that of a thread spun out to fineness.
The acute intellect pierces to its aim; the subtile (or subtle)
intellect winds its way through obstacles. -- Sub"tile*ly, adv. --
Sub"tile*ness, n.
Subtiliate
Sub*til"i*ate (?), v. t. [LL. subtiliare.] To make thin or rare.
[Obs.] Harvey. -- Sub`til*i*a"tion (#), n. [Obs.] Boyle.
Subtilism
Sub"til*ism (?), n. The quality or state of being subtile; subtility;
subtlety.
The high orthodox subtilism of Duns Scotus. Milman.
Subtility
Sub*til"i*ty (?), n. [L. subtilitas: cf. F. subtilit\'82. See Subtle.]
Subtilty. [R.]
Subtilization
Sub`til*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. subtilization.]
1. The act of making subtile.
2. (Old Chem.) The operation of making so volatile as to rise in steam
or vapor.
3. Refinement; subtlety; extreme attenuation.
Subtilize
Sub"til*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subtilized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subtilizing (?).] [L. subtiliser.]
1. To make thin or fine; to make less gross or coarse.
2. To refine; to spin into niceties; as, to subtilize arguments.
Nor as yet have we subtilized ourselves into savages. Burke.
Subtilize
Sub"til*ize, v. i. To refine in argument; to make very nice
distinctions. Milner.
Subtilizer
Sub"til*i`zer (?), n. One who subtilizes.
Subtilty
Sub"til*ty (?), n. [Contr. fr. subtility.]
1. The quality or state of being subtile; thinness; fineness; as, the
subtility of air or light.
2. Refinement; extreme acuteness; subtlety.
Intelligible discourses are spoiled by too much subtility in nice
divisions. Locke.
3. Cunning; skill; craft. [Obs.]
To learn a lewd man this subtility. Chaucer.
4. Slyness in design; artifice; guile; a cunning design or artifice; a
trick; subtlety.
O full of all subtility and all mischief. Acts xiii. 10.
NOTE: &hand; In se nses 2, 3, an d 4 th e word is more commonly
written subtlety.
Subtle
Sub"tle (?), a. [Compar. Subtler (?); superl. Subtlest (?).] [OE.
sotil, subtil, OF. soutil, later subtil, F. subtil, L. subtilis;
probably, originally, woven fine, and fr. sub under + tela a web, fr.
texere to weave. See Text, and cf. Subtile.]
1. Sly in design; artful; cunning; insinuating; subtile; -- applied to
persons; as, a subtle foe. "A subtle traitor." Shak.
2. Cunningly devised; crafty; treacherous; as, a subtle stratagem.
3. Characterized by refinement and niceness in drawing distinctions;
nicely discriminating; -- said of persons; as, a subtle logician;
refined; tenuous; sinuous; insinuating; hence, penetrative or
pervasive; -- said of the mind; its faculties, or its operations; as,
a subtle intellect; a subtle imagination; a subtle process of thought;
also, difficult of apprehension; elusive.
Things remote from use, obscure and subtle. Milton.
4. Smooth and deceptive. [Obs.]
Like to a bowl upon a subtle ground [bowling ground]. Shak.
Syn. -- Artful; crafty; cunning; shrewd; sly; wily. Subtle is the most
comprehensive of these epithets and implies the finest intellectual
quality. See Shrewd, and Cunning.
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Page 1438
Subtleness
Sub"tle*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being subtle; subtlety.
Subtlety
Sub"tle*ty (?), n.; pl. Subtleties (#). [OE. sotelte, sutilte, OF.
sotillete, L. subtilitas. See Subtle, and cf. Subtility.]
1. The quality or state of being subtle, or sly; cunning; craftiness;
artfulness.
The fox which lives by subtlety. Shak.
2. Nice discernment with delicacy of mental action; nicety of
discrimination.
3. Something that is sly, crafty, or delusive.
Unlearned in the world's false subtleties. Shak.
Subtly
Sub"tly (?), adv. In a subtle manner; slyly; artfully; cunningly.
Thou seest how subtly to detain thee I devise. Milton.
2. Nicely; delicately.
In the nice bee what sense so subtly true. Pope.
Subtly communicating itself to my sensibilities, but evading the
analysis of my mind. Hawthorne.
3. Deceitfully; delusively. [Obs.] Shak.
Subtonic
Sub*ton"ic (?), a. (Phonetics) Applied to, or distinguishing, a speech
element consisting of tone, or proper vocal sound, not pure as in the
vowels, but dimmed and otherwise modified by some kind of obstruction
in the oral or the nasal passage, and in some cases with a mixture of
breath sound; -- a term introduced by Dr. James Rush in 1833. See
Guide to Pronunciation, §§155, 199-202.
Subtonic
Sub*ton"ic, n.
1. (Phonetics) A subtonic sound or element; a vocal consonant, as b,
d, g, n, etc.; a subvocal.
2. (Mus.) The seventh tone of the scale, or that immediately below the
tonic; -- called also subsemitone.
Subtorrid
Sub*tor"rid (?), a. Nearly torrid.
Subtract
Sub*tract" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subtracted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Subtracting.] [L. subtractus, p.p. of subtrahere to draw from beneath,
withdraw, remove; sub under + trahere to draw. See Trace, v. t., and
cf. Substract.] To withdraw, or take away, as a part from the whole;
to deduct; as, subtract 5 from 9, and the remainder is 4.
Subtracter
Sub*tract"er (?), n.
1. One who subtracts.
2. The subtrahend. [Obs.]
Subtraction
Sub*trac"tion (?), n. [L. subtractio a drawing back. See Subtract, and
cf. Substraction.]
1. The act or operation of subtracting or taking away a part.
2. (Math.) The taking of a lesser number or quantity from a greater of
the same kind or denomination; an operation for finding the difference
between two numbers or quantities.
3. (Law) The withdrawing or withholding from a person of some right to
which he is entitled by law.
NOTE: &hand; Thus the subtraction of conjugal rights is when either
the husband or wife withdraws from the other and lives separate
without sufficient reason. The subtraction of a legacy is the
withholding or detailing of it from the legatee by the executor. In
like manner, the withholding of any service, rent, duty, or custom,
is a subtraction, for which the law gives a remedy.
Blackstone.
Subtractive
Sub*trac"tive (?), a.
1. Tending, or having power, to subtract.
2. (Math.) Having the negative sign, or sign minus.
Subtrahend
Sub"tra*hend` (?), n. [L. subtrahendus that is to be subtracted,
p.fut.pess. of subtrahere. See Subtract.] (Math.) The sum or number to
be subtracted, or taken from another.
Subtranslucent
Sub`trans*lu"cent (?), a. Not perfectly translucent.
Subtransparent
Sub`trans*pa"rent (?), a. Not perfectly transparent.
Subtreasurer
Sub*treas"ur*er (?), n. The public officer who has charge of a
subtreasury. [U. S.]
Subtreasury
Sub*treas"ur*y (?), n.; pl. Subtreasuries (. A subordinate treasury,
or place of deposit; as, the United States subtreasury at New York.
[U. S.]
Subtriangular
Sub`tri*an"gu*lar (?), a. Nearly, but not perfectly, triangular.
Darwin.
Subtribe
Sub"tribe` (?), n. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) A division of a tribe; a group of
genera of a little lower rank than a tribe.
Subtrihedral
Sub`tri*he"dral (?), a. Approaching the form of a three-sided pyramid;
as, the subtrihedral crown of a tooth. Owen.
Subtriple
Sub*tri"ple (?), a. (Math.) Containing a third, or one part to three.
Bp. Wilkins.
Subtriplicate
Sub*trip"li*cate (?), a. (Math.) Expressed by the cube root; -- said
especially of ratios. Subtriplicate ratio, the ratio of the cube root;
thus, the subtriplicate ratio of a to b is &cuberoot;a to &cuberoot;b,
or &cuberoot;a/b.
Subtropical
Sub*trop"ic*al (?), a. Nearly tropical.
Subtrude
Sub*trude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subtruded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Subtruding.] [Pref. sub- + L. trudere to thrust.] To place under; to
insert. [R.]
Subturriculate
Sub`tur*ric"u*late (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Somewhat turriculate.
Subtutor
Sub*tu"tor (?), n. An under tutor.
Subtypical
Sub*typ"ic*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Deviating somewhat from the type of a
species, genus, or other group; slightly aberrant.
Subulate, Subulated
Su"bu*late (?), Su"bu*la`ted (?), a. [NL. subulatus, fr. L. subula an
awl.] Very narrow, and tapering gradually to a fine point from a
broadish base; awl-shaped; linear.
Subulicornes
Su`bu*li*cor"nes (?), n. pl. [NL., from L. subula an awl + cornu
horn.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of insects having slender or subulate
antenn\'91. The dragon flies and May flies are examples.
Subuliform
Su"bu*li*form (?), a. Subulate.
Subulipalp
Su"bu*li*palp` (?), n. [L. subula an awl + E. palp.] (Zo\'94l.) One of
a group of carabid beetles having slender palpi.
Subumbonal
Sub`um*bo"nal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Beneath or forward of the umbos of a
bivalve shell.
Subumbrella
Sub`um*brel"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The integument of the under surface
of the bell, or disk-shaped body, of a jellyfish.
Subundation
Sub`un*da"tion (?), n. [Pref. sub- + L. unda a wave.] A flood; a
deluge. [Obs.] Huloet.
Subungual
Sub*un"gual (?), a. Under the nail or hoof.
Suburb
Sub"urb (?), n. [L. suburbium; sub under, below, near + urbs a city.
See Urban.]
1. An outlying part of a city or town; a smaller place immediately
adjacent to a city; in the plural, the region which is on the confines
of any city or large town; as, a house stands in the suburbs; a garden
situated in the suburbs of Paris. "In the suburbs of a town." Chaucer.
[London] could hardly have contained less than thirty or forty
thousand souls within its walls; and the suburbs were very
populous. Hallam.
2. Hence, the confines; the outer part; the environment. "The suburbs
. . . of sorrow." Jer. Taylor.
The suburb of their straw-built citadel. Milton.
Suburb roister, a rowdy; a loafer. [Obs.] Milton.
Suburban
Sub*ur"ban (?), a. [L. suburbanus.] Of or pertaining to suburbs;
inhabiting, or being in, the suburbs of a city. "Suburban taverns."
Longfellow.
Suburban villas, highway-side retreats, . . . Delight the citizen.
Cowper.
Suburban
Sub*ur"ban, n. One who dwells in the suburbs.
Suburbed
Sub"urbed (?), a. Having a suburb or suburbs on its outer part.
Suburbial, Suburbian
Sub*ur"bi*al (?), Sub*ur"bi*an (?), a. Suburban. [Obs.] "Suburbial
fields." Warton. "Suburbian muse." Dryden.
Suburbicarian, Suburbicary
Sub*ur`bi*ca"ri*an (?), Sub*ur"bi*ca*ry (?), a. [LL. suburbicarius,
equiv. to L. suburbanus: cf. F. suburbicaire. See Suburban.] Being in
the suburbs; -- applied to the six dioceses in the suburbs of Rome
subject to the pope as bishop of Rome.
The pope having stretched his authority beyond the bounds of his
suburbicarian precincts. Barrow.
Suburethral
Sub`u*re"thral (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the urethra, or under
its orifice.
Subvaginal
Sub*vag"i*nal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under or inside a sheath or
vaginal membrane; as, the subvaginal, or subdural, spaces about the
optic nerve.
Subvariety
Sub`va*ri"e*ty (?), n.; pl. -ties (. A subordinate variety, or a
division of a variety.
Subvene
Sub*vene" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Subvened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Subvening.] [Pref. sub- + L. venire to come. See Subvention.] To come
under, as a support or stay; to happen.
A future state must needs subvene to prevent the whole edifice from
falling into ruin. Bp. Warburton.
Subventaneous
Sub`ven*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [Pref. sub- + L. ventus wind.] Produced by
the wind. [Obs.]
Subvention
Sub*ven"tion (?), n. [F., fr. LL. subventio, fr. L. subvenire to come
up to one's assistance, to assist. See Souvenir, and cf. Subvene.]
1. The act of coming under. "The subvention of a cloud." Stackhouse.
2. The act of relieving, as of a burden; support; aid; assistance;
help.
3. A government aid or bounty.
Subvention
Sub*ven"tion, v. t. To subventionize.
Subventionize
Sub*ven"tion*ize (?), v. t. To come to the aid of; to subsidize; to
support.
Subventitious
Sub`ven*ti"tious (?), a. Helping; aiding; supporting. Urquhart.
Subverse
Sub*verse" (?), v. t. [L. subversus, p.p. of subvertere. See Subvert.]
To subvert. [Obs.] Spenser.
Subversion
Sub*ver"sion (?), n. [L. subversio: cf. F. subversion. See Subvert.]
The act of overturning, or the state of being overturned; entire
overthrow; an overthrow from the foundation; utter ruin; destruction;
as, the subversion of a government; the subversion of despotic power;
the subversion of the constitution.
The subversion [by a storm] of woods and timber . . . through my
whole estate. Evelyn.
Laws have been often abused to the oppression and subversion of
that order they were intended to preserve. Rogers.
Subversionary
Sub*ver"sion*a*ry (?), a. Promoting destruction.
Subversive
Sub*ver"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. subversif.] Tending to subvert; having a
tendency to overthrow and ruin.
Lying is a vice subversive of the very ends and design of
conversation. Rogers.
Subvert
Sub*vert" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Subverted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Subverting.] [L. subvertere, subversum; sub under + vertere to turn:
cf. F. subvertir. See Verse.]
1. To overturn from the foundation; to overthrow; to ruin utterly.
These are his substance, sinews, arms, and strength, With which he
yoketh your rebellious necks, Razeth your cities, and subverts your
towns. Shak.
This would subvert the principles of all knowledge. Locke.
2. To pervert, as the mind, and turn it from the truth; to corrupt; to
confound. 2 Tim. iii. 14. Syn. -- To overturn; overthrow; destroy;
invert; reverse; extinguish.
Subvert
Sub*vert" (?), v. i. To overthrow anything from the foundation; to be
subversive.
They have a power given to them like that of the evil principle, to
subvert and destroy.
Subverant
Sub*ver"ant (?), a. (Her.) Reserved. [R.]
Subvertebral
Sub*ver"te*bral (?), a. (Anat.) Situated beneath, or on the ventral
side of, the vertebral column; situated beneath, or inside of, the
endoskeleton; hypaxial; hyposkeletal.
Subverter
Sub*vert"er (?), n. One who, or that which, subverts; an
overthrower. Sir T. More.
Subvertible
Sub*vert"i*ble (?), a. That may be subverted.
Subvitalized
Sub*vi"tal*ized (?), a. Imperfectly vitalized; having naturally but
little vital power or energy.
Subvocal
Sub*vo"cal (?), a. & n. Same as Subtonic.
Subway
Sub"way` (?), n. An underground way or gallery; especially, a
passage under a street, in which water mains, gas mains, telegraph
wires, etc., are conducted.
Subworker
Sub*work"er (?), n. A subordinate worker or helper. South.
Subzonal
Sub*zon"al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under a zone, or zona; --
applied to a membrane between the zona radiata and the umbilical
vesicle in the mammal embryo.
Subzigomatic
Sub*zig`o*mat"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated under the zygoma or
zygomatic process.
Succade
Suc"cade (?), n. [L. succus, sucus, juice: cf. F. succade a
sugarbox. Cf. Sucket.]
1. A sweetmeat. [Obs.] Holland.
2. pl. (Com.) Sweetmeats, or preserves in sugar, whether fruit,
vegetables, or confections. Blakely.
Succade gourd. (Bot.) Same as Vegetable marrow, under Vegetable.
Succedane
Suc"ce*dane (?), n. A succedaneum. [Obs.]
Succedaneous
Suc`ce*da"ne*ous (?), a. [L. succedaneus. See Succeed.] Pertaining to,
or acting as, a succedaneum; supplying the place of something else;
being, or employed as, a substitute for another. Sir T. Browne.
Succedaneum
Suc`ce*da"ne*um (?), n.; pl. Succedanea (#). [NL. See Succedaneous.]
One who, or that which, succeeds to the place of another; that which
is used for something else; a substitute; specifically (Med.), a
remedy used as a substitute for another.
In lieu of me, you will have a very charming succedaneum, Lady
Harriet Stanhope. Walpole.
Succeed
Suc*ceed" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Succeeded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Succeeding.] [L. succedere, successum; sub under + cedere to go, to go
along, approach, follow, succeed: cf. F. succ\'82der. See Cede, and
cf. Success.]
1. To follow in order; to come next after; hence, to take the place
of; as, the king's eldest son succeeds his father on the throne;
autumn succeeds summer.
As he saw him nigh succeed. Spenser.
2. To fall heir to; to inherit. [Obs. & R.] Shak.
3. To come after; to be subsequent or consequent to; to follow; to
pursue.
Destructive effects . . . succeeded the curse. Sir T. Browne.
4. To support; to prosper; to promote. [R.]
Succeed my wish and second my design. Dryden.
Succeed
Suc*ceed", v. i.
1. To come in the place of another person, thing, or event; to come
next in the usual, natural, or prescribed course of things; to follow;
hence, to come next in the possession of anything; -- often with to.
If the father left only daughters, they equally succeeded to him in
copartnership. Sir M. Hale.
Enjoy till I return Short pleasures; for long woes are to succeed!
Milton.
2. Specifically: To ascend the throne after the removal the death of
the occupant.
No woman shall succeed in Salique land. Shak.
3. To descend, as an estate or an heirloom, in the same family; to
devolve. Shak.
4. To obtain the object desired; to accomplish what is attempted or
intended; to have a prosperous issue or termination; to be successful;
as, he succeeded in his plans; his plans succeeded.
It is almost impossible for poets to succeed without ambition.
Dryden.
Spenser endeavored it in Shepherd's Kalendar; but neither will it
succeed in English. Dryden.
5. To go under cover. [A latinism. Obs.]
Will you to the cooler cave succeed! Dryden.
Syn. -- To follow; pursue. See Follow.
Succeedant
Suc*ceed"ant (?), a. (Her.) Succeeding one another; following.
Succeeder
Suc*ceed"er (?), n. A successor. Shak. Tennyson.
Succeeding
Suc*ceed"ing, n. The act of one who, or that which, succeeds; also,
that which succeeds, or follows after; consequence. Shak.
Succentor
Suc"cen*tor (?), n. [LL., an accompanier in singing, fr. succinere to
sing, to accompany; sub under, after + canere to sing.] (Eccl.) A
subchanter.
Success
Suc*cess" (?), n. [L. successus: cf. F. succ\'8as. See Succeed.]
1. Act of succeeding; succession. [Obs.]
Then all the sons of these five brethren reigned By due success.
Spenser.
2. That which comes after; hence, consequence, issue, or result, of an
endeavor or undertaking, whether good or bad; the outcome of effort.
Men . . . that are like to do that, that is committed to them, and
to report back again faithfully the success. Bacon.
Perplexed and troubled at his bad success The tempter stood.
Milton.
3. The favorable or prosperous termination of anything attempted; the
attainment of a proposed object; prosperous issue.
Dream of success and happy victory! Shak.
Or teach with more success her son The vices of the time to shun.
Waller.
Military successes, above all others, elevate the minds of a
people. Atterbury.
4. That which meets with, or one who accomplishes, favorable results,
as a play or a player. [Colloq.]
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Page 1439
Successary
Suc"ces*sa*ry (?), n. Succession. [Obs.]
My peculiar honors, not derived From successary, but purchased with
my blood. Beau. & Fl.
Successful
Suc*cess"ful (?), a. Resulting in success; assuring, or promotive of,
success; accomplishing what was proposed; having the desired effect;
hence, prosperous; fortunate; happy; as, a successful use of medicine;
a successful experiment; a successful enterprise.
Welcome, nephews, from successful wars. Shak.
Syn. -- Happy; prosperous; fortunate; auspicious; lucky. See
Fortunate. -- Suc*cess"ful*ly, adv. -- Suc*cess"ful*ness, n.
Succession
Suc*ces"sion (?), n. [L. successio: cf. F. succession. See Succeed.]
1. The act of succeeding, or following after; a following of things in
order of time or place, or a series of things so following; sequence;
as, a succession of good crops; a succession of disasters.
2. A series of persons or things according to some established rule of
precedence; as, a succession of kings, or of bishops; a succession of
events in chronology.
He was in the succession to an earldom. Macaulay.
3. An order or series of descendants; lineage; race; descent. "A long
succession must ensue." Milton.
4. The power or right of succeeding to the station or title of a
father or other predecessor; the right to enter upon the office, rank,
position, etc., held ny another; also, the entrance into the office,
station, or rank of a predecessor; specifically, the succeeding, or
right of succeeding, to a throne.
You have the voice of the king himself for your succession in
Denmark. Shak.
The animosity of these factions did not really arise from the
dispute about the succession. Macaulay.
5. The right to enter upon the possession of the property of an
ancestor, or one near of kin, or one preceding in an established
order.
6. The person succeeding to rank or office; a successor or heir. [R.]
Milton.
Apostolical succession. (Theol.) See under Apostolical. -- Succession
duty, a tax imposed on every succession to property, according to its
value and the relation of the person who succeeds to the previous
owner.<-- = death duties? --> [Eng.] -- Succession of crops. (Agric.)
See Rotation of crops, under Rotation.
Successional
Suc*ces"sion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a succession; existing in
a regular order; consecutive. "Successional teeth." Flower. --
Suc*ces"sion*al*ly, adv.
Successionist
Suc*ces"sion*ist, n. A person who insists on the importance of a
regular succession of events, offices, etc.; especially (Eccl.), one
who insists that apostolic succession alone is valid.
Successive
Suc*ces"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. successif. See Succeed.]
1. Following in order or in uninterrupted course; coming after without
interruption or interval; following one after another in a line or
series; consecutive; as, the successive revolution of years; the
successive kings of Egypt; successive strokes of a hammer.
Send the successive ills through ages down. Prior.
2. Having or giving the right of succeeding to an inheritance;
inherited by succession; hereditary; as, a successive title; a
successive empire. [Obs.] Shak.
Successive induction. (Math.) See Induction, 5.
Successively
Suc*ces"sive*ly, adv. In a successive manner.
The whiteness, at length, changed successively into blue, indigo,
and violet. Sir I. Newton.
Successiveness
Suc*ces"sive*ness, n. The quality or state of being successive.
Successless
Suc*cess"less (?), a. Having no success.
Successless all her soft caresses prove. Pope.
-- Suc*cess"less*ly, adv. -- Suc*cess"less*ness, n.
Successor
Suc*ces"sor (?), n. [OE. successour, OF. successur, successor, F.
successeur, L. successor. See Succeed.] One who succeeds or follows;
one who takes the place which another has left, and sustains the like
part or character; -- correlative to predecessor; as, the successor of
a deceased king. Chaucer.
A gift to a corporation, either of lands or of chattels, without
naming their successors, vests an absolute property in them so lond
as the corporation subsists. Blackstone.
Succiduous
Suc*cid"u*ous (?), a. [L. succiduus, fr. succidere to fall under.]
Ready to fall; falling. [R.]
Succiferous
Suc*cif"er*ous (?), a. [L. succus, sucus, juice, sap + -ferous.]
Producing or conveying sap.
Succinamate
Suc`cin*am"ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of succinamic acid.
Succinamic
Suc`cin*am"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an
acid amide derivative of succinic acid, obtained as a white
crystalline substance, and forming a series of salts.
Succinate
Suc"ci*nate (?), n. [L. succinum, sucinum, amber, from succus, sucus,
juice, sap: cf. F. succinate.] (Chem.) A salt of succinic acid.
Succinct
Suc*cinct" (?), a. [L. succinctus, p.p. of succingere to gird below or
from below, to tuck up; sub + cingere to gird. Cf. Cincture.]
1. Girded or tucked up; bound; drawn tightly together.
His habit fit for speed succinct. Milton.
2. Compressed into a narrow compass; brief; concise.
Let all your precepts be succinct and clear. Roscommon.
The shortest and most succinct model that ever grasped all the
needs and necessities of mankind. South.
Syn. -- Short; brief; concise; summary; compendious; laconic; terse.
-- Suc*cinct"ly, adv. -- Suc*cinct"ness, n.
Succinic
Suc*cin"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. succinique. See Succinate.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, amber; specif., designating a dibasic
acid, C
Succinimide
Suc`cin*im"ide (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous
substance, C2H4.(CO)2.NH, obtained by treating succinic anhydride with
ammonia gas. It is a typical imido acid, and forms a series of salts.
See Imido acid, under Imido.
Succinite
Suc"ci*nite (?), n. [Cf. F. succinite.] (Min.) (a) Amber. (b) A garnet
of an amber color.
Succinous
Suc"ci*nous (?), a. [From L. succinum amber.] Succinic. [R.]
Succinurate
Suc`cin*u"rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of succinuric acid.
Succinuric
Suc`cin*u"ric (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid
amide, analogous to succinamic acid, which is obtained as a white
crystalline substance by heating urea with succinic anhydride. It is
known also in its salts.
Succinyl
Suc"cin*yl (?), n. [Succinic + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical
characteristic of succinic acid and certain of its derivatives.
Succise
Suc*cise" (?), a. [See Succision.] (Bot.) Appearing as if a part were
cut off at the extremity.
Succision
Suc*ci"sion (?), n. [L. succisio, fr. succidere, succisum, to cut away
below, sub under + caedere to cut.] The act of cutting down, as of
trees; the act of cutting off. [R.]
Succor
Suc"cor (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Succored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Succoring.] [OE. socouren, OF. sucurre, soucourre, secorre, F.
secourir, L. succurrere, succursum, to run under, run to the aid of,
help, succor; sub under + currere to run. See Current.] tiono run to,
or run to support; hence, to help or relieve when in difficulty, want,
or distress; to assist and deliver from suffering; to relieve; as, to
succor a besieged city. [Written also succour.]
He is able to succor them that are tempted. Heb. ii. 18.
Syn. -- To aid; assist; relieve; deliver; help; comfort.
Succor
Suc"cor, n. [OE. socours, sucurs, OF. sucurs, socors, secors, F.
secours, L. succursus, fr. L. succurrere. See Succor, v. t.]
1. Aid; help; assistance; esp., assistance that relieves and delivers
from difficulty, want, or distress. "We beseech mercy and succor."
Chaucer.
My noble father . . . Flying for succor to his servant Bannister.
Shak.
2. The person or thing that brings relief.
This mighty succor, which made glad the foe. Dryden.
Succorable
Suc"cor*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being succored or assisted; admitting
of relief.
Succorer
Suc"cor*er (?), n. One who affords succor; a helper.
Succorless
Suc"cor*less, a. Destitute of succor. Thomson.
Succory
Suc"co*ry (?), n. [Corrupted from chicory.] (Bot.) A plant of the
genus Cichorium. See Chicory.
Succotash
Suc"co*tash (?), n. [Narragansett Indian m'sickquatash corn boiled
whole.] Green maize and beans boiled together. The dish is borrowed
from the native Indians. [Written also suckatash.]
Succoteague
Suc`co*teague" (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The squeteague.
Succuba
Suc"cu*ba (?), n.; pl. Succub\'91 (#). [NL., fr. L. succubare to lie
under; sub under + cubare to lie down; cf. L. succuba, succubo, one
who lies under another.] A female demon or fiend. See Succubus.
Though seeming in shape a woman natural Was a fiend of the kind
that succub\'91 some call. Mir. for Mag.
Succubine
Suc"cu*bine (?), a. Of or pertaining to succuba.
Succubous
Suc"cu*bous (?), a. [See Succuba.] (Bot.) Having the leaves so placed
that the upper part of each one is covered by the base of the next
higher leaf, as in hepatic mosses of the genus Plagiochila.
Succubus
Suc"cu*bus (?), n.; pl. Succubi (#). [See Succuba.]
1. A demon or fiend; especially, a lascivious spirit supposed to have
sexual intercourse with the men by night; a succuba. Cf. Incubus.
2. (Med.) The nightmare. See Nightmare, 2.
Succula
Suc"cu*la (?), n. [L. sucula a winch, windlass, capstan.] (Mach.) A
bare axis or cylinder with staves or levers in it to turn it round,
but without any drum.
Succulence, Succulency
Suc"cu*lence (?), Suc"cu*len*cy (?), n. [See Succulent.] The quality
or condition of being succulent; juiciness; as, the succulence of a
peach.
Succulent
Suc"cu*lent (?), a. [L. succulentus, suculentus, fr. succus, sucus,
juice; perhaps akin to E. suck: cf. F. succulent.] Full of juice;
juicy. Succulent plants (Bot.), plants which have soft and juicy
leaves or stems, as the houseleek, the live forever, and the species
of Mesembryanthemum.
Succulently
Suc"cu*lent*ly, adv. In a succulent manner.
Succulous
Suc"cu*lous (?), a. Succulent; juicy. [R.]
Succumb
Suc*cumb" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Succumbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Succumbing.] [L. succumbere; sub under + cumbere (in comp.), akin to
cubare to lie down. See Incumbent, Cubit.] To yield; to submit; to
give up unresistingly; as, to succumb under calamities; to succumb to
disease.
Succumbent
Suc*cum"bent (?), a. [L. succumbens, p.pr.] Submissive; yielding. [R.]
Howell.
Succursal
Suc*cur"sal (?), a. [Cf. F. succursale. See Succor, n. & v. t.]
Serving to aid or help; serving as a chapel of ease; tributary. [R.]
Not a city was without its cathedral, surrounded by its succursal
churches, its monasteries, and convents. Milman.
Succus
Suc"cus (?), n.; pl. Succi (. (Med.) The expressed juice of a plant,
for medicinal use. Succus entericus (. [NL., literally, juice of the
intestines.] (Physiol.) A fluid secreted in small by certain glands
(probably the glands of Lieberk\'81hn) of the small intestines. Its
exact action is somewhat doubtful.
Succussation
Suc`cus*sa"tion (?), n. [L. succussare to jolt, v. intens. fr.
succutere, succussum, to fling up from below, to toss up; sub under +
quatere to shake.]
1. A trot or trotting. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
2. A shaking; succussion.
Succussion
Suc*cus"sion (?), n. [L. succussio, from succutere: cf. F. succussion.
See Succussation.] The act of shaking; a shake; esp. (Med.), a shaking
of the body to ascertain if there be a liquid in the thorax.
Succussive
Suc*cus"sive (?), a. Characterized by a shaking motion, especially an
up and down movement, and not merely tremulous oscillation; as, the
succussive motion in earthquakes.
Such
Such (?), a. [OE. such, sich, sech, sik, swich, swilch, swulch, swilc,
swulc, AS. swelc, swilc, swylc; akin to OFries. selik, D. zulk, OS.
sulic, OHG. sulih, solih, G. solch, Icel. sl\'c6kr, OSw. salik, Sw.
slik, Dan. slig, Goth. swaleiks; originally meaning, so shaped.
\'fb192. See So, Like, a., and cf. Which.]
1. Of that kind; of the like kind; like; resembling; similar; as, we
never saw such a day; -- followed by that or as introducing the word
or proposition which defines the similarity, or the standard of
comparison; as, the books are not such that I can recommend them, or,
not such as I can recommend; these apples are not such as those we saw
yesterday; give your children such precepts as tend to make them
better.
And in his time such a conqueror That greater was there none under
the sun. Chaucer.
His misery was such that none of the bystanders could refrain from
weeping. Macaulay.
NOTE: &hand; Th e in definite ar ticle a or an never precedes such,
but is placed between it and the noun to which it refers; as, such
a man; such an honor. The indefinite adjective some, several, one,
few, many, all, etc., precede such; as, one such book is enough;
all such people ought to be avoided; few such ideas were then held.
2. Having the particular quality or character specified.
That thou art happy, owe to God; That thou continuest such, owe to
thyself. Milton.
3. The same that; -- with as; as, this was the state of the kingdom at
such time as the enemy landed. "[It] hath such senses as we have."
Shak.
4. Certain; -- representing the object as already particularized in
terms which are not mentioned.
In rushed one and tells him such a knight Is new arrived. Daniel.
To-day or to-morrow we will go into such a city, and continue there
a year. James iv. 13.
NOTE: &hand; Su ch is used pronominally. "He was the father of such
as dwell in tents." Gen. iv. 20. "Such as I are free in spirit when
our limbs are chained." Sir W. Scott. Such is also used before
adjectives joined to substantives; as, the fleet encountered such a
terrible storm that it put back. "Everything was managed with so
much care, and such excellent order was observed." De Foe.
Temple sprung from a family which . . . long after his death
produced so many eminent men, and formed such distinguished
alliances, that, etc. Macaulay.
Such is used emphatically, without the correlative.
Now will he be mocking: I shall have such a life. Shak.
Such was formerly used with numerals in the sense of times as much
or as many; as, such ten, or ten times as many.
Such and such, OR Such or such, certain; some; -- used to represent
the object indefinitely, as already particularized in one way or
another, or as being of one kind or another. "In such and such a place
shall be my camp." 2 Kings vi. 8. "Sovereign authority may enact a law
commanding such and such an action." South. -- Such like OR character,
of the like kind.
And many other such like things ye do. Mark vii. 8.
Suchospondylous
Su`cho*spon"dy*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having dorsal vertebr\'91
with long and divided transverse processes; -- applied to certain
reptiles.
Suchwise
Such"wise` (?), adv. In a such a manner; so.
Suck
Suck (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sucked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sucking.]
[OE. suken, souken, AS. s, s; akin to D. zuigen, G. saugen, OHG. s,
Icel. s, sj, Sw. suga, Dan. suge, L. sugere. Cf. Honeysuckle, Soak,
Succulent, Suction.]
1. To draw, as a liquid, by the action of the mouth and tongue, which
tends to produce a vacuum, and causes the liquid to rush in by
atmospheric pressure; to draw, or apply force to, by exhausting the
air.
2. To draw liquid from by the action of the mouth; as, to suck an
orange; specifically, to draw milk from (the mother, the breast, etc.)
with the mouth; as, the young of an animal sucks the mother, or dam;
an infant sucks the breast.
3. To draw in, or imbibe, by any process resembles sucking; to inhale;
to absorb; as, to suck in air; the roots of plants suck water from the
ground.
4. To draw or drain.
Old ocean, sucked through the porous globe. Thomson.
5. To draw in, as a whirlpool; to swallow up.
As waters are by whirlpools sucked and drawn. Dryden.
To suck in, to draw into the mouth; to imbibe; to absorb. -- To suck
out, to draw out with the mouth; to empty by suction. -- To suck up,
to draw into the mouth; to draw up by suction absorption.
Suck
Suck, v. i.
1. To draw, or attempt to draw, something by suction, as with the
mouth, or through a tube.
Where the bee sucks, there suck I. Shak.
2. To draw milk from the breast or udder; as, a child, or the young of
an animal, is first nourished by sucking.
3. To draw in; to imbibe; to partake.
The crown had sucked too hard, and now, being full, was like to
draw less. Bacon.
Suck
Suck, n.
1. The act of drawing with the mouth.
2. That which is drawn into the mouth by sucking; specifically, mikl
drawn from the breast. Shak.
3. A small draught. [Colloq.] Massinger.
4. Juice; succulence. [Obs.]
Suckanhock
Suck"an*hock (?), n. [Of American Indian origin.] A kind of seawan.
See Note under Seawan.
Suckatash
Suck"a*tash (?), n. See Succotash. Bartlett.
Sucken
Suck"en (?), n. [See Socome, Soc.] (Scots Law) The jurisdiction of a
mill, or that extent of ground astricted to it, the tenants of which
are bound to bring their grain thither to be ground.
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Sucker
Suck"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, sucks; esp., one of the organs by which
certain animals, as the octopus and remora, adhere to other bodies.
2. A suckling; a sucking animal. Beau. & Fl.
3. The embolus, or bucket, of a pump; also, the valve of a pump
basket. Boyle.
4. A pipe through which anything is drawn.
5. A small piece of leather, usually round, having a string attached
to the center, which, when saturated with water and pressed upon a
stone or other body having a smooth surface, adheres, by reason of the
atmospheric pressure, with such force as to enable a considerable
weight to be thus lifted by the string; -- used by children as a
plaything.
6. (Bot.) A shoot from the roots or lower part of the stem of a plant;
-- so called, perhaps, from diverting nourishment from the body of the
plant.
7. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of North American
fresh-water cyprinoid fishes of the family Catostomid\'91; so called
because the lips are protrusile. The flesh is coarse, and they are of
little value as food. The most common species of the Eastern United
States are the northern sucker (Catostomus Commersoni), the white
sucker (C. teres), the hog sucker (C. nigricans), and the chub, or
sweet sucker (Erimyzon sucetta). Some of the large Western species are
called buffalo fish, red horse, black horse, and suckerel. (b) The
remora. (c) The lumpfish. (d) The hagfish, or myxine. (e) A California
food fish (Menticirrus undulatus) closely allied to the kingfish (a);
-- called also bagre.
8. A parasite; a sponger. See def. 6, above.
They who constantly converse with men far above their estates shall
reap shame and loss thereby; if thou payest nothing, they will
count thee a sucker, no branch. Fuller.
9. A hard drinker; a soaker. [Slang]
10. A greenhorn; one easily gulled. [Slang, U.S.]
11. A nickname applied to a native of Illinois. [U. S.]
Carp sucker, Cherry sucker, etc. See under Carp, Cherry, etc. --
Sucker fish. See Sucking fish, under Sucking. -- Sucker rod, a pump
rod. See under Pump. -- Sucker tube (Zo\'94l.), one of the external
ambulacral tubes of an echinoderm, -- usually terminated by a sucker
and used for locomotion. Called also sucker foot. See Spatangoid.
Sucker
Suck"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suckered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suckering.] To strip off the suckers or shoots from; to deprive of
suckers; as, to sucker maize.
Sucker
Suck"er, v. i. To form suckers; as, corn suckers abundantly.
Sucket
Suck"et (?), n. [Cf. Suck, v. t., Succades.] A sweetmeat; a dainty
morsel. Jer. Taylor.
Suckfish
Suck"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A sucker fish.
Sucking
Suck"ing, a. Drawing milk from the mother or dam; hence, colloquially,
young, inexperienced, as, a sucking infant; a sucking calf.
I suppose you are a young barrister, sucking lawyer, or that sort
of thing. Thackeray.
Sucking bottle, a feeding bottle. See under Bottle. -- Sucking fish
(Zo\'94l.), the remora. See Remora. Baird. -- Sucking pump, a suction
pump. See under Suction. -- Sucking stomach (Zo\'94l.), the muscular
first stomach of certain insects and other invertebrates which suck
liquid food.
Suckle
Suc"kle (?), n. A teat. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
Suckle
Suc"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suckled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suckling
(?).] [Freq. of suck.] To give suck to; to nurse at the breast.
Addison.
The breasts of Hecuba When she did suckle Hector, looked not
lovelier. Shak.
They are not weak, suckled by Wisdom. Landor.
Suckle
Suc"kle, v. i. To nurse; to suck. [R.]
Suckler
Suc"kler (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An animal that suckles its young; a
mammal.
Suckling
Suck"ling (?), n. [OE. sokeling. See Suck, v. t.]
1. A young child or animal nursed at the breast.
2. A small kind of yellow clover (Trifolium filiforme) common in
Southern Europe.
Sucrate
Su"crate (?), n. (Chem.) A compound of sucrose (or of some related
carbohydrate) with some base, after the analogy of a salt; as, sodium
sucrate.
Sucre
Su"cre (?), n. A silver coin of Ecuador, worth 68 cents.
Sucrose
Su"crose` (?), n. [F. sucre sugar. See Sugar.] (Chem.) A common
variety of sugar found in the juices of many plants, as the sugar
cane, sorghum, sugar maple, beet root, etc. It is extracted as a
sweet, white crystalline substance which is valuable as a food
product, and, being antiputrescent, is largely used in the
preservation of fruit. Called also saccharose, cane sugar, etc. By
extension, any one of the class of isomeric substances (as lactose,
maltose, etc.) of which sucrose proper is the type.
NOTE: &hand; Su crose pr oper is a de xtrorotatory ca rbohydrate,
C12H22O11. It does not reduce Fehling's solution, and though not
directly fermentable, yet on standing with yeast it is changed by
the diastase present to invert sugar (dextrose and levulose), which
then breaks down to alcohol and carbon dioxide. It is also
decomposed to invert sugar by heating with acids, whence it is also
called a disaccharate<-- disaccharide-->. Sucrose possesses at once
the properties of an alcohol and a ketone, and also forms compounds
(called sucrates) analogous to salts. Cf. Sugar.
Suction
Suc"tion (?), n. [L. sugere, suctum, to suck; cf. OF. suction. See
Suck, v. t.] The act or process of sucking; the act of drawing, as
fluids, by exhausting the air. Suction chamber, the chamber of a pump
into which the suction pipe delivers. -- Suction pipe, Suction valve,
the induction pipe, and induction valve, of a pump, respectively. --
Suction pump, the common pump, in which the water is raised into the
barrel by atmospheric pressure. See Illust. of Pump.
Suctoria
Suc*to"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Suction.] (Zo\'94l.)
1. An order of Infusoria having the body armed with somewhat stiff,
tubular processes which they use as suckers in obtaining their food.
They are usually stalked.
2. Same as Rhizocephala.
Suctorial
Suc*to"ri*al (?), a. [L. sugere, suctum, to suck.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Adapted for sucking; living by sucking; as, the humming
birds are suctorial birds.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Capable of adhering by suction; as, the suctorial
fishes.
Suctorian
Suc*to"ri*an (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A cartilaginous fish with a mouth adapted for suction,
as the lampery.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Suctoria.
Suctorious
Suc*to"ri*ous (?), a. Suctorial. [R.]
Sudamina
Su*dam"i*na (?), n. pl, sing. Sudamen (. [NL. sudamen, -inis, fr.
sudare to sweat. See Sweat.] (Med.) Minute vesicles surrounded by an
area of reddened skin, produced by excessive sweating.
Sudarium
Su*da"ri*um (?), n. [L., a handkerchief.] (Eccl.) The handkerchief
upon which the Savior is said to have impressed his own portrait
miraculously, when wiping his face with it, as he passed to the
crucifixion.<-- = Veronica's veil. -->
Sudary
Su"da*ry (?), n. [L. sudarium, fr. sudare to sweat. See Sweat.] A
napkin or handkerchief. [Obs. or R.] Wyclif. R. Browning.
Sudation
Su*da"tion (?), n. [L. sudatio, fr. sudare to sweat: cf. F. sudation.]
A sweating. [Obs.]
Sudatorium
Su`da*to"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Sudatoria (#). [L.] A sudatory. Dunglison.
Sudatory
Su"da*to*ry (?), a. [L. sudatorius, fr. sudare to sweat: cf. F.
sudatoire. See Sweat.] Sweating; perspiring.
Sudatory
Su"da*to*ry, n.; pl. Sudatories (#). [L. sudatorium.] A bagnio; a
sweating bath; a vapor bath.
These sudatories are much in request for many infirmities. Evelyn.
Sudden
Sud"den (?), a. [OE. sodian, sodein, OF. sodain, sudain, F. soudain,
L. subitaneus, fr. subitus sudden, that has come unexpectedly, p.p. of
subire to come on, to steal upon; sub under, secretly + ire to go. See
Issue, and cf. Subitaneous.]
1. Happening without previous notice or with very brief notice; coming
unexpectedly, or without the common preparation; immediate; instant;
speedy. "O sudden wo!" Chaucer. "For fear of sudden death." Shak.
Sudden fear troubleth thee. Job xxii. 10.
2. Hastly prepared or employed; quick; rapid.
Never was such a sudden scholar made. Shak.
The apples of Asphaltis, appearing goodly to the sudden eye.
Milton.
3. Hasty; violent; rash; precipitate. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- Unexpected;
unusual; abrupt; unlooked-for. -- Sud"den*ly, adv. -- Sud"den*ness, n.
Sudden
Sud"den, adv. Suddenly; unexpectedly. [R.]
Herbs of every leaf that sudden flowered. Milton.
Sudden
Sud"den, n. An unexpected occurrence; a surprise. All of a sudden, On
a sudden, Of a sudden, sooner than was expected; without the usual
preparation; suddenly.
How art thou lost! how on a sudden lost! Milton.
He withdrew his opposition all of a sudden. Thackeray.
Suddenty
Sud"den*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. soudainet\'82.] Suddenness; a sudden.
[Scot.] On a suddenty, on a sudden. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Sudoral
Su"dor*al (?), a. [L. sudor.] Of or pertaining to sweat; as, sudoral
eruptions.
Sudoriferous
Su`dor*if"er*ous (?), a. [L. sudor sweat + -ferous.] (Physiol.)
Producing, or secreting, sweat; sudoriparous. Sudoriferous glands
(Anat.), small convoluted tubular glands which are situated in the
subcutaneous tissues and discharge by minute orifices in the surface
of the skin; the sweat glands.
Sudorific
Su`dor*if"ic (?), a. [L. sudor sweat (akin to E. sweat) + facere to
make.] Causing sweat; as, sudorific herbs. -- n. A sudorific medicine.
Cf. Diaphoretic.
Sudoriparous
Su`dor*ip"a*rous (?), a. [L. sudor sweat + parere to produce.]
(Physiol.) Same as Sudoriferous.
Sudorous
Su"dor*ous (?), a. [L. sudorus, fr. sudor sweat.] Consisting of sweat.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Sudra
Su"dra (?), n. [Skr. \'87.] The lowest of the four great castes among
the Hindoos. See Caste. [Written also Soorah, Soodra, and Sooder.]
Suds
Suds (?), n. pl. [Akin to sodden, seethe. See Seethe.] Water
impregnated with soap, esp. when worked up into bubbles and froth. In
the suds, in turmoil or difficulty. [Colloq.] Beau. & Fl.
Sue
Sue (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suing (?).]
[OE. suen, sewen, siwen, OF. sivre (pres.ind. 3d sing. il siut, suit,
he follows, nous sevons we follow), LL. sequere, for L. sequi,
secutus; akin to Gr. sac to accompany, and probably to E. see, v.t.
See See, v. t., and cf. Consequence, Ensue, Execute, Obsequious,
Pursue, Second, Sect in religion, Sequence, Suit.]
1. To follow up; to chase; to seek after; to endeavor to win; to woo.
For yet there was no man that haddle him sued. Chaucer.
I was beloved of many a gentle knight, And sued and sought with all
the service due. Spenser.
Sue me, and woo me, and flatter me. Tennyson.
2. (Law) (a) To seek justice or right from, by legal process; to
institute process in law against; to bring an action against; to
prosecute judicially. (b) To proceed with, as an action, and follow it
up to its proper termination; to gain by legal process.
3. (Falconry) To clean, as the beak; -- said of a hawk.
4. (Naut.) To leave high and dry on shore; as, to sue a ship. R. H.
Dana, Jr.
To sue out (Law), to petition for and take out, or to apply for and
obtain; as, to sue out a writ in chancery; to sue out a pardon for a
criminal.
Sue
Sue (?), v. i.
1. To seek by request; to make application; to petition; to entreat;
to plead.
By adverse destiny constrained to sue For counsel and redress, he
sues to you. Pope.
C\'91sar came to Rome to sue for the double honor of a triumph and
the consulship. C. Middleton.
The Indians were defeated and sued for peace. Jefferson.
2. (Law) To prosecute; to make legal claim; to seek (for something) in
law; as, to sue for damages.
3. To woo; to pay addresses as a lover. Massinger.
4. (Naut.) To be left high and dry on the shore, as a ship. R. H.
Dana, Jr.
Suent
Su"ent (?), a. Uniformly or evenly distributed or spread; even;
smooth. See Suant. Thoreau.
Suently
Su"ent*ly, adv. Evenly; smoothly.
Suer
Su"er (?), n. One who sues; a suitor.
Suet
Su"et (?), n. [OE. suet, dim. fr. OF. seu, suif, F. suif, L. sebum.
Cf. Soap, Sebaceous.] The fat and fatty tissues of an animal,
especially the harder fat about the kidneys and loins in beef and
mutton, which, when melted and freed from the membranes, forms tallow.
Suety
Su"et*y (?), a. Consisting of, or resembling, suet; as, a suety
substance.
Suf-
Suf- (?). A form of the prefix Sub-.
Suffer
Suf"fer (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suffered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suffering.] [OE. suffren, soffren, OF. sufrir, sofrir, F. souffrir,
(assumed) LL. sofferire, for L. sufferre; sub under + ferre to bear,
akin to E. bear. See Bear to support.]
1. To feel, or endure, with pain, annoyance, etc.; to submit to with
distress or grief; to undergo; as, to suffer pain of body, or grief of
mind.
2. To endure or undergo without sinking; to support; to sustain; to
bear up under.
Our spirit and strength entire, Strongly to suffer and support our
pains. Milton.
3. To undergo; to be affected by; to sustain; to experience; as, most
substances suffer a change when long exposed to air and moisture; to
suffer loss or damage.
If your more ponderous and settled project May suffer alteration.
Shak.
4. To allow; to permit; not to forbid or hinder; to tolerate.
Thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not suffer sin
upon him. Lev. xix. 17.
I suffer them to enter and possess. Milton.
Syn. -- To permit; bear; endure; support; sustain; allow; admit;
tolerate. See Permit.
Suffer
Suf"fer, v. i.
1. To feel or undergo pain of body or mind; to bear what is
inconvenient; as, we suffer from pain, sickness, or sorrow; we suffer
with anxiety.
O well for him whose will is strong! He suffers, but he will not
suffer long. Tennyson.
2. To undergo punishment; specifically, to undergo the penalty of
death.
The father was first condemned to suffer upon a day appointed, and
the son afterwards the day following. Clarendon.
3. To be injured; to sustain loss or damage.
Public business suffers by private infirmities. Sir W. Temple.
Sufferable
Suf"fer*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. souffrable.]
1. Able to suffer or endure; patient. [Obs.] "Ye must be sufferable."
Chaucer.
2. That may be suffered, tolerated, or permitted; allowable;
tolerable. -- Suf"fer*a*ble*ness, n. -- Suf"fer*a*bly, adv.
Sufferance
Suf"fer*ance (?), n. [OE. suffrance, OF. sufrance, soufrance, F.
souffrance, L. sufferentia, from sufferens, -entis, p.pr. of sufferre.
See Suffer.]
1. The state of suffering; the bearing of pain; endurance.
He must not only die the death, But thy unkindness shall his death
draw out To lingering sufferance. Shak.
2. Pain endured; misery; suffering; distress.
The seeming sufferances that you had borne. Shak.
3. Loss; damage; injury. [Obs.]
A grievous . . . sufferance on most part of their fleet. Shak.
4. Submission under difficult or oppressive circumstances; patience;
moderation. Chaucer.
But hasty heat tempering with sufferance wise. Spenser.
5. Negative consent by not forbidding or hindering; toleration;
permission; allowance; leave. Shak.
In their beginning they are weak and wan, But soon, through
sufferance, grow to fearful end. Spenser.
Somewhiles by sufferance, and somewhiles by special leave and
favor, they erected to themselves oratories. Hooker.
6. A permission granted by the customs authorities for the shipment of
goods. [Eng.]
Estate of sufferance (Law), the holding by a tenant who came in by a
lawful title, but remains, after his right has expired, without
positive leave of the owner. Blackstone. -- On sufferance, by mere
toleration; as, to remain in a house on sufferance. Syn. -- Endurance;
pain; misery; inconvenience; patience; moderation; toleration;
permission.
Sufferer
Suf"fer*er (?), n.
1. One who suffers; one who endures or undergoes suffering; one who
sustains inconvenience or loss; as, sufferers by poverty or sickness;
men are sufferers by fire or by losses at sea.
2. One who permits or allows.
Suffering
Suf"fer*ing, n. The bearing of pain, inconvenience, or loss; pain
endured; distress, loss, or injury incurred; as, sufferings by pain or
sorrow; sufferings by want or by wrongs. "Souls in sufferings tried."
Keble.
Suffering
Suf"fer*ing, a. Being in pain or grief; having loss, injury, distress,
etc. -- Suf"fer*ing*ly, adv.
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Suffice
Suf*fice" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sufficed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sufficing (?).] [OE. suffisen, OF. soufire, F. suffire (cf. suffisant,
p.pr.), L. sufficere to put under, to substitute, to avail for, to
suffice; sub under + facere to make. See Fact.] To be enough, or
sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end
proposed; to be adequate. Chaucer.
To recount almighty works, What words or tongue of seraph can
suffice? Milton.
Suffice
Suf*fice", v. t.
1. To satisfy; to content; to be equal to the wants or demands of.
Spenser.
Let it suffice thee; speak no more unto me of this matter. Deut.
iii. 26.
2. To furnish; to supply adequately. [Obs.]
The power appeased, with winds sufficed the sail. Dryden.
Sufficience
Suf*fi"cience (?), n. Sufficiently. [Obs.]
Sufficiency
Suf*fi"cien*cy (?), n. [L. sufficientia: cf. F. suffisance. See
Suffice.]
1. The quality or state of being sufficient, or adequate to the end
proposed; adequacy.
His sufficiency is such that he bestows and possesses, his plenty
being unexhausted. Boyle.
2. Qualification for any purpose; ability; capacity.
A substitute or most allowed sufficiency. Shak.
I am not so confident of my own sufficiency as not willingly to
admit the counsel of others. Eikon Basilike.
3. Adequate substance or means; competence. "An elegant sufficiency."
Thomson.
4. Supply equal to wants; ample stock or fund.
5. Conceit; self-confidence; self-sufficiency.
Sufficiency is a compound of vanity and ignorance. Sir W. Temple.
Sufficient
Suf*fi"cient (?), a. [L. sufficiens, -entis, p.pr. of sufficere: cf.
F. suffisant. See Suffice.]
1. Equal to the end proposed; adequate to wants; enough; ample;
competent; as, provision sufficient for the family; an army sufficient
to defend the country.
My grace is sufficient for thee. 2 Cor. xii. 9.
2. Possessing adequate talents or accomplishments; of competent power
or ability; qualified; fit.
Who is sufficient for these things? 2 Cor. ii. 16.
3. Capable of meeting obligations; responsible.
The man is, notwithstanding, sufficient . . . I think I may take
his bond. Shak.
4. Self-sufficient; self-satisfied; content. [R.]
Thou art the most sufficient (I'll say for thee), Not to believe a
thing. Beau. & Fl.
Syn. -- Enough; adequate; competent; full; satisfactory; ample.
Sufficiently
Suf*fi"cient*ly, adv. To a sufficient degree; to a degree that answers
the purpose, or gives content; enough; as, we are sufficiently
supplied with food; a man sufficiently qualified for the discharge of
his official duties.
Sufficing
Suf*fi"cing (?), a. Affording enough; satisfying. -- Suf*fi"cing*ly,
adv. -- Suf*fi"cing*ness, n.
Suffisance
Suf*fi"sance (?), n. [F. See Sufficiency.] Sufficiency; plenty;
abundance; contentment. [Obs.]
He could in little thing have suffisaunce. Chaucer.
Suffisant
Suf*fi"sant (?), a. Sufficient. [Obs.]
Suffix
Suf"fix (?), n. [L. suffixus, p.p. of suffigere to fasten on, to
affix; sub under + figere to fix: cf. F. suffixe. See Fix.]
1. A letter, letters, syllable, or syllables added or appended to the
end of a word or a root to modify the meaning; a postfix.
2. (Math.) A subscript mark, number, or letter. See Subscript, a.
Suffix
Suf*fix" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suffixed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suffixing.] To add or annex to the end, as a letter or syllable to a
word; to append.
Suffixion
Suf*fix"ion (?), n. The act of suffixing, or the state of being
suffixed.
Suffixment
Suf*fix"ment (?), n. Suffixion. [R.] Earle.
Sufflaminate
Suf*flam"i*nate (?), v. t. [L. sufflaminatus, p.p. of sufflaminare to
hold back by a clog, from sufflamen a clog.]
1. To retard the motion of, as a carriage, by preventing one or more
of its wheels from revolving, either by means of a chain or otherwise.
[Obs.]
2. Hence, to stop; to impede. [Obs.] Barrow.
Sufflate
Suf*flate" (?), v. t. [L. sufflatus, p.p. of sufflare to blow up,
inflate; sub under + flare to blow.] To blow up; to inflate; to
inspire. [R.] T. Ward.
Sufflation
Suf*fla"tion (?), n. [L. sufflatio.] The act of blowing up or
inflating. [R.] Coles.
Suffocate
Suf"fo*cate (?), a. [L. suffocatus, p.p. of suffocare to choke; sub
under + fauces the throat. Cf. Faucal.] Suffocated; choked. Shak.
Suffocate
Suf"fo*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suffocated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suffocating.]
1. To choke or kill by stopping respiration; to stifle; to smother.
Let not hemp his windpipe suffocate. Shak.
2. To destroy; to extinguish; as, to suffocate fire.
Suffocate
Suf"fo*cate, v. i. To become choked, stifled, or smothered. "A
swelling discontent is apt to suffocate and strangle without passage."
collier.
Suffocating
Suf"fo*ca`ting, a. & n. from Suffocate, v. -- Suf"fo*ca`ting*ly, adv.
Suffocation
Suf`fo*ca"tion (?), n. [L. suffocatio: cf. F. suffocation.] The act of
suffocating, or the state of being suffocated; death caused by
smothering or choking.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm su ffocation is so metimes em ployed
synonymously with asphyxia. In the strict medico-legal sense it
signifies asphyxia induced by obstruction of the respiration
otherwise than by direct pressure on the neck (hanging,
strangulation) or submersion (drowning).
Quain.
Suffocative
Suf"fo*ca*tive (?), a. Tending or able to choke or stifle.
"Suffocative catarrhs." Arbuthnot.
Suffossion
Suf*fos"sion (?), n. [L. suffossio, from suffodere, suffossum, to dig
under; sub under + fodere to dig.] A digging under; an undermining.
[R.] Bp. Hall.
Suffragan
Suf"fra*gan (?), a. [F. suffragant, L. suffragans, p.pr. of suffragari
to support with one's vote, to be favorable. See Suffrage.] Assisting;
assistant; as, a suffragan bishop.
Suffragan
Suf"fra*gan (?), n. [F. suffragant: cf. LL. suffraganeus. See
Suffragan, a.]
1. An assistant.
2. (Eccl.) A bishop considered as an assistant, or as subject, to his
metropolitan; an assistant bishop.
Suffraganship
Suf"fra*gan*ship, n. The office of a suffragan.
Suffragant
Suf"fra*gant (?), a. & n. Suffragan. [Obs.]
Suffragate
Suf"fra*gate (?), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Suffragated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Suffragating.] [L. suffragatus, p.p. of suffragari. See
Suffragan, a.] To vote or vote with. [Obs.] "Suffragating tribes."
Dryden.
Suffragator
Suf"fra*ga`tor (?), n. [L.] One who assists or favors by his vote.
[Obs.]
Suffrage
Suf"frage (?), n. [F., fr. L. suffragium; perhaps originally, a broken
piece, a potsherd, used in voting, and fr. sub under + the root of
frangere to break. See Break.]
1. A vote given in deciding a controverted question, or in the choice
of a man for an office or trust; the formal expression of an opinion;
assent; vote.
I ask your voices and your suffrages. Shak.
2. Testimony; attestation; witness; approval.
Lactantius and St. Austin confirm by their suffrage the observation
made by heathen writers. Atterbury.
Every miracle is the suffrage of Heaven to the truth of a doctrine.
South.
3. (Eccl.) (a) A short petition, as those after the creed in matins
and evensong. (b) A prayer in general, as one offered for the faithful
departed. Shipley.
I firmly believe that there is a purgatory, and that the souls
therein detained are helped by the suffrages of the faithful. Creed
of Pope Pius IV.
4. Aid; assistance. [A Latinism] [Obs.] <-- 5. The right to vote;
franchise. -->
Suffrage
Suf"frage, v. t. To vote for; to elect. [Obs.] Milton. <--
Sufragette.
Sufragette. n. A woman who advocates the right to vote for women; a
woman suffragist. -->
Suffraginous
Suf*frag"i*nous (?), a. [L. suffraginosus diseased in the hock, fr.
suffrago the pastern, or hock.] Of or pertaining to the hock of a
beast. [Obs.]
Suffragist
Suf"fra*gist (?), n.
1. One who possesses or exercises the political right of suffrage; a
voter.
2. One who has certain opinions or desires about the political right
of suffrage; as, a woman suffragist.<-- if female, usu. suffragette.
-->
It is curious that . . . Louisa Castelefort should be obliged after
her marriage immediately to open her doors and turn ultra liberal,
or an universal suffragist. Miss Edgeworth.
Suffrago
Suf*fra"go (?), n. [L., the hock, from sub under + frangere to break.]
(Zo\'94l.) The heel joint.
Suffrance
Suf"france (?), n. Sufferance. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Suffrutescent
Suf`fru*tes"cent (?), a. [Pref. suf- + frutescent.] (Bot.) Slightly
woody at the base.
Suffruticose
Suf*fru"ti*cose` (?), a. [Pref. suf- + fruticose.] (Bot.) Woody in the
lower part of the stem, but with the yearly branches herbaceous, as
sage, thyme, hyssop, and the like.
Suffruticous
Suf*fru"ti*cous (?), a. Suffruticose.
Suffumigate
Suf*fu"mi*gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suffumigated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Suffumigating.] [L. suffumigatus, p.p. of suffumigare to fumigate
from below. See Sub-, and Fumigate.] To apply fumes or smoke to the
parts of, as to the body in medicine; to fumigate in part.
Suffumigation
Suf*fu`mi*ga"tion (?), n. [L. suffumigatio: cf. F. suffumigation.] The
operation of suffumigating.
Suffumige
Suf*fu"mige (?), n. [LL. suffumigium.] A medical fume. [Obs.] Harvey.
Suffuse
Suf*fuse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suffused (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suffusing.] [L. suffusus, p.p. of suffundere to overspread; sub under
+ fundere to pour. See Fuse to melt.] To overspread, as with a fluid
or tincture; to fill or cover, as with something fluid; as, eyes
suffused with tears; cheeks suffused with blushes.
When purple light shall next suffuse the skies. Pope.
Suffusion
Suf*fu"sion (?), n. [L. suffusio: cf. F. suffusion.]
1. The act or process of suffusing, or state of being suffused; an
overspreading.
To those that have the jaundice, or like suffusion of eyes, objects
appear of that color. Ray.
2. That with which a thing is suffused.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A blending of one color into another; the spreading of
one color over another, as on the feathers of birds.
Sufi
Su"fi (?), n. [From the name of a dynasty of Persian kings, Saf\'c6,
Safav\'c6; said to come from name Saf\'c6-ud-d\'c6n of an ancestor of
the family, confused with s pious.] A title or surname of the king of
Persia.
Sufi
Su"fi, n. [Ar. & Per. s, wise, pious, devout.] One of a certain order
of religious men in Persia. [Written also sofi.]
Sufism
Su"fism (?), n. A refined mysticism among certain classes of
Mohammedans, particularly in Persia, who hold to a kind of pantheism
and practice extreme asceticism in their lives. [Written also sofism.]
Sug
Sug (?), n. A kind of worm or larva. Walton.
Sugar
Sug"ar (?), n. [OE. sugre, F. sucre (cf. It. zucchero, Sp. az\'a3car),
fr. Ar. sukkar, assukkar, fr. Skr. \'87arkar\'be sugar, gravel; cf.
Per. shakar. Cf. Saccharine, Sucrose.]
1. A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a
sandy or granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the
evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet
root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many
kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See
the Note below.
NOTE: &hand; Th e term sugar includes several commercial grades, as
the white or refined, granulated, loaf or lump, and the raw brown
or muscovado. In a more general sense, it includes several distinct
chemical compounds, as the glucoses, or grape sugars (including
glucose proper, dextrose, and levulose), and the sucroses, or true
sugars (as cane sugar). All sugars are carbohydrates. See
Carbohydrate. The glucoses, or grape sugars, are ketone alcohols of
the formula C6H12O6, and they turn the plane of polarization to the
right or the left. They are produced from the amyloses and
sucroses, as by the action of heat and acids of ferments, and are
themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol and carbon
dioxide. The only sugar (called acrose) as yet produced
artificially belongs to this class. The sucroses, or cane sugars,
are doubled glucose anhydrides of the formula C12H22O11. They are
usually not fermentable as such (cf. Sucrose), and they act on
polarized light.
2. By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance; as,
sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous white crystalline substance
having a sweet taste.
3. Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable
something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words. [Colloq.]
Acorn sugar. See Quercite. -- Cane sugar, sugar made from the sugar
cane; sucrose, or an isomeric sugar. See Sucrose. -- Diabetes, OR
Diabetic, sugar (Med. Chem.), a variety of sugar (probably grape sugar
or dextrose) excreted in the urine in diabetes mellitus. -- Fruit
sugar. See under Fruit, and Fructose. -- Grape sugar, a sirupy or
white crystalline sugar (dextrose or glucose) found as a
characteristic ingredient of ripe grapes, and also produced from many
other sources. See Dextrose, and Glucose. -- Invert sugar. See under
Invert. -- Malt sugar, a variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, found
in malt. See Maltose. -- Manna sugar, a substance found in manna,
resembling, but distinct from, the sugars. See Mannite. -- Milk sugar,
a variety of sugar characteristic of fresh milk, and isomeric with
sucrose. See Lactose. -- Muscle sugar, a sweet white crystalline
substance isomeric with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses. It is
found in the tissue of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called also
heart sugar. See Inosite. -- Pine sugar. See Pinite. -- Starch sugar
(Com. Chem.), a variety of dextrose made by the action of heat and
acids on starch from corn, potatoes, etc.; -- called also potato
sugar, corn sugar, and, inaccurately, invert sugar. See Dextrose, and
Glucose. -- Sugar barek, one who refines sugar. -- Sugar beet (Bot.),
a variety of beet (Beta vulgaris) with very large white roots,
extensively grown, esp. in Europe, for the sugar obtained from them.
-- Sugar berry (Bot.), the hackberry. -- Sugar bird (Zo\'94l.), any
one of several species of small South American singing birds of the
genera C\'d2reba, Dacnis, and allied genera belonging to the family
C\'d2rebid\'91. They are allied to the honey eaters. -- Sugar bush.
See Sugar orchard. -- Sugar camp, a place in or near a sugar orchard,
where maple sugar is made. -- Sugar candian, sugar candy. [Obs.] --
Sugar candy, sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized; candy made
from sugar. -- Sugar cane (Bot.), a tall perennial grass (Saccharum
officinarium), with thick short-jointed stems. It has been cultivated
for ages as the principal source of sugar. -- Sugar loaf. (a) A loaf
or mass of refined sugar, usually in the form of a truncated cone. (b)
A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.
Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that sugar loaf? J. Webster.
-- Sugar maple (Bot.), the rock maple (Acer saccharinum). See Maple.
-- Sugar mill, a machine for pressing out the juice of the sugar cane,
usually consisting of three or more rollers, between which the cane is
passed. -- Sugar mite. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small mite (Tyroglyphus
sacchari), often found in great numbers in unrefined sugar. (b) The
lepisma. -- Sugar of lead. See Sugar, 2, above. -- Sugar of milk. See
under Milk. -- Sugar orchard, a collection of maple trees selected and
preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; -- called also,
sometimes, sugar bush. [U.S.] Bartlett. -- Sugar pine (Bot.), an
immense coniferous tree (Pinus Lambertiana) of California and Oregon,
furnishing a soft and easily worked timber. The resinous exudation
from the stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been used as a
substitute for sugar. -- Sugar squirrel (Zo\'94l.), an Australian
flying phalanger (Belideus sciureus), having a long bushy tail and a
large parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See Illust. under
Phlanger. -- Sugar tongs, small tongs, as of silver, used at table for
taking lumps of sugar from a sugar bowl. -- Sugar tree. (Bot.) See
Sugar maple, above.
Sugar
Sug"ar (?), v. i. In making maple sugar, to complete the process of
boiling down the sirup till it is thick enough to crystallize; to
approach or reach the state of granulation; -- with the preposition
off. [Local, U.S.]<-- field = sugar making -->
Sugar
Sug"ar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sugared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sugaring.]
1. To impregnate, season, cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar
with. "When I sugar my liquor." G. Eliot.
2. To cover with soft words; to disguise by flattery; to compliment;
to sweeten; as, to sugar reproof.
With devotion's visage And pious action we do sugar o'er The devil
himself. Shak.
Sugared
Sug"ared (?), a. Sweetened. "The sugared liquor." Spenser. Also used
figuratively; as, sugared kisses.
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Sugar-house
Sug"ar-house` (?), n. A building in which sugar is made or refined; a
sugar manufactory.
Sugariness
Sug"ar*i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sugary, or sweet.
Sugaring
Sug"ar*ing, n.
1. The act of covering or sweetening with sugar; also, the sugar thus
used.
2. The act or process of making sugar.
Sugarless
Sug"ar*less, a. Without sugar; free from sugar.
Sugarplum
Sug"ar*plum` (?), n. A kind of candy or sweetneat made up in small
balls or disks.
Sugary
Sug"ar*y (?), a.
1. Resembling or containing sugar; tasting of sugar; sweet. Spenser.
2. Fond of sugar or sweet things; as, a sugary palate.
Sugescent
Su*ges"cent (?), a. [L. sugere to suck.] Of or pertaining to sucking.
[R.] Paley.
Suggest
Sug*gest" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suggested (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suggesting.] [L. suggestus, p.p. of suggerere to put under, furnish,
suggest; sub under + gerere to carry, to bring. See Jest.]
1. To introduce indirectly to the thoughts; to cause to be thought of,
usually by the agency of other objects.
Some ideas . . . are suggested to the mind by all the ways of
sensation and reflection. Locke.
2. To propose with difference or modesty; to hint; to intimate; as, to
suggest a difficulty.
3. To seduce; to prompt to evil; to tempt. [Obs.]
Knowing that tender youth is soon suggested. Shak.
4. To inform secretly. [Obs.] Syn. -- To hint; allude to; refer to;
insinuate.
Suggest
Sug*gest", v. i. To make suggestions; to tempt. [Obs.]
And ever weaker grows through acted crime, Or seeming-genial,
venial fault, Recurring and suggesting still. Tennyson.
Suggester
Sug*gest"er (?), n. One who suggests. Beau. & Fl.
Suggestion
Sug*ges"tion (?), n. [F. suggestion, L. suggestio.]
1. The act of suggesting; presentation of an idea.
2. That which is suggested; an intimation; an insinuation; a hint; a
different proposal or mention; also, formerly, a secret incitement;
temptation.
Why do I yield to that suggestion? Shak.
3. Charge; complaint; accusation. [Obs.] "A false suggestion."
Chaucer.
4. (Law) Information without oath; an entry of a material fact or
circumstance on the record for the information of the court, at the
death or insolvency of a party.
5. (Physiol. & Metaph.) The act or power of originating or recalling
ideas or relations, distinguished as original and relative; -- a term
much used by Scottish metaphysicians from Hutcherson to Thomas Brown.
Syn. -- Hint; allusion; intimation; insinuation. -- Suggestion, Hint.
A hint is the briefest or most indirect mode of calling one's
attention to a subject. A suggestion is a putting of something before
the mind for consideration, an indirect or guarded mode of presenting
argument or advice. A hint is usually something slight or covert, and
may by merely negative in its character. A suggestion is ordinarily
intended to furnish us with some practical assistance or direction.
"He gave me a hint of my danger, and added some suggestions as to the
means of avoiding it."
Willing to wound, and yet afraid to strike, Just hint a fault, and
hesitate dislike. Pope.
Arthur, whom they say is killed to-night On your suggestion. Shak.
Suggestive
Sug*gest"ive (?), a. Containing a suggestion, hint, or intimation. --
Sug*gest"ive*ly, adv. -- Sug*gest"ive*ness, n.
Suggestment
Sug*gest"ment (?), n. Suggestion. [R.]
They fancy that every thought must needs have an immediate outward
suggestment. Hare.
Suggestress
Sug*gest"ress (?), n. A woman who suggests. "The suggestress of
suicides." De Quincey.
Suggil
Sug"gil (?), v. t. [L. suggillare, sugillare, suggillatum, sugillatum,
literally, to beat black and blue.] To defame. [Obs.] Abp. Parker.
Suggillate
Sug"gil*late (?), v. t. [See Suggil.] To beat livid, or black and
blue. Wiseman.
Suggillation
Sug`gil*la"tion (?), n. [L. suggillatio: cf. F. suggillation.] A
livid, or black and blue, mark; a blow; a bruise.
Suicidal
Su"i*ci`dal (?), a. Partaking of, or of the nature of, the crime or
suicide. -- Su"i*ci`dal*ly, adv.
Suicide
Su"i*cide (?), n. [L. sui of one's self (akin to suus one's own) +
caedere to slay, to kill. Cf. So, adv., Homicide.]
1. The act of taking one's own life voluntary and intentionally;
self-murder; specifically (Law), the felonious killing of one's self;
the deliberate and intentional destruction of one's own life by a
person of years of discretion and of sound mind.
2. One guilty of self-murder; a felo-de-se.
3. Ruin of one's own interests. "Intestine war, which may be justly
called political suicide." V. Knox.
Suicidical
Su`i*cid"i*cal (?), a. Suicidal. [Obs.]
Suicidism
Su"i*ci*dism (?), n. The quality or state of being suicidal, or
self-murdering. [R.]
Suicism
Su"i*cism (?), n. [L. suus one's own.] Selfishness; egoism. [R.]
Whitlock.
Sui generis
Su"i gen"e*ris (?). [L.] Of his or its own kind.
Suillage
Su"il*lage (?), n. [OF. souillage, soillage, fr. souiller, soiller.
See Soil to stain, and cf. Sullage.] A drain or collection of filth.
[Obs.] [Written also sulliage, and sullage.] Sir H. Wotton.
Suilline
Su"il*line (?), a. [L. sus hog.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a hog
or the Hog family (Suid\'91).
Suine
Su"ine (?), n. [Cf. Suint.] A mixture of oleomargarine with lard or
other fatty ingredients. It is used as a substitute for butter. See
Butterine.
Suing
Su"ing (?), n. [Cf. F. suer to sweat, L. sudare.] The process of
soaking through anything. [Obs.] Bacon.
Suingly
Su"ing*ly, adv. [See Sue to follow.] In succession; afterwards. [Obs.]
Sir T. More.
Suint
Su"int (?), n. [F.] (Chem.) A peculiar substance obtained from the
wool of sheep, consisting largely of potash mixed with fatty and
earthy matters. It is used as a source of potash and also for the
manufacture of gas.
Suigothus
Su`i*gothus" (?), n. pl. [L. Suiones (a Teutonic tribe in what is now
Sweeden) + E. Goth.] The Scandinavian Goths. See the Note under Goths.
Suist
Su"ist, n. [L. suus belinging to himself or to one's self.] One who
seeks for things which gratify merely himself; a selfish person; a
selfist. [R.] Whitlock.
Suit
Suit (?), n. [OE. suite, F. suite, OF. suite, sieute, fr. suivre to
follow, OF. sivre; perhaps influenced by L. secta. See Sue to follow,
and cf. Sect, Suite.]
1. The act of following or pursuing, as game; pursuit. [Obs.]
2. The act of suing; the process by which one endeavors to gain an end
or an object; an attempt to attain a certain result; pursuit;
endeavor.
Thenceforth the suit of earthly conquest shone. Spenser.
3. The act of wooing in love; the solicitation of a woman in marriage;
courtship.
Rebate your loves, each rival suit suspend, Till this funereal web
my labors end. Pope.
4. (Law) The attempt to gain an end by legal process; an action or
process for the recovery of a right or claim; legal application to a
court for justice; prosecution of right before any tribunal; as, a
civil suit; a criminal suit; a suit in chancery.
I arrest thee at the suit of Count Orsino. Shak.
In England the several suits, or remedial instruments of justice,
are distinguished into three kinds -- actions personal, real, and
mixed. Blackstone.
5. That which follows as a retinue; a company of attendants or
followers; the assembly of persons who attend upon a prince,
magistrate, or other person of distinction; -- often written suite,
and pronounced sw&emac;t.
6. Things that follow in a series or succession; the individual
objects, collectively considered, which constitute a series, as of
rooms, buildings, compositions, etc.; -- often written suite, and
pronounced sw&emac;t.
7. A number of things used together, and generally necessary to be
united in order to answer their purpose; a number of things ordinarily
classed or used together; a set; as, a suit of curtains; a suit of
armor; a suit of clothes. "Two rogues in buckram suits." Shak.
8. (Playing Cards) One of the four sets of cards which constitute a
pack; -- each set consisting of thirteen cards bearing a particular
emblem, as hearts, spades, cubs, or diamonds.
To deal and shuffle, to divide and sort Her mingled suits and
sequences. Cowper.
9. Regular order; succession. [Obs.]
Every five and thirty years the same kind and suit of weather comes
again. Bacon.
<-- 10. [From def. 7, someone who dresses in a business suit, as
contrasted with more informal attire] A person, such as business
executive, or government official, who is apt to view a situation
formalistically, bureaucratically, or according to formal procedural
ctriteria; -- used derogatively for one who is inflexible, esp. when a
more humanistic or imaginative approach would be appropriate. --> Out
of suits, having no correspondence. [Obs.] Shak. -- Suit and service
(Feudal Law), the duty of feudatories to attend the courts of their
lords or superiors in time of peace, and in war to follow them and do
military service; -- called also suit service. Blackstone. -- Suit
broker, one who made a trade of obtaining the suits of petitioners at
court. [Obs.] -- Suit court (O. Eng. Law), the court in which tenants
owe attendance to their lord. -- Suit covenant (O. Eng. Law), a
covenant to sue at a certain court. -- Suit custom (Law), a service
which is owed from time immemorial. -- Suit service. (Feudal Law) See
Suit and service, above. -- To bring suit. (Law) (a) To bring secta,
followers or witnesses, to prove the plaintiff's demand. [Obs.] (b) In
modern usage, to institute an action. -- To follow suit. (Card
Playing) See under Follow, v. t.
Suit
Suit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suited; p. pr. & vb. n. Suiting.]
1. To fit; to adapt; to make proper or suitable; as, to suit the
action to the word. Shak.
2. To be fitted to; to accord with; to become; to befit.
Ill suits his cloth the praise of railing well. Dryden.
Raise her notes to that sublime degree Which suits song of piety
and thee. Prior.
3. To dress; to clothe. [Obs.]
So went he suited to his watery tomb. Shak.
4. To please; to make content; as, he is well suited with his place;
to suit one's taste.
Suit
Suit, v. i. To agree; to accord; to be fitted; to correspond; --
usually followed by with or to.
The place itself was suiting to his care. Dryden.
Give me not an office That suits with me so ill. Addison.
Syn. -- To agree; accord; comport; tally; correspond; match; answer.
Suitability
Suit`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being suitable;
suitableness.
Suitable
Suit"a*ble (?), a. Capable of suiting; fitting; accordant; proper;
becoming; agreeable; adapted; as, ornaments suitable to one's station;
language suitable for the subject. -- Suit"a*ble*ness, n. --
Suit"a*bly, adv. Syn. -- Proper; fitting; becoming; accordant;
agreeable; competent; correspondent; compatible; consonant; congruous;
consistent.
Suite
Suite (?), n. [F. See Suit, n.]
1. A retinue or company of attendants, as of a distinguished
personage; as, the suite of an ambassador. See Suit, n., 5.
2. A connected series or succession of objects; a number of things
used or clessed together; a set; as, a suite of rooms; a suite of
minerals. See Suit, n., 6.
Mr. Barnard took one of the candles that stood upon the king's
table, and lighted his majesty through a suite of rooms till they
came to a private door into the library. Boswell.
3. (Mus.) One of the old musical forms, before the time of the more
compact sonata, consisting of a string or series of pieces all in the
same key, mostly in various dance rhythms, with sometimes an elaborate
prelude. Some composers of the present day affect the suite form.
Suiting
Suit"ing (?), n. Among tailors, cloth suitable for making entire suits
of clothes.
Suitor
Suit"or (?), n.
1. One who sues, petitions, or entreats; a petitioner; an applicant.
She hath been a suitor to me for her brother. Shak.
2. Especially, one who solicits a woman in marriage; a wooer; a lover.
Sir P. Sidney.
3. (a) (Law) One who sues or prosecutes a demand in court; a party to
a suit, as a plaintiff, petitioner, etc. (b) (O. Eng. Law) One who
attends a court as plaintiff, defendant, petitioner, appellant,
witness, juror, or the like.
Suitress
Suit"ress (?), n. A female supplicant. Rowe.
Suji
Su"ji (?), n. [Hind. s.] Indian wheat, granulated but not pulverized;
a kind of semolina. [Written also soojee.]
Sula
Su"la (?), n. [NL., fr. Icel. s the gannet. See Solan goose.]
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of sea birds including the booby and the common
gannet.
Sulcate, Sulcated
Sul"cate (?), Sul"ca*ted (?), a. [L. sulcatus, p.p. of sulcare to
furrow, fr. sulcus a furrow.] Scored with deep and regular furrows;
furrowed or grooved; as, a sulcated stem.
Sulcation
Sul*ca"tion (?), n. A channel or furrow.
Sulciform
Sul"ci*form (?), a. Having the form of a sulcus; as, sulciform
markings.
Sulcus
Sul"cus (?), n.; pl. Sulci (#). [L., a furrow.] A furrow; a groove; a
fissure.
Suleah fish
Su"le*ah fish` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A coarse fish of India, used in making
a breakfast relish called burtah.
Sulk
Sulk (?), n. [L. sulcus.] A furrow. [Obs.]
Sulk
Sulk, v. i. [See Sulkiness.] To be silently sullen; to be morose or
obstinate. T. Hook.
Sulker
Sulk"er (?), n. One who sulks.
Sulkily
Sulk"i*ly (?), adv. In a sulky manner.
Sulkiness
Sulk"i*ness, n. [For sulkenness, fr. AS. solcen slothful, remiss, in
\'besolcen, besolcen, properly p.p. of sealcan in \'besealcan to be
weak or slothful; of uncertain origin.] The quality or state of being
sulky; sullenness; moroseness; as, sulkiness of disposition.
Sulks
Sulks (?), n. pl. The condition of being sulky; a sulky mood or humor;
as, to be in the sulks.
Sulky
Sulk"y (?), a. [Compar. Sulkier (?); superl. Sulkiest.] [See
Sulkiness, and cf. Sulky, n.] Moodly silent; sullen; sour; obstinate;
morose; splenetic. Syn. -- See Sullen.
Sulky
Sulk"y, n.; pl. Sulkies (#). [From Sulky, a.; -- so called from the
owner's desire of riding alone.] A light two-wheeled carriage for a
single person.
NOTE: &hand; Su lky is us ed ad jectively in the names of several
agricultural machines drawn by horses to denote that the machine is
provided with wheels and a seat for the driver; as, sulky plow;
sulky harrow; sulky rake, etc.
Sull
Sull (?), n. [AS. suluh, sulh, a plow; cf. OHG. suohili a little
plow.] A plow. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
Sullage
Sul"lage (?), n. [Cf. Suillage, Sulliage.]
1. Drainage of filth; filth collected from the street or highway;
sewage. [Obs.]
The streets were exceedingly large, well paved, having many vaults
and conveyances under them for sullage. Evelyn.
2. That which sullies or defiles. [Obs.]
It is the privilege of the celestial luminaries to receive no
tincture, sullage, or difilement from the most noisome sinks and
dunghills here below. South.
3. (Founding) The scoria on the surface of molten metal in the ladle.
4. (Hydraul. Engin.) Silt; mud deposited by water.
Sullage piece (Founding), the sprue of a casting. See Sprue, n., 1
(b).
Sullen
Sul"len (?), a. [OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old
French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See
Sole, a.]
1. Lonely; solitary; desolate. [Obs.] Wyclif (Job iii. 14).
2. Gloomy; dismal; foreboding. Milton.
Solemn hymns so sullen dirges change. Shak.
3. Mischievous; malignant; unpropitious.
Such sullen planets at my birth did shine. Dryden.
4. Gloomily angry and silent; cross; sour; affected with ill humor;
morose.
And sullen I forsook the imperfect feast. Prior.
5. Obstinate; intractable.
Things are as sullen as we are. Tillotson.
6. Heavy; dull; sluggish. "The larger stream was placid, and even
sullen, in its course." Sir W. Scott. Syn. -- Sulky; sour; cross;
ill-natured; morose; peevish; fretful; ill-humored; petulant; gloomy;
malign; intractable. -- Sullen, Sulky. Both sullen and sulky show
themselves in the demeanor. Sullenness seems to be an habitual
sulkiness, and sulkiness a temporary sullenness. The former may be an
innate disposition; the latter, a disposition occasioned by recent
injury. Thus we are in a sullen mood, and in a sulky fit.
No cheerful breeze this sullen region knows; The dreaded east is
all the wind that blows. Pope.
-- Sul"len*ly, adv. -- Sul"len*ness, n.
Sullen
Sul"len, n.
1. One who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit. [Obs.] Piers
Plowman.
2. pl. Sullen feelings or manners; sulks; moroseness; as, to have the
sullens. [Obs.] Shak.
Sullen
Sul"len, v. t. To make sullen or sluggish. [Obs.]
Sullens the whole body with . . . laziness. Feltham.
Sullevate
Sul"le*vate (?), v. t. [L. sublevare to raise up. Cf. Sublevation.] To
rouse; to excite. [Obs.] Daniel.
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Sulliage
Sul"li*age (?), n. [Cf. Sullage, Suillage, or Sully, v. t.] Foulness;
filth. [Obs.]
Though we wipe away with never so much care the dirt thrown at us,
there will be left some sulliage behind. Gov. of Tongue.
Sully
Sul"ly (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sullied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sullying
(?).] [OE. sulien, AS. sylian, fr. sol mire; akin to G. suhle mire,
sich, s\'81hlen to wallow, Sw. s\'94la to bemire, Dan. s\'94le, Goth.
bisaulijan to defile.] To soil; to dirty; to spot; to tarnish; to
stain; to darken; -- used literally and figuratively; as, to sully a
sword; to sully a person's reputation.
Statues sullied yet with sacrilegious smoke. Roscommon.
No spots to sully the brightness of this solemnity. Atterbury.
Sully
Sul"ly, v. i. To become soiled or tarnished.
Silvering will sully and canker more than gilding. Bacon.
Sully
Sul"ly, n.; pl. Sullies (. Soil; tarnish; stain.
A noble and triumphant merit breaks through little spots and
sullies in his reputation. Spectator.
Sulphacid
Sulph*ac"id (?), n. [Sulpho- + acid.] (Chem.) An acid in which, to a
greater or less extent, sulphur plays a part analogous to that of
oxygen in an oxyacid; thus, thiosulphuric and sulpharsenic acids are
sulphacids; -- called also sulphoacid. See the Note under Acid, n., 2.
Sulphamate
Sulph*am"ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphamic acid.
Sulphamic
Sulph*am"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to a sulphamide; derived
from, or related to, a sulphamide; specifically, designating an amido
acid derivative, NH2.SO2.OH, of sulphuric acid (analogous to sulphonic
acid) which is not known in the free state, but is known in its salts.
Sulphamide
Sulph*am"ide (?), n. (Chem.) Any one of a series of amido compounds
obtained by treating sulphuryl chloride with various amines.
Sulphanilic
Sulph`a*nil"ic (?), a. [From sulphuric + anilene.] (Chem.) Of,
pertaining to, or designating, an anilene sulphonic acid which is
obtained as a white crystalline substance.
Sulphantimonate
Sulph*an`ti*mo"nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphantimonic acid.
Sulphantimonic
Sulph*an`ti*mon"ic (?), a. [Sulpho- + antimonic.] (Chem.) Of,
pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of antimony
(called also thioantimonic acid) analogous to sulpharsenic acid.
Sulphantimonious
Sulph*an`ti*mo"ni*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of antimony (called also
thioantimonious acid) analogous to sulpharsenious acid.
Sulphantimonite
Sulph*an"ti*mo*nite` (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphantimonious acid.
Sulpharsenate
Sulph*ar"se*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulpharsenic acid.
Sulpharsenic
Sulph`ar*sen"ic (?), a. [Sulpho\'cf + arsenic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining
to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid (called also thioarsenic
acid) analogous to arsenic acid, and known only in its salts.
Sulpharsenious
Sulph`ar*se"ni*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
a hypothetical sulphacid (called also thioarsenious acid) analogous to
arsenious acid, and known only in its salts.
Sulpharsenite
Sulph*ar"se*nite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulpharsenious acid.
Sulphate
Sul"phate (?), n. [NL. sulphas, sulphatis, fr. L. sulphur, sulfur,
brimstone, sulphur: cf. F. sulfate.] (Chem.) A salt of sulphuric acid.
Sulphatic
Sul*phat"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, resembling, or
containing, a sulphate or sulphates.
Sulphato-
Sul"pha*to- (?). (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively)
denoting a sulphate as an ingredient in certain double salts; as,
sulphato-carbonate. [R.]
Sulphaurate
Sulph*au"rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphauric acid.
Sulphauric
Sulph*au"ric (?), a. [Sulpho\'cf + aurum.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to,
or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of gold (aurum), known only
in its salts.
Sulphide
Sul"phide (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of sulphur, or one so
regarded; -- formerly called sulphuret. Double sulphide (Chem.), a
compound of two sulphides. -- Hydrogen sulphide. (Chem.) See under
Hydrogen. -- Metallic sulphide, a binary compound of sulphur with a
metal.
Sulphinate
Sul"phi*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of a sulphinic acid.
Sulphindigotic
Sulph*in`di*got"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
a sulphonic acid obtained, as a blue solution, by dissolving indigo in
sulphuric acid; -- formerly called also cerulic sulphuric acid, but
properly called indigo-disulphonic acid.
Sulphine
Sul"phine (?), n. (Chem.) Any one of a series of basic compounds which
consist essentially of sulphur united with hydrocarbon radicals. In
general they are oily or crystalline deliquescent substances having a
peculiar odor; as, trimethyl sulphine, (CH3)3S.OH. Cf. Sulphonium.
Sulphinic
Sul*phin"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one
of a series of acids regarded as acid ethereal salts of hyposulphurous
acid; as, methyl sulphinic acid, CH3.SO.OH, a thick unstable liquid.
Sulphinide
Sul"phi*nide (?), n. [Sulpho\'cf + amine + anhydride.] (Chem.) A white
or yellowish crystalline substance, C6H4.(SO2.CO).NH, produced
artificially by the oxidation of a sulphamic derivative of toluene. It
is the sweetest substance known, having over two hundred times the
sweetening power of sugar, and is known in commerce under the name of
saccharine. It has acid properties and forms salts (which are
inaccurately called saccharinates). I. Remsen.
Sulphion
Sul"phi*on (?), n. [Sulpho- + ion.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical,
SO4, regarded as forming the acid or negative constituent of sulphuric
acid and the sulphates in electrolytic decomposition; -- so called in
accordance with the binary theory of salts. [Written also sulphione.]
Sulphionide
Sulph*i"on*ide (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of sulphion, or one
so regarded; thus, sulphuric acid, Hsulphionide.
Sulphite
Sul"phite (?), n. [Cf. F. sulfite. See Sulphur.] (Chem.) A salt of
sulphurous acid.
Sulpho-
Sul"pho- (?). (Chem.) A prefix (also used adjectively) designating
sulphur as an ingredient in certain compounds. Cf. Thio-.
Sulphoarsenic
Sul`pho*ar*sen"ic (?), a. (Chem.)Of, pertaining to, or containing,
sulphur and arsenic; -- said of an acid which is the same as arsenic
acid with the substitution of sulphur for oxygen.
Sulphocarbonate
Sul`pho*car"bon*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphocarbonic acid; a
thiocarbonate.
Sulphocarbonic
Sul`pho*car*bon"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
a sulphacid, H2CSO2 (called also thiocarbonic acid), or an acid,
H2CS3, analogous to carbonic acid, obtained as a yellow oily liquid of
a pungent odor, and forming salts.
Sulphocyanate
Sul`pho*cy"a*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphocyanic acid; -- also
called thiocyanate, and formerly inaccurately sulphocyanide. Ferric
sulphocyanate (Chem.), a dark red crystalline substance usually
obtained in a blood-red solution, and recognized as a test for ferric
iron.
Sulphocyanic
Sul`pho*cy*an"ic (?), a. [See Sulphur, Cyanic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining
to, derived from, or designating, a sulphacid, HSCN, analogous to
cyanic acid, and obtained as a colorless deliquescent crystalline
substance, having a bitter saline taste, and not poisonous.
Sulphocyanide
Sul`pho*cy"a*nide (?), n. (Chem.) See Sulphocyanate.
Sulphocyanogen
Sul`pho*cy*an"o*gen (?), n. (Chem.) See Persulphocyanogen. [Obs.]
Sulphonal
Sul"pho*nal (?), n. (Med.) A substance employed as a hypnotic,
produced by the union of mercaptan and acetone.
Sulphonate
Sul"pho*nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphonic acid.
Sulphone
Sul"phone (?), n. (Chem.) Any one of a series of compounds analogous
to the ketones, and consisting of the sulphuryl group united with two
hydrocarbon radicals; as, dimethyl sulphone, (CH.SO
Sulphonic
Sul*phon"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, a
sulphone; -- used specifically to designate any one of a series of
acids (regarded as acid ethereal salts of sulphurous acid) obtained by
the oxidation of the mercaptans, or by treating sulphuric acid with
certain aromatic bases (as benzene); as, phenyl sulphonic acid,
C6H5.SO2.OH, a stable colorless crystalline substance. Sulphonic group
(Chem.), the hypothetical radical, SO2.OH, the characteristic residue
of sulphonic acids.
Sulphonium
Sul*pho"ni*um (?), n. [Sulphur + ammonium.] (Chem.) A hypothetical
radical, SH3, regarded as the type and nucleus of the sulphines.
Sulphophosphate
Sul`pho*phos"phate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphophosphoric acid.
Sulphophosphite
Sul`pho*phos"phite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphophosphorous acid.
Sulphophosphoric
Sul`pho*phos*phor"ic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or designating, a
hypothetical sulphacid of phosphorus, analogous to phosphoric acid,
and known in its salts.
Sulphophosphorous
Sul`pho*phos"phor*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or
designating, a hypothetical acid of phosphorus, analogous to
phosphorous acid, and known in its salts.
Sulphosalt
Sul"pho*salt` (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of a sulphacid.
Sulphostannate
Sul`pho*stan"nate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphostannic acid.
Sulphostannic
Sul`pho*stan"nic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a
sulphacid of tin (more exactly called metasulphostannic acid), which
is obtained as a dark brown amorphous substance, H
Sulphotungstate
Sul`pho*tung"state (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphotungstic acid.
Sulphotungstic
Sul`pho*tung"stic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
hypothetical sulphacid of tungsten (called also sulphowolframic acid),
analogous to sulphuric acid, and known in its salts.
Sulphovinic
Sul`pho*vin"ic (?), a. [Sulpho- + vinum wine: cf. F. sulfovinique.]
(Chem.) Of, pertaining to, and formerly designating, ethylsulphuric
acid.
Sulphur
Sul"phur (?), n. [L., better sulfur: cf. F. soufre.]
1. (Chem.) A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large
quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as pyrites) and
sulphates (as gypsum), or native in volcanic regions, in vast beds
mixed with gypsum and various earthy materials, from which it is
melted out. Symbol S. Atomic weight 32. The specific gravity of
ordinary octohedral sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur, 1.96.
NOTE: &hand; It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a
lemon-yellow powder (by sublimation), called flour, or flowers, of
sulphur, or in cast sticks called roll sulphur, or brimstone. It
burns with a blue flame and a peculiar suffocating odor. It is an
ingredient of gunpowder, is used on friction matches, and in
medicine (as a laxative and insecticide), but its chief use is in
the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can be obtained in two
crystalline modifications, in orthorhombic octahedra, or in
monoclinic prisms, the former of which is the more stable at
ordinary temperatures. Sulphur is the type, in its chemical
relations, of a group of elements, including selenium and
tellurium, called collectively the sulphur group, or family. In
many respects sulphur resembles oxygen.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of yellow or orange
butterflies of the subfamily Pierin\'91; as, the clouded sulphur
(Eurymus, or Colias, philodice), which is the common yellow butterfly
of the Eastern United States.
Amorphous sulphur (Chem.), an elastic variety of sulphur of a resinous
appearance, obtained by pouring melted sulphur into water. On
standing, it passes back into a brittle crystalline modification. --
Liver of sulphur. (Old Chem.) See Hepar. -- Sulphur acid. (Chem.) See
Sulphacid. -- Sulphur alcohol. (Chem.) See Mercaptan. -- Sulphur
auratum [L.] (Old Chem.), a golden yellow powder, consisting of
antimonic sulphide, Sb2S5, -- formerly a famous nostrum. -- Sulphur
base (Chem.), an alkaline sulphide capable of acting as a base in the
formation of sulphur salts according to the old dual theory of salts.
[Archaic] -- Sulphur dioxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, SO2, of a
pungent, suffocating odor, produced by the burning of sulphur. It is
employed chiefly in the production of sulphuric acid, and as a reagent
in bleaching; -- called also sulphurous anhydride, and formerly
sulphurous acid. -- Sulphur ether (Chem.), a sulphide of hydrocarbon
radicals, formed like the ordinary ethers, which are oxides, but with
sulphur in the place of oxygen. -- Sulphur salt (Chem.), a salt of a
sulphacid; a sulphosalt. -- Sulphur showers, showers of yellow pollen,
resembling sulphur in appearance, often carried from pine forests by
the wind to a great distance. -- Sulphur trioxide (Chem.), a white
crystalline solid, SO3, obtained by oxidation of sulphur dioxide. It
dissolves in water with a hissing noise and the production of heat,
forming sulphuric acid, and is employed as a dehydrating agent. Called
also sulphuric anhydride, and formerly sulphuric acid. -- Sulphur
whale. (Zo\'94l.) See Sulphur-bottom. -- Vegetable sulphur (Bot.),
lycopodium powder. See under Lycopodium.
Sulphurate
Sul"phu*rate (?), a. [L. sulphuratus, sulfuratus.] Sulphureous.
[Poetic & R.] Dr. H. More.
Sulphurate
Sul"phu*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sulphurated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sulphurating.] (Chem.) To sulphurize. [Archaic]
Sulphuration
Sul`phu*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. sulfuration, L. sulphuratio,
sulfuratio, a vein of sulphur.] The act or process of combining or
impregnating with sulphur or its compounds; also, the state of being
so combined or impregnated.
Sulphurator
Sul"phu*ra`tor (?), n. An apparatus for impregnating with, or exposing
to the action of, sulphur; especially, an apparatus for fumigating or
bleaching by means of the fumes of burning sulphur.
Sulphur-bottom
Sul`phur-bot"tom (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A very large whalebone whale of
the genus Sibbaldius, having a yellowish belly; especially, S.
sulfureus of the North Pacific, and S. borealis of the North Atlantic;
-- called also sulphur whale.
Sulphureity
Sul`phu*re"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being sulphureous.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
Sulphureous
Sul*phu"re*ous (?), a. [L. sulphureus, sulfureus.] Consisting of
sulphur; having the qualities of sulphur, or brimstone; impregnated
with sulphur.
Her snakes united, sulphureous waters drink. Pope.
-- Sul*phu"re*ous*ly, adv. -- Sul*phu"re*ous*ness, n.
Sulphuret
Sul"phu*ret (?), n. (Chem.) A sulphide; as, a sulphuret of potassium.
[Obsoles.]
Sulphureted
Sul"phu*ret`ed, a. (Chem.) Combined or impregnated with sulphur;
sulphurized. [Written also sulphuretted.] Sulphureted hydrogen.
(Chem.) See Hydrogen sulphide, under Hydrogen.
Sulphuric
Sul*phu"ric (?), a. [Cf. F. sulfurique.]
1. Of or pertaining to sulphur; as, a sulphuric smell.
2. (Chem.) Derived from, or containing, sulphur; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a higher valence
as contrasted with the sulphurous compounds; as, sulphuric acid.
Sulphuric acid. (a) Sulphur trioxide (see under Sulphur); -- formerly
so called on the dualistic theory of salts. [Obs.] (b) A heavy,
corrosive, oily liquid, H2SO4, colorless when pure, but usually
yellowish or brownish, produced by the combined action of sulphur
dioxide, oxygen (from the air), steam, and nitric fumes. It attacks
and dissolves many metals and other intractable substances, sets free
most acids from their salts, and is used in the manufacture of
hydrochloric and nitric acids, of soda, of bleaching powders, etc. It
is also powerful dehydrating agent, having a strong affinity for
water, and eating and corroding paper, wood, clothing, etc. It is thus
used in the manufacture of ether, of imitation parchment, and of
nitroglycerin. It is also used in etching iron, in removing iron scale
from forgings, in petroleum refining, etc., and in general its
manufacture is the most important and fundamental of all the chemical
industries. Formerly called vitriolic acid, and now popularly vitriol,
and oil of vitriol. -- Fuming sulphuric acid, OR Nordhausen sulphuric
acid. See Disulphuric acid, under Disulphuric. -- Sulphuric anhydride,
sulphur trioxide. See under Sulphur. -- Sulphuric ether, common
an\'91sthetic ether; -- so called because made by the catalytic action
of sulphuric acid on alcohol. See Ether, 3 (a).<-- now usu. ether or
ethyl ether. -->
Sulphurine
Sul"phur*ine (?), a. Sulphureous. [R.]
Sulphuring
Sul"phur*ing, n. Exposure to the fumes of burning sulphur, as in
bleaching; the process of bleaching by exposure to the fumes of
sulphur.
Sulphurize
Sul"phur*ize (?), v. t. (Chem.) To combine or impregnate with sulphur
or any of its compounds; as, to sulphurize caoutchouc in vulcanizing.
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Sulphurous
Sul"phur*ous (?), a. [L. sulphurosus, sulfurosus: cf. F. sulfureux.]
1. Of or pertaining to sulphur.
2. (Chem.) (a) Derived from, or containing, sulphur; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence
as contrasted with the sulphuric compounds. (b) Having the
characteristic odor of sulphur dioxide, or of hydrogen sulphide, or of
other sulphur compounds.
Sulphurous acid. (a) Sulphur dioxide. See under Sulphur. [Obs.] (b) An
acid, H2SO3, not known in the free state except as a solution of
sulphur dioxide in water, but forming a well-known series of salts
(the sulphites). -- Sulphurous anhydride (Chem.), sulphur dioxide. See
under Sulphur.
Sulphurwort
Sul"phur*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The hog's fennel. See under Fennel.
Sulphury
Sul"phur*y (?), a. Resembling, or partaking of the nature of, sulphur;
having the qualities of sulphur.
Sulphuryl
Sul"phur*yl (?), n. [Sulphur + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical
SO2; -- called also sulphon. Sulphuryl chloride, a chloride, pungent,
fuming liquid, SO2.Cl2, obtained by the action of phosphorus
pentachloride on sulphur trioxide. On treatment with water it
decomposes into sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, and is hence called
also sulphuric chloranhydride.<-- used in organic chemistry to prepare
acyl chlorides fro organic acids. -->
Sulphydrate
Sul*phy"drate (?), n. (Chem.) A compound, analogous to a hydrate,
regarded as a salt of sulphydric acid, or as a derivative of hydrogen
sulphide in which one half of the hydrogen is replaced by a base (as
potassium sulphydrate, KSH), or as a hydrate in which the oxygen has
been wholly or partially replaced by sulphur.
Sulphydric
Sul*phy"dric (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
hydrogen sulphide, which is regarded as an acid, especially when in
solution.
Sulpician
Sul*pi"cian (?), n. [So called after the parish of St. Sulpice in
Paris, of which the founder, Jean Jacques Olier, was pastor in 1643.]
(R. C. Ch.) One of an order of priests established in France in 1642
to educate men for the ministry. The order was introduced soon
afterwards into Canada, and in 1791 into the United States. [Written
also Sulpitian.]
Sultan
Sul"tan (?), n. [F. sultan (cf. Sp. soldan, It. sultano, soldano), Ar.
sult\'ben sultan, dominion. Cf. Soldan.] A ruler, or sovereign, of a
Mohammedan state; specifically, the ruler of the Turks; the Padishah,
or Grand Seignior; -- officially so called. Sultan flower. (Bot.) See
Sweet sultan, under Sweet.
Sultana
Sul*ta"na (?), n. [It.]
1. The wife of a sultan; a sultaness.
2. pl. A kind of seedless raisin produced near Smyrna in Asiatic
Turkey.
Sultana bird (Zo\'94l.), the hyacinthine, or purple, gallinule. See
Illust. under Gallinule.
Sultanate
Sul"tan*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. sultanat.] The rule or dominion of a
sultan; sultanship.
Sultaness
Sul"tan*ess (?), n. A sultana.
Sultanic
Sul*tan"ic (?), a. Pertaining to a sultan.
Sultan-red
Sul"tan-red` (?), a. Having a deep red color.
Sultanry
Sul"tan*ry (?), n. The dominions of a sultan. Bacon.
Sultanship
Sul"tan*ship, n. The office or dignity of a sultan.
Sultany
Sul"tan*y (?), n. Sultanry. [Obs.] Fuller.
Sultryly
Sul"try*ly (?), adv. In a sultry manner.
Sultriness
Sul"tri*ness, n. The quality or state of being sultry.
Sultry
Sul"try (?), a. [Compar. Sultrier (?); superl. Sultriest.] [From
Sweltry.]
1. Very hot, burning, and oppressive; as, Libya's sultry deserts.
Such as, born beneath the burning sky And sultry sun, betwixt the
tropics lie. Dryden.
2. Very hot and moist, or hot, close, stagnant, and oppressive, as
air.
When in the sultry glebe I faint, Or on the thirsty mountain plant.
Addison.
Sum
Sum (?), n. [OE. summe, somme, OF. sume, some, F. somme, L. summa, fr.
summus highest, a superlative from sub under. See Sub-, and cf.
Supreme.]
1. The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or
particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or
particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12.
Take ye the sum of all the congregation. Num. i. 2.
NOTE: &hand; Su m is no w co mmonly ap plied to an ag gregate of
numbers, and number to an aggregate of persons or things.
2. A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a
sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum. "The sum of forty pound."
Chaucer.
With a great sum obtained I this freedom. Acts xxii. 28.
3. The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount;
the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in
the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections.
4. Height; completion; utmost degree.
Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought My story to the sum
of earthly bliss. Milton.
5. (Arith.) A problem to be solved, or an example to be wrought out.
Macaulay.
A sum in arithmetic wherein a flaw discovered at a particular point
is ipso facto fatal to the whole. Gladstone.
A large sheet of paper . . . covered with long sums. Dickens.
Algebraic sum, as distinguished from arithmetical sum, the aggregate
of two or more numbers or quantities taken with regard to their signs,
as + or -, according to the rules of addition in algebra; thus, the
algebraic sum of -2, 8, and -1 is 5. -- In sum, in short; in brief.
[Obs.] "In sum, the gospel . . . prescribes every virtue to our
conduct, and forbids every sin." Rogers.
Sum
Sum, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Summed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Summing.] [Cf. F.
sommer, LL. summare.]
1. To bring together into one whole; to collect into one amount; to
cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the totality of; --
usually with up.
The mind doth value every moment, and then the hour doth rather sum
up the moments, than divide the day. Bacon.
2. To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few
words; to condense; -- usually with up.
"Go to the ant, thou sluggard," in few words sums up the moral of
this fable. L'Estrange.
He sums their virtues in himself alone. Dryden.
3. (Falconry) To have (the feathers) full grown; to furnish with
complete, or full-grown, plumage.
But feathered soon and fledge They summed their pens [wings].
Milton.
Summing up, a compendium or abridgment; a recapitulation; a
r\'82sum\'82; a summary. Syn. -- To cast up; collect; comprise;
condense; comprehend; compute.
Sumac, Sumach
Su"mac, Su"mach (?), n. [F. sumac, formerly sumach (cf. Sp. zumaque),
fr. Ar. summ\'beq.] [Written also shumac.]
1. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Rhus, shrubs or small trees with
usually compound leaves and clusters of small flowers. Some of the
species are used in tanning, some in dyeing, and some in medicine.
One, the Japanese Rhus vernicifera, yields the celebrated Japan
varnish, or lacquer.
2. The powdered leaves, peduncles, and young branches of certain
species of the sumac plant, used in tanning and dyeing.
Poison sumac. (Bot.) See under Poison.
Sumatran
Su*ma"tran (?), a. Of or pertaining to Sumatra or its inhabitants. --
n. A native of Sumatra.
Sumbul
Sum"bul (?), n. [Pers.] The musky root of an Asiatic umbelliferous
plant, Ferula Sumbul. It is used in medicine as a stimulant. [Written
also sumbal.] -- Sum*bul"ic, a.
Sumless
Sum"less (?), a. Not to be summed up or computed; so great that the
amount can not be ascertained; incalculable; inestimable. "Sumless
treasure." Pope.
Summarily
Sum"ma*ri*ly (?), adv. In a summary manner.
Summarist
Sum"ma*rist (?), n. One who summarized.
Summarize
Sum"ma*rize (?), v. t. To comprise in, or reduce to, a summary; to
present briefly. Chambers.
Summary
Sum"ma*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. sommaire. See Sum.]
1. Formed into a sum; summed up; reduced into a narrow compass, or
into few words; short; brief; concise; compendious; as, a summary
statement of facts.
2. Hence, rapidly performed; quickly executed; as, a summary process;
to take summary vengeance. Syn. -- Short; brief; concise; compendious;
succinct.
Summary
Sum"ma*ry, n.; pl. Summaries (#). [F. sommaire, or L. summarium. See
Summary, a.] A general or comprehensive statement; an abridged
account; an abstract, abridgment, or compendium, containing the sum or
substance of a fuller account.
Summation
Sum*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. sommation. See Sum, v. t.] The act of
summing, or forming a sum, or total amount; also, an aggregate.
Of this series no summation is possible to a finite intellect. De
Quincey.
Summer
Sum"mer (?), n. [From Sum, v.] One who sums; one who casts up an
account.
Summer
Sum"mer, n. [F. sommier a rafter, the same word as sommier a beast of
burden. See Sumpter.] (Arch.) A large stone or beam placed
horizontally on columns, piers, posts, or the like, serving for
various uses. Specifically: (a) The lintel of a door or window. (b)
The commencement of a cross vault. (c) A central floor timber, as a
girder, or a piece reaching from a wall to a girder. Called also
summertree.
Summer
Sum"mer, n. [OE. sumer, somer, AS. sumor, sumer; akin to OFries.
sumur, D. zomer, OS. sumar, G. sommer, OHG. & Icel. sumar, Dan.
sommer, Sw. sommar, W. haf, Zend hama, Skr. sam\'be year. \'fb292.]
The season of the year in which the sun shines most directly upon any
region; the warmest period of the year.
NOTE: &hand; No rth of th e eq uator su mmer is popularly taken to
include the months of June, July, and August. Astronomically it may
be considered, in the northern hemisphere, to begin with the summer
solstice, about June 21st, and to end with the autumnal equinox,
about September 22d.
Indian summer, in North America, a period of warm weather late in
autumn, usually characterized by a clear sky, and by a hazy or smoky
appearance of the atmosphere, especially near the horizon. The name is
derived probably from the custom of the Indians of using this time in
preparation for winter by laying in stores of food. -- Saint Martin's
summer. See under Saint. -- Summer bird (Zo\'94l.), the wryneck.
[Prov. Eng.] -- Summer colt, the undulating state of the air near the
surface of the ground when heated. [Eng.] -- Summer complaint (Med.),
a popular term for any diarrheal disorder occurring in summer,
especially when produced by heat and indigestion. -- Summer coot
(Zo\'94l.), the American gallinule. [Local, U.S.] -- Summer cypress
(Bot.), an annual plant (Kochia Scoparia) of the Goosefoot family. It
has narrow, ciliate, crowded leaves, and is sometimes seen in gardens.
-- Summer duck. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The wood duck. (b) The garganey, or
summer teal. See Illust. of Wood duck, under Wood. -- Summer fallow,
land uncropped and plowed, etc., during the summer, in order to
pulverize the soil and kill the weeds. -- Summer rash (Med.), prickly
heat. See under Prickly. -- Summer sheldrake (Zo\'94l.), the hooded
merganser. [Local, U.S.] -- Summer snipe. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The dunlin.
(b) The common European sandpiper. (c) The green sandpiper. -- Summer
tanager (Zo\'94l.), a singing bird (Piranga rubra) native of the
Middle and Southern United States. The male is deep red, the female is
yellowish olive above and yellow beneath. Called also summer redbird.
-- Summer teal (Zo\'94l.), the blue-winged teal. [Local, U.S.] --
Summer wheat, wheat that is sown in the spring, and matures during the
summer following. See Spring wheat. -- Summer yellowbird. (Zo\'94l.)
See Yellowbird.
Summer
Sum"mer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Summered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Summering.]
To pass the summer; to spend the warm season; as, to summer in
Switzerland.
The fowls shall summer upon them. Isa. xviii. 6.
Summer
Sum"mer, v. t. To keep or carry through the summer; to feed during the
summer; as, to summer stock.
Summer-fallow
Sum"mer-fal"low (?), v. t. To plow and work in summer, in order to
prepare for wheat or other crop; to plow and let lie fallow.
Summerhouse
Sum"mer*house` (?), n.; pl. Summerhouses (. A rustic house or
apartment in a garden or park, to be used as a pleasure resort in
summer. Shak.
Summerliness
Sum"mer*li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being like summer.
[R.] Fuller.
Summersault, Summerset
Sum"mer*sault (?), Sum"mer*set (?), n. See Somersault, Somerset.
Summerstir
Sum"mer*stir` (?), v. t. To summer-fallow.
Summertide
Sum"mer*tide` (?), n. Summer time.
Summertree
Sum"mer*tree` (?), n. [Summer a beam + tree.] (Arch.) A summer. See 2d
Summer.
Summery
Sum"mer*y (?), a. Of or pertaining to summer; like summer; as, a
summery day.
Summist
Sum"mist (?), n. One who sums up; one who forms an abridgment or
summary. Sir E. Dering.
Summit
Sum"mit (?), n. [F. sommet, dim. of OF. som, sum, top, from L. summum,
from summus highest. See Sum, n.]
1. The top; the highest point.
Fixed on the summit of the highest mount. Shak.
2. The highest degree; the utmost elevation; the acme; as, the summit
of human fame.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The most elevated part of a bivalve shell, or the part
in which the hinge is situated.
Summit level, the highest level of a canal, a railroad, or the like,
in surmounting an ascent.
Summitless
Sum"mit*less, a. Having no summit.
Summity
Sum"mit*y (?), n. [L. summitas, fr. summus highest: cf. F. sommit\'82.
See Sum, n.]
1. The height or top of anything. [Obs.] Swift.
2. The utmost degree; perfection. [Obs.] Hallywell.
Summon
Sum"mon (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Summoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Summoning.] [OE. somonen, OF. sumundre, semondre, F. semondre, from
(assumed) LL. summon&ecr;re, for L. summon\'c7re to give a hint; sub
under + monere to admonish, to warn. See Monition, and cf. Submonish.]
1. To call, bid, or cite; to notify to come to appear; -- often with
up.
Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood. Shak.
Trumpets summon him to war. Dryden.
2. To give notice to, or command to appear, as in court; to cite by
authority; as, to summon witnesses.
3. (Mil.) To call upon to surrender, as a fort. Syn. -- To call; cite;
notify; convene; convoke; excite; invite; bid. See Call.
Summoner
Sum"mon*er (?), n. [OE. somner, sompnour, OF. semoneor, F. semonneur.
See Summon, v. t.] One who summons; one who cites by authority;
specifically, a petty officer formerly employed to summon persons to
appear in court; an apparitor.
Summons
Sum"mons (?), n.; pl. Summonses (#). [OE. somouns, OF. sumunse,
semonse, semonce, F. semonce, semondre to summon, OF. p.p. semons. See
Summon, v.]
1. The act of summoning; a call by authority, or by the command of a
superior, to appear at a place named, or to attend to some duty.
Special summonses by the king. Hallam.
This summons . . . unfit either to dispute or disobey. Bp. Fell.
He sent to summon the seditious, and to offer pardon; but neither
summons nor pardon was regarded. Sir J. Hayward.
2. (Law) A warning or citation to appear in court; a written
notification signed by the proper officer, to be served on a person,
warning him to appear in court at a day specified, to answer to the
plaintiff, testify as a witness, or the like.
3. (Mil.) A demand to surrender.
Summons
Sum"mons, v. t. To summon. [R. or Colloq.] Swift.
Sumner
Sum"ner (?), n. A summoner. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Sumoom
Su*moom" (?), n. See Simoom.
Sump
Sump (?), n. [Cf. G. sumpf a sump in a mine, a swamp, akin to LG.
sump, D. somp a swamp, Dan. & Sw. sump, and perhaps to E. swamp.]
1. (Metal.) A round pit of stone, lined with clay, for receiving the
metal on its first fusion. Ray.
2. The cistern or reservoir made at the lowest point of a mine, from
which is pumped the water which accumulates there.
3. A pond of water for salt works. Knight.
4. A puddle or dirty pool. [Prov. Eng.]
Sump fuse, a fuse used in blasting under water. -- Sump men (Mining),
the men who sink the sump in a mine.
Sumph
Sumph (?), n. A dunce; a blockhead. [Scot.]
Sumpitan
Sum"pi*tan (?), n. A kind of blowgun for discharging arrows, -- used
by the savages of Borneo and adjacent islands.
Sumpter
Sump"ter (?), n. [OF. sommetier the driver of a pack horse; akin to
OF. & F. sommier a pack horse, L. sagmarius, fr. sagma a pack saddle,
in LL., a load, Gr. saj, sa\'a4j, to hang on. Cf. Seam a weight,
Summer a beam.]
1. The driver of a pack horse. [Obs.] Skeat.
2. A pack; a burden. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
3. An animal, especially a horse, that carries packs or burdens; a
baggage horse. Holinshed.
Sumpter
Sump"ter, a. Carrying pack or burdens on the back; as, a sumpter
horse; a sumpter mule. Bacon.
Sumption
Sump"tion (?), n. [L. sumptio, fr. sumere, sumptum, to take.]
1. A taking. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
2. (Logic) The major premise of a syllogism.
Sumptuary
Sump"tu*a*ry (?), a. [L. sumptuarius, fr. sumptus expense, cost, fr.
sumere, sumptum, to take, use, spend; sub under + emere to take, buy:
cf. F. somptuaire. See Redeem.] Relating to expense; regulating
expense or expenditure. Bacon. Sumptuary laws OR regulations, laws
intended to restrain or limit the expenditure of citizens in apparel,
food, furniture, etc.; laws which regulate the prices of commodities
and the wages of labor; laws which forbid or restrict the use of
certain articles, as of luxurious apparel.
Sumptuosity
Sump`tu*os"i*ty (?), n. [L. sumptuositas: cf. F. somptuosit\'82.]
Expensiveness; costliness; sumptuousness. [R.] Sir W. Raleigh.
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Sumptuous
Sump"tu*ous (?), a. [L. sumptuosus, fr. sumptus expanse, cost: cf. F.
somptueux. See Sumptuary.] Involving large outlay or expense; costly;
expensive; hence, luxurious; splendid; magnificient; as, a sumptuous
house or table; sumptuous apparel.
We are too magnificient and sumptuous in our tables and attendance.
Atterbury.
She spoke, and turned her sumptuous head, with eyes Of shining
expectation fixed on mine. Tennyson.
-- Sump"tu*ous*ly, adv. -- Sump"tu*ous*ness, n.
Sun
Sun (?), n. (Bot.) See Sunn.
Sun
Sun (?), n. [OE. sunne, sonne, AS. sunne; akin to OFries. sunne, D.
zon, OS. & OHG. sunna, G. sonne, Icel. sunna, Goth. sunna; perh. fr.
same root as L. sol. \'fb297. Cf. Solar, South.]
1. The luminous orb, the light of which constitutes day, and its
absence night; the central body round which the earth and planets
revolve, by which they are held in their orbits, and from which they
receive light and heat. Its mean distance from the earth is about
92,500,000 miles, and its diameter about 860,000.
NOTE: &hand; It s me an apparent diameter as seen from the earth is
32\'b7 4&sec;, and it revolves on its own axis once in 25 days. Its
mean density is about one fourth of that of the earth, or 1.41,
that of water being unity. Its luminous surface is called the
photosphere, above which is an envelope consisting partly of
hydrogen, called the chromosphere, which can be seen only through
the spectroscope, or at the time of a total solar eclipse. Above
the chromosphere, and sometimes extending out millions of miles,
are luminous rays or streams of light which are visible only at the
time of a total eclipse, forming the solar corona.
2. Any heavenly body which forms the center of a system of orbs.
3. The direct light or warmth of the sun; sunshine.
Lambs that did frisk in the sun. Shak.
4. That which resembles the sun, as in splendor or importance; any
source of light, warmth, or animation.
For the Lord God is a sun and shield. Ps. lxxiv. 11.
I will never consent to put out the sun of sovereignity to
posterity. Eikon Basilike.
Sun and planet wheels (Mach.), an ingenious contrivance for converting
reciprocating motion, as that of the working beam of a steam engine,
into rotatory motion. It consists of a toothed wheel (called the sun
wheel), firmly secured to the shaft it is desired to drive, and
another wheel (called the planet wheel) secured to the end of a
connecting rod. By the motion of the connecting rod, the planet wheel
is made to circulate round the central wheel on the shaft,
communicating to this latter a velocity of revolution the double of
its own. G. Francis. -- Sun angel (Zo\'94l.), a South American humming
bird of the genus Heliangelos, noted for its beautiful colors and the
brilliant luster of the feathers of its throat. -- Sun animalcute.
(Zo\'94l.) See Heliozoa. -- Sun bath (Med.), exposure of a patient to
the sun's rays; insolation. -- Sun bear (Zo\'94l.), a species of bear
(Helarctos Malayanus) native of Southern Asia and Borneo. It has a
small head and short neck, and fine short glossy fur, mostly black,
but brownish on the nose. It is easily tamed. Called also bruang, and
Malayan bear. -- Sun beetle (Zo\'94l.), any small lustrous beetle of
the genus Amara. -- Sun bittern (Zo\'94l.), a singular South American
bird (Eurypyga helias), in some respects related both to the rails and
herons. It is beautifully variegated with white, brown, and black.
Called also sunbird, and tiger bittern. -- Sun fever (Med.), the
condition of fever produced by sun stroke. -- Sun gem (Zo\'94l.), a
Brazilian humming bird (Heliactin cornutus). Its head is ornamented by
two tufts of bright colored feathers, fiery crimson at the base and
greenish yellow at the tip. Called also Horned hummer. -- Sun grebe
(Zo\'94l.), the finfoot. -- Sun picture, a picture taken by the agency
of the sun's rays; a photograph. -- Sun spots (Astron.), dark spots
that appear on the sun's disk, consisting commonly of a black central
portion with a surrounding border of lighter shade, and usually seen
only by the telescope, but sometimes by the naked eye. They are very
changeable in their figure and dimensions, and vary in size from mere
apparent points to spaces of 50,000 miles in diameter. The term sun
spots is often used to include bright spaces (called facul\'91) as
well as dark spaces (called macul\'91). Called also solar spots. See
Illustration in Appendix. -- Sun star (Zo\'94l.), any one of several
species of starfishes belonging to Solaster, Crossaster, and allied
genera, having numerous rays. -- Sun trout (Zo\'94l.), the squeteague.
-- Sun wheel. (Mach.) See Sun and planet wheels, above. -- Under the
sun, in the world; on earth. "There is no new thing under the sun."
Eccl. i. 9.
NOTE: &hand; S un i s o ften u sed i n t he f ormation o f compound
adjectives of obvious meaning; as, sun-bright, sun-dried, sun-gilt,
sunlike, sun-lit, sun-scorched, and the like.
Sun
Sun, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sunned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sunning.] To
expose to the sun's rays; to warm or dry in the sun; as, to sun cloth;
to sun grain.
Then to sun thyself in open air. Dryden.
Sunbeam
Sun"beam` (?), n. [AS. sunnebeam.] A beam or ray of the sun. "Evening
sunbeams." Keble.
Thither came Uriel, gliding through the even On a sunbeam. Milton.
Sunbird
Sun"bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of small
brilliantly colored birds of the family Nectariniid\'91, native of
Africa, Southern Asia, the East Indies, and Australia. In external
appearance and habits they somewhat resemble humming birds, but they
are true singing birds (Oscines). (b) The sun bittern.
Sunblink
Sun"blink` (?), n. A glimpse or flash of the sun. [Scot.] Sir W.
Scott.
Sunbonnet
Sun"bon"net (?), n. A bonnet, generally made of some thin or light
fabric, projecting beyond the face, and commonly having a cape, --
worn by women as a protection against the sun.
Sunbow
Sun"bow` (?), n. A rainbow; an iris. Byron.
Sunburn
Sun"burn` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sunburned (?) or Sunburnt (; p. pr.
& vb. n. Sunburning.] To burn or discolor by the sun; to tan.
Sunburnt and swarthy though she be. Dryden.
Sunburn
Sun"burn`, n. The burning or discoloration produced on the skin by the
heat of the sun; tan.
Sun-burner
Sun"-burn`er (?), n. A circle or cluster of gas-burners for lighting
and ventilating public buildings.
Sunburning
Sun"burn`ing, n. Sunburn; tan. Boyle.
Sunburst
Sun"burst` (?), n. A burst of sunlight.
Sundart
Sun"dart` (?), n. Sunbeam. [R.] Mrs. Hemans.
Sunday
Sun"day (?), n. [AS. sunnand\'91g; sunne, gen. sunnan, the sun +
d\'91g day; akin to D. zondag, G. sonntag; -- so called because this
day was anciently dedicated to the sun, or to its worship. See Sun,
and Day.] The first day of the week, -- consecrated among Christians
to rest from secular employments, and to religious worship; the
Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day. Advent Sunday, Low Sunday, Passion
Sunday, etc. See under Advent, Low, etc. Syn. -- See Sabbath.
Sunday
Sun"day, a. Belonging to the Christian Sabbath. Sunday letter. See
Dominical letter, under Dominical. -- Sunday school. See under School.
Sunder
Sun"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sundered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sundering.] [OE. sundren, AS. sundrain (in \'besundrain, gesundrain),
from sundor asunder, separately, apart; akin to D. zonder, prep.,
without, G. sonder separate, as prep., without, sondern but, OHG.
suntar separately, Icel. sundr asunder, Sw. & Dan. s\'94nder, Goth.
sundr\'d3 alone, separately.] To disunite in almost any manner, either
by rending, cutting, or breaking; to part; to put or keep apart; to
separate; to divide; to sever; as, to sunder a rope; to sunder a limb;
to sunder friends.
It is sundered from the main land by a sandy plain. Carew.
Sunder
Sun"der, v. i. To part; to separate. [R.] Shak.
Sunder
Sun"der, n. [See Sunder, v. t., and cf. Asunder.] A separation into
parts; a division or severance. In sunder, into parts. "He breaketh
the bow, and cutteth the spear in sunder." Ps. xlvi. 9.
Sunder
Sun"der, v. t. To expose to the sun and wind. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Sundew
Sun"dew` (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Drosera, low bog plants
whose leaves are beset with pediceled glands which secrete a viscid
fluid that glitters like dewdrops and attracts and detains insects.
After an insect is caught, the glands curve inward like tentacles and
the leaf digests it. Called also lustwort.
Sundial
Sun"di`al (?), n. An instrument to show the time of day by means of
the shadow of a gnomon, or style, on a plate. Sundial shell
(Zo\'94l.), any shell of the genus Solarium. See Solarium.
Sundog
Sun"dog` (?), n. (Meteorol.) A luminous spot occasionally seen a few
degrees from the sun, supposed to be formed by the intersection of two
or more halos, or in a manner similar to that of halos.
Sundown
Sun"down` (?), n.
1. The setting of the sun; sunset. "When sundown skirts the moor."
Tennyson.
2. A kind of broad-brimmed sun hat worn by women.
Sun-dried
Sun"-dried` (?), a. Dried by the heat of the sun. "Sun-dried brick."
Sir T. Herbert.
Sundries
Sun"dries (?), n. pl. Many different or small things; sundry things.
Sundrily
Sun"dri*ly (?), adv. In sundry ways; variously.
Sundry
Sun"dry (?), a. [OE. sundry, sondry, AS. syndrig, fr. sundor asunder.
See Sunder, v. t.]
1. Several; divers; more than one or two; various. "Sundry wines."
Chaucer. "Sundry weighty reasons." Shak.
With many a sound of sundry melody. Chaucer.
Sundry foes the rural realm surround. Dryden.
2. Separate; diverse. [Obs.]
Every church almost had the Bible of a sundry translation.
Coleridge.
All and sundry, all collectively, and each separately.
Sundryman
Sun"dry*man (?), n.; pl. Sundrymen (. One who deals in sundries, or a
variety of articles.
Sunfish
Sun"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very large oceanic plectognath fish
(Mola mola, Mola rotunda, or Orthagoriscus mola) having a broad body
and a truncated tail. (b) Any one of numerous species of perch-like
North American fresh-water fishes of the family Centrachid\'91. They
have a broad, compressed body, and strong dorsal spines. Among the
common species of the Eastern United States are Lepomis gibbosus
(called also bream, pondfish, pumpkin seed, and sunny), the blue
sunfish, or dollardee (L. pallidus), and the long-eared sunfish (L.
auritus). Several of the species are called also pondfish. (c) The
moonfish, or bluntnosed shiner. (d) The opah. (e) The basking, or
liver, shark. (f) Any large jellyfish.
Sunflower
Sun"flow`er (?), n. Any plant of the genus Helianthus; -- so called
probably from the form and color of its flower, which is large disk
with yellow rays. The commonly cultivated sunflower is Helianthus
annuus, a native of America.
Sung
Sung (?), imp. & p. p. of Sing.
Sunglass
Sun"glass` (?), n.; pl. Sunglasses (. A convex lens of glass for
producing heat by converging the sun's rays into a focus. "Lighting a
cigar with a sunglass." Hawthorne.
Sunglow
Sun"glow` (?), n. A rosy flush in the sky seen after sunset.
Sunk
Sunk (?), imp. & p. p. of Sink. Sunk fence, a ditch with a retaining
wall, used to divide lands without defacing a landscape; a ha-ha.
Sunken
Sunk"en (?), a. Lying on the bottom of a river or other water; sunk.
Sunless
Sun"less (?), a. Destitute or deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded;
shadowed.
The sunken glen whose sunless shrubs must weep. Byron.
Sunlight
Sun"light` (?), n. The light of the sun. Milton.
Sunlike
Sun"like` (?), a. Like or resembling the sun. "A spot of sunlike
brilliancy." Tyndall.
Sunlit
Sun"lit` (?), a. Lighted by the sun.
Sunn
Sunn (?), n. [Hind. san, fr. Skr. \'87ana.] (Bot.) An East Indian
leguminous plant (Crotalaria juncea) and its fiber, which is also
called sunn hemp. [Written also sun.]
Sunna
Sun"na (?), n. [Ar. sunnah rule, law.] A collection of traditions
received by the orthodox Mohammedans as of equal authority with the
Koran.
Sunniah
Sun"ni*ah (?), n. One of the sect of Sunnites.
Sunniness
Sun"ni*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sunny.
Sunnite
Sun"nite (?), n. One of the orthodox Mohammedans who receive the Sunna
as of equal importance with the Koran.
Sunnud
Sun"nud (?), n. [Hind., fr. Ar. sanad.] A charter or warrant; also, a
deed of gift. [India]
Sunny
Sun"ny (?), a. [Compar. Sunnier (?); superl. Sunniest.]
1. Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the
sun; hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant. "Sunny beams."
Spenser. "Sunny locks." Shak.
2. Exposed to the rays of the sun; brightened or warmed by the direct
rays of the sun; as, a sunny room; the sunny side of a hill.
Her blooming mountains and her sunny shores. Addison.
3. Cheerful; genial; as, a sunny disposition.
My decayed fair A sunny look of his would soon repair. Shak.
Sunny
Sun"ny, n. (Zo\'94l.) See Sunfish (b).
Sunproof
Sun"proof` (?), a. Impervious to the rays of the sun. "Darksome yew,
sunproof." Marston.
Sunrise, Sunrising
Sun"rise` (?), Sun"ris`ing, n.
1. The first appearance of the sun above the horizon in the morning;
more generally, the time of such appearance, whether in fair or cloudy
weather; as, to begin work at sunrise. "The tide of sunrise swells."
Keble.
2. Hence, the region where the sun rises; the east.
Which were beyond Jordan toward the sunrising. Deut. iv. 47 (Rev.
Ver.)
Full hot and fast the Saxon rides, with rein of travel slack, And,
bending o'ev his saddle, leaves the sunrise at his back. Whittier.
Sunset, Sunsetting
Sun"set" (?), Sun"set`ting, n.
1. The descent of the sun below the horizon; also, the time when the
sun sets; evening. Also used figuratively.
'T is the sunset of life gives me mystical lore. Campbell.
2. Hence, the region where the sun sets; the west.
Sunset shell (Zo\'94l.), a West Indian marine bivalve (Tellina
radiata) having a smooth shell marked with radiating bands of varied
colors resembling those seen at sunset or before sunrise; -- called
also rising sun.
Sunshade
Sun"shade` (?), n. Anything used as a protection from the sun's rays.
Specifically: (a) A small parasol. (b) An awning.
Sunshine
Sun"shine` (?), n.
1. The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays
of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which
they give.
But all sunshine, as when his beams at noon Culminate from the
equator. Milton.
2. Anything which has a warming and cheering influence like that of
the rays of the sun; warmth; illumination; brightness.
That man that sits within a monarch's heart, And ripens in the
sunshine of his favor. Shak.
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Sunshine
Sun"shine` (?), a. Sunshiny; bright. Shak. "Sunshine hours." Keble.
Sunshiny
Sun"shin`y (?), a.
1. Bright with the rays of the sun; clear, warm, or pleasant; as, a
sunshiny day.
2. Bright like the sun; resplendent.
Flashing beams of that sunshiny shield. Spenser.
3. Beaming with good spirits; cheerful. "Her sunshiny face." Spenser.
Sunsquall
Sun"squall` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any large jellyfish.
Sun star
Sun" star` (?). (Zo\'94l.) See Sun star, under Sun.
Sunsted
Sun"sted (?), n. [Sun + stead a place.] Solstice. [Obs.] "The summer
sunsted." Holland.
Sunstone
Sun"stone` (?), n. (Med.) Aventurine feldspar. See under Aventurine.
Sunstroke
Sun"stroke` (?), n. (Med.) Any affection produced by the action of the
sun on some part of the body; especially, a sudden prostration of the
physical powers, with symptoms resembling those of apoplexy,
occasioned by exposure to excessive heat, and often terminating
fatally; coup de soleil.
Sun-struck
Sun"-struck` (?), a. (Med.) Overcome by, or affected with, sunstroke;
as, sun-struck soldiers.
Sunup
Sun"up` (?), n. Sunrise. [Local, U.S.]
Such a horse as that might get over a good deal of ground atwixt
sunup and sundown. Cooper.
Sunward
Sun"ward (?), adv. Toward the sun.
Sunwise
Sun"wise` (?), adv. In the direction of the sun's apparent motion, or
from the east southward and westward, and so around the circle; also,
in the same direction as the movement of the hands of a watch lying
face upward.
Sup
Sup (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Supping.]
[OE. soupen to drink, AS. s; akin to D. zuipen, G. saufen, OHG. s,
Icel. s, Sw. supa, Dan. s\'94be. Cf. Sip, Sop, Soup, Supper.] To take
into the mouth with the lips, as a liquid; to take or drink by a
little at a time; to sip.
There I'll sup Balm and nectar in my cup. Crashaw.
Sup
Sup, n. A small mouthful, as of liquor or broth; a little taken with
the lips; a sip.
Tom Thumb had got a little sup. Drayton.
Sup
Sup, v. i. [See Supper.] To eat the evening meal; to take supper.
I do entreat that we may sup together.
Sup
Sup, v. t. To treat with supper. [Obs.]
Sup them well and look unto them all. Shak.
Supawn
Su*pawn" (?), n. [Of American Indian origin.] Boiled Indian meal;
hasty pudding; mush. [Written also sepawn, sepon, and suppawn.]
[Local, U.S.]
Supe
Supe (?), n. A super. [Theatrical Cant]
Super-
Su"per- (?). [L. super over, above; akin to Gr. sub under, and E.
over. See Over, and cf. Hyper-, Sub-, Supra-, Sur-.]
1. A prefix signifying above, over, beyond, and hence often denoting
in a superior position, in excess, over and above, in addition,
exceedingly; as in superimpose, supersede, supernatural,
superabundance.
2. (Chem.) A prefix formerly much used to denote that the ingredient
to the name of which it was prefixed was present in a large, or
unusually large, proportion as compared with the other ingredients; as
in calcium superphosphate. It has been superseded by per-, bi-, di-,
acid, etc. (as peroxide, bicarbonate, disulphide, and acid sulphate),
which retain the old meanings of super-, but with sharper definition.
Cf. Acid, a., Bi-, Di-, and Per-.
Super
Su"per, n. A contraction of Supernumerary, in sense 2. [Theatrical
Cant]
Superable
Su"per*a*ble (?), a. [L. superabilis, from superare to go over, to
surmount, fr. super above, over.] Capable of being overcome or
conquered; surmountable.
Antipathies are generally superable by a single effort. Johnson.
-- Su"per*a*ble*ness, n. -- Su"per*a*bly, adv.
Superabound
Su`per*a*bound" (?), v. i. [L. superabundare: cf. OF. superabonder.
See Super-, and Abound.] To be very abundant or exuberant; to be more
than sufficient; as, the country superabounds with corn.
Superabundance
Su`per*a*bun"dance (?), n. [L. superabundantia: cf. OF.
superabondance.] The quality or state of being superabundant; a
superabundant quantity; redundancy; excess.
Superabundant
Su`per*a*bun"dant (?), a. [L. superabundans, p.pr. of superabundare.
See Superabound.] Abounding to excess; being more than is sufficient;
redundant; as, superabundant zeal. -- Su`per*a*bun"dant*ly, adv.
Superacidulated
Su`per*a*cid"u*la`ted (?), a. Acidulated to excess. [R.]
Superadd
Su`per*add" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superadded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Superadding.] [L. superaddere. See Super-, and Add.] To add over and
above; to add to what has been added; to annex, as something
extrinsic.
The strength of any living creature, in those external motion, is
something distinct from, and superadded unto, its natural gravity.
Bp. Wilkins.
The peacock laid it extremely to heart that he had not the
nightingale's voice superadded to the beauty of his plumes.
L'Estrange.
Superaddition
Su`per*ad*di"tion (?), n. The act of adding something in excess or
something extraneous; also, something which is added in excess or
extraneously.
This superaddition is nothing but fat. Arbuthnot.
Superadvenient
Su`per*ad*ven"ient (?), a. Coming upon; coming in addition to, or in
assistance of, something. [R.]
He has done bravely by the superadvenient assistance of his God.
Dr. H. More.
Superalimentation
Su`per*al`i*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act of overfeeding, or making one
take food in excess of the natural appetite for it.
Superaltar
Su"per*al`tar (?), n. (Arch.) A raised shelf or stand on the back of
an altar, on which different objects can be placed; a predella or
gradino.
Superangelic
Su`per*an*gel"ic (?), a. Superior to the angels in nature or rank.
[R.] Milman.
Superannuate
Su`per*an"nu*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superannuated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Superannuating.] [Pref. super- + L. annus a year.]
1. To impair or disquality on account of age or infirmity. Sir T.
Browne.
2. To give a pension to, on account of old age or other infirmity; to
cause to retire from service on a pension.
Superannuate
Su`per*an"nu*ate (?), v. i. To last beyond the year; -- said of annual
plants. [Obs.] Bacon.
Superannuation
Su`per*an`nu*a"tion (?), n. The state of being superannuated, or too
old for office or business; the state of being disqualified by old
age; decrepitude.
The world itself is in a state of superannuation. Cowper.
Slyness blinking through the watery eye of superannuation.
Coleridge.
Superb
Su*perb" (?), a. [F. superbe, L. superbus, fr. super over. See
Super-.]
1. Grand; magnificent; august; stately; as, a superb edifice; a superb
colonnade.
2. Rich; elegant; as, superb furniture or decorations.
3. Showy; excellent; grand; as, a superb exhibition.
Superb paradise bird (Zo\'94l.), a bird of paradise (Paradis\'91a, OR
Lophorina, superba) having the scapulars erectile, and forming a large
ornamental tuft on each shoulder, and a large gorget of brilliant
feathers on the breast. The color is deep violet, or nearly black,
with brilliant green reflections. The gorget is bright metallic green.
-- Superb warber. (Zo\'94l.) See Blue wren, under Wren. -- Su*perb"ly,
adv. -- Su*perb"ness, n.
Superbiate
Su*per"bi*ate (?), v. t. [Cf. L. superbiare.] To make (a person)
haughty. [Obs. & R.] Feltham.
Supercarbonate
Su`per*car"bon*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A bicarbonate. [Obsoles.]
Supercarbureted
Su`per*car"bu*ret`ed (?), a. (Chem.) Bicarbureted. [Written also
supercarburetted.] [Obsoles.]
Supercargo
Su`per*car"go (?), n. [Super- + cargo: cf. Sp. sobrecargo. Cf.
Surcharge.] An officer or person in a merchant ship, whose duty is to
manage the sales, and superintend the commercial concerns, of the
voyage.
Supercarpal
Su`per*car"pal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above, or in the upper part
of, the carpus.
Supercelestial
Su`per*ce*les"tial (?), a. [Pref. super- + celestial: cf. L.
supercaelestis.]
1. Situated above the firmament, or great vault of heaven. Waterland.
2. Higher than celestial; superangelic.
Supercharge
Su`per*charge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supercharged (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Supercharging (?).] [Pref. super- + charge. Cf. Surcharge.] (Her.)
To charge (a bearing) upon another bearing; as, to supercharge a rose
upon a fess.
Supercharge
Su`per*charge" (?), n. (Her.) A bearing charged upon another bearing.
[R.]
Superchemical
Su`per*chem"ic*al (?), a. Above or beyond chemistry; inexplicable by
chemical laws. J. Le Conte.
Superchery
Su*perch"er*y (?), n. [F. supercherie.] Deceit; fraud; imposition.
[Obs. & R.]
Superciliary
Su`per*cil"i*a*ry (?), a. [L. supercilium an eyebrow. See
Supercilious.]
1. Of or pertaining to the eyebrows; supraorbital.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having a distinct streak of color above the eyes; as,
the superciliary woodpecker.
Supercilious
Su`per*cil"i*ous (?), a. [L. superciliosus, fr. supercilium an
eyebrow, pride; super over, + cilium an eyelid; probably akin to
celare to conceal. Cf. Conceal.] Lofty with pride; haughty;
dictatorial; overbearing; arrogant; as, a supercilious officer;
asupercilious air; supercilious behavior. -- Su`per*cil"i*ous*ly, adv.
-- Su`per*cil"i*ous*ness, n.
Supercilium
Su`per*cil"i*um (?), n. [L.] (Zo\'94l.) The eyebrow, or the region of
the eyebrows.
Supercolumniation
Su`per*co*lum`ni*a"tion (?), n. (Arch.) The putting of one order above
another; also, an architectural work produced by this method; as, the
putting of the Doric order in the ground story, Ionic above it, and
Corinthian or Composite above this.
Superconception
Su`per*con*cep"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) Superfetation. [R.] Sir T.
Browne.
Superconsequence
Su`per*con"se*quence (?), n. Remote consequence. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Supercrescence
Su`per*cres"cence (?), n. [See Supercrescent.] That which grows upon
another growing thing; a parasite. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Supercrescent
Su`per*cres"cent (?), a. [L. supercrescens, p.pr. of supercrescere;
super above + crescere to grow.] Growing on some other growing thing.
[R.] Johnson.
Supercretaceous
Su`per*cre*ta"ceous (?), a. (Geol.) Same as Supracretaceous. <--
supercritical. Being at a temperature and pressure above the critical
temperature and pressure. In a condition neither liquid nor gaseous.
Supercritical carbon dioxide is used as a solvent in separation
chemistry. -->
Supercurious
Su`per*cu"ri*ous (?), a. Excessively curious or inquisitive. Evelyn.
Superdominant
Su`per*dom"i*nant (?), n. (Mus.) The sixth tone of the scale; that
next above the dominant; -- called also submediant.
Supereminence, Supereminency
Su`per*em"i*nence (?), Su`per*em"i*nen*cy (?), n. [L. supereminentia.]
The quality or state of being supereminent; distinguished eminence;
as, the supereminence of Cicero as an orator, or Lord Chatham as a
statesman. Ayliffe.
He was not forever beset with the consciousness of his own
supereminence. Prof. Wilson.
Supereminent
Su`per*em"i*nent (?), a. [L. supereminens, p.pr. of supereminere. See
Super-, and Eminent.] Eminent in a superior degree; surpassing others
in excellence; as, a supereminent divine; the supereminent glory of
Christ. -- Su`per*em"i*nent*ly, adv.
Supererogant
Su`per*er"o*gant (?), a. [L. supererogans, p.pr. See Supererogate.]
Supererogatory. [Obs.]
Supererogate
Su`per*er"o*gate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Supererogated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Supererogating.] [L. supererogatus, p.p. of supererogare to
spend or pay out over and above; super over, above + erogare to expend
or pay out money from the public treasury after asking the consent of
the people. See Super-, and Erogate, Rogation.] To do more than duty
requires; to perform works of supererogation; to atone (for a
dificiency in another) by means of a surplus action or quality.
The fervency of one man in prayer can not supererogate for the
coldness of another. Milton.
Supererogation
Su`per*er`o*ga"tion (?), n. [L. supererogatio a payment in addition.]
The act of supererogating; performance of more than duty or necessity
requires. Works of supererogation (R. C. Ch.), those good deeds
believed to have been performed by saints, or capable of being
performed by men, over and above what is required for their own
salvation.
Supererogative
Su`per*e*rog"a*tive (?), a. Supererogatory.
Supererogatory
Su`per*e*rog"a*to*ry (?), a. Performed to an extent not enjoined, or
not required, by duty or necessity; as, supererogatory services.
Howell.
Superessential
Su`per*es*sen"tial (?), a. Essential above others, or above the
constitution of a thing. J. Ellis.
Superethical
Su`per*eth"ic*al (?), a. More than ethical; above ethics. Bolingbroke.
Superexalt
Su`per*ex*alt" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superexalted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Superexalting.] To exalt to a superior degree; to exalt above others.
Barrow.
Superexaltation
Su`per*ex`al*ta"tion (?), n. Elevation above the common degree.
Holyday.
Superexcellence
Su`per*ex"cel*lence (?), n. Superior excellence; extraordinary
excellence.
Superexcellent
Su`per*ex"cel*lent (?), a. [Pref. super- + excellent: cf. L.
superexcellens.] Excellent in an uncommon degree; very excellent.
Drayton.
Superexcination
Su`per*ex`ci*na"tion (?), n. Excessive, or more than normal,
excitation.
Superexcrescence
Su`per*ex*cres"cence (?), n. Something growing superfluously.
Superfamily
Su"per*fam`i*ly (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A group intermediate between a
family and a suborder.
Superfecundation
Su`per*fec`un*da"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) Fertilization of two ova, at
the same menstruation, by two different acts of coition.
Superfecundity
Su`per*fe*cun"di*ty (?), n. Superabundant fecundity or multiplication
of the species.
Superfetate
Su`per*fe"tate (?), v. i. [L. superfetare; super above, over + fetare
to bring forth.] To conceive after a prior conception, but before the
birth of the offspring.
The female . . . is said to superfetate. Grew.
Superfetation
Su`per*fe*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. superf\'82tation.] (Physiol.) The
formation of a fetus at the result of an impregnation occurring after
another impregnation but before the birth of the offspring produced by
it. This is possible only when there is a double uterus, or where
menstruation persists up to the time of the second impregnation.
In then became a superfetation upon, and not an ingredient in, the
national character. Coleridge.
Superfete
Su`per*fete" (?), v. i. To superfetate. [Obs.]
Superfete
Su`per*fete", v. t. To conceive (another fetus) after a former
conception. [Obs.] Howell.
Superfice
Su"per*fice (?), n. A superficies. [Obs.] Dryden.
Superficial
Su`per*fi"cial (?), a. [L. superficialis: cf. F. superficiel. See
Superficies.]
1. Of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface; lying on the
surface; shallow; not deep; as, a superficial color; a superficial
covering; superficial measure or contents; superficial tillage.
2. Reaching or comprehending only what is obvious or apparent; not
deep or profound; shallow; -- said especially in respect to study,
learning, and the like; as, a superficial scholar; superficial
knowledge.
This superficial tale Is but a preface of her worthy praise. Shak.
He is a presumptuous and superficial writer. Burke.
That superficial judgment, which happens to be right without
deserving to be so. J. H. Newman.
-- Su`per*fi"cial*ly, adv. -- Su`per*fi"cial*ness, n.
Superficialist
Su`per*fi"cial*ist, n. One who attends to anything superficially; a
superficial or shallow person; a sciolist; a smatterer.
Superficiality
Su`per*fi`ci*al"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. superficialit\'82.] The quality
or state of being superficial; also, that which is superficial. Sir T.
Browne.
Superficialize
Su`per*fi"cial*ize (?), v. t. To attend to, or to treat,
superficially, or in a shallow or slighting way. [R.]
It is a characteristic weakness of the day to superficialize evil.
E. P. Whipple.
Superficiary
Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry (?), n. (Rom. Law) One to whom a right of surface
occupation is granted; one who pays quitrent for a house built upon
another man's ground.
Superficiary
Su`per*fi"ci*a*ry, a.
1. Of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface; superficial.
2. (Rom. Law) Situated or built on another man's land, as a house.
Superficies
Su`per*fi"cies (?), n. [L., fr. super above, over + facies make,
figure, shape. See Surface.]
1. The surface; the exterior part, superficial area, or face of a
thing.
2. (Civil Law) (a) Everything on the surface of a piece of ground, or
of a building, so closely connected by art or nature as to constitute
a part of it, as houses, or other superstructures, fences, trees,
vines, etc. (b) A real right consisting of a grant by a landed
proprietor of a piece of ground, bearing a strong resemblance to the
long building leases granted by landholders in England, in
consideration of a rent, and under reservation of the ownership of the
soil. Bouvier. Wharton.
Superfine
Su"per*fine (?), a.
1. Very fine, or most fine; being of surpassing fineness; of extra
nice or fine quality; as, superfine cloth.
2. Excessively fine; too nice; over particular; as, superfine
distinctions; superfine tastes.
Superfineness
Su"per*fine`ness, n. The state of being superfine.
Superfinical
Su`per*fin"i*cal (?), a. Extremely finical.
Superfluence
Su*per"flu*ence (?), n. [L. superfluens, p.pr. of superfluere to flow
or run over. See Superfluous.] Superfluity. [Obs.] Hammond.
Superfluitant
Su`per*flu"i*tant (?), a. [L. super above + fluitans, p.pr. of
fluitare intensive fr. fluere to flow.] Floating above or on the
surface. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. -- Su`per*flu"i*tance (#), n. [Obs.]
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1447
Superfluity
Su`per*flu"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Superfluities (#). [L. superfluit\'82, L.
superfluitas. See Superfluous.]
1. A greater quantity than is wanted; superabundance; as, a
superfluity of water; a superfluity of wealth.
A quiet mediocrity is still to be preferred before a troubled
superfluity. Suckling.
2. The state or quality of being superfluous; excess. "By a
superfluity abominable." Chaucer.
3. Something beyond what is needed; something which serves for show or
luxury. Syn. -- Superabundance; excess; redundancy.
Superfluous
Su*per"flu*ous (?), a. [L. superfluus overflowing; super over, above +
fluere to flow. See Super-, and Fluent.] More than is wanted or is
sufficient; rendered unnecessary by superabundance; unnecessary;
useless; excessive; as, a superfluous price. Shak.
An authority which makes all further argument or illustration
superfluous. E. Everett.
Superfluous interval (Mus.), an interval that exceeds a major or
perfect interval by a semitone. Syn. -- Unnecessary; useless;
exuberant; excessive; redundant; needless. -- Su*per"flu*ous*ly, adv.
-- Su*per"flu*ous*ness, n.
Superflux
Su"per*flux (?), n. Superabundance; superfluity; an overflowing. [R.]
Shak.
Superf\'d2tation
Su`per*f\'d2*ta"tion (?), n. Superfetation.
Superfoliation
Su`per*fo`li*a"tion (?), n. Excess of foliation. Sir T. Browne.
Superfrontal
Su`per*fron"tal (?), n. (Eccl.) A cloth which is placed over the top
of an altar, and often hangs down a few inches over the frontal.
Superfuse
Su`per*fuse" (?), a. To pour (something) over or on something else.
[Obs.] Evelyn.
Superheat
Su`per*heat" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superheated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Superheating.]
1. To heat too much, to overheat; as, to superheat an oven.
2. (Steam Engine) To heat, as steam, apart from contact with water,
until it resembles a perfect gas.
Superheat
Su"per*heat`, n. The increase of temperature communicated to steam by
superheating it. <-- superheated. heated to a temperature above the
boiling point at the ambient pressure; -- said of liquids. In such an
unstable condition, a small disturbance of the liquid can cause a
rapid and sometimes violent ebullition of vapor. -->
Superheater
Su"per*heat`er (?), n. (Steam Engine) An apparatus for superheating
steam.
Superhive
Su"per*hive` (?), n. A removable upper part of a hive. The word is
sometimes contracted to super.
Superhuman
Su`per*hu"man (?), a. Above or beyond what is human; sometimes,
divine; as, superhuman strength; superhuman wisdom.
Superimpose
Su`per*im*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superimposed (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Superimposing.] To lay or impose on something else; as, a
stratum of earth superimposed on another stratum. --
Su`per*im`po*si"tion (#), n.
Superinpregnation
Su`per*in`preg*na"tion (?), n. The act of impregnating, or the state
of being impregnated, in addition to a prior impregnation;
superfetation.
Superincumbence, Superincumbency
Su`per*in*cum"bence (?), Su`per*in*cum"ben*cy (?), n. The quality or
state of being superincumbent.
Superincumbent
Su`per*in*cum"bent (?), a. [L. superincumbens, p.pr. of
superincumbere. See Super-, and Incumbent.] Lying or resting on
something else.
Superinduce
Su`per*in*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superinduced (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Superinducing (?).] [Pref. super- + induce: cf. L.
superinducere to draw over.] To bring in, or upon, as an addition to
something.
Long custom of sinning superinduces upon the soul new and absurd
desires. South.
Superinducement
Su`per*in*duce"ment (?), n. Superinduction.
Superinduction
Su`per*in*duc"tion (?), n. The act of superinducing, or the state of
being superinduced. South.
Superinfuse
Su`per*in*fuse" (?), v. t. [Pref. super- + infuse: cf. L.
superinfundere, superinfusum, to pour over.] To infuse over. [R.]
Superinjection
Su`per*in*jec"tion (?), n. An injection succeeding another.
Superinspect
Su`per*in*spect" (?), v. t. [Pref. super- + inspect: cf. L.
superinspicere, superinspectum.] To over see; to superintend by
inspection. [R.] Maydman.
Superinstitution
Su`per*in`sti*tu"tion (?), n. One institution upon another, as when A
is instituted and admitted to a benefice upon a title, and B
instituted and admitted upon the presentation of another. Bailey.
Superintellectual
Su`per*in`tel*lec"tu*al (?), a. Being above intellect.
Superintend
Su`per*in*tend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superintended; p. pr. & vb.
n. Superintending.] [L. superintendere. See Super-, and Intend.] To
have or exercise the charge and oversight of; to oversee with the
power of direction; to take care of with authority; to supervise; as,
an officer superintends the building of a ship or the construction of
a fort.
The king may appoint a council, who may superintend the works of
this nature. Bacon.
Syn. -- Superintend, Supervise. These words in general use are the
synonymous. As sometimes used, supervise implies the more general, and
superintend, the more particular and constant, inspection or
direction. Among architects there is a disposition to use the word
supervise in the sense of a general oversight of the main points of
construction with reference to the design, etc., and to employ the
word superintend to signify a constant, careful attention to all the
details of construction. But this technical distinction is not firmly
established.
Superintendence
Su`per*in*tend"ence (?), n. [Cf. F. superintendance.] The act of
superintending; care and oversight for the purpose of direction;
supervision. Barrow. Syn. -- Inspection; oversight; care; direction;
control; guidance.
Superintendency
Su`per*in*tend"en*cy (?), n.; pl. -cies (. The act of superintending;
superintendence. Boyle.
Superintendent
Su`per*in*tend"ent (?), a. [L. superintendens, p.pr. See Superintend.]
Overseeing; superintending.
Superintendent
Su`per*in*tend"ent (?), n. [Cf. OF. superintendant, F. surintendant.
Cf. Surintendant.] One who has the oversight and charge of some place,
institution, or organization, affairs, etc., with the power of
direction; as, the superintendent of an almshouse; the superintendent
of public works. Syn. -- Inspector; overseer; manager; director;
curator; supervisor.
Superintender
Su`per*in*tend"er (?), n. A superintendent. [R.]
Superinvestiture
Su`per*in*vest"i*ture (?), n. An outer vestment or garment. [R.] Bp.
Horne.
Superior
Su*pe"ri*or (?), a. [L., compar. of superus being above, fr. super
above, over: cf. F. sup\'82rieur. See Super-, and cf. Supreme.]
1. More elevated in place or position; higher; upper; as, the superior
limb of the sun; the superior part of an image.
2. Higher in rank or office; more exalted in dignity; as, a superior
officer; a superior degree of nobility.
3. Higher or greater in excellence; surpassing others in the
greatness, or value of any quality; greater in quality or degree; as,
a man of superior merit; or of superior bravery.
4. Beyond the power or influence of; too great or firm to be subdued
or affected by; -- with to.
There is not in earth a spectacle more worthy than a great man
superior to his sufferings. Spectator.
5. More comprehensive; as a term in classification; as, a genus is
superior to a species.
6. (Bot.) (a) Above the ovary; -- said of parts of the flower which,
although normally below the ovary, adhere to it, and so appear to
originate from its upper part; also of an ovary when the other floral
organs are plainly below it in position, and free from it. (b)
Belonging to the part of an axillary flower which is toward the main
stem; posterior. (c) Pointing toward the apex of the fruit; ascending;
-- said of the radicle.
Superior conjunction, Superior planets, etc. See Conjunction, Planet,
etc. -- Superior figure, Superior letter (Print.), a figure or letter
printed above the line, as a reference to a note or an index of a
power, etc; as, in x2 + yn, 2 is a superior figure, n a superior
letter. Cf. Inferior figure, under Inferior.<-- = superscripted
number, letter -->
Superior
Su*pe"ri*or, n.
1. One who is above, or surpasses, another in rank, station, office,
age, ability, or merit; one who surpasses in what is desirable; as
Addison has no superior as a writer of pure English.
2. (Eccl.) The head of a monastery, convent, abbey, or the like.
Superioress
Su*pe"ri*or*ess, n. (Eccl.) A woman who acts as chief in a convent,
abbey, or nunnery; a lady superior.
Superiority
Su*pe`ri*or"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. sup\'82riorit\'82, LL. superioritas.]
The quality, state, or condition of being superior; as, superiority of
rank; superiority in merit. Syn. -- Pre\'89minence; excellence;
predominancy; prevalence; ascendency; odds; advantage.
Superiorly
Su*pe"ri*or*ly (?), adv. In a superior position or manner.
Superjacent
Su`per*ja"cent (?), a. [L. superjacens, p.pr. of superjacere; super
above + jacere to lie.] Situated immediately above; as, superjacent
rocks.
Superlation
Su`per*la"tion (?), n. [L. superlatio. See Superlative.] Exaltation of
anything beyond truth or propriety. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Superlative
Su`per*la"tive (?), a. [L. superlativus, fr. superlatus excessive,
used as p.p. of superiorferre, but from a different root: cf. F.
superlatif. See Elate, Tolerate.]
1. Lifted up to the highest degree; most eminent; surpassing all
other; supreme; as, superlative wisdom or prudence; a woman of
superlative beauty; the superlative glory of the divine character.
2. (Gram.) Expressing the highest or lowest degree of the quality,
manner, etc., denoted by an adjective or an adverb. The superlative
degree is formed from the positive by the use of -est, most, or least;
as, highest, most pleasant, least bright. -- Su`per*la"tive*ly, adv.
-- Su`per*la"tive*ness, n.
Superlative
Su`per*la"tive, n.
1. That which is highest or most eminent; the utmost degree.
2. (Gram.) (a) The superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs; also,
a form or word by which the superlative degree is expressed; as,
strongest, wisest, most stormy, least windy, are all superlatives. <--
#sic. there is no definition (b)! -->
Absolute superlative, a superlative in an absolute rather than in a
comparative or exclusive sense. See Elative.
Superlucration
Su`per*lu*cra"tion (?), n. [Pref. super- + L. lucratio gain.]
Excessive or extraordinary gain. [Obs.] Davenant.
Superlunar, Superlunary
Su`per*lu"nar (?), Su`per*lu"na*ry (?), a. Being above the moon; not
belonging to this world; -- opposed to sublunary.
The head that turns at superlunar things. Pope.
Supermaterial
Su`per*ma*te"ri*al (?), a. Being above, or superior to, matter.
Supermaxilla
Su`per*max*il"la (?), n. [NL. See Super-, and Maxilla.] (Anat.) The
supermaxilla.
Supermaxillary
Su`per*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Supermaxillary.
Supermedial
Su`per*me"di*al (?), a. Above the middle.
Supermundane
Su`per*mun"dane (?), a. Being above the world; -- opposed to
inframundane. Cudworth.
Supermundial
Su`per*mun"di*al (?), a. Supermundane. [Obs.]
Supernacular
Su`per*nac"u*lar (?), a. Like supernaculum; first-rate; as, a
supernacular wine. [R.] Thackeray.
Supernaculum
Su`per*nac"u*lum (?), adv. & n. [NL., from L. super over + G. nagel, a
nail, as of the finger, or a corruption of L. super and ungulam claw.]
1. A kind of mock Latin term intended to mean, upon the nail; -- used
formerly by topers. Nares.
Drinking super nagulum [supernaculum], a device of drinking, new
come out of France, which is, after a man hath turned up the bottom
of the cup, to drop it on his nail and make a pearl with that is
left; which if it slide, and he can not make it stand on by reason
there is too much, he must drink again for his penance. Nash.
2. Good liquor, of which not enough is left to wet one's nail. Grose.
Supernal
Su*per"nal (?), a. [L. supernus, from super above: cf. F. supernel.
See Super-.]
1. Being in a higher place or region; locally higher; as, the supernal
orbs; supernal regions. "That supernal judge." Shak.
2. Relating or belonging to things above; celestial; heavenly; as,
supernal grace.
Not by the sufferance of supernal power. Milton.
Supernatant
Su`per*na"tant (?), a. [L. supernatanus, p.pr. of supernatare to swim
above; super above + natare to swim.] Swimming above; floating on the
surface; as, oil supernatant on water. <--
Supernatant
Su`per*na"tant (?), n. (Chem.) The liquid remaining after solids
suspended in a liquid have been sedimented by gravity or by
centrifugation. Contrasted with the solid sediment, or (in
centrifugation) the pellet. -->
Supernatation
Su`per*na*ta"tion (?), n. The act of floating on the surface of a
fluid. Sir T. Browne.
Supernatural
Su`per*nat"u*ral (?), a. [Pref. super- + natural: cf. OF.
supernaturel, F. surnaturel.] Being beyond, or exceeding, the power or
laws of nature; miraculous. Syn. -- Preternatural. -- Supernatural,
Preternatural. Preternatural signifies beside nature, and
supernatural, above or beyond nature. What is very greatly aside from
the ordinary course of things is preternatural; what is above or
beyond the established laws of the universe is supernatural. The dark
day which terrified all Europe nearly a century ago was preternatural;
the resurrection of the dead is supernatural. "That form which the
earth is under at present is preternatural, like a statue made and
broken again." T. Burnet. "Cures wrought by medicines are natural
operations; but the miraculous ones wrought by Christ and his apostles
were supernatural." Boyle.
That is supernatural, whether it be, that is either not in the
chain of natural cause and effect, or which acts on the chain of
cause and effect in nature, from without the chain. Bushnell.
We must not view creation as supernatural, but we do look upon it
as miraculous. McCosh.
The supernatural, whatever is above and beyond the scope, or the
established course, of the laws of nature. "Nature and the
supernatural." H. Bushnell.
Supernaturalism
Su`per*nat"u*ral*ism (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being supernatural; supernaturalness.
2. (Theol.) The doctrine of a divine and supernatural agency in the
production of the miracles and revelations recorded in the Bible, and
in the grace which renews and sanctifies men, -- in opposition to the
doctrine which denies the agency of any other than physical or natural
causes in the case. [Written also supranaturalism.]
Supernaturalist
Su`per*nat"u*ral*ist, n. One who holds to the principles of
supernaturalism.
Supernaturalistic
Su`per*nat`u*ral*is"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to supernaturalism.
Supernaturality
Su`per*nat`u*ral"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being
supernatural.
Supernaturalize
Su`per*nat"u*ral*ize (?), v. t. To treat or regard as supernatural.
Supernaturally
Su`per*nat"u*ral*ly, adv. In a supernatural manner.
Supernaturalness
Su`per*nat"u*ral*ness, n. The quality or state of being supernatural.
Supernumerary
Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry (?), a. [L. supernumerarius: cf. OF.
supernum\'82raire, F. surnum\'82raire. See Super-, and Numerary,
Number.]
1. Exceeding the number stated or prescribed; as, a supernumerary
officer in a regiment.
2. Exceeding a necessary, usual, or required number or quality;
superfluous; as, supernumerary addresses; supernumerary expense.
Addison.
Supernumerary
Su`per*nu"mer*a*ry, n.; pl. Supernumeraries (.
1. A person or thing beyond the number stated.
2. A person or thing beyond what is necessary or usual; especially, a
person employed not for regular service, but only to fill the place of
another in case of need; specifically, in theaters, a person who is
not a regular actor, but is employed to appear in a stage spectacle.
Superoccipital
Su`per*oc*cip"i*tal (?), a. Supraoccipital.
Superorder
Su`per*or"der (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A group intermediate in importance
between an order and a subclass.
Superordination
Su`per*or`di*na"tion (?), n. [Pref. super- + ordination: cf. L.
superordinatio.] The ordination of a person to fill a station already
occupied; especially, the ordination by an ecclesiastical official,
during his lifetime, of his successor. Fuller.
Superoxide
Su`per*ox"ide (?), n. (Chem.) See Peroxide. [Obs.]
Superparticular
Su`per*par*tic"u*lar (?), a. [L. superparticularis. See Super-, and
Particular.] (Math.) Of or pertaining to a ratio when the excess of
the greater term over the less is a unit, as the ratio of 1 to 2, or
of 3 to 4. [Obs.] Hutton.
Superpartient
Su`per*par"tient (?), a. [L. superpartiens; super over + partiens,
p.pr. of partire to divide.] (Math.) Of or pertaining to a ratio when
the excess of the greater term over the less is more than a unit, as
that of 3 to 5, or 7 to 10. [Obs.] Hutton.
Superphosphate
Su`per*phos"phate (?), n. (Chem.) An acid phosphate. Superphosphate of
lime (Com. Chem.), a fertilizer obtained by trating bone dust, bone
black, or phosphorite with sulphuric acid, whereby the insoluble
neutral calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2, is changed to the primary or
acid calcium phosphate Ca(H2PO4)2, which is soluble and therefore
available for the soil.
Superphysical
Su`per*phys"ic*al (?), a. Above or beyond physics; not explainable by
physical laws.
Something superphysical and superchemical. J. Le Conte.
Superplant
Su"per*plant` (?), n. A plant growing on another, as the mistletoe; an
epiphyte. [Obs.] Bacon.
Superplease
Su`per*please" (?), v. t. To please exceedingly. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Superplus
Su"per*plus (?), n. [Pref. super- + L. plus more. See Surplus.]
Surplus. [Obs.] Goldsmith.
Superplusage
Su"per*plus`age (?), n. Surplusage. [Obs.] "There yet remained a
superplusage." Bp. Fell.
Superpolitic
Su`per*pol"i*tic (?), a. More than politic; above or exceeding policy.
Milton.
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Superponderate
Su`per*pon"der*ate (?), v. t. To wiegh over and above. [Obs.]
Superposable
Su`per*pos"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being superposed, as one figure
upon another.
Superpose
Su`per*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Superposing.] [F. superposer. See Super-, and Pose.]
1. To lay upon, as one kind of rock on another.
2. (Geom.) To lay (a figure) upon another in such a manner that all
the parts of the one coincide with the parts of the other; as, to
superpose one plane figure on another.
Superposition
Su`per*po*si"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. superposition. See Super-, and
Position.] The act of superposing, or the state of being superposed;
as, the superposition of rocks; the superposition of one plane figure
on another, in geometry.
Superpraise
Su`per*praise" (?), v. t. To praise to excess.
To vow, and swear, and superpraise my parts. Shak.
Superproportion
Su`per*pro*por"tion (?), n. Overplus or excess of proportion. Sir K.
Digby.
Superpurgation
Su`per*pur*ga"tion (?), n. Excessive purgation. Wiseman.
Superreflection
Su`per*re*flec"tion (?), n. The reflection of a reflected image or
sound. [R.] Bacon.
Superregal
Su`per*re"gal (?), a. More than regal; worthy of one greater than a
king. Waterland.
Superreward
Su`per*re*ward" (?), v. t. To reward to an excessive degree. Bacon.
Superroyal
Su`per*roy"al (?), a. Larger than royal; -- said of a particular size
of printing and writing paper. See the Note under Paper, n.
Supersacral
Su`per*sa"cral (?), a. (Anat.) Situated over, or on the dorsal side
of, the sacrum.
Supersaliency
Su`per*sa"li*en*cy (?), n. The act of leaping on anything. [Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.
Supersalient
Su`per*sa"li*ent (?), a. [Pref. super- + L. saliens p.pr. of salire to
leap.] Leaping upon. [Obs.]
Supersalt
Su`per*salt" (?), n. (Chem.) An acid salt. See Acid salt (a), under
Salt, n.
Supersaturate
Su`per*sat"u*rate (?), v. t. To add to beyond saturation; as, to
supersaturate a solution.
Supersaturation
Su`per*sat`u*ra"tion (?), n. The operation of supersaturating, or the
state of being supersaturated.
Superscribe
Su`per*scribe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superscribed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Superscribing.] [L. superscribere, superscriptum; super over +
scribere to write. See Super-, and Scribe.] To write or engrave (a
name, address, inscription, or the like) on the top or surface; to
write a name, address, or the like, on the outside or cover of
(anything); as, to superscribe a letter.
Superscript
Su"per*script (?), n. Superscription. [Obs.] "I will overglance the
superscript." Shak.
Superscription
Su`per*scrip"tion (?), n. [L. superscriptio. See Superscribe.]
1. The act of superscribing.
2. That which is written or engraved on the surface, outside, or above
something else; specifically, an address on a letter, envelope, or the
like. Holland.
The superscription of his accusation was written over, The King of
the Jews. Mark xv. 26.
3. (Pharm.) That part of a prescription which contains the Latin word
recipe (Take) or the sign
Supersecular
Su`per*sec"u*lar (?), a. Being above the world, or secular things. Bp.
Hall.
Supersede
Su`per*sede" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Superseded (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Superseding.] [L. supersedere, supersessum, to sit above, be superior
to, forbear, omit; super above + sedere to sit: cf. F. supers\'82der.
See Sit, and cf. Surcease.]
1. To come, or be placed, in the room of; to replace.
2. To displace, or set aside, and put another in place of; as, to
supersede an officer.
3. To make void, inefficacious, or useless, by superior power, or by
coming in the place of; to set aside; to render unnecessary; to
suspend; to stay.
Nothing is supposed that can supersede the known laws of natural
motion. Bentley.
4. (Old Law) To omit; to forbear.
Supersedeas
Su`per*se"de*as (?), n. [L., suspend, set aside, stay, 2d pers. sing.
present subjunctive of supersedere. See Supersede.] (Law) A writ of
command to suspend the powers of an officer in certain cases, or to
stay proceedings under another writ. Blackstone.
Supersedure
Su*per*se"dure (?), n. The act of superseding, or setting aside;
supersession; as, the supersedure of trial by jury. A. Hamilton.
Superseminate
Su`per*sem"i*nate (?), v. t. To sow, as seed, over something
previously sown. [Obs.]
That can not be done with joy, when it shall be indifferent to any
man to superseminate what he please. Jer. Taylor.
Supersemination
Su`per*sem`i*na"tion (?), n. The sowing of seed over seed previously
sown. [Obs.] Abp. Bramhall.
Supersensible
Su`per*sen"si*ble (?), a. [Pref. super- + sensible: cf. F.
supersensible.] Beyond the reach of the senses; above the natural
powers of perception.
Supersensitive
Su`per*sen"si*tive (?), a. Excessively sensitive; morbidly sensitive.
-- Su`per*sen"si*tive*ness, n.
Supersensual
Su`per*sen"su*al (?), a. Supersensible.
Supersensuous
Su`per*sen"su*ous (?), a.
1. Supersensible.
2. Excessively sensuous.
Superserviceable
Su`per*serv"ice*a*ble (?), a. Overofficious; doing more than is
required or desired. "A superserviceable, finical rogue." Shak.
Supersession
Su`per*ses"sion (?), n. [Cf. OF. supersession. See Supersede.] The act
of superseding, or the state of being superseded; supersedure.
The general law of diminishing return from land would have
undergone, to that extent, a temporary supersession. J. S. Mill.
Supersolar
Su`per*so"lar (?), a. Above the sun. Emerson.
Supersphenoidal
Su`per*sphe*noid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above, or on the dorsal
side of, the body of the sphenoid bone.
Superspinous
Su`per*spi"nous (?), a. (Anat.) Supraspinuos.
Superstition
Su`per*sti"tion (?), n. [F. superstition, L. superstitio, originally,
a standing still over or by a thing; hence, amazement, wonder, dread,
especially of the divine or supernatural, fr. superstare to stand
over; super over + stare to stand. See Super-, and Stand.]
1. An excessive reverence for, or fear of, that which is unknown or
mysterious.
2. An ignorant or irrational worship of the Supreme Deity; excessive
exactness or rigor in religious opinions or practice; extreme and
unnecessary scruples in the observance of religious rites not
commanded, or of points of minor importance; also, a rite or practice
proceeding from excess of sculptures in religion.
And the truth With superstitions and traditions taint. Milton.
3. The worship of a false god or gods; false religion; religious
veneration for objects.
[The accusers] had certain questions against him of their own
superstition. Acts xxv. 19.
4. Belief in the direct agency of superior powers in certain
extraordinary or singular events, or in magic, omens, prognostics, or
the like.
5. Excessive nicety; scrupulous exactness. Syn. -- Fanaticism. --
Superstition, Fanaticism. Superstition springs from religious feeling
misdirected or unenlightened. Fanaticism arises from this same feeling
in a state of high-wrought and self-confident excitement. The former
leads in some cases to excessive rigor in religious opinions or
practice; in others, to unfounded belief in extraordinary events or in
charms, omens, and prognostics, hence producing weak fears, or
excessive scrupulosity as to outward observances. The latter gives
rise to an utter disregard of reason under the false assumption of
enjoying a guidance directly inspired. Fanaticism has a secondary
sense as applied to politics, etc., which corresponds to the primary.
Superstitionist
Su`per*sti"tion*ist, n. One addicted to superstition. [Obs.] "Blind
superstitionists." Dr. H. More.
Superstitious
Su`per*sti"tious (?), a. [F. superstitieux, L. superstitiosus.]
1. Of or pertaining to superstition; proceeding from, or manifesting,
superstition; as, superstitious rites; superstitious observances.
2. Evincing superstition; overscrupulous and rigid in religious
observances; addicted to superstition; full of idle fancies and
scruples in regard to religion.
Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too
superstitious. Acts xvii. 22.
3. Overexact; scrupulous beyond need.
Superstitious use (Law), the use of a gift or bequest, as of land,
etc., for the maintenance of the rites of a religion not tolerated by
the law. [Eng.] Mozley & W. -- Su`per*sti"tious*ly, adv. --
Su`per*sti"tious*ness, n.
Superstrain
Su`per*strain" (?), v. t. To overstrain. Bacon.
Superstatum
Su`per*sta"tum (?), n.; pl. Superstrata (. [NL.: cf. L. supersternere,
superstratum, to spread upon. See Super-, and Stratum.] A stratum, or
layer, above another.
Superstruct
Su`per*struct" (?), v. t. [L. superstructus, p.p. of superstruere to
build upon; super over + struere to build. See Super-, and Structure.]
To build over or upon another structure; to erect upon a foundation.
This is the only proper basis on which to superstruct first
innocency and then virtue. Dr. H. More.
Superstruction
Su`per*struc"tion (?), n.
1. The act of superstructing, or building upon.
2. That which id superstructed, or built upon some foundation; an
edifice; a superstructure.
My own profession hath taught me not to erect new superstructions
upon an old ruin. Denham.
Superstructive
Su`per*struct"ive (?), a. Built or erected on something else. Hammond.
Superstructor
Su`per*struct"or (?), n. One who builds a superstructure. [R.] R.
North.
Superstructure
Su`per*struc"ture (?), n. [Cf. F. superstructure.]
1. Any material structure or edifice built on something else; that
which is raised on a foundation or basis; esp. (Arch.), all that part
of a building above the basement. Also used figuratively.
You have added to your natural endowments the superstructure of
study. Dryden.
2. (Railway Engin.) The sleepers, and fastenings, in distinction from
the roadbed.
Supersubstantial
Su`per*sub*stan"tial (?), a. [Pref. super- + substantial: cf. F.
supersubstantiel.] More than substantial; spiritual. "The heavenly
supersubstantial bread." Jer. Taylor.
Supersubtle
Su`per*sub"tle (?), a. To subtle. Shak.
Supersulphate
Su`per*sul"phate (?), n. (Chem.) An acid sulphate. [Obs.]
Supersulphureted
Su`per*sul"phu*ret`ed (?), a. (Chem.) Supersulphurized. [Obs.]
[Written also -sulphuretted.]
Supersulphurize
Su`per*sul"phur*ize (?), v. t. (Chem.) To impregnate or combine with
an excess of sulphur.
Supertemporal
Su`per*tem"po*ral (?), n. That which is more than temporal; that which
is eternal. [R.]
Superterranean
Su`per*ter*ra"ne*an (?), a. Being above ground. "Superterranean
quarries." Mrs. Trollope.
Superterrene
Su`per*ter*rene" (?), a. [Pref. super- + terrene: cf. L.
superterrenus.] Being above ground, or above the earth. [R.]
Superterrestrial
Su`per*ter*res"tri*al (?), a. Being above the earth, or above what
belongs to the earth. Buckminster.
Supertonic
Su`per*ton"ic (?), n. (Mus.) The note next above the keynote; the
second of the scale. Busby.
Supertragical
Su`per*trag"ic*al (?), a. Tragical to excess.
Supertuberation
Su`per*tu`ber*a"tion (?), n. [Pref. super- + tuber.] (Bot.) The
production of young tubers, as potatoes, from the old while still
growing.
Supervacaneous
Su`per*va*ca"ne*ous (?), a. [L. supervacaneus, supervacuus; super over
+ vacuus empty.] Serving no purpose; superfluous; needless. [Obs.]
Howell.
Supervene
Su`per*vene" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Supervened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Supervening.] [L. supervenire, superventum, to come over, to come
upon; super over + venire to come. See Super-, and Come, and cf.
Overcome.] To come as something additional or extraneous; to occur
with reference or relation to something else; to happen upon or after
something else; to be added; to take place; to happen.
Such a mutual gravitation can never supervene to matter unless
impressed by divine power. Bentley.
A tyrany immediately supervened. Burke.
Supervenient
Su`per*ven"ient (?), a. [L. superveniens, p.pr.] Coming as something
additional or extraneous; coming afterwards.
That branch of belief was in him supervenient to Christian
practice. Hammond.
Divorces can be granted, a mensa et toro, only for supervenient
causes. Z. Swift.
Supervention
Su`per*ven"tion (?), n. [L. superventio.] The act of supervening. Bp.
Hall.
Supervisal
Su`per*vis"al (?), n. Supervision. Walpole.
Supervise
Su`per*vise" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supervised (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Supervising.] [Pref. super- + L. visere to look at attentively, to
view, surely, intens. from videre, visum, to see. Cf. Survise, and
Survey.]
1. To oversee for direction; to superintend; to inspect with
authority; as, to supervise the construction of a steam engine, or the
printing of a book.
2. To look over so as to read; to peruse. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- See
Superintend.
Supervise
Su`per*vise", n. Supervision; inspection. [Obs.]
Supervision
Su`per*vi"sion (?), n. The act of overseeing; inspection;
superintendence; oversight.
Supervisive
Su`per*vi"sive (?), a. Supervisory. [R.]
Supervisor
Su`per*vis"or (?), n.
1. One who supervises; an overseer; an inspector; a superintendent;
as, a supervisor of schools.
2. A spectator; a looker-on. [Obs.] Shak.
Supervisory
Su`per*vi"so*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to supervision; as,
supervisory powers.
Supervive
Su`per*vive" (?), v. t. [L. supervivere. See Survive.] To survive; to
outlive. [Obs.]
Supervolute
Su`per*vo*lute" (?), a. [L. supervolutus, p.p. of supervolvere to roll
over; super over + volvere to roll.] (Bot.) Having a plainted and
convolute arrangement in the bud, as in the morning-glory.
Supination
Su`pi*na"tion (?), n. [L. supinare, supinatum, to bend or lay
backward, fr. supinus supine: cf. F. supination. See Supine.]
(Physiol.) (a) The act of turning the hand palm upward; also, position
of the hand with the palm upward. (b) The act or state of lying with
the face upward. Opposed to pronation.
Supinator
Su`pi*na"tor (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) A muscle which produces the motion
of supination.
Supine
Su*pine" (?), a. [L. supinus, akin to sub under, super above. Cf.
Sub-, Super-.]
1. Lying on the back, or with the face upward; -- opposed to prone.
2. Leaning backward, or inclining with exposure to the sun; sloping;
inclined.
If the vine On rising ground be placed, or hills supine. Dryden.
3. Negligent; heedless; indolent; listless.
He became pusillanimous and supine, and openly exposed to any
temptation. Woodward.
Syn. -- Negligent; heedless; indolent; thoughtless; inattentive;
listless; careless; drowsy. -- Su*pine"ly, adv. -- Su*pine"ness, n.
Supine
Su"pine (?), n. [L. supinum (sc. verbum), from supinus bent or thrown
backward, perhaps so called because, although furnished with
substantive case endings, it rests or falls back, as it were, on the
verb: cf. F. supin.] (Lat. Gram.) A verbal noun; or (according to
C.F.Becker), a case of the infinitive mood ending in -um and -u, that
in -um being sometimes called the former supine, and that in -u the
latter supine.
Supinity
Su*pin"i*ty (?), n. [L. supinitas.] Supineness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Suppage
Sup"page (?), n. [From Sup.] What may be supped; pottage. [Obs.]
Hooker.
Suppalpation
Sup`pal*pa"tion (?), n. [L. suppalpari to caress a little; sub under,
a little + palpare to caress.] The act of enticing by soft words;
enticement. [Obs.]
Supparasitation
Sup*par`a*si*ta"tion (?), n. [See Supparasite.] The act of flattering
to gain favor; servile approbation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Supparasite
Sup*par"a*site (?), v. t. [L. supparasitari; sub under, a little +
parasitus a parasite.] To flatter; to cajole; to act the parasite.
[Obs.] Dr. R. Clerke.
Suppawn
Sup*pawn" (?), n. See Supawn.
Suppedaneous
Sup`pe*da"ne*ous (?), a. [Pref. sub- + L. pes, pedis, a foot: cf. L.
suppedaneum a footstool.] Being under the feet. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Suppeditate
Sup*ped"i*tate (?), v. t. [L. suppeditatus, p.p. of suppeditare to
supply.] To supply; to furnish. [Obs.] Hammond.
Suppeditation
Sup*ped`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. suppeditatio.] Supply; aid afforded.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Supper
Sup"per (?), n. [OE. soper, super, OF. super, soper, F. souper;
originally an infinitive, to sup, take a meal. See Soup, and cf. Sup
to take supper.] A meal taken at the close of the day; the evening
meal.
NOTE: &hand; Su pper is mu ch us ed in an ob vious sense, either
adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as, supper time or
supper-time, supper bell, supper hour, etc.
Supper
Sup"per, v. i. To take supper; to sup. [R.]
Supper
Sup"per, v. t. To supply with supper. [R.] "Kester was suppering the
horses." Mrs. Gaskell.
Supperless
Sup"per*less, a. Having no supper; deprived of supper; as, to go
supperless to bed. Beau. & Fl.
Supping
Sup"ping (?), n.
1. The act of one who sups; the act of taking supper.
2. That which is supped; broth. [Obs.] Holland.
Supplace
Sup*place" (?), v. t. To replace. [R.] J. Bascom.
Supplant
Sup*plant" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supplanted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Supplanting.] [F. supplanter, L. supplantare to trip up one's heels,
to throw down; sub under + planta the sole of the foot, also, a
sucker, slip, sprout. Cf. Plant, n.]
1. To trip up. [Obs.] "Supplanted, down he fell." Milton.
2. To remove or displace by stratagem; to displace and take the place
of; to supersede; as, a rival supplants another in the favor of a
mistress or a prince.
Suspecting that the courtier had supplanted the friend. Bp. Fell.
3. To overthrow, undermine, or force away, in order to get a
substitute in place of.
You never will supplant the received ideas of God. Landor.
Syn. -- To remove; displace; overpower; undermine; overthrow;
supersede.
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Supplantation
Sup`plan*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. supplantation, L. supplantatio
hypocritical deceit.] The act of supplanting or displacing.
Habitual supplantation of immediate selfishness. Cloeridge.
Supplanter
Sup*plan"ter (?), n. One who supplants.
Supple
Sup"ple (?), a. [OE. souple, F. souple, from L. supplex suppliant,
perhaps originally, being the knees. Cf. Supplicate.]
1. Pliant; flexible; easily bent; as, supple joints; supple fingers.
2. Yielding compliant; not obstinate; submissive to guidance; as, a
supple horse.
If punishment . . . makes not the will supple, it hardens the
offender. Locke.
3. Bending to the humor of others; flattering; fawning; obsequious.
Addison. Syn. -- Pliant; flexible; yielding; compliant; bending;
flattering; fawning; soft.
Supple
Sup"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suppled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Suppling
(?).]
1. To make soft and pliant; to render flexible; as, to supple leather.
The flesh therewith she suppled and did steep. Spenser.
2. To make compliant, submissive, or obedient.
A mother persisting till she had bent her daughter's mind and
suppled her will. Locke.
They should supple our stiff willfulness. Barrow.
Supple
Sup"ple, v. i. To become soft and pliant.
The stones . . . Suppled into softness as they fell. Dryden.
Supple-chapped
Sup"ple-chapped` (?), a. Having a limber tongue. [R.] "A
supple-chapped flatterer." Marston.
Supple-jack
Sup"ple-jack` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A climbing shrub (Berchemia
volubilus) of the Southern United States, having a tough and pliable
stem. (b) A somewhat similar tropical American plant (Paullinia
Curassavica); also, a walking stick made from its stem.
He was in form and spirit like a supple-jack, . . . yielding, but
tough; though he bent, he never broke. W. Irving.
NOTE: &hand; Th is name is given to various plants of similar habit
in different British colonies.
Supplely
Sup"ple*ly, adv. In a supple manner; softly; pliantly; mildly.
Cotgrave.
Supplement
Sup"ple*ment (?), n. [F. suppl\'82ment, L. supplementum, fr. supplere
to fill up. See Supply, v. t.]
1. That which supplies a deficiency, or meets a want; a store; a
supply. [Obs.] Chapman.
2. That which fills up, completes, or makes an addition to, something
already organized, arranged, or set apart; specifically, a part added
to, or issued as a continuation of, a book or paper, to make good its
deficiencies or correct its errors.
3. (Trig.) The number of degrees which, if added to a specified arc,
make it 180\'f8; the quantity by which an arc or an angle falls short
of 180 degrees, or an arc falls short of a semicircle. Syn. --
Appendix. -- Appendix, Supplement. An appendix is that which is
appended to something, but is not essential to its completeness; a
supplement is that which supplements, or serves to complete or make
perfect, that to which it is added.
Supplement
Sup"ple*ment (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supplemented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Supplementing.] To fill up or supply by addition; to add something to.
Causes of one kind must be supplemented by bringing to bear upon
them a causation of another kind. I. Taylor.
Supplemental, Supplementary
Sup`ple*men"tal (?), Sup`ple*men"ta*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
suppl\'82mentaire.] Added to supply what is wanted; additional; being,
or serving as, a supplement; as, a supplemental law; a supplementary
sheet or volume. Supplemental air (Physiol.), the air which in
addition to the residual air remains in the lungs after ordinary
expiration, but which, unlike the residual air, can be expelled;
reserve air. -- Supplemental bill (Equity), a bill filed in aid of an
original bill to supply some deffect in the latter, or to set forth
new facts which can not be done by amendment. Burrill. Daniel. --
Supplementary chords (Math.), in an ellipse or hyperbola, any two
chords drawn through the extremities of a diameter, and intersecting
on the curve.
Supplementation
Sup`ple*men*ta"tion (?), n. The act of supplementing. C. Kingsley.
Suppleness
Sup"ple*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being supple;
flexibility; pliableness; pliancy.
Suppletive, Suppletory
Sup"ple*tive (?), Sup"ple*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. suppl\'82tif, LL.
suppletivus, from L. supplere, suppletum, to fill up. See Supply.]
Supplying deficiencies; supplementary; as, a suppletory oath.
Suppletory
Sup"ple*to*ry, n.; pl. Suppletories (. That which is to supply what is
wanted.
Invent suppletories to excuse an evil man. Jer. Taylor.
Supplial
Sup*pli"al (?), n. The act of supplying; a supply. "The supplial of a
preposition." Fitzed. Hall.
Suppliance
Sup*pli"ance (?), n. [From Supply.] That which supplies a want;
assistance; a gratification; satisfaction. [R.]
The perfume and suppliance of a minute. Shak.
Suppliance
Sup*pli"ance (?), n. [See Suppliant.] Supplication; entreaty.
When Greece her knee in suppliance bent. Halleck.
Suppliant
Sup"pli*ant (?), a. [F., p.pr. of supplier to entreat, L. supplicare.
See Supplicate, and cf. Supplicant.]
1. Asking earnestly and submissively; entreating; beseeching;
supplicating.
The rich grow suppliant, and the poor grow proud. Dryden.
2. Manifesting entreaty; expressive of supplication.
To bow and sue for grace With suppliant knee. Milton.
Syn. -- Entreating; beseeching; suing; begging; supplicating;
imploring. -- Sup"pli*ant*ly, adv. -- Sup"pli*ant*ness, n.
Suppliant
Sup"pli*ant, n. One who supplicates; a humble petitioner; one who
entreats submissively.
Hear thy suppliant's prayer. Dryden.
Supplicancy
Sup"pli*can*cy (?), n. Supplication. [R.]
Supplicant
Sup"pli*cant (?), a. [L. supplicans, p.pr. See Supplicate, and cf.
Suppliant.] Entreating; asking submissively. Shak. -- Sup"pli*cant*ly,
adv.
Supplicant
Sup"pli*cant, n. One who supplicates; a suppliant.
The wise supplicant . . . left the event to God. Rogers.
Supplicat
Sup"pli*cat (?), n. [L., he supplicates.] (Eng. Universities) A
petition; esp., a written one, with a certificate that the conditions
have been complied with.
Supplicate
Sup"pli*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supplicated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Supplicating.] [L. supplicatus, p.p. of supplicare to supplicate; of
uncertain origin, cf. supplex, supplicis, humbly begging or
entreating; perhaps fr. sub under + a word akin to placare to
reconcile, appease (cf. Placable), or fr. sub under + plicare to fold,
whence the idea of bending the knees (cf. Ply, v. t.). Cf. Supple.]
1. To entreat for; to seek by earnest prayer; to ask for earnestly and
humbly; as, to supplicate blessings on Christian efforts to spread the
gospel.
2. To address in prayer; to entreat as a supplicant; as, to supplicate
the Deity. Syn. -- To beseech; entreat; beg; petition; implore;
importune; solicit; crave. See Beseech.
Supplicate
Sup"pli*cate, v. i. To make petition with earnestness and submission;
to implore.
A man can not brook to supplicate or beg. Bacon.
Supplicatingly
Sup"pli*ca`ting*ly, adv. In a supplicating manner.
Supplication
Sup`pli*ca"tion (?), n. [F. supplication, L. supplicatio.]
1. The act of supplicating; humble and earnest prayer, as in worship.
2. A humble petition; an earnest request; an entreaty.
3. (Rom. Antiq.) A religious solemnity observed in consequence of some
military success, and also, in times of distress and danger, to avert
the anger of the gods. Syn. -- Entreaty; petition; solicitation;
craving.
Supplicator
Sup"pli*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] One who supplicates; a supplicant.
Supplicatory
Sup"pli*ca*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. supplicatoire.] Containing
supplication; humble; earnest.
Supplier
Sup*pli"er (?), n. One who supplies.
Supply
Sup*ply" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supplied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Supplying (?).] [For older supploy, F. suppl\'82er, OF. also
supployer, (assumed) LL. suppletare, from L. supplere, suppletum; sub
under + plere to fill, akin to plenus full. See Plenty.]
1. To fill up, or keep full; to furnish with what is wanted; to
afford, or furnish with, a sufficiency; as, rivers are supplied by
smaller streams; an aqueduct supplies an artificial lake; -- often
followed by with before the thing furnished; as, to supply a furnace
with fuel; to supply soldiers with ammunition.
2. To serve instead of; to take the place of.
Burning ships the banished sun supply. Waller.
The sun was set, and Vesper, to supply His absent beams, had
lighted up the sky. Dryden.
3. To fill temporarily; to serve as substitute for another in, as a
vacant place or office; to occupy; to have possession of; as, to
supply a pulpit.
4. To give; to bring or furnish; to provide; as, to supply money for
the war. Prior. Syn. -- To furnish; provide; administer; minister;
contribute; yield; accommodate.
Supply
Sup*ply", n.; pl. Supplies (.
1. The act of supplying; supplial. A. Tucker.
2. That which supplies a want; sufficiency of things for use or want.
Specifically: -- (a) Auxiliary troops or re\'89nforcements. "My
promised supply of horsemen." Shak. (b) The food, and the like, which
meets the daily necessities of an army or other large body of men;
store; -- used chiefly in the plural; as, the army was discontented
for lack of supplies. (c) An amount of money provided, as by
Parliament or Congress, to meet the annual national expenditures;
generally in the plural; as, to vote supplies. (d) A person who fills
a place for a time; one who supplies the place of another; a
substitute; esp., a clergyman who supplies a vacant pulpit.
Stated supply (Eccl.), a clergyman employed to supply a pulpit for a
definite time, but not settled as a pastor. [U.S.] -- Supply and
demand. (Polit. Econ.) "Demand means the quantity of a given article
which would be taken at a given price. Supply means the quantity of
that article which could be had at that price." F. A. Walker.
Supply
Sup*ply", a. Serving to contain, deliver, or regulate a supply of
anything; as, a supply tank or valve. Supply system (Zo\'94l.), the
system of tubes and canals in sponges by means of which food and water
are absorbed. See Illust. of Spongi\'91.
Supplyant
Sup*ply"ant (?), a. Supplying or aiding; auxiliary; suppletory. [Obs.]
Shak.
Supplyment
Sup*ply"ment (?), n. A supplying or furnishing; supply. [Obs.] Shak.
Support
Sup*port" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supported; p. pr. & vb. n.
Supporting.] [F. supporter, L. supportare to carry on, to convey, in
LL., to support, sustain; sub under + portare to carry. See Port
demeanor.]
1. To bear by being under; to keep from falling; to uphold; to
sustain, in a literal or physical sense; to prop up; to bear the
weight of; as, a pillar supports a structure; an abutment supports an
arch; the trunk of a tree supports the branches.
2. To endure without being overcome, exhausted, or changed in
character; to sustain; as, to support pain, distress, or misfortunes.
This fierce demeanor and his insolence The patience of a god could
not support. Dryden.
3. To keep from failing or sinking; to solace under affictive
circumstances; to assist; to encourage; to defend; as, to support the
courage or spirits.
4. To assume and carry successfully, as the part of an actor; to
represent or act; to sustain; as, to support the character of King
Lear.
5. To furnish with the means of sustenance or livelihood; to maintain;
to provide for; as, to support a family; to support the ministers of
the gospel.
6. To carry on; to enable to continue; to maintain; as, to support a
war or a contest; to support an argument or a debate.
7. To verify; to make good; to substantiate; to establish; to sustain;
as, the testimony is not sufficient to support the charges; the
evidence will not support the statements or allegations.
To urge such arguments, as though they were sufficient to support
and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral philosophy. J. Edwards.
8. To vindicate; to maintain; to defend successfully; as, to be able
to support one's own cause.
9. To uphold by aid or countenance; to aid; to help; to back up; as,
to support a friend or a party; to support the present administration.
Wherefore, bold pleasant, Darest thou support a published traitor?
Shak.
10. A attend as an honorary assistant; as, a chairman supported by a
vice chairman; O'Connell left the prison, supported by his two sons.
Support arms (Mil.), a command in the manual of arms in responce to
which the piece is held vertically at the shoulder, with the hammer
resting on the left forearm, which is passed horizontally across the
body in front; also, the position assumed in response to this command.
Syn. -- To maintain; endure; verify; substantiate; countenance;
patronize; help; back; second; succor; relieve; uphold; encourage;
favor; nurture; nourish; cherish; shield; defend; protect; stay;
assist; forward.
Support
Sup*port" (?), n. [F.]
1. The act, state, or operation of supporting, upholding, or
sustaining.
2. That which upholds, sustains, or keeps from falling, as a prop, a
pillar, or a foundation of any kind.
3. That which maintains or preserves from being overcome, falling,
yielding, sinking, giving way, or the like; subsistence; maintenance;
assistance; re\'89nforcement; as, he gave his family a good support,
the support of national credit; the assaulting column had the support
of a battery.
Points of support (Arch.), the horizontal area of the solids of a
building, walls, piers, and the like, as compared with the open or
vacant spaces. -- Right of support (Law), an easement or servitude by
which the owner of a house has a right to rest his timber on the walls
of his neighbor's house. Kent. Syn. -- Stay; prop; maintenance;
subsistence; assistance; favor; countenance; encouragement; patronage;
aid; help; succor; nutriment; sustenance; food.
Supportable
Sup*port"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. supportable.] Capable of being
supported, maintained, or endured; endurable. -- Sup*port"a*ble*ness,
n. -- Sup*port"a*bly, adv.
Supportance
Sup*port"ance (?), n. Support. [Obs.] Shak.
Supportation
Sup`por*ta"tion (?), n. Maintenance; support. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bacon.
Supporter
Sup*port"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, supports; as, oxygen is a supporter of
life.
The sockets and supporters of flowers are figured. Bacon.
The saints have a . . . supporter in all their miseries. South.
2. Especially, an adherent; one who sustains, advocates, and defends;
as, the supporter of a party, faction, or candidate.
3. (Shipbuilding) A knee placed under the cathead.
4. (Her.) A figure, sometimes of a man, but commonly of some animal,
placed on either side of an escutcheon, and exterior to it. Usually,
both supporters of an escutcheon are similar figures.
5. (Med.) A broad band or truss for supporting the abdomen or some
other part or organ. <-- athletic supporter. A supprter (Def. 5),
specifically to support the male testicles while engaged in vigorous
athletics. Also called a jock or a jockstrap. -->
Supportful
Sup*port"ful (?), a. Abounding with support. [Obs.] Chapman.
Supportless
Sup*port"less, a. Having no support. Milton.
Supportment
Sup*port"ment (?), n. Support. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
Supportress
Sup*port"ress (?), n. A female supporter. [R.]
You are my gracious patroness and supportress. Massinger.
Supposable
Sup*pos"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being supposed, or imagined to exist;
as, that is not a supposable case. -- Sup*pos"a*ble*ness, n. --
Sup*pos"a*bly, adv.
Supposal
Sup*pos"al (?), n. The act of supposing; also, that which is supposed;
supposition; opinion. Shak.
Interest, with a Jew, never proceeds but upon supposal, at least,
of a firm and sufficient bottom. South.
Suppose
Sup*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Supposing.] [F. supposer; pref. sub- under + poser to place; --
corresponding in meaning to L. supponere, suppositum, to put under, to
substitute, falsify, counterfeit. See Pose.]
1. To represent to one's self, or state to another, not as true or
real, but as if so, and with a view to some consequence or application
which the reality would involve or admit of; to imagine or admit to
exist, for the sake of argument or illustration; to assume to be true;
as, let us suppose the earth to be the center of the system, what
would be the result?
Suppose they take offence without a cause. Shak.
When we have as great assurance that a thing is, as we could
possibly, supposing it were, we ought not to make any doubt of its
existence. Tillotson.
2. To imagine; to believe; to receive as true.
How easy is a bush supposed a bear! Shak.
Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men, the
king's sons; for Amnon only is dead. 2 Sam. xiii. 32.
3. To require to exist or to be true; to imply by the laws of thought
or of nature; as, purpose supposes foresight.
One falsehood always supposes another, and renders all you can say
suspected. Female Quixote.
4. To put by fraud in the place of another. [Obs.] Syn. -- To imagine;
believe; conclude; judge; consider; view; regard; conjecture; assume.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1450
Suppose
Sup*pose" (?), v. i. To make supposition; to think; to be of opinion.
Acts ii. 15.
Suppose
Sup*pose", n. Supposition. [Obs.] Shak. "A base suppose that he is
honest." Dryden.
Supposeer
Sup*pose"er (?), n. One who supposes.
Supposition
Sup`po*si"tion (?), n. [F. supposition, L. suppositio a placing under,
a substitution, fr. supponere, suppositium, to put under, to
substitute. The word has the meaning corresponding to suppose. See
Sub-, and Position.]
1. The act of supposing, laying down, imagining, or considering as
true or existing, what is known not to be true, or what is not proved.
2. That which is supposed; hypothesis; conjecture; surmise; opinion or
belief without sufficient evidence.
This is only an infallibility upon supposition that if a thing be
true, it is imposible to be false. Tillotson.
He means are in supposition. Shak.
Suppositional
Sup`po*si"tion*al (?), a. Resting on supposition; hypothetical;
conjectural; supposed. South.
Supposititious
Sup*pos`i*ti"tious (?), a. [L. suppositicus. See Supposition.]
1. Fraudulently substituted for something else; not being what is
purports to be; not genuine; spurious; counterfeit; as, a
supposititious child; a supposititious writing. Bacon.
2. Suppositional; hypothetical. [R.] Woodward. --
Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ly, adv. -- Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ness, n.
Suppositive
Sup*pos"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. suppositif.] Including or implying
supposition, or hypothesis; supposed. -- Sup*pos"i*tive*ly, adv.
Hammond.
Suppositive
Sup*pos"i*tive, n. A word denoting or implying supposition, as the
words if, granting, provided, etc. Harris.
Suppositor
Sup*pos"i*tor (?), n. (Med.) An apparatus for the introduction of
suppositories into the rectum.
Suppository
Sup*pos"i*to*ry (?), n.; pl. Suppositories (#). [LL. suppositorium,
fr. L. suppositorius that is placed underneath: cf. F. suppositoire.
See Supposition.] (Med.) A pill or bolus for introduction into the
rectum; esp., a cylinder or cone of medicated cacao butter.
Supposure
Sup*po"sure (?), n. Supposition; hypothesis; conjecture. [Obs.]
Hudibras.
Suppress
Sup*press" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suppressed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suppressing.] [L. suppressus, p.p. of supprimere to suppress; sub
under + premere, pressum, to press. See Sub-, and Press.]
1. To overpower and crush; to subdue; to put down; to quell.
Every rebellion, when it is suppressed, doth make the subject
weaker, and the prince stronger. Sir J. Davies.
2. To keep in; to restrain from utterance or vent; as, to suppress the
voice; to suppress a smile. Sir W. Scott.
3. To retain without disclosure; to conceal; not to reveal; to prevent
publication of; as, to suppress evidence; to suppress a pamphlet; to
suppress the truth.
She suppresses the name, and this keeps him in a pleasing suspense.
Broome.
4. To stop; to restrain; to arrest the discharges of; as, to suppress
a diarrhea, or a hemorrhage. Syn. -- To repress; restrain; put down;
overthrow; overpower; overwhelm; conceal; stifle; stop; smother.
Suppressible
Sup*press"i*ble (?), a. That may be suppressed.
Suppression
Sup*pres"sion (?), n. [L. suppressio: cf. F. suppression.]
1. The act of suppressing, or the state of being suppressed;
repression; as, the suppression of a riot, insurrection, or tumult;
the suppression of truth, of reports, of evidence, and the like.
2. (Med.) Complete stoppage of a natural secretion or excretion; as,
suppression of urine; -- used in contradiction to retention, which
signifies that the secretion or excretion is retained without
expulsion. Quain.
3. (Gram.) Omission; as, the suppression of a word. Syn. -- Overthrow;
destruction; concealment; repression; detention; retention;
obstruction.
Suppressive
Sup*press"ive (?), a. Tending to suppress; subduing; concealing.
Suppressor
Sup*press"or (?), n. [L., hider.] One who suppresses.
Supprise
Sup*prise" (?), v. t. To surprise. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Suppurant
Sup"pu*rant (?), n. (Med.) A suppurative.
Suppurate
Sup"pu*rate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Suppurated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suppurating.] [L. suppuratus, p.p. of suppurare to suppurate, cause to
suppurate; sub under + pus, puris, matter. See Pus.] To generate pus;
as, a boil or abscess suppurates.
Suppurate
Sup"pu*rate, v. t. To cause to generate pus; as, to suppurate a sore.
Arbuthnot.
Suppuration
Sup`pu*ra"tion (?), n. [L. suppuratio: cf. F. suppuration.]
1. The act or process of suppurating.
2. The matter produced by suppuration; pus.
Suppurative
Sup"pu*ra*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. suppuratif.] Tending to suppurate;
promoting suppuration. Suppurative fever (Med.), py\'91mia.
Suppurative
Sup"pu*ra*tive, n. (Med.) A suppurative medicine.
Supputate
Sup"pu*tate (?), v. t. [L. supputatus, p.p. of supputare. See
Suppute.] To suppute. [Obs.]
Supputation
Sup`pu*ta"tion (?), n. [L. supputatio: cf. F. supputation.] Reckoning;
account. [Obs.]
Suppute
Sup*pute" (?), v. t. [F. supputer, or L. supputare; sub under + putare
to reckon.] To reckon; to compute; to suppose; to impute. [Obs.]
Drayton.
Supra
Su"pra (?), adv. [L.; akin to super. See Super-.] Over; above; before;
also, beyond; besides; -- much used as a prefix.
Supra-acromial
Su`pra-a*cro"mi*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above the acromial process
of the scapula.
Supra-angular
Su`pra-an"gu*lar (?), a. (Anat.) See Surangular.
Supra-auricular
Su`pra-au*ric"u*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Situated above the ear coverts,
or auriculars; -- said of certain feathers of birds. -- n. A
supra-auricular feather.
Supra-axillary
Su"pra-ax"il*la*ry (?), a. (Bot.) Growing above the axil; inserted
above the axil, as a peduncle. See Suprafoliaceous.
Suprabranchial
Su`pra*bran"chi*al (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Situated above the branchi\'91;
-- applied especially to the upper division of the gill cavity of
bivalve mollusks.
Suprachoroid, Suprachoroidal
Su`pra*cho"roid (?), Su`pra*cho*roid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above
the choroid; -- applied to the layer of the choroid coat of the
eyeball next to the sclerotic.
Supraciliary
Su`pra*cil"i*a*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Superciliary.
Supraclavicle
Su`pra*clav"i*cle (?), n. (Anat.) A bone which usually connects the
clavicle with the post-temporal in the pectorial arch of fishes.
Supraclavicular
Su`pra*cla*vic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Situated above the clavicle.
(b) Of or pertaining to the supraclavicle.
Supracondylar, Supracondyloid
Su`pra*con"dy*lar (?), Su`pra*con"dy*loid (?), a. (Anat.) Situated
above a condyle or condyles.
Supracostal
Su`pra*cos"tal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above, or on the outside of,
the ribs.
Supracranial
Su`pra*cra"ni*al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above, or in the roof of,
the cranium.
Supracretaceous
Su`pra*cre*ta"ceous (?), a. (Geol.) Lying above the chalk;
Supercretaceous.
Supradecompound
Su`pra*de*com"pound (?), a. (Bot.) More than decompound; divided many
times.
Supra-esophagal, Supra-esophageal
Su`pra-e*soph"a*gal (?), Su`pra-e`so*phag"e*al (?), a. (Bot. &
Zo\'94l.) Situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the esophagus; as,
the supra-esophageal ganglion of Crustacea. [Written also
supra-\'d2sophagal, and supra-\'d2sophageal.]
Supra-ethmoid
Su`pra-eth"moid (?), a. (Anat.) Above, or on the dorsal side of, the
ethmoid bone or cartilage.
Suprafoliaceous
Su`pra*fo`li*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Inserted into the stem above the
leaf, petiole, or axil, as a peduncle or flower.
Supraglotic
Su`pra*glot"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above the glottis; -- applied
to that part of the cavity of the larynx above the true vocal cords.
Suprahepatic
Su`pra*he*pat"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated over, or on the dorsal side
of, the liver; -- applied to the branches of the hepatic veins.
Suprahyoid
Su`pra*hy"oid (?), a. (Anat.) Hyomental.
Supra-ilium
Su`pra-il"i*um (?), n. (Anat.) The cartilaginous cap at the sacral end
of the ilium of some animals.
Supralapsarian
Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an (?), n. [Supra- + lapse: cf. F. supralapsaire.]
(Eccl. Hist.) One of that class of Calvinists who believed that God's
decree of election determined that man should fall, in order that the
opportunity might be furnished of securing the redemption of a part of
the race, the decree of salvation being conceived of as formed before
or beyond, and not after or following, the lapse, or fall. Cf.
Infralapsarian.
Supralapsarian
Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an, a. Of or pertaining to the Supralapsarians, or
their doctrine.
Supralapsarianism
Su`pra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism (?), n. The doctrine, belief, or principles of
the Supralapsarians.
Supralapsary
Su`pra*lap"sa*ry (?), a. Supralapsarian.
Supralapsary
Su`pra*lap"sa*ry, n. A Supralapsarian.
Supraloral
Su`pra*lo"ral (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Situated above the lores; as, the
supraloral feathers of a bird. -- n. A supraloral feather.
Supralunar, Supralunary
Su`pra*lu"nar (?), Su`pra*lu"na*ry (?), a. Beyond the moon; hence,
very lofty.
Supramaxilla
Su`pra*max"il*la (?), n.; pl. Supramaxill\'91 (. (Anat.) The upper jaw
or maxilla.
Supramaxillary
Su`pra*max"il*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Situated over the lower jaw;
as, the supramaxillary nerve. (b) Of or pertaining to the upper jaw.
Supramundane
Su`pra*mun"dane (?), a. Being or situated above the world or above our
system; celestial.
Supranaturalism
Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ism (?), n. The state of being supernatural; belief
in supernatural agency or revelation; supernaturalism.
Supranaturalist
Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ist, n. A supernaturalist.
Supranaturalist, Supranaturalistic
Su`pra*nat"u*ral*ist (?), Su`pra*nat`u*ral*is"tic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to supernaturalism; supernaturalistic.
Supraoccipital
Su`pra*oc*cip"i*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated over, or in the upper
part of, the occiput; of or pertaining to the supraoccipital bone. --
n. The supraoccipital bone. Supraoccipital bone (Anat.), a bone on the
dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part
of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young.
Supraocular
Su`pra*oc"u*lar (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Above the eyes; -- said of certain
scales of fishes and reptiles.
Supra-\'d2sophagal
Su`pra-\'d2*soph"a*gal (?), a. (Anat.) See Supra-esophagal.
Supraorbital, Supraorbitar
Su`pra*or"bit*al (?), Su`pra*or"bit*ar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above
the orbit of the eye. Supraorbital point (Anat.), the middle point of
the supraorbital line, which is a line drawn across the narrowest part
of the forehead, separating the face from the cranium; the ophryon.
Suprapedal
Su*prap"e*dal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Situated above the foot of a mollusk;
as, the suprapedal gland.
Supraprotest
Su`pra*pro"test (?), n. (Mercantile Law) An acceptance of a bill by a
third person after protest for nonacceptance by the drawee. Burrill.
Suprapubian, Suprapubic
Su`pra*pu"bi*an (?), Su`pra*pu"bic (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above, or
anterior to, the pubic bone.
Suprarenal
Su`pra*re"nal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above, or anterior to, the
kidneys. -- n. A suprarenal capsule. Suprarenal capsules (Anat.), two
small bodies of unknown function in front of, or near, the kidneys in
most vertebrates. Also called renal capsules, and suprarenal bodies.
Suprascalpular, Suprascalpulary
Su`pra*scalp"u*lar (?), Su`pra*scalp"u*la*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Situated
above, or on the anterior side of, the scapula.
Suprasphenoidal
Su`pra*sphe*noid"al (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above the sphenoidal
bone; as, the suprasphenoidal appendage, or pituitary body.
Supraspinal
Su`pra*spi"nal, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated above the vertebral column.
(b) Situated above a spine or spines; supraspinate; supraspinous.
Supraspinate, Supraspinous
Su`pra*spi"nate (?), Su`pra*spi"nous (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above a
spine or spines; especially, situated above, or on the dorsal side of,
the neural spines of the vertebral column, or above, or in front of,
the spine of the scapula.
Suprastapedial
Su`pra*sta*pe"di*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or designating,
that part of the columella of the ear which projects above the
connection with the stapes, as in many animals. -- n. The
suprastapedial part of the columella.
Suprasternal
Su`pra*ster"nal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above, or anterior to, the
sternum.
Supratemporal
Su`pra*tem"po*ral (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above the temporal bone or
temporal fossa. -- n. A supratemporal bone.
Supratrochlear
Su`pra*troch"le*ar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated over or above a trochlea
or trochlear surface; -- applied esp. to one of the subdivisions of
the trigeminal nerve.
Supravaginal
Su`pra*vag"i*nal (?), a. (Anat.) Situated above or outside a sheath or
vaginal membrane.
Supravision
Su`pra*vi"sion (?), n. Supervision. [Obs.]
Supravisor
Su`pra*vis"or (?), n. A supervisor. [Obs.]
Supravulgar
Su`pra*vul"gar (?), a. Being above the vulgar or common people. [R.]
Collier.
Supremacy
Su*prem"a*cy (?), n. [Cf. F. supr\'82matie. See Supreme.] The state of
being supreme, or in the highest station of power; highest or supreme
authority or power; as, the supremacy of a king or a parliament.
The usurped power of the pope being destroyed, the crown was
restored to its supremacy over spiritual men and causes.
Blackstone.
Oath supremacy, an oath which acknowledges the supremacy of the
sovereign in spiritual affairs, and renounced or abjures the supremacy
of the pope in ecclesiastical or temporal affairs. [Eng.] Brande & C.
Supreme
Su*preme" (?), a. [L. supremus, superlative of superus that is above,
upper, fr. super above: cf. F. supr\'88me. See Super-, and cf. Sum.]
1. Highest in authority; holding the highest place in authority,
government, or power.
He that is the supreme King of kings. Shak.
2. Highest; greatest; most excellent or most extreme; utmost; greatist
possible (sometimes in a bad sense); as, supreme love; supreme glory;
supreme magnanimity; supreme folly.
Each would be supreme within its own sphere, and those spheres
could not but clash. De Quincey.
3. (Bot.) Situated at the highest part or point.
The Supreme, the Almighty; God.
Supremely
Su*preme"ly, adv. In a supreme manner.
Supremity
Su*prem"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. LL. supremitas.] Supremacy. [Obs.] Fuller.
Sur-
Sur-. [F. sur over, above, contr. fr. L. super, supra. See Super-.] A
prefix signifying over, above, beyond, upon.
Sura
Su"ra (?), n. [Ar., a step, a degree.] One of the sections or chapters
of the Koran, which are one hundred and fourteen in number.
Suradanni
Su`ra*dan"ni (?), n. A valuable kind of wood obtained on the shores of
the Demerara River in South America, much used for timbers, rails,
naves and fellies of wheels, and the like.
Suraddition
Sur`ad*di"tion (?), n. [F.] Something added or appended, as to a name.
[Obs.] Shak.
Surah
Su"rah (?), n. A soft twilled silk fabric much used for women's
dresses; -- called also surah silk.
Sural
Su"ral (?), a. [L. sura the calf of the leg: cf. F. sural.] (Anat.) Of
or pertaining to the calf of the leg; as, the sural arteries.
Surance
Sur"ance (?), n. Assurance. [Obs.] Shak.
Surangular
Sur*an"gu*lar (?), a. [Pref. sur- + angular.] (Anat.) Above the
angular bone; supra-angular; -- applied to a bone of the lower jaw in
many reptiles and birds. -- n. The surangular bone.
Surbase
Sur"base` (?), n. [Pref. sur- + base.]
1. (Arch.) A cornice, or series of moldings, on the top of the base of
a pedestal, podium, etc. See Illust. of Column.
2. A board or group of moldings running round a room on a level with
the tops of the chair backs. Knight.
Surbased
Sur"based` (?), a. (Arch.) (a) Having a surbase, or molding above the
base. (b) [F. surbaiss\'82.] Having the vertical height from springing
line to crown less than the half span; -- said of an arch; as, a
segmental arch is surbased.
Surbate
Sur*bate" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surbated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Surbating.] [F. solbatu, p.p., bruised (said of a horse's foot); sole
a sole (of a horse's foot) + battu, p.p. of battre to beat.]
1. To make sore or bruise, as the feet by travel. [Obs.]
Lest they their fins should bruise, and surbate sore Their tender
feet upon the stony ground. Spenser.
Chalky land surbates and spoils oxen's feet. Mortimer.
2. To harass; to fatigue. [Obs.] Clarendon.
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Surbeat
Sur*beat" (?), v. t. Same as Surbate. [Obs.]
Surbed
Sur*bed" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surbedded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Surbedding.] [Pref. sur- + bed.] To set edgewise, as a stone; that is,
to set it in a position different from that which it had in the
quarry.
It . . . has something of a grain parallel with the horizon, and
therefore should not be surbedded. Gilbert White.
Surbet
Sur*bet" (?), v. t. Same as Surbate. [Obs.]
Surbet
Sur*bet", a. Surbated; bruised. [Obs.] Spenser.
Surcease
Sur*cease" (?), n. [F. sursis, from sursis, p.p. of surseoir to
suspend, postpone, defer, in OF., to delay, refrain from, forbear, L.
supersedere. Surcease is not connected with E. cease. See Supersede.]
Cessation; stop; end. "Not desire, but its surcease." Longfellow.
It is time that there were an end and surcease made of this
immodest and deformed manner of writing. Bacon.
Surcease
Sur*cease", v. t. To cause to cease; to end. [Obs.] "The waves . . .
their range surceast." Spenser.
The nations, overawed, surceased the fight. Dryden.
Surcease
Sur*cease", v. i. To cease. [Obs.]
Surceaseance
Sur*cease"ance (?), n. Cessation. [Obs.]
Surcharge
Sur*charge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surcharged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surcharging (?).] [F. surcharger. See Sur-, and Charge, and cf.
Overcharge, Supercharge, Supercargo.]
1. To overload; to overburden; to overmatch; to overcharge; as, to
surcharge a beast or a ship; to surcharge a cannon.
Four charged two, and two surcharged one. Spenser.
Your head reclined, as hiding grief from view, Droops like a rose
surcharged with morning dew. Dryden.
2. (Law) (a) To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into, as a
common, than the person has a right to do, or more than the herbage
will sustain. Blackstone. (b) (Equity) To show an omission in (an
account) for which credit ought to have been given. Story. Daniel.
Surcharge
Sur*charge", n. [F.]
1. An overcharge; an excessive load or burden; a load greater than can
well be borne.
A numerous nobility causeth poverty and inconvenience in a state,
for it is surcharge of expense. Bacon.
2. (Law) (a) The putting, by a commoner, of more beasts on the common
than he has a right to. (b) (Equity) The showing an omission, as in an
account, for which credit ought to have been given. Burrill.
Surchargement
Sur*charge"ment (?), n. The act of surcharging; also, surcharge,
surplus. [Obs.] Daniel.
Surcharger
Sur*char"ger (?), n. One who surcharges.
Surcingle
Sur"cin`gle (?), n. [OE. sursengle, OF. sursangle. See Sur-, and
Cingle, Shingles.]
1. A belt, band, or girth which passes over a saddle, or over anything
laid on a horse's back, to bind it fast.
2. (Eccl.) The girdle of a cassock, by which it is fastened round the
waist.
Surcingled
Sur"cin`gled (?), a. Bound with the surcingle.
Surcle
Sur"cle (?), n. [L. surculus.] A little shoot; a twig; a sucker.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Surcloy
Sur"cloy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surcloyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surcloying.] To surfeit. [Obs.]
Surcoat
Sur"coat` (?), n. [OE. surcote, OF. surcote. See Sur-, and Coat, and
cf. Overcoat.]
1. A coat worn over the other garments; especially, the long and
flowing garment of knights, worn over the armor, and frequently
emblazoned with the arms of the wearer.
A long surcoat of pers upon he had.. Chaucer.
At night, or in the rain, He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn.
Emerson.
2. A name given to the outer garment of either sex at different epochs
of the Middle Ages.
Surcrew
Sur"crew` (?), n. [From F. surcro\'8ct increase, or surcr\'96, p.p. of
surcro\'8ctre to overgrow.] Increase; addition; surplus. [Obs.] Sir H.
Wotton.
Surculate
Sur"cu*late (?), v. t. [L. surculatus, p.p. of surculare to purne,
from surculus a shoot, sprout. See Surcle.] To purne; to trim. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Surculation
Sur`cu*la"tion (?), n. Act of purning. [Obs.]
Surculose
Sur"cu*lose` (?), a. [CF. L. sucrulosus woody. See Surcle.] (Bot.)
Producing suckers, or shoots resembling suckers.
Surd
Surd (?), a. [L. surdus deaf (whence the meaning, deaf to reason,
irrational), perhaps akin to E. swart. Cf. Sordine.]
1. Net having the sense of hearing; deaf. [Obs.] "A surd . . .
generation." Sir T. Browne.
2. Unheard. [Obs.] Kenrick.
3. (Math.) Involving surds; not capable of being expressed in rational
numbers; radical; irrational; as, a surd expression or quantity; a
surd number.
4. (Phonetics) Uttered, as an element of speech, without tone, or
proper vocal sound; voiceless; unintonated; nonvocal; atonic;
whispered; aspirated; sharp; hard, as f, p, s, etc.; -- opposed to
sonant. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§169, 179, 180.
Surd
Surd, n. (Math.)
1. A quantity which can not be expressed by rational numbers; thus,
\'fb2 is a surd.
2. (Phon.) A surd element of speech. See Surd, a., 4.
Surdal
Surd"al (?), a. (Math.) Same as Surd, a., 3.
Surdiny
Surd"i*ny (?), n. A sardine. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Surdity
Surd"i*ty (?), n. [L. surditas.] Deafness. [Obs.]
Sure
Sure (?), a. [Compar. Surer (?); superl. Surest.] [OE. sur, OF.
se\'81r, F. s\'96r, L. securus; se aside, without + cura care. See
Secure, and cf. Assure, Insure, Sicker sure.]
1. Certainly knowing and believing; confident beyond doubt; implicity
trusting; unquestioning; positive.
We are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against
them which commit such things. Rom. ii. 2.
I'm sure care 's an enemy of life. Shak.
2. Certain to find or retain; as, to be sure of game; to be sure of
success; to be sure of life or health.
3. Fit or worthy to be depended on; certain not to fail or disappoint
expectation; unfailing; strong; permanent; enduring. "His sure word."
Keble.
The Lord will certainly make my lord a sure house; because my lord
fighteth the battles of the Lord. 1 Sam. xxv. 28.
The testimony of the Lord is sure. Ps. xix. 7.
Which put in good sure leather sacks. Chapman.
4. Betrothed; engaged to marry. [Obs.]
The king was sure to Dame Elizabeth Lucy, and her husband before
God. Sir T. More.
I presume . . . that you had been sure as fast as faith could bind
you, man and wife. Brome.
5. Free from danger; safe; secure.
Fear not; the forest is not three leagues off; If we recover that
we are sure enough. Shak.
-- To be sure, OR Be sure, certainly; without doubt; as, Shall you do?
To be sure I shall. -- To make sure. (a) To make certain; to secure so
that there can be no failure of the purpose or object. "Make Cato
sure." Addison. "A peace can not fail, provided we make sure of
Spain." Sir W. Temple. (b) To betroth. [Obs.]
She that's made sure to him she loves not well. Cotgrave.
Syn. -- Certain; unfailing; infallible; safe; firm; permanent; steady;
stable; strong; secure; indisputable; confident; positive.
Sure
Sure (?), adv. In a sure manner; safely; certainly. "Great, sure,
shall be thy meed." Spenser.
'T is pleasant, sure, to see one's name in print. Byron.
Sure-footed
Sure"-foot`ed (?), a. Not liable to stumble or fall; as, a sure-footed
horse.
Surely
Sure"ly (?), adv.
1. In a sure or certain manner; certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly;
assuredly.
In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Gen. ii.
17.
He that created something out of nothing, surely can raise great
things out of small. South.
2. Without danger; firmly; steadly; securely.
He that walketh uprightly walketh surely. Prov. x. 9.
Surement
Sure"ment (?), n. A making sure; surety. [Obs.]
Every surement and every bond. Chaucer.
Sureness
Sure"ness, n. The state of being sure; certainty.
For more sureness he repeats it. Woodward.
The law holds with equal sureness for all right action. Emerson.
Suresby
Sures"by (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain. See Rudesby.] One to be sure of,
or to be relied on. [Obs.]
There is one which is suresby, as they say, to serve, if anything
will serve. Bradford.
Suretiship
Sure"ti*ship (?), n. Suretyship. Prov. xi. 15.
Surety
Sure"ty (?), n.; pl. Sureties (#). [OE. seurte, OF. se\'81rt\'82, F.
s\'96ret\'82. See Sure, Security.]
1. The state of being sure; certainty; security.
Know of a surety, that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that
is not theirs. Gen. xv. 13.
For the more surety they looked round about. Sir P. Sidney.
2. That which makes sure; that which confirms; ground of confidence or
security.
[We] our happy state Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds;
On other surety none. Milton.
3. Security against loss or damage; security for payment, or for the
performance of some act.
There remains unpaid A hundred thousand more; in surety of the
which One part of Aquitaine is bound to us. Shak.
4. (Law) One who is bound with and for another who is primarily
liable, and who is called the principal; one who engages to answer for
another's appearance in court, or for his payment of a debt, or for
performance of some act; a bondsman; a bail.
He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it. Prov. xi. 15.
5. Hence, a substitute; a hostage. Cowper.
6. Evidence; confirmation; warrant. [Obs.]
She called the saints to surety, That she would never put it from
her finger, Unless she gave it to yourself. Shak.
Surety
Sure"ty, v. t. To act as surety for. [Obs.] Shak.
Suretyship
Sure"ty*ship, n. The state of being surety; the obligation of a person
to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriage of another. Bouvier.
Surf
Surf (?), n. [Formerly spelled suffe, and probably the same word as E.
sough.] The swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, esp. upon a
sloping beach. Surf bird (Zo\'94l.), a ploverlike bird of the genus
Aphriza, allied to the turnstone. -- Surf clam (Zo\'94l.), a large
clam living on the open coast, especially Mactra, OR Spisula,
solidissima. See Mactra. -- Surf duck (Zo\'94l.), any one of several
species of sea ducks of the genus Oidemia, especially O.
percpicillata; -- called also surf scoter. See the Note under Scoter.
-- Surf fish (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of California
embiotocoid fishes. See Embiotocoid. -- Surf smelt. (Zo\'94l.) See
Smelt. -- Surf whiting. (Zo\'94l.) See under Whiting.
Surf
Surf, n. The bottom of a drain. [Prov. Eng.]
Surface
Sur"face` (?), n. [F. See Sur-, and Face, and cf. Superficial.]
1. The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of
the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the
outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the
surface of the body.
The bright surface of this ethereous mold. Milton.
2. Hence, outward or external appearance.
Vain and weak understandings, which penetrate no deeper than the
surface. V. Knox.
3. (Geom.) A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness;
superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
4. (Fort.) That part of the side which is terminated by the flank
prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion. Stocqueler.
Caustic surface, Heating surface, etc. See under Caustic, Heating,
etc. -- Surface condensation, Surface condenser. See under
Condensation, and Condenser. -- Surface gauge (Mach.), an instrument
consisting of a standard having a flat base and carrying an adjustable
pointer, for gauging the evenness of a surface or its height, or for
marking a line parallel with a surface. -- Surface grub (Zo\'94l.),
the larva of the great yellow underwing moth (Triph\'d2na pronuba). It
is often destructive to the roots of grasses and other plants. --
Surface plate (Mach.), a plate having an accurately dressed flat
surface, used as a standard of flatness by which to test other
surfaces. -- Surface printing, printing from a surface in relief, as
from type, in distinction from plate printing, in which the ink is
contained in engraved lines.
Surface
Sur"face (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surfaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surfacing (?).]
1. To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or
plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
2. To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for
gold. <-- Surface, v.i. 1. To rise from the depths of a liquid to the
surface; as, the submarine surfaced to recharge its batteries. 2. (a)
To become known or public; -- said of information. (b) To show up, as
a person who was in hiding. -->
Surfacer
Sur"fa*cer (?), n. A form of machine for dressing the surface of wood,
metal, stone, etc.
Surfboat
Surf"boat` (?), n. (Naut.) A boat intended for use in heavy surf. It
is built with a pronounced sheer, and with a view to resist the shock
of waves and of contact with the beach.
Surfeit
Sur"feit (?), n. [OE. surfet, OF. surfait, sorfait, excess, arrogance,
crime, fr. surfaire, sorfaire, to augment, exaggerate, F. surfaire to
overcharge; sur over + faire to make, do, L. facere. See Sur-, and
Fact.]
1. Excess in eating and drinking.
Let not Sir Surfeit sit at thy board. Piers Plowman.
Now comes the sick hour that his surfeit made. Shak.
2. Fullness and oppression of the system, occasioned often by
excessive eating and drinking.
To prevent surfeit and other diseases that are incident to those
that heat their blood by travels. Bunyan.
3. Disgust caused by excess; satiety. Sir P. Sidney.
Matter and argument have been supplied abundantly, and even to
surfeit. Burke.
Surfeit
Sur"feit, v. i.
1. To load the stomach with food, so that sickness or uneasiness
ensues; to eat to excess.
They are as sick that surfeit with too much as they that starve
with nothing. Shak.
2. To indulge to satiety in any gratification.
Surfeit
Sur"feit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surfeited; p. pr. & vb. n. Surfeiting.]
1. To feed so as to oppress the stomach and derange the function of
the system; to overfeed, and produce satiety, sickness, or uneasiness;
-- often reflexive; as, to surfeit one's self with sweets.
2. To fill to satiety and disgust; to cloy; as, he surfeits us with
compliments. V. Knox.
Surfeiter
Sur"feit*er (?), n. One who surfeits. Shak.
Surfeit-water
Sur"feit-wa`ter (?), n. Water for the cure of surfeits. [Obs.] Locke.
Surfel, Surfle
Sur"fel, Sur"fle (?), v. t. [Cf. Sulphur.] To wash, as the face, with
a cosmetic water, said by some to be prepared from the sulphur. [Obs.]
She shall no oftener powder her hair, [or] surfel her cheeks, . . .
but she shall as often gaze on my picture. Ford.
Surfer
Surf"er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The surf duck. [U. S.]
Surfman
Surf"man (?), n.; pl. Surmen (. One who serves in a surfboat in the
life-saving service.
Surfoot
Sur"foot` (?), a. Tired or sore of foot from travel; lamed. [Obs.]
Nares.
Surfy
Surf"y (?), a. Consisting of, abounding in, or resembling, surf; as, a
surfy shore.
Scarce had they cleared the surfy waves That foam around those
frightful caves. Moore.
Surge
Surge (?), n. [L. surgere, surrectum, to raise, to rise; sub under +
regere to direct: cf. OF. surgeon, sourgeon, fountain. See Regent, and
cf. Insurrection, Sortie, Source.]
1. A spring; a fountain. [Obs.] "Divers surges and springs of water."
Ld. Berners.
2. A large wave or billow; a great, rolling swell of water, produced
generally by a high wind.
He that doubteth is like the surge of the sea driven by the wind
and tossed. James i. 6 (Rev. Ver.)
He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar, Pursues the foaming
surges to the shore. Dryden.
3. The motion of, or produced by, a great wave.
4. The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the
cable surges, or slips.
Surge
Surge, v. i.
1. To swell; to rise hifg and roll.
The surging waters like a mountain rise. Spenser.
2. (Naut.) To slip along a windlass.
Surge
Surge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Surging (?).]
[Cf. F. surgir to cast anchor, to land. Cf. Surge, n.] (Naut.) To let
go or slacken suddenly, as a rope; as, to surge a hawser or messenger;
also, to slacken the rope about (a capstan).
Surgeful
Surge"ful (?), a. Abounding in surges; surgy. "Tossing the surgeful
tides." Drayton.
Surgeless
Surge"less, a. Free from surges; smooth; calm.
Surgent
Sur"gent (?), a. [L. surgens, p.pr.] Rising; swelling, as a flood.
[R.] Robert Greene.
Surgeon
Sur"geon (?), n. [OE. surgien, OF. surgien, contr. fr. chirurgien. See
Chirurgeon.]
1. One whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or injuries
of the body by manual operation; one whose occupation is to cure local
injuries or disorders (such as wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.),
whether by manual operation, or by medication and constitutional
treatment.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of ch\'91todont fishes of
the family Teuthid\'91, or Acanthurid\'91, which have one or two sharp
lancelike spines on each side of the base of the tail. Called also
surgeon fish, doctor fish, lancet fish, and sea surgeon.
Surgeon apothecary, one who unites the practice of surgery with that
of the apothecary. Dunglison. -- Surgeon dentist, a dental surgeon; a
dentist. -- Surgeon fish. See def. 2, above. -- Surgeon general. (a)
In the United States army, the chief of the medical department. (b) In
the British army, a surgeon ranking next below the chief of the
medical department.
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Surgeoncy
Sur"geon*cy (?), n. The office or employment of a surgeon, as in the
naval or military service.
Surgeonry
Sur"geon*ry (?), n. Surgery. [Obs.]
Surgery
Sur"ge*ry (?), n. [OE. surgenrie, surgerie; cf. OF. cirurgie, F.
chirurgie, L. chirurgia, Gr. Surgeon.]
1. The art of healing by manual operation; that branch of medical
science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases
or injuries of the body; that branch of medical science which has for
its object the cure of local injuries or diseases, as wounds or
fractures, tumors, etc., whether by manual operation or by medicines
and constitutional treatment.
2. A surgeon's operating room or laboratory.
Surgical
Sur"gi*cal (?), a. Of or pertaining to surgeons or surgery; done by
means of surgery; used in surgery; as, a surgical operation; surgical
instruments. Surgical fever. (Med.) (a) Py\'91mia. (b) Traumatic
fever, or the fever accompanying inflammation.
Surgically
Sur"gi*cal*ly, adv. By means of surgery.
Surgy
Sur"gy (?), a. Rising in surges or billows; full of surges; resembling
surges in motion or appearance; swelling. "Over the surgy main." Pope.
Suricat
Su"ri*cat (?), n. [F. surikate, from the native name in South Africa.]
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Zenick. [Written also suricate, surikate.]
Surinam toad
Su`ri*nam" toad" (?). (Zo\'94l.) A species of toad native of Surinam.
See Pipa.
Surintendant
Sur`in*tend"ant (?), n. [F. See Superintendent.] Superintendent. [R.]
Surlily
Sur"li*ly (?), adv. In a surly manner.
Surliness
Sur"li*ness, n. The quality or state of being surly.
Surling
Sur"ling (?), n. [See Surly.] A sour, morose fellow. [Obs.] Camden.
Surloin
Sur"loin` (?), n. [F. surlonge; sur upon + longe loin. See Sur-, and
Loin.] A loin of beef, or the upper part of the loin. See Sirloin, the
more usual, but not etymologically preferable, orthography.
Surly
Sur"ly (?), a. [Compar. Surlier (?); superl. Surliest.] [Probably from
sir, and originally meaning, sirlike, i.e., proud. See Sir, and Like,
a.]
1. Arrogant; haughty. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
2. Gloomily morose; ill-natured, abrupt, and rude; severe; sour;
crabbed; rough; sullen; gloomy; as, a surly groom; a surly dog; surly
language; a surly look. "That surly spirit, melancholy." Shak.
3. Rough; dark; tempestuous.
Now softened into joy the surly storm. Thomson.
Surmark
Sur"mark` (?), n. (Shipbuilding) A mark made on the molds of a ship,
when building, to show where the angles of the timbers are to be
placed. [Written also sirmark.]
Surmisable
Sur*mis"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being surmised; as, a surmisable
result.
Surmisal
Sur*mis"al (?), n. Surmise. [R.] Milton.
Surmise
Sur*mise" (?), n. [OF. surmise accusation, fr. surmettre, p.p. surmis,
to impose, accuse; sur (see Sur-) + mettre to put, set, L. mittere to
send. See Mission.]
1. A thought, imagination, or conjecture, which is based upon feeble
or scanty evidence; suspicion; guess; as, the surmisses of jealousy or
of envy.
[We] double honor gain From his surmise proved false. Milton.
No man ought to be charged with principles he actually disowns,
unless his practicies contradict his profession; not upon small
surmises. Swift.
2. Reflection; thought. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- Conjecture; supposition;
suspicion; doubt.
Surmise
Sur*mise", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surmised (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surmising.] To imagine without certain knowledge; to infer on slight
grounds; to suppose, conjecture, or suspect; to guess.
It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew That what before she but
surmised, was true. Dryden.
This change was not wrought by altering the form or position of the
earth, as was surmised by a very learned man, but by dissolving it.
Woodward.
Surmiser
Sur*mis"er (?), n. One who surmises.
Surmising
Sur*mis"ing, a. & n. from Surmise, v.
Surmount
Sur*mount" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surmounted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Surmounting.] [OE. sourmounten, OF. surmonter, sormonter, F.
surmonter; sur over + monter to mount. See Sur-, and Mount, v. i.]
1. To rise above; to be higher than; to overtop.
The mountains of Olympus, Athos, and Atlas, overreach and surmount
all winds and clouds. Sir W. Raleigh.
2. To conquer; to overcome; as, to surmount difficulties or obstacles.
Macaulay.
3. To surpass; to exceed. Spenser.
What surmounts the reach Of human sense I shall delineate. Milton.
Syn. -- To conquer; overcome; vanquish; subdue; surpass; exceed.
Surmountable
Sur*mount"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. surmontable.] Capable of being
surmounted or overcome; superable. -- Sur*mount"a*ble*ness, n.
Surmounted
Sur*mount"ed, a.
1. (Arch.) Having its vertical height greater than the half span; --
said of an arch.
2. (Her.) Partly covered by another charge; -- said of an ordinary or
other bearing.
Surmounter
Sur*mount"er (?), n. One who, or that which, surmounts.
Surmullet
Sur*mul"let (?), n. [F. surmulet; saur, saure, brownish yellow, red +
mulet a mullet. See Sorrel, a., and Mullet.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of
various species of mullets of the family Millid\'91, esp. the European
species (Millus surmulletus), which is highly prized as a food fish.
See Mullet.
Surmulot
Sur"mu*lot (?), n. [F.] (Zo\'94l.) The brown, or Norway, rat.
Surname
Sur"name` (?), n. [Pref. sur + name; really a substitution for OE.
sournoun, from F. surnom. See Sur-, and Noun, Name.]
1. A name or appellation which is added to, or over and above, the
baptismal or Christian name, and becomes a family name.
NOTE: &hand; Su rnames or iginally de signated oc cupation, estate,
place of residence, or some particular thing or event that related
to the person; thus, Edmund Ironsides; Robert Smith, or the smith;
William Turner. Surnames are often also patronymics; as, John
Johnson.
2. An appellation added to the original name; an agnomen. "My surname,
Coriolanus." Shak.
NOTE: &hand; This word has been sometimes written sirname, as if it
signified sire-name, or the name derived from one's father.
Surname
Sur*name" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surnamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surnaming.] [Cf. F. surnommer.] To name or call by an appellation
added to the original name; to give a surname to.
Another shall subscribe with his hand unto the Lord, and surname
himself by the name of Israel. Isa. xliv. 5.
And Simon he surnamed Peter. Mark iii. 16.
Surnominal
Sur*nom"i*nal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a surname or surnames.
Suroxidate
Sur*ox"i*date (?), v. t. (Chem.) To combine with oxygen so as to form
a suroxide or peroxide. [Obs.]
Suroxide
Sur*ox"ide (?), n. [Cf. F. suroxyde. See Sur-, and Oxide.] (Chem.) A
peroxide. [Obs.]
Surpass
Sur*pass" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surpassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surpassing.] [F. surpasser; sur over + passer to pass. See Sur-, and
Pass.] To go beyond in anything good or bad; to exceed; to excel.
This would surpass Common revenge and interrupt his joy. Milton.
Syn. -- To exceed; excel; outdo; outstrip.
Surpassable
Sur*pass"a*ble (?), a. That may be surpassed.
Surpassing
Sur*pass"ing, a. Eminently excellent; exceeding others. "With
surpassing glory crowned." Milton. -- Sur*pass"ing*ly, adv. --
Sur*pass"ing*ness, n.
Surphul
Sur"phul (?), v. t. To surfel. [Obs.] Marston.
Surplice
Sur"plice (?), n. [F. surplis, OF. surpeiz, LL. superpellicium; super
over + pellicium, pelliceum, a robe of fur, L. pellicius made of
skins. See Pelisse.] (Eccl.) A white garment worn over another dress
by the clergy of the Roman Catholic, Episcopal, and certain other
churches, in some of their ministrations. Surplice fees (Eccl.), fees
paid to the English clergy for occasional duties.
Surpliced
Sur"pliced (?), a. Wearing a surplice.
Surplus
Sur"plus (?), n. [F., fr. sur over + plus more. See Sur-, and Plus,
and cf. Superplus.]
1. That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit
is reached; excess; overplus.
2. Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater
than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.<-- =
budgetary surplus -->
Surplus
Sur"plus, a. Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient;
as, surplus revenues; surplus population; surplus words.
When the price of corn falleth, men give over surplus tillage, and
break no more ground. Carew.
Surplusage
Sur"plus*age (?), n. [See Surplus, and cf. Superplusage.]
1. Surplus; excess; overplus; as, surplusage of grain or goods beyond
what is wanted.
Take what thou please of all this surplusage. Spenser.
A surplusage given to one part is paid out of a reduction from
another part of the same creature. Emerson.
2. (Law) Matter in pleading which is not necessary or relevant to the
case, and which may be rejected.
3. (Accounts) A greater disbursement than the charge of the accountant
amounts to. [Obs.] Rees.
Surprisal
Sur*pris"al (?), n. [See Surprise, n.] The act of surprising, or state
of being surprised; surprise.
How to secure the lady from surprisal. Milton.
Because death is uncertain, let us prevent its surprisal. Barrow.
Surprise
Sur*prise" (?), n. [F. surprise, fr. surprendre, surpris; sur over +
prendre to take, L. prehendere. See Sur-, and Prehensile.]
1. The act of coming upon, or taking, unawares; the act of seizing
unexpectedly; surprisal; as, the fort was taken by surprise.
2. The state of being surprised, or taken unawares, by some act or
event which could not reasonably be foreseen; emotion excited by what
is sudden and strange; a suddenly excited feeling of wonder or
astonishment.
Pure surprise and fear Made me to quit the house. Shak.
3. Anything that causes such a state or emotion.
4. A dish covered with a crust of raised paste, but with no other
contents. [Obs.] King.
Surprise party, a party of persons who assemble by mutual agreement,
and without invitation, at the house of a common friend. [U.S.]
Bartlett. Syn. -- Wonder; astonishment; amazement.
Surprise
Sur*prise" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surprised (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surprising.] [From Surprise, n.: cf. F. surprendre, p.p. surpris.]
1. To come or fall suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares; to
seize or capture by unexpected attack.
Fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites. Isa. xxxiii. 14.
The castle of Macduff I will surprise. Shak.
Who can speak The mingled passions that surprised his heart?
Thomson.
2. To strike with wonder, astonishment, or confusion, by something
sudden, unexpected, or remarkable; to confound; as, his conduct
surprised me.
I am surprised with an uncouth fear. Shak.
Up he starts, Discovered and surprised. Milton.
3. To lead (one) to do suddenly and without forethought; to bring
(one) into some unexpected state; -- with into; as, to be surprised
into an indiscretion; to be surprised into generosity.
4. To hold possession of; to hold. [Obs.]
Not with me, That in my hands surprise the sovereignity. J.
Webster.
Syn. -- See Astonish.
Surprisement
Sur*prise"ment (?), n. Surprisal. [Obs.] Daniel.
Surpriser
Sur*pris"er (?), n. One who surprises.
Surprising
Sur*pris"ing, a. Exciting surprise; extraordinary; of a nature to
excite wonder and astonishment; as, surprising bravery; a surprising
escape from danger. -- Sur*pris"ing*ly, adv. -- Sur*pris"ing*ness, n.
Syn. -- Wonderful; extraordinary; unexpected; astonishing; striking.
Surquedous, Surquedrous
Sur"que*dous (?), Sur"que*drous (?), a. Having or exhibiting
surquedry; arrogant; insolent. [Obs.] Gower. James II. of Scot.
Surquedry, Surquidry
Sur"que*dry (?), Sur"qui*dry, n. [OF. surcuidier to presume; sur over
+ cuidier to think, L. cogitare. See Sur-, and Cogitate.] Overweening
pride; arrogance; presumption; insolence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Then pay you the price of your surquedry. Spenser.
Surrebound
Sur`re*bound" (?), v. i. To give back echoes; to re\'89cho. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Surrebut
Sur`re*but" (?), v. i. [Pref. sur + rebut.] (Law) To reply, as a
plaintiff to a defendant's rebutter.
Surrebuter
Sur`re*but"er (?), n. (Law) The reply of a plaintiff to a defendant's
rebutter.
Surrein
Sur"rein` (?), v. t. [Pref. sur + rein.] To override; to exhaust by
riding. [Obs.] Shak.
Surrejoin
Sur`re*join" (?), v. i. [Pref. sur + rejoin.] (Law) To reply, as a
plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.
Surrejoinder
Sur`re*join"der (?), n. (Law) The answer of a plaintiff to a
defendant's rejoinder.
Surrender
Sur*ren"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surrendered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surrendering.] [OF. surrendre to deliver; sur over + rendre to render.
See Sur-, and Render.]
1. To yield to the power of another; to give or deliver up possession
of (anything) upon compulsion or demand; as, to surrender one's person
to an enemy or to an officer; to surrender a fort or a ship.
2. To give up possession of; to yield; to resign; as, to surrender a
right, privilege, or advantage.
To surrender up that right which otherwise their founders might
have in them. Hooker.
3. To yield to any influence, emotion, passion, or power; -- used
reflexively; as, to surrender one's self to grief, to despair, to
indolence, or to sleep.
4. (Law) To yield; to render or deliver up; to give up; as, a
principal surrendered by his bail, a fugitive from justice by a
foreign state, or a particular estate by the tenant thereof to him in
remainder or reversion.
Surrender
Sur*ren"der, v. i. To give up one's self into the power of another; to
yield; as, the enemy, seeing no way of escape, surrendered at the
first summons.
Surrender
Sur*ren"der, n.
1. The act of surrendering; the act of yielding, or resigning one's
person, or the possession of something, into the power of another; as,
the surrender of a castle to an enemy; the surrender of a right.
That he may secure some liberty he makes a surrender in trust of
the whole of it. Burke.
2. (Law) The yielding of a particular estate to him who has an
immediate estate in remainder or reversion. (b) The giving up of a
principal into lawful custody by his bail. (c) The delivry up oh
fugitives from justice by one government to another, as by a foreign
state. See Extradition. Wharton.
Surrenderee
Sur*ren`der*ee" (?), n. (Law) The person to whom a surrender is made.
Mozley & W.
Surrenderer
Sur*ren"der*er (?), n. One who surrenders.
Surrenderor
Sur*ren`der*or" (?), n. (Law) One who makes a surrender, as of an
estate. Bouvier.
Surrendry
Sur*ren"dry (?), n. Surrender. [Obs.]
Surreption
Sur*rep"tion (?), n. [L. surreptio, or subreptio. Cf. Subreption.]
1. The act or process of getting in a surreptitious manner, or by
craft or stealth.
Fame by surreption got May stead us for the time, but lasteth not.
B. Jonson.
2. A coming unperceived or suddenly.
Surreptitious
Sur`rep*ti"tious (?), a. [L. surreptitius, or subreptitius, fr.
surripere, subripere, to snatch away, to withdraw privily; sub- under
+ rapere to snatch. See Sub-, and Ravish.] Done or made by stealth, or
without proper authority; made or introduced fraudulently;
clandestine; stealthy; as, a surreptitious passage in an old
manuscript; a surreptitious removal of goods. -- Sur`rep*ti"tious*ly,
adv.
Surrey
Sur"rey (?), n. A four-wheeled pleasure carriage, (commonly
two-seated) somewhat like a phaeton, but having a straight bottom.
Surrogate
Sur"ro*gate (?), n. [L. surrogatus, p.p. of surrogare, subrogare, to
put in another's place, to substitute; sub under + rogare to ask, ask
for a vote, propose a law. See Rogation, and cf. Subrogate.]
1. A deputy; a delegate; a substitute.
2. The deputy of an ecclesiastical judge, most commonly of a bishop or
his chancellor, especially a deputy who grants marriage licenses.
[Eng.]
3. In some States of the United States, an officer who presides over
the probate of wills and testaments and yield the settlement of
estates.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1453
Surrogate
Sur"ro*gate (?), v. t. To put in the place of another; to substitute.
[R.] Dr. H. More.
Surrogateship
Sur"ro*gate*ship, n. The office of a surrogate.
Surrogation
Sur`ro*ga"tion (?), n. [See Surrogate, n., and cf. Subrogation.] The
act of substituting one person in the place of another. [R.]
Killingbeck.
Surround
Sur*round" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surrounded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Surrounding.] [OF. suronder to overflow, LL. superundare; fr. L. super
over + undare to rise in waves, overflow, fr. unda wave. The English
sense is due to the influence of E. round. See Super-, and Undulate,
and cf. Abound.]
1. To inclose on all sides; to encompass; to environ.
2. To lie or be on all sides of; to encircle; as, a wall surrounds the
city.
But could instead, and ever-during dark Surrounds me. Milton.
3. To pass around; to travel about; to circumnavigate; as, to surround
the world. [Obs.] Fuller.
4. (Mil.) To inclose, as a body of troops, between hostile forces, so
as to cut off means of communication or retreat; to invest, as a city.
Syn. -- To encompass; encircle; environ; invest; hem in; fence about.
Surround
Sur*round", n. A method of hunting some animals, as the buffalo, by
surrounding a herd, and driving them over a precipice, into a ravine,
etc. [U.S.] Baird.
Surrounding
Sur*round"ing, a. Inclosing; encircling.
Surrounding
Sur*round"ing, n.
1. An encompassing.
2. pl. The things which surround or environ; external or attending
circumstances or conditions.
Surroyal
Sur*roy"al (?), n. [Pref. sur- + royal.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
terminal branches or divisions of the beam of the antler of the stag
or other large deer.
Sursanure
Sur"sa*nure (?), n. [(Assumed) OF. sursane\'81re. See Sur-, and Sane.]
A wound healed or healing outwardly only. [Obs.]
Of a sursanure In surgery is perilous the cure. Chaucer.
Surseance
Sur"se*ance (?), n. [OF., fr. OF. & F. surseoir. See Surcease.] Peace;
quiet. [Obs.] Bacon.
Sursolid
Sur*sol"id (?), n. [F. sursolide. See Sur-, and Solid.] (Math.) The
fifth power of a number; as, a is the sursolid of a, or 32 that of 2.
[R.] Hutton.
Surstyle
Sur*style" (?), v. t. To surname. [R.]
Surtax
Sur"tax (?), n. An additional or extra tax.
Surtax
Sur*tax" (?), v. t. To impose an additional tax on.
Surtout
Sur*tout" (?), n. [F., fr. sur over + tout all.] A man's coat to be
worn over his other garments; an overcoat, especially when long, and
fitting closely like a body coat. Gay.
Surturbrand
Sur"tur*brand (?), n. [Icel. surtarbrandr; svartr black + brandr a
firebrand.] A fibrous brown coal or bituminous wood.
Surucucu
Su`ru*cu"cu (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Bush master, under Bush.
Surveillance
Sur*veil"lance (?), n. [F., fr. surveiller to watch over; sur over +
veiller to watch, L. vigilare. See Sur-, and Vigil.] Oversight; watch;
inspection; supervision.
That sort of surveillance of which . . . the young have accused the
old. Sir W. Scott.
Surveillant
Sur*veil"lant (?), n.; pl. Surveillants (#). [F., fr. surveiller to
watch over. See Surveillance.] One who watches over another; an
overseer; a spy; a supervisor.
Surveillant
Sur*veil"lant, a. Overseeing; watchful.
Survene
Sur*vene" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Survened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Survening.] [F. survenir. See Supervene.] To supervene upon; to come
as an addition to. [Obs.]
A suppuration that survenes lethargies. Harvey.
Survenue
Sur"ve*nue (?), n. [OF. See Survene.] A sudden or unexpected coming or
stepping on. [Obs.]
Survey
Sur*vey" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surveyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surveying.] [OF. surveoir, surveer; sur, sor, over, E. sur + veoir,
veeir, to see, F. voir, L. videre. See Sur-, and Vision, and cf.
Supervise.]
1. To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a
high place; to overlook; as, to stand on a hill, and survey the
surrounding country.
Round he surveys and well might, where he stood, So high above.
Milton.
2. To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.
With such altered looks, . . . All pale and speechless, he surveyed
me round. Dryden.
3. To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to
examine and ascertain the state of; as, to survey a building in order
to determine its value and exposure to loss by fire.
4. To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of
land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular
measurments, and the application of the principles of geometry and
trigonometry; as, to survey land or a coast.
5. To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a
manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.
[Eng.] Jacob (Law Dict.).
Survey
Sur"vey (?), n. [Formerly accentuated universally on the last
syllable, and still so accented by many speakers.]
1. The act of surveying; a general view, as from above.
Under his proud survey the city lies. Sir J. Denham.
2. A particular view; an examination, especially an official
examination, of all the parts or particulars of a thing, with a design
to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality; as, a survey of the
stores of a ship; a survey of roads and bridges; a survey of
buildings.
3. The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or
other particulars of, as any part of the earth's surface, whether land
or water; also, a measured plan and description of any portion of
country, or of a road or line through it.
Survey of dogs. See Court of regard, under Regard. -- Trigonometrical
survey, a survey of a portion of country by measuring a single base,
and connecting it with various points in the tract surveyed by a
series of triangles, the angles of which are carefully measured, the
relative positions and distances of all parts being computed from
these data. Syn. -- Review; retrospect; examination; prospect.
Surveyal
Sur*vey"al (?), n. Survey. [R.] Barrow.
Surveyance
Sur*vey"ance (?), n. Survey; inspection. [R.]
Surveying
Sur*vey"ing, n. That branch of applied mathematics which teaches the
art of determining the area of any portion of the earth's surface, the
length and directions of the bounding lines, the contour of the
surface, etc., with an accurate delineation of the whole on paper; the
act or occupation of making surveys. Geodetic surveying, geodesy. --
Maritime, OR Nautical, surveying, that branch of surveying which
determines the forms of coasts and harbors, the entrances of rivers,
with the position of islands, rocks, and shoals, the depth of water,
etc. -- Plane surveying. See under Plane, a. -- Topographical
surveying, that branch of surveying which involves the process of
ascertaining and representing upon a plane surface the contour,
physical features, etc., of any portion of the surface of the earth.
Surveyor
Sur*vey"or (?), n.
1. One placed to superintend others; an overseer; an inspector.
Were 't not madness then, To make the fox surveyor of the fold?
Shak.
2. One who views and examines for the purpose of ascertaining the
condition, quantity, or quality of anything; as, a surveyor of
highways, ordnance, etc.
3. One who surveys or measures land; one who practices the art of
surveying.
4. (Customs) (a) An officer who ascertains the contents of casks, and
the quantity of liquors subject to duty; a gauger. (b) In the United
States, an officer whose duties include the various measures to be
taken for ascertaining the quantity, condition, and value of
merchandise brought into a port. Abbot.
Surveyor general. (a) A principal surveyor; as, the surveyor general
of the king's manors, or of woods and parks. [Eng.] (b) An officer
having charge of the survey of the public lands of a land district.
[U.S.] Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.). -- Surveyor's compass. See
Circumferentor. -- Surveyor's level. See under Level.
Surveyorship
Sur*vey"or*ship, n. The office of a surveyor.
Surview
Sur*view" (?), v. t. [Pref. sur- + view. Cf. Survey.] To survey; to
make a survey of. [Obs.] "To surview his ground." Spenser.
Surview
Sur*view", n. A survey. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.
Survise
Sur*vise" (?), v. t. [See Supervise, and Survey.] To look over; to
supervise. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Survival
Sur*viv"al (?), n. [From Survive.]
1. A living or continuing longer than, or beyond the existence of,
another person, thing, or event; an outliving.
2. (Arh\'91ol. & Ethnol.) Any habit, usage, or belief, remaining from
ancient times, the origin of which is often unknown, or imperfectly
known.
The close bearing of the doctrine of survival on the study of
manners and customs. Tylor.
Survival of the fittest. (Biol.) See Natural selection, under Natural.
Survivance, Survivancy
Sur*viv"ance (?), Sur*viv"an*cy (?), n. [F. survivance.] Survivorship.
[R.]
His son had the survivance of the stadtholdership. Bp. Burnet.
Survive
Sur*vive" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Survived (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Surviving.] [F. survivre, L. supervivere; super over + vivere to live.
See Super-, and Victuals.] To live beyond the life or existence of; to
live longer than; to outlive; to outlast; as, to survive a person or
an event. Cowper.
I'll assure her of Her widowhood, be it that she survive me, In all
my lands and leases whatsoever. Shak.
Survive
Sur*vive", v. i. To remain alive; to continue to live.
Thy pleasure, Which, when no other enemy survives, Still conquers
all the conquerors. Sir J. Denham.
Alike are life and death, When life in death survives. Longfellow.
Survivency
Sur*viv"en*cy (?), n. Survivorship. [R.]
Surviver
Sur*viv"er (?), n. One who survives; a survivor.
Surviving
Sur*viv"ing, a. Remaining alive; yet living or existing; as, surviving
friends; surviving customs.
Survivor
Sur*viv"or (?), n.
1. One who survives or outlives another person, or any time, event, or
thing.
The survivor bound In filial obligation for some term To do
obsequious sorrow. Shak.
2. (Law) The longer liver of two joint tenants, or two persons having
a joint interest in anything. Blackstone.
Survivorship
Sur*viv"or*ship, n.
1. The state of being a survivor.
1. (Law) The right of a joint tenant, or other person who has a joint
interest in an estate, to take the whole estate upon the death of
other. Blackstone.
Chance of survivorship, the chance that a person of a given age has of
surviving another of a giving age; thus, by the Carlisle tables of
mortality the chances of survivorship for two persons, aged 25 and 65,
are 89 and 11 respectively, or about 8 to 1 that the elder die first.
Susceptibility
Sus*cep`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Susceptibilities (#). [Cf. F.
susceptibilit\'82.]
1. The state or quality of being susceptible; the capability of
receiving impressions, or of being affected.
2. Specifically, capacity for deep feeling or emotional excitement;
sensibility, in its broadest acceptation; impressibility;
sensitiveness.
Magnetic susceptibility (Physics), the intensity of magnetization of a
body placed in a uniform megnetic field of unit strength. Sir W.
Thomson. Syn. -- Capability; sensibility; feeling; emotion.
Susceptible
Sus*cep"ti*ble (?), a. [F., from L. suscipere, susceptum, to take up,
to support, undertake, recognize, admit; pref. sus (see Sub-) + capere
to take. See Capable.]
1. Capable of admitting anything additional, or any change, affection,
or influence; readily acted upon; as, a body susceptible of color or
of alteration.
It sheds on souls susceptible of light, The glorious dawn of our
eternal day. Young.
2. Capable of impression; having nice sensibility; impressible;
tender; sensitive; as, children are more susceptible than adults; a
man of a susceptible heart.<-- = impressionable -->
Candidates are . . . not very susceptible of affronts. Cowper.
I am constitutionally susceptible of noises. Lamb.
-- Sus*cep"ti*ble*ness, n. -- Sus*cep"ti*bly, adv.
Susception
Sus*cep"tion (?), n. [L. susceptio: cf. F. susception. See
Susceptible.] The act of taking; reception.
Susceptive
Sus*cep"tive (?), a. Susceptible. I. Watts. -- Sus*cep"tive*ness, n.
Susceptivity
Sus`cep*tiv"i*ty (?), n. Capacity for receiving; susceptibility. [R.]
Wollaston.
Susceptor
Sus*cep"tor (?), n. [L. See Susceptible.] One who undertakes anything;
specifically, a godfather; a sponsor; a guardian. Puller. Shipley.
Suscipiency
Sus*cip"i*en*cy (?), n. Admission. [R.]
Suscipient
Sus*cip"i*ent (?), a. [L. suscipiens, p.pr. of suscipere. See
Susceptible.] Receiving; admitting. [R.]
Suscipient
Sus*cip"i*ent, n. One who takes or admits; one who receives. [R.] Jer.
Taylor.
Suscitability
Sus`ci*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capability of being suscitated;
excitability. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Suscitate
Sus"ci*tate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suscitated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Suscitating.] [L. suscitatus, p.p. of suscitare to lift up, to rouse;
pref. sus- (see Sub-) + citare to rouse, excite. Cf. Excite, Incite.]
To rouse; to excite; to call into life and action. [Obs.]
Suscitation
Sus`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L. suscitatio: cf. F. suscitation.] The act of
raising or exciting. [R.]
A mere suscitation or production of a thing. South.
Suslik
Sus"lik (?), n. [Russ. s\'a3slik'.] (Zo\'94l.) A ground squirrel
(Spermophilus citillus) of Europe and Asia. It has large cheek
pouches. [Written also souslik.]
Suspect
Sus*pect" (?), a. [L. suspectus, p.p. of suspicere to look up, admire,
esteem, to look at secretly or askance, to mistrust; sub under +
specere to look: cf. F. suspect suspected, suspicious. See Spy, and
cf. Suspicion.]
1. Suspicious; inspiring distrust. [Obs.]
Suspect [was] his face, suspect his word also. Chaucer.
2. Suspected; distrusted. [Obs.]
What I can do or offer is suspect. Milton.
Suspect
Sus*pect", n. [LL. suspectus. See Suspect, a.]
1. Suspicion. [Obs.] Chaucer.
So with suspect, with fear and grief, dismayed. Fairfax.
2. One who, or that which, is suspected; an object of suspicion; --
formerly applied to persons and things; now, only to persons suspected
of crime. Bacon.
Suspect
Sus*pect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suspected; p. pr. & vb. n. Suspecting.]
1. To imagine to exist; to have a slight or vague opinion of the
existence of, without proof, and often upon weak evidence or no
evidence; to mistrust; to surmise; -- commonly used regarding
something unfavorable, hurtful, or wrong; as, to suspect the presence
of disease.
Nothing makes a man suspect much, more than to know little; and
therefore men should remedy suspicion by producing to know more.
Bacon.
From her hand I could suspect no ill. Milton.
2. To imagine to be guilty, upon slight evidence, or without proof;
as, to suspect one of equivocation.
3. To hold to be uncertain; to doubt; to mistrust; to distruct; as, to
suspect the truth of a story. Addison.
4. To look up to; to respect. [Obs.] Syn. -- To mistrust; distrust;
surmise; doubt.
Suspect
Sus*pect", v. i. To imagine guilt; to have a suspicion or suspicions;
to be suspicious.
If I suspect without cause, why then make sport at time. Shak.
Suspectable
Sus*pect"a*ble (?), a. That may be suspected.
Suspected
Sus*pect"ed, a. Distrusted; doubted. -- Sus*pect"ed*ly, adv. --
Sus*pect"ed*ness, n.
Suspecter
Sus*pect"er (?), n. One who suspects.
Suspectful
Sus*pect"ful (?), a. Apt to suspect or mistrust; full of suspicion;
suspicious; as, to be suspectful of the motives of others. Milton. --
Sus*pect"ful*ness, n.
Suspection
Sus*pec"tion (?), n. Suspicion. [Obs.]
Suspectiousness
Sus*pec"tious*ness (?), n. Suspiciousness; cause for suspicion. [Obs.
& R.] Ld. Berners.
Suspectless
Sus*pect"less (?), a.
1. Not suspecting; having no suspicion. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.
2. Not suspected; not mistrusted. [R.] Beau. & Fl.
Suspend
Sus*pend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suspended; p. pr. & vb. n.
Suspending.] [F. suspendre, or OF. souspendre (where the prefix is L.
subtus below, from sub under), L. suspendere, suspensum; pref. sus-
(see Sub-) + pendere to hang. See Pedant, and cf. Suspense, n.]
1. To attach to something above; to hang; as, to suspend a ball by a
thread; to suspend a needle by a loadstone.
2. To make to depend; as, God hath suspended the promise of eternal
life on the condition of obedience and holiness of life. [Archaic]
Tillotson.
3. To cause to cease for a time; to hinder from proceeding; to
interrupt; to delay; to stay.
Suspend your indignation against my brother. Shak.
The guard nor fights nor fies; their fate so near At once suspends
their courage and their fear. Denham.
4. To hold in an undetermined or undecided state; as, to suspend one's
judgment or opinion. Locke.
5. To debar, or cause to withdraw temporarily, from any privilege,
from the execution of an office, from the enjoyment of income, etc.;
as, to suspend a student from college; to suspend a member of a club.
Good men should not be suspended from the exercise of their
ministry and deprived of their livelihood for ceremonies which are
on all hands acknowledged indifferent. Bp. Sanderson.
6. To cause to cease for a time from operation or effect; as, to
suspend the habeas corpus act; to suspend the rules of a legislative
body.
7. (Chem.) To support in a liquid, as an insoluble powder, by
stirring, to facilitate chemical action.
To suspend payment (Com.), to cease paying debts or obligations; to
fail; -- said of a merchant, a bank, etc. Syn. -- To hang; interrupt;
delay; intermit; stay; hinder; debar.
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Suspend
Sus*pend" (?), v. i. To cease from operation or activity; esp., to
stop payment, or be unable to meet obligations or engagements (said of
a commercial firm or a bank).
Suspender
Sus*pend"er (?), n. One who, or that which, suspends; esp., one of a
pair of straps or braces worn over the shoulders, for holding up the
trousers.
Suspensation
Sus`pen*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. suspensatio suspension from a charge
or benefice.] The act of suspending, or the state of being suspended,
especially for a short time; temporary suspension.
Suspense
Sus*pense" (?), a. [F. suspens, L. suspensus, p.p. of suspendere. See
Suspend.]
1. Held or lifted up; held or prevented from proceeding. [Obs.]
[The great light of day] suspense in heaven. Milton.
2. Expressing, or proceeding from, suspense or doubt. [Obs.]
"Expectation held his look suspense." Milton.
Suspense
Sus*pense", n. [From F. suspens, a. See Suspense, a.]
1. The state of being suspended; specifically, a state of uncertainty
and expectation, with anxiety or apprehension; indetermination;
indecision; as, the suspense of a person waiting for the verdict of a
jury.
Ten days the prophet in suspense remained. Denham.
Upon the ticklish balance of suspense. Cowper.
2. Cessation for a time; stop; pause.
A cool suspense from pleasure and from pain. Pope.
3. [Cf. F. suspense.] (Law) A temporary cessation of one's right;
suspension, as when the rent or other profits of land cease by unity
of possession of land and rent.
Suspense account (Bookkeeping), an account in which receipts or
disbursements are temporarily entered until their proper position in
the books is determined.
Suspensely
Sus*pense"ly, adv. In suspense. [Obs.] Hales.
Suspensibility
Sus*pen`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being suspensible.
Suspensible
Sus*pen"si*ble (?), a. Capable of being suspended; capable of being
held from sinking.
Suspension
Sus*pen"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. suspension, L. suspensio arched work,
imperfect pronunciation. See Suspend.]
1. The act of suspending, or the state of being suspended; pendency;
as, suspension from a hook.
2. Especially, temporary delay, interruption, or cessation; as: (a) Of
labor, study, pain, etc. (b) Of decision, determination, judgment,
etc.; as, to ask a suspension of judgment or opinion in view of
evidence to be produced. (c) Of the payment of what is due; as, the
suspension of a mercantile firm or of a bank. (d) Of punishment, or
sentence of punishment. (e) Of a person in respect of the exercise of
his office, powers, prerogative, etc.; as, the suspension of a student
or of a clergyman. (f) Of the action or execution of law, etc.; as,
the suspension of the habeas corpus act. <-- # each of the above
lettered definitions is elliptical; needs special handling for
analysis. -->
3. A conditional withholding, interruption, or delay; as, the
suspension of a payment on the performance of a condition.
4. The state of a solid when its particles are mixed with, but
undissolved in, a fluid, and are capable of separation by straining;
also, any substance in this state.
5. (Rhet.) A keeping of the hearer in doubt and in attentive
expectation of what is to follow, or of what is to be the inference or
conclusion from the arguments or observations employed.
6. (Scots Law) A stay or postponement of execution of a sentence
condemnatory by means of letters of suspension granted on application
to the lord ordinary.
7. (Mus.) The prolongation of one or more tones of a chord into the
chord which follows, thus producing a momentary discord, suspending
the concord which the ear expects. Cf. Retardation.
Pleas in suspension (Law), pleas which temporarily abate or suspend a
suit. -- Points of suspension (Mech.), the points, as in the axis or
beam of a balance, at which the weights act, or from which they are
suspended. -- Suspension bridge, a bridge supported by chains, ropes,
or wires, which usually pass over high piers or columns at each end,
and are secured in the ground beyond. -- Suspension of arms (Mil.), a
short truce or cessation of operations agreed on by the commanders of
contending armies, as for burying the dead, making proposal for
surrender or for peace, etc. -- Suspension scale, a scale in which the
platform hangs suspended from the weighing apparatus instead of
resting upon it. Syn. -- Delay; interruption; intermission; stop.
Suspensive
Sus*pen"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. suspensif. See Suspend.] Tending to
suspend, or to keep in suspense; causing interruption or delay;
uncertain; doubtful. "In suspensive thoughts." Beaumont. "A suspensive
veto." Macaulay.
The provisional and suspensive attitude. J. Morley.
Suspensive condition (Scots Law), a condition precedent, or a
condition without the performance of which the contract can not be
completed.
Suspensor
Sus*pen"sor (?), n. [NL.]
1. A suspensory.
2. (Bot.) The cord which suspends the embryo; and which is attached to
the radicle in the young state; the proembryo.
Suspensorium
Sus`pen*so"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Suspensoria (#). [NL.] (Anat.) Anything
which suspends or holds up a part: especially, the mandibular
suspensorium (a series of bones, or of cartilages representing them)
which connects the base of the lower jaw with the skull in most
vertebrates below mammals.
Suspensory
Sus*pen"so*ry (?), a.
1. Suspended; hanging; depending.
2. Fitted or serving to suspend; suspending; as, a suspensory muscle.
Ray.
3. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a suspensorium.
Suspensory
Sus*pen"so*ry, n. [Cf. F. suspensoir, suspensoire.] That which
suspends, or holds up, as a truss; specifically (Med.), a bandage or
bag for supporting the scrotum.
Suspicable
Sus"pi*ca*ble (?), a. [L. suspacabilis, fr. suspicari to suspect, akin
to suspicere. See Suspect, v. t.] Liable to suspicion; suspicious.
[Obs.]
It is a very suspicable business. Dr. H. more.
Suspiciency
Sus*pi"cien*cy (?), n. [From L. suspiciens, p.pr. of suspicere. See
Suspect, v. t.] Suspiciousness; suspicion. [Obs.] Hopkins.
Suspicion
Sus*pi"cion (?), n. [OE. suspecioun, OF. souspe\'87on, F. soup\'87on,
L. suspectio a looking up to, an esteeming highly, suspicion, fr.
suspicere to look up, to esteem, to mistrust. The modern form
suspicion in English and French is in imitation of L. suspicio
mistrust, suspicion. See Suspect, and cf. Suspicious.]
1. The act of suspecting; the imagination or apprehension of the
existence of something (esp. something wrong or hurtful) without
proof, or upon very slight evidence, or upon no evidence.
Suspicions among thoughts are like bats among birds, they ever fly
by twilight. Bacon.
2. Slight degree; suggestion; hint. [Colloq.]
The features are mild but expressive, with just a suspicion . . .
of saturnine or sarcastic humor. A. W. Ward.
Syn. -- Jealousy; distrust; mistrust; diffidence; doubt.
Suspicion
Sus*pi"cion, v. t. To view with suspicion; to suspect; to doubt. [Obs.
or Low] South.
Suspicious
Sus*pi"cious (?), a. [OE. suspecious; cf. L. suspiciosus. See
Suspicion.]
1. Inclined to suspect; given or prone to suspicion; apt to imagine
without proof.
Nature itself, after it has done an injury, will ever be
suspicious; and no man can love the person he suspects. South.
Many mischievous insects are daily at work to make men of merit
suspicious of each other. Pope.
2. Indicating suspicion, mistrust, or fear.
We have a suspicious, fearful, constrained countenance. Swift.
3. Liable to suspicion; adapted to raise suspicion; giving reason to
imagine ill; questionable; as, an author of suspicious innovations;
suspicious circumstances.
I spy a black, suspicious, threatening could. Shak.
Syn. -- Jealous; distrustful; mistrustful; doubtful; questionable. See
Jealous. -- Sus*pi"cious*ly, adv. -- Sus*pi"cious*ness, n.
Suspiral
Sus*pir"al (?), n. [From Suspire.]
1. A breathing hole; a vent or ventiduct.
2. A spring of water passing under ground toward a cistern or conduit.
Suspiration
Sus`pi*ra"tion (?), n. [L. suspiratio. See Suspire.] The act of
sighing, or fetching a long and deep breath; a deep respiration; a
sigh.
Windy suspiration of forced breath. Shak.
Suspire
Sus*pire" (?), v. i. [L. suspirare to breathe out, to sigh; sub under
+ spirare to breathe: cf. F. souspirer, OF. souspirer.] To fetch a
long, deep breath; to sigh; to breathe. Shak.
Fireflies that suspire In short, soft lapses of transported flame.
Mrs. Browning.
Suspire
Sus*pire", n. [Cf. L. suspirium.] A long, deep breath; a sigh. [Obs.]
Suspired
Sus*pired" (?), a. Ardently desired or longed for; earnestly coveted.
[Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
Sustain
Sus*tain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sustained (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sustaining.] [OE. sustenen, susteinen, OF. sustenir, sostenir, F.
soutenir (the French prefix is properly fr. L. subtus below, fr. sub
under), L. sustinere; pref. sus- (see Sub-) + tenere to hold. See
Tenable, and cf. Sustenance.]
1. To keep from falling; to bear; to uphold; to support; as, a
foundation sustains the superstructure; a beast sustains a load; a
rope sustains a weight.
Every pillar the temple to sustain. Chaucer.
2. Hence, to keep from sinking, as in despondence, or the like; to
support.
No comfortable expectations of another life to sustain him under
the evils in this world. Tillotson.
3. To maintain; to keep alive; to support; to subsist; to nourish; as,
provisions to sustain an army.
4. To aid, comfort, or relieve; to vindicate. Shak.
His sons, who seek the tyrant to sustain. Dryden.
5. To endure without failing or yielding; to bear up under; as, to
sustain defeat and disappointment.
6. To suffer; to bear; to undergo.
Shall Turnus, then, such endless toil sustain? Dryden.
You shall sustain more new disgraces. Shak.
7. To allow the prosecution of; to admit as valid; to sanction; to
continue; not to dismiss or abate; as, the court sustained the action
or suit.
8. To prove; to establish by evidence; to corroborate or confirm; to
be conclusive of; as, to sustain a charge, an accusation, or a
proposition. Syn. -- To support; uphold; subsist; assist; relieve;
suffer; undergo.
Sustain
Sus*tain" (?), n. One who, or that which, upholds or sustains; a
sustainer. [Obs.]
I waked again, for my sustain was the Lord. Milton.
Sustainable
Sus*tain"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. soutenable, OF. soustenable.] Capable
of being sustained or maintained; as, the action is not sustainable.
Sustained
Sus*tained" (?), a. Held up to a certain pitch, degree, or level;
uniform; as, sustained pasion; a sustained style of writing; a
sustained note in music.
Sustainer
Sus*tain"er (?), n. One who, or that which, sustains. Waterland.
Sustainment
Sus*tain"ment (?), n. The act of sustaining; maintenance; support.
Milton. Lowell.
Sustaltic
Sus*tal"tic (?), a. [Gr. Mournful; -- said of a species of music among
the ancient Greeks. Busby.
Sustenance
Sus"te*nance (?), n. [OF. sustenance, sostenance, soustenance: cf. L.
sustenentia endurance. See Sustain.]
1. The act of sustaining; support; maintenance; subsistence; as, the
sustenance of the body; the sustenance of life.
2. That which supports life; food; victuals; provisions; means of
living; as, the city has ample sustenance. "A man of little
sustenance." Chaucer.
For lying is thy sustenance, thy food. Milton.
Sustentacle
Sus*ten"ta*cle (?), n. [L. sustentaculum. See Sustentation.]
Sustenance. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Sustentacular
Sus`ten*tac"u*lar (?), a. [See Sustenance.] (Anat.) Supporting;
sustaining; as, a sustentacular tissue.
Sustentate
Sus"ten*tate (?), v. t. To sustain. [R.] C. Reade.
Sustentation
Sus`ten*ta"tion (?), n. [L. sustentatio sustenance, maintenance, fr.
sustentare to support, maintain, v. intens. fr. sustinere to sustain:
cf. F. sustentation. See Sustain.]
1. The act of sustaining, or the state of being sustained;
preservation from falling; support; sustenance; maintenance.
2. (Physiol.) The aggregate of the functions by which a living
organism is maintained in a normal condition of weight and growth.
Sustentation fund (Eccl.), a fund of a religious body for support of
its ministers, chapels, etc.; as, the sustentation fund of the Free
Church of Scotland.
Sustentative
Sus"ten*ta*tive (?), a. Adapted to sustain, strengthen, or
corroborate; as, sustentative citations or quotations. Sustentative
functions (Physiol.), those functions of the body which affect its
material composition and thus determine its mass.
Sustention
Sus*ten"tion (?), n. Sustentation. [R. or Colloq.]
In fine images, in sustention, in irony, they surpass anything that
Burke ever wrote. J. Morley.
Suster, Sustre
Sus"ter, Sus"tre (?), n.; pl. Susters (, Sustres, OR Sustren (.
Sister. [Obs.] Chaucer.
There are seven sustren, that serve truth ever. Piers Plowman.
Susu
Su"su (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Soosoo.
Susurrant
Su*sur"rant (?), a. [L. susurrans, p.pr. from susurrare to whisper.]
Whispering. [R.] "The soft susurrant sigh." Poetry of Anti-Jacobin.
Susurration
Su`sur*ra"tion (?), n. [L. susurratio, fr. susurrare to whisper: cf.
F. susurration.] A whispering; a soft murmur. "Soft susurrations of
the trees." Howell.
Susurringly
Su*sur"ring*ly (?), adv. In the manner of a whisper. [Obs.]
Susurrous
Su*sur"rous (?), a. [L. susurrus.] Whispering; rustling; full of
whispering sounds. [R.]
Susurrus
Su*sur"rus (?), n. [L.] The act of whispering; a whisper; a murmur. De
Quincey.
The soft susurrus and sighs of the branches. Longfellow.
Sutile
Su"tile (?), a. [L. sutilis, fr. suere to sew: cf. F. sutile.] Done by
stitching. [R.] Boswell.
Sutler
Sut"ler (?), n. [D. zoetelaar, OD. soetelaar, a small trader,
especially in camps, fr. soetelen to undertake low offices; cf. G.
sudeln to do dirty work, to sully, soil, E. suds.] A person who
follows an army, and sells to the troops provisions, liquors, and the
like.
Sutlership
Sut"ler*ship, n. The condition or occupation of a sutler.
Sutling
Sut"ling (?), a. Belonging to sutlers; engaged in the occupation of a
sutler. Addison.
Sutor
Su"tor (?), n. A kind of sirup made by the Indians of Arizona from the
fruit of some cactaceous plant (probably the Cereus giganteus).
Sutra
Su"tra (?), n.; pl. Sutras (#). [Skr. s a thread, a string of rules;
an aphorism; fr. siv to sew.]
1. (a) A precept; an aphorism; a brief rule. (b) A collection of such
aphorisms.
2. pl. A body of Hindoo literature containing aphorisms on grammar,
meter, law, and philosophy, and forming a connecting link between the
Vedic and later Sanscrit literature. Balfour (Cyc. of India).
Suttee
Sut*tee" (?), n. [Skr. sat\'c6 a faithful wife, fem. of sant existing,
real, true, good, p.pr. of as to be. Cf. Sooth.]
1. A Hindoo widow who immolates herself, or is immolated, on the
funeral pile of her husband; -- so called because this act of
self-immolation is regarded as envincing excellence of wifely
character. [India]
2. The act of burning a widow on the funeral pile of her husband.
[India]
NOTE: &hand; The practice, though abolished in British India law in
1829, is not wholly prevented.
Sutteeism
Sut*tee"ism (?), n. The practice of self-immolation of widows in
Hindostan.
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Suttle
Sut"tle (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Com.) The weight when the tare
has been deducted, and tret is yet to be allowed. M
Suttle
Sut"tle, v. i. [See Sutler.] To act as sutler; to supply provisions
and other articles to troops.
Sutural
Su"tur*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sutural, NL. suturals.]
1. Of or pertaining to a suture, or seam.
2. (Bot.) Taking place at a suture; as, a sutural de.
Suturally
Su"tur*al*ly, adv. In a sutural manner.
Suturated
Su"tur*a`ted (?), a. Sewed or knit together; united by a suture;
stitched.
Suture
Su"ture (?), n. [L. sutura, fr. suere, sutum, to sew or stitch: cf. F.
suture. See Sew to unite with thread.]
1. The act of sewing; also, the line along which two things or parts
are sewed together, or are united so as to form a seam, or that which
resembles a seam.
2. (Surg.) (a) The uniting of the parts of a wound by stitching. (b)
The stitch by which the parts are united.
3. (Anat.) The line of union, or seam, in an immovable articulation,
like those between the bones of the skull; also, such an articulation
itself; synarthrosis. See Harmonic suture, under Harmonic.
4. (Bot.) (a) The line, or seam, formed by the union of two margins in
any part of a plant; as, the ventral suture of a legume. (b) A line
resembling a seam; as, the dorsal suture of a legume, which really
corresponds to a midrib.
5. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The line at which the elytra of a beetle meet and
are sometimes confluent. (b) A seam, or impressed line, as between the
segments of a crustacean, or between the whorls of a univalve shell.
Glover's suture, Harmonic suture, etc. See under Glover, Harmonic,
etc.
Sutured
Su"tured (?), a. Having a suture or sutures; knit or united together.
Pennant.
Suwarrow
Su*war"row (?), n. (Bot.) The giant cactus (Cereus giganteus); -- so
named by the Indians of Arizona. Called also saguaro. <-- Saguaro is
the most common now -->
Suzerain
Su"ze*rain (?), n. [F., formed fr. sus above, L. susum, sursum (fr.
sub under + versum, p.p. of vertere to turn), after the analogy of
souverain, E. sovereign. See Sub-, and Verse.] A superior lord, to
whom fealty is due; a feudal lord; a lord paramount.
Suzerainty
Su"ze*rain*ty (?), n. [F. suzerainet\'82.] The dominion or authority
of a suzerain; paramount authority.
Swa
Swa (sw&aum;), adv. [See So.] So. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swab
Swab (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swabbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swabbing.]
[See Swabber, n.] To clean with a mop or swab; to wipe when very wet,
as after washing; as, to swab the desk of a ship. [Spelt also swob.]
Swab
Swab, n. [Written also swob.]
1. A kind of mop for cleaning floors, the desks of vessels, etc., esp.
one made of rope-yarns or threads.
2. A bit of sponge, cloth, or the like, fastened to a handle, for
cleansing the mouth of a sick person, applying medicaments to
deep-seated parts, etc.
3. (Naut.) An epaulet. [Sailor's Slang] Marryat.
4. A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease. [Obs.] Bailey.
5. A sponge, or other suitable substance, attached to a long rod or
handle, for cleaning the bore of a firearm.
Swabber
Swab"ber (?), v. t. To swab. [R.]
Swabber
Swab"ber, n. [D. zwabber; cf.D. zwabberen to swab, G. schwabbern, Dan.
svabre, Sw. svab a swab, svabla to swab.]
1. One who swabs a floor or desk. Shak.
2. (Naut.) Formerly, an interior officer on board of British ships of
war, whose business it was to see that the ship was kept clean.
3. Same as Swobber, 2.
Swad
Swad (?), n. [Probably fr. AS. swe to bind.] [Written also swod.]
1. A cod, or pod, as of beans or pease. [Prov. Eng.]
Swad, in the north, is a peascod shell -- thence used for an empty,
shallow-headed fellow. Blount.
2. A clown; a country bumpkin. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "Country swains,
and silly swads." Greene.
There was one busy fellow was their leader, A blunt, squat swad,
but lower than yourself. B. Jonson.
3. A lump of mass; also, a crowd. [Low, U.S.]
4. (Coal Mining) A thin layer of refuse at the bottom of a seam.
Raymond.
Swaddle
Swad"dle (?), n. [AS. swe, swe, fr. swe to bind. See Swathe.] Anything
used to swaddle with, as a cloth or band; a swaddling band.
They put me in bed in all my swaddles. Addison.
Swaddle
Swad"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swaddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swaddling
(?).]
1. To bind as with a bandage; to bind or warp tightly with clothes; to
swathe; -- used esp. of infants; as, to swaddle a baby.
They swaddled me up in my nightgown with long pieces of linen.
Addison.
2. To beat; to cudgel. [Obs.] Hudibras.
Swaddlebill
Swad"dle*bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The shoveler. [Local, U.S.]
Swaddler
Swad"dler (?), n. A term of contempt for an Irish Methodist. Shipley.
Swaddling
Swad"dling (?), a. & n. from Swaddle, v. Swaddling band, Swaddling
cloth, OR Swaddling clout, a band or cloth wrapped round an infant,
especially round a newborn infant.
Ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a
manger. Luke ii. 12.
Swag
Swag (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swagging
(?).] [Cf. Icel. sveggja, sveigja to bend, to sway, Norw. svaga to
sway. See Sway.]
1. To hang or move, as something loose and heavy; to sway; to swing.
[Prov. Eng.]
2. To sink down by its weight; to sag. Sir H. Wotton.
I swag as a fat person's belly swaggeth as he goeth. Palsgrave.
Swag
Swag, n.
1. A swaying, irregular motion.
2. A burglar's or thief's booty; boodle. [Cant or Slang] Charles
Reade.
Swag-bellied
Swag"-bel`lied (?), a. Having a prominent, overhanging belly. Shak.
Swagbelly
Swag"bel`ly (?), n.
1. A prominent, overhanging belly. Smollett.
2. (Med.) Any large tumor developed in the abdomen, and neither
fluctuating nor sonorous. Dunglison.
Swage
Swage (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Swaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swaging (?).] [Equiv. to suage, abbrev. fr. assuage.] See Assuage.
[Obs.]
Swage
Swage, n. A tool, variously shaped or grooved on the end or face, used
by blacksmiths and other workers in metals, for shaping their work,
whether sheet metal or forging, by holding the swage upon the work, or
the work upon the swage, and striking with a sledge. Swage block, a
perforated block of iron, having grooved sides and adapted for use in
heading bolts and swaging objects of large size.
Swage
Swage, v. t. To shape by means of a swage; to fashion, as a piece of
iron, by forcing it into a groove or mold having the required shape.
Swagger
Swag"ger (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swaggered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swaggering.] [Freq. of swag.]
1. To walk with a swaying motion; hence, to walk and act in a pompous,
consequential manner.
A man who swaggers about London clubs. Beaconsfield.
2. To boast or brag noisily; to be ostentatiously proud or
vainglorious; to bluster; to bully.
What a pleasant it is . . . to swagger at the bar! Arbuthnot.
To be great is not . . . to swagger at our footmen. Colier.
Swagger
Swag"ger, v. t. To bully. [R.] Swift.
Swagger
Swag"ger, n. The act or manner of a swaggerer.
He gave a half swagger, half leer, as he stepped forth to receive
us. W. Irving.
Swaggerer
Swag"ger*er (?), n. One who swaggers; a blusterer; a bully; a
boastful, noisy fellow. Shak.
Swaggy
Swag"gy (?), a. Inclined to swag; sinking, hanging, or leaning by its
weight. Sir T. Browne.
Swain
Swain (?), n. [OE. swain, swein, Icel. sveinn a boy, servant; akin to
Sw. sven, Dan. svend, AS. sw\'ben, OHG. swein.]
1. A servant. [Obs.]
Him behoves serve himself that has no swain. Chaucer.
2. A young man dwelling in the country; a rustic; esp., a cuntry
gallant or lover; -- chiefly in poetry.
It were a happy life To be no better than a homely swain. Shak.
Blest swains! whose nymphs in every grace excel. Pope.
Swainish
Swain"ish, a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a swain; rustic; ignorant.
"An ungentle and swainish beast." Milton. -- Swain"ish*ness, n.
Emerson.
Swainling
Swain"ling (?), n. A little swain. [R.]
Swainmote
Swain"mote` (?), n. [Swain + mote meeting: cf. LL. swanimotum.] (Eng.
Forest Law) A court held before the verders of the forest as judges,
by the steward of the court, thrice every year, the swains, or
freeholders, within the forest composing the jury. [Written also
swanimote, and sweinmote.] Blackstone.
Swainship
Swain"ship, n. The condition of a swain.
Swaip
Swaip (?), v. i. [Cf. Sweep.] To walk proudly; to sweep along. [Prov.
Eng.] Todd.
Swal
Swal (?), obs. imp. of Swell. Swelled. Chaucer.
Swale
Swale (?), n. [Cf. Icel. svalr cool, svala to cool.] A valley or low
place; a tract of low, and usually wet, land; a moor; a fen. [Prov.
Eng. & Local, U.S.]
Swale
Swale, v. i. & t. To melt and waste away; to singe. See Sweal, v.
Swale
Swale, n. A gutter in a candle. [Prov. Eng.]
Swallet
Swal"let (?), n. [Cf. G. schwall a sea swell, from schwellen to swell,
E. swell.] Water breaking in upon the miners at their work; -- so
called among tin miners. [Prov. Eng.]
Swallow
Swal"low (?), n. [OE. swalowe, AS. swalewe, swealwe; akin to D.
zwaluw, OHG. swalawa, G. schwalbe, Icel. & Sw. svala, Dan. svale.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of passerine birds of the
family Hirundinid\'91, especially one of those species in which the
tail is deeply forked. They have long, pointed wings, and are noted
for the swiftness and gracefulness of their flight.
NOTE: &hand; Th e mo st co mmon North American species are the barn
swallow (see under Barn), the cliff, or eaves, swallow (see under
Cliff), the white-bellied, or tree, swallow (Tachycineta bicolor),
and the bank swallow (see under Bank). The common European swallow
(Chelidon rustica), and the window swallow, or martin (Chelidon
urbica), are familiar species.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of swifts which resemble the
true swallows in form and habits, as the common American chimney
swallow, or swift.
3. (Naut.) The aperture in a block through which the rope reeves. Ham.
Nav. Encyc.
Swallow plover (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species of fork-tailed
ploverlike birds of the genus Glareola, as G. orientalis of India; a
pratincole. -- Swallow shrike (Zo\'94l.), any one of several species
of East Indian and Asiatic birds of the family Artamiid\'91, allied to
the shrikes but similar to swallows in appearance and habits. The ashy
swallow shrike (Artamus fuscus) is common in India. -- Swallow warbler
(Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species of East Indian and Australian
singing birds of the genus Dic\'91um. They are allied to the
honeysuckers.
Swallow
Swal"low (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swallowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swallowing.] [OE. swolewen, swolwen, swolhen, AS. swelgan; akin to D.
zwelgen, OHG. swelahan, swelgan, G. schwelgen to feast, to revel,
Icel. svelgia to swallow, SW. sv\'84lja, Dan. sv\'91lge. Cf. Groundsel
a plant.]
1. To take into the stomach; to receive through the gullet, or
esophagus, into the stomach; as, to swallow food or drink.
As if I had swallowed snowballs for pills. Shak.
2. To draw into an abyss or gulf; to ingulf; to absorb -- usually
followed by up. Milton.
The earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them up, and their
houses. Num. xvi. 32.
3. To receive or embrace, as opinions or belief, without examination
or scruple; to receive implicitly.
Though that story . . . be not so readily swallowed. Sir T. Browne.
4. To engross; to appropriate; -- usually with up.
Homer excels . . . in this, that he swallowed up the honor of those
who succeeded him. Pope.
5. To occupy; to take up; to employ.
The necessary provision of the life swallows the greatest part of
their time. Locke.
6. To seize and waste; to exhaust; to consume.
Corruption swallowed what the liberal hand Of bounty scattered.
Thomson.
7. To retract; to recant; as, to swallow one's opinions. "Swallowed
his vows whole." Shak.
8. To put up with; to bear patiently or without retaliation; as, to
swallow an affront or insult. Syn. -- To absorb; imbibe; ingulf;
engross; consume. See Absorb.
Swallow
Swal"low, v. i. To perform the act of swallowing; as, his cold is so
severe he is unable to swallow.
Swallow
Swal"low, n.
1. The act of swallowing.
2. The gullet, or esophagus; the throat.
3. Taste; relish; inclination; liking. [Colloq.]
I have no swallow for it. Massinger.
4. Capacity for swallowing; voracity.
There being nothing too gross for the swallow of political rancor.
Prof. Wilson.
5. As much as is, or can be, swallowed at once; as, a swallow of
water.
6. That which ingulfs; a whirlpool. [Obs.] Fabyan.
Swallower
Swal"low*er (?), n. One who swallows; also, a glutton. Tatler.
Swallowfish
Swal"low*fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European sapphirine gurnard
(Trigla hirundo). It has large pectoral fins.
Swallowtail
Swal"low*tail` (?), n.
1. (Carp.) A kind of tenon or tongue used in making joints. See
Dovetail.
2. (Bot.) A species of willow.
3. (Fort.) An outwork with converging sides, its head or front forming
a re\'89ntrant angle; -- so called from its form. Called also
priestcap.
4. A swallow-tailed coat.
This Stultz coat, a blue swallowtail, with yellow buttons.
Thackeray.
5. An arrow. Sir W. Scott.
6. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large and handsome
butterflies, belonging to Papilio and allied genera, in which the
posterior border of each hind wing is prolongated in the form of a
long lobe.
NOTE: &hand; Th e black swallowtail, or asterias (see Papilio), the
blue swallowtail, or philenor, the tiger swallowtail, or turnus
(see Turnus), and the zebra swallowtail, or ajax (see under Zebra)
are common American species. See also Troilus.
Swallow-tailed
Swal"low-tailed` (?), a.
1. Having a tail like that of a swallow; hence, like a swallow's tail
in form; having narrow and tapering or pointed skirts; as, a
swallow-tailed coat.
2. (Carp.) United by dovetailing; dovetailed.
Swallow-tailed duck (Zo\'94l.), the old squaw. -- Swallow-tailed gull
(Zo\'94l.), an Arctic gull (Xema furcata), which has a deeply forked
tail. -- Swallow-tailed hawk OR kite (Zo\'94l.), the fork-tailed kite.
-- Swallow-tailed moth (Zo\'94l.), a European moth (Urapteryx
sambucaria) having tail-like lobes on the hind wings.
Swallowwort
Swal"low*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) See Celandine. (b) A poisonous plant
(Vincetoxicum officinale) of the Milkweed family, at one time used in
medicine; -- also called white swallowwort. African swallowwort, a
plant of the genus Stapelia.
Swam
Swam (?), imp. of Swim.
Swamp
Swamp (?), n. [Cf. AS. swam a fungus, OD. swam a sponge, D. zwam a
fungus, G. schwamm a sponge, Icel. sv\'94ppr, Dan. & Sw. swamp, Goth.
swamms, Gr. somfo`s porous, spongy.] Wet, spongy land; soft, low
ground saturated with water, but not usually covered with it; marshy
ground away from the seashore.
Gray swamps and pools, waste places of the hern. Tennyson.
A swamp differs from a bog and a marsh in producing trees and
shrubs, while the latter produce only herbage, plants, and mosses.
Farming Encyc. (E. Edwards, Words).
Swamp blackbird. (Zo\'94l.) See Redwing (b). -- Swamp cabbage (Bot.),
skunk cabbage. -- Swamp deer (Zo\'94l.), an Asiatic deer (Rucervus
Duvaucelli) of India. -- Swamp hen. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An Australian
azure-breasted bird (Porphyrio bellus); -- called also goollema. (b)
An Australian water crake, or rail (Porzana Tabuensis); -- called also
little swamp hen. (c) The European purple gallinule. -- Swamp
honeysuckle (Bot.), an American shrub (Azalea, OR Rhododendron,
viscosa) growing in swampy places, with fragrant flowers of a white
color, or white tinged with rose; -- called also swamp pink. -- Swamp
hook, a hook and chain used by lumbermen in handling logs. Cf. Cant
hook. -- Swamp itch. (Med.) See Prairie itch, under Prairie. -- Swamp
laurel (Bot.), a shrub (Kalmia glauca) having small leaves with the
lower surface glaucous. -- Swamp maple (Bot.), red maple. See Maple.
-- Swamp oak (Bot.), a name given to several kinds of oak which grow
in swampy places, as swamp Spanish oak (Quercus palustris), swamp
white oak (Q. bicolor), swamp post oak (Q. lyrata). -- Swamp ore
(Min.), big ore; limonite. -- Swamp partridge (Zo\'94l.), any one of
several Australian game birds of the genera Synoicus and Excalfatoria,
allied to the European partridges. -- Swamp robin (Zo\'94l.), the
chewink. -- Swamp sassafras (Bot.), a small North American tree of the
genus Magnolia (M. glauca) with aromatic leaves and fragrant
creamy-white blossoms; -- called also sweet bay. -- Swamp sparrow
(Zo\'94l.), a common North American sparrow (Melospiza Georgiana, or
M. palustris), closely resembling the song sparrow. It lives in low,
swampy places. -- Swamp willow. (Bot.) See Pussy willow, under Pussy.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1456
Swamp
Swamp (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swamped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swamping.]
1. To plunge or sink into a swamp.
2. (Naut.) To cause (a boat) to become filled with water; to capsize
or sink by whelming with water.
3. Fig.: To plunge into difficulties and perils; to overwhelm; to
ruin; to wreck.
The Whig majority of the house of Lords was swamped by the creation
of twelve Tory peers. J. R. Green.
Having swamped himself in following the ignis fatuus of a theory.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Swamp
Swamp, v. i.
1. To sink or stick in a swamp; figuratively, to become involved in
insuperable difficulties.
2. To become filled with water, as a boat; to founder; to capsize or
sink; figuratively, to be ruined; to be wrecked.
Swampy
Swamp"y (?), a. Consisting of swamp; like a swamp; low, wet, and
spongy; as, swampy land.
Swan
Swan (?), n. [AS. swan; akin to D. zwaan, OHG. swan, G. schwan, Icel.
svanr, Sw. svan, Dan. svane; and perhaps to E. sound something
audible.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large aquatic birds
belonging to Cygnus, Olor, and allied genera of the subfamily
Cygnin\'91. They have a large and strong beak and a long neck, and are
noted for their graceful movements when swimming. Most of the northern
species are white. In literature the swan was fabled to sing a
melodious song, especially at the time of its death.
NOTE: &hand; Th e Eu ropean wh ite, or mute, swan (Cygnus gibbus),
which is most commonly domesticated, bends its neck in an S-shaped
curve. The whistling, or trumpeting, swans of the genus Olor do not
bend the neck in an S-shaped curve, and are noted for their loud
and sonorous cry, due to complex convolutions of the windpipe. To
this genus belong the European whooper, or whistling swan (Olor
cygnus), the American whistling swan (O. Columbianus), and the
trumpeter swan (O. buccinator). The Australian black swan (Chenopis
atrata) is dull black with white on the wings, and has the bill
carmine, crossed with a white band. It is a very graceful species
and is often domesticated. The South American black-necked swan
(Sthenelides melancorypha) is a very beautiful and graceful
species, entirely white, except the head and neck, which are dark
velvety seal-brown. Its bill has a double bright rose-colored knob.
2. Fig.: An appellation for a sweet singer, or a poet noted for grace
and melody; as Shakespeare is called the swan of Avon.
3. (Astron.) The constellation Cygnus.
Swan goose (Zo\'94l.), a bird of India (Cygnopsis cygnoides)
resembling both the swan and the goose. -- Swan shot, a large size of
shot used in fowling.
Swang
Swang (?), obs. imp. of Swing.
Swang
Swang, n. [Cf. Swamp.] A swamp. [Prov. Eng.]
Swanherd
Swan"herd` (?), n. One who tends or marks swans; as, the royal
swanherd of England.
Swan-hopping
Swan"-hop`ping (?), n. A corruption of Swan-upping. [Eng.] Encyc.
Brit.
Swanimote
Swan"i*mote (?), n. (Eng. Forest Law) See Swainmote.
Swankie, Swanky
Swank"ie, Swank"y (?), n. [Cf. G. schwank flexible, pliant.] An active
and clever young fellow. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
Swanlike
Swan"like` (?), a. Resembling a swan.
Swanmark
Swan"mark` (?), n. A mark of ownership cut on the bill or swan. [Eng.]
Encyc. Brit.
Swannery
Swan"ner*y (?), n. A place where swans are bred. "The largest swannery
in England." Encyc. Brit.
Swanny
Swan"ny (?), a. Swanlike; as, a swanny glossiness of the neck.
Richardson.
Swanpan
Swan"pan (?), n. [Cf. Schwanpan.] The Chinese abacus; a schwanpan.<--
also, suan-pan --> S. W. Williams.
Swan's-down, OR Swans-down
Swan's"-down` (?), OR Swans"-down`, n.
1. The down, or fine, soft feathers, of the swan, used on various
articles of dress.
2. A fine, soft, thick cloth of wool mixed with silk or cotton; a sort
of twilled fustian, like moleskin.
Swan's-down cotton. See Cotton flannel, under Cotton.
Swanskin
Swan"skin` (?), n.
1. The act of a swan with the down or the feathers on.
2. A species of soft flannel, thick and warm.
Swan-upping
Swan"-up`ping (?), n. A yearly expedition on the Thames to take up
young swans and mark them, as by Companies of Dyers and Vintners; --
called also swan-hopping. [Eng.] Encyc. Brit.
Swap
Swap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swapping.]
[OE. swappen to strike; cf. E. to strike a bargain; perh. akin to E.
sweep. Cf. Swap a blow, Swap, v. i.] [Written also swop.]
1. To strike; -- with off. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] "Swap off his head!"
Chaucer.
2. To exchange (usually two things of the same kind); to swop.
[Colloq.] Miss Edgeworth.
Swap
Swap, v. i. [Cf. Swap, v. t.]
1. To fall or descend; to rush hastily or violently. C. Richardson
(Dict.).
All suddenly she swapt adown to ground. Chaucer.
2. To beat the air, or ply the wings, with a sweeping motion or noise;
to flap.
Swap
Swap, n. [Cf. G. schwapp, n., a slap, swap, schwapp, schwapps,
interj., slap! smack! and E. swap, v.t.]
1. A blow; a stroke. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
2. An exchange; a barter. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.
Swap
Swap, adv. [See Swap, n.] Hastily. [Prov. Eng.]
Swape
Swape (?), n. See Sweep, n., 12.
Sward
Sward (?), n. [AS. sweard skin, covering; akin to OFries. swarge, D.
zwoord, G. schwarte, Icel. sv\'94r skin, sward of the earth.]
1. Skin; covering. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
2. The grassy surface of land; that part of the soil which is filled
with the roots of grass; turf.
The sward was trim as any garden lawn. Tennyson.
Sward pork, bacon in large fitches. [Prov. Eng.]
Sward
Sward, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Swarded (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swarding.] To produce sward upon; to cover, or be covered, with sward.
Mortimer.
Sward-cutter
Sward"-cut`ter (?), n. (a) A plow for turning up grass land. (b) A
lawn mower.
Swarded
Sward"ed, a. Covered with sward. Mrs. Browning.
Swardy
Sward"y (?), a. Covered with sward or grass.
Sware
Sware (?), imp. of Swear. [Obs. or Poetic]
Cophetua sware a royal oath. Tennyson.
Swarf
Swarf (?), v. i. [Cf. Swerve.] To grow languid; to faint. [Scot.] "To
swarf for very hunger." Sir W. Scott.
Swarf
Swarf, n. [Cf. Swerve.] The grit worn away from grindstones in
grinding cutlery wet. [Prov. Eng.]
Swarm
Swarm (?), v. i. [Cf. Swerve.] To climb a tree, pole, or the like, by
embracing it with the arms and legs alternately. See Shin. [Colloq.]
At the top was placed a piece of money, as a prize for those who
could swarm up and seize it. W. Coxe.
Swarm
Swarm, n. [OE. swarm, AS. swearm; akin to D. zwerm, G. schwarm, OHG.
swaram, Icel. svarmr a tumult, Sw. sv\'84rm a swarm, Dan. sv\'91rm,
and G. schwirren to whiz, to buzz, Skr. svar to sound, and perhaps to
E. swear. \'fb177. Cf. Swerve, Swirl.]
1. A large number or mass of small animals or insects, especially when
in motion. "A deadly swarm of hornets." Milton.
2. Especially, a great number of honeybees which emigrate from a hive
at once, and seek new lodgings under the direction of a queen; a like
body of bees settled permanently in a hive. "A swarm of bees."
Chaucer.
3. Hence, any great nimber or multitude, as of people in motion, or
sometimes of inanimate objects; as, a swarm of meteorites.
Those prodigious swarms that had settled themselves in every part
of it [Italy]. Addison.
Syn. -- Multitude; crowd; throng.
Swarm
Swarm, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swarmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swarming.]
1. To collect, and depart from a hive by flight in a body; -- said of
bees; as, bees swarm in warm, clear days in summer.
2. To appear or collect in a crowd; to throng together; to congregate
in a multitude. Chaucer.
3. To be crowded; to be thronged with a multitude of beings in motion.
Every place swarms with soldiers. Spenser.
4. To abound; to be filled (with). Atterbury.
5. To breed multitudes.
Not so thick swarmed once the soil Bedropped with blood of Gorgon.
Milton.
Swarm
Swarm, v. t. To crowd or throng. Fanshawe.
Swarmspore
Swarm"spore` (?), n.
1. (Bot.) One of innumerable minute, motile, reproductive bodies,
produced asexually by certain alg\'91 and fungi; a zo\'94spore.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the minute flagellate germs produced by the
sporulation of a protozoan; -- called also zo\'94spore.
Swart
Swart (?), n. Sward. [Obs.] Holinshed.
Swart
Swart (?), a. [OE. swart, AS. sweart black; akin to OFries, OS. & LG.
swart, D. zwart, G. schwartz, OHG. swarz, Icel. svarir, Sw. svart,
Dan. sort, Goth. swarts; cf. L. sordes dirt, sordere to be dirty. Cf.
Sordid, Surd.]
1. Of a dark hue; moderately black; swarthy; tawny. "Swart
attendants." Trench. "Swart savage maids." Hawthorne.
A nation strange, with visage swart. Spenser.
2. Gloomy; malignant. [Obs.] Milton.
Swart star, the Dog Star; -- so called from its appearing during the
hot weather of summer, which makes swart the countenance. [R.] Milton.
Swart
Swart, v. t. To make swart or tawny; as, to swart a living part. Sir
T. Browne.
Swartback
Swart"back` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The black-backed gull (Larus marinus);
-- called also swarbie. [Prov. Eng.]
Swarth
Swarth (?), a. Swart; swarthy. "A swarth complexion." Chapman.
Swarth
Swarth (?), n. An apparition of a person about to die; a wraith.
[Prov. Eng.] Grose.
Swarth
Swarth, n. [See Sward.] Sward; short grass.
Grassy swarth, close cropped by nibbling sheep. Cowper.
Swarth
Swarth, n. See Swath.
Swarthily
Swarth"i*ly (?), adv. In a swarthy manner; with a tawny hue; duskily.
Swarthiness
Swarth"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being swarthy; a dusky or
dark complexion; tawniness.
Swarthness
Swarth"*ness, n. Swarthiness. [R.] Dr. R. Clerke.
Swarthy
Swarth"y (?), a. [Compar. Swarthier (?); superl. Swarthiest.] [See
Swart, a.] Being of a dark hue or dusky complexion; tawny; swart; as,
swarthy faces. "A swarthy Ethiope." Shak.
Their swarthy hosts would darken all our plains. Addison.
Swarthy
Swarth"y, v. t. To make swarthy. [Obs.] Cowley.
Swartiness
Swart"i*ness (?), n. Swarthiness. [Obs.]
Swartish
Swart"ish, a. Somewhat swart, dark, or tawny.
Swartness
Swart"ness, n. The quality or state of being swart.
Swarty
Swart"y (?), a. Swarthy; tawny. [Obs.] Burton.
Swarve
Swarve (?), v. i. [See Swerve.]
1. To swerve. [Obs. or Scot.] Spenser. Jamieson.
2. To climb. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Swash
Swash (?), n. [Cf. Swash, v. i., Squash, v. t.] (Arch.) An oval
figure, whose moldings are oblique to the axis of the work. Moxon.
Swash plate (Mach.), a revolving circular plate, set obliquely on its
shaft, and acting as a cam to give a reciprocating motion to a rod in
a direction parallel to the shaft.
Swash
Swash, a. [Cf. Swash, v. i., Squash, v. t.] Soft, like fruit too ripe;
swashy. [Prov. Eng.] Pegge.
Swash
Swash, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swashing.]
[Probably of imitative origin; cf. Sw. svasska to splash, and, for
sense 3, Sw. svassa to bully, to rodomontade.]
1. To dash or flow noisily, as water; to splash; as, water swashing on
a shallow place.
2. To fall violently or noisily. [Obs.] Holinshed.
3. To bluster; to make a great noise; to vapor or brag.
Swash
Swash, n.
1. Impulse of water flowing with violence; a dashing or splashing of
water.
2. A narrow sound or channel of water lying within a sand bank, or
between a sand bank and the shore, or a bar over which the sea washes.
3. Liquid filth; wash; hog mash. [Obs.]
4. A blustering noise; a swaggering behavior. [Obs.]
5. A swaggering fellow; a swasher.
Swashbuckler
Swash"buc`kler (?), n. A bully or braggadocio; a swaggering, boastful
fellow; a swaggerer. Milton.
Swasher
Swash"er (?), n. One who makes a blustering show of valor or force of
arms. Shak.
Swashing
Swash"ing, a.
1. Swaggering; hectoring. "A swashing and martial outside." Shak.
2. Resounding; crushing. "Swashing blow." Shak.
Swashway
Swash"way` (?), n. Same as 4th Swash, 2.
Swashy
Swash"y (?), a. Soft, like fruit that is too ripe; quashy; swash.
[Prov. Eng.]
Swat
Swat (?), obs. imp. of Sweat. Chaucer.
Swatch
Swatch (?), n.
1. A swath. [Obs.] Tusser.
2. A piece, pattern, or sample, generally of cloth. Halliwell.
Jamieson.
Swate
Swate (?), obs. imp. of Sweat. Thomson.
Swath
Swath (?), n. [AS. swa a track, trace; akin to D. zwaad, zwad, zwade,
a swath of grass, G. schwad, schwaden; perhaps, originally, a shred.
Cf. Swathe, v. t.]
1. A line of grass or grain cut and thrown together by the scythe in
mowing or cradling.
2. The whole sweep of a scythe, or the whole breadth from which grass
or grain is cut by a scythe or a machine, in mowing or cradling; as,
to cut a wide swath.
3. A band or fillet; a swathe. Shak.
Swath bank, a row of new-mown grass. [Prov. Eng.]
Swathe
Swathe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swathing.] [OE. swathen, AS. swe. See Swath, n., and cf. Swaddle.] To
bind with a swathe, band, bandage, or rollers.
Their children are never swathed or bound about with any thing when
they are first born. Abp. Abbot.
Swathe
Swathe, n. A bandage; a band; a swath.
Wrapped me in above an hundred yards of swathe. Addison.
Milk and a swathe, at first, his whole demand. Young.
The solemn glory of the afternoon, with its long swathes of light
between the far off rows of limes. G. Eliot.
Swather
Swath"er (?), n. [See Swath, n.] (Agric.) A device attached to a
mowing machine for raising the uncut fallen grain and marking the
limit of the swath.
Swatte
Swat"te (?), obs. imp. of Sweat. Chaucer.
Sway
Sway (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swaying.]
[OE. sweyen, Icel. sveigja, akin to E. swing; cf. D. zwaaijen to
wield, swing. See Swing, and cf. Swag, v. i.]
1. To move or wield with the hand; to swing; to wield; as, to sway the
scepter.
As sparkles from the anvil rise, When heavy hammers on the wedge
are swayed. Spenser.
2. To influence or direct by power and authority; by persuasion, or by
moral force; to rule; to govern; to guide.
The will of man is by his reason swayed. Shak.
She could not sway her house. Shak.
This was the race To sway the world, and land and sea subdue.
Dryden.
3. To cause to incline or swing to one side, or backward and forward;
to bias; to turn; to bend; warp; as, reeds swayed by wind; judgment
swayed by passion.
As bowls run true by being made On purpose false, and to be swayed.
Hudibras.
Let not temporal and little advantages sway you against a more
durable interest. Tillotson.
4. (Naut.) To hoist; as, to sway up the yards. Syn. -- To bias; rule;
govern; direct; influence; swing; move; wave; wield.
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Sway
Sway (?), v. i.
1. To be drawn to one side by weight or influence; to lean; to
incline.
The balance sways on our part. Bacon.
2. To move or swing from side to side; or backward and forward.
3. To have weight or influence.
The example of sundry churches . . . doth sway much. Hooker.
4. To bear sway; to rule; to govern.
Hadst thou swayed as kings should do. Shak.
Sway
Sway, n.
1. The act of swaying; a swaying motion; the swing or sweep of a
weapon.
With huge two-handed sway brandished aloft. Milton.
2. Influence, weight, or authority that inclines to one side; as, the
sway of desires. A. Tucker.
3. Preponderance; turn or cast of balance.
Expert When to advance, or stand, or turn the sway Of battle.
Milton.
4. Rule; dominion; control. Cowper.
When vice prevails, and impious men bear sway, The post of honor is
a private station. Addison.
5. A switch or rod used by thatchers to bind their work. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell. Syn. -- Rule; dominion; power; empire; control; influence;
direction; preponderance; ascendency.
Sway-backed
Sway"-backed` (?), a. Having the back hollow or sagged, whether
naturally or as the result of injury or weakness; -- said of horses
and other animals.
Sway-bracing
Sway"-bra`cing (?), n. (Engin.) The horizontal bracing of a bridge,
which prevents its swaying.
Swayed
Swayed (?), a. Bent down, and hollow in the back; sway-backed; -- said
of a horse. Shak.
Swayful
Sway"ful (?), a. Able to sway. [R.] Rush.
Swaying
Sway"ing, n. An injury caused by violent strains or by overloading; --
said of the backs of horses. Crabb.
Sweal
Sweal (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swealed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swealing.]
[OE. swelen to burn, AS. swelan; akin to G. schwelen to burn slowly,
schw\'81l sultry, Icel. sv\'91la a thick smoke.] To melt and run down,
as the tallow of a candle; to waste away without feeding the flame.
[Written also swale.] Sir W. Scott.
Sweal
Sweal, v. t. To singe; to scorch; to swale; as, to sweal a pig by
singeing off the hair.
Swear
Swear (?), v. i. [imp. Swore (?), formerly Sware (; p. p. Sworn (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Swearing.] [OE. swerien, AS. swerian; akin to D.
zweren, OS. swerian, OHG. swerien, G. schw\'94ren, Icel. sverja, Sw.
sv\'84rja, Dan. sv\'91rge, Icel. & Sw. svara to answer, Dan. svare,
Dan. & Sw. svar an answer, Goth. swaran to swear, and perhaps to E.
swarm. \'fb177. Cf. Answer.]
1. To affirm or utter a solemn declaration, with an appeal to God for
the truth of what is affirmed; to make a promise, threat, or resolve
on oath; also, to affirm solemnly by some sacred object, or one
regarded as sacred, as the Bible, the Koran, etc.
Ye shall swear by my name falsely. Lev. xix. 12.
I swear by all the Roman gods. Shak.
2. (Law) To give evidence on oath; as, to swear to the truth of a
statement; he swore against the prisoner.
3. To make an appeal to God in an irreverant manner; to use the name
of God or sacred things profanely; to call upon God in imprecation; to
curse.
[I] swore little; diced not above seven times a week. Shak.
To swear by, to place great confidence in a person or thing; to trust
implicitly as an authority. "I simply meant to ask if you are one of
those who swear by Lord Verulam." Miss Edgeworth. -- To swear off, to
make a solemn vow, or a serious resolution, to abstain from something;
as, to swear off smoking. [Slang]
Swear
Swear, v. t.
1. To utter or affirm with a solemn appeal to God for the truth of the
declaration; to make (a promise, threat, or resolve) under oath.
Swear unto me here by God, that thou wilt not deal falsely with me.
Gen. xxi. 23.
He swore consent to your succession. Shak.
2. (Law) To put to an oath; to cause to take an oath; to administer an
oath to; -- ofetn followed by in or into; as, to swear witnesses; to
swear a jury; to swear in an officer; he was sworn into office.
3. To declare or charge upon oath; as, he swore treason against his
friend. Johnson.
4. To appeal to by an oath.
Now, by Apollo, king, Thou swear'st thy gods in vain. Shak.
To swear the peace against one, to make oath that one is under the
actual fear of death or bodily harm from the person, in which case the
person must find sureties that he will keep the peace.
Swearer
Swear"er (?), n.
1. One who swears; one who calls God to witness for the truth of his
declaration.
2. A profane person; one who uses profane language.
Then the liars and swearers are fools. Shak.
Swearing
Swear"ing, a. & n. from Swear, v.
Idle swearing is a cursedness. Chaucer.
Sweat
Sweat (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sweat or Sweated (Obs. Swat (); p. pr.
& vb. n. Sweating.] [OE. sweten, AS. sw\'91tan, fr. sw\'bet, n.,
sweat; akin to OFries. & OS. sw\'c7t, D. zweet, OHG. sweiz, G.
schweiss, Icel. sviti, sveiti, Sw. svett, Dan. sved, L. sudor sweat,
sudare to sweat, Gr. sv\'c7da sweat, svid to sweat. \'fb178. Cf.
Exude, Sudary, Sudorific.]
1. To excrete sensible moisture from the pores of the skin; to
perspire. Shak.
2. Fig.: To perspire in toil; to work hard; to drudge.
He 'd have the poets sweat. Waller.
3. To emit moisture, as green plants in a heap.
Sweat
Sweat, v. t.
1. To cause to excrete moisture from the skin; to cause to perspire;
as, his physicians attempted to sweat him by most powerful sudorifics.
2. To emit or suffer to flow from the pores; to exude.
It made her not a drop for sweat. Chaucer.
With exercise she sweat ill humors out. Dryden.
3. To unite by heating, after the application of soldier.
4. To get something advantageous, as money, property, or labor from
(any one), by exaction or oppression; as, to sweat a spendthrift; to
sweat laborers. [Colloq.]
To sweat coin, to remove a portion of a piece of coin, as by shaking
it with others in a bag, so that the friction wears off a small
quantity of the metal.
The only use of it [money] which is interdicted is to put it in
circulation again after having diminished its weight by "sweating",
or otherwise, because the quantity of metal contains is no longer
consistent with its impression. R. Cobden.
Sweat
Sweat (?), n. [Cf. OE. swot, AS. sw\'bet. See Sweat, v. i.]
1. (Physiol.) The fluid which is excreted from the skin of an animal;
the fluid secreted by the sudoriferous glands; a transparent,
colorless, acid liquid with a peculiar odor, containing some fatty
acids and mineral matter; perspiration. See Perspiration.
In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread. Gen. iii. 19.
2. The act of sweating; or the state of one who sweats; hence, labor;
toil; drudgery. Shak.
3. Moisture issuing from any substance; as, the sweat of hay or grain
in a mow or stack. Mortimer.
4. The sweating sickness. [Obs.] Holinshed.
5. (Man.) A short run by a race horse in exercise.
Sweat box (Naut.), a small closet in which refractory men are
confined. -- Sweat glands (Anat.), sudoriferous glands. See under
Sudoriferous. <-- sweat suit. A suit comprising a top and trousers,
having full arms and legs, used while performing physical exercises,
esp. out-of-doors. Sweat equity. The rights to a portion of ownership
or profit, hypothetically owned by a worker who participated in
producing a product, such as in improving a piece of real estate. -->
Sweater
Sweat"er (?), n.
1. One who sweats.
2. One who, or that which, causes to sweat; as: (a) A sudorific. (b) A
woolen jacket or jersey worn by athletes. (c) An employer who
oppresses his workmen by paying low wages. [Slang] <-- jersey worn by
lots of people, not just athletes. Needs expansion. -->
Sweatily
Sweat"i*ly (?), adv. In a sweaty manner.
Sweatiness
Sweat"i*ness, n. Quality or state of being sweaty.
Sweating
Sweat"ing, a. & n. from Sweat, v. Sweating bath, a bath producing
sensible sweat; a stove or sudatory. -- Sweating house, a house for
sweating persons in sickness. -- Sweating iron, a kind of knife, or a
piece of iron, used to scrape off sweat, especially from horses; a
horse scraper. -- Sweating room. (a) A room for sweating persons. (b)
(Dairying) A room for sweating cheese and carrying off the superfluous
juices. -- Sweating sickness (Med.), a febrile epidemic disease which
prevailed in some countries of Europe, but particularly in England, in
the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, characterized by profuse
sweating. Death often occured in a few hours.
Sweaty
Sweat"y (?), a. [Compar. Sweatier (?); superl. Sweatiest.]
1. Moist with sweat; as, a sweaty skin; a sweaty garment.
2. Consisting of sweat; of the nature of sweat.
No noisome whiffs or sweaty streams. Swift.
3. Causing sweat; hence, laborious; toilsome; difficult. "The sweaty
forge." Prior.
Swede
Swede (?), n. [Cf. G. Schwede.]
1. A native or inhabitant of Sweden.
2. (Bot.) A Swedish turnip. See under Turnip.
Swedenborgian
Swe`den*bor"gi*an (?), n. One who holds the doctrines of the New
Jerusalem church, as taught by Emanuel Swedenborg, a Swedish
philosopher and religious writer, who was born a. d. 1688 and died
1772. Swedenborg claimed to have intercourse with the spiritual world,
through the opening of his spiritual senses in 1745. He taught that
the Lord Jesus Christ, as comprehending in himself all the fullness of
the Godhead, is the one only God, and that there is a spiritual sense
to the Scriptures, which he (Swedenborg) was able to reveal, because
he saw the correspondence between natural and spiritual things.
Swedenborgian
Swe`den*bor"gi*an, a. Of or pertaining to Swedenborg or his views.
Swedenborgianism
Swe`den*bor"gi*an*ism (?), n. The doctrines of the Swedenborgians.
Swedish
Swed"ish (?), a. [Cf. G. schwedisch, Sw. svensk.] Of or pertaining to
Sweden or its inhabitants. Swedish turnip. (Bot.) See under Turnip.
Swedish
Swed"ish, n. The language of Swedes.
Sweeny
Swee"ny (?), n. (Far.) An atrophy of the muscles of the shoulder in
horses; also, atrophy of any muscle in horses. [Written also swinney.]
Sweep
Sweep (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swept (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sweeping.]
[OE. swepen; akin to AS. sw\'bepan. See Swoop, v. i.]
1. To pass a broom across (a surface) so as to remove loose dirt,
dust, etc.; to brush, or rub over, with a broom for the purpose of
cleaning; as, to sweep a floor, the street, or a chimney. Used also
figuratively.
I will sweep it with the besom of destruction. Isa. xiv. 23.
2. To drive or carry along or off with a broom or a brush, or as if
with a broom; to remove by, or as if by, brushing; as, to sweep dirt
from a floor; the wind sweeps the snow from the hills; a freshet
sweeps away a dam, timber, or rubbish; a pestilence sweeps off
multitudes.
The hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies. Isa. xxviii. 17.
I have already swept the stakes. Dryden.
3. To brush against or over; to rub lightly along.
Their long descending train, With rubies edged and sapphires, swept
the plain. Dryden.
4. To carry with a long, swinging, or dragging motion; hence, to carry
in a stately or proud fashion.
And like a peacock sweep along his tail. Shak.
5. To strike with a long stroke.
Wake into voice each silent string, And sweep the sounding lyre.
Pope.
6. (Naut.) To draw or drag something over; as, to sweep the bottom of
a river with a net.
7. To pass over, or traverse, with the eye or with an instrument of
observation; as, to sweep the heavens with a telescope.
To sweep, OR sweep up, a mold (Founding), to form the sand into a mold
by a templet, instead of compressing it around the pattern.
Sweep
Sweep (?), v. i.
1. To clean rooms, yards, etc., or to clear away dust, dirt, litter,
etc., with a broom, brush, or the like.
2. To brush swiftly over the surface of anything; to pass with
switness and force, as if brushing the surface of anything; to move in
a stately manner; as, the wind sweeps across the plain; a woman sweeps
through a drawing-room.
3. To pass over anything comprehensively; to range through with
rapidity; as, his eye sweeps through space.
Sweep
Sweep, n.
1. The act of sweeping.
2. The compass or range of a stroke; as, a long sweep.
3. The compass of any turning body or of any motion; as, the sweep of
a door; the sweep of the eye.
4. The compass of anything flowing or brushing; as, the flood carried
away everything within its sweep.
5. Violent and general destruction; as, the sweep of an epidemic
disease.
6. Direction and extent of any motion not rectlinear; as, the sweep of
a compass.
7. Direction or departure of a curve, a road, an arch, or the like,
away from a rectlinear line.
The road which makes a small sweep. Sir W. Scott.
8. One who sweeps; a sweeper; specifically, a chimney sweeper.
9. (Founding) A movable templet for making molds, in loam molding.
10. (Naut.) (a) The mold of a ship when she begins to curve in at the
rungheads; any part of a ship shaped in a segment of a circle. (b) A
large oar used in small vessels, partly to propel them and partly to
steer them.
11. (Refining) The almond furnace. [Obs.]
12. A long pole, or piece of timber, moved on a horizontal fulcrum
fixed to a tall post and used to raise and lower a bucket in a well
for drawing water. [Variously written swape, sweep, swepe, and swipe.]
13. (Card Playing) In the game of casino, a pairing or combining of
all the cards on the board, and so removing them all; in whist, the
winning of all the tricks (thirteen) in a hand; a slam.
14. pl. The sweeping of workshops where precious metals are worked,
containing filings, etc.
Sweep net, a net for drawing over a large compass. -- Sweep of the
tiller (Naut.), a circular frame on which the tiller traverses.
Sweepage
Sweep"age (?), n. The crop of hay got in a meadow. [Prov. Eng.]
Sweeper
Sweep"er (?), n. One who, or that which, sweeps, or cleans by
sweeping; a sweep; as, a carpet sweeper.
It is oxygen which is the great sweeper of the economy. Huxley.
Sweeping
Sweep"ing, a. Cleaning off surfaces, or cleaning away dust, dirt, or
litter, as a broom does; moving with swiftness and force; carrying
everything before it; including in its scope many persons or things;
as, a sweeping flood; a sweeping majority; a sweeping accusation. --
Sweep"ing*ly, adv. -Sweep"ing*ness, n. <-- should be separate senses
-->
Sweepings
Sweep"ings (?), n. pl. Things collected by sweeping; rubbish; as, the
sweepings of a street.
Sweep-saw
Sweep"-saw` (?), n. A bow-saw.
Sweepstake
Sweep"stake` (?), n.
1. A winning of all the stakes or prizes. Heylin.
2. A complete removal or carrying away; a clean sweep. [Obs.] Bp.
Hacket.
Sweepstakes
Sweep"stakes` (?), n.
1. A winning of all the stakes or prizes; a sweepstake.
2. sing. OR pl. The whole money or other things staked at a horse
race, a given sum being put up for each horse, all of which goes to
the winner, or is divided among several, as may be previously agreed.
3. A race for all the sums staked or prizes offered.
Sweepwasher
Sweep"wash`er (?), n. One who extracts the residuum of precious metals
from the sweepings, potsherds, etc., of refineries of gold and silver,
or places where these metals are used.
Sweepy
Sweep"y (?), a. Moving with a sweeping motion.
The branches bend before their sweepy away. Dryden.
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Page 1458
Sweet
Sweet (?), a. [Compar. Sweeter (?); superl. Sweetest.] [OE. swete,
swote, sote, AS. sw\'c7te; akin to OFries. sw\'c7te, OS. sw\'d3ti, D.
zoet, G. s\'81ss, OHG. suozi, Icel. s\'91tr, s\'d2tr, Sw. s\'94t, Dan.
s\'94d, Goth. suts, L. suavis, for suadvis, Gr. sv\'bedu sweet, svad,
sv\'bed, to sweeten. \'fb175. Cf. Assuage, Suave, Suasion.]
1. Having an agreeable taste or flavor such as that of sugar;
saccharine; -- opposed to sour and bitter; as, a sweet beverage; sweet
fruits; sweet oranges.
2. Pleasing to the smell; fragrant; redolent; balmy; as, a sweet rose;
sweet odor; sweet incense.
The breath of these flowers is sweet to me. Longfellow.
3. Pleasing to the ear; soft; melodious; harmonious; as, the sweet
notes of a flute or an organ; sweet music; a sweet voice; a sweet
singer.
To make his English sweet upon his tongue. Chaucer.
A voice sweet, tremulous, but powerful. Hawthorne.
4. Pleasing to the eye; beautiful; mild and attractive; fair; as, a
sweet face; a sweet color or complexion.
Sweet interchange Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains.
Milton.
5. Fresh; not salt or brackish; as, sweet water. Bacon.
6. Not changed from a sound or wholesome state. Specifically: (a) Not
sour; as, sweet milk or bread. (b) Not state; not putrescent or
putrid; not rancid; as, sweet butter; sweet meat or fish.
7. Plaesing to the mind; mild; gentle; calm; amiable; winning;
presuasive; as, sweet manners.
Canst thou bind the sweet influence of Pleiades? Job xxxviii. 31.
Mildness and sweet reasonableness is the one established rule of
Christian working. M. Arnold.
NOTE: &hand; Sw eet is of ten us ed in th e fo rmation of
self-explaining compounds; as, sweet-blossomed, sweet-featured,
sweet-smelling, sweet-tempered, sweet-toned, etc.
Sweet alyssum. (Bot.) See Alyssum. -- Sweet apple. (Bot.) (a) Any
apple of sweet flavor. (b) See Sweet-top. -- Sweet bay. (Bot.) (a) The
laurel (laurus nobilis). (b) Swamp sassafras. -- Sweet calabash
(Bot.), a plant of the genus Passiflora (P. maliformis) growing in the
West Indies, and producing a roundish, edible fruit, the size of an
apple. -- Sweet cicely. (Bot.) (a) Either of the North American plants
of the umbelliferous genus Osmorrhiza having aromatic roots and seeds,
and white flowers. Gray. (b) A plant of the genus Myrrhis (M. odorata)
growing in England. -- Sweet calamus, OR Sweet cane. (Bot.) Same as
Sweet flag, below. -- Sweet Cistus (Bot.), an evergreen shrub (Cistus
Ladanum) from which the gum ladanum is obtained. -- Sweet clover.
(Bot.) See Melilot. -- Sweet coltsfoot (Bot.), a kind of butterbur
(Petasites sagittata) found in Western North America. -- Sweet corn
(Bot.), a variety of the maize of a sweet taste. See the Note under
Corn. -- Sweet fern (Bot.), a small North American shrub (Comptonia,
OR Myrica, asplenifolia) having sweet-scented or aromatic leaves
resembling fern leaves. -- Sweet flag (Bot.), an endogenous plant
(Acorus Calamus) having long flaglike leaves and a rootstock of a
pungent aromatic taste. It is found in wet places in Europe and
America. See Calamus, 2. -- Sweet gale (Bot.), a shrub (Myrica Gale)
having bitter fragrant leaves; -- also called sweet willow, and Dutch
myrtle. See 5th Gale. Sweet grass (Bot.), holy, or Seneca, grass. --
Sweet gum (Bot.), an American tree (Liquidambar styraciflua). See
Liquidambar. -- Sweet herbs, fragrant herbs cultivated for culinary
purposes. -- Sweet John (Bot.), a variety of the sweet William. --
Sweet leaf (Bot.), horse sugar. See under Horse. -- Sweet marjoram.
(Bot.) See Marjoram. -- Sweet marten (Zo\'94l.), the pine marten. --
Sweet maudlin (Bot.), a composite plant (Achillea Ageratum) allied to
milfoil. -- Sweet oil, olive oil. -- Sweet pea. (Bot.) See under Pea.
-- Sweet potato. (Bot.) See under Potato. -- Sweet rush (Bot.), sweet
flag. -- Sweet spirits of niter (Med. Chem.) See Spirit of nitrous
ether, under Spirit. -- Sweet sultan (Bot.), an annual composite plant
(Centaurea moschata), also, the yellow-flowered (C. odorata); --
called also sultan flower. -- Sweet tooth, an especial fondness for
sweet things or for sweetmeats. [Colloq.] -- Sweet William. (a) (Bot.)
A species of pink (Dianthus barbatus) of many varieties. (b)
(Zo\'94l.) The willow warbler. (c) (Zo\'94l.) The European goldfinch;
-- called also sweet Billy. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sweet willow (Bot.), sweet
gale. -- Sweet wine. See Dry wine, under Dry. -- To be sweet on, to
have a particular fondness for, or special interest in, as a young man
for a young woman. [Colloq.] Thackeray. Syn. -- Sugary; saccharine;
dulcet; luscious.
Sweet
Sweet (?), n.
1. That which is sweet to the taste; -- used chiefly in the plural.
Specifically: (a) Confectionery, sweetmeats, preserves, etc. (b)
Home-made wines, cordials, metheglin, etc.
2. That which is sweet or pleasant in odor; a perfume. "A wilderness
of sweets." Milton.
3. That which is pleasing or grateful to the mind; as, the sweets of
domestic life.
A little bitter mingled in our cup leaves no relish of the sweet.
Locke.
4. One who is dear to another; a darling; -- a term of endearment.
"Wherefore frowns my sweet?" B. Jonson.
Sweet
Sweet, adv. Sweetly. Shak.
Sweet
Sweet, v. t. To sweeten. [Obs.] Udall.
Sweetbread
Sweet"bread` (?), n.
1. Either the thymus gland or the pancreas, the former being called
neck, OR throat, sweetbread, the latter belly sweetbread. The
sweetbreads of ruminants, esp. of the calf, are highly esteemed as
food. See Pancreas, and Thymus.
2. (Anat.) The pancreas.
Sweet-breasted
Sweet"-breast`ed (?), a. Having a sweet, musical voice, as the
nightingale. Cf. Breast, n., 6. [Obs.]
Sweetbrier
Sweet"bri`er (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of rose (Rosa rubiginosa) with
minutely glandular and fragrant foliage. The small-flowered sweetbrier
is Rosa micrantha.
Sweeten
Sweet"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sweetened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sweetening.] [See Sweet, a.]
1. To make sweet to the taste; as, to sweeten tea.
2. To make pleasing or grateful to the mind or feelings; as, to
sweeten life; to sweeten friendship.
3. To make mild or kind; to soften; as, to sweeten the temper.
4. To make less painful or laborious; to relieve; as, to sweeten the
cares of life. Dryden.
And sweeten every secret tear. Keble.
5. To soften to the eye; to make delicate.
Correggio has made his memory immortal by the strength he has given
to his figures, and by sweetening his lights and shadows, and
melting them into each other. Dryden.
6. To make pure and salubrious by destroying noxious matter; as, to
sweeten rooms or apartments that have been infected; to sweeten the
air.
7. To make warm and fertile; -- opposed to sour; as, to dry and
sweeten soils.
8. To restore to purity; to free from taint; as, to sweeten water,
butter, or meat. <-- 9. To make more attractive; -- said of offers in
negotiations, as, to sweeten the deal by increasing the price offered.
-->
Sweeten
Sweet"en, v. i. To become sweet. Bacon.
Sweetener
Sweet"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, sweetens; one who
palliates; that which moderates acrimony.
Sweetening
Sweet"en*ing, n.
1. The act of making sweet.
2. That which sweetens.
Sweetheart
Sweet"heart` (?), n. A lover of mistress.
Sweethearting
Sweet"heart`ing, n. Making love. "To play at sweethearting." W. Black.
Sweeting
Sweet"ing, n.
1. A sweet apple. Ascham.
2. A darling; -- a word of endearment. Shak.
Sweetish
Sweet"ish (?), a. Somewhat sweet. -- Sweet"ish*ness, n.
Sweetly
Sweet"ly, adv. [AS. sw\'c7tlice.] In a sweet manner.
Sweetmeat
Sweet"meat` (?), n.
1. Fruit preserved with sugar, as peaches, pears, melons, nuts, orange
peel, etc.; -- usually in the plural; a confect; a confection.
2. The paint used in making patent leather.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A boat shell (Crepidula fornicata) of the American
coast. [Local, U.S.]
Sweetness
Sweet"ness, n. [AS. sw\'c7tness.] The quality or state of being sweet
(in any sense of the adjective); gratefulness to the taste or to the
smell; agreeableness.
Sweetroot
Sweet"root` (?), n. (Bot.) Licorice.
Sweet-scented
Sweet"-scent`ed (?), a. Having a sweet scent or smell; fragrant.
Sweet-scented shrub (Bot.), a shrub of the genus Calycanthus, the
flowers of which, when crushed, have a fragrance resembling that of
strawberries.
Sweet-sop
Sweet"-sop` (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of custard apple (Anona squamosa).
See under Custard.
Sweetwater
Sweet"wa`ter (?), n. (Bot.) A variety of white grape, having a sweet
watery juice; -- also called white sweetwater, and white muscadine.
Sweetweed
Sweet"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A name for two tropical American weeds
(Capraria biflora, and Scoparia dulcis) of the Figwort family.
Sweetwood
Sweet"wood` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The true laurel (Laurus nobilis.) (b)
The timber of the tree Oreodaphne Leucoxylon, growing in Jamaica. The
name is also applied to the timber of several other related trees.
Sweetwort
Sweet"wort` (?), n. Any plant of a sweet taste.
Sweigh
Sweigh (?), n. Sway; movement. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Sweinmote
Swein"mote` (?), n. See Swainmote. [Obs.]
Swell
Swell (?), v. i. [imp. Swelled (?); p. p. Swelled or Swollen (; p. pr.
& vb. n. Swelling.] [AS. swellan; akin to D. zwellen, OS. & OHG.
swellan, G. schwellen, Icel. svella, Sw. sv\'84lla.]
1. To grow larger; to dilate or extend the exterior surface or
dimensions, by matter added within, or by expansion of the inclosed
substance; as, the legs swell in dropsy; a bruised part swells; a
bladder swells by inflation.
2. To increase in size or extent by any addition; to increase in
volume or force; as, a river swells, and overflows its banks; sounds
swell or diminish.
3. To rise or be driven into waves or billows; to heave; as, in
tempest, the ocean swells into waves.
4. To be puffed up or bloated; as, to swell with pride.
You swell at the tartan, as the bull is said to do at scarlet. Sir
W. Scott.
5. To be inflated; to belly; as, the sails swell.
6. To be turgid, bombastic, or extravagant; as, swelling words; a
swelling style.
7. To protuberate; to bulge out; as, a cask swells in the middle.
8. To be elated; to rise arrogantly.
Your equal mind yet swells not into state. Dryden.
9. To grow upon the view; to become larger; to expand. "Monarchs to
behold the swelling scene!" Shak.
10. To become larger in amount; as, many little debts added, swell to
a great amount.
11. To act in a pompous, ostentatious, or arrogant manner; to strut;
to look big.
Here he comes, swelling like a turkey cock. Shak.
Swell
Swell, v. t.
1. To increase the size, bulk, or dimensions of; to cause to rise,
dilate, or increase; as, rains and dissolving snow swell the rivers in
spring; immigration swells the population.
[The Church] swells her high, heart-cheering tone. Keble.
2. To aggravate; to heighten.
It is low ebb with his accuser when such peccadilloes are put to
swell the charge. Atterbury.
3. To raise to arrogance; to puff up; to inflate; as, to be swelled
with pride or haughtiness.
4. (Mus.) To augment gradually in force or loudness, as the sound of a
note.
Swell
Swell, n.
1. The act of swelling.
2. Gradual increase. Specifically: (a) Increase or augmentation in
bulk; protuberance. (b) Increase in height; elevation; rise.
Little River affords navigation during a swell to within three
miles of the Miami. Jefferson.
(c) Increase of force, intensity, or volume of sound.
Music arose with its voluptuous swell. Byron.
(d) Increase of power in style, or of rhetorical force.
The swell and subsidence of his periods. Landor.
3. A gradual ascent, or rounded elevation, of land; as, an extensive
plain abounding with little swells.
4. A wave, or billow; especially, a succession of large waves; the
roll of the sea after a storm; as, a heavy swell sets into the harbor.
The swell Of the long waves that roll in yonder bay. Tennyson.
The gigantic swells and billows of the snow. Hawthorne.
5. (Mus.) A gradual increase and decrease of the volume of sound; the
crescendo and diminuendo combined; -- generally indicated by the sign.
6. A showy, dashing person; a dandy. [Slang]
Ground swell. See under Ground. -- Organ swell (Mus.), a certain
number of pipes inclosed in a box, the uncovering of which by means of
a pedal produces increased sound. -- Swell shark (Zo\'94l.), a small
shark (Scyllium ventricosum) of the west coast of North America, which
takes in air when caught, and swells up like a swellfish.
Swell
Swell, a. Having the characteristics of a person of rank and
importance; showy; dandified; distinguished; as, a swell person; a
swell neighborhood. [Slang] Swell mob. See under Mob. [Slang]
Swelldom
Swell"dom (?), n. People of rank and fashion; the class of swells,
collectively. [Jocose]
Swellfish
Swell"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any plectognath fish that dilates
itself, as the bur fish, puffer, or diodon.
Swelling
Swell"ing, n.
1. The act of that which swells; as, the swelling of rivers in spring;
the swelling of the breast with pride.
Rise to the swelling of the voiceless sea. Coleridge.
2. A protuberance; a prominence; especially (Med.), an unnatural
prominence or protuberance; as, a scrofulous swelling.
The superficies of such plates are not even, but have many cavities
and swellings. Sir I. Newton.
Swellish
Swell"ish, a. Dandified; stylish. [Slang]
Swelltoad
Swell"toad` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A swellfish.
Swelt
Swelt (?), obs. imp. of Swell.
Swelt
Swelt, v. i. [OE. swelten to die, to swoon or faint, AS. sweltan to
die; akin to OD. swelten to hunger, to fail, OS. sweltan to die, Icel.
svelta to die, to hunger, Sw. sv\'84lta to hunger, Dan. sulte, Goth.
sviltan to die. Cf. Swelter, Sweltry.]
1. To die; to perish. [Obs.]
2. To faint; to swoon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Night she swelt for passing joy. Spenser.
Swelt
Swelt, v. t. To overpower, as with heat; to cause to faint; to
swelter. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Bp. Hall.
Swelter
Swel"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sweltered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sweltering.] [From Swelt, v. i.]
1. To be overcome and faint with heat; to be ready to perish with
heat. "Sweltered cattle." Coleridge.
2. To welter; to soak. [Obs.] Drayton.
Swelter
Swel"ter, v. t.
1. To oppress with heat. Bentley.
2. To exude, like sweat. [R.] Shak.
Sweltry
Swel"try (?), a. [See Swelter, Swelt, v. i., and cf. Sultry.]
Suffocating with heat; oppressively hot; sultry. [R.] Evelyn.
Swelve
Swel"ve (?), v. t. To swallow. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swept
Swept (?), imp. & p. p. of Sweep.
Swerd
Swerd (?), n. & v. See Sward, n. & v. [Obs.]
Swerd
Swerd, n. Sword. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swerve
Swerve (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swerved (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swerving.] [OE. swerven, AS. sweorfan to wipe off, to file, to polish;
akin to OFries. swerva to creep, D. zwerven to swerve, to rope, OS.
swerban to wipe off, MHG. swerben to be whirled, OHG. swerban to wipe
off, Icel. sverfa to file, Goth. swa\'a1rban (in comp.) to wipe, and
perhaps to E. swarm. Cf. Swarm.]
1. To stray; to wander; to rope. [Obs.]
A maid thitherward did run, To catch her sparrow which from her did
swerve. Sir P. Sidney.
2. To go out of a straight line; to deflect. "The point [of the sword]
swerved." Sir P. Sidney.
3. To wander from any line prescribed, or from a rule or duty; to
depart from what is established by law, duty, custom, or the like; to
deviate.
I swerve not from thy commandments. Bk. of Com. Prayer.
They swerve from the strict letter of the law. Clarendon.
Many who, through the contagion of evil example, swerve exceedingly
from the rules of their holy religion. Atterbury.
4. To bend; to incline. "The battle swerved." Milton.
5. To climb or move upward by winding or turning.
The tree was high; Yet nimbly up from bough to bough I swerved.
Dryden.
Swerve
Swerve, v. t. To turn aside. Gauden.
Sweven
Swe"ven (?), n. [AS. swefen sleep, dream; akin to swebban, swefian, to
put to sleep, to kill. \'fb176. See Somnolent.] A vision seen in
sleep; a dream. [Obs.] Wycliff (Acts ii. 17).
I defy both sweven and dream. Chaucer.
Swich
Swich (?), a. [See Such.] Such. [Obs.]
Swich things as that I know I will declare. Chaucer.
Swietenia
Swie*te"ni*a (?), n. [NL. Named after Gerard Van Sweiten, physician to
Maria Theresa of Austria.] (Bot.) A genus of meliaceous trees
consisting of one species (Sweitenia Mahogoni), the mahogany tree.
Swift
Swift (?), a. [Compar. Swifter (?); superl. Swiftest.] [AS. swift;
akin to sw\'bepan to sweep, swipu a whip; cf. sw\'c6fan to move
quickly, to revolve. See Swoop, v. i., and cf. Swivel, Squib.]
1. Moving a great distance in a short time; moving with celerity or
velocity; fleet; rapid; quick; speedy; prompt.
My beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak,
slow to wrath. James i. 19.
Swift of dispatch and easy of access. Dryden.
And bring upon themselves swift destruction. 2 Pet. ii. 1.
2. Of short continuance; passing away quickly. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Sw ift is of ten us ed in the formation of compounds
which are generally self-explaining; as, swift-darting,
swift-footed, swift-winged, etc.
Syn. -- Quick; fleet; speedy; rapid; expeditious.
Swift
Swift, adv. Swiftly. [Obs. or Poetic] Shak.
Ply swift and strong the oar. Southey.
Swift
Swift, n.
1. The current of a stream. [R.] Walton.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small, long-winged,
insectivorous birds of the family Micropodid\'91. In form and habits
the swifts resemble swallows, but they are destitute of complex vocal
muscles and are not singing birds, but belong to a widely different
group allied to the humming birds.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon Eu ropean sw ift (C ypselus, OR Micropus,
apus) nests in church steeples and under the tiles of roofs, and is
noted for its rapid flight and shrill screams. It is called also
black martin, black swift, hawk swallow, devil bird, swingdevil,
screech martin, and shreik owl. The common American, or chimney,
swift (Ch\'91tura pelagica) has sharp rigid tips to the tail
feathers. It attaches its nest to the inner walls of chimneys, and
is called also chimney swallow. The Australian swift (Ch\'91tura
caudacuta) also has sharp naked tips to the tail quills. The
European Alpine swift (Cypselus melba) is whitish beneath, with a
white band across the breast. The common Indian swift is Cypselus
affinis. See also Palm swift, under Palm, and Tree swift, under
Tree.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of lizards, as the pine
lizard.
4. (Zo\'94l.) The ghost moth. See under Ghost.
5. [Cf. Swivel.] A reel, or turning instrument, for winding yarn,
thread, etc.; -- used chiefly in the plural.
6. The main card cylinder of a flax-carding machine.
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Swifter
Swift"er (?), n. [Cf. Swivel.] (Naut.) (a) A rope used to retain the
bars of the capstan in their sockets while men are turning it. (b) A
rope used to encircle a boat longitudinally, to strengthen and defend
her sides. (c) The forward shroud of a lower mast.
Swifter
Swift"er, v. t. (Naut.) To tighten, as slack standing rigging, by
bringing the opposite shrouds nearer.
Swiftfoot
Swift"foot` (?), a. Nimble; fleet. Mir. for Mag.
Swiftfoot
Swift"foot`, n. (Zo\'94l.) The courser.
Swiftlet
Swift"let (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small East
Indian and Asiatic swifts of the genus Collocalia. Some of the species
are noted for furnishing the edible bird's nest. See Illust. under
Edible.
Swiftly
Swift"ly, adv. In a swift manner; with quick motion or velocity;
fleetly. Wyclif.
Swiftness
Swift"ness, n. The quality or state of being swift; speed; quickness;
celerity; velocity; rapidity; as, the swiftness of a bird; the
swiftness of a stream; swiftness of descent in a falling body;
swiftness of thought, etc.
Swig
Swig (?), v. t. [Cf. D. zwelgen to swallow, E. swallow, v.t.]
1. To drink in long draughts; to gulp; as, to swig cider. [Colloq.]
2. To suck. [Obs. or Archaic]
The lambkins swig the teat. Creech.
Swig
Swig, n.
1. A long draught. [Colloq.] Marryat.
2. (Naut.) A tackle with ropes which are not parallel.
3. A beverage consisting of warm beer flavored with spices, lemon,
etc. [Prov. Eng.]
Swig
Swig, v. t. [Cf. Prov. E. swig to leak out, AS. sw\'c6jian to be
silent, sw\'c6can to evade, escape.]
1. To castrate, as a ram, by binding the testicles tightly with a
string, so that they mortify and slough off. [Prov. Eng.]
2. (Naut.) To pull upon (a tackle) by throwing the weight of the body
upon the fall between the block and a cleat.
Swill
Swill (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swilling.]
[OE. swilen to wash, AS. swilian.]
1. To wash; to drench. [Obs.]
As fearfully as doth a galled rock O'erhang and jutty his
confounded base, Swilled with the wild and wasteful ocean. Shak.
2. [Properly, to drink like a pig. See Swill, n.] To drink in great
draughts; to swallow greedily.
Well-dressed people, of both sexes, . . . devouring sliced beef,
and swilling pork, and punch, and cider. Smollett.
3. To inebriate; to fill with drink.
I should be loth To meet the rudeness and swilled insolence Of such
late wassailers. Milton.
Swill
Swill, v. i. To drink greedily or swinishly; to drink to excess.
South.
Swill
Swill, n.
1. The wash, or mixture of liquid substances, given to swine; hogwash;
-- called also swillings.
2. Large draughts of liquor; drink taken in excessive quantities.
Swiller
Swill"er (?), n. One who swills.
Swillings
Swill"ings (?), n. pl. See Swill, n., 1.
Swim
Swim (?), v. i. [imp. Swam (?) or Swum (; p. p. Swum; p. pr. & vb. n.
Swimming.] [AS. swimman; akin to D. zwemmen, OHG. swimman, G.
schwimmen, Icel. svimma, Dan. sw\'94mme, Sw. simma. Cf. Sound an air
bladder, a strait.]
1. To be supported by water or other fluid; not to sink; to float; as,
any substance will swim, whose specific gravity is less than that of
the fluid in which it is immersed.
2. To move progressively in water by means of strokes with the hands
and feet, or the fins or the tail.
Leap in with me into this angry flood, And swim to yonder point.
Shak.
3. To be overflowed or drenched. Ps. vi. 6.
Sudden the ditches swell, the meadows swim. Thomson.
4. Fig.: To be as if borne or floating in a fluid.
[They] now swim in joy. Milton.
5. To be filled with swimming animals. [Obs.]
[Streams] that swim full of small fishes. Chaucer.
Swim
Swim, v. t.
1. To pass or move over or on by swimming; as, to swim a stream.
Sometimes he thought to swim the stormy main. Dryden.
2. To cause or compel to swim; to make to float; as, to swim a horse
across a river.
3. To immerse in water that the lighter parts may float; as, to swim
wheat in order to select seed.
Swim
Swim, n.
1. The act of swimming; a gliding motion, like that of one swimming.
B. Jonson.
2. The sound, or air bladder, of a fish.
3. A part of a stream much frequented by fish. [Eng.]
Swim bladder, an air bladder of a fish. -- To be in the swim, to be in
a favored position; to be associated with others in active affairs.
[Colloq.]
Swim
Swim, v. i. [OE. swime dizziness, vertigo, AS. sw\'c6ma; akin to D.
zwijm, Icel. svimi dizziness, svina to subside, sv\'c6a to abate, G.
schwindel dizziness, schwinden to disappear, to dwindle, OHG.
sw\'c6nan to dwindle. Cf. Squemish, Swindler.] To be dizzy; to have an
unsteady or reeling sensation; as, the head swims.
Swimbel
Swim"bel (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A moaning or sighing sound or
noise; a sough. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swimmer
Swim"mer (?), n.
1. One who swims.
2. (Far.) A protuberance on the leg of a horse.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A swimming bird; one of the natatores.
Little swimmer (Zo\'94l.), a phalarope.
Swimmeret
Swim"mer*et (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a series of flat, fringed, and
usually bilobed, appendages, of which several pairs occur on the
abdominal somites of many crustaceans. They are used as fins in
swimming.
Swimming
Swim"ming (?), a.
1. That swims; capable of swimming; adapted to, or used in, swimming;
as, a swimming bird; a swimming motion.
2. Suffused with moisture; as, swimming eyes.
Swimming bell (Zo\'94l.), a nectocalyx. See Illust. under
Siphonophora. -- Swimming crab (Zo\'94l.), any one of numerous species
of marine crabs, as those of the family Protunid\'91, which have some
of the joints of one or more pairs of legs flattened so as to serve as
fins.
Swimming
Swim"ming, n. The act of one who swims.
Swimming
Swim"ming, a. [From Swim to be dizzy.] Being in a state of vertigo or
dizziness; as, a swimming brain.
Swimming
Swim"ming, n. Vertigo; dizziness; as, a swimming in the head. Dryden.
Swimmingly
Swim"ming*ly, adv. In an easy, gliding manner, as if swimming;
smoothly; successfully; prosperously.
Swimmingness
Swim"ming*ness, n. Act or state of swimming; suffusion. "A
swimmingness in the eye." Congreve.
Swinck
Swinck (?), v. & n. See Swink.
Swindle
Swin"dle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swindled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swindling (?).] [See Swindler.] To cheat defraud grossly, or with
deliberate artifice; as, to swindle a man out of his property.
Lammote . . . has swindled one of them out of three hundred livres.
Carlyle.
Swindle
Swin"dle, n. The act or process of swindling; a cheat.
Swindler
Swin"dler (?), n. [G. schwindler, fr. schwindlen to be dizzy, to act
thoughtlessly, to cheat, fr. schwindel dizziness, fr. schwinden to
vanish, to disappear, to dwindle. See Swim to be dizzy.] One who
swindles, or defrauds grossly; one who makes a practice of defrauding
others by imposition or deliberate artifice; a cheat. Syn. -- Sharper;
rogue. -- Swindler, Sharper. These words agree in describing persons
who take unfair advantages. A swindler is one who obtains money or
goods under false pretenses. A sharper is one who cheats by sharp
practice, as in playing at cards or staking what he can not pay.
Fraud and injustice soon follow, and the dignity of the British
merchant is sunk in the scandalous appellation of a swindler. V.
Knox.
Perhaps you 'll think I act the same As a sly sharper plays his
game. Cotton.
Swindlery
Swin"dler*y (?), n. Swindling; rougery. [R.] "Swindlery and
blackguardism." Carlyle.
Swine
Swine (?), n.sing. & pl. [OE. swin, AS. sw\'c6n; akin to OFries. & OS.
swin, D. zwijn, G. schwein, OHG. sw\'c6n, Icel. sv\'c6n, Sw. svin,
Dan. sviin, Goth. swein; originally a diminutive corresponding to E.
sow. See Sow, n.] (Zo\'94l.)Any animal of the hog kind, especially one
of the domestical species. Swine secrete a large amount of
subcutaneous fat, which, when extracted, is known as lard. The male is
specifically called boar, the female, sow, and the young, pig. See
Hog. "A great herd of swine." Mark v. 11. Swine grass (Bot.),
knotgrass (Polygonum aviculare); -- so called because eaten by swine.
-- Swine oat (Bot.), a kind of oat sometimes grown for swine. --
Swine's cress (Bot.), a species of cress of the genus Senebiera (S.
Coronopus). -- Swine's head, a dolt; a blockhead. [Obs.] Chaucer. --
Swine thistle (Bot.), the sow thistle.
Swinebread
Swine"bread` (?), n. (Bot.) The truffle.
Swinecase
Swine"case` (?), n. A hogsty. [Prov. Eng.]
Swinecote
Swine"cote` (?), n. A hogsty. [Prov. Eng.]
Swinecrue
Swine"crue` (?), n. [Swine + Prov. E. crue a coop.] A hogsty. [Prov.
Eng.]
Swinefish
Swine"fish` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The wolf fish.
Swineherd
Swine"herd` (?), n. A keeper of swine.
Swinepipe
Swine"pipe` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European redwing. [Prov. Eng.]
Swine-pox
Swine"-pox` (?), n. (Med.) A variety of the chicken pox, with
acuminated vesicles containing a watery fluid; the water pox. Pepys.
Swineery
Swine"er*y (?), n. Same as Piggery. [R.]
Swinestone
Swine"stone` (?), n. (Min.) See Stinkstone.
Swinesty
Swine"sty` (?), n. A sty, or pen, for swine.
Swing
Swing (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swung (?); Archaic imp. Swang (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Swinging.] [OE. swingen, AS. swingan to scourge, to fly,
to flutter; akin to G. schwingen to winnow, to swingle, oscillate,
sich schwingen to leap, to soar, OHG. swingan to throw, to scourge, to
soar, Sw. svinga to swing, to whirl, Dan. svinge. Cf. Swagger, Sway,
Swinge, Swink.]
1. To move to and fro, as a body suspended in the air; to wave; to
vibrate; to oscillate.
I tried if a pendulum would swing faster, or continue swinging
longer, in case of exsuction of the air. Boyle.
2. To sway or move from one side or direction to another; as, the door
swung open.
3. To use a swing; as, a boy swings for exercise or pleasure. See
Swing, n., 3.
4. (Naut.) To turn round by action of wind or tide when at anchor; as,
a ship swings with the tide.
5. To be hanged. [Colloq.] D. Webster.
To swing round the circle, to make a complete circuit. [Colloq.]
He had swung round the circle of theories and systems in which his
age abounded, without finding relief. A. V. G. Allen.
Swing
Swing, v. t.
1. To cause to swing or vibrate; to cause to move backward and
forward, or from one side to the other.
He swings his tail, and swiftly turns his round. Dryden.
They get on ropes, as you must have seen the children, and are
swung by their men visitants. Spectator.
2. To give a circular movement to; to whirl; to brandish; as, to swing
a sword; to swing a club; hence, colloquially, to manage; as, to swing
a business.<-- or, to accomplish -->
3. (Mach.) To admit or turn (anything) for the purpose of shaping it;
-- said of a lathe; as, the lathe can swing a pulley of 12 inches
diameter.
To swing a door, gate, etc. (Carp.), to put it on hinges so that it
can swing or turn.
Swing
Swing (?), n.
1. The act of swinging; a waving, oscillating, or vibratory motion of
a hanging or pivoted object; oscillation; as, the swing of a pendulum.
2. Swaying motion from one side or direction to the other; as, some
men walk with a swing.
3. A line, cord, or other thing suspended and hanging loose, upon
which anything may swing; especially, an apparatus for recreation by
swinging, commonly consisting of a rope, the two ends of which are
attached overhead, as to the bough of a tree, a seat being placed in
the loop at the bottom; also, any contrivance by which a similar
motion is produced for amusement or exercise.
4. Influence of power of a body put in swaying motion.
The ram that batters down the wall, For the great swing and
rudeness of his poise, They place before his hand that made the
engine. Shak.
5. Capacity of a turning lathe, as determined by the diameter of the
largest object that can be turned in it.
6. Free course; unrestrained liberty or license; tendency. "Take thy
swing." Dryden.
To prevent anything which may prove an obstacle to the full swing
of his genius. Burke.
Full swing. See under Full. -- Swing beam (Railway Mach.), a
crosspiece sustaining the car body, and so suspended from the framing
of a truck that it may have an independent lateral motion. -- Swing
bridge, a form of drawbridge which swings horizontally, as on a
vertical pivot. -- Swing plow, OR Swing plough. (a) A plow without a
fore wheel under the beam. (b) A reversible or sidehill plow. -- Swing
wheel. (a) The scape-wheel in a clock, which drives the pendulum. (b)
The balance of a watch.
Swingdevil
Swing"dev`il (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) [So named from its swift flight and
dark color, which give it an uncanny appearance.] The European swift.
[Prov. Eng.]
Swinge
Swinge (sw&icr;nj), v. & n. See Singe. [Obs.] Spenser.
Swinge
Swinge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swinged (sw&icr;njd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swingeing (sw&icr;nj"&icr;ng).] [OE. swengen, AS. swengan to shake,
causative of swingan. See Swing.]
1. To beat soundly; to whip; to chastise; to punish.
I had swinged him soundly. Shak.
And swinges his own vices in his son. C. Dryden.
2. To move as a lash; to lash. [Obs.]
Swinges the scaly horror of his folded tail. Milton.
Swinge
Swinge, n.
1. The sweep of anything in motion; a swinging blow; a swing. [Obs.]
Waller.
2. Power; sway; influence. [Obs.]
Swingebuckler
Swinge"buc`kler (?), n. A swashbuckler; a bully; a roiserer. [Obs.]
Shak.
Swingeing
Swinge"ing, a. Huge; very large. [Colloq.] Arbuthnot. Byron. --
Swinge"ing*ly, adv. Dryden.
Swingel
Swin"gel (?), n. [AS. swingele whip, scourge. See Swing.] The swinging
part of a flail which falls on the grain in thrashing; the swiple.
Swinger
Swing"er (?), n. One who swings or whirls.
Swinger
Swin"ger (?), n.
1. One who swinges.
2. Anything very large, forcible; or astonishing. [Obs. or Colloq.]
Herrick. <-- 3. [Colloq.] A person who engages frequently in lively
and fashionable pursuits, such as attending night clubs or discos. 4.
A person who engages freely in sexual intercourse. -->
Swingle
Swin"gle (?), v. i. [Freq. of swing.]
1. To dangle; to wave hanging. [Obs.] Johnson.
2. To swing for pleasure. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Swingle
Swin"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swingled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swingling
(?).] [See Swingel.]
1. To clean, as flax, by beating it with a swingle, so as to separate
the coarse parts and the woody substance from it; to scutch.
2. To beat off the tops of without pulling up the roots; -- said of
weeds. [Prov. Eng.] Forby.
Swingle
Swin"gle, n. A wooden instrument like a large knife, about two feet
long, with one thin edge, used for beating and cleaning flax; a
scutcher; -- called also swingling knife, swingling staff, and
swingling wand.
Swinglebar
Swin"gle*bar` (?), n. A swingletree. De Quincey.
Swingletail
Swin"gle*tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The thrasher, or fox shark. See
Thrasher.
Swingletree
Swin"gle*tree` (?), n. [So named in allusion to its swinging. See
Swingle, v. i., and cf. Swingtree.] A whiffletree, or whippletree. See
Singletree.
Swingling
Swin"gling (?), a. & n. from Swingle, v. t. Swingling tow, the coarse
part of flax, separated from the finer by swingling and hatcheling.
Swingtree
Swing"tree` (?), n. The bar of a carriage to which the traces are
fastened; the whiffletree.
Swinish
Swin"ish (?), a. Of or pertaining to swine; befitting swine; like
swine; hoggish; gross; beasty; as, a swinish drunkard or sot. "Swinish
gluttony." Milton. -- Swin"ish*ly, adv. -- Swin"ish*ness, n.
Swink
Swink (?), v. i. [imp. Swank (?), Swonk (; p. p. Swonken (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Swinking.] [AS. swincan, akin to swingan. See Swing.] To labor;
to toil; to salve. [Obs. or Archaic]
Or swink with his hands and labor. Chaucer.
For which men swink and sweat incessantly. Spenser.
The swinking crowd at every stroke pant "Ho." Sir Samuel Freguson.
Swink
Swink, v. t.
1. To cause to toil or drudge; to tire or exhaust with labor. [Obs.]
And the swinked hedger at his supper sat. Milton.
2. To acquire by labor. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
To devour all that others swink. Chaucer.
Swink
Swink, n. [As. swinc, geswinc.] Labor; toil; drudgery. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Spenser.
Swinker
Swink"er (?), n. A laborer. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swinney
Swin"ney (?), n. (Far.) See Sweeny.
Swipe
Swipe (?), n. [Cf. Sweep, Swiple.]
1. A swape or sweep. See Sweep.
2. A strong blow given with a sweeping motion, as with a bat or club.
Swipes [in cricket] over the blower's head, and over either of the
long fields. R. A. Proctor.
3. pl. Poor, weak beer; small beer. [Slang, Eng.] [Written also
swypes.] Craig.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1460
Swipe
Swipe (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swiped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swiping.]
1. To give a swipe to; to strike forcibly with a sweeping motion, as a
ball.
Loose balls may be swiped almost ad libitum. R. A. Proctor.
2. To pluck; to snatch; to steal. [Slang, U.S.]
Swiple
Swi"ple (?), n. [See Swipe.] That part of a flail which strikes the
grain in thrashing; a swingel. [Written also swipel, and swipple.]
Swipper
Swip"per (?), a. [From AS. swipian to whip, shake, whirl; akin to
sw\'bepan to sweep. See Swoop.] Nimble; quick. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. &
Slang]
Swirl
Swirl (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Swirled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Swirling.] [Akin to Norw. svirla to whirl, freq. of sverra to whirl,
Dan. svirre, G. schwirren to whiz, to buzz. \'fb177. See Swarm, n.] To
whirl, or cause to whirl, as in an eddy. "The river swirled along." C.
Kingsley.
Swirl
Swirl, n. A whirling motion; an eddy, as of water; a whirl. "The
silent swirl of bats." Mrs. Browning.
Swish
Swish (?), v. t. [From the sound. Cf. Swash.]
1. To flourish, so as to make the sound swish. Coleridge.
2. To flog; to lash. [Slang] Thackeray.
Swish
Swish, v. i. To dash; to swash.
Swish
Swish, n.
1. A sound of quick movement, as of something whirled through the air.
[Colloq.]
2. (Naut.) Light driven spray. [Eng.]
Swiss
Swiss (?), n.sing. & pl. [F. Suisse, of German origin. Cf. Switzer.] A
native or inhabitant of Switzerland; a Switzer; the people of
Switzerland.
Swiss
Swiss, a. Of or pertaining to Switzerland, or the people of
Switzerland.
Switch
Switch (?), n. [Cf. OD. swick a scourage, a whip. Cf. Swink, Swing.]
1. A small, flexible twig or rod.
Mauritania, on the fifth medal, leads a horse with something like a
thread; in her other hand she holds a switch. Addison.
2. (Railways) A movable part of a rail; or of opposite rails, for
transferring cars from one track to another.
3. A separate mass or trees of hair, or of some substance (at jute)
made to resemble hair, worn on the head by women.
4. (Eccl.) A mechanical device for shifting an electric current to
another circuit.
Safety switch (Railways), a form of switch contrived to prevent or
lessen the danger of derailment of trains. -- Switch back (Railways),
an arrangement of tracks whereby elevations otherwise insurmountable
are passed. The track ascends by a series of zigzags, the engine
running alternately forward and back, until the summit is reached. --
Switch board (Elec.), a collection of switches in one piece of
apparatus, so arranged that a number of circuits may be connected or
combined in any desired manner.<-- need "switchboard" for telephony
--> -- Switch grass. (Bot.) See under Grass.
Switch
Switch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Switched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Switching.]
1. To strike with a switch or small flexible rod; to whip. Chapman.
2. To swing or whisk; as, to switch a cane.
3. To trim, as, a hedge. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
4. To turn from one railway track to another; to transfer by a switch;
-- generally with off, from, etc.; as, to switch off a train; to
switch a car from one track to another.
5. (Eccl.) To shift to another circuit.
Switch
Switch, v. i. To walk with a jerk. [Prov. Eng.] <-- switchboard.
(Telephone) An apparatus containing switches by means of which a
connection may be made from an incoming telephone line to any one of
numerous outgoing lines. The switches may be either mechanical or
electronic, and the switching action may be automatic, controlled by
signals in the incoming call, or manual, controlled by a switchboard
operator. -->
Switchel
Switch"el (?), n. [See Sweet.] A beverage of molasses and water,
seasoned with vinegar and ginger. [U. S.]
Switching
Switch"ing, a. & n. from Switch, v. Switching engine, a locomotive for
switching cars from one track to another, and making up trains; --
called also switch engine. [U.S.]
Switchman
Switch"man (?), n.; pl. Switchmen (. One who tends a switch on a
railway.
Switchy
Switch"y (?), a. Whisking. [Colloq.] Coombe.
Swithe
Swithe (?), adv. [AS. sw\'c6 strongly, violently.] Instantly; quickly;
speedily; rapidly. [Obs.]
That thou doest, do thou swithe. Wyclif (John xiii. 27).
Switzer
Switz"er (?), n. [Cf. G. schweizer. Cf. Swiss.] A native or inhabitant
of Switzerland; a Swiss.
Swive
Swive (?), v. t. [OE. swiven, fr. AS. sw\'c6fan. See Swivel.] To
copulate with (a woman). [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swivel
Swiv"el (?), n. [AS. sw\'c6fan to move quickly, to remove; akin to
Icel. sveifla to whirl, shake, sv\'c6fa to ramble, to turn. See Swoop,
and cf. Swift a reel, Swift, a.]
1. (Mech.) A piece, as a ring or hook, attached to another piece by a
pin, in such a manner as to permit rotation about the pin as an axis.
2. (Mil.) A small piece of ordnance, turning on a point or swivel; --
called also swivel gun. Wilhelm.
Swivel bridge, a kind of drawbridge that turns round on a vertical
axis; a swing bridge. -- Swivel hook, a hook connected with the iron
strap of a pulley block by a swivel joint, for readily taking the
turns out of a tackle. -- Swivel joint, a joint, the two pieces
composing which turn round, with respect to each other, on a
longitudinal pin or axis, as in a chain, to prevent twisting.
Swivel
Swiv"el, v. i. To swing or turn, as on a pin or pivot.
Swivel-eyed
Swiv"el-eyed` (?), a. Squint-eyed. [Prov. Eng.]
Swizzle
Swiz"zle (?), v. t. To drink; to swill. Halliwell.
Swizzle
Swiz"zle, n. Ale and beer mixed; also, drink generally. [Prov. Eng.]
Swob
Swob (?), n. & v. See Swab.
Swobber
Swob"ber (?), n.
1. See Swabber.
2. pl. Four privileged cards, formerly used in betting at the game of
whist. [Written also swabber.] Swift.
Swollen
Swoll"en (?), p. p. of Swell.
Swollen
Swoll"en, a. Enlarged by swelling; immoderately increased; as, swollen
eyes; swollen streams.
Swoln
Swoln (?). Contraction of Swollen, p. p. Milton.
Swom
Swom (?), obs. imp. of Swim. Shak.
Swoon
Swoon (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Swooned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swooning.]
[OE. swounen, swoghenen, for swo, fr. swo to sigh deeply, to droop,
AS. sw\'d3gan to sough, sigh; cf. gesw\'d3gen senseless, swooned,
gesw\'d3wung a swooning. Cf. Sough.] To sink into a fainting fit, in
which there is an apparent suspension of the vital functions and
mental powers; to faint; -- often with away.
The sucklings swoon in the streets of the city. Lam. ii. 11.
The most in years . . . swooned first away for pain. Dryden.
He seemed ready to swoon away in the surprise of joy. Tatler.
Swoon
Swoon, n. A fainting fit; syncope.
Swooning
Swoon"ing, a. & n. from Swoon, v. -- Swoon"ing*ly, adv.
Swoop
Swoop (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Swooped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Swooping.]
[OE. swopen, usually, to sweep, As. sw\'bepan to sweep, to rush; akin
to G. schweifen to rove, to ramble, to curve, OHG. sweifan to whirl,
Icel. sveipa to sweep; also to AS. sw\'c6fan to move quickly. Cf.
Sweep, Swift, a. & n., Swipe, Swivel.]
1. To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing; as, a
hawk swoops a chicken.
2. To seize; to catch up; to take with a sweep.
And now at last you came to swoop it all. Dryden.
The grazing ox which swoops it [the medicinal herb] in with the
common grass. Glanvill.
Swoop
Swoop, v. i.
1. To descend with closed wings from a height upon prey, as a hawk; to
swoop.
2. To pass with pomp; to sweep. [Obs.] Drayton.
Swoop
Swoop, n. A falling on and seizing, as the prey of a rapacious bird;
the act of swooping.
The eagle fell, . . . and carried away a whole litter of cubs at a
swoop. L'Estrange.
Swoopstake
Swoop"stake` (?), n. See Sweepstake. [Obs.]
Swoopstake
Swoop"stake`, adv. Altogether; indiscriminately. [R.] Shak.
Swop
Swop (?), v. & n. Same as Swap. Dryden.
Sword
Sword (?), n. [OE. swerd, AS. sweord; akin to OFries. swerd, swird, D.
zwaard, OS. swerd, OHG. swert, G. schwert, Icel. sver, Sw. sv\'84rd,
Dan. sv\'91rd; of uncertain origin.]
1. An offensive weapon, having a long and usually sharp
2. Hence, the emblem of judicial vengeance or punishment, or of
authority and power.
He [the ruler] beareth not the sword in vain. Rom. xiii. 4.
She quits the balance, and resigns the sword. Dryden.
3. Destruction by the sword, or in battle; war; dissension.
I came not to send peace, but a sword. Matt. x. 34.
4. The military power of a country.
He hath no more authority over the sword than over the law. Milton.
5. (Weaving) One of the end bars by which the lay of a hand loom is
suspended.
Sword arm, the right arm. -- Sword bayonet, a bayonet shaped somewhat
like a sword, and which can be used as a sword. -- Sword bearer, one
who carries his master's sword; an officer in London who carries a
sword before the lord mayor when he goes abroad. -- Sword belt, a belt
by which a sword is suspended, and borne at the side. -- Sword blade,
the blade, or cutting part, of a sword. -- Sword cane, a cane which
conceals the blade of a sword or dagger, as in a sheath. -- Sword
dance. (a) A dance in which swords are brandished and clashed together
by the male dancers. Sir W. Scott. (b) A dance performed over swords
laid on the ground, but without touching them. -- Sword fight,
fencing; a combat or trial of skill with swords; swordplay. -- Sword
grass. (Bot.) See Gladen. -- Sword knot, a ribbon tied to the hilt of
a sword. -- Sword law, government by the sword, or by force; violence.
Milton. -- Sword lily. (Bot.) See Gladiolus. -- Sword mat (Naut.), a
mat closely woven of yarns; -- so called from a wooden implement used
in its manufacture. -- Sword shrimp (Zo\'94l.), a European shrimp
(Pasiph\'91a sivado) having a very thin, compressed body. -- Sword
stick, a sword cane. -- To measure swords with one. See under Measure,
v. t. -- To put to the sword. See under Put.
Swordbill
Sword"bill` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A humming bird (Docimastes ensiferus)
having a very long, slender bill, exceeding the length of the body of
the bird.
Sworded
Sword"ed, a. [Cf. AS. geswurdod.] Girded with a sword. Milton.
Sworder
Sword"er (?), n. One who uses, or fights with, a sword; a swordsman; a
soldier; a cutthroat. [Obs.] Shak.
Swordfish
Sword"fish` (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A very large oceanic fish (Xiphias gladius), the
only representative of the family Xiphiid\'91. It is highly valued as
a food fish. The bones of the upper jaw are consolidated, and form a
long, rigid, swordlike beak; the dorsal fin is high and without
distinct spines; the ventral fins are absent. The adult is destitute
of teeth. It becomes sixteen feet or more long. (b) The ger pike. (c)
The cutlass fish.
2. (Astron.) A southern constellation. See Dorado, 1.
Swordfish sucker (Zo\'94l.), a remora (Remora brachyptera) which
attaches itself to the swordfish.
Swordick
Sword"ick (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The spotted gunnel (Mur\'91noides
gunnellus). [Prov. Eng.]
Swording
Sword"ing (?), n. Slashing with a sword. Tennyson.
Swordless
Sword"less (?), a. Destitute of a sword.
Swordman
Sword"man (?), n.; pl. Swordmen (. A swordsman. "Sinewy swordmen."
Shak.
Swordplay
Sword"play` (?), n. Fencing; a sword fight.
Swordplayer
Sword"play`er (?), n. A fencer; a gladiator; one who exhibits his
skill in the use of the sword.
Sword-shaped
Sword"-shaped` (?), a. (Bot.) Shaped like a sword; ensiform, as the
long, flat leaves of the Iris, cattail, and the like.
Swordsman
Swords"man (?), n.; pl. Swordsmen (.
1. A soldier; a fighting man.
2. One skilled of a use of the sword; a professor of the science of
fencing; a fencer.
Swordsmanship
Swords"man*ship, n. The state of being a swordsman; skill in the use
of the sword. Cowper.
Swordtail
Sword"tail` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The limulus. (b) Any hemipterous
insect of the genus Uroxiphus, found upon forest trees.
Swore
Swore (?), imp. of Swear.
Sworn
Sworn (?), p. p. of Swear. Sworn brothers, originally, companions in
arms who took an oath to share together good and bad fortune; hence,
faithful friends. -- Sworn enemies, determined or irreconcilable
enemies. -- Sworn friends, close friends.
Swough
Swough (?), n. [See Swoon.]
1. A sound; a groan; a moan; a sough. [Obs.]
He sigheth with full many a sorry swough. Chaucer.
2. A swoon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swound
Swound (?), v. & n. See Swoon, v. & n. [Prov. Eng. or Archaic] Shak.
Dryden.
The landlord stirred As one awaking from a swound. Longfellow.
'Swounds
'Swounds (?), interj. [Cf. Zounds.] An exclamation contracted from
God's wounds; -- used as an oath. [Obs. or Archaic] Shak.
Swown
Swown (?), v. & n. Swoon. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Swum
Swum (?), imp. & p. p. of Swim.
Swung
Swung (?), imp. & p. p. of Swing.
Swythe
Swythe (?), adv. Quickly. See Swithe. [Obs.]
Sy
Sy (?), obs. imp. of See. Saw. Chaucer.
Syb
Syb (?), a. See Sib. [Obs. or Scot.]
Sybarite
Syb"a*rite (?), n. [L. Sybarita, Gr. Sybarite.] A person devoted to
luxury and pleasure; a voluptuary.
Sybaritic, Sybaritical
Syb`a*rit"ic (?), Syb`a*rit"ic*al (?), a. [L. Sybariticus, Gr. Of or
pertaining to the Sybarites; resembling the Sybarites; luxurious;
wanton; effeminate. "Sybaritic dinners." Bp. Warburton. "Sybaritical
cloistres." Bp. Hall.
Sybaritism
Syb"a*rit*ism (?), n. Luxuriousness; effeminacy; wantonness;
voluptuousness.
Sycamine
Syc"a*mine (?), n. [L. sycaminus, Gr. See Sycamore.
Sycamore
Syc"a*more (?), n. [L. sycomorus, Gr. sycomore. Cf. Mulberry.] (Bot.)
(a) A large tree (Ficus Sycomorus) allied to the common fig. It is
found in Egypt and Syria, and is the sycamore, or sycamine, of
Scripture. (b) The American plane tree, or buttonwood. (c) A large
European species of maple (Acer Pseudo-Platanus). [Written sometimes
sycomore.]
Syce
Syce (?), n. [Ar. s\'be\'8bs.] A groom. [India]
Sycee
Sy*cee" (?), n. [Said to be from a Chinese word, se-tze or se-sze,
meaning, fine silk, and to be so called because if pure it may be
drawn out into fine threads.] Silver, pounded into ingots of the shape
of a shoe, and used as currency. The most common weight is about one
pound troy. [China] McElrath.
Sychnocarpous
Sych`no*car"pous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having the capacity of bearing
several successive crops of fruit without perishing; as, sychnocarpous
plants.
Sycite
Sy"cite (?), n. [Gr. (Min.) A nodule of flint, or a pebble, which
resembles a fig. [Obs.]
Sycoceric
Syc`o*cer"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an
acid obtained by the oxidation of sycoceryl alcohol.
Sycoceryl
Syc`o*ce"ryl (?), n. [Gr. -yl.] (Chem.) A radical, of the aromatic
series, regarded as an essential ingredient of certain compounds found
in the waxy resin of an Australian species of fig.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1461
Sycock
Sy"cock (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The missel thrush. [Prov. Eng.]
Sycones
Sy*co"nes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of
calcareous sponges.
NOTE: &hand; Th ey usually resemble a fig, being vase-shaped with a
fringed opening at the summit. The feeding cells are in ampull\'91
connected with radial tubes in the thickened walls of the body.
Syconium, Syconus
Sy*co"ni*um (?), Sy*co"nus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A collective
fleshy fruit, in which the ovaries are hidden within a hollow
receptacle, as in the fig.
Sycophancy
Syc"o*phan*cy (?), n. [Cf. L. sycophantia deceit, Gr. The character or
characteristic of a sycophant. Hence: - (a) False accusation;
calumniation; talebearing. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. (b) Obsequious flattery;
servility.
The sycophancy of A.Philips had prejudiced Mr. Addison against
Pope. Bp. Warburton.
Sycophant
Syc"o*phant (?), n. [L. sycophanta a slanderer, deceiver, parasite,
Gr. sycophante. The reason for the name is not certainly known. See
Phenomenon.]
1. An informer; a talebearer. [Obs.] "Accusing sycophants, of all men,
did best sort to his nature." Sir P. Sidney.
2. A base parasite; a mean or servile flatterer; especially, a
flatterer of princes and great men.
A sycophant will everything admire: Each verse, each sentence, sets
his soul on fire. Dryden.
Sycophant
Syc"o*phant (?), v. t. [CF. L. sycophantari to deceive, to trick, Gr.
1. To inform against; hence, to calumniate. [Obs.]
Sycophanting and misnaming the work of his adversary. Milton.
2. To play the sycophant toward; to flatter obsequiously.
Sycophant
Syc"o*phant, v. i. To play the sycophant.
Sycophantcy
Syc"o*phant*cy (?), n. Sycophancy. [Obs.]
Sycophantic, Sycophantical
Syc`o*phan"tic (?), Syc`o*phan"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. Gr. Of or
pertaining to a sycophant; characteristic of a sycophant; meanly or
obsequiously flattering; courting favor by mean adulation; parasitic.
To be cheated and ruined by a sycophantical parasite. South.
Sycophantic servants to the King of Spain. De Quincey.
Sycophantish
Syc"o*phant`ish (?), a. Like a sycophant; obsequiously flattering. --
Syc"o*phant`ish*ly, adv.
Sycophantish satirists that forever humor the prevailing folly. De
Quincey.
Sycophantism
Syc"o*phant*ism (?), n. Sycophancy.
Sycophantize
Syc"o*phant*ize (?), v. i. To play the sycophant.
Sycophantry
Syc"o*phant*ry (?), n. Sycophancy. [Obs.]
Sycosis
Sy*co"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A pustular eruption upon the
scalp, or the beared part of the face, whether due to ringworm, acne,
or impetigo.
Syderolite
Syd"er*o*lite (?), n. A kind of Bohemian earthenware resembling the
Wedgwood ware.
Sye
Sye (?), obs. imp. of See. Saw. Chaucer.
Syenite
Sy"e*nite (?), n. [L. Syenites (sc. lapis), from Syene, Gr. (Min.) (a)
Orig., a rock composed of quartz, hornblende, and feldspar, anciently
quarried at Syene, in Upper Egypt, and now called granite. (b) A
granular, crystalline, ingeous rock composed of orthoclase and
hornblende, the latter often replaced or accompanied by pyroxene or
mica. Syenite sometimes contains nephelite (el\'91olite) or leucite,
and is then called nephelite (el\'91olite) syenite or leucite syenite.
Syenitic
Sy`e*nit"ic (?), a. [Written also sienitic.]
1. Relating to Syene; as, Syenitic inscriptions.
2. Relating to, or like, syenite; as, syenitic granite.
Syke
Syke (?), n. & v. See Sike. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Syker
Syk"er (?), a. & adv. See Sicker. [Obs.]
Syle
Syle (?), n. [See Sile a young herring.] (Zo\'94l.) A young herring
(Clupea harengus). [Also written sile.]
But our folk call them syle, and nought but syle, And when they're
grown, why then we call them herring. J. Ingelow.
Syllabarium
Syl`la*ba"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Syllabaria (#). [NL.] A syllabary.
Syllabary
Syl"la*ba*ry (?), n. A table of syllables; more especially, a table of
the indivisible syllabic symbols used in certain languages, as the
Japanese and Cherokee, instead of letters. S. W. Williams.
Syllabe
Syl"labe (?), n. [F.] Syllable. [R.] B. Jonson.
Syllabic, Syllabical
Syl*lab"ic (?), Syl*lab"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. syllabique.]
1. Of or pertaining to a syllable or syllables; as, syllabic accent.
2. Consisting of a syllable or syllables; as, a syllabic augment. "The
syllabic stage of writing." Earle.
Syllabically
Syl*lab"ic*al*ly, adv. In a syllabic manner.
Syllabicate
Syl*lab"i*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Syllabicated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Syllabicating.] To form or divide into syllables; to syllabify.
Syllabication
Syl*lab`i*ca"tion (?), n. The act of forming syllables; the act or
method of dividing words into syllables. See Guide to Pron., §275.
Syllabification
Syl*lab`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [See Syllabify.] Same as Syllabication.
Rush.
Syllabification depends not on mere force, but on discontinuity of
force. H. Sweet.
Syllabify
Syl*lab"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Syllabified (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Syllabifying (?).] [L. syllaba syllable + -fy.] To form or
divide into syllables.
Syllabism
Syl"la*bism (?), n. The expressing of the sounds of a language by
syllables, rather than by an alphabet or by signs for words. I.
Taylor (The Alphabet).
Syllabist
Syl"la*bist (?), n. One who forms or divides words into syllables,
or is skilled in doing this.
Syllabize
Syl"la*bize (?), v. t. To syllabify. Howell.
Syllable
Syl"la*ble (?), n. [OE. sillable, OF. sillabe, F. syllabe, L.
syllaba, Gr. labh, rabh. Cf. Lemma, Dilemma.]
1. An elementary sound, or a combination of elementary sounds,
uttered together, or with a single effort or impulse of the voice,
and constituting a word or a part of a word. In other terms, it is
a vowel or a diphtong, either by itself or flanked by one or more
consonants, the whole produced by a single impulse or utterance.
One of the liquids, l, m, n, may fill the place of a vowel in a
syllable. Adjoining syllables in a word or phrase need not to be
marked off by a pause, but only by such an abatement and renewal,
or re\'89nforcement, of the stress as to give the feeling of
separate impulses. See Guide to Pronunciation, §275.
2. In writing and printing, a part of a word, separated from the
rest, and capable of being pronounced by a single impulse of the
voice. It may or may not correspond to a syllable in the spoken
language.
Withouten vice [i. e. mistake] of syllable or letter. Chaucer.
3. A small part of a sentence or discourse; anything concise or
short; a particle.
Before any syllable of the law of God was written. Hooker.
Who dare speak One syllable against him? Shak.
Syllable
Syl"la*ble, v. t. To pronounce the syllables of; to utter; to
articulate. Milton.
Syllabub
Syl"la*bub (?), n. Same as Syllabub.
Syllabus
Syl"la*bus (?), n.; pl. E. Syllabuses (#), L. Syllabi (#). [L., fr.
the same source as E. syllable.] A compendium containing the heads
of a discourse, and the like; an abstract.
Syllepsis
Syl*lep"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. sy`llhpsis a taking together, from
syllable, n.]
1. (Rhet.) A figure of speech by which a word is used in a literal
and metaphorical sense at the same time.
2. (Gram.) The agreement of a verb or adjective with one, rather
than another, of two nouns, with either of which it might agree in
gender, number, etc.; as, rex et regina beati.
Sylleptic, Sylleptical
Syl*lep"tic (?), Syl*lep"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Of or pertaining to a
syllepsis; containing syllepsis. -- Syl*lep"tic*al*ly, adv.
Syllidian
Syl*lid"i*an (?), n. [From NL. Syllis, the typical genus.]
(Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of marine annelids of the
family Syllid\'91.
NOTE: &hand; Ma ny of th e sp ecies are phosphorescent; others are
remarkable for undergoing strobilation or fission and for their
polymorphism. The egg, in such species, develops into an asexual
individual. When mature, a number of its posterior segments
gradually develop into one or more sexual individuals which finally
break away and swim free in the sea. The males, females, and
neuters usually differ greatly in form and structure.
Syllogism
Syl"lo*gism (?), n. [OE. silogisme, OF. silogime, sillogisme, F.
syllogisme, L. syllogismus, Gr. syllogismo`s a reckoning all
together, a reasoning, syllogism, fr. syllogi`zesqai to reckon all
together, to bring at once before the mind, to infer, conclude;
sy`n with, together + logi`zesqai to reckon, to conclude by
reasoning. See Syn-, and Logistic, Logic.] (Logic) The regular
logical form of every argument, consisting of three propositions,
of which the first two are called the premises, and the last, the
conclusion. The conclusion necessarily follows from the premises;
so that, if these are true, the conclusion must be true, and the
argument amounts to demonstration;
NOTE: as in th e fo llowing ex ample: Ev ery vi rtue is laudable;
Kindness is a virtue; Therefore kindness is laudable. These
propositions are denominated respectively the major premise, the
minor premise, and the conclusion.
NOTE: &hand; If th e pr emises ar e no t true and the syllogism is
regular, the reasoning is valid, and the conclusion, whether true
or false, is correctly derived.
Syllogistic, Syllogistical
Syl`lo*gis"tic (?), Syl`lo*gis"tic*al (?), a. [L. syllogisticus,
Gr. syllogistique.] Of or pertaining to a syllogism; consisting of
a syllogism, or of the form of reasoning by syllogisms; as,
syllogistic arguments or reasoning.
Syllogistically
Syl`lo*gis"tic*al*ly, adv. In a syllogistic manner.
Syllogization
Syl`lo*gi*za"tion (?), n. A reasoning by syllogisms. [Obs. or R.]
Harris.
Syllogize
Syl"lo*gize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Syllogized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Syllogizing (?).] [Gr. syllogiser.] To reason by means of
syllogisms.
Men have endeavored . . . to teach boys to syllogize, or frame
arguments and refute them, without any real inward knowledge of the
question. I. Watts.
Syllogizer
Syl"lo*gi`zer (?), n. One who syllogizes.
Sylph
Sylph (?), n. [F. sylphe, m., fr. Gr.
1. An imaginary being inhabiting the air; a fairy.
2. Fig.: A slender, graceful woman.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of very brilliant South
American humming birds, having a very long and deeply-forked tail;
as, the blue-tailed sylph (Cynanthus cyanurus).
Sylphid
Sylph"id (?), n. [F. sylphide, fem. See Sylph.] A little sylph; a
young or diminutive sylph. "The place of the sylphid queen." J. R.
Drake.
Ye sylphs and sylphids, to your chief give ear, Fays, fairies,
genii, elves, and demons, hear. Pope.
Sylphine
Sylph"ine (?), a. Like a sylph.
Sylphish
Sylph"ish (?), a. Sylphlike. Carlyle.
Sylphlike
Sylph"like` (?), a. Like a sylph; airy; graceful.
Sometimes a dance . . . Displayed some sylphlike figures in its
maze. Byron.
Sylva
Syl"va (?), n.; pl. Sylv\'91 (#). [L. sylva, better silva, a wood.
See Silva.] (Bot.) Same as Silva.
Sylvan
Syl"van (?), a. [See Silvan, a.]
1. Of or pertaining to a sylva; forestlike; hence, rural; rustic.
The traditional memory of a rural and a sylvan region . . . is
usually exact as well as tenacious. De Quincey.
2. Abounding in forests or in trees; woody.
Sylvan
Syl"van, n. [L. Sylvanus, better Silvanus. See Silvan, a.] A fabled
deity of the wood; a satyr; a faun; sometimes, a rustic.
Her private orchards, walled on every side, To lawless sylvans all
access denied. Pope.
Sylvan
Syl"van, n. [Sylva + furfuran.] (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon
obtained together with furfuran (tetrol) by the distillation of
pine wood; -- called also methyl tetrol, or methyl furfuran.
Sylvanite
Syl"van*ite (?), n. [So called from Transylvania, where it was
first found.] (Min.) A mineral, a telluride of gold and silver, of
a steel-gray, silver-white, or brass-yellow color. It often occurs
in implanted crystals resembling written characters, and hence is
called graphic tellurium. [Written also silvanite.]
Sylvanium
Syl*va"ni*um (?), n. [NL., so called from Transylvania, where it
was first found.] (Chem.) An old name for tellurium. [Written also
silvanium.]
Sylvate
Syl"vate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sylvic acid.
Sylvatic
Syl*vat"ic (?), a. [L. sylvaticus, better silvaticus. See Silvan,
a.] Sylvan. [R.]
Sylvestrian
Syl*ves"tri*an (?), a. [L. sylvestris, better silvestris.] Sylvan.
[R.]
Sylvic
Syl"vic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, pine or
its products; specifically, designating an acid called also abeitic
acid, which is the chief ingredient of common resin (obtained from
Pinus sylvestris, and other species).
Sylvicoline
Syl*vic"o*line (?), a. [L. sylva, silva, forest + colere to
inhabit.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the family of warblers
(Sylvicolid\'91). See Warbler.
Sylviculture
Syl"vi*cul`ture (?), n. [L. sylva, silva, forest + E. culture.] The
cultivation of forest trees for timber or other purposes; forestry;
arboriculture.
Sylviculturist
Syl`vi*cul"tur*ist (?), n. One who cultivates forest trees,
especially as a business.
Sylvine, Sylvite
Syl"vine (?), Syl"vite (?), n. [So called from NL. sal digestivus
sylvii potassium chloride.] (Min.) Native potassium chloride.
Sym-
Sym- (?). See Syn-.
Symar, Symarr
Sy*mar" (?), Sy"marr, n. See Simar.
Symbal
Sym"bal (?), n. See Cimbal. [Obs.]
Symbol
Sym"bol (?), n. [L. symbolus, symbolum, Gr. symbole. Cf. Emblem,
Parable.]
1. A visible sign or representation of an idea; anything which
suggests an idea or quality, or another thing, as by resemblance or
by convention; an emblem; a representation; a type; a figure; as,
the lion is the symbol of courage; the lamb is the symbol of
meekness or patience.
A symbol is a sign included in the idea which it represents, e.g.,
an actual part chosen to represent the whole, or a lower form or
species used as the representative of a higher in the same kind.
Coleridge.
2. (Math.) Any character used to represent a quantity, an
operation, a relation, or an abbreviation.
NOTE: &hand; In cr ystallography, th e sy mbol of a plane is the
numerical expression which defines its position relatively to the
assumed axes.
3. (Theol.) An abstract or compendium of faith or doctrine; a
creed, or a summary of the articles of religion.
4. [Gr. That which is thrown into a common fund; hence, an
appointed or accustomed duty. [Obs.]
They do their work in the days of peace . . . and come to pay their
symbol in a war or in a plague. Jer. Taylor.
5. Share; allotment. [Obs.]
The persons who are to be judged . . . shall all appear to receive
their symbol. Jer. Taylor.
6. (Chem.) An abbreviation standing for the name of an element and
consisting of the initial letter of the Latin or New Latin name, or
sometimes of the initial letter with a following one; as, C for
carbon, Na for sodium (Natrium), Fe for iron (Ferrum), Sn for tin
(Stannum), Sb for antimony (Stibium), etc. See the list of names
and symbols under Element.
NOTE: &hand; In pu re an d organic chemistry there are symbols not
only for the elements, but also for their grouping in formulas,
radicals, or residues, as evidenced by their composition,
reactions, synthesis, etc. See the diagram of Benzene nucleus,
under Benzene.
Syn. -- Emblem; figure; type. See Emblem.
Symbol
Sym"bol, v. t. To symbolize. [R.] Tennyson.
Symbolic
Sym*bol"ic (?), n. [Cf. F. symbolique. See Symbolic, a.] (Theol.)
See Symbolics.
Symbolic, Symbolical
Sym*bol"ic (?), Sym*bol"ic*al (?), a. [L. symbolicus, Gr.
symbolique.] Of or pertaining to a symbol or symbols; of the nature
of a symbol; exhibiting or expressing by resemblance or signs;
representative; as, the figure of an eye is symbolic of sight and
knowledge. -- Sym*bol"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Sym*bol"ic*al*ness, n.
The sacrament is a representation of Christ's death by such
symbolical actions as he himself appointed. Jer. Taylor.
Symbolical delivery (Law), the delivery of property sold by delivering
something else as a symbol, token, or representative of it. Bouvier.
Chitty. -- Symbolical philosophy, the philosophy expressed by
hieroglyphics.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 1462
Symbolics
Sym*bol"ics (?), n. The study of ancient symbols; esp. (Theol.), that
branch of historic theology which treats of creeds and confessions of
faith; symbolism; -- called also symbolic.
Symbolism
Sym"bol*ism (?), n.
1. The act of symbolizing, or the state of being symbolized; as,
symbolism in Christian art is the representation of truth, virtues,
vices, etc., by emblematic colors, signs, and forms.
2. A system of symbols or representations.
3. (Chem.) (a) The practice of using symbols, or the system of
notation developed thereby. (b) A combining together of parts or
ingredients. [Obs.]
4. (Theol.) The science of creeds; symbolics.
Symbolist
Sym"bol*ist, n. One who employs symbols.
Symbolistic, Symbolistical
Sym`bol*is"tic (?), Sym`bol*is"tic*al (?), a. Characterized by the use
of symbols; as, symbolistic poetry.
Symbolization
Sym`bol*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. symbolisation.] The act of
symbolizing; symbolical representation. Sir T. Browne.
Symbolize
Sym"bol*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Symbolized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Symbolizing (?).] [Cf. F. symboliser.]
1. To have a resemblance of qualities or properties; to correspond; to
harmonize.
The pleasing of color symbolizeth with the pleasing of any single
tone to the ear; but the pleasing of order doth symbolize with
harmony. Bacon.
They both symbolize in this, that they love to look upon themselves
through multiplying glasses. Howell.
2. To hold the same faith; to agree. [R.]
The believers in pretended miracles have always previously
symbolized with the performers of them. G. S. Faber.
3. To use symbols; to represent ideas symbolically.
Symbolize
Sym"bol*ize, v. t.
1. To make to agree in properties or qualities.
2. To make representative of something; to regard or treat as
symbolic. "Some symbolize the same from the mystery of its colors."
Sir T. Browne.
3. To represent by a symbol or symbols.
Symbolizer
Sym"bol*i`zer (?), n. One who symbolizes.
Symbological
Sym`bo*log"i*cal (?), a. Pertaining to a symbology; versed in, or
characterized by, symbology.
Symbologist
Sym*bol"o*gist (?), n. One who practices, or who is versed in,
symbology.
Symbology
Sym*bol"o*gy (?), n. [Symbol + -logy.] The art of expressing by
symbols.
Symbranchii
Sym*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
slender eel-like fishes having the gill openings confluent beneath the
neck. The pectoral arch is generally attached to the skull, and the
entire margin of the upper jaw is formed by the premaxillary. Called
also Symbranchia.
Symmetral
Sym"me*tral (?), a. Commensurable; symmetrical. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
Symmetrian
Sym*me"tri*an (?), n. One eminently studious of symmetry of parts.
[R.] Sir P. Sidney.
Symmetric
Sym*met"ric (?), a. Symmetrical.
Symmetrical
Sym*met"ric*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sym\'82trique. See Symmetry.]
1. Involving or exhibiting symmetry; proportional in parts; having its
parts in due proportion as to dimensions; as, a symmetrical body or
building.
2. (Biol.) Having the organs or parts of one side correspponding with
those of the other; having the parts in two or more series of organs
the same in number; exhibiting a symmetry.See Symmetry, 2.
3. (Bot.) (a) Having an equal number of parts in the successive
circles of floral organs; -- said of flowers. (b) Having a likeness in
the form and size of floral organs of the same kind; regular.
4. (Math.) Having a common measure; commensurable. (b) Having
corresponding parts or relations.
NOTE: &hand; A curve or a plane figure is symmetrical with respect
to a given line, and a line, surface, or solid with respect to a
plane, when for each point on one side of the line or plane there
is a corresponding point on the other side, so situated that the
line joining the two corresponding points is perpendicular to the
line or plane and is bisectad by it. Two solids are symmetrical
when they are so situate dwith the respect to an intervening plane
that the several points of their surfaces thus correspond to each
other in position and distance. In analysis, an expression is
symmetrical with respect to several letters when any two of them
may change places without affecting the expression; as, the
expression a2b + ab2 + a2c + ac2 + b2c + bc2, is symmetrical with
respect to the letters a, b, c. -- Sym*met"ric*al*ly, adv. --
Sym*met"ric*al*ness, n.
Symmetrician
Sym`me*tri"cian (?), n. Same as Symmetrian. [R.] Holinshed.
Symmetrist
Sym"me*trist (?), n. One eminently studious of symmetry of parts. Sir
H. Wotton.
Symmetrize
Sym"me*trize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Symmetrized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Symmetrizing (?).] [Cf. F. sym\'82triser.] To make proportional in its
parts; to reduce to symmetry. Burke.
Symmetry
Sym"me*try (?), n. [L. symmetria, Gr. sym\'82trie. See Syn-, and Meter
rhythm.]
1. A due proportion of the several parts of a body to each other;
adaptation of the form or dimensions of the several parts of a thing
to each other; the union and conformity of the members of a work to
the whole.
2. (Biol.) The law of likeness; similarity of structure; regularity in
form and arrangement; orderly and similar distribution of parts, such
that an animal may be divided into parts which are structurally
symmetrical.
NOTE: &hand; Bi lateral symmetry, or two-sidedness, in vertebrates,
etc., is that in which the body can be divided into symmetrical
halves by a vertical plane passing through the middle; radial
symmetry, as in echinoderms, is that in which the individual parts
are arranged symmetrically around a central axis; serial symmetry,
or zonal symmetry, as in earthworms, is that in which the segments
or metameres of the body are disposed in a zonal manner one after
the other in a longitudinal axis. This last is sometimes called
metamerism.
3. (Bot.) (a) Equality in the number of parts of the successive
circles in a flower. (b) Likeness in the form and size of floral
organs of the same kind; regularity.
Axis of symmetry. (Geom.) See under Axis. -- Respective symmetry, that
disposition of parts in which only the opposite sides are equal to
each other.
Sympathetic
Sym`pa*thet"ic (?), a. [See Sympathy, and cf. Pathetic.]
1. Inclined to sympathy; sympathizing.
Far wiser he, whose sympathetic mind Exults in all the good of all
mankind. Goldsmith.
2. Produced by, or expressive of, sympathy.
Ope the sacred source of sympathetic tears. Gray.
3. (Physiol.) (a) Produced by sympathy; -- applied particularly to
symptoms or affections. See Sympathy. (b) Of or relating to the
sympathetic nervous system or some of its branches; produced by
stimulation on the sympathetic nervious system or some part of it; as,
the sympathetic saliva, a modified form of saliva, produced from some
of the salivary glands by stimulation of a sympathetic nerve fiber.
Sympathetic ink. (Chem.) See under Ink. -- Sympathetic nerve (Anat.),
any nerve of the sympathetic system; especially, the axial chain of
ganglions and nerves belonging to the sympathetic system. --
Sympathetic powder (Alchemy), a kind of powder long supposed to be
able to cure a wound if applied to the weapon that inflicted it, or
even to a portion of the bloody clothes. Dunglison. -- Sympathetic
sounds (Physics), sounds produced from solid bodies by means of
vibrations which have been communicated to them from some other
sounding body, by means of the air or an intervening solid. --
Sympathetic system (Anat.), a system of nerves and nerve ganglions
connected with the alimentary canal, the vascular system, and the
glandular organs of most vertebrates, and controlling more or less
their actions. The axial part of the system and its principal
ganglions and nerves are situated in the body cavity and form a chain
of ganglions on each side of the vertebral column connected with
numerous other ganglions and nerve plexuses.
Sympathetical
Sym`pa*thet"ic*al (?), a. Sympathetic.
Sympathetically
Sym`pa*thet"ic*al*ly, adv. In a sympathetic manner.
Sympathist
Sym"pa*thist (?), n. One who sympathizes; a sympathizer. [R.]
Coleridge.
Sympathize
Sym"pa*thize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sympathized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Sympathizing (?).] [F. sympathiser. See Sympathy.]
1. To have a common feeling, as of bodily pleasure or pain.
The mind will sympathize so much with the anguish and debility of
the body, that it will be too distracted to fix itself in
meditation. Buckminster.
2. To feel in consequence of what another feels; to be affected by
feelings similar to those of another, in consequence of knowing the
person to be thus affected.
Their countrymen . . . sympathized with their heroes in all their
adventures. Addison.
3. To agree; to be in accord; to harmonize. Dryden.
Sympathize
Sym"pa*thize, v. t.
1. To experience together. [Obs.] "This sympathized . . . error."
Shak.
2. To ansew to; to correspond to. [Obs.] Shak.
Sympathizer
Sym"pa*thi`zer (?), n. One who sympathizes.
Sympathy
Sym"pa*thy (?), n.; pl. Sympathies (#). [F. sympathie, L. sympathia,
Gr. Syn-, and Pathos.]
1. Feeling corresponding to that which another feels; the quality of
being affected by the affection of another, with feelings
correspondent in kind, if not in degree; fellow-feeling.
They saw, but other sight instead -- a crowd Of ugly serpents!
Horror on them fell, And horrid sympathy. Milton.
2. An agreement of affections or inclinations, or a conformity of
natural temperament, which causes persons to be pleased, or in accord,
with one another; as, there is perfect sympathy between them.
3. Kindness of feeling toward one who suffers; pity; commiseration;
compassion.
I value myself upon sympathy, I hate and despise myself for envy.
Kames.
4. (Physiol.) (a) The reciprocal influence exercised by the various
organs or parts of the body on one another, as manifested in the
transmission of a disease by unknown means from one organ to another
quite remote, or in the influence exerted by a diseased condition of
one part on another part or organ, as in the vomiting produced by a
tumor of the brain. (b) That relation which exists between different
persons by which one of them produces in the others a state or
condition like that of himself. This is shown in the tendency to yawn
which a person often feels on seeing another yawn, or the strong
inclination to become hysteric experienced by many women on seeing
another person suffering with hysteria.
5. A tendency of inanimate things to unite, or to act on each other;
as, the sympathy between the loadstone and iron. [R.]
6. Similarity of function, use office, or the like.
The adverb has most sympathy with the verb. Earle.
Syn. -- Pity; fellow-feeling; compassion; commiseration; tenderness;
condolence; agreement. -- Sympathy, Commiseration. Sympathy is
literally a fellow-feeling with others in their varied conditions of
joy or of grief. This term, however, is now more commonly applied to a
fellow-feeling with others under affliction, and then coincides very
nearly with commiseration. In this case it is commonly followed by
for; as, to feel sympathy for a friend when we see him distressed. The
verb sympathize is followed by with; as, to sympathize with a friend
in his distresses or enjoyments. "Every man would be a distinct
species to himself, were there no sympathy among individuals." South.
See Pity.
Fault, Acknowledged and deplored, in Adam wrought Commiseration.
Milton.
Sympetalous
Sym*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Pref. sym- + petal.] (Bot.) Having the petals
united; gamopetalous.
Symphonic
Sym*phon"ic (?), a.
1. Symphonious.
2. (Mus.) Relating to, or in the manner of, symphony; as, the
symphonic form or style of composition.
Symphonious
Sym*pho"ni*ous (?), a. [From Symphony.]
1. Agreeing in sound; accordant; harmonious.
Followed with acclamation and the sound Symphonious of ten thousand
harps. Milton.
2. (Mus.) Symphonic.
Symphonist
Sym"pho*nist (?), n. [Cf. F. symphoniste.] A composer of symphonies.
Symphonize
Sym"pho*nize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Symphonized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Symphonizing (?).] To agree; to be in harmony. [R.] Boyle.
Symphony
Sym"pho*ny (?), n.; pl. Symphonies (#). [F. symphonie (cf. It.
sinfonia), L. symphonia, Gr. Phonetic.]
1. A consonance or harmony of sounds, agreeable to the ear, whether
the sounds are vocal or instrumental, or both.
The trumpets sound, And warlike symphony in heard around. Dryden.
2. A stringed instrument formerly in use, somewhat resembling the
virginal.
With harp and pipe and symphony. Chaucer.
3. (Mus.) (a) An elaborate instrumental composition for a full
orchestra, consisting usually, like the sonata, of three or four
contrasted yet inwardly related movements, as the allegro, the adagio,
the minuet and trio, or scherzo, and the finale in quick time. The
term has recently been applied to large orchestral works in freer
form, with arguments or programmes to explain their meaning, such as
the "symphonic poems" of Liszt. The term was formerly applied to any
composition for an orchestra, as overtures, etc., and still earlier,
to certain compositions partly vocal, partly instrumental. (b) An
instrumental passage at the beginning or end, or in the course of, a
vocal composition; a prelude, interlude, or postude; a ritornello.
Symphyla
Sym*phy"la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of small
apterous insects having an elongated body, with three pairs of
thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs. They are, in many
respects, intermediate between myriapods and true insects.
Symphyseal
Sym*phys"e*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to to symphysis.
Symphyseotomy
Sym`phy*se*ot"o*my (?), n. [NL. symphysis pubis + Gr. (Surg.) The
operation of dividing the symphysis pubis for the purpose of
facilitating labor; -- formerly called the Sigualtian section.
[Written also symphysotomy.] Dunglison.
Symphysis
Sym"phy*sis (?), n.; pl. Symphyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) (a) An
articulation formed by intervening cartilage; as, the pubic symphysis.
(b) The union or coalescence of bones; also, the place of union or
coalescence; as, the symphysis of the lower jaw. Cf. Articulation.
Symphysotomy
Sym`phy*sot"o*my (?), n. Symphyseotomy.
Symphytism
Sym"phy*tism (?), n. [Gr. Coalescence; a growing into one with another
word. [R.]
Some of the phrasal adverbs have assumed the form of single words,
by that symphytism which naturally attaches these light elements to
each other. Earle.
Sympiesometer
Sym`pi*e*som"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] A sensitive kind of
barometer, in which the pressure of the atmosphere, acting upon a
liquid, as oil, in the lower portion of the instrument, compresses an
elastic gas in the upper part. <-- Figure of a sympiesometer, with
labeled parts. -->
NOTE: &hand; Th e co lumn of oil of a lower part BC of a glass tube
compresses hydrogen gas in the upper part AB, and is thus measured
on the scale pq by the position of a surface of the oil in the
tube. The scale pq is adjustable, and its index must be set to the
division on the scale rs corresponding to the temperature indicated
by the termometer t, in order to correct for the effects of
temperature on the gas. It is sensitive, and convenient for use at
sea, but inferior in accuracy to the mercurial barometer.
Symplectic
Sym*plec"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Anat.) Plaiting or joining together; --
said of a bone next above the quadrate in the mandibular suspensorium
of many fishes, which unites together the other bones of the
suspensorium. -- n. The symplectic bone.
Symploce
Sym"plo*ce (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) The repetition of a word or
phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses;
as, Justice came down from heaven to view the earth; Justice returned
to heaven, and left the earth.
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Sympode
Sym"pode (?), n. (Bot.) A sympodium.
Sympodial
Sym*po"di*al (?), a. (Bot.) Composed of superposed branches in such a
way as to imitate a simple axis; as, a sympodial stem.
Sympodium
Sym*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Sympodia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) An axis
or stem produced by dichotomous branching in which one of the branches
is regularly developed at the expense of the other, as in the
grapevine.
Symposiac
Sym*po"si*ac (?), a. [L. symposiacus, Gr. Of or pertaining to
compotations and merrymaking; happening where company is drinking
together; as, symposiac meetings.
Symposiac disputations amongst my acquaintance. Arbuthnot.
Symposiac
Sym*po"si*ac, n. A conference or conversation of philosophers at a
banquet; hence, any similar gathering.
Symposiarch
Sym*po"si*arch (?), n. [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.) The master of a feast. <-- =
M.C. -->
Symposiast
Sym*po"si*ast (?), n. One engaged with others at a banquet or
merrymaking. Sydney Smith.
Symposion
Sym*po"si*on (?), n. [NL.] A drinking together; a symposium. "Our
symposion last night." Sir W. Scott.
Symposium
Sym*po"si*um (?), n.; pl. Symposia (#). [L., fr. Gr. sympo`sion a
drinking party, feast; sy`n with + po`sis a drinking. See Syn-, and
cf. Potable.]
1. A drinking together; a merry feast. T. Warton.
2. A collection of short essays by different authors on a common
topic; -- so called from the appellation given to the philosophical
dialogue by the Greeks.
Symptom
Symp"tom (?), n. [F. sympt\'93me, Gr. pat to fly, to fall. See Syn-,
and cf. Asymptote, Feather.]
1. (Med.) Any affection which accompanies disease; a perceptible
change in the body or its functions, which indicates disease, or the
kind or phases of disease; as, the causes of disease often lie beyond
our sight, but we learn their nature by the symptoms exhibited.
Like the sick man, we are expiring with all sorts of good symptoms.
Swift.
2. A sign or token; that which indicates the existence of something
else; as, corruption in elections is a symptom of the decay of public
virtue. Syn. -- Mark; note; sign; token; indication.
Symptomatic, Symptomatical
Symp`tom*at"ic (?), Symp`tom*at"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. symptomatique,
Gr.
1. Of or pertaining to symptoms; happening in concurrence with
something; being a symptom; indicating the existence of something
else.
Symptomatic of a shallow understanding and an unamiable temper.
Macaulay.
2. According to symptoms; as, a symptomatical classification of
diseases. -- Symp`tom*at"ic*al*ly, adv.
Symptomatology
Symp`tom*a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. symptomatologie.]
(Med.) The doctrine of symptoms; that part of the science of medicine
which treats of the symptoms of diseases; semeiology.
NOTE: &hand; It in cludes di agnosis, or the determination of the
disease from its symptoms; and prognosis, or the determination of
its probable course and event.
Syn-
Syn- (?). [Gr. A prefix meaning with, along with, together, at the
same time. Syn- becomes sym- before p, b, and m, and syl- before l.
Synacme, Synacmy
Syn*ac"me (?), Syn*ac"my (?), n. [NL. synacme. See Syn-, and Acme.]
(Bot.) Same as Synanthesis.
Syn\'91resis, Syneresis
Syn*\'91r"e*sis, Syn*er"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Syn-, and Heresy.]
(Gram.) The union, or drawing together into one syllable, of two
vowels that are ordinarily separated in syllabification;
synecphonesis; -- the opposite of di\'91resis.
Synagogical
Syn`a*gog"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a synagogue.
Synagogue
Syn"a*gogue (?), n. [F., from L. synagoga, Gr. Syn-, and Agent.]
1. A congregation or assembly of Jews met for the purpose of worship,
or the performance of religious rites.
2. The building or place appropriated to the religious worship of the
Jews.
3. The council of, probably, 120 members among the Jews, first
appointed after the return from the Babylonish captivity; -- called
also the Great Synagogue, and sometimes, though erroneously, the
Sanhedrin.
4. A congregation in the early Christian church.
My brethren, . . . if there come into your synagogue a man with a
gold ring. James ii. 1,2 (Rev. Ver.).
5. Any assembly of men. [Obs. or R.] Milton.
Synalepha
Syn`a*le"pha (?), n. [NL., fr. L. synaloepha, Gr. (Gram.) A
contraction of syllables by suppressing some vowel or diphthong at the
end of a word, before another vowel or diphthong; as, th' army, for
the army. [Written also synal\'d2pha.]
Synallagmatic
Syn`al*lag*mat"ic, a. [Gr. (Law) Imposing reciprocal obligations upon
the parties; as, a synallagmatic contract. Bouvier.
Synallaxine
Syn`al*lax"ine (?), a. [From Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the outer and
middle toes partially united; -- said of certain birds related to the
creepers.
Synal\'d2pha
Syn`a*l\'d2"pha (?), n. [L.] Same as Synalepha.
Synangium
Syn*an"gi*um (?), n.; pl. Synangia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The
divided part beyond the pylangium in the aortic trunk of the amphibian
heart. -- Syn*an"gi*al (#), a.
Synantherous
Syn*an"ther*ous (?), a. [Pref. syn- + anther.] (Bot.) Having the
stamens united by their anthers; as, synantherous flowers.
Synanthesis
Syn`an*the"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The simultaneous maturity
of the anthers and stigmas of a blossom. Gray.
Synanthous
Syn*an"thous (?), a. [Pref. syn- + Gr. (Bot.) Having flowers and
leaves which appear at the same time; -- said of certain plants.
Synanthrose
Syn*an"throse" (?), n. [From NL. Synanther\'91 the Composit\'91; Gr.
(Chem.) A variety of sugar, isomeric with sucrose, found in the tubers
of the Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), in the dahlia, and
other Composit\'91.<-- ?? not in Merck I. -->
Synapta
Syn*ap"ta (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of slender,
transparent holothurians which have delicate calcareous anchors
attached to the dermal plates. See Illustration in Appendix.
Synaptase
Syn*ap"tase (?), n. [Gr. tase.] (Chem.) A ferment resembling diastase,
found in bitter almonds. Cf. Amygdalin, and Emulsin.
Synapticula
Syn`ap*tic"u*la (?), n.; pl. Synapticul\'91 (#). [NL., dim. from Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) One of numerous calcareous processes which extend between,
and unite, the adjacent septa of certain corals, especially of the
fungian corals.
Synarchy
Syn"ar*chy (?), n. [Gr. Joint rule or sovereignity. [R.] Stackhouse.
Synartesis
Syn`ar*te"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A fastening or knitting together;
the state of being closely jointed; close union. [R.] Coleridge.
Synarthrodia
Syn`ar*thro"di*a (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) Synarthrosis. --
Syn`ar*thro"di*al (#), a. Dunglison.
Synarthrosis
Syn`ar*thro"sis (?), n.; pl. Synarthroses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Immovable articulation by close union, as in sutures. It sometimes
includes symphysial articulations also. See the Note under
Articulation, n., 1.
Synastry
Syn"as*try (?), n. [Pref. syn- + Gr. Concurrence of starry position or
influence; hence, similarity of condition, fortune, etc., as
prefigured by astrological calculation. [R.] Motley.
Synaxis
Syn*ax"is (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Synagogue.] A congregation; also,
formerly, the Lord's Supper. Jer. Taylor.
Syncarp
Syn"carp (?), n. [NL. syncarpium. See Syncarpous.] (Bot.) A kind of
aggregate fruit in which the ovaries cohere in a solid mass, with a
slender receptacle, as in the magnolia; also, a similar multiple
fruit, as a mulberry.
Syncarpium
Syn*car"pi*um (?), n.; pl. Syncarpia (#). [NL.] (Bot.) Same as
Syncarp.
Syncarpous
Syn*car"pous (?), a. [Pref. syn- + Gr. (Bot.) Composed of several
carpels consolidated into one ovary.
Syncategorematic
Syn*cat`e*gor`e*mat"ic (?), a. [Gr. Syn-, and Categorematic.] (Logic)
Not capable of being used as a term by itself; -- said of words, as an
adverb or preposition.
Synchondrosis
Syn`chon*dro"sis (?), n.; pl. Synchondroses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
An immovable articulation in which the union is formed by cartilage.
-- Syn`chon*dro"si*al, a.
Synchondrotomy
Syn`chon*drot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) Symphyseotomy.
Synchoresis
Syn`cho*re"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A concession made for the
purpose of retorting with greater force.
Synchronal
Syn"chro*nal (?), a. [See Synchronous.] Happening at, or belonging to,
the same time; synchronous; simultaneous. Dr. H. More.
Synchronal
Syn"chro*nal, n. A synchronal thing or event.
Synchronical
Syn*chron"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. synchronique.] Happening at the same
time; synchronous. Boyle. -- Syn*chron"ic*al*ly, adv.
Synchronism
Syn"chro*nism (?), n. [Gr. Synchronous.]
1. The concurrence of events in time; simultaneousness.
2. The tabular arrangement of historical events and personages,
according to their dates.
3. (Paint.) A representation, in the same picture, of two or events
which occured at different times.
Synchronistic
Syn`chro*nis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to synchronism; arranged
according to correspondence in time; as, synchronistic tables.
Synchronization
Syn`chro*ni*za"tion (?), n. The act of synchronizing; concurrence of
events in respect to time.
Synchronize
Syn"chro*nize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Synchronized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Synchronizing (?).] [Gr. To agree in time; to be simultaneous.
The path of this great empire, through its arch of progress,
synchronized with that of Christianity. De Quincey.
Synchronize
Syn"chro*nize, v. t.
1. To assign to the same date or period of time; as, to synchronize
two events of Greek and Roman history. "Josephus synchronizes Nisan
with the Egyptian Pharmus." W. L. Bevan.
2. To cause to agree in time; as, to synchronize the movements of
different machines; to synchronize clocks.
Synchronology
Syn`chro*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Pref. syn- + Gr. -logy.] Contemporaneous
chronology.
Synchronous
Syn"chro*nous (?), a. [Gr. Chronicle.] Happening at the same time;
simultaneous. -- Syn"chro*nous*ly, adv.
Synchrony
Syn"chro*ny (?), n. The concurrence of events in time; synchronism.
[R.]
Geological contemporaneity is the same as chronological synchrony.
Huxley.
Synchysis
Syn"chy*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A derangement or confusion of any
kind, as of words in a sentence, or of humors in the eye. Sparkling
synchysis (Med.), a condition in which the vitreous humor is softened
and contains sparkling scales of cholesterin.
Synclastic
Syn*clas"tic (?), a. [Pref. syn- + Gr. kla^n to break.] (Math.
Physics) Curved toward the same side in all directions; -- said of
surfaces which in all directions around any point bend away from a
tangent plane toward the same side, as the surface of a sphere; --
opposed to anticlastic. Sir W. Thomson.
Synclinal
Syn*cli"nal (?), a. [Gr.
1. Inclined downward from opposite directions, so as to meet in a
common point or line.
2. (Geol.) Formed by strata dipping toward a common line or plane; as,
a synclinal trough or valley; a synclinal fold; -- opposed to
anticlinal.
NOTE: &hand; A downward flexure in the case of folded rocks makes a
synclinal axis, and the alternating upward flexure an anticlinal
axis.
Synclinal
Syn*cli"nal, n. (Geol.) A synclinal fold.
Syncline
Syn*cline" (?), n. (Geol.) A synclinal fold.
Synclinical
Syn*clin"ic*al (?), a. Synclinal. [R.]
Synclinorium
Syn`cli*no"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Synclinoria (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Geol.) A
mountain range owing its origin to the progress of a geosynclinal, and
ending in a catastrophe of displacement and upturning. Dana.
Syncopal
Syn"co*pal (?), a. Of or pertaining to syncope; resembling syncope.
Syncopate
Syn"co*pate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Syncopated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Syncopating.] [LL. syncopatus, p.p. of syncopare to syncopate, to
swoon. See Syncope.]
1. (Gram.) To contract, as a word, by taking one or more letters or
syllables from the middle; as, "Gloster" is a syncopated form of
"Gloucester."
2. (Mus.) To commence, as a tone, on an unaccented part of a measure,
and continue it into the following accented part, so that the accent
is driven back upon the weak part and the rhythm drags.
Syncopation
Syn`co*pa"tion (?), n.
1. (Gram.) The act of syncopating; the contraction of a word by taking
one or more letters or syllables from the middle; syncope.
2. (Mus.) The act of syncopating; a peculiar figure of rhythm, or
rhythmical alteration, which consists in welding into one tone the
second half of one beat with the first half of the beat which follows.
Syncope
Syn"co*pe (?), n. [L. syncope, syncopa, Gr.
1. (Gram.) An elision or retrenchment of one or more letters or
syllables from the middle of a word; as, ne'er for never, ev'ry for
every.
2. (Mus.) Same as Syncopation.
3. (Med.) A fainting, or swooning. See Fainting.
4. A pause or cessation; suspension. [R.]
Revely, and dance, and show, Suffer a syncope and solemn pause.
Cowper.
Syncopist
Syn"co*pist (?), n. One who syncopates. Addison.
Syncopize
Syn"co*pize (?), v. t. To syncopate.
Syncotyledonous
Syn*cot`y*led"on*ous (?), a. [Pref. syn- + cotyledonous.] (Bot.)
Having united cotyledonous.
Syncretic
Syn*cret"ic (?), a. Uniting and blending together different systems,
as of philosophy, morals, or religion. Smart.
Syncretism
Syn"cre*tism (?), n. [Gr. syncr\'82tisme.] Attempted union of
principles or parties irreconcilably at variance with each other.
He is plotting a carnal syncretism, and attempting the
reconcilement of Christ and Belial. Baxter.
Syncretism is opposed to eclecticism in philosophy. Krauth-Fleming.
Syncretist
Syn"cre*tist (?), n. [Cf. F. syncr\'82tiste.] One who attempts to
unite principles or parties which are irreconcilably at variance;
specifically (Eccl. Hist.), an adherent of George Calixtus and other
Germans of the seventeenth century, who sought to unite or reconcile
the Protestant sects with each other and with the Roman Catholics, and
thus occasioned a long and violent controversy in the Lutheran church.
Syncretistic
Syn`cre*tis"tic (?), a.
1. Pertaining to, or characterized by, syncretism; as, a syncretistic
mixture of the service of Jehovah and the worship of idols.
2. Of or pertaining to Syncretists.
Syncrisis
Syn"cri*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure of speech in which
opposite things or persons are compared. Crabb.
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Syncytium
Syn*cy"ti*um (?), n.; pl. Syncitia (#). [NL., from Gr.
1. (Biol.) Tissue in which the cell or partition walls are wholly
wanting and the cell bodies fused together, so that the tissue
consists of a continuous mass of protoplasm in which nuclei are
imbedded, as in ordinary striped muscle.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The ectoderm of a sponge.
Syndactyle
Syn*dac"tyle (?), n. [Pref. syn- + Gr. syndactyle.] (Zo\'94l.) Any
bird having syndactilous feet.
Syndactylic
Syn*dac*tyl"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Syndactilous.
Syndactylous
Syn*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having the toes firmly united
together for some distance, and without an intermediate web, as the
kingfishers; gressorial.
Syndesmography
Syn`des*mog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] A description of the
ligaments; syndesmology.
Syndesmology
Syn`des*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] That part of anatomy which
treats of ligaments.
Syndesmosis
Syn`des*mo"sis (?), n.; pl. Syndesmoses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) An
articulation formed by means of ligaments.
Syndetic, Syndetical
Syn*det"ic (?), Syn*det"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Asyndetic.] Connecting;
conjunctive; as, syndetic words or connectives; syndetic references in
a dictionary. -- Syn*det"ic*al*ly, adv.
With the syndetic juxtaposition of distinct members, the article is
not often repeated. C. J. Grece (Trans. Maetzner's Gram.).
Syndic
Syn"dic (?), n. [L. syndictus, Gr. syndic. See Teach.]
1. An officer of government, invested with different powers in
different countries; a magistrate.
2. (Law) An agent of a corporation, or of any body of men engaged in a
business enterprise; an advocate or patron; an assignee.
NOTE: &hand; In France, syndics are appointed by the creditors of a
bankrupt to manage the property. Almost all the companies in Paris,
the university, and the like, have their syndics. The university of
Cambridge, Eng., has its syndics, who are chosen from the senate to
transact special business, such as the regulation of fees, the
framing of laws, etc.
Syndicate
Syn"di*cate (?), n. [Cf. F. syndicat, LL. syndicatus.]
1. The office or jurisdiction of a syndic; a council, or body of
syndics. Bp. Burnet.
2. An association of persons officially authorized to undertake some
duty or to negotiate some business; also, an association of persons
who combine to carry out, on their own account, a financial or
industrial project; as, a syndicate of bankers formed to take up and
dispose of an entire issue of government bonds.
Syndicate
Syn"di*cate (?), v. t. [LL. syndicatus, p.p. of syndicare to censure.]
To judge; to censure. [Obs.]
Syndrome
Syn"dro*me (?), n. [NL., from Gr. Concurrence. [R.] Glanvill. <-- 2. A
group of symptoms occurring together that are characteristic and
indicative of some underlying cause, such as a disease. -->
Syndyasmian
Syn`dy*as"mi*an (?), a. [Gr. Pertaining to the state of pairing
together sexually; -- said of animals during periods of procreation
and while rearing their offspring. Morgan.
Syne
Syne (?), adv. [See Since.]
1. Afterwards; since; ago. [Obs. or Scot.] R. of Brunne.
2. Late, -- as opposed to soon.
[Each rogue] shall be discovered either soon or syne. W. Hamilton
(Life of Wallace).
Syne
Syne, conj. Since; seeing. [Scot.]
Synecdoche
Syn*ec"do*che (?), n. [L. synecdoche, Gr. (Rhet.) A figure or trope by
which a part of a thing is put for the whole (as, fifty sail for fifty
ships), or the whole for a part (as, the smiling year for spring), the
species for the genus (as, cutthroat for assassin), the genus for the
species (as, a creature for a man), the name of the material for the
thing made, etc. Bain.
Synecdochical
Syn`ec*doch"ic*al (?), a. Expressed by synecdoche; implying a
synecdoche.
Isis is used for Themesis by a synecdochical kind of speech, or by
a poetical liberty, in using one for another. Drayton.
Synecdochically
Syn`ec*doch"ic*al*ly, adv. By synecdoche.
Synechia
Syn*e"chi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A disease of the eye, in
which the iris adheres to the cornea or to the capsule of the
crystalline lens.
Synecphonesis
Syn*ec`pho*ne"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Gram.) A contraction of two
syllables into one; synizesis.
Synedral
Syn*e"dral (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Growing on the angles of a stem, as the
leaves in some species of Selaginella.
Synentognathi
Syn`en*tog"na*thi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of
fishes, resembling the Physoclisti, without spines in the dorsal,
anal, and ventral fins. It includes the true flying fishes.
Synepy
Syn"e*py (?), n. [Gr. (Rhet.) The interjunction, or joining, of words
in uttering the clauses of sentences.
Syneresis
Syn*er"e*sis (?), n. Same as Syn\'91resis.
Synergetic
Syn`er*get"ic (?), a. [Gr. Working together; co\'94perating; as,
synergetic muscles.
Synergism
Syn"er*gism (?), n. [See Synergetic.] (Theol.) The doctrine or theory,
attributed to Melanchthon, that in the regeneration of a human soul
there is a co\'94peration, or joint agency, on the part both of God
and of man. <-- 2. Same as synergy, 2. -->
Synergist
Syn"er*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. synergiste.]
1. One who holds the doctrine of synergism.
2. (Med.) A remedy which has an action similar to that of another
remedy, and hence increases the efficiency of that remedy when
combined with it. <-- 3. (Biochemistry) A chemical compound which
exhibits a synergistic effect on some biochemical or physiological
action, in combination with another compound. [A supertype of def. 2.]
-->
Synergistic
Syn`er*gis"tic (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to synergism. "A synergistic view of
regeneration." Shedd.
2. Co\'94perating; synergetic.
Synergy
Syn"er*gy (?), n. [Gr. Synergetic.] Combined action; especially
(Med.), the combined healty action of every organ of a particular
system; as, the digestive synergy. <-- 2. An effect of the interaction
of the actions of two agents such that the result of the combined
action is greater than expected as a simple additive combination of
the two agents acting separately. Also synergism. -->
Syngenesia
Syn`ge*ne"si*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of
plants in which the stamens are united by the anthers.
Syngenesian, Syngenesious
Syn`ge*ne"sian (?), Syn`ge*ne"sious (?), a. (Bot.) Having the stamens
united by the anthers; of or pertaining to the Syngenesia.
Syngenesis
Syn*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Pref. syn- + genesis.] (Biol.) A theory of
generation in which each germ is supposed to contain the germs of all
subsequent generations; -- the opposite of epigenesis.
Syngnathi
Syng"na*thi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of
lophobranch fishes which have an elongated snout and lack the ventral
and first dorsal fins. The pipefishes and sea horses are examples. --
Syng"na*thous (#), a.
Syngraph
Syn"graph (?), n. [L. syngrapha, Gr. (Law) A writing signed by both or
all the parties to a contract or bond.
Synizesis
Syn`i*ze"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Med.) An obliteration of the pupil of the eye.
2. (Gram.) A contraction of two syllables into one; synecphonesis.
Synneorosis
Syn`neo*ro"sis (?), n.; pl. Synneuroses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Syndesmosis.
Synocha
Syn"o*cha (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Synechia.] (Med.) See Synochus. [Obs.]
Synochal
Syn"o*chal (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to synocha; like synocha.
[Obs.]
Synochus
Syn"o*chus (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) A continuous fever. [Obs.]
NOTE: &hand; Sy nocha an d sy nochus we re us ed as epithets of two
distinct types of fever, but in different senses at different
periods. The same disease is placed under synocha by one author,
under synochus by another.
Quain.
Synocil
Syn"o*cil (?), n. [Pref. syn- + cilium.] (Zo\'94l.) A sense organ
found in certain sponges. It consists of several filaments, each of
which arises from a single cell.
Synod
Syn"od (?), n. [L. synodus, Gr. sino, seno, F. synode, both from the
Latin.]
1. (Eccl. Hist.) An ecclesiastic council or meeting to consult on
church matters.
NOTE: &hand; Sy nods ar e of four kinds: 1. General, or ecumenical,
which are compopsed of bishops from different nations; -- commonly
called general council. 2. National, composed of bishops of one
nation only. 3. Provincial, in which the bishops of only one
province meet; -- called also convocations. 4. Diocesan, a synod in
which the bishop of the diocese or his representative presides.
Among Presbyterians, a synod is composed of several adjoining
presbyteries. The members are the ministers and a ruling elder from
each parish.
2. An assembly or council having civil authority; a legislative body.
It hath in solemn synods been decreed, Both by the Syracusians and
ourselves, To admit no traffic to our adverse towns. Shak.
Parent of gods and men, propitious Jove! And you, bright synod of
the powers above. Dryden.
3. (Astron.) A conjunction of two or more of the heavenly bodies. [R.]
Milton.
Synodal
Syn"od*al (?), a. [L. synodalis: cf. F. synodal.] Synodical. Milton.
Synodal
Syn"od*al, n.
1. (Ch. of Eng.) A tribute in money formerly paid to the bishop or
archdeacon, at the time of his Easter visitation, by every parish
priest, now made to the ecclesiastical commissioners; a procuration.
Synodals are due, of common right, to the bishop only. Gibson.
2. A constitution made in a provincial or diocesan synod.
Synodic, Synodical
Syn*od"ic (?), Syn*od"ic*al (?), a. [L. synodicus, Gr. synodique.]
1. (Eccl.) Of or pertaining to a synod; transacted in, or authorized
by, a synod; as, synodical proceedings or forms. "A synodical
epistle." Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. (Astron.) Pertaining to conjunction, especially to the period
between two successive conjunctions; extending from one conjunction,
as of the moon or a planet with the sun, to the next; as, a synodical
month (see Lunar month, under Month); the synodical revolution of the
moon or a planet.
Synodically
Syn*od"ic*al*ly, adv. In a synodical manner; in a synod; by the
authority of a synod. "Synodically agreed upon." R. Nelson.
Synodist
Syn"od*ist (?), n. An adherent to a synod.
These synodists thought fit in Latin as yet to veil their decrees
from vulgar eyes. Fuller.
Syn\'d2cious
Syn*\'d2"cious (?), a. [Pref. syn- + Gr. (Bot.) Having stamens and
pistil in the same head, or, in mosses, having antheridia and
archegonia on the same receptacle.
Synomocy
Syn*om"o*cy (?), n. [Gr. Sworn brotherhood; a society in ancient
Greece nearly resembling a modern political club.
Synonym
Syn"o*nym (?), n.; pl. Synonyms (). [F. synonyme, L. synonyma, pl. of
synonymum, Gr. Synonymous.] One of two or more words (commonly words
of the same language) which are equivalents of each other; one of two
or more words which have very nearly the same signification, and
therefore may often be used interchangeably. See under Synonymous.
[Written also synonyme.]
All languages tend to clear themselves of synonyms as intellectual
culture advances, the superfluous words being taken up and
appropriated by new shades and combinations of thought evolved in
the progress of society. De Quincey.
His name has thus become, throughout all civilized countries, a
synonym for probity and philanthropy. Macaulay.
In popular literary acceptation, and as employed in special
dictionaries of such words, synonyms are words sufficiently alike
in general signification to be liable to be confounded, but yet so
different in special definition as to require to be distinguished.
G. P. Marsh.
Synonyma
Syn*on"y*ma (?), n. pl. [L.] Synonyms. [Obs.] Fuller.
Synonymal
Syn*on"y*mal (?), a. Synonymous. [Obs.]
Synonymally
Syn*on"y*mal*ly, adv. Synonymously. [Obs.]
Synonyme
Syn"o*nyme (?), n. Same as Synonym.
Synonymic
Syn`o*nym"ic (?), n. [Cf. G. synonymik. See Synonymous.] (Gram.)
The science, or the scientific treatment, of synonymous words.
Synonymic, Synonymical
Syn`o*nym"ic (?), Syn`o*nym"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to
synonyms, or synonymic; synonymous.
Synonymicon
Syn`o*nym"i*con (?), n. [NL.] A dictionary of synonyms. C. J.
Smith.
Synonymist
Syn*on"y*mist (?), n. [Cf. F. synonymiste.] One who collects or
explains synonyms.
Synonymize
Syn*on"y*mize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Synonymized (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Synonymizing (?).] To express by a synonym or synonyms; to
give the synonym or synonyms corresponding to.
This word "fortis" we may synonymize after all these fashions:
stout, hardy, valiant, doughty, courageous, adventurous, brave,
bold, daring, intrepid. Camden.
Synonymous
Syn*on"y*mous (?), a. [Gr. Syn-, and Name.] Having the character of
a synonym; expressing the same thing; conveying the same, or
approximately the same, idea. -- Syn*on"y*mous*ly, adv.
These words consist of two propositions, which are not distinct in
sense, but one and the same thing variously expressed; for wisdom
and understanding are synonymous words here. Tillotson.
Syn. -- Identical; interchangeable. -- Synonymous, Identical. If no
words are synonymous except those which are identical in use and
meaning, so that the one can in all cases be substituted for the
other, we have scarcely ten such words in our language. But the
term more properly denotes that the words in question approach so
near to each other, that, in many or most cases, they can be used
interchangeably. 1. Words may thus coincide in certain connections,
and so be interchanged, when they can not be interchanged in other
connections; thus we may speak either strength of mind or of force
of mind, but we say the force (not strength) of gravitation. 2. Two
words may differ slightly, but this difference may be unimportant
to the speaker's object, so that he may freely interchange them;
thus it makes but little difference, in most cases, whether we
speak of a man's having secured his object or having attained his
object. For these and other causes we have numerous words which
may, in many cases or connections, be used interchangeably, and
these are properly called synonyms. Synonymous words "are words
which, with great and essential resemblances of meaning, have, at
the same time, small, subordinate, and partial differences, --
these differences being such as either originally and on the ground
of their etymology inhered in them; or differences which they have
by usage acquired in the eyes of all; or such as, though nearly
latent now, they are capable of receiving at the hands of wise and
discreet masters of the tongue. Synonyms are words of like
significance in the main, but with a certain unlikeness as well."
Trench.
Synonymy
Syn*on"y*my (?), n. [L. synonymia, Gr. synonymie.]
1. The quality of being synonymous; sameness of meaning.
2. A system of synonyms.
3. (Rhet.) A figure by which synonymous words are used to amplify a
discourse.
Synopsis
Syn*op"sis (?), n.; pl. Synopses (#). [L., from Gr. optic.] A
general view, or a collection of heads or parts so arranged as to
exhibit a general view of the whole; an abstract or summary of a
discourse; a syllabus; a conspectus.
That the reader may see in one view the exactness of the method, as
well as force of the argument, I shall here draw up a short
synopsis of this epistle. Bp. Warburton.
Syn. -- Abridgment; compendium; epitome; abstract; summary;
syllabus; conspectus. See Abridgment.
Synoptic, Synoptical
Syn*op"tic (?), Syn*op"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. synoptique. See
Synopsis.] Affording a general view of the whole, or of the
principal parts of a thing; as, a synoptic table; a synoptical
statement of an argument. "The synoptic Gospels." Alford. --
Syn*op"tic*al*ly, adv.
Synoptic
Syn*op"tic, n. One of the first three Gospels of the New Testament.
See Synoptist.
Synoptist
Syn*op"tist (?), n. Any one of the authors of the three synoptic
Gospels, which give a history of our Lord's life and ministry, in
distinction from the writer of John's Gospel, which gives a fuller
record of his teachings.
Synosteology
Syn*os`te*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Pref. syn- + Gr. -logy.] That part of
anatomy which treats of joints; arthrology.
Synosteosis
Syn*os`te*o"sis (?), n.; pl. Synosteoses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Union by means of bone; the complete closing up and obliteration of
sutures.
Synostosis
Syn`os*to"sis (?), n. [NL.] Same as Synosteosis.
Synovia
Syn*o"vi*a (?), n. [NL., perhaps fr. Gr. ovum egg: cf. F. synovie.]
(Anat.) A transparent, viscid, lubricating fluid which contains
mucin and secreted by synovial membranes; synovial fluid.
______________________________________________________________
Page 1465
Synovial
Syn*o"vi*al (?), a. [Cf. F. synovial.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to
synovia; secreting synovia.
Synovial capsule, a closed sac of synovial membrane situated between
the articular surfaces at diarthrodial joints. -- Synovial fluid,
synovia. -- Synovial membrane, the dense and very smooth connective
tissue membrane which secretes synovia and surrounds synovial capsules
and other synovial cavities.
Synovitis
Syn`o*vi"tis (?), n. [NL. See Synovia, -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of
the synovial membrane.
Synpelmous
Syn*pel"mous (?), a. [Pref. syn- + (Zo\'94l.) Having the two main
flexor tendons of the toes blended together.
Synsepalous
Syn*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Pref. syn- + sepal.] (Bot.) Having united
sepals; gamosepalous.
Syntactic, Syntactical
Syn*tac"tic (?), Syn*tac"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. G. Syntax.] Of or
pertaining to syntax; according to the rules of syntax, or
construction. -- Syn*tac"tic*al*ly, adv.
Syntax
Syn"tax (?), n. [L. syntaxis, Gr. syntaxe. See Syn-, and Tactics.]
1. Connected system or order; union of things; a number of things
jointed together; organism. [Obs.]
They owe no other dependence to the first than what is common to
the whole syntax of beings. Glanvill.
2. That part of grammar which treats of the construction of sentences;
the due arrangement of words in sentences in their necessary
relations, according to established usage in any language.
Syntaxis
Syn*tax"is (?), n. Syntax. [R.] B. Jonson.
Synteresis
Syn`te*re"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Med.) Prophylaxis. [Obs.]
2. (Metaph.) Conscience viewed as the internal repository of the laws
of duty. Whewell.
Synteretic
Syn`te*ret"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Preserving health; prophylactic.
[Obs.]
Synteretics
Syn`te*ret"ics (?), n. (Med.) That department of medicine which
relates to the preservation of health; prophylaxis. [Obs.]<-- =
hygeine? -->
Synthermal
Syn*ther"mal (?), a. [Pref. syn- + thermal.] Having the same degree of
heat.
Synthesis
Syn"the*sis (?), n.; pl. Syntheses (#). [L., a mixture, properly, a
putting together, Gr. Thesis.]
1. Composition, or the putting of two or more things together, as in
compounding medicines.
2. (Chem.) The art or process of making a compound by putting the
ingredients together, as contrasted with analysis; thus, water is made
by synthesis from hydrogen and oxygen; hence, specifically, the
building up of complex compounds by special reactions, whereby their
component radicals are so grouped that the resulting substances are
identical in every respect with the natural articles when such occur;
thus, artificial alcohol, urea, indigo blue, alizarin, etc., are made
by synthesis.
3. (Logic) The combination of separate elements of thought into a
whole, as of simple into complex conceptions, species into genera,
individual propositions into systems; -- the opposite of analysis.
Analysis and synthesis, though commonly treated as two different
methods, are, if properly understood, only the two necessary parts
of the same method. Each is the relative and correlative of the
other. Sir W. Hamilton.
Synthesist
Syn"the*sist (?), n. One who employs synthesis, or who follows
synthetic methods.
Synthesize
Syn"the*size (?), v. t.
1. To combine by synthesis; to unite.
2. To produce by synthesis; as, to synthesize albumin.
Synthetic, Synthetical
Syn*thet"ic (?), Syn*thet"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. synth\'82tique.]
1. Of or pertaining to synthesis; consisting in synthesis or
composition; as, the synthetic method of reasoning, as opposed to
analytical.
Philosophers hasten too much from the analytic to the synthetic
method; that is, they draw general conclusions from too small a
number of particular observations and experiments. Bolingbroke.
2. (Chem.) Artificial. Cf. Synthesis, 2.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Comprising within itself structural or other characters
which are usually found only in two or more diverse groups; -- said of
species, genera, and higher groups. See the Note under Comprehensive,
3.
Synthetic, OR Synthetical language, an inflectional language, or one
characterized by grammatical endings; -- opposed to analytic language.
R. Morris.
Synthetically
Syn*thet"ic*al*ly, adv. In a synthetic manner.
Synthetize
Syn"the*tize (?), v. t. [Cf. Gr. To combine; to unite in regular
structure. [R.]
Syntomy
Syn"to*my (?), n. [Gr. Brevity; conciseness. [R.]
Syntonin
Syn"to*nin (?), n. [Cf. Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A proteid substance (acid
albumin) formed from the albuminous matter of muscle by the action of
dilute acids; -- formerly called musculin. See Acid albumin, under
Albumin.
Syphering
Sy"pher*ing (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Carp.) The lapping of
chamfered edges of planks to make a smooth surface, as for a bulkhead.
Syphilide
Syph"i*lide (?), n. [F.] (Med.) A cutaneous eruption due to syphilis.
Syphilis
Syph"i*lis (?), n. [NL., fr. Syphilus, the name of a shepherd in the
Latin poem of Fracastoro, "Syphilus, sive Morbus Gallicus," which was
published in 1530; Gr. (Med.) The pox, or venereal disease; a chronic,
specific, infectious disease, usually communicated by sexual
intercourse or by hereditary transmission, and occurring in three
stages known as primary, secondary, and tertiary syphilis. See under
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary.<-- a bacterial infection caused by
Treponema pallidum. Usu. tretable with penicillin or other beta-lactam
antibiotics. -->
Syphilitic
Syph`i*lit"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. syphilitique.] (Med.) Of or pertaining
to syphilis; of the nature of syphilis; affected with syphilis. -- n.
A syphilitic patient.
Syphilitically
Syph`i*lit"ic*al*ly (?), adv. (Med.) In a syphilitic manner; with
venereal disease.
Syphilization
Syph`i*li*za"tion (?), n. (Med.) Inoculation with the syphilitic
virus, especially when employed as a preventive measure, like
vaccination.
Syphilize
Syph"i*lize (?), v. t. (Med.) To inoculate with syphilis.
Syphiloderm
Syph"i*lo*derm (?), n. [See Syphilis, and Derm.] (Med.) A cutaneous
affection due to syphilis.
Syphilodermatous
Syph`i*lo*der"ma*tous (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to the cutaneous
manifestations of syphilis.
Syphiloid
Syph"i*loid (?), a. [Syphilis + -oid.] (Med.) Resembling syphilis.
Syphilologist
Syph`i*lol"o*gist (?), n. One skilled in syphilology.
Syphilology
Syph`i*lol"o*gy (?), n. [Syphilis + -logy.] That branch of medicine
which treats of syphilis.
Syphon
Sy"phon (?), n. See Syphon.
Syracuse
Syr"a*cuse (?), n. A red wine of Italy.
Syren
Sy"ren (?), n. See Siren. [R.]
Syriac
Syr"i*ac (?), a. [L. Syriacus, from Syria: cf. F. syriaque.] Of or
pertaining to Syria, or its language; as, the Syriac version of the
Pentateuch. -- n. The language of Syria; especially, the ancient
language of that country.
Syriacism
Syr"i*a*cism (?), n. A Syrian idiom; a Syrianism.
Syrian
Syr"i*an (?), a. [L. Syrius: cf. F. Syrien.] Of or pertaining to
Syria; Syriac. -- n. A native of Syria.
Syrianism
Syr"i*an*ism (?), n. A Syrian idiom, or a peculiarity of the Syrian
language; a Syriacism. Paley.
Syriasm
Syr"i*asm (?), n. A Syrian idiom; a Syrianism; a Syriacism. M. Stuart.
The Scripture Greek is observed to be full of Syriasms and
Hebraisms. Bp. Warburton.
Syringa
Sy*rin"ga (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Syringe.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of
plants; the lilac. (b) The mock orange; -- popularly so called because
its stems were formerly used as pipestems.
Syringe
Syr"inge (?), n. [F. seringue (cf. Pr. siringua, Sp. jeringa, It.
sciringa, scilinga), fg. Gr. svar to sound, and E. swarum. Cf.
Syringa.] A kind of small hand-pump for throwing a stream of liquid,
or for purposes of aspiration. It consists of a small cylindrical
barrel and piston, or a bulb of soft elastic material, with or without
valves, and with a nozzle which is sometimes at the end of a flexible
tube; -- used for injecting animal bodies, cleansing wounds, etc.
Garden syringe. See Garden.
Syringe
Syr"inge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Syringed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Syringing
(?).]
1. To inject by means of a syringe; as, to syringe warm water into a
vein.
2. To wash and clean by injection from a syringe.
Syringeal
Sy*rin"ge*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the syrinx; as, the
syringeal muscle.
Syringin
Sy*rin"gin (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside found in the bark of the lilac
(Syringa) and extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- formerly
called also lilacin.
Syringoc\'d2le
Sy*rin"go*c\'d2le (?), n. [Syrinx + Gr. (Anat.) The central canal of
the spinal cord. B. G. Wilder.
Syringotome
Sy*rin"go*tome (?), n. [Cf. F. syringotome. See Syringotomy.] (Surg. &
Anat.) A small blunt-pointed bistoury, -- used in syringotomy.
Syringotomy
Syr`in*got"o*my (?), n. [Gr. syringotomie.] (Surg.) The operation of
cutting for anal fistula.
Syrinx
Syr"inx (?), n.; pl. Syringes (#). [NL., from Gr.
1. (Mus.) A wind instrument made of reeds tied together; -- called
also pandean pipes.<-- pipes of Pan -->
2. (Anat.) The lower larynx in birds.
NOTE: &hand; In birds there are two laringes, an upper or true, but
voiceless, larynx in the usual position behind the tongue, and a
lower one, at or near the junction of the trachea and bronchi,
which is the true organ of the voice.
Syrma
Syr"ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Antiq.) A long dress, trailing on
the floor, worn by tragic actors in Greek and Roman theaters.
Syrphian
Syr"phi*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the syrphus flies.
-- n. (Zo\'94l.) A syrphus fly.
Syrphus fly
Syr"phus fly` (?). [NL. Syrphus, the generic name, fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)
Any one of numerous species of dipterous flies of the genus Syrphus
and allied genera. They are usually bright-colored, with yellow bands,
and hover around plants. The larv\'91 feed upon plant lice, and are,
therefore, very beneficial to agriculture.
Syrt
Syrt (?), n. [L. syrtis a sand bank in the sea, Gr. syrte.] A
quicksand; a bog. [R.] Young.
Syrtic
Syr"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a syrt; resembling syrt, or
quicksand. [R.] Ed. Rev.
Syrtis
Syr"tis (?), n.; pl. Syrtes (#). [See Syrt.] A quicksand.
Quenched in a boggy syrtis, neither sea Nor good dry land. Milton.
Syrup, n., Syrupy
Syr"up (?), n., Syr"up*y (?), a. [See Sirup.] Same as Sirup, Sirupy.
Syssarcosis
Sys`sar*co"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The junction of bones by
intervening muscles.
Systaltic
Sys*tal"tic (?), a. [L. systalticus drawing together, Gr. Sustaltic,
Systole.] (Physiol.) Capable of, or taking place by, alternate
contraction and dilatation; as, the systaltic action of the heart.
Systasis
Sys"ta*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. System.] A political union,
confederation, or league. [R.] Burke.
System
Sys"tem (?), n. [L. systema, Gr. syst\'8ame. See Stand.]
1. An assemblage of objects arranged in regular subordination, or
after some distinct method, usually logical or scientific; a complete
whole of objects related by some common law, principle, or end; a
complete exhibition of essential principles or facts, arranged in a
rational dependence or connection; a regular union of principles or
parts forming one entire thing; as, a system of philosophy; a system
of government; a system of divinity; a system of botany or chemistry;
a military system; the solar system. <-- Specifically, a computer
system. -->
The best way to learn any science, is to begin with a regular
system, or a short and plain scheme of that science well drawn up
into a narrow compass. I. Watts.
2. Hence, the whole scheme of created things regarded as forming one
complete plan of whole; the universe. "The great system of the world."
Boyle.
3. Regular method or order; formal arrangement; plan; as, to have a
system in one's business.
4. (Mus.) The collection of staves which form a full score. See Score,
n.
5. (Biol.) An assemblage of parts or organs, either in animal or
plant, essential to the performance of some particular function or
functions which as a rule are of greater complexity than those
manifested by a single organ; as, the capillary system, the muscular
system, the digestive system, etc.; hence, the whole body as a
functional unity.
6. (Zo\'94l.) One of the stellate or irregular clusters of intimately
united zooids which are imbedded in, or scattered over, the surface of
the common tissue of many compound ascidians.
Block system, Conservative system, etc. See under Block, Conservative,
etc.
Systematic, Systematical
Sys`tem*at"ic (?), Sys`tem*at"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. syst\'82matique.]
1. Of or pertaining to system; consisting in system; methodical;
formed with regular connection and adaptation or subordination of
parts to each other, and to the design of the whole; as, a systematic
arrangement of plants or animals; a systematic course of study.
Now we deal much in essays, and unreasonably despise systematical
learning; whereas our fathers had a just value for regularity and
systems. I. Watts.
A representation of phenomena, in order to answer the purposes of
science, must be systematic. Whewell.
2. Proceeding according to system, or regular method; as, a systematic
writer; systematic benevolence.
3. Pertaining to the system of the world; cosmical.
These ends may be called cosmical, or systematical. Boyle.
4. (Med.) Affecting successively the different parts of the system or
set of nervous fibres; as, systematic degeneration. <-- affecting the
whole body, as contrasted with local. -->
Systematic theology. See under Theology.
Systematically
Sys`tem*at"ic*al*ly, adv. In a systematic manner; methodically.
Systematism
Sys"tem*a*tism (?), n. The reduction of facts or principles to a
system. Dunglison.
Systematist
Sys"tem*a*tist (?), n. [Cf. F. syst\'82matiste.]
1. One who forms a system, or reduces to system.
2. One who adheres to a system.
Systematization
Sys`tem*a*ti*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. syst\'82matization.] The act or
operation of systematizing.
Systematize
Sys"tem*a*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Systematized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Systematizing (?).] [Cf. F. syst\'82matiser. Cf. Systemize.] To
reduce to system or regular method; to arrange methodically; to
methodize; as, to systematize a collection of plants or minerals; to
systematize one's work; to systematize one's ideas.
Diseases were healed, and buildings erected, before medicine and
architecture were systematized into arts. Harris.
Systematizer
Sys"tem*a*ti`zer (?), n. One who systematizes.
Aristotle may be called the systematizer of his master's doctrines.
Harris.
Systematology
Sys`tem*a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The doctrine of, or a treatise
upon, systems. Dunglison.
Systemic
Sys*tem"ic (?), a.
1. Of or relating to a system; common to a system; as, the systemic
circulation of the blood.
2. (Anat. & Physiol.) Of or pertaining to the general system, or the
body as a whole; as, systemic death, in distinction from local death;
systemic circulation, in distinction from pulmonic circulation;
systemic diseases.
Systemic death. See the Note under Death, n., 1.
Systemization
Sys`tem*i*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of systematizing;
systematization.
Systemize
Sys"tem*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Systemized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Systemizing (?).] [Cf. Systematize.] To reduce to system; to
systematize.
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Systemizer
Sys"tem*i`zer (?), n. One who systemizes, or reduces to system; a
systematizer.
Systemless
Sys"tem*less, a.
1. Being without system.
2. (Nat. Hist.) Not agreeing with some artificial system of
classification.
3. (Biol.)Not having any of the distinct systems or types of
structure, as the radiate, articulate, etc., characteristic of organic
nature; as, all unicellular organisms are systemless.
Systole
Sys"to*le (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Gram.) The shortening of the long syllable.
2. (Physiol.) The contraction of the heart and arteries by which the
blood is forced onward and the circulation kept up; -- correlative to
diastole.
Systolic
Sys*tol"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to systole, or contraction;
contracting; esp., ralating to the systole of the heart; as, systolic
murmur. Dunglison.
Systyle
Sys"tyle (?), a. [L. systylos, Gr. systyle.] (Arch.) Having a space
equal to two diameters or four modules between two columns; -- said of
a portico or building. See Intercolumniation. -- n. A systyle temple
or other edifice.
Syth, Sythe
Syth (?), Sythe (?), prep., adv., conj. & n. See Sith, Sithe. [Obs.]
Chaucer. Piers Plowman.
Sythe
Sythe (?), n. Scythe. [Obs. or R.]
Syzygial
Sy*zyg"i*al (?), a. Pertaining to a syzygy.
Syzygy
Syz"y*gy (?), n.; pl. Syzygies (#). [L. syzygia a joining together,
conjunction, Gr. syzygie. See Yoke, n.]
1. (Astron.) The point of an orbit, as of the moon or a planet, at
which it is in conjunction or opposition; -- commonly used in the
plural.
2. (Gr. & L. Pros.) The coupling together of different feet; as, in
Greek verse, an iambic syzygy.
3. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of the segments of an arm of a crinoid
composed of two joints so closely united that the line of union is
obliterated on the outer, though visible on the inner, side. (b) The
immovable union of two joints of a crinoidal arm.
Line of syzygies (Astron.), the straight line connecting the earth,
the sun, and the moon or a planet, when the latter is in conjunction
or opposition; -- used chiefly of the moon.
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