Z Z (z&emac;; in England commonly, and in America sometimes, z&ecr;d; formerly, also, &icr;z"z&ecr;rd) Z, the twenty-sixth and last letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. It is taken from the Latin letter Z, which came from the Greek alphabet, this having it from a Semitic source. The ultimate origin is probably Egyptian. Etymologically, it is most closely related to s, y, and j; as in glass, glaze; E. yoke, Gr. yugum; E. zealous, jealous. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 273, 274. Za Za (?), n. (Min.) An old solfeggio name for B flat; the seventh harmonic, as heard in the or \'91olian string; -- so called by Tartini. It was long considered a false, but is the true note of the chord of the flat seventh. H. W. Poole. Zabaism, Zabism Za"ba*ism (?), Za"bism (?), n. See Sabianism. Zabian Za"bi*an (?), a. & n. See Sabian. Zacco Zac"co (?), n. (Arch.) See Zocco. Zachun Za*chun" (?), n. (Bot.) An oil pressed by the Arabs from the fruit of a small thorny tree (Balanites \'92gyptiaca), and sold to piligrims for a healing ointment. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants). Zaerthe Zaer"the (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Z&aum;rthe. Zaffer Zaf"fer (?), n. [F. zafre, safre; cf. Sp. zafra, safra, It. saffera, G. zaffer; all probably of Arabic origin. Cf. Zaphara.] A pigment obtained, usually by roasting cobalt glance with sand or quartz, as a dark earthy powder. It consists of crude cobalt oxide, or of an impure cobalt arseniate. It is used in porcelain painting, and in enameling pottery, to produce a blue color, and is often confounded with smalt, from which, however, it is distinct, as it contains no potash. The name is often loosely applied to mixtures of zaffer proper with silica, or oxides of iron, manganese, etc. [Written also zaffre, and formerly zaffree, zaffar, zaffir.] Zaim Zaim (?; 277), n. [Turk. & Ar. za'\'c6m.] A Turkish chief who supports a mounted militia bearing the same name. Smart. Zaimet Zaim"et (?; 277), n. [Turk. & Ar. za'\'c6met.] A district from which a Zaim draws his revenue. Smart. Zain Zain (?), n. A horse of a dark color, neither gray nor white, and having no spots. Smart. Zalambdodont Za*lamb"do*dont (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a tribe (Zalambdodonta) of Insectivora in which the molar teeth have but one V-shaped ridge. Zalambdodont Za*lamb"do*dont, n. One of the Zalambdodonta. The tenrec, solenodon, and golden moles are examples. Zamang Za*mang" (?), n. (Bot.) An immense leguminous tree (Pithecolobium Saman) of Venezuela. Its branches form a hemispherical mass, often one hundred and eighty feet across. The sweet pulpy pods are used commonly for feeding cattle. Also called rain tree. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants). Zambo Zam"bo (?), n.; pl. Zambos (#). [See Sambo.] The child of a mulatto and a negro; also, the child of an Indian and a negro; colloquially or humorously, a negro; a sambo. Zamia Za"mi*a (?), n. [L. zamia a kind of fir cone, from Gr. (Bot.) A genus of cycadaceous plants, having the appearance of low palms, but with exogenous wood. See Coontie, and Illust. of Strobile. Zamindar Zam`in*dar" (?), n. [Hind. zem\'c6nd\'ber, zam\'c6nd\'ber, a landholder, Per. zam\'c6nd\'ber; zam\'c6n land d\'ber holding.] A landowner; also, a collector of land revenue; now, usually, a kind of feudatory recognized as an actual proprietor so long as he pays to the government a certain fixed revenue. [Written also zemindar.] [India] Zamindary, Zamindari Zam"in*da*ry (?), Zam"in*da*ri (?), n. The jurisdiction of a zamindar; the land possessed by a zamindar. [Written also zemindary, zemindari.] Zamite Za"mite (?), n. (Paleon.) A fossil cycad of the genus Zamia. Zamouse Za*mouse" (?), n. [From a native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A West African buffalo (Bubalus brachyceros) having short horns depressed at the base, and large ears fringed internally with three rows of long hairs. It is destitute of a dewlap. Called also short-horned buffalo, and bush cow. Zampogna Zam*po"gna (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A sort of bagpipe formerly in use among Italian peasants. It is now almost obsolete. [Written also zampugna.] Zander Zan"der (?), n. [Cf. D. zand sand.] (Zo\'94l.) A European pike perch (Stizostedion lucioperca) allied to the wall-eye; -- called also sandari, sander, sannat, schill, and zant. Zandmole Zand"mole` (?), n. [Cf. D. zand sand. See Sand, and Mole the animal.] (Zo\'94l.) The sand mole. Zante Zan"te (?), n. (Bot.) See Zantewood. Zante currant Zan"te cur"rant (?). A kind of seedless grape or raisin; -- so called from Zante, one of the Ionian Islands. Zantewood Zan"te*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) A yellow dyewood; fustet; -- called also zante, and zante fustic. See Fustet, and the Note under Fustic. (b) Satinwood (Chloroxylon Swietenia). Zantiot Zan"ti*ot (?), n. A native or inhabitant of Zante, one of the Ionian Islands. Zany Za"ny (?), n.; pl. Zanies (#). [It. zanni a buffoon, merry-andrew, orig. same as Giovanni John, i. e., merry John, L. Ioannes, Gr. Y\'d3kh\'ben\'ben, prop., the Lord graciously gave: cf. F. zani, fr. the Italian. Cf. Jenneting.] A merry-andrew; a buffoon. Then write that I may follow, and so be Thy echo, thy debtor, thy foil, thy zany. Donne. Preacher at once, and zany of thy age. Pope. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1678 Zany Za"ny (?), v. t. To mimic. [Obs.] Your part is acted; give me leave at distance To zany it. Massinger. Zanyism Za"ny*ism (?), n. State or character of a zany; buffoonery. Coleridge. H. Morley. Zaphara Zaph"a*ra (?), n. Zaffer. Zaphrentis Za*phren"tis (?), n. [NL.] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of cyathophylloid corals common in the Paleozoic formations. It is cup-shaped with numerous septa, and with a deep pit in one side of the cup. Zapotilla Zap`o*til"la (?), n. (Bot.) See Sapodilla. Zaptiah Zap"ti*ah (?), n. A Turkish policeman. [Written also zaptieh.] Zarathustrian, Zarathustric Zar`a*thus"tri*an (?), Zar`a*thus"tric (?), a. Of or pertaining to Zarathustra, or Zoroaster; Zoroastrian. Tylor. Zarathustrism Zar`a*thus"trism (?), n. See Zoroastrianism. Zaratite Zar"a*tite (?), n. (Min.) [Named after Gen. Zarata of Spain.] A hydrous carbonate of nickel occurring as an emerald-green incrustation on chromite; -- called also emerald nickel. Zareba Za*re"ba (?), n. (Mil.) An improvised stockade; especially, one made of thorn bushes, etc. [Written also zareeba, and zeriba.] [Egypt] "Ah," he moralizes, "what wonderful instinct on the part of this little creature to surround itself with a zareba like the troops after Osman Digma." R. Jefferies. Zarnich Zar"nich (?), n. [F., fr. Ar. az-zern\'c6kh, fr. Gr. Arsenic.] (Min.) Native sulphide of arsenic, including sandarach, or realgar, and orpiment. Z\'84rthe Z\'84r"the (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A European bream (Abramis vimba). [Written also zaerthe.] Zati Za"ti (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of macaque (Macacus pileatus) native of India and Ceylon. It has a crown of long erect hair, and tuft of radiating hairs on the back of the head. Called also capped macaque. Zauschneria Zau*schne"ri*a (?), n. [NL., named for M. Zauschner, a Bohemian botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of flowering plants. Zauschneria Californica is a suffrutescent perennial, with showy red flowers much resembling those of the garden fuchsia. Zax Zax (?), n. A tool for trimming and puncturing roofing states. [Written also sax.] Zayat Za"yat (?; 277), n. A public shed, or portico, for travelers, worshipers, etc. [Burmah] Zea Ze"a (?), n. [L., a kind of grain, fr. Gr. yava barley.] (Bot.) A genus of large grasses of which the Indian corn (Zea Mays) is the only species known. Its origin is not yet ascertained. See Maize. Zeal Zeal (?), n. [F. z\'8ale; cf. Pg. & It. zelo, Sp. zelo, celo; from L. zelus, Gr. Yeast, Jealous.] 1. Passionate ardor in the pursuit of anything; eagerness in favor of a person or cause; ardent and active interest; engagedness; enthusiasm; fervor. "Ambition varnished o'er with zeal." Milton. "Zeal, the blind conductor of the will." Dryden. "Zeal's never-dying fire." Keble. I bear them record that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge. Rom. x. 2. A zeal for liberty is sometimes an eagerness to subvert with little care what shall be established. Johnson. 2. A zealot. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Zeal Zeal, v. i. To be zealous. [Obs. & R.] Bacon. Zealant Zeal"ant (?), n. One who is zealous; a zealot; an enthusiast. [Obs.] To certain zealants, all speech of pacification is odious. Bacon. Zealed Zealed (?), a. Full of zeal; characterized by zeal. [Obs.] "Zealed religion." Beau. & Fl. Zealful Zeal"ful (?), a. Full of zeal. [R.] Sylvester. Zealless Zeal"less (?), a. Wanting zeal. Hammond. Zealot Zeal"ot (?), n. [F. z\'82lote, L. zelotes, Gr. Zeal.] One who is zealous; one who engages warmly in any cause, and pursues his object with earnestness and ardor; especially, one who is overzealous, or carried away by his zeal; one absorbed in devotion to anything; an enthusiast; a fanatical partisan. Zealots for the one [tradition] were in hostile array against zealots for the other. Sir J. Stephen. In Ayrshire, Clydesdale, Nithisdale, Annandale, every parish was visited by these turbulent zealots. Macaulay. Zealotical Zea*lot"ic*al (?), a. Like, or suitable to, a zealot; ardently zealous. [R.] Strype. Zealotism Zeal"ot*ism (?), n. The character or conduct of a zealot; zealotry. Zealotist Zeal"ot*ist, n. A zealot. [Obs.] Howell. Zealotry Zeal"ot*ry (?), n. The character and behavior of a zealot; excess of zeal; fanatical devotion to a cause. Enthusiasm, visionariness, seems the tendency of the German; zeal, zealotry, of the English; fanaticism, of the French. Coleridge. Zealous Zeal"ous (?; 277), a. [LL. zelosus. See Zeal.] 1. Filled with, or characterized by, zeal; warmly engaged, or ardent, in behalf of an object. He may be zealous in the salvation of souls. Law. 2. Filled with religious zeal. [Obs.] Shak. -- Zeal"ous*ly, adv. -- Zeal"ous*ness, n. Zebec Ze"bec (?), n. (Naut.) See Xebec. Zebra Ze"bra (?), n. [Pg. zebra; cf. Sp. cebra; probably from a native African name.] (Zo\'94l.) Either one of two species of South African wild horses remarkable for having the body white or yellowish white, and conspicuously marked with dark brown or brackish bands. NOTE: &hand; Th e tr ue or mountain zebra (Equus, OR Asinus, zebra) is nearly white, and the bands which cover the body and legs are glossy black. Its tail has a tuft of black hair at the tip. It inhabits the mountains of Central and Southern Africa, and is noted for its wariness and wildness, as well as for its swiftness. The second species (Equus, OR Asinus, Burchellii), known as Burchell's zebra, and dauw, inhabits the grassy plains of South Africa, and differs from the preceding in not having dark bands on the legs, while those on the body are more irregular. It has a long tail, covered with long white flowing hair. Zebra caterpillar, the larva of an American noctuid moth (Mamestra picta). It is light yellow, with a broad black stripe on the back and one on each side; the lateral stripes are crossed with withe lines. It feeds on cabbages, beets, clover, and other cultivated plants. -- Zebra opossum, the zebra wolf. See under Wolf. -- Zebra parrakeet, an Australian grass parrakeet, often kept as a cage bird. Its upper parts are mostly pale greenish yellow, transversely barred with brownish black crescents; the under parts, rump, and upper tail coverts, are bright green; two central tail feathers and the cheek patches are blue. Called also canary parrot, scallop parrot, shell parrot, and undulated parrot. -- Zebra poison (Bot.), a poisonous tree (Euphorbia arborea) of the Spurge family, found in South Africa. Its milky juice is so poisonous that zebras have been killed by drinking water in which its branches had been placed, and it is also used as an arrow poison. J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants). -- Zebra shark. Same as Tiger shark, under Tiger. -- Zebra spider, a hunting spider. -- Zebra swallowtail, a very large North American swallow-tailed butterfly (Iphiclides ajax), in which the wings are yellow, barred with black; -- called also ajax. -- Zebra wolf. See under Wolf. Zebrawood Ze"bra*wood` (?), n. (a) A kind of cabinet wood having beautiful black, brown, and whitish stripes, the timber of a tropical American tree (Connarus Guianensis). (b) The wood of a small West Indian myrtaceous tree (Eugenia fragrans). (c) The wood of an East Indian tree of the genus Guettarda. Zebrine Ze"brine (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or resembling, the zebra. Zebu Ze"bu (?), n. [z\'82bu; of uncertain origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A bovine mammal (Ros Indicus) extensively domesticated in India, China, the East Indies, and East Africa. It usually has short horns, large pendulous ears, slender legs, a large dewlap, and a large, prominent hump over the shoulders; but these characters vary in different domestic breeds, which range in size from that of the common ox to that of a large mastiff. NOTE: &hand; So me of th e varieties are used as beasts of burden, and some fore for riding, while others are raised for their milk and flesh. The Brahmin bull, regarded as sacred by the Hindoos, also belongs to this species. The male is called also Indian bull, Indian ox, Madras ox, and sacred bull. Zebub Ze"bub (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large noxious fly of Abyssinia, which like the tsetse fly, is destructive to cattle. Zechin Ze"chin (?; 277), n. See Sequin. Zechstein Zech"stein` (?), n. [Gr., fr. zeche a mine + stein a stone.] (Geol.) The upper division of the Permian (Dyas) of Europe. The prevailing rock is a magnesian limestone. Zed Zed (?), n. [F., probably through It. zeta, fr. L. zeta. See Zeta.] The letter Z; -- called also zee, and formerly izzard. "Zed, thou unnecessary letter!" Shak. Zedoary Zed"o*a*ry (?), n. [F. z\'82doaire, LL. zedoaria; cf. It. zedoaria, zettovario, Pg. zedoaria, Sp. zedoaria, cedoaria; all fr. Ar. & Per. zedw.] (Med.) A medicinal substance obtained in the East Indian, having a fragrant smell, and a warm, bitter, aromatic taste. It is used in medicine as a stimulant. NOTE: &hand; It is th e rh izome of different species of Curcuma, esp. C. zedoaria, and comes in short, firm pieces, externally of a wrinkled gray, ash-colored appearance, but within of a brownish red color. There are two kinds, round zedoary, and long zedoary. Zeekoe Zee"koe (?), n. [D., sea cow, lake cow.] (Zo\'94l.) A hippopotamus. Zehner Zeh"ner (?), n. [G.] An Austrian silver coin equal to ten kreutzers, or about five cents. Zein Ze"in (?), n. [Cf. F. z\'82\'8bne. See Zea.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous substance of the nature of gluten, obtained from the seeds of Indian corn (Zea) as a soft, yellowish, amorphous substance. [Formerly written zeine.] Zemindar Zem`in*dar" (?), n. Same as Zamindar. Zemindary, Zemindari Zem"in*da*ry (?), Zem"in*da*ri (?), n. Same as Zamindary. Zemni Zem"ni (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The blind mole rat (Spalax typhlus), native of Eastern Europe and Asia. Its eyes and ears are rudimentary, and its fur is soft and brownish, more or less tinged with gray. It constructs extensive burrows. Zenana Ze*na"na (?), n. [Hind. zen\'bena, zan\'bena, fr. Per. zan\'bena, fr. zan woman; akin to E. queen.] The part of a dwelling appropriated to women. [India] Zend Zend (?), n. [See Zend-Avesta.] Properly, the translation and exposition in the Huzv&acir;resh, or literary Pehlevi, language, of the Avesta, the Zoroastrian sacred writings; as commonly used, the language (an ancient Persian dialect) in which the Avesta is written. Zend-Avesta Zend`-A*ves"ta (?), n. [Properly, the Avesta, or sacred text, and its zend, or interpretation, in a more modern and intelligible language. W. D. Whitney.] The sacred writings of the ancient Persian religion, attributed to Zoroaster, but chiefly of a later date. Zendik Zen"dik (?), n. [Ar. zand\'c6k.] An atheist or unbeliever; -- name given in the East to those charged with disbelief of any revealed religion, or accused of magical heresies. Zenick Ze"nick (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A South African burrowing mammal (Suricata tetradactyla), allied to the civets. It is grayish brown, with yellowish transverse stripes on the back. Called also suricat. Zenik Ze"nik (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Zenick. Zenith Ze"nith (?; 277), n. [OE. senyth, OF. cenith, F. z\'82nith, Sp. zenit, cenit, abbrev. fr. Ar. samt-urras way of the head, vertical place; samt way, path + al the + ras head. Cf. Azimuth.] 1. That point in the visible celestial hemisphere which is vertical to the spectator; the point of the heavens directly overhead; -- opposed to nadir. From morn To noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve, A summer's day; and with the setting sun Dropped from the zenith, like a falling star. Milton. 2. hence, figuratively, the point of culmination; the greatest height; the height of success or prosperity. I find my zenith doth depend upon A most auspicious star. Shak. This dead of midnight is the noon of thought, And wisdom mounts her zenith with the stars. Mrs. Barbauld. It was during those civil troubles . . . this aspiring family reached the zenith. Macaulay. Zenith distance. (Astron.) See under Distance. -- Zenith sector. (Astron.) See Sector, 3. -- Zenith telescope (Geodesy), a telescope specially designed for determining the latitude by means of any two stars which pass the meridian about the same time, and at nearly equal distances from the zenith, but on opposite sides of it. It turns both on a vertical and a horizontal axis, is provided with a graduated vertical semicircle, and a level for setting it to a given zenith distance, and with a micrometer for measuring the difference of the zenith distances of the two stars. Zenithal Ze"nith*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the zenith. "The deep zenithal blue." Tyndall. Zeolite Ze"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite: cf. F. z\'82olithe.] (Min.) A term now used to designate any one of a family of minerals, hydrous silicates of alumina, with lime, soda, potash, or rarely baryta. Here are included natrolite, stilbite, analcime, chabazite, thomsonite, heulandite, and others. These species occur of secondary origin in the cavities of amygdaloid, basalt, and lava, also, less frequently, in granite and gneiss. So called because many of these species intumesce before the blowpipe. Needle zeolite, needlestone; natrolite. Zeolitic Ze`o*lit"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a zeolite; consisting of, or resembling, a zeolite. Zeolitiform Ze`o*lit"i*form (?), a. Having the form of a zeolite. Zephyr Zeph"yr (?), n. [L. zephyrus, Gr. z\'82phyr.] The west wind; poetically, any soft, gentle breeze. "Soft the zephyr blows." Gray. As gentle As zephyrs blowing below the violet. Shak. Zephyr cloth, a thin kind of cassimere made in Belgium; also, a waterproof fabric of wool. -- Zephyr shawl, a kind of thin, light, embroidered shawl made of worsted and cotton. -- Zephyr yarn, OR worsted, a fine, soft kind of yarn or worsted, -- used for knitting and embroidery. Zephyrus Zeph"y*rus (?), n. [L. See Zephyr.] The west wind, or zephyr; -- usually personified, and made the most mild and gentle of all the sylvan deities. Mild as when Zephyrus on Flora breathes. Milton. Zequin Ze"quin (?), n. See Sequin. Zerda Zer"da (?), n. [Of African origin.] (Zo\'94l.) The fennec. Zeriba Ze*ri"ba (?), n. (Mil.) Same as Zareba. Zero Ze"ro (?), n; pl. Zeros (#) or Zeroes. [F. z\'82ro, from Ar. &cced;afrun, &cced;ifrun, empty, a cipher. Cf. Cipher.] 1. (Arith.) A cipher; nothing; naught. 2. The point from which the graduation of a scale, as of a thermometer, commences. NOTE: &hand; Zero in the Centigrade, or Celsius thermometer, and in the R\'82aumur thermometer, is at the point at which water congeals. The zero of the Fahrenheit thermometer is fixed at the point at which the mercury stands when immersed in a mixture of snow and common salt. In Wedgwood's pyrometer, the zero corresponds with 1077\'f8 on the Fahrenheit scale. See Illust. of Thermometer. 3. Fig.: The lowest point; the point of exhaustion; as, his patience had nearly reached zero. Absolute zero. See under Absolute. -- Zero method (Physics), a method of comparing, or measuring, forces, electric currents, etc., by so opposing them that the pointer of an indicating apparatus, or the needle of a galvanometer, remains at, or is brought to, zero, as contrasted with methods in which the deflection is observed directly; -- called also null method. -- Zero point, the point indicating zero, or the commencement of a scale or reckoning. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1679 Zest Zest (?), n. [F. zeste, probably fr. L. schistos split, cleft, divided, Gr. Schism.] 1. A piece of orange or lemon peel, or the aromatic oil which may be squeezed from such peel, used to give flavor to liquor, etc. 2. Hence, something that gives or enhances a pleasant taste, or the taste itself; an appetizer; also, keen enjoyment; relish; gusto. Almighty Vanity! to thee they owe Their zest of pleasure, and their balm of woe. Young. Liberality of disposition and conduct gives the highest zest and relish to social intercourse. Gogan. 3. The woody, thick skin inclosing the kernel of a walnut. [Obs.] Zest Zest, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Zested; p. pr. & vb. n. Zesting.] 1. To cut into thin slips, as the peel of an orange, lemon, etc.; to squeeze, as peel, over the surface of anything. 2. To give a relish or flavor to; to heighten the taste or relish of; as, to zest wine. Gibber. Zeta Ze"ta (?), n. [L., from Gr. Zed.] A Greek letter [z] corresponding to our z. Zetetic Ze*tet"ic (?), a. [Gr. z\'82t\'82tique.] Seeking; proceeding by inquiry. Zetetic method (Math.), the method used for finding the value of unknown quantities by direct search, in investigation, or in the solution of problems. [R.] Hutton. Zetetic Ze*tet"ic, n. A seeker; -- a name adopted by some of the Pyrrhonists. Zetetics Ze*tet"ics (?), n. [See Zetetic, a.] (Math.) A branch of algebra which relates to the direct search for unknown quantities. [R.] Zeuglodon Zeu"glo*don (?), n. [Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of extinct Eocene whales, remains of which have been found in the Gulf States. The species had very long and slender bodies and broad serrated teeth. See Phocodontia. Zeuglodont Zeu"glo*dont (?), (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Zeuglodonta. Zeuglodonta Zeu`glo*don"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Phocodontia. Zeugma Zeug"ma (?), n. [L., from Gr. Yoke.] (Gram.) A figure by which an adjective or verb, which agrees with a nearer word, is, by way of supplement, referred also to another more remote; as, "hic illius arma, hic currus fuit;" where fuit, which agrees directly with currus, is referred also to arma. Zeugmatic Zeug*mat"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to zeugma; characterized by zeugma. Zeugobranchiata Zeu`go*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Zygobranchia. Zeus Zeus (?), n. (Gr. Myth.) The chief deity of the Greeks, and ruler of the upper world (cf. Hades). He was identified with Jupiter. Zeuzerian Zeu*ze"ri*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of a group of bombycid moths of which the genus Zeuzera is the type. Some of these moths are of large size. The goat moth is an example. Zeylanite Zey"lan*ite (?), n. (Min.) See Ceylanite. Zibet, Zibeth Zib"et, Zib"eth (?), n. [Cf. It. zibetto. See Civet.] (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous mammal (Viverra zibetha) closely allied to the civet, from which it differs in having the spots on the body less distinct, the throat whiter, and the black rings on the tail more numerous. NOTE: &hand; It in habits In dia, So uthern Ch ina, an d th e East Indies. It yields a perfume similar to that of the civet. It is often domesticated by the natives, and then serves the same purposes as the domestic cat. Called also Asiatic, OR Indian, civet. Ziega Zie"ga (?), n. Curd produced from milk by adding acetic acid, after rennet has ceased to cause coagulation. Brande & C. Zietrisikite Zie`tri*si"kite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral wax, vert similar to ozocerite. It is found at Zietrisika, Moldavia, whence its name. Zif Zif (?), n. [Heb. ziv.] The second month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, corresponding to our May. Zigger, Zighyr Zig"ger, Zig"hyr (?), v. i. (Mining) Same as Sicker. [Prov. Eng.] Raymond. Zigzag Zig"zag` (?), n. [F. zigzag, G. zickzack, from zacke, zacken, a dentil, tooth. Cf. Tack a small nail.] 1. Something that has short turns or angles. The fanatics going straight forward and openly, the politicians by the surer mode of zigzag. Burke. 2. (Arch.) A molding running in a zigzag line; a chevron, or series of chevrons. See Illust. of Chevron, 3. 3. (Fort.) See Boyau. Zigzag Zig"zag` (?), a. Having short, sharp turns; running this way and that in an onward course. Zigzag Zig"zag`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Zigzagged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Zigzagging.] To form with short turns. Zigzag Zig"zag`, v. i. To move in a zigzag manner; also, to have a zigzag shape. R. Browning. Zigzaggery Zig"zag`ger*y (?), n. The quality or state of being zigzag; crookedness. [R.] The . . . zigzaggery of my father's approaches. Sterne. Zigzaggy Zig"zag`gy, a. Having sharp turns. Barham. Zilla Zil"la (?), n. (Bot.) A low, thorny, suffrutescent, crucifeous plant (Zilla myagroides) found in the deserts of Egypt. Its leaves are boiled in water, and eaten, by the Arabs. Zillah Zil"lah (?), n. [Ar. zila.] A district or local division, as of a province. [India] Zimb Zimb (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large, venomous, two-winged fly, native of Abyssinia. It is allied to the tsetse fly, and, like the latter, is destructive to cattle. Ziment-water Zim"ent-wa`ter (?), n. [G. cement-wasser. See Cement.] A kind of water found in copper mines; water impregnated with copper. Zinc Zinc (?), n. [G. zinc, probably akin to zinn tin: cf. F. zinc, from the German. Cf. Tin.] (Chem.) An abundant element of the magnesium-cadmium group, extracted principally from the minerals zinc blende, smithsonite, calamine, and franklinite, as an easily fusible bluish white metal, which is malleable, especially when heated. It is not easily oxidized in moist air, and hence is used for sheeting, coating galvanized iron, etc. It is used in making brass, britannia, and other alloys, and is also largely consumed in electric batteries. Symbol Zn. Atomic weight 64.9 [Formerly written also zink.] Butter of zinc (Old Chem.), zinc chloride, ZnCl2, a deliquescent white waxy or oily substance. -- Oxide of zinc. (Chem.) See Zinc oxide, below. -- Zinc amine (Chem.), a white amorphous substance, Zn(NH2)2, obtained by the action of ammonia on zinc ethyl; -- called also zinc amide. -- Zinc amyle (Chem.), a colorless, transparent liquid, composed of zinc and amyle, which, when exposed to the atmosphere, emits fumes, and absorbs oxygen with rapidity. -- Zinc blende [cf. G. zinkblende] (Min.), a native zinc sulphide. See Blende, n. (a) -- Zinc bloom [cf. G. zinkblumen flowers of zinc, oxide of zinc] (Min.), hydrous carbonate of zinc, usually occurring in white earthy incrustations; -- called also hydrozincite. -- Zinc ethyl (Chem.), a colorless, transparent, poisonous liquid, composed of zinc and ethyl, which takes fire spontaneously on exposure to the atmosphere. -- Zinc green, a green pigment consisting of zinc and cobalt oxides; -- called also Rinmann's green. -- Zinc methyl (Chem.), a colorless mobile liquid Zn(CH3)2, produced by the action of methyl iodide on a zinc sodium alloy. It has a disagreeable odor, and is spontaneously inflammable in the air. It has been of great importance in the synthesis of organic compounds, and is the type of a large series of similar compounds, as zinc ethyl, zinc amyle, etc. -- Zinc oxide (Chem.), the oxide of zinc, ZnO, forming a light fluffy sublimate when zinc is burned; -- called also flowers of zinc, philosopher's wool, nihil album, etc. The impure oxide produced by burning the metal, roasting its ores, or in melting brass, is called also pompholyx, and tutty. -- Zinc spinel (Min.), a mineral, related to spinel, consisting essentially of the oxides of zinc and aluminium; gahnite. -- Zinc vitriol (Chem.), zinc sulphate. See White vitriol, under Vitriol. -- Zinc white, a white powder consisting of zinc oxide, used as a pigment. Zinc Zinc, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Zincked OR Zinced (; p. pr. & vb. n. Zincking OR Zincing (.] To coat with zinc; to galvanize. Zincane Zinc"ane (?), n. (Chem.) Zinc chloride. [Obs.] Zincic Zinc"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, zinc; zincous. Zincide Zinc"ide (?), n. A binary compound of zinc. [R.] Zinciferous Zinc*if"er*ous (?), a. [Zinc + -ferous.] Containing or affording zinc. Zincification Zinc`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act or process of applying zinc; the condition of being zincified, or covered with zinc; galvanization. Zincify Zinc"i*fy (?), v. t. [Zinc + -fy.] (Metal.) To coat or impregnate with zinc. Zincite Zinc"ite (?), n. (Min.) Native zinc oxide; a brittle, translucent mineral, of an orange-red color; -- called also red zinc ore, and red oxide of zinc. Zincking, OR Zincing Zinck"ing, OR Zinc"ing (?), n. (Metal.) The act or process of applying zinc; galvanization. Zincky Zinck"y (?), Pertaining to zinc, or having its appearance. [Written also zinky.] Zinco- Zin"co- (?). A combining form from zinc; in chemistry, designating zinc as an element of certain double compounds. Also used adjectively. Zincode Zinc"ode (?), n. [Zinc + -ode, as in electrode.] (Elec.) The positive electrode of an electrolytic cell; anode. [R.] Miller. Zincographer Zin*cog"ra*pher (?), n. Am engraver on zinc. Zincongraphic, Zincongraphical Zin`con*graph"ic (?), Zin`con*graph"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to zincography; as, zincographic processes. Zincography Zin*cog"ra*phy (?), n. [Zinco- + -graphy.] The art or process of engraving or etching on zinc, in which the design is left in relief in the style of a wood cut, the rest of the ground being eaten away by acid. Zincoid Zinc"oid (?), a. [Zinc + -oid.] Pertaining to, or resembling, zinc; -- said of the electricity of the zincous plate in connection with a copper plate in a voltaic circle; also, designating the positive pole. [Obs.] Zinco-polar Zin`co-po"lar (?), a. [Zinco- + polar.] (Elec.) Electrically polarized like the surface of the zinc presented to the acid in a battery, which has zincous affinity. [Obs.] Zincous Zinc"ous (?), a. 1. (Chem.) (a) Of, pertaining to, or containing, zinc; zincic; as, zincous salts. (b) Hence, formerly, basic, basylous, as opposed to chlorous. 2. (Physics) Of or pertaining to the positive pole of a galvanic battery; electro-positive. Zingaro Zin"ga*ro (?), n.; pl. Zingari (#). [It.] A gypsy. Zingel Zing"el (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A small, edible, freshwater European perch (Aspro zingel), having a round, elongated body and prominent snout. Zingiberaceous Zin`gi*ber*a"ceous (?), a. [L. zingiber ginger. See Ginger.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to ginger, or to a tribe (Zingibere\'91) of endogenous plants of the order Scitamine\'91. See Scitamineous. Zink Zink (?), n. (Chem.) See Zinc. [Obs.] Zinken\'c6te Zink"en*\'c6te (?), n. [From Zinken, director at one time of the Hanoverian mines.] (Min.) A steel-gray metallic mineral, a sulphide of antimony and lead. Zinky Zink"y (?), a. See Zincky. Kirwan. Zinnia Zin"ni*a (?), n. [NL. So called after Professor Zinn, of G\'94ttingen.] (Bot.) Any plant of the composite genus Zinnia, Mexican herbs with opposite leaves and large gay-colored blossoms. Zinnia elegans is the commonest species in cultivation. Zinnwaldite Zinn"wald*ite (?), n. [So called after Zinnwald, in Bohemia, where it occurs.] (Min.) A kind of mica containing lithium, often associated with tin ore. Zinsang Zin"sang (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The delundung. Zinziberaceous Zin`zi*ber*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Same as Zingiberaceous. Zion Zi"on (?), n. [Heb. ts\'c6y, originally, a hill.] 1. (Jewish Antiq.) A hill in Jerusalem, which, after the capture of that city by the Israelites, became the royal residence of David and his successors. 2. Hence, the theocracy, or church of God. 3. The heavenly Jerusalem; heaven. Ziphioid Ziph"i*oid (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Xiphioid. Zirco- Zir"co- (?). (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively) designating zirconium as an element of certain double compounds; zircono-; as in zircofluoric acid, sodium zircofluoride. Zircofluoride Zir`co*flu"or*ide (?), n. (Chem.) A double fluoride of zirconium and hydrogen, or some other positive element or radical; as, zircofluoride of sodium. Zircon Zir"con (?), n. [F., the same word as jargon. See Jargon a variety of zircon.] (Min.) A mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals, usually of a brown or gray color. It consists of silica and zirconia. A red variety, used as a gem, is called hyacinth. Colorless, pale-yellow or smoky-brown varieties from Ceylon are called jargon.<-- 2. an imitation gemstone made of cubic zirconia. --> Zircon syenite, a coarse-grained syenite containing zircon crystals and often also el\'91olite. It is largely developed in Southern Norway. Zircona Zir"co*na (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) Zirconia. Zirconate Zir"con*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of zirconic acid. Zirconia Zir*co"ni*a (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) The oxide of zirconium, obtained as a white powder, and possessing both acid and basic properties. On account of its infusibility, and brilliant luminosity when incandescent, it is used as an ingredient of sticks for the Drummomd light. <-- cubic zirconia. A colorless form of zirconia similar in appearance and refractivity to diamond, and used as a substitute for diamonds in inexpensive jewelry. --> Zirconic Zir*con"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, zirconium; as, zirconic oxide; zirconic compounds. Zirconic acid, an acid of zirconium analogous to carbonic and silicic acids, known only in its salts. Zirconium Zir*co"ni*um (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) A rare element of the carbon-silicon group, intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, obtained from the mineral zircon as a dark sooty powder, or as a gray metallic crystalline substance. Symbol Zr. Atomic weight, 90.4. Zircono Zir"co*no (?). See Zirco-. Zirconoid Zir"con*oid (?), n. [Zircon + oid.] (Crystallog.) A double eight-sided pyramid, a form common with tetragonal crystals; -- so called because this form often occurs in crystals of zircon. Zither Zith"er (?), n. [G. zither. See Cittern.] (Mus.) An instrument of music used in Austria and Germany. It has from thirty to forty wires strung across a shallow sounding-board, which lies horizontally on a table before the performer, who uses both hands in playing on it. NOTE: [Not to be co nfounded with the old lute-shaped cittern, or cithern.] Zittern Zit"tern (?), n. (Min.) See Cittern. Zizania Zi*za"ni*a (?), n. [NL., from L. zizanium darnel, cockle, Gr. (Bot.) A genus of grasses including Indian rice. See Indian rice, under Rice. Zizel Ziz"el (?), n. [G. ziesel.] (Zo\'94l.) The suslik. [Written also zisel.] Zoanthacea Zo`an*tha"ce*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of Actinaria, including Zoanthus and allied genera, which are permanently attached by their bases. Zoantharia Zo`an*tha"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Anthozoa. Zoantharian Zo`an*tha"ri*an (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Zoantharia. -- n. One of the Anthozoa. Zoanthodeme Zo*an"tho*deme (?), n. [See Zoantharia, and Deme.] (Zo\'94l.) The zooids of a compound anthozoan, collectively. Zoanthoid Zo*an"thoid (?), a. [See Zoantharia, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Zoanthacea. Zoanthropy Zo*an"thro*py (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A kind of monomania in which the patient believes himself transformed into one of the lower animals. Zoanthus Zo*an"thus (?), n. [NL. See Zoantharia.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Actinaria, including numerous species, found mostly in tropical seas. The zooids or polyps resemble small, elongated actinias united together at their bases by fleshy stolons, and thus forming extensive groups. The tentacles are small and bright colored. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1680 Zobo Zo"bo (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A kind of domestic cattle reared in Asia for its flesh and milk. It is supposed to be a hybrid between the zebu and the yak. Zocle Zo"cle (?; 277), n. (Arch.) Same as Socle. Zocco, Zoccolo Zoc"co (?), Zoc"co*lo (?), n. [It. fr. L. socculus. See Socle, and cf. Zacco.] (Arch.) Same as Socle. Zodiac Zo"di*ac (?), n. [F. zodiaque (cf. It. zodiaco), fr. L. zodiacus, Gr. 1. (Astron.) (a) An imaginary belt in the heavens, 16° or 18° broad, in the middle of which is the ecliptic, or sun's path. It comprises the twelve constellations, which one constituted, and from which were named, the twelve signs of the zodiac. (b) A figure representing the signs, symbols, and constellations of the zodiac. 2. A girdle; a belt. [Poetic & R.] By his side, As in a glistering zodiac, hung the sword. Milton. Zodiacal Zo*di"a*cal (?), a. [Cf. F. zodiacal.] (Astron.) Of or pertaining to the zodiac; situated within the zodiac; as, the zodiacal planets. Zodiacal light, a luminous tract of the sky, of an elongated, triangular figure, lying near the ecliptic, its base being on the horizon, and its apex at varying altitudes. It is to be seen only in the evening, after twilight, and in the morning before dawn. It is supposed to be due to sunlight reflected from multitudes of meteoroids revolving about the sun nearly in the plane of the ecliptic. Zo\'89a Zo"\'89*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar larval stage of certain decapod Crustacea, especially of crabs and certain Anomura. [Written also zo\'91a.] NOTE: &hand; In th is st age th e an terior pa rt of th e body is relatively large, and usually bears three or four long spines. The years are conspicuous, and the antenn\'91 and jaws are long, fringed organs used in swimming. The thoracic legs are undeveloped or rudimentary, the abdomen long, slender, and often without appendages. The zo\'89a, after casting its shell, changes to a megalops. Zoetrope Zo"e*trope (?), n. [Gr. An optical toy, in which figures made to revolve on the inside of a cylinder, and viewed through slits in its circumference, appear like a single figure passing through a series of natural motions as if animated or mechanically moved. Zohar Zo"har (?), n. [Heb. z candor, splendor.] A Jewish cabalistic book attributed by tradition to Rabbi Simon ben Yochi, who lived about the end of the 1st century, a. d. Modern critics believe it to be a compilation of the 13th century. Encyc. Brit. Zoic Zo"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to animals, or animal life. Zoide Zo"ide (?), n. (Biol.) See Meride. Zoilean Zo*il"e*an (?), a. Having the characteristic of Zoilus, a bitter, envious, unjust critic, who lived about 270 years before Christ. Zoilism Zo"i*lism (?), n. Resemblance to Zoilus in style or manner; carping criticism; detraction. Bring candid eyes the perusal of men's works, and let not Zoilism or detraction blast well-intended labors. Sir T. Browne. Zoisite Zois"ite (?), n. [After its discoverer, Von Zois, an Austrian mineralogist.] (Min.) A grayish or whitish mineral occurring in orthorhombic, prismatic crystals, also in columnar masses. It is a silicate of alumina and lime, and is allied to epidote. Zokor Zo"kor (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) An Asiatic burrowing rodent (Siphneus aspalax) resembling the mole rat. It is native of the Altai Mountains. Zollverein Zoll"ve*rein` (?), n. [G., from zoll duty + verein union.] Literally, a customs union; specifically, applied to the several customs unions successively formed under the leadership of Prussia among certain German states for establishing liberty of commerce among themselves and common tariff on imports, exports, and transit. NOTE: &hand; In 18 34 a zollverein was established which included most of the principal German states except Austria. This was terminated by the events of 1866, and in 1867 a more closely organized union was formed, the administration of which was ultimately merged in that of the new German empire, with which it nearly corresponds territorially. Zomboruk Zom"bo*ruk (?), n. (Mil.) See Zumbooruk. Zona Zo"na (?), n.; pl. Zon\'91 (#). [L., a girdle. See Zone.] A zone or band; a layer. Zona pellucida. [NL.] (Biol.) (a) The outer transparent layer, or envelope, of the ovum. It is a more or less elastic membrane with radiating stri\'91, and corresponds to the cell wall of an ordinary cell. See Ovum, and Illust. of Microscope. (b) The zona radiata. -- Zona radiata [NL.] (Biol.), a radiately striated membrane situated next the yolk of an ovum, or separated from it by a very delicate membrane only. Zonal Zon"al (?), a. [L. zonalis.] Of or pertaining to a zone; having the form of a zone or zones. Zonal equation (Crystallog.), the mathematical relation which belongs to all the planes of a zone, and expresses their common position with reference to the axes. -- Zonal structure (Crystallog.), a structure characterized by the arrangements of color, inclusions, etc., of a crystal in parallel or concentric layers, which usually follow the outline of the crystal, and mark the changes that have taken place during its growth. -- Zonal symmetry. (Biol.) See the Note under Symmetry. Zonar Zo"nar (?), n. [Mod. Gr. Zone.] A belt or girdle which the Christians and Jews of the Levant were obliged to wear to distinguish them from Mohammedans. [Written also zonnar.] Zonaria Zo*na"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Mammalia in which the placenta is zonelike. Zonate Zon"ate (?), a. (Bot.) Divided by parallel planes; as, zonate tetraspores, found in certain red alg\'91. Zone Zone (?), n. [F. zone, L. zona, Gr. j to gird, Zend y\'beh.] 1. A girdle; a cincture. [Poetic] An embroidered zone surrounds her waist. Dryden. Loose were her tresses seen, her zone unbound. Collins. 2. (Geog.) One of the five great divisions of the earth, with respect to latitude and temperature. NOTE: &hand; Th e zo nes ar e five: the torrid zone, extending from tropic to tropic 46° 56&min;, or 23° 28&min; on each side of the equator; two temperate or variable zones, situated between the tropics and the polar circles; and two frigid zones, situated between the polar circles and the poles. Commerce . . . defies every wind, outrides every tempest, and invades. Bancroft. 3. (Math.) The portion of the surface of a sphere included between two parallel planes; the portion of a surface of revolution included between two planes perpendicular to the axis. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.) 4. (Nat. Hist.) (a) A band or stripe extending around a body. (b) A band or area of growth encircling anything; as, a zone of evergreens on a mountain; the zone of animal or vegetable life in the ocean around an island or a continent; the Alpine zone, that part of mountains which is above the limit of tree growth. 5. (Crystallog.) A series of planes having mutually parallel intersections. 6. Circuit; circumference. [R.] Milton. Abyssal zone. (Phys. Geog.) See under Abyssal. -- Zone axis (Crystallog.), a straight line passing through the center of a crystal, to which all the planes of a given zone are parallel. Zone Zone, v. t. To girdle; to encircle. [R.] Keats. Zoned Zoned (?), a. 1. Wearing a zone, or girdle. Pope. 2. Having zones, or concentric bands; striped. 3. (Bot.) Zonate. Zoneless Zone"less (?), a. Not having a zone; ungirded. The reeling goddess with the zoneless waist. Cowper. In careless folds, loose fell her zoneless vest. Mason. Zonnar Zon"nar (?), n. See Zonar. Zonular Zon"u*lar (?), a. Of or pertaining to a zone; zone-shaped. "The zonular type of a placenta." Dana. Zonule Zon"ule (?), n. A little zone, or girdle. Zonulet Zon"u*let (?), n. A zonule. Herrick. Zonure Zon"ure (?), n. [Zone + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several of South African lizards of the genus Zonura, common in rocky situations. Zo\'94- Zo"\'94- (?). A combining form from Gr. zwo^,n an animal, as in zo\'94genic, zo\'94logy, etc. Zo\'94chemical Zo`\'94*chem"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to zo\'94chemistry. Zo\'94chemistry Zo`\'94*chem"is*try (?), n. [Zo\'94- + chemistry.] Animal chemistry; particularly, the description of the chemical compounds entering into the composition of the animal body, in distinction from biochemistry. Zo\'94chemy Zo*\'94ch"e*my (?), n. [Zo\'94- + Gr. Animal chemistry; zo\'94chemistry. Dunglison. Zo\'94chlorella Zo`\'94*chlo*rel"la (?), n. [NL., dim. from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the small green granulelike bodies found in the interior of certain stentors, hydras, and other invertebrates. Zo\'94cyst Zo"\'94*cyst (?), n. [Zo\'94- + cyst.] (Biol.) A cyst formed by certain Protozoa and unicellular plants which the contents divide into a large number of granules, each of which becomes a germ. Zo\'94cytium Zo`\'94*cy"ti*um (?), n.; pl. Zo\'94cytia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The common support, often branched, of certain species of social Infusoria. Zo\'94dendrium Zo`\'94*den"dri*um (?), n.; pl. Zo\'94dendria (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The branched, and often treelike, support of the colonies of certain Infusoria. Zo\'d2cium Zo*\'d2"ci*um (?), n.; pl. Zo\'d2cia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the cells or tubes which inclose the feeling zooids of Bryozoa. See Illust. of Sea Moss. Zo\'94erythrine Zo`\'94*e*ryth"rine (?), n. [Zo\'94- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar organic red coloring matter found in the feathers of various birds. Zo\'94gamous Zo*\'94g"a*mous (?), a. [Zo\'94- + Gr. (Biol.) Of or pertaining zo\'94gamy. Zo\'94gamy Zo*\'94g"a*my (?), n. (Biol.) The sexual reproduction of animals. Zo\'94genic Zo`\'94*gen"ic (?), a. [Zo\'94- + -gen + -ic: cf. Gr. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to zo\'94geny, animal production. Zo\'94geny, Zo\'94gony Zo*\'94g"e*ny (?), Zo*\'94g"o*ny (?), n. [Zo\'94- + root of Gr. The doctrine of the formation of living beings. Zo\'94geography Zo`\'94*ge*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Zo\'94- + geography.] The study or description of the geographical distribution of animals. Zo\'94geographical Zo`\'94*ge`o*graph"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to zo\'94graphy. Zo\'94gl\'d2a Zo`\'94*gl\'d2"a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Biol.) A colony or mass of bacteria imbedded in a viscous gelatinous substance. The zo\'94gl\'d2a is characteristic of a transitory stage through which rapidly multiplying bacteria pass in the course of their evolution. Also used adjectively. Zo\'94grapher Zo*\'94g"ra*pher (?), n. One who describes animals, their forms and habits. Zo\'94graphic, Zo\'94graphical Zo`\'94*graph"ic (?), Zo`\'94*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. zoographique.] Of or pertaining to the description of animals. Zo\'94graphist Zo*\'94g"ra*phist (?), n. A zo\'94grapher. Zo\'94graphy Zo*\'94g"ra*phy (?), n. [Zo\'94- + -graphy: cf. F. zoographie.] A description of animals, their forms and habits. Zooid Zo"oid (?), a. [Zo\'94- + -oid.] (Biol.) Pertaining to, or resembling, an animal. Zooid Zo"oid, n. 1. (Biol.) An organic body or cell having locomotion, as a spermatic cell or spermatozooid. 2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An animal in one of its inferior stages of development, as one of the intermediate forms in alternate generation. (b) One of the individual animals in a composite group, as of Anthozoa, Hydroidea, and Bryozoa; -- sometimes restricted to those individuals in which the mouth and digestive organs are not developed. Zooidal Zo*oid"al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a zooid; as, a zooidal form. Zo\'94latry Zo*\'94l"a*try (?), n. [Zo\'94- + Gr. The worship of animals. Zo\'94loger Zo*\'94l"o*ger (?), n. A zo\'94logist. Boyle. Zo\'94logical Zo`\'94*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. zoologique.] Of or pertaining to zo\'94logy, or the science of animals. Zo\'94logically Zo`\'94*log"ic*al*ly, adv. In a zo\'94logical manner; according to the principles of zo\'94logy. Zo\'94logist Zo*\'94l"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. zoologiste.] One who is well versed in zo\'94logy. Zo\'94logy Zo*\'94l"o*gy (?), n.; pl. Zo\'94logies (#). [Zo\'94- + -logy: cf. F. zoologie. See Zodiac.] 1. That part of biology which relates to the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct. 2. A treatise on this science. Zo\'94melanin Zo`\'94*mel"a*nin (?), n. [Zo\'94- + melanin.] (Physiol. Chem.) A pigment giving the black color to the feathers of many birds. Zo\'94morphic Zo`\'94*mor"phic (?), a. [Zo\'94- + Gr. Of or pertaining to zo\'94morphism. Zo\'94morphism Zo`\'94*mor"phism (?), n. 1. The transformation of men into beasts. [R.] Smart. 2. The quality of representing or using animal forms; as, zo\'94morphism in ornament. 3. The representation of God, or of gods, in the form, or with the attributes, of the lower animals. To avoid the error of anthropomorphism, we fall into the vastly greater, and more absurd, error of zo\'94morphism. Mivart. Zo\'94n Zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Zoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) (a) An animal which is the sole product of a single egg; -- opposed to zooid. H. Spencer. (b) Any one of the perfectly developed individuals of a compound animal. Zo\'94nic Zo*\'94n"ic (?), a. [Gr. zoonique.] Of or pertaining to animals; obtained from animal substances. Zo\'94nite Zo"\'94*nite (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the segments of the body of an articulate animal. (b) One of the theoretic transverse divisions of any segmented animal. Zo\'94nomy Zo*\'94n"o*my (?), n. [Zo\'94- + Gr. zoonomie.] The laws animal life, or the science which treats of the phenomena of animal life, their causes and relations. Zo\'94nule Zo"\'94*nule (?), n. [Dim. fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Zo\'94nite. Zo\'94pathology Zo`\'94*pa*thol"o*gy (?), n. [Zo\'94- + pathology.] Animal pathology. _________________________________________________________________ Page 1681 Zo\'94phaga Zo*\'94ph"a*ga (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An artificial group comprising various carnivorous and insectivorous animals. Zo\'94phagan Zo*\'94ph"a*gan (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A animal that feeds on animal food. Zo\'94phagous Zo*\'94ph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. Feeding on animals. NOTE: &hand; Th is is a more general term than either sarcophagous or carnivorous. Zo\'94philist Zo*\'94ph"i*list (?), n. [Zo\'94- + Gr. A lover of animals. Southey. Zo\'94phily Zo*\'94ph"i*ly (?), n. Love of animals. Zo\'94phite Zo"\'94*phite (?), n. A zo\'94phyte. [R.] Zo\'94phoric Zo`\'94*phor"ic (?), a. [Gr. zoophorique.] Bearing or supporting the figure of an animal; as, a zo\'94phoric column. Zo\'94phorous Zo*\'94ph"o*rous (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Zo\'94phoric.] (Anc. Arch.) The part between the architrave and cornice; the frieze; -- so called from the figures of animals carved upon it. Zo\'94phyta Zo*\'94ph"y*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An extensive artificial and heterogeneous group of animals, formerly adopted by many zo\'94logists. It included the c&oe;lenterates, echinoderms, sponges, Bryozoa, Protozoa, etc. NOTE: &hand; So metimes the name is restricted to the C&oe;lentera, or to the Anthozoa. Zo\'94phyte Zo"\'94*phyte (?), n. [F. zoophyte, Gr. Zodiac, and Be, v. i.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of numerous species of invertebrate animals which more or less resemble plants in appearance, or mode of growth, as the corals, gorgonians, sea anemones, hydroids, bryozoans, sponges, etc., especially any of those that form compound colonies having a branched or treelike form, as many corals and hydroids. (b) Any one of the Zo\'94phyta. Zo\'94phytic, Zo\'94phytical Zo`\'94*phyt"ic (?), Zo`\'94*phyt"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. zoophytique.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to zo\'94phytes. Zo\'94phytoid Zo*\'94ph"y*toid (?), a. [Zo\'94phyte + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a zo\'94phyte. Zo\'94phytological Zo`\'94*phyt`o*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. zoophytologique.] Of or pertaining to zo\'94phytology; as, zo\'94phytological observations. Zo\'94phytology Zo*\'94ph`y*tol"o*gy (?; 277), n. [Zo\'94phyte + -logy: cf. F. zoophytologie.] The natural history zo\'94phytes. Zo\'94praxiscope Zo`\'94*prax"i*scope (?), n. [Zo\'94- + Gr. -scope.] An instrument similar to, or the same as, the, the phenakistoscope, by means of which pictures projected upon a screen are made to exhibit the natural movements of animals, and the like. Zo\'94psychology Zo`\'94*psy*chol"o*gy (?), n. [Zo\'94- + psychology.] Animal psychology. Zo\'94sperm Zo"\'94*sperm (?), n. [Zo\'94- + sperm.] (Biol.) One of the spermatic particles; spermatozoid. Zo\'94sporangium Zo`\'94*spo*ran"gi*um (?), n.; pl. -sporangia (#). [NL. See Zo\'94-, and Sporangium.] (Bot.) A spore, or conceptacle containing zo\'94spores. Zo\'94spore Zo"\'94*spore (?), n. [Zo\'94- + spore.] 1. (Bot.) A spore provided with one or more slender cilia, by the vibration of which it swims in the water. Zo\'94spores are produced by many green, and by some olive-brown, alg\'91. In certain species they are divided into the larger macrozo\'94spores and the smaller microzo\'94spores. Called also sporozoid, and swarmspore. 2. (Zo\'94l.) See Swarmspore. Zo\'94sporic Zo`\'94*spor"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to zo\'94spores; of the nature of zo\'94spores. Zo\'94tic Zo*\'94t"ic (?), a. [Gr. Containing the remains of organized bodies; -- said of rock or soil. Zo\'94tomical Zo`\'94*tom"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. zootomique.] Of or pertaining to zo\'94tomy. Zo\'94tomist Zo*\'94t"o*mist (?), n. [Cf. F. zootomiste.] One who dissects animals, or is skilled in zo\'94tomy. Zo\'94tomy Zo*\'94t"o*my (?), n. [Zo\'94- + Gr. zootomie.] The dissection or the anatomy of animals; -- distinguished from androtomy. Zo\'94trophic Zo`\'94*troph"ic (?), a. [Gr. Zo\'94-, and Trophic.] (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to the nourishment of animals. Zoozoo Zoo"zoo` (?), n. [Of imitative origin.] (Zo\'94l.) The wood pigeon. [Prov. Eng.] Zope Zope (?), n. [G.] (Zo\'94l.) A European fresh-water bream (Abramis ballerus). Zopilote Zo"pi*lote (?), n. [Sp.] (Zo\'94l.) The urubu, or American black vulture. Zoril Zor"il (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Zorilla. Zorilla Zo*ril"la (?), n. [Sp. zorilla, zorillo, dim. of zorra, zorro, a fox: cf. F. zorille.] (Zo\'94l.) Either one of two species of small African carnivores of the genus Ictonyx allied to the weasels and skunks. [Written also zoril, and zorille.] NOTE: &hand; Th e be st-known sp ecies (I ctonyx zorilla) has black shiny fur with white bands and spots. It has anal glands which produce a very offensive secretion, similar to that of the skunk. It feeds upon birds and their eggs and upon small mammals, and is often very destructive to poultry. It is sometimes tamed by the natives, and kept to destroy rats and mice. Called also mariput, Cape polecat, and African polecat. The name is sometimes erroneously applied to the American skunk. Zoroastrian Zo`ro*as"tri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Zoroaster, or his religious system. Zoroastrian Zo`ro*as"tri*an (?), n. A follower of Zoroaster; one who accepts Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrianism Zo`ro*as"tri*an*ism (?), n. The religious system of Zoroaster, the legislator and prophet of the ancient Persians, which was the national faith of Persia; mazdeism. The system presupposes a good spirit (Ormuzd) and an opposing evil spirit (Ahriman). Cf. Fire worship, under Fire, and Parsee. Zoroastrism Zo`ro*as"trism (?), n. Same as Zoroastrianism. Tylor. Zoster Zos"ter (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Zone.] (Med.) Shingles. Zostera Zos"te*ra (?), n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Naiadace\'91, or Pondweed family. Zostera marina is commonly known as sea wrack, and eelgrass. Zosterops Zos"ter*ops (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of birds that comprises the white-eyes. See White-eye. Zouave Zouave (?; 277), n. [F., fr. Ar. Zouaoua a tribe of Kabyles living among the Jurjura mountains in Algeria.] (Mil.) (a) One of an active and hardy body of soldiers in the French service, originally Arabs, but now composed of Frenchmen who wear the Arab dress. (b) Hence, one of a body of soldiers who adopt the dress and drill of the Zouaves, as was done by a number of volunteer regiments in the army of the United States in the Civil War, 1861-65. Zounds Zounds (?), interj. [Contracted from God's wounds.] An exclamation formerly used as an oath, and an expression of anger or wonder. Zoutch Zoutch (?; 277), v. t. (Cookery) To stew, as flounders, eels, etc., with just enough or liquid to cover them. Smart. Zubr Zubr (?), n. [Polish .] (Zo\'94l.) The aurochs. Zuche Zuche (?), n. A stump of a tree. Cowell. Zuchetto Zu*chet"to (?), n. [It. zucchetto.] (R. C. Ch.) A skullcap covering the tonsure, worn under the berretta. The pope's is white; a cardinal's red; a bishop's purple; a priest's black. Zufolo Zu"fo*lo (?; 277), n. [It.] (Mus.) A little flute or flageolet, especially that which is used to teach birds. [Written also zuffolo.] Zuisin Zui"sin (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The American widgeon. [Local, U. S.] Zulus Zu"lus (?), n. pl.; sing. Zulu (. (Ethnol.) The most important tribe belonging to the Kaffir race. They inhabit a region on the southeast coast of Africa, but formerly occupied a much more extensive country. They are noted for their warlike disposition, courage, and military skill. Zumbooruk Zum*boo"ruk (?), n. [Turk. & Ar. zamb, fr. Ar. zamb a hornet.] (Mil.) A small cannon supported by a swiveled rest on the back of a camel, whence it is fired, -- used in the East. Zumic, a., Zumological Zu"mic (?), a., Zu`mo*log"ic*al (, a., Zu*mol"o*gy (, n., Zu*mom"e*ter (, n., etc. See Zymic, Zymological, etc. Zu&ntil;is Zu"&ntil;is (?), n. pl.; sing. Zu&ntil;i (. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Pueblo Indians occupying a village in New Mexico, on the Zu&ntil;i River. Zunyite Zun"yite (?), n. (Min.) A fluosilicate of alumina occurring in tetrahedral crystals at the Zu&ntil;i mine in Colorado. Zwanziger Zwan"zi*ger (?), n. [G.] Am Austrian silver coin equivalent to 20 kreutzers, or about 10 cents. Zygantrum Zy*gan"trum (?), n.; pl. Zygantra (#). [Gr. (Anat.) See under Zygosphene. Zygapophysis Zyg`a*poph"y*sis (?), n.; pl. Zygapophyses (#). [Gr. apophysis.] (Anat.) One of the articular processes of a vertebra, of which there are usually four, two anterior and two posterior. See under Vertebra. -- Zyg`ap*o*phys"i*al (#), a. Zygenid Zyg"e*nid (?), n. [Cf. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of moths of the family Zyg\'91nid\'91, most of which are bright colored. The wood nymph and the vine forester are examples. Also used adjectively. Zygobranchia Zyg`o*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A division of marine gastropods in which the gills are developed on both sides of the body and the renal organs are also paired. The abalone (Haliotis) and the keyhole limpet (Fissurella) are examples. Zygobranchiate Zyg`o*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Zygobranchia. Zygodactyl, Zygodactyle Zyg`o*dac"tyl, Zyg`o*dac"tyle (?), n. [See Zygodactylic.] (Zo\'94l.) Any zygodactylous bird. Zygodactyl\'91 Zyg`o*dac"ty*l\'91 (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The zygodactylous birds. In a restricted sense applied to a division of birds which includes the barbets, toucans, honey guides, and other related birds. Zygodactyli Zyg`o*dac"ty*li (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Scansores. Zygodactylic, Zygodactylous Zyg`o*dac"ty*lic (?), Zyg`o*dac"tyl*ous (?; 277), a. [Gr. zygodactyle.] (Zo\'94l.) Yoke-footed; having the toes disposed in pairs; -- applied to birds which have two toes before and two behind, as the parrot, cuckoo, woodpecker, etc. Zygoma Zy*go"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) (a) The jugal, malar, or cheek bone. (b) The zygomatic process of the temporal bone. (c) The whole zygomatic arch. Zygomatic Zyg`o*mat"ic (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. zygomatique.] (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the zygoma. Zygomatic arch, the arch of bone beneath the orbit, formed in most mammals by the union of the malar, or jugal, with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. In the lower vertebrates other bones may help to form it, and there may be two arches on each side of the skull, as in some reptiles. -- Zygomatic process, a process of the temporal or squamosal bone helping to form the zygomatic arch. Zygomorphic, Zygomorphous Zyg`o*mor"phic (?), Zyg`o*mor"phous (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Symmetrical bilaterally; -- said of organisms, or parts of organisms, capable of division into two symmetrical halves only in a single plane. Zyophyte Zy"o*phyte (?), n. [Gr. (Bot.) Any plant of a proposed class or grand division (Zygophytes, Zygophyta, or Zygospore\'91), in which reproduction consists in the union of two similar cells. Cf. O\'94phyte. Zygosis Zy*go"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) Same as Conjugation. Zygosperm Zyg"o*sperm (?), n. [Gr. sperm.] (Bot.) A spore formed by the union of the contents of two similar cells, either of the same or of distinct individual plants. Zygosperms are found in certain orders of alg\'91 and fungi. Zygosphene Zyg"o*sphene (?), n. [Gr. (Anat.) A median process on the front part of the neural arch of the vertebr\'91 of most snakes and some lizards, which fits into a fossa, called the zygantrum, on the back part of the arch in front. Zygospore Zyg"o*spore (?), n. [Gr. spore.] (Bot.) (a) Same as Zygosperm. (b) A spore formed by the union of several zo\'94spores; -- called also zygozo\'94spore. Zylonite Zy"lon*ite (?), n. [Gr. Celluloid. Zymase Zym"ase (?), n. [From Zyme.] (Physiol. Chem.) A soluble ferment, or enzyme. See Enzyme. Zyme Zyme (?), n. [Gr. 1. A ferment. 2. (Med.) The morbific principle of a zymotic disease. Quain. Zymic Zym"ic (?), a. (Old Chem.) Pertaining to, or produced by, fermentation; -- formerly, by confusion, used to designate lactic acid. Zymogen Zym"o*gen (?), n. [Zyme + -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.) A mother substance, or antecedent, of an enzyme or chemical ferment; -- applied to such substances as, not being themselves actual ferments, may by internal changes give rise to a ferment. The pancreas contains but little ready-made ferment, though there is present in it a body, zymogen, which gives birth to the ferment. Foster. Zymogene Zym"o*gene (?), n. [Zyme + root of Gr. (Biol.) One of a physiological group of globular bacteria which produces fermentations of diverse nature; -- distinguished from pathogene. Zymogenic Zym`o*gen"ic (?), a. (Biol.) (a) Pertaining to, or formed by, a zymogene. (b) Capable of producing a definite zymogen or ferment. Zymogenic organism (Biol.), a micro\'94rganism, such as the yeast plant of the Bacterium lactis, which sets up certain fermentative processes by which definite chemical products are formed; -- distinguished from a pathogenic organism. Cf. Micrococcus. Zymologic, Zymological Zy`mo*log"ic (?), Zy`mo*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. zymologique.] Of or pertaining to zymology. Zymologist Zy*mol"o*gist (?), n. One who is skilled in zymology, or in the fermentation of liquors. Zymology Zy*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Zyme + -logy: cf. F. zymologie.] A treatise on the fermentation of liquors, or the doctrine of fermentation. [Written also zumology.] Zymome Zy"mome (?), n. [Gr. (Old Chem.) A glutinous substance, insoluble in alcohol, resembling legumin; -- now called vegetable fibrin, vegetable albumin, or gluten casein. Zymometer, Zymosimeter Zy*mom"e*ter (?), Zy`mo*sim"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. zymosim\'8atre.] An instrument for ascertaining the degree of fermentation occasioned by the mixture of different liquids, and the degree of heat which they acquire in fermentation. Zymophyte Zym"o*phyte (?), n. [Zyme + Gr. (Physiol. Chem.) A bacteroid ferment. Zymose Zy*mose" (?), n. (Chem.) Invertin. Zymosis Zy*mo"sis, n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) A fermentation; hence, an analogous process by which an infectious disease is believed to be developed. (b) A zymotic disease. [R.] Zymotic Zy*mot"ic (?), a. [Gr. 1. Of, pertaining to, or caused by, fermentation. 2. (Med.) Designating, or pertaining to, a certain class of diseases. See Zymotic disease, below. Zymotic disease (Med.), any epidemic, endemic, contagious, or sporadic affection which is produced by some morbific principle or organism acting on the system like a ferment.<-- now infectious disease. --> Zythem Zy"them (?), n. See Zythum. Zythepsary Zy*thep"sa*ry (?), n. [Gr. A brewery. [R.] Zythum Zy"thum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. A kind of ancient malt beverage; a liquor made from malt and wheat. [Written also zythem.] <-- End of main (1890) section of the dictionary. See also the "Department of New Words" -->